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@ -2090,89 +2090,164 @@ front:intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew\n\n## Part 1: Gene
13:14 jz9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations ἀναπληροῦται & ἡ προφητεία Ἠσαΐου ἡ λέγουσα 1 In Jesus’s culture, this was a normal way to introduce a quotation from an important text, in this case, the Old Testament book written by Isaiah the prophet (see [Isaiah 6:9–10](../isa/06/09.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Jesus is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: “the prophecy from the book of Isaiah is being fulfilled. Here is the prophecy:” or “is being fulfilled what Isaiah prophesied when he wrote”\n
13:14 a1im rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication ἀκοῇ ἀκούσετε & βλέποντες βλέψετε 1 Here the author of the quotation repeats the words **hear** and **see** in order to emphasize that the people really do **hear** and **see**. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation. Otherwise, you could express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “You will certainly hear … you will certainly see” or “You will indeed hear … you will indeed see”
13:14 q4cj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐ μὴ -1 The words translated **certainly not** are two negative words. In this construction, the second negative does not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, it gives greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use two negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in that way, you could translate with one strong negative, as the ULT does. Alternate translation: “by no means … by no means”
13:15 mxzy rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1
13:15 ljec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν 1
13:15 mxzy rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the people hear but do not understand and see but do not perceive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for a claim, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “That is because” or “That happens since”
13:15 oz31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν; μήποτε ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν, καὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν, καὶ ἐπιστρέψωσιν καὶ ἰάσομαι αὐτούς 1 The author of the quotation switches from speaking to the Israelite people in the second person (see [13:14](../13/14.md)) to speaking about them in the third person. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use second person forms in this verse. Alternate translation: “the heart of you people has been thickened, and with your ears you have hardly heard, and you have shut your eyes, lest you might see with your eyes, and you might hear with your ears, and you might understand with your heart and turn back, and I would heal you”
13:15 ljec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν 1 These three clauses mean basically the same thing. The second and third emphasize the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second and third phrase are repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternatively, you could express the idea with just one or two clauses. Alternate translation: “the heart of this people has been thickened; yes, with their ears they have hardly heard; indeed, they have shut their eyes” or “the heart of this people has been thickened, and they barely use their ears and eyes”
13:15 tfl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου 1 Here the author of the quotation is speaking as if the **heart** of the people of Israel has literally been **thickened**. He means that they are resisting God stubbornly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “this people has been made stubborn”
13:15 n416 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου & τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 If it would not be natural in your language to speak as if a group of people had only one **heart**, you could use the plural form of that word in your translation. Alternate translation: “the hearts of these people have been thickened … with their hearts”
13:15 driw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου & τῇ καρδίᾳ 1
13:15 driw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐπαχύνθη & ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου & τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 In the author’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **heart** by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by expressing the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “the mind of this people was made dull … with their mind” or “the thoughts of this people were made dull … in their thoughts”
13:15 o0ir rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐπαχύνθη 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “has become thick”
13:15 p6we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν, καὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν 1
13:15 ps56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπιστρέψωσιν 1
13:15 q1h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἰάσομαι αὐτούς 1
13:16 glp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche ὑμῶν δὲ μακάριοι οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὅτι βλέπουσιν, καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν ὅτι ἀκούουσιν 1 Here, **see** and **hear** are referring to the disciples ability to understand what Jesus is saying and doing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or plain language. Alternate translation: “You are blessed because you understand what you see with your eyes and what you hear with your ears”
13:16 rlt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you ὑμῶν & ὑμῶν 1 Both occurrences of **your** are plural and refer to the disciples.
13:16 xczh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν ὅτι ἀκούουσιν 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “and blessed are your ears, for they hear”
13:17 bsj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you ὑμῖν & βλέπετε & ἀκούετε 1 All occurrences of **you** are plural and refer to the disciples.
13:17 e6ci rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἃ βλέπετε 1 The phrase **what you see** is referring to the healings and miracles which Jesus did. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the miracles you have seen me do”
13:17 lslf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ οὐκ εἶδαν 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could give the reason why the prophets and kings **did not see** these things. Alternate translation: “but did not see them because they lived before my time”
13:17 q14w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἃ ἀκούετε 1 The phrase **the things you hear** probably refers to the teachings of Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the things that you have heard me teach”
13:18 w35t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables ὑμεῖς οὖν ἀκούσατε τὴν παραβολὴν τοῦ σπείραντος 1 Jesus is not retelling the parable again, but is now explaining it to the disciples. Make sure this is clear to your audience. See the note in the chapter introduction for more information about this parable. Alternate translation: “Therefore, hear me explain the parable of the one who sowed the seed”
13:19 v2d7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun παντὸς ἀκούοντος 1 Jesus is speaking of people in general, and not about any specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “People hearing”
13:19 suhi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche τὸν λόγον τῆς βασιλείας 1 The phrase **the word** is referring to the entire message about **the kingdom**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or plain language. Alternate translation: “the message of the kingdom”
13:19 het1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον τῆς βασιλείας 1 Here the word **kingdom** is referring to the circumstance where God will rule, and people will gladly submit to his rule over them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the message about how God will rule over them”
13:19 uo3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis τῆς βασιλείας 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of the heavens”
13:19 a8nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἔρχεται ὁ πονηρὸς καὶ ἁρπάζει τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus is speaking about Satan as if he were like a bird who **snatches away** seeds. God’s message is spoken of as if it **had been sown** in a person’s **heart**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “the evil one comes and takes away their understanding of God’s message from their heart”
13:19 sb7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ πονηρὸς 1 Here, **the evil one** refers to Satan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Satan, who is the evil one,”
13:19 r9u6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the seed which God sowed in his heart”
13:19 xi8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Here, the word **heart** is referring to the mind of the person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “in his mind”
13:19 wfd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν σπαρείς 1 Jesus speaks about what happens to these people as if it were what happens when seed is sown on the hard surface alongside the road. The seed is referring to God’s message. The road is referring to the persons **heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “When this happens, it is like what happened to seed being sown along the path”
13:19 xgz5 παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν 1 See how you translated this in [13:4](../13/04.md).
13:20 l5iv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ & σπαρείς 1 The phrase **the one having been sown** is talking about the seed. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the seed which was sown”
13:20 rnct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ εὐθὺς μετὰ χαρᾶς λαμβάνων αὐτόν 1 Jesus is comparing **the one hearing the word and immediately receiving it with joy** with the seed which is sown on rocky ground. In the same way that the seed sown on rocky soil does not have deep roots, so the person who immediately receives the message has not fully believed it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “this is like the person who hears the word and quickly receives it with joy”
13:20 w4f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche τὸν λόγον 1 See how you translated **word** in the previous verse.
13:20 cl6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 See how you translated **the word** in the previous verse.
13:20 z76f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ εὐθὺς μετὰ χαρᾶς λαμβάνων αὐτόν 1 Jesus is speaking about believing as if they were **receiving** God’s message. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “this seed is like the person who quickly receives God’s message with joy”
13:21 zg9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οὐκ ἔχει δὲ ῥίζαν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ πρόσκαιρός ἐστιν 1 This expression, **but he has no root in himself, but is temporary**, means that the plant does not have deep enough roots to stay alive. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but he does not have deep roots to stay alive”
13:21 ixil rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ πρόσκαιρός ἐστιν 1 Here, the second word **but** introduces a contrast. What follows the word **but** is in contrast to what precedes it. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “but rather, is temporary”
13:21 lxuy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns γενομένης δὲ θλίψεως ἢ διωγμοῦ διὰ τὸν λόγον 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the ideas of **tribulation** and **persecution**, you could express the same ideas with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “for when people afflict and persecute him because of the word”
13:21 xv50 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche τὸν λόγον 1 See how you translated **word** in the previous verse.
13:21 lim9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor εὐθὺς σκανδαλίζεται 1 The expression **to stumble** means that he no longer believes God’s message. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “immediately he stops believing God’s message”
13:22 d4h5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ & σπαρείς 1 Here, Jesus is talking about the story of seed which was **sown** among the thorns, If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the seed having been sown”
13:22 rcj8 ὁ δὲ εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας σπαρείς 1 See how you translated **thorns** in [13:7](../13/07.md)
13:22 a3u1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche τὸν λόγον -1 See how you translated **the word** in the previous verse.
13:22 q2nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 1 The phrase **the worry of this age** is likely referring to caring about what a person will eat or drink. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “fretting about the expense of living”
13:22 wwf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου 1 Jesus speaks of **riches** as if it were a living thing that could deceive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “finding all of their pleasure in wealth”
13:22 gn6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἄκαρπος γίνεται 1 The person is spoken of as if he were a plant. Being **unfruitful** represents not obeying what God wants them to do. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he does not do what God wants him to do”
13:23 xw4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ & ἐπὶ τὴν καλὴν γῆν σπαρείς 1 Here Jesus is referring to the story of the seed which fell on the **good soil**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the seed having been sown on the good soil”
13:23 ptb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὃς δὴ καρποφορεῖ καὶ ποιεῖ 1 Here the phrase **who indeed produces a crop and yields** means “a person who does many good things that please God”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who does many good things that please God, giving fruit”
13:23 wm3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ποιεῖ, ὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “some produce 100 times the grain that was sown, some produce 60 times the grain that was sown, and some produce 30 times the grain that was sown”
13:23 i4t0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers ἑκατὸν & ἑξήκοντα & τριάκοντα 1 You can state the numbers as text. Alternate translation: “one hundred times … sixty … thirty”
13:24 l5yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables ἄλλην παραβολὴν παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς λέγων, 1 To help the people understand his message, Jesus tells another story. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Jesus told a story to help them understand:”
13:24 xkov rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἄλλην παραβολὴν παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς 1 Here the term **set before them** means that Jesus told the disciples another parable. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Jesus told them another parable”
13:24 iiv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 It is unknown to whom the pronoun **them** refers. Alternate translation: “the people”
13:24-30 k8pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν, ἀνθρώπῳ σπείραντι καλὸν σπέρμα ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus is explaining about **the kingdom of the heavens** by using the entire story through [13:30](../13/30.md). See the note in the chapter introduction for more information.
13:24 f8j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν 1 See how you translated **The kingdom of the heavens** in [3:2](../03/02.md).
13:24 u21k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καλὸν σπέρμα 1 Here **good seed** is referring to seed that produces the desired crops. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “seed that produces useful crops”
13:25 q4tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ζιζάνια 1 Here, **darnel** is a plant that looks like food, but the grain that it produces in poisonous. Your language and culture may have a term for this that you can use in your translation.
13:27 h51x τοῦ οἰκοδεσπότου 1 The **landowner** is the same person who sowed good seed in his field.
13:27 gr7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion οὐχὶ καλὸν σπέρμα ἔσπειρας ἐν τῷ σῷ ἀγρῷ? 1 The servants used a question to emphasize their surprise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “you sowed good seed in your field!”
13:27 fb86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy οὐχὶ & ἔσπειρας 1 The landowner probably had his servants plant the seeds. Alternate translation: “did we not sow”
13:28 r83z ὁ δὲ ἔφη αὐτοῖς 1 Alternate translation: “But the landowner said to the servants”
13:28 num8 συλλέξωμεν αὐτά 1 The word **we** refers to the servants.
13:29 c9jc ὁ δέ φησιν 1 Alternate translation: “But the landowner said to his servants”
13:30 z36a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἐρῶ τοῖς θερισταῖς, συλλέξατε πρῶτον τὰ ζιζάνια καὶ δήσατε αὐτὰ εἰς δέσμας πρὸς τὸ κατακαῦσαι αὐτά; τὸν δὲ σῖτον συναγάγετε εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην μου. 1 You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “I will tell the reapers to first gather up the darnel and tie them in bundles to burn them, and then gather the wheat into my barn”
13:30 ll14 τὴν ἀποθήκην 1 A **barn** is a farm building that can be used for storing grain, housing animals, and sheltering other farm items.
13:31 tdf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables 0 Jesus describes the kingdom of heaven by beginning to tell a parable about a very small seed that grows into a very big plant.
13:31 jw7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν 1 See how you translated **kingdom of the heavens** in [3:2](../03/02.md).
13:31 qby8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown κόκκῳ σινάπεως 1 A **mustard seed** is a very small seed that grows into a large plant. If this is unknown in your culture, use a similar type of seed in your language.
13:32 gyi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background ὃ μικρότερον μέν ἐστιν πάντων τῶν σπερμάτων 1 The phrase **which is indeed the smallest of all the seeds** shows how small the seed is compared with how big it grows. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information. Alternate translation: “This seed is the smallest of any seed”
13:32 g6v8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom γίνεται δένδρον 1 Here, the phrase **becomes a tree** is an idiom meaning it grows until it becomes the size of a tree. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “grows to be a tree”
13:33 z94k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν ζύμῃ 1 In this passage, Jesus is comparing **the kingdom of the heavens** with **yeast**. Jesus is saying that, just as yeast is mixed into flour and causes it to grow, so the kingdom of the heavens will grow. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning plainly.
13:33 w8sb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν 1 See how you translated **The kingdom of the heavens** in [4:2](../04/02.md).
13:33 xc9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ζύμῃ, ἣν λαβοῦσα, γυνὴ ἐνέκρυψεν εἰς ἀλεύρου σάτα τρία, ἕως οὗ ἐζυμώθη ὅλον 1 Bakers use **yeast** to act upon the bread dough, causing it to swell due to a chemical reaction that produces air bubbles. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “yeast, which is used to make bread dough swell”
13:33 r88g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume ἀλεύρου σάτα τρία 1 You can translate this phrase as “a large amount of flour” or use a term that your culture uses for measuring large amounts of flour.
13:34 nt7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ταῦτα πάντα ἐλάλησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν παραβολαῖς τοῖς ὄχλοις, καὶ χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς 1 The phrases **All these things Jesus spoke in parables to the crowds** and **he was speaking nothing to them without a parable** mean the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you could combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “Jesus spoke all of these things to the crowds in parables”
13:34 n54e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ταῦτα πάντα 1 The phrase **All these things** is referring to the parables which Jesus just taught. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “All of the things Jesus taught,”
13:34 a5c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς 1 If this double negative would be misunderstood in your language, you could translate it as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “he spoke only with parables”
13:35 ybq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what God said through the prophet might be fulfilled”
13:35 p3tb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος, 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “through the prophet … and this is what he said:”
13:35 f9gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἀνοίξω ἐν παραβολαῖς τὸ στόμα μου 1 Jesus is using the phrase **I will open my mouth in parables** to mean speaking. Alternate translation: “I will speak in parables”
13:35 yx6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive κεκρυμμένα 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what I have hidden”
13:35 th8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **foundation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “since God founded the world”
13:36 pq2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent τότε 1 # Connecting Statement:\n\nJesus is using the word translated **Then** to introduce a new event in the story. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event.
13:37 xj4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 Jesus is referring to himself as the **Son of Man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this in the first person, as modelled by UST.
13:38 h9iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οἱ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας & οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ 1 Here, the phrase **sons of the kingdom** is an idiom meaning “people over whom God rules.” The phrase **sons of the evil one** is an idiom meaning “people over whom Satan rules.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “the people over whom God rules … the people over whom Satan rules”
13:38 eni3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τῆς βασιλείας 1 See how you translated **the kingdom** in [3:2](../03/02.md).
13:15 ifit rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν; μήποτε ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν 1 It may be that these expressions contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you could shorten them. Alternate translation: “and they have hardly heard anything, and they have shut their eyes, lest they might see clearly, and they might hear clearly”
13:15 u9la rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν 1 The author of the quotation is speaking as if the people of Israel have become unable to hear and have **shut their eyes** so that they will not see. He means that they are refusing to consider what God wants to tell them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they are refusing to pay attention to God, as if they were closing their ears and eyes” or “and they are refusing to consider what God wants to tell them”
13:15 p6we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν, καὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν 1 These three clauses mean basically the same thing. The second and third emphasize the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second and third phrase are repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternatively, you could express the idea with just one or two clauses. Alternate translation: “they might see with their eyes; yes, they might hear with their ears; indeed, they might understand with their heart” or “they might use their eyes and ears, and they might understand with their heart”
13:15 ps56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπιστρέψωσιν 1 The author of the quotation is speaking of the people of Israel as if they had been traveling somewhere and had taken the wrong way and needed to **turn back** onto the right way. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “start obeying the Lord again”
13:15 q1h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἰάσομαι αὐτούς 1 Here the author of the quotation does not mean God would only **heal** the people physically. He would also **heal** them spiritually by forgiving their sins. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I would heal them and forgive them”
13:16 glp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche ὑμῶν & οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὅτι βλέπουσιν, καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν ὅτι ἀκούουσιν 1 Jesus is using **eyes** and **ears** to represent people as they **see** and **hear**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you, for you see; and blessed are you, for you hear” or “you as you look at things, for you see; and as you listen to things, for you hear”
13:16 rlt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit βλέπουσιν & ἀκούουσιν 1 Here Jesus implies that their **eyes** can **see** properly and their **ears** can **hear** properly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “they see well … they hear well”
13:16 xczh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and blessed are your ears”
13:17 bsj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the disciples are blessed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for a claim, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “You are blessed because” or “That is because”
13:17 txyn ἀμὴν & λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Jesus says this to emphasize what he is about to tell his disciples. Use a natural form in your language for emphasizing the truth and importance of a statement. Alternate translation: “I can assure you”
13:17 e6ci rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἃ βλέπετε & ἃ ἀκούετε 1 Here Jesus implies that what the disciples **see** and **hear** is what he does and teaches. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “what you see me do … what you hear me say”
13:17 q14w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐκ εἶδαν & οὐκ ἤκουσαν 1 Here Jesus implies that these people did not **see** or **hear** what the disciples can see and hear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “did not see those things … did not hear those things”
13:17 nq4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐκ εἶδαν & οὐκ ἤκουσαν 1 Here Jesus implies that these people did not **see** or **hear** what the disciples see and hear because they lived before Jesus was born. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “because they lived before this time, did not see … because they lived before this time, did not hear”
13:17 lslf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis καὶ ἀκοῦσαι 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and they longed to hear”
13:18 pg1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Here, the word **therefore** introduces an inference or conclusion based on what Jesus has said in the previous verses about how the disciples are blessed because they can listen to Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces an inference, or you could leave **therefore** untranslated. Alternate translation: “then” or “given all that”
13:18 w35t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀκούσατε τὴν παραβολὴν 1 Here Jesus means that he is going to explain the **parable** that he just spoke. He does not mean that he is going to tell it again. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “listen to the explanation of the parable”
13:19 suhi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession τὸν λόγον τῆς βασιλείας 1 Here, Jesus is using the possessive form to describe a **word** that is about **the kingdom**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the word concerning the kingdom”
13:19 het1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 Matthew is using the term **word** to mean something spoken in words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the proclamation” or “the news”
13:19 a8nu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἔρχεται ὁ πονηρὸς καὶ ἁρπάζει τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus speaks about the message about the kingdom as if it were seed that **had been sown** in a person’s **heart**. He speaks of **the evil one** as if he were a bird that swooped down and snatched away the seed. Since these figures of speech connect to the parable that Jesus told, if possible you should preserve them or express the ideas in simile form. Alternate translation: “the evil one comes like a bird and snatches away the word, which had been sown like a seed in his heart”
13:19 sb7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ πονηρὸς 1 Here, the phrase **the evil one** refers to the devil, Satan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the devil” or “the evil one, Satan,”
13:19 r9u6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “what someone sowed”
13:19 xi8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 In Jesus’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **heart** by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by expressing the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “in his head” or “in his thoughts”\n
13:19 nkux rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations αὐτοῦ 1 Although the term **his** is masculine, Jesus is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “his or her” or “that person‘s”
13:19 wfd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν σπαρείς 1 Here Jesus speaks about what happens to this person as if it were what happened in the parable when the seed was sown **beside the road**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form. Alternative translation: “When this happens, it is like what happened to the seed that was sown beside the road”
13:19 xgz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns οὗτός 1 The pronoun **This** refers to the person whom Jesus has described in the previous sentence. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to the person more directly. Alternate translation: “That person” or “He”
13:19 mau3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὁ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν σπαρείς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the farmer who was sowing seed. Alternate translation: “what the farmer sowed beside the road”
13:20 zyhq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that Jesus wants to say. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next topic, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,”
13:20 rnct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ & ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη σπαρείς, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ εὐθὺς μετὰ χαρᾶς λαμβάνων αὐτόν 1 Here Jesus speaks about what happens to this person as if it were what happened in the parable when the seed was sown **on the rocky ground**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form. Alternative translation: “what happened to the seed having been sown on the rocky ground is is like what happens to the one hearing the word and immediately receiving it with joy”
13:20 bf7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo ὁ & ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη σπαρείς, οὗτός 1 Here, the word **this** refers directly back to **the one having been sown on the rocky ground**. Jesus expresses the idea in this way to introduce **the one having been sown on the rocky** and then explain what it means. If stating the topic and then referring back to it with the word **this** would be redundant in your language, you could omit the redundant information. Alternate translation: “the one having been sown on the rocky ground”
13:20 l5iv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σπαρείς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the farmer who was sowing seed. Alternate translation: “that the farmer sowed”
13:20 j717 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὰ πετρώδη 1 Here, just as in [13:5](../13/05.md), Jesus refers to an area that has a thin layer of soil on top of a layer of rocks. Express the idea as you did in that verse. Alternate translation: “a thin layer of soil on top of rocks” or “a rocky area”
13:20 cl6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 Here, just as in [13:19](../13/19.md), Jesus is using the term **word** to mean something spoken in words. Express the idea as you did there. Alternate translation: “the proclamation” or “the news”
13:20 w4f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν λόγον 1 Here Jesus implies that this is the same “word of the kingdom” that he mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the word about the kingdom”
13:20 z76f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns μετὰ χαρᾶς 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **joy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “joyfully”
13:21 zg9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὐκ ἔχει δὲ ῥίζαν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ πρόσκαιρός ἐστιν 1 Here Jesus speaks about these people as if they were the plants in the parable that had **no root** and were only **temporary** since they withered when the sun rose. Since this figure of speech connects to the parable that Jesus told, if possible you should preserve it or express the ideas in simile form. Alternate translation: “but he is like a plant with no roots that does not live for long”
13:21 tm2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἔχει & ἑαυτῷ & σκανδαλίζεται 1 Although the terms **he**, **himself**, and **he** are masculine, Jesus is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “that person has … himself or herself … he or she is caused to stumble”
13:21 p4ot rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole οὐκ & ῥίζαν 1 Here, just as in [13:6](../13/06.md), Jesus says **no root** as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “almost no root” or “very small roots”
13:21 lxuy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns γενομένης δὲ θλίψεως ἢ διωγμοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract nouns for the ideas of **tribulation** and **persecution**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “and when he is afflicted or persecuted”
13:21 xv50 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 Here, just as in [13:19](../13/19.md), Jesus is using the term **word** to mean something spoken in words. Express the idea as you did there. Alternate translation: “the proclamation” or “the news”
13:21 p5jc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν λόγον 1 Here Jesus implies that this is the same “word of the kingdom” that he mentioned in the previous verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the word about the kingdom”
13:21 ixil rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σκανδαλίζεται 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he stumbles”
13:21 lim9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σκανδαλίζεται 1 Here, Jesus speaks of ceasing to believe the gospel as if it were stumbling. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he stops believing” or “he ceases to trust the good news”
13:22 lkhy rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that Jesus wants to say. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next topic, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,”
13:22 wowu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ & εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας σπαρείς, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων, καὶ ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου καὶ ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου συνπνίγει τὸν λόγον, καὶ ἄκαρπος γίνεται 1 Here Jesus speaks about what happens to this person as if it were what happened in the parable when the seed was sown **among the thorns**, which **choke** the plant that grows from the seed and make it **unfruitful**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form. Alternative translation: “what happened to the seed having been sown among the thorns is like what happens to the one hearing the word, but the worry of this age and the deceitfulness of riches, like thorns, choke the word, so that it is not effective, just like that seed becomes unfruitful”
13:22 irn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo ὁ & εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας σπαρείς, οὗτός 1 Here, the word **this** refers directly back to **the one having been sown among the thorns**. Jesus expresses the idea in this way to introduce **the one having been sown among the thorns** and then explain what it means. If stating the topic and then referring back to it with the word **this** would be redundant in your language, you could omit the redundant information. Alternate translation: “the one having been sown among the thorns”
13:22 d4h5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σπαρείς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the farmer who was sowing seed. Alternate translation: “that the farmer sowed”
13:22 a3u1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον -1 Here, just as in [13:19](../13/19.md), Jesus is using the term **word** to mean something spoken in words. Express the idea as you did there. Alternate translation: “the proclamation … the proclamation” or “the news … the news”
13:22 vs00 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν λόγον -1 Here Jesus implies that this is the same “word of the kingdom” that he has mentioned in the previous verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the word about the kingdom … this word”
13:22 rc28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου καὶ ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **worry** and **deceitfulness**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “this person worries about this age and is deceived by riches. These things”
13:22 q2nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 1 Here, Jesus is using the possessive form to describe **worry** that is related to **this age**. In other words, the **worry** is about things and problems that exist in **this age** or world. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the worry about things in this age” or “the worry about what happens in this age”
13:22 wwf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου 1 Here, Jesus is using the possessive form to describe **riches** that are characterized by **deceitfulness**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “deceitful riches” or “riches that deceive”
13:23 xw4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that Jesus wants to say. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next topic, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,”\n
13:23 ptb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ & ἐπὶ τὴν καλὴν γῆν σπαρείς, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων καὶ συνιείς; ὃς δὴ καρποφορεῖ καὶ ποιεῖ, ὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα 1 Here Jesus speaks about what happens to this person as if it were what happened in the parable when the seed was **sown on the good soil** and produced a crop of various sizes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form. Alternative translation: “what happened to the seed having been sown on the good soil is like what happens to the one hearing the word understanding it. That person will be like a seed that bears fruit and yields, some 100, and some 60, and some 30”
13:23 k4pj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo ὁ & ἐπὶ τὴν καλὴν γῆν σπαρείς, οὗτός 1 Here, the word **this** refers directly back to **the one having been sown on the good soil**. Jesus expresses the idea in this way to introduce **the one having been sown on the good soil** and then explain what it means. If stating the topic and then referring back to it with the word **this** would be redundant in your language, you could omit the redundant information. Alternate translation: “the one having been sown on the good soil”
13:23 whru rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σπαρείς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the farmer who was sowing seed. Alternate translation: “that the farmer sowed”
13:23 zqep rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 Here, just as in [13:19](../13/19.md), Jesus is using the term **word** to mean something spoken in words. Express the idea as you did there. Alternate translation: “the proclamation” or “the news”
13:23 c2py rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν λόγον 1 Here Jesus implies that this is the same “word of the kingdom” that he has mentioned in the previous verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the word about the kingdom”
13:23 wm3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καρποφορεῖ καὶ ποιεῖ, ὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα 1 Here Jesus means that plants produced **100**, **60**, or **30** new seeds. Scholars estimate that these numbers are very good in Jesus’ time period, although not impossible or unheard of. Express the idea as you did in [13:8](../13/08.md). Alternate translation: “bears fruit, with some plants yielding 100 seeds, and some plants yielding 60 seeds, and other plants yielding 30 seeds” or “bears fruit and yields many times more than the farmer planted: some 100 times more, and some 60 times more, and some 30 times more”\n
13:23 i4t0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns καρποφορεῖ 1 Here, the word **fruit** is singular in form, but it refers to many fruits as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “bears fruits”
13:24 xkov rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς 1 Here Matthew speaks as if the **parable** were an object that Jesus could **set before** the people. He means that Jesus told them **another parable**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He spoke to them” or “He narrated to them”
13:24 iiv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the people who were standing by the side of the sea of Galilee (see [13:2](../13/02.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to those people more directly. Alternate translation: “the people standing on the shore” or “those people”
13:24 l5yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγων 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
13:24 bp9w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables ὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν, ἀνθρώπῳ 1 To teach the people in the crowd, Jesus offers a story or illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Listen to this story: the kingdom of the heavens is compared to a man”
13:24 f8j5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὡμοιώθη ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the comparing, it is clear from the context that it is Jesus himself. Alternate translation: “I compare the kingdom of the heavens to” or “The kingdom of the heavens is comparable to”
13:24 a02s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπῳ & αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus is telling a story about a specific **man**. It is not important for the story whether the person is a man or a woman. If you have a form that refers to any person without identifying a gender, you could use it here. Otherwise, you could identify the person as a man, as the UST does.
13:24 u21k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καλὸν σπέρμα 1 Here, the phrase **good seed** refers to seed that sprouts into plants that produce helpful crops. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “seed that sprouts into productive plants”
13:24 di7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns σπέρμα 1 Here, the word **seed** is singular in form, but it refers to many seeds as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “seeds”
13:25 f6s9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοὺς ἀνθρώπους 1 Here, the phrase **the men** could refer to: (1) the farmer and the people who help take care of his field and crops. Alternate translation: “the man and his helpers” (2) people in general. Alternate translation: “people” or “everyone”
13:25 q4tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ζιζάνια 1 The word **darnel** refers to a plant that looks like a wheat plant, but the grain that it produces can be poisonous. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of plant, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “weeds” or “poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:25 yz0t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπῆλθεν 1 Here the implication is that the **enemy** sowed the **darnel** and *went away** without the farmer and his workers noticing what he had done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “went without the men noticing what he had done”
13:26 cu8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐβλάστησεν ὁ χόρτος καὶ καρπὸν ἐποίησεν 1 Here Jesus refers to the how seeds sprouted as small **blades** of grass and then grew until they began to produce heads of grain. If it would be helpful in your language, you could describe this process more explicitly. Alternate translation: “the wheat sprouted and grew until it began to produce heads of grain”
13:26 ymqc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐφάνη καὶ τὰ ζιζάνια 1 Here Jesus means that the field workers recognized that some plants were **darnel** once the wheat and the darnel had **sprouted** and grown. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the darnel also grew and became recognizable”
13:26 fqoj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰ ζιζάνια 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the weeds” or “the poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:27 e1v4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then,”
13:27 h51x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοῦ οἰκοδεσπότου 1 The **landowner** is the farmer who owns the field. He is the “man” whom Jesus already mentioned in [13:24](../13/24.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “of the man, the one who owned the field” or “of the farmer who owned the field”
13:27 xxjy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes εἶπον αὐτῷ, Κύριε, οὐχὶ καλὸν σπέρμα ἔσπειρας ἐν τῷ σῷ ἀγρῷ? πόθεν οὖν ἔχει ζιζάνια? 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “asked him, their master, about whether he had sown good seed in his field and about where the darnel came from.”
13:27 gr7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion οὐχὶ καλὸν σπέρμα ἔσπειρας ἐν τῷ σῷ ἀγρῷ? 1 The servants are using the question form to indicate that they know that the farmer sowed **good seed**. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “we realize that you sowed good seed in your field.” or “you certainly sowed good seed in your field!”
13:27 fb86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐχὶ & ἔσπειρας 1 The landowner probably had his servants plant the seeds. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “did you not have us sow”
13:27 ikxr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καλὸν σπέρμα 1 Here, the phrase **good seed** refers to seed that sprouts into plants that produce helpful crops. Express the idea as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “seed that sprouts into productive plants”
13:27 izdl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns σπέρμα 1 Here, the word **seed** is singular in form, but it refers to many seeds as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “seeds”
13:27 afws rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion πόθεν οὖν ἔχει ζιζάνια 1 The servants could be using the question form to: (1) inform the **landowner** that there is **darnel** in the field and they are not sure where it came from. Alternate translation: “Despite that, there is darnel in the field, and we are not sure where it came from.” (2) ask the **landowner** if he knows where the **darnel** came from. Alternate translation: “So, from where did the darnel in the field come?”
13:27 fcyb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ζιζάνια 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “weeds” or “poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:28 l154 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then”
13:28 r83z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes αὐτοῖς, ἐχθρὸς ἄνθρωπος τοῦτο ἐποίησεν. 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “to them that a hostile man had done this.”
13:28 rri8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns τοῦτο ἐποίησεν 1 The pronoun **this** refers to the action of planting the weed seeds. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to this action more directly. Alternate translation: “planted the weeds”
13:28 ljm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 2 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then”
13:28 rt1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes λέγουσιν αὐτῷ, θέλεις οὖν ἀπελθόντες, συλλέξωμεν αὐτά? 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “ask him whether he would desire that, having gone out, they would gather them.”
13:28 wufi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγουσιν 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “said”
13:28 z5w6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπελθόντες, συλλέξωμεν αὐτά 1 Here the servants mean that they could go to the field, pull up the weeds, and **gather them** in one place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make these ideas more explicit. Alternate translation: “having out to your field, we would pull up and gather them together”
13:28 num8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive συλλέξωμεν 1 By **we**, the servants means themselves but not the farmer, so use the exclusive form of that word in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
13:28 l2fu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτά 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the weed plants. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to them more directly. Alternate translation: “the weeds”
13:29-30 teuv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes ὁ δέ φησιν, οὔ, μήποτε συλλέγοντες τὰ ζιζάνια, ἐκριζώσητε ἅμα αὐτοῖς τὸν σῖτον & ἄφετε συναυξάνεσθαι ἀμφότερα μέχρι τοῦ θερισμοῦ; καὶ ἐν καιρῷ τοῦ θερισμοῦ ἐρῶ τοῖς θερισταῖς, συλλέξατε πρῶτον τὰ ζιζάνια καὶ δήσατε αὐτὰ εἰς δέσμας πρὸς τὸ κατακαῦσαι αὐτά; τὸν δὲ σῖτον συναγάγετε εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην μου 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate these verses so that there are no quotations within quotations. Alternate translation: “he says that they should certainly not, lest gathering the darnel, they might uproot the wheat along with them. He told them to permit both to grow together until the harvest, and at the time of the harvest he would say to the reapers that they should first gather the darnel and tie them in bundles to burn them up, but that they should gather the wheat into his barn.”
13:29 w3p6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δέ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then”
13:29 qlzt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit συλλέγοντες τὰ ζιζάνια, ἐκριζώσητε ἅμα αὐτοῖς τὸν σῖτον 1 Here the farmer is implying that they will pull up the **darnel** before they gather it. He also implies that pulling up the **darnel** may also **uproot the wheat**, since their roots are growing together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make these ideas more explicit. Alternate translation: “pulling up and gathering the darnel, you might uproot the wheat that is growing with them in the ground”
13:29 c9jc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰ ζιζάνια 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the weeds” or “the poisonous plants that look like wheat”\n
13:29 rd1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 The pronoun **them** refers to **the darnel**. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the plant’s name here. Alternate translation: “the darnel”
13:30 wgz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀμφότερα 1 Here, the word **both** refers to the wheat and the darnel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “both wheat and darnel”
13:30 deb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo μέχρι τοῦ θερισμοῦ; καὶ ἐν καιρῷ τοῦ θερισμοῦ 1 The expressions **until the harvest** and **at the time of the harvest** contain extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expressions. Alternate translation: “until the harvest, when”
13:30 z36a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἐν καιρῷ τοῦ θερισμοῦ 1 Here, the farmer is using the possessive form to describe a **time** in which to perform the **harvest**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “at harvest time” or “at the time when we harvest”
13:30 yd39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰ ζιζάνια 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the weeds” or “the poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:30 ke2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν & σῖτον συναγάγετε 1 Here the farmer implies that the **reapers** should first harvest the **wheat** and then **gather** it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “harvest the wheat and gather it”
13:30 ll14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὴν ἀποθήκην μου 1 The word **barn** refers to a place where food is stored. If your readers would not be familiar with this term, you could use a more general one. Alternate translation: “the place where my food is stored”\n
13:31 g143 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς 1 Here Matthew speaks as if the **parable** were an object that Jesus could **set before** the people. He means that Jesus told them another parable. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. See how you expressed the idea in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “He spoke to them” or “He narrated to them”
13:31 nyaa rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the people who were standing by the side of the sea of Galilee (see [13:2](../13/02.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to those people more directly. See how you expressed the idea in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the people standing on the shore” or “those people”
13:31 s999 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγων 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”\n
13:31 tdf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν κόκκῳ σινάπεως 1 To teach the people in the crowd, Jesus offers a story or illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Listen to this story: the kingdom of the heavens is like a mustard seed”\n
13:31 qby8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown κόκκῳ σινάπεως 1 A **mustard seed** is a very small seed that grows into a large plant. If your readers would not be familiar with this kind of seed, in your translation you could use the name of another seed like it, or you could use a general phrase. Alternate translation: “a very small seed”
13:31 jw7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπος & αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus is telling a story about a specific **man**. However, it is not important for the story whether the person is a man or a woman. If you have a form that refers to any person without identifying a gender, you could use it here. Otherwise, you could identify the person as a man, as the UST does.
13:32 gyi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole μικρότερον & πάντων τῶν σπερμάτων 1 Jesus says **smallest of all the seeds** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “one of the smallest seeds” or “smaller than most seeds”
13:32 xvkn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τῶν λαχάνων 1 The phrase **vegetable plants** refers to plants that people grow so that they can eat them or parts of them. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of plant, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “other plants that people grow to eat” or “plants that people have in their gardens”
13:32 g6v8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom γίνεται δένδρον 1 Here, the phrase **becomes a tree** means that the plant grows until it becomes the size of a tree. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “becomes as large as a tree”
13:32 ah8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 In your language, it might seem that this phrase expresses unnecessary extra information. If so, you could abbreviate it. Alternate translation: “the birds”
13:32 fur6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit κατασκηνοῦν 1 Here, the word **nest** could indicate that: (1) the birds are building nests in the **branches** of the mustard plant. Alternate translation: “build nests” (2) the birds are perching or resting on the **branches** of the mustard plant. Alternate translation: “perch” or “roost”
13:33 ov36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the people who were standing by the side of the sea of Galilee (see [13:2](../13/02.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to those people more directly. See how you expressed the idea in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the people standing on the shore” or “those people”
13:33 z94k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν ζύμῃ 1 To teach the people in the crowd, Jesus offers a story or illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Listen to this story: the kingdom of the heavens is like yeast”
13:33 w8sb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ζύμῃ 1 Jesus assumes that his listeners will know that only a little bit of **yeast** is needed to make a lot of dough rise. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “a little bit of yeast”
13:33 r88g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume ἀλεύρου σάτα τρία 1 The term **seahs** is the plural of “seah,” a dry measure equivalent to nearly eight liters or two gallons. You can express this quantity in terms of a measure that your culture uses, or you can use a general expression. Alternate translation: “a large amount of flour”
13:33 xc9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἕως οὗ ἐζυμώθη ὅλον 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the **yeast**. Alternate translation: “until the yeast leavened it all”
13:34 nt7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory ταῦτα πάντα ἐλάλησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν παραβολαῖς τοῖς ὄχλοις, καὶ χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς 1 This sentence marks the end of Jesus’ teaching by summarizing how Jesus taught the crowds. Use a natural form in your language for expressing the conclusion of a speech. Alternate translation: “Then Jesus stopped speaking to the crowds. He had spoken all those things in parables to them, and he was speaking nothing to them without a parable”\n
13:34 n54e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ταῦτα πάντα 1 The phrase **All these things** is referring to the parables which Jesus just taught. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “All those teachings”
13:34 a5c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative word **nothing** and the negative preposition **without**. Alternate translation: “he was only speaking to them with a parable”
13:35 xse0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ὅπως 1 Here, the phrase **so that** could introduce: (1) a result from Jesus teaching in parables. Alternate translation: “with the result that” (2) a purpose for which Jesus was teaching in parables. Alternate translation: “in order that”
13:35 ybq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the speaking, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “this might fulfill that which God said through the prophet”
13:35 p3tb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγοντος, 1 In Matthew’s culture, saying was a normal way to introduce a quotation from an important text, in this case, the Old Testament book of Psalms (see [Psalm 78:2](../psa/78/02.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that indicates that Matthew is quoting from an important text. Alternate translation: “who wrote in the book of Psalms” or “who declared”
13:35 f9gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀνοίξω & τὸ στόμα μου 1 Here, the phrase **I will open my mouth** refers to speaking words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will talk”
13:35 yx6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive κεκρυμμένα 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “what God has hidden”
13:35 th8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **foundation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “from when God founded the world”
13:36 pq2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent τότε 1 Here, the word **Then** introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **Then** untranslated. Alternate translation: “After that” or “Next”
13:36 y93p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν οἰκίαν 1 Here Matthew refers to **the house** that Jesus had been in before he taught in parables (see [13:1](../13/01.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the house where had been” or “the house in which he had taught previously”
13:36 vk44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγοντες 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and they said”
13:36 xsg4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations λέγοντες, διασάφησον ἡμῖν τὴν παραβολὴν τῶν ζιζανίων τοῦ ἀγροῦ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “asking him to explain to them the parable of the darnel of the field.”
13:36 gn0b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative διασάφησον ἡμῖν 1 This is an imperative, but it communicates a polite request rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a polite request. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “We ask that you explain to us”
13:36 mq8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession τὴν παραβολὴν τῶν ζιζανίων τοῦ ἀγροῦ 1 Here, the disciples are using the possessive form to describe the **parable** that was about **the darnel** that grew in **the field**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the parable concerning the darnel that grew in the field”
13:36 crrv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τῶν ζιζανίων 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “of the weeds” or “of the poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:37 g8ht rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then”
13:37 xf1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ σπείρων τὸ καλὸν σπέρμα ἐστὶν ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 Here Jesus speaks as if the **one sowing** were **the Son of Man**. He means that the sower represents or is like **the Son of Man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or in another way. Alternate translation: “The one sowing the good seed represents the Son of Man” or “The one sowing the good seed should be interpreted as the Son of Man”
13:37 zjfy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸ καλὸν σπέρμα 1 Translate the phrase **good seed** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the seed that sprouts into productive plants”
13:37 vgyn rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns σπέρμα 1 Here, the word **seed** is singular in form, but it refers to many seeds as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “seeds”
13:37 xj4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 Here Jesus speaks about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “I, who am the Son of Man”
13:37 cp8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 The title **Son of Man** is equivalent to “Messiah.” Jesus uses the phrase to claim that role subtly and implicitly. You may want to translate this title directly into your language. On the other hand, if you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could state what it means. See how you translated the title in [12:40](../12/40.md). Alternate translation: “the Messiah”
13:38 t1l7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ & ἀγρός ἐστιν ὁ κόσμος 1 Here Jesus speaks as if **the field** were **the world**. He means that **the field** represents or is like **the world**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or in another way. Alternate translation: “the field represents the world” or “the field should be interpreted as the world”
13:38 reyl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸ & καλὸν σπέρμα, οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας 1 Here Jesus speaks as if **the good seed** were **the sons of the kingdom**. He means that **the good seed** represent or are like **the sons of the kingdom**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or in another way. Alternate translation: “the good seed—these represent the sons of the kingdom” or “the good seed—these should be interpreted as the sons of the kingdom”
13:38 w6dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo τὸ & καλὸν σπέρμα, οὗτοί 1 Here, the word **these** refers directly back to **the good seed**. Jesus expresses the idea in this way to introduce **the good seed** and then explain what it means. If stating the topic and then referring back to it with the word this would be redundant in your language, you could omit the redundant information. Alternate translation: “the good seed”
13:38 nzxb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸ & καλὸν σπέρμα 1 Translate the phrase **good seed** as you did in [13:37](../13/37.md). Alternate translation: “the seed that sprouts into productive plants”
13:38 z0gd rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns σπέρμα 1 Here, the word **seed** is singular in form, but it refers to many seeds as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “seeds”
13:38 h9iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οἱ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας 1 The expression **the sons of the kingdom** refers to people who are part of God’s kingdom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people who are part of the kingdom” or “people who are in the kingdom”
13:38 tokh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations οἱ υἱοὶ -1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, Jesus is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “the children” or “the sons and daughters”
13:38 oo0e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὰ & ζιζάνιά εἰσιν οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ 1 Here Jesus speaks as if **the darnel** were **the sons of the evil one**. He means that **the darnel** represent or are like **the sons of the evil one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or in another way. Alternate translation: “the darnel represent the sons of the evil one” or “the darnel should be interpreted as the sons of the evil one”
13:38 eni3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰ & ζιζάνιά 1 Translate the word **darnel** as you did in [13:24](../13/24.md). Alternate translation: “the weeds” or “the poisonous plants that look like wheat”
13:38 fjuc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ 1 The expression **the sons of the evil one** refers to people who belong to or follow **the evil one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people who belong to the evil one” or “people who follow the evil one”
13:38 sfit rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοῦ πονηροῦ 1 Here, the phrase **the evil one** refers to the devil, Satan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make this idea more explicit. Express the idea as you did in [13:19](../13/19.md). Alternate translation: “of the devil” or “of the evil one, Satan,”
13:40 rn64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ὥσπερ οὖν συλλέγεται τὰ ζιζάνια καὶ πυρὶ κατακαίεται, οὕτως ἔσται ἐν τῇ συντελείᾳ τοῦ αἰῶνος 1 Jesus is comparing the parable to what is actually going to happen when God judges the world. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Therefore, similar to how the weeds were gathered up, this is what God is going to do with evil doers when he judges the world”
13:40 hzih rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases οὕτως ἔσται ἐν τῇ συντελείᾳ τοῦ αἰῶνος 1 The word **thus** means “like this,” and it tells the reader that Jesus is going to explain the meaning of the parable in the following passage. Make sure this is clear to your readers. Alternate translation: “in the end days, it will be like this:”
13:41 fiy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person ἀποστελεῖ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ 1 See how you translated **Son of Man** in [13:37](../13/37.md).

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