Merge tracypreslar-tc-create-1 into master by tracypreslar (#3564)

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@ -262,7 +262,6 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
2:26 bbuw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “communicating peaceably”
2:26 gnsw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
2:27 bwd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֶעְבְּרָ֣ה & אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר 1 Moses is speaking on behalf of all the Israelites, so he uses the singular pronouns **me** and **I** here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use plural pronouns.
2:27 wu1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular בְ⁠אַרְצֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The word **your** is singular here because it refers to King Sihon.
2:27 cp9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְ⁠אַרְצֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 Moses is using the possessive form to describe the **land** that King Sihon rules over. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression. Alternate translation: “the land that you rule over”
2:27 gytl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בַּ⁠דֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר יָמִ֥ין וּ⁠שְׂמֹֽאול 1 These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second sentence emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the sentences with a word that shows that, in the new sentence, the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “On the road I will go. Indeed, I will not turn right or left”
2:27 bpdc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure בַּ⁠דֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ 1 By beginning the sentence with **On the road**, Moses is emphasizing that he will only **go** by traveling upon the road and not off of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word order or phrase that clarifies this information. Alternate translation: “I will go on the road only”
@ -389,7 +388,6 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
3:20 ac2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠עֵ֣בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The implication is that the land **across the Jordan** is on the west. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “west of the Jordan River”
3:20 xkx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִֽ⁠ירֻשָּׁת֔⁠וֹ 1 The implication is that the **inheritance** is the land that Moses allotted to each family. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to his land”
3:20 s3hn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠שַׁבְתֶּ֗ם 1 Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “Only then are you to return.”
3:21 s2lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עֵינֶ֣י⁠ךָ & אַתָּ֖ה 1 The words **you** and **your** are singular here because they refer to Joshua.
3:21 xd1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵינֶ֣י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **eyes** represent the whole person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You yourself”
3:21 p9pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִ⁠שְׁנֵי֙ הַ⁠מְּלָכִ֣ים הָ⁠אֵ֔לֶּה 1 Here, the term **these two kings** refers to King Sihon and King Og, whom the Israelites defeated. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to these two kings, Sihon and Og”
3:21 d7dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָֽׁמָּ⁠ה 1 Here, the word **there** refers to all of the land that Yahweh promised to give to the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “in the land that he will give you”
@ -398,7 +396,6 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
3:22 o5gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ה֖וּא הַ⁠נִּלְחָ֥ם 1 For emphasis, Moses is stating the pronoun **himself**, whose meaning is already included in the verb **fight**. Moses uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that Yahweh will fight for the Israelites. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. The ULT does so by using the intensive pronoun **himself**. Alternate translation: “it is he who will fight”
3:23 d3fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of doing that in your own language.
3:24 z9tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person עַבְדְּ⁠ךָ֔ 1 Here, Moses is referring to himself as **your servant**, which is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “me, your servant,”
3:24 bulf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתָּ֤ה & עַבְדְּ⁠ךָ֔ & אֶ֨ת־גָּדְלְ⁠ךָ֔ וְ⁠אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ הַ⁠חֲזָקָ֑ה & כְ⁠מַעֲשֶׂ֖י⁠ךָ וְ⁠כִ⁠גְבוּרֹתֶֽ⁠ךָ 1 Here, the pronouns **you** and **your** are singular because they refer to Yahweh.
3:24 rgyp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אֶ֨ת־גָּדְלְ⁠ךָ֔ וְ⁠אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ הַ⁠חֲזָקָ֑ה 1 The terms **greatness** and **strong hand** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your powerful greatness”
3:24 idr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ הַ⁠חֲזָקָ֑ה 1 Here, **hand** represents Yahwehs power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your strong power”
3:24 qkn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִי־אֵל֙ בַּ⁠שָּׁמַ֣יִם וּ⁠בָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה כְ⁠מַעֲשֶׂ֖י⁠ךָ וְ⁠כִ⁠גְבוּרֹתֶֽ⁠ךָ 1 Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God, and only he has the power to do the works he has done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “No god in heaven or in earth could do works as your works and as your mighty deeds.”
@ -410,9 +407,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
3:27 s4i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy רֹ֣אשׁ 1 Here, **head** represents the top of something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the peak of”
3:27 qm9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַ⁠פִּסְגָּ֗ה 1 The word **Pisgah** is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this is in [verse 17](../03/17.md).
3:27 rbsz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠שָׂ֥א עֵינֶ֛י⁠ךָ 1 Here, the term **lift up your eyes** means “look.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an expression from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and gaze”
3:27 deul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עֲלֵ֣ה & וְ⁠שָׂ֥א עֵינֶ֛י⁠ךָ & וּ⁠רְאֵ֣ה בְ⁠עֵינֶ֑י⁠ךָ & לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר 1 The command forms and the words **you** and **your** are singular here because they refer to Moses.
3:27 a7ag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠רְאֵ֣ה בְ⁠עֵינֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Yahweh uses the phrase **look with your eyes** to emphasize that Moses will only see but not enter the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And you may only look with your eyes”
3:28 x7d3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וְ⁠צַ֥ו & וְ⁠חַזְּקֵ֣⁠הוּ וְ⁠אַמְּצֵ֑⁠הוּ & תִּרְאֶֽה 1 The command forms and the word **you** are singular here because they refer to Moses.
3:28 swy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְ⁠חַזְּקֵ֣⁠הוּ וְ⁠אַמְּצֵ֑⁠הוּ 1 The terms **encourage** and **strengthen** mean similar things. Yahweh is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and greatly strengthen him”
3:28 qi30 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ 1 Here, **faces** represent the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
3:28 lo1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וְ⁠הוּא֙ יַנְחִ֣יל אוֹתָ֔⁠ם 1 Yahweh uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that Joshua will enable the Israelite people to conquer the land instead of Moses. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “and it is he who will cause them to inherit”
@ -710,7 +705,6 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
5:33 gk5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠הַאֲרַכְתֶּ֣ם יָמִ֔ים בָּ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 The implication is that if the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will **prolong** the **days** when they live **in the land**. Moses is speaking of time as if it were an experience that one could **prolong**. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. See how you translated this concept in [4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “and for many generations you might live in the land" \n\n
6:intro q4y8 0 # Deuteronomy 6 General Notes\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-9: The great commandment\n- vv. 6-25: Warnings against disobedience\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Yahwehs blessings\nYahwehs continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the peoples obedience to the law of Moses. When the Israelites agreed to the covenant with Yahweh, they acknowledged that worshiping and obeying Yahweh would lead to blessings, while disobeying him and worshiping other gods would lead to curses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n### The Shema\nVerses 6-9 are known as the Shema in Judaism. They are an important foundation of Judaism. In [Mark 12:28-29](Mrk/12/28.md), Jesus identifies the Shema as the greatest commandment.\n\n### Writing Yahwehs Words on Ones Arms, Forehead, and Doorposts\n\n[Verses 8-9](../06/08.md) command the Israelites always to remember Yahwehs words. There are different understandings of these commands. Some Jewish traditions interpret these verses as meaning the Israelites should physically write copies of the law. Others believe that the command is to memorize and cherish the law. Translators should be careful to translate the passage as it is, without favoring one interpretation or the other in their translation.\n\n## Other Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### Words for "the law"\n- statutes\n- ordinances\n- judgments\nMoses uses three different words to refer to the law that Yahweh commanded the Israelites to obey. It is unclear what distinguishes each of these terms from the others. If your language has several terms for the law, you could use them here to differentiate between the various Hebrew words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])\n\n### “You”\n\nMoses is speaking to all the Israelites who are alive. Unless otherwise noted, the pronouns “you” and “your” are singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
6:1 it53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠מִּצְוָ֗ה הַֽ⁠חֻקִּים֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים 1 See how you translated these terms for the law in [5:31](../05/31.md).
6:1 h4en rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֱלֹהֵי⁠כֶ֖ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶ֑ם & אַתֶּ֛ם 1 In this verse, the pronouns **you** and **your** are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
6:1 kdbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis צִוָּ֛ה 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh commanded Moses is implied by the events which Moses described in the previous chapter. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “has commanded me”
6:1 z6zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo בָּ⁠אָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם עֹבְרִ֥ים שָׁ֖מָּ⁠ה לְ⁠רִשְׁתָּֽ⁠הּ 1 The expression **the land which you are going over to possess it** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “in the land you are going over to possess”
6:1 ymp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹבְרִ֥ים שָׁ֖מָּ⁠ה 1 The implication is that the Israelites must cross the Jordan River in order to go to the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “are crossing over the Jordan River”
@ -816,16 +810,13 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
7:4 pmgv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בִּנְ⁠ךָ֙ 1 In this verse, the word **son** is singular in form, but it refers to all descendants of the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “your offspring”
7:4 rsx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אַף 1 Here, **nose** represents anger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a body part from your language that is associated with anger or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the anger of”
7:4 v0pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠חָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּ⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠הִשְׁמִידְ⁠ךָ֖ מַהֵֽר 1 Moses is speaking as if Yahwehs anger were a fire that could **burn** and **destroy**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will rage against you and rapidly exterminate you”
7:5 m2rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תַעֲשׂוּ֙ & תִּתֹּ֔צוּ & תְּשַׁבֵּ֑רוּ & תְּגַדֵּע֔וּ⁠ן 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
7:5 u6w9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠מַצֵּבֹתָ֖⁠ם תְּשַׁבֵּ֑רוּ 1 The people groups in the land built stone **pillars** as symbols of their god Baal. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and smash their sacred stone pillars”
7:5 u2o4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠אֲשֵֽׁירֵ⁠הֶם֙ תְּגַדֵּע֔וּ⁠ן 1 The people groups in the land made wooden **poles** to worship their goddess, **Asherah**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and cut their wooden poles symbolizing the goddess Asherah to pieces”
7:6 bdz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י 1 The word translated as **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because”
7:6 uqx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָ⁠אֲדָמָֽה 1 Here, **face** represents the surface of the earth and everything that exists on it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are anywhere on the earth”
7:7 y5fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular מֵֽ⁠רֻבְּ⁠כֶ֞ם & בָּ⁠כֶ֖ם & בָּ⁠כֶ֑ם & אַתֶּ֥ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
7:7 if5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast לֹ֣א & כִּֽי 1 Moses uses the words **not** and **for** here to indicate a strong contrast. Yahweh could have chosen a numerous people group, but he did not do that. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not for the reason … but rather,”
7:7 o06l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole אַתֶּ֥ם הַ⁠מְעַ֖ט מִ⁠כָּל־הָ⁠עַמִּֽים 1 Moses says **fewest of all the peoples** here as an extreme statement for emphasis. The Israelites were most likely not the smallest people group. Moses means that they were insignificant compared to other people groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “you were insignificant compared to the other peoples”
7:8 zl86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי֩ 1 The word translated as **but** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
7:8 fd2o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם & לַ⁠אֲבֹ֣תֵי⁠כֶ֔ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶ֖ם & וַֽ⁠יִּפְדְּ⁠ךָ֙ 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
7:8 l7na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַ⁠אֲבֹ֣תֵי⁠כֶ֔ם 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your predecessors”
7:8 j4hq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֑ה & מִ⁠יַּ֖ד 1 Here, the word **hand** represents power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with mighty strength … from the control of”
7:8 xtl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֔ים 1 Moses speaks of the nation of Egypt as if it were a **house** where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](Exo/13/03.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the place where you were slaves”
@ -857,7 +848,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
7:16 xbj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֔⁠ךְ 1 Here **give** means “allow to conquer.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will cause you to defeat”
7:16 aia1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס עֵֽינְ⁠ךָ֖ עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֑ם 1 Here **eye** represents the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them”
7:16 aoch rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
7:16 yvn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽ⁠ךְ 1 Moses compares idolatry to a **snare** that one cannot escape; it is very difficult to turn away from idols once one becomes distracted by them and ceases worshiping Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will be like a snare for you because you will keep on serving their gods”
7:16 yvn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מוֹקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽ⁠ךְ 1 Moses is speaking of someone worshiping idols as if they were an animal caught in a hunters **snare**. Moses is saying that idolatry leads to certain destruction, just like a trapped animal faces destruction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will be like a snare for you because you will keep on serving their gods”
7:17 t4z5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo כִּ֤י תֹאמַר֙ 1 Moses is using the word **If** to introduce a hypothetical situation to encourage the Israelites. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “You might say”
7:17 bsr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תֹאמַר֙ בִּ⁠לְבָ֣בְ⁠ךָ֔ 1 Here, **say in your heart** is an idiom that means “think” or “say to yourself.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you say to yourself”
7:17 pn9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵיכָ֥ה אוּכַ֖ל לְ⁠הוֹרִישָֽׁ⁠ם 1 Moses is using the question form to illustrate how the Israelites might be afraid of the other nations. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I will not be able to dispossess them.”
@ -870,7 +861,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
7:19 ph4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּ֤ד הַ⁠חֲזָקָה֙ 1 Here the word **hand** represents Yahwehs power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the mighty power”
7:19 djs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠הַ⁠זְּרֹ֣עַ הַ⁠נְּטוּיָ֔ה 1 Here, **arm** refers to Yahwehs power. Moses speaks as if stretching out an arm were the act of showing power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the active strength”
7:19 en3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go הוֹצִֽאֲ⁠ךָ֖ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “took” instead of **brought**. Alternate translation: “took you out”
7:19 nng5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 Moses is using **faces** to represent people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “of them
7:19 nng5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אַתָּ֥ה יָרֵ֖א מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 Moses is using **faces** to represent people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are afraid
7:20 xr3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֔ה 1 A **hornet** is a stinging insect. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of insect, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “stinging insects”
7:20 sji2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֔ה יְשַׁלַּ֛ח & בָּ֑⁠ם 1 This could mean: (1) God will cause the people to become terrified and want to run away. Alternate translation: “will cause them to feel terror” (2) God will send flying insects that sting people and cause pain.
7:20 w9sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
@ -897,14 +888,12 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
7:25 su6c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔⁠וֹ 1 The gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them because the precious metals are attractive. Moses compares idol worship to a trap because it is very difficult to stop once you start worshiping idols. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this concept in [verse 16](../07/16.md). Alternate translation: “you start worshiping the idols and cannot stop”
7:25 vdp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ בּ֔⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it entraps you”
7:25 z31g rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֧י 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
7:25 kbbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֶ֔חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents _____. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “text”
7:26 leby rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תֽוֹעֵבָה֙ 1 Here, the specific type of **abomination** that Moses is referring to is an idol. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “any abomination of an idol”
7:26 hmcx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הָיִ֥יתָ חֵ֖רֶם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and God curses you”
7:26 b8dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛⁠נּוּ וְ⁠תַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖⁠נּוּ 1 The terms **detest** and **abhor** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “You shall completely and utterly detest it”
7:26 eeub rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שַׁקֵּ֧ץ ׀ תְּשַׁקְּצֶ֛⁠נּוּ וְ⁠תַעֵ֥ב ׀ תְּֽתַעֲבֶ֖⁠נּוּ 1 The phrases **Detesting, you shall detest it** and **abhorring, you shall abhor it** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
7:26 xs75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
8:intro w4zj 0 # Deuteronomy 8 General Notes\n\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-10: Moses reminds the Israelites of Yahwehs provision for them in the desert\n- vv. 11-20: Moses warns the Israelites to remember Yahweh\n\n\n## Structure\n\n\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Forgetting\n\n\nMoses reminds the living Israelites about all the miracles that Yahweh did for them to bring them out of Egypt and survive in the wilderness. In the wilderness, the Israelites complained and grumbled. It was easy for them to forget what Yahweh did for them and disobey Yahweh. As a result, Yahweh punished that generation by causing them to die in the wilderness without entering the land. The living Israelites are the children of that generation. Moses is warning them not to make the same mistakes as their parents did. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/Israel]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### “You”\n\nEven though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, you and your are singular in this chapter unless otherwise noted. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
8:1 zvt4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תִּשְׁמְר֣וּ⁠ן & תִּֽחְי֜וּ⁠ן וּ⁠רְבִיתֶ֗ם וּ⁠בָאתֶם֙ וִֽ⁠ירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם & לַ⁠אֲבֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 The words **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
8:1 v0kt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys תִּשְׁמְר֣וּ⁠ן לַ⁠עֲשׂ֑וֹת 1 The two words **keep** and **doing** express a single idea. The word **keep** describes the act of doing. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “You shall faithfully do”
8:1 rbf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תִּשְׁמְר֣וּ⁠ן 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more infromation about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “Keep”
8:1 s002 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְמַ֨עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks what follows as the goal or purpose of what comes before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
@ -963,9 +952,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
8:18 in9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 The implication is that at the same time that Moses is speaking to the Israelites, Yahweh is fulfilling the covenant. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as he is doing now”
8:19 w9hk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שָׁכֹ֤חַ תִּשְׁכַּח֙ & אָבֹ֖ד תֹּאבֵדֽוּ⁠ן 1 Moses is repeating the verbs **forget** and **perish** in order to intensify the idea that they express. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “you indeed forget … you will indeed perish”
8:19 sdv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠הָֽלַכְתָּ֗ אַחֲרֵי֙ 1 Here, **walk after** means “worship.” Moses is speaking of worshiping idols as if they were walking behind them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and serve”
8:19 aakp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וַ⁠עֲבַדְתָּ֖⁠ם וְ⁠הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֣יתָ & בָ⁠כֶם֙ & תֹּאבֵדֽוּ⁠ן 1 Here, **you** and the verbs are plural in form. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
8:19 rd16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformulas הַעִדֹ֤תִי בָ⁠כֶם֙ 1 The phrase **I testify against you** is an oath formula used as a strong warning. Use a natural way in your language to express a strong warning. Alternate translation: “I promise you”
8:20 d86j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֔ם & תֹאבֵד֑וּ⁠ן & תִשְׁמְע֔וּ⁠ן & אֱלֹהֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 The words **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
8:20 a8kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֔ם 1 Here, the word **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
8:20 l9hm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֣א תִשְׁמְע֔וּ⁠ן בְּ⁠ק֖וֹל 1 Here the word **listen** means to listen and obey. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you would not obey the voice of”
8:20 l83x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠ק֖וֹל 1 Here, **voice** represents the words that Yahweh spoke, which include his commands. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “to the words of”
@ -1014,13 +1001,11 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
9:8 rwk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם & בָּ⁠כֶ֖ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:9 l9d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לוּחֹ֣ת הַ⁠בְּרִ֔ית 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **the tablets** on which Yahweh wrote **the covenant**, specifically, the words of the Ten Commandments. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression to describe a tablet with writing on it. Alternate translation: “the tablets that had the words of the covenant on them”
9:9 sae8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַ⁠בְּרִ֔ית אֲשֶׁר־כָּרַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה 1 To **cut** a **covenant** means to make a covenant. The phrase refers to ancient rituals around making covenants, which is illustrated in [Genesis 15](Gen/15/01.md). See the imagery and how you translated there. Alternate translation: “the covenant that Yahweh made”
9:9 bm04 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עִמָּ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:9 gpng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔לְתִּי וּ⁠מַ֖יִם לֹ֥א שָׁתִֽיתִי 1 The implication is that Moses chose to go without food or water while he was on the mountain. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “bread I chose not to eat and water I chose not to drink”
9:9 f7i3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֶ֚חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “food”
9:10 e2t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כְּתֻבִ֖ים בְּ⁠אֶצְבַּ֣ע אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 If your language does not use the passive form **written**, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on which the finger of God wrote”
9:10 ozko rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כְּתֻבִ֖ים בְּ⁠אֶצְבַּ֣ע אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 The implication is that it was God who wrote on the stone, not Moses. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “written by the finger of God himself”
9:10 hv86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כְּֽ⁠כָל־הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֡ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה עִמָּ⁠כֶ֥ם בָּ⁠הָ֛ר מִ⁠תּ֥וֹךְ הָ⁠אֵ֖שׁ בְּ⁠י֥וֹם הַ⁠קָּהָֽל 1 This refers to the events of [Exodus 19](Exo/19/01.md), when the Israelites gathered at the base of Mount Sinai while Moses went to the top. There, Yahweh told Moses all the commandments from a fire at the top of Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “was according to all the words that Yahweh spoke to you from the fire on the top of the mountain while you were gathered at the base of the mountain”
9:10 cq6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עִמָּ⁠כֶ֥ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:11 a75b rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent וַ⁠יְהִ֗י 1 Moses is using the word translated as **And it happened** to introduce a new event in the story. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Then”
9:11 je7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לֻח֥וֹת הַ⁠בְּרִֽית 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **the tablets** on which Yahweh wrote **the covenant**, specifically, the words of the Ten Commandments. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression to describe a tablet with writing on it. Alternate translation: “the tablets that had the words of the covenant on them”
9:12 pf05 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes וַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗⁠י ק֣וּם רֵ֤ד מַהֵר֙ מִ⁠זֶּ֔ה כִּ֚י שִׁחֵ֣ת עַמְּ⁠ךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצֵ֖אתָ מִ⁠מִּצְרָ֑יִם סָ֣רוּ מַהֵ֗ר מִן־הַ⁠דֶּ֨רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּיתִ֔⁠ם עָשׂ֥וּ לָ⁠הֶ֖ם מַסֵּכָֽה 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh commanded me to leave the mountain because you had turned aside from his path and made a cast figure for yourselves”
@ -1044,10 +1029,8 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
9:15 ft91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וְ⁠הָ⁠הָ֖ר בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּ⁠אֵ֑שׁ 1 The expression **burning in the fire** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “and there was fire on the mountain”
9:15 ex8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לֻחֹ֣ת הַ⁠בְּרִ֔ית 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **the tablets** on which Yahweh wrote **the covenant**, specifically, the words of the Ten Commandments. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression to describe a tablet with writing on it. Alternate translation: “the tablets that had the words of the covenant on them”
9:15 lyj0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo שְׁתֵּ֥י יָדָֽ⁠י 1 The expression **two hands** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “my hands”
9:16 g65g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular חֲטָאתֶם֙ & אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶ֔ם עֲשִׂיתֶ֣ם לָ⁠כֶ֔ם & סַרְתֶּ֣ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:16 eok0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor סַרְתֶּ֣ם מַהֵ֔ר מִן־הַ⁠דֶּ֕רֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 See how you translated this metaphor in [verse 12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “You had rapidly disobeyed the commandments of Yahweh”
9:17 fr0u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וָֽ⁠אַשְׁלִכֵ֔⁠ם מֵ⁠עַ֖ל שְׁתֵּ֣י יָדָ֑⁠י 1 The expression **threw them out of my two hands** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “and threw them”
9:17 af08 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular לְ⁠עֵינֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 The possessive pronoun **your** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:17 tplx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְ⁠עֵינֵי⁠כֶֽם 1 Here, **eyes** represent the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as you observed” or "in your sight"
9:18 t6ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וָֽ⁠אֶתְנַפַּל֩ לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י יְהוָ֜ה 1 Here, **prostrated** refers to the act of bowing on the ground and lying prone. Here it is a symbolic action to worship and show submission. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “And I bowed before Yahweh in submission and lay prone on the ground”
9:18 xf6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵ֨י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
@ -1062,32 +1045,26 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
9:19 qh16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָ⁠אַף֙ 1 Here, **nose** represents anger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a body part from your language that is associated with anger or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the rage”
9:19 w1oh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הַ֣⁠חֵמָ֔ה 1 Here, **heat** refers to extreme anger, which causes the angry persons body to become hot. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the rage”
9:19 ivdv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָצַ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם לְ⁠הַשְׁמִ֣יד אֶתְ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The implication is that Yahweh was so **angry** with the Israelites that he wanted **to destroy** them. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh raged against you enough to eliminate you”
9:19 d212 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עֲלֵי⁠כֶ֖ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:19 fxku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יִּשְׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔⁠י 1 The implication is that Moses asked Yahweh not to destroy the Israelites and that **Yahweh listened to** him. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh listened to me when I asked him to have mercy on you”
9:19 f6y6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גַּ֖ם בַּ⁠פַּ֥עַם הַ⁠הִֽוא 1 This refers back to [5:23-28](../05/23.md), when Moses asked Yahweh if the Israelites could remain at the base of the mountain because they were afraid that they would die in the presence of Yahweh. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as he also listened to me when you asked me to speak to Yahweh on your behalf”
9:20 hevs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּֽ⁠בְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֗ן הִתְאַנַּ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה מְאֹ֖ד לְ⁠הַשְׁמִיד֑⁠וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh was so **angry** with Aaron for making the cast image calf that he wanted **to destroy** him. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh raged against Aaron and wanted to eliminate him”
9:20 siem rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וָֽ⁠אֶתְפַּלֵּ֛ל גַּם־בְּעַ֥ד אַהֲרֹ֖ן בָּ⁠עֵ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽוא 1 The implication is that Yahweh also listened to Moses prayer on behalf of Aaron. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And I interceded on behalf of Aaron, and Yahweh did not eliminate him”
9:21 n7ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular חַטַּאתְ⁠כֶ֞ם & עֲשִׂיתֶ֣ם 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:21 q095 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession חַטַּאתְ⁠כֶ֞ם 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **sin** that the Israelites had committed by making the cast-image calf. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression to describe an idol. Alternate translation: “your wicked creation”
9:22 n8jq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names וּ⁠בְ⁠תַבְעֵרָה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠מַסָּ֔ה וּ⁠בְ⁠קִבְרֹ֖ת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה 1 **Taberah**, **Massah**, and **Kibroth Hattaavaare** are names of places that the Israelites traveled through in the wilderness.
9:22 yl7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠בְ⁠תַבְעֵרָה֙ 1 This refers to [Numbers 11:1-3](Num/11/01.md), when the Israelites complained about their travels in the wilderness. Yahweh caused fire to burn on some parts of the camp because the Israelites were ungrateful. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And at Taberah, when you complained against Yahweh,”
9:22 yrsh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠בְ⁠מַסָּ֔ה 1 This refers to the events of [Exodus 17:1-7](Exo/17/01.md), when the Israelites complained that Yahweh wanted to kill them because they had no water. In the end, Yahweh provided water for the Israelites to drink. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and at Massah, where you complained of thirst,”
9:22 wesu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠בְ⁠קִבְרֹ֖ת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה 1 This refers to the events of [Numbers 11:1-34](Num/11/01.md), when the Israelites complained that they were tired of eating manna. They said that they preferred the food in Egypt. As a result, Yahweh sent quail to feed the Israelites. Yahweh also punished the ungrateful Israelites by sending a plague that killed some of the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and at Kibroth Hattaavah, where you complained about the manna”
9:22 tdds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular הֱיִיתֶ֖ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:23 sm0t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁלֹ֨חַ יְהוָ֜ה אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם מִ⁠קָּדֵ֤שׁ בַּרְנֵ֨עַ֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר עֲלוּ֙ וּ⁠רְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לָ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh sent you from Kadesh Barnea and commanded you to go up and take possession of the land that he has given to you”
9:23 hgwo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֶתְ⁠כֶ֗ם & עֲלוּ֙ וּ⁠רְשׁ֣וּ & לָ⁠כֶ֑ם & אֱלֹ֣הֵי⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠לֹ֤א הֶֽאֱמַנְתֶּם֙ ל֔⁠וֹ וְ⁠לֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם 1 The pronouns **you**, and **your**, and the command forms here, are all plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:23 bap1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of doing that in your own language.
9:23 xz23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֲלוּ֙ 1 The Israelites were camping in a valley and had to **Go up** in order to enter the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Go up from the valley”
9:23 dxq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֤י 1 Here, **mouth** refers to Yahwehs commands and what he says to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the command of”
9:23 tbr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠לֹ֤א הֶֽאֱמַנְתֶּם֙ ל֔⁠וֹ 1 The Israelites disobeyed Yahweh because they did not believe that Yahweh would fulfill his promise to give them the land. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because you did not believe him”
9:23 ll0o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠לֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם 1 Here, the word **listen** means to listen and obey. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you did not obey”
9:23 bfb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֹלֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, **voice** represents the words Yahweh spoke, including his commandments. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “to his commandments”
9:24 r243 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular הֱיִיתֶ֖ם & אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:25 u8pe rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וָֽ⁠אֶתְנַפַּ֞ל לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣ת אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַ⁠יּ֛וֹם וְ⁠אֶת־אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַ⁠לַּ֖יְלָה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי כִּֽי־אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לְ⁠הַשְׁמִ֥יד אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 In this verse, Moses repeats what he said in [verse 18](../09/18.md) and continues his speech. If the connection between this statement and the previous one is not clear, you may want to use a connecting word to show how this statement relates to what came before it. Use a natural form in your language for connecting this statement to the previous one. Alternate translation: “And, again I tell you that I fell on my knees before the face of Yahweh 40 days and 40 nights, and I prostrated myself because Yahweh had said to destroy you”
9:25 fq4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וָֽ⁠אֶתְנַפַּ֞ל & הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי 1 Here, **prostrated** refers to the act of bowing to the ground and lying prone before an honored person. This is a symbolic action to worship and show submission. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “And I bowed down … I bowed down”
9:25 tka1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
9:25 o1tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לְ⁠הַשְׁמִ֥יד אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 The implication is that Yahweh said that he intended to eliminate all of the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh intended to eliminate all of you”
9:25 kk9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֶתְ⁠כֶֽם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
9:26 ki6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet עַמְּ⁠ךָ֙ וְ⁠נַחֲלָ֣תְ⁠ךָ֔ 1 The terms **your people** and **your inheritance** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your own people”
9:26 mct6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠גָדְלֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **greatness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “through your great miracles”
9:26 ifw2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה 1 Here **hand** represents Yahwehs power and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with might”
@ -1157,14 +1134,11 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
10:14 kf71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֵ֚ן 1 Moses is using the term **behold** to focus the Israelites attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Be aware”
10:14 ifm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession הַ⁠שָּׁמַ֖יִם וּ⁠שְׁמֵ֣י הַ⁠שָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 The possessive form is being used here to include all parts of the heavens, even the highest part. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use another form to indicate this height. Alternate translation: “all of the heavens, even to the highest part of heaven”
10:15 swp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast רַ֧ק 1 Moses uses the word **Only** here to indicate a strong contrast between Yahwehs authority over the universe and his love for the Israelites. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Nevertheless,”
10:15 jsmt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular בָּ⁠כֶ֛ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
10:15 yl3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠זֶּה 1 Moses means that, at the time of this speech to the Israelites, they are still Yahwehs chosen people. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “as you are his chosen people this day”
10:16 f72x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מַלְתֶּ֕ם אֵ֖ת עָרְלַ֣ת לְבַבְ⁠כֶ֑ם 1 Here Moses is speaking of physical circumcision as if it were moral goodness. Moses means that the Israelites should remove sin from their lives and obey Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall obey Yahweh”
10:16 u7kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וּ⁠מַלְתֶּ֕ם & וְ⁠עָ֨רְפְּ⁠כֶ֔ם & לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
10:16 rq4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וּ⁠מַלְתֶּ֕ם 1 See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more infromation about translating **shall**. Alternate translation: “And circumcise”
10:16 caiu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠עָ֨רְפְּ⁠כֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ 1 Here, **stiffen your necks** is an idiom that means “be stubborn” and “be rebellious.” The image comes from an animal that does not want to go the way his master is trying to direct him. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and do not be hard-hearted” or “and do not be rebellious”
10:17 tbk1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֚י 1 The word translated as **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do these things because”
10:17 t6lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אֱלֹֽהֵי⁠כֶ֔ם 1 The possessive pronoun **your** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
10:17 d6f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים 1 This does not mean that other gods worship Yahweh. Moses means that Yahweh is the one true God. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “the one true God”
10:17 m7kg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet הָ⁠אֵ֨ל הַ⁠גָּדֹ֤ל הַ⁠גִּבֹּר֙ 1 The terms **great** and **mighty** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “the very mighty God”
10:17 grna rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א פָנִ֔ים 1 Here, **lift up a face** is an idiom that means “be partial to someone.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “does not play favorites” or “judges everyone fairly”
@ -1172,7 +1146,6 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
10:18 rsq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט יָת֖וֹם וְ⁠אַלְמָנָ֑ה וְ⁠אֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר 1 This means that Yahweh makes sure that everyone is treated fairly. Yahweh does not show partiality towards **the fatherless, widow,** or **foreigner**. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “He makes a fair judgment for the fatherless and widow, and he cares for a foreigner”
10:18 em76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns יָת֖וֹם וְ⁠אַלְמָנָ֑ה וְ⁠אֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר לָ֥⁠תֶת ל֖⁠וֹ 1 The words **fatherless, widow**, and **foreigner** represent everyone in those groups in general, not one particular fatherless person, widow, or foreigner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “for anyone who is fatherless or a widow, and he loves all foreigners, giving to them”
10:18 fjrx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֶ֥חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “food”
10:19 fuc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וַ⁠אֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם & הֱיִיתֶ֖ם 1 The pronoun **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
10:19 tr94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַ⁠גֵּ֑ר 1 The word **foreigner** represents all foreigners in general, not one particular foreigner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any foreigner”
10:19 luze rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “since”
10:20 rd6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛י⁠ךָ תִּירָ֖א אֹת֣⁠וֹ תַעֲבֹ֑ד וּ⁠ב֣⁠וֹ תִדְבָּ֔ק וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁמ֖⁠וֹ תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the phrasing to emphasize that the Israelites should worship only Yahweh. See how you translated a similar verse in [6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “It is Yahweh your God and no one else whom you shall fear; it is he alone whom you shall worship, and it is to him whom you shall cling, and it is by his name only that you shall swear”

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