Merge christopherrsmith-tc-create-1 into master by christopherrsmith (#3922)

tn_JDG.tsv

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 1:8	j017		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בְנֵֽי־יְהוּדָה֙	1	As in [1:4](../01/04.md), the author is using the name **Judah** to represent the entire combined army. Alternate translation: “the armies of the tribes of Judah and Simeon”
 1:8	hh58		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בִּ⁠יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַ⁠יִּלְכְּד֣וּ אוֹתָ֔⁠הּ	1	Here, **Jerusalem** represents the people of that city. Alternate translation: “against the people who lived in Jerusalem and captured that city”
 1:8	j018		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	 וַ⁠יַּכּ֖וּ⁠הָ	1	The author is speaking of the people who lived in the city of Jerusalem by association with the city itself, represented by the pronoun **it**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And they struck the people who lived there”
-1:8	j019		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	 וַ⁠יַּכּ֖וּ⁠הָ לְ⁠פִי־חָ֑רֶב	1	The author is speaking of **the sword** as if it were a living thing that had a **mouth** and could eat. This is probably a reference to the way a sword cuts into a person as if it were an animal biting him. An idea implicit in this personification is that when a sword eats, it devours everything. So this expression means “they struck it to the degree that the sword devours,” that is, they killed everyone who lived in the city. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And they completely destroyed the population”
+1:8	j019		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	 וַ⁠יַּכּ֖וּ⁠הָ לְ⁠פִי־חָ֑רֶב	1	The author is using a common expression of his culture. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And they completely destroyed it”
 1:8	j021		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠אֶת־הָ⁠עִ֖יר שִׁלְּח֥וּ בָ⁠אֵֽשׁ	1	The author is speaking as if the Israelites had literally **sent** or thrown the **city** of Jerusalem into a large **fire** that was burning nearby. (This same expression occurs in Judges 20:48.) If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they set the city on fire”
 1:9	cs3t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה	1	See how you translated this expression in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “the armies of the tribes of Judah and Simeon”
 1:9	x4ew		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁפֵלָֽה	1	The word **Shephelah** is the name of a region within the territory that was assigned to the tribe of Judah. It consists of hills that are lower than the central ridge where Jerusalem is located. Alternate translation: “and the foothills”
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 1:23	j051		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לֽוּז	1	The word **Luz** is the name of a city.
 1:24	j052		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠עָשִׂ֥ינוּ עִמְּ⁠ךָ֖ חָֽסֶד	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **kindness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “we will treat you kindly” or “we will treat you mercifully”
 1:25	dj1j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִ֖יר לְ⁠פִי־חָ֑רֶב	1	The author is saying **the city** by association to mean the people who lived in the city. Alternate translation: “and they struck the people of the city with the mouth of the sword”
-1:25	ncm9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וַ⁠יַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִ֖יר לְ⁠פִי־חָ֑רֶב	1	See how you translated the same expression in [1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “and they killed everyone they could in the city”
+1:25	ncm9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠יַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עִ֖יר לְ⁠פִי־חָ֑רֶב	1	See how you translated the same expression in [1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “and they killed everyone they could in the city”
 1:26	ym4e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	עַ֖ד הַ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה	1	See how you translated the same expression in [1:21](../01/21.md). Alternate translation: “right up to this time”
 1:27	j053		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אֶת־בֵּית־שְׁאָ֣ן	1	The author is using the name **Beth Shan** by association to mean the people who lived in that city. He is doing the same thing for the other four cities he names in this verse. Alternate translation: “the people who lived in the city of Beth Shan”
 1:27	va98		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־בֵּית־שְׁאָ֣ן & וְ⁠אֶת־תַּעְנַ֣ךְ & ד֜וֹר & יִבְלְעָם֙ & מְגִדּ֖וֹ	1	The words **Beth Shan**, **Taanach**, **Dor**, **Ibleam**, and **Megiddo** are the names of cities.
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 1:35	qdbi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	וַ⁠יִּהְי֖וּ לָ⁠מַֽס	1	The pronoun **they** refers to **the Amorite**, that is, the people group of the Amorites. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “and the Amorites were put to forced labor”
 1:36	j061		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	וּ⁠גְבוּל֙ הָ⁠אֱמֹרִ֔י	1	The author is introducing background information that is not part of the main story. In your translation, introduce this information in a way that would be natural in your own language and culture.
 1:36	g7nx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate	מִֽ⁠מַּעֲלֵ֖ה עַקְרַבִּ֑ים	1	**Akrabbim** is a Hebrew word that the ULT has spelled out using English letters so that readers will know how it sounds. The word means “scorpions” in Hebrew, and here it is the name of a place. In your translation you could spell this name the way it sounds in your language, or you could express its meaning as a name. Alternate translation: “was from Scorpion Pass”
-1:36	qr2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠הַ⁠סֶּ֖לַע	1	The word **Sela** also means "cliff." Alternate translation: “from the cliff”
+1:36	qr2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	מֵ⁠הַ⁠סֶּ֖לַע	1	The word **Sela** also means "cliff," so this could be a geographic description rather than a proper name. Alternate translation: “from the cliff”
 2:intro	mf6a				0	# Judges 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n- Verses 1–5: The angel of Yahweh appears to the Israelites at Bokim\n- Verses 6–10: Review: the Israelites worshiped and obeyed Yahweh during the lifetimes of Joshua and the elders\n- Verses 11–23: The Israelites disobeyed Yahweh and worshiped other gods afterwards, so Yahweh let other nations conquer them\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Joshua reappears in the story after it tells how he died\n\nIn Judges 2:6–9, the author repeats Joshua 24:28-31 to remind readers how the people of Israel served Yahweh faithfully when they first arrived in the land of Canaan. This is background information. After these verses, the main story of the book of Judges begins. It is about how the Israelites then worshiped other gods, but Yahweh repeatedly brought them back to himself and delivered them from their enemies when they repented. It may seem strange for the book to speak of Joshua doing something, since it begins “after the death of Joshua.” So you can translate this in a way that shows that the author is providing background information by describing something that happened in the past. See the note at 2:6 for a specific suggestion.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nIn this chapter, the author uses the word “fathers” several times to mean “ancestors.” He is not speaking of the immediate male parents of the Israelites, but of the generations who lived before them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Symbolic action\n\nIn this chapter, the author speaks of the Israelites bowing down to idols that represented foreign gods. This was a symbolic action that constituted a public act of worship, so it represented a definitive expression of allegiance to those gods. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. When the book says that the Israelites bowed down to foreign gods, you could say, for example, that they “worshiped them by bowing down to them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-symaction]])
 2:1	tt9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה	1	The phrase **the angel of Yahweh** could mean: (1) “an angel who represented Yahweh” (2) Yahweh himself, who looked like an angel as he talked to the Israelites. Either one of these meanings would explain the angel’s use of “I” as if Yahweh himself were talking. In your translation, use the words you have already been using for “angel” and “Yahweh” in the phrase **the angel of Yahweh**. This will allow for different interpretations of that phrase. Alternate translation: “an angel from Yahweh” or “an angel sent by Yahweh” or “Yahweh, who looked like an angel,”
 2:1	x66i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	הַ⁠בֹּכִ֑ים	1	The word **Bokim** is the name of a place. The Israelites actually give the place this name at the end of this episode, in [2:5](../02/05.md), but the author is using it here because his readers knew the place by that name. See the UST for one way to handle this issue.
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 3:10	l4lh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ בְּ⁠יָד֔⁠וֹ אֶת־כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתַ֖יִם מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם	1	The author is speaking of Cushan-Rishathaim to mean that king and his whole army. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh gave him the power to defeat the army of Cushan-Rishathaim, the king of Aram”
 3:10	j099		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וַ⁠תָּ֣עָז יָד֔⁠וֹ עַ֖ל כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתָֽיִם	1	This is a common expression that means that Othniel won the battle against this king because his forces were more powerful. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “So he prevailed against Cushan-Rishathaim”
 3:11	svg9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וַ⁠תִּשְׁקֹ֥ט הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה	1	The author is speaking as if the **land** on which the Israelites lived were a living thing that **rested** after a foreign occupier was driven away. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And there were no more wars for 40 years”
-3:12	l914		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה	1	See how you translated the same expression in [2:11](../02/11.md) and [3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment”
+3:12	l914		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הָ⁠רַ֖ע בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה	1	See how you translated the same expression in [2:11](../02/11.md) and [3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment”
 3:12	j100		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	וַ⁠יְחַזֵּ֨ק יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־עֶגְל֤וֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־מוֹאָב֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֛ל כִּֽי־עָשׂ֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠רַ֖ע בְּ⁠עֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה	1	If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “So because the Israelites did evil in his eyes, Yahweh strengthened Eglon, the king of Moab, against them”
 3:12	s1wn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יְחַזֵּ֨ק יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־עֶגְל֤וֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־מוֹאָב֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	The author is speaking of **Eglon** to mean that king and his army. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh enabled Eglon to build a strong army to attack Israel”
 3:12	z23q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	אֶת־עֶגְל֤וֹן	1	The word **Eglon** is the name of a man.
@@ -653,6 +653,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 8:10	p2iw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ⁠הַ⁠נֹּ֣פְלִ֔ים	1	See how you translated the similar expression in [3:25](../03/25.md). Alternate translation: “and the ones who had died”
 8:10	mz6t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אִ֖ישׁ שֹׁ֥לֵֽף חָֽרֶב	1	The author is using this phrase to mean soldiers, by association with the way that soldiers at this time drew swords in order to fight battles. Alternate translation: “soldiers”
 8:11	j332		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	הַ⁠שְּׁכוּנֵ֣י בָֽ⁠אֳהָלִ֔ים	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones who live in tents”
+8:11	ub09		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	דֶּ֚רֶךְ הַ⁠שְּׁכוּנֵ֣י בָֽ⁠אֳהָלִ֔ים	1	The author is using the phrase **the road of the {ones} lodged in tents** to describe a caravan road, by association with the way that caravan travelers stayed on this road for many days, pitching their tents alongside the road to sleep at night. Alternate translation: “the caravan road”
 8:11	j333		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	מִ⁠קֶּ֥דֶם לְ⁠נֹ֖בַח וְ⁠יָגְבֳּהָ֑ה	1	The author does not mean that Gideon traveled **from** the east **to** Nobah and Jogbehah. He is using a characteristic expression to describe the location of one place relative to two other places. He means that from where Gideon was along this road, if one went **to Jobah and Jogbehah**, one would approach those towns **from the east**. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “to the east of Nobah and Jogbehah”
 8:11	jbu9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	לְ⁠נֹ֖בַח וְ⁠יָגְבֳּהָ֑ה	1	The words **Nobah** and **Jogbehah** are the names of towns.
 8:11	j335		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	וַ⁠יַּךְ֙ אֶת־הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֔ה וְ⁠הַֽ⁠מַּחֲנֶ֖ה הָ֥יָה בֶֽטַח	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **security**, you could express the same idea in another way. Here, as in [8:10](../08/10.md), the author is using the word **camp** to mean the soldiers in the camp. Alternate translation: “And he struck the camp while the soldiers were feeling secure”
@@ -790,7 +791,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 9:16	j406		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	וְ⁠עַתָּ֗ה אִם־בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַ⁠תַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וְ⁠אִם־טוֹבָ֤ה עֲשִׂיתֶם֙ עִם־יְרֻבַּ֣עַל וְ⁠עִם־בֵּית֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠אִם־כִּ⁠גְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖י⁠ו עֲשִׂ֥יתֶם לֽ⁠וֹ	1	In verses 16–19, Jotham is describing a condition in which a second event should take place only if a first event has taken place. He makes a series of “if” statements in verses 16 and 19 (suggesting in verses 17 and 18 that these statements are not actually true), and then in the second half of verse 19 he says what the lords of Shechem should do if they have done what he has described. These verses are all one long sentence. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could translate them as a series of shorter sentences. Alternate translation: “So now, suppose you have acted in truth and in integrity and made Abimelek reign. Suppose you have done good with Jerubaal and with his house. Suppose that according to the deserving of his hands you have done to him.”
 9:16	ayq2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	וְ⁠עַתָּ֗ה אִם & עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם	1	Jotham has finished telling the story of the trees, and he is using the expression **So now** to introduce his explanation of the implications of the story. You could indicate this more explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Now this is how my story applies to you: if you have acted”
 9:16	j407		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	אִם־בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַ⁠תַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **truth** and **integrity**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “if you have acted truly and genuinely and made Abimelek reign”
-9:16	j408		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	אִם־בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַ⁠תַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ	1	Jotham is expressing a single idea by using two phrases connected with **and**. Alternate translation: “in complete integrity”
+9:16	j408		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙	1	Jotham is expressing a single idea by using two phrases connected with **and**. Alternate translation: “in complete integrity”
 9:16	j409		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אִם־בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַ⁠תַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ	1	In his explanation of the parable, Jotham carries the implications of the idea of **truth** one step farther than in the parable. That term refers to faithfully fulfilling relational responsibilities towards another person. In a sense, just as the trees were not doing right by the thornbush by anointing it king just because the other trees refused, so the lords of Shechem are not doing right by Abimelek by supporting his murderous plot to become king. They should have encouraged him to be honest and humble and peaceful instead. But the person they are most significantly not doing right by is Gideon. Jotham will develop this idea at length in the verses that follow. You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “if you have really been fair to Gideon by making Abimelek reign”
 9:16	j410		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֤ת וּ⁠בְ⁠תָמִים֙	1	The terms **truth** and **integrity** mean similar things. Jotham is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “with complete sincerity”
 9:16	nu7n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	בֵּית֔⁠וֹ	1	Here, **house** means all the people descended from a particular person. Alternate translation: “his descendants”
@@ -1042,7 +1043,7 @@ front:intro	v8pn				0	# Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
 11:26	h61t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	וּ⁠מַדּ֥וּעַ לֹֽא־הִצַּלְתֶּ֖ם בָּ⁠עֵ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽיא	1	The messengers are using the question form for emphasis. If a speaker of your language would not use the question form for that purpose, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “but you did not deliver during that time!”
 11:26	pu9w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular	לֹֽא־הִצַּלְתֶּ֖ם	1	The word **you** is plural here because the messengers are asking why none of the Ammonites tried to recapture the land during the time they are describing. If your language marks that distinction, you could use the plural form in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of indicating this. Alternate translation: “did you Ammonites not deliver”
 11:27	aei3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠אַתָּ֞ה עֹשֶׂ֥ה אִתִּ֛⁠י רָעָ֖ה	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wrong**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “but you are doing to me what is wrong”
-11:28	j533		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔ע	1	See how you translated the word “listen” in [11:17](../11/17.md). It has the same meaning here. Alternate translation: “But … did not agree not to fight after he heard”
+11:28	j533		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔ע &  אֶל	1	See how you translated the word “listen” in [11:17](../11/17.md). It has the same meaning here. Alternate translation: “But … did not agree not to fight after he heard”
 11:28	j534		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	דִּבְרֵ֣י יִפְתָּ֔ח אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלַ֖ח אֵלָֽי⁠ו	1	The author is using the term **words** to represent what Jephthah said by using words. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the message that Jephthah sent to him”
 11:29	j535		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	 וַ⁠תְּהִ֤י עַל־יִפְתָּח֙ ר֣וּחַ יְהוָ֔ה	1	See how you translated the similar expression about Othniel in [3:10](../03/10.md). Alternate translation: “Then the Spirit of Yahweh powerfully influenced Jephthah”
 11:29	dq1c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וַ⁠יַּעֲבֹ֥ר אֶת־הַ⁠גִּלְעָ֖ד וְ⁠אֶת־מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה	1	The author means implicitly that Jephthah **passed through** these areas to summon Israelite men to fight, as Barak did in [4:10](../04/10.md) and Gideon did in [6:34–35](../06/0341.md). You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he passed through Gilead and Manasseh summoning troops to fight against the Ammonites”