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@ -231,47 +231,73 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
8:6 xti1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠מַעֲשֵׂ֣י יָדֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **works of your hands** represent what Yahweh has created. Alternate translation: “the things that you made”
8:6 py2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כֹּ֝ל שַׁ֣תָּה תַֽחַת־רַגְלָֽי⁠ו 1 Having authority to rule others or control things is spoken of as having them **under** one’s **feet**. This means Yahweh gave people authority over all that he created. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you have given him authority over all things”
8:9 y339 0 This verse is exactly the same as the first half of [verse 1](../08/01.md). See how you translated there.
9:intro zq96 0 # Psalm 09 General Notes\n\n## Type of psalm\n\nPsalm 9 is a psalm of praise.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s protection\n\nGod is a protector. He is all-powerful and his enemies cannot withstand him.\n\n### Acrostic Psalm\n\nThis psalm along with Psalm 10 form an acrostic. Which means that each unit begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet.\n\n### One Psalm or two\n\nThis psalm has a superscription but Psalm 10 doesn’t. This fact and the acrostic nature of the two psalms has lead some scholars to believe these two psalms may have originally been written as one psalm.
9:1 xxu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nParallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:1 w9iy For the chief musician 0 Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship”
9:1 nqw5 set to Muth Labben 0 This may refer to a style of music.
9:1 lr4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person I will give thanks to Yahweh with my whole heart 0 Since this song is addressed to Yahweh, Yahweh can be referred to as “you.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh, I will give thanks to you with all my heart”
9:1 f4r1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns all your marvelous deeds 0 The noun “deeds” can be expressed with the verb “do.” Alternate translation: “all the marvelous things you do” or “all the marvelous things you have done”
9:2 vh6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will sing praise to your name 0 Here God’s name represents God. Alternate translation: “I will sing praise to you”
9:3 j685 turn back 0 Alternate translation: “retreat” or “flee in fear”
9:4 nvz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you sit on your throne, a righteous judge 0 Kings had authority to judge people, and they would sit on their throne when they judged. David speaks as if God were an earthly king. Alternate translation: “you judge like a king who sits on his throne, and you are righteous”
9:5 cw1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you have blotted out their name forever and ever 0 Causing people to be forgotten is spoken of as blotting out their name. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to be forgotten as if their name was blotted out” or “no one will ever remember them again”
9:5 bs94 blotted out 0 Alternate translation: “erased”
9:6 dj3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile The enemy crumbled like ruins 0 The enemy is spoken of as if it were a city full of broken down buildings. Alternate translation: “Our enemies were destroyed”
9:6 b9n1 when you overthrew their cities 0 Alternate translation: “when you destroyed their cities”
9:6 pi7j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor All remembrance of them has perished 0 Here “remembrance” is spoken of as if it were a living being that could die. Alternate translation: “All remembrance of them has stopped” or “There is no longer any remembrance of them”
9:6 c6yp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns All remembrance of them has perished 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **remembrance**, you could express the same idea with the verb “remember.” Alternate translation: “No one remembers them at all”
9:7 x7xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Yahweh remains forever 0 “Remain” probably represents sitting on the throne as king. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sits on his throne forever” or “Yahweh rules forever”
9:7 h8nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he has established his throne for justice 0 The phrase “his throne” represents God’s rule. This could mean: (1) “He rules in order to judge people” or (2) “He rules over people justly”
9:8 pgg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism He will judge the world with righteousness & he will execute judgment for the nations with fairness 0 These two clauses express the same meaning.
9:8 dz3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He will judge the world with righteousness 0 Here “the world” refers to all the people in the world. Alternate translation: “He will judge all the people of the world righteously”
9:9 y7hd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh also will be a stronghold for the oppressed 0 God is spoken of as if he were a place that people could go to for safety. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will also protect the oppressed” or “Yahweh will also provide safety for those who are oppressed”
9:10 mb1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Those who know your name 0 Here the words “your name” represent God. Alternate translation: “Those who know you”
9:10 dj61 do not abandon 0 Alternate translation: “do not forsake” or “do not leave”
9:11 nb7x who rules in Zion 0 Alternate translation: “who lives in Jerusalem”
9:11 i7js rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy tell the nations 0 Here “the nations” represents the people of the nations.
9:12 lcs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit For the God who avenges bloodshed remembers 0 What he remembers can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “For the God who avenges bloodshed remembers those who were killed” or “For God remembers those who were killed and he punishes the killers”
9:12 wk9a he does not forget the cry 0 Alternate translation: “He does not ignore the cry”
9:13 j8i9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive see how I am oppressed by those who hate me 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “see how those who hate me oppress me” or “see how badly my enemies treat me”
9:13 p41p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you who can snatch me from the gates of death 0 Death is spoken of as if it were a city that had gates through which people enter it. If someone is near the gates of death, it means that he will die soon. Keeping someone from dying is spoken of as taking him away from the gates of that city. Alternate translation: “you who can rescue me from death” or “you who can keep me from dying”
9:15 re95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The nations have sunk down into the pit that they made 0 People dig pits so they can catch animals that fall into them. Here digging a pit represents making plans to destroy people. Alternate translation: “The nations are like people who dig a pit for others and then fall into it”
9:15 g4gq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor their feet are caught in the net that they hid 0 People hide nets so they can catch animals that get caught in them. Here hiding a net represents making plans to destroy people. Alternate translation: “they are like people who hide a net and get trapped in it”
9:16 fy3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wicked is ensnared by his own actions 0 Here “wicked” is a nominal adjective that refers to any wicked person. A wicked person acting to harm other people is spoken of as if the wicked person had made a trap and then fallen into it and been unable to escape. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when a wicked person tries to harm other people, his actions will end up harming him” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:16 z41t is ensnared 0 Alternate translation: “is trapped”
9:17 bw3u turned back 0 Alternate translation: “rejected”
9:17 wmb4 all the nations that forget God 0 This refers to “the wicked.”
9:18 f28n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive For the needy will not always be forgotten 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will not always forget the needy” or “God will remember the needy”
9:18 ln7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor nor will the hope of the oppressed be forever dashed 0 Hopes are spoken of as if they were objects that could be broken or destroyed. Hopes being destroyed represents the things that people hope for never happening. Alternate translation: “and the oppressed will not hope forever without results” or “and someday what the oppressed hope for will happen”
9:19 zrv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Arise 0 Getting up represents starting to do something. Alternate translation: “Do something” or “Take action”
9:19 dw6d man 0 people
9:19 f879 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy be judged 0 Here judging represents punishing. Alternate translation: “be punished”
9:19 dca3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in your sight 0 Here sight represents presence. Alternate translation: “in your presence”
9:19 xin9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive may the nations be judged in your sight 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “judge the nations in your presence” or “take the nations into your presence and punish them”
9:intro zq96 0 # Psalm 09 General Notes\n\n## Type of psalm\n\nPsalm 9 is a psalm of praise.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s protection\n\nGod is a protector. He is all-powerful and his enemies cannot withstand him.\n\n### Acrostic Psalm\n\nThis psalm along with Psalm 10 form an acrostic. Which means that each unit begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet.\n\n### One Psalm or two\n\nThis psalm has a superscription but Psalm 10 doesn’t. This fact and the acrostic nature of the two psalms has lead some scholars to believe these two psalms may have originally been written as one psalm.\n\n\n[overview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRQZ1eytMJ8)\n[exegetical 9](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvT6YH3bkuI)\n[exegetical 10](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4w8G32hfyI)\n[poetic](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moXvQUAMudo)
9:front w9iy For the chief musician 0 Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship”
9:front nqw5 set to Muth Labben 0 This may refer to a style of music.
9:1 lr4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְּ⁠כָל־לִבִּ֑⁠י 1 Here, the **heart** represents the whole person. If another body part represents this in your culture you could use it or state the meaning clearly. Alternate translation: “with all my being” or “with my whole person”
9:1 f4r1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כָּל־נִפְלְאוֹתֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wonders**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “all the marvelous things you do” or “all your marvelous actions”
9:2 z258 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys אֶשְׂמְחָ֣ה וְ⁠אֶעֶלְצָ֣ה 1 The two words **rejoice** and **exult** may express a single idea. The word **exult** tells how the author is rejoicing. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “I will rejoice exuberantly”
9:2 vh6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲזַמְּרָ֖ה שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֣ 1 Here, his **name** represents Yahweh: him, his reputation, and what he does. Alternate translation: “I will sing praise to you”
9:3 j685 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from you”
9:3-4 e4sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result מִ⁠פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ & כִּֽי 1 The last part of verse 3 (**from your face**) and the first line of verse 4 give the reason why the **enemies turn back … stumble and perish**. Make sure this connection presented in a way that is clear in your language. Alternate translation: “. They do this because of your angry presence, // because”
9:4 ei1n עָ֭שִׂיתָ 1 Alternate translation: “you have ruled on” or “you have declared” or “you have accomplished”
9:4 xlh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־עָ֭שִׂיתָ מִשְׁפָּטִ֣⁠י וְ⁠דִינִ֑⁠י & שׁוֹפֵ֥ט צֶֽדֶק 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **justice**, **claim** and **righteousness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “For you have answered me justly when I petitioned in your court … a righteous judge”
9:4 bcg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys עָ֭שִׂיתָ מִשְׁפָּטִ֣⁠י וְ⁠דִינִ֑⁠י 1 The two words **justice** and **claim** may express a single idea. The word **justice** tells how Yahweh views the author’s legal **claim**. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “you have ruled that my claim is just” or “you have answered my just claim”
9:4 nvz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יָשַׁ֥בְתָּ לְ֝⁠כִסֵּ֗א 1 Here, **throne** represents kingship. Kings had authority to judge people, and they would sit on their throne when they judged. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are like a king who judged his people from his throne” or “you are a king”
9:4 z3ft יָשַׁ֥בְתָּ לְ֝⁠כִסֵּ֗א שׁוֹפֵ֥ט צֶֽדֶק 1 Alternate translation: “you are like a royal judge who always issues correct judgements from his throne” or “you sit on your judgment throne and judge righteously”
9:5 cw1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׁמָ֥⁠ם מָ֝חִ֗יתָ לְ⁠עוֹלָ֥ם וָ⁠עֶֽד 1 This could mean 1) Yahweh caused these people to be forgotten. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to be forgotten as if their name was blotted out” or “no one will ever remember them again”, 2) Yahweh will not give these people eternal life (other parts of the Bible speak of this as blotting them out from the Book of Life). Alternate translation: “you send them to eternal punishment”. Interpretation one is favored because of the end of verse 6 which is parallel with this verse.
9:5 bs94 מָ֝חִ֗יתָ 1 Alternate translation: “you erased”
9:5 t5xj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet לְ⁠עוֹלָ֥ם וָ⁠עֶֽד 1 The terms **forever** and **ever** mean similar things. The author is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “eternally”
9:6 bqzr rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns הָֽ⁠אוֹיֵ֨ב ׀ תַּ֥מּוּ 1 In this verse, the word **enemy** is singular in form, but it refers to all enemies as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “The enemies are finished”
9:6 pv0y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חֳרָב֗וֹת לָ֫⁠נֶ֥צַח 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **desolation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “they are made desolate forever” or “you make them desolate forever”
9:6 b9n1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠עָרִ֥ים נָתַ֑שְׁתָּ 1 Here, **cities** is spoken of as if it were a plant that could be **pulled up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when you destroyed their cities”
9:6 pi7j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָבַ֖ד זִכְרָ֣⁠ם הֵֽמָּה 1 Here, **remembrance** is spoken of as if it were a living being that could die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “All remembrance of them has stopped” or “There is no longer any remembrance of them”
9:6 c6yp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אָבַ֖ד זִכְרָ֣⁠ם הֵֽמָּה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **remembrance**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “No one remembers them at all”
9:6 uumc rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast הֵֽמָּה 1 The author ends this verse with an extra pronoun that creates an emphatic contrast between what happens to the **enemy** and Yahweh. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Now speaking of the enemy”
9:7 x7xg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יֵשֵׁ֑ב 1 Here, to **sit** represents sitting on the throne as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh reigns forever” or “Yahweh is king forever”
9:7 h8nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כּוֹנֵ֖ן לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּ֣ט כִּסְאֽ⁠וֹ 1 The phrase **his throne** represents God’s rule. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He rules in order to judge people” or “He rules over people justly”
9:7 ndc0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לַ⁠מִּשְׁפָּ֣ט 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **justice**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to do justly”
9:8 pgg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְ⁠ה֗וּא יִשְׁפֹּֽט־תֵּבֵ֥ל בְּ⁠צֶ֑דֶק יָדִ֥ין לְ֝אֻמִּ֗ים בְּ⁠מֵישָׁרִֽים 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Translate them according to the decisions your team has made regarding translating parallelism in Hebrew poetry. See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more information. Alternate translation: “as for him, he will judge the world with righteousness, yes, he will adjudicate for the peoples with fairness” or “as for him, he will judge the people of world with righteousness and fairness”
9:8 dz3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תֵּבֵ֥ל 1 Here, **the world** refers to all the people in the world. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly Alternate translation: “everyone in the world”
9:8 timn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠צֶ֑דֶק & בְּ⁠מֵישָׁרִֽים 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **righteousness** and **fairness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “righteously … fairly”
9:9 y7hd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וִ֘⁠יהִ֤י יְהוָ֣ה מִשְׂגָּ֣ב לַ⁠דָּ֑ךְ מִ֝שְׂגָּ֗ב לְ⁠עִתּ֥וֹת בַּצָּרָֽה 1 Here, the author is speaking of **Yahweh** as if he were a place that people could go to for safety. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And may Yahweh protect the oppressed, may he protect them in times with distress” or “And may Yahweh provide safety for those who are oppressed, making them safe in times with distress”
9:9 q41l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠עִתּ֥וֹת בַּצָּרָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **distress**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “for distressing times”
9:10 mb1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יוֹדְעֵ֣י שְׁמֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Here, **your name** represents Yahweh and his reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “those who know you” or “those who have heard what you do”
9:10 dj61 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יוֹדְעֵ֣י & דֹרְשֶׁ֣י⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **knowers** and **seekers**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “people who know … people who seek you”
9:11 nb7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יֹשֵׁ֣ב 1 Here, being **the sitter** represents sitting on the throne as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the crown wearer” or “the king” or “the ruler”
9:11 i7js rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns זַמְּר֗וּ לַ֭⁠יהוָה & עֲלִֽילוֹתָֽי⁠ו 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **praises** and **deeds**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh with a song … what he has done” or “Sing to praise Yahweh … the things he does”
9:12 p3fv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown דֹרֵ֣שׁ דָּ֭מִים 1 Here, **the seeker** refers to the avenger of blood, who hunts down and kills a murderer. Yahweh is the avenger in this case. See Numbers 35 for more information.
9:12 lcs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אוֹתָ֣⁠ם זָכָ֑ר 1 The implication is that the **seeker of vengeance** will remember to avenge for the murder of **them** (the victims calling for justice). You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “remembered to avenge those who were murdered”
9:12 vrni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דֹרֵ֣שׁ דָּ֭מִים אוֹתָ֣⁠ם 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **seeker, vengeance** and **bloodshed**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “the one who seeks to avenge anyone who was murdered”
9:12 wk9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives לֹֽא־שָׁ֝כַ֗ח 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative idea of **forget**. Alternate translation: “he surely remembers”
9:12 zawk עניים 1 Alternate translation: “the afflicted ones” or “the oppressed ones”
9:13 qnky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חָֽנְנֵ֬⁠נִי & עָ֭נְיִ⁠י מִ⁠שֹּׂנְאָ֑⁠י 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **mercy, affliction** and **haters**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “Be merciful to me … how I am afflicted by those who hate me”
9:13 yj30 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רְאֵ֣ה 1 The implication is that Yahweh will act, not just **see**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Take action because of”
9:13 p41p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְ֝רוֹמְמִ֗⁠י מִ⁠שַּׁ֥עֲרֵי מָֽוֶת 1 Here, **death** is spoken of as if it were a city that had **gates** through which people enter it. If someone is near the **gates of death**, it means that he will die soon. Keeping someone from dying is spoken of as lifting him away from the gates of that city. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “O you who can rescue me from death” or “O you who can keep me from dying”
9:14 v8b1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּ⁠שַֽׁעֲרֵ֥י 1 The **gate ** is the place of trade, business, justice, etc in the ancient city. If your readers would not be familiar with this, you could use the location where similar things happen in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “in the central market” or “in the place of trade and settling legal disputes”
9:14 e5o9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תְּהִלָּ֫תֶ֥י⁠ךָ & בִּ⁠ישׁוּעָתֶֽ⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **praise** and **salvation**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “your praiseworthy deeds … because you saved me” or “the reasons to praise you … because you are a savior”
9:15 re95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor טָבְע֣וּ ג֭וֹיִם בְּ⁠שַׁ֣חַת עָשׂ֑וּ בְּ⁠רֶֽשֶׁת־ז֥וּ טָ֝מָ֗נוּ נִלְכְּדָ֥ה רַגְלָֽ⁠ם 1 People dig pits so they can catch animals that fall into them. They also hide nets to catch animals. Here digging a **pit** or hiding a **net** represents making plans to destroy people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The nations are like people who dig a pit for others and then fall into it or like people who hide a net to catch people and then get caught in it” or “The nations get caught in their own traps.”
9:15 py2o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism טָבְע֣וּ ג֭וֹיִם בְּ⁠שַׁ֣חַת עָשׂ֑וּ בְּ⁠רֶֽשֶׁת־ז֥וּ טָ֝מָ֗נוּ נִלְכְּדָ֥ה רַגְלָֽ⁠ם 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Translate them according to the decisions your team has made regarding translating parallelism in Hebrew poetry. See the [book introduction](../front/intro.md) for more information.
9:15-16 foe2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result נ֤וֹדַ֨ע ׀ יְהוָה֮ מִשְׁפָּ֪ט עָ֫שָׂ֥ה & נוֹקֵ֣שׁ רָשָׁ֑ע 1 Both the cause and the result of everything else in verses 15-16 are in the sentence **Yahweh has revealed himself, he has done justice**. The cause of the wicked nations being trapped by their own traps is Yahweh doing justice, the result is that he is revealed as being just. In your translation, use a structure that makes these connections clear. Alternate translation: “This happens because Yahweh is acting justly toward them. Yahweh reveals himself by justly causing the wicked to be ensnared”
9:16 cp1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns נ֤וֹדַ֨ע 1 The word **himself** indicates that the object of the verb is the same as the subject of the verb. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate that the same person fills two roles in the sentence. Alternate translation: “has revealed Yahweh”
9:16 oxtk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִשְׁפָּ֪ט 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **justice**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “things justly”
9:16 s1zp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּ⁠פֹ֣עַל כַּ֭פָּי⁠ו נוֹקֵ֣שׁ רָשָׁ֑ע 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the wicked person harms himself by the wicked things he does”
9:16 ug1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠פֹ֣עַל כַּ֭פָּי⁠ו 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **works**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by what he does” or “by his own evil deeds”
9:17 bw3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry יָשׁ֣וּבוּ 1 See how you translated the idea of **turn back** in [verse 3](../09/03.md), as this is likely connected.
9:17 tdfs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שְׁכֵחֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים 1 Here, **forgetful of God** is an idiom that means “they forget or ignore God.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “dismiss God” or “forget to honor and worship God”
9:17 wmb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כָּל־גּ֝וֹיִ֗ם שְׁכֵחֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים 1 This phrase probably further describes the **wicked ones.** If it would be helpful to your readers, you could show this relationship by using a fuller phrase. Alternate translation: “the wicked ones from all nations who are forgetful of God”
9:17 ql0t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־גּ֝וֹיִ֗ם 1 Here, **nations** represents the people in the nations. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people in every nation”
9:17-18 qi1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry 0 Verses 17-18 form a poetic device called a chiasm where the inner two lines parallel each other and the outer two lines also parallel each other. In this case this artistic device creates a strong contrast between the verses by contrasting forgetting God with his not forgetting the needy, and contrasts the death of the wicked with the hope of the afflicted which does not die. If you language has a poetic structure than can make contrasts stand out markedly like this consider using it here.
9:18 f28n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֣א לָ֭⁠נֶצַח יִשָּׁכַ֣ח אֶבְי֑וֹן 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will not always forget the needy”
9:18 xgsc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֣א לָ֭⁠נֶצַח יִשָּׁכַ֣ח אֶבְי֑וֹן 1 The figure of speech here expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “the needy will be remembered eventually”
9:18 igk0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּקְוַ֥ת ענוים תֹּאבַ֥ד לָ⁠עַֽד 1 The negation in the first clause of this verse carries over to the second half. Translate this in a way that both halves of the verse are negated (but making a positive statement by litotes as the previous note explains). Alternate translation: “indeed, the hope of the afflicted will not perish forever” or “neither will the hope of the afflicted perish forever” or (assuming the first half is translated positively) “the hope of the afflicted lives on”
9:18 ln7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּקְוַ֥ת ענוים תֹּאבַ֥ד לָ⁠עַֽד 1 Here, **hope** is spoken of as if it was something that could perish. This would mean that what they hope for does not happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “nor will the oppressed hope forever without results” or “someday what the afflicted hope for will happen”
9:19 zrv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy קוּמָ֣⁠ה 1 Getting up represents starting to do something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Take action”
9:19 f879 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִשָּׁפְט֥וּ ג֝וֹיִ֗ם 1 Here, judging includes punishing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “let nations be judged and punished”
9:19 dca3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 Here, **on your face** represents in Yahweh’s presence, which can be considered in his courtroom (as in the UST). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “In your presence”
9:19 xin9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשָּׁפְט֥וּ ג֝וֹיִ֗ם עַל־פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “judge the nations in your presence” or “take the nations into your presence and punish them”
9:20 hsuv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׁ֘יתָ֤⁠ה יְהוָ֨ה ׀ מוֹרָ֗ה לָ֫⁠הֶ֥ם 1 Here, **terror** is spoken of as something that could be **put** to the wicked, meaning to cause them to feel **terror.** If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Make them be terrified Yahweh!” or “Terrify them Yahweh!”
9:20 zejg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יֵדְע֥וּ גוֹיִ֑ם אֱנ֖וֹשׁ הֵ֣מָּה 1 Here the author is speaking of **nations** as if they were living **human**s. There are two points: 1) nations do not last forever, they pass away or are mortal like humans and 2) the leaders of nations are not gods, but humans who die. In both instances, they need to recognize that Yahweh is the supreme, never-ending power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “May nations know they are temporary” or “May wicked human kings stop pretending to be eternal gods”
10:intro h366 0 # Psalm 010 General Notes\n\n## Type of psalm\n\nPsalm 10 is a psalm of deliverance. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Evil people\n\nThe wicked people are prospering and think that God does not care. They think that he is not involved in these affairs. They destroy the innocent. The godly need God to come to their rescue and to punish the wicked people for the evil that they are doing to the good people. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/innocent]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]])\n\n### Second half of Psalm 9\n\nAs noted in the intro to the last psalm, this one is part of an acrostic poem. This psalm covers the last half on the Hebrew alphabet. It also does not have a superscription to introduce it. However, the psalms do separate well on the subjects they address. One addresses thanksgiving and praise whereas Psalm 10 is a lament. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]])
10:1 he97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nParallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
10:1 l729 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why, Yahweh, do you stand far off? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble? 0 The speaker uses these questions to express his distress that God has not helped him. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, it seems as though you are far away from me and you hide from me whenever I am in trouble” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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