From f0b5426f0de1f8d752b03999a01616a903a7c6de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Larry Sallee Date: Fri, 9 Nov 2018 22:25:29 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Fixed unmatched brackets (#1099) --- en_tn_08-RUT.tsv | 2 +- en_tn_23-ISA.tsv | 2 +- en_tn_28-HOS.tsv | 2 +- en_tn_41-MAT.tsv | 2 +- en_tn_42-MRK.tsv | 4 ++-- en_tn_50-EPH.tsv | 2 +- en_tn_52-COL.tsv | 2 +- 7 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv b/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv index 45889973b5..a054eb8f0e 100644 --- a/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv +++ b/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ RUT 2 9 xc6u figs-rquestion 0 Have I not instructed the men ... you? Boaz used RUT 2 9 ub62 0 men ... the other women "young male workers ... young female workers." The word "men" is used three times to refer to the young men who are harvesting in the field. Some languages can say this using one word, and they have a different word that means young women workers. RUT 2 9 v5e4 0 not to touch you Possible meanings are 1) the men were not to harm Ruth or 2) the men were not to stop her from gleaning in his field. RUT 2 9 ahr7 0 the water that the men have drawn To draw water means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage vessel. -RUT 2 10 az6y 0 she bowed down before Boaz, touching her face to the ground These are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]) +RUT 2 10 az6y 0 she bowed down before Boaz, touching her face to the ground These are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) RUT 2 10 ug7p 0 Why have I found such favor ... a foreigner? Ruth is asking a real question. RUT 2 10 x6f8 0 foreigner Ruth had pledged her loyalty to the God of Israel in private, but she was known publicly as "the Moabitess." RUT 2 11 app6 figs-activepassive 0 It has been reported to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People have reported to me" or "People have told me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/en_tn_23-ISA.tsv b/en_tn_23-ISA.tsv index e0796a14bf..ae182f59a0 100644 --- a/en_tn_23-ISA.tsv +++ b/en_tn_23-ISA.tsv @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote ISA front intro l9fr 0 # Introduction to Isaiah
## Part 1: General Introduction

#### Outline of the Book of Isaiah

1. Yahweh judges his people but gives them hope (chapters 1–12)
1. Isaiah prophesies against many nations (13–23)
1. Universal judgment and promise of redemption (24–27)
1. The people of Yahweh judged (28–31)
1. The righteous kingdom (32–33)
1. The nations judged; the ransomed will be restored (34–35)
1. Hezekiah and Sennacherib (36–39)
1. Yahweh comforts his people and will restore them (40–45)
1. Prophecies against Babylon (46–48)
1. The servant of Yahweh (49–55)
1. Ethics of Yahweh's kingdom (56–59)
1. Restored Jerusalem (60–66)


#### What is the Book of Isaiah about?

The first part of the Book of Isaiah (chapters 1-39) contains many different prophecies. Some of Isaiah's prophecies are about how God would send an army to destroy the southern kingdom of Judah. Some of the prophecies are about how God would punish other nations of the world. The end of the first part (chapters 36-39) tells how Isaiah helped King Hezekiah when the Assyrians were about to attack Jerusalem.

The second part of the Book of Isaiah (chapters 40-66) has prophecies about how God will comfort and restore his people. He will do this through his chosen servant. By the suffering of this servant, God will forgive his people (chapter 53). This servant will also cause Gentiles to worship Yahweh. The Book of Isaiah ends with a prophecy about God creating a new heavens and earth.

#### How should the title of this book be translated?

Translators can use the traditional title, "The Book of Isaiah" or just "Isaiah." Or they may call it "The Book about Isaiah" or "The Sayings of Isaiah." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

#### When was the Book of Isaiah written?

Isaiah prophesied around 740–700 B.C., when the Assyrian Empire was becoming more powerful. Isaiah spoke the prophecies from God to the people of Judah during the reigns of Kings Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. The story of Isaiah helping King Hezekiah (chapters 36-39) is also found in 2 Kings 19–20.

## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

#### What did Isaiah prophesy about the future Messiah of Israel?

Jews and Christians have interpreted many passages in Isaiah to be about the Messiah. In 9:1-7, Isaiah described a child being born who would rule over David's kingdom. In chapter 11, Isaiah described a descendant of David who would have God's spirit upon him. Several prophecies in chapters 40-66 are about "the servant." This servant will comfort the people, rule righteously, and suffer so that God will forgive the people for sinning against him. The New Testament writers interpret these prophecies to be about Jesus Christ.

#### What did Isaiah mean by the "last days"?

Isaiah prophesied of the "last days" (2:2) as some later or final period of time. The New Testament writers understood the "last days" to be the church age (Acts 2:17, Hebrews 1:2). The Book of Isaiah was one of the first books to include prophesies about the last days. Isaiah explained that in the last days there would be a future kingdom of Israel. Jerusalem would be its main city. And people from all over the world will go there to learn about Yahweh and worship him.

## Part 3: Important Translation Issues

#### What is the meaning of the term "Israel"?

The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed Jacob's name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])

#### What are some characteristics of prophetic literature in the Book of Isaiah?

Most of Isaiah's prophecies are in poetic form. Many prophets in Israel used poetry when they spoke important messages that were meant to be remembered.

Sometimes Isaiah's messages are hard to understand. He assumed his original hearers would know what he was talking about. But readers today do not always understand what he meant. However, Isaiah's basic messages are still clear to us today. These messages are about how God's people sinned against him, how he would punish them, and how he would eventually comfort and restore them.

Isaiah also speaks about the Servant of Yahweh, in four different poems that are today called the "Four Servant Songs." Christians understand these very clearly as prophecies about Jesus Christ, the Messiah. These "songs" are in Isaiah 42:1-9; 49:1-7; 50:4-9; and 52:13-53:12. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
-ISA 1 intro q326 0 # Isaiah 01 General Notes
#### Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:2-31, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh.

#### Special concepts in this chapter

##### Woe
The prophecy of this chapter serves as a warning to the people of the kingdom of Judah. If they do not change their evil ways, Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[:[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

#### Important figures of speech in this chapter

##### Metaphors
There are many vivid metaphors used to describe Judah's sin. Their sin is described as a sickness that spreads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

##### Rhetorical Questions
Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince the people of Judah of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+ISA 1 intro q326 0 # Isaiah 01 General Notes
#### Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:2-31, which is a vision Isaiah receives. These are the words of Yahweh.

#### Special concepts in this chapter

##### Woe
The prophecy of this chapter serves as a warning to the people of the kingdom of Judah. If they do not change their evil ways, Yahweh will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/woe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

#### Important figures of speech in this chapter

##### Metaphors
There are many vivid metaphors used to describe Judah's sin. Their sin is described as a sickness that spreads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

##### Rhetorical Questions
Yahweh uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince the people of Judah of their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
ISA 1 1 qur5 0 The vision of Isaiah ... that he saw "This is the vision of Isaiah ... that Yahweh showed him" or "This is what God showed Isaiah" ISA 1 1 zfq5 translate-names 0 Amoz Amoz was the father of Isaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) ISA 1 1 i66y figs-metonymy 0 Judah and Jerusalem "Judah" refers to the southern kingdom of Israel. "Jerusalem" was its most important city. The names of the places represent the people who live in them. Alternate translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem" or "the people of Judah and Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/en_tn_28-HOS.tsv b/en_tn_28-HOS.tsv index 9c52610067..04bebdb305 100644 --- a/en_tn_28-HOS.tsv +++ b/en_tn_28-HOS.tsv @@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ HOS 12 14 ay94 figs-metaphor 0 will turn back on him his disgrace The idea of m HOS 13 intro la1r 0 # Hosea 13 General Notes
#### Structure and formatting

This chapter uses poetry to communicate Yahweh's disgust and anger with the northern kingdom of Israel.

#### Special concepts in this chapter

"Israel" and "Ephraim" are terms used to speak about the people of the northern kingdom. Samaria was the capital of the northern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

This chapter makes it clear that the northern kingdom is going to be nearly decimated as a people. They will no longer exist as a nation.

#### Important figures of speech in this chapter

##### Rhetorical question

Hosea uses rhetorical questions throughout this chapter. They are not questions requesting information but rather questions indicating some emotion like anger or dissatisfaction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HOS 13 1 u92j 0 General Information: Yahweh is speaking. HOS 13 1 aw8s figs-synecdoche 0 When Ephraim spoke Hosea uses the term "Ephraim" to refer to the entire northern kingdom, although it was also the name of one of the ten tribes. Hosea seems to be speaking of a long-past time, when the northern kingdom was strong and honored, unlike at the present time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -HOS 13 1 hyz3 0 there was trembling It is understood that people were trembling because they were afraid of Ephraim. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "there was trembling among the people" or "people trembled in fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]) +HOS 13 1 hyz3 0 there was trembling It is understood that people were trembling because they were afraid of Ephraim. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "there was trembling among the people" or "people trembled in fear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) HOS 13 1 lw4y figs-metaphor 0 He exalted himself in Israel Here "exalting" means to make oneself important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) HOS 13 1 nqg7 figs-metaphor 0 but he became guilty because of Baal worship, and he died When the people of Ephraim began worshiping Baal, they grew weak, and their enemies defeated them. Here "died" refers to the nation growing weak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) HOS 13 2 rtl5 0 Now they sin more and more Here "they" refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the entire nation of Israel, who followed Ephraim's example. diff --git a/en_tn_41-MAT.tsv b/en_tn_41-MAT.tsv index 57b1e8d164..0d39c5d8ba 100644 --- a/en_tn_41-MAT.tsv +++ b/en_tn_41-MAT.tsv @@ -2346,7 +2346,7 @@ MAT 24 22 r9qw figs-synecdoche σάρξ 1 flesh "people." Here, "flesh" is poeti MAT 24 22 p6m8 figs-activepassive κολοβωθήσονται αἱ ἡμέραι ἐκεῖναι 1 those days will be shortened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will shorten the time of suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) MAT 24 23 avv5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. MAT 24 23 avm2 0 do not believe it "do not believe the false things they have said to you" -MAT 24 24 n744 τέρατα, ὥστε πλανῆσαι εἰ δυνατὸν καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς 1 so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect Here "lead astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. This can be translated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "so as to deceive, if possible, even the elect" or "so as to deceive people. If possible, they would even deceive the elect" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +MAT 24 24 n744 τέρατα, ὥστε πλανῆσαι εἰ δυνατὸν καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς 1 so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect Here "lead astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. This can be translated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "so as to deceive, if possible, even the elect" or "so as to deceive people. If possible, they would even deceive the elect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MAT 24 26 fmx1 figs-quotations ἐὰν οὖν εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν, ἰδοὺ‘, ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐστίν’, μὴ ἐξέλθητε 1 if they say to you, 'Look, he is in the wilderness,' do This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "if someone tells you that the Christ is in the wilderness, do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 24 26 zxg2 figs-quotations 0 Or, 'See, he is in the inner rooms,' This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Or, if someone tells you that the Christ is in the inner room," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) MAT 24 26 n2pt ἐν ... τοῖς ταμείοις 1 in the inner rooms "in a secret room" or "in secret places" diff --git a/en_tn_42-MRK.tsv b/en_tn_42-MRK.tsv index 60602e1cdc..02e3124394 100644 --- a/en_tn_42-MRK.tsv +++ b/en_tn_42-MRK.tsv @@ -1105,8 +1105,8 @@ MRK 13 3 u7ju κατ’ ἰδίαν 1 privately when they were alone MRK 13 4 uf37 figs-explicit 0 these things happen ... are about to happen This refers to what Jesus had just said will happen to the stones of the temple. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: "these things happen to the buildings of the temple ... are about to happen to the temple buildings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) MRK 13 4 lw1n ὅταν ... ταῦτα ... πάντα 1 when all these things "that all these things" MRK 13 5 fe42 λέγειν αὐτοῖς 1 to them "to his disciples" -MRK 13 5 u79c ὑμᾶς πλανήσῃ 1 leads you astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe what is not true. Alternate translation: "deceives you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -MRK 13 6 wv12 πολλοὺς πλανήσουσιν 1 they will lead many astray Here "lead ... astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe what is not true. Alternate translation: "they will deceive many people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +MRK 13 5 u79c ὑμᾶς πλανήσῃ 1 leads you astray Here "leads you astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe what is not true. Alternate translation: "deceives you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +MRK 13 6 wv12 πολλοὺς πλανήσουσιν 1 they will lead many astray Here "lead ... astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe what is not true. Alternate translation: "they will deceive many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) MRK 13 6 z63u figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου 1 in my name Possible meanings are 1) "claiming my authority" or 2) "claiming that God sent them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) MRK 13 6 l7f9 0 I am he "I am the Christ" MRK 13 7 fl5h ἀκούσητε πολέμους καὶ ἀκοὰς πολέμων 1 hear of wars and rumors of wars "hear of wars and reports about wars." Possible meanings are 1) "hear the sounds of wars close by and news of wars far away" or 2) "hear of wars that have started and reports about wars that are about to start" diff --git a/en_tn_50-EPH.tsv b/en_tn_50-EPH.tsv index 4553d7ceaf..6a532c294e 100644 --- a/en_tn_50-EPH.tsv +++ b/en_tn_50-EPH.tsv @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ EPH 4 1 sb64 0 Connecting Statement: Because of what Paul has been writing to EPH 4 1 uss5 0 as the prisoner for the Lord "as someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord" EPH 4 1 zxr1 figs-metaphor ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως 1 walk worthily of the calling Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one's life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EPH 4 2 zs6s 0 to live with great humility and gentleness and patience "to learn to be humble, gentle, and patient" -EPH 4 3 pi5c τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης 1 to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace Here Paul speaks of "peace" as if it were a bond that ties people together. This is a metaphor for being united with other people by living peacefully with them. Alternate translation: "to live peacefully with one another and remain united as the Spirit made possible" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +EPH 4 3 pi5c τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης 1 to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace Here Paul speaks of "peace" as if it were a bond that ties people together. This is a metaphor for being united with other people by living peacefully with them. Alternate translation: "to live peacefully with one another and remain united as the Spirit made possible" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EPH 4 4 x5kv figs-metaphor ἓν σῶμα 1 one body The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EPH 4 4 y6ep ἓν ... Πνεῦμα 1 one Spirit "only one Holy Spirit" EPH 4 4 b9mr figs-activepassive ἐκλήθητε ἐν μιᾷ ἐλπίδι τῆς κλήσεως ὑμῶν 1 you were called in one certain hope of your calling This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God called you to have one confident hope in your calling" or "there is one thing that God also chose you to be confident in and expect him to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) diff --git a/en_tn_52-COL.tsv b/en_tn_52-COL.tsv index 455509824b..d0741a52c2 100644 --- a/en_tn_52-COL.tsv +++ b/en_tn_52-COL.tsv @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ COL 1 13 mv87 ὃς ἐρρύσατο ἡμᾶς 1 He has rescued us "God has r COL 1 13 dw5k figs-metaphor τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ σκότους 1 the dominion of darkness "Darkness" here is a metaphor for evil. Alternate translation: "the evil forces that controlled us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) COL 1 13 zav6 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τοῦ ... Υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ 1 his beloved Son "Son" is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) COL 1 14 wh6q figs-metaphor ἐν ᾧ 1 in whom Paul often speaks as if the believers were "in" Jesus Christ or "in" God. This can be translated as the beginning of a new sentence. Alternate translation: "by means of whom" or "By means of his Son" or "Because of his Son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -COL 1 14 v5d8 ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν 1 we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins The nouns "redemption" and "forgiveness" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "we are redeemed; our sins are forgiven" or "God redeems us; he forgives our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnoun]) +COL 1 14 v5d8 ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν 1 we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins The nouns "redemption" and "forgiveness" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "we are redeemed; our sins are forgiven" or "God redeems us; he forgives our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnoun]]) COL 1 15 j5u9 figs-metaphor ὅς ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου 1 He is the image of the invisible God "His Son is the image of the invisible God." Here "image" does not mean a representation of something that is visible. Instead, "image" here means that by knowing the Son, we learn what God the Father is like. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) COL 1 15 h945 figs-metaphor εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου, πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως 1 the firstborn of all creation The expression "firstborn" does not refer to when Jesus was born. Instead, it refers to his position as the eternal Son of God the Father. In this sense, "firstborn" is a metaphor meaning "most important." Jesus is the most important and the unique Son of God. Alternate Translation: "God's Son, the most important one over all creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) COL 1 15 af6b figs-abstractnouns πάσης κτίσεως 1 all creation The noun "creation" can be translated with a verb. Alternate Translation: "all that God created" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnoun]])