Merge stephenwunrow-tc-create-1 into master by stephenwunrow (#3557)

Co-authored-by: stephenwunrow <stephenwunrow@noreply.door43.org>
Co-committed-by: stephenwunrow <stephenwunrow@noreply.door43.org>

tn_1TI.tsv

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Reference	ID	Tags	SupportReference	Quote	Occurrence	Note
 front:intro	wy83				0	# Introduction to 1 Timothy\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy\n\nIn this letter, Paul alternates between personal commands to Timothy that empower him to act as his representative and with his authority, and instructions for how followers of Jesus should live in community.\n\n1. Greetings (1:1–2)\n2. Paul commands Timothy to tell people not to teach false doctrines (1:3–20)\n3. Paul gives instructions about how to re-establish order and decency in the church (2:1–15)\n4. Paul gives instructions about how to ensure that elders and deacons are properly qualified (3:1–13)\n5. Paul commands Timothy regarding his own personal conduct (3:14–5:2)\n6. Paul gives instructions to ensure church support for worthy widows (5:3–16) and elders (5:17–20)\n7. Paul commands Timothy that he must be impartial (5:21–25)\n8. Paul gives instructions to ensure order in master-servant relationships (6:1–2a)\n9. Paul commands Timothy regarding how he should teach and conduct himself (6:2b–16)\n10. Paul gives instructions for how people who are rich should live (6:17–19)\n11. Paul commands Timothy to guard what has been entrusted to his care (6:20–21a)\n12. Closing blessing to the whole church (6:21b)\n\n### Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?\n\nA man named Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.\n\nPaul may have written other letters to Timothy, but this is the earliest one that we still have. That is why it is known as 1 Timothy or First Timothy. Timothy was Paul’s disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote this letter near the end of his life.\n\n### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?\n\nPaul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches while Timothy himself trained other leaders.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nTranslators may choose to call this book by its customary title, “1 Timothy” or “First Timothy.” Or they may choose a different title, such as “Paul’s First Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What is discipleship?\n\nDiscipleship is the process of making people to be disciples of Christ. The goal of discipleship is to encourage other Christians to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ”?\n\nPaul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.\n\n### What are the major textual issues in the text of the book of 1 Timothy?\n\nIn [6:5](../06/05.md), the oldest Greek manuscripts differ from later Greek manuscripts. Modern translations may also differ depending on the Greek manuscript that they translate from. The ULT text translates the Greek from the oldest manuscripts and puts the differences from later manuscripts in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider following the decision in that translation. If not, translators are advised to follow the oldest Greek manuscripts as reflected in the ULT text. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
-1:intro	a4v2				0	# 1 Timothy 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nPaul formally introduces this letter in verses 1–2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Spiritual children\n\nIn this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a “son” and his “child.” Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his “son in the faith.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Metaphor\n\nIn this chapter Paul speaks of people who are not fulfilling the purpose of their faith as if they had “missed the mark” that they were aiming at, as if they had “turned away” down a wrong path, and as if they had been “shipwrecked.” He speaks of following Jesus faithfully as “fighting the good fight.”
+1:intro	a4v2				0	# 1 Timothy 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n1. Greetings (1:1–2)\n2. Paul commands Timothy to tell people not to teach false doctrines (1:3–20)\n      * Paul commands Timothy to silence the false teachers (1:3–7)\n      * The purpose of the law (1:8–11)\n      * Paul thanks Jesus for his mercy and praises God (1:12–17)\n      * The reason for Paul’s command to Timothy (1:18–20)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The prophecies about Timothy\n\nIn [1:18](../01/18.md), Paul indicates that there were prophecies about Timothy. Paul implies that the prophecies are related to how Timothy will faithfully serve God by proclaiming the gospel. It is not clear when these prophecies were given. They may have been given before Timothy was born, when he was a child, when he became a believer, or when he was commissioned to serve with Paul. It is also not clear who gave these prophecies. When you translate this verse, it is best to refer to these prophecies with as few details as Paul gives.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Spiritual children\n\nIn [1:2](../01/02.md), Paul calls Timothy a “genuine child in the faith.” He means that Timothy is like a legitimate son to him in the context of their faith in Jesus. The phrase implies that Paul is a mentor to Timothy and that Timothy is a good student. When Paul again calls Timothy “child” in [1:18](../01/18.md), he means something very similar: Paul is Timothy’s mentor in the context of their faith in Jesus. Since the use of family language for fellow believers is an important metaphor in the New Testament, if possible preserve the metaphor or express the idea in simile form. See the notes on these verses for translation options. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Fighting the good fight\n\nIn [1:18](../01/18.md), Paul exhorts Timothy to “fight the good fight.” He compares how Timothy must serve God by proclaiming the gospel to how soldiers fight in a war. He implies that Timothy will experience conflict, danger, and hardship and that he must obey God and Paul as a soldier obeys his commanders. Since Paul uses warfare language to refer to the Christian life in many verses, if possible preserve the metaphor or express the idea in simile form. See the notes on this verse for translation options. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Shipwrecked regarding the faith\n\nIn [1:19](../01/19.md), Paul refers to people who “have shipwrecked regarding the faith.” As a ship breaks apart and sinks, so the faith of these people has ceased to function properly. They do not believe in Jesus any longer. If your readers would not be familiar with shipwrecks, you could consider using a comparable metaphor or stating the meaning plainly. See the notes on this verse for translation options. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### The list in [1:9–10](../01/09.md)\n\nIn these verses, Paul provides a list of some of the kinds of people for whom the law was given. Paul gives four pairs of words connected with “and,” six individual words, and then a concluding phrase. You may need to break this long list into multiple different sentences, as the UST does. If you do, you could still preserve the general structure of Paul’s list, as the UST does in most places. Consider how you would include a list of this kind in your language.
 1:1	i3zz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person\t	Παῦλος, ἀπόστολος	1	In this culture, letter writers would give their own names first, referring to themselves in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person here. Or if your language has a particular way of introducing the author of a letter, and if it would be helpful to your readers, you could use it here. Alternate translation: “From Paul. I am an apostle”\n
 1:1	xl6d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	κατ’ ἐπιταγὴν Θεοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **command**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “as it was commanded by God our Savior and by the Lord Jesus Christ”
 1:1	wb8j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν	1	Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe a **Savior** who saves us. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “who saves us”
@@ -13,79 +13,109 @@ front:intro	wy83				0	# Introduction to 1 Timothy\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
 1:2	rd5v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-blessing	χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	After stating his name and the name of the person to whom he is writing, Paul adds a blessing for Timothy. Use a form that people would recognize as a blessing in your language. Alternate translation: “May you experience grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord” or “I pray that grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord will always be with you”\n
 1:2	zx37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **Grace**, **mercy**, and **peace**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “May you be treated graciously, mercifully, and peacefully by God the Father and by Christ Jesus our Lord”
 1:2	p4lz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Θεοῦ Πατρὸς	1	**Father** is an important title for **God the Father** that describes his relationship with **Jesus**, his Son.
-1:3	k4tm			καθὼς παρεκάλεσά σε	1	Alternate translation: “As I told you”
+1:3-4	kmpv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	καθὼς παρεκάλεσά σε προσμεῖναι ἐν Ἐφέσῳ, πορευόμενος εἰς Μακεδονίαν, ἵνα παραγγείλῃς τισὶν μὴ ἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖν & μηδὲ προσέχειν μύθοις καὶ γενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις, αἵτινες ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσι μᾶλλον ἢ οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ, τὴν ἐν πίστει	1	Here Paul begins a comparison, using the phrase **Just as**, but he does not complete it. However, he implies that, **Just as** he **urged** Timothy to do these things at an earlier time, so now he urges Timothy to continue to do these things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the implied part of the comparison explicit. You could include it at the beginning of the sentence, at the end of the sentence, or somewhere else. Alternate translation: “I urge you now, just as I, going into Macedonia, urged you earlier, to remain in Ephesus so that you can command certain ones not to teach differently, and not to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies, which promote arguments rather than the stewardship of God, which is by faith.” or “Just as I, going into Macedonia, urged you to remain in Ephesus so that you can command certain ones not to teach differently, and not to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies, which promote arguments rather than the stewardship of God, which is by faith, so now I urge you again to do those things.”
+1:3	suy8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	πορευόμενος εἰς Μακεδονίαν	1	Here Paul could be implying that, when he previously **urged** Timothy to remain in Ephesus, he was: (1) in Ephesus with Timothy and was about to leave for **Macedonia**. Alternate translation: “being about to leave Ephesus for Macedonia” (2) already on his way to Macedonia. Alternate translation: “being on my way to Macedonia”
+1:3	k4tm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	πορευόμενος	1	In a context such as this, your language might say “coming” instead of **going**. Alternate translation: “coming”
 1:3	k35a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular	σε	1	In this letter, with one exception, the words **you**, “your,” and “yourself” refer to Timothy and so are singular. A note will discuss the one exception in [6:21](../06/21.md).
-1:3	amp4			προσμεῖναι ἐν Ἐφέσῳ	1	Alternate translation: “wait for me there in the city of Ephesus”
-1:3	t113			τισὶν	1	Alternate translation: “certain people”
-1:3	v4g2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖν	1	The implication is that these people were not teaching in a different way, but teaching different things than what Paul and Timothy taught. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “a different doctrine from what we teach”
-1:4	pw2h			μύθοις	1	These **myths** were fanciful stories of some kind, perhaps about the supposed exploits of various spiritual beings. But since we no longer know exactly what these stories were about, it would probably be best to use a general term for them. Alternate translation: “made-up stories”
-1:4	qpv9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	γενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις	1	Paul uses the term **endless** as an exaggeration to emphasize that these are very long. Alternate translation: “lists of names that seem as if they will never end”
-1:4	ft33			γενεαλογίαις	1	Usually, the term **genealogies** refers to a record of a person’s ancestors. However, in this case it could also mean a record of the supposed ancestors of spiritual beings. Alternate translation: “lists of names”
-1:4	qb9l			αἵτινες ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσι	1	The people were debating about these stories and lists of names, but no one could know for certain whether they were true. Alternate translation: “these make people disagree angrily”
-1:4	eu9f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind this phrasebehind the abstract noun **stewardship** with a concrete noun such as “plan” or “work.” Alternate translations: “helping us to understand God’s plan to save us” or “helping us to do God’s work”
-1:4	p2sr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τὴν ἐν πίστει	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the word **faith** with a verb such as “trust” or “believe.” Alternate translations: “which we learn by believing in God” or “which we do by trusting in God”
-1:5	myi5			δὲ	1	Paul here uses the word **Now** to introduce background information that will help Timothy understand the purpose of what he is commanding him. You can translate it with a word or phrase in your language that introduces background information.
-1:5	iwnk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal	τὸ δὲ τέλος τῆς παραγγελίας ἐστὶν	1	Here Paul is expressing to Timothy the **goal** or the outcome that he desires from the commands that Paul gave him. Alternate translation: “I am commanding these things in order to get this result”
-1:5	l7un			τῆς παραγγελίας	1	Here, **this command** refers to the instructions that Paul has given Timothy in [1:3](../01/03.md) and [1:4](../01/04.md).
-1:5	i9rs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἐστὶν ἀγάπη	1	That God’s people would show **love** is the goal of the command. If it is necessary to include the object of “love,” you could state “each other” or “others.” This may also include love for God. Alternate translation: “is that God’s people would love others”
-1:5	t123		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας	1	Here the **heart** represents a person’s thoughts and inclinations. Alternate translation: “from a desire for only what is good”
-1:5	mbe6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας	1	Here, **pure** indicates that the person wants only good things and does not have mixed motives that also include some bad ones. Alternate translation: “from a desire for only what is good”
-1:5	ar8t			συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς	1	Your translation should make it clear that love is the one goal of the command and is followed by three things that lead to this love. This is the second thing, after “a pure heart.” Alternate translation: “and from a conscience that leads a person to choose right instead of wrong”
-1:5	m53g			πίστεως ἀνυποκρίτου	1	Paul presents **a sincere faith** as the third thing that leads to love, which is the one goal of the command. It is not a third goal of the command. Alternate translations: “and from faith that is genuine” or “and from faith that is without hypocrisy”
-1:5	zziu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	πίστεως ἀνυποκρίτου	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the phrase **a sincere faith** by expressing the abstract noun **faith** with a verb such as “trust” or “believe.” Here, **faith** could refer to: (1) trust in God. (2) belief in true teaching about God. Alternate translations: “firmly trusting in God” or “sincerely believing the true message about God”
-1:6	j4z3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τινες ἀστοχήσαντες	1	Paul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target that people should aim at. Paul means that some people are not fulfilling the purpose of their faith, which is to love, as he has just explained. Alternate translation: “some people, who are not fulfilling the purpose of faith in Jesus”
-1:6	se38		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξετράπησαν εἰς	1	Here, **turned away** means these people have stopped doing what God has commanded. Alternate translation: “are no longer doing what God commands. Instead of that, they just engage in”
-1:7	v28u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	νομοδιδάσκαλοι	1	Here, **law** refers specifically to the law of Moses. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly, as in the UST.
-1:7	kz8x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	μὴ νοοῦντες	1	If the contrast is not clear in your language between what these people want to be (teachers of the law) and their ability to do it, you may want to mark the contrast. Alternate translations: “but not understanding” or “and yet they do not understand”
-1:7	t131		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	μὴ & μήτε & μήτε	1	Paul uses a triple negative in Greek for emphasis here, “not … neither … nor.” None of these negatives cancel each other to create a positive meaning. Instead, the negative meaning is retained throughout. If your language uses double negatives for emphasis that do not cancel one another, it would be appropriate to use that construction here.
-1:7	t132		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	ἃ λέγουσιν, μήτε περὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται	1	These two phrases mean similar things. Paul uses the repetition for emphasis. You do not need to put both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “the things that they say so confidently are true”
-1:8	d6dz			οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι καλὸς ὁ νόμος	1	Alternate translations: “we understand that the law is useful” or “we understand that the law is beneficial”
+1:3	v4g2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖν	1	The implication is that these people were teaching different things than what Paul and Timothy taught, not that they teaching in a different way. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “to teach what is different from what we teach” or “to teach a different doctrine”
+1:4	pw2h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	μύθοις	1	The word **myths** refers to a certain kind of story that is generally considered to be untrustworthy. This kind of story is often about what important people did a long time ago. Often, many people in a culture know these stories but do not consider them to be reliable historical narratives. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of story, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “fictional narratives” or “traditional tales”\n
+1:4	qpv9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	γενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις	1	Paul says **endless** here as an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “genealogies that seem as if they will never end” or “extremely lengthy genealogies”
+1:4	ft33		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	γενεαλογίαις	1	The word **genealogies** refers to lists of someone’s ancestors. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of list, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “collections of the names of forefathers” or “lists of important people from long ago”
+1:4	yjvq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἐκζητήσεις	1	Here, the word translated **arguments** could refer to: (1) debates or heated discussions. Alternate translation: “debates” (2) questions or enquiries. Alternate translation: “questions” or “speculations”
+1:4	qb9l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ	1	Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe a **stewardship** that could: (1) God has and works out. Alternate translation: “the stewardship that God carries out” (2) be given by God to his people. Alternate translation: “the stewardship from God” or “the stewardship given by God”\n
+1:4	eu9f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **stewardship**, you could express the same idea in another way. Make sure your translation fits with the interpretation you chose in the previous note. Alternate translation: “how God is stewarding everything” or “what God working out”
+1:4	awxg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τὴν ἐν πίστει	1	Here Paul could be implying that **the stewardship of God**: (1) is promoted or accomplished when people have **faith**. Alternate translation: “which is promoted by faith” or “which is brought about by faith” (2) is known or experienced when people have **faith**. Alternate translation: “which is known by faith” or “which people learn by faith”
+1:4	p2sr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τὴν ἐν πίστει	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in another way. Make sure that your translation fits with the interpretation you chose in the previous note. Alternate translations: “which we promote when we believe” or “which is promoted by believing in Jesus”
+1:5	myi5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	δὲ	1	Here Paul uses the word **Now** to introduce background information that will help Timothy understand the purpose of what he is commanding him to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces background information, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “To further explain what I am saying,”
+1:5	l7un		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τῆς παραγγελίας	1	Here, the phrase **the command** refers to what Paul has instructed Timothy to tell the “certain ones” in Ephesus (see [1:3–4](../01/03.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “of that command” or “of what I have instructed you to command them”
+1:5	i9rs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἐστὶν ἀγάπη	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is that people care for each other”
+1:5	t123		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας	1	In Paul’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **heart** by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by expressing the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “from a pure mind” or “from pure thoughts”\n
+1:5	ar8t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς	1	A **conscience** that is **good** is one that does not convict a person of doing anything wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a clean conscience” or “a conscience that is not guilty”
+1:5	zziu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	πίστεως ἀνυποκρίτου	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “from sincerely believing”\n
+1:6	ecoy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	ὧν	1	The pronoun **which** refers to the pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith in [1:5](../01/05.md). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to those things more directly. Alternate translation: “from which things” or “from which heart, conscience, and faith”
+1:6	j4z3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἀστοχήσαντες	1	Paul speaks as if a pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith were a **mark** or target that some people have **missed**. Paul means that these people have failed to attain those things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “not having gained those things”
+1:6	se38		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐξετράπησαν εἰς	1	Here Paul speaks of abandoning what is good to focus on **foolish talk** as if it were turning away from those good things **to foolish talk**. He means that these people have stopped pursuing the good things that Paul mentioned in the previous and instead are focusing on **foolish talk**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have deviated and focused on” or “have been distracted by”
+1:7	v28u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	νομοδιδάσκαλοι	1	Here, the word **law** refers specifically to the laws that God gave the Israelites through Moses. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “teachers of the law of Moses”
+1:7	t131		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	μὴ νοοῦντες μήτε & μήτε	1	The words translated **no**, **either*, and **or** are two three words. In this construction, the second and third negatives do not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, they give greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use three negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a triple negative here. If your language does not use three negatives in that way, you could translate with one or two negatives. Alternate translation: “understanding neither … nor”\n
+1:7	t132		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	μήτε ἃ λέγουσιν, μήτε περὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται	1	Here, the clauses **what they are saying** and **what they insist on** mean similar things. Paul is using the two clauses together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single clause. Alternate translation: “anything that they are saying” or “any of the things that they insist on”\n
+1:8	g1ey		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	δὲ	1	Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that Paul wishes to write about. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next topic, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Now”
 1:8	t134		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	οἴδαμεν	1	In this letter, Paul uses the words **we**, “us,” and “our” to refer either to Timothy and himself, or else to all believers, which would also include the two of them. So generally, these words include the addressee. A note will discuss the one possible exception in [4:10](../04/10.md).
-1:8	r86g			ἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται	1	Alternate translations: “if a person uses it correctly” or “if a person uses it in the way that God intended”
-1:9	xs94			εἰδὼς τοῦτο	1	Alternate translation: “we also know this”
-1:9	fq4i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this passive phrase with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: “God did not make the law for people who are righteous”
-1:9	dl5l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	δικαίῳ	1	Paul is using the adjective **righteous** as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this term by translating it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “for people who are righteous”
-1:9	t139		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	ἀνόμοις δὲ καὶ ἀνυποτάκτοις, ἀσεβέσι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, ἀνοσίοις καὶ βεβήλοις	1	Paul is also using these adjectives as nouns to refer to the classes of people that they describe. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this phrase by translating each of these adjectives with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who break the law, people who defy authority, people who do not honor God, people who commit sins, people who live as if God did not matter, people who live as if nothing was sacred”
-1:9	t141			πατρολῴαις καὶ μητρολῴαις, ἀνδροφόνοις	1	In this list Paul uses several compound words to express his meaning concisely and vividly. In each case the first term in the compound, a noun, is the object of the second term in the compound, a verb. Three of these compound words are in this verse, and two more are in the next verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express these terms by translating them either with single terms or with phrases. Alternate translations: “patricides and matricides, murders” or “people who kill other people, even their own fathers and mothers”
-1:9	t142		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀνδροφόνοις	1	Paul uses the term **man** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “murderers”
-1:10	y5dx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	πόρνοις	1	Paul is using the adjective **immoral** as a noun to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this term by translating it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who have sexual relations outside of marriage”
-1:10	v1gh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	ἀρσενοκοίταις	1	The term **male-liers** is the fourth compound word on the list. The term “lie” means to have sexual relations. Alternate translation: “men who have sexual relations with other males”
-1:10	bzw4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀνδραποδισταῖς	1	The term **man-stealers** is the fifth and last compound word on the list. Paul uses the term **man** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people who kidnap other people to sell them as slaves”
-1:10	gg42			καὶ εἴ τι ἕτερον τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ ἀντίκειται	1	Here Paul leaves out some of the words that, in many languages, a sentence would need to be complete. He means that if anything else is contrary to healthy teaching, then the law is made for people who do that, too. Alternate translation: “and for people who do anything else that is against wholesome teaching”
-1:10	t147		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ	1	The phrase **healthy teaching** is a figurative way to say that the teaching is good and reliable in every way and has no defect or corruption. A person with a healthy mind would recognize this teaching as correct. Alternate translation: “correct teaching”
-1:11	mg4t			τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ	1	This phrase could mean one of two things. Alternate translations: “the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God” or “the glorious gospel about the blessed God”
-1:11	a58d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγώ	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express what had been entrusted to Paul with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: “for which God made me responsible”
-1:12	t150			χάριν ἔχω	1	Alternate translation: “I am thankful”
+1:8	d6dz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὁ νόμος	1	Here, the word **law** refers specifically to the laws that God gave the Israelites through Moses. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make that idea more explicit. See how you referred to this **law** in [1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: “the law of Moses”
+1:8	r86g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται	1	Here Paul indicates that **the law {is} good** when people use it as God intended it to be used, that is, **lawfully**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translations: “if one uses it as it was intended to be used” or “if one uses it in the way that God intended”
+1:9	m7me		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo	εἰδὼς τοῦτο, ὅτι & νόμος	1	Here, the word **this** refers directly ahead to **that the law is not made for the righteous**. Paul expresses the idea in this way to emphasize what he is about to say. If using **this** to introduce an idea in would be redundant in your language, you could omit the redundant information. Alternate translation: “knowing that”\n
+1:9	xs94		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	εἰδὼς τοῦτο	1	Here, the phrase **knowing this** introduces a reason why Paul and other believers know that “the law if good” (see [1:8](../01/08.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “which we know because we also know this”
+1:9	fq4i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	νόμος οὐ κεῖται	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “God did not lay down the law”
+1:9	e4h5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	νόμος	1	Here, the phrase **the law** could refer to: (1) the laws that God gave the Israelites through Moses. Alternate translation: “the law of Moses” (2) laws in general. Alternate translation: “every law” or “law”
+1:9	t139		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	δικαίῳ & ἀνόμοις δὲ καὶ ἀνυποτάκτοις, ἀσεβέσι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, ἀνοσίοις καὶ βεβήλοις	1	Paul here uses adjectives as nouns to refer to groups of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate these word with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: “for righteous people, but for lawless and rebellious people, ungodly and sinful people, godless and profane people”
+1:9	t141		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	πατρολῴαις καὶ μητρολῴαις, ἀνδροφόνοις	1	In this list Paul uses several compound words to express his meaning concisely and vividly. In each case the first term in the compound, a noun, is the object of the second term in the compound, a verb. Three of these compound words are in this verse, and two more are in the next verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express these terms by translating them either with single terms or with phrases. Alternate translations: “patricides and matricides, murders” or “people who kill other people, even their own fathers and mothers”
+1:9	t142		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀνδροφόνοις	1	Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “human-slayers”
+1:10	y5dx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	πόρνοις	1	Paul is using the adjective **immoral** as a noun to mean immoral people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are immoral”
+1:10	v1gh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	ἀρσενοκοίταις	1	Here, the word **male-liers** refers to men who have sex with other men. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that refers to people who engage in homosexual behavior. Alternate translation: “homosexual men” or “men who practice homosexuality”
+1:10	bzw4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations	ἀνδραποδισταῖς	1	Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “people-stealers”
+1:10	nco6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	ἀνδραποδισταῖς	1	Here, the word **man-stealers** refers to people who kidnap others and sell them as slaves. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that refers to people who kidnap and sell others. Alternate translation: “kidnappers” or “people who kidnap and sell others”
+1:10	gg42		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	καὶ εἴ τι ἕτερον τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ ἀντίκειται	1	Here Paul leaves out some of the words that, in many languages, a sentence would need to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and people who do anything else that is contrary to the healthy teaching”\n
+1:10	t147		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ	1	Here Paul speaks as if **teaching** could be **healthy**. He means that this kind of **teaching** is good and reliable in every way and has no defect or corruption. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “teaching that is like healthy food” or “the correct teaching”
+1:11	mg4t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ	1	Here Paul could be using the possessive form to: (1) refer to **the gospel** that is about **the glory** that **the blessed God** has. Alternate translations: “the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God” (2) refer to **the gospel** that has **glory** and that came from **the blessed God**. Alternate translation: “the glorious gospel from the blessed God” (3) refer to **the gospel** that has **glory** and that is about **the blessed God**. Alternate translation: “the glorious gospel about the blessed God”\n
+1:11	to0k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **glory**, you could express the same idea in another way. Make sure that your translation fits with the option you chose in the previous note. Alternate translation: “the glorious gospel of the blessed God” or “the gospel of the glorious and blessed God”
+1:11	bbsm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “of the God whom we bless”
+1:11	a58d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγώ	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “with which God entrusted me”
+1:12	t150		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	χάριν ἔχω	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **gratitude**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I am grateful” or “I am thankful”
 1:12	uu6n			πιστόν με ἡγήσατο	1	Alternate translation: “he believed that he could rely on me”
-1:12	ff1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	θέμενος εἰς διακονίαν	1	Paul speaks of the task of serving God as if it were a location that one could be placed in. Alternate translations: “he assigned me to serve him” or “he appointed me as his servant”
-1:13	q75p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὄντα βλάσφημον	1	Paul is referring to his character before he believed in Jesus. He is probably referring to how he used to say that Jesus was not the Messiah and that people should not believe in him. Alternate translation: “I was a person who said wrong things about Jesus”
-1:13	gbd4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	διώκτην	1	Paul is referring to his character before he believed in Jesus. Alternate translation: “a person who persecuted those who believed in Jesus”
-1:13	k85c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ὑβριστήν	1	Paul is referring to his character before he believed in Jesus. Alternate translations: “a violent person” or “a person who used violence against those who believed in Jesus”
-1:13	rq2m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	ἠλεήθην, ὅτι ἀγνοῶν, ἐποίησα ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could change the order of these phrases since the second phrase, “not knowing,” gives the reason for the action that the first phrase, “I was shown mercy,” describes. Alternate translation: “I did not act the way God would have trusted me to act, but that was because I did not know what I was doing, and so Jesus had mercy on me”
-1:13	nv6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἠλεήθην	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express who showed **mercy** to Paul with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: “Jesus had mercy on me”
-1:14	t158			δὲ	1	Paul here uses the word **Indeed** to introduce an expanded description of the way Jesus treated him mercifully even though he persecuted the followers of Jesus. This description will help Timothy and the other believers in Ephesus to understand how great the mercy of Jesus is. Alternate translation: “in fact”
-1:14	c1lg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπερεπλεόνασεν & ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	Paul speaks of the **grace** of Jesus as if it were a liquid that fills a container until it flows over the top. Alternate translation: “Jesus showed me unlimited grace”
-1:14	z5lv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	μετὰ πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	This could refer to: (1) **faith and love** that he received from Jesus when he became **in** him, which would mean “in relationship with” him. Alternate translation: “and enabled me to trust him and love him” (2) **faith and love** that Jesus himself possesses and could be saying that these were the basis of the mercy that Jesus showed him. Alternate translation: “because he believed in me and loved me”
-1:15	z48s			πιστὸς ὁ λόγος	1	In this context, the term **word** refers to an entire statement. Alternate translation: “this statement is dependable”
-1:15	rh2r			καὶ πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could state explicitly who does this action. Alternate translations: “and we should believe it without any doubt” or “and we should have full confidence in it”
-1:15	t163		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks	Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ἦλθεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον ἁμαρτωλοὺς σῶσαι	1	Paul uses this phrase as a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers if you indicate this by setting off the words that follow, “Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners,” with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language may use to indicate a quotation.
-1:15	t164			ὧν πρῶτός εἰμι ἐγώ	1	Here the term **first** has the sense of the superlative example of a class, in this case a negative class. Alternate translation: “and I am the worst one of all”
-1:16	z5kg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἠλεήθην	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express who showed **mercy** to Paul with an active form, and you could state who did the action. Alternate translation: “Jesus had mercy on me”
-1:16	epe2			ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ	1	Alternate translation: “so that through me, the worst sinner of all”
-1:17	k9sc			δὲ	1	Paul here uses the word **Now** to introduce a change in what he is writing. As a result of what he has been teaching Timothy, he now writes a blessing to and about God. Use a word to indicate this change in your language, such as “so” or “now.”
-1:17	ts5z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τιμὴ καὶ δόξα	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **honor** and **grace** by stating the ideas behind the them with verbs. Alternate translation: “may people honor and glorify”
-1:18	ijn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ταύτην τὴν παραγγελίαν παρατίθεμαί σοι	1	Paul speaks of his instructions as if he could physically put them in front of Timothy. Alternate translations: “I am entrusting you with this command” or “this is what I am commanding you”
-1:18	b6uq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τέκνον	1	Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and **child**. This shows Paul’s sincere love and approval of Timothy. It is also likely that Paul personally led Timothy to trust in Christ, and that would be another reason why Paul considered him to be like his own child. Alternate translation: “you who are like my very own child”
-1:18	y6jg			κατὰ τὰς προαγούσας ἐπὶ σὲ προφητείας	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could state explicitly how these prophecies happened and who did this action. Alternate translation: “in agreement with what other believers prophesied about you”
-1:18	w2ex		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	στρατεύῃ & τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν	1	Paul speaks about Timothy doing his best for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “continue to do your best on behalf of the Lord”
-1:19	jj6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἔχων πίστιν	1	If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a phrase that uses a verb such as “trust” or “believe.” Here, **faith** could refer to: (1) a relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: “continue trusting in Jesus” (2) a belief in the message about Jesus. Alternate translation: “keep believing the true teaching”
-1:19	ly6q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἀγαθὴν συνείδησιν	1	See how you translated this phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “continuing to choose to do what is right instead of what is wrong”
-1:19	h2wk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τινες & περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν	1	Paul speaks of these people as if they were a ship that had sunk. He means that these people no longer believe in Jesus and no longer live as his followers. You could use this same figure, or a similar one from your culture, if your readers would understand this meaning. Otherwise, you could state as an alternative translation, “no longer belong to Jesus”
-1:19	dyr6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	περὶ τὴν πίστιν	1	If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith**. Here, **faith** could refer to: (1) a relationship with Jesus (or God). Alternate translation: “their relationship with Jesus” (2) the teachings about Jesus. Alternate translation: “the message about Jesus”
-1:20	pv7f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ὑμέναιος & Ἀλέξανδρος	1	**Hymenaeus** and **Alexander** are names of two men.
-1:20	ty7n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ	1	Paul speaks as if he physically took hold of these men and handed them **to Satan**. If this does not make sense in your language, you could state it plainly. Alternate translation: “I have allowed Satan to command them”
-1:20	az10		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ	1	This probably means that Paul expelled them from the community of believers. Since they are no longer a part of the community, Satan has access to them and can harm them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you may want to include this information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “I have allowed Satan to make them suffer”
-1:20	s76c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἵνα παιδευθῶσι	1	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this passive phrase with an active form, and you could state who would do the action. Alternate translation: “so that God may teach them”
+1:12	xdtt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	θέμενος εἰς διακονίαν	1	Here, the phrase **placing me into service** could be: (1) a result from how Jesus considered him to be trustworthy. Alternate translation: “with the result that he placed me into service” (2) a reason why Paul knows that Jesus considered him to be trustworthy. Alternate translation: “which I know because he placed me into service” (3) a second thing that Jesus did for Paul. Alternate translation: “and he placed me into service”
+1:12	ff1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	θέμενος εἰς διακονίαν	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **service**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translations: “assigning me to serve him” or “appointing me as a servant”
+1:13	utc1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast	τὸ πρότερον ὄντα	1	Here, the phrase **formerly being** introduces something that is unexpected given what Paul said in the previous verse about how Jesus considered him to be trustworthy. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces something unexpected and contrasting. Alternate translation: “although formerly being” or “and yet formerly I was”
+1:13	k8ft		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	πρότερον	1	Here Paul is referring specifically to his life before he believed in Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “before I believed” or “in my life before I had faith in Jesus”
+1:13	q75p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	βλάσφημον	1	Here Paul could be implying that he blasphemed: (1) Jesus. Alternate translation: “a blasphemer of Jesus” (2) God. Alternate translation: “a blasphemer of God”
+1:13	rq2m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	ἠλεήθην, ὅτι ἀγνοῶν, ἐποίησα ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ	1	If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “not knowing, I acted in unfaithfulness, so I was shown mercy”
+1:13	nv6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἠλεήθην	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate that it was: (1) Jesus. Alternate translation: “the Messiah showed me mercy” (2) God. Alternate translation: “God showed me mercy”
+1:13	tqxa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἠλεήθην	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **mercy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I was treated mercifully”
+1:13	w5lj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἀγνοῶν, ἐποίησα ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ	1	Here Paul could be implying that: (1) he **acted** in an ignorant way while he did not have faith. Alternate translation: “I acted ignorantly while I did not have faith” (2) he **acted** in an ignorant way because he did not have faith. Alternate translation: “I acted ignorantly since I did not have faith” (3) he **acted** ignorantly and without faith. Alternate translation: “I acted ignorantly and without faith”
+1:13	g4xz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἀγνοῶν	1	Here Paul implies that he did not fully know or understand the things that he did before he believed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “not knowing what my actions really were” or “not realizing what I was really doing”
+1:13	edh8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **unfaithfulness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “while I did not believe” or “without having trusted him”
+1:14	t158		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	δὲ	1	Paul here uses the word **But** to introduce an expanded description of the way Jesus treated him mercifully even though he persecuted the followers of Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of explanation, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” or “In fact,”
+1:14	c1lg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὑπερεπλεόνασεν & ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	Paul speaks of the **grace** of the Lord as if it were a liquid that filled a container until **overflowed**. He means that he received an extraordinary amount of **grace**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I received from the Lord so much grace” or “the Lord gave me very much grace”
+1:14	b68i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “our Lord acted so graciously that what he did”
+1:14	trs7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	Here, the phrase **our Lord** could refer to: (1) Jesus. Alternate translation: “of Jesus our Lord” (2) God the Father. Alternate translation: “of our Lord God”
+1:14	ifnv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	μετὰ πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης τῆς	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **faith** and **love**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “and helped me believe and love, which I do”
+1:14	wgzn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	Here, the phrase **in Christ Jesus** could describe: (1) both **faith** and **love**. Alternate translation: “that are both in Christ Jesus” (2) just **love**. Alternate translation: “that is in Christ Jesus”
+1:14	z5lv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	Paul uses the spatial metaphor **in Christ Jesus** to describe the union of believers with Christ. In this case, being **in Christ Jesus**, or united to **Christ Jesus**, explains how Paul has **faith** and **love**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that indicates that Paul has **faith** and **love** as one who has been united to **Christ Jesus**. Alternate translation: “that in union with Christ Jesus” or “that come from being united to Christ Jesus”\n
+1:15	z48s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	πιστὸς ὁ λόγος	1	Here, **word** represents what Paul is about to write using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “What I am about to write is trustworthy” or “The following words are trustworthy”
+1:15	andh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	πιστὸς & καὶ πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος	1	The terms **trustworthy** and **worthy of all acceptance** mean similar things. Paul is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “is completely trustworthy” or “worthy of complete acceptance”
+1:15	ox11		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος	1	Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe a **word** that deserves to be accepted. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another. Alternate translation: “should receive all acceptance” or “deserves to receive all acceptance”
+1:15	rh2r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	πάσης ἀποδοχῆς	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **acceptance**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translations: “of being completely accepted”
+1:15	t163		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks	Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ἦλθεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον ἁμαρτωλοὺς σῶσαι	1	These words are the **word** that Paul shares with Timothy. To indicate this, the ULT and UST put quotation marks around these words. The ULT also uses a dash to indicate that the words **of whom I am the first** are not part of the **word** that Paul shares with Timothy. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use quotation marks or another form to indicate which words are the ones that Paul introduces as the **word**.
+1:15	t164		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ὧν πρῶτός εἰμι ἐγώ	1	Here Paul speaks of the most sinful person, himself, as if he were **first** in a sequence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “of whom I am the worst” or “of whom I have the most sin”
+1:15	w9oh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	πρῶτός	1	If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “number one”
+1:16	bqft		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	διὰ τοῦτο	1	The pronoun **this** could refer to: (1) what Paul said in the previous verse about being the “first” sinner. Alternate translation: “because of that” or “because I am the first of sinners,” (2) what Paul is about to say in the rest of this verse. Alternate translation: “because of what I am about to tell you,”
+1:16	z5kg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	ἠλεήθην	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate that it was: (1) Jesus. Alternate translation: “the Messiah showed me mercy” (2) God. Alternate translation: “God showed me mercy”\n
+1:16	b6nw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἠλεήθην	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **mercy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I was treated mercifully”
+1:16	epe2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ	1	Here Paul could be: (1) again speaking of the most sinful person, himself, as if he were **first** in a sequence. See how you expressed the idea in [1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: “in me, the worst” or “in me, the one with the most sin” (2) indicating that he was shown mercy **first**, before **the ones about to believe in him**. Alternate translation: “in me first”\n
+1:16	ndrq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	πρώτῳ	1	If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “number one”
+1:16	bfb1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τὴν ἅπασαν μακροθυμίαν	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **patience**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how patiently he always acts”
+1:16	md2c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **life**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to live eternally”
+1:17	k9sc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	δὲ	1	Here, the word **Now** introduces the next thing that Paul wants to write about. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next idea, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,”
+1:17	ts5z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	τῷ & Βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων, ἀφθάρτῳ, ἀοράτῳ, μόνῳ Θεῷ, τιμὴ καὶ δόξα,	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **honor** and **glory**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “may people honor and glorify the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God,”
+1:17	tqr8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	τῷ & Βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων	1	Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe a **King** who rules during **the ages**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to the King who rules during the ages”
+1:17	eph0		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants	μόνῳ Θεῷ	1	Many ancient manuscripts read **the only God**. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “the only wise God.”  It is likely that the people who copied these manuscripts accidentally or intentionally included the word “wise” here because of the similar phrase “the only wise God” in [Romans 16:27](../rom/16/27.md). If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
+1:17	zdaa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	τιμὴ καὶ δόξα	1	The terms **honor** and **glory** mean similar things. Paul is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “be great honor” or “be much glory”
+1:17	yfyf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων	1	Here, the phrase **forever {and} ever** identifies an action that will never end, and it strongly emphasizes that it will never end. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase that emphasizes that an action will never end. Alternate translation: “without ever ceasing” or “from now on and always”
+1:18	s63a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ταύτην τὴν παραγγελίαν	1	Here, the phrase **This command** could refer to: (1) the command that Paul gave to Timothy in [1:3–5](../01/03.md) about staying in Ephesus and what to do there. Alternate translation: “The command that I have already told you about” (2) the instructions later in this verse about fighting the good fight. Alternate translation: “The following command”
+1:18	ijn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	παρατίθεμαί σοι	1	Paul speaks of his **command** as if it were an object that he could physically put in front of Timothy. He means that he has given this **command** to Timothy. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translations: “I am giving you” or “I am ordering you to follow”
+1:18	b6uq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	τέκνον	1	Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though Timothy were his **child**. Paul means that he is Timothy’s spiritual father, and Paul loves Timothy in the way a father loves his child. See how you expressed the similar idea in [1:2](../01/02.md). Alternate translation: “who are like a child to me” or “my spiritual son”\n
+1:18	y6jg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τὰς προαγούσας ἐπὶ σὲ προφητείας	1	Here Paul implies that some people had given prophecies about Timothy sometime **earlier**. These prophecies may have been spoken before Timothy was born, before Timothy became a believer, or when Timothy officially joined Paul to proclaim the gospel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. If possible, leave the exact timing of the prophecies unstated, as Paul does. Alternate translation: “the prophecies about you that people gave before” or “what some people prophesied about you some time ago”
+1:18	m744		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	ἐν αὐταῖς	1	Here, the phrase **in them** could indicate that Timothy should **fight the good fight**: (1) as the prophecies indicated that he would. Alternate translation: “in line with them” or “just as they indicated,” (2) by means of the prophecies, which function like weapons in the **fight**. Alternate translation: “by means of them” or “with them as weapons” (3) with the prophecies as his motivation. Alternate translation: “by remembering them” or “encouraged by them”
+1:18	w2ex		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	στρατεύῃ & τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν	1	Paul speaks about Timothy serving God by preaching the gospel and by confronting false teachers as if he it were fighting a **good fight**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in simile form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as a soldier fights the good fight, you might preach and defend the gospel” or “you might preach and defend the gospel well”
+1:18	jubb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν	1	Here, the phrase **the good fight** could indicate: (1) that someone is fighting well. Alternate translation: “the fight well” (2) that the **fight** is right or just. Alternate translation: “the just fight” or “the correct fight”
+1:19	jj6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	ἔχων πίστιν καὶ	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “believing and having”
+1:19	ly6q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	ἀγαθὴν συνείδησιν	1	A **conscience** that is **good** is one that does not convict a person of doing anything wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this phrase in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “a clean conscience” or “a conscience that is not guilty”\n
+1:19	h8iu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	ἥν	1	Here, the pronoun **which** could refer: (1) just to **good conscience**. Alternate translation: “which conscience” (2) to both **good conscience** and **faith**. Alternate translation: “both of which”
+1:19	e63r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	τινες	1	Paul is using the adjective **some** as a noun to mean some people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “some men and women”
+1:19	gtmk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν	1	Here Paul refers to how ships that sailed on the ocean could break apart or sink. When this happened, people had to try to survive in the water or swim to shore. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to this kind of event. Alternate translation: “have had their ship sink regarding the faith” or “have had their ship regarding the faith break apart”\n
+1:19	h2wk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν	1	Paul speaks of these people and their **faith** as if they were on a ship that had sunk. He means that these people have lost their **faith**, just as people in a shipwreck lose the ship and everything on it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have wrecked regarding their faith” or “have destroyed their faith”
+1:19	dyr6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	περὶ τὴν πίστιν	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how they once believed”
+1:20	pv7f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ὑμέναιος & Ἀλέξανδρος	1	The words **Hymenaeus** and **Alexander** are the names of two men.
+1:20	ty7n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ	1	To give someone over to someone else refers to transferring a person from one authority to another. Here, then, Paul says that he has transferred these two men from under the authority of the church to under the authority of **Satan**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have turned over to Satan” or “I have put under Satan’s authority”\n
+1:20	s76c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	παιδευθῶσι μὴ βλασφημεῖν	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate that it was their punishment. Alternate translation: “they might realize that they should not blaspheme” or “this punishment may teach them not to blaspheme”
 2:intro	c6rf				0	# 1 Timothy 2 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Peace\n\nPaul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way.\n\n### Women in the church\n\nScholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe that God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Other scholars believe that God wants women to use the gifts He gives them on an equal basis with men. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
 2:1	yk2z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	πρῶτον πάντων	1	As in [1:15](../01/15.md), the term **first** means the superlative example of a class. Alternate translation: “most importantly”
 2:1	iag7			παρακαλῶ	1	Alternate translation: “I encourage” or “I exhort”