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Corrected bolding in Hebrews 1-9 (#2298)
Co-authored-by: lrsallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2298
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en_tn_59-HEB.tsv
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en_tn_59-HEB.tsv
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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ HEB front intro xy4n 0 # Introduction to Hebrews<br><br>## Part 1: General In
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HEB 1 intro aaf9 0 # Hebrews 1 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter describes how Jesus is more important to us than the angels are.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:5, 7-13, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>### “Our ancestors”<br><br>The writer wrote this letter to Christians who had grown up as Jews. This is why the letter is called “Hebrews.”<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br><br>The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of proving Jesus is better than the angels. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that God’s Son is more important than any of the angels.<br><br>### Poetry<br><br>Jewish teachers, like the Old Testament prophets, would put their most important teachings in the form of poetry so that the hearers would be able to learn and remember them.
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HEB 1 1 c5f3 0 General Information: Although this letter does not mention the recipients to whom it was sent, the author wrote particularly to Hebrews (Jews), who would have understood the many Old Testament references.
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HEB 1 1 c5f4 0 General Information: This prologue lays the background for the whole book: the unsurpassing greatness of the Son—the Son is greater than all. The book begins with emphasizing that the Son is better than the prophets and the angels.
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HEB 1 2 scr8 ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων 1 in these last days This phrase refers to the time when Jesus began his ministry, extending until God establishes his complete rule in his creation. Alternate translation: “in these final days”
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HEB 1 2 scr8 ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων 1 in these last days The phrase **these last days** refers to the time when Jesus began his ministry, extending until God establishes his complete rule in his creation. Alternate translation: “in these final days”
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HEB 1 2 d386 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱῷ 1 through a Son **Son** here is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 1 2 i93z figs-metaphor κληρονόμον πάντων 1 to be the heir of all things The author speaks of the Son as if he will inherit wealth and property from his Father. Alternate translation: “to possess all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 1 2 gqj8 δι’ οὗ καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς αἰῶνας; 1 It is through him that God also made the universe Alternate translation: “it is through the Son that God also made all things”
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@ -14,10 +14,9 @@ HEB 1 3 l1pg figs-abstractnouns καθαρισμὸν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν
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HEB 1 3 f729 figs-metaphor καθαρισμὸν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ποιησάμενος 1 he had made cleansing for sins The author speaks of forgiving **sins** as if it were making a person clean. Alternate translation: “he had made it possible for God to forgive our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 1 3 xij7 translate-symaction ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης ἐν ὑψηλοῖς 1 he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high To sit **at the right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the Majesty on high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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HEB 1 3 ir7x figs-metonymy τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης ἐν ὑψηλοῖς 1 the Majesty on high Here, **Majesty on high** refers to God. Alternate translation: “of God Most High” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 1 4 mn1p 0 General Information: The first prophetic quotation (You are my son) comes from the Psalms. The prophet Samuel wrote the second one (I will be a father to him). All occurrences of “he” refer to Jesus, the Son. The word **You** refers to Jesus, and the words **I** and **me** refer to God the Father.
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HEB 1 4 x4bh γενόμενος 1 He has become Alternate translation: “the Son has become”
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HEB 1 4 fzg3 figs-metonymy ὅσῳ διαφορώτερον παρ’ αὐτοὺς, κεκληρονόμηκεν ὄνομα 1 as the name he has inherited is more excellent than their name Here, **name** refers to honor and authority. Alternate translation: “as the honor and authority he has inherited is superior to their honor and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 1 4 qt7q figs-metaphor κεκληρονόμηκεν 1 he has inherited The author speaks of receiving honor and authority as if he were inheriting wealth and property from his father. Alternate translation: “he has received” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 1 4 qt7q figs-metaphor κεκληρονόμηκεν 1 he has inherited The author speaks of receiving honor and authority as if he **has inherited** wealth and property from his father. Alternate translation: “he has received” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 1 5 ww5h figs-rquestion τίνι γὰρ εἶπέν ποτε τῶν ἀγγέλων, Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε? 1 For to which of the angels did God ever say, “You are my son … a son to me”? This question emphasizes that God does not call any of the **angels** his **son**. Alternate translation: “For God never said to any of the angels ‘You are my son, and I today I have become your father!’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 1 5 t48e figs-parallelism Υἱός μου εἶ σύ…ἐγὼ…γεγέννηκά σε 1 You are my son … I have become your father These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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HEB 1 6 b6dy καὶ προσκυνησάτωσαν αὐτῷ πάντες ἄγγελοι Θεοῦ 1 General Information: The quotation, **And let all God’s angels worship him**, comes from one of the books that Moses wrote.
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@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ HEB 1 10 r19v figs-metonymy ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν σού εἰσιν
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HEB 1 11 a6le αὐτοὶ ἀπολοῦνται 1 They will perish Alternate translation: “The heavens and earth will disappear” or “The heavens and earth will no longer exist”
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HEB 1 11 qy4e figs-simile πάντες ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιωθήσονται 1 wear out like a piece of clothing The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a piece of clothing that will get old and eventually become useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 1 12 n4hl figs-simile ὡσεὶ περιβόλαιον ἑλίξεις αὐτούς 1 roll them up like a cloak The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a robe or another kind of outer garment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 1 12 iv4r figs-simile ὡς ἱμάτιον καὶ ἀλλαγήσονται 1 they will be changed like a piece of clothing The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were clothing that could be exchanged for other clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 1 12 iv4r figs-simile ὡς ἱμάτιον καὶ ἀλλαγήσονται 1 they will be changed like a piece of clothing The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were clothing that a person could take off in order to put on other clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 1 12 i761 figs-activepassive ἀλλαγήσονται 1 they will be changed You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “you will change them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 1 12 v5mf figs-metaphor ἔτη σου οὐκ ἐκλείψουσιν 1 your years do not end Periods of time are used to represent God’s eternal existence. Alternate translation: “your life will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 1 13 pqs9 0 General Information: This quotation comes from another Psalm.
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@ -57,48 +56,48 @@ HEB 2 2 u52i figs-metonymy πᾶσα παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ
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HEB 2 2 y2y7 figs-doublet παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ 1 trespass and disobedience These words **transgression** and **disobedience** mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 2 3 fv4q figs-rquestion πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας? 1 how then can we escape if we ignore so great a salvation? The author uses this question to emphasize that the people will certainly receive punishment if they refuse God’s **salvation** through Christ. Alternate translation: “then God will certainly punish us if we do not pay attention to his message about how God will save us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 2 3 i2zv ἀμελήσαντες 1 ignore Alternate translation: “pay no attention to” or “consider unimportant”
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HEB 2 3 gm6v figs-abstractnouns τηλικαύτης…σωτηρίας 1 This is salvation that was first announced by the Lord and confirmed to us by those who heard it The abstract noun “salvation” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the amazing way that God saves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 2 3 gm6v figs-abstractnouns τηλικαύτης…σωτηρίας 1 This is salvation that was first announced by the Lord and confirmed to us by those who heard it The abstract noun **salvation** can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the amazing way that God saves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 2 3 dyn1 figs-activepassive πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας? 1 You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “The Lord himself first announced the message about how God will save us and then those who heard the message confirmed it to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 2 4 m2p8 κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ θέλησιν 1 according to his will Alternate translation: “in just the way he wanted to do it”
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HEB 2 5 i3bh οὐ γὰρ ἀγγέλοις ὑπέταξεν 1 For it was not to the angels that God subjected Alternate translation: “For God did not make the angels rulers over”
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HEB 2 5 rqr9 figs-metonymy τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν 1 the world to come Here, **the world** refers to the people who live there. And **is coming** means that this is the world in the next age after Christ returns. Alternate translation: “the people who will live in the new world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 2 6 jh56 0 General Information: This verse begins a quotation from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. It continues on through verse 8.
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HEB 2 6 df5a figs-rquestion τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ, ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου, ὅτι ἐπισκέπτῃ αὐτόν? 1 What is man, that you are mindful of him? This rhetorical question emphasizes the insignificance of humans and expresses surprise that God would pay attention to them. Alternate translation: “Humans are insignificant, and yet you think about them and take care of them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 2 6 wkd9 figs-idiom ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου 1 Or a son of man, that you care for him? The idiom **a son of man** refers to human beings. Alternate translation: “or any human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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HEB 2 6 e47v figs-ellipsis ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου 1 Or a son of man The verb may be supplied from the previous question. Alternate translation: “or what is a son of man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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HEB 2 6 wkd9 figs-idiom υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου 1 Or a son of man, that you care for him? The idiom **a son of man** refers to human beings. Alternate translation: “any human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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HEB 2 6 e47v figs-ellipsis υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου 1 Or a son of man The verb may be supplied from the previous question. Alternate translation: “what is a son of man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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HEB 2 7 ka5a figs-metaphor ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν, βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους 1 a little lower than the angels The author speaks of people being less important than **angels** as if the people are standing in a position that is **lower** than the angels’ position. Alternate translation: “You made him to be less important than the angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 7 tjn6 figs-genericnoun ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν, βραχύ τι…ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν 1 made man … crowned him Here, these phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general. Alternate translation: “You made humans a little lower … you crowned them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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HEB 2 7 d4s6 figs-gendernotations αὐτὸν…αὐτόν 1 Here, both occurrences of **him** include both males and females. Alternate translation: “You made men and women a little lower … you crowned them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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HEB 2 7 tjn6 figs-genericnoun ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν, βραχύ τι…ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν 1 made man … crowned him Here, these two phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general. Alternate translation: “You made humans a little lower … you crowned them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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HEB 2 7 d4s6 figs-gendernotations αὐτὸν…αὐτόν 1 Here, both occurrences of **him** include both males and females. Alternate translation: “men and women … them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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HEB 2 7 s85x figs-metaphor δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν 1 you crowned him with glory and honor The gifts of **glory** and **honor** are spoken of as if they were a wreath of leaves placed on the head of a victorious athlete. Alternate translation: “you have given them great glory and honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 8 ac9f figs-genericnoun τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ…αὐτῷ 1 his feet … to him Here, **his** and **him** do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general. Alternate translation: “their feet … to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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HEB 2 8 k5j2 figs-metaphor πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ 1 You put everything in subjection under his feet The author speaks of humans having control over everything as if they have stepped on everything with their **feet**. Alternate translation: “You have given them control over everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 8 rf44 figs-doublenegatives οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον 1 He did not leave anything not subjected to him This double negative means that all things will be subject to Christ. Alternate translation: “God made everything subject to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 2 8 rf44 figs-doublenegatives οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον 1 He did not leave anything not subjected to him This double negative **nothing not** means that all things will be **subjected** to Christ. Alternate translation: “God made everything subject to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 2 8 xy7c οὔπω ὁρῶμεν αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα ὑποτεταγμένα 1 we do not yet see everything subjected to him Alternate translation: “we know that humans are not in control of everything yet”
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HEB 2 9 ma4j figs-activepassive ἠλαττωμένον 1 who was made You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 2 9 i4fc παρ’ ἀγγέλους ἠλαττωμένον…δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον 1 lower than the angels … crowned with glory and honor See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 2:7](../02/07.md).
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HEB 2 9 i4fc βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους ἠλαττωμένον…δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον 1 lower than the angels … crowned with glory and honor See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 2:7](../02/07.md).
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HEB 2 9 bil4 figs-metaphor γεύσηται θανάτου 1 he might taste death The experience of **death** is spoken of as if it were food that people can **taste**. Alternate translation: “he might experience death” or “he might die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 10 r899 figs-metaphor πολλοὺς υἱοὺς εἰς δόξαν ἀγαγόντα 1 bring many sons to glory The gift of **glory** is spoken of here as if it were a place to which people could be **brought**. Alternate translation: “having saved many sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 10 l95y figs-gendernotations πολλοὺς υἱοὺς 1 many sons Here, **sons** refers to believers in Christ, including males and females. Alternate translation: “many believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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HEB 2 10 sw9t figs-metaphor τὸν ἀρχηγὸν τῆς σωτηρίας αὐτῶν 1 the leader of their salvation This could mean: (1) the word translated here as **author** can mean “founder” and speaks of Jesus as the one who establishes salvation, or makes it possible for God to save people. Alternate translation: “the one who makes their salvation possible” (2) the word translated here as **author** can mean “prince” or “leader” and speaks of Jesus as the leader who goes before the people and leads them to salvation. Alternate translation: “the one who leads people to salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 10 l321 figs-metaphor τελειῶσαι 1 complete Becoming mature and completely trained is spoken of as if a person were made **perfect**, perhaps complete in all his body parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 10 l321 figs-metaphor τελειῶσαι 1 complete Becoming mature and completely trained is spoken of as if a person were made “perfect”, perhaps complete in all his body parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 11 jy9p 0 General Information: This verse is a prophetic quotation that comes from a Psalm of King David.
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HEB 2 11 ky9v ὅ…ἁγιάζων 1 the one who sanctifies Alternate translation: “the one who makes others holy” or “the one who makes others pure from sin”
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HEB 2 11 jzw3 figs-activepassive οἱ ἁγιαζόμενοι 1 those who are sanctified You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom he makes holy” or “those whom he makes pure from sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 2 11 bj7i figs-explicit ἐξ ἑνὸς 1 have one source You can state clearly who that **one** is. Alternate translation: “have one source, God himself” or “have the same Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 2 11 ul23 οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται 1 he is not ashamed Alternate translation: “Jesus is not ashamed”
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HEB 2 11 k1q5 figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοὺς καλεῖν 1 is not ashamed to call them brothers This double negative means that he will claim them as his **brothers**. Alternate translation: “is pleased to call them his brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 2 11 k1q5 figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοὺς καλεῖν 1 is not ashamed to call them brothers This double negative **not ashamed** means that he will claim them as his **brothers**. Alternate translation: “is pleased to call them his brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 2 11 a8h9 figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοὺς 1 brothers Here, **brothers** refers to all who have believed in Jesus, including both men and women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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HEB 2 12 e88p figs-metonymy ἀπαγγελῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου 1 I will proclaim your name to my brothers Here, **name** refers to the person’s reputation and what they have done. Alternate translation: “I will proclaim to my brothers the great things you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 2 12 tn8n ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας 1 from inside the assembly Alternate translation: “when believers come together to worship God”
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HEB 2 13 dx1q 0 General Information: The prophet Isaiah wrote these quotations.
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HEB 2 13 s1fp καὶ πάλιν, 1 And again, Alternate translation: “And a prophet wrote in another scripture passage what Christ said about God:”
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HEB 2 13 xap9 figs-metaphor τὰ παιδία 1 the children This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were **children**. Alternate translation: “those who are like my children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 14 qj3d figs-metaphor τὰ παιδία 1 the children This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were **children**. Alternate translation: “those who are like my children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 14 qj3d figs-metaphor τὰ παιδία 1 the children This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were **children**. See how you translated **children** in [verse 13](../02/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 14 ndv2 figs-idiom κεκοινώνηκεν αἵματος καὶ σαρκός 1 share in flesh and blood The phrase **flesh and blood** refers to people’s human nature. Alternate translation: “are all human beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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HEB 2 14 fy7a καὶ αὐτὸς παραπλησίως μετέσχεν τῶν αὐτῶν 1 he likewise shared in the same Alternate translation: “Jesus in the same way shared in flesh and blood” or “Jesus became human in the same way they did”
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HEB 2 14 p878 figs-abstractnouns διὰ τοῦ θανάτου 1 through death You can state the abstract noun **death** as a verb. Alternate translation: “by dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 2 14 ij54 figs-abstractnouns τὸ κράτος ἔχοντα τοῦ θανάτου 1 has the power of death You can state the abstract noun **death** as a verb. Alternate translation: “has the power to cause people to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 2 15 w3cr figs-metaphor ἀπαλλάξῃ τούτους, ὅσοι φόβῳ θανάτου, διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν, ἔνοχοι ἦσαν δουλείας 1 This was so that he would free all those who through fear of death lived all their lives in slavery The **fear of death** is spoken of as if it were **slavery**. Taking away someone’s fear is spoken of as it were freeing that person from slavery. Alternate translation: “This was so he might free all people. For we lived like slaves because we were afraid of dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 15 w3cr figs-metaphor ἀπαλλάξῃ τούτους, ὅσοι φόβῳ θανάτου, διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν, ἔνοχοι ἦσαν δουλείας 1 This was so that he would free all those who through fear of death lived all their lives in slavery The **fear of death** is spoken of as if it had taken someone into **slavery**. Taking away someone’s fear is spoken of as it were freeing that person from slavery. Alternate translation: “this was so he might free all people. For we lived like slaves because we were afraid of dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 2 17 agw2 ὤφειλεν 1 it was necessary for him Alternate translation: “it was necessary for Jesus”
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HEB 2 17 v3pw τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὁμοιωθῆναι 1 like his brothers Here, **brothers** refers to people in general. Alternate translation: “to become like human beings”
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HEB 2 17 u6ch εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ 1 he would bring about the pardon of the people’s sins Christ’s death on the cross means that God can forgive sins. Alternate translation: “he would make it possible for God to forgive people’s sins”
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@ -135,16 +134,16 @@ HEB 3 10 rmqh figs-metonymy τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 Here, **hearts** is a metonym
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HEB 3 10 l5t7 figs-metaphor οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὰς ὁδούς μου 1 They have not known my ways Here, **my ways** speaks of a manner of conducting one’s life as if it were a way or a path. Alternate translation: “They have not understood how I want them to conduct their lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 11 tz3l figs-metaphor εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “They will never enter the place of rest” or “I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 12 gv84 figs-metaphor ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here, **brothers** refers to fellow Christians, including males and females. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” or “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 12 gua2 figs-metaphor μήποτε ἔσται ἔν τινι ὑμῶν καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας, ἐν τῷ ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 Refusing to believe and obey God is spoken of as if the heart did not believe and it physically turned **away from** God. Alternate translation: “there will not be any of you who refuse to believe the truth and who stop obeying the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 12 gua2 figs-metaphor μήποτε ἔσται ἔν τινι ὑμῶν καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας, ἐν τῷ ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 Refusing to believe and obey God is spoken of as if the heart did not believe and it physically fell **away from** God. Alternate translation: “there will not be any of you who refuse to believe the truth and who stop obeying the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 12 lma5 figs-metonymy καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας 1 there will not be anyone with an evil heart of unbelief, a heart that turns away from the living God Here, **heart** is a metonym that represents a person’s mind or will. Alternate translation: “an evil attitude of not believing God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 3 12 kjm7 Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 the living God Alternate translation: “the true God who is really alive”
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HEB 3 13 d3k2 ἄχρις οὗ, τὸ σήμερον, καλεῖται 1 as long as it is called “today,” Alternate translation: “while there is still opportunity,”
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HEB 3 13 m1e7 figs-activepassive μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the deceitfulness of sin will not harden any of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 3 13 b198 figs-metaphor μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin Being stubborn is spoken of as being hard or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. Alternate translation: “no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn” or “you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 13 sye2 figs-abstractnouns ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 You can translate the abstract noun **deceitfulness** as the verb “deceive.” Alternate translation: “and be deceived by sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 3 13 b198 figs-metaphor μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin Being stubborn is spoken of as being **hardened** or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. Alternate translation: “no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn” or “you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 13 sye2 figs-abstractnouns ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 You can translate the abstract noun **deceitfulness** as the verb “deceive.” Alternate translation: “because you are deceived by sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 3 14 znu5 0 General Information: This continues the quotation from the same psalm that was also quoted in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md).
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HEB 3 14 f52j figs-exclusive γὰρ…γεγόναμεν 1 For we have become Here, **we** refers to both the writer and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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HEB 3 14 e753 ἐάνπερ…τῆς ὑποστάσεως…βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν 1 if we firmly hold to our confidence in him Alternate translation: “if we continue to confidently trust in him”
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HEB 3 14 e753 ἐάνπερ τὴν ἀρχὴν τῆς ὑποστάσεως…βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν 1 if we firmly hold to our confidence in him Alternate translation: “if we continue, as we first did, to confidently trust in him”
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HEB 3 14 j3aq τὴν ἀρχὴν 1 from the beginning Alternate translation: “from when we first begin to believe in him”
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HEB 3 14 l9en figs-euphemism μέχρι τέλους 1 to the end Here, **the end** is a polite way of referring to when a person dies. Alternate translation: “until we die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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HEB 3 15 bym1 figs-activepassive λέγεσθαι 1 it has been said You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the writer wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -152,9 +151,9 @@ HEB 3 15 wa11 figs-metonymy ἐὰν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκού
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HEB 3 15 j8dh figs-abstractnouns ὡς ἐν τῷ παραπικρασμῷ 1 as in the rebellion You can state **rebellion** as a verb. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “as when your ancestors rebelled against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 3 16 b4jy figs-exclusive πάντες οἱ 1 General Information: The phrase, **all those** refers to the disobedient Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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HEB 3 16 pwl2 figs-rquestion τίνες γὰρ ἀκούσαντες παρεπίκραναν? ἀλλ’ οὐ πάντες οἱ ἐξελθόντες ἐξ Αἰγύπτου διὰ Μωϋσέως? 1 Who was it who heard God and rebelled? Was it not all those who came out of Egypt through Moses? The author uses these two questions to teach his readers. The questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: “All those who came out of Egypt with Moses heard God, yet they still rebelled.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 3 17 swy4 figs-rquestion τίσιν δὲ προσώχθισεν τεσσεράκοντα ἔτη? οὐχὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήσασιν, ὧν τὰ κῶλα ἔπεσεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ? 1 With whom was he angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness? The author uses these two questions to teach his readers. The questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: “For forty years, God was angry with those who sinned, and he let them die in the wilderness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 3 17 swy4 figs-rquestion τίσιν δὲ προσώχθισεν τεσσεράκοντα ἔτη? οὐχὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήσασιν, ὧν τὰ κῶλα ἔπεσεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ? 1 With whom was he angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness? The author uses these two questions to teach his readers. The questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: “For 40 years, God was angry with those who sinned, and he let them die in the wilderness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 3 18 l1gc figs-rquestion τίσιν δὲ ὤμοσεν μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἀπειθήσασιν? 1 To whom did he swear that they would not enter his rest, if it was not to those who disobeyed him? The author uses this question to teach his readers. Alternate translation: “And it was to those who disobeyed that he swore they would not enter his rest.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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HEB 3 18 q16u figs-metaphor μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ 1 they would not enter his rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “they would not enter the place of rest” or “they would not experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 18 q16u figs-metaphor μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ 1 they would not enter his rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “they would not come into the place of rest” or “they would not experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 3 19 x18z figs-abstractnouns δι’ ἀπιστίαν 1 because of unbelief You can translate the abstract noun **unbelief** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “because they did not believe him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 4 intro u72n 0 # Hebrews 4 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter tells why Jesus is the greatest high priest.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3-4, 7, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s rest<br><br>The word **rest** seems to refer to at least two things in this chapter. It refers to a place or time when God will allow his people to rest from their work ([Hebrews 4:3](../heb/04/03.md)), and it refers to God resting on the seventh day ([Hebrews 4:4](../heb/04/04.md)).
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HEB 4 1 n98m 0 Connecting Statement: Chapter 4 continues the warning to believers starting in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). God, through the writer, gives believers a rest of which God’s rest in the creation of the world is a picture.
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@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ HEB 4 1 zta2 figs-metaphor μήποτε καταλειπομένης ἐπαγγ
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HEB 4 1 ev85 figs-metaphor εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ 1 to enter God’s rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “to enter the place of rest” or “to experience God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 2 m74h figs-activepassive καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι 1 For we were told the good news just as they were You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For we also heard the good news just as they did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 2 znk9 καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι 1 as they were Here, **them** refers to the Hebrews’ ancestors who were alive during the time of Moses.
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HEB 4 2 zza4 figs-doublenegatives ἀλλ’ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους, μὴ συνκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν 1 But that message did not benefit those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed The author is talking about two groups of people, those who received God’s covenant **with faith**, and those **who heard it** but did not believe. You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “But that message benefited only those who believed and obeyed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 4 2 zza4 figs-doublenegatives ἀλλ’ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους, μὴ συνκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν 1 But that message did not benefit those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed The author is talking about a second group of people **who heard** **the message** but who did not believe it. You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “But that message benefited only those who believed and obeyed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 4 3 v4q4 ὡς ὤμοσα ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ μου, εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 General Information: This quotation is from a psalm.
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HEB 4 3 w6t4 figs-metaphor εἰσερχόμεθα…εἰς κατάπαυσιν, οἱ πιστεύσαντες 1 we who have believed enter that rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “we who have believed will enter the place of rest” or “we who have believed will experience God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 3 x2kq καθὼς εἴρηκεν 1 just as he said Alternate translation: “just as God said”
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@ -171,16 +170,16 @@ HEB 4 3 qfs8 ὡς ὤμοσα ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ μου 1 As I swore in my
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HEB 4 3 k1ld figs-metaphor εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “They will never enter the place of rest” or “They will never experience my blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 3 x8zv figs-activepassive τῶν ἔργων…γενηθέντων 1 his works were finished You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “he finished creating” or “he finished his works of creation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 3 vym3 figs-metaphor ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου 1 from the foundation of the world The author speaks of the **world** as if it were a building set on a **foundation**. Alternate translation: “at the beginning of the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 4 hbm5 translate-ordinal τῆς ἑβδόμης 1 the seventh day This is the ordinal number for “seven.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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HEB 4 4 hbm5 translate-ordinal τῆς ἑβδόμης 1 the seventh day The word **seventh** is the ordinal number for “seven.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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HEB 4 4 jojq καὶ κατέπαυσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ 1 This quotation is from Moses’ writings.
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HEB 4 5 qfjr εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 This quotation is from the same psalm as the quotation in verse [3](../04/03.md).
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HEB 4 5 zq16 figs-metaphor εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 it still remains that some will enter his rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “God still allows some people to enter his place of rest” or “God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 6 twwv figs-activepassive ἀπολείπεται τινὰς εἰσελθεῖν εἰς αὐτήν 1 You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God still allows some people to enter his place of rest” or “God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 7 y2tm 0 General Information: Here we find out that this quotation from the Psalms was written by David ([Hebrews 3:7-8](../03/07.md)).
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HEB 4 7 bp6u figs-metaphor ἐὰν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκούσητε 1 if you hear his voice God’s commands to Israel are spoken of as if he had given them in an audible **voice**. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: “if you hear God speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 7 lsp6 figs-metonymy μὴ σκληρύνητε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 do not harden your hearts Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s mind. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 4 7 lsp6 figs-metonymy τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 do not harden your hearts Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s mind. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 4 7 pktz figs-metaphor μὴ σκληρύνητε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 The phrase **harden your hearts** is a metaphor for being stubborn. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “do not be stubborn” or “do not refuse to listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 8 mdq9 figs-metaphor εἰ…αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν 1 if Joshua had given them rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that Joshua could give. Alternate translation: “if Joshua had brought the Israelites to the place where God would give them rest” or “if the Israelites during the time of Joshua had experienced God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 8 mdq9 figs-metaphor εἰ…αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν 1 if Joshua had given them rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that **Joshua** could give. Alternate translation: “if Joshua had brought the Israelites to the place where God would give them rest” or “if the Israelites during the time of Joshua had experienced God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 9 vhx9 figs-activepassive ἀπολείπεται σαββατισμὸς τῷ λαῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 there is still a Sabbath rest reserved for God’s people You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “there is still a Sabbath rest that God has reserved for his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 9 qe6x figs-metaphor σαββατισμὸς 1 a Sabbath rest Eternal peace and security are spoken of as if they were the **Sabbath** day, the Jewish day of worship and **rest** from working. Alternate translation: “an eternal rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 10 ej9y figs-metaphor ὁ…εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ 1 he who enters into God’s rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they are a place to enter. Alternate translation: “the person who enters into God’s place of rest” or “the person who experiences God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -190,22 +189,22 @@ HEB 4 11 uznd figs-abstractnouns ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ…ὑποδείγματ
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HEB 4 12 h5d2 ζῶν…ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the word of God is living Here, **the Word of God** refers to anything that God has communicated to humanity, whether through speech or through written messages. Alternate translation: “the words of God are living”
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HEB 4 12 j9qy figs-personification ζῶν…καὶ ἐνεργὴς 1 living and active This speaks about God’s word as if it were alive. It means when God speaks, it is powerful and effective. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 4 12 g4tc figs-metaphor τομώτερος, ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν δίστομον 1 sharper than any two-edged sword A **two-edged sword** can easily cut through a person’s flesh. God’s word is very effective in showing what is in a person’s heart and thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 12 lv6y μάχαιραν δίστομον 1 two-edged sword a sword with a blade that is sharp on both edges
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HEB 4 12 lv6y μάχαιραν δίστομον 1 two-edged sword a **sword** with a blade that is sharp on both edges
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HEB 4 12 e7kv figs-metaphor καὶ διϊκνούμενος ἄχρι μερισμοῦ ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος, ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν 1 It pierces even to the dividing of soul and spirit, of joints and marrow This continues speaking about God’s word as if it were a sword. Here the sword is so sharp that it can cut through and divide parts of the human that are very difficult or even impossible to divide. This means that there is nothing inside us that we can hide from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 12 m6f2 ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος 1 soul and spirit These are two different but closely related nonphysical parts of a human. The **soul** is what causes a person to be alive. The **spirit** is the part of a person that causes him to be able to know and believe in God.
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HEB 4 12 m6f2 ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος 1 soul and spirit The **soul** and the **spirit** are two different but closely related nonphysical parts of a human. The **soul** is what causes a person to be alive. The **spirit** is the part of a person that causes him to be able to know and believe in God.
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HEB 4 12 sc3m ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν 1 joints and marrow The **joints** are what hold bones together. The **marrow** is the center part of the bone.
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HEB 4 12 n6n5 figs-personification κριτικὸς 1 is able to discern This speaks about God’s word as if it were a person who could know something. Alternate translation: “exposes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 4 12 n6n5 figs-personification κριτικὸς 1 is able to discern This speaks about God’s word as if it were a person who could decide whether a person's thoughts were right or wrong. Alternate translation: “exposes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 4 12 xdu4 figs-metonymy ἐνθυμήσεων καὶ ἐννοιῶν καρδίας 1 the thoughts and intentions of the heart Here, **heart** here is a metonym for “inner self.” Alternate translation: “what a person is thinking and intends to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 4 13 nx6n figs-activepassive οὐκ ἔστιν κτίσις ἀφανὴς ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ 1 Nothing created is hidden before God You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing that God has created can hide from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 13 f3h1 figs-metaphor πάντα…γυμνὰ καὶ τετραχηλισμένα 1 everything is bare and open This speaks about all things as if they were a person standing **bare**, or a container that is **open**. Alternate translation: “everything is completely exposed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 13 yk64 figs-doublet γυμνὰ καὶ τετραχηλισμένα 1 bare and open The two words **bare** and **open** mean basically the same thing and emphasize that nothing is hidden from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 4 13 i9hh figs-metaphor τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ, πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος 1 to the eyes of the one to whom we must give account God is spoken of as if he had **eyes**. Alternate translation: “to God, who will judge how we have lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 14 a51p διεληλυθότα τοὺς οὐρανούς 1 who has passed through the heavens Alternate translation: “who has entered where God is”
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HEB 4 14 ph6z guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God **Son** is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 4 14 ph6z guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God **Son of God** is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 4 14 vt4v figs-metaphor κρατῶμεν τῆς ὁμολογίας 1 let us firmly hold to our beliefs Belief and trust are spoken of as if they were objects that a person could grasp **firmly**. Alternate translation: “let us continue to believe confidently in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 4 15 i2fw figs-doublenegatives οὐ…ἔχομεν ἀρχιερέα μὴ δυνάμενον συνπαθῆσαι ταῖς ἀσθενείαις ἡμῶν, πεπειρασμένον δὲ 1 we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympathy … Instead, we have This double negative means that, in fact, Jesus does feel sympathy with people. Alternate translation: “we have a high priest who can feel sympathy when we are weak, and who was tempted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 4 15 i2fw figs-doublenegatives οὐ…ἔχομεν ἀρχιερέα μὴ δυνάμενον συνπαθῆσαι ταῖς ἀσθενείαις ἡμῶν, πεπειρασμένον δὲ 1 we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympathy … Instead, we have This double negative **not … not** means that, in fact, Jesus does feel sympathy with people. Alternate translation: “we have a high priest who can feel sympathy when we are weak, and who was tempted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 4 15 d26h figs-activepassive πεπειρασμένον…κατὰ πάντα καθ’ ὁμοιότητα 1 who has in all ways been tempted as we are You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “who has endured temptation in every way that we have” or “whom the devil has tempted in every way that he tempts us, yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 4 15 fve3 χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας 1 he is without sin “he did not sin”
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HEB 4 15 fve3 χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας 1 he is without sin “but he did not sin”
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HEB 4 16 aj1p figs-metonymy τῷ θρόνῳ 1 to the throne of grace Here, **the throne** refers to God ruling as king. Alternate translation: “to where our gracious God is sitting on his throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 4 16 py6d figs-metaphor λάβωμεν ἔλεος, καὶ χάριν εὕρωμεν, εἰς εὔκαιρον βοήθειαν 1 we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need Here, **mercy** and **grace** are spoken of as if they were objects that can be given or can be found. Alternate translation: “God may be merciful and gracious and help us in time of need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 intro b67j 0 # Hebrews 5 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the teaching of the previous chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 5:5-6.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### High priest<br><br>Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Milk and solid food<br><br>The writer speaks of Christians who are only able to understand simple things about Jesus as if they were babies, who drink only milk and cannot eat solid food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -215,7 +214,7 @@ HEB 5 1 ndz7 figs-activepassive καθίσταται 1 is appointed You can stat
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HEB 5 1 mzd9 ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων καθίσταται 1 to act on the behalf of people Alternate translation: “is appointed to represent the people”
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HEB 5 2 gt9j figs-activepassive πλανωμένοις 1 those … who have been deceived You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom others have deceived” or “who believe what is false” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 5 2 f781 πλανωμένοις 1 who have been deceived Alternate translation: “who believe false things and so behave badly”
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HEB 5 2 ny8u figs-metaphor περίκειται ἀσθένειαν 1 is subject to weakness The high priest’s own **weakness** is spoken of as if it were another person who rules over him. Alternate translation: “is spiritually weak” or “is weak against sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 2 ny8u figs-metaphor περίκειται ἀσθένειαν 1 is subject to weakness The high priest’s own **weakness** is spoken of as if it were another person who rules over him. Alternate translation: “is spiritually weak” or “is controlled by his weakness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 2 ihs9 ἀσθένειαν 1 weakness the desire to sin
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HEB 5 3 q5xi figs-activepassive ὀφείλει 1 he also is required You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God also requires him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 5 4 c336 figs-metaphor λαμβάνει τὴν τιμήν 1 takes this honor Here, **honor** is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could grasp in his hands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -223,17 +222,17 @@ HEB 5 4 n2e1 figs-metonymy λαμβάνει τὴν τιμήν 1 takes this hono
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HEB 5 4 p6hc figs-activepassive καλούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καθώσπερ καὶ Ἀαρών 1 he is called by God, just as Aaron was You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God called him, just as he called Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 5 5 c45n Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε 1 General Information: This quotation is from the Psalms in the Old Testament.
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HEB 5 5 pr3f ὁ λαλήσας πρὸς αὐτόν 1 the one speaking to him said Alternate translation: “God said to him”
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HEB 5 5 i694 figs-parallelism Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε 1 You are my Son; today I have become your Father These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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HEB 5 5 mfa8 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱός 1 Son … Father **Son** and **Father** are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 5 5 i694 figs-parallelism Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε 1 You are my Son; today I have become your Father These two clauses mean essentially the same thing. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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HEB 5 5 mfa8 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱός 1 Son … Father **Son** is important title that describe the relationship between Jesus and God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 5 6 bce6 0 General Information: This prophecy is from a Psalm of David.
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HEB 5 6 ds6v figs-ellipsis καὶ…λέγει 1 he also says You can state clearly to whom God is speaking. Alternate translation: “he also says to Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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HEB 5 6 k5uw ἐν ἑτέρῳ 1 in another place Alternate translation: “in another place in the scriptures”
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HEB 5 6 ede5 κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ 1 after the manner of Melchizedek Here, **the order of Melchizedek** means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”
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HEB 5 7 mv2c figs-metonymy ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ 1 During the days of his flesh Here, **the days** stands for a period of time, and **flesh** stands for Jesus’s earthly life. Alternate translation: “While he lived on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 5 6 ede5 κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ 1 after the manner of Melchizedek Here, **the order of Melchizedek** rules and practices that **Melchizedek** followed and the authority he had as a priest of God. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”
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HEB 5 7 mv2c figs-metonymy ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ 1 During the days of his flesh Here, **the days** stands for a period of time, and **flesh** stands for Jesus’ earthly life. Alternate translation: “while he lived on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 5 7 iel9 figs-doublet δεήσεις…καὶ ἱκετηρίας 1 prayers and requests Both **prayers** and **requests** mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 5 7 p6zm τὸν δυνάμενον σῴζειν αὐτὸν ἐκ θανάτου 1 the one able to save him from death This could mean: (1) God was **able to save** Christ so that he would not die. Alternate translation: “to save him from dying” (2) God was **able to save** Christ after Christ’s death by making him alive again. If possible, translate this in a way that allows both interpretations.
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HEB 5 7 e75a figs-activepassive εἰσακουσθεὶς 1 he was heard You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God heard him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 5 8 mk8z guidelines-sonofgodprinciples υἱός 1 a son **Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 5 8 mk8z guidelines-sonofgodprinciples υἱός 1 a son Here, **son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 5 9 z2bv 0 Connecting Statement: In verse 11 the writer begins his third warning. He warns these believers that they are still not mature and encourages them to learn God’s word so they can understand right from wrong.
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HEB 5 9 i29c figs-activepassive τελειωθεὶς 1 He was made perfect You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God made him perfect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 5 9 n5qt τελειωθεὶς 1 made perfect Here, **made perfect** means being made mature, able to honor God in all aspects of life.
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@ -245,7 +244,7 @@ HEB 5 11 r2u2 figs-metaphor νωθροὶ γεγόνατε ταῖς ἀκοα
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HEB 5 12 lw1a τὰ στοιχεῖα τῆς ἀρχῆς 1 basic principles Here, **principles** means a guideline or standard for making decisions. Alternate translation: “of the basic truths”
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HEB 5 12 wy2h figs-metaphor γεγόνατε χρείαν ἔχοντες γάλακτος 1 You need milk Teaching about God that is easy to understand is spoken of as if it were **milk**, the only food that infants can take. Alternate translation: “you have become like babies and can drink only milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 12 yk1q figs-metaphor γάλακτος, οὐ στερεᾶς τροφῆς 1 milk, not solid food Teaching about God that is difficult to understand is spoken of as if it were **solid food**, suitable for adults. Alternate translation: “of milk instead of solid food that adults can eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 13 nhx3 figs-metonymy μετέχων γάλακτος 1 takes milk Here, **takes** stands for “drinks.” Alternate translation: “drinks milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 5 13 nhx3 figs-metonymy μετέχων γάλακτος 1 takes milk Here, **takes** stands for “drinks.” Alternate translation: “who drinks milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 5 13 vl7k figs-metaphor νήπιος γάρ ἐστιν 1 because he is still a little child Spiritual maturity is compared with the kind of food that a growing **child** eats. Solid food is not for a tiny baby, and that is a figure describing a young Christian who only learns simple truths; but later, more solid food is given to the little child, just as when a person matures he can learn about matters that are more difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 5 14 e3yh figs-metonymy τῶν διὰ τὴν ἕξιν τὰ αἰσθητήρια γεγυμνασμένα, ἐχόντων πρὸς διάκρισιν, καλοῦ τε καὶ κακοῦ 1 who because of their maturity have their understanding trained for distinguishing good from evil People trained to understand something are spoken of as if their ability to understand had been **trained**. Alternate translation: “who are mature and can distinguish between good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 6 intro nz5i 0 # Hebrews 6 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Abrahamic Covenant<br><br>In the covenant that God made with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham’s descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect Abraham’s descendants and to give them land of their own. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
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@ -253,7 +252,7 @@ HEB 6 1 f1nk 0 Connecting Statement: The writer continues with what immature H
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HEB 6 1 i4xr figs-metaphor ἀφέντες τὸν τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ λόγον, ἐπὶ τὴν τελειότητα φερώμεθα 1 let us leave the beginning of the message of Christ and move forward to maturity This speaks about the basic teachings as if they were the beginning of a journey and the mature teachings as if they were the end of a journey. Alternate translation: “let us stop only discussing what we first learned and start understanding more mature teachings as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 1 thw8 figs-metaphor μὴ πάλιν θεμέλιον καταβαλλόμενοι 1 Let us not lay again the foundation … of faith in God Basic teachings are spoken of as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a **foundation**. Alternate translation: “let us not repeat the basic teachings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 1 d5q3 figs-metaphor νεκρῶν ἔργων 1 dead works Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the **dead**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 2 s1cv figs-metaphor βαπτισμῶν διδαχὴν, ἐπιθέσεώς τε χειρῶν, ἀναστάσεώς τε νεκρῶν, καὶ κρίματος αἰωνίου 1 nor the foundation of teaching … eternal judgment The writer continues from the previous verse speaking about basic teachings as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a foundation. Alternate translation: “nor the basic teachings … eternal judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 2 s1cv figs-metaphor βαπτισμῶν διδαχὴν, ἐπιθέσεώς τε χειρῶν, ἀναστάσεώς τε νεκρῶν, καὶ κρίματος αἰωνίου 1 nor the foundation of teaching … eternal judgment The writer continues from the previous verse speaking about basic teachings as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a foundation. Alternate translation: “nor the basic teaching about baptisms, and laying on of hands, and resurrection of the dead, and eternal judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 2 xww5 ἐπιθέσεώς…χειρῶν 1 laying on of hands The practice of **laying on of hands** was done to set someone apart for special service or position.
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HEB 6 4 e7px figs-metaphor τοὺς ἅπαξ φωτισθέντας 1 those who were once enlightened Understanding is spoken of as if it were illumination. Alternate translation: “those who once understood the message about Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 4 l5mc figs-metaphor γευσαμένους…τῆς δωρεᾶς τῆς ἐπουρανίου 1 who tasted the heavenly gift Experiencing salvation is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate translation: “who experienced God’s saving power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -262,7 +261,7 @@ HEB 6 5 vp46 figs-metaphor καλὸν γευσαμένους Θεοῦ ῥῆμ
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HEB 6 5 tw1u figs-metonymy δυνάμεις…μέλλοντος αἰῶνος 1 the powers of the age to come This means the power of God when his kingdom is fully present in all the world. In this sense, **the powers** refer to God himself, who holds all power. Alternate translation: “learned how God will work powerfully in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 6 6 l8nx πάλιν ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μετάνοιαν 1 it is impossible to restore them again to repentance Alternate translation: “it is impossible to bring them back to repent again”
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HEB 6 6 dj3g figs-metaphor ἀνασταυροῦντας ἑαυτοῖς τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 they crucify the Son of God for themselves again When people turn away from God, it is as though they crucify Jesus again. Alternate translation: “it is like they crucify for themselves the very Son of God again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 6 y47b guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God **Son** is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 6 6 y47b guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God **Son of God** is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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HEB 6 7 p4tf figs-personification γῆ…ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν…ὑετόν 1 the land that drinks in the rain Farmland that benefits from much **rain** is spoken of as if it were a person who drinks in the rainwater. Alternate translation: “the land that absorbs the rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 6 7 r32n figs-personification τίκτουσα βοτάνην 1 that gives birth to the plants Farmland that **produces** crops is spoken of as if it gives birth to them. Alternate translation: “that produces plants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 6 7 da68 figs-personification μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the land that receives a blessing from God Rain and crops are seen as proof that **God** has helped the farmland. The farmland is spoken of as if it were a person who could receive God’s **blessing**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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@ -272,14 +271,14 @@ HEB 6 8 a2bk ἧς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν 1 Its end is in burni
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HEB 6 9 sb4a figs-pronouns πεπείσμεθα 1 we are convinced Even though the author uses the plural pronoun **we**, he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: “I am convinced” or “I am certain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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HEB 6 9 jt3k τὰ κρείσσονα 1 about better things concerning you Here, **better things** means they are doing better than those who have rejected God, disobeyed him, and now can no longer repent so that God will forgive them ([Hebrews 6:4-6](./04.md)). Alternate translation: “that you are doing better things than what I have mentioned”
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HEB 6 9 npu2 figs-abstractnouns ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας 1 things that concern salvation You can state the abstract noun **salvation** as a verb. Alternate translation: “things that concern God saving you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 6 10 t2hb figs-doublenegatives οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς, ἐπιλαθέσθαι 1 For God is not so unjust that he would forget This double negative can mean that God in his justice will remember what good things his people have done. Alternate translation: “For God is just and therefore will certainly remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 6 10 t2hb figs-doublenegatives οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς, ἐπιλαθέσθαι 1 For God is not so unjust that he would forget This double negative **not unjust** can mean that God in his justice will remember what good things his people have done. Alternate translation: “For God is just and therefore will certainly remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 6 10 r9xx figs-metonymy εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ 1 for his name God’s **name** is a metonym that stands for God himself. Alternate translation: “for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 6 11 j7f5 figs-pronouns ἐπιθυμοῦμεν 1 We greatly desire Even though the author uses the plural pronoun **we**, he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: “I greatly desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
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HEB 6 11 k4si σπουδὴν 1 diligence careful, hard work
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HEB 6 11 xfy1 figs-explicit ἄχρι τέλους 1 to the end You can state explicitly the implicit meaning of **the end**. Alternate translation: “to the end of your lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 6 11 i2yc πρὸς τὴν πληροφορίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος 1 in order to make your hope certain Alternate translation: “in order to have complete certainty that you will receive what God has promised you”
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HEB 6 12 yrh2 μιμηταὶ 1 imitators An “imitator” is someone who copies the behavior of someone else.
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HEB 6 12 q8ry figs-metaphor κληρονομούντων τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 inherit the promises Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “receive what God promised them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 12 q8ry figs-metaphor κληρονομούντων τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 inherit the promises Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “who … receive what God promised them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 14 ymh2 λέγων 1 He said God said
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HEB 6 14 n47a figs-metonymy πληθύνων, πληθυνῶ σε 1 I will greatly increase you Here, **increase** stands for giving descendants. Alternate translation: “I will give you many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 6 17 rpv9 figs-metaphor τοῖς κληρονόμοις τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1 to the heirs of the promise The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “to those who would receive what he promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -289,7 +288,7 @@ HEB 6 18 gk6n figs-metaphor ἰσχυρὰν παράκλησιν ἔχωμεν,
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HEB 6 18 hs84 figs-activepassive προκειμένης 1 set before us You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that God has placed before us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 6 19 w66k 0 Connecting Statement: Having finished his third warning and encouragement to the believers, the writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.
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HEB 6 19 ng9i figs-metaphor ὡς ἄγκυραν…τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀσφαλῆ τε καὶ βεβαίαν 1 as a secure and reliable anchor for the soul Just as **an anchor** keeps a boat from drifting in the water, Jesus keeps us secure in God’s presence. Alternate translation: “that causes us to live securely in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 19 vdt3 figs-doublet ἄγκυραν ἔχομεν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀσφαλῆ τε καὶ βεβαίαν 1 a secure and reliable anchor Here the words **reliable** and **steadfast** mean basically the same thing and emphasize the complete reliability of the anchor. Alternate translation: “an anchor for the soul that is completely reliable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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||||
HEB 6 19 vdt3 figs-doublet ἄγκυραν…τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀσφαλῆ τε καὶ βεβαίαν 1 a secure and reliable anchor Here the words **reliable** and **steadfast** mean basically the same thing and emphasize the complete reliability of the anchor. Alternate translation: “an anchor for the soul that is completely reliable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 6 19 d223 figs-personification ἣν…καὶ εἰσερχομένην εἰς τὸ ἐσώτερον τοῦ καταπετάσματος 1 hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain Here, **which** refers back to our “hope” in the previous verse. This hope is spoken of as if it were a person who could go into the most holy place of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 6 19 aj2m figs-metaphor τὸ ἐσώτερον 1 the inner place The **inner place** was the most holy place in the temple. It was thought to be the place where God was most intensely present among his people. In this passage, this place stands for heaven and God’s throne room. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 6 20 zgj6 κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ 1 after the order of Melchizedek The **order of Melchizedek** means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”
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@ -297,22 +296,22 @@ HEB 7 intro y8j3 0 # Hebrews 7 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatti
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HEB 7 1 mwy8 0 Connecting Statement: The writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.
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HEB 7 1 rfc9 translate-names Σαλήμ 1 Salem **Salem** was the name of a city during the time of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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HEB 7 1 rx36 figs-explicit Ἀβραὰμ ὑποστρέφοντι ἀπὸ τῆς κοπῆς τῶν βασιλέων 1 Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings This is refers to when **Abraham** and his men went and defeated the armies of four kings in order to rescue his nephew, Lot, and his family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 7 2 q87x ᾧ 1 It was to him Alternate translation: “It was to Melchizedek”
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HEB 7 2 q87x ᾧ 1 It was to him Alternate translation: “and it was to Melchizedek”
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HEB 7 2 abh4 βασιλεὺς δικαιοσύνης…βασιλεὺς εἰρήνης 1 king of righteousness … king of peace Alternate translation: “righteous king … peaceful king”
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HEB 7 3 q4eh ἀπάτωρ, ἀμήτωρ, ἀγενεαλόγητος, μήτε ἀρχὴν ἡμερῶν, μήτε ζωῆς τέλος ἔχων 1 He is without father, without mother, without ancestors, with neither beginning of days nor end of life It is possible to think from this passage that Melchizedek was neither born nor did he die. However, it is likely that all the writer means is that the Scriptures provide no information about Melchizedek’s ancestry, birth, or death.
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HEB 7 4 h2bg 0 Connecting Statement: The writer states that the priesthood of Melchizedek is better than Aaron’s priesthood and then reminds them that the priesthood of Aaron did not make anything perfect.
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HEB 7 4 w2gg οὗτος 1 this man was Alternate translation: “Melchizedek was”
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HEB 7 5 l9zq figs-distinguish τῶν υἱῶν Λευεὶ τὴν ἱερατείαν λαμβάνοντες 1 The sons of Levi who receive the priesthood The author says this because not all of Levi’s **sons** became priests. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Levi who became priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
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HEB 7 5 l9zq figs-distinguish οἱ μὲν ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Λευεὶ τὴν ἱερατείαν λαμβάνοντες 1 The sons of Levi who receive the priesthood The author says this because not all of Levi’s **sons** became priests. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Levi who became priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
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HEB 7 5 hn3k τὸν λαὸν 1 from the people Alternate translation: “from the people of Israel”
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HEB 7 5 ri2y τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτῶν 1 from their brothers Here, **brothers** means they are all related to each other through Abraham. Alternate translation: “from their relatives”
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HEB 7 5 x4za figs-metaphor ἐξεληλυθότας ἐκ τῆς ὀσφύος Ἀβραάμ 1 they, too, have come from Abraham’s body The phrase **from the loins of Abraham** is a way of saying that they were descendants of Abraham. Alternate translation: “they, too, are descendants of Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 6 r2rs ὁ…μὴ γενεαλογούμενος ἐξ αὐτῶν 1 whose descent was not traced from them Alternate translation: “who was not a descendant of Levi”
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HEB 7 6 r2rs ὁ…μὴ γενεαλογούμενος ἐξ αὐτῶν 1 whose descent was not traced from them Alternate translation: “the one who was not a descendant of Levi”
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HEB 7 6 d2hq figs-metaphor τὸν ἔχοντα τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 the one who had the promises The things that God promised to do for Abraham are spoken of as if they were objects that he could possess. Alternate translation: “the one to whom God had spoken his promises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 7 k6pc figs-activepassive τὸ ἔλαττον ὑπὸ τοῦ κρείττονος εὐλογεῖται 1 the lesser person is blessed by the greater person You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the more important person blesses the less important person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 7 8 sf79 ὧδε μὲν…ἐκεῖ 1 In this case … in that case These phrases are used to compare the Levite priests with Melchizedek. Your language may have a way to emphasize that the author is making a comparison.
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HEB 7 8 c9zz figs-metaphor μαρτυρούμενος ὅτι ζῇ 1 is testified that he lives on It is never explicitly written in scripture that Melchizedek dies. The author of Hebrews speaks of this absence of information about Melchizedek’s death in scripture as if it were a positive statement that he is still alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 8 d1yr figs-activepassive μαρτυρούμενος ὅτι ζῇ 1 You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “scripture shows that he lives on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 7 9 v1yu figs-metaphor δι’ Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Λευεὶς, ὁ δεκάτας λαμβάνων, δεδεκάτωται 1 Levi, who received tithes, also paid tithes through Abraham Since **Levi** had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham’s body. In this way, the author argues that Levi **paid tithes** to Melchizedek through **Abraham**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 9 v1yu figs-metaphor δι’ Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Λευεὶς, ὁ δεκάτας λαμβάνων, δεδεκάτωται 1 Levi, who received tithes, also paid tithes through Abraham Since **Levi** had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham’s body when Abraham met Melchizedek. In this way, the author argues that Levi **paid tithes** to Melchizedek through **Abraham**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 10 g26s figs-metaphor ἔτι…ἐν τῇ ὀσφύϊ τοῦ πατρὸς ἦν 1 Levi was in the body of his ancestor Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham’s body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 11 kdb8 μὲν οὖν 1 Now Here, **So** is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
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HEB 7 11 wgp5 figs-rquestion τίς ἔτι χρεία κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ, ἕτερον ἀνίστασθαι ἱερέα, καὶ οὐ κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Ἀαρὼν λέγεσθαι? 1 what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the manner of Melchizedek, and not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron? This question emphasizes that it was unexpected that priests come after **the order of Melchizedek**. Alternate translation: “no one would have needed another priest, one who was like Melchizedek and not like Aaron, to arise.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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@ -329,16 +328,16 @@ HEB 7 15 i17g 0 General Information: This quote comes from a psalm of King Dav
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HEB 7 15 jn1p περισσότερον ἔτι κατάδηλόν ἐστιν 1 What we say is clearer yet Alternate translation: “we can understand even more clearly”
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HEB 7 15 md9i εἰ…ἀνίσταται ἱερεὺς ἕτερος 1 if another priest arises Alternate translation: “if another priest comes”
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HEB 7 15 z1yl κατὰ τὴν ὁμοιότητα Μελχισέδεκ 1 in the likeness of Melchizedek This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”
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HEB 7 16 fr4a ὃς οὐ κατὰ νόμον…γέγονεν 1 It was not based on the law Alternate translation: “his becoming priest was not based on the law”
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HEB 7 16 fr4a ὃς οὐ κατὰ νόμον…γέγονεν 1 It was not based on the law Alternate translation: “his becoming priest was not based on a law”
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HEB 7 16 erq7 figs-metonymy νόμον ἐντολῆς σαρκίνης 1 the law of fleshly descent The idea of human descent is spoken of as if it had only to do with the flesh of one’s body. Alternate translation: “the law of human descent” or “the law about priests’ descendants becoming priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 7 17 xmj8 figs-personification μαρτυρεῖται γὰρ 1 For scripture witnesses about him This speaks about scripture as if it were a person who could witness about something. Alternate translation: “For God witnesses about him through the scriptures” or “For this is what was written about him in the scripture” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 7 17 g6zd κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ 1 according to the order of Melchizedek There were two groups of priests. One was made up of the descendants of Levi. The other was made up of **Melchizedek** and Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “according to the line of Melchizedek” or “according to the priesthood of Melchizedek”
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HEB 7 19 ia8j figs-personification οὐδὲν…ἐτελείωσεν ὁ νόμος 1 the law made nothing perfect Here, **the law** is spoken of as if it were a person who could act. Alternate translation: “no one could become perfect by obeying the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 7 19 stc2 figs-activepassive ἐπεισαγωγὴ…κρείττονος ἐλπίδος 1 a better hope is introduced You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God has introduced a better hope” or “God has given us reason for a more confident hope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 7 19 c9tz figs-metaphor δι’ ἧς ἐγγίζομεν τῷ Θεῷ 1 through which we come near to God Worshiping God and having his favor are spoken of coming **near** to him. Alternate translation: “and because of this hope we approach God” or “and because of this hope we worship God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 19 c9tz figs-metaphor δι’ ἧς ἐγγίζομεν τῷ Θεῷ 1 through which we come near to God Worshiping God and having his favor are spoken of as to **come near** to him. Alternate translation: “and because of this hope we approach God” or “and because of this hope we worship God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 7 20 f3cd 0 General Information: This quote comes from the same psalm of David as [Hebrews 7:17](../07/17.md).
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HEB 7 20 vf69 figs-explicit καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας 1 And it was not without an oath! You can state this clearly who made the oath. Alternate translation: “And God did not choose this new priest without swearing an oath!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 7 20 ziqe figs-doublenegatives καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας 1 The double negative emphasizes that Jesus became a priest through an oath. Alternate translation: “And it was because God swore an oath that the Lord became the new priest!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 7 20 vf69 figs-explicit καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας 1 And it was not without an oath! You can state this clearly who made this **oath**. Alternate translation: “And God did not choose this new priest without swearing an oath!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 7 20 ziqe figs-doublenegatives καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας 1 The double negative **not without** emphasizes that Jesus became a priest through an oath. Alternate translation: “And it was because God swore an oath that the Lord became the new priest!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 7 22 h462 0 Connecting Statement: The writer then assures these Jewish believers that Christ has the better priesthood because he lives forever and the priests that descended from Aaron all died.
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HEB 7 22 e23d κρείττονος διαθήκης, γέγονεν ἔγγυος 1 has given the guarantee of a better covenant Alternate translation: “has told us that we can be sure that there will be a better covenant”
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HEB 7 24 u941 figs-abstractnouns ἀπαράβατον ἔχει τὴν ἱερωσύνην 1 he has a permanent priesthood A priest’s work is spoken of as if it were an object that Jesus possesses. This can be worded to avoid the abstract noun **priesthood**. Alternate translation: “he is a priest permanently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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@ -375,14 +374,14 @@ HEB 8 6 aw58 figs-activepassive ἥτις ἐπὶ κρείττοσιν ἐπα
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HEB 8 7 wb9d translate-ordinal ἡ πρώτη…δευτέρας 1 first covenant … second covenant The words **first** and **second** are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: “old covenant … for a new covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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HEB 8 7 gig6 ἦν ἄμεμπτος 1 had been faultless Alternate translation: “had been perfect”
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HEB 8 8 ya4n 0 General Information: In this quotation the prophet Jeremiah foretold of a new covenant that God would make.
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HEB 8 8 sqb4 αὐτοῖς 1 with the people AT: “with the people of Israel”
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HEB 8 8 sqb4 αὐτοῖς 1 with the people Alternate translation: “with the people of Israel”
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HEB 8 8 xhp8 ἰδοὺ 1 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
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HEB 8 8 c6zm figs-metaphor τὸν οἶκον Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰούδα 1 the house of Israel and with the house of Judah The people of **Israel** and **Judah** are spoken of as if they were houses. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel and with the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 9 dde5 figs-metaphor ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν, ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου 1 I took them by their hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt This metaphor represents God’s great love and concern. Alternate translation: “when I led them out of Egypt like a father leads his young child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 9 dde5 figs-metaphor ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν, ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου 1 I took them by their hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt This metaphor represents God’s great love and concern as if he were holding their hands in order to physically **lead them out** of **Egypt**. Alternate translation: “when I led them out of Egypt like a father leads his young child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 10 fh1c 0 General Information: This is a quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.
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HEB 8 10 k2ew figs-metaphor τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραὴλ 1 the house of Israel The people of **Israel** are spoken of as if they were a **house**. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 10 q78u μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας 1 after those days Alternate translation: “after that time”
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HEB 8 10 gbw3 figs-metaphor διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν 1 I will put my laws into their minds God’s requirements are spoken of as if they were objects that could be placed somewhere. People’s ability to think is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “I will enable them to understand my laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 10 gbw3 figs-metaphor διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν 1 I will put my laws into their minds God’s **laws** are spoken of as if they were objects that could be placed somewhere. People’s ability to think is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “I will enable them to understand my laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 10 e45g figs-metonymy ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν ἐπιγράψω αὐτούς 1 I will also write them on their hearts Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 8 10 ojsy figs-metaphor ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν ἐπιγράψω αὐτούς 1 The phrase **write them on their hearts** is a metaphor for enabling people to obey the law. Alternate translation: “I will also put them in their hearts” or “I will enable them to obey my law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 8 10 hs53 ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεόν 1 I will be their God Alternate translation: “I will be the God they worship”
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@ -390,7 +389,7 @@ HEB 8 10 xgm3 αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν 1 they will
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HEB 8 11 lsq6 0 General Information: This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.
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HEB 8 11 jl1h figs-quotations οὐ μὴ διδάξωσιν ἕκαστος τὸν πολίτην αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστος τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ λέγων, γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον 1 They will not teach each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord.’ You can state this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “they will not need to teach their neighbors or brothers to know me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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HEB 8 11 wne2 figs-doublet τὸν πολίτην…τὸν ἀδελφὸν 1 neighbor … brother Both **fellow citizen** and **brother** mean the same thing and refer to fellow Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 8 11 q5ki figs-metonymy γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον…πάντες εἰδήσουσίν με 1 Know the Lord … will all know me **Know** here stands for acknowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 8 11 q5ki figs-metonymy γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον…πάντες εἰδήσουσίν με 1 Know the Lord … will all know me **Know** here stands for acknowledging God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 8 12 cu1b figs-metonymy ταῖς ἀδικίαις αὐτῶν 1 toward their evil deeds Here, **evil deeds** stands for the people who committed these evil deeds. Alternate translation: “to those who did evil deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 8 12 a1xr figs-metonymy τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι 1 their sins I will not remember any longer Here, **remember** stands for “think about.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 intro p8vy 0 # Hebrews 9 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter describes how Jesus is better than the temple and all its laws and rules. This chapter will be difficult to understand if the first five books of the Old Testament have not yet been translated.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Will<br><br>A will is a legal document that describes what will happen to a person’s property after he dies.<br><br>### Blood<br><br>In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal’s body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### Return of Christ<br><br>Jesus will return to finish the work that he began when he died so that God would forgive his people’s sins. He will finish saving those people who are waiting for him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### First covenant<br><br>This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made this covenant, God had made a covenant with Abraham. But this was the first covenant that God had made with the people of Israel. You may decide to translate “the first covenant” as “the earlier covenant.”
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@ -400,20 +399,20 @@ HEB 9 1 d3vs ἡ πρώτη 1 first covenant See how you translated **first cov
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HEB 9 1 pw63 εἶχε…δικαιώματα 1 had regulations Alternate translation: “had detailed instructions” or “had rules”
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HEB 9 2 e3em γὰρ 1 For The author is continuing the discussion from [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
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||||
HEB 9 2 f6k7 figs-activepassive σκηνὴ…κατεσκευάσθη 1 a tabernacle was prepared A **tabernacle** was constructed and made ready for use. You can state this idea in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelites prepared a tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 9 2 t13a ἥ τε λυχνία καὶ ἡ τράπεζα, καὶ ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων 1 the lampstand, the table, and the bread of the presence These objects are all accompanied by the definite article **the**, because the author assumes that his readers already know about these things.
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HEB 9 2 gw3p figs-abstractnouns ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων 1 bread of the presence This can be reworded so that the abstract noun **presentation** is expressed as the verb “display” or “present.” Alternate translation: “the bread on display before God” or “the bread the priests presented to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 9 2 t13a ἥ τε λυχνία καὶ ἡ τράπεζα, καὶ ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων 1 the lampstand, the table, and the bread of the presence These objects are all accompanied by the definite article **the**, because these are specific things that the author assumes that his readers already know about.
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HEB 9 2 gw3p figs-abstractnouns ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων 1 bread of the presence You can reworded the abstract noun **presentation** to express it with the verb “display” or “present.” Alternate translation: “the bread on display before God” or “the bread the priests presented to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 9 3 j7w3 μετὰ…τὸ δεύτερον καταπέτασμα 1 Behind the second curtain The first curtain was the outer wall of the tabernacle, so the **second curtain** was the curtain between the “holy place” and the “most holy place.”
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HEB 9 3 ssr9 translate-ordinal δεύτερον 1 second The word **second** is the ordinal word for number two. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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HEB 9 4 kt3u ἐν ᾗ 1 Inside it Alternate translation: “inside the ark of the covenant”
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HEB 9 4 kt3u ἐν ᾗ 1 Inside it Alternate translation: “inside the ark of the covenant was”
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HEB 9 4 jj9y figs-explicit ἡ ῥάβδος Ἀαρὼν ἡ βλαστήσασα 1 Aaron’s rod that budded This was the **rod** that **Aaron** had when God proved to the people of Israel that he had chosen Aaron as his priest by making Aaron’s rod bud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 9 4 md1f ἡ βλαστήσασα 1 that budded Alternate translation: “from which leaves and flowers had grown”
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HEB 9 4 q9w3 αἱ πλάκες τῆς διαθήκης 1 tablets of the covenant Here, **tablets** are flat pieces of stone that had writing on them. This refers to the stone tablets on which the ten commandments were written.
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HEB 9 5 ue5q Χερουβεὶν δόξης κατασκιάζοντα τὸ ἱλαστήριον 1 glorious cherubim overshadowed the atonement lid When the Israelites were making the ark of the covenant, God commanded them to carve two **cherubim** facing each other, with their wings touching, over the **atonement lid** of the ark of the covenant. Here they are spoken of as providing shade for the ark of the covenant. Alternate translation: “glorious cherubim covered the atonement lid with their wings”
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HEB 9 5 fh6g figs-metonymy Χερουβεὶν 1 cherubim Here, **cherubim** refers to the carved figures of two cherubim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 6 mra7 figs-activepassive τούτων…οὕτως κατεσκευασμένων 1 After these things were prepared You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “after the priests prepared these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 9 7 xs9l figs-doublenegatives οὐ χωρὶς αἵματος 1 not without blood You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “enters, and he always brings blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 9 7 xs9l figs-doublenegatives οὐ χωρὶς αἵματος 1 not without blood You can state the double negative **not without** in positive form. Alternate translation: “enters, and he always brings blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 9 7 xtk5 αἵματος 1 blood This is the **blood** of the bull and goat that the high priest had to sacrifice on the Day of Atonement.
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HEB 9 8 a26f τῶν ἁγίων 1 the most holy place This could refer to: (1) the inner room of the tabernacle on earth. (2) God’s presence in heaven.
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HEB 9 8 a26f τῶν ἁγίων 1 the most holy place Here, **the holy place** could refer to: (1) the inner room of the tabernacle on earth. (2) God’s presence in heaven.
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HEB 9 8 e14c figs-metonymy ἔτι τῆς πρώτης σκηνῆς ἐχούσης στάσιν 1 the first tabernacle was still standing This could mean: (1) the outer room of the **tabernacle** was still standing. (2) the earthly **tabernacle** and the sacrificial system still existed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 9 cu76 ἥτις παραβολὴ 1 This was an illustration Alternate translation: “and this first tabernacle is a picture”
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HEB 9 9 fl6i εἰς τὸν καιρὸν τὸν ἐνεστηκότα 1 for the present time Alternate translation: “for now”
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@ -426,28 +425,28 @@ HEB 9 11 da2i τῶν…ἀγαθῶν 1 good things Here, **good things** does
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HEB 9 11 czx6 τῆς μείζονος καὶ τελειοτέρας σκηνῆς 1 the greater and more perfect tabernacle This refers to the heavenly tent or **tabernacle**, which is more important and more perfect than the earthly tabernacle.
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HEB 9 11 lxw8 figs-activepassive οὐ χειροποιήτου 1 that was not made by human hands You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that humans hands did not make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 9 11 mtj9 figs-synecdoche χειροποιήτου 1 human hands Here, **hands** refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “humans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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HEB 9 12 wp9n figs-metaphor ἅγια 1 most holy place God’s presence in heaven is spoken of as if it were the most **holy place**, the innermost room in the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 12 wp9n figs-metaphor ἅγια 1 most holy place God’s presence in heaven is spoken of as if it were the **holy place**, the innermost room in the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 13 ch3c σποδὸς δαμάλεως, ῥαντίζουσα τοὺς κεκοινωμένους 1 sprinkling of a heifer’s ashes on those who have become unclean The priest would throw small amounts of the **ashes** on the **unclean** people.
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HEB 9 13 seb3 figs-metonymy πρὸς τὴν τῆς σαρκὸς καθαρότητα 1 for the cleansing of their flesh Here, **flesh** refers to the entire body. Alternate translation: “for the cleansing of their bodies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 14 t58w figs-exclamations πόσῳ μᾶλλον τὸ αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὃς διὰ Πνεύματος αἰωνίου, ἑαυτὸν προσήνεγκεν ἄμωμον τῷ Θεῷ, καθαριεῖ τὴν συνείδησιν ὑμῶν ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων, εἰς τὸ λατρεύειν Θεῷ ζῶντι! 1 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, cleanse our conscience from dead works to serve the living God? The author uses this exclamation to emphasize that Christ’s sacrifice was the most powerful. Alternate translation: “then certainly Christ’s blood will cleanse our conscience even more from dead works to serve the living God! Because, through the eternal Spirit, he offered himself without blemish to God!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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HEB 9 14 r22p figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 the blood of Christ The **blood** of Christ refers to his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 14 xj6g figs-metaphor ἄμωμον 1 without blemish This is a small sin or moral fault spoken of here as if it were a small, unusual spot or defect on Christ’s body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 14 xj6g figs-metaphor ἄμωμον 1 without blemish A **blemish** is a small sin or moral fault spoken of here as if it were a small, unusual spot or defect on Christ’s body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 14 rkh4 figs-metonymy τὴν συνείδησιν ὑμῶν 1 cleanse our conscience Here, **conscience** refers to a person’s feeling of guilt. Believers no longer have to feel guilty for the sins they have committed because Jesus sacrificed himself and has forgiven them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 14 suu7 figs-metaphor καθαριεῖ 1 cleanse Here, **cleanse** stands for the action of relieving our consciences from guilt for the sins we have committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 14 zbj1 figs-metaphor νεκρῶν ἔργων 1 dead works Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the **dead**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 15 x3xr διὰ τοῦτο 1 For this reason Alternate translation: “as a result” or “because of this”
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HEB 9 15 p2kg διαθήκης καινῆς μεσίτης ἐστίν 1 he is the mediator of a new covenant This means Christ caused the **new covenant** between God and humans to exist.
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HEB 9 15 p2kg διαθήκης καινῆς μεσίτης ἐστίν 1 he is the mediator of a new covenant Here being a **mediator** means Christ caused the **new covenant** between God and humans to exist.
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HEB 9 15 q3x3 τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ 1 first covenant See how you translated **first covenant** in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
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HEB 9 15 z29a figs-metonymy εἰς ἀπολύτρωσιν τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ παραβάσεων 1 to free those under the first covenant from their sins Here, **their transgressions** is a metonym for: (1) the guilt of their transgressions. Alternate translation: “to take away the guilt of those who were under the first covenant” (2) the punishment for their transgressions. Alternate translation: “to take away the punishment for the transgressions of those who were under the first covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 15 ve3v figs-activepassive οἱ κεκλημένοι 1 those who are called You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom God has chosen to be his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 9 15 xb9f figs-metaphor τῆς αἰωνίου κληρονομίας 1 inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 9 16 um9a θάνατον ἀνάγκη φέρεσθαι τοῦ διαθεμένου 1 the death of the person who made it must be proven You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must prove that the person who made the will has died”
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HEB 9 18 wpf1 figs-activepassive ὅθεν οὐδ’ ἡ πρώτη χωρὶς αἵματος ἐνκεκαίνισται 1 So not even the first covenant was established without blood You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “So God did not even establish the first covenant without blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 9 18 m9c3 figs-doublenegatives ὅθεν οὐδ’ ἡ πρώτη χωρὶς αἵματος ἐνκεκαίνισται 1 You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “So God established even the first covenant with blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 9 18 m9c3 figs-doublenegatives ὅθεν οὐδ’ ἡ πρώτη χωρὶς αἵματος ἐνκεκαίνισται 1 You can state the double negative **not even … without** in positive form. Alternate translation: “So God established even the first covenant with blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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HEB 9 18 kq87 πρώτη 1 first covenant See how you translated **first covenant** in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
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HEB 9 18 v838 figs-metonymy αἵματος 1 blood The death of animals sacrificed to God is spoken of as if it were nothing but **blood**. Alternate translation: “the death of animals sacrificed to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 19 zl2n translate-symaction λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα τῶν μόσχων, καὶ τῶν τράγων, μετὰ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου, καὶ ὑσσώπου, αὐτό τε τὸ βιβλίον καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν, ἐράντισεν 1 took the blood … with water … and sprinkled … the scroll … and all the people The priest dipped the **hyssop** in the **blood** and the **water** and then shook the hyssop so drops of blood and water would fall on the scroll and on the **people**. Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. Here the scroll and the people’s acceptability to God are renewed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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HEB 9 19 tgc2 ὑσσώπου 1 hyssop a woody shrub with flowers in summer, used in ceremonial sprinkling
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HEB 9 19 tgc2 ὑσσώπου 1 hyssop Hyssop was a woody shrub with flowers in summer, used in ceremonial sprinkling.
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HEB 9 20 j7en figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης 1 the blood of the covenant Here, **blood** refers to the death of the animals sacrificed to carry out the covenant’s requirements. Alternate translation: “the death of the animals that brings into effect the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 9 21 k6dm ἐράντισεν 1 he sprinkled Alternate translation: “Moses sprinkled”
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HEB 9 21 l27v translate-symaction ἐράντισεν 1 sprinkled Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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