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Update Acts TN's to current UGNT and ULT snippets (#1821)
Merge branch 'master' into lrsallee-tc-create-1 Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_45-ACT.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Co-authored-by: lrsallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1821 Co-Authored-By: Larry Sallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org> Co-Committed-By: Larry Sallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org>
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ACT front intro mw28 0 # Introduction to Acts<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Acts<br><br>1. The beginning of the church and its mission (1:1–2:41)<br>1. The early church in Jerusalem (2:42–6:7)<br>1. Increasing opposition and the martyrdom of Steven (6:8–7:60)<br>1. The persecution of the church and Philip’s ministry (8:1–40)<br>1. Paul becomes an apostle (9:1–31)<br>1. The ministry of Peter and the first Gentile converts (9:32–12:24)<br>1. Paul, the apostle to Gentiles, the Jewish law, and council of church leaders at Jerusalem (12:25–16:5)<br>1. The expansion of the church into the middle Mediterranean area and Asia Minor (16:6–19:20)<br>1. Paul travels to Jerusalem and becomes a prisoner in Rome (19:21–28:31)<br><br>### What is the Book of Acts about?<br><br>The Book of Acts tells the story of the early church as more and more people became believers. It shows the power of the Holy Spirit helping the early Christians. The events in this book began when Jesus went back to heaven and ended about thirty years later.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “The Acts of the Apostles.” Or translators may choose a title that may be clearer, for example, “The Acts of the Holy Spirit through the Apostles.”<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Acts?<br><br>This book does not give the name of the author. However, it is addressed to Theophilus, the same person to whom the Gospel of Luke is addressed. Also, in parts of the book, the author uses the word “we.” This indicates that the author traveled with Paul. Most scholars think that Luke was this person traveling with Paul. Therefore, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought Luke is the author of the Book of Acts as well as the Gospel of Luke.<br><br>Luke was a medical doctor. His way of writing shows that he was an educated man. He was probably a Gentile. He saw many of the events described in the Book of Acts.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is the Church?<br><br>The Church is the group of people who believe in Christ. The Church includes both Jew and Gentile believers. The events in this book show God helping the Church. He empowered believers to live righteous lives through his Holy Spirit.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Acts?<br><br>These are the most significant textual issues in Acts:<br><br>The following verses are found in older versions of the Bible, but they are not in the best ancient copies of the Bible. Some modern versions put the verses in square brackets ([]). The ULT and UST put them in a footnote.<br><br>* “Philip said, ‘If you believe with all your heart, you may be baptized.’ The Ethiopian answered, ‘I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God’” (Acts 8:37).<br>* “But it seemed good to Silas to remain there.” (Acts 15:34)<br>* “And we wanted to judge him according to our law. But Lysias, the officer, came and forcibly took him out of our hands, sending him to you.” (Acts 24:6b-8a)<br>* “When he had said these things, the Jews departed, having a great dispute among themselves.” (Acts 28:29)<br><br>In the following verses, it is uncertain what the original text said. Translators will need to choose which reading to translate. The ULT has the first readings but include the second readings in footnotes.<br>* “They returned from Jerusalem” (Acts 12:25). Some versions read, “They returned to Jerusalem (or to there).”<br>* “he put up with them” (Acts 13:18). Some versions read, “he cared for them.”<br>* “This is what the Lord says, who has done these things that have been known from ancient times.” (Acts 15:17-18). Some older versions read, “This is what the Lord says, to whom are known all his deeds from ancient times.”<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
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ACT 1 intro vyg9 0 # Acts 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records an event, commonly known as the “Ascension,” when Jesus returned to heaven after he became alive again. He will not come back until he returns at his “second coming.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]])<br><br>The UST has set the words “Dear Theophilus” apart from the other words. This is because English speakers often start letters this way. You might want to start this book the way people start letters in your culture.<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the two quotes from Psalms in 1:20.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Baptize<br><br>The word “baptize” has two meanings in this chapter. It refers to the water baptism of John and to the baptism of the Holy Spirit ([Acts 1:5](../../act/01/05.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/baptize]])<br><br>### “He spoke about the kingdom of God”<br><br>Some scholars believe that when Jesus “spoke about the kingdom of God,” he explained to the disciples why the kingdom of God did not come before he died. Others believe that the kingdom of God did begin while Jesus was alive and that here Jesus was explaining that it was beginning in a new form.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### The twelve disciples<br><br>The following are the lists of the twelve disciples:<br><br>In Matthew:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Mark:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Luke:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James.<br><br>### Akeldama<br><br>This is a phrase in Hebrew or Aramaic. Luke used Greek letters so his readers would know how it sounded, and then he told what it means. You should probably spell it the way it sounds in your language and then explain the meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
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ACT 1 1 q9ep τὸν μὲν πρῶτον λόγον ἐποιησάμην 1 The former book I wrote The former book is the Gospel of Luke.
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ACT 1 1 ryj5 translate-names ὦ Θεόφιλε 1 Theophilus Luke wrote this book to a man named Theophilus. Some translations follow their own culture’s way of addressing a letter and write “Dear Theophilus” at the beginning of the sentence. Theophilus means “friend of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 1 2 n435 figs-activepassive ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας…ἀνελήμφθη 1 until the day that he was taken up This refers to Jesus’ ascension into heaven. Alternate translation: “until the day on which God took him up to heaven” or “until the day that he ascended into heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 2 a394 ἐντειλάμενος…διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1 commands through the Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things.
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ACT 1 1 q9ep τὸν μὲν πρῶτον λόγον ἐποιησάμην 1 The former book I wrote The **former book** is the Gospel according to Luke.
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ACT 1 1 ryj5 translate-names ὦ Θεόφιλε 1 O Theophilus Luke wrote this book to a man named **Theophilus**. Some translations follow their own culture’s way of addressing a letter and write “Dear Theophilus” at the beginning of the sentence. Theophilus means “friend of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 1 2 n435 figs-activepassive ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας…ἀνελήμφθη 1 until the day when he was taken up This refers to Jesus’ ascension into heaven. Alternate translation: “until the day on which God took him up to heaven” or “until the day that he ascended into heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 2 a394 ἐντειλάμενος…διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1 having given commands through the Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things.
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ACT 1 3 dup3 μετὰ τὸ παθεῖν αὐτὸν 1 After his suffering This refers to Jesus’ suffering and death on the cross.
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ACT 1 3 yc16 οἷς…παρέστησεν ἑαυτὸν ζῶντα 1 he presented himself alive to them Jesus appeared to his apostles and to many other disciples.
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ACT 1 3 yc16 οἷς…παρέστησεν ἑαυτὸν ζῶντα 1 he…presented himself alive to them Jesus appeared to his apostles and to many other disciples.
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ACT 1 4 d3kr figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word “he” refers to Jesus. Except where otherwise noted, the word “you” in the book of Acts is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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ACT 1 4 lw3e 0 Connecting Statement: This event happened during the 40 days that Jesus appeared to his followers after he had risen from the dead.
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ACT 1 4 vb7g καὶ συναλιζόμενος 1 When he was meeting together with them “When Jesus was meeting together with his apostles”
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ACT 1 4 vb7g συναλιζόμενος 1 meeting together with them “When Jesus was meeting together with his apostles”
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ACT 1 4 sg4h figs-metonymy τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Πατρὸς 1 the promise of the Father This is a reference to the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit, whom the Father promised to send” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 1 4 tj6r ἣν 1 about which, he said If you translated the previous phrase to include the words “Holy Spirit,” you can change the word “which” to “whom.” Alternate translation: “about whom Jesus said”
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ACT 1 5 uu4k Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι;…ἐν Πνεύματι βαπτισθήσεσθε Ἁγίῳ 1 John indeed baptized with water…baptized in the Holy Spirit Jesus contrasts how John baptized people in water with how God would baptize believers in the Holy Spirit.
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ACT 1 4 tj6r ἣν 1 which If you translated the previous phrase to include the words “Holy Spirit,” you can change the word **which** to “whom.”
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ACT 1 5 uu4k Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι; ὑμεῖς δὲ ἐν Πνεύματι βαπτισθήσεσθε Ἁγίῳ 1 John indeed baptized with water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit Jesus contrasts how John baptized people in water with how God would baptize believers in the Holy Spirit.
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ACT 1 5 fnq5 Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι 1 John indeed baptized with water “John indeed baptized people with water”
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ACT 1 5 dzj1 figs-activepassive ὑμεῖς…βαπτισθήσεσθε 1 you shall be baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will baptize you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 5 dzj1 figs-activepassive ὑμεῖς…βαπτισθήσεσθε 1 you will be baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will baptize you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 6 n9wt 0 General Information: Here the word “they” refers to the apostles.
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ACT 1 6 f7uj εἰ ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τούτῳ, ἀποκαθιστάνεις τὴν βασιλείαν τῷ Ἰσραήλ 1 is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel “will you now make Israel a great kingdom again”
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ACT 1 7 y1fu figs-doublet χρόνους ἢ καιροὺς 1 the times or the seasons Possible meanings are (1) the words “times” and “seasons” refer to different kinds of time. Alternate translation: “the general period of time or the specific date” or (2) the two words are basically synonymous. Alternate translation: “the exact time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 1 8 ld4k λήμψεσθε δύναμιν,…καὶ ἔσεσθέ μου μάρτυρες, 1 you will receive power…and you will be my witnesses The apostles will receive power that will enable them to be witnesses for Jesus. Alternate translation: “God will empower you…to be my witnesses”
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ACT 1 8 vb4m figs-idiom ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς 1 to the ends of the earth Possible meanings are (1) “all over the world” or (2) “to the places on earth that are farthest away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 1 9 e1q1 figs-explicit βλεπόντων αὐτῶν 1 as they were looking up “as they watched.” The apostles “were looking up” at Jesus because Jesus rose into the sky. Alternate translation: “as they were looking up at the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 6 f7uj εἰ ἐν τῷ χρόνῳ τούτῳ, ἀποκαθιστάνεις τὴν βασιλείαν τῷ Ἰσραήλ 1 are you restoring the kingdom to Israel at this time “will you now make Israel a great kingdom again”
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ACT 1 7 y1fu figs-doublet χρόνους ἢ καιροὺς 1 the times or the seasons Possible meanings are (1) the words **times** and **seasons** refer to different kinds of time. Alternate translation: “the general period of time or the specific date” or (2) the two words are basically synonymous. Alternate translation: “the exact time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 1 8 ld4k λήμψεσθε δύναμιν,…καὶ ἔσεσθέ μου μάρτυρες 1 you will receive power…and you will be my witnesses The apostles will receive power that will enable them to be witnesses for Jesus. Alternate translation: “God will empower you…to be my witnesses”
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ACT 1 8 vb4m figs-idiom ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς 1 to the end of the earth Possible meanings are (1) “all over the world” or (2) “to the places on earth that are farthest away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 1 9 e1q1 figs-explicit βλεπόντων αὐτῶν 1 as they were looking up “as they watched.” The apostles **were looking up** at Jesus because Jesus rose into the sky. Alternate translation: “as they were looking up at the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 9 l1cq figs-activepassive ἐπήρθη 1 he was raised up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he rose up into the sky” or “God took him up into the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 9 ug58 νεφέλη ὑπέλαβεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτῶν 1 a cloud hid him from their eyes “a cloud blocked their view so that they could no longer see him”
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ACT 1 10 enu1 ἀτενίζοντες…εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 looking intensely to heaven “staring at the sky” or “gazing at the sky”
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ACT 1 11 gpg3 ἄνδρες, Γαλιλαῖοι 1 You men of Galilee The angels address the apostles as men who are from Galilee.
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ACT 1 10 enu1 ἀτενίζοντες…εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 looking intensely into heaven “staring at the sky” or “gazing at the sky”
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ACT 1 11 gpg3 ἄνδρες, Γαλιλαῖοι 1 Men, Galileans The angels address the apostles as men who are from Galilee.
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ACT 1 11 cue7 ἐλεύσεται ὃν τρόπον 1 will return in the same manner Jesus will return in the sky, just as clouds covered him when he arose into heaven.
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ACT 1 12 x2nk τότε ὑπέστρεψαν 1 Then they returned “The apostles returned”
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ACT 1 12 x2nk τότε ὑπέστρεψαν 1 Then they returned “Then the apostles returned”
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ACT 1 12 p19g figs-explicit Σαββάτου ἔχον ὁδόν 1 a Sabbath day’s journey This refers to the distance which, according to Rabbinical tradition, a person was allowed to walk on a Sabbath day. Alternate translation: “about one kilometer away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 13 vis2 καὶ ὅτε εἰσῆλθον 1 When they arrived “When they reached their destination.” Verse 12 says they were returning to Jerusalem.
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ACT 1 13 vis2 καὶ ὅτε εἰσῆλθον 1 When they had arrived Verse 12 says they were returning to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “When they had reached their destination”
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ACT 1 13 zt12 τὸ ὑπερῷον 1 the upper chamber “the room on the upper level of the house”
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ACT 1 14 z6cf οὗτοι πάντες ἦσαν…ὁμοθυμαδὸ 1 They were all united as one This means that the apostles and believers there all shared a common commitment and purpose, and there was no strife among them.
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ACT 1 14 u4pr προσκαρτεροῦντες…τῇ προσευχῇ 1 as they diligently continued in prayer This means that the disciples prayed together regularly and frequently.
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ACT 1 14 z6cf οὗτοι πάντες ἦσαν…ὁμοθυμαδὸν 1 They were all…with one accord This means that the apostles and believers there all shared a common commitment and purpose, and there was no strife among them.
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ACT 1 14 u4pr προσκαρτεροῦντες…τῇ προσευχῇ 1 diligently continuing in prayer This means that the disciples prayed together regularly and frequently.
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ACT 1 15 cup2 0 Connecting Statement: This event happened during the time that Peter and the other believers were staying together in the upper room.
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ACT 1 15 il8w writing-newevent ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις 1 In those days These words mark the beginning of a new part of the story. They refer to the period of time after Jesus ascended while the disciples were meeting in the upper chamber. Alternate translation: “During that time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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ACT 1 15 tl5m translate-numbers ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι 1 120 people “one hundred and twenty people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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ACT 1 15 liz1 ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1 in the midst of the brothers Here the word “brothers” refers to fellow believers and includes both men and women.
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ACT 1 16 i8tl figs-activepassive ἔδει πληρωθῆναι τὴν Γραφὴν 1 it was necessary that the scripture should be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that we read about in scripture had to take place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 16 f3um figs-metonymy διὰ στόματος Δαυεὶδ 1 by the mouth of David The word “mouth” refers to the words that David wrote. Alternate translation: “through the words of David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 1 15 il8w writing-newevent ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις 1 In those days These words mark the beginning of a new part of the story. They refer to the period of time after Jesus ascended while the disciples were meeting in the upper chamber. Alternate translation: “During that time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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ACT 1 15 tl5m translate-numbers ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι 1 120 “one hundred and twenty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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ACT 1 15 liz1 ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἀδελφῶν 1 in the midst of the brothers Here the word **brothers** refers to fellow believers and includes both men and women.
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ACT 1 16 i8tl figs-activepassive ἔδει πληρωθῆναι τὴν Γραφὴν 1 it was necessary for the scripture to be fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that we read about in scripture had to take place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 16 f3um figs-metonymy διὰ στόματος Δαυεὶδ 1 by the mouth of David The word **mouth** refers to the words that David wrote. Alternate translation: “through the words of David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 1 17 tmv1 writing-background 0 General Information: In verses 18-19 the author tells the reader background information about how Judas died and what people called the field where he died. This is not part of Peter’s speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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ACT 1 17 tmv2 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Although Peter is addressing the entire group of people, here the word “us” refers only to the apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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ACT 1 17 q73y 0 Connecting Statement: In verse 17 Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md).
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ACT 1 18 dd58 οὗτος…οὖν 1 Now this man The words “this man” refers to Judas Iscariot.
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ACT 1 18 w83j figs-explicit μισθοῦ τῆς ἀδικίας 1 the earnings he received for his wickedness “the money that he earned from the evil thing that he did.” The words “his wickedness” refer to Judas Iscariot’s betraying Jesus to the people who killed him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 18 kg3q figs-explicit πρηνὴς γενόμενος, ἐλάκησεν μέσος, καὶ ἐξεχύθη πάντα τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ 1 there he fell headfirst, and his body burst open, and all his intestines poured out This suggests that Judas fell from a high place, rather than just falling down. The fall was severe enough to cause his body to burst open. Other passages of scripture mention that he hanged himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 18 dd58 οὗτος 1 this man The words **this man** refers to Judas Iscariot.
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ACT 1 18 w83j figs-explicit μισθοῦ τῆς ἀδικίας 1 the wages of his unrighteousness The words **his unrighteousness** refer to Judas Iscariot betraying Jesus to the people who killed him. Alternate translation: “the money that he earned from the evil thing that he did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 18 kg3q figs-explicit πρηνὴς γενόμενος, ἐλάκησεν μέσος, καὶ ἐξεχύθη πάντα τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ 1 having fallen headfirst, his belly burst open, and all his inward parts were poured out This suggests that Judas fell from a high place, rather than just falling down. The fall was severe enough to cause his body to burst open. Other passages of scripture mention that he hanged himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 19 mxf3 Χωρίον Αἵματος 1 Field of Blood When the people living in Jerusalem heard of the way in which Judas died, they renamed the field.
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ACT 1 20 d7pk 0 General Information: Based on the situation with Judas that Peter just recounted, he recalls two Psalms of David that relate to the incident. The quote ends at the end of this verse.
|
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ACT 1 20 mz13 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md).
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ACT 1 20 ip5w figs-activepassive γέγραπται γὰρ ἐν βίβλῳ Ψαλμῶν 1 For it is written in the Book of Psalms This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For David wrote in the Book of Psalms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 1 20 mc45 figs-parallelism γενηθήτω ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ ἔρημος, καὶ μὴ ἔστω ὁ κατοικῶν ἐν αὐτῇ 1 Let his field be made desolate, and do not let even one person live there These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ACT 1 20 chq4 figs-metaphor γενηθήτω ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ ἔρημος 1 Let his field be made desolate Possible meanings are (1) that the word “field” refers to the field where Judas died or (2) that the word “field” refers to Judas’s dwelling place and is a metaphor for his family line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 1 20 lsm2 γενηθήτω…ἔρημος 1 be made desolate “become empty”
|
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ACT 1 20 mc45 figs-parallelism γενηθήτω ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ ἔρημος, καὶ μὴ ἔστω ὁ κατοικῶν ἐν αὐτῇ 1 Let his dwelling place be made desolate, and do not let a person live in it These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ACT 1 20 chq4 figs-metaphor ἡ ἔπαυλις αὐτοῦ 1 his dwelling place Possible meanings are (1) that the words **dwelling place** refers to the field where Judas died or (2) that the words **dwelling place** refers to Judas’s home and is a metaphor for his family line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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ACT 1 20 lsm2 γενηθήτω…ἔρημος 1 Let…be made desolate “Let…become empty”
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ACT 1 21 xz69 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “us” refers to the apostles and does not include the audience to whom Peter is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
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ACT 1 21 t916 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes his speech to the believers that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md).
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ACT 1 21 c5k2 δεῖ οὖν 1 It is necessary, therefore Based on the scriptures that he quoted and on what Judas had done, Peter tells the group what they must do.
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ACT 1 21 zuf7 figs-idiom εἰσῆλθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ὁ Κύριος Ἰησοῦς 1 the Lord Jesus went in and out among us Going in and out among a group of people is a metaphor for openly being part of that group. Alternate translation: “the Lord Jesus lived among us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 1 22 mrx7 ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήμφθη ἀφ’ ἡμῶν, μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι ἕνα τούτων 1 beginning from the baptism of John…become a witness with us of his resurrection The qualification for the new apostle that began with the words “It is necessary…that one of the men who accompanied us” in verse 21 ends here. The subject of the verb “must be” is thus “one of the men.” Here is a reduced form of the sentence: “It is necessary…that one of the men who accompanied us…beginning from the baptism of John…must be a witness with us.”
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ACT 1 22 qb8j figs-abstractnouns ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου 1 beginning from the baptism of John The noun “baptism” can be translated as a verb. Possible meanings: (1) “beginning from when John baptized Jesus” or (2) “beginning from when John baptized people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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ACT 1 21 c5k2 δεῖ οὖν 1 Therefore, it is necessary for Based on the scriptures that he quoted and on what Judas had done, Peter tells the group what they must do.
|
||||
ACT 1 21 zuf7 figs-idiom εἰσῆλθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ὁ Κύριος Ἰησοῦς 1 the Lord Jesus came in and went out among us Going in and out among a group of people is a metaphor for openly being part of that group. Alternate translation: “the Lord Jesus lived among us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 1 22 mrx7 ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήμφθη ἀφ’ ἡμῶν, μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι ἕνα τούτων 1 beginning from the baptism of John to the day that he was taken up from us—one of these to become a witness with us of his resurrection The qualification for the new apostle that began with the words “it is necessary for, of the men who accompanied us” in verse 21 ends here. The subject of the verb “it is necessary for” is thus “one of these.” Here is a reduced form of the sentence: “it is necessary for…one of these men who accompanied us…beginning from the baptism of John…to be a witness with us.”
|
||||
ACT 1 22 qb8j figs-abstractnouns ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου 1 beginning from the baptism of John The noun **baptism** can be translated as a verb. Possible meanings: (1) “beginning from when John baptized Jesus” or (2) “beginning from when John baptized people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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ACT 1 22 yi3a figs-activepassive ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς ἀνελήμφθη ἀφ’ ἡμῶν 1 to the day that he was taken up from us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the day when Jesus left us and rose up to heaven” or “until the day that God took him up from us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 1 22 g3n9 μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι 1 become a witness with us of his resurrection “must begin to testify with us about his resurrection”
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ACT 1 23 lz7y figs-explicit ἔστησαν δύο 1 They put forward two men Here the word “They” refers to all of the believers who were present. Alternate translation: “They proposed two men who fulfilled the requirements that Peter listed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 23 s1ff figs-activepassive Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαββᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος 1 Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also named Justus This can be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: “Joseph, whom people also called Barsabbas and Justus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 1 24 zd1f figs-explicit προσευξάμενοι, εἶπαν 1 They prayed and said Here the word “They” refers to all of the believers, but it was probably one of the apostles who spoke these words. Alternate translation: “The believers prayed together and one of the apostles said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 24 se6m figs-metonymy σὺ Κύριε, καρδιογνῶστα πάντων 1 You, Lord, know the hearts of all people Here the word “hearts” refers to the thoughts and motives. Alternate translation: “You, Lord, know the thoughts and motives of everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 1 25 mg47 figs-doublet λαβεῖν τὸν τόπον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης καὶ ἀποστολῆς 1 to take the place in this ministry and apostleship Here the word “apostleship” defines what kind of “ministry” this is. Alternate translation: “to take Judas’ place in this apostolic ministry” or “to take Judas’ place in serving as an apostle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 1 25 ryv6 ἀφ’ ἧς παρέβη Ἰούδας 1 from which Judas turned away Here the expression “turned away” means that Judas stopped performing this ministry. Alternate translation: “which Judas stopped fulfilling”
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ACT 1 22 g3n9 μάρτυρα τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ σὺν ἡμῖν, γενέσθαι 1 to become a witness with us of his resurrection “must begin to testify with us about his resurrection”
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||||
ACT 1 23 lz7y figs-explicit ἔστησαν δύο 1 They stood up two men Here the word **they** refers to all of the believers who were present. Alternate translation: “they proposed two men who fulfilled the requirements that Peter listed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 1 23 s1ff figs-activepassive Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καλούμενον Βαρσαββᾶν, ὃς ἐπεκλήθη Ἰοῦστος 1 Joseph who is called Barsabbas, who was also named Justus This can be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: “Joseph, whom people also called Barsabbas and Justus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 1 24 zd1f figs-explicit προσευξάμενοι, εἶπαν 1 having prayed, they said Here the word **they** refers to all of the believers, but it was probably one of the apostles who spoke these words. Alternate translation: “the believers prayed together and one of the apostles said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 1 24 se6m figs-metonymy σὺ Κύριε, καρδιογνῶστα πάντων 1 You, Lord, know the hearts of everyone Here the word **hearts** refers to the thoughts and motives. Alternate translation: “You, Lord, know the thoughts and motives of everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 1 25 mg47 figs-doublet λαβεῖν τὸν τόπον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης καὶ ἀποστολῆς 1 to take the place of this ministry and apostleship Here the word **apostleship** defines what kind of **ministry** this is. Alternate translation: “to take Judas’ place in this apostolic ministry” or “to take Judas’ place in serving as an apostle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 1 25 ryv6 ἀφ’ ἧς παρέβη Ἰούδας 1 from which Judas turned away Here the expression **turned away** means that Judas stopped performing this ministry. Alternate translation: “which Judas stopped fulfilling”
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ACT 1 25 tx6n figs-euphemism πορευθῆναι εἰς τὸν τόπον τὸν ἴδιον 1 to go to his own place This phrase refers to Judas’ death and likely to his judgment after death. Alternate translation: “to go where he belongs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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ACT 1 26 r84c ἔδωκαν κλήρους αὐτοῖς 1 They cast lots for them The apostles cast lots to decide between Joseph and Matthias.
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ACT 1 26 r84c ἔδωκαν κλήρους αὐτοῖς 1 they cast lots for them The apostles cast lots to decide between Joseph and Matthias.
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ACT 1 26 w4ph ἔπεσεν ὁ κλῆρος ἐπὶ Μαθθίαν 1 the lot fell to Matthias The lot indicated that Matthias was the one to replace Judas.
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ACT 1 26 fk4x figs-activepassive συνκατεψηφίσθη μετὰ τῶν ἕνδεκα ἀποστόλων 1 he was numbered with the eleven apostles This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the believers considered him to be an apostle with the other eleven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 intro x8fr 0 # Acts 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 2:17-21, 25-28, and 34-35.<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quoted material in 2:31.<br><br>The events described in this chapter are commonly called “Pentecost.” Many people believe that the church began to exist when the Holy Spirit came to live inside believers in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Tongues<br><br>The word “tongues” has two meanings in this chapter. Luke describes what came down from heaven ([Acts 2:3](../../act/02/03.md)) as tongues that looked like fire. This is different from “a tongue of flame,” which is a fire that looks like a tongue. Luke also uses the word “tongues” to describe the languages that the people spoke after the Holy Spirit filled them ([Acts 2:4](../02/04.md)).<br><br>### Last days<br><br>No one knows for sure when the “last days” ([Acts 2:17](../../act/02/17.md)) began. Your translation should not say more than the ULT does about this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])<br><br>### Baptize<br><br>The word “baptize” in this chapter refers to Christian baptism ([Acts 2:38-41](../02/38.md)). Though the event described in [Acts 2:1-11](./01.md) is the baptism of the Holy Spirit that Jesus promised in [Acts 1:5](../../act/01/05.md), the word “baptize” here does not refer to that event. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/baptize]])<br><br>### The prophecy of Joel<br><br>Many of the things that Joel said would happen did happen on the day of Pentecost ([Acts 2:17-18](../02/17.md)), but some things Joel spoke of did not happen ([Acts 2:19-20](../02/19.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>### Wonders and signs<br><br>These words refer to things that only God could do that showed that Jesus is who the disciples said he is.
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ACT 2 1 i4sa 0 General Information: This is a new event; it is now the Day of Pentecost, 50 days after Passover.
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ACT 2 1 i4sb 0 General Information: Here the word “they” refers to the apostles and the other 120 believers that Luke mentions in [Acts 1:15](../01/15.md).
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ACT 2 2 jc1w ἄφνω 1 Suddenly This word refers to an event that happens unexpectedly.
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ACT 2 2 qjc3 ἐγένετο…ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἦχος 1 there came from heaven a sound Possible meanings are (1) “heaven” refers to the place where God lives. Alternate translation: “a sound came from heaven” or (2) “heaven” refers to the sky. Alternate translation: “a sound came from the sky”
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ACT 2 2 jec5 ἦχος, ὥσπερ φερομένης πνοῆς βιαίας 1 a sound like the rush of a violent wind “a noise that sounded like a very strong wind blowing”
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ACT 2 2 jc1w ἄφνω 1 suddenly This word refers to an event that happens unexpectedly.
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ACT 2 2 qjc3 ἐγένετο…ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἦχος 1 there came from heaven a sound Possible meanings are (1) **heaven** refers to the place where God lives. Alternate translation: “a sound came from heaven” or (2) **heaven** refers to the sky. Alternate translation: “a sound came from the sky”
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ACT 2 2 jec5 ἦχος, ὥσπερ φερομένης πνοῆς βιαίας 1 a sound like a strong, rushing wind “a noise that sounded like a very strong wind blowing”
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ACT 2 2 t4y4 ὅλον τὸν οἶκον 1 the whole house This may have been a house or a larger building.
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ACT 2 3 re3t figs-simile ὤφθησαν αὐτοῖς…γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός 1 There appeared to them tongues like fire These might not be actual tongues or fire, but something that looked like them. Possible meanings are (1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire or (2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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ACT 2 3 xtk4 διαμεριζόμεναι…καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐφ’ ἕνα ἕκαστον αὐτῶν 1 that were distributed, and they sat upon each one of them This means that the “tongues like fire” spread out so that there was one on each person.
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ACT 2 4 v7hi figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν πάντες Πνεύματος Ἁγίου, καὶ 1 They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit filled all of those who were there and they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 3 re3t figs-simile ὤφθησαν αὐτοῖς…γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός 1 there appeared to them…tongues like fire These might not be actual tongues or fire, but something that looked like them. Possible meanings are (1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire or (2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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ACT 2 3 xtk4 διαμεριζόμεναι γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός, καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐφ’ ἕνα ἕκαστον αὐτῶν 1 distributed tongues like fire, and they sat upon each one of them This means that the **tongues like fire** spread out so that there was one on each person.
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||||
ACT 2 4 v7hi figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν πάντες Πνεύματος Ἁγίου, καὶ 1 they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit filled all of those who were there and they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 4 nr9f λαλεῖν ἑτέραις γλώσσαις 1 speak in other tongues They were speaking in languages that they did not already know.
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ACT 2 5 dz1l writing-background 0 General Information: Here the word “them” refers to the believers; the word “his” refers to each person in the multitude. Verse 5 gives background information about the large number of Jews who were living in Jerusalem, many of whom were present during this event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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ACT 2 5 yft2 ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1 godly men Here “godly men” refers to people who were devout in their worship of God and tried to obey all of the Jewish laws.
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ACT 2 5 stq9 figs-hyperbole παντὸς ἔθνους τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν 1 every nation under heaven “every nation in the world.” The word “every” is an exaggeration that emphasizes that the people came from many different nations. Alternate translation: “many different nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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ACT 2 6 bpj7 figs-activepassive γενομένης δὲ τῆς φωνῆς ταύτης 1 When this sound was heard This refers to the sound that was similar to a strong wind. Alternate translation: “When they heard this sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 5 yft2 ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1 godly men Here **godly men** refers to people who were devout in their worship of God and tried to obey all of the Jewish laws.
|
||||
ACT 2 5 stq9 figs-hyperbole παντὸς ἔθνους τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν 1 every nation that is under heaven “every nation in the world.” The word **every** is an exaggeration that emphasizes that the people came from many different nations. Alternate translation: “many different nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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ACT 2 6 bpj7 figs-activepassive γενομένης δὲ τῆς φωνῆς ταύτης 1 And when this sound happened This refers to the **sound** that was similar to a strong wind. Alternate translation: “When they heard this sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 6 u9hc τὸ πλῆθος 1 the multitude “the large crowd of people”
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ACT 2 7 m8kd figs-doublet ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ ἐθαύμαζον 1 They were amazed and marveled These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize the intensity of amazement. Alternate translation: “They were greatly amazed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 2 7 wnk2 figs-rquestion οὐχ ἰδοὺ, ἅπαντες οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ λαλοῦντες Γαλιλαῖοι 1 Really, are not all these who are speaking Galileans? The people ask this question to express their amazement. The question could be changed to an exclamation. Alternate translation: “All of these Galileans could not possibly know our languages!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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ACT 2 8 hzm8 figs-rquestion καὶ πῶς ἡμεῖς ἀκούομεν ἕκαστος τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἐγεννήθημεν 1 Why is it that we are hearing them, each in our own language in which we were born? Possible meanings are (1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses how amazed they were or (2) this is a real question for which the people wanted an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 2 7 m8kd figs-doublet ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες καὶ ἐθαύμαζον 1 And they were all amazed and were marveling These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize the intensity of amazement. Alternate translation: “And they were greatly amazed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||||
ACT 2 7 wnk2 figs-rquestion οὐχ ἰδοὺ, ἅπαντες οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ λαλοῦντες Γαλιλαῖοι 1 Behold, are not all these who are speaking Galileans? The people ask this question to express their amazement. The question could be changed to an exclamation. Alternate translation: “All of these Galileans could not possibly know our languages!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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ACT 2 8 hzm8 figs-rquestion καὶ πῶς ἡμεῖς ἀκούομεν ἕκαστος τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἐγεννήθημεν 1 So how are we hearing, each in our own language in which we were born? Possible meanings are (1) this is a rhetorical question that expresses how amazed they were or (2) this is a real question for which the people wanted an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 2 8 wb5t τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ ἡμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἐγεννήθημεν 1 in our own language in which we were born “in our own languages that we have learned from birth”
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ACT 2 9 f1ve translate-names Πάρθοι,…Μῆδοι,…Ἐλαμεῖται 1 Parthians…Medes…Elamites These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 2 9 dm23 translate-names τὴν Μεσοποταμίαν, Ἰουδαίαν;…Καππαδοκίαν, Πόντον,…Ἀσίαν; 1 Mesopotamia…Judea…Cappadocia…Pontus…Asia These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 2 10 tmb4 translate-names Φρυγίαν,…Παμφυλίαν, Αἴγυπτον,…Λιβύης…Κυρήνην 1 Phrygia…Pamphylia…Egypt…Libya…Cyrene These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 2 9 dm23 translate-names τὴν Μεσοποταμίαν, Ἰουδαίαν;…Καππαδοκίαν, Πόντον,…Ἀσίαν; 1 in Mesopotamia…in Judea…in Cappadocia…in Pontus…in Asia These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 2 10 tmb4 translate-names Φρυγίαν,…Παμφυλίαν, Αἴγυπτον,…Λιβύης…Κυρήνην 1 Phrygia…Pamphylia…in Egypt…of Libya…Cyrene These are names of large areas of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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ACT 2 11 jnp7 translate-names Κρῆτες…Ἄραβες 1 Cretans…Arabians These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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ACT 2 11 w8jy προσήλυτοι 1 proselytes converts to the Jewish religion
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ACT 2 12 el2f figs-doublet ἐξίσταντο…καὶ διηποροῦντο 1 amazed and perplexed These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize that the people could not understand what was happening. Alternate translation: “surprised and confused” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 2 12 el2f figs-doublet ἐξίσταντο…καὶ διηποροῦντο 1 they were…amazed and were perplexed These two words share similar meanings. Together they emphasize that the people could not understand what was happening. Alternate translation: “they were…surprised and were confused” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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ACT 2 13 fg59 figs-idiom γλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν 1 They are full of new wine Some people accuse the believers of having drunk too much wine. Alternate translation: “They are drunk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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ACT 2 13 jj1n γλεύκους 1 new wine This refers to wine that is in the process of fermentation.
|
||||
ACT 2 14 k5hr 0 Connecting Statement: Peter begins his speech to the Jews who were there on the Day of Pentecost.
|
||||
ACT 2 14 c919 σταθεὶς…σὺν τοῖς ἕνδεκα 1 stood with the eleven All the apostles stood up in support of Peter’s statement.
|
||||
ACT 2 14 c919 σταθεὶς…σὺν τοῖς ἕνδεκα 1 having stood with the eleven All the apostles stood up in support of Peter’s statement.
|
||||
ACT 2 14 d9tb ἐπῆρεν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ 1 raised his voice This is an idiom for “spoke loudly.” (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
|
||||
ACT 2 14 ei5j figs-activepassive τοῦτο ὑμῖν γνωστὸν ἔστω 1 let this be known to you This means that Peter is about to explain the meaning of what the people had witnessed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “know this” or “let me explain this to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 14 qp16 figs-metonymy ἐνωτίσασθε τὰ ῥήματά μου 1 pay attention to my words Peter was referring to what he was saying. Alternate translation: “listen carefully to what I am saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 2 15 h28q figs-explicit γὰρ…ὥρα τρίτη τῆς ἡμέρας 1 it is only the third hour of the day “It is only nine o’clock in the morning.” Peter expected his audience to know that people do not get drunk that early in the day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 2 15 h28q figs-explicit ἔστιν…ὥρα τρίτη τῆς ἡμέρας 1 it is the third hour of the day “it is only nine o’clock in the morning.” Peter expected his audience to know that people do not get drunk that early in the day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 2 16 ktw9 0 General Information: Here Peter tells them a passage about which the prophet Joel wrote in the Old Testament that relates to what is happening with the languages in which the believers spoke. This is written in the form of poetry as well as being a quotation.
|
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ACT 2 16 f9hz figs-activepassive τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ εἰρημένον διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Ἰωήλ 1 this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “this is what God told the prophet Joel to write” or “this is that which the prophet Joel spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 17 ijl8 ἔσται 1 It will be “This is what will happen” or “This is what I will do”
|
||||
ACT 2 17 u2d1 figs-idiom ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου ἐπὶ πᾶσαν σάρκα 1 I will pour out my Spirit on all people Here the words “pour out” mean to give generously and abundantly. Alternate translation: “I will give my Spirit abundantly to all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 17 ijl8 ἔσται 1 it will be “this is what will happen” or “this is what I will do”
|
||||
ACT 2 17 u2d1 figs-idiom ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου ἐπὶ πᾶσαν σάρκα 1 I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh Here the words **pour out** mean to give generously and abundantly. Alternate translation: “I will give my Spirit abundantly to all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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ACT 2 18 uwd7 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel.
|
||||
ACT 2 18 nd34 τοὺς δούλους μου, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς δούλας 1 my servants and my female servants “both my male and my female servants.” These words emphasize that God will pour out his Spirit on all of his servants, both men and women.
|
||||
ACT 2 18 wz2i figs-idiom ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου 1 I will pour out my Spirit Here the words “pour out” mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “I will give my Spirit abundantly to all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 18 nd34 ἐπὶ τοὺς δούλους μου, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς δούλας μου 1 on my servants and on my female servants “on both my male and my female servants.” These words emphasize that God will pour out his Spirit on all of his servants, both men and women.
|
||||
ACT 2 18 wz2i figs-idiom ἐκχεῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματός μου 1 I will pour out my Spirit Here the words **pour out** mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “I will give my Spirit abundantly to all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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ACT 2 19 p5zi ἀτμίδα καπνοῦ 1 vapor of smoke “thick smoke” or “clouds of smoke”
|
||||
ACT 2 20 ylv7 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes quoting the prophet Joel.
|
||||
ACT 2 20 a6yh figs-activepassive ὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος 1 The sun will be turned to darkness This means that the sun will appear to be dark instead of light. Alternate translation: “The sun will become dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 20 f34k figs-metaphor ἡ σελήνη εἰς αἷμα 1 the moon to blood This means that the moon will appear to be red like blood. Alternate translation: “the moon will appear to be red” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 2 20 swb2 figs-doublet ἡμέραν…τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ 1 the great and remarkable day The words “great” and “remarkable” share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of greatness. Alternate translation: “the very great day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 2 20 lc4g ἐπιφανῆ 1 remarkable great and beautiful
|
||||
ACT 2 20 swb2 figs-doublet ἡμέραν…τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ 1 of the great and remarkable day The words **great** and **remarkable** share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of greatness. Alternate translation: “the very great day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 2 20 lc4g ἐπιφανῆ 1 remarkable beautiful
|
||||
ACT 2 21 vql5 figs-activepassive πᾶς ὃς ἂν ἐπικαλέσηται τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου σωθήσεται 1 everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Lord will save everyone who calls on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 22 sa78 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||
ACT 2 22 g6vj ἀκούσατε τοὺς λόγους τούτους 1 hear these words “listen to what I am about to say”
|
||||
ACT 2 22 f2t1 ἀποδεδειγμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς ὑμᾶς δυνάμεσι, καὶ τέρασι, καὶ σημείοις 1 accredited to you by God with the mighty deeds, and wonders, and signs This means that God proved that he had appointed Jesus for his mission, and proved who he was by his many miracles.
|
||||
ACT 2 23 s38b figs-abstractnouns τῇ, ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ καὶ προγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 by God’s predetermined plan and foreknowledge The nouns “plan” and “foreknowledge” can be translated as verbs. This means that God planned out and knew beforehand what would happen to Jesus. Alternate translation: “because God planned out and knew beforehand everything that would happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 2 23 i6un figs-activepassive τοῦτον…ἔκδοτον 1 This man was handed over Possible meanings: (1) “you handed Jesus over into the hands of his enemies” or (2) “Judas betrayed Jesus to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 23 f5kn διὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων, προσπήξαντες ἀνείλατε 1 you, by the hand of lawless men, put him to death by nailing him to a cross Although “lawless men” actually crucified Jesus, Peter accuses the crowd of having killed him because they demanded his death.
|
||||
ACT 2 23 e38a figs-metonymy διὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων 1 by the hand of lawless men Here “hand” refers to the actions of the lawless men. Alternate translation: “through the actions of lawless men” or “by what lawless men did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 22 f2t1 ἀποδεδειγμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς ὑμᾶς δυνάμεσι, καὶ τέρασι, καὶ σημείοις 1 attested to you by God with the mighty deeds, and wonders, and signs This means that God proved that he had appointed Jesus for his mission, and proved who he was by his many miracles.
|
||||
ACT 2 23 s38b figs-abstractnouns τῇ, ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ καὶ προγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 by the predetermined counsel and foreknowledge of God The nouns **counsel** and **foreknowledge** can be translated as verbs. This means that God planned out and knew beforehand what would happen to Jesus. Alternate translation: “because God planned out and knew beforehand everything that would happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 2 23 i6un figs-activepassive ἔκδοτον 1 handed over Possible meanings: (1) “you gave into the hands of his enemies” or (2) “Judas betrayed to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 23 f5kn διὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων, προσπήξαντες ἀνείλατε 1 by the hand of lawless men, you put to death, nailing him to a cross Although **lawless men** actually crucified Jesus, Peter accuses the crowd of having killed him because they demanded his death.
|
||||
ACT 2 23 e38a figs-metonymy διὰ χειρὸς ἀνόμων 1 by the hand of lawless men Here **hand** refers to the actions of the lawless men. Alternate translation: “through the actions of lawless men” or “by what lawless men did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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ACT 2 23 f6kd ἀνόμων 1 lawless men Possible meanings are (1) the unbelieving Jews who accused Jesus of crimes or (2) the Roman soldiers who performed the execution of Jesus.
|
||||
ACT 2 24 ei37 figs-idiom ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἀνέστησεν 1 But God raised him up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “But God caused him to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 24 s8j3 figs-metaphor λύσας τὰς ὠδῖνας τοῦ θανάτου 1 freeing him from the pains of death Peter speaks of dying as if death were a person who ties people up with painful ropes and holds them captive. He speaks of God ending Christ’s death as if God broke the ropes that held Chist and set Christ free. Alternate translation: “ending the pains of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ACT 2 24 ei37 figs-idiom ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἀνέστησεν 1 He is the one whom God raised up Here **raised up** is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “God caused him to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 24 s8j3 figs-metaphor λύσας τὰς ὠδῖνας τοῦ θανάτου 1 freeing him from the agony of death Peter speaks of dying as if death were a person who ties people up with painful ropes and holds them captive. He speaks of God ending Christ’s death as if God broke the ropes that held Chist and set Christ free. Alternate translation: “ending the pains of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ACT 2 24 ykq4 figs-activepassive κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 for him to be held by it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for death to hold him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 24 vuf4 figs-personification κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 for him to be held by it Peter speaks of Christ remaining dead as if death were a person who held him captive. Alternate translation: “for him to remain dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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ACT 2 25 dd5a 0 General Information: Here Peter quotes a passage that David wrote in a Psalm which relates to Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection. Since Peter says that David said these words about Jesus, the words “I” and “my” refer to Jesus and the words “Lord” and “he” refer to God.
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||||
ACT 2 25 n2ls figs-synecdoche ἐνώπιόν μου 1 before my face “in front of me.” Alternate translation: “in my presence” or “with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 2 25 l6xp figs-synecdoche ἐκ δεξιῶν μού 1 beside my right hand To be at someone’s “right hand” often means to be in a position to help and sustain. Alternate translation: “right beside me” or “with me to help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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ACT 2 25 s4yp figs-activepassive μὴ σαλευθῶ 1 I should not be moved Here the word “moved” means to be troubled. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will not be able to cause me trouble” or “nothing will trouble me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 2 26 z8vw figs-synecdoche ηὐφράνθη ἡ καρδία μου, καὶ ἠγαλλιάσατο ἡ γλῶσσά μου 1 my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced People consider the “heart” the center of emotions and the “tongue” voices those emotions. Alternate translation: “I was glad and rejoiced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 2 26 zz6k figs-synecdoche ἡ σάρξ μου κατασκηνώσει ἐπ’ ἐλπίδι 1 my flesh will live in certain hope Possible meanings of the word “flesh” are (1) he is a mortal who will die. Alternate translation: “Even though I am only mortal, I will have confidence in God” or (2) it is synecdoche for his entire person. Alternate translation: “I will live with confidence in God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 25 n2ls figs-synecdoche ἐνώπιόν μου 1 before me Alternate translation: “in my presence” or “with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 25 l6xp figs-synecdoche ἐκ δεξιῶν μού 1 at my right hand To be at someone’s **right hand** often means to be in a position to help and sustain. Alternate translation: “right beside me” or “with me to help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 25 s4yp figs-activepassive μὴ σαλευθῶ 1 I should not be moved Here the word **moved** means to be troubled. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will not be able to cause me trouble” or “nothing will trouble me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 26 z8vw figs-synecdoche ηὐφράνθη ἡ καρδία μου, καὶ ἠγαλλιάσατο ἡ γλῶσσά μου 1 my heart was glad and my tongue exulted People consider the **heart** to be the center of emotions and the **tongue** to voice those emotions. Alternate translation: “I was glad and rejoiced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 26 zz6k figs-synecdoche ἡ σάρξ μου κατασκηνώσει ἐπ’ ἐλπίδι 1 my flesh…will live in hope Possible meanings of the word **flesh** are (1) he is a mortal who will die. Alternate translation: “Even though I am only mortal, I will have confidence in God” or (2) it is synecdoche for his entire person. Alternate translation: “I will live with confidence in God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 27 whi3 0 General Information: Since Peter says that David said these words about Jesus, the words “my,” “Holy One,” and “me” refer to Jesus and the words “you” and “your” refer to God.
|
||||
ACT 2 27 m3ij 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes quoting David.
|
||||
ACT 2 27 rld3 figs-123person οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν Ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1 neither will you allow your Holy One to see decay The Messiah, Jesus, refers to himself with the words “your Holy One.” Alternate translation: “neither will you allow me, your Holy One, to see decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
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||||
ACT 2 27 l5cd figs-explicit ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1 to see decay Here the word “see” means to experience something. The word “decay” refers to the decomposition of his body after death. Alternate translation: “to decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 2 28 gsk6 ὁδοὺς ζωῆς 1 the ways of life “the ways that lead to life”
|
||||
ACT 2 28 y7gf figs-metonymy πληρώσεις με εὐφροσύνης μετὰ τοῦ προσώπου σου 1 you will fill me with gladness in your presence Here the word “face” refers to the presence of God. Alternate translation: “very glad when I see you” or “very glad when I am in your presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 28 ej5m εὐφροσύνης 1 gladness joy, happiness
|
||||
ACT 2 27 rld3 figs-123person οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν Ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1 neither will you allow your Holy One to see decay The Messiah, Jesus, refers to himself with the words **your Holy One**. Alternate translation: “neither will you allow me, your Holy One, to see decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
ACT 2 27 l5cd figs-explicit ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν 1 to see decay Here the word **see** means to experience something. The word **decay** refers to the decomposition of his body after death. Alternate translation: “to decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 2 28 gsk6 ὁδοὺς ζωῆς 1 the paths of life “the ways that lead to life”
|
||||
ACT 2 28 y7gf figs-metonymy πληρώσεις με εὐφροσύνης μετὰ τοῦ προσώπου σου 1 you will fill me with gladness with your face Here the word **face** refers to the presence of God. Alternate translation: “very glad when I see you” or “very glad when I am in your presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 28 ej5m εὐφροσύνης 1 with gladness “with joy” or “with happiness”
|
||||
ACT 2 29 wh97 0 General Information: In verses 29 & 30, the words he,” “his,” and “him” refer to David. In verse 31, the first “He” refers to David and the words within the quote “He” and “his” refer to Christ.
|
||||
ACT 2 29 pv1x 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues his speech that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md) to the Jews that surround him and the other believers in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 2 29 ps7c ἀδελφοί, ἐξὸν 1 Brothers, I am permitted “My fellow Jews, I”
|
||||
ACT 2 29 ps7c ἀδελφοί 1 brothers “my fellow Jews”
|
||||
ACT 2 29 vtc6 figs-activepassive καὶ ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ ἐτάφη 1 he both died and was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he died and people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 2 30 hq71 figs-metonymy ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ, καθίσαι ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ 1 he would set one of the fruit of his body upon his throne “God would set one of David’s descendants upon David’s throne.” Alternate translation: “God would appoint one of David’s descendants to be king in David’s place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 2 30 x11q figs-idiom ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ 1 one of the fruit of his body Here the word “fruit” refers to what “his body” produces. Alternate translation: “one of his descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 30 hq71 figs-metonymy ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ, καθίσαι ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ 1 to set from the fruit of his loins upon his throne “that God would set one of David’s descendants upon David’s throne.” Alternate translation: “that God would appoint one of David’s descendants to be king in David’s place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 30 x11q figs-idiom ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ 1 from the fruit of his loins Here the word **fruit** refers to what **his loins** produces. Alternate translation: “one of his descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 31 tn4b figs-activepassive οὔτε ἐνκατελείφθη εἰς ᾍδην 1 He was neither abandoned to Hades This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did not abandon him to Hades” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 31 up5x figs-explicit οὔτε ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν διαφθοράν 1 nor did his flesh see decay Here the word “see” means to experience something. The word “decay” refers to the decomposition of his body after death. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:27](../02/27.md). Alternate translation: “nor did his flesh decay” or “nor did he remain dead long enough for his flesh to decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 2 31 up5x figs-explicit οὔτε ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν διαφθοράν 1 nor did his flesh see decay Here the word **see** means to experience something. The word **decay** refers to the decomposition of his body after death. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:27](../02/27.md). Alternate translation: “nor did his flesh decay” or “nor did he remain dead long enough for his flesh to decay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 2 32 kw6a figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here, the second word “this” refers to the disciples’ speaking in other languages when they received the Holy Spirit. The word “we” refers to the disciples and those that witnessed the risen Jesus after his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 32 udn1 figs-idiom ἀνέστησεν ὁ Θεός 1 God raised him up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God caused him to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 33 kij2 figs-activepassive τῇ δεξιᾷ…τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because God has exalted Jesus up to his right hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 33 c9mr figs-idiom τῇ δεξιᾷ…τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God “Right hand of God” here is an idiom that means that Christ will rule as God, with God’s authority. Alternate translation: “Christ is in the position of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 33 c1dr figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν…ὃ 1 he has poured out what Here the words “poured out” mean that Jesus, who is God, made these events to happen. It is implicit that he does this by giving the Holy Spirit to the believers. Alternate translation: “he has caused to happen these things that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 2 33 wsg9 figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν 1 poured out Here the words “pour out” mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “given abundantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 2 33 c9mr figs-idiom τῇ δεξιᾷ…τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God Here **right hand of God** is an idiom that means that Christ will rule as God, with God’s authority. Alternate translation: “Christ is in the position of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 2 33 c1dr figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν τοῦτο ὃ 1 he has poured out this which Here the words **poured out** mean that Jesus, who is God, made these events to happen. It is implicit that he does this by giving the Holy Spirit to the believers. Alternate translation: “he has caused to happen these things that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 2 33 wsg9 figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν 1 he has poured out Here the words **poured out** mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “he has given abundantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 2 34 i8wu 0 General Information: Peter again quotes one of David’s Psalms. David is not speaking of himself in this Psalm. “The Lord” and “my” refer to God; “my Lord” and “your” refer to Jesus the Messiah.
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||||
ACT 2 34 m7fy 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 1:16](../01/16.md).
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||||
ACT 2 34 kvn8 translate-symaction κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου 1 Sit at my right hand To sit at the “right hand of God” is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “Sit in the place of honor beside me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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ACT 2 34 kvn8 translate-symaction κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου 1 Sit at my right hand To sit at the **right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “Sit in the place of honor beside me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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ACT 2 35 nf1x figs-metaphor ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου 1 until I make your enemies the stool for your feet This means that God will completely defeat the Messiah’s enemies and make them subject to him. Alternate translation: “until I make you victorious over all of your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 2 36 pnp5 figs-idiom πᾶς οἶκος Ἰσραὴλ 1 all the house of Israel This refers to the entire nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “every Israelite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 2 37 xan1 0 General Information: Here the word “they” refers to the people in the crowd to whom Peter spoke.
|
||||
ACT 2 37 w1ma 0 Connecting Statement: The Jews respond to Peter’s speech and Peter answers them.
|
||||
ACT 2 37 zls6 ἀκούσαντες 1 when they heard this “when the people heard what Peter had said”
|
||||
ACT 2 37 s85q figs-activepassive κατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1 they were pierced in their hearts This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Peter’s words pierced their hearts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 37 l15x figs-idiom κατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1 pierced in their hearts This means that the people felt guilty and became very sad. Alternate translation: “deeply troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 37 s85q figs-activepassive κατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1 they were pierced in the heart This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Peter’s words pierced their hearts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 37 l15x figs-idiom κατενύγησαν τὴν καρδίαν 1 they were pierced in the heart This means that the people felt guilty and became very sad. Alternate translation: “they were deeply troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 2 38 cmb7 figs-activepassive βαπτισθήτω 1 be baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “allow us to baptize you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 38 geb2 figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 in the name of Jesus Christ “In the name of” here is a metonym for “by the authority of” Alternate translation: “by the authority of Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 2 39 v8vi πᾶσι τοῖς εἰς μακρὰν 1 all who are far off This means either (1) “all people who live far away” or (2) “all people who are far from God.”
|
||||
ACT 2 38 geb2 figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 in the name of Jesus Christ Here **In the name of** is a metonym for “by the authority of” Alternate translation: “by the authority of Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 2 39 v8vi πᾶσι τοῖς εἰς μακρὰν 1 all who are at a distance This means either (1) “all people who live far away” or (2) “all people who are far from God.”
|
||||
ACT 2 40 k1kj writing-endofstory 0 This is the end of the part of the story that happened on the Day of Pentecost. Verse 42 begins a section that explains how the believers continued to live after the Day of Pentecost. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
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ACT 2 40 v6ip figs-doublet διεμαρτύρατο, καὶ παρεκάλει αὐτοὺς 1 he testified and urged them “he seriously told them and begged them.” Here the words “testified” and “urged” share similar meanings and emphasize that Peter urged them strongly to respond to what he was saying. Alternate translation: “he strongly urged them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||||
ACT 2 40 wtd5 figs-explicit σώθητε ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης 1 Save yourselves from this wicked generation The implication is that God will punish “this wicked generation.” Alternate translation: “Save yourselves from the punishment that these wicked people will suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 2 41 r9qz figs-idiom οἱ…ν ἀποδεξάμενοι τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ 1 they received his word Here the word “received” means that they accepted what Peter said to be true. Alternate translation: “they believed what Peter said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 2 41 kz64 figs-activepassive ἐβαπτίσθησαν 1 were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people baptized them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 41 a47f figs-activepassive προσετέθησαν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1 there were added in that day about three thousand souls This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “about three thousand souls joined the believers on that day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 2 41 sv5j figs-synecdoche ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1 about three thousand souls Here the word “souls” refers to people. Alternate translation: “about 3,000 people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
ACT 2 42 gc59 figs-synecdoche κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου 1 the breaking of bread Bread was part of their meals. Possible meanings are (1) this refers to any meals they might eat together. Alternate translation: “eating meals together” or (2) this refers to the meals they would eat together in order to remember Christ’s death and resurrection. Alternate translation: “eating the Lord’s Supper together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 43 gi9v figs-synecdoche ἐγίνετο δὲ πάσῃ ψυχῇ φόβος 1 Fear came upon every soul Here the word “Fear” refers to deep respect and awe for God. The word “soul” refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “Each person felt a deep respect and awe for God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 43 ys3y figs-activepassive πολλά τε τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα διὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐγίνετο 1 many wonders and signs were done through the apostles Possible meanings are (1) “the apostles performed many wonders and signs” or (2) “God performed many wonders and signs through the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 40 v6ip figs-doublet διεμαρτύρατο, καὶ παρεκάλει αὐτοὺς 1 he testified and urged them “he seriously told them and begged them.” Here the words **testified** and **urged** share similar meanings and emphasize that Peter urged them strongly to respond to what he was saying. Alternate translation: “he strongly urged them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 2 40 wtd5 figs-explicit σώθητε ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης 1 Save yourselves from this perverse generation The implication is that God will punish **this perverse generation**. Alternate translation: “Save yourselves from the punishment that these wicked people will suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 2 41 r9qz figs-idiom οἱ…ν ἀποδεξάμενοι τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ 1 they received his word Here the word **received** means that they accepted what Peter said to be true. Alternate translation: “they believed what Peter said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 2 41 kz64 figs-activepassive οἱ…ἐβαπτίσθησαν 1 they were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people baptized them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 41 a47f figs-activepassive προσετέθησαν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1 there were added in that day about 3,000 souls This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “about 3,000 souls joined the believers on that day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 2 41 sv5j figs-synecdoche ψυχαὶ ὡσεὶ τρισχίλιαι 1 about 3,000 souls Here the word **souls** refers to people. Alternate translation: “about 3,000 people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
ACT 2 42 gc59 figs-synecdoche τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου 1 in the breaking of bread Bread was part of their meals. Possible meanings are (1) this refers to any meals they might eat together. Alternate translation: “eating meals together” or (2) this refers to the meals they would eat together in order to remember Christ’s death and resurrection. Alternate translation: “eating the Lord’s Supper together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 43 gi9v figs-synecdoche ἐγίνετο δὲ πάσῃ ψυχῇ φόβος 1 And fear came upon every soul Here the word **fear** refers to deep respect and awe for God. The word **soul** refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “And each person felt a deep respect and awe for God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 2 43 ys3y figs-activepassive πολλά τε τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα διὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐγίνετο 1 and many wonders and signs took place through the apostles Possible meanings are (1) “the apostles performed many wonders and signs” or (2) “God performed many wonders and signs through the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 2 43 q6dm τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα 1 wonders and signs “miraculous deeds and supernatural events.” See how you translated this in [Acts 2:22](../02/22.md).
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ACT 2 44 u8qk πάντες δὲ οἱ πιστεύοντες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ 1 All who believed were together Possible meanings are (1) “All of them believed the same thing” or (2) “All who believed were together in the same place.”
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ACT 2 44 u8qk πάντες δὲ οἱ πιστεύοντες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ 1 And all those believing were in the same place Possible meanings are (1) “all who believed were together in the same place” or (2) “all of them believed the same thing.”
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ACT 2 44 jy2w εἶχον ἅπαντα κοινά 1 had all things in common “shared their belongings with one another”
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ACT 2 45 h8tn κτήματα καὶ τὰς ὑπάρξεις 1 property and possessions “land and things they owned”
|
||||
ACT 2 45 f74s figs-metonymy διεμέριζον αὐτὰ πᾶσιν 1 distributed them to all Here the word “them” refers to the profit that they made from selling their property and possessions. Alternate translation: “distributed the proceeds to all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 2 45 n9hi καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1 according to the needs anyone had They distributed the proceeds that they earned from selling their property and possessions to any believer who had a need.
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ACT 2 45 h8tn τὰ κτήματα καὶ τὰς ὑπάρξεις 1 their property and their possessions “their land and the things they owned”
|
||||
ACT 2 45 f74s figs-metonymy διεμέριζον αὐτὰ πᾶσιν 1 distributed them to all Here the word **them** refers to the profit that they made from selling their property and possessions. Alternate translation: “distributed the proceeds to all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 2 45 n9hi καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1 as anyone might have need They distributed the proceeds that they earned from selling their property and possessions to any believer who had a need.
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ACT 2 46 in43 προσκαρτεροῦντες ὁμοθυμαδὸν 1 they continued with one purpose Possible meanings are (1) “they continued meeting together” or (2) “they all continued to have the same attitude.”
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||||
ACT 2 46 q1ge figs-synecdoche κλῶντές…κατ’ οἶκον ἄρτον 1 they broke bread in homes Bread was part of their meals. Alternate translation: “they eat meals together in their homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 2 46 i2yk figs-metonymy ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει καὶ ἀφελότητι καρδίας 1 with glad and humble hearts Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “joyfully and humbly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 2 46 q1ge figs-synecdoche κλῶντές…κατ’ οἶκον ἄρτον 1 breaking bread in each house Bread was part of their meals. Alternate translation: “they eat meals together in their homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||||
ACT 2 46 i2yk figs-metonymy ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει καὶ ἀφελότητι καρδίας 1 with exultation and sincerity of heart Here **heart** is a metonym for a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “joyfully and humbly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 2 47 z6ig αἰνοῦντες τὸν Θεὸν καὶ ἔχοντες χάριν πρὸς ὅλον τὸν λαόν 1 praising God and having favor with all the people “praising God. All the people approved of them”
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ACT 2 47 kc42 figs-activepassive τοὺς σῳζομένους 1 those who were being saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom the Lord saved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 2 47 kc42 figs-activepassive τοὺς σῳζομένους 1 those being saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom the Lord saved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 3 intro hpd9 0 # Acts 03 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The covenant God made with Abraham<br><br>This chapter explains that Jesus came to the Jews because God was fulfilling part of the covenant he had made with Abraham. Peter thought that the Jews were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus, but he<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “You delivered up”<br><br>The Romans were the ones who killed Jesus, but they killed him because the Jews captured him, brought him to the Romans, and told the Romans to kill him. For this reason Peter thought that they were the ones who were truly guilty of killing Jesus. But he tells them that they are also the first ones to whom God has sent Jesus’ followers to invite them to repent ([Luke 3:26](../../luk/03/26.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
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ACT 3 1 u6nu writing-background 0 General Information: Verse 2 gives background information about the lame man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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ACT 3 1 b5rm 0 Connecting Statement: One day Peter and John go to the temple.
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ACT 3 1 br7i εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 into the temple They did not go into the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “to the temple courtyard” or “into the temple area”
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ACT 3 2 f227 figs-activepassive τις ἀνὴρ, χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχων, ἐβαστάζετο, ὃν ἐτίθουν καθ’ ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν θύραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τὴν λεγομένην Ὡραίαν 1 a man lame from birth was being carried every day to the Beautiful Gate of the temple This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Every day, people carried a certain man, lame from birth, and laid him near the Beautiful gate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 3 1 br7i εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 to the temple They did not go into the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “to the temple courtyard” or “into the temple area”
|
||||
ACT 3 2 f227 figs-activepassive τις ἀνὴρ, χωλὸς ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχων, ἐβαστάζετο, ὃν ἐτίθουν καθ’ ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν θύραν τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τὴν λεγομένην Ὡραίαν 1 a certain man, being lame from the womb of his mother, was being carried, whom each day they placed at the gate of the temple that is called Beautiful This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people were carrying a certain man, lame from birth. Every day, they laid him near the Beautiful gate of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 3 2 j68t χωλὸς 1 lame unable to walk
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||||
ACT 3 4 xq4u ἀτενίσας…Πέτρος εἰς αὐτὸν σὺν τῷ Ἰωάννῃ εἶπεν 1 Peter, fastening his eyes upon him, with John, said Both Peter and John looked at the man, but only Peter spoke.
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||||
ACT 3 4 t1q9 figs-idiom ἀτενίσας…εἰς αὐτὸν 1 fastening his eyes upon him Possible meanings are (1) “looking directly at him” or (2) “looking intently at him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 3 5 e3c6 ὁ…ἐπεῖχεν αὐτοῖς 1 The lame man looked at them Here the word “looked” means to pay attention to something. Alternate translation: “The lame man paid close attention to them”
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||||
ACT 3 4 xq4u ἀτενίσας…Πέτρος εἰς αὐτὸν σὺν τῷ Ἰωάννῃ εἶπεν 1 Peter, looking intently at him, with John, said Both Peter and John looked at the man, but only Peter spoke.
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||||
ACT 3 5 e3c6 ὁ…ἐπεῖχεν αὐτοῖς 1 he looked at them Here the word **looked** means to pay attention to something. Alternate translation: “The lame man paid close attention to them”
|
||||
ACT 3 6 x6bm figs-metonymy ἀργύριον καὶ χρυσίον 1 Silver and gold These words refer to money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 3 6 zi9t figs-explicit ὃ…ἔχω 1 what I do have It is understood that Peter has the ability to heal the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 3 6 t2vf figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 In the name of Jesus Christ Here the word “name” refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “With the authority of Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 3 6 zi9t figs-explicit ὃ…ἔχω 1 what I have It is understood that Peter has the ability to heal the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 3 6 t2vf figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 In the name of Jesus Christ Here the word **name** refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “With the authority of Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 3 7 ec6j ἤγειρεν αὐτόν 1 he raised him up “Peter caused him to stand”
|
||||
ACT 3 8 abc1 ἐξαλλόμενος, ἔστη καὶ περιεπάτει, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν 1 leaping up, he stood and began to walk; and he entered The lame man did these actions.
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||||
ACT 3 8 zp7x εἰσῆλθεν…εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 he entered…into the temple He did not go inside the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “he entered…the temple area” or “he entered…into the temple courtyard”
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||||
ACT 3 10 zy7h ἐπεγίνωσκον…ὅτι αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ 1 noticed that it was the man “realized that it was the man” or “recognized him as the man”
|
||||
ACT 3 10 zy7h ἐπεγίνωσκον…αὐτὸν, ὅτι αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ 1 they recognized him, that he was the one “they realized that he was the man”
|
||||
ACT 3 10 p2zh τῇ Ὡραίᾳ Πύλῃ 1 the Beautiful Gate This was the name of one of the entrances to the temple area. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 3:2](../03/02.md).
|
||||
ACT 3 10 j6zf figs-doublet ἐπλήσθησαν θάμβους καὶ ἐκστάσεως 1 they were filled with wonder and amazement Here the words “wonder” and “amazement” share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of the people’s amazement. Alternate translation: “they were extremely amazed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 3 10 j6zf figs-doublet ἐπλήσθησαν θάμβους καὶ ἐκστάσεως 1 they were filled with wonder and amazement Here the words **wonder** and **amazement** share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of the people’s amazement. Alternate translation: “they were extremely amazed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 3 11 g4y1 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: The phrase “in the porch that is called Solomon’s” makes it clear that they were not inside the temple where only the priests were allowed to enter. Here the words “us” and “we” refer to Peter and John but not to the crowd to whom Peter is talking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 11 eu1l 0 Connecting Statement: After healing the man who could not walk, Peter talks to the people.
|
||||
ACT 3 11 rj43 τῇ στοᾷ τῇ καλουμένῃ Σολομῶντος 1 the porch that is called Solomon’s “Solomon’s Porch.” This was a covered walkway that consisted of rows of pillars that supported a roof, and which people named after king Solomon.
|
||||
ACT 3 11 rk1m ἔκθαμβοι 1 greatly marveling “extremely surprised”
|
||||
ACT 3 12 x9m9 ἰδὼν δὲ, ὁ Πέτρος 1 When Peter saw this Here the word “this” refers to the amazement of the people.
|
||||
ACT 3 12 ndi3 ἄνδρες, Ἰσραηλεῖται 1 You men of Israel “Fellow Israelites.” Peter was addressing the crowd.
|
||||
ACT 3 12 uyg1 figs-rquestion τί θαυμάζετε 1 why do you marvel? Peter asks this question to emphasize that they should not be surprised by what had happened. Alternate translation: “you should not be surprised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 3 12 j6ld figs-rquestion ἡμῖν τί ἀτενίζετε, ὡς ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει ἢ εὐσεβείᾳ πεποιηκόσιν τοῦ περιπατεῖν αὐτόν 1 Why do you fix your eyes on us, as if we had made him to walk by our own power or godliness? Peter asks this question to emphasize that the people should not think that he and John had healed the man by their own abilities. This could be written as two statements. Alternate translation: “Do not fix your eyes on us. We did not make him walk by our own power or godliness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 3 12 mwd9 figs-idiom ἡμῖν…ἀτενίζετε 1 fix your eyes on us This means that they looked intently at them without stopping. Alternate translation: “stare at us” or “look at us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 3 11 rk1m ἔκθαμβοι 1 marveling “extremely surprised”
|
||||
ACT 3 12 x9m9 ἰδὼν δὲ, ὁ Πέτρος 1 But when Peter saw this Here the word **this** refers to the amazement of the people.
|
||||
ACT 3 12 ndi3 ἄνδρες, Ἰσραηλεῖται 1 Men of Israel “Fellow Israelites.” Peter was addressing the crowd.
|
||||
ACT 3 12 uyg1 figs-rquestion τί θαυμάζετε ἐπὶ τούτῳ 1 why do you marvel at this? Peter asks this question to emphasize that they should not be surprised by what had happened. Alternate translation: “you should not be surprised at this.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 3 12 j6ld figs-rquestion ἢ ἡμῖν τί ἀτενίζετε, ὡς ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει ἢ εὐσεβείᾳ πεποιηκόσιν τοῦ περιπατεῖν αὐτόν? 1 Or why do you look intently at us, as if we have made him to walk by our own power or godliness? Peter asks this question to emphasize that the people should not think that he and John had healed the man by their own abilities. This could be written as two statements. Alternate translation: “Do not stare at us. We did not make him walk by our own power or godliness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 3 12 mwd9 figs-idiom ἀτενίζετε 1 look intently at us This means that they looked intently at them without stopping. Alternate translation: “stare at us” or “look at us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 3 13 q8q2 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 3:12](../03/12.md).
|
||||
ACT 3 13 cp1j figs-idiom ἠρνήσασθε κατὰ πρόσωπον Πειλάτου 1 rejected before the face of Pilate Here the phrase “before the face of” means “in the presence of.” Alternate translation: “rejected in Pilate’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 3 13 cp1j figs-idiom ἠρνήσασθε κατὰ πρόσωπον Πειλάτου 1 rejected before the face of Pilate Here the phrase **before the face of** means “in the presence of.” Alternate translation: “rejected in Pilate’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 3 13 yy96 κρίναντος ἐκείνου ἀπολύειν 1 when he had decided to release him “when Pilate had decided to release Jesus”
|
||||
ACT 3 14 s6qj figs-activepassive ᾐτήσασθε ἄνδρα, φονέα χαρισθῆναι ὑμῖν 1 asked for a man who was a murderer to be released to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Pilate to release a murderer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 14 s6qj figs-activepassive ᾐτήσασθε ἄνδρα, φονέα χαρισθῆναι ὑμῖν 1 asked for a man, a murderer, to be handed over to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “asked for Pilate to release a murderer to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 15 jwb1 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “we” includes just Peter and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 15 ljn8 figs-metaphor Ἀρχηγὸν τῆς ζωῆς 1 Founder of life This refers to Jesus. Possible meanings are (1) “the one who gives people eternal life” or (2) “the ruler of life” or (3) “the founder of life” or (4) “the one who leads people to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 16 xu92 καὶ 1 Now This word, “Now,” shifts the audiences’ attention to the lame man.
|
||||
ACT 3 16 abc2 ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 1 by faith in his name “by faith in the name of Jesus”
|
||||
ACT 3 16 qt8w ἐστερέωσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ 1 his name has made strong “the name of Jesus has made well”
|
||||
ACT 3 16 abc3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ 1 gave to him “gave to the lame man”
|
||||
ACT 3 17 v45t καὶ νῦν 1 Now Here Peter shifts the audience’s attention from the lame man and continues to talk to them directly.
|
||||
ACT 3 17 x62k κατὰ ἄγνοιαν ἐπράξατε 1 you acted in ignorance Possible meanings are (1) that the people did not know that Jesus was the Messiah or (2) that the people did not understand the significance of what they were doing.
|
||||
ACT 3 18 gcc1 ὁ…Θεὸς…προκατήγγειλεν διὰ στόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1 God foretold by the mouth of all the prophets When the prophets spoke, it was as though God himself was speaking because he told them what to say. Alternate translation: “God foretold by telling all of the prophets what to speak”
|
||||
ACT 3 17 v45t καὶ νῦν 1 And now Here Peter shifts the audience’s attention from the lame man and continues to talk to them directly.
|
||||
ACT 3 17 x62k κατὰ ἄγνοιαν ἐπράξατε 1 you acted according to ignorance Possible meanings are (1) that the people did not know that Jesus was the Messiah or (2) that the people did not understand the significance of what they were doing.
|
||||
ACT 3 18 gcc1 ὁ…Θεὸς…προκατήγγειλεν διὰ στόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1 God foretold by the mouth of all the prophets When the prophets spoke, it was as though God himself was speaking because he told them what to say. Alternate translation: “God foretold by speaking through all of the prophets”
|
||||
ACT 3 18 ms6d ὁ…Θεὸς…προκατήγγειλεν 1 God foretold “God spoke about ahead of time” or “God told about before they happened”
|
||||
ACT 3 18 z3l7 figs-metonymy στόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1 the mouth of all the prophets Here the word “mouth” refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: “the words of all the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 19 cw18 figs-metaphor καὶ ἐπιστρέψατε 1 and turn “and turn to the Lord.” Here “turn” is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: “and start obeying the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 19 zm6y figs-activepassive πρὸς τὸ ἐξαλειφθῆναι ὑμῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας 1 so that your sins may be blotted out Here “blotted out” is a metaphor for forgiving. Sins are spoken of as if they are written in a book and God erases them from the book when he forgives them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that God will forgive you for sinning against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 20 f2wm figs-metonymy ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1 from the presence of the Lord Here the words “presence of the Lord” is a metonym for the Lord himself. Alternate translation: “from the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 20 x3ca καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1 periods of refreshing from the presence of the Lord “times of relief from the presence of the Lord.” Possible meanings are (1) “times when God will strengthen your spirits” or (2) “times when God will revive you”
|
||||
ACT 3 20 h3nk ἀποστείλῃ τὸν προκεχειρισμένον ὑμῖν Χριστὸν 1 that he may send the Christ “that he may again send the Christ.” This refers to Christ’s coming again.
|
||||
ACT 3 20 yzr6 figs-activepassive τὸν προκεχειρισμένον ὑμῖν 1 who has been appointed for you This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom he has appointed for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 18 z3l7 figs-metonymy στόματος πάντων τῶν προφητῶν 1 the mouth of all the prophets Here the word **mouth** refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: “the words of all the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 19 cw18 figs-metaphor καὶ ἐπιστρέψατε 1 and turn “and turn to the Lord.” Here **turn** is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: “and start obeying the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 19 zm6y figs-activepassive πρὸς τὸ ἐξαλειφθῆναι ὑμῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας 1 so that your sins may be blotted out Here **blotted out** is a metaphor for forgiving. Sins are spoken of as if they are written in a book and God erases them from the book when he forgives them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that God will forgive you for sinning against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 20 x3ca καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1 periods of refreshing from the face of the Lord “times of relief from the presence of the Lord.” Possible meanings are (1) “times when God will strengthen your spirits” or (2) “times when God will revive you”
|
||||
ACT 3 20 f2wm figs-metonymy ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου 1 from the face of the Lord Here the words **face of the Lord** is a metonym for the Lord himself. Alternate translation: “from the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 20 h3nk ἀποστείλῃ…Χριστὸν, Ἰησοῦν 1 that he may send…Christ Jesus “that he may again send the Christ.” This refers to Christ’s coming again.
|
||||
ACT 3 20 yzr6 figs-activepassive τὸν προκεχειρισμένον ὑμῖν 1 the one who has been appointed for you This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one whom he has appointed for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 21 sj21 0 General Information: In verses 22-23 Peter quotes something Moses told before the Messiah came.
|
||||
ACT 3 21 u33e 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues his speech that he began in [Acts 3:12](../03/12.md) to the Jews who stood in the temple area.
|
||||
ACT 3 21 vgn8 figs-personification ὃν δεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι 1 He is the One heaven must receive “He is the One heaven must welcome.” Peter speaks of heaven as if it were a person who welcomes Jesus into his home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ACT 3 21 y1ps δεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι, ἄχρι 1 heaven must receive until This means that it is necessary for Jesus to remain in heaven because that is what God has planned.
|
||||
ACT 3 21 vgn8 figs-personification ὃν δεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι 1 Heaven must receive him “Heaven must welcome him.” Peter speaks of heaven as if it were a person who welcomes Jesus into his home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ACT 3 21 y1ps ὃν δεῖ οὐρανὸν μὲν δέξασθαι, ἄχρι 1 Heaven must receive him until This means that it is necessary for Jesus to remain in heaven because that is what God has planned.
|
||||
ACT 3 21 x2f3 ἄχρι χρόνων ἀποκαταστάσεως πάντων 1 until the time of the restoration of all things Possible meanings are (1) “until the time when God will restore all things” or (2) “until the time when God will fulfill everything that he foretold.”
|
||||
ACT 3 21 a2m8 ὧν ἐλάλησεν ὁ Θεὸς διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων ἀπ’ αἰῶνος αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1 about which God spoke long ago by the mouth of his holy prophets When the prophets spoke long ago, it was as if God himself was speaking because he told them what to say. Alternate translation: “about which things God spoke long ago by telling his holy prophets to speak about them”
|
||||
ACT 3 21 a12i figs-metonymy στόματος τῶν ἁγίων…αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1 the mouth of his holy prophets Here the word “mouth” refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: “the words of his holy prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 22 v5nf προφήτην…ἀναστήσει…ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐμέ 1 will raise up a prophet like me from among your brothers “will cause a one of your brothers to become a true prophet, and everyone will know about him”
|
||||
ACT 3 21 a2m8 ὧν ἐλάλησεν ὁ Θεὸς διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων ἀπ’ αἰῶνος αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1 about which God spoke from the ages by the mouth of his holy prophets When the prophets spoke long ago, it was as if God himself was speaking because he told them what to say. Alternate translation: “about which things God spoke long ago by telling his holy prophets to speak about them”
|
||||
ACT 3 21 a12i figs-metonymy στόματος τῶν ἁγίων…αὐτοῦ προφητῶν 1 the mouth of his holy prophets Here the word **mouth** refers to the words that the prophets spoke and wrote down. Alternate translation: “the words of his holy prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 3 22 v5nf προφήτην ὑμῖν ἀναστήσει…ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐμέ 1 will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers “will cause a one of your brothers to become a true prophet for you, and everyone will know about him”
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||||
ACT 3 22 t8di τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν 1 your brothers “your nation”
|
||||
ACT 3 23 t8a5 figs-activepassive τοῦ προφήτου ἐκείνου, ἐξολεθρευθήσεται 1 that prophet will be completely destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that prophet, God will completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 24 y1z7 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes his speech to the Jews that he began in [Acts 3:12](../03/12.md).
|
||||
ACT 3 24 u6x3 καὶ πάντες δὲ οἱ προφῆται 1 Yes, and all the prophets “In fact, all the prophets.” Here the word “Yes” adds emphasis to what follows.
|
||||
ACT 3 24 xp9h ἀπὸ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τῶν καθεξῆς 1 from Samuel and those who came after him “beginning with Samuel and continuing with the prophets who lived after he did”
|
||||
ACT 3 24 u6x3 καὶ πάντες δὲ οἱ προφῆται 1 And indeed, all the prophets “In fact, all the prophets.” Here the word “indeed” adds emphasis to what follows.
|
||||
ACT 3 24 xp9h ἀπὸ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τῶν καθεξῆς 1 from Samuel and those after him “beginning with Samuel and continuing with the prophets who lived after he did”
|
||||
ACT 3 24 m9pr τὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας 1 these days “these times” or “the things that are happening now”
|
||||
ACT 3 25 rh2n figs-idiom ὑμεῖς ἐστε οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν προφητῶν, καὶ τῆς διαθήκης 1 You are the sons of the prophets and of the covenant Here the word “sons” refers to heirs who will receive what the prophets and the covenant promised. Alternate translation: “You are the heirs of the prophets and heirs of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 3 25 mad5 ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου 1 In your seed “Because of your offspring”
|
||||
ACT 3 25 g31m figs-activepassive ἐνευλογηθήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ πατριαὶ τῆς γῆς 1 shall all the families of the earth be blessed Here the word “families” refers to people groups or nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the people groups in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 25 rh2n figs-idiom ὑμεῖς ἐστε οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν προφητῶν, καὶ τῆς διαθήκης 1 You are the sons of the prophets and of the covenant Here the word **sons** refers to heirs who will receive what the prophets and the covenant promised. Alternate translation: “You are the heirs of the prophets and heirs of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 3 25 mad5 ἐν τῷ σπέρματί σου 1 In your seed “through your offspring”
|
||||
ACT 3 25 g31m figs-activepassive ἐνευλογηθήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ πατριαὶ τῆς γῆς 1 will all the families of the earth be blessed Here the word **families** refers to people groups or nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the people groups in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 3 26 b7tz ἀναστήσας ὁ Θεὸς τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ 1 After God raised up his servant “After God caused Jesus to become his servant and made him famous”
|
||||
ACT 3 26 z5q6 τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ 1 his servant This refers to the Messiah, Jesus.
|
||||
ACT 3 26 x8ss figs-metaphor τῷ ἀποστρέφειν ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῶν πονηριῶν ὑμῶν 1 turning every one of you from your wickedness Here “turning…from” is a metaphor for causing someone stop doing something. Alternate translation: “causing every one of you to stop doing wicked things” or “causing every one of you to repent from your wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 3 26 x8ss figs-metaphor τῷ ἀποστρέφειν ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῶν πονηριῶν ὑμῶν 1 turning each of you from your wickedness Here **turning…from** is a metaphor for causing someone stop doing something. Alternate translation: “causing every one of you to stop doing wicked things” or “causing every one of you to repent from your wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 4 intro pv3a 0 # Acts 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 4:25-26.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Unity<br><br>The first Christians wanted very much to be united. They wanted to believe the same things and share everything they owned and help those who needed help.<br><br>### “Signs and wonders”<br><br>This phrase refers to things that only God can do. The Christians wanted God to do what only he can do so that people would believe that what they said about Jesus was true.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Cornerstone<br><br>The cornerstone was the first piece of stone that people put down when they were building a building. This is a metaphor for the most important part of something, the part on which everything depends. To say that Jesus is the cornerstone of the church is to say that nothing in the church is more important than Jesus and that everything about the church depends on Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Name<br><br>“There is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved” ([Acts 4:12](../../act/04/12.md)). With these words Peter was saying that no other person who has ever been on the earth or will ever be on earth can save people.
|
||||
ACT 4 1 ew3l 0 Connecting Statement: The religious leaders arrest Peter and John after Peter’s having healed the man who was born lame.
|
||||
ACT 4 1 abc4 λαλούντων…αὐτῶν 1 As they were speaking “As Peter and John were speaking”
|
||||
ACT 4 1 d3tv ἐπέστησαν αὐτοῖς 1 came upon them “approached them” or “came to them”
|
||||
ACT 4 1 abc4 λαλούντων…αὐτῶν 1 as they were speaking “as Peter and John were speaking”
|
||||
ACT 4 1 d3tv ἐπέστησαν αὐτοῖς 1 came up to them “approached them” or “came to them”
|
||||
ACT 4 2 m74s figs-explicit διαπονούμενοι 1 They were deeply troubled “They were very angry.” The Sadducees, in particular, would have been angry about what Peter and John were saying because they did not believe in resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 4 2 abc5 τὸ διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς 1 they were teaching “Peter and John were teaching”
|
||||
ACT 4 2 mg5l καταγγέλλειν ἐν τῷ Ἰησοῦ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead Peter and John were saying that God would raise people from the dead in the same way as he had raised Jesus from among the dead. Translate this in a way that allows “the resurrection” to refer to both Jesus’ resurrection and the general resurrection of other people.
|
||||
ACT 4 2 np5g τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.
|
||||
ACT 4 3 zla7 ἐπέβαλον αὐτοῖς 1 They arrested them “The priests, the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees arrested Peter and John”
|
||||
ACT 4 3 h5f9 ἦν γὰρ ἑσπέρα 1 since it was now evening It was common practice not to question people at night.
|
||||
ACT 4 2 abc5 διὰ τὸ διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς 1 because of their teaching “because Peter and John were teaching”
|
||||
ACT 4 2 mg5l καταγγέλλειν ἐν τῷ Ἰησοῦ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection that is from the dead Peter and John were saying that God would raise people from the dead in the same way as he had raised Jesus from among the dead. Translate this in a way that allows “the resurrection” to refer to both Jesus’ resurrection and the general resurrection of other people.
|
||||
ACT 4 2 np5g τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 that is from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To come back from among them speaks of becoming alive again.
|
||||
ACT 4 3 zla7 ἐπέβαλον αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας 1 they laid hands on them “the priests, the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees arrested Peter and John”
|
||||
ACT 4 3 h5f9 ἦν γὰρ ἑσπέρα ἤδη 1 since it was already evening It was common practice not to question people at night.
|
||||
ACT 4 4 bm1f ἀριθμὸς τῶν ἀνδρῶν 1 the number of the men This refers only to men who believed and does not include how many women or children believed.
|
||||
ACT 4 4 qd8g ἐγενήθη…ὡς χιλιάδες πέντε 1 was about five thousand “grew to about five thousand”
|
||||
ACT 4 4 qd8g ἐγενήθη…ὡς χιλιάδες πέντε 1 was about 5,000 “grew to about 5,000”
|
||||
ACT 4 5 j6p8 0 General Information: Here the word “their” refers to the Jewish people as a whole.
|
||||
ACT 4 5 i9tj 0 Connecting Statement: The rulers question Peter and John who answer without fear.
|
||||
ACT 4 5 lw2d ἐγένετο 1 It came about This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
|
||||
ACT 4 5 cdj1 figs-synecdoche τοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1 their rulers, elders and scribes This is a reference to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling court, which consisted of these three groups of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 4 5 cdj1 figs-synecdoche αὐτῶν τοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1 their rulers, and the elders, and the scribes This is a reference to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling court, which consisted of these three groups of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 4 6 l44n Ἰωάννης, καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος 1 John, and Alexander These two men were members of the high priest’s family. This is not the same John as the apostle.
|
||||
ACT 4 7 abc6 στήσαντες αὐτοὺς 1 When they had set them “When they had set Peter and John”
|
||||
ACT 4 7 abc6 στήσαντες αὐτοὺς 1 having set them “when they had set Peter and John”
|
||||
ACT 4 7 t1eq ἐν ποίᾳ δυνάμει 1 By what power “Who gave you power”
|
||||
ACT 4 7 jc21 figs-metonymy ἐν ποίῳ ὀνόματι 1 in what name Here the word “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “by whose authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 4 7 jc21 figs-metonymy ἐν ποίῳ ὀνόματι 1 in what name Here the word **name** refers to authority. Alternate translation: “by whose authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ACT 4 8 su5x figs-activepassive τότε Πέτρος πλησθεὶς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1 Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit filled Peter and he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 4 9 pq85 figs-rquestion εἰ ἡμεῖς σήμερον ἀνακρινόμεθα…ἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1 if we this day are being questioned…by what means was this man made well? Peter asks this question to clarify that this was the real reason that they were on trial. Alternate translation: “You are asking us this day…by what means we made this man well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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||||
ACT 4 9 pq85 figs-rquestion εἰ ἡμεῖς σήμερον ἀνακρινόμεθα…ἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1 if we this day are being questioned…by what means he was made well Peter asks this question to clarify that this was the real reason that they were on trial. Alternate translation: “you are asking us this day…by what means we made this man well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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||||
ACT 4 9 je6d figs-activepassive ἡμεῖς σήμερον ἀνακρινόμεθα 1 we this day are being questioned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you are questioning us this day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 9 b92n figs-activepassive ἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1 by what means was this man made well This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “by what means we have made this man well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 snd5 figs-activepassive γνωστὸν ἔστω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1 May this be known to you all and to all the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May all of you and all of the people of Israel know this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 9 b92n figs-activepassive ἐν τίνι οὗτος σέσωσται 1 by what means he was made well This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “by what means we have made this man well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 snd5 figs-activepassive γνωστὸν ἔστω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1 let it be known to you all and to all the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “may all of you and all of the people of Israel know this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 j3px πᾶσιν ὑμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1 to you all and to all the people of Israel “to you who are questioning us and to all the other people of Israel”
|
||||
ACT 4 10 khn7 figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Ναζωραίου 1 in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth Here the word “name” refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “by the power of Jesus Christ of Nazareth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 jyj6 figs-idiom ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 whom God raised from the dead, Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “whom God caused to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 khn7 figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Ναζωραίου 1 in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth Here the word **name** refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “by the power of Jesus Christ of Nazareth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 10 jyj6 figs-idiom ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 whom God raised from the dead, Here **raised** is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “whom God caused to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 4 11 tdw8 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “we” refers to Peter as well as those to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 11 nwg6 0 Connecting Statement: Peter completes his speech to the Jewish religious rulers that he began in [Acts 4:8](../04/08.md).
|
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ACT 4 11 w195 figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ λίθος…ὁ γενόμενος εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 Jesus Christ is the stone…which has been made the head cornerstone Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 4 11 f1nx κεφαλὴν 1 head Here the word “head” means “most important” or “vital.”
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ACT 4 11 c1bh ὑμῶν, τῶν οἰκοδόμων 1 you as builders despised “you as builders rejected” or “you as builders rejected as worth nothing”
|
||||
ACT 4 12 tq3z figs-abstractnouns καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ οὐδενὶ 1 There is no salvation in any other person The noun “salvation” can be translated as a verb. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “He is the only person who is able to save” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 4 12 l66w figs-activepassive οὐδὲ γὰρ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἕτερον ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν τὸ δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1 no other name under heaven given among men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no other name under heaven that God has given among men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 12 iz7k figs-metonymy οὐδὲ…ὄνομά…ἕτερον…δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1 no other name…given among men The phrase “name…given among men” refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: “no other person under heaven, who is given among men, by whom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 11 w195 figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ λίθος…ὁ γενόμενος εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 He is the stone…which has been made into the head head of the corner Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 4 11 f1nx κεφαλὴν 1 the head Here the word **head** means “most important” or “vital.”
|
||||
ACT 4 11 c1bh ὁ ἐξουθενηθεὶς ὑφ’ ὑμῶν, τῶν οἰκοδόμων 1 which was rejected by you, the builders “which you as the builders rejected” or “which you as builders rejected as worth nothing”
|
||||
ACT 4 12 tq3z figs-abstractnouns οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ οὐδενὶ ἡ σωτηρία 1 And there is no salvation in anyone else The noun **salvation** can be translated as a verb. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “he is the only person who is able to save” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 4 12 l66w figs-activepassive οὐδὲ γὰρ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἕτερον ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν τὸ δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1 for there is no other name under heaven given among men This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for God has not given among men any other name under heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 12 iz7k figs-metonymy οὐδὲ…ὄνομά…ἕτερον…δεδομένον ἐν ἀνθρώποις 1 no other name…given among men The phrase **name…given among men** refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: “no other person under heaven, who is given among men, by whom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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ACT 4 12 jm25 figs-idiom ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 under heaven This is a way of referring to everywhere in the world. Alternate translation: “in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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ACT 4 12 gg8h figs-activepassive ἐν ᾧ δεῖ σωθῆναι ἡμᾶς 1 by which we must be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which can save us” or “who can save us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 4 13 xn39 0 General Information: Here the second instance of “they” refers to Peter and John. All other occurrences of the word “they” in this section refer to the Jewish leaders.
|
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ACT 4 13 t6kc figs-explicit τὴν τοῦ Πέτρου παρρησίαν καὶ Ἰωάννου 1 the boldness of Peter and John Here the abstract noun “boldness” refers to the way in which Peter and John responded to the Jewish leaders, and can be translated with an adverb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “how boldly Peter and John had spoken” or “how bold Peter and John were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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ACT 4 13 p9pq παρρησίαν 1 boldness having no fear
|
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ACT 4 13 qaa5 figs-explicit καταλαβόμενοι ὅτι ἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί εἰσιν καὶ ἰδιῶται 1 realized that they were ordinary, uneducated men The Jewish leaders “realized” this because of the way Peter and John spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 4 13 r6d6 καὶ καταλαβόμενοι 1 and realized “and understood”
|
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ACT 4 13 erv7 figs-doublet ἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί…ἰδιῶτα 1 ordinary, uneducated men The words “ordinary” and “uneducated” share similar meanings. They emphasize that Peter and John had received no formal training in Jewish law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 4 13 t6kc figs-explicit τὴν τοῦ Πέτρου παρρησίαν καὶ Ἰωάννου 1 the boldness of Peter and John Here the abstract noun **boldness** refers to the way in which Peter and John responded to the Jewish leaders, and can be translated with an adverb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “how boldly Peter and John had spoken” or “how bold Peter and John were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
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ACT 4 13 p9pq παρρησίαν 1 boldness lack of fear
|
||||
ACT 4 13 qaa5 figs-explicit καταλαβόμενοι ὅτι ἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί εἰσιν καὶ ἰδιῶται 1 realizing that they were uneducated and ordinary men The Jewish leaders realized this because of the way Peter and John spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 4 13 r6d6 καὶ καταλαβόμενοι 1 and realizing “and understanding”
|
||||
ACT 4 13 erv7 figs-doublet ἄνθρωποι ἀγράμματοί εἰσιν καὶ ἰδιῶται 1 they were uneducated and ordinary men The words **uneducated** and **ordinary** share similar meanings. They emphasize that Peter and John had received no formal training in Jewish law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
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ACT 4 14 h3cy figs-activepassive τόν…ἄνθρωπον…τὸν τεθεραπευμένον 1 the man who was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man whom Peter and John had healed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
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ACT 4 14 fq4w οὐδὲν εἶχον ἀντειπεῖν 1 nothing to say against this “nothing to say against Peter and John’s healing of the man.” Here the word “this” refers to what Peter and John had done.
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ACT 4 14 fq4w οὐδὲν εἶχον ἀντειπεῖν 1 they had nothing to say in opposition “they had nothing to say against Peter and John’s healing of the man”
|
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ACT 4 15 ql31 αὐτοὺς 1 them This refers to Peter and John.
|
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ACT 4 16 p4g6 figs-rquestion τί ποιήσωμεν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τούτοις 1 What shall we do to these men? The Jewish leaders ask this question out of frustration because they could not think of what to do with Peter and John. Alternate translation: “There is nothing that we can do with these men!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 4 16 nh5s figs-activepassive γὰρ γνωστὸν σημεῖον γέγονεν δι’ αὐτῶν, πᾶσιν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἰερουσαλὴμ φανερόν 1 For the fact that a remarkable miracle has been done through them is known to everyone who lives in Jerusalem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For everyone who lives in Jerusalem knows that they have done a remarkable miracle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 16 p4g6 figs-rquestion τί ποιήσωμεν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τούτοις? 1 What should we do to these men? The Jewish leaders ask this question out of frustration because they could not think of what to do with Peter and John. Alternate translation: “There is nothing that we can do with these men!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
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ACT 4 16 nh5s figs-activepassive ὅτι μὲν γὰρ γνωστὸν σημεῖον γέγονεν δι’ αὐτῶν, πᾶσιν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἰερουσαλὴμ φανερόν 1 For it is evident to everyone who lives in Jerusalem that a notable sign has happened through them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For everyone who lives in Jerusalem knows that they have done a remarkable miracle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 16 jn12 figs-hyperbole πᾶσιν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1 everyone who lives in Jerusalem This is a generalization. It may also be an exaggeration to show that the leaders think that this is a very big problem. Alternate translation: “many of the people who live in Jerusalem” or “people who live throughout Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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ACT 4 17 f71l figs-explicit ἵνα μὴ ἐπὶ πλεῖον διανεμηθῇ 1 in order that it spreads no further Here the word “it” refers to any miracles or teaching Peter and John might continue to do. Alternate translation: “in order that news of this miracle spreads no further” or “in order that no more people hear about this miracle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 4 17 w52j figs-metonymy μηκέτι λαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ μηδενὶ ἀνθρώπων 1 not to speak anymore to anyone in this name Here the word “name” refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: “not to speak anymore to anyone about this person, Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 17 f71l figs-explicit ἵνα μὴ ἐπὶ πλεῖον διανεμηθῇ 1 in order that it might not spread further Here the word **it** refers to any miracles or teaching Peter and John might continue to do. Alternate translation: “so that that news of this miracle spreads no further” or “in order that no more people hear about this miracle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 4 17 w52j figs-metonymy μηκέτι λαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ μηδενὶ ἀνθρώπων 1 no longer to speak in this name to any man Here the word **name** refers to the person of Jesus. Alternate translation: “not to speak anymore to anyone about this person, Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 19 hf3u figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “we” refers to Peter and John but not to those whom they are addressing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
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ACT 4 19 jf1d figs-metonymy εἰ δίκαιόν ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Whether it is right in the sight of God Here the phrase “in the sight of God” refers to God’s opinion. Alternate translation: “Whether God thinks it is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 19 jf1d figs-metonymy εἰ δίκαιόν ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Whether it is right before God Here the phrase **before God** refers to God’s opinion. Alternate translation: “Whether God thinks it is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 21 gy8d writing-background 0 General Information: Verse 22 gives background information about the age of the lame man who was healed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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ACT 4 21 y5y1 οἱ δὲ προσαπειλησάμενοι 1 After further warning The Jewish leaders again threatened to punish Peter and John.
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ACT 4 21 z2bx μηδὲν εὑρίσκοντες τὸ πῶς κολάσωνται αὐτούς 1 They were unable to find any excuse to punish them Although the Jewish leaders threatened Peter and John, they could not find a reason to punish them without causing the people to riot.
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ACT 4 21 jbl6 figs-activepassive ἐπὶ τῷ γεγονότι 1 for what had been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for what Peter and John had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 22 ju4w ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἐφ’ ὃν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο τῆς ἰάσεως 1 The man who had experienced this miracle of healing “The man whom Peter and John had miraculously healed”
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ACT 4 21 y5y1 οἱ δὲ προσαπειλησάμενοι 1 So after further warning them The Jewish leaders again threatened to punish Peter and John.
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||||
ACT 4 21 z2bx μηδὲν εὑρίσκοντες τὸ πῶς κολάσωνται αὐτούς 1 They found nothing for which they might punish them Although the Jewish leaders threatened Peter and John, they could not find a reason to punish them without causing the people to riot.
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||||
ACT 4 21 jbl6 figs-activepassive ἐπὶ τῷ γεγονότι 1 for what had happened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for what Peter and John had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
ACT 4 22 ju4w ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἐφ’ ὃν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο τῆς ἰάσεως 1 the man to whom this sign of healing had happened “the man whom Peter and John had miraculously healed”
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ACT 4 23 j3ap 0 General Information: Speaking together, the people quote a Psalm of David from the Old Testament. Here the word “they” refers to the rest of the believers, but not to Peter and John.
|
||||
ACT 4 23 j2cx figs-explicit ἦλθον πρὸς τοὺς ἰδίους 1 came to their own people The phrase “their own people” refers to the rest of the believers. Alternate translation: “went to the other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 4 23 j2cx figs-explicit ἦλθον πρὸς τοὺς ἰδίους 1 they came to their own people The phrase **their own people** refers to the rest of the believers. Alternate translation: “they went to the other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
ACT 4 24 zu28 ὁμοθυμαδὸν ἦραν φωνὴν πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν 1 they raised their voices together to God To raise the voice is an idiom for speaking. “they began speaking together to God” (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
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ACT 4 25 vc5z ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν, διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών 1 You spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of your servant, our father David This means that the Holy Spirit caused David to speak or write down what God said.
|
||||
ACT 4 25 ka83 figs-metonymy τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν…στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου 1 through the mouth of your servant, our father David Here the word “mouth” refers to the words that David spoke or wrote down. Alternate translation: “by the words of your servant, our father David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 25 kat6 τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν…Δαυεὶδ 1 our father David Here “father” refers to “ancestor/”
|
||||
ACT 4 25 f1x6 figs-rquestion ἵνα τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη, καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά 1 Why did the Gentile nations rage, and the peoples imagine useless things? This is a rhetorical question that emphasizes the futility of opposing God. Alternate translation: “The Gentile nations should not have raged, and the peoples should not have imagined useless things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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||||
ACT 4 25 w622 figs-explicit λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά 1 the peoples imagine useless things These “useless things” consist of plans to oppose God. Alternate translation: “the peoples imagine useless things against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 4 25 vc5z ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν, διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών 1 The mouth of our father David, your servant, by the Holy Spirit, spokeYou spoke by the Holy Spirit through the mouth of your servant, our father David This means that the Holy Spirit caused David to speak or write down what God said.
|
||||
ACT 4 25 ka83 figs-metonymy ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν…στόματος Δαυεὶδ παιδός σου 1 The mouth of our father David, your servant Here the word **mouth** refers to the words that David spoke or wrote down. Alternate translation: “The words of your servant, our father David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 25 kat6 τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν…Δαυεὶδ 1 of our father David Here **father** refers to “ancestor.”
|
||||
ACT 4 25 f1x6 figs-rquestion ἵνα τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη, καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά? 1 Why did the Gentiles rage, and the peoples imagine useless things? This is a rhetorical question that emphasizes the futility of opposing God. Alternate translation: “The Gentile nations should not have raged, and the peoples should not have imagined useless things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 4 25 w622 figs-explicit λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά 1 the peoples imagine useless things These **useless things** consist of plans to oppose God. Alternate translation: “the peoples imagine useless things against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 4 25 h6rc λαοὶ 1 peoples people groups
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ACT 4 26 fb5a 0 Connecting Statement: The believers complete their quotation from King David in the Psalms that they began in [Acts 4:25](../04/25.md).
|
||||
ACT 4 26 w2by figs-parallelism παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 The kings of the earth set themselves together, and the rulers gathered together against the Lord These two lines mean basically the same thing. The two lines emphasize the combined effort of the earth’s rulers to oppose God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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||||
ACT 4 26 w64b figs-metonymy παρέστησαν…συνήχθησαν 1 set themselves together…gathered together These two phrases mean that they joined their armies together to fight a battle. Alternate translation: “set their armies together…gathered their troops together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 26 yv19 κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 against the Lord, and against his Christ Here the word “Lord” refers to God. In the Psalms, the word “Christ” refers to the Messiah or God’s anointed one.
|
||||
ACT 4 26 w2by figs-parallelism παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 The kings of the earth took their stand, and the rulers were gathered to the same place against the Lord These two lines mean basically the same thing. The two lines emphasize the combined effort of the earth’s rulers to oppose God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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ACT 4 26 w64b figs-metonymy παρέστησαν…συνήχθησαν 1 took their stand…were gathered These two phrases mean that they joined their armies together to fight a battle. Alternate translation: “brought out their armies…gathered their troops together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 26 yv19 κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 against the Lord, and against his Christ Here the word **Lord** refers to God. In the Psalms, the word **Christ** refers to the Messiah or God’s anointed one.
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ACT 4 27 b1g9 0 Connecting Statement: The believers continue praying.
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ACT 4 27 nuc1 ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ 1 in this city “this city” refers to Jerusalem.
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ACT 4 27 nuc1 ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ 1 in this city **this city** refers to Jerusalem.
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ACT 4 27 ca33 τὸν ἅγιον παῖδά σου Ἰησοῦν 1 your holy servant Jesus “Jesus who serves you faithfully”
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ACT 4 28 yz7m figs-metonymy ποιῆσαι ὅσα ἡ χείρ σου, καὶ ἡ βουλὴ σου προώρισεν 1 to do all that your hand and your plan had decided Here the word “hand” is used to mean God’s power. Additionally, the phrase “your hand and your desire decided” shows God’s power and plan. Alternate translation: “to do all that you had decided because you are powerful and did all that you planned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 4 28 yz7m figs-metonymy ποιῆσαι ὅσα ἡ χείρ σου, καὶ ἡ βουλὴ σου προώρισεν 1 to do all that your hand and your counsel had predetermined Here the word **hand** is used to mean God’s power. Additionally, the phrase **your hand and your counsel had predetermined** shows God’s power and plan. Alternate translation: “to do all that you had decided because you are powerful and did all that you planned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 4 29 b38z 0 Connecting Statement: The believers complete their prayer that they began in [Acts 4:24](../04/24.md).
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ACT 4 29 t5qm figs-idiom ἔπιδε ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπειλὰς αὐτῶν 1 look upon their warnings Here the words “look upon” are a request for God to take notice of the way in which the Jewish leaders threatened the believers. Alternate translation: “notice how they threaten to punish us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 29 zh7j figs-metonymy μετὰ παρρησίας πάσης λαλεῖν τὸν λόγον σου 1 speak your word with all boldness The word “word” here is a metonym for God’s message. The abstract noun “boldness” can be translated as an adverb. Alternate translation: “speak your message boldly” or “be bold when we speak your message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 30 x9r1 figs-metonymy τὴν χεῖρά σου, ἐκτείνειν σε εἰς ἴασιν 1 Stretch out your hand to heal Here the word “hand” refers to God’s power. This is a request for God to show how powerful he is. Alternate translation: “while you show your power by healing people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 30 t5uw figs-metonymy διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1 through the name of your holy servant Jesus Here the word “name” refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “through the power of your holy servant Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 30 txb5 τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1 your holy servant Jesus “Jesus who serves you faithfully.” See how you translated this in [Acts 4:27](../04/27.md).
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ACT 4 29 t5qm figs-idiom ἔπιδε ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπειλὰς αὐτῶν 1 look upon their threats Here the words **look upon** are a request for God to take notice of the way in which the Jewish leaders threatened the believers. Alternate translation: “notice how they threaten to punish us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 4 29 zh7j figs-metonymy μετὰ παρρησίας πάσης λαλεῖν τὸν λόγον σου 1 to speak your word with all boldness The word **word** here is a metonym for God’s message. The abstract noun **boldness** can be translated as an adverb. Alternate translation: “speak your message boldly” or “be bold when we speak your message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 30 x9r1 figs-metonymy τὴν χεῖρά σου, ἐκτείνειν σε εἰς ἴασιν 1 you stretch out your hand to heal Here the word **hand** refers to God’s power. This is a request for God to show how powerful he is. Alternate translation: “while you show your power by healing people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 4 30 t5uw figs-metonymy διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1 through the name of your holy servant Jesus Here the word **name** refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “through the power of your holy servant Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 30 txb5 τοῦ ἁγίου παιδός σου, Ἰησοῦ 1 of your holy servant Jesus “of Jesus who serves you faithfully.” See how you translated this in [Acts 4:27](../04/27.md).
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ACT 4 31 x9b3 figs-activepassive ἐσαλεύθη ὁ τόπος 1 the place…was shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the place…shook” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 31 ps3m figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν ἅπαντες τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1 they were all filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit filled them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 32 xu3j figs-metonymy ἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία 1 were of one heart and soul Here the word “heart” refers to the thoughts and the word “soul” refers to the emotions. Together they refer to the total person. Alternate translation: “thought the same way and wanted the same things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 32 zyp5 ἦν αὐτοῖς πάντα κοινά 1 they had everything in common “shared their belongings with one another.” See how you translated this in [Acts 2:44](../02/44.md).
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ACT 4 33 d8dr χάρις τε μεγάλη ἦν ἐπὶ πάντας αὐτούς 1 great grace was upon them all Possible meanings are: (1) that God was greatly blessing the believers or (2) that the people in Jerusalem held the believers in very high esteem.
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ACT 4 34 gw3v figs-hyperbole ὅσοι…κτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1 all who owned title to lands or houses The word “all” here is a generalization. Alternate translation: “Many people who owned title to lands or houses” or “People who owned title to lands or houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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ACT 4 34 ti1h κτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1 owned title to lands or houses “owned land or houses”
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ACT 4 34 l938 figs-activepassive τὰς τιμὰς τῶν πιπρασκομένων 1 the money of the things that were sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the money that they received from the things that they sold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 35 vv4z figs-idiom ἐτίθουν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 laid it at the apostles’ feet This means that they presented the money to the apostles. Alternate translation: “presented it to the apostles” or “gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 35 ps4s figs-activepassive διεδίδετο…ἑκάστῳ, καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1 it was distributed to each one according to their need The noun “need” can be translated with a verb. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they distributed the money to each believer who needed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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ACT 4 31 ps3m figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν ἅπαντες τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1 they were all filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Acts 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit filled them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 4 32 xu3j figs-metonymy ἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία 1 were one in heart and soul Here the word **heart** refers to the thoughts and the word **soul** refers to the emotions. Together they refer to the total person. Alternate translation: “thought the same way and wanted the same things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 4 32 zyp5 ἦν αὐτοῖς πάντα κοινά 1 everything was in common to them “they shared their belongings with one another.” See how you translated this in [Acts 2:44](../02/44.md).
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ACT 4 33 d8dr χάρις τε μεγάλη ἦν ἐπὶ πάντας αὐτούς 1 and abundant grace was upon them all Possible meanings are: (1) that God was greatly blessing the believers or (2) that the people in Jerusalem held the believers in very high esteem.
|
||||
ACT 4 34 gw3v figs-hyperbole ὅσοι…κτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1 all who were owners of lands or houses The word **all** here is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many people who owned lands or houses” or “people who owned title to lands or houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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ACT 4 34 ti1h κτήτορες χωρίων ἢ οἰκιῶν ὑπῆρχον 1 were owners of lands or houses “owned land or houses”
|
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ACT 4 34 l938 figs-activepassive τὰς τιμὰς τῶν πιπρασκομένων 1 the price of the things that were sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the money that they received from the things that they sold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 4 35 vv4z figs-idiom ἐτίθουν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 laid it at the feet of the apostles This means that they presented the money to the apostles. Alternate translation: “presented it to the apostles” or “gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 35 ps4s figs-activepassive διεδίδετο…ἑκάστῳ, καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν 1 it was distributed to each one according to whatever need anyone had The noun **need** can be translated with a verb. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they distributed the money to each believer as they needed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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ACT 4 36 uc2a writing-participants 0 General Information: Luke introduces Barnabas into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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ACT 4 36 nr4v figs-idiom υἱὸς παρακλήσεως 1 Son of Encouragement The apostles used this name to show that Joseph was a person who encouraged others. “Son of” is an idiom used to describe a person’s behavior or character. Alternate translation: “Encourager” or “one who encourages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 37 gtv5 figs-idiom ἔθηκεν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 laid it at the apostles’ feet This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: “presented it to the apostles” or “gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 36 nr4v figs-idiom υἱὸς παρακλήσεως 1 Son of Encouragement The apostles used this name to show that Joseph was a person who encouraged others. **Son of** is an idiom used to describe a person’s behavior or character. Alternate translation: “Encourager” or “One who Encourages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 4 37 gtv5 figs-idiom ἔθηκεν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 laid it at the feet of the apostles This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: “presented it to the apostles” or “gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 5 intro k2uh 0 # Acts 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit”<br><br>No one knows for sure if Ananias and Sapphira were truly Christians when they decided to lie about the land that they sold ([Acts 5:1-10](../05/01.md)), because Luke does not say. However, Peter knew that they lied to the believers, and he knew that they had listened to and obeyed Satan.<br><br>When they lied to the believers, they also lied to the Holy Spirit. This is because the Holy Spirit lives inside believers.
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ACT 5 1 v27a writing-background 0 Continuing the story of how the new Christians shared their belongings with other believers, Luke tells about two believers, Ananias and Sapphria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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ACT 5 1 ysl9 δέ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line to tell a new part of the story.
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ACT 5 2 xm1t συνειδυίης καὶ τῆς γυναικός 1 his wife also knew it “his wife also knew that he kept back part of the sale money”
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ACT 5 2 dy8b figs-idiom παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων ἔθηκεν 1 laid it at the apostles’ feet This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: “presented it to the apostles” or “gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 5 2 dy8b figs-idiom παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων ἔθηκεν 1 and laid it at the feet of the apostles This means that they presented to money to the apostles. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:35](../04/35.md). Alternate translation: “and presented it to the apostles” or “and gave it to the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 5 3 y7j6 0 General Information: If your language does not use rhetorical questions, you may reword these as statements.
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ACT 5 3 grr9 figs-rquestion διὰ τί ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου, ψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς τοῦ χωρίου 1 why has Satan filled your heart to lie…land? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “you should not have let Satan fill your heart to lie…land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 3 pqd4 figs-metonymy ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου 1 Satan filled your heart Here the word “heart” is a metonym for the will and emotions. The phrase “Satan filled your heart” is a metaphor. Possible meanings of the metaphor are (1) “Satan completely controlled you” or (2) “Satan convinced you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 5 3 zz5u figs-explicit ψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς 1 to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part of the price This implies that Ananias had told the apostles that he was giving the entire amount that he had received from selling his land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 5 4 vu7g figs-rquestion οὐχὶ μένον σοὶ ἔμενεν, καὶ πραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν 1 While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own…control? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “While it remained unsold, it was your own…control.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 4 vi8w ἔμενεν 1 While it remained unsold “While you had not sold it”
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ACT 5 4 wm2r figs-rquestion πραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν 1 after it was sold, was it not in your control? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “after it was sold, you had control over the money that you received.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 3 grr9 figs-rquestion διὰ τί ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου, ψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς τοῦ χωρίου 1 why has Satan filled your heart for you to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back from the price of the land? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “you should not have let Satan fill your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back from the price of the land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 3 pqd4 figs-metonymy ἐπλήρωσεν ὁ Σατανᾶς τὴν καρδίαν σου 1 has Satan filled your heart Here the word **heart** is a metonym for the will and emotions. The phrase **has Satan filled your heart** is a metaphor. Possible meanings of the metaphor are (1) “has Satan completely controlled you” or (2) “has Satan convinced you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 5 3 zz5u figs-explicit ψεύσασθαί σε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, καὶ νοσφίσασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς 1 for you to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back part from the price This implies that Ananias had told the apostles that he was giving the entire amount that he had received from selling his land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 5 4 vu7g figs-rquestion οὐχὶ μένον σοὶ ἔμενεν, καὶ πραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν? 1 While it remained, did it not remain yours, and after it was sold, was it not in your authority? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “While it remained, it remained yours, and after it was sold, it was in your authority.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 4 vi8w ἔμενεν 1 While it remained “Before you sold it”
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ACT 5 4 wm2r figs-rquestion πραθὲν ἐν τῇ σῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ὑπῆρχεν? 1 after it was sold, was it not in your authority? Peter uses this question to rebuke Ananias. Alternate translation: “after it was sold, you had control over the money that you received.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 4 k7nc figs-activepassive πραθὲν 1 after it was sold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after you sold it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 5 4 i5dw figs-rquestion τί ὅτι ἔθου ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο 1 How is it that you thought of this thing in your heart? Peter used this question to rebuke Ananias. Here the word “heart” refers to the will and emotions. Alternate translation: “You should not have thought of doing this thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 5 5 cc5y figs-euphemism πεσὼν ἐξέψυξεν 1 fell down and breathed his last Here “breathed his last” means “breathed his final breath” and is a polite way of saying that he died. Ananias fell down because he died; he did not die because he fell down. Alternate translation: “died and fell to the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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ACT 5 4 i5dw figs-rquestion τί ὅτι ἔθου ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο? 1 How is it that you placed of this thing in your heart? Peter used this question to rebuke Ananias. Here the word “heart” refers to the will and emotions. Alternate translation: “You should not have thought of doing this thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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ACT 5 5 cc5y figs-euphemism πεσὼν ἐξέψυξεν 1 fell down and breathed his last Here **breathed his last** means “breathed his final breath” and is a polite way of saying that he died. Ananias fell down because he died; he did not die because he fell down. Alternate translation: “died and fell to the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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ACT 5 7 ry54 ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ…εἰσῆλθεν 1 his wife came in “Ananias’ wife came in” or “Sapphira came in”
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ACT 5 7 k3c9 τὸ γεγονὸς 1 what had happened “that her husband had died”
|
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ACT 5 8 bcf6 τοσούτου 1 for so much “for this much money.” This refers to the amount of money that Ananias had given to the apostles.
|
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ACT 5 8 bcf6 τοσούτου 1 for this much “for this much money.” This refers to the amount of money that Ananias had given to the apostles.
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ACT 5 9 w1lb figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word “you” is plural and refers to both Ananias and Sapphira. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
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ACT 5 9 vym8 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story about Ananias and Sapphira.
|
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ACT 5 9 v7sw figs-rquestion τί ὅτι συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου 1 How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord? Peter asks this question to rebuke Sapphira. Alternate translation: “You should not have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 9 v7sw figs-rquestion τί ὅτι συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου? 1 How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord? Peter asks this question to rebuke Sapphira. Alternate translation: “You should not have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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ACT 5 9 hc22 συνεφωνήθη ὑμῖν 1 you have agreed together “the two of you have agreed together”
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ACT 5 9 pg1e πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου 1 to test the Spirit of the Lord Here the word “test” means to challenge or to prove. They were trying to see if they could get away with lying to God without receiving punishment.
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ACT 5 9 xj1l figs-synecdoche οἱ πόδες τῶν θαψάντων τὸν ἄνδρα σου 1 the feet of the men who buried your husband Here the phrase “the feet” refers to the men. Alternate translation: “the men who have buried your husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 5 10 nwb9 ἔπεσεν…πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ 1 fell down at his feet This means that when she died, she fell on the floor in front of Peter. This expression should not be confused with falling down at a person’s feet as a sign of humility.
|
||||
ACT 5 10 s7en figs-euphemism ἐξέψυξεν 1 breathed her last Here “breathed his last” means “breathed her final breath” and is a polite way of saying “she died.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 5:5](../05/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
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ACT 5 9 pg1e πειράσαι τὸ Πνεῦμα Κυρίου 1 to test the Spirit of the Lord Here the word **test** means to challenge or to prove. They were trying to see if they could get away with lying to God without receiving punishment.
|
||||
ACT 5 9 xj1l figs-synecdoche οἱ πόδες τῶν θαψάντων τὸν ἄνδρα σου 1 the feet of those who buried your husband Here the phrase **the feet** refers to the men. Alternate translation: “the men who have buried your husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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ACT 5 10 nwb9 ἔπεσεν…πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ 1 she fell down at his feet This means that when she died, she fell on the floor in front of Peter. This expression should not be confused with falling down at a person’s feet as a sign of humility.
|
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ACT 5 10 s7en figs-euphemism ἐξέψυξεν 1 breathed her last Here **breathed her last** means “breathed her final breath” and is a polite way of saying “she died.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 5:5](../05/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 aud2 0 General Information: Here the words “They” and “they” refer to the believers.
|
||||
ACT 5 12 c2e7 0 Connecting Statement: Luke continues to tell what happens in the early days of the church.
|
||||
ACT 5 12 lde1 figs-activepassive διὰ δὲ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων, ἐγίνετο σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα πολλὰ 1 Many signs and wonders were taking place among the people through the hands of the apostles or “Many signs and wonders took place among the people through the hands of the apostles.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The apostles performed many signs and wonders among the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 lde1 figs-activepassive διὰ δὲ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων, ἐγίνετο σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα πολλὰ ἐν τῷ λαῷ 1 And many signs and wonders were taking place among the people through the hands of the apostles This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And the apostles performed many signs and wonders among the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 ux3n σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα 1 signs and wonders “supernatural events and miraculous deeds.” See how you translated these terms in [Acts 2:22](../02/22.md)
|
||||
ACT 5 12 sri8 figs-synecdoche διὰ…τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 through the hands of the apostles Here the word “hands” refers to the apostles. Alternate translation: “through the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 k99k Στοᾷ Σολομῶντος 1 Solomon’s Porch This was a covered walkway that consisted of rows of pillars that supported a roof, and which people named after king Solomon. See how you translated “the porch that is called Solomon’s” in [Acts 3:11](../03/11.md).
|
||||
ACT 5 13 qd8r figs-activepassive ἐμεγάλυνεν αὐτοὺς ὁ λαός 1 they were held in high esteem by the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people held the believers in high esteem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 sri8 figs-synecdoche διὰ…τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 through the hands of the apostles Here the word **hands** refers to the apostles. Alternate translation: “through the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 5 12 k99k Στοᾷ Σολομῶντος 1 Porch of Solomon This was a covered walkway that consisted of rows of pillars that supported a roof, and which people named after king Solomon. See how you translated “the porch that is called Solomon’s” in [Acts 3:11](../03/11.md).
|
||||
ACT 5 14 l9bs 0 General Information: Here the word “they” refers to the people who lived in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 5 14 m9wx figs-activepassive μᾶλλον…προσετίθεντο πιστεύοντες τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 more believers were being added to the Lord This could be stated in active form. See how you translated “were added” in [Acts 2:41](../02/41.md). Alternate translation: “more people were believing in the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 14 m9wx figs-activepassive μᾶλλον…προσετίθεντο πιστεύοντες τῷ Κυρίῳ 1 more believers were being added to the Lord This could be stated in active form. See how you translated **were added** in [Acts 2:41](../02/41.md). Alternate translation: “more people were believing in the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 15 y2ev figs-explicit ἡ σκιὰ ἐπισκιάσῃ τινὶ αὐτῶν 1 his shadow might fall on some of them It is implied that God would heal them if Peter’s shadow touched them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 16 fu1a ὀχλουμένους ὑπὸ πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων 1 those afflicted with unclean spirits “those whom unclean spirits had afflicted”
|
||||
ACT 5 16 lyc7 figs-activepassive ἐθεραπεύοντο ἅπαντες 1 they were all healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God healed them all” or “the apostles healed them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 16 lyc7 figs-activepassive οἵτινες ἐθεραπεύοντο ἅπαντες 1 who were all healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and God healed them all” or “and the apostles healed them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
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ACT 5 17 p4ta 0 Connecting Statement: The religious leaders began to persecute the believers.
|
||||
ACT 5 17 x2ed δὲ 1 But This begins a contrasting story. You may translate this in the way that your language introduces a contrasting narrative.
|
||||
ACT 5 17 f9ye figs-idiom ἀναστὰς…ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1 the high priest rose up Here the phrase “rose up” means that the high priest decided to take action, not that he stood up from a seated position. Alternate translation: “the high priest took action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 17 pc45 figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου 1 they were filled with jealousy The abstract noun “jealousy” can be translated as an adjective. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they became very jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 5 17 f9ye figs-idiom ἀναστὰς…ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1 the high priest rose up Here the phrase **rose up** means that the high priest decided to take action, not that he stood up from a seated position. Alternate translation: “the high priest took action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 17 pc45 figs-activepassive ἐπλήσθησαν ζήλου 1 and they were filled with jealousy The abstract noun **jealousy** can be translated as an adjective. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and they became very jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 5 18 j58p figs-idiom ἐπέβαλον τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀποστόλους 1 laid hands on the apostles This means that they seized the apostles by force. They would have ordered guards to do this. Alternate translation: “had the guards arrest the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 19 wd37 0 General Information: Here the words “them” and “they” refer to the apostles.
|
||||
ACT 5 20 qm16 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ 1 in the temple This phrase here refers to the temple courtyard, not to the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “in the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 20 z1x3 figs-metonymy πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης 1 all the words of this life The word “words” here is a metonym for the message that the apostles had already proclaimed. Possible meanings are (1) “all this message of eternal life” or (2) “the whole message of this new way of living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 20 z1x3 figs-metonymy πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης 1 all the words of this life The word **words** here is a metonym for the message that the apostles had already proclaimed. Possible meanings are (1) “all this message of eternal life” or (2) “the whole message of this new way of living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 21 df1u figs-explicit εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 into the temple They went into the temple courtyard, not into the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “into the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
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ACT 5 21 l7uf ὑπὸ τὸν ὄρθρον 1 about daybreak “as it began to be light.” Although the angel led them out of the jail during the night, the sun was rising by the time the apostles reached the temple courtyard.
|
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ACT 5 21 li6a figs-ellipsis ἀπέστειλαν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἀχθῆναι αὐτούς 1 sent to the jail to have the apostles brought This implies someone went to the jail. Alternate translation: “sent someone to the jail to bring the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 5 23 ld7d figs-explicit ἔσω οὐδένα εὕρομεν 1 we found no one inside The words “no one” refer to the apostles. This implies that there was no one else in the jail cell besides the apostles. Alternate translation: “we did not find them inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 21 li6a figs-ellipsis ἀπέστειλαν εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἀχθῆναι αὐτούς 1 sent to the prison to bring the apostles This implies someone went to the jail. Alternate translation: “sent someone to the jail to bring the apostles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 5 23 ld7d figs-explicit ἔσω οὐδένα εὕρομεν 1 we found no one inside The words **no one** refer to the apostles. This implies that there was no one else in the jail cell besides the apostles. Alternate translation: “we did not find them inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 24 a8dz figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the captain of the temple and the chief priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 5 24 k5g6 διηπόρουν 1 they were much perplexed “they were very puzzled” or “they were very confused”
|
||||
ACT 5 24 k5g6 διηπόρουν 1 they were perplexed “they were puzzled” or “they were confused”
|
||||
ACT 5 24 baw2 περὶ αὐτῶν 1 concerning them “concerning the words they had just heard” or “concerning these things”
|
||||
ACT 5 24 p78m τί ἂν γένοιτο τοῦτο 1 what would come of it “and what would happen as a result”
|
||||
ACT 5 24 p78m τί ἂν γένοιτο τοῦτο 1 as to what might have happened “and concerning what had happened to the apostles”
|
||||
ACT 5 25 c1am figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, ἑστῶτες 1 standing in the temple They did not go into the part of the temple building where only the priests were allowed. Alternate translation: “standing in the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 26 f7pz figs-you 0 General Information: The word “they” in this section refers to the captain and the officers. In the phrase “feared that the people might stone them” the word “them” refers to the captain and the officers. All other occurrences of “them” in this chunk refer to the apostles. Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the apostles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 5 26 e24h 0 Connecting Statement: The captain and the officers bring the apostles before the Jewish religious council.
|
||||
ACT 5 26 i2v5 ἐφοβοῦντο 1 they feared “they were afraid”
|
||||
ACT 5 27 iq7w ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1 The high priest interrogated them “The high priest questioned them.” The word “interrogate” means to question someone to find out what is true.
|
||||
ACT 5 28 g2hi figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ 1 in this name Here the word “name” refers to the person of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:17](../04/17.md). Alternate translation: “not to speak anymore about this person, Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 27 iq7w ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς 1 the high priest interrogated them “the high priest questioned them.” The word **interrogated** means to intensely question someone to find out what is true.
|
||||
ACT 5 28 g2hi figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ 1 in this name Here the word **name** refers to the person of Jesus. See how you translated this in [Acts 4:17](../04/17.md). Alternate translation: “about this person, Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 28 j4kr figs-metaphor πεπληρώκατε τὴν Ἰερουσαλὴμ τῆς διδαχῆς ὑμῶν 1 you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching Teaching many people in a city is spoken of as if they were filling the city with a teaching. Alternate translation: “you have taught many people in Jerusalem about him” or “you have taught about him throughout the Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 5 28 ym1k figs-metonymy βούλεσθε ἐπαγαγεῖν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς τὸ αἷμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου 1 desire to bring this man’s blood upon us Here the word “blood” is a metonym for death, and to bring someone’s blood on people is a metaphor for saying that they are guilty of that person’s death. Alternate translation: “desire to make us responsible for this man’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 5 28 ym1k figs-metonymy βούλεσθε ἐπαγαγεῖν ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς τὸ αἷμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου 1 desire to bring upon us the blood of this man Here the word **blood** is a metonym for death, and to bring someone’s blood on people is a metaphor for saying that they are guilty of that person’s death. Alternate translation: “desire to make us responsible for this man’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 5 29 y211 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “We” refers to the apostles, and not to the audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 29 di9u ἀποκριθεὶς…Πέτρος καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι 1 Peter and the apostles answered Peter spoke on behalf of all of the apostles when he said the following words.
|
||||
ACT 5 30 r7av figs-idiom ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἤγειρεν Ἰησοῦν 1 The God of our fathers raised up Jesus Here “raised up” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The God of our fathers caused Jesus to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 30 pu5j figs-metonymy κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 by hanging him on a tree Here Peter uses the word “tree” to refer to the cross which was made out of wood. Alternate translation: “by hanging him on a cross” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 31 uh2d translate-symaction τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς…ὕψωσεν, τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ 1 God exalted him to his right hand To be at the “right hand of God” is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “God exalted him to the place of honor beside him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 5 31 mr1d figs-abstractnouns τοῦ δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 1 give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins The words “repentance” and “forgiveness” can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “give the people of Israel an opportunity to repent and have God forgive their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
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ACT 5 31 q1il figs-metonymy τῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1 Israel The word “Israel” refers to the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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ACT 5 32 yml6 τοῖς πειθαρχοῦσιν αὐτῷ 1 those who obey him “those who submit to God’s authority”
|
||||
ACT 5 29 di9u ἀποκριθεὶς…Πέτρος καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι εἶπαν 1 answering, Peter and the apostles said Peter spoke on behalf of all of the apostles when he said the following words.
|
||||
ACT 5 30 r7av figs-idiom ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἤγειρεν Ἰησοῦν 1 The God of our fathers raised up Jesus Here **raised up** is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The God of our fathers caused Jesus to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 30 pu5j figs-metonymy κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 by hanging him on a tree Here Peter uses the word **tree** to refer to the cross which was made out of wood. Alternate translation: “by hanging him on a cross” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 31 uh2d translate-symaction τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς…ὕψωσεν, τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ 1 God exalted him to his right hand To be at the **right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “God exalted him to the place of honor beside him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 5 31 mr1d figs-abstractnouns τοῦ δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 1 to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins The words **repentance** and **forgiveness** can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “to give the people of Israel an opportunity to repent and have God forgive their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 5 31 q1il figs-metonymy τῷ Ἰσραὴλ 1 to Israel The word **Israel** refers to the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 32 yml6 τοῖς πειθαρχοῦσιν αὐτῷ 1 to those obeying him “those submitting to God’s authority”
|
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ACT 5 33 ekh2 0 Connecting Statement: Gamaliel addresses the council members.
|
||||
ACT 5 33 abx6 ἀνελεῖν αὐτούς 1 kill them “kill the apostles”
|
||||
ACT 5 34 i2rr writing-participants Γαμαλιήλ, νομοδιδάσκαλος τίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1 Gamaliel, a teacher of the law, who was honored by all the people Luke introduces Gamaliel and provides background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 5 34 fpr4 figs-activepassive τίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1 who was honored by all the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom all the people honored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 34 xk6g figs-activepassive ἐκέλευσεν ἔξω…τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ποιῆσαι 1 commanded the apostles to be taken outside This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “commanded the guards to take the apostles outside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 33 abx6 ἀνελεῖν αὐτούς 1 to kill them “to kill the apostles”
|
||||
ACT 5 34 i2rr writing-participants Γαμαλιήλ, νομοδιδάσκαλος τίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1 Gamaliel, a teacher of the law, honored by all the people Luke introduces Gamaliel and provides background information about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 5 34 fpr4 figs-activepassive τίμιος παντὶ τῷ λαῷ 1 honored by all the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom all the people honored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 34 xk6g figs-activepassive ἐκέλευσεν ἔξω…τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ποιῆσαι 1 and commanded the apostles to be put outside This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and commanded the guards to take the apostles outside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 35 ae1u προσέχετε 1 pay close attention to “think carefully about” or “be cautious about.” Gamaliel was warning them not to do something that they would later regret.
|
||||
ACT 5 36 uaj6 ἀνέστη Θευδᾶς 1 Theudas rose up Possible meanings are (1) “Theudas rebelled” or (2) “Theudas appeared.”
|
||||
ACT 5 36 b3nl λέγων εἶναί τινα 1 claiming to be somebody “claiming to be somebody important”
|
||||
ACT 5 36 b3nl λέγων εἶναί τινα ἑαυτόν 1 claiming himself to be somebody “claiming that he was somebody important”
|
||||
ACT 5 36 ie3x figs-activepassive ὃς ἀνῃρέθη 1 He was killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 36 juz1 figs-activepassive πάντες ὅσοι ἐπείθοντο αὐτῷ διελύθησαν 1 all who had been obeying him were scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the people scattered who had been obeying him” or “all who had been obeying him went in different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 36 juz1 figs-activepassive πάντες ὅσοι ἐπείθοντο αὐτῷ διελύθησαν 1 all, as many as were persuaded by him, were scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the people who had been obeying him scattered” or “everyone who had been obeying him went in different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 36 rzg5 ἐγένοντο εἰς οὐδέν 1 came to nothing This means that they did not do what they had planned to do.
|
||||
ACT 5 37 f33y μετὰ τοῦτον 1 After this man “After Theudas”
|
||||
ACT 5 37 f33y μετὰ τοῦτον 1 After him “After Theudas”
|
||||
ACT 5 37 p56f ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς ἀπογραφῆς 1 in the days of the census “during the time of the census”
|
||||
ACT 5 37 kz4s figs-idiom ἀπέστησε λαὸν ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ 1 drew away some people after him This means that he persuaded some people to rebel with him against the Roman government. Alternate translation: “caused many people to follow him” or “caused many people to join him in rebellion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 37 kz4s figs-idiom ἀπέστησε λαὸν ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ 1 drew away people after him This means that he persuaded some people to rebel with him against the Roman government. Alternate translation: “caused many people to follow him” or “caused some people to join him in rebellion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 5 38 i4bw 0 Connecting Statement: Gamaliel finishes addressing the council members. Though they beat the apostles, command them not to teach about Jesus, and let them go, the disciples continue to teach and preach.
|
||||
ACT 5 38 wz89 figs-explicit ἀπόστητε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων τούτων καὶ ἄφετε αὐτούς 1 keep away from these men and let them alone Gamaliel is telling the Jewish leaders no to punish the apostles any more or to put them back in jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 38 zh1d ἐὰν ᾖ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἡ βουλὴ αὕτη ἢ τὸ ἔργον τοῦτο 1 if this plan or work is of men “if men have devised this plan or are doing this work”
|
||||
ACT 5 38 wz89 figs-explicit ἀπόστητε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων τούτων καὶ ἄφετε αὐτούς 1 keep away from these men and release them Gamaliel is telling the Jewish leaders not to punish the apostles any more or to put them back in jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 38 zh1d ἐὰν ᾖ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἡ βουλὴ αὕτη ἢ τὸ ἔργον τοῦτο 1 if this plan or work is from men “if men have devised this plan or are doing this work”
|
||||
ACT 5 38 uql8 figs-activepassive καταλυθήσεται 1 it will be overthrown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone will overthrow it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 39 j819 figs-ellipsis εἰ…ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐστιν 1 if it is of God Here the word “it” refers to “this plan or work.” Alternate translation: “if God has devised this plan or commanded these men to do this work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 5 39 cyp1 figs-activepassive ἐπείσθησαν δὲ 1 So they were persuaded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Gamaliel persuaded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 39 j819 figs-ellipsis εἰ…ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐστιν 1 if it is from God Here the word **it** refers to “this plan or work.” Alternate translation: “if God has devised this plan or commanded these men to do this work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 5 39 cyp1 figs-activepassive ἐπείσθησαν δὲ 1 And they were persuaded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Gamaliel persuaded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 40 z31c 0 General Information: Here first word “they” refers to the council members. The rest of the words “them,” “They,” and “they” refer to the apostles.
|
||||
ACT 5 40 p6lz figs-metonymy προσκαλεσάμενοι τοὺς ἀποστόλους, δείραντες 1 they called the apostles in and beat them The council members would have ordered the temple guards to do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 40 fca9 figs-metonymy λαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 to speak in the name of Jesus Here “name” refers to the authority of Jesus. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 4:18](../04/18.md). Alternate translation: “to speak anymore in the authority of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 41 cv8y figs-activepassive κατηξιώθησαν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἀτιμασθῆναι 1 they were counted worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name The apostles rejoiced because God had honored them by letting the Jewish leaders dishonor them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God had counted them worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 41 lk82 figs-metonymy ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος 1 for the Name Here “the Name” refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “for Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 42 jj94 πᾶσάν τε ἡμέραν 1 Thereafter every day “After that day, every day.” This phrase marks what the apostles did every day through the following days.
|
||||
ACT 5 42 kyp6 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ κατ’ οἶκον 1 in the temple and from house to house They did not go into the temple building where only the priests went. Alternate translation: “in the temple courtyard and in different people’s houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 5 40 p6lz figs-metonymy προσκαλεσάμενοι τοὺς ἀποστόλους, δείραντες 1 summoning and beating the apostles The council members would have ordered the temple guards to do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 40 fca9 figs-metonymy λαλεῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 to speak in the name of Jesus Here **name** refers to the authority of Jesus. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 4:18](../04/18.md). Alternate translation: “to speak anymore in the authority of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 41 cv8y figs-activepassive κατηξιώθησαν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἀτιμασθῆναι 1 they had been counted worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name The apostles rejoiced because God had honored them by letting the Jewish leaders dishonor them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God had counted them worthy to suffer dishonor for the Name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 5 41 lk82 figs-metonymy ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος 1 for the Name Here **the Name** refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “for Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 5 42 jj94 πᾶσάν τε ἡμέραν 1 And every day “And each day after that day.” This phrase marks what the apostles did every day through the following days.
|
||||
ACT 5 42 kyp6 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ κατ’ οἶκον 1 in the temple and in each house They did not go into the temple building where only the priests went. Alternate translation: “in the temple courtyard and in different people’s houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 6 intro z5r5 0 # Acts 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The distribution to the widows<br><br>The believers in Jerusalem gave food every day to women whose husbands had died. All of them had been raised as Jews, but some of them had lived in Judea and spoke Hebrew, and others had lived in Gentile areas and spoke Greek. Those who gave out the food gave it to the Hebrew-speaking widows but not to the Greek-speaking widows. To please God, the church leaders appointed Greek-speaking men to make sure the Greek-speaking widows received their share of the food. One of these Greek-speaking men was Stephen.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “His face was like the face of an angel”<br><br>No one knows for sure what it was about Stephen’s face that was like the face of an angel, because Luke does not tell us. It is best for the translation to say only what the ULT says about this.
|
||||
ACT 6 1 ky47 writing-background 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new part of the story. Luke gives important background information to understand the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 6 1 f8br writing-newevent ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις 1 Now in these days Consider how new parts of a story are introduced in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 6 1 t94s πληθυνόντων 1 was multiplying “was greatly increasing”
|
||||
ACT 6 1 e7vb Ἑλληνιστῶν 1 Grecian Jews These were Jews who had lived most of their lives somewhere in the Roman Empire outside of Israel, and had grown up speaking Greek. Their language and culture were somewhat different from those who had grown up in Israel.
|
||||
ACT 6 1 ftz8 τοὺς Ἑβραίους 1 the Hebrews These were Jews who had grown up in Israel speaking Hebrew or Aramaic. The church consisted of only Jews and converts to Judaism so far.
|
||||
ACT 6 1 e1z9 αἱ χῆραι 1 widows women whose husband has died
|
||||
ACT 6 1 f8br writing-newevent ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις 1 Now in those days Consider how new parts of a story are introduced in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 6 1 t94s πληθυνόντων τῶν μαθητῶν 1 when the disciples were multiplying “when the number of disciples was greatly increasing”
|
||||
ACT 6 1 e7vb τῶν Ἑλληνιστῶν 1 by the Hellenists The **Hellenists** were Jews who had lived most of their lives somewhere in the Roman Empire outside of Israel, and had grown up speaking Greek. Their language and culture were somewhat different from those who had grown up in Israel. Alternate translation: “Grecian Jews”
|
||||
ACT 6 1 ftz8 τοὺς Ἑβραίους 1 the Hebrews These were Jews who had grown up in Israel speaking Hebrew or Aramaic. The church consisted of only Jews and converts to Judaism so far. Alternate translation: “the Hebrew-speaking Jews”
|
||||
ACT 6 1 s4qy figs-activepassive παρεθεωροῦντο…αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν 1 their widows were being overlooked This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Hebrew believers were overlooking the Grecian widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 6 1 e1z9 αἱ χῆραι 1 widows women whose husband has died
|
||||
ACT 6 1 k4jg παρεθεωροῦντο 1 being overlooked “being ignored” or “being forgotten.” There were so many who needed help that some were missed.
|
||||
ACT 6 1 rde8 διακονίᾳ τῇ καθημερινῇ 1 daily distribution of food The money that was being given to the apostles was used in part to buy food for the early church widows.
|
||||
ACT 6 1 rde8 διακονίᾳ τῇ καθημερινῇ 1 daily serving The money that was being given to the apostles was used in part to buy food for the early church widows. Alternate translation: “ daily distribution of food”
|
||||
ACT 6 2 jr1y figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word “you” refers to the believers. The words “us” and “we” here refer to the 12 apostles. Where applicable, use the exclusive form in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
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ACT 6 2 n5r4 οἱ δώδεκα 1 The twelve This refers to the eleven apostles plus Matthias, who was selected in [Acts 1:26](../01/26.md).
|
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ACT 6 2 n5r4 οἱ δώδεκα 1 the twelve This refers to the eleven apostles plus Matthias, who was selected in [Acts 1:26](../01/26.md).
|
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ACT 6 2 g56w τὸ πλῆθος τῶν μαθητῶν 1 the multitude of the disciples “all of the disciples” or “all the believers”
|
||||
ACT 6 2 jm17 figs-hyperbole καταλείψαντας τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 give up the word of God This is an exaggeration in order to emphasize the importance of their task of teaching the word of God. Alternate translation: “stop preaching and teaching the word of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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||||
ACT 6 2 fwk6 figs-metonymy διακονεῖν τραπέζαις 1 serve tables This is a phrase meaning to serve food to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 6 3 y3bm ἄνδρας…πλήρεις Πνεύματος καὶ σοφίας 1 men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom Possible meanings are (1) the men have three qualities—a good reputation, being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom or (2) the men have a reputation for two qualities—being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom .
|
||||
ACT 6 2 jm17 figs-hyperbole καταλείψαντας τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 to leave behind the word of God This is an exaggeration in order to emphasize the importance of their task of teaching the word of God. Alternate translation: “to stop preaching and teaching the word of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 6 2 fwk6 figs-metonymy διακονεῖν τραπέζαις 1 to serve tables This is a phrase meaning to serve food to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 6 3 y3bm ἄνδρας…μαρτυρουμένους…πλήρεις Πνεύματος καὶ σοφίας 1 men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom Possible meanings are (1) the men have three qualities—a good reputation, being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom or (2) the men have a reputation for two qualities—being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom .
|
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ACT 6 3 p1yz ἄνδρας…μαρτυρουμένους 1 men of good reputation “men that people know are good” or “men whom people trust”
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ACT 6 3 i27a ἐπὶ τῆς χρείας ταύτης 1 over this business “to be responsible to do this task”
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ACT 6 3 i27a ἐπὶ τῆς χρείας ταύτης 1 over this task “to be responsible to do this task”
|
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ACT 6 4 b3bj figs-ellipsis τῇ διακονίᾳ τοῦ λόγου 1 the ministry of the word It may be helpful to add more information. Alternate translation: “the ministry of teaching and preaching the message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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ACT 6 5 wh9t ἤρεσεν ὁ λόγος ἐνώπιον παντὸς τοῦ πλήθους 1 Their speech pleased the whole multitude “All the disciples liked their suggestion”
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ACT 6 5 ajq1 figs-explicit Στέφανον,…καὶ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου, καὶ Φίλιππον, καὶ Πρόχορον, καὶ Νικάνορα 1 Stephen…and Nicolaus These are Greek names, and suggest that all of the men elected were from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 6 5 wh9t ἤρεσεν ὁ λόγος ἐνώπιον παντὸς τοῦ πλήθους 1 the statement was pleasing before the whole multitude “all the disciples liked their suggestion”
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ACT 6 5 ajq1 figs-explicit Στέφανον,…Φίλιππον, καὶ Πρόχορον, καὶ Νικάνορα 1 Stephen…Philip, and Prochorus, and Nicanor These are Greek names, and suggest that all of the men elected were from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 6 5 qas9 προσήλυτον 1 proselyte a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion
|
||||
ACT 6 6 wu1y translate-symaction ἐπέθηκαν αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας 1 placed their hands upon them This represented giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority for the work to the seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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ACT 6 6 wu1y translate-symaction ἐπέθηκαν αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας 1 and placed their hands upon them This represented giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority for the work to the seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 6 7 x48w 0 General Information: This verse gives an update on the church’s growth.
|
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ACT 6 7 wu4l figs-metaphor λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ηὔξανεν 1 word of God continued to spread The writer speaks of the growing number of people who believed the word as if the word of God itself were covering a larger area. Alternate translation: “the number of people who believed the word of God increased” or “the number of people who believed the message from God increased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 6 7 wu4l figs-metaphor λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ηὔξανεν 1 word of God kept spreading The writer speaks of the growing number of people who believed the word as if the word of God itself were covering a larger area. Alternate translation: “the number of people who believed the word of God increased” or “the number of people who believed the message from God increased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 6 7 jg8y ὑπήκουον τῇ πίστει 1 became obedient to the faith “followed the teaching of the new belief”
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ACT 6 7 qq3l τῇ πίστει 1 the faith Possible meanings are (1) the gospel message of trust in Jesus or (2) the teaching of the church or (3) the Christian teaching.
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ACT 6 7 qq3l τῇ πίστει 1 to the faith Possible meanings of **faith** here are (1) the gospel message of trust in Jesus or (2) the teaching of the church or (3) the Christian teaching.
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ACT 6 8 wn1t writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information about Stephen and other people that is important to understanding the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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ACT 6 8 n3re 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a new part of the story.
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ACT 6 8 et2j writing-participants Στέφανος δὲ 1 Now Stephen This introduces Stephen as the main character in this part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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ACT 6 8 h8sg figs-explicit Στέφανος…πλήρης χάριτος καὶ δυνάμεως, ἐποίει 1 Stephen, full of grace and power, was doing The words “grace” and “power” here refer to power from God. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “God was giving Stephen power to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 6 9 k88n συναγωγῆς, τῆς λεγομένης Λιβερτίνων 1 synagogue of the Freedmen “Freedmen” were probably ex-slaves from these different locations. It is unclear if the other people listed were part of the synagogue or just participated in the debate with Stephen.
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ACT 6 9 j8pq συνζητοῦντες τῷ Στεφάνῳ 1 debating with Stephen “arguing with Stephen”
|
||||
ACT 6 8 h8sg figs-explicit Στέφανος…πλήρης χάριτος καὶ δυνάμεως, ἐποίει 1 Stephen, full of grace and power, was doing The words **grace** and **power** here refer to power from God. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “God was giving Stephen power to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 6 9 k88n συναγωγῆς, τῆς λεγομένης Λιβερτίνων 1 synagogue that is called Freedmen **Freedmen** were probably ex-slaves from these different locations. It is unclear if the other people listed were part of the synagogue or just participated in the debate with Stephen.
|
||||
ACT 6 9 j8pq συνζητοῦντες τῷ Στεφάνῳ 1 They were debating with Stephen “They were arguing with Stephen”
|
||||
ACT 6 10 s2cl figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “We” refers only to the men they persuaded to lie. The word “they” refers back to the people from the synagogue of the freemen in [Acts 6:9](../06/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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ACT 6 10 fp41 0 Connecting Statement: The background information that began in [Acts 6:8](../06/08.md) continues through verse 10.
|
||||
ACT 6 10 v5ia figs-idiom οὐκ ἴσχυον ἀντιστῆναι 1 not able to stand against This phrase means they could not prove false what he said. Alternate translation: “could not argue against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 6 10 v5ia figs-idiom οὐκ ἴσχυον ἀντιστῆναι 1 they were not able to stand against This phrase means they could not prove false what he said. Alternate translation: “they could not argue against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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ACT 6 10 fnb2 Πνεύματι 1 Spirit this refers to the Holy Spirit
|
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ACT 6 11 ren5 figs-explicit ἄνδρας λέγοντας 1 some men to say They were given money to give false testimony. Alternate translation: “some men to lie and say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 6 11 ren5 figs-explicit ἄνδρας λέγοντας 1 men to say They were given money to give false testimony. Alternate translation: “some men to lie and say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 6 11 x747 ῥήματα βλάσφημα εἰς 1 blasphemous words against “bad things about”
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ACT 6 12 tqk9 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Each use of word “they” most likely refers back to the people from the synagogue of the Freedmen in [Acts 6:9](../06/09.md). They were responsible for the false witnesses and for inciting the council, the elders, the scribes, and the other people. Here the word “we” refers only to the false witness that they brought to testify. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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ACT 6 12 l251 συνεκίνησάν…τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1 stirred up the people, the elders, and the scribes “caused the people, the elders, and the scribes to be very angry at Stephen”
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ACT 6 12 j3wd συνήρπασαν αὐτὸν 1 seized him “grabbed him and held him so he could not get away”
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ACT 6 12 l251 συνεκίνησάν τε τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς 1 They also stirred up the people, the elders, and the scribes “They also caused the people, the elders, and the scribes to be very angry at Stephen”
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ACT 6 12 j3wd συνήρπασαν αὐτὸν 1 they seized him “they grabbed him and held him so he could not get away”
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ACT 6 13 zv6s οὐ παύεται λαλῶν 1 does not stop speaking “continually speaks”
|
||||
ACT 6 14 vak4 figs-idiom παρέδωκεν ἡμῖν 1 handed down to us The phrase “handed down” means “passed on.” Alternate translation: “taught our ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 6 15 gf7e figs-idiom ἀτενίσαντες εἰς αὐτὸν 1 fixed their eyes on him This is an idiom that means they looked intently at him. Here “eyes” is a metonym for sight. Alternate translation: “looked intently at him” or “stared at him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
ACT 6 15 k8rw figs-simile ὡσεὶ πρόσωπον ἀγγέλου 1 was like the face of an angel This phrase compares his face to that of an angel but does not say specifically what they have in common. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ACT 6 14 vak4 figs-idiom παρέδωκεν ἡμῖν 1 handed down to us The phrase **handed down** means “passed on.” Alternate translation: “taught our ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 6 15 k8rw figs-simile ὡσεὶ πρόσωπον ἀγγέλου 1 as the face of an angel This phrase compares his face to that of an angel but does not say specifically what they have in common. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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||||
ACT 7 intro p9h4 0 # Acts 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 7:42-43 and 49-50.<br><br>It appears that 8:1 is part of the narrative of this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “Stephen said”<br><br>Stephen told the history of Israel very briefly. He paid special attention to the times that the Israelites had rejected the people God had chosen to lead them. At the end of the story, he said that the Jewish leaders he was talking to had rejected Jesus just as the evil Israelites had always rejected the leaders God had appointed for them.<br><br>### “Full of the Holy Spirit”<br><br>The Holy Spirit completely controlled Stephen so that he said only and all of what God wanted him to say.<br><br>### Foreshadowing<br><br>When an author speaks of something that is not important at that time but will be important later in the story, this is called foreshadowing. Luke mentions Saul, also known as Paul, here, even though he is not an important person in this part of the story. This is because Paul is an important person in the rest of the Book of Acts.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Implied information<br><br>Stephen was talking to Jews who knew the law of Moses well, so he did not explain things that his hearers already knew. But you may need to explain some of these things so that your readers will be able to understand what Stephen was saying. For example, you may need to make explicit that when Joseph’s brothers “sold him into Egypt” ([Acts 7:9](../../act/07/09.md)), Joseph was going to be a slave in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>Stephen spoke of Joseph ruling “over Egypt” and over all of Pharaoh’s household. By this he meant that Joseph ruled over the people of Egypt and of the people and possessions in Pharaoh’s household. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Background knowledge<br><br>The Jewish leaders to whom Stephen spoke already knew much about the events he was telling them about. They knew what Moses had written in the Book of Genesis. If the Book of Genesis has not been translated into your language, it may be difficult for your readers to understand what Stephen said.
|
||||
ACT 7 1 pt4h figs-you 0 General Information: The word “our” includes both Steven, the Jewish council to whom he spoke, and the entire audience. The word “your” is singular refers to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 7 1 hy9r 0 Connecting Statement: The part of the story about Stephen, which began in [Acts 6:8](../06/08.md), continues. Stephen begins his response to the high priest and the council by talking about things that happened in Israel’s history. Most of this history comes from Moses’ writings.
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||||
ACT 7 2 abc7 ὁ δὲ ἔφη 1 Then he said Stephen is speaking.
|
||||
ACT 7 2 v5si ἀδελφοὶ καὶ πατέρες, ἀκούσατε 1 Brothers and fathers, listen to me Stephen was being very respectful to the council in greeting them as extended family.
|
||||
ACT 7 2 v5si ἀδελφοὶ καὶ πατέρες, ἀκούσατε 1 brothers, and fathers, listen to me Stephen was being very respectful to the council in greeting them as extended family.
|
||||
ACT 7 4 pfg3 0 General Information: In verse 4 the words “he,” “his,” and “him” refer to Abraham. In verse 5 the words “He” and “he” refer to God, but the word “him” refers to Abraham.
|
||||
ACT 7 4 pfg4 figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word “you” refers to the Jewish council and audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 7 5 ax1j οὐκ ἔδωκεν…ἐν αὐτῇ 1 He gave none of it “He did not give any of it”
|
||||
ACT 7 5 qff6 figs-idiom οὐδὲ βῆμα ποδός 1 enough to set a foot on Possible meanings for this phrase are (1) enough ground to stand on or (2) enough ground to take a step. Alternate translation: “a very tiny piece of ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 5 u6iw εἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτὴν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτόν 1 as a possession to him and to his descendants after him “for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants”
|
||||
ACT 7 6 tn6b ἐλάλησεν…οὕτως ὁ Θεὸς 1 God was speaking to him like this It may be helpful to state that this occurred later than the statement in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Later God told Abraham”
|
||||
ACT 7 6 t1h9 translate-numbers ἔτη τετρακόσια 1 four hundred years “400 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
ACT 7 7 f7fw figs-metonymy τὸ ἔθνος…κρινῶ ἐγώ 1 I will judge the nation “nation” refers to the people in it. Alternate translation: “I will judge the people of the nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 7 q7y6 τὸ ἔθνος ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσιν 1 the nation that they serve “the nation that they will serve”
|
||||
ACT 7 8 mwc9 figs-explicit ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ διαθήκην περιτομῆς 1 gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision The Jews would have understood that this covenant required Abraham to circumcise the males of his family. Alternate translation: “made a covenant with Abraham to circumcise the males of his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 8 g4bb οὕτως ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ 1 so Abraham became the father of Isaac The story transitions to Abraham’s descendants.
|
||||
ACT 7 8 ams1 figs-ellipsis Ἰακὼβ τοὺς 1 Jacob the father “Jacob became the father.” Stephen shortened this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 7 4 pfg4 figs-you ὑμεῖς 1 you Here the word **you** refers to the Jewish council and audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 7 5 ax1j οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ κληρονομίαν ἐν αὐτῇ 1 he did not give him an inheritance in it “he did not give any of it to him as an inheritance”
|
||||
ACT 7 5 qff6 figs-idiom οὐδὲ βῆμα ποδός 1 not even a stride of a foot Possible meanings for this phrase are (1) enough ground to stand on or (2) enough ground to take a step. Alternate translation: “not even a very tiny piece of ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 5 u6iw αὐτῷ εἰς κατάσχεσιν…καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτόν 1 to him for a possession, and to his seed after him “for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants”
|
||||
ACT 7 6 tn6b ἐλάλησεν…οὕτως ὁ Θεὸς 1 God spoke to him like this It may be helpful to state that this occurred later than the statement in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Later God told Abraham”
|
||||
ACT 7 6 t1h9 translate-numbers ἔτη τετρακόσια 1 400 years “four hundred years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
ACT 7 7 f7fw figs-metonymy τὸ ἔθνος…κρινῶ ἐγώ 1 I will judge the nation Here **nation** refers to the people in it. Alternate translation: “I will judge the people of the nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 7 q7y6 τὸ ἔθνος ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσιν 1 the nation that will enslave him “the nation that they will serve”
|
||||
ACT 7 8 mwc9 figs-explicit ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ διαθήκην περιτομῆς 1 God gave him the covenant of circumcision The Jews would have understood that this covenant required Abraham to circumcise the males of his family. Alternate translation: “made a covenant with Abraham to circumcise the males of his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 8 g4bb οὕτως ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰσαὰκ 1 so he became the father of Isaac The story transitions to Abraham’s descendants.
|
||||
ACT 7 8 ams1 figs-ellipsis Ἰακὼβ τοὺς δώδεκα πατριάρχας 1 Jacob of the 12 patriarchs “Jacob became the father of the 12 patriarchs.” Stephen shortened this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ACT 7 9 n981 οἱ πατριάρχαι 1 the patriarchs “Jacob’s older sons” or “Joseph’s older brothers”
|
||||
ACT 7 9 tik7 figs-explicit ἀπέδοντο εἰς Αἴγυπτον 1 sold him into Egypt The Jews knew their ancestors sold Joseph to be a slave in Egypt. Alternate translation: “sold him as a slave in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 9 w1is figs-idiom ἦν…μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 was with him This is an idiom for helping someone. Alternate translation: “helped him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 10 yr7m figs-metonymy ἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1 over Egypt This refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “over all the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 10 pb4p figs-metonymy ὅλον τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ 1 all his household This refers to all his possessions. Alternate translation: “everything he owned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 11 p42j ἦλθεν…λιμὸς 1 there came a famine “a famine came.” The ground stopped producing food.
|
||||
ACT 7 10 pb4p figs-metonymy ὅλον τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ 1 over all his household This refers to all his possessions. Alternate translation: “over everything he owned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 11 p42j ἦλθεν…λιμὸς 1 came a famine “a famine came.” The ground stopped producing food.
|
||||
ACT 7 11 p37v figs-explicit οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1 our fathers This refers Jacob and his sons, who were the ancestors of the Jewish people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 12 pia8 σιτία 1 grain Grain was the most common food at that time.
|
||||
ACT 7 12 mbg8 τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν 1 our fathers Here this phrase refers to Jabob’s sons, Joseph’s older brothers.
|
||||
ACT 7 13 ce2b translate-ordinal ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ 1 On their second trip “On their next trip” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
ACT 7 13 m37e ἀνεγνωρίσθη 1 made himself known Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother.
|
||||
ACT 7 13 jxk8 figs-activepassive φανερὸν ἐγένετο τῷ Φαραὼ τὸ γένος Ἰωσήφ 1 Joseph’s family became known to Pharaoh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh learned that they were Joseph’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 14 aam5 ἀποστείλας 1 sent his brothers back “sent his brothers back to Canaan” or “sent his brothers back home”
|
||||
ACT 7 15 w2sm ἐτελεύτησεν 1 he died Make sure it does not sound as though he died as soon as he arrived in Egypt. Alternate translation: “eventually Jacob died”
|
||||
ACT 7 13 ce2b translate-ordinal ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ 1 On their second time “On their next trip” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
ACT 7 13 m37e ἀνεγνωρίσθη 1 was made known Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother.
|
||||
ACT 7 13 jxk8 figs-activepassive φανερὸν ἐγένετο τῷ Φαραὼ τὸ γένος Ἰωσήφ 1 the family of Joseph became known to Pharaoh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh learned that they were Joseph’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 14 aam5 ἀποστείλας 1 sending them back “after sending his brothers back to Canaan” or “after sending his brothers back home”
|
||||
ACT 7 15 w2sm ἐτελεύτησεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1 he and our fathers died Make sure it does not sound as though he died as soon as he arrived in Egypt. Alternate translation: “eventually Jacob and our ancestors died”
|
||||
ACT 7 15 fe56 αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν 1 he and our fathers “Jacob and his sons who became our ancestors”
|
||||
ACT 7 16 slg3 figs-activepassive καὶ μετετέθησαν…καὶ ἐτέθησαν 1 They were carried over…and laid This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jacob’s descendants carried Jacob’s body and his son’s bodies over…and buried them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 16 slg3 figs-activepassive μετετέθησαν…καὶ ἐτέθησαν 1 they were carried over…and laid This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jacob’s descendants carried Jacob’s body and his son’s bodies over…and buried them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 16 la8a τιμῆς ἀργυρίου 1 for a price in silver “with money”
|
||||
ACT 7 17 np3u figs-exclusive 0 General Information: The word “our” includes Stephen and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 17 tuq2 καθὼς δὲ ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας…ηὔξησεν ὁ λαὸς καὶ ἐπληθύνθη 1 As the time of the promise…the people grew and multiplied In some languages it may be helpful to say that the people increased in number before saying that the time of the promise arrived.
|
||||
ACT 7 17 tlh9 ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1 time of the promise approached It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham.
|
||||
ACT 7 18 whe7 ἀνέστη βασιλεὺς ἕτερος 1 there arose another king “another king began to rule”
|
||||
ACT 7 18 g2wq figs-metonymy ἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1 over Egypt “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 18 e2y6 figs-metonymy ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ 1 who did not know about Joseph “Joseph” refers to the reputation of Joseph. Alternate translation: “who did not know that Joseph had helped Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 17 tuq2 καθὼς δὲ ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας…ηὔξησεν ὁ λαὸς καὶ ἐπληθύνθη 1 And as the time of the promise…approached, the people increased and multiplied In some languages it may be helpful to say that the people increased in number before saying that the time of the promise arrived.
|
||||
ACT 7 17 tlh9 ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1 the time of the promise…approached It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham.
|
||||
ACT 7 18 whe7 ἀνέστη βασιλεὺς ἕτερος ἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1 there arose over Egypt another king “another king began to rule over Egypt”
|
||||
ACT 7 18 g2wq figs-metonymy ἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1 over Egypt Here **Egypt** refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 18 e2y6 figs-metonymy ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ 1 who did not know Joseph Here **Joseph** refers to the reputation of Joseph. Alternate translation: “who did not know that Joseph had helped Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 20 q66s writing-participants ἐν ᾧ καιρῷ ἐγεννήθη Μωϋσῆς 1 At that time Moses was born This introduces Moses into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 7 20 cd5z figs-idiom ἦν ἀστεῖος τῷ Θεῷ 1 very beautiful before God This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 20 cd5z figs-idiom ἦν ἀστεῖος τῷ Θεῷ 1 he was beautiful to God This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 20 pnb1 figs-activepassive ἀνετράφη 1 was nourished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his parents nourished him” or “his parents cared for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 21 w3iu figs-activepassive ἐκτεθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ 1 When he was placed outside Moses was “placed outside” because of Pharaoh’s command. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When his parents placed him outside” or “When they abandoned him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 21 url3 ἡ θυγάτηρ Φαραὼ, καὶ ἀνεθρέψατο αὐτὸν ἑαυτῇ εἰς υἱόν 1 Pharaoh’s daughter…raised him as her own son She did for him every good thing a mother would do for her own son. Use your language’s normal word for what a mother does to make sure her son becomes a healthy adult.
|
||||
ACT 7 21 mbp7 εἰς υἱόν 1 as her own son “as if he were her own son”
|
||||
ACT 7 21 w3iu figs-activepassive ἐκτεθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ 1 But when he was exposed Moses was **exposed** because of Pharaoh’s command. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When his parents placed him outside” or “When they abandoned him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 21 url3 ἡ θυγάτηρ Φαραὼ, καὶ ἀνεθρέψατο αὐτὸν ἑαυτῇ εἰς υἱόν 1 the daughter of Pharaoh…and raised him for herself as a son She did for him every good thing a mother would do for her own son. Use your language’s normal word for what a mother does to make sure her son becomes a healthy adult.
|
||||
ACT 7 21 mbp7 εἰς υἱόν 1 as a son “as if he were her own son”
|
||||
ACT 7 22 c9nw figs-activepassive ἐπαιδεύθη Μωϋσῆς 1 Moses was educated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Egyptians educated Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 22 att9 figs-hyperbole πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Αἰγυπτίων 1 all the wisdom of the Egyptians This is an exaggeration to emphasize that he was trained in the best schools in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 7 22 att9 figs-hyperbole πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Αἰγυπτίων 1 in all the wisdom of the Egyptians This is an exaggeration to emphasize that he was trained in the best schools in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 7 22 m3dm δυνατὸς ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις αὐτοῦ 1 mighty in his words and works “effective in his speech and actions” or “influential in what he said and did”
|
||||
ACT 7 23 fj9s figs-metonymy ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ 1 it came into his heart Here “heart” is a metonym for “mind.” The phrase “it came into his heart” is an idiom that means to decide something. Alternate translation: “it came into his mind” or “he decided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 23 x493 figs-explicit ἐπισκέψασθαι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ 1 visit his brothers, the children of Israel This refers to his people, and not just to his family. Alternate translation: “see how his own people, the children of Israel, were doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 24 l4zv figs-activepassive καὶ ἰδών τινα ἀδικούμενον, ἠμύνατο καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκδίκησιν τῷ καταπονουμένῳ, πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1 Seeing a certain one being mistreated…the Egyptian This can be stated in active form by rearranging the order. Alternate translation: “Seeing an Egyptian mistreating an Israelite, Moses defended and avenged the Israelite by striking the Egyptian who was oppressing him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 23 fj9s figs-metonymy ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ 1 it came into his heart Here **heart** is a metonym for “mind.” The phrase **it came into his heart** is an idiom that means to decide something. Alternate translation: “it came into his mind” or “he decided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 23 x493 figs-explicit ἐπισκέψασθαι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ 1 to visit his brothers, the sons of Israel This refers to his people, and not just to his family. Alternate translation: “to see how his own people, the children of Israel, were doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 24 l4zv figs-activepassive καὶ ἰδών τινα ἀδικούμενον, ἠμύνατο καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκδίκησιν τῷ καταπονουμένῳ, πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1 And seeing a certain one being mistreated, he defended him and made vengeance for the one being oppressed by striking the Egyptian This can be stated in active form by rearranging the order. Alternate translation: “Seeing an Egyptian mistreating an Israelite, Moses defended and avenged the Israelite by striking the Egyptian who was oppressing him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 24 abc8 ἠμύνατο 1 he defended him Moses defended the Israelite who was being mistreated.
|
||||
ACT 7 24 r2e8 πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1 striking the Egyptian Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died.
|
||||
ACT 7 24 r2e8 πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1 by striking the Egyptian Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died.
|
||||
ACT 7 25 wm3j ἐνόμιζεν 1 he thought “he imagined”
|
||||
ACT 7 25 nhb9 figs-metonymy διὰ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ δίδωσιν σωτηρίαν αὐτοῖς 1 by his hand was rescuing them Here “hand” refers to the actions of Moses. Alternate translation: “was rescuing them through what Moses was doing” or “was using the actions of Moses to rescue them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 25 nhb9 figs-metonymy διὰ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ δίδωσιν σωτηρίαν αὐτοῖς 1 by his hand was giving salvation to them Here **hand** refers to the actions of Moses. Alternate translation: “was rescuing them through what Moses was doing” or “was using the actions of Moses to rescue them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 26 t1hw figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “us” refers to the Israelites but does not include Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 7 26 t2vc figs-explicit αὐτοῖς μαχομένοις 1 to those who were quarreling The audience would have known from the account in Exodus that these were two Israelite men, but Stephen does not specify that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 26 mpc7 συνήλλασσεν αὐτοὺς εἰς εἰρήνην 1 he urged them to be at peace “urged them to stop fighting”
|
||||
ACT 7 26 t2vc figs-explicit αὐτοῖς μαχομένοις 1 to them as they were quarreling The audience would have known from the account in Exodus that these were two Israelite men, but Stephen does not specify that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 26 mpc7 συνήλλασσεν αὐτοὺς εἰς εἰρήνην 1 he urged them to peace “urged them to stop fighting”
|
||||
ACT 7 26 zzt4 ἄνδρες, ἀδελφοί ἐστε 1 Men, you are brothers Moses was addressing the Israelites who were fighting.
|
||||
ACT 7 26 k1ku figs-rquestion ἱνα τί ἀδικεῖτε ἀλλήλους 1 why are you hurting one another? Moses asked this question to encourage them to stop fighting. Alternate translation: “you should not hurt each other!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 27 q2r4 figs-rquestion τίς σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστὴν ἐφ’ ἡμῶν? 1 Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? The man used this question to rebuke Moses. Alternate translation: “You have no authority over us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 28 hk1g μὴ ἀνελεῖν με σὺ θέλεις, ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες ἐχθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον 1 Would you like to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday? The man used this question to warn Moses that he and probably others knew Moses had killed the Egyptian.
|
||||
ACT 7 26 k1ku figs-rquestion ἱνα τί ἀδικεῖτε ἀλλήλους? 1 Why is it that you are hurting each other? Moses asked this question to encourage them to stop fighting. Alternate translation: “You should not hurt each other!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 27 q2r4 figs-rquestion τίς σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστὴν ἐφ’ ἡμῶν? 1 Who appointed you a ruler and a judge over us? The man used this question to rebuke Moses. Alternate translation: “You have no authority over us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 28 hk1g μὴ ἀνελεῖν με σὺ θέλεις, ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες ἐχθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον? 1 You do not want to kill me in the same way you killed the Egyptian yesterday, do you? The man used this question to warn Moses that he and probably others knew Moses had killed the Egyptian.
|
||||
ACT 7 29 l149 figs-explicit 0 General Information: Stephen’s audience already knew that Moses had married a Midianite woman when he fled Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 29 q8qv figs-explicit ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1 after hearing this The implied information is that Moses understood that the Israelites knew that he had killed an Egyptian the day before ([Acts 7:28](../07/28.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 30 zx1c figs-explicit καὶ πληρωθέντων ἐτῶν τεσσεράκοντα 1 When forty years were past “After 40 years passed.” This was the amount of time Moses had been in Midian. Alternate translation: “Forty years after Moses fled from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 29 q8qv figs-explicit ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1 at this statement The implied information is that Moses understood that the Israelites knew that he had killed an Egyptian the day before ([Acts 7:28](../07/28.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 30 zx1c figs-explicit καὶ πληρωθέντων ἐτῶν τεσσεράκοντα 1 And when 40 years were past “And after 40 years had passed.” This was the amount of time Moses had been in Midian. Alternate translation: “And 40 years after Moses fled from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 30 f7yu figs-explicit ὤφθη…ἄγγελος 1 an angel appeared Stephen’s audience knew that God spoke through the angel. The UST makes this explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 31 q6w6 figs-explicit ἐθαύμασεν τὸ ὅραμα 1 he marveled at the sight Moses was surprised that the bush was not burning up in the fire. This was previously known by Stephen’s audience. Alternate translation: “because the bush was not burning up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 31 uk7u προσερχομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ κατανοῆσαι 1 as he approached to look at it This may mean Moses initially drew close to the bush to investigate.
|
||||
ACT 7 31 uk7u προσερχομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ κατανοῆσαι 1 and as he approached to look at it This may mean Moses initially drew close to the bush to investigate.
|
||||
ACT 7 32 b4q6 ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων σου 1 I am the God of your fathers “I am the God whom your ancestors worshiped”
|
||||
ACT 7 32 tdr7 ἔντρομος δὲ γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς οὐκ ἐτόλμα κατανοῆσαι 1 Moses trembled and did not dare to look This may mean Moses drew back in fear when he heard the voice.
|
||||
ACT 7 32 e19k figs-explicit ἔντρομος…γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς 1 Moses trembled Moses shook from fear. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Moses trembled with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 33 x7cd translate-symaction λῦσον τὸ ὑπόδημα 1 Take off the sandals God told Moses this so he would honor God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 33 clk4 figs-explicit ὁ γὰρ τόπος ἐφ’ ᾧ ἕστηκας γῆ ἁγία ἐστίν 1 for the place where you are standing is holy ground The implied information is that where God is present, the immediate area around God is considered or made holy by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 34 yz7b ἰδὼν, εἶδον 1 certainly seen “seen for sure.” The word certainly adds emphasis to seen.
|
||||
ACT 7 34 x5bg τοῦ λαοῦ μου 1 my people The word “my” emphasizes that these people belonged to God. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob”
|
||||
ACT 7 34 j32c κατέβην ἐξελέσθαι αὐτούς 1 I have come down to rescue them “will personally cause their release”
|
||||
ACT 7 32 tdr7 ἔντρομος δὲ γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς οὐκ ἐτόλμα κατανοῆσαι 1 And becoming terrified, Moses did not dare to look This may mean Moses drew back in fear when he heard the voice.
|
||||
ACT 7 32 e19k figs-explicit ἔντρομος…γενόμενος, Μωϋσῆς 1 becoming terrified, Moses Moses shook from fear. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “And Moses trembled with fear and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 33 x7cd translate-symaction λῦσον τὸ ὑπόδημα 1 Untie the sandals God told Moses this so he would honor God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 33 clk4 figs-explicit ὁ γὰρ τόπος ἐφ’ ᾧ ἕστηκας γῆ ἁγία ἐστίν 1 for the place on which you are standing is holy ground The implied information is that where God is present, the immediate area around God is considered or made holy by God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 34 yz7b ἰδὼν, εἶδον 1 I have certainly seen “I gave seen for sure.” The word certainly adds emphasis to seen.
|
||||
ACT 7 34 x5bg τοῦ λαοῦ μου 1 of my people The word **my** emphasizes that these people belonged to God. Alternate translation: “of the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob”
|
||||
ACT 7 34 j32c κατέβην ἐξελέσθαι αὐτούς 1 I have come down to rescue them “I will personally cause their release”
|
||||
ACT 7 34 sq8y νῦν δεῦρο 1 now come “get ready.” God uses an order here.
|
||||
ACT 7 35 x4p2 0 General Information: Verses 35-38 contains a series of connected phrases referring to Moses. Each phrase begins with statements such as “This Moses” or “This same Moses” or “This is the man” or “It is the same Moses.” If possible, use similar statements to emphasize Moses. After the Israelites left Egypt, they spent 40 years wandering around the wilderness before God led them into the land he had promised them.
|
||||
ACT 7 35 gn6e τοῦτον τὸν Μωϋσῆν, ὃν ἠρνήσαντο 1 This same Moses, whom they rejected This refers back to the events recorded in [Acts 7:27-28](../07/27.md).
|
||||
ACT 7 35 vp7e λυτρωτὴν 1 deliverer “rescuer”
|
||||
ACT 7 35 yjz9 figs-metonymy σὺν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου τοῦ ὀφθέντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ βάτῳ 1 by the hand of the angel…bush The hand is a metonym for the action performed by the person. In this case, the angel had commanded Moses to return to Egypt. Stephen speaks as if the angel had a physical hand. You may need to make explicit what action the angel did. Alternate translation: “by the action of the angel” or “by having the angel…bush command him to return to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 35 vp7e λυτρωτὴν 1 a redeemer “a rescuer”
|
||||
ACT 7 35 yjz9 figs-metonymy σὺν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου τοῦ ὀφθέντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ βάτῳ 1 with the hand of the angel who appeared to him in the bush Here **hand** is a metonym for the action performed by the person. In this case, the angel had commanded Moses to return to Egypt. Stephen speaks as if the angel had a physical hand. You may need to make explicit what action the angel did. Alternate translation: “by the action of the angel” or “by having the angel…bush command him to return to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 35 abc9 ὀφθέντος αὐτῷ 1 appeared to him The angel appeared to Moses.
|
||||
ACT 7 36 gz9r figs-explicit ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα 1 during forty years Stephen’s audience knew about the forty years the Israelites spent in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “during the 40 years that the Israelite people lived in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 37 b4sg προφήτην…ἀναστήσει 1 raise up a prophet “cause a man to be a prophet”
|
||||
ACT 7 36 gz9r figs-explicit ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα 1 during 40 years Stephen’s audience knew about the 40 years the Israelites spent in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “during the 40 years that the Israelite people lived in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 37 b4sg προφήτην…ἀναστήσει 1 will raise up a prophet “will cause a man to be a prophet”
|
||||
ACT 7 37 j2rx ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν 1 from among your brothers “from among your own people”
|
||||
ACT 7 38 l8u7 0 General Information: The quotation in verse 40 is from the writings of Moses.
|
||||
ACT 7 38 e8qu οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1 This is the man who was in the assembly “This is the man Moses who was among the Israelites”
|
||||
ACT 7 38 fd25 οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος 1 This is the man The phrase “This is the man” throughout this passage refers to Moses.
|
||||
ACT 7 38 y2zu ὃς ἐδέξατο λόγια ζῶντα δοῦναι ὑμῖν 1 this is the man who received living words to give to us God was the one who gave those words. Alternate translation: “this is the man to whom God spoke living words to give to us”
|
||||
ACT 7 38 e8qu οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ 1 This is the one who was in the assembly “This is the man Moses who was among the Israelites”
|
||||
ACT 7 38 fd25 οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος 1 This is the one The phrase **This is the one** throughout this passage refers to Moses.
|
||||
ACT 7 38 y2zu ὃς ἐδέξατο λόγια ζῶντα δοῦναι ὑμῖν 1 who received living words to give to us God was the one who gave those words. Alternate translation: “to whom God spoke living words to give to us”
|
||||
ACT 7 38 p3xk figs-metonymy λόγια ζῶντα 1 living words Possible meanings are (1) “a message that endures” or (2) “words that give life.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 39 mvz8 figs-metaphor ἀπώσαντο 1 pushed him away from themselves This metaphor emphasizes their rejection of Moses. Alternate translation: “they rejected him as their leader” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 7 39 z3ze figs-metonymy ἐστράφησαν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν 1 in their hearts they turned back Here “hearts” is a metonym for people’s thoughts. To do something in the heart means to desire do to something. Alternate translation: “they desired to turn back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 39 mvz8 figs-metaphor ἀπώσαντο 1 they pushed him away This metaphor emphasizes their rejection of Moses. Alternate translation: “they rejected him as their leader” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 7 39 z3ze figs-metonymy ἐστράφησαν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν 1 turned back in their hearts Here **hearts** is a metonym for people’s thoughts. To do something in the heart means to desire to do something. Alternate translation: “they desired to turn back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 41 w38i 0 General Information: Stephen’s quotation here is from the prophet Amos.
|
||||
ACT 7 41 ux1j figs-explicit ἐμοσχοποίησαν 1 they made a calf Stephen’s audience knew the calf they made was a statue. Alternate translation: “they made a statue that looked like a calf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 41 hh77 ἐμοσχοποίησαν…εἰδώλῳ…τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν 1 a calf…the idol…the work of their hands These phrases all refer to the same statue of the calf.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 d3dd translate-symaction ἔστρεψεν…ὁ Θεὸς 1 God turned “God turned away.” This action expresses that God was not pleased with the people and no longer helped them. Alternate translation: “God stopped correcting them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 41 ux1j figs-explicit ἐμοσχοποίησαν 1 they made an image of a calf Stephen’s audience knew the **image of a calf** they made was a statue to be used as an idol. Alternate translation: “they made as an idol a statue that looked like a calf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 41 hh77 ἐμοσχοποίησαν…τῷ εἰδώλῳ…τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν 1 they made an image of a calf…to the idol…the work of their hands These phrases all refer to the same statue of the calf.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 d3dd translate-symaction ἔστρεψεν…ὁ Θεὸς 1 God turned away This action expresses that God was not pleased with the people and no longer helped them. Alternate translation: “God stopped correcting them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 42 rag5 παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς 1 gave them up “abandoned them”
|
||||
ACT 7 42 u7lx τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 the stars in the sky Possible meanings for the original phrase are (1) the stars only or (2) the sun, moon, and stars.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 f314 βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν 1 the book of the prophets This was apparently a collection of the writings of several of the Old Testament prophets into one scroll. It would also have included the writings of Amo.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 gd1b figs-rquestion σφάγια καὶ θυσίας προσηνέγκατέ μοι, ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ 1 Did you offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices…Israel? God asked this question to show Israel they did not worship Him with their sacrifices. Alternate translation: “You did not honor me when you offered slain beasts and sacrifices…Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 42 j4q8 figs-metonymy οἶκος Ἰσραήλ 1 house of Israel This refers to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “all you Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 42 u7lx τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 the host of heaven Possible meanings for the original phrase are (1) the stars in the sky or (2) the sun, moon, and stars.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 f314 βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν 1 the book of the prophets This was apparently a collection of the writings of several of the Old Testament prophets into one scroll. It would also have included the writings of Amos.
|
||||
ACT 7 42 gd1b figs-rquestion μὴ σφάγια καὶ θυσίας προσηνέγκατέ μοι, ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ? 1 You did not offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices for 40 years in the wilderness, did you, O house of Israel? God asked this question to show Israel they did not worship Him with their sacrifices. Alternate translation: “You did not honor me when you offered slain beasts and sacrifices for 40 years in the wilderness O house of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 42 j4q8 figs-metonymy οἶκος Ἰσραήλ 1 O house of Israel This refers to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “all you Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 43 zek5 0 General Information: The quotation from the prophet Amos continues here.
|
||||
ACT 7 43 fs4q 0 Connecting Statement: Stephen continues his response to the high priest and the council which he began in [Acts 7:2](../07/02.md).
|
||||
ACT 7 43 rk4z figs-explicit ἀνελάβετε 1 You accepted It is implied that they took these idols with them as they traveled in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “you carried with you from place to place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 43 im7e σκηνὴν τοῦ Μολὸχ 1 tabernacle of Molech the tent that housed the false god Molech
|
||||
ACT 7 43 cq47 ὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ…Ῥαιφάν 1 the star of the god Rephan the star that is identified with the false god Rephan
|
||||
ACT 7 43 gm4g τοὺς τύπους οὓς ἐποιήσατε 1 the images that you made They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan in order to worship them.
|
||||
ACT 7 43 rk4z figs-explicit ἀνελάβετε 1 you took up It is implied that they took these idols with them as they traveled in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “you carried with you from place to place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 43 im7e τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ Μολὸχ 1 the tabernacle of Molech the tent that housed the false god Molech
|
||||
ACT 7 43 cq47 ὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ ὑμῶν Ῥαιφάν 1 the star of your god Rephan the star that is identified with the false god Rephan
|
||||
ACT 7 43 gm4g τοὺς τύπους οὓς ἐποιήσατε 1 and the images that you made They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan in order to worship them.
|
||||
ACT 7 43 zgq6 μετοικιῶ ὑμᾶς ἐπέκεινα Βαβυλῶνος 1 I will carry you away beyond Babylon “I will remove you to places even farther than Babylon.” This would be God’s act of judgment.
|
||||
ACT 7 44 m9gw ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου 1 the tabernacle of the testimony The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it
|
||||
ACT 7 45 n2sc ἣν…εἰσήγαγον, διαδεξάμενοι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ 1 our fathers, under Joshua, received the tabernacle and brought it with them The phrase “under Joshua” means that their ancestors did these things in obedience to Joshua’s direction. Alternate translation: “our fathers, in accordance with Joshua’s instructions, received the tabernacle and brought it with them”
|
||||
ACT 7 45 n1pp τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1 God took the land from the nations and drove them out before the face of our fathers This sentence tells why the ancestors were able to take possession of the land. Alternate translation: “God forced the nations to leave the land before the face of our fathers”
|
||||
ACT 7 45 spm5 figs-metonymy τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν…ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1 God took the land…before the face of our fathers Here “the face of our fathers” refers to the presence of their ancestors. Possible meanings are (1) “As our ancestors watched, God took the land from the nations and drove them out” or (2) “When our ancestors came, God took the land from the nations and drove them out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 45 c2fb figs-metonymy τῶν ἐθνῶν 1 the nations This refers to the people who lived in the land before Israel. Alternate translation: “the people who previously lived here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 45 m9ib ὧν ἐξῶσεν 1 drove them out “forced them to leave the land”
|
||||
ACT 7 46 w3cu σκήνωμα τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰακώβ 1 a dwelling place for the God of Jacob “a house for the ark where the God of Jacob could stay.” David wanted a permanent place for the ark to reside in Jerusalem, not in a tent.
|
||||
ACT 7 44 m9gw ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου 1 The tabernacle of the testimony The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it
|
||||
ACT 7 45 n2sc ἣν καὶ εἰσήγαγον, διαδεξάμενοι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ 1 Our fathers, under Joshua, received it and brought it with them The phrase **under Joshua** means that their ancestors did these things in obedience to Joshua’s direction. Alternate translation: “Our fathers, in accordance with Joshua’s instructions, received the tabernacle and brought it with them”
|
||||
ACT 7 45 n1pp ἐν τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1 when they took possession of the nations who God drove out from the face of our fathers This sentence tells why the ancestors were able to take possession of the land. Alternate translation: “when God forced the nations to leave the land before the face of our fathers so they could live in it”
|
||||
ACT 7 45 spm5 figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν 1 when they took possession of the nations who God drove out from the face of our fathers Here **the face of our fathers** refers to the presence of their ancestors. Possible meanings are (1) “when God took the land from the nations and drove them out as our ancestors watched” or (2) “when our ancestors came, God took the land from the nations and drove them out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 45 c2fb figs-metonymy τῶν ἐθνῶν 1 of the nations This refers to the people who lived in the land before Israel. Alternate translation: “of the people who previously lived here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 45 m9ib ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς 1 whom God drove out “whom God forced to leave the land”
|
||||
ACT 7 46 w3cu σκήνωμα τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰακώβ 1 a dwelling place for the house of Jacob “a house for the ark where the God of Jacob could stay.” David wanted a permanent place for the ark to reside in Jerusalem, not in a tent.
|
||||
ACT 7 47 a7bx 0 General Information: In verses 49 and 50, Stephen quotes from the prophet Isaiah. In the quotation, God is speaking about himself.
|
||||
ACT 7 48 c822 figs-synecdoche χειροποιήτοις 1 made with hands The hand is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “made by people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 7 49 k2vn ὁ οὐρανός μοι θρόνος, ἡ δὲ γῆ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν μου 1 Heaven is my throne…the earth is the footstool for my feet The prophet is comparing the greatness of God’s presence to how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a place for God to rest his feet.
|
||||
ACT 7 49 wc9m figs-rquestion ποῖον οἶκον οἰκοδομήσετέ μοι 1 What kind of house can you build for me? God asks this question to show how useless man’s efforts are to take care of God. Alternate translation: “You can not build a house adequate enough for me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 49 u1ft figs-rquestion τίς τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεώς μου 1 what is the place for my rest? God asks this question to show man that he cannot provide God any rest. Alternate translation: “There is no place of rest good enough for me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 50 rfk1 figs-rquestion οὐχὶ ἡ χείρ μου ἐποίησεν ταῦτα πάντα 1 Did my hand not make all these things? God asks this question to show that man did not create anything. Alternate translation: “My hand made all these things!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 48 c822 figs-synecdoche χειροποιήτοις 1 houses made with hands Here **hand** is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “houses made by people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 7 49 k2vn ὁ οὐρανός μοι θρόνος, ἡ δὲ γῆ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν μου 1 Heaven is my throne, and the earth is the footstool for my feet The prophet is comparing the greatness of God’s presence to how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a place for God to rest his feet.
|
||||
ACT 7 49 wc9m figs-rquestion ποῖον οἶκον οἰκοδομήσετέ μοι? 1 What kind of house will you build for me? God asks this question to show how useless man’s efforts are to take care of God. Alternate translation: “You can not build a house adequate enough for me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 49 u1ft figs-rquestion ἢ τίς τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεώς μου? 1 or what is the place for my rest? God asks this question to show man that he cannot provide God any rest. Alternate translation: “and there is no place of rest good enough for me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 50 rfk1 figs-rquestion οὐχὶ ἡ χείρ μου ἐποίησεν ταῦτα πάντα? 1 Did my hand not make all these things? God asks this question to show that man did not create anything. Alternate translation: “My hand made all these things!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 51 zei2 0 Connecting Statement: With a sharp rebuke, Stephen finishes his response to the high priest and the council which he began in [Acts 7:2](../07/02.md).
|
||||
ACT 7 51 umq6 σκληροτράχηλοι 1 You people who are stiff-necked Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them.
|
||||
ACT 7 51 vn7h figs-idiom σκληροτράχηλοι 1 stiff-necked This does not mean their necks were stiff but rather that they were “stubborn.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 51 zp55 figs-metonymy ἀπερίτμητοι καρδίαις καὶ τοῖς ὠσίν 1 uncircumcised in heart and ears The Jews regarded uncircumcised people as disobedient to God. Stephen uses “hearts and ears” to represent to the Jewish leaders who acted the way Gentiles act when they do not obey or listen to God. Alternate translation: “you refuse to obey and hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 52 x7kf figs-rquestion τίνα τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἐδίωξαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν 1 Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? Stephen asked this question to show them that they learned nothing from the errors of their forefathers. Alternate translation: “Your forefathers persecuted every prophet!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 52 q8wb Δικαίου 1 Righteous One This refers to the Christ, the Messiah.
|
||||
ACT 7 52 agd9 ὑμεῖς προδόται καὶ φονεῖς ἐγένεσθε 1 you have now become the betrayers and murderers of him also “you have also betrayed and murdered him”
|
||||
ACT 7 52 fcc6 φονεῖς 1 murderers of him “murderers of the Righteous One” or “murderers of the Christ”
|
||||
ACT 7 53 euw5 τὸν νόμον εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων 1 the law that angels had established “the laws that God caused angels to give to our ancestors”
|
||||
ACT 7 51 umq6 σκληροτράχηλοι 1 O stiff-necked Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them.
|
||||
ACT 7 51 vn7h figs-idiom σκληροτράχηλοι 1 O stiff-necked This does not mean their necks were stiff but rather that they were “stubborn.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 51 zp55 figs-metonymy ἀπερίτμητοι καρδίαις καὶ τοῖς ὠσίν 1 uncircumcised in heart and ears The Jews regarded uncircumcised people as disobedient to God. Stephen uses **heart and ears** to represent to the Jewish leaders who acted the way Gentiles act when they do not obey or listen to God. Alternate translation: “you refuse to obey and hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 7 52 x7kf figs-rquestion τίνα τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἐδίωξαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν? 1 Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? Stephen asked this question to show them that they learned nothing from the errors of their forefathers. Alternate translation: “Your forefathers persecuted every prophet!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 7 52 q8wb τοῦ Δικαίου 1 of the Righteous One This refers to the Christ, the Messiah.
|
||||
ACT 7 52 agd9 οὗ νῦν ὑμεῖς προδόται καὶ φονεῖς ἐγένεσθε 1 of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers “you have also betrayed and murdered him”
|
||||
ACT 7 53 euw5 τὸν νόμον εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων 1 the law as ordained by angels “the law that God caused angels to give to our ancestors”
|
||||
ACT 7 54 t4u2 0 Connecting Statement: The council reacts to Stephen’s words.
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ACT 7 54 ef2g ἀκούοντες δὲ ταῦτα 1 Now when they heard these things This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council members react.
|
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ACT 7 54 u4l7 figs-idiom διεπρίοντο 1 were cut to the heart To “cut to the heart” is an idiom for making a person extremely angry. Alternate translation: “were extremely angry” or “became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 54 ae9s translate-symaction ἔβρυχον τοὺς ὀδόντας ἐπ’ αὐτόν 1 ground their teeth at him This action expressed their strong anger at Stephen or hatred of Stephen. Alternate translation: “they became so angry that they ground their teeth together” or “moved their teeth back and forth as they looked at Stephen”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
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ACT 7 55 ntp4 ἀτενίσας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 looked up intently into heaven “Stared up into heaven.” It appears that only Stephen saw this vision and not anyone else in the crowd.
|
||||
ACT 7 55 bl2j figs-explicit εἶδεν δόξαν Θεοῦ 1 saw the glory of God People normally experienced the glory of God as a bright light. Alternate translation: “saw a bright light from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 55 vyz3 translate-symaction καὶ Ἰησοῦν ἑστῶτα ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 and he saw Jesus standing at the right hand of God To stand at the “right hand of God” is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “and he saw Jesus standing in the place of honor and authority beside God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 54 ef2g ἀκούοντες δὲ ταῦτα 1 Now hearing these things This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council members react.
|
||||
ACT 7 54 u4l7 figs-idiom διεπρίοντο ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν 1 they were cut to their hearts Here “cut to their hearts” is an idiom for making them extremely angry. Alternate translation: “they became extremely angry” or “they became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 7 54 ae9s translate-symaction ἔβρυχον τοὺς ὀδόντας ἐπ’ αὐτόν 1 they ground their teeth at him This action expressed their strong anger at Stephen or hatred of Stephen. Alternate translation: “they became so angry that they ground their teeth together” or “they moved their teeth back and forth as they looked at Stephen”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
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ACT 7 55 ntp4 ἀτενίσας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 and looking intently into heaven “and staring up into heaven.” It appears that only Stephen saw this vision and not anyone else in the crowd.
|
||||
ACT 7 55 bl2j figs-explicit εἶδεν δόξαν Θεοῦ 1 he saw the glory of God People normally experienced the glory of God as a bright light. Alternate translation: “he saw a bright light from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 7 55 vyz3 translate-symaction καὶ Ἰησοῦν ἑστῶτα ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 and Jesus standing at the right hand of God To stand **at the right hand of God** is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “and he saw Jesus standing in the place of honor and authority beside God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 56 aqp8 Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 Son of Man Stephen refers to Jesus by the title “Son of Man.”
|
||||
ACT 7 57 p4cg translate-symaction συνέσχον τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν 1 covered their ears “put their hands on their ears.” They did this to show that they did not want to hear any more of what Stephen said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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ACT 7 58 ks1u ἐκβαλόντες ἔξω τῆς πόλεως 1 They dragged him out of the city “They seized Stephen and forcefully took him out of the city”
|
||||
ACT 7 58 wy7n τὰ ἱμάτια 1 outer clothing These are cloaks or robes they would wear outside to stay warm, similar in function to a jacket or coat.
|
||||
ACT 7 57 p4cg translate-symaction συνέσχον τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν 1 they covered their ears “they put their hands on their ears.” They did this to show that they did not want to hear any more of what Stephen said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 58 ks1u ἐκβαλόντες ἔξω τῆς πόλεως 1 throwing him outside the city “seizing Stephen, they forcefully took him out of the city”
|
||||
ACT 7 58 wy7n τὰ ἱμάτια 1 outer garments These are cloaks or robes they would wear outside to stay warm, similar in function to a jacket or coat.
|
||||
ACT 7 58 sx2p παρὰ τοὺς πόδας 1 at the feet “in front of.” They were placed there so Saul could watch them.
|
||||
ACT 7 58 e2vl νεανίου 1 a young man Saul was probably around 30 years old at the time.
|
||||
ACT 7 58 e2vl νεανίου 1 of a young man Saul was probably around 30 years old at the time.
|
||||
ACT 7 59 le7k 0 Connecting Statement: This ends the story of Stephen.
|
||||
ACT 7 59 k2el δέξαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου 1 receive my spirit “take my spirit.” It may be helpful to add “please” to show that this was a request. Alternate translation: “please receive my spirit”
|
||||
ACT 7 60 u86q translate-symaction θεὶς δὲ τὰ γόνατα 1 He knelt down This is an act of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 60 u86q translate-symaction θεὶς δὲ τὰ γόνατα 1 But having knelt down on his knees This is an act of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 7 60 tvf8 figs-litotes μὴ στήσῃς αὐτοῖς ταύτην τὴν ἁμαρτίαν 1 do not hold this sin against them This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: “forgive them for this sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
ACT 7 60 r9vi figs-euphemism ἐκοιμήθη 1 fell asleep Here to fall asleep is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
ACT 7 60 r9vi figs-euphemism ἐκοιμήθη 1 he fell asleep Here to fall asleep is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
ACT 8 intro q9d9 0 # Acts 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry that is quoted from the Old Testament in 8:32-33.<br><br>The first sentence of verse 1 ends the description of the events in chapter 7. Luke begins a new part of his history with the words “So there began.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Receiving the Holy Spirit<br><br>In this chapter for the first time Luke speaks of people receiving the Holy Spirit ([Acts 8:15-19](../08/15.md)). The Holy Spirit had already enabled the believers to speak in tongues, to heal the sick, and to live as a community, and he had filled Stephen. But when the Jews started putting believers in prison, those believers who could leave Jerusalem did leave, and as they went, they told people about Jesus. When the people who heard about Jesus received the Holy Spirit, the church leaders knew that those people had truly become believers.<br><br>### Proclaimed<br><br>This chapter more than any other in the Book of Acts speaks of the believers proclaiming the word, proclaiming the good news, and proclaiming that Jesus is the Christ. The word “proclaim” translates a Greek word that means to tell good news about something.
|
||||
ACT 8 1 tp9e translate-versebridge 0 General Information: It may be helpful to your audience to move these parts of the story about Stephen together by using a verse bridge as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
|
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ACT 8 1 a7uc 0 Connecting Statement: The story shifts from Stephen to Saul in these verses.
|
||||
ACT 8 1 ez88 writing-background ἐγένετο…ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, διωγμὸς μέγας ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, τὴν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις. πάντες δὲ διεσπάρησαν κατὰ τὰς χώρας τῆς Ἰουδαίας καὶ Σαμαρείας, πλὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 So there began…except the apostles This part of verse 1 is background information about the persecution that began after Stephen’s death. This explains why Saul was persecuting the believers in verse 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 1 ez88 writing-background ἐγένετο…ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, διωγμὸς μέγας ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, τὴν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις. πάντες δὲ διεσπάρησαν κατὰ τὰς χώρας τῆς Ἰουδαίας καὶ Σαμαρείας, πλὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 there began on that day a great persecution against the church that was in Jerusalem, and they all were scattered throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria, except the apostles This part of verse 1 is background information about the persecution that began after Stephen’s death. This explains why Saul was persecuting the believers in verse 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 1 vc8x ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ 1 that day This refers to the day that Stephen died ([Acts 7:59-60](../07/59.md)).
|
||||
ACT 8 1 u5pi figs-hyperbole πάντες…διεσπάρησαν 1 the believers were all scattered The word “all” is a generalization to express that a large number of the believers left Jerusalem because of the persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 8 1 u5pi figs-hyperbole πάντες…διεσπάρησαν 1 they were all scattered The word **all** is a generalization to express that a large number of the believers left Jerusalem because of the persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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||||
ACT 8 1 k5a2 figs-explicit πλὴν τῶν ἀποστόλων 1 except the apostles This statement implies that the apostles remained in Jerusalem even though they also experienced this great persecution. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 8 2 sjc8 ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1 Devout men “God-fearing men” or “Men who feared God”
|
||||
ACT 8 2 sjc8 ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς 1 devout men “God-fearing men” or “men who feared God”
|
||||
ACT 8 2 a38x ἐποίησαν κοπετὸν μέγαν ἐπ’ αὐτῷ 1 made great lamentation over him “greatly mourned his death”
|
||||
ACT 8 3 nz28 σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1 dragged out men and women Saul forcefully took Jewish believers out of their home and put them into prison.
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||||
ACT 8 3 yd2i κατὰ τοὺς οἴκους 1 house after house “houses one by one”
|
||||
ACT 8 3 ylr6 σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1 dragged out men and women “took away men and women by force”
|
||||
ACT 8 3 nz28 σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1 dragging out both men and women Saul forcefully took Jewish believers out of their home and put them into prison.
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||||
ACT 8 3 yd2i κατὰ τοὺς οἴκους 1 according to the houses “houses one by one” or “from house to house”
|
||||
ACT 8 3 w6vk figs-explicit ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας 1 men and women This refers to men and women who believed in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 4 dh3x 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the story of Philip, whom the people had chosen as a deacon ([Acts 6:5](../06/05.md)).
|
||||
ACT 8 4 ymy5 figs-activepassive διασπαρέντες 1 who had been scattered The cause for the scattering, the persecution, was stated previously. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who had fled the great persecution and had gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 4 ymy5 figs-activepassive διασπαρέντες 1 had been scattered The cause for the scattering, the persecution, was stated previously. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “had fled the great persecution and had gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 4 su6i figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον 1 the word This is a metonym for “the message.” You may need to make explicit that the message was about Jesus. Alternate translation: “the message about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 5 gz5m κατελθὼν εἰς τὴν πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας 1 went down to the city of Samaria The phrase “went down” is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 8 5 gz5m κατελθὼν εἰς τὴν πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας 1 went down to the city of Samaria The phrase **went down** is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 8 5 f45b τὴν πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας 1 the city of Samaria Possible meanings are (1) Luke expected the readers to know which city he was writing about. Alternate translation: “the main city in Samaria” or (2) Luke did not expect his readers to know which city he was writing about. Alternate translation: “a city in Samaria”
|
||||
ACT 8 5 pk1l figs-metonymy ἐκήρυσσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Χριστόν 1 proclaimed to them the Christ The title “Christ” refers to Jesus, the Messiah. Alternate translation: “told them that Jesus is the Messiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 6 cnt9 δὲ οἱ ὄχλοι 1 When multitudes of people “When many people in the city of Samaria.” The location was specified in [Acts 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
ACT 8 6 wm83 προσεῖχον 1 they paid attention The reason people paid attention was because of all the healing Philip did.
|
||||
ACT 8 7 xb2n ἐχόντων πνεύματα ἀκάθαρτα 1 who were possessed “who had them” or “who were controlled by unclean spirits”
|
||||
ACT 8 8 z5z3 figs-metonymy ἐγένετο δὲ πολλὴ χαρὰ ἐν τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ 1 So there was much joy in that city The phrase “that city” refers to the people who were rejoicing. Alternate translation: “So the people of the city were rejoicing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 5 pk1l figs-metonymy ἐκήρυσσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Χριστόν 1 proclaimed to them the Christ The title **Christ** refers to Jesus, the Messiah. Alternate translation: “told them that Jesus is the Messiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 6 cnt9 δὲ οἱ ὄχλοι 1 And the crowds “And the people in the city of Samaria.” The location was specified in [Acts 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
ACT 8 6 wm83 προσεῖχον 1 were paying attention to The reason people paid attention was because of all the healing Philip did.
|
||||
ACT 8 7 xb2n ἐχόντων πνεύματα ἀκάθαρτα 1 having unclean spirits “who were controlled by unclean spirits”
|
||||
ACT 8 8 z5z3 figs-metonymy ἐγένετο δὲ πολλὴ χαρὰ ἐν τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ 1 And there was much joy in that city The phrase **that city** refers to the people who were rejoicing. Alternate translation: “So the people of the city were rejoicing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 9 jm7n writing-background 0 General Information: Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse gives the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 9 bed1 writing-participants ἀνὴρ δέ τις ὀνόματι Σίμων 1 But there was a certain man…named Simon This is a way of introducing a new person into the story. Your language may use different wording to introduce a new person into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 8 9 bed1 writing-participants ἀνὴρ δέ τις ὀνόματι Σίμων 1 But…a certain man named Simon This is a way of introducing a new person into the story. Your language may use different wording to introduce a new person into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 8 9 cx7a τῇ πόλει 1 the city “the city in Samaria” ([Acts 8:5](../08/05.md))
|
||||
ACT 8 10 kb9b writing-background 0 General Information: Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse continues to give the beginning of the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 10 evt7 figs-hyperbole πάντες 1 All the Samaritans The word “all” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “Many of the Samaritans” or “The Samaritans in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 8 10 ibl1 figs-merism ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου 1 from the least to the greatest These two phrases refer to everyone from one extreme to the other. Alternate translation: “no matter how important they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
ACT 8 10 j3d8 οὗτός ἐστιν ἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1 This man is that power of God which is called Great People were saying that Simon was the divine power known as “The Great Power.”
|
||||
ACT 8 10 yw5v ἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1 that power of God which is called Great Possible meanings are (1) the powerful representative of God or (2) God or (3) the most powerful man or (4) and angel. Since the term is unclear, it may be best to simply translate it as “the Great power of God” .
|
||||
ACT 8 10 evt7 figs-hyperbole προσεῖχον πάντες 1 they all…were paying attention The word **all** is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many of the Samaritans… were paying attention” or “the Samaritans in the city… were paying attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 8 10 ibl1 figs-merism ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου 1 from least to greatest These two phrases refer to everyone from one extreme to the other. Alternate translation: “no matter how important they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
ACT 8 10 j3d8 οὗτός ἐστιν ἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1 This man is the power of God which is called Great People were saying that Simon was the divine power known as “The Great Power.”
|
||||
ACT 8 10 yw5v ἡ Δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ καλουμένη Μεγάλη 1 the power of God which is called Great Possible meanings are (1) the powerful representative of God or (2) God or (3) the most powerful man or (4) and angel. Since the term is unclear, it may be best to simply translate it as “the Great power of God” .
|
||||
ACT 8 11 pxj8 writing-background 0 General Information: Simon is introduced to the story of Philip. This verse ends the background information about Simon and who he was among the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 12 yiw3 0 Connecting Statement: These verses give more information about Simon and some of the Samaritans coming to believe in Jesus.
|
||||
ACT 8 12 vsy8 figs-activepassive ἐβαπτίζοντο 1 they were baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Philip baptized them” or “Philip baptized the new believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 13 k2th figs-rpronouns ὁ…Σίμων…αὐτὸς ἐπίστευσεν 1 Simon himself believed The word “himself” is here used to emphasize that Simon believed. Alternate translation: “Simon was also one of those who believed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
ACT 8 13 v91t figs-activepassive βαπτισθεὶς 1 he was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Philip baptized Simon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 13 aj93 θεωρῶν τε σημεῖα 1 When he saw signs This could begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “When he saw”
|
||||
ACT 8 13 k2th figs-rpronouns ὁ…Σίμων καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπίστευσεν 1 Simon himself also believed The word **himself** is here used to emphasize that Simon believed. Alternate translation: “Simon was also one of those who believed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
ACT 8 13 v91t figs-activepassive βαπτισθεὶς 1 having been baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after Philip had baptized Simon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 14 q8wx 0 Connecting Statement: Luke continues the news of what was happening in Samaria.
|
||||
ACT 8 14 s7lr writing-newevent ἀκούσαντες δὲ οἱ ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἀπόστολοι 1 Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard This marks the beginning of a new part of the story of the Samaritan’s becoming believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 8 14 ju21 figs-synecdoche ἡ Σαμάρεια 1 Samaria This refers to the many people, who had become believers, throughout the district of Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 8 14 ju21 figs-synecdoche ἡ Σαμάρεια 1 Samaria This refers to the many people, who had become believers, throughout the district of Samaria. Alternate translation: “the Samaritans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 8 14 e682 δέδεκται 1 had received “had believed” or “had accepted”
|
||||
ACT 8 15 af1n οἵτινες καταβάντες 1 When they had come down “when Peter and John had come down”
|
||||
ACT 8 15 hk1m καταβάντες 1 come down This phrase is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 8 15 bun9 προσηύξαντο περὶ αὐτῶν 1 they prayed for them “Peter and John prayed for the Samaritan believers”
|
||||
ACT 8 15 n7vc ὅπως λάβωσιν Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1 that they might receive the Holy Spirit “that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit”
|
||||
ACT 8 15 af1n οἵτινες καταβάντες 1 who, having come down This refers to Peter and John.
|
||||
ACT 8 15 hk1m καταβάντες 1 having come down This phrase is used here because Samaria is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 8 15 bun9 προσηύξαντο περὶ αὐτῶν 1 prayed for them “prayed for the Samaritan believers”
|
||||
ACT 8 15 n7vc ὅπως λάβωσιν Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1 so that they might receive the Holy Spirit “so that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit”
|
||||
ACT 8 16 rn3c figs-metonymy μόνον…βεβαπτισμένοι ὑπῆρχον εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1 they had only been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus Here **name** represents authority, and being baptized into his name represents being baptized in order to be under his authority. Alternate translation: “they had only been baptized to become disciples of the Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 16 m1nw figs-activepassive μόνον…βεβαπτισμένοι ὑπῆρχον 1 they had only been baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Philip had only baptized the Samaritan believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 16 rn3c figs-metonymy μόνον…βεβαπτισμένοι ὑπῆρχον εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ 1 they had only been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus Here “name” represents authority, and being baptized into his name represents being baptized in order to be under his authority. Alternate translation: “they had only been baptized to become disciples of the Lord Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 17 fwh8 ἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1 they placed their hands on them Peter and John placed their hands on the Samaritan people who had believed Stephen’s message of the gospel.
|
||||
ACT 8 17 q7gd translate-symaction ἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1 they placed their hands on them This symbolic action shows that Peter and John wanted God to give the Holy Spirit to the believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 8 18 rh79 figs-activepassive διὰ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων δίδοται τὸ Πνεῦμα 1 the Holy Spirit was given through the laying on of the apostles’ hands This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the apostles gave the Holy Spirit by laying their hands on people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 19 fbw9 ἵνα ᾧ ἐὰν ἐπιθῶ τὰς χεῖρας, λαμβάνῃ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1 that whoever I place my hands on might receive the Holy Spirit “that I can give the Holy Spirit to anyone on whom I place my hands”
|
||||
ACT 8 17 fwh8 ἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1 they were laying their hands on them Peter and John placed their hands on the Samaritan people who had believed Stephen’s message of the gospel.
|
||||
ACT 8 17 q7gd translate-symaction ἐπετίθεσαν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 1 they were laying their hands on them This symbolic action shows that Peter and John wanted God to give the Holy Spirit to the believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 8 18 rh79 figs-activepassive διὰ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων δίδοται τὸ Πνεῦμα 1 the Holy Spirit was being given through the laying on of the hands of the apostles This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the apostles gave the Holy Spirit by laying their hands on people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 19 fbw9 ἵνα ᾧ ἐὰν ἐπιθῶ τὰς χεῖρας, λαμβάνῃ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον 1 so that whoever I lay my hands on may receive the Holy Spirit “so that I can give the Holy Spirit to anyone on whom I place my hands”
|
||||
ACT 8 20 df1j 0 General Information: Here the words him, your, you, and yours all refer to Simon.
|
||||
ACT 8 20 jju3 τὸ ἀργύριόν σου, σὺν σοὶ εἴη εἰς ἀπώλειαν 1 May your silver perish along with you “May you and your money be destroyed”
|
||||
ACT 8 20 jju3 τὸ ἀργύριόν σου, σὺν σοὶ εἴη εἰς ἀπώλειαν 1 Your silver with you is for destruction “May you and your money be destroyed”
|
||||
ACT 8 20 gh12 τὴν δωρεὰν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the gift of God Here this refers to the ability to give the Holy Spirit by laying his hands on someone.
|
||||
ACT 8 21 p2ev figs-doublet οὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1 You have no part or share in this matter The words “part” and “share” mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You may not participate in this work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 8 21 xbh2 figs-metonymy ἡ γὰρ καρδία σου οὐκ ἔστιν εὐθεῖα 1 your heart is not right Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or motives. Alternate translation: “you are not right in your heart” or “the motives of your mind are not right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 22 ppk5 figs-metonymy ἡ ἐπίνοια τῆς καρδίας σου 1 for the intention of your heart Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “for what you intended to do” or “for what you were thinking of doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 21 p2ev figs-doublet οὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ 1 There is to you no part or share in this matter The words **part** and **share** mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You may not participate in this work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ACT 8 21 xbh2 figs-metonymy ἡ γὰρ καρδία σου οὐκ ἔστιν εὐθεῖα 1 because your heart is not right Here **heart** is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or motives. Alternate translation: “because you are not right in your heart” or “because the motives of your mind are not right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 22 ppk5 figs-metonymy ἡ ἐπίνοια τῆς καρδίας σου 1 the intention of your heart Here **heart** is a metonym for a person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “what you intended to do” or “what you were thinking of doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 22 sa6s τῆς κακίας…ταύτης 1 this wickedness “these evil thoughts”
|
||||
ACT 8 22 pe2u εἰ ἄρα ἀφεθήσεταί 1 he might perhaps forgive “he may be willing to forgive”
|
||||
ACT 8 23 d3v7 figs-metaphor εἰς…χολὴν πικρίας 1 in the poison of bitterness Here “in the poison of bitterness” is a metaphor for being very envious. It speaks of envy as if it tastes bitter and poisons the person who is envious. Alternate translation: “very envious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 8 23 j696 figs-metaphor σύνδεσμον ἀδικίας 1 in the bonds of sin The phrase “bonds of sin” is spoken of as if sin can restrain Simon and keep him a prisoner. It is metaphor that means Simon is not able to stop himself from sinning. Alternate translation: “because you continue sinning you are like a prisoner” or “you are like a prisoner to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 8 22 pe2u εἰ ἄρα ἀφεθήσεταί σοι ἡ ἐπίνοια τῆς καρδίας σου 1 if therefore the intention of your heart will be forgiven to you “If he may be willing to forgive you for the desires you had”
|
||||
ACT 8 23 d3v7 figs-metaphor εἰς…χολὴν πικρίας 1 in the poison of bitterness Here **in the poison of bitterness** is a metaphor for being very envious. It speaks of envy as if it tastes bitter and poisons the person who is envious. Alternate translation: “very envious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 8 23 j696 figs-metaphor σύνδεσμον ἀδικίας 1 the bond of unrighteousness The phrase **bond of unrighteousness** is spoken of as if unrighteousness can restrain Simon and keep him a prisoner. It is metaphor that means Simon is not able to stop himself from sinning. Alternate translation: “because you continue sinning you are like a prisoner” or “you are like a prisoner to unrighteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 8 24 n5cw 0 General Information: Here the word “you” refers to Peter and John.
|
||||
ACT 8 24 u1a4 ὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ 1 so that nothing you have said may happen to me This can be stated another way. Alternate translation: “the things you have said…may not happen to me”
|
||||
ACT 8 24 sk5w ὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ 1 so that nothing you have said may happen to me This refers to Peter’s rebuke about Simon’s silver perishing along with him.
|
||||
ACT 8 24 u1a4 ὅπως μηδὲν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ὧν εἰρήκατε 1 so that nothing of which you have spoken may happen to me This can be stated another way. Alternate translation: “so that the things you have said may not happen to me”
|
||||
ACT 8 24 sk5w μηδὲν…ὧν εἰρήκατε 1 nothing…of which you have spoken This refers to Peter’s rebuke about Simon’s silver perishing along with him.
|
||||
ACT 8 25 dl9f 0 Connecting Statement: This is concludes the part of the story about Simon and the Samaritans.
|
||||
ACT 8 25 uz15 διαμαρτυράμενοι 1 testified Peter and John told what they personally knew about Jesus to the Samaritans.
|
||||
ACT 8 25 ww9k figs-metonymy λαλήσαντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1 spoken the word of the Lord “Word” here is a metonym for “message.” Peter and John explained the message about Jesus to the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 25 eu66 figs-synecdoche πολλάς…κώμας τῶν Σαμαρειτῶν 1 to many villages of the Samaritans Here “villages” refers to the people in them. Alternate translation: “to the people in many Samaritan villages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 8 25 uz15 οἱ…διαμαρτυράμενοι 1 when they had testified Peter and John told what they personally knew about Jesus to the Samaritans.
|
||||
ACT 8 25 ww9k figs-metonymy λαλήσαντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Κυρίου 1 spoken the word of the Lord Here **word** is a metonym for “message.” Peter and John explained the message about Jesus to the Samaritans. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 25 eu66 figs-synecdoche πολλάς…κώμας τῶν Σαμαρειτῶν 1 to many villages of the Samaritans Here **villages** refers to the people in them. Alternate translation: “to the people in many Samaritan villages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 8 26 zkc5 writing-background 0 General Information: Verse 27 gives background information about the man from Ethiopia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 26 rnh4 0 Connecting Statement: This begins the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia.
|
||||
ACT 8 26 mbj9 writing-newevent δὲ 1 Now This marks a transition in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 8 26 w1nk ἀνάστηθι καὶ πορεύου 1 Arise and go These verbs work together to emphasize that he should get ready to start a long journey that will take some time. Alternate translation: “Get ready to travel”
|
||||
ACT 8 26 le2c τὴν καταβαίνουσαν ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Γάζαν 1 goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza The phrase “goes down” is used here because Jerusalem is higher in elevation than Gaza.
|
||||
ACT 8 26 a18y writing-background αὕτη ἐστὶν ἔρημος 1 This road is in a desert Most scholars believe Luke added this comment to describe the area through which Philip would travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 xy7x writing-participants ἰδοὺ 1 Behold The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 s1uf εὐνοῦχος 1 eunuch The emphasis of “eunuch” here is about the Ethiopian’s being a high government official, not so much his physical state of being castrated.
|
||||
ACT 8 27 t5t1 translate-names Κανδάκης 1 Candace This was a title for the queens of Ethiopia. It is similar to the way the word Pharaoh was used for the kings of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 v8q7 figs-explicit ὃς ἐληλύθει προσκυνήσων εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 He had come to Jerusalem to worship This implies that he was a Gentile who believed in God and had come to worship at the Jewish temple. Alternate translation: “He had come to worship God at the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 26 le2c τὴν καταβαίνουσαν ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Γάζαν 1 that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza The phrase “goes down” is used here because Jerusalem is higher in elevation than Gaza.
|
||||
ACT 8 26 a18y writing-background αὕτη ἐστὶν ἔρημος 1 This is desert Most scholars believe Luke added this comment to describe the area through which Philip would travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 xy7x writing-participants ἰδοὺ 1 behold The word **behold** alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 s1uf εὐνοῦχος 1 a eunuch The emphasis of **eunuch** here is that the Ethiopian was a high government official, not that his physical state was being castrated.
|
||||
ACT 8 27 t5t1 translate-names Κανδάκης 1 of Candace This was a title for the queens of Ethiopia. It is similar to the way the word Pharaoh was used for the kings of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 8 27 v8q7 figs-explicit ὃς ἐληλύθει προσκυνήσων εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 who had come to Jerusalem to worship This implies that he was a Gentile who believed in God and had come to worship at the Jewish temple. Alternate translation: “who had come to worship God at the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 28 d3kv τοῦ ἅρματος 1 chariot Possibly “wagon” or “carriage” is more fitting in this context. Chariots are normally mentioned as a vehicle for war, not as a vehicle for long-distance travel. Also, people stood to ride in chariots.
|
||||
ACT 8 28 bx2j figs-metonymy ἀνεγίνωσκεν τὸν προφήτην Ἠσαΐαν 1 reading the prophet Isaiah This is the Old Testament book Isaiah. Alternate translation: “reading from the book of the prophet Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 29 llh1 figs-metonymy κολλήθητι τῷ ἅρματι τούτῳ 1 stay close to this chariot Philip understood that this meant he was to stay close to the person riding in the chariot. Alternate translation: “accompany the man in this chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 28 bx2j figs-metonymy ἀνεγίνωσκεν τὸν προφήτην Ἠσαΐαν 1 was reading the prophet Isaiah This is the Old Testament book Isaiah. Alternate translation: “was reading from the book of the prophet Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 29 llh1 figs-metonymy κολλήθητι τῷ ἅρματι τούτῳ 1 be joined to this chariot Philip understood that this meant he was to stay close to the person riding in the chariot. Alternate translation: “accompany the man in this chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 30 ffh7 figs-metonymy ἀναγινώσκοντος Ἠσαΐαν τὸν προφήτην 1 reading Isaiah the prophet This is the Old Testament book Isaiah. Alternate translation: “reading from the book of the prophet Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 30 x98i ἆρά…γινώσκεις ἃ ἀναγινώσκεις 1 Do you understand what you are reading? The Ethiopian was intelligent and could read, but he lacked spiritual discernment. Alternate translation: “Do you understand the meaning of what you are reading?”
|
||||
ACT 8 31 r5g2 figs-rquestion πῶς…δυναίμην ἐὰν μή τις ὁδηγήσει με 1 How can I, unless someone guides me? This question was asked to state emphatically that he could not understand without help. Alternate translation: “I cannot understand unless someone guides me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 31 zx9h figs-explicit παρεκάλεσέν…τὸν Φίλιππον, ἀναβάντα καθίσαι σὺν αὐτῷ 1 He begged Philip to…sit with him It is implied here that Philip agreed to travel down the road with him to explain the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 30 x98i ἆρά γε γινώσκεις ἃ ἀναγινώσκεις 1 Do you understand what you are reading? The Ethiopian was intelligent and could read, but he lacked spiritual discernment. Alternate translation: “Do you understand the meaning of what you are reading?”
|
||||
ACT 8 31 r5g2 figs-rquestion πῶς…ἂν δυναίμην ἐὰν μή τις ὁδηγήσει με? 1 how would I be able, unless someone will guide me? This question was asked to state emphatically that he could not understand without help. Alternate translation: “I cannot understand unless someone guides me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 31 zx9h figs-explicit παρεκάλεσέν…τὸν Φίλιππον, ἀναβάντα καθίσαι σὺν αὐτῷ 1 he summoned Philip, having come up, to sit with him It is implied here that Philip agreed to travel down the road with him to explain the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 8 32 nd93 0 General Information: This a passage from the book of Isaiah. Here the words “he” and “his” refer to the Messiah.
|
||||
ACT 8 32 lu3j ὡς ἀμνὸς ἐναντίον τοῦ κείραντος αὐτὸν ἄφωνος 1 like a lamb before his shearer is silent A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used.
|
||||
ACT 8 33 y2a1 figs-activepassive ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει, ἡ κρίσις αὐτοῦ ἤρθη 1 In his humiliation justice was taken away from him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He was humiliated and they did not judge him fairly” or “he allowed himself to be humbled before his accusers and he suffered injustice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 33 k3uz figs-rquestion τὴν γενεὰν αὐτοῦ τίς διηγήσεται 1 Who can fully describe his descendants? This question was used to emphasize the he will not have descendants. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to speak about his descendant, for there will not be any” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 32 lu3j ὡς ἀμνὸς ἐναντίον τοῦ κείραντος αὐτὸν ἄφωνος 1 like a lamb before its shearer is silent A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used.
|
||||
ACT 8 33 y2a1 figs-activepassive ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει, ἡ κρίσις αὐτοῦ ἤρθη 1 In humiliation his justice was taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He was humiliated and they did not judge him fairly” or “He allowed his accusers to humble him and he suffered injustice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 33 k3uz figs-rquestion τὴν γενεὰν αὐτοῦ τίς διηγήσεται? 1 Who can fully describe his generation? This question was used to emphasize the he will not have descendants. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to speak about his descendant, for there will not be any.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 33 idk8 figs-activepassive αἴρεται ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ 1 his life was taken from the earth This referred to his death. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “men killed him” or “men took his life from the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 8 34 htb2 δέομαί σου 1 I beg you “Please tell me”
|
||||
ACT 8 35 uw21 figs-metonymy τῆς Γραφῆς ταύτης 1 this scripture This refers to Isaiah’s writings in the Old Testament. Alternate translation: “in the writings of Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 36 ip13 ἐπορεύοντο κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν 1 they went on the road “they continued to travel along the road”
|
||||
ACT 8 36 muz2 figs-rquestion τί κωλύει με βαπτισθῆναι 1 What prevents me from being baptized? The eunuch uses this question as a way of asking Philip for permission to be baptized. Alternate translation: “Please allow me to be baptized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 34 htb2 δέομαί σου 1 I am begging you “Please tell me”
|
||||
ACT 8 35 uw21 figs-metonymy τῆς Γραφῆς ταύτης 1 this scripture This refers to Isaiah’s writings in the Old Testament. Alternate translation: “the writings of Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 8 36 ip13 ἐπορεύοντο κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν 1 they were going along the road “they continued to travel along the road”
|
||||
ACT 8 36 muz2 figs-rquestion τί κωλύει με βαπτισθῆναι? 1 What is preventing me from being baptized? The eunuch uses this question as a way of asking Philip for permission to be baptized. Alternate translation: “Please allow me to be baptized.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 8 38 l8wl ἐκέλευσεν στῆναι τὸ ἅρμα 1 he commanded the chariot to stop “the eunich told the driver of the chariot to stop”
|
||||
ACT 8 39 tz5u 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story about Philip and the man from Ethiopia. The story of Philip ends at Caesarea.
|
||||
ACT 8 39 xp52 οὐκ εἶδεν αὐτὸν οὐκέτι ὁ εὐνοῦχος 1 the eunuch saw him no more “the eunuch did not see Philip again”
|
||||
ACT 8 40 r1x7 Φίλιππος…εὑρέθη εἰς Ἄζωτον 1 Philip appeared at Azotus There was no indication of Philip’s traveling between where he baptized the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at the town of Azotus.
|
||||
ACT 8 40 arh5 διερχόμενος 1 that region This refers to the area around the town of Azotus.
|
||||
ACT 8 39 xp52 οὐκ εἶδεν αὐτὸν οὐκέτι ὁ εὐνοῦχος 1 the eunuch did not see him anymore “the eunuch did not see Philip again”
|
||||
ACT 8 40 r1x7 Φίλιππος…εὑρέθη εἰς Ἄζωτον 1 Philip was found at Azotus There was no indication of Philip’s traveling between where he baptized the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at the town of Azotus.
|
||||
ACT 8 40 arh5 διερχόμενος 1 passed through Philip preached in the area around the town of Azotus.
|
||||
ACT 8 40 zfn6 τὰς πόλεις πάσας 1 to all the cities “to all the cities in that region”
|
||||
ACT 9 intro jm6x 0 # Acts 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “The Way”<br><br>No one knows for sure who first started calling believers “followers of the Way.” This is probably what the believers called themselves, because the Bible often speaks of a person living his life as if that person were walking on a path or “way.” If this is true, the believers were “following the way of the Lord” by living in a way that pleased God.<br><br>### “Letters for the synagogues in Damascus”<br><br>The “letters” Paul asked for were probably legal papers that permitted him to put Christians in prison. The synagogue leaders in Damascus would have obeyed the letter because it was written by the high priest. If the Romans had seen the letter, they also would have allowed Saul to persecute the Christians, because they permitted the Jews to do as they desired to people who broke their religious laws.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### What Saul saw when he met Jesus<br><br>It is clear that Saul saw a light and that it was because of this light that he “fell upon the ground.” Some people think that Saul knew that it was the Lord speaking to him without seeing a human form, because the Bible often speaks of God as being light and living in light. Other people think that later in his life he was able to say, “I have seen the Lord Jesus” because it was a human form that he saw here.
|
||||
ACT 9 1 r4n5 writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information telling us what Saul has been doing since the stoning of Stephen. Here the word “him” refers to the high priest and “he” refers to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 9 1 yt9e 0 Connecting Statement: The story shifts back to Saul and his salvation.
|
||||
ACT 9 1 anb6 figs-abstractnouns ἔτι ἐμπνέων ἀπειλῆς καὶ φόνου εἰς τοὺς μαθητὰς 1 still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples The noun “murder” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 9 2 v9lw figs-metonymy πρὸς τὰς συναγωγάς 1 for the synagogues This refers to the people in the synagogues. Alternate translation: “for the people in the synagogues” or “for the leaders in the synagogues” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 2 y8f6 ἐάν τινας εὕρῃ 1 if he found any “when he found anyone” or “if he found anyone”
|
||||
ACT 9 2 pk19 τῆς ὁδοῦ, ὄντας 1 who belonged to the Way “who followed the teachings of Jesus Christ”
|
||||
ACT 9 2 n94s τῆς ὁδοῦ 1 the Way This term appears to have been a title for Christianity at that time.
|
||||
ACT 9 2 a6z4 figs-explicit δεδεμένους ἀγάγῃ εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 he might bring them bound to Jerusalem “he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem.” Paul’s purpose can be made clear by adding “so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 1 anb6 figs-abstractnouns ἔτι ἐμπνέων ἀπειλῆς καὶ φόνου εἰς τοὺς μαθητὰς 1 still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples The noun **murder** can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ACT 9 2 v9lw figs-metonymy πρὸς τὰς συναγωγάς 1 to the synagogues This refers to the people in the synagogues. Alternate translation: “to the people in the synagogues” or “to the leaders in the synagogues” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 2 y8f6 ἐάν τινας εὕρῃ 1 if he might find anyone “whenever he found anyone”
|
||||
ACT 9 2 pk19 τῆς ὁδοῦ, ὄντας 1 being of the Way “who belonged to the Way” or “who followed the teachings of Jesus Christ”
|
||||
ACT 9 2 n94s τῆς ὁδοῦ 1 of the Way This term appears to have been a title for Christianity at that time.
|
||||
ACT 9 2 a6z4 figs-explicit δεδεμένους ἀγάγῃ εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 having bound them, he might bring them to Jerusalem “he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem.” Paul’s purpose can be made clear by adding “so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 3 lv9q 0 Connecting Statement: After the high priest gave Saul the letters, Saul left for Damascus.
|
||||
ACT 9 3 jf4g ἐν…τῷ πορεύεσθαι 1 As he was traveling Saul left Jerusalem and now travels to Damascus.
|
||||
ACT 9 3 jf4g ἐν…τῷ πορεύεσθαι 1 as he was traveling Saul had left Jerusalem and was traveling to Damascus.
|
||||
ACT 9 3 by55 writing-newevent ἐγένετο 1 it happened that This is an expression that marks a change in the story to show something different is about to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 3 dm6c τε αὐτὸν περιήστραψεν φῶς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 there shone all around him a light out of heaven “a light from heaven shone all around him”
|
||||
ACT 9 3 gua8 ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 out of heaven Possible meanings are (1) heaven, where God lives or (2) the sky. The first meaning is preferable. Use that meaning if your language has a separate word for it.
|
||||
ACT 9 4 y4u4 πεσὼν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν 1 he fell upon the ground Possible meanings are that (1) “Saul threw himself to the ground” or (2) “The light caused him to fall to the ground” or (3) “Saul fell to the ground the way one who fainted fell.” Saul did not fall accidentally.
|
||||
ACT 9 4 c9l4 figs-rquestion τί με διώκεις 1 why are you persecuting me? This rhetorical question communicates a rebuke to Saul. In some languages a statement would be more natural (AT): “You are persecuting me!” or a command (AT): “Stop persecuting me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 9 3 dm6c αὐτὸν περιήστραψεν φῶς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 there shone on him a light from heaven “a light from heaven shone all around him”
|
||||
ACT 9 3 gua8 ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 from heaven Possible meanings are (1) heaven, where God lives or (2) the sky. The first meaning is preferable. Use that meaning if your language has a separate word for it.
|
||||
ACT 9 4 y4u4 πεσὼν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν 1 he fell to the ground Possible meanings are that (1) “Saul threw himself to the ground” or (2) “The light caused him to fall to the ground” or (3) “Saul fell to the ground the way one who fainted fell.” Saul did not fall accidentally.
|
||||
ACT 9 4 c9l4 figs-rquestion τί με διώκεις? 1 why are you persecuting me? This rhetorical question communicates a rebuke to Saul. In some languages a statement would be more natural (AT): “You are persecuting me!” or a command (AT): “Stop persecuting me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 9 5 q8ge 0 General Information: Every occurrence of the word “you” here is singular.
|
||||
ACT 9 5 jaq2 τίς εἶ, κύριε 1 Who are you, Lord? Saul was not acknowledging that Jesus is the Lord. He uses that title because he understood that he spoke to someone of supernatural power.
|
||||
ACT 9 5 abc0 ὁ 1 He said Jesus is speaking.
|
||||
ACT 9 6 i1kj ἀλλὰ ἀνάστηθι καὶ εἴσελθε εἰς τὴν πόλιν 1 but rise, enter into the city “get up and go into the city Damascus”
|
||||
ACT 9 6 fbi6 figs-activepassive λαληθήσεταί σοι 1 it will be told you This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “someone will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 5 jaq2 τίς εἶ, κύριε? 1 Who are you, Lord? Saul was not acknowledging that Jesus is the Lord. He uses that title because he understood that he spoke to someone of supernatural power.
|
||||
ACT 9 5 abc0 ὁ 1 he Jesus is speaking. Alternate translation: “he replied”
|
||||
ACT 9 6 i1kj ἀνάστηθι καὶ εἴσελθε εἰς τὴν πόλιν 1 get up and enter into the city “get up and go into Damascus”
|
||||
ACT 9 6 fbi6 figs-activepassive λαληθήσεταί σοι 1 it will be told to you This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “someone will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 7 xu7c ἀκούοντες μὲν τῆς φωνῆς, μηδένα δὲ θεωροῦντες 1 hearing the voice, but seeing no one “they heard the voice, but they did not see anyone”
|
||||
ACT 9 7 f9fe μηδένα δὲ θεωροῦντες 1 but seeing no one “but saw no one.” Apparently only Saul experienced the light.
|
||||
ACT 9 8 puw3 figs-explicit ἀνεῳγμένων…τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ 1 when he opened his eyes This implies that he had closed his eyes because the light was too bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 8 dgg8 οὐδὲν ἔβλεπεν 1 he could see nothing “he could not see anything.” Saul was blind.
|
||||
ACT 9 9 fhn6 ἦν…μὴ βλέπων 1 was without sight “was blind” or “could not see anything”
|
||||
ACT 9 9 t8uc οὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδὲ ἔπιεν 1 he neither ate nor drank It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason.
|
||||
ACT 9 8 puw3 figs-explicit ἀνεῳγμένων…τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ 1 his eyes being opened This implies that he had closed his eyes because the light was too bright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 8 dgg8 οὐδὲν ἔβλεπεν 1 he was seeing nothing “he could not see anything.” Saul was blind.
|
||||
ACT 9 9 fhn6 ἦν…μὴ βλέπων 1 he was…without sight “he was…blind” or “he…could not see anything”
|
||||
ACT 9 9 t8uc οὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδὲ ἔπιεν 1 neither ate nor drank It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason.
|
||||
ACT 9 10 kgn9 translate-names 0 General Information: The story of Saul continues but Luke introduces another man named Ananias. This is not the same Ananias who died earlier in Acts [Acts 5:3](../05/03.md). You may translate this name the same way though as you did in [Acts 5:1](../05/01.md). Though there is more than one Judas mentioned in the New Testament, it is likely this is the only appearance of this Judas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 9 10 j847 writing-participants ἦν δέ 1 Now there was This introduces Ananias as a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 9 10 vl8k ὁ…εἶπεν 1 He said “Ananias said”
|
||||
ACT 9 10 vl8k ὁ…εἶπεν 3 he said “Ananias said”
|
||||
ACT 9 11 mn24 πορεύθητι ἐπὶ τὴν ῥύμην τὴν καλουμένην Εὐθεῖαν 1 go to the street which is called Straight “go to Straight Street”
|
||||
ACT 9 11 ie1l οἰκίᾳ Ἰούδα 1 house of Judas This Judas is not the disciple who betrayed Jesus. This Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Saul was staying.
|
||||
ACT 9 11 u5j8 Σαῦλον ὀνόματι Ταρσέα 1 a man from Tarsus named Saul “a man from the city of Tarsus named Saul” or “Saul of Tarsus”
|
||||
ACT 9 12 jk46 translate-symaction ἐπιθέντα αὐτῷ χεῖρας 1 laying his hands on him This was a symbol of giving a spiritual blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 9 11 ie1l οἰκίᾳ Ἰούδα 1 the house of Judas This Judas is not the disciple who betrayed Jesus. This Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Saul was staying.
|
||||
ACT 9 11 u5j8 Σαῦλον ὀνόματι Ταρσέα 1 a man named Saul, from Tarsus “a man from the city of Tarsus named Saul” or “Saul of Tarsus”
|
||||
ACT 9 12 jk46 translate-symaction ἐπιθέντα αὐτῷ χεῖρας 1 laying hands on him This was a symbol of giving a spiritual blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 9 12 nx5q ἀναβλέψῃ 1 he might see again “he might regain his ability to see”
|
||||
ACT 9 13 la9t ἁγίοις σου 1 your holy people Here “holy people” refers to Christians. Alternate translation: “the people in Jerusalem who believe in you”
|
||||
ACT 9 14 ptd6 figs-explicit ὧδε…ἐξουσίαν…δῆσαι πάντας 1 authority…to arrest everyone here It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 14 t3fl figs-metonymy τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομά σου 1 calls upon your name Here “your name” refers to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 15 jmt7 figs-metonymy σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς ἐστίν μοι οὗτος 1 he is a chosen instrument of mine “chosen instrument” refers to something that is set apart for service. Alternate translation: “I have chosen him to serve me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 15 z5fj figs-metonymy τοῦ βαστάσαι τὸ ὄνομά μου 1 to carry my name This is an expression for identifying or speaking out for Jesus. Alternate translation: “in order that he might speak about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 16 kty3 figs-metonymy ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματός μου 1 for the cause of my name This is an expression meaning “for telling people about me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 13 la9t ἁγίοις σου 1 to your saints Here **saints** refers to Christians. Alternate translation: “the people in Jerusalem who believe in you”
|
||||
ACT 9 14 ptd6 figs-explicit ἔχει ἐξουσίαν…δῆσαι πάντας 1 he has authority…to bind all It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 14 t3fl figs-metonymy τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομά σου 1 who call upon your name Here **your name** refers to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 15 jmt7 figs-metonymy σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς ἐστίν μοι οὗτος 1 this one is a chosen instrument of mine Here **chosen instrument** refers to something that is set apart for service. Alternate translation: “I have chosen him to serve me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 15 z5fj figs-metonymy τοῦ βαστάσαι τὸ ὄνομά μου 1 who will carry my name This is an expression for identifying or speaking out for Jesus. Alternate translation: “in order that he might speak about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 16 kty3 figs-metonymy ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματός μου 1 for my name This is an expression meaning “for telling people about me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 17 q61x figs-you 0 General Information: The word “you” here is singular and refers to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 9 17 j2pf 0 Connecting Statement: Ananias goes to the house where Saul is staying. After Saul is healed, the story shifts from Ananias back to Saul.
|
||||
ACT 9 17 s8ms ἀπῆλθεν δὲ Ἁνανίας καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν 1 So Ananias departed, and entered into the house It may be helpful to state that Ananias went to the house before he entered into it. Alternate translation: “So Ananias went, and after he found the house where Saul was, he entered it”
|
||||
ACT 9 17 my6m translate-symaction ἐπιθεὶς ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας 1 Laying his hands on him Ananias put his hands on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 9 17 a89q figs-activepassive ὅπως ἀναβλέψῃς καὶ πλησθῇς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1 so that you might receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “has sent me so that you might see again and that the Holy Spirit might fill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 17 s8ms ἀπῆλθεν δὲ Ἁνανίας καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν 1 And Ananias departed, and entered into the house It may be helpful to state that Ananias went to the house before he entered into it. Alternate translation: “So Ananias went, and after he found the house where Saul was, he entered it”
|
||||
ACT 9 17 my6m translate-symaction ἐπιθεὶς ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας 1 having laid his hands on him Ananias **laid his hands** on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 9 17 a89q figs-activepassive ὅπως ἀναβλέψῃς καὶ πλησθῇς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου 1 so that you might see again and be filled with the Holy Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “has sent me so that you might see again and that the Holy Spirit might fill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 18 m1hx ἀπέπεσαν…ὡς λεπίδες 1 something like scales fell “something that appeared like fish scales fell”
|
||||
ACT 9 18 g2ea ἀνέβλεψέν 1 he received his sight “he was able to see again”
|
||||
ACT 9 18 efs9 figs-activepassive ἀναστὰς ἐβαπτίσθη 1 he arose and was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he got up and Ananias baptized him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 18 efs9 figs-activepassive ἀναστὰς ἐβαπτίσθη 1 rising up, he was baptized This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he got up and Ananias baptized him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 20 rc49 0 General Information: Here only the second “he” refers to Jesus, the Son of God. The first “he” and the other ones refer to Saul.
|
||||
ACT 9 20 w65r guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
|
||||
ACT 9 21 xid8 figs-hyperbole πάντες οἱ ἀκούοντες 1 All who heard him The word “All” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “Those who heard him” or “Many who heard him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 21 f4fd figs-rquestion οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πορθήσας ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1 Is not this the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name? This is a rhetorical and negative question that emphasizes that Saul was indeed the man who had persecuted the believers. Alternate translation: “This is the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name Jesus!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 9 21 ctg3 figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1 this name Here “name” refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “the name of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 22 r1np συνέχυννεν τοὺς Ἰουδαίους 1 causing distress among the Jews They were distressed in the sense that they could not find a way to refute Saul’s arguments that Jesus was the Christ.
|
||||
ACT 9 21 xid8 figs-hyperbole πάντες οἱ ἀκούοντες 1 all who were hearing The word **all**is a generalization. Alternate translation: “those who heard him” or “many who heard him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 21 f4fd figs-rquestion οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πορθήσας ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1 Is not this the one who destroyed those in Jerusalem who call on this name? This is a rhetorical and negative question that emphasizes that Saul was indeed the man who had persecuted the believers. Alternate translation: “This is the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name Jesus!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ACT 9 21 ctg3 figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα τοῦτο 1 this name Here **name** refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “the name of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 22 r1np συνέχυννεν τοὺς Ἰουδαίους 1 was stirring up the Jews They were distressed in the sense that they could not find a way to refute Saul’s arguments that Jesus was the Christ.
|
||||
ACT 9 23 g6gw 0 General Information: The word “him” in this section refers to Saul.
|
||||
ACT 9 23 g74c figs-synecdoche οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι 1 the Jews This refers to the leaders of the Jews. Alternate translation: “the Jewish leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 9 24 lv62 figs-activepassive ἐγνώσθη δὲ τῷ Σαύλῳ ἡ ἐπιβουλὴ αὐτῶν 1 But their plan became known to Saul This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But someone told their plan to Saul” or “But Saul learned about their plan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 24 cy9n παρετηροῦντο…καὶ τὰς πύλας 1 They watched the gates This city had a wall surrounding it. People could normally only enter and exit the city through the gates.
|
||||
ACT 9 24 cy9n παρετηροῦντο…καὶ τὰς πύλας 1 indeed they were watching the gates This city had a wall surrounding it. People could normally only enter and exit the city through the gates.
|
||||
ACT 9 25 lc8m οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ 1 his disciples people who believed Saul’s message about Jesus and were following his teaching
|
||||
ACT 9 25 u8g8 διὰ τοῦ τείχους, καθῆκαν αὐτὸν, χαλάσαντες ἐν σπυρίδι 1 let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket “used ropes to lower him in a large basket through an opening in the wall”
|
||||
ACT 9 26 j1el 0 General Information: Here the words “he” and “him” refer to Saul all but one time. “And ‘he’ told them how” in verse 27 refers to Barnabas.
|
||||
ACT 9 26 e38m figs-hyperbole καὶ πάντες ἐφοβοῦντο αὐτόν 1 but they were all afraid of him Here “they were all” is a generalization, but it is possible that it refers to every person. Alternate translation: “but they were afraid of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 27 abca διηγήσατο αὐτοῖς 1 he told them “Barnabas told the apostles”
|
||||
ACT 9 26 e38m figs-hyperbole καὶ πάντες ἐφοβοῦντο αὐτόν 1 but they were all afraid of him Here **they were all** is a generalization, but it is possible that it refers to every person. Alternate translation: “but they were afraid of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 27 abca διηγήσατο αὐτοῖς 1 told them “Barnabas told the apostles”
|
||||
ACT 9 27 abcb εἶδεν 1 he had seen “Saul had seen”
|
||||
ACT 9 27 abcc ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ 1 he had spoken to him “the Lord had spoken to Saul”
|
||||
ACT 9 27 n9f1 figs-metonymy ἐπαρρησιάσατο ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus This is a way of saying he preached or taught the gospel message of Jesus Christ without fear. Alternate translation: “had openly preached the message about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 28 m5rs ἦν μετ’ αὐτῶν 1 He met with them Here the word “He” refers to Paul. The word “them” probably refers to the apostles and other disciples in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 28 fbb7 figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου 1 in the name of the Lord Jesus Possible meanings are (1) this simply refers to the Lord Jesus and tells who Paul spoke about. Alternate translation: “about the Lord Jesus” or (2) “name” is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “under the authority of the Lord Jesus” or “with the authority that the Lord Jesus gave him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 29 d7lm συνεζήτει πρὸς τοὺς Ἑλληνιστάς 1 debated with the Grecian Jews Saul tried to reason with the Jews who spoke Greek.
|
||||
ACT 9 30 uz9a οἱ ἀδελφοὶ 1 the brothers The words “the brothers” refers to the believers in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 30 j4mt κατήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς Καισάρειαν 1 brought him down to Caesarea The phrase “brought him down” is used here because Caesarea is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 27 n9f1 figs-metonymy ἐπαρρησιάσατο ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 he had spoken boldly in the name of Jesus This is a way of saying he preached or taught the gospel message of Jesus Christ without fear. Alternate translation: “had openly preached the message about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 28 m5rs ἦν μετ’ αὐτῶν 1 he was with them Here the word **he** refers to Paul. The word **them** probably refers to the apostles and other disciples in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 28 fbb7 figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου 1 in the name of the Lord Possible meanings are (1) this simply refers to the Lord Jesus and tells who Paul spoke about. Alternate translation: “about the Lord Jesus” or (2) **name** is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “under the authority of the Lord Jesus” or “with the authority that the Lord Jesus gave him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 9 29 d7lm συνεζήτει πρὸς τοὺς Ἑλληνιστάς 1 debated with the Hellenists Saul tried to reason with the Jews who spoke Greek.
|
||||
ACT 9 30 uz9a οἱ ἀδελφοὶ 1 the brothers The words **the brothers** refers to the believers in Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 30 j4mt κατήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς Καισάρειαν 1 they brought him down to Caesarea The phrase **brought him down** is used here because Caesarea is lower in elevation than Jerusalem.
|
||||
ACT 9 30 aqn6 figs-explicit ἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὸν εἰς Ταρσόν 1 sent him away to Tarsus Caesarea was a seaport. They brothers probably sent Saul to Tarsus by ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 31 vk8y 0 General Information: Verse 31 is a statement that gives an update on the church’s growth.
|
||||
ACT 9 31 n7c5 0 Connecting Statement: In verse 32, the story shifts from Saul to a new part of the story about Peter.
|
||||
ACT 9 31 s4bn ἡ…ἐκκλησία καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ Γαλιλαίας, καὶ Σαμαρείας 1 the church throughout all Judea, Galilee, and Samaria This is the first use of the singular “church” to refer to more than one local congregation. Here it refers to all the believers in all the groups throughout Israel.
|
||||
ACT 9 31 s4bn ἡ…ἐκκλησία καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ Γαλιλαίας, καὶ Σαμαρείας 1 the church throughout all Judea and Galilee and Samaria This is the first use of the singular **church** to refer to more than one local congregation. Here it refers to all the believers in all the groups throughout Israel.
|
||||
ACT 9 31 fh2g εἶχεν εἰρήνην 1 had peace “lived peacefully.” This means the persecution that started with the murder of Stephen was finished.
|
||||
ACT 9 31 elq7 figs-activepassive οἰκοδομουμένη 1 was built up The agent was either God or the Holy Spirit. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God helped them grow” or “the Holy Spirit built them up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 31 j8c9 figs-metaphor πορευομένη τῷ φόβῳ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 walking in the fear of the Lord “Walking” here is a metaphor for “living.” Alternate translation: “living in obedience to the Lord” or “continuing to honor the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 9 31 elq7 figs-activepassive οἰκοδομουμένη καὶ πορευομένη 1 being built up and going on The agent was either God or the Holy Spirit. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God helped them grow and to go on” or “the Holy Spirit built them up and they continued on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 31 j8c9 figs-metaphor πορευομένη τῷ φόβῳ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 walking in the fear of the Lord Traveling is here a metaphor for “living.” Alternate translation: “living in obedience to the Lord” or “continuing to honor the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 9 31 hl24 τῇ παρακλήσει τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1 in the comfort of the Holy Spirit “with the Holy Spirit strengthening and encouraging them”
|
||||
ACT 9 32 w68g writing-newevent ἐγένετο δὲ 1 Now it came about This phrase is used to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 32 w68g writing-newevent ἐγένετο δὲ 1 Now it happened that This phrase is used to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 32 m9sg figs-hyperbole διὰ πάντων 1 throughout the whole region This is an generalization for Peter’s visiting the believers in many places in the region of Judea, Galilee, and Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 32 ad7g κατελθεῖν 1 he came down The phrase “came down” is used here because Lydda is lower in elevation than the other places where he was traveling.
|
||||
ACT 9 32 g5c4 Λύδδα 1 Lydda Lydda is a city located about 18 kilometers southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the Old Testament and in modern Israel.
|
||||
ACT 9 33 hzd7 εὗρεν…ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπόν τινα 1 There he found a certain man Peter was not intentionally searching for a paralyzed person, but happened upon him. Alternate translation: “There Peter met a man”
|
||||
ACT 9 32 ad7g κατελθεῖν 1 to come down The phrase **come down** is used here because Lydda is lower in elevation than the other places where he was traveling.
|
||||
ACT 9 32 g5c4 Λύδδα 1 in Lydda Lydda is a city located about 18 kilometers southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the Old Testament and in modern Israel.
|
||||
ACT 9 33 hzd7 εὗρεν…ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπόν τινα 1 he found there a certain man Peter was not intentionally searching for a paralyzed person, but happened upon him. Alternate translation: “There Peter met a man”
|
||||
ACT 9 33 jnc4 writing-participants ἄνθρωπόν τινα ὀνόματι Αἰνέαν 1 a certain man named Aeneas This introduces Aeneas as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 9 33 uj5f writing-background κατακείμενον ἐπὶ κραβάττου, ὃς ἦν παραλελυμένος 1 who had been in his bed…was paralyzed This is background information about Aeneas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 9 33 uj5f writing-background κατακείμενον ἐπὶ κραβάττου, ὃς ἦν παραλελυμένος 1 lying in a bed…who was paralyzed This is background information about Aeneas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 9 33 k7hw παραλελυμένος 1 paralyzed unable to walk, probably unable to move below the waist
|
||||
ACT 9 34 ff2a στρῶσον σεαυτῷ 1 make your bed “roll up your mat”
|
||||
ACT 9 35 z3fp figs-hyperbole πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες Λύδδα καὶ τὸν Σαρῶνα 1 everyone who lived in Lydda and in Sharon This is a generalization referring to many of the people there. Alternate translation: “those who lived in Lydda and in Sharon” or “many people who lived in Lydda and Sharon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 35 z3fp figs-hyperbole πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες Λύδδα καὶ τὸν Σαρῶνα 1 all who were living in Lydda and in Sharon This is a generalization referring to many of the people there. Alternate translation: “those who lived in Lydda and in Sharon” or “many people who lived in Lydda and Sharon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 9 35 qkv4 Λύδδα καὶ τὸν Σαρῶνα 1 in Lydda and in Sharon The city of Lydda was located in the Plain of Sharon.
|
||||
ACT 9 35 pf23 εἶδαν αὐτὸν 1 saw him It may be helpful to state that they saw that the man was healed. Alternate translation: “saw the man whom Peter had healed”
|
||||
ACT 9 35 x9yw figs-metaphor οἵτινες ἐπέστρεψαν ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1 and they turned to the Lord Here “turned to the Lord” is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: “and they repented of their sins and started obeying the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 9 35 x9yw figs-metaphor οἵτινες ἐπέστρεψαν ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1 and they turned to the Lord Here **turned to the Lord** is a metaphor for starting to obey the Lord. Alternate translation: “and they repented of their sins and started obeying the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 9 36 gy8u writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information about the woman named Tabitha. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 9 36 du3s 0 Connecting Statement: Luke continues the story with a new event about Peter.
|
||||
ACT 9 36 zgq5 writing-newevent δέ…ἦν 1 Now there was This introduces a new part in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 36 gwr4 translate-names Ταβειθά, ἣ διερμηνευομένη λέγεται, Δορκάς 1 Tabitha, which is translated as “Dorcas.” Tabitha is her name in the Aramaic language, and Dorcas is her name in the Greek language. Both names mean “gazelle.” Alternate translation: “Her name in the Greek language was Dorcas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 9 36 gwr4 translate-names Ταβειθά, ἣ διερμηνευομένη λέγεται, Δορκάς 1 Tabitha, which is translated to say “Dorcas.” **Tabitha** is her name in the Aramaic language, and **Dorcas** is her name in the Greek language. Both names mean “gazelle.” Alternate translation: “Tabitha, which was Dorcas in the Greek language” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
ACT 9 36 q2rn πλήρης ἔργων ἀγαθῶν 1 full of good works “doing many good things”
|
||||
ACT 9 37 mg72 figs-explicit ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις 1 It came about in those days This refers to the time when Peter was in Joppa. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “It came about while Peter was nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 37 y8sx λούσαντες…αὐτὴν 1 washed her This was washing to prepare for her burial.
|
||||
ACT 9 37 mg72 figs-explicit ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις 1 And it happened that in those days This refers to the time when Peter was in Joppa. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “And it came about while Peter was nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 9 37 y8sx λούσαντες…αὐτὴν 1 having washed her This was washing to prepare for her burial.
|
||||
ACT 9 37 znj4 ἔθηκαν ἐν ὑπερῴῳ 1 they laid her in an upper room This was a temporary display of the body during the funeral process.
|
||||
ACT 9 38 uhz5 ἀπέστειλαν δύο ἄνδρας πρὸς αὐτὸν 1 they sent two men to him “the disciples sent two men to Peter”
|
||||
ACT 9 39 k1se εἰς τὸ ὑπερῷον 1 to the upper room “to the upstairs room where Dorcas’ body was lying”
|
||||
ACT 9 39 me79 πᾶσαι αἱ χῆραι 1 all the widows It is possible that all the widows of the town were there since it was not a large town.
|
||||
ACT 9 39 piu7 χῆραι 1 widows women whose husbands had died and therefore needed help
|
||||
ACT 9 39 y6q5 μετ’ αὐτῶν οὖσα 1 while she had been with them “while she was still alive with the disciples”
|
||||
ACT 9 39 y6q5 μετ’ αὐτῶν οὖσα 1 while being with them “while she was still alive with the disciples”
|
||||
ACT 9 40 ek9c writing-endofstory 0 The story of Tabitha ends in verse 42. Verse 43 tells us what happens to Peter after the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
|
||||
ACT 9 40 yp2u ἐκβαλὼν…ἔξω πάντας 1 put them all out of the room “told them all to leave the room.” Peter had everyone leave so he could be alone to pray for Tabitha.
|
||||
ACT 9 41 r7n6 δοὺς…αὐτῇ χεῖρα, ἀνέστησεν αὐτήν 1 gave her his hand and lifted her up Peter took hold of her hand and helped her stand up.
|
||||
ACT 9 41 b73s τοὺς ἁγίους καὶ τὰς χήρας 1 the believers and the widows The widows were possibly also believers but are mentioned specifically because Tabitha was so important to them.
|
||||
ACT 9 42 nda9 figs-activepassive γνωστὸν δὲ ἐγένετο καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰόππης 1 This matter became known throughout all Joppa This refers to the miracle of Peter’s raising Tabitha from the dead. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People throughout all Joppa heard about this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 40 yp2u ἐκβαλὼν…ἔξω πάντας 1 put out all of them “told them all to leave the room.” Peter had everyone leave so he could be alone to pray for Tabitha.
|
||||
ACT 9 41 r7n6 δοὺς…αὐτῇ χεῖρα, ἀνέστησεν αὐτήν 1 having given his hand to her, he raised her up Peter took hold of her hand and helped her stand up.
|
||||
ACT 9 41 b73s τοὺς ἁγίους καὶ τὰς χήρας 1 the saints and the widows The widows were possibly also believers but are mentioned specifically because Tabitha was so important to them.
|
||||
ACT 9 42 nda9 figs-activepassive γνωστὸν δὲ ἐγένετο καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰόππης 1 And this became known throughout all Joppa This refers to the miracle of Peter’s raising Tabitha from the dead. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People throughout all Joppa heard about this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 9 42 fyz4 ἐπίστευσαν…ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον 1 believed on the Lord “believed in the gospel of the Lord Jesus”
|
||||
ACT 9 43 k9ik writing-newevent ἐγένετο 1 It happened that “It came about that.” This introduces the beginning of the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 43 k9ik writing-newevent ἐγένετο 1 Now it happened that This introduces the beginning of the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
ACT 9 43 qar2 Σίμωνι, βυρσεῖ 1 Simon, a tanner “a man named Simon who made leather from animal skins”
|
||||
ACT 10 intro ym7z 0 # Acts 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Unclean<br><br>The Jews believed that they could become unclean in God’s sight if they visited or ate food with a Gentile. This was because the Pharisees had made a law against it because they wanted to keep people from eating foods that the law of Moses said were unclean. The law of Moses did say that some foods were unclean, but it did not say that God’s people could not visit or eat with Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Baptism and the Holy Spirit<br><br>The Holy Spirit “fell on” those who were listening to Peter. This showed the Jewish believers that Gentiles could receive the word of God and receive the Holy Spirit just as the Jewish believers had. After that, the Gentiles were baptized.
|
||||
ACT 10 1 m1vx writing-background 0 General Information: These verses give background information about Cornelius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
ACT 10 1 nfy5 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of the part of the story about Cornelius.
|
||||
ACT 10 1 wtb9 writing-participants ἀνὴρ δέ τις 1 Now there was a certain man This was a way of introducing a new person to this part of the historical account. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
ACT 10 1 x476 ὀνόματι Κορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἐκ Σπείρης τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς 1 named Cornelius, a centurion of the regiment that was called ‘Italian.’ “his name was Cornelius. He was an officer in charge of 100 soldiers from the Italian section of the Roman army.
|
||||
ACT 10 1 x476 ὀνόματι Κορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἐκ Σπείρης τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς 1 named Cornelius, a centurion from the regiment that was called ‘Italian.’ “whose name was Cornelius. He was an officer in charge of 100 soldiers from the Italian section of the Roman army.
|
||||
ACT 10 1 abcd Σπείρης τῆς καλουμένης Ἰταλικῆς 1 the regiment that was called ‘Italian.’ “the Italian Regiment”
|
||||
ACT 10 2 s6rh εὐσεβὴς καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 He was a devout man, one who worshiped God “He believed in God and sought to honor and worship God in his life”
|
||||
ACT 10 2 n8i3 φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 worshiped God The word for “worshiped” here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 2 s6rh εὐσεβὴς καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 devout and fearing God “believing in God and seeking to honor and worship God in his life”
|
||||
ACT 10 2 n8i3 φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 fearing God The word **fearing** here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 2 abce τῷ λαῷ 1 to the people This here refers to Jewish people who were in need.
|
||||
ACT 10 2 w2kx figs-hyperbole δεόμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ παντός 1 he constantly prayed to God The word “constantly” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “he prayed to God a lot” or “he prayed to God regularly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 2 w2kx figs-hyperbole δεόμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ παντός 1 praying to God through all The phrase **through all** is a generalization. Alternate translation: “he prayed to God a lot” or “he prayed to God regularly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 3 up3j ὥραν ἐνάτην 1 the ninth hour “three o’clock in the afternoon.” This is the normal afternoon prayer time for Jews.
|
||||
ACT 10 3 g3lv εἶδεν…φανερῶς 1 he clearly saw “Cornelius clearly saw”
|
||||
ACT 10 4 abcf ὁ δὲ, ἀτενίσας αὐτῷ 1 But he stared at him Cornelius looked intently at the angel.
|
||||
ACT 10 4 abcg εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ 1 Then he said to him “Then the angel said to Cornelius”
|
||||
ACT 10 4 p5ml figs-explicit αἱ προσευχαί σου, καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου, ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Your prayers and your gifts…a memorial offering into God’s presence It is implied that his gifts and prayers had been accepted by God. Alternate translation: “God is pleased by your prayers and your gifts…a memorial offering to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 4 abcg εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ 1 And he said to him “Then the angel said to Cornelius”
|
||||
ACT 10 4 p5ml figs-explicit αἱ προσευχαί σου, καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου, ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Your prayers and your alms have gone up for a memorial offering before God It is implied that his gifts and prayers had been accepted by God. Alternate translation: “God is pleased by your prayers and your gifts that have gone up to him as a memorial offering to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 6 lt9n βυρσεῖ 1 a tanner a person who makes leather from animal skins
|
||||
ACT 10 7 g6lq ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν αὐτῷ 1 When the angel who spoke to him had left “When Cornelius’ vision of the angel had ended.”
|
||||
ACT 10 7 i3x7 στρατιώτην εὐσεβῆ τῶν προσκαρτερούντων αὐτῷ 1 a devout soldier from among those who served him “one of the soldiers who served him, who also worshiped God.” This soldier worshiped God. That was rare in the Roman army, so Cornelius’ other soldiers probably did not worship God.
|
||||
ACT 10 7 g6lq ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν αὐτῷ 1 And when the angel who spoke to him had left “When Cornelius’ vision of the angel had ended.”
|
||||
ACT 10 7 i3x7 στρατιώτην εὐσεβῆ τῶν προσκαρτερούντων αὐτῷ 1 a devout soldier of those who served him “one of the soldiers who served him, who also worshiped God.” This soldier worshiped God. That was rare in the Roman army, so Cornelius’ other soldiers probably did not worship God.
|
||||
ACT 10 7 yg7g εὐσεβῆ 1 devout An adjective to describe a person who worshiped God and served him.
|
||||
ACT 10 8 pcg2 ἐξηγησάμενος ἅπαντα αὐτοῖς 1 told them all that had happened Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and to one of his soldiers.
|
||||
ACT 10 8 d2p3 ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν Ἰόππην 1 sent them to Joppa “sent two of his two servants and the one soldier to Joppa.”
|
||||
ACT 10 8 pcg2 ἐξηγησάμενος ἅπαντα αὐτοῖς 1 having told them everything Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and to one of his soldiers.
|
||||
ACT 10 8 d2p3 ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν Ἰόππην 1 he sent them to Joppa “he sent two of his two servants and the one soldier to Joppa”
|
||||
ACT 10 9 ey9n 0 General Information: Here the word “they” refers to Cornelius’ two servants and the soldier under Cornelius’ command ([Acts 10:7](../10/07.md)).
|
||||
ACT 10 9 w3g4 0 Connecting Statement: The story shifts away from Cornelius to tell us what God is doing with to Peter.
|
||||
ACT 10 9 tu7n περὶ ὥραν ἕκτην 1 about the sixth hour “around noon”
|
||||
ACT 10 9 r6l8 ἀνέβη…ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα 1 up upon the housetop The roofs of the houses were flat, and people often did many different activities on them.
|
||||
ACT 10 10 slq7 παρασκευαζόντων…αὐτῶν 1 while the people were cooking some food “before the people finished cooking the food”
|
||||
ACT 10 10 im7x figs-activepassive ἐγένετο ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἔκστασις 1 he was given a vision “God gave him a vision” or “he saw a vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 11 n4hi θεωρεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγμένον 1 he saw the sky open This was the beginning of Peter’s vision. It can be a new sentence.
|
||||
ACT 10 11 u9u4 ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην, τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1 something like a large sheet…four corners The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth.
|
||||
ACT 10 11 jh1m τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς καθιέμενον 1 let down by its four corners “with its four corners suspended” or “with its four corners higher than the rest of it”
|
||||
ACT 10 12 ua3j figs-explicit πάντα τὰ τετράποδα, καὶ ἑρπετὰ τῆς γῆς, καὶ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 all kinds of four-footed animals…birds of the sky From Peter’s response in the next verse, it can be implied that the law of Moses commanded the Jews not to eat some of them. Alternate translation: “animals and birds that the Mosaic laws forbade Jews to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 13 a2z4 figs-synecdoche ἐγένετο φωνὴ πρὸς αὐτόν 1 a voice spoke to him The person speaking is not specified. The “voice” was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 10 14 z7r5 μηδαμῶς 1 Not so “I will not do that”
|
||||
ACT 10 14 a2jj figs-explicit οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινὸν καὶ ἀκάθαρτον 1 I have never eaten anything that was defiled and unclean It is implied that some the animals in the container were unclean as defined by the law of Moses and were not to be eaten by believers who lived before Christ died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 9 tu7n περὶ ὥραν ἕκτην 1 at about the sixth hour “at around noon”
|
||||
ACT 10 9 r6l8 ἀνέβη…ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα 1 went up to the housetop The roofs of the houses were flat, and people often did many different activities on them.
|
||||
ACT 10 10 slq7 παρασκευαζόντων…αὐτῶν 1 while they were preparing “before the people finished cooking the food”
|
||||
ACT 10 10 im7x figs-activepassive ἐγένετο ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἔκστασις 1 a vision came upon him “God gave him a vision” or “he saw a vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 11 n4hi θεωρεῖ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνεῳγμένον 1 he sees the sky having been opened This was the beginning of Peter’s vision. It can be a new sentence.
|
||||
ACT 10 11 u9u4 ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην, τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1 like a large sheet…by four corners The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth.
|
||||
ACT 10 11 jh1m τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς καθιέμενον 1 being let down by four corners “suspended by its four corners”
|
||||
ACT 10 12 ua3j figs-explicit πάντα τὰ τετράποδα, καὶ ἑρπετὰ τῆς γῆς, καὶ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 all the four-footed animals and creeping things on the earth, and birds of the sky From Peter’s response in the next verse, it can be implied that the law of Moses commanded the Jews not to eat some of them. Alternate translation: “every kind of animal and reptile and bird that the Mosaic laws forbade Jews to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 13 a2z4 figs-synecdoche ἐγένετο φωνὴ πρὸς αὐτόν 1 a voice came to him The person speaking is not specified. The **voice** was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ACT 10 14 z7r5 μηδαμῶς 1 Not at all “I will not do that”
|
||||
ACT 10 14 a2jj figs-explicit οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινὸν καὶ ἀκάθαρτον 1 I have never eaten anything defiled and unclean It is implied that some the animals in the container were unclean as defined by the law of Moses and were not to be eaten by believers who lived before Christ died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 15 xs5s figs-123person ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν 1 What God has cleansed If God is the speaker, he is referring to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “What I, God, have cleansed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
ACT 10 16 rlr9 τοῦτο…ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1 This happened three times It is not likely that everything Peter saw happened three times. This probably means that the phrase, “What God has cleansed, do not call it defiled,” was repeated three times. However, it may be best to simply say “This happened three times” instead of trying to explain in detail.
|
||||
ACT 10 17 d4zi διηπόρει ὁ Πέτρος 1 Peter was very confused This means that Peter was having difficulty understanding what the vision meant.
|
||||
ACT 10 17 n6da ἰδοὺ 1 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows, in this case, the two men standing at the gate.
|
||||
ACT 10 17 e62m figs-explicit ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὸν πυλῶνα 1 stood before the gate “stood before the gate to the house.” It is implied that this house had a wall with a gate in it to enter the property. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 17 h72m διερωτήσαντες τὴν οἰκίαν 1 after they had asked their way to the house This happened before they arrived at the house. This could be stated earlier in the verse, as the UST does.
|
||||
ACT 10 18 qe9d φωνήσαντες 1 They called out Cornelius’ men remained outside the gate while asking about Peter.
|
||||
ACT 10 19 e8ai διενθυμουμένου περὶ τοῦ ὁράματος 1 thinking about the vision “wondering about the meaning of the vision”
|
||||
ACT 10 16 rlr9 τοῦτο…ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1 this happened three times It is possible that everything Peter saw happened did not happen three times, but that the phrase, “What God has cleansed, do not call it defiled,” was repeated three times. However, it may be best to simply say “This happened three times.”
|
||||
ACT 10 17 d4zi διηπόρει ὁ Πέτρος 1 Peter was very confused…about This means that Peter was having difficulty understanding what the vision meant.
|
||||
ACT 10 17 n6da ἰδοὺ 1 behold The word **behold** here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows, in this case, the two men standing at the gate.
|
||||
ACT 10 17 e62m figs-explicit ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὸν πυλῶνα 1 stood before the gate “stood before the gate to the house.” It is implied that this house had a wall with a **gate** in it to enter the property. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 17 h72m διερωτήσαντες τὴν οἰκίαν 1 having found by inquiry the house This happened before they arrived at the house. This could be stated earlier in the verse, as the UST does.
|
||||
ACT 10 18 qe9d φωνήσαντες 1 they called out Cornelius’ men remained outside the gate while asking about Peter.
|
||||
ACT 10 19 e8ai διενθυμουμένου περὶ τοῦ ὁράματος 1 while…was still thinking about the vision “as…was still wondering about the meaning of the vision”
|
||||
ACT 10 19 d9q8 τὸ Πνεῦμα 1 the Spirit “the Holy Spirit”
|
||||
ACT 10 19 iqx5 ἰδοὺ 1 behold “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: three”
|
||||
ACT 10 19 iqx5 ἰδοὺ 1 Behold “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: three”
|
||||
ACT 10 19 va39 translate-textvariants ἄνδρες τρεῖς ζητοῦσιν σε 1 three men are looking for you Cornelius sent two of his servants and one soldier. Some ancient texts have a different number of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
|
||||
ACT 10 20 ym1x κατάβηθι 1 go down “go down from the roof of the house”
|
||||
ACT 10 20 wx4n πορεύου σὺν αὐτοῖς, μηδὲν διακρινόμενος 1 Do not hesitate to go with them It would be natural for Peter not to want to go with them, because they were strangers and they were Gentiles.
|
||||
ACT 10 20 wx4n πορεύου σὺν αὐτοῖς, μηδὲν διακρινόμενος 1 go with them. Do not hesitate It would be natural for Peter not to want to go with them, because they were strangers and they were Gentiles.
|
||||
ACT 10 21 lj1f ἐγώ εἰμι ὃν ζητεῖτε 1 I am he whom you are seeking “I am the man you are looking for”
|
||||
ACT 10 22 i4zh 0 General Information: The words “They” and “them” here refer to the two servants and the soldier from Cornelius ([Acts 10:7](../10/07.md)).
|
||||
ACT 10 22 baa3 figs-activepassive Κορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἀνὴρ δίκαιος, καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν, μαρτυρούμενός τε ὑπὸ ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἐχρηματίσθη ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου ἁγίου, μεταπέμψασθαί σε εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ῥήματα παρὰ σοῦ 1 A centurion named Cornelius…listen to a message from you This can be divided into several sentences and stated in active form as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 22 wvl1 φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 worships God The word for “worship” here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 22 gv91 figs-hyperbole ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1 all the nation of the Jews This number of people is exaggerated with the word “all” to emphasize how widely this was known among the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 23 jlc7 εἰσκαλεσάμενος οὖν αὐτοὺς ἐξένισεν 1 So Peter invited them to come in and stay with him The journey to Caesarea was too long for them to begin that afternoon.
|
||||
ACT 10 23 shs5 ἐξένισεν 1 stay with him “be his guests”
|
||||
ACT 10 23 t7cz τινες τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἀπὸ Ἰόππης 1 some of the brothers from Joppa This refers to believers who lived in Joppa.
|
||||
ACT 10 24 c3s6 τῇ…ἐπαύριον 1 On the following day This was the next day after they left Joppa. The journey to Caesarea took longer than one day.
|
||||
ACT 10 24 g2up ὁ δὲ Κορνήλιος ἦν προσδοκῶν αὐτοὺς 1 Cornelius was waiting for them “Cornelius expected them”
|
||||
ACT 10 25 wxt8 ὡς…τοῦ εἰσελθεῖν τὸν Πέτρον 1 when Peter entered “when Peter entered the house”
|
||||
ACT 10 25 b4pn translate-symaction πεσὼν ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας, προσεκύνησεν 1 fell down at his feet to worship him “he knelt down and put his face close to Peter’s feet.” He did this to honor Peter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 10 25 u2x5 πεσὼν 1 fell down He purposely lies down facing the ground to show that he is worshiping.
|
||||
ACT 10 26 s7n5 ἀνάστηθι, καὶ ἐγὼ…ἄνθρωπός εἰμι 1 Stand up! I too am a man This was a mild rebuke or correction to Cornelius not to worship Peter. Alternate translation: “Stop doing that! I am only a man, as you are”
|
||||
ACT 10 22 baa3 figs-activepassive Κορνήλιος, ἑκατοντάρχης ἀνὴρ δίκαιος, καὶ φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν, μαρτυρούμενός τε ὑπὸ ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἐχρηματίσθη ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου ἁγίου, μεταπέμψασθαί σε εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ῥήματα παρὰ σοῦ 1 Cornelius, a centurion, a man righteous and fearing God, and well-testifed to by the whole nation of the Jews, was instructed by a holy angel to summon you to his house and to hear a word from you This can be divided into several sentences and stated in active form as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 22 wvl1 φοβούμενος τὸν Θεὸν 1 fearing God The word **fearing** here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 22 gv91 figs-hyperbole ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1 the whole nation of the Jews This number of people is exaggerated with the word **whole** to emphasize how widely this was known among the Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 23 jlc7 εἰσκαλεσάμενος οὖν αὐτοὺς ἐξένισεν 1 Therefore, having invited them in, he hosted them The journey to Caesarea was too long for them to begin that afternoon.
|
||||
ACT 10 23 shs5 ἐξένισεν 1 he hosted them “he invited them to be his guests”
|
||||
ACT 10 23 t7cz τινες τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἀπὸ Ἰόππης 1 some of the brothers who were from Joppa This refers to believers who lived in Joppa.
|
||||
ACT 10 24 c3s6 τῇ…ἐπαύριον 1 the following day This was the next day after they left Joppa. The journey to Caesarea took longer than one day.
|
||||
ACT 10 24 g2up ὁ δὲ Κορνήλιος ἦν προσδοκῶν αὐτοὺς 1 And Cornelius was waiting for them “And Cornelius expected them”
|
||||
ACT 10 25 wxt8 ὡς…τοῦ εἰσελθεῖν τὸν Πέτρον 1 as Peter entered “when Peter entered the house”
|
||||
ACT 10 25 b4pn translate-symaction πεσὼν ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας 1 and falling down at his feet “and kneeling down and putting his face close to Peter’s feet.” He did this to honor Peter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
ACT 10 25 u2x5 πεσὼν 1 and falling down He purposely lies down facing the ground to show that he is worshiping.
|
||||
ACT 10 26 s7n5 ἀνάστηθι, καὶ ἐγὼ αὐτὸς ἄνθρωπός εἰμι 1 Get up! I too am a man myself This was a mild rebuke or correction to Cornelius not to worship Peter. Alternate translation: “Stop doing that! I am only a man, as you are”
|
||||
ACT 10 27 f9x6 figs-you 0 General Information: The word “him” here refers to Cornelius. Here the words “You” and “you” are plural and include Cornelius as well as the Gentiles who were present. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
ACT 10 27 bg7b 0 Connecting Statement: Peter addresses the people who are gathered in Cornelius’ house.
|
||||
ACT 10 27 twp9 figs-explicit συνεληλυθότας πολλούς 1 many people gathered together “many Gentile people gathered together.” It is implied that these people Cornelius had invited were Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ACT 10 28 g7j7 ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε 1 You yourselves know Peter is addressing Cornelius and his invited guests.
|
||||
ACT 10 28 iyx6 ἀθέμιτόν ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ Ἰουδαίῳ 1 it is not lawful for a Jewish man “it is forbidden for a Jewish man.” This refers to the Jewish religious law.
|
||||
ACT 10 28 k3we ἀλλοφύλῳ 1 someone from another nation This refers to people who were not Jews and not specifically to where they lived.
|
||||
ACT 10 28 iyx6 ὡς ἀθέμιτόν ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ Ἰουδαίῳ 1 how unlawful it is for a Jewish man “that it is forbidden for a Jewish man.” This refers to the Jewish religious law.
|
||||
ACT 10 28 k3we ἀλλοφύλῳ 1 a foreigner This refers to people who were not Jews and not specifically to where they lived.
|
||||
ACT 10 30 krz8 figs-you 0 General Information: In verses 31 and 32 Cornelius quotes what the angel had said to him when he appeared to him at the ninth hour. The words “you” and “your” are all singular. The word “we” here does not include Peter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 30 n5fs 0 Connecting Statement: Cornelius responds to Peter’s question.
|
||||
ACT 10 30 na4u ἀπὸ τετάρτης ἡμέρας 1 Four days ago Cornelius is referring to the day before the third night before he is speaking to Peter. Biblical culture counts the current day, so the day before three nights ago is “four days ago.” Current Western culture does not count the current day, so many Western translations read, “three days ago.”
|
||||
ACT 10 30 mqv8 translate-textvariants προσευχόμενος 1 praying Some ancient authorities say “fasting and praying” instead of simply “praying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
|
||||
ACT 10 30 yy6e τὴν ἐνάτην 1 at the ninth hour The normal afternoon time that the Jews pray to God.
|
||||
ACT 10 31 heh3 figs-activepassive εἰσηκούσθη σου ἡ προσευχὴ 1 your prayer has been heard by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has heard your prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 31 s6nz ἐμνήσθησαν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 reminded God about you “brought you to God’s attention.” This does not imply that God had forgotten.
|
||||
ACT 10 32 ci31 μετακάλεσαι Σίμωνα, ὃς ἐπικαλεῖται Πέτρος 1 call to you a man named Simon who is called Peter “tell Simon who is also called Peter to come to you”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 p5ee ἐξαυτῆς 1 at once “right away”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 ruf3 σύ τε καλῶς ἐποίησας παραγενόμενος 1 You are kind to have come This expression is a polite way of thanking Peter for coming. Alternate translation: “I certainly thank you for coming”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 ry21 ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 in the sight of God This refers to the presence of God.
|
||||
ACT 10 33 xt4x figs-activepassive τὰ προστεταγμένα σοι ὑπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 that you have been instructed by the Lord to say This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the Lord has told you to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 30 na4u ἀπὸ τετάρτης ἡμέρας 1 Four days ago Cornelius is referring to the day before the third night before he is speaking to Peter. Biblical culture counts the current day, so the day before three nights ago is **four days ago**. Current Western culture does not count the current day, so many Western translations read, “three days ago.”
|
||||
ACT 10 30 mqv8 translate-textvariants προσευχόμενος 1 praying Some ancient authorities say “fasting and praying” instead of simply **praying**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
|
||||
ACT 10 30 yy6e τὴν ἐνάτην 1 at the ninth hour The normal afternoon time when the Jews pray to God.
|
||||
ACT 10 31 heh3 figs-activepassive εἰσηκούσθη σου ἡ προσευχὴ 1 your prayer has been heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has heard your prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 31 s6nz ἐμνήσθησαν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 have been remembered before God “brought you to God’s attention.” This does not imply that God had forgotten.
|
||||
ACT 10 32 ci31 μετακάλεσαι Σίμωνα, ὃς ἐπικαλεῖται Πέτρος 1 summon Simon who is called Peter “tell Simon who is also called Peter to come to you”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 p5ee ἐξαυτῆς 1 immediately “right away”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 ruf3 σύ τε καλῶς ἐποίησας παραγενόμενος 1 and you did well in coming This expression is a polite way of thanking Peter for coming. Alternate translation: “and I certainly thank you for coming”
|
||||
ACT 10 33 ry21 ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God This refers to the presence of God.
|
||||
ACT 10 33 xt4x figs-activepassive τὰ προστεταγμένα σοι ὑπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου 1 that you have been instructed by the Lord This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the Lord has told you to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 34 ku8u 0 Connecting Statement: Peter begins speaking to everyone in the house of Cornelius.
|
||||
ACT 10 34 cyn8 ἀνοίξας δὲ Πέτρος τὸ στόμα εἶπεν 1 Then Peter opened his mouth and said “Peter began to speak to them”
|
||||
ACT 10 34 ha31 ἐπ’ ἀληθείας 1 Truly This means that what he is about to say is especially important to know.
|
||||
ACT 10 34 iii7 οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολήμπτης ὁ Θεός 1 God does not take anyone’s side “God does not favor certain people”
|
||||
ACT 10 35 j78e ὁ φοβούμενος αὐτὸν καὶ ἐργαζόμενος δικαιοσύνην, δεκτὸς αὐτῷ ἐστιν 1 anyone who worships and does righteous deeds is acceptable to him “he accepts anyone who worships him and does righteous deeds”
|
||||
ACT 10 35 b5cr φοβούμενος 1 worships The word “worships” here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 34 cyn8 ἀνοίξας δὲ Πέτρος τὸ στόμα εἶπεν 1 And Peter opened his mouth and said “And Peter began to speak to them”
|
||||
ACT 10 34 ha31 ἐπ’ ἀληθείας 1 In truth This means that what he is about to say is especially important to know.
|
||||
ACT 10 34 iii7 οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολήμπτης ὁ Θεός 1 God is not one who shows partiality “God does not favor certain people”
|
||||
ACT 10 35 j78e ὁ φοβούμενος αὐτὸν καὶ ἐργαζόμενος δικαιοσύνην, δεκτὸς αὐτῷ ἐστιν 1 the one who fears him and works righteous deeds is acceptable to him “he accepts anyone who worships him and does righteous deeds”
|
||||
ACT 10 35 b5cr φοβούμενος 1 fears The word **fears** here has the sense of deep respect and awe.
|
||||
ACT 10 36 bjk7 0 General Information: The word “him” here refers to Jesus.
|
||||
ACT 10 36 sv4s 0 Connecting Statement: Peter continues to talk to Cornelius and his guests.
|
||||
ACT 10 36 md1l οὗτός ἐστιν πάντων Κύριος 1 who is Lord of all Here “all” means “all people.”
|
||||
ACT 10 37 ch65 figs-hyperbole καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας 1 throughout all Judea The word “all” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “throughout Judea” or “in many places in Judea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 37 sq2i μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα ὃ ἐκήρυξεν Ἰωάννης 1 after the baptism that John announced “after John preached to the people to repent and then baptized them”
|
||||
ACT 10 38 jtr3 Ἰησοῦν τὸν ἀπὸ Ναζαρέθ, ὡς ἔχρισεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει 1 the events…and with power This long sentence, which begins in verse 36, can be shortened into several sentences as in the UST. “You know…of all. You yourselves know…announced. You know the events…with power”
|
||||
ACT 10 36 md1l οὗτός ἐστιν πάντων Κύριος 1 he is Lord of all Here **all** means “all people.”
|
||||
ACT 10 37 ch65 figs-hyperbole καθ’ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας 1 throughout all Judea The word **all** is a generalization. Alternate translation: “throughout Judea” or “in many places in Judea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 37 sq2i μετὰ τὸ βάπτισμα ὃ ἐκήρυξεν Ἰωάννης 1 after the baptism that John proclaimed “after John preached to the people to repent and then baptized them”
|
||||
ACT 10 38 jtr3 Ἰησοῦν τὸν ἀπὸ Ναζαρέθ, ὡς ἔχρισεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει; ὃς διῆλθεν εὐεργετῶν καὶ ἰώμενος πάντας τοὺς καταδυναστευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου, ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus who is from Nazareth, how God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power, who went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him This long sentence, which begins in verse 36, can be shortened into several sentences as in the UST.
|
||||
ACT 10 38 ku82 figs-metaphor ἔχρισεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει 1 God anointed him with the Holy Spirit and with power The Holy Spirit and God’s power are spoken of as if they are something that can be poured out onto a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ACT 10 38 y5ya figs-hyperbole πάντας τοὺς καταδυναστευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου 1 all who were oppressed by the devil The word “all” is a generalization. Alternate translation: “those who were oppressed by the devil” or “many people who were oppressed by the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 38 tj3u figs-idiom ὁ Θεὸς ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 God was with him The idiom “was with him” means “was helping him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 10 38 y5ya figs-hyperbole πάντας τοὺς καταδυναστευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου 1 all who were oppressed by the devil The word **all** is a generalization. Alternate translation: “those who were oppressed by the devil” or “many people who were oppressed by the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ACT 10 38 tj3u figs-idiom ὁ Θεὸς ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 God was with him The idiom **was with him** means “was helping him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 10 39 kal7 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: The words “We” and “we” here refer to Peter and the apostles and believers who were with Jesus when he was on earth. The words “he” and “him” here refer to Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 39 sx3a ἔν…τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 1 in the country of the Jews This refers mainly to Judea at that time.
|
||||
ACT 10 39 z4dt κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 hanging him on a tree This is another expression that refers to crucifixion. Alternate translation: “nailing him to a wooden cross”
|
||||
ACT 10 40 cxj5 figs-idiom τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν 1 God raised him up Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “God caused him to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 10 40 w8kv τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 the third day “the third day after he died”
|
||||
ACT 10 39 z4dt κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 by hanging him on a tree This is another expression that refers to crucifixion. Alternate translation: “by nailing him to a wooden cross”
|
||||
ACT 10 40 cxj5 figs-idiom τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν 1 but God raised up this one Here **raised up** is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: “but God caused him to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ACT 10 40 w8kv τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 on the third day “on the third day after he died”
|
||||
ACT 10 40 iz8l ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι 1 caused him to be seen “permitted many people to see him after he was raised from the dead”
|
||||
ACT 10 41 q7d1 ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld.
|
||||
ACT 10 42 ik96 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here the word “us” includes Peter and believers. It excludes his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 42 zne5 0 Connecting Statement: Peter finishes his speech to everyone in the house of Cornelius, which he began in [Acts 10:34](../10/34.md).
|
||||
ACT 10 42 c1ak figs-activepassive ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ὡρισμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 that this is the one who has been chosen by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God chose this Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 42 ws4t figs-nominaladj ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν 1 the living and the dead This refers to people who are still living and people who have died. Alternate translation: “the people who are alive and the people who are dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
ACT 10 43 ub5d τούτῳ πάντες οἱ προφῆται μαρτυροῦσιν 1 It is to him that all the prophets bear witness “All the prophets bear witness to Jesus”
|
||||
ACT 10 43 vq6l figs-activepassive ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν λαβεῖν…πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτὸν 1 everyone who believes in him shall receive forgiveness of sins This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will forgive the sins of everyone who believes in Jesus because of what Jesus has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ACT 10 43 y6d1 figs-metonymy διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 1 through his name Here “his name” refers to the actions of Jesus. His name means God who saves. Alternate translation: “through what Jesus has done for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ACT 10 44 cz7x ἐπέπεσε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον 1 the Holy Spirit fell Here the word “fell” means “happened suddenly.” Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit suddenly came”
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ACT 10 44 wf7u πάντας τοὺς ἀκούοντας 1 all of those who were listening Here “all” refers to all the Gentiles at the house who were listening to Peter.
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ACT 10 42 c1ak figs-activepassive ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ὡρισμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 that he is the one who has been chosen by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God chose this Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 42 ws4t figs-nominaladj ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν 1 of the living and the dead This refers to people who are still living and people who have died. Alternate translation: “of the people who are alive and the people who are dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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ACT 10 43 ub5d τούτῳ πάντες οἱ προφῆται μαρτυροῦσιν 1 To this one, all the prophets bear witness that “All the prophets bear witness to Jesus that”
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ACT 10 43 vq6l figs-activepassive ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν λαβεῖν διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ, πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτὸν 1 everyone who believes in him shall receive forgiveness of sins through his name This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will forgive the sins of everyone who believes in Jesus because of what Jesus has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 43 y6d1 figs-metonymy διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ 1 through his name Here **his name** refers to the actions of Jesus. His name means God who saves. Alternate translation: “through what Jesus has done for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 10 44 cz7x ἐπέπεσε τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον 1 the Holy Spirit fell Here the word **fell** means “happened suddenly.” Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit suddenly came”
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ACT 10 44 wf7u πάντας τοὺς ἀκούοντας 1 all of those who were listening Here **all** refers to all the Gentiles at the house who were listening to Peter.
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ACT 10 45 j6wt ἡ δωρεὰ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος 1 the gift of the Holy Spirit This refers to the Holy Spirit himself who was given to them.
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ACT 10 45 g161 figs-activepassive τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐκκέχυται 1 the Holy Spirit was poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God poured out the Holy Spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 45 mqs8 figs-metaphor ἐκκέχυται 1 poured out The Holy Spirit is spoken of as if he were something that could be poured out upon people. It implies a generous amount. Alternate translation: “generously given” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 10 45 je22 ἡ δωρεὰ 1 the gift “the free gift”
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ACT 10 45 f33n καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη 1 also on the Gentiles Here “also” refers to the fact that the Holy Spirit had already been given to the Jewish believers.
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ACT 10 45 g161 figs-activepassive ἡ δωρεὰ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐκκέχυται 1 the gift of the Holy Spirit was poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God poured out the Holy Spirit as a gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 45 mqs8 figs-metaphor ἐκκέχυται 1 was poured out The Holy Spirit is spoken of as if he were something that could be poured out upon people. It implies a generous amount. Alternate translation: “was generously given” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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ACT 10 45 f33n καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη 1 also on the Gentiles Here **also** refers to the fact that the Holy Spirit had already been given to the Jewish believers.
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ACT 10 46 w58d 0 General Information: The words “he” and “him” refer to Peter.
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ACT 10 46 mpg5 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the part of the story about Cornelius.
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ACT 10 46 p6pa αὐτῶν λαλούντων γλώσσαις, καὶ μεγαλυνόντων τὸν Θεόν 1 Gentiles speak in other languages and praising God These were known spoken languages that caused the Jews to acknowledge that the Gentiles were indeed praising God.
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ACT 10 47 u5d5 figs-rquestion μήτι τὸ ὕδωρ δύναται κωλῦσαί τις τοῦ μὴ βαπτισθῆναι τούτους, οἵτινες τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἔλαβον, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς 1 Can anyone keep water from these people so they should not be baptized, these people who have received…we? Peter uses this question to convince the Jewish Christians that the Gentile believers should be baptized. Alternate translation: “No one should keep water from these people! We should baptize them because they have received…we!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 46 p6pa λαλούντων γλώσσαις, καὶ μεγαλυνόντων τὸν Θεόν 1 speaking with tongues and praising God These were known spoken languages that caused the Jews to acknowledge that the Gentiles were indeed praising God.
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ACT 10 47 u5d5 figs-rquestion μήτι τὸ ὕδωρ δύναται κωλῦσαί τις τοῦ μὴ βαπτισθῆναι τούτους, οἵτινες τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον ἔλαβον, ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς? 1 No one is able to withhold water, is he, that these are not baptized, who have received the Holy Spirit as we also did? Peter uses this question to convince the Jewish Christians that the Gentile believers should be baptized. Alternate translation: “No one should keep water from these people! We should baptize them because they have received the Holy Spirit just as we did!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 48 t2y9 figs-explicit προσέταξεν…αὐτοὺς…βαπτισθῆναι 1 he commanded them to be baptized It is implied that the Jewish Christians were the ones who would baptize them. Alternate translation: “Peter commanded the Gentile believers to allow the Jewish Christians to baptize them” or “Peter commanded the Jewish Christians to baptize them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 10 48 ax6x figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ βαπτισθῆναι 1 be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ Here “in the name of Jesus Christ” expresses that the reason for their baptism was that they believed in Jesus. Alternate translation: “be baptized as believers in Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 10 48 ax6x figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ βαπτισθῆναι 1 be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ Here **in the name of Jesus Christ** expresses that the reason for their baptism was that they believed in Jesus. Alternate translation: “be baptized as believers in Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 intro hva5 0 # Acts 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “The Gentiles also had received the word of God”<br><br>Almost all of the first believers were Jewish. Luke writes in this chapter that many Gentiles started to believe in Jesus. They believed that the message about Jesus was true and so began to “receive the word of God.” Some of the believers in Jerusalem did not believe that Gentiles could truly follow Jesus, so Peter went to them and told them what had happened to him and how he had seen the Gentiles receive the Word of God and receive the Holy Spirit.
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ACT 11 1 uw5m 0 General Information: This is the beginning of a new event in the story.
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ACT 11 1 j7f7 0 Connecting Statement: Peter arrives in Jerusalem and begins talking to the Jews there.
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ACT 11 1 ab75 writing-newevent δὲ 1 Now This marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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ACT 11 1 f1md οἱ…ἀδελφοὶ 1 the brothers The phrase “brothers” here refers to the believers in Judea.
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ACT 11 1 q8wl οἱ ὄντες κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν 1 who were in Judea “who were in the province of Judea”
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ACT 11 1 w3rx figs-metonymy ἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 had received the word of God This expression refers to the fact that the Gentiles believed the gospel message about Jesus. Alternate translation: “believed the message of God about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 2 kb4m ἀνέβη…εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 had come up to Jerusalem Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of coming up to Jerusalem and going down from it.
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ACT 11 2 yar6 figs-metonymy οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς 1 they who belonged to the circumcision group This is a reference to some of the Jews who believed that every believer must be circumcised. Alternate translation: “some Jewish believers in Jerusalem who wanted all followers of Christ to be circumcized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 3 ah7v figs-metonymy ἄνδρας, ἀκροβυστίαν ἔχοντας 1 uncircumcised men The phrase “uncircumcised men” refers to Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 1 f1md οἱ…ἀδελφοὶ 2 the brothers The phrase **the brothers** here refers to the believers in Judea.
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ACT 11 1 q8wl οἱ ὄντες κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν 1 who were throughout Judea “who were throughout the province of Judea”
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ACT 11 1 w3rx figs-metonymy ἐδέξαντο τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 had received the word of God This expression refers to the fact that the Gentiles believed the gospel message about Jesus. Alternate translation: “had believed the message of God about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 2 kb4m ἀνέβη…εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 came up to Jerusalem Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of coming up to Jerusalem and going down from it.
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ACT 11 2 yar6 figs-metonymy οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς 1 those from the circumcision This is a reference to some of the Jews who believed that every believer must be circumcised. Alternate translation: “some Jewish believers in Jerusalem who wanted all followers of Christ to be circumcised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 3 ah7v figs-metonymy ἄνδρας, ἀκροβυστίαν ἔχοντας 1 uncircumcised men The phrase **uncircumcised men** refers to Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 3 t9e1 συνέφαγεν αὐτοῖς 1 ate with them It was against Jewish tradition for Jews to eat with Gentiles.
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ACT 11 4 lrh6 0 Connecting Statement: Peter responds to the Jews by telling them about his vision and about what had happened at Cornelius’ house.
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ACT 11 4 bfp5 ἀρξάμενος…Πέτρος ἐξετίθετο 1 Peter started to explain Peter did not criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner.
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ACT 11 4 nuy6 καθεξῆς 1 in detail “exactly what happened”
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ACT 11 4 bfp5 ἀρξάμενος…Πέτρος ἐξετίθετο 1 Peter began to explain Peter did not criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner.
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ACT 11 4 nuy6 καθεξῆς 1 in an orderly manner “exactly what happened”
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ACT 11 5 j37p ὡς ὀθόνην μεγάλην 1 like a large sheet The container holding the animals had the appearance of a large square piece of cloth. See how you translated this in [Acts 10:11](../10/11.md).
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ACT 11 5 axu6 τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1 by its four corners “with its four corners suspended” or “with its four corners higher than the rest of it.” See how you translated this in [Acts 10:11](../10/11.md).
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ACT 11 6 lbh4 figs-explicit τετράποδα τῆς γῆς 1 four-legged animals of earth From Peter’s response, it can be implied that the law of Moses commanded the Jews not to eat some of them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 10:12](../10/12.md). Alternate translation: “animals and birds that the Mosaic laws forbade Jews to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 11 5 axu6 τέσσαρσιν ἀρχαῖς 1 by its four corners “suspended by its four corners.” See how you translated this in [Acts 10:11](../10/11.md).
|
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ACT 11 6 lbh4 figs-explicit τὰ τετράποδα τῆς γῆς, καὶ τὰ θηρία, καὶ τὰ ἑρπετὰ, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 the four-legged animals of the earth, and the wild beasts, and the creeping animals, and the birds of the sky From Peter’s response, it can be implied that the law of Moses commanded the Jews not to eat some of them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 10:12](../10/12.md). Alternate translation: “many kinds of animals and reptiles and birds that the Mosaic laws forbade Jews to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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ACT 11 6 ew64 θηρία 1 wild beasts This probably refer to the animals people do not or can not tame or control.
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ACT 11 6 t36i ἑρπετὰ 1 creeping animals These are reptiles.
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ACT 11 7 i5ic figs-synecdoche ἤκουσα…φωνῆς 1 I heard a voice The person speaking is not specified. The “voice” was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. See how you translated “a voice” in [Acts 10:13](../10/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 11 8 m4mu μηδαμῶς 1 Not so “I will not do that.” See how you translated this in [Acts 10:14](../10/14.md).
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ACT 11 8 m5p5 figs-metonymy κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον οὐδέποτε εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου 1 nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth Apparently the animals in the sheet were animals which the Jewish law in the Old Testament forbade the Jews to eat. This can be said in a positive way. Alternate translation: “I have eaten only meat from holy and clean animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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ACT 11 8 kj91 ἀκάθαρτον 1 unclean In the Old Testament Jewish law, a person became ritually “unclean” in various ways, such as eating certain forbidden animals.
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ACT 11 9 n2gn figs-metonymy ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν, σὺ μὴ κοίνου 1 What God has declared clean, do not call unclean This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 10 xrq6 τοῦτο…ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1 This happened three times It is not likely that everything was repeated three times. This probably means that “What God has cleansed, do not call it defiled” was repeated three times. However, it may be best to simply say “This happened three times” instead of trying to explain in detail. See how you translated “This happened three times” in [Acts 10:16](../10/16.md).
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ACT 11 7 i5ic figs-synecdoche ἤκουσα…φωνῆς 1 I heard…a voice The person speaking is not specified. The **voice** was probably God, although it could possibly have been an angel from God. See how you translated “a voice” in [Acts 10:13](../10/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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ACT 11 8 m4mu μηδαμῶς 1 By no means “I will not do that.” See how you translated this in [Acts 10:14](../10/14.md).
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ACT 11 8 m5p5 figs-metonymy κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον οὐδέποτε εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ στόμα μου 1 the profane or unclean has never entered into my mouth Apparently the animals in the sheet were animals which the Jewish law in the Old Testament forbade the Jews to eat. This can be said in a positive way. Alternate translation: “I have eaten only meat from holy and clean animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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ACT 11 8 kj91 ἀκάθαρτον 1 unclean In the Old Testament Jewish law, a person became ritually **unclean** in various ways, such as eating certain forbidden animals.
|
||||
ACT 11 9 n2gn figs-metonymy ἃ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν, σὺ μὴ κοίνου 1 What God has cleansed, do not call unclean This refers to the animals in the sheet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 11 10 xrq6 τοῦτο…ἐγένετο ἐπὶ τρίς 1 this happened three times It is possible that everything Peter saw happened did not happen three times, but that the phrase, “What God has cleansed, do not call it defiled,” was repeated three times. However, it may be best to simply say “this happened three times.” See how you translated “This happened three times” in [Acts 10:16](../10/16.md).
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ACT 11 11 ias8 figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here “we” refers to Peter and the believers in Joppa. It does not include his current audience in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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ACT 11 11 b2qv ἰδοὺ 1 Behold This word alerts us to the new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.
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ACT 11 11 b2qv ἰδοὺ 1 behold This word alerts us to the new people in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.
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ACT 11 11 k44j ἐξαυτῆς 1 right away “immediately” or “at that exact moment”
|
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ACT 11 11 qwn5 figs-activepassive ἀπεσταλμένοι 1 they had been sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone had sent them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 11 11 qwn5 figs-activepassive ἀπεσταλμένοι 1 having been sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone had sent them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 11 12 lf6m μηδὲν διακρίναντα 1 that I should make no distinction regarding them “that I should not be concerned that they were Gentiles”
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ACT 11 12 cf8x ἦλθον…σὺν ἐμοὶ…οἱ ἓξ ἀδελφοὶ οὗτοι 1 These six brothers went with me “These six brothers went with me to Caesarea”
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ACT 11 12 xrc6 οἱ ἓξ ἀδελφοὶ οὗτοι 1 These six brothers “These six Jewish believers”
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@ -2821,4 +2811,4 @@ ACT 28 28 c575 0 Connecting Statement: Paul finishes speaking to the Jewish le
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ACT 28 28 b2za figs-metaphor τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἀπεστάλη τοῦτο τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles God’s message about how he saves people is spoken of as if it were an object that is sent. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God is sending his messengers to the Gentiles to tell them about how he will save them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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ACT 28 28 d18n αὐτοὶ…ἀκούσονται 1 they will listen “some of them will listen.” This response of the Gentiles is in contrast to the way the Jews of that time responded.
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ACT 28 30 c56e writing-endofstory 0 Connecting Statement: Luke ends the story of Paul in the book of Acts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
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ACT 28 31 wv1l figs-metonymy κηρύσσων τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 He was proclaiming the kingdom of God Here “kingdom of God” refers to God’s rule as king. Alternate translation: “He was preaching about God’s rule as king” or “He was preaching about how God will show himself as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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ACT 28 31 wv1l figs-metonymy κηρύσσων τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 He was proclaiming the kingdom of God Here “kingdom of God” refers to God’s rule as king. Alternate translation: “He was preaching about God’s rule as king” or “He was preaching about how God will show himself as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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Reference in New Issue