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Added "Alternate translation:" labels as needed. (#2419)
Co-authored-by: Larry Sallee <larry.sallee@unfoldingword.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2419
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en_tn_18-JOB.tsv
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en_tn_18-JOB.tsv
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@ -3,25 +3,25 @@ JOB front intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job<br>## Part 1: General Introducti
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JOB 1 intro lym1 0 # Job 1 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter introduces a story about a man named Job who lives during a time long before the author.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Wealth<br>Job is very rich. During his time, a man’s wealth is measured by the number of animals he owns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Feasts<br>Job is a very godly man and celebrates Yahweh’s provision by having feasts. It must be remembered that Job lives prior to the law of Moses, so his religious practices are different than the Hebrew people after Moses. The events of this book occur about the same time as the life of Abraham. Therefore, this book corresponds more with Genesis 12-50 than the rest of the Old Testament. (See:[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Job’s faith<br>Satan believes that Job’s faith is based on Yahweh’s blessings. He challenges Yahweh to remove these blessings from Job’s life because he thinks that Job will no longer trust in Yahweh if this happens. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
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JOB 1 1 k5g4 translate-names 0 land of Uz Possible locations are: (1) a place in ancient Edom east of the Jordan River in modern western Jordan or (2) a place east of the Euphrates River in modern Iran. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOB 1 1 r5aj figs-doublet 0 blameless and upright The words “blameless” and “upright” share similar meanings and emphasize that Job was a righteous man. Alternate translation: “one who did what was right before God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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JOB 1 1 qj15 0 one who feared God “one who honored God”
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JOB 1 1 qj15 0 one who feared God Alternate translation: “one who honored God”
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JOB 1 1 y3ar figs-metaphor 0 turned from evil Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place that a person could avoid going to, instead of the doing of evil actions. Alternate translation: “refused to do evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOB 1 2 ntr7 translate-numbers 0 seven sons and three daughters “7 sons and 3 daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOB 1 3 t1ua translate-numbers 0 He possessed seven thousand sheep “He had 7,000 sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOB 1 3 mmd3 translate-numbers 0 three thousand camels “3,000 camels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOB 1 3 l5f2 translate-numbers 0 five hundred pairs of oxen “500 pairs of oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOB 1 3 x4bu 0 the greatest “the richest”
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JOB 1 3 x4bu 0 the greatest Alternate translation: “the richest”
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JOB 1 3 csw9 figs-explicit 0 all the people of the East The refers to places that were east of Canaan. Alternate translation: “all the people who live in lands that were east of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOB 1 4 i4lf 0 On each son’s assigned day, he would give The word “day” perhaps refers to the day when they celebrated the son’s birth. But it at least refers to the idea that the sons each took a turn in holding a feast. Alternate translation: “On each son’s birthday, the son would give” or “Each son in turn would give”
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JOB 1 4 ey91 0 he would give … They would send and call for “he habitually gave … They habitually sent and called for “
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JOB 1 4 x3v2 0 with them The word “them” refers to the seven sons and the three daughters but does not include Job.
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JOB 1 5 ik8z 0 Job would send … he would consecrate … He would rise early in the morning and offer … he would say “he habitually gave … They habitually sent and called for … Job habitually sent … he habitually consecrated … He habitually rose early in the morning and offered … he habitually said”
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JOB 1 5 s2c6 0 When the days of the feast were over “When the feast was over” or “After the feast”
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JOB 1 5 w9xc 0 Job would send for them “Job habitually sent someone to call them to come to him”
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JOB 1 5 ik8z 0 Job would send … he would consecrate … He would rise early in the morning and offer … he would say Alternate translation: “he habitually gave … They habitually sent and called for … Job habitually sent … he habitually consecrated … He habitually rose early in the morning and offered … he habitually said”
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JOB 1 5 s2c6 0 When the days of the feast were over Alternate translation: “When the feast was over” or “After the feast”
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JOB 1 5 w9xc 0 Job would send for them Alternate translation: “Job habitually sent someone to call them to come to him”
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JOB 1 5 k14m 0 he would consecrate them Here “consecrate” means to ask God to take away any ritual impurities that Job’s children might have brought upon themselves as they happily feasted together. Job did this by making sacrifices to God for them.
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JOB 1 5 du2j figs-metonymy 0 cursed God in their hearts Their “hearts” represent their thoughts. Often such thoughts could come unintentionally, without the person wanting to think them. Alternate translation: “cursed God in their thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 1 6 i5iw 0 Then it was the day when “At the time when” or “One day when.” This is not a specific day but apparently the gathering happened often.
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JOB 1 6 n2re 0 sons of God This refers to angels, heavenly beings.
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JOB 1 6 uwv6 0 to present themselves before Yahweh “to stand together before Yahweh as he commanded them to do.”
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JOB 1 6 uwv6 0 to present themselves before Yahweh Alternate translation: “to stand together before Yahweh as he commanded them to do.”
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JOB 1 6 k7e8 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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JOB 1 7 plj3 figs-parallelism 0 From wandering on the earth, from going back and forth on it The phrases “wandering” and “going back and forth” refer to the activity of traveling all over the earth in order to emphasize its completeness. Alternate translation: “From going everywhere on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
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JOB 1 8 s9h2 figs-rquestion 0 Have you considered my servant Job? “Have you thought about my servant Job?” Here God is beginning to talk with Satan about Job. Alternate translation: “Consider my servant Job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ JOB 1 8 n9a8 0 one who fears God “one who honors God.” See how you transla
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JOB 1 9 i5tn figs-rquestion 0 Does Job fear God without reason? “Does Job respect God for no reason?” Satan responds to God by presenting and answering his own question. He says that Job obeys God only because God blesses him. Alternate translation: “Job has a reason for obeying God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOB 1 10 f5z2 figs-rquestion 0 Have you not put a barrier around him, around his house, and around all that is his from every side Satan states the facts to support his argument. Alternate translation: “You have protected him, his family and everything he owns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOB 1 10 r7xt figs-metaphor 0 put a barrier around him, around his house, and around all that is his from every side Just as a barrier such as a wall or a hedge surrounds and protects one’s land, God has surrounded Job with his protection. Alternate translation: “protected him and his house and all that is his” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOB 1 10 l9et 0 the deeds of his hands “everything that he does”
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JOB 1 10 xg3q 0 his cattle have burst forth in the land “he has more and more livestock in the land”
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JOB 1 10 l9et 0 the deeds of his hands Alternate translation: “everything that he does”
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JOB 1 10 xg3q 0 his cattle have burst forth in the land Alternate translation: “he has more and more livestock in the land”
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JOB 1 11 k6w4 0 But now stretch out your hand and touch all that he has, and see if he does not curse you to your face Satan means that if God attacks Job, he will see how Job responds. Alternate translation: “But now, if you stretch out your hand and touch all that he has, you will see that he will curse you to your face”
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JOB 1 11 y4qi figs-metonymy 0 But now stretch out your hand Here “hand” refers to God’s power to act. “But now use your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 1 11 ax31 figs-metonymy 0 touch all that he has Here “touch” represents the action of harming or destroying. Alternate translation: “attack all that he has” or “destroy all that he has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 1 11 bn3v 0 to your face “in your hearing.” This refers to a time when God is paying attention.
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JOB 1 12 d2uy 0 Behold “Look” or “Pay attention to all that I am about to tell you”
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JOB 1 12 d2uy 0 Behold Alternate translation: “Look” or “Pay attention to all that I am about to tell you”
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JOB 1 12 bul4 figs-metonymy 0 all that he has is in your hand Here “hand” represents someone’s power to control something. Alternate translation: “you have power over all that he has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 1 12 b94v 0 against him himself “against his life”
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JOB 1 12 gn4s 0 went away from the presence of Yahweh “departed from Yahweh” or “left Yahweh”
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JOB 1 12 b94v 0 against him himself Alternate translation: “against his life”
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JOB 1 12 gn4s 0 went away from the presence of Yahweh Alternate translation: “departed from Yahweh” or “left Yahweh”
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JOB 1 15 s7b7 translate-names 0 the Sabeans This refers to a people in a region in modern day Yemen. Here it represents a group of raiders or bandits. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 1 15 eib3 figs-metaphor 0 fell on them Here “fell” represents the idea of attacking. Alternate translation: “attacked them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOB 1 15 jw7q figs-metonymy 0 have struck Here striking represents killing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ JOB 1 16 p6dx figs-ellipsis 0 another also came This refers to another messenge
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JOB 1 16 bpd8 0 I alone have escaped to tell you See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md).
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JOB 1 17 mu5j figs-metaphor 0 As for the servants, they have struck them with the edge of the sword. I alone have escaped to tell you Here “edge” represents the part of swords that kill people, that is, either the point or the sharp edge. Also, all the swords of the Chaldeans are spoken of as if they were only one sword. See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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JOB 1 18 s99m 0 Your sons and your daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house See how you translated this in [Job 1:13](../01/13.md).
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JOB 1 19 l53s 0 A strong wind “A tornado” or “A desert storm”
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JOB 1 19 vau5 0 the four corners of the house “the structural supports of the house”
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JOB 1 19 t6zp 0 It fell on the young people “The house fell on your sons and daughters”
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JOB 1 19 l53s 0 A strong wind Alternate translation: “A tornado” or “A desert storm”
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JOB 1 19 vau5 0 the four corners of the house Alternate translation: “the structural supports of the house”
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JOB 1 19 t6zp 0 It fell on the young people Alternate translation: “The house fell on your sons and daughters”
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JOB 1 19 s3kd 0 I alone have escaped to tell you See how you translated this in [Job 1:15](../01/15.md).
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JOB 1 20 d1w8 translate-symaction 0 tore his robe, shaved his head These were ritual mourning actions, symbolizing deep grief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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JOB 1 21 wph4 0 I was naked when I came out of my mother’s womb, and I will be naked when I will return there “At my birth, I brought nothing into the world, and at my death I will return to the earth with nothing”
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JOB 1 22 l3ef 0 In all this matter “Regarding all this that happened”
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JOB 1 22 xns1 0 accuse God of wrongdoing “say that God had done wrong”
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JOB 1 21 wph4 0 I was naked when I came out of my mother’s womb, and I will be naked when I will return there Alternate translation: “At my birth, I brought nothing into the world, and at my death I will return to the earth with nothing”
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JOB 1 22 l3ef 0 In all this matter Alternate translation: “Regarding all this that happened”
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JOB 1 22 xns1 0 accuse God of wrongdoing Alternate translation: “say that God had done wrong”
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JOB 2 intro ke5i 0 # Job 2 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter repeats the concepts of the previous chapter, but this time it is more severe. After losing his wealth, Job’s health is taken from him. His wife also begins to encourage Job to sin by cursing Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
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JOB 2 1 rz1x 0 General Information: This verse is almost exactly the same as [Job 1:6](../01/06.md) and can probably be translated in the same way.
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JOB 2 1 r1zs 0 Then it was the day See how you translated this in [Job 1:6](../01/06.md).
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@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ JOB 2 3 t8ds 0 General Information: This verse is the same as [Job 1:8](../01/
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JOB 2 3 d12l figs-rquestion 0 Have you considered my servant Job? This rhetorical question actually makes a statement.See how you translated this in [Job 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “Consider my servant Job.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOB 2 3 uz5k figs-doublet 0 a blameless and upright man The words “blameless” and “upright” share similar meanings and emphasize that Job was a righteous man. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Job 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “one who did what was right before God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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JOB 2 3 eq69 0 one who fears God and turns away from evil See how you translated this in [Job 1:1](../01/01.md).
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JOB 2 3 awm6 0 still holds fast to his integrity “remains completely dedicated to doing what is good and right”
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JOB 2 3 khj6 0 misled me against him “persuaded me without cause to attack him”
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JOB 2 3 awm6 0 still holds fast to his integrity Alternate translation: “remains completely dedicated to doing what is good and right”
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JOB 2 3 khj6 0 misled me against him Alternate translation: “persuaded me without cause to attack him”
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JOB 2 3 p2iq 0 to destroy him Here “destroy” represents “make poor.” Alternate translation: “to make him a poor man”
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JOB 2 4 s8ua figs-metonymy 0 Skin for skin, indeed “Skin” here is a metonym for Job’s life. Alternate translation: “A person will do anything to save his own life, even accept the loss of possessions and loved ones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 2 5 d2rf 0 But stretch out your hand now and touch his bones and his flesh, and see if he does not curse you to your face Satan means that if God attacks Job, he will see how Job responds. Alternate translation: “But now, if you stretch out your hand and touch his bones and his flesh, you will see that he will curse you to your face”
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@ -79,21 +79,21 @@ JOB 2 5 qau8 figs-synecdoche 0 his bones and his flesh This expression represen
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JOB 2 5 i3ij 0 curse you to your face See how you translated this in [Job 1:11](../01/11.md).
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JOB 2 5 b5lr figs-metaphor 0 to your face This refers to a time when God is paying attention. Alternate translation: “in your hearing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOB 2 7 fj98 0 Then Satan went away from the presence of Yahweh See how you translated this in [Job 1:12](../01/12.md).
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JOB 2 7 gtz9 0 He struck Job with painful boils “He caused Job to suffer greatly with painful boils”
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JOB 2 7 gtz9 0 He struck Job with painful boils Alternate translation: “He caused Job to suffer greatly with painful boils”
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JOB 2 7 ts4r 0 painful boils large, itching and painful skin infections
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JOB 2 8 k22q 0 a piece of broken pottery to scrape himself The scraping scratches the skin to lessen the itch.
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JOB 2 8 f72v figs-euphemism 0 sat down in the middle of ashes This probably refers to a place where trash and garbage were dumped and perhaps burned. Sitting in such a place was a sign of deep mourning. Alternate translation: “sat on the trash heap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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JOB 2 9 v1yj figs-rquestion 0 Do you still hold fast to your integrity? This rhetorical question represents a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not still be holding fast to your integrity.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOB 2 9 wgb4 0 Curse God “Reject God”
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JOB 2 10 p6a8 0 You talk as a foolish woman “You talk the way a stupid woman talks”
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JOB 2 9 wgb4 0 Curse God Alternate translation: “Reject God”
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JOB 2 10 p6a8 0 You talk as a foolish woman Alternate translation: “You talk the way a stupid woman talks”
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JOB 2 10 hrr4 figs-rquestion 0 Should we receive the good from God and not receive the bad? This rhetorical question represents a statement. Alternate translation: “We should certainly receive the bad from God as well as the good.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOB 2 10 i8pq 0 receive the good “benefit from all the good things”
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JOB 2 10 i8pq 0 receive the good Alternate translation: “benefit from all the good things”
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JOB 2 10 ltp4 figs-genericnoun 0 the good This represents all the good things that God gives us. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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JOB 2 10 gz46 0 receive the bad “suffer all the bad things without complaining”
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JOB 2 10 gz46 0 receive the bad Alternate translation: “suffer all the bad things without complaining”
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JOB 2 10 kiz6 figs-genericnoun 0 the bad This represents all the bad things that God makes or allows us to experience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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JOB 2 10 wj2i figs-metonymy 0 sin with his lips Here “lips” represents the act of speaking. Alternate translation: “sin by speaking against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOB 2 11 c4dm translate-names 0 Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar are men’s names. Teman was a city in Edom. Shuhites are the decedents of Abraham and Keturah. Naamah was a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOB 2 11 s59z 0 set a time “agreed on a time”
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JOB 2 11 s59z 0 set a time Alternate translation: “agreed on a time”
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JOB 2 11 en96 figs-doublet 0 to mourn with him and to comfort him Here the words “mourn with” and “comfort” share similar meanings. The friends try to comfort Job by mourning with him. Alternate translation: “to grieve with Job in order to help ease his suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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JOB 2 12 fu87 figs-idiom 0 they lifted up their eyes This is an idiom that means “they looked intently” or “they looked carefully.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOB 2 12 kle6 0 they did not recognize him This probably means that Job’s visitors did not recognize him at first, when they saw him at a distance. Job looked very different than usual because of his grief and because of the sores covering his body. Alternate translation: “they barely recognized him”
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ JOB 3 5 ci87 figs-metaphor 0 May a cloud live over it Here a cloud is spoken of
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JOB 3 5 tz1j figs-metaphor 0 everything that makes the day black This refers to things that block out the sun’s light and create darkness. Here “black” represents darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOB 3 5 j4if figs-personification 0 terrify it “terrify that day.” The day is spoken of as if it were a person who could be terrified by the darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOB 3 6 g44b figs-personification 0 may thick darkness seize it This darkness is again spoken of as if it were a person who could grasp and hold the night. Alternate translation: “may thick darkness make it disappear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOB 3 6 mfe2 0 thick darkness “deep darkness” or “complete darkness”
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JOB 3 6 mfe2 0 thick darkness Alternate translation: “deep darkness” or “complete darkness”
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JOB 3 6 hgn9 figs-personification 0 May it not rejoice The word “it” refers to the night of Job’s birth or conception. The night of Job’s conception is spoken of as if it were a person who should not rejoice. Alternate translation: “May that night vanish from the calendar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOB 3 6 d2mp figs-personification 0 may it not come into the number That night is spoken of as if it were a person who could walk. Alternate translation: “may no one count it in the number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOB 3 7 sh3e figs-personification 0 may that night be barren The night of Job’s birth is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: “may no child be born on that night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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@ -137,17 +137,17 @@ JOB 3 12 j91k figs-rquestion 0 Why did her breasts receive me so that I should
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JOB 3 13 aal1 figs-hypo 0 Job begins talking about what would have been true if he had never been born. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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JOB 3 13 v6g8 figs-parallelism 0 For now I would have been lying down quietly. I would have slept and been at rest Job uses two sentences to think about what it would be like if he had never been born or had died at birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JOB 3 13 pv57 figs-hypo 0 I would have been lying down quietly Job imagines something that could have happened in the past but which did not happen, as noted above. Alternate translation: “I should have been lying down quietly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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JOB 3 13 hw7g 0 lying down quietly “asleep, resting peacefully”
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JOB 3 13 hw7g 0 lying down quietly Alternate translation: “asleep, resting peacefully”
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JOB 3 13 e4ks figs-idiom 0 been at rest Here the word “rest” means to sleep peacefully, but also that Job would not be experiencing the pain that he does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOB 3 14 m4i4 0 with kings and counselors of the earth “with kings and their advisers”
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JOB 3 14 m4i4 0 with kings and counselors of the earth Alternate translation: “with kings and their advisers”
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JOB 3 15 b6t5 0 General Information: Job continues talking about what would have been true if he had never been born.
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JOB 3 15 kr3y figs-hypo 0 Or I would have been lying This describes something that might have happened but did not happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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JOB 3 15 kq2m figs-euphemism 0 I would have been lying with princes “I would be resting with princes.” In this phrase, the words “lying” and “resting” are a polite way of saying “no longer alive.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JOB 3 15 b79w figs-parallelism 0 who once had gold, who had filled their houses with silver Job uses parallelism to emphasize what he is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOB 3 16 eqh2 figs-hypo 0 General Information: Job continues talking about what would have been true if he had never been born. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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JOB 3 16 qn46 0 I would have been stillborn “I would have died in my mother’s womb”
|
||||
JOB 3 16 qu2s 0 like infants that never see the light “like babies who have never been born”
|
||||
JOB 3 16 j5tv 0 infants “babies” or “very small children”
|
||||
JOB 3 16 qn46 0 I would have been stillborn Alternate translation: “I would have died in my mother’s womb”
|
||||
JOB 3 16 qu2s 0 like infants that never see the light Alternate translation: “like babies who have never been born”
|
||||
JOB 3 16 j5tv 0 infants Alternate translation: “babies” or “very small children”
|
||||
JOB 3 17 ip8q 0 General Information: Job changes his talk from dying to life after death.
|
||||
JOB 3 17 t3ap figs-parallelism 0 There the wicked cease from trouble; there the weary are at rest Job uses parallelism to emphasize that the lowly will find rest from those causing them hardship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 3 17 ar3h figs-explicit 0 There the wicked cease from trouble Job is talking about the place where people go after they stop living. Alternate translation: “In that place, evil people stop causing trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ JOB 3 23 n6ge figs-metaphor 0 Why is light given to a man Here light represents
|
|||
JOB 3 23 xgh3 figs-metaphor 0 whose way is hidden Here Job speaks of his future, which he does not know in advance, as if God had hidden it from him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 3 23 f9q5 figs-metaphor 0 a man whom God has hedged in Here being in difficulties and dangers is spoken of as if it were being confined within narrow limits. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 3 24 z8a9 figs-parallelism 0 For my sighing happens instead of eating; my groaning is poured out like water Job expresses his anguish in two ways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 3 24 ya6w 0 my sighing happens instead of eating “Instead of eating, I mourn”
|
||||
JOB 3 24 ya6w 0 my sighing happens instead of eating Alternate translation: “Instead of eating, I mourn”
|
||||
JOB 3 24 jp2u figs-metaphor 0 my groaning is poured out like water Moral qualities and emotions such as grief are often spoken of as if they were water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 3 25 pvp2 figs-parallelism 0 the thing that I feared has come on me; what I was afraid of has come to me These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “what I feared most has happened to me” or “my worst fear has come true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 3 26 f53t figs-parallelism 0 I am not at ease, I am not quiet, and I have no rest Job expresses his anguish in three separate phrases. Alternate translation: “I am very anxious” or “I am emotionally and physically tormented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ JOB 4 intro kk87 0 # Job 4 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><b
|
|||
JOB 4 1 e5n4 translate-names 0 Eliphaz Eliphaz is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 4 1 c3fq translate-names 0 Temanite A Temanite belongs to the tribe of Teman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 4 2 y6k8 figs-rquestion 0 will you be impatient? Eliphaz asks this question in order to make a statement. Alternate translation: “you will surely be impatient.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 4 2 knx6 0 will you be impatient? “will that annoy you?”
|
||||
JOB 4 2 knx6 0 will you be impatient? Alternate translation: “will that annoy you?”
|
||||
JOB 4 2 n3sr figs-rquestion 0 But who can stop himself from speaking? Eliphaz asks this question to say that no one who sees a friend suffering can remain silent. Alternate translation: “No one can restrain himself from speaking (to a friend in such a state as you find yourself)” or “I must speak to you, (seeing that you are in a state of grief).” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 4 3 piw1 figs-parallelism 0 See, you have instructed many; you have strengthened weak hands This verse states a single idea in two different ways. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 4 3 fe8q figs-metonymy 0 you have strengthened weak hands Here “weak hands” represents people who need help. Alternate translation: “you have helped others when they needed help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -187,8 +187,8 @@ JOB 4 4 tqj5 figs-metaphor 0 supported Someone who has been encouraged is spoke
|
|||
JOB 4 4 fnd5 figs-metaphor 0 falling Here becoming discouraged is spoken of as if it were falling down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 4 4 c21w figs-metaphor 0 you have made feeble knees firm Here discouragement is spoken of as if it were a person whose weak knees could not keep him upright. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 4 5 jv44 figs-metaphor 0 But now trouble has come to you Here trouble is spoken of as if it were an object that could come to a person. Alternate translation: “But now you suffer from disasters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 4 5 w2d1 0 you are weary “you are discouraged”
|
||||
JOB 4 6 b27y 0 your fear “the fact that you honor God”
|
||||
JOB 4 5 w2d1 0 you are weary Alternate translation: “you are discouraged”
|
||||
JOB 4 6 b27y 0 your fear Alternate translation: “the fact that you honor God”
|
||||
JOB 4 6 jv9m figs-rquestion 0 Is not your fear your confidence, and the integrity of your ways your hope? Eliphaz asks these questions in order to tell Job that it is because of his sin that he is suffering. Alternate translation: “Everyone thinks that you honor God; everyone thinks that you are an honest man. But these things must not be true, because you do not trust God any longer.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 4 6 w4dn figs-explicit 0 your fear Eliphaz means Job’s fear of God. Alternate translation: “your fear of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 4 6 nh5w figs-metaphor 0 your ways Here “your ways” represents “your conduct,” “how you behave.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -208,18 +208,18 @@ JOB 4 10 l75n figs-activepassive 0 they are broken This may be put into active
|
|||
JOB 4 11 uru1 0 The old lion perishes for lack of victims; the cubs of the lioness are scattered everywhere Eliphaz uses the picture of an old lion dying of hunger and of a lion’s family being scattered as metaphors for the wicked being destroyed.
|
||||
JOB 4 11 n8m2 figs-activepassive 0 the cubs of the lioness are scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “something scatters the cubs of the lioness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 4 12 n1td figs-parallelism 0 Now a certain matter was secretly brought to me … my ear received a whisper about it These phrases express the same idea in a different way. They convey the idea that Eliphaz heard a message whispered to him. This repetition is a form of Hebrew poetry used frequently for emphasis, teaching, or clarity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 4 13 h37a 0 visions in the night “dreams”
|
||||
JOB 4 13 er9t 0 when deep sleep falls on people “when people sleep very deeply”
|
||||
JOB 4 13 h37a 0 visions in the night Alternate translation: “dreams”
|
||||
JOB 4 13 er9t 0 when deep sleep falls on people Alternate translation: “when people sleep very deeply”
|
||||
JOB 4 14 p54m figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer uses parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using different statements to emphasize Eliphaz’s fear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 4 14 pp18 figs-metaphor 0 fear and trembling came upon me Here fear and trembling are spoken of as if they were objects that could come to a person. Alternate translation: “I began to be afraid and to tremble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 4 15 j3h8 0 the hair of my flesh stood up This indicates great fear.
|
||||
JOB 4 15 s6t7 0 the hair of my flesh “the hair on my body”
|
||||
JOB 4 15 s6t7 0 the hair of my flesh Alternate translation: “the hair on my body”
|
||||
JOB 4 16 c4qg figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer uses parallelism in verse 17, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize a question about the purity of man before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 4 16 vak8 0 A form was before my eyes “Something was before my eyes,” “I saw something”
|
||||
JOB 4 16 dat7 0 and I heard “then I heard”
|
||||
JOB 4 16 vak8 0 A form was before my eyes Alternate translation: “Something was before my eyes,” “I saw something”
|
||||
JOB 4 16 dat7 0 and I heard Alternate translation: “then I heard”
|
||||
JOB 4 17 qqw3 figs-rquestion 0 Can a mortal man be more righteous than God? Eliphaz poses this question so that Job will consider, “Do I regard myself as more righteous than God?” or “Am I justified before God?” Alternate translation: “A mortal man cannot be more righteous than God.” or “A mortal man cannot be righteous before God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 4 17 hw7d figs-rquestion 0 Can a man be more pure than his Maker? This question has the same purpose as the previous question. Alternate translation: “A man cannot be more pure than his Maker.” or “A man cannot be pure before his Maker.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 4 17 r4a7 0 his Maker “his Creator”
|
||||
JOB 4 17 r4a7 0 his Maker Alternate translation: “his Creator”
|
||||
JOB 4 19 x3pk figs-metaphor 0 those who live in houses of clay, whose foundation is in the dust This is a figurative way of describing human beings, who were created out of the dust of the earth and whose bodies are like houses, which are made of clay and have dirt foundations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 4 19 r4dq figs-metaphor 0 who are crushed sooner than a moth Possible meanings for this metaphor are: (1) “who God destroys as easily as he crushes a moth” or (2) “whose lives are as short as the life of a moth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 4 20 ajf2 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: These verses continue the earlier use of parallelism, here emphasizing in different ways the idea that people die suddenly without having achieved wisdom and without concern from others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -230,25 +230,25 @@ JOB 4 21 ugp9 figs-synecdoche 0 their tent cords Here tent cords represent a te
|
|||
JOB 5 intro kq38 0 # Job 5 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Eliphaz.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Eliphaz’s advice<br>Eliphaz tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Eliphaz gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>### Sickness and sin<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person’s illness was caused by sin. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While Yahweh may punish people because of their sin, not all sicknesses are caused by sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Eliphaz uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Eliphaz’s argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 5 1 gaw4 figs-rquestion 0 To which of the holy ones will you turn? Eliphaz poses this question to make the point that there is no one Job can turn to for help. Alternate translation: “Is there a holy one to whom you may turn?” or “There is no holy one to whom you can turn for help.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 5 1 n2rw 0 holy ones This refers to supernatural beings of some kind, whether angels or other spirits.
|
||||
JOB 5 2 v7ip 0 jealousy kills the silly one “jealousy kills anyone who acts ignorantly and impulsively”
|
||||
JOB 5 2 v7ip 0 jealousy kills the silly one Alternate translation: “jealousy kills anyone who acts ignorantly and impulsively”
|
||||
JOB 5 2 wt27 figs-genericnoun 0 the silly one any silly person (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 5 3 bn1m figs-genericnoun 0 a foolish person any foolish person (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 5 3 za27 figs-metaphor 0 a foolish person taking root Here a person is spoken of as if he were a plant, perhaps becoming more foolish over time. Alternate translation: “a foolish person becoming grounded in foolishness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 3 lcr1 0 his home This refers to the person’s family and all his property.
|
||||
JOB 5 4 j2um figs-parallelism 0 General Information: These verses continue the earlier use of parallelism, here emphasizing in different ways the idea that the children of foolish people are never safe. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 5 4 yz4i 0 His children are far from safety “His” refers to the foolish person or the foolish people in [Job 5:2](../05/02.md). Alternate translation: “Their children are never safe”
|
||||
JOB 5 4 yz4i 0 His children are far from safety Here, **His** refers to the foolish person or the foolish people in [Job 5:2](../05/02.md). Alternate translation: “Their children are never safe”
|
||||
JOB 5 4 i7p9 figs-metaphor 0 are crushed Here being crushed represents being oppressed, taken advantage of, at court. This idea may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “someone crushes them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 5 4 e8js 0 city gate The city gate, functioning as a court, was the place where disputes were resolved and where judgments were given.
|
||||
JOB 5 4 ep6h 0 There is no one to rescue them “There is no one to help the foolish people’s children out of their hardship”
|
||||
JOB 5 4 ep6h 0 There is no one to rescue them Alternate translation: “There is no one to help the foolish people’s children out of their hardship”
|
||||
JOB 5 5 k9ap 0 they even take it from among the thorns This perhaps refers to parts of a field where the worst crops grow, because of thorn plants present.
|
||||
JOB 5 5 ded6 figs-metaphor 0 The thirsty pant for their wealth Here greedy people are spoken of as if they were thirsty, and the wealth of the foolish person is spoken of as if it were something that they could drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 6 kx25 figs-metaphor 0 For difficulties do not come out from the soil; neither does trouble sprout from the ground Here difficulties and trouble are spoken of as if they were plants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 7 kz2s figs-simile 0 mankind is born for trouble, just as sparks fly upward It is as natural for people, once they are born, to have trouble as it is for sparks to fly up from a fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 5 8 ahg3 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: In these verses, Eliphaz continues his speech from [Job 4:1](../04/01.md). The writer continues to use parallelism in each verse, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize that Job needs to plead his case to God who does wonderful things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 5 9 ep8u 0 great and unsearchable things, marvelous things without number “great things that cannot be understood, wonders that cannot be counted”
|
||||
JOB 5 9 ep8u 0 great and unsearchable things, marvelous things without number Alternate translation: “great things that cannot be understood, wonders that cannot be counted”
|
||||
JOB 5 9 l8rt figs-metaphor 0 unsearchable things This refers to things that mankind cannot understand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 9 ga9h figs-hendiadys 0 great and unsearchable things Here the writer uses two independent words connected by “and” to emphasize the greatness of God’s actions. Alternate translation: “greatly profound things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
JOB 5 9 sa4u 0 marvelous things “wonderful things” or “wonders”
|
||||
JOB 5 9 sa4u 0 marvelous things Alternate translation: “wonderful things” or “wonders”
|
||||
JOB 5 11 w7ab figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer continues to use parallelism in each verse, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize how God lifts those who are lowly and debases those who are cunning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 5 11 die2 figs-metaphor 0 He does this in order to set up on high those who are low Humble people in distress are spoken of as if they were in a low position. When God rescues them, they receive honor. When this happens, they are spoken of as being raised up and put into a high position. Alternate translation: “God does this in order to rescue and honor the humble who have been suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 12 z3jy figs-metaphor 0 He breaks the plans Here stopping the plans of crafty people is spoken of as if they were things that could be physically broken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -262,10 +262,10 @@ JOB 5 15 i885 figs-metaphor 0 But he saves the poor person from the sword in th
|
|||
JOB 5 16 exr5 figs-personification 0 injustice shuts her own mouth People who say unjust things are spoken of as if they were the injustice itself, who must stop speaking. Alternate translation: “It is as though injustice shut her own mouth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 5 17 sq3f figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer continues to use parallelism in verses 18 and 19, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize God’s acts of chastening and healing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 5 17 izq1 0 God corrects … chastening of the Almighty God is pictured as a parent correcting or instructing a child.
|
||||
JOB 5 17 jr16 0 blessed is the man whom God corrects “God really favors the man whom he corrects”
|
||||
JOB 5 17 g1br 0 do not despise “do not reject” or “do not consider worthless”
|
||||
JOB 5 17 c4un 0 chastening “instruction” or “correction” or “discipline”
|
||||
JOB 5 18 fx57 0 For he wounds and then binds up; he wounds and then his hands heal “For he wounds but binds up; he crushes but his hands heal”
|
||||
JOB 5 17 jr16 0 blessed is the man whom God corrects Alternate translation: “God really favors the man whom he corrects”
|
||||
JOB 5 17 g1br 0 do not despise Alternate translation: “do not reject” or “do not consider worthless”
|
||||
JOB 5 17 c4un 0 chastening Alternate translation: “instruction” or “correction” or “discipline”
|
||||
JOB 5 18 fx57 0 For he wounds and then binds up; he wounds and then his hands heal Alternate translation: “For he wounds but binds up; he crushes but his hands heal”
|
||||
JOB 5 18 dgs2 figs-synecdoche 0 his hands heal Here “his hands” represents God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 5 19 q4qe figs-metaphor 0 He will rescue you out of six troubles; indeed, in seven troubles, no evil will touch you The use of increasing numbers such as “six” and “seven” represents the idea of many, many times. Alternate translation: “He will rescue you out of trouble over and over again; indeed, time after time, no evil will touch you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 20 s1h6 0 General Information: The shift in pronoun from “he” to “you” which began in [Job 5:19](../05/19.md) continues through the end of Eliphaz’s speech in [Job 5:27](./27.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -278,17 +278,17 @@ JOB 5 23 ed53 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer continues to u
|
|||
JOB 5 23 kt43 figs-metaphor 0 you will have a covenant with the stones in your field Here the stones in farmers’ fields are spoken of as if they were people that someone could have a covenant with. Alternate translation: “the stones in your fields will be like people who promise that they will not make any trouble for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 23 rr79 figs-idiom 0 the beasts of the field This refers to dangerous wild animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 5 24 ew8g figs-metaphor 0 You will know that your tent is in safety Here “tent” represents a person’s family, household, and all his possessions. Alternate translation: “You will know that your family, servants, and everything you own are safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 24 i2fj 0 you will visit your sheepfold and you will not miss anything “when you visit where your flock stays at night, you will find all your sheep there”
|
||||
JOB 5 24 i2fj 0 you will visit your sheepfold and you will not miss anything Alternate translation: “when you visit where your flock stays at night, you will find all your sheep there”
|
||||
JOB 5 25 fxb7 figs-metaphor 0 your seed will be great Here “seed” represents a person’s descendants. Alternate translation: “your descendants will be many” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 5 25 f961 figs-simile 0 your offspring will be like the grass on the ground Here “offspring” are spoken of as if they were as many as blades of grass, and probably as thriving, too. Alternate translation: “your descendants will be as many and as alive as the grass that grows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 5 26 a9gt 0 You will come to your grave at a full age “You will die at a very old age”
|
||||
JOB 5 26 a9gt 0 You will come to your grave at a full age Alternate translation: “You will die at a very old age”
|
||||
JOB 5 26 w6jt figs-explicit 0 like a stack of grain bundles that goes up at its time You may need to make explicit that the grain in this simile is fully ripe but not overly ripe. He would neither die young nor become weak in his old age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 5 27 uwj5 figs-exclusive 0 See, we have examined this matter; it is like this; listen to it, and know it for yourself The words “we” refers to Job’s friends but not to Job. Alternate translation: “Look, we have thought about this matter. Listen to what I am saying and know that it is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
JOB 6 intro r7kh 0 # Job 6 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness<br>Despite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 6 2 use6 figs-parallelism 0 if only my anguish were weighed; if only all my calamity were laid in the balance Here the writer uses two different statements to convey a single idea, the burden of Job’s suffering. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if only I could weigh my anguish and all my calamities in the balance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 6 2 cqr6 0 in the balance “on a scale”
|
||||
JOB 6 2 cqr6 0 in the balance Alternate translation: “on a scale”
|
||||
JOB 6 3 l5j1 figs-simile 0 For now it would be heavier than the sand of the seas Job compares the burden of his suffering to the weight of wet sand; both can crush a person. Alternate translation: “For my anguish and calamities would be heavier than the sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 6 3 j9lz 0 my words were reckless “I spoke recklessly” or “I spoke rashly”
|
||||
JOB 6 3 j9lz 0 my words were reckless Alternate translation: “I spoke recklessly” or “I spoke rashly”
|
||||
JOB 6 4 b2zh figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s intense suffering as the grounds for his complaint. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 6 4 se7m figs-metaphor 0 For the arrows of the Almighty are in me This is a metaphor for Job’s suffering. He compares his many troubles to arrows that God has shot his body with. Alternate translation: “It is as though the Almighty has shot arrows into my body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 6 4 m898 figs-metaphor 0 my spirit drinks up the poison “my spirit drinks up the arrows’ poison.” This continues the metaphor of the arrows, by implying that they had tips of poison and that Job feels the pain in his spirit. He speaks of feeling this pain as if his spirit drank the poison. Alternate translation: “I feel the pain of their poison in my inner being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -305,10 +305,10 @@ JOB 6 7 r1x2 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Job continues to use paral
|
|||
JOB 6 7 hy2z 0 I refuse to touch them “Them” refers to bad tasting foods.
|
||||
JOB 6 9 yf92 figs-euphemism 0 to crush me once This means for God to cause him to die. Alternate translation: “to crush me and let me die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOB 6 9 f53h figs-idiom 0 that he would let loose his hand and cut me off from this life The phrases “let loose his hand” is an idiom that means to act quickly. Also, the phrase “cut me off from this life” is a euphemism for killing him. Alternate translation: “that he would act quickly and cut short my life” or “that he would act quickly and end my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOB 6 10 gre4 0 even if I exult in pain that does not lessen “I would leap for joy in unending pain” or “I would endure pain that does not diminish”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 a736 0 exult “rejoice”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 f2zu 0 does not lessen “does not diminish”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 ji9n 0 that I have not denied the words of the Holy One “that I have not disowned God.” This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “that I have always obeyed the Holy One”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 gre4 0 even if I exult in pain that does not lessen Alternate translation: “I would leap for joy in unending pain” or “I would endure pain that does not diminish”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 a736 0 exult Alternate translation: “rejoice”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 f2zu 0 does not lessen Alternate translation: “does not diminish”
|
||||
JOB 6 10 ji9n 0 that I have not denied the words of the Holy One This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “that I have always obeyed the Holy One”
|
||||
JOB 6 11 b1ue figs-rquestion 0 What is my strength, that I should try to wait? What is my end, that I should prolong my life? Job poses these questions to emphasize that he has no reason to continue living. These questions have the same meaning. They may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I do not have enough strength to go on living; I have no reason to prolong my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 6 12 vp49 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer uses parallel rhetorical questions in each of these verses to emphasize Job’s lack of strength to endure suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 6 12 n69y figs-rquestion 0 Is my strength the strength of stones? Or is my flesh made of bronze? Job describes the weakness of his body by saying that he is not as strong as rocks and bronze to emphasize his lack of strength. These rhetorical questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I am not as strong as the rocks. My flesh is not as strong as metal.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -323,36 +323,36 @@ JOB 6 16 pnp2 figs-parallelism 0 which are darkened because of ice over them
|
|||
JOB 6 16 cq2i figs-personification 0 because of the snow that hides itself in them This speaks of the snow melting and the water going into the streambed as if the snow were hiding in the streambed. Alternate translation: “because the snow melts and goes into them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 6 17 z6dh figs-parallelism 0 When they thaw out, they vanish … when it is hot, they melt out of their place These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed dries up in the hot season. Alternate translation: “When it is hot, the ice melts and the streambeds dry up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 6 18 t8lv figs-metaphor 0 Job is continuing his description of his friends being as unreliable as streams that dry up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 6 18 vke1 0 The caravans that travel by their way turn aside for water “The caravans turn aside from the routes to find water” or “The caravans change course looking for water”
|
||||
JOB 6 18 vke1 0 The caravans that travel by their way turn aside for water Alternate translation: “The caravans turn aside from the routes to find water” or “The caravans change course looking for water”
|
||||
JOB 6 18 dm5v 0 The caravans A caravan is a large group of travelers riding camels across the desert.
|
||||
JOB 6 18 n26d 0 barren land “wasteland” or “empty land”
|
||||
JOB 6 18 n26d 0 barren land Alternate translation: “wasteland” or “empty land”
|
||||
JOB 6 19 m9l7 translate-names 0 Tema … Sheba These are the names of places. The people of these places used caravans to trade things with people from other lands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 6 19 ua63 0 while companies of Sheba “while caravans from Sheba”
|
||||
JOB 6 19 n6an 0 hoped in them “hoped for them” or “put their hope in them”
|
||||
JOB 6 19 ua63 0 while companies of Sheba Alternate translation: “while caravans from Sheba”
|
||||
JOB 6 19 n6an 0 hoped in them Alternate translation: “hoped for them” or “put their hope in them”
|
||||
JOB 6 20 mue3 figs-activepassive 0 but they were deceived This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but they were disappointed” or “but they were not satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 6 21 km28 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: In these verses, Job poses four questions to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he did not ask for help from any of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 6 21 gk7t 0 For now Job uses this phrase to introduce the main part of what he is saying.
|
||||
JOB 6 21 wa4z 0 you friends are nothing to me “you friends have not helped me at all”
|
||||
JOB 6 21 wa4z 0 you friends are nothing to me Alternate translation: “you friends have not helped me at all”
|
||||
JOB 6 21 zr7k figs-explicit 0 are afraid This means that they see the trouble Job has and are afraid of being in the same situation. Alternate translation: “you are afraid that God might do similar things to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 6 23 vq26 figs-rquestion 0 or, ‘Save me from my adversary’s hand’ or, ‘Ransom me from the hand of my oppressors’? These words are the last of a series of rhetorical questions that begins in verse 22. Job uses these questions to emphasize that he has not asked his friends to give him anything or to help him. “I never said to you, ‘Give … me’ or, ‘Offer … wealth’ or, ‘Save … hand’ or, ‘Ransom … oppressors’.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 6 23 x1gs figs-metonymy 0 my adversary’s hand … the hand of my oppressors The word “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “having my adversary control me … having my oppressors control me” or “my adversary’s power … my oppressors’ power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 6 23 z65f 0 Ransom me “Rescue me”
|
||||
JOB 6 23 z65f 0 Ransom me Alternate translation: “Rescue me”
|
||||
JOB 6 24 t8mf figs-you 0 Teach me … make me These verbs “teach” and “make” are second person plural and are spoken to his friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 6 24 jg8f figs-idiom 0 I will hold my peace This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will be silent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 6 25 ukw2 0 How painful are truthful words! But your arguments, how do they actually rebuke me? The exact meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some Bibles translate “How painful” as “How pleasant.” Alternate translation: “When a person speaks the truth, it harms no one. But your arguments are not true, so how do they actually rebuke me?”
|
||||
JOB 6 25 bt6s figs-rquestion 0 But your arguments, how do they actually rebuke me? Job is using this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that what they are saying does not apply to him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your reasons for rebuking me do not apply to me even though you sternly correct me.” or “But your arguments against me are not true, so they do not actually rebuke me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 6 25 rrn5 0 your arguments “your reasons” or “your claims”
|
||||
JOB 6 25 rrn5 0 your arguments Alternate translation: “your reasons” or “your claims”
|
||||
JOB 6 26 l7bp figs-rquestion 0 Do you plan to ignore my words, treating the words of a desperate man like the wind? Job uses this rhetorical question to scold his friends. He compares his words to the wind to explain that his friends act like his words are empty and useless. Alternate translation: “You ignore my words! I am a desperate man, and you treat my words as if they are as useless as the wind.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 6 26 zm1w figs-you 0 Do you “You” is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 6 27 w62r 0 you cast lots for a fatherless child “you would even gamble to win an orphan”
|
||||
JOB 6 27 w62r 0 you cast lots for a fatherless child Alternate translation: “you would even gamble to win an orphan”
|
||||
JOB 6 27 jib8 figs-you 0 you cast lots … haggle over your friend Here “you” and “your” are in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 6 27 q6lj figs-simile 0 haggle over your friend like merchandise This compares how the man would sell his friend to how a person sells merchandise or wares. Alternate translation: “bargain to sell your friend for money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 6 28 eq8v 0 Now This word is used by Job to introduce new information.
|
||||
JOB 6 28 m2bq figs-you 0 please look The verb “to look” is in second person plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 6 28 q6v3 figs-synecdoche 0 I would not lie to your face The word “your” refers to Job’s friends. Here his friends are represented by their faces to emphasize that they are looking at him. Alternate translation: “I would not lie to you while I am looking at you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 6 29 c7zi 0 Relent, I beg you “Please be merciful to me” or “Stop speaking like this, I beg you”
|
||||
JOB 6 29 c7zi 0 Relent, I beg you Alternate translation: “Please be merciful to me” or “Stop speaking like this, I beg you”
|
||||
JOB 6 29 fcq7 figs-doublenegatives 0 let there be no injustice with you This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “treat me fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JOB 6 29 hka9 0 Indeed, relent “Please relent.”
|
||||
JOB 6 29 hka9 0 Indeed, relent Alternate translation: “Please relent.”
|
||||
JOB 6 30 km3f figs-rquestion 0 Is there evil on my tongue? “Do I say wicked things?” Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he is not wicked. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not say wicked things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 6 30 z316 figs-metonymy 0 on my tongue Here Job’s speech is represented by his “tongue.” Alternate translation: “in my speech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 6 30 f1ga figs-rquestion 0 Cannot my mouth detect malicious things? Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he can tell the difference between right and wrong. Here Job refers to himself by his “mouth” to emphasize his speech. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know what is right to say and what is wrong to say.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ JOB 7 1 m3yt figs-rquestion 0 Are not his days like the days of a hired man? Jo
|
|||
JOB 7 1 n56j 0 a hired man “a day laborer.” This is a man who worked jobs one day at a time and was paid at the end of every day.
|
||||
JOB 7 2 g9ji figs-simile 0 Like a slave … like a hired man Job compares his misery and trouble to that of the slave and hired man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 7 2 f1pu figs-explicit 0 the shadows of evening “cool shade.” The implied information is that the shadows of evening provide coolness and shade from the sun (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 7 2 d651 0 looks for his wages “waits for his pay”
|
||||
JOB 7 2 d651 0 looks for his wages Alternate translation: “waits for his pay”
|
||||
JOB 7 3 fpt6 figs-activepassive 0 I have been made to endure months of misery; I have been given trouble-filled nights This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “so I endure months of misery; I get trouble-filled nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 7 3 cp2i figs-explicit 0 months of misery The abstract noun “misery” can be translated as the adjective “miserable.” Alternate translation: “months when I am miserable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 7 4 m7jx figs-explicit 0 When I lie down The implied information is that this is when Job would lie down to sleep at night. Alternate translation: “When I lie down to sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ JOB 7 4 m4sv 0 tossing to and fro “turning back and forth.” This indicates
|
|||
JOB 7 5 sh53 figs-metaphor 0 My flesh is clothed with worms and clods of dust The worms and clods of dust are pictured as covering Job as if they were clothing. Alternate translation: “My flesh is covered with worms and clods of dust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 7 5 l429 figs-synecdoche 0 My flesh This represents his whole body. Alternate translation: “My body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 7 5 lry5 0 clods of dust This could mean: (1) lumps or crusts of dirt or (2) scabs on the skin.
|
||||
JOB 7 5 we79 0 dissolve and run afresh “break out again”
|
||||
JOB 7 5 we79 0 dissolve and run afresh Alternate translation: “break out again”
|
||||
JOB 7 6 iar8 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer continues to use parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job’s sense of the shortness of life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 7 6 tf2g figs-simile 0 My days are swifter than a weaver’s shuttle Job compares his lifetime to the quickness of a weaver’s shuttle. Alternate translation: “My life goes by very quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 7 6 pvg2 0 weaver a person who makes cloth by crossing threads or yarn
|
||||
|
|
@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ JOB 7 8 f5vc figs-explicit 0 The eye of God, who sees me, will see me no more M
|
|||
JOB 7 8 p6u5 figs-synecdoche 0 The eye of God, who sees me … God’s eyes will be on me Here God is represented by his “eye” to emphasize what he looks at. Alternate translation: “God who watches me … God will look for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 7 9 q76u figs-simile 0 As a cloud is consumed and vanishes away, so he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more Job is describing death as being like the clouds that disappear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 7 9 m6z6 figs-activepassive 0 As a cloud is consumed This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “As a cloud fades” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 7 9 g4h1 0 he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more “he who dies will not return”
|
||||
JOB 7 9 g4h1 0 he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more Alternate translation: “he who dies will not return”
|
||||
JOB 7 10 xnf4 figs-metonymy 0 his place The words “his place” represent those who live in his place. Alternate translation: “the people who live in his place” or “his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 7 11 ed6a figs-parallelism 0 I will speak in the anguish of my spirit; I will complain in the bitterness of my soul Job conveys a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the reason he will not remain silent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 7 11 q76q figs-metonymy 0 I will not restrain my mouth Here the mouth represents speech. Alternate translation: “I will not restrain my speech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -401,38 +401,38 @@ JOB 7 14 pf6s 0 you scare me “you” here refers to God
|
|||
JOB 7 15 et7t 0 strangling killing a person by squeezing the throat and stopping the breathing
|
||||
JOB 7 15 nee4 figs-synecdoche 0 these bones of mine Here Job uses the word “bones” to refer to his body. Alternate translation: “This body of mine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 7 16 jd5k figs-parallelism 0 The writer continues to use parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the impact of Job’s misery on his sense of self worth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 7 16 th4d 0 I loathe my life “I despise my life”
|
||||
JOB 7 16 eu9h 0 to always be alive “to live forever”
|
||||
JOB 7 16 yp5g 0 my days are useless “my days are pointless” or “the days of my life are empty”
|
||||
JOB 7 16 th4d 0 I loathe my life Alternate translation: “I despise my life”
|
||||
JOB 7 16 eu9h 0 to always be alive Alternate translation: “to live forever”
|
||||
JOB 7 16 yp5g 0 my days are useless Alternate translation: “my days are pointless” or “the days of my life are empty”
|
||||
JOB 7 17 awx9 figs-rquestion 0 Job asks a rhetorical question to say that he does not understand why God should pay attention to people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 7 17 w1ri figs-metonymy 0 set your mind on him Here the mind represents thoughts and attention. To “set your mind on” means to give attention to. Alternate translation: “direct your attention to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 7 18 s64b figs-rquestion 0 that you should observe … every moment? This is the end of the rhetorical question that Job begins asking with the words “What is man that” in verse 17. The question can be translated as a statement. “Tell me what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.” or “I do not understand what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 7 18 cdq5 0 observe him “carefully examine him”
|
||||
JOB 7 18 cdq5 0 observe him Alternate translation: “carefully examine him”
|
||||
JOB 7 19 eb8v figs-parallelism 0 How long will it be … swallow down my own saliva? Here Job conveys a single idea using two different rhetorical questions to emphasize his wish that God would stop watching him. Alternate translation: “Look away from me! Leave me alone long enough for me to swallow my own saliva!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 7 19 ts1s 0 saliva liquid produced in people’s mouths that keeps the mouth moist and helps to swallow food
|
||||
JOB 7 20 wwv1 figs-rquestion 0 Even if I have sinned … burden for you? Job poses these questions to argue against God treating him unfairly. Alternate translation: “Even if I have sinned, that would do nothing to you, as you watch over people. Tell me why you have made me your target, so that I am a burden for you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 7 21 gzz5 figs-parallelism 0 Why do you not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity? Here Job uses two similar clauses within a rhetorical question to emphasize his point. Possible meanings are: (1) Job is asking why God does not forgive him. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity.” or (2) Job is asking God why he cannot just overlook his supposed wrongdoings. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not just bear with my transgression and iniquity.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 7 21 ek8a 0 take away “remove”
|
||||
JOB 7 21 ek8a 0 take away Alternate translation: “remove”
|
||||
JOB 7 21 yf7g figs-metonymy 0 now will I lie down in the dust The phrase “lie down in the dust” is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate translation: “now I will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 7 21 uz1p 0 I will not exist “I will not be here” or “I will be gone”
|
||||
JOB 7 21 uz1p 0 I will not exist Alternate translation: “I will not be here” or “I will be gone”
|
||||
JOB 8 intro md4v 0 # Job 8 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Bildad’s advice<br>Bildad tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Bildad gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad’s argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 8 1 emj8 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Verses 2 and 3 each consist of two different questions that have the same meaning. Bildad uses these questions to rebuke Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 8 1 xwz1 0 Connecting Statement: In this chapter, Bildad begins to speak about Job’s complaints.
|
||||
JOB 8 1 y8y8 translate-names 0 Then Bildad the Shuhite answered “Bildad” is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 8 2 gg55 figs-metaphor 0 How long will the words of your mouth be a mighty wind? Bildad speaks of Job’s words as if they are as empty and insubstantial as the wind. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The words of your mouth are as insignificant as a mighty wind.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 8 3 x959 figs-rquestion 0 Does God pervert justice? Does the Almighty pervert righteousness? Here “God” and “the Almighty” both refer to Yahweh. These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “God does not pervert justice; the Almighty does not pervert righteousness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 8 3 p2fp 0 pervert justice?…pervert righteousness? “approve of and do what is not just?…approve of and do what is not righteous?”
|
||||
JOB 8 3 p2fp 0 pervert justice?…pervert righteousness? Alternate translation: “approve of and do what is not just?…approve of and do what is not righteous?”
|
||||
JOB 8 4 icy5 figs-metonymy 0 for he gave them into the hand of their sins Here “hand” represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job’s children because of their sin. Alternate translation: “for God caused the consequences of your children’s sins to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 8 5 lpy9 figs-hypo 0 But suppose you diligently sought God and presented your request to the Almighty Bildad is saying what would have happened if Job had correctly spoken to God, but Bildad does not believe that Job really did this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 8 5 q7cd figs-doublet 0 diligently sought God … presented your request to the Almighty These two phrases both refer to Job asking God for help or pleading with God for mercy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 8 5 c9ii 0 diligently sought God “earnestly asked God for help”
|
||||
JOB 8 5 c9ii 0 diligently sought God Alternate translation: “earnestly asked God for help”
|
||||
JOB 8 6 u412 figs-hypo 0 General Information: Bildad says that God would treat Job well if he was pure, but Bildad does not believe that Job is pure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 8 6 a4ua 0 If you are pure and upright “If only you were pure and righteous” or “If only you would obey God and do what is right”
|
||||
JOB 8 6 a4ua 0 If you are pure and upright Alternate translation: “If only you were pure and righteous” or “If only you would obey God and do what is right”
|
||||
JOB 8 6 f6a2 figs-metaphor 0 stir himself on your behalf Here Yahweh is spoken of as if he woke from sleep to help Job. Alternate translation: “help you” or “do good things for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 6 k3xq 0 restore you to your rightful place This refers to giving back to Job the things he lost, including his family, wealth, and honor.
|
||||
JOB 8 7 cd7r figs-metaphor 0 Even though your beginning was small, still your final condition would be much greater Here lack of wealth is spoken of as being a “small beginning.” Alternate translation: “Even if you were poor early in your life, God would make you very wealthy later in your life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 8 h2yb figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Bildad continues to use parallelism in each of these verses to emphasize that their ancestors agree with the things Bildad is telling Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 8 8 iq7n 0 give your attention to what our ancestors learned “study carefully what our ancestors discovered” or “consider the things our forefathers learned”
|
||||
JOB 8 8 iq7n 0 give your attention to what our ancestors learned Alternate translation: “study carefully what our ancestors discovered” or “consider the things our forefathers learned”
|
||||
JOB 8 9 m5vp figs-metaphor 0 our days on earth are a shadow The shortness of life is spoken of as if it were a shadow which quickly disappears. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 10 h2ae figs-rquestion 0 Will they not teach you and tell you? Will they not speak words from their hearts? Bildad uses these rhetorical questions to rebuke Job for not agreeing with Bildad and the ancestors. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “They will teach you and tell you and speak what they sincerely believe.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 8 10 u4ad figs-metonymy 0 from their hearts Here the word “hearts” represents their inner beliefs. Alternate translation: “that they sincerely believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -441,10 +441,10 @@ JOB 8 11 tj37 figs-rquestion 0 Can papyrus grow without a marsh? Can reeds grow
|
|||
JOB 8 11 ig9q 0 papyrus a tall reed-like plant that grows in shallow water
|
||||
JOB 8 12 ht78 0 General Information: It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8-10](./08.md).
|
||||
JOB 8 12 q4x1 figs-explicit 0 While they are still green and not cut down, they wither before any other plant It is implied that they wither when there is no water. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Without water, they stop growing and wither faster than any other plant, even if no one cuts them down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 8 12 ugh5 0 wither “dry up”
|
||||
JOB 8 12 ugh5 0 wither Alternate translation: “dry up”
|
||||
JOB 8 13 vn8n 0 General Information: It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8-10](./08.md).
|
||||
JOB 8 13 y6pd figs-metonymy 0 So also are the paths of all who forget God Here “the paths” represents a person’s future and the events that will happen to them. Alternate translation: “The same thing will happen to everyone who forgets God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 8 13 fc76 0 the hope of the godless will perish “the things the godless person desires will not happen”
|
||||
JOB 8 13 fc76 0 the hope of the godless will perish Alternate translation: “the things the godless person desires will not happen”
|
||||
JOB 8 14 m1bj figs-genericnoun 0 General Information: It is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8-10](./08.md). In this verse the pronoun “his” refers to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 8 14 yg2t figs-parallelism 0 His confidence will break apart … his trust is as weak as a spider’s web These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the godless person is trusting in something that cannot save him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 8 14 e61x figs-simile 0 his trust is as weak as a spider’s web Here Bildad compares the trust of the godless person to a spider’s web; the slightest force will break both. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -459,13 +459,13 @@ JOB 8 17 i19y figs-genericnoun 0 General Information: In this verse the pronoun
|
|||
JOB 8 17 cty7 figs-parallelism 0 His roots are wrapped about the heaps of stone … they look for good places among the rocks These two phrases have similar meaning, but the meaning is unclear. This could mean: (1) he appears to be well-rooted in the rocks, taking advantage of every opening or (2) his roots cannot find fertile ground and must try to find nutrients among the rocks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 18 qe8b figs-genericnoun 0 General Information: In this verse the pronouns “his” and “him” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 8 18 ib86 figs-activepassive 0 if this person is destroyed out of his place This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone pulls him out of his place” or “if a gardener tears him out of the garden” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 8 18 tq8v 0 his place “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
JOB 8 18 tq8v 0 his place Alternate translation: “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
JOB 8 18 b7jg figs-personification 0 that place will deny him and say, ‘I never saw you.’ The garden is spoken of as if it had human ability to speak. The garden immediately forgets that he existed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 19 llr9 figs-irony 0 this is the “joy” of such a person’s behavior Bildad is speaking with irony to express that there is not any real joy for the godless person. Alternate translation: “this is all the joy they will receive from their godless actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 8 19 z27b figs-metaphor 0 other plants will sprout out of the same soil in his place Bildad continues the metaphor from [Job 8:16-18](./16.md). Other godless people are spoken of as plants who take the place of the first godless man when he dies. Alternate translation: “when one wicked man dies, another will take his place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 19 n1qg 0 sprout “grow”
|
||||
JOB 8 19 j8fx 0 the same soil “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
JOB 8 19 y97b 0 in his place “in the place of the godless man”
|
||||
JOB 8 19 n1qg 0 sprout Alternate translation: “grow”
|
||||
JOB 8 19 j8fx 0 the same soil Alternate translation: “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
JOB 8 19 y97b 0 in his place Alternate translation: “in the place of the godless man”
|
||||
JOB 8 20 i9v4 0 God will not cast away an innocent man This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “God will accept an innocent man”
|
||||
JOB 8 20 gz4z figs-metonymy 0 neither will he take the hand of evildoers Here “take the hand” refers to help or support. Alternate translation: “God will not support people who do evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 8 21 td9s figs-parallelism 0 He will yet fill your mouth with laughter, your lips with shouting These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how happy Job would be if he were innocent. The word “he” refers to God and “your” refers to Job. Alternate translation: “God will make you very happy again if you are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -473,21 +473,21 @@ JOB 8 21 ezc5 figs-metaphor 0 fill your mouth with laughter God causing Job to
|
|||
JOB 8 21 e5gp figs-ellipsis 0 your lips with shouting The verb “fill” is understood from the previous clause. God causing him to shout for joy is spoken of as if God had poured joy into Job’s mouth. Alternate translation: “God will cause you to shout for joy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 22 tc4g figs-metaphor 0 Those who hate you will be clothed with shame Here “shame” is spoken of as if it were clothing that God will cause Job’s enemies to wear. This means they will be very ashamed. Alternate translation: “God will cause those who hate you to be very ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 8 22 k5y9 0 the tent of the wicked will be no more Here “tent” refers to the homes of the wicked. Alternate translation: “the houses of the wicked will be destroyed”
|
||||
JOB 8 22 uz63 0 will be no more “will not last” or “will be destroyed”
|
||||
JOB 8 22 uz63 0 will be no more Alternate translation: “will not last” or “will be destroyed”
|
||||
JOB 9 intro n51u 0 # Job 9 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness and Yahweh’s power<br>Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Job does not think that he can make a claim against Yahweh because only God is perfectly wise and just. Yahweh is truly powerful and Job understands this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express himself or to describe Yahweh’s power. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Bildad that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 9 2 e369 0 I truly know that this is so “I know that what you say is true”
|
||||
JOB 9 2 e369 0 I truly know that this is so Alternate translation: “I know that what you say is true”
|
||||
JOB 9 2 a9ku 0 this is so Here the word “this” refers to what Bildad said.
|
||||
JOB 9 2 r4pi 0 how can a person be in the right with God? “how can anyone be innocent before God?”
|
||||
JOB 9 2 r4pi 0 how can a person be in the right with God? Alternate translation: “how can anyone be innocent before God?”
|
||||
JOB 9 3 a6um 0 argue dispute
|
||||
JOB 9 3 el71 figs-idiom 0 he cannot answer him once in a thousand times “Once in a thousand times” here is an idiom that means “at all.” This could mean: (1) “he cannot give any answer to God” or (2) “God will not answer him at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 9 3 t9fi 0 a thousand times “1,000 times”
|
||||
JOB 9 3 t9fi 0 a thousand times Alternate translation: “1,000 times”
|
||||
JOB 9 4 mh8a figs-metonymy 0 wise in heart Here the heart represents the inner being or thoughts. Alternate translation: “wise in what he decides” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 9 4 f7rj figs-abstractnouns 0 mighty in strength The abstract noun “strength” can be expressed as the adjective “strong.” Alternate translation: “mighty in how strong he is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 4 b286 figs-rpronouns 0 hardened himself against him To harden oneself means to be stubborn. Alternate translation: “resisted him” or “defied him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 5 at5b 0 he who removes the mountains “God removes the mountains”
|
||||
JOB 9 6 m19t 0 he who shakes the earth “God shakes the earth”
|
||||
JOB 9 6 xth3 0 sets its supports trembling “makes its foundations tremble”
|
||||
JOB 9 7 mt2x 0 who covers up the stars “who blocks the stars from view”
|
||||
JOB 9 5 at5b 0 he who removes the mountains Alternate translation: “God removes the mountains”
|
||||
JOB 9 6 m19t 0 he who shakes the earth Alternate translation: “God shakes the earth”
|
||||
JOB 9 6 xth3 0 sets its supports trembling Alternate translation: “makes its foundations tremble”
|
||||
JOB 9 7 mt2x 0 who covers up the stars Alternate translation: “who blocks the stars from view”
|
||||
JOB 9 8 lya7 figs-rpronouns 0 who by himself stretches out the heavens God is spoken of as creating the heavens without any help, as if the heavens were fabric that he stretches out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 9 8 xis1 figs-metaphor 0 tramples down the waves of the sea God is spoken of as calming the sea as if with his feet. Alternate translation: “puts his feet down on the waves of the sea” or “calms the waves of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 9 9 n4y8 translate-unknown 0 the Bear, Orion, the Pleiades These are the names of constellations, which are groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -495,33 +495,33 @@ JOB 9 9 taz3 0 Orion a famous hunter in Greek mythology
|
|||
JOB 9 9 x429 0 Pleiades several bright stars that look like they are close together in the sky
|
||||
JOB 9 9 uzy5 0 constellations groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky
|
||||
JOB 9 10 h9d9 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The writer uses parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using double statements to emphasize that God is great, unseen, and sovereign. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 9 10 g1vu 0 unsearchable things “things that cannot be understood”
|
||||
JOB 9 11 j3wr 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
|
||||
JOB 9 11 l3a7 0 he passes on “he passes by” or “he moves on”
|
||||
JOB 9 10 g1vu 0 unsearchable things Alternate translation: “things that cannot be understood”
|
||||
JOB 9 11 j3wr 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
|
||||
JOB 9 11 l3a7 0 he passes on Alternate translation: “he passes by” or “he moves on”
|
||||
JOB 9 12 tc75 figs-rquestion 0 If he takes something away, who can stop him? Who can say to him, ‘What are you doing? These are rhetorical questions that expect an answer of “No one.” They can be reworded as statements. Alternate translation: “If he takes something away, no one can stop him. No one can ask him, ‘What are you doing?’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 9 12 gm8n 0 If he takes something away “If he takes someone away” or “If he wants to snatch something away”
|
||||
JOB 9 12 gm8n 0 If he takes something away Alternate translation: “If he takes someone away” or “If he wants to snatch something away”
|
||||
JOB 9 13 e9gu translate-symaction 0 the helpers of Rahab bow beneath him Here “bow beneath him” symbolizes submission or defeat. Alternate translation: “he crushes the helpers of Rahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JOB 9 13 nzr2 translate-names 0 Rahab The word “Rahab” here refers to a monster of the sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 9 14 z61q figs-parallelism 0 How much less could I answer him, could I choose words to reason with him? Job poses two similar questions to emphasize his reluctance to confront God. They can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “So I certainly could not answer him or choose words to reason with him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 9 17 w3dc figs-metaphor 0 For he breaks me with a tempest Job compares his troubles from God to the effects of a tempest. Alternate translation: “He injures me as if with a tempest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 9 17 qb29 0 tempest a powerful or violent storm
|
||||
JOB 9 17 rl4w 0 multiplies my wounds “gives me many wounds” or “wounds me again and again”
|
||||
JOB 9 17 qw6a 0 without cause “even though I have not given him cause to do so” or “even though I am innocent”
|
||||
JOB 9 17 rl4w 0 multiplies my wounds Alternate translation: “gives me many wounds” or “wounds me again and again”
|
||||
JOB 9 17 qw6a 0 without cause Alternate translation: “even though I have not given him cause to do so” or “even though I am innocent”
|
||||
JOB 9 18 bw17 figs-idiom 0 to regain my breath This is an idiom that means “to be able to breathe again” or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 9 18 uqz6 figs-metaphor 0 he fills me with bitterness This verse pictures God as filling up Job’s life with things that make him bitter. The abstract noun “bitterness” can be expressed as the adjective “bitter.” Alternate translation: “he fills me up with bitter things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 19 qi46 0 If it is a matter of strength “If there is a contest of strength”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 ad8i 0 behold, he is mighty “look and you will see that he is mighty” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you: he is mighty”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 a2rc 0 he is mighty “he is the strong one”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 qi46 0 If it is a matter of strength Alternate translation: “If there is a contest of strength”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 ad8i 0 behold, he is mighty Alternate translation: “look and you will see that he is mighty” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you: he is mighty”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 a2rc 0 he is mighty Alternate translation: “he is the strong one”
|
||||
JOB 9 19 fjk3 figs-rquestion 0 who can summon him? This question expects an answer of “No one” to make the point that no one is able to bring God to court. This can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “no one can summon him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 9 20 q6qk figs-parallelism 0 Though I am in the right, my own mouth would condemn me; and though I am blameless, my words would prove me to be guilty This verse expresses the same idea twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 9 20 xtf8 figs-idiom 0 Though I am in the right Here “I am in the right” means I am the one who has done right things. Alternate translation: “Although I have done right things” or “Even though I am innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
JOB 9 20 grl2 figs-metonymy 0 my own mouth would condemn me Here “mouth” represents Job’s words. Alternate translation: “my own words would accuse me” or “what I say would condemn me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 9 20 ci26 0 blameless “faultless”
|
||||
JOB 9 20 ci26 0 blameless Alternate translation: “faultless”
|
||||
JOB 9 20 dd24 figs-metaphor 0 my words would prove me to be guilty Here “my words” are spoken of as if they could take action. Alternate translation: “God would use what I say to prove me guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 9 20 j9y3 0 guilty The word here has the meaning of “twisted” or “crooked.”
|
||||
JOB 9 21 n1sz 0 I am blameless “I am faultless”
|
||||
JOB 9 21 ruv5 0 about myself “what happens to me”
|
||||
JOB 9 22 ahw1 0 It makes no difference “It is all the same” or “It does not matter”
|
||||
JOB 9 21 n1sz 0 I am blameless Alternate translation: “I am faultless”
|
||||
JOB 9 21 ruv5 0 about myself Alternate translation: “what happens to me”
|
||||
JOB 9 22 ahw1 0 It makes no difference Alternate translation: “It is all the same” or “It does not matter”
|
||||
JOB 9 22 e1i7 figs-merism 0 he destroys blameless people and wicked people together Here “blameless” and “wicked” are two extremes for a merism that include everything in between. Alternate translation: “he brings everyone to an end, whether they are blameless or wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
JOB 9 23 hsd9 figs-metaphor 0 When a whip suddenly kills The word “whip” here is a metaphor for any kind of disaster. Alternate translation: “When a disaster suddenly happens and people die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 9 23 m78u figs-metonymy 0 the despair of the innocent The word “despair” is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb “despair.” Here it is a metonym for the innocent who are despairing. Alternate translation: “the innocent who are despairing” or “the innocent who have lost all hope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -530,16 +530,16 @@ JOB 9 24 v13g figs-activepassive 0 The earth is given This can be stated in act
|
|||
JOB 9 24 rz2j figs-metonymy 0 The earth is Here “the earth” is used to represent the people on the earth. Alternate translation: “The people of the world are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 9 24 g65c figs-metonymy 0 into the hand of Here “hand” is a metonym for “control.” Alternate translation: “into the control of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 9 24 l9pz figs-idiom 0 God covers the faces of its judges This idiom means God keeps the judges of the earth from being able to judge the difference between right and wrong. Alternate translation: “God makes its judges blind” or “God keeps its judges from judging rightly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 9 24 y1iv 0 If it is not he who does it, then who is it? “If it is not God who does these things, then who does them?”
|
||||
JOB 9 24 y1iv 0 If it is not he who does it, then who is it? Alternate translation: “If it is not God who does these things, then who does them?”
|
||||
JOB 9 25 aw7i figs-simile 0 My days are swifter than a running messenger Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a fast runner. Alternate translation: “My days pass swiftly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 9 25 um75 0 running messenger “runner” or “running man”
|
||||
JOB 9 25 um75 0 running messenger Alternate translation: “runner” or “running man”
|
||||
JOB 9 25 s36p figs-personification 0 my days flee away This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to run away like a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 9 25 a6zy figs-personification 0 they see no good anywhere This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to see like a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 9 25 ej64 0 no good “no good thing”
|
||||
JOB 9 25 ej64 0 no good Alternate translation: “no good thing”
|
||||
JOB 9 26 icr6 figs-simile 0 They are as fast as papyrus reed boats Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to the speed of fast boats. Alternate translation: “They pass quickly by like papyrus reed boats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 9 26 hle5 0 papyrus reed boats “boats made out of reeds.” Papyrus reed is a hollow grass that grows along the banks of rivers.
|
||||
JOB 9 26 vrq5 figs-simile 0 as fast as the eagle that swoops down on its victim Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a large bird diving toward its prey. Alternate translation: “as fast as the eagle that flies down quickly to catch its food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 9 26 iuy1 0 swoops down “rushes down”
|
||||
JOB 9 26 iuy1 0 swoops down Alternate translation: “rushes down”
|
||||
JOB 9 27 wk23 figs-abstractnouns 0 I would forget about my complaints The abstract noun “complaint” can be translated as the verb “complain.” Alternate translation: “I would stop complaining” or “I would stop complaining against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 27 gn93 figs-explicit 0 my complaints It can be stated clearly whom Job was complaining against. Alternate translation: “my complaints against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 9 27 vk9t figs-metaphor 0 I would take off my sad face and be happy Job’s sad face is spoken of here as if it was something that could be removed. Alternate translation: “I would stop looking unhappy and smile” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -547,11 +547,11 @@ JOB 9 28 rek4 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 I would be afraid of all my sorro
|
|||
JOB 9 28 hqx2 figs-abstractnouns 0 of all my sorrows The abstract noun “sorrows” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “of everything that hurts me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 29 js2a figs-activepassive 0 I will be condemned “I will be accused and punished.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will condemn me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 9 29 w57l figs-rquestion 0 why, then, should I try in vain? Job uses this question to emphasize that he does not think it is of any use trying to get God’s attention. The implied information about what Job is trying can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It is of no use to try to get God’s attention.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 9 30 l6jt 0 If I washed myself with snow water “If I bathed my body in pure, clean water”
|
||||
JOB 9 30 l6jt 0 If I washed myself with snow water Alternate translation: “If I bathed my body in pure, clean water”
|
||||
JOB 9 30 y111 0 snow water the water that comes from melted snow
|
||||
JOB 9 30 b7il 0 snow white flakes of frozen water that fall from clouds in places where the air temperature is cold
|
||||
JOB 9 30 a4jk 0 made my hands ever so clean “made my hands exceedingly clean.” Some other versions of the Bible translate this with the meaning of “cleaned my hands with very strong soap.”
|
||||
JOB 9 31 sz3q 0 plunge me in a ditch “throw me into a pit”
|
||||
JOB 9 30 a4jk 0 made my hands ever so clean Some other versions of the Bible translate this with the meaning of “cleaned my hands with very strong soap.” Alternate translation: “made my hands exceedingly clean”
|
||||
JOB 9 31 sz3q 0 plunge me in a ditch Alternate translation: “throw me into a pit”
|
||||
JOB 9 31 vh45 figs-personification 0 my own clothes would be disgusted with me Job’s clothing is spoken of as if it would have a negative response to Job after God plunged him into a ditch. Alternate translation: “I would be too filthy for my own clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 9 32 va67 figs-explicit 0 answer him Job implies that God has charged him of doing wrong, and he wants to respond to those charges. Alternate translation: “answer his charges against me” or “defend myself” or “argue my innocence with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 9 32 yb3i figs-metonymy 0 come together in court “come together to trial.” Here “court” is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. “Coming together in court” is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate translation: “confront each other before a judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -560,10 +560,10 @@ JOB 9 33 es66 figs-idiom 0 lay his hand upon us both Here “lay his hand upon
|
|||
JOB 9 34 hm1t 0 Connecting Statement: These verses continue the previous argument that no one is greater than God who could act as a judge between God and Job.
|
||||
JOB 9 34 cc5r figs-metonymy 0 take God’s rod off me Here “God’s rod” is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate translation: “stop God from punishing me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 9 34 vs1b figs-abstractnouns 0 keep his terror from frightening me The abstract noun “terror” can be translated as the verb “terrify.” Alternate translation: “keep him from terrifying and frightening me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 9 35 fa78 0 Then would I speak up “Then I would speak”
|
||||
JOB 9 35 ug86 0 as things are now “because this is how things are now”
|
||||
JOB 9 35 fa78 0 Then would I speak up Alternate translation: “Then I would speak”
|
||||
JOB 9 35 ug86 0 as things are now Alternate translation: “because this is how things are now”
|
||||
JOB 10 intro ul99 0 # Job 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Bildad.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness<br>Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse Yahweh. Instead, he defends himself to Yahweh, while trusting in his decision. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to defend himself. He does not believe that he committed a sin deserving severe punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 10 1 ch7h 0 I am weary of my life “I am tired of living”
|
||||
JOB 10 1 ch7h 0 I am weary of my life Alternate translation: “I am tired of living”
|
||||
JOB 10 1 p5cl figs-abstractnouns 0 I will give free expression to my complaint The abstract nouns “expression” and “complaint” can be translated as the verbs “express” and “complain.” Alternate translation: “I will freely express what I have to complain about” or “I will argue freely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 10 1 zk1f figs-metaphor 0 I will speak in the bitterness of my soul How Job feels is compared to a bitter taste. The abstract noun “bitterness” can be translated as the adverb “bitterly.” Alternate translation: “My inner being will speak bitterly” or “I will bitterly speak out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 10 3 aaw5 figs-rquestion 0 Is it good to you that you should oppress me, to despise the work of your hands while you smile on the plans of the wicked? This question expects a “no” answer and can be changed into a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not good that you should oppress me, that you should despise the work of your hands, while you smile on the plans of the wicked.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -572,18 +572,18 @@ JOB 10 3 q8wf figs-idiom 0 smile on the plans of the wicked Here the idiom “s
|
|||
JOB 10 4 d65r figs-parallelism 0 Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees? These two questions have nearly the same meaning. These questions expect a negative answer to emphasize that God does not see or understand things the same way a man does. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You do not have eyes of flesh, and you do not see like a man sees.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 10 5 e9t6 figs-rquestion 0 Job begins to ask a rhetorical question. He is saying that God lives forever but people live only for a short time, so God should not worry about Job’s sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 10 5 awt6 figs-parallelism 0 your days like the days of mankind … your years like the years of people These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 10 5 st4n 0 your days “the number of your days”
|
||||
JOB 10 5 tjp4 0 your years “the number of your years”
|
||||
JOB 10 5 st4n 0 your days Alternate translation: “the number of your days”
|
||||
JOB 10 5 tjp4 0 your years Alternate translation: “the number of your years”
|
||||
JOB 10 6 qf3d 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues the rhetorical question he began in verse 5. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
|
||||
JOB 10 6 zdk3 0 inquire after my iniquity “look to see if I have committed iniquity”
|
||||
JOB 10 6 zdk3 0 inquire after my iniquity Alternate translation: “look to see if I have committed iniquity”
|
||||
JOB 10 7 eu61 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5.
|
||||
JOB 10 7 s3k7 figs-rquestion 0 although you know … from your hand? This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5. The whole question can be translated as a statement. “Your days are not like the days of mankind, and your years are not like the years of people, so you should not inquire after my iniquity and search after my sin, because you know I am not guilty and there is no one who can rescue me from your hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 10 7 vzd3 figs-synecdoche 0 from your hand Here “your hand” represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “from your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 10 8 tx92 figs-synecdoche 0 Your hands Here “hands” represent God and his creative action. Alternate translation: “You” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 10 8 x1dy figs-metaphor 0 Your hands have framed and fashioned me together round about Job is using a metaphor of a potter forming clay to describe how God carefully created him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 10 8 p1ml figs-doublet 0 framed and fashioned me “shaped and formed me.” The words “framed” and “fashioned” are similar in meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 10 9 l83b 0 Call to mind “Remember”
|
||||
JOB 10 9 zg5j 0 bring me into dust again “turn me back into dust again”
|
||||
JOB 10 9 l83b 0 Call to mind Alternate translation: “Remember”
|
||||
JOB 10 9 zg5j 0 bring me into dust again Alternate translation: “turn me back into dust again”
|
||||
JOB 10 10 vpu6 writing-poetry 0 General Information: In these verses, Job uses the language of poetry to describe how God formed him in the womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
JOB 10 10 h664 figs-rquestion 0 Have you not poured me out like milk and curdled me like cheese? This is a question that expects a positive answer. Alternate translation: “You poured me out like milk and curdled me like cheese.” or “You formed me in the womb like poured milk becomes cheese.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 10 10 c2ul 0 you Here “you” refers to God.
|
||||
|
|
@ -592,14 +592,14 @@ JOB 10 11 p9pw figs-metaphor 0 You have clothed me with skin and flesh God putt
|
|||
JOB 10 11 mxm1 figs-metaphor 0 knit me together “wove me together.” God putting Job’s body together in the womb is spoken of as if God was knitting or weaving a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “put me together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 10 11 hut9 0 sinews the parts of the body that connect muscles to bones or other body parts and are like tough, white bands or cords
|
||||
JOB 10 12 tc2u figs-abstractnouns 0 You have granted me life and covenant faithfulness The abstract nouns “life” and “faithfulness” can be stated as “live” and “faithful.” Alternate translation: “You have been faithful to your covenant and allowed me to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 10 12 dt8a 0 your help “your care”
|
||||
JOB 10 12 dt8a 0 your help Alternate translation: “your care”
|
||||
JOB 10 12 h7in figs-synecdoche 0 guarded my spirit Here Job is represented by his “spirit.” Alternate translation: “guarded me” or “watched carefully over me” or “kept me safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 10 14 zj6t 0 you would notice it “you would watch me”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 l6ww 0 If I have acted wickedly “If I do evil things”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 vwh2 0 woe to me “how terrible will it be for me”
|
||||
JOB 10 14 zj6t 0 you would notice it Alternate translation: “you would watch me”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 l6ww 0 If I have acted wickedly Alternate translation: “If I do evil things”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 vwh2 0 woe to me Alternate translation: “how terrible will it be for me”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 h2sc figs-idiom 0 lift up my head This idiom means to be sure or confident. Alternate translation: “hold my head up” or “be confident” or “be sure about myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 10 15 yg3e 0 I am filled with disgrace—see my affliction Another possible meaning, followed by some versions, is, “I am full of disgrace and am completely full of my own suffering,” where the disgrace is bad but the suffering is even worse.
|
||||
JOB 10 15 amu8 0 I am filled with disgrace “I am totally ashamed” or “No one respects me anymore”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 amu8 0 I am filled with disgrace Alternate translation: “I am totally ashamed” or “No one respects me anymore”
|
||||
JOB 10 15 fs2u 0 disgrace shame
|
||||
JOB 10 15 bu5t figs-abstractnouns 0 see my affliction The abstract noun “affliction” can be translated using the verb “afflict.” Alternate translation: “see how God is afflicting me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 10 16 z3nm figs-hypo 0 If my head were lifted up, you would stalk me like a lion This could mean: (1) this is a hypothetical situation that has not happened or (2) this is a description of a situation that happens repeatedly. Alternate translation: “When my head is lifted up, you stalk me like a lion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -612,8 +612,8 @@ JOB 10 17 zs8c figs-metaphor 0 you attack me with fresh armies God sending trou
|
|||
JOB 10 18 zk6f figs-metaphor 0 brought me out of the womb Here being brought out of the womb represents being born into this world. Alternate translation: “brought me out of my mother’s womb” or “brought me into this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 10 18 n2ql figs-metaphor 0 given up my spirit Giving up one’s spirit represents dying. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 10 18 s56b figs-synecdoche 0 and that no eye had ever seen me Job uses “eye” here to refer to the whole person. He wishes he could have died at birth, before anyone saw him. Alternate translation: “before any person had ever seen me” or “before I was born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 10 19 bzd2 0 I had never existed “I had never lived”
|
||||
JOB 10 19 uc37 0 I would have been carried “My body would have been carried”
|
||||
JOB 10 19 bzd2 0 I had never existed Alternate translation: “I had never lived”
|
||||
JOB 10 19 uc37 0 I would have been carried Alternate translation: “My body would have been carried”
|
||||
JOB 10 20 yd2g figs-rquestion 0 Are not my days only a few? Here “my days” represent the length of Job’s life. This question expects a positive answer, to emphasize that Job only expects to live a few more days. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I only have a few days left to live.” or “My life will soon end.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 10 21 f7d8 figs-metaphor 0 the land Here the place where the spirits of dead people go is spoken of as if it was a land. Alternate translation: “the place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 10 21 i9h6 figs-doublet 0 of darkness and of the shadow of death The phrase “shadow of death” intensifies the idea of “darkness.” Both phrases describe where the spirits of dead people go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ JOB 11 2 cq18 figs-rquestion 0 Should not such a multitude of words be answered
|
|||
JOB 11 2 ua2s figs-rquestion 0 Should this man, so full of talk, be believed? Zophar uses this question to emphasize that they should not believe what Job was saying. Alternate translation: “This man is so full of talk, but the people should not believe him!” or “Your many words alone do not mean you are innocent!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 11 3 kgu1 figs-rquestion 0 Should your boasting make others remain silent? Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. Alternate translation: “Just because you have spoken many words, this does not mean that others must keep silent.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 11 3 s3am figs-rquestion 0 When you mock, will no one make you feel ashamed? Zophar uses this question to rebuke Job. You may need to make explicit what it is that Job is mocking. Alternate translation: “You have mocked us for what we have said. Now we will make you feel ashamed!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 11 4 k2le 0 My beliefs are pure “My understanding is correct”
|
||||
JOB 11 4 k2le 0 My beliefs are pure Alternate translation: “My understanding is correct”
|
||||
JOB 11 4 e56u figs-metaphor 0 I am blameless in your eyes The eyes represent sight, which is a metaphor for God’s evaluation of Job. This could mean: (1) that Job is saying that God judges him as blameless. Alternate translation: “You say that I am blameless” or (2) that Job believes he has been blameless and that God should judge him as blameless. Alternate translation: “You should recognize that I am blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 11 5 ii56 figs-metonymy 0 that God would speak … open his lips against you The words “open his lips” are a metonym that means speak. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize Zophar’s desire that God would speak harshly against Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 11 6 ca7p figs-explicit 0 that he would show … secrets of wisdom What the “secrets of wisdom” are can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that he would show you that you are suffering because of your sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ JOB 11 8 y9sp figs-rquestion 0 what can you do? Zophar uses this question to sh
|
|||
JOB 11 8 hb95 figs-rquestion 0 what can you know? Zophar uses this question to show that a person cannot do anything to know God fully. Alternate translation: “you cannot know God fully.” or “you cannot know all there is to know.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 11 9 i9xz 0 Its measure This could mean: (1) God’s greatness or (2) the greatness of God’s wisdom.
|
||||
JOB 11 9 z6cv figs-metaphor 0 is longer than the earth … wider than the sea God’s greatness or wisdom is spoken of as if it could be measured in distance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 11 10 y4fx 0 If he … shuts anyone up “If God … shuts anyone up in prison”
|
||||
JOB 11 10 y4fx 0 If he … shuts anyone up Alternate translation: “If God … shuts anyone up in prison”
|
||||
JOB 11 10 d1jn figs-abstractnouns 0 if he calls anyone to judgment The abstract noun “judgment” can be translated with the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “if God calls anyone to go to him so that God might judge him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 11 10 f915 figs-rquestion 0 who can stop him? This question emphasizes that no one can stop God. Alternate translation: “no one can stop him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 11 11 gdx6 figs-rquestion 0 does he not notice it? This emphasizes that God does notice sin. Alternate translation: “he surely notices it!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -663,9 +663,9 @@ JOB 11 19 hc18 figs-abstractnouns 0 you would lie down in rest The abstract nou
|
|||
JOB 11 20 s359 figs-metaphor 0 the eyes of wicked people will fail Their eyes represent their understanding. Alternate translation: “the understanding of the wicked people will fail” or “the wicked people will not be able to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 intro u4jn 0 # Job 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Zophar.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness<br>Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job’s case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh’s authority. These three friends therefore try to take God’s place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>Job uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 12 2 dpz4 figs-irony 0 No doubt you are the people; wisdom will die with you Job mocks how they are acting and shows how ridiculous they sound. Alternate translation: “Surely you are such important people that wisdom cannot exist without you” or “You all act like you are the only wise people and that when you die, wisdom will disappear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 12 2 ba96 0 No doubt “Surely”
|
||||
JOB 12 2 ba96 0 No doubt Alternate translation: “Surely”
|
||||
JOB 12 2 dk3z figs-you 0 you This is plural in verses 2 and 3. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 12 2 xl1k 0 you are the people “you are the important people who know everything”
|
||||
JOB 12 2 xl1k 0 you are the people Alternate translation: “you are the important people who know everything”
|
||||
JOB 12 3 kd9k figs-rquestion 0 Indeed, who does not know such things as these? Job used this question to express a truth that should be obvious to his listeners. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly there is no one who does not know such things as these.” or “Certainly everyone knows these things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 12 4 qdq1 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 I am something for my neighbor to laugh at—I, one who called on God and who was answered by him! The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words “even though.” Alternate translation: “I am something for my neighbor to laugh at—even though I am one who called on God and he answered me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
|
||||
JOB 12 4 f67d grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 I, a just and blameless man—I am now something to laugh at The relationship between these phrases can be made clear with the words “even though.” Alternate translation: “Even though I am a just and blameless man, people now laugh at me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ JOB 12 12 v4ft figs-abstractnouns 0 With aged men is wisdom “Aged men have wi
|
|||
JOB 12 12 lhn1 figs-abstractnouns 0 in length of days is understanding This represents people gaining understanding when they live a long time. The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed with the phrase “understand much.” Alternate translation: “people gain understanding when they live a long time” or “people who live a long time understand much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 12 13 mmb7 0 General Information: Verse 13 says that God is wise and mighty. The rest of this chapter shows that this is true by telling about the wise and mighty things that God does.
|
||||
JOB 12 13 tw4v figs-abstractnouns 0 With God are wisdom and might The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “might” can be expressed with the adjectives “wise” and “mighty.” Alternate translation: “God is wise and mighty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 12 14 aq2d 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 12 14 aq2d 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 12 14 v1pt figs-activepassive 0 it cannot be built again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can rebuild it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 12 14 c4eb figs-abstractnouns 0 if he imprisons someone, there can be no release The abstract noun “release” can be expressed with the verb “free.” Alternate translation: “if God shuts someone in, no one can free him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 12 15 pl3c figs-metaphor 0 if he withholds the waters, they dry up Possible meanings are that withholding waters represents: (1) preventing the rain from falling. Alternate translation: “if he stops the rain from falling the land dries up” or (2) preventing running water from flowing. Alternate translation: “if he stops the water from flowing, the land dries up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -699,12 +699,12 @@ JOB 12 16 gqf6 figs-abstractnouns 0 With him are strength and wisdom The abstra
|
|||
JOB 12 16 uuh8 0 people who are deceived and the deceiver are both in his power Being in God’s power represents God ruling over them. Alternate translation: “people who believe a lie and people who lie to others are both in his power” or “God rules over both people who believe lies and people who lie to others”
|
||||
JOB 12 17 lk8b figs-metaphor 0 He leads counselors away barefoot Leading counselors away barefoot represents taking away their wisdom and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 17 ux12 figs-abstractnouns 0 in sorrow The abstract noun “sorrow” can be expressed with the words “sad” or “grieve” Alternate translation: “and they feel very sad” or “and they grieve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 12 17 uu39 0 he turns judges into fools “he makes judges become foolish”
|
||||
JOB 12 17 uu39 0 he turns judges into fools Alternate translation: “he makes judges become foolish”
|
||||
JOB 12 18 w5lc figs-metonymy 0 He takes off the chain of authority from kings Possible meanings are that: (1) this is a metonym for causing kings to no longer have authority. Alternate translation: “He takes away the authority of kings” or (2) this is a metonym for setting people free from the chains that kings have put on them. Alternate translation: “He takes off the bonds that kings have put on people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 18 p4c4 figs-metonymy 0 he wraps a cloth about their waists This cloth is probably what a slave wears. To put these cloths on kings represents making the kings slaves. Alternate translation: “he makes kings wear the clothing of slaves” or “he makes them slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 19 mkn4 figs-metaphor 0 He leads priests away barefoot Leading priests away barefoot represents taking away their authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 19 wut2 figs-abstractnouns 0 in sorrow The abstract noun “sorrow” can be expressed with the words “sad” or “grieve” Alternate translation: “and they feel sad” or “and they grieve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 12 19 ch3f 0 overthrows mighty people “defeats powerful people”
|
||||
JOB 12 19 ch3f 0 overthrows mighty people Alternate translation: “defeats powerful people”
|
||||
JOB 12 20 g3na figs-metonymy 0 He removes the speech of those who had been trusted Removing their speech represents making them unable to speak. Alternate translation: “He makes those who were trusted unable to speak” or “He silences people whom others trusted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 20 dk1e figs-metonymy 0 takes away the understanding of the elders Taking away their understanding represents making them unable to understand or make good decisions. Alternate translation: “makes the elders unable to understand” or “makes the elders unable to make good decisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 20 gm4d 0 the elders This could mean: (1) the older people or (2) the leaders.
|
||||
|
|
@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ JOB 12 21 l74e figs-metaphor 0 He pours contempt upon princes Pouring contempt
|
|||
JOB 12 21 k6sg figs-metaphor 0 unfastens the belt of strong people The belt is a symbol of strength. Unfastening a strong person’s belt represents taking away his strength and making him weak. Alternate translation: “makes the strong people weak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 22 c31p figs-metaphor 0 He reveals the deep things of darkness Revealing things represents making them known. “Deep things from darkness” represent secrets that people do not know. Alternate translation: “He makes known secrets that people do not know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 22 bqc1 figs-metaphor 0 brings deep shadows into the light Bringing things out into the light represents making them known, and here “shadows” is a metonym for the things that are hidden in the shadows, which in turn are a metaphor for truths that God has hidden from people. Alternate translation: “makes known things that no one can see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 23 zzy8 0 He enlarges nations “He makes nations larger” or “He makes nations have more land”
|
||||
JOB 12 23 zzy8 0 He enlarges nations Alternate translation: “He makes nations larger” or “He makes nations have more land”
|
||||
JOB 12 23 dkw2 figs-metonymy 0 he also leads them along as prisoners God leading nations represents God causing enemy nations to lead them. The word “them” represents nations, which here represents the people of those nations. Alternate translation: “he also causes their enemies to lead them along as prisoners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 12 24 n4ta figs-metaphor 0 He takes away understanding from the leaders of the people of the earth Taking away their understanding represents causing them to be unable to understand. Alternate translation: “He causes the leaders of the people of the earth to be unable to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 12 24 w1re figs-metaphor 0 to wander in a wilderness where there is no path Wandering in a wilderness where there is no path represents being in a difficult situation and not knowing what to do. Alternate translation: “to be unsure of what to do like a person wandering in a wasteland with no path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -720,10 +720,10 @@ JOB 12 25 x7t2 figs-metaphor 0 They grope in the dark without light Being in th
|
|||
JOB 12 25 a21u figs-simile 0 he makes them stagger like a drunk man Staggering or wandering like a drunk man represents living without purpose. Alternate translation: “he makes them live without purpose like a drunk person who staggers as he walks” or “they wander aimlessly like a drunk person who staggers back and forth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 13 intro x1ub 0 # Job 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Zophar. It also contains Job’s claim of righteousness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness<br>Despite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. His friends, on the other hand, judge Job’s case, which Job recognizes to be Yahweh’s authority. These three friends therefore try to take God’s place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 13 1 i5ce 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 13 1 i4pc 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 13 1 i4pc 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 13 1 d8w1 figs-synecdoche 0 my eye has seen all this Job referred to himself as his eye since it is with his eyes that he saw these things. Alternate translation: “I have seen all this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 13 1 q1yi figs-synecdoche 0 my ear has heard and understood it Job referred to himself as his ear since it is with his ears that he heard these things. Alternate translation: “I have heard and understood it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 13 2 cq6c 0 What you know, the same I also know “What you know, I also know” or “I know as much as you”
|
||||
JOB 13 2 cq6c 0 What you know, the same I also know Alternate translation: “What you know, I also know” or “I know as much as you”
|
||||
JOB 13 3 lcm5 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 13 3 mx6r 0 I wish to reason with God Job’s friends are judging him, but they not speaking the truth. Job would rather argue with God alone about his complaint.
|
||||
JOB 13 4 f979 figs-metaphor 0 you whitewash the truth with lies Putting whitewash or plaster on the truth represents ignoring the truth. Alternate translation: “you hide the truth with lies” or “you lie and ignore the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -733,12 +733,12 @@ JOB 13 5 t33j figs-abstractnouns 0 That would be your wisdom They thought that
|
|||
JOB 13 6 ezt5 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 13 6 v78i figs-synecdoche 0 listen to the pleading of my own lips Here “lips” represent the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: “listen to what I myself plead for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 13 7 scy3 figs-rquestion 0 Will you speak unrighteously … deceitfully for him? Job uses these two questions to rebuke his friends for speaking unrighteously. Alternate translation: “You think that you are speaking for God, but you are speaking unrighteously. You are speaking deceitfully.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 13 7 gc76 0 talk deceitfully “lie” or “tell lies”
|
||||
JOB 13 7 gc76 0 talk deceitfully Alternate translation: “lie” or “tell lies”
|
||||
JOB 13 8 x6cv figs-rquestion 0 Will you show him partiality? Will you argue the case for God? Showing kindness to God represents helping God or defending God against Job’s complaints. Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends for thinking that they can defend God. Alternate translation: “You think that God need you to defend him? You think that you can argue for God like attorneys in court.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 13 9 i61h 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 13 9 l9wk figs-rquestion 0 Will it be good for you when he searches you out? Here “searches you out” is a metaphor meaning “examines you.” Job uses this question to warn his friends that if God were to examine them, he would say that what they are doing is wrong. Alternate translation: “When God examines you, it will not be good for you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 13 9 gk9j figs-rquestion 0 Could you deceive him as you might deceive men? Job uses this question to warn his friends that God knows the truth about them. Alternate translation: “You might be able to deceive men, but you cannot deceive God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 13 10 ecs9 0 reprove you “rebuke you”
|
||||
JOB 13 10 ecs9 0 reprove you Alternate translation: “rebuke you”
|
||||
JOB 13 10 g5lz 0 if in secret you showed partiality “if you secretly show favor to another.” Showing partiality refers to saying only good things about someone so that the judge will say that the person is good. Doing this in secret means pretending to speak fairly, but really favoring one person over another.
|
||||
JOB 13 11 bx5e 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 13 11 j11v figs-rquestion 0 Will not his majesty terrify you, and the dread of him fall upon you? Job uses these questions to rebuke his friends. This could mean: (1) Job is saying that they should fear God. Alternate translation: “His majesty should make you afraid, and his dread should fall on you.” or (2) Job is saying that they will fear God. Alternate translation: “His majesty will make you afraid, and his dread will fall on you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ JOB 13 18 dj3q 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to God.
|
|||
JOB 13 18 y2bk 0 See now This emphasizes what follows. “Listen now” or “Please pay special attention”
|
||||
JOB 13 18 mb7w figs-metaphor 0 I have set my defense in order Setting his defense in order represents deciding what he will say to defend himself. Alternate translation: “I have thought through how I will defend myself” or “I have decided how I will explain myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 13 19 u63c figs-rquestion 0 Who is the one who would argue against me in court? Job uses this question to express his belief that since he is right, no one would argue against him. Alternate translation: “I do not believe that anyone would argue against me in court.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 13 19 t9jj 0 If you came to do so “If you came to argue against me”
|
||||
JOB 13 19 t9jj 0 If you came to do so Alternate translation: “If you came to argue against me”
|
||||
JOB 13 19 v85m 0 If you “You” here means God himself.
|
||||
JOB 13 19 r79s figs-activepassive 0 if I were proved wrong This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you were to prove me wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 13 19 b4n5 figs-metaphor 0 give up my life Giving up one’s life is a metaphor for dying. Alternate translation: “die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -800,12 +800,12 @@ JOB 14 5 iz79 figs-metonymy 0 The number of his months is with you The number o
|
|||
JOB 14 5 jij3 figs-metaphor 0 you have appointed his limits that he cannot pass Passing a limit represents living past a time that God has set for a person to die. Alternate translation: “you have appointed the time that he will die, and he cannot live longer than that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 14 6 w4rx 0 hired man a man who is hired to do a job and goes home afterwards
|
||||
JOB 14 7 l8i1 figs-abstractnouns 0 There can be hope for a tree The abstract noun “hope” can be expressed with the verb “hope.” The hope is explained in verses 7-9. Alternate translation: “We can hope that a tree will live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 14 7 ezr1 0 it might sprout again “it might start growing again”
|
||||
JOB 14 7 ezr1 0 it might sprout again Alternate translation: “it might start growing again”
|
||||
JOB 14 7 jj4i figs-metaphor 0 so that its tender stalk does not disappear Disappearing represents dying. Alternate translation: “so that its young shoot will not die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 14 8 u25b 0 Though “Even if”
|
||||
JOB 14 8 u25b 0 Though Alternate translation: “Even if”
|
||||
JOB 14 8 cqw2 0 stump the part of the tree that remains sticking out of the ground after someone has cut down most of the tree
|
||||
JOB 14 9 f92c figs-personification 0 even if it only smells water This describes the dead stump as if it could smell water to represent water being near it. Alternate translation: “even if only a little water is near it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 14 9 dav4 0 it will bud “it will start growing”
|
||||
JOB 14 9 dav4 0 it will bud Alternate translation: “it will start growing”
|
||||
JOB 14 9 bx2i figs-personification 0 send out branches like a plant The tree sending out branches represents branches growing on the tree. Alternate translation: “branches will start growing on it like a plant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 14 10 wz2a figs-rquestion 0 then where is he? Job uses this question to emphasize that when a person dies, he is not present. Alternate translation: “no one knows where he is.” or “he is gone.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 14 11 jp78 0 Connecting Statement: Job begins to use word pictures to describe how it is that “man dies; he becomes weak” (verse 10).
|
||||
|
|
@ -815,14 +815,14 @@ JOB 14 12 a5nl figs-metaphor 0 so people lie down Lying down represents dying.
|
|||
JOB 14 12 h4i1 figs-metaphor 0 do not rise again Rising again represents living again. Alternate translation: “do not live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 14 13 wd65 0 General Information: Job continues speaking to God.
|
||||
JOB 14 13 w12i figs-exclamations 0 Oh, that you would hide me This is an exclamation showing what Job wants very much but does not really expect to happen. Alternate translation: “I wish that you would hide me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
|
||||
JOB 14 13 is2h 0 keep me in private “keep me locked up” or “keep me hidden”
|
||||
JOB 14 13 is2h 0 keep me in private Alternate translation: “keep me locked up” or “keep me hidden”
|
||||
JOB 14 13 km9h figs-idiom 0 call me to mind Call someone to mind is an idiom meaning to think about him. Alternate translation: “think about me” or “remember me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 14 14 u755 figs-rquestion 0 If a man dies, will he live again? The implicit answer is “no.” Alternate translation: “If a man dies, he will not live again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 14 14 a2dm figs-explicit 0 If so What “so” refers to is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “If he would live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 14 14 he34 0 to wait all my weary time there “to wait all my time there even though I would be weary”
|
||||
JOB 14 14 he34 0 to wait all my weary time there Alternate translation: “to wait all my time there even though I would be weary”
|
||||
JOB 14 14 ws2y figs-abstractnouns 0 until my release should come The abstract noun “release” can be expressed with the verb “release.” Alternate translation: “until I should be released” or “until you release me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 14 15 vrv7 0 General Information: Job continues speaking to God.
|
||||
JOB 14 15 tbe8 0 I would answer “I would do what you wanted me to do”
|
||||
JOB 14 15 tbe8 0 I would answer Alternate translation: “I would do what you wanted me to do”
|
||||
JOB 14 15 d3u1 figs-abstractnouns 0 You would have a desire for The noun “desire” can be expressed with the verbs “desire” or “want.” Alternate translation: “You would desire” or “You would want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 14 15 j3fp figs-metonymy 0 for the work of your hands Here God’s hands represent him making things. Job refers to himself as the work of God’s hands. Alternate translation: “for me, whom you have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JOB 14 16 k7q4 figs-hendiadys 0 number and care for These two verbs together express a single action. Alternate translation: “attentively care for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -847,13 +847,13 @@ JOB 15 intro p4sy 0 # Job 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>
|
|||
JOB 15 1 v5mb translate-names 0 Eliphaz the Temanite This is the name of a man. People from Teman are known as Temanites. See how you translated this in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 15 2 mw8h figs-rquestion 0 Should a wise man answer with useless knowledge and fill himself with the east wind? Eliphaz uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Job. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A wise man should not answer with useless knowledge nor fill himself with the east wind.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 15 2 hd46 figs-metaphor 0 fill himself with the east wind The wind represents emptiness. This phrase speaks of a person speaking empty and meaningless words as if that person were full of the wind. Alternate translation: “fill himself with empty words” or “only have meaningless words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 2 h768 0 the east wind “hot air” or “the desert wind”
|
||||
JOB 15 2 h768 0 the east wind Alternate translation: “hot air” or “the desert wind”
|
||||
JOB 15 3 mka2 figs-rquestion 0 Should he reason with unprofitable talk or with speeches with which he can do no good? Eliphaz uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Job. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “He should not reason with unprofitable talk nor with speeches with which he can do no good.” or “He should not argue using unprofitable talk or make speeches that accomplish nothing good.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 15 4 kfj8 0 you diminish respect for God This could mean: (1) “because of what you say and do, other people no longer respect God” or (2) “you are no longer respecting God.”
|
||||
JOB 15 4 k1xg 0 diminish make smaller
|
||||
JOB 15 4 fz3c 0 you obstruct devotion to him This could mean: (1) “you make it difficult for others to devote themselves to God” or (2) “you are no longer devoting yourself to God.”
|
||||
JOB 15 4 f5pv 0 obstruct block someone’s path
|
||||
JOB 15 4 p5a3 0 devotion to “meditation on” or “concern for”
|
||||
JOB 15 4 p5a3 0 devotion to Alternate translation: “meditation on” or “concern for”
|
||||
JOB 15 5 t4nv figs-personification 0 your iniquity teaches your mouth This describes “iniquity” as if it were a teacher and Job’s mouth is described as if it is learning. This means that his speech is greatly influenced by his iniquity. Alternate translation: “your iniquity is like a teacher and your mouth is like its student” or “it is because of your sin that you speak the way you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 5 el6q figs-synecdoche 0 your mouth This speaks of Job, but refers to his “mouth” to place emphasis on what he says. Alternate translation: “you to speak” or “you to say what you say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 15 5 tt4g figs-metonymy 0 to have the tongue of a crafty man This refers to the way a crafty man speaks as his “tongue.” Alternate translation: “to speak in the way of a crafty man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -870,7 +870,7 @@ JOB 15 9 afn9 figs-rquestion 0 What do you know that we do not know? The implic
|
|||
JOB 15 9 dt5n figs-rquestion 0 What do you understand that is not also in us? This speaks of the men having understanding as if it were something “inside” them. Alternate translation: “Everything you understand, we also understand.” or “We understand everything that you understand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 15 10 e1wm figs-metaphor 0 With us are both the gray-headed and the very aged men Eliphaz speaks of him and the other men having learned wisdom from older men and wisdom that had been passed down from men of previous generations as if these older men were physically present with them. Alternate translation: “We acquired wisdom from old gray-haired people, from people who were born before your father was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 11 w8rr 0 Are the consolations of God … gentle toward you? This rhetorical question is an accusation, with the implicit answer to the question being “yes.” This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You must think that the consolations of God are too small for you, the words that are gentle toward you”
|
||||
JOB 15 11 lg22 0 consolations “comforts” or “sympathies”
|
||||
JOB 15 11 lg22 0 consolations Alternate translation: “comforts” or “sympathies”
|
||||
JOB 15 12 bbd3 figs-metonymy 0 Why does your heart carry you away? Here the “heart” represents a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “Why do your emotions take you away?” or “Why do you allow your emotions to guide your decisions?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 12 c87r figs-explicit 0 Why do your eyes flash This probably refers to Job appearing angry, specifically the appearance of his eyes. Alternate translation: “Why do your eyes look angry” or “Why are you angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 15 13 q3sz figs-synecdoche 0 turn your spirit Here the “spirit” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “turn yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -880,20 +880,20 @@ JOB 15 14 n6c7 figs-rquestion 0 What is man that he should be clean? This rheto
|
|||
JOB 15 14 u6tx figs-metaphor 0 clean A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 14 z1zl figs-rquestion 0 What is he who is born of a woman that he should be righteous? This rhetorical question is asked to emphasize that a man cannot be completely “righteous.” This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A man who is born from a woman cannot be completely righteous.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 15 15 iv3b 0 See This word is used here to draw Job’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
|
||||
JOB 15 15 h358 0 his holy ones “his angels”
|
||||
JOB 15 15 h358 0 his holy ones Alternate translation: “his angels”
|
||||
JOB 15 15 pd53 figs-metaphor 0 clean Something that God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 15 q77f figs-metaphor 0 in his sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in his judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 16 gt36 figs-doublet 0 abominable and corrupt These two words basically mean the same thing and emphasize how wicked humans are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 15 16 we5g figs-metaphor 0 who drinks iniquity like water This describes iniquity as if it were water you can drink. It compares how the evil man desires to commit sin to how readily he desires to drink cool water. Alternate translation: “who love iniquity as much as they love a cup of fresh water” or “who commit evil deeds as often as they drink water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 17 fks4 figs-idiom 0 I will show you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will explain to you” or “I will make it clear to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 17 qvd8 0 I will announce “I will declare”
|
||||
JOB 15 17 qvd8 0 I will announce Alternate translation: “I will declare”
|
||||
JOB 15 18 q3uc figs-litotes 0 their ancestors did not hide Eliphaz emphasizes that their ancestors purposefully taught them these things. Alternate translation: “their ancestors taught openly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JOB 15 19 yjj4 figs-activepassive 0 to whom alone the land was given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to whom alone God gave the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 15 19 psj1 figs-explicit 0 among whom no stranger ever passed This means that no foreigner lived among them, specifically so that they would not be influenced by pagan religions. Alternate translation: “no one from another country came and caused them to think wrongly about God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 15 20 q88x 0 twists in pain “suffers a lot of pain.” This is either physical or emotional pain.
|
||||
JOB 15 20 caz3 figs-activepassive 0 the number of years that are laid up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the years that God has laid up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 15 20 s474 figs-idiom 0 that are laid up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that are prepared” or “that are set aside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 21 fj8p 0 A sound of terrors is in his ears “He constantly hears sounds that terrify him”
|
||||
JOB 15 21 fj8p 0 A sound of terrors is in his ears Alternate translation: “He constantly hears sounds that terrify him”
|
||||
JOB 15 22 ep91 0 Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues describing the wicked man he began to describe in [Job 15:20](../15/20.md).
|
||||
JOB 15 22 i3pk figs-idiom 0 return out of darkness Here “darkness” is a metaphor for trouble or misfortune. Alternate translation: “escape misfortune” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 22 lh1i figs-metonymy 0 the sword waits for him Here “the sword” is a metonym that represents an enemy who is waiting to kill the evil man. This could mean: (1) he is worried that someone will murder him. Alternate translation: “he worries that someone is about to murder him” or (2) it is certain that he is going to be murdered. Alternate translation: “someone is waiting to murder him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -901,14 +901,14 @@ JOB 15 23 k4qm figs-synecdoche 0 for bread Here “bread” refers to food in g
|
|||
JOB 15 23 ul3l figs-idiom 0 the day of darkness This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the day of disaster” or “the moment of his death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 23 gu8g figs-idiom 0 is at hand This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “is coming soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 15 24 vur7 figs-doublet 0 Distress and anguish make him afraid; they prevail against him The words “distress” and “anguish” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of the emotion. Here these feelings are spoken of as if they were an enemy who is attacking the wicked man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 15 24 e7mb 0 prevail against “overpower” or “defeat”
|
||||
JOB 15 24 e7mb 0 prevail against Alternate translation: “overpower” or “defeat”
|
||||
JOB 15 24 tg34 figs-simile 0 as a king ready for battle This compares how his distress and anguish overpower him to how a king, who is ready for battle, would prevail against him. Alternate translation: “just like a king, who is ready for a battle, would prevail against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 15 25 uuk8 translate-symaction 0 he has reached out with his hand against God “he has shook his fist against God.” This is a sign of aggression. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JOB 15 26 sx7v figs-metaphor 0 runs at God This speaks of the wicked man acting aggressively against God as if he were running towards him to attack him. Alternate translation: “attacks God” or “acts violently against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 26 b87u 0 with a thick shield “with his strong shield”
|
||||
JOB 15 26 b87u 0 with a thick shield Alternate translation: “with his strong shield”
|
||||
JOB 15 27 uc39 0 This is true “This” refers to the wicked man running at God from the previous verse.
|
||||
JOB 15 27 db71 figs-irony 0 he has covered his face with his fat and gathered fat on his loins This wicked man is described as fat and weak, while believing himself to be strong enough to defeat God. Alternate translation: “he is weak with a fat face and fat loins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 15 28 ki37 0 which no man inhabits “which are abandoned”
|
||||
JOB 15 28 ki37 0 which no man inhabits Alternate translation: “which are abandoned”
|
||||
JOB 15 28 r6h8 0 heaps piles of useless things
|
||||
JOB 15 29 r891 figs-litotes 0 He will not be rich; his wealth will not last These two litotes express that he will be the opposite of rich, that he will be poor. Alternate translation: “he will be poor; all his money will disappear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JOB 15 30 jpq7 figs-metonymy 0 out of darkness Darkness here represents death. Alternate translation: “out of the darkness of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -920,12 +920,12 @@ JOB 15 32 s26k figs-metaphor 0 his branch will not be green This speaks of the
|
|||
JOB 15 33 nci7 figs-parallelism 0 He will drop his … he will cast off his These two lines give a similar image, which is repeated to emphasize that this will surely happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 15 33 beb8 figs-metaphor 0 He will drop his unripe grapes like a grapevine This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were a grapevine dropping unripe grapes. Alternate translation: “Just like a grapevine drops its unripe grapes, so the wicked man will drop his strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 33 g676 figs-metaphor 0 he will cast off his flowers like the olive tree This speaks of the wicked man growing weak and dying as if he were an olive tree dropping its flowers. Alternate translation: “just like an olive tree loses its flowers, so the wicked man will lose his strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 34 rr5n 0 the company of godless people “the group of godless people”
|
||||
JOB 15 34 rr5n 0 the company of godless people Alternate translation: “the group of godless people”
|
||||
JOB 15 34 v3q1 figs-possession 0 fire will consume their tents of bribery The phrase “tents of bribery” means that the wicked people bought these tents with the money they made by bribery. Alternate translation: “the tents they bought with their bribes will be burned by fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
JOB 15 35 x22k figs-parallelism 0 They conceive mischief and give birth to iniquity; their womb conceives deceit The same thought is repeated three times to emphasize how much evil these people produce. This speaks of a person planning to do evil things and doing them as if the person were conceiving and giving birth to these things as a woman conceives and gives birth to a child. Alternate translation: “They plan to cause mischief and do evil things; they are always planning to deceive others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 15 35 u7sb figs-synecdoche 0 their womb conceives Here the “womb” is used to refer to the person to emphasize conception, as it is in the womb that conception takes place. Alternate translation: “they conceive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 16 intro j3zc 0 # Job 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s response<br>Job expresses shock and disgust at the advice Eliphaz gives to him. He even mocks Eliphaz. He describes the difficulties of his circumstances but never curses Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>### Advocate<br>Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
JOB 16 2 t7wj 0 you are all miserable comforters “instead of comforting me, you all make me more miserable”
|
||||
JOB 16 2 t7wj 0 you are all miserable comforters Alternate translation: “instead of comforting me, you all make me more miserable”
|
||||
JOB 16 3 p7ga figs-rquestion 0 Will useless words ever have an end? Job uses this rhetorical question to express that he wishes that they would stop speaking useless words. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “How I wish your useless words would end!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 16 3 g4tp figs-rquestion 0 What is wrong with you that you answer like this? Job uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Eliphaz. Here the word “you” is singular and refers to Eliphaz, who just finished speaking to Job. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Eliphaz, you should stop answering me like this!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 16 4 mg21 figs-metaphor 0 I could collect and join words together Job speaks of thinking of useless things to say as if his words were random items that he collected and joined together. Alternate translation: “I could think of things to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ JOB 16 5 i21i figs-metaphor 0 will bring you relief This speaks of grief as if
|
|||
JOB 16 6 vjz7 0 grief Job has experienced great loss of family and health that is unexplained and therefore causes him “great sorrow and emotional pain.”
|
||||
JOB 16 6 s8sf figs-rquestion 0 how am I helped? Job uses this rhetorical question to express that keeping quiet does not lessen his grief. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “it does not help me at all.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 16 7 t7qh 0 But now, God, you Job now turns his complaining to God.
|
||||
JOB 16 7 mrz6 0 made all my family desolate “destroyed all my family”
|
||||
JOB 16 7 mrz6 0 made all my family desolate Alternate translation: “destroyed all my family”
|
||||
JOB 16 8 z1f4 figs-explicit 0 You have made me dry up This means that Job’s body has shriveled and become wrinkled. Alternate translation: “You have made my body shrivel up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 16 8 pz4y figs-personification 0 which itself is a witness against me Job describes the shriveling of his body as if it were an accuser against him. Alternate translation: “and people think that shows me to be a sinner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 16 8 t163 figs-personification 0 the leanness of my body rises up against me, and it testifies against Job describes the thinness of his body as if it were accuser against him. Alternate translation: “They see how thin my body is, and they think that proves that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -965,9 +965,9 @@ JOB 16 18 xf2z figs-apostrophe 0 Earth, do not cover up my blood Jobs speaks to
|
|||
JOB 16 18 aj18 figs-metonymy 0 Earth, do not cover up my blood Job speaks of himself dying as if he would be murdered. Here his “blood” is a metonym referring to his death. Alternate translation: “Earth, when I die, do not hide how I died unfairly” or “Let it not be hidden how I died unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 16 18 bg2u figs-personification 0 let my cry have no resting place Job speaks of wanting everyone to know what happened to him as if his “cry” were a person that never stopped testifying to what happened to him and never rested. Alternate translation: “let everyone hear about what has happened to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 16 19 kg4r 0 see Job uses this word to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “listen”
|
||||
JOB 16 19 z7js 0 vouches for me “testifies that I am righteous”
|
||||
JOB 16 19 z7js 0 vouches for me Alternate translation: “testifies that I am righteous”
|
||||
JOB 16 19 dhm2 figs-idiom 0 on high This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in heaven” or “in heaven on high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 16 20 b5wz 0 scoff at “scorn” or “ridicule”
|
||||
JOB 16 20 b5wz 0 scoff at Alternate translation: “scorn” or “ridicule”
|
||||
JOB 16 20 v43g figs-hyperbole 0 my eye pours out tears Job describes how strongly he feels his sorrow. Here he exaggerates how he often cries by saying that tears pour from his eyes. Alternate translation: “my eyes are full of tears while I cry out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 16 21 izh8 figs-123person 0 for this man “for me.” Here Job refers to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JOB 16 21 kk12 figs-simile 0 as a man does with his neighbor! “as a man does for his neighbor.” Job describes how he wants that one in heaven to plead for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -975,19 +975,19 @@ JOB 16 22 z81v figs-explicit 0 I will go to a place Here Job is referring to hi
|
|||
JOB 17 intro rs6g 0 # Job 17 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Eliphaz, but it is more directly addressed to Yahweh.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s grief<br>Job expresses grief or great sadness in this chapter. He awaits the justice and intercession of Yahweh as he awaits his own death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/intercede]])<br><br>### Advocate<br>Job describes the need for someone to intercede for him in heaven. This person would be his advocate and provide a witness for him. Although this is probably not intended as a prophecy, it closely parallels the way Jesus intercedes for people in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
JOB 17 1 a993 0 General Information: Job continues to speak.
|
||||
JOB 17 1 c8r6 figs-synecdoche 0 My spirit is consumed Job refers to himself by his “spirit” to emphasize his inner emotions. He speaks of not having any strength left as if he were something that has been used up. Alternate translation: “I am consumed” or “I have lost all of my strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 17 1 yjx4 0 my days are over “my time is over” or “I am going to die soon”
|
||||
JOB 17 1 yjx4 0 my days are over Alternate translation: “my time is over” or “I am going to die soon”
|
||||
JOB 17 1 awv1 figs-personification 0 the grave is ready for me This phrase describes “the grave” as if it is a person who will receive Job as a guest. Alternate translation: “soon I will be dead and buried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 17 2 z26q 0 Surely there are mockers with me “Those who are around me are mocking me”
|
||||
JOB 17 2 jf81 0 Surely “Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
|
||||
JOB 17 2 z26q 0 Surely there are mockers with me Alternate translation: “Those who are around me are mocking me”
|
||||
JOB 17 2 jf81 0 Surely Alternate translation: “Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
|
||||
JOB 17 2 wp1h figs-synecdoche 0 my eye must always see Job refers to himself by his “eyes” to emphasize what he sees. Alternate translation: “I must always see” or “I must always hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 17 2 wr6q figs-abstractnouns 0 their provocation “their insults.” The word “provocation” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “them provoking me” or “them, trying to make me angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 17 3 fwk5 figs-metaphor 0 Give now a pledge, be a guarantee for me with yourself Job begins to speak to God. Here he speaks of his situation as if he were in prison. He is asking God to provide a pledge so that he may be released. Alternate translation: “God, give now a pledge so that I may be released from this prison” or “pay for my release from prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 17 3 l8dv figs-rquestion 0 who else is there who will help me? Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no one else to help him. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “there is no one else who will help me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 17 4 mbj8 0 General Information: Job continues to speak.
|
||||
JOB 17 4 fbr7 figs-synecdoche 0 have kept their hearts The word “their” refers to his friends. They are referred to by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “have kept them” or “have kept my friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 17 4 y4ne 0 you will not exalt them over me “you will not allow them to triumph over me”
|
||||
JOB 17 5 yxa4 0 He who “Anyone who”
|
||||
JOB 17 5 kb8z 0 denounces his friends for a reward “falsely accuses his friends in order to get a profit” or “betrays his friends to receive a reward”
|
||||
JOB 17 4 y4ne 0 you will not exalt them over me Alternate translation: “you will not allow them to triumph over me”
|
||||
JOB 17 5 yxa4 0 He who Alternate translation: “Anyone who”
|
||||
JOB 17 5 kb8z 0 denounces his friends for a reward Alternate translation: “falsely accuses his friends in order to get a profit” or “betrays his friends to receive a reward”
|
||||
JOB 17 5 i5ps figs-synecdoche 0 the eyes of his children will fail The person’s children are referred to here by their “eyes.” This phrase describes the children suffering because of what their father or mother did. Alternate translation: “his children will suffer for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 17 6 bm2l 0 General Information: Job continues to speak.
|
||||
JOB 17 6 kzr9 figs-explicit 0 he has made me a byword of the people This means that people speak of him in a mocking way and use his name as an insult. Alternate translation: “because of him, people use my name as an insult” or “because of them, people use my name as a byword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -995,8 +995,8 @@ JOB 17 6 me7l translate-symaction 0 they spit in my face “people spit in my f
|
|||
JOB 17 7 a9ip figs-metonymy 0 My eye is also dim because of sorrow Job speaks of his vision as his “eyes.” Alternate translation: “My vision has become weak because I am so sad” or “I am almost blind because of my sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 17 7 my86 figs-simile 0 all my body parts are as thin as shadows Shadows have no thickness and are infinitely thin. That is an exaggeration of how thin Job’s body parts are. Alternate translation: “all my body parts are very thin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 17 7 pis4 figs-hyperbole 0 all my body parts This is a generalization used to emphasize that his whole body is thin, but refers specifically to his arms and legs. Alternate translation: “my arms and legs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 17 8 cqh3 0 will be stunned “will be shocked” or “will be horrified”
|
||||
JOB 17 8 u28k 0 by this “by what has happened to me”
|
||||
JOB 17 8 cqh3 0 will be stunned Alternate translation: “will be shocked” or “will be horrified”
|
||||
JOB 17 8 u28k 0 by this Alternate translation: “by what has happened to me”
|
||||
JOB 17 8 g1f9 figs-idiom 0 will stir himself up against This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will be distressed because of” or “will be very angry with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 17 9 ib95 0 General Information: Job continues to speak.
|
||||
JOB 17 9 r9ay figs-idiom 0 will keep to his way This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will continue to live in a righteous way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1013,10 +1013,10 @@ JOB 17 12 fif1 figs-explicit 0 light is near to darkness It is implied that the
|
|||
JOB 17 13 iy1d 0 General Information: Job continues to speak.
|
||||
JOB 17 13 pj8i figs-hypo 0 If the only home … and if I have spread The instances of “if” here have the meaning of “since”; Job is speaking as if all these things were true. “Since the only home … and since I have spread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 17 13 h88c figs-metaphor 0 have spread my couch in the darkness Here Job speaks of being prepared to die as having laid his bed in the darkness. Alternate translation: “have prepared myself to go and sleep among the dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 17 13 kx3d 0 have spread my couch “have made my bed”
|
||||
JOB 17 13 kx3d 0 have spread my couch Alternate translation: “have made my bed”
|
||||
JOB 17 14 m7hf figs-hypo 0 if I have said The word “if” here has the meaning of “since”; Job is speaking as if this were true. “since I have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 17 14 ud6f figs-parallelism 0 I have said to the pit … and to the worm These two lines are a variation to each other and are used together to emphasize how desperate Job is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 17 14 z4yk 0 the pit “the grave”
|
||||
JOB 17 14 z4yk 0 the pit Alternate translation: “the grave”
|
||||
JOB 17 14 uwb3 figs-metaphor 0 You are my father Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with his grave by comparing it to the closeness a man has with his father. Alternate translation: “You are as close to me as my father” or “When I am buried, you will be as close to me as a father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 17 14 nrr3 0 the worm “the maggot.” Worms are the small creatures that eat dead bodies.
|
||||
JOB 17 14 e6lb figs-metaphor 0 You are my mother or my sister Job speaks of the closeness he will soon have with the worms in his grave by comparing it to the closeness a man has with his mother and sisters. Alternate translation: “You are as close to me as my mother or my sister” or “You will be as close to me as a mother or sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ JOB 18 intro qk5f 0 # Job 18 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>
|
|||
JOB 18 1 g41k writing-poetry 0 General Information: Bildad the Shuhite is speaking to Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 18 1 b2sb 0 Then Bildad the Shuhite answered and said “Bildad” is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah. See how you translated this in [Job 8:1](../08/01.md).
|
||||
JOB 18 2 b4en figs-rquestion 0 When will you stop your talk? This rhetorical question means that Job has been talking for too long. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Stop talking!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 18 2 jpp1 0 Consider, and “Be reasonable, and” or “Think about these things, and”
|
||||
JOB 18 2 jpp1 0 Consider, and Alternate translation: “Be reasonable, and” or “Think about these things, and”
|
||||
JOB 18 3 ejb1 0 General Information: Bildad continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 18 3 b16n figs-rquestion 0 Why are we regarded as beasts, stupid in your sight? Bildad uses this rhetorical questions to emphasize to Job that he should not consider his friends as animals who cannot think or speak. It can be written as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: “We should not be regarded as beasts, as stupid in your sight.” or “You should not regard us as beasts or think of us as stupid.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 3 myx4 figs-exclusive 0 Why are we The word “we” probably refers to Bildad and Job’s other friends and so is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1059,7 +1059,7 @@ JOB 18 10 u5yk figs-metaphor 0 A noose is … and a trap for him in the way The
|
|||
JOB 18 10 q4wx figs-activepassive 0 A noose is hidden for him on the ground This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone has hidden a noose on the ground in order to catch him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 10 xp42 0 A noose a rope with a loop that grabs hold of an animal’s leg when the animal steps in the middle of the loop
|
||||
JOB 18 10 f193 figs-ellipsis 0 a trap for him The understood verbal phrase “is hidden” may be supplied. Alternate translation: “a trap is hidden on the path to catch him” or “someone will hide a trap to catch him in the way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 18 11 e8bw 0 Terrors will make him afraid on every side “Terrors all around will make him afraid”
|
||||
JOB 18 11 e8bw 0 Terrors will make him afraid on every side Alternate translation: “Terrors all around will make him afraid”
|
||||
JOB 18 11 ln1g figs-personification 0 they will chase him at his heels This speaks of the things that terrify the wicked person as if they were enemies who chased him. Alternate translation: “it will be as if the terrors will chase him all around” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 18 12 r63p 0 General Information: Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
|
||||
JOB 18 12 v7el figs-metaphor 0 His wealth will turn into hunger This speaks of the wicked man becoming poor and hungry as if his wealth were something that turned into something else. Alternate translation: “Instead of being wealthy, he will become poor and hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ JOB 18 14 ct2u 0 General Information: Bildad continues to describe the wicked
|
|||
JOB 18 14 m1gl figs-activepassive 0 He is torn from the safety of his tent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Disaster rips him out of his tent, where he is safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 14 r3dq figs-activepassive 0 marched off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it marches him off” or “it forces him to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 14 atl1 figs-explicit 0 the king of terrors This is a reference to “King Death,” a pagan god who was believed to rule over death. Alternate translation: “the one who rules over the dead” or “the king of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 18 15 n4sy 0 People not his own “People who are not his family”
|
||||
JOB 18 15 n4sy 0 People not his own Alternate translation: “People who are not his family”
|
||||
JOB 18 15 fpm9 figs-activepassive 0 after they see that sulfur is scattered within his home People used sulfur to get rid of any diseases from a dying person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after they spread sulfur all over his home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 16 qa6m 0 General Information: Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
|
||||
JOB 18 16 uul5 figs-metaphor 0 His roots will be dried up … branch be cut off This speaks of the wicked man dying and having no descendants as if he were a tree whose roots dried up and branches withered, producing no fruit. Alternate translation: “He will die and leave no descendants, he will be like a tree whose roots have dried up and whose branches have all withered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1085,10 +1085,10 @@ JOB 18 18 w8ix figs-metonymy 0 from light into darkness The word “light” re
|
|||
JOB 18 18 pgz1 figs-metaphor 0 be chased out of this world This speaks of God making him leave earth and go where dead people go as if he were chasing him. Alternate translation: “God will make him leave this world” or “God will send him to the place where dead people go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 18 18 dr9v figs-activepassive 0 be chased out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will chase him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 18 19 u2ga figs-parallelism 0 He will have no son … nor any remaining kinfolk where he had stayed Together these two phrases emphasize that he will have no family or descendants left. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 18 19 chi9 0 son’s son “grandson” or “grandchild”
|
||||
JOB 18 19 asp3 0 kinfolk “relatives”
|
||||
JOB 18 19 chi9 0 son’s son Alternate translation: “grandson” or “grandchild”
|
||||
JOB 18 19 asp3 0 kinfolk Alternate translation: “relatives”
|
||||
JOB 18 20 wn9y figs-merism 0 Those who live in the west … those who live in the east will be frightened by it The phrases “in the west” and “in the east” are together a merism that refers to all people living everywhere. This is an exaggeration as not everyone on the earth will hear about what happened to a specific wicked person. Alternate translation: “Everyone in the whole world will be horrified and frightened when they see what happens to the wicked person” or “Many people who live in the east and in the west will be horrified and frightened when they see what happens to the wicked person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 18 20 r4pt 0 one day “someday”
|
||||
JOB 18 20 r4pt 0 one day Alternate translation: “someday”
|
||||
JOB 18 21 w31s 0 General Information: Bildad continues to describe the wicked person.
|
||||
JOB 18 21 da3s figs-parallelism 0 the homes of unrighteous people, the places of those who do not know God These two phrases have the same meaning and refer to the same people. Here these people are referred to by the places where they live. Alternate translation: “unrighteous people, those who do not know God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 19 intro vq57 0 # Job 19 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad.<br><br>Verses 25-27 are very important to this book. They show the great depth of Job’s faith in Yahweh after his most difficult time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1099,22 +1099,22 @@ JOB 19 2 r3lw figs-metaphor 0 break me into pieces with words Job uses this ima
|
|||
JOB 19 3 k3k9 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 3 k4th figs-idiom 0 These ten times you have reproached me The phrase “These ten times” refers to the way that the friends have completely rebuked Job. Alternate translation: “You have completely reproached me” or “You have reproached me many times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 19 3 uy8e 0 you are not ashamed that you have treated me harshly Job is rebuking them for this. This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “You should be ashamed that you have treated me so harshly”
|
||||
JOB 19 3 vjt8 0 have treated me harshly “have despised me” or “have publicly ridiculed me”
|
||||
JOB 19 4 f1ee 0 have erred “have sinned by accident” or “mistakenly sinned”
|
||||
JOB 19 3 vjt8 0 have treated me harshly Alternate translation: “have despised me” or “have publicly ridiculed me”
|
||||
JOB 19 4 f1ee 0 have erred Alternate translation: “have sinned by accident” or “mistakenly sinned”
|
||||
JOB 19 4 bfn1 figs-explicit 0 my error remains my own concern Job implies that his friends are not responsible for continuing to rebuke him since he is the one who made the error. Alternate translation: “my error is my own responsibility, so you should not continue to rebuke me” or “my error did not hurt you, so you should not continue to rebuke me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 19 4 fb5f 0 my error “my sin” or “my mistake”
|
||||
JOB 19 4 fb5f 0 my error Alternate translation: “my sin” or “my mistake”
|
||||
JOB 19 5 zw49 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 5 z7gm 0 If indeed you will exalt yourselves above me “If you think you are better than I am” or “Since you act as though you are better than I am”
|
||||
JOB 19 5 z7gm 0 If indeed you will exalt yourselves above me Alternate translation: “If you think you are better than I am” or “Since you act as though you are better than I am”
|
||||
JOB 19 5 ms5y figs-explicit 0 use my humiliation against me How his friends would do this can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “claim that my humiliation is proof against me” or “use my humiliation as evidence that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 19 5 tzm1 figs-abstractnouns 0 use my humiliation against me The abstract noun “humiliation” can be expressed with the verb “humiliate.” Alternate translation: “claim that what has happened to humiliate me proves that I am guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 19 6 gb9h figs-metaphor 0 has caught me in his net Job speaks as if God were a hunter that has trapped Job in his net. This metaphor represents God taking control of Job and Job’s feeling of helplessness. Alternate translation: “has trapped me” or “has taken control of me” or “has control of what happens to me, so that I am helpless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 7 gh9v 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 7 bp47 0 See, I cry out “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I cry out”
|
||||
JOB 19 7 bp47 0 See, I cry out Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I cry out”
|
||||
JOB 19 7 zyg9 figs-explicit 0 Violence! This is a cry for help. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Violence! Help!” or “Help! I am being attacked!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 19 7 i3lc 0 I call out for help “I shout for help” or “I cry for help”
|
||||
JOB 19 7 i3lc 0 I call out for help Alternate translation: “I shout for help” or “I cry for help”
|
||||
JOB 19 7 i4w8 figs-abstractnouns 0 but there is no justice The abstract noun “justice” can be translated with a phrase that makes the meaning clear. Alternate translation: “but no one protects me from those who do me wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 19 8 dpr7 figs-metaphor 0 He has walled up … darkness in my path Job uses these images to describe how God has made him feel helpless and hopeless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 8 ly9g 0 He has walled up my way so that I cannot pass “God has put a wall on the road that I am walking on” or “He has blocked the way so I cannot keep going”
|
||||
JOB 19 8 ly9g 0 He has walled up my way so that I cannot pass Alternate translation: “God has put a wall on the road that I am walking on” or “He has blocked the way so I cannot keep going”
|
||||
JOB 19 9 wfj7 figs-metaphor 0 He has stripped … the crown from my head Job uses these images to say that God has taken his good reputation, wealth, and dignity away from him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 9 hjr9 figs-metaphor 0 He has stripped me of my glory Job speaks of his glory as if it were a robe that God has taken away. Alternate translation: “He has taken away my glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 9 rf7s figs-metaphor 0 he has taken the crown from my head The crown refers to Job’s dignity or honor. Alternate translation: “he has taken away my dignity and honor” or “it is as though he has taken my crown off my head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1124,41 +1124,41 @@ JOB 19 10 r4pd figs-metaphor 0 I am gone The metaphor “being gone” represen
|
|||
JOB 19 10 jd8w figs-simile 0 he has pulled up my hope like a tree Job speaks of God causing Job not to have hope as if Job’s hope were a tree that God has pulled with its roots out of the ground. Alternate translation: “he has completely taken away all my hope” or “because of what he has done, I can no longer hope for anything good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 19 10 v64y figs-simile 0 like a tree This simile is also an ellipsis. You may need to supply the omitted words. Alternate translation: “the way a man pulls a tree up by its roots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 19 11 p3my figs-metaphor 0 He has also kindled his wrath against me Job speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “God has also lit a fire of anger against me” or “God has also become very angry with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 11 p3pk 0 he regards me as one of his adversaries “he thinks of me as an enemy”
|
||||
JOB 19 11 p3pk 0 he regards me as one of his adversaries Alternate translation: “he thinks of me as an enemy”
|
||||
JOB 19 12 wkz6 figs-metaphor 0 His troops come on together Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was a city and God was sending an army to attack it. Alternate translation: “God sends his army to attack me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 12 z3lb figs-metaphor 0 they cast up siege mounds against me Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was a city and God’s army was piling up dirt against the city wall in order to climb over the wall and attack the city. Alternate translation: “the soldiers pile up dirt in order to climb over my wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 12 fg89 figs-metaphor 0 encamp around my tent Job speaks of God attacking him as if Job was in his tent and God’s army was camping around him and preparing to attack him. Alternate translation: “they camp around my tent and prepare to attack me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 13 yi2e 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 13 zk2b figs-metaphor 0 He has put my brothers far from me Being “far from” someone represents being unwilling to relate to him or help him. Alternate translation: “God has caused my brothers to stay away from me” or “God caused my brothers to refuse to help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 13 iv61 figs-activepassive 0 my acquaintances are wholly alienated from me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my acquaintances have alienated themselves from me” or “my friends treat me like a stranger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 19 14 m425 0 My kinsfolk have failed me “My relatives have left me without help”
|
||||
JOB 19 14 m7pr 0 my close friends “my intimate friends”
|
||||
JOB 19 14 m425 0 My kinsfolk have failed me Alternate translation: “My relatives have left me without help”
|
||||
JOB 19 14 m7pr 0 my close friends Alternate translation: “my intimate friends”
|
||||
JOB 19 14 l2e7 0 have forgotten me “have abandoned me” or “have neglected me.” This means that they refuse to treat him according to how he and they had related to each other in the past. It implies that they abandoned him.
|
||||
JOB 19 15 dh34 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 15 kz75 0 regard me “consider me”
|
||||
JOB 19 15 kz75 0 regard me Alternate translation: “consider me”
|
||||
JOB 19 15 y376 figs-metaphor 0 I am an alien in their sight Job describes how people now think of him as an outsider. Here sight represents judgement or evaluation. Alternate translation: “they think of me as a foreigner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 16 x8ak 0 but he gives me no answer “but he does not respond to me” or “but he does not come to me.” The answer is a response to Job’s call.
|
||||
JOB 19 16 hds8 figs-metonymy 0 although I entreat him with my mouth The phrase “my mouth” is a metonym which refers to Job speaking. Alternate translation: “even though I speak to him and plead with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 19 16 h3pa 0 entreat him “plead with him”
|
||||
JOB 19 16 h3pa 0 entreat him Alternate translation: “plead with him”
|
||||
JOB 19 17 zq63 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 17 dgg7 figs-metonymy 0 My breath is offensive to my wife Here “breath” represents the smell of his breath. If something is offensive to someone, it means that he hates it. Alternate translation: “My wife hates the smell of my breath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 19 17 ufr3 figs-explicit 0 those who were born from my mother’s womb Job refers to his brothers and sisters this way to imply that they are people who should love him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “my own brothers who should love me” or “my brothers and sisters who should love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 19 18 wi94 0 despise me “hate me” or “detest me”
|
||||
JOB 19 18 fp7g 0 they speak against me “they ridicule me” or “they make fun of me”
|
||||
JOB 19 18 wi94 0 despise me Alternate translation: “hate me” or “detest me”
|
||||
JOB 19 18 fp7g 0 they speak against me Alternate translation: “they ridicule me” or “they make fun of me”
|
||||
JOB 19 19 uf7f 0 All my familiar friends “All my closest friends” or “All of my friends with whom I shared my secrets.” This refers to his closest friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 19 c1c6 0 abhor me “think I am disgusting”
|
||||
JOB 19 19 t7hn 0 have turned against me “have betrayed me”
|
||||
JOB 19 19 c1c6 0 abhor me Alternate translation: “think I am disgusting”
|
||||
JOB 19 19 t7hn 0 have turned against me Alternate translation: “have betrayed me”
|
||||
JOB 19 20 ca6u 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 20 lt45 0 My bones cling to my skin and to my flesh “I am just skin and bones” or “My skin sticks to my bones.” Job speaks of his bones, skin, and flesh to describe his appearance. He was extremely thin, and people could easily see the shape of his bones. Some languages have idioms for this.
|
||||
JOB 19 20 ud4z figs-idiom 0 I survive only by the skin of my teeth This idiom means that he is barely surviving, that he almost does not survive. Alternate translation: “I am barely alive” or “I hardly survive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 19 21 ux63 0 Have pity upon me “Have compassion on me”
|
||||
JOB 19 21 ux63 0 Have pity upon me Alternate translation: “Have compassion on me”
|
||||
JOB 19 21 tbg5 figs-metonymy 0 for the hand of God has touched me Here “touched me” is a metonym for “hit me.” And, “hand” represents God’s power. Causing Job to suffer is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically hitting him with his hand. Alternate translation: “because God has afflicted me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 22 g28h figs-rquestion 0 Why do you pursue me … God does? Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alternate translation: “Do not persecute me … God does!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 19 22 c296 figs-rquestion 0 Will you ever be satisfied with my flesh? Job uses this question to complain about how his friends are treating him. Alternate translation: “You have consumed my flesh enough!” or “Stop consuming my flesh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 19 22 y17f figs-metaphor 0 Will you ever be satisfied with my flesh? Job speaks of his friends speaking so cruelly to him as if they were wild beasts eating up another animal. Alternate translation: “Stop violently slandering me.” or “Stop attacking me with your words.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 23 gs1m 0 General Information: Job continues to speak to his three friends.
|
||||
JOB 19 23 r9n7 figs-exclamations 0 Oh, that my words were now written down This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would write down my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 19 23 llm4 0 my words “what I am saying”
|
||||
JOB 19 23 llm4 0 my words Alternate translation: “what I am saying”
|
||||
JOB 19 23 ti7g figs-exclamations 0 Oh, that they were inscribed in a book This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would write them in a book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 19 24 a2et figs-exclamations 0 Oh, that with an iron pen and lead they were engraved in the rock forever This exclamation tells what Job wishes for. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would use an iron pen and lead to carve them in the rock forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 19 24 gz9c 0 an iron pen “an iron chisel.” This was a tool used for writing. It was made of iron so that people could carve words in rock.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ JOB 19 28 np8p figs-exclamations 0 How we will persecute him! This is an exclam
|
|||
JOB 19 28 ddd3 figs-metaphor 0 The root of his troubles lies in him The “root” represents the source. Alternate translation: “He is the source of all his troubles” or “He has all these troubles because of what he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 19 29 tw35 figs-metonymy 0 then be afraid of the sword Possible meanings are that the sword represents: (1) God judging them. Alternate translation: “then be afraid that God will judge you” or (2) God killing them. Alternate translation: “then be afraid that God will kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 19 29 t8gg figs-abstractnouns 0 because wrath brings the punishment of the sword The abstract nouns “wrath” and “punishment” can be expressed with the adjective “angry” and the verb “punish.” This could mean: (1) God’s anger results in punishment. Alternate translation: “because God will be angry with you and punish you” or (2) the anger of Job’s friends results in punishment. Alternate translation: “because if you are so angry with me, God will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 19 29 yy9j 0 brings “causes” or “results in”
|
||||
JOB 19 29 yy9j 0 brings Alternate translation: “causes” or “results in”
|
||||
JOB 19 29 n1i1 figs-abstractnouns 0 there is a judgment The abstract noun “judgment” can be expressed with the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “God judges people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 20 intro p78g 0 # Job 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Zophar. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke, and he is even angry at Job. He claims that Job took advantage of the poor and is being punished for it.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Zophar’s advice<br>Zophar tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Zophar gives to Job is bad advice. He tries to convince Job that he is sinning and has been punished by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>There are many metaphors used in this chapter. Zophar uses them to explain the temporary nature of life and riches. He also uses them to describe God’s punishment of Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 1 p292 0 General Information: Zophar replies to Job.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1201,13 +1201,13 @@ JOB 20 6 by93 figs-metaphor 0 his head reaches to the clouds “and though his
|
|||
JOB 20 7 b9xv figs-simile 0 will perish permanently like his own feces Feces mixes in with the ground and disappears. The reference to feces may also imply that the wicked person is worthless. Alternate translation: “will perish permanently like his feces, which completely disappears in the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 20 7 x122 figs-simile 0 will perish permanently like his own feces If people are embarrassed about the word feces, translators may refer to something else that disappears completely. Alternate translation: “will disappear permanently like dust that the wind blows away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 20 8 vvz8 0 General Information: Zophar continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 20 8 sfs4 0 He will “The wicked person will”
|
||||
JOB 20 8 sfs4 0 He will Alternate translation: “The wicked person will”
|
||||
JOB 20 8 rep3 figs-parallelism 0 He will fly away like a dream … he will be chased away like a vision of the night Here “fly away” and “be chased away” represent disappearing. They may also imply being forgotten, since dreams and visions disappear when people forget them. Alternate translation: “He will disappear like a dream … he will be forgotten like a vision of the night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 20 8 byk9 figs-activepassive 0 will not be found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will find him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 20 9 xu8t figs-synecdoche 0 The eye that saw him The eye represents a person. Alternate translation: “Anyone who saw him” or “The people who saw him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 20 9 x7cu figs-metonymy 0 his place The phrase “his place” represents those who live in his place. Alternate translation: “the people who live in his place” or “his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 20 10 g9wj 0 General Information: Zophar continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 20 10 v5ee 0 His children “The wicked person’s children”
|
||||
JOB 20 10 v5ee 0 His children Alternate translation: “The wicked person’s children”
|
||||
JOB 20 10 lji7 figs-metonymy 0 his hands will have to give back his wealth Here the word “hands” refers to the wicked man’s children. When he dies, his children will have to return everything that he took from others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 20 11 re6y figs-synecdoche 0 His bones are full of youthful strength The word “bones” represents his body. Being “full of youthful strength” represents being strong like a young person. Alternate translation: “His body is strong like a young person’s body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 11 je7r figs-metonymy 0 but it will lie down with him in the dust The word “it” refers to his youthful strength. The metonym “lie down … in the dust” represents dying. The strength dying is a metaphor for disappearing. Alternate translation: “but his youthful strength will die with him” or “but his youthful strength will disappear when he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@ JOB 20 18 th8a figs-metaphor 0 the fruit of his labor Normally “the fruit of
|
|||
JOB 20 18 w9e5 figs-metaphor 0 will not be able to eat it Here “to eat” the fruit of his labor represents enjoying the things he had stolen. Alternate translation: “will not be able to enjoy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 21 e2vt figs-doublenegatives 0 There is nothing left that he did not devour This can be reworded with only one of the negatives. Alternate translation: “He devoured everything, and there is nothing left” or “There is nothing left because he devoured everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JOB 20 21 zi35 figs-metaphor 0 There is nothing left that he did not devour Here “devour” represents taking things for himself. Alternate translation: “There is nothing left that he did not take for himself” or “He took everything for himself, and there is nothing left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 22 k3n2 0 he will fall into trouble “he will suddenly experience trouble”
|
||||
JOB 20 22 k3n2 0 he will fall into trouble Alternate translation: “he will suddenly experience trouble”
|
||||
JOB 20 22 tq3y figs-metonymy 0 the hand of everyone who is in poverty will come against him Here “hand” represents power, and “hand … will come against him” represents people attacking him. The abstract noun “poverty” can be expressed with the adjective “poor.” Alternate translation: “everyone who is in poverty will attack him” or “everyone who is poor will attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 20 23 d3ga 0 General Information: Zophar continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 20 23 d4yy figs-metonymy 0 to fill his stomach Here “fill his stomach” is a metonym meaning eat a lot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1251,18 +1251,18 @@ JOB 20 27 v1vg figs-metonymy 0 The heavens … the earth Possible meanings are:
|
|||
JOB 20 28 pfc3 0 General Information: This concludes Zophar’s speech to Job.
|
||||
JOB 20 28 u2v7 0 vanish disappear
|
||||
JOB 20 28 r6s5 figs-metaphor 0 his goods will flow away on Here “flow away” represents being taken away from him. Alternate translation: “his goods will be taken away from him, like goods that float away in a flood, on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 28 wi73 0 his goods “his possessions”
|
||||
JOB 20 28 wi73 0 his goods Alternate translation: “his possessions”
|
||||
JOB 20 28 e2e8 figs-metonymy 0 the day of God’s wrath Here “wrath” represents punishment. The abstract noun “wrath” can be expressed with the verb punish. Alternate translation: “the day when God punishes people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 20 29 d9w5 figs-metaphor 0 This is the wicked man’s portion from God Here “portion from God” represents what God has decided should happen to someone. It is spoken of as if it were something that God would give him. Alternate translation: “This is what God has decided should happen to the wicked man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 20 29 a1s8 figs-metaphor 0 the heritage reserved for him by God This represents what God has decided should happen to someone. It is spoken of as if it were something that God would give him as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “what God has planned to give to him” or “what God has planned should happen to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 21 intro k6tx 0 # Job 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Zophar. It is also a response to all three of his friends in general.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ancestor’s sin<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to believe that a person could be punished because of the sins of their fathers and ancestors. It was seen as the punishment of a god. While a father’s sin may have consequences for their children, Yahweh does not punish people because of their father’s sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Job uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Zophar that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 21 1 l3vp 0 Connecting Statement: Job begins to answer Zophar’s accusations.
|
||||
JOB 21 3 x7gy 0 Put up with me “Allow me” or “Be patient with me”
|
||||
JOB 21 3 x7gy 0 Put up with me Alternate translation: “Allow me” or “Be patient with me”
|
||||
JOB 21 3 w3a4 figs-irony 0 mock on “you can continue mocking me.” Job is using sarcasm to imply that his friends would ignore what he would say and continue to mock him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 21 4 ztr6 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 21 4 d6w5 figs-rquestion 0 As for me, is my complaint to a person? Why should I not be impatient? Job uses questions to emphasize that he thinks it is fair for him to complain to God. Alternate translation: “I am not complaining to a person. I have the right to be impatient” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 21 5 lu7q translate-symaction 0 lay your hand upon your mouth “cover your mouth with your hand.” Possible meanings are that: (1) this is a response to being astonished. Alternate translation: “cover your mouth with your hand” or (2) this is a symbol that the person will not speak. Alternate translation: “do not say anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JOB 21 6 f8uu 0 trembling seizes my body “fear causes my body to tremble” or “I shake with fear”
|
||||
JOB 21 6 f8uu 0 trembling seizes my body Alternate translation: “fear causes my body to tremble” or “I shake with fear”
|
||||
JOB 21 7 suz1 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 21 7 i446 figs-rquestion 0 Why do wicked people continue to live, become old, and grow mighty in power? Job uses this question to show that his friends are wrong to think evil men always suffer. Alternate translation: “Wicked people indeed continue to live, become old, and become wealthier.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 21 8 w7je figs-parallelism 0 Their descendants are established with them in their sight … their offspring are established before their eyes This two clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that this is true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1270,11 +1270,11 @@ JOB 21 8 n4np figs-parallelism 0 in their sight … before their eyes These phr
|
|||
JOB 21 9 e8z5 figs-metonymy 0 Their houses Here “houses” refers to the family members that lives in them. Alternate translation: “Their families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 21 9 u9sb figs-metonymy 0 rod of God This refers to God’s punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 21 10 v7y4 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to his friends.
|
||||
JOB 21 10 za7c 0 does not lose her calf prematurely “she does not miscarry” or “her calf is born healthy and strong”
|
||||
JOB 21 10 za7c 0 does not lose her calf prematurely Alternate translation: “she does not miscarry” or “her calf is born healthy and strong”
|
||||
JOB 21 11 f9ae figs-simile 0 little ones like a flock Job compares these children to lambs to emphasize that they run, play, and are happy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 21 12 w5nf translate-unknown 0 tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
JOB 21 13 elg8 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking with his friends.
|
||||
JOB 21 13 s7tf 0 their days “their lifetime”
|
||||
JOB 21 13 s7tf 0 their days Alternate translation: “their lifetime”
|
||||
JOB 21 13 bx7u figs-euphemism 0 they go down quietly to Sheol This is a polite way of saying that they die. Alternate translation: “they die peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOB 21 14 fm9x 0 your ways This refers to how God wants people to behave.
|
||||
JOB 21 15 k5g5 figs-rquestion 0 What is the Almighty, that we should worship him? What advantage would we get if we prayed to him? The wicked people use these questions to mock God. Alternate translation: “We do not believe that this Almighty God is worthy of our worship. He can do nothing for us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1339,12 +1339,12 @@ JOB 22 7 q9nb figs-synecdoche 0 withheld bread Here “bread” refers to food
|
|||
JOB 22 8 dj3n figs-parallelism 0 possessed the earth … lived in it Eliphaz is accusing Job of taking land from poor people and not allowing them to live on it. He is emphasizing this point by restating it twice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 22 8 gry9 figs-hyperbole 0 possessed the earth Eliphaz is exaggerating the amount of land that Job owned in order to portray Job as greedy. Alternate translation: “possessed a great amount of land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 22 9 ti2j 0 Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 22 9 u5gg 0 You have sent widows away empty “You made widows go away with nothing”
|
||||
JOB 22 9 u5gg 0 You have sent widows away empty Alternate translation: “You made widows go away with nothing”
|
||||
JOB 22 9 kyr7 0 widows women whose husbands have died
|
||||
JOB 22 9 pdd7 figs-metonymy 0 the arms of the fatherless have been broken Here “arms” refer to power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you even oppressed orphans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 22 10 wdg6 figs-metaphor 0 snares are all around you … sudden fear troubles you These are metaphors for trouble and danger. Alternate translation: “you are always in danger … you become afraid for no reason” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 22 11 kz5f figs-metaphor 0 There is darkness … an abundance of waters covers you Each of these metaphors means troubles and dangers are all around Job because of his sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 22 11 a6pa 0 an abundance of waters “a flood”
|
||||
JOB 22 11 a6pa 0 an abundance of waters Alternate translation: “a flood”
|
||||
JOB 22 12 n1zi 0 Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 22 12 st8p figs-rquestion 0 Is not God in the heights of heaven? Eliphaz uses this question to say that God sees Job’s sin and will judge him. Alternate translation: “God is in the heights of heaven and sees everything that happens on earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 22 12 rtk3 figs-explicit 0 Look at the height of the stars, how high they are! Eliphaz implies that God is higher than the stars. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Look at how high the stars are. God is even higher than the stars!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1355,11 +1355,11 @@ JOB 22 16 iid8 figs-metaphor 0 those who were snatched away Dying is compared t
|
|||
JOB 22 16 lc5k figs-simile 0 those whose foundations have washed away like a river The death of wicked people is compared to buildings that had their foundations washed away by a flood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 22 17 q2mt figs-rquestion 0 What can the Almighty do to us? Eliphaz quotes a question wicked people use to mock God. Alternate translation: “The Almighty cannot do anything to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 22 18 nr68 0 Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 22 18 jh2r 0 Yet he filled “Yet God filled”
|
||||
JOB 22 18 jh2r 0 Yet he filled Alternate translation: “Yet God filled”
|
||||
JOB 22 18 l57x figs-idiom 0 the plans of wicked people are far from me The idiom “far from me” means Eliphaz rejects them. Alternate translation: “but I will not listen to their wicked plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 22 19 ku9s 0 see their fate “know what will happen to the wicked”
|
||||
JOB 22 19 q2jl 0 laugh them to scorn “mock the wicked people”
|
||||
JOB 22 20 j4fq 0 They say “The righteous say”
|
||||
JOB 22 19 ku9s 0 see their fate Alternate translation: “know what will happen to the wicked”
|
||||
JOB 22 19 q2jl 0 laugh them to scorn Alternate translation: “mock the wicked people”
|
||||
JOB 22 20 j4fq 0 They say Alternate translation: “The righteous say”
|
||||
JOB 22 20 jwg8 figs-activepassive 0 Surely those who rose up against us are cut off Here “those who rose up” refers to the wicked people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Surely God has destroyed the wicked people who harmed us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 22 21 z6jk 0 Connecting Statement: Eliphaz continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 22 21 aj2c 0 Now Eliphaz uses this word to introduce something important he is about to say.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1387,13 +1387,13 @@ JOB 23 2 ke1p figs-idiom 0 my complaint is bitter Job speaks of his unanswered
|
|||
JOB 23 2 cm2j figs-metonymy 0 my hand … heavy because of my groaning This could mean: (1) “I can barely lift my hand because of my groaning” or (2) “God’s hand continues to make me suffer in spite of my groaning” where “hand” refers to God’s power to punish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 23 3 k3e2 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 23 3 pn2b figs-parallelism 0 Oh, that I knew where … Oh, that I might come These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to meet with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 23 3 rpr9 0 I might find him “I might find God”
|
||||
JOB 23 3 rpr9 0 I might find him Alternate translation: “I might find God”
|
||||
JOB 23 4 u14t figs-parallelism 0 lay my case … fill my mouth These two lines mean the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to explain his situation to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 23 4 vtm3 figs-metonymy 0 fill my mouth with arguments Here “fill my mouth” refers to speaking. Alternate translation: “I would speak all of my arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 23 5 jln8 figs-parallelism 0 I would learn the words … would understand These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize Job’s desire to hear God’s answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 23 5 s5td 0 the words with which he would answer me “the answer that he would give me”
|
||||
JOB 23 5 s5td 0 the words with which he would answer me Alternate translation: “the answer that he would give me”
|
||||
JOB 23 6 p72s 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 23 6 tw6n 0 Would he “Would God”
|
||||
JOB 23 6 tw6n 0 Would he Alternate translation: “Would God”
|
||||
JOB 23 7 lx63 0 There This refers to the place where God is.
|
||||
JOB 23 7 aw1l figs-activepassive 0 I would be acquitted forever by my judge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my judge would acquit me forever” or “God, who is my judge, would say that I am innocent once and for all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 23 8 tfb8 figs-merism 0 Job continues speaking. He begins using a merism to say that he has looked everywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1410,9 +1410,9 @@ JOB 23 12 m22y figs-metonymy 0 of his lips This phrase refers to the message th
|
|||
JOB 23 12 tcz4 figs-synecdoche 0 the words of his mouth Here God is represented by his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “what he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 23 13 xe4e 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 23 13 l1d5 figs-rquestion 0 But he is one of a kind, who can turn him back? Job uses this question to emphasize that there is no one like God and no one can force him to change. Alternate translation: “But there is no one like him, and nobody can make him change his mind.” or “But he alone is God, and no one can influence him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 23 13 if99 0 What he desires, he does “He does whatever he wants to do”
|
||||
JOB 23 14 g641 0 he carries out his decree against me “he is doing to me what he said he would do”
|
||||
JOB 23 14 i8u2 0 there are many like them “he has many similar plans for me”
|
||||
JOB 23 13 if99 0 What he desires, he does Alternate translation: “He does whatever he wants to do”
|
||||
JOB 23 14 g641 0 he carries out his decree against me Alternate translation: “he is doing to me what he said he would do”
|
||||
JOB 23 14 i8u2 0 there are many like them Alternate translation: “he has many similar plans for me”
|
||||
JOB 23 15 n27i figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Each of these verses has the form of a parallelism to emphasize the main point Job makes there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 23 15 sw44 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 23 16 p6ma figs-parallelism 0 For God has made my heart weak; the Almighty has terrified me These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Job is very afraid of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1426,32 +1426,32 @@ JOB 24 1 ej3y figs-rquestion 0 Why do not those who are faithful to God see his
|
|||
JOB 24 2 h88w 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 2 pse5 0 boundary markers These are stones or other objects to mark the boundary between the lands owned by different people.
|
||||
JOB 24 2 mn98 0 pastures land with grass for animals to eat
|
||||
JOB 24 3 fml5 0 They drive away “They steal”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 y9i2 0 those without fathers “orphans” or “children whose parents have died”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 m884 0 they take the widow’s ox as security “they take widows’ oxen to guarantee that the widows will pay back the money that they loaned to those widows”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 fml5 0 They drive away Alternate translation: “They steal”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 y9i2 0 those without fathers Alternate translation: “orphans” or “children whose parents have died”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 m884 0 they take the widow’s ox as security Alternate translation: “they take widows’ oxen to guarantee that the widows will pay back the money that they loaned to those widows”
|
||||
JOB 24 3 e6wc 0 widow a woman whose husband has died
|
||||
JOB 24 3 uu5w 0 as security A lender would take something from a borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back.
|
||||
JOB 24 4 lzi7 0 out of their path “out of their way” or “off the road”
|
||||
JOB 24 4 lzi7 0 out of their path Alternate translation: “out of their way” or “off the road”
|
||||
JOB 24 4 r5d2 figs-hyperbole 0 poor people of the earth all hide themselves The word “all” is an exaggeration to show that many poor people are afraid of these wicked people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JOB 24 5 d79k 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 5 m813 figs-simile 0 these poor people go out to their work like wild donkeys in the wilderness, looking carefully for food These poor people are spoken of as if they are wild donkeys who do not know where they will find food. Alternate translation: “these poor people go out to search for food as if they were wild donkeys in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 24 5 yaj6 0 wild donkeys “donkeys that no one owns or cares for”
|
||||
JOB 24 5 yaj6 0 wild donkeys Alternate translation: “donkeys that no one owns or cares for”
|
||||
JOB 24 6 j8dx figs-parallelism 0 Poor people reap in the night … they glean grapes These two lines describe the same thing and are used together to emphasize that these people are so hungry that they are forced to steal food at night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 24 7 u7w8 figs-parallelism 0 They lie naked … they have no covering These two lines describe the same thing and are used together to emphasize that these people do not have enough clothing to keep warm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 24 8 a2gx 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 8 j5eb 0 They are wet with the showers of the mountains “They become wet when it rains in the mountains”
|
||||
JOB 24 8 j5eb 0 They are wet with the showers of the mountains Alternate translation: “They become wet when it rains in the mountains”
|
||||
JOB 24 9 t1ki figs-synecdoche 0 orphans from their mothers’ breast Here “breast” refers to the mother. This implies that these orphans are still very young. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “young orphans out of their mothers’ arms” or “fatherless infants from their mothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 24 9 ahj1 0 orphans This generally refers to children without parents. Here, however, it is used for children who have mothers but do not have fathers.
|
||||
JOB 24 9 ma3c 0 take children as security from poor people “take poor people’s children to guarantee that the poor people will pay back money that they borrowed from the wicked people”
|
||||
JOB 24 9 ma3c 0 take children as security from poor people Alternate translation: “take poor people’s children to guarantee that the poor people will pay back money that they borrowed from the wicked people”
|
||||
JOB 24 9 yq41 0 as security A lender would take something from a borrower to ensure that the borrower pays him back. See how you translated this in [Job 24:3](../24/03.md).
|
||||
JOB 24 10 u922 0 go about “walk around”
|
||||
JOB 24 10 u922 0 go about Alternate translation: “walk around”
|
||||
JOB 24 10 eps1 figs-doublet 0 naked without clothing The words “without clothing” mean the same thing as “naked.” Alternate translation: “completely naked” or “naked because they have no clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 24 10 qj7x 0 they carry bundles of grain belonging to other people This means their work will provide food for others but not for themselves.
|
||||
JOB 24 11 fp3g 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 11 rks1 0 The poor people make oil they squeezed olives in order to extract olive oil from them
|
||||
JOB 24 11 mr4m figs-synecdoche 0 within the walls of those wicked men Here “walls” refers to the whole house. Alternate translation: “in the houses of those evil men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 24 11 z8b4 figs-explicit 0 they tread the wicked men’s winepresses It may be helpful to state that they do this to produce juice to make wine. Alternate translation: “they tread on grapes to make juice for wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 24 11 a1m7 0 they themselves suffer thirst “they suffer from thirst” or “they are thirsty”
|
||||
JOB 24 11 a1m7 0 they themselves suffer thirst Alternate translation: “they suffer from thirst” or “they are thirsty”
|
||||
JOB 24 13 m581 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 13 dl4e figs-metaphor 0 rebel against the light Here, **light** could mean: (1) visible light or (2) spiritual light, which refers to God or living righteously. Alternate translation: “hate the daylight” or “do not want to do things openly” or “rebel against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 24 13 djk4 figs-metaphor 0 they know not its ways, nor do they stay in its paths These two lines describe the same thing, and are used together to emphasize that they do not want to follow the ways of the light. Alternate translation: “they do not know how to live a moral life; they stay far away from living a righteous life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1459,12 +1459,12 @@ JOB 24 14 u116 figs-doublet 0 poor and needy people The words “poor” and
|
|||
JOB 24 14 d2ft figs-simile 0 he is like a thief The murderer kills in secret just like a thief steals without anyone seeing what he does. Alternate translation: “he kills people secretly, just like a thief steals secretly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 24 15 jp3l 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 15 mza9 figs-synecdoche 0 the eye of the adulterer Here “eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “the adulterer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 24 15 ymp3 0 for the twilight “for the sunset”
|
||||
JOB 24 15 ymp3 0 for the twilight Alternate translation: “for the sunset”
|
||||
JOB 24 15 ewy1 figs-synecdoche 0 No eye will see me Here “eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “No one will see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 24 16 c35g figs-explicit 0 wicked people dig into houses They dig into the houses in order to steal from them. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “wicked people dig into houses to steal from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 24 16 k9sq 0 they shut themselves up “they hide inside”
|
||||
JOB 24 16 k9sq 0 they shut themselves up Alternate translation: “they hide inside”
|
||||
JOB 24 17 g55x figs-simile 0 For all of them, thick darkness is like the morning The thick darkness is as comfortable for the wicked as light of the morning is for normal people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 24 17 y5ib 0 the terrors of thick darkness “the scary things that happen at night”
|
||||
JOB 24 17 y5ib 0 the terrors of thick darkness Alternate translation: “the scary things that happen at night”
|
||||
JOB 24 18 ay3v 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 18 f772 figs-simile 0 like foam on the surface of the waters Foam lasts only a short time. This emphasizes how quickly God will cause the wicked to disappear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 24 18 lat6 figs-activepassive 0 their portion of the land is cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God curses the part of the land that they own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ JOB 24 21 ys4w figs-metaphor 0 The wicked one devours This metaphor emphasizes
|
|||
JOB 24 21 m9u5 0 the barren women who have not borne children The people of that day considered that a woman who was barren was cursed by God. Therefore, this represents the most unfortunate women.
|
||||
JOB 24 21 i5m9 0 widow a woman whose husband has died
|
||||
JOB 24 22 xl8g 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 24 22 ps1m 0 by his power “by using his power” or “because he is powerful”
|
||||
JOB 24 22 ps1m 0 by his power Alternate translation: “by using his power” or “because he is powerful”
|
||||
JOB 24 22 x59s figs-idiom 0 he rises up and does not strengthen them in life Here “does not strengthen them in life” means God does not keep them alive. Alternate translation: “God rises up and does not give wicked people the strength to live” or “God rises up and causes them to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 24 23 qks3 figs-synecdoche 0 but his eyes are on their ways Here “eyes” refers to God. Alternate translation: “but he is always watching what they do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 24 24 yq9p 0 Connecting Statement: This concludes Job’s speech.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1488,11 +1488,11 @@ JOB 24 24 j5za translate-textvariants 0 they will be gathered up like all the o
|
|||
JOB 24 24 ix1v figs-activepassive 0 they will be gathered up like all the others This can be stated in active form. What “the others” refers to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “God will gather them up as he gathered up the other wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 24 24 mqt2 figs-simile 0 they will be cut off like the tops of ears of grain These wicked people will be cut off in the same way heads of grain are cut off during harvest. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will cut them off like a farmer cuts off the top of a stalk of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 24 25 cfk7 figs-rquestion 0 If it is not so, who can prove me to be a liar; who can make my speech worth nothing? Job uses this question to express the certainty of his argument. The implicit answer is: “no one.” Alternate translation: “This is true, and no one can prove that I am a liar; no one can prove me wrong.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 24 25 iy58 0 make my speech worth nothing “prove what I say is wrong”
|
||||
JOB 24 25 iy58 0 make my speech worth nothing Alternate translation: “prove what I say is wrong”
|
||||
JOB 25 intro yz1x 0 # Job 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad. His words in this chapter are much stronger than when he previously spoke.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s holiness and man’s sin<br>Bildad describes the holiness of Yahweh and the universal nature of man’s sinfulness. While his points are accurate, they are not convincing for Job because he has been righteous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Bildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad’s argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 25 1 vb52 0 Bildad the Shuhite See how you translated this man’s name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||||
JOB 25 2 cz5c figs-abstractnouns 0 Dominion and fear are with him Here “him” refers to God. The abstract nouns “dominion” and “fear” can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: “God rules over all and people should fear only him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 25 2 t8t1 0 he makes order in his high places of heaven “he makes peace in the high heaven”
|
||||
JOB 25 2 t8t1 0 he makes order in his high places of heaven Alternate translation: “he makes peace in the high heaven”
|
||||
JOB 25 3 agz7 figs-rquestion 0 Is there any end to the number of his armies? Bildad uses this question to emphasize how great God is. The implicit answer is “no.” This refers to the armies of God’s angels. Alternate translation: “There is no end to the number of angels in his army.” or “His armies are so big that no one can count them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 25 3 tb5c figs-rquestion 0 Upon whom does his light not shine? Bildad uses this question to emphasize that God gives light to every person. Alternate translation: “There is no one upon whom his light does not shine.” or “God makes his light shine over everyone.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 25 4 gq9p 0 Connecting Statement: Bildad continues speaking.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1509,7 +1509,7 @@ JOB 25 6 l7b7 figs-metonymy 0 a son of man This is another way of referring to
|
|||
JOB 26 intro f665 0 # Job 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad.<br><br>This chapter begins a section continuing through chapter 31.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s power<br>While Bildad describes Yahweh’s power as being so much greater than Job’s, Job understands the true extent of Yahweh’s power. It is not just over Job’s life, but over all of creation.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Sarcasm<br>Job uses sarcasm in this chapter. This is the use of irony to insult Bildad. (See: [Job 1-4](./01.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 26 2 lud4 figs-irony 0 How you have helped one … the arm that has no strength In these statements, Job is accusing Bildad. The word “one” refers to Job. And, the word “arm” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “I am powerless and have no strength, but you act like you have helped me; but really, you have not helped me at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 26 3 s1r5 figs-irony 0 How you have advised one who has no wisdom and announced to him sound knowledge Job is saying that Bildad has not provided him with good advice and knowledge. Alternate translation: “You act like I have no wisdom and that you have advised me, that you have given me good advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 26 3 y2kk 0 announced to him sound knowledge “given him good advice”
|
||||
JOB 26 3 y2kk 0 announced to him sound knowledge Alternate translation: “given him good advice”
|
||||
JOB 26 4 n9vj figs-rquestion 0 With whose help have you spoken these words? Whose spirit was it … you? In these questions Job continues to mock Bildad. They are both rhetorical questions and have basically the same meaning. They are used together to strengthen each other. Alternate translation: “You must have had help speaking these words. Perhaps some spirit helped you speak them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 26 5 c81a figs-nominaladj 0 The dead This refers to dead people. Alternate translation: “Those who are dead” or “The spirits of the dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
JOB 26 5 xqx7 figs-explicit 0 tremble They tremble because they are afraid of God. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “tremble in fear” or “tremble in fear of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1523,7 +1523,7 @@ JOB 26 8 sxg4 figs-activepassive 0 but the clouds are not torn under them This
|
|||
JOB 26 9 r35v 0 and spreads his clouds on it This phrase tells how he covers the surface of the moon. Alternate translation: “by spreading his clouds in front of it”
|
||||
JOB 26 10 l8k5 0 He has engraved a circular boundary on the surface of the waters This speaks of the horizon, where the earth appears to meet the sky, as if God has marked a boundary on the ocean.
|
||||
JOB 26 11 n3vz figs-personification 0 The pillars of heaven tremble and are astonished at his rebuke People thought of heaven or the sky as resting on pillars. Job speaks as though the pillars are humans that shake in fear when God is angry. Alternate translation: “The pillars that hold up heaven shake in fear when God rebukes them” or “The pillars that hold up the sky shake like people who are afraid when God rebukes them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 26 12 f7hn 0 he shattered Rahab “he destroyed Rahab”
|
||||
JOB 26 12 f7hn 0 he shattered Rahab Alternate translation: “he destroyed Rahab”
|
||||
JOB 26 12 x7ti translate-names 0 Rahab This is the name of a frightening monster that lived in the sea. See how you translated this in [Job 9:13](../09/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 26 13 c72v figs-metaphor 0 By his breath he made the skies clear The noun “breath” can be translated with the verb “breathe” or “blow.” This image represents God causing the wind to blow away the clouds. Alternate translation: “God blew away the clouds so that the skies were clear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 26 13 r5le figs-explicit 0 his hand pierced the fleeing serpent It is implied that God his holding a sword, and here “his hand” represents that sword. Also, “pierced” represents killing. Alternate translation: “With his sword he pierced the fleeing serpent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1538,12 +1538,12 @@ JOB 27 2 tp23 figs-metonymy 0 made my life bitter Job’s “life” being bitt
|
|||
JOB 27 3 m4bm 0 while my life is yet in me This refers to the duration of the rest of his life. Alternate translation: “during the whole time that my life is yet in me” or “as long as my life is yet in me”
|
||||
JOB 27 3 ny28 figs-abstractnouns 0 while my life is yet in me The abstract noun “life” can be expressed with the adjective “alive” or the verb “live.” Alternate translation: “as long as I am still alive” or “while I still live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 27 3 xg5k figs-metonymy 0 the breath from God is in my nostrils “Breath … in my nostrils” represents being able to breathe. “Breath from God” represents God making him able to breathe. Alternate translation: “God enables me to breathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 27 3 krx8 0 nostrils “nose”
|
||||
JOB 27 3 krx8 0 nostrils Alternate translation: “nose”
|
||||
JOB 27 4 xct5 figs-parallelism 0 My lips will not speak wickedness, neither will my tongue speak deceit These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that he will not speak in such ways. The phrases “My lips” and “my tongue” represent Job himself. Alternate translation: “I will not speak wickedness or deceit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 27 4 vg54 figs-abstractnouns 0 speak wickedness … speak deceit The abstract nouns “wickedness” and “deceit” can be expressed with “wickedly” and “deceitfully.” Alternate translation: “speak wickedly … speak deceitfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 27 5 tp64 0 I will never admit that you three are right “I will never agree with you and say that you three are right”
|
||||
JOB 27 5 tp64 0 I will never admit that you three are right Alternate translation: “I will never agree with you and say that you three are right”
|
||||
JOB 27 5 n6mb figs-you 0 that you three are right The word “you” here is plural. It refers to Job’s friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 27 5 uy2n 0 I will never deny my integrity “I will never say that I am not innocent” or “I will always say that I am innocent”
|
||||
JOB 27 5 uy2n 0 I will never deny my integrity Alternate translation: “I will never say that I am not innocent” or “I will always say that I am innocent”
|
||||
JOB 27 6 rv4l figs-metaphor 0 I hold fast to my righteousness Here “hold fast” is a metaphor that represents being determined to continue to say something. The abstract noun “righteousness” can be expressed with “righteous.” Alternate translation: “I am determined to continue saying that I am righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 27 6 ccm5 figs-metaphor 0 will not let it go Here “will not let it go” is a metaphor that represents not stopping saying something. Alternate translation: “will not stop saying that I am righteous” or “will not stop saying so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 27 6 ttu9 figs-metonymy 0 my thoughts will not reproach me Here the phrase “my thoughts” represents Job. Alternate translation: “even in my thoughts, I will not reproach myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1562,7 +1562,7 @@ JOB 27 11 s3uq figs-you 0 I will teach you Each occurrence of “you” in thes
|
|||
JOB 27 11 fyx9 figs-metonymy 0 the hand of God God’s “hand” represents his power. Alternate translation: “the power of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 27 11 re4m figs-abstractnouns 0 I will not conceal the thoughts of the Almighty The abstract noun “thoughts” can be expressed with the verb “think.” Alternate translation: I will not hide from you what the Almighty thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 27 12 pnx9 figs-rquestion 0 why then have you spoken all this nonsense? Job uses this question to rebuke his friends for saying such foolish things. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “you should not have spoken so foolishly!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 27 13 g6qh 0 This is the portion of a wicked man with God “This is what God has planned for the wicked man”
|
||||
JOB 27 13 g6qh 0 This is the portion of a wicked man with God Alternate translation: “This is what God has planned for the wicked man”
|
||||
JOB 27 13 djh6 figs-metaphor 0 the heritage of the oppressor that he receives from the Almighty Here “the heritage of the oppressor” is a metaphor representing what will happen to the oppressor. What God will do to him is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that God will give him. Alternate translation: “what the Almighty will do to the oppressor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 27 14 f7mj figs-metonymy 0 it is for the sword Here “the sword” represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: “they will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 27 15 mbb8 figs-explicit 0 Those who survive him This refers to the wicked man’s children. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Those who continue to live after their wicked father dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1574,14 +1574,14 @@ JOB 27 18 l6yf figs-ellipsis 0 He builds his house like a spider After “spide
|
|||
JOB 27 18 q8ia figs-simile 0 He builds his house like a spider A spider web is fragile and easily destroyed. Alternate translation: “He builds his house as fragile as a spider builds its web” or “He builds his house as fragile as a spider’s web” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 27 18 inb4 figs-simile 0 like a hut A hut is a temporary house that is also not very strong. Alternate translation: “like a temporary hut” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 27 19 la2p 0 He lies down in bed rich “He is wealthy when he lies down in bed.” This refers to his lying down in bed at night and sleeping.
|
||||
JOB 27 19 i6ex 0 but he will not keep doing so “but he will not keep lying down in bed rich” or “but he will not continue to be wealthy when he lies down in bed”
|
||||
JOB 27 19 i6ex 0 but he will not keep doing so Alternate translation: “but he will not keep lying down in bed rich” or “but he will not continue to be wealthy when he lies down in bed”
|
||||
JOB 27 19 b9sa figs-metonymy 0 he opens his eyes Opening his eyes represents waking up in the morning. Alternate translation: “he wakes up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 27 19 x5lq 0 everything is gone “all of his riches are gone” or “everything has vanished”
|
||||
JOB 27 19 x5lq 0 everything is gone Alternate translation: “all of his riches are gone” or “everything has vanished”
|
||||
JOB 27 20 ul69 0 Terrors overtake him Here “overtake him” represents suddenly happening to him. Possible meanings are that **terrors** is a metonym for:: (1) things that cause people to be afraid. Alternate translation: “Terrifying things suddenly happen to him” or (2) fear. Alternate translation: “He suddenly becomes terrified”
|
||||
JOB 27 20 zw56 figs-simile 0 like waters The word “waters” refers to a flood. Floods can happen very suddenly when people do not expect them, and they are dangerous and frightening. Alternate translation: “like a flood” or “like waters that rise up suddenly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 27 20 l3kn 0 a storm takes him away “a violent wind blows him away”
|
||||
JOB 27 20 l3kn 0 a storm takes him away Alternate translation: “a violent wind blows him away”
|
||||
JOB 27 21 l4at figs-personification 0 it sweeps him out of his place Job speaks of the wind blowing the wicked man out of his house as if the wind were a person sweeping dust out of a house with a broom. Alternate translation: “the wind sweeps him out of his place like a woman who sweeps dirt out of a house” or “the wind easily blows him out of his place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 27 21 i9ce 0 his place “his home”
|
||||
JOB 27 21 i9ce 0 his place Alternate translation: “his home”
|
||||
JOB 27 22 wmn4 figs-personification 0 General Information: In verses 22-23 Job speaks of the wind as if it were a person attacking the wicked person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 27 22 xs2l figs-personification 0 It throws itself at him Here the phrase “throws itself at him” represents the wind blowing strong against him like an attacker. Alternate translation: “It blows strong against him like someone attacking him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 27 22 fa8c figs-personification 0 he tries to flee out of its hand Here “hand” represents the power or control that the wind has over the wicked man. Alternate translation: “he tries to flee out of its control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1595,7 +1595,7 @@ JOB 28 2 b12i figs-activepassive 0 copper is smelted out of the stone This can
|
|||
JOB 28 2 rb24 0 copper an important red-brown colored metal
|
||||
JOB 28 2 uui9 0 smelted This is a process of heating rocks to melt the metal in them in order to get the metal out of the rocks.
|
||||
JOB 28 3 fm47 figs-metonymy 0 A man sets an end to darkness Here “sets an end to darkness” represents shining a light in the darkness. People used a lantern or a torch for light. Alternate translation: “A man carries light into dark places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 28 3 l74r 0 to the farthest limit “to the farthest parts of the mine”
|
||||
JOB 28 3 l74r 0 to the farthest limit Alternate translation: “to the farthest parts of the mine”
|
||||
JOB 28 3 sce6 figs-doublet 0 obscurity … thick darkness These two phrases are used together to emphasize that the mine is extremely dark. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 28 4 kp1m 0 shaft a deep narrow hole dug into the ground or rock. People go down into the hole to mine it.
|
||||
JOB 28 4 hz3j figs-personification 0 places that are forgotten by anyone’s foot The foot is spoken of as if it is a person who can remember. Alternate translation: “places where people no longer walk” or “where no one ever walks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1611,7 +1611,7 @@ JOB 28 7 ft9l 0 falcon This may also be translated “hawk.” Both are birds
|
|||
JOB 28 8 ad94 figs-parallelism 0 The proud animals have not walked such a path … nor has the fierce lion passed there These clauses also express similar meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 28 8 zce2 0 The proud animals This refers to very strong, wild animals.
|
||||
JOB 28 9 nh4p figs-metonymy 0 lays his hand on the flinty rock This represents breaking up the rock. Alternate translation: “digs into the flinty rock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 28 9 d3ss 0 flinty rock “hard rock”
|
||||
JOB 28 9 d3ss 0 flinty rock Alternate translation: “hard rock”
|
||||
JOB 28 9 ng34 figs-hyperbole 0 he overturns mountains by their roots Digging up the mountains and the ground underneath them is a metaphor from digging out weeds or trees, an exaggeration that represents digging minerals out of the ground. Alternate translation: “he turns the mountains upside down by pulling out their roots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 28 10 h31b figs-synecdoche 0 his eye sees Here “his eye” represents him. Alternate translation: “he sees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 28 11 ar22 figs-metaphor 0 He ties up the streams so they do not run Here “ties up the streams” means damming or blocking the streams. Alternate translation: “He blocks the streams so they do not flow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1631,7 +1631,7 @@ JOB 28 16 na32 0 sapphire a valuable blue gemstone
|
|||
JOB 28 17 qp37 0 Gold and crystal cannot equal it in worth This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than gold and crystal.
|
||||
JOB 28 17 z7jx 0 crystal a valuable gemstone that is clear or lightly colored
|
||||
JOB 28 17 v4um 0 neither can it be exchanged for jewels of fine gold “and it cannot be exchanged for jewels of fine gold.” This implies that wisdom is much more valuable than jewels of fine gold.
|
||||
JOB 28 17 nid2 0 exchanged “traded”
|
||||
JOB 28 17 nid2 0 exchanged Alternate translation: “traded”
|
||||
JOB 28 18 hgr1 figs-explicit 0 No mention is worth making of coral or jasper “It is not worth making mention of coral and jasper.” This implies that wisdom is worth so much more than coral and jasper that there is no need for Job to say anything about them. Alternate translation: “I will not bother to mention coral or jasper” or “Coral and jasper are worthless compared to wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 28 18 vgj8 translate-unknown 0 coral This is a beautiful, hard substance that grows on ocean reefs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
JOB 28 18 sqn7 0 jasper … rubies These are valuable gemstones.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1645,9 +1645,9 @@ JOB 28 21 bj7x figs-synecdoche 0 Wisdom is hidden from the eyes of all living t
|
|||
JOB 28 21 j3u4 figs-activepassive 0 is kept hidden from the birds of the heavens This means that the birds are unable to see wisdom. This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “even the birds that fly in the skies cannot see wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 28 22 y7e5 figs-personification 0 Destruction and Death say Here “Destruction” and “Death” are spoken of as if they are living things who can speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 28 23 qlj3 figs-metaphor 0 God understands the way to it; he knows its place Wisdom is spoken of as if it were in a certain place. Alternate translation: “God knows how to find wisdom. He knows where it is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 28 24 q6zd 0 the very ends of the earth “the farthest places on the earth”
|
||||
JOB 28 24 q6zd 0 the very ends of the earth Alternate translation: “the farthest places on the earth”
|
||||
JOB 28 25 l7lk figs-metaphor 0 parceled out the waters by measure This describes God deciding how much water should be in each place. Possible meanings are that this refers to deciding: (1) how much rain should be in each cloud or (2) how much water should be in each sea. Alternate translation: “decided how much water should be in each place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 28 26 qy1s 0 a path for the thunder “he decided how the thunder can be heard” or “he decided the path of the thunderstorm”
|
||||
JOB 28 26 qy1s 0 a path for the thunder Alternate translation: “he decided how the thunder can be heard” or “he decided the path of the thunderstorm”
|
||||
JOB 28 28 l4bu figs-abstractnouns 0 See, the fear of the Lord—that is wisdom The abstract noun “fear” can be expressed with the verbs “fear” or “respect.” The abstract noun “wisdom” can be expressed with the word “wise.” Alternate translation: “Listen, if you fear the Lord, you will be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 28 28 m7dq figs-metaphor 0 to depart from evil is understanding Here “depart from evil” means refusing to do evil things. The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed with the verb “understand.” Alternate translation: “if you refuse to do evil, then you will understand many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 29 intro eli2 0 # Job 29 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s statement, but now it is directly addressed to Yahweh.<br><br>In this chapter, Job recalls the days before Yahweh’s blessings were taken from him. This is only one part of Job’s argument that continues for the next 3 chapters.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1665,7 +1665,7 @@ JOB 29 9 v8ym translate-symaction 0 they would lay their hand on their mouths T
|
|||
JOB 29 10 u1bb figs-activepassive 0 The voices of the noblemen were hushed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The noblemen hushed their voices” or “The noblemen stopped speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 29 10 nm6j figs-metonymy 0 their tongue clung to the roof of their mouths This represents them having so much respect for Job that they had nothing to say. Alternate translation: “they felt that they were unable to speak” or “they had nothing to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 29 11 n94l figs-synecdoche 0 after their ears heard me … after their eyes saw me The ears represent those who heard him, and the eyes represent those who saw him. Alternate translation: “after they heard what I told them … after they saw me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 29 11 t3tu 0 they would then give witness to me and approve of me “they would witness approvingly of me”
|
||||
JOB 29 11 t3tu 0 they would then give witness to me and approve of me Alternate translation: “they would witness approvingly of me”
|
||||
JOB 29 12 ui1t figs-genericnoun 0 I rescued the one who was poor when he cried out Here “the one who was poor” refers to any poor person. Alternate translation: “I used to rescue poor people who cried out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 29 13 qs27 figs-metaphor 0 The blessing of him who was about to perish came on me Someone’s blessing coming on another represents that person blessing another. Alternate translation: “He who was about to perish would bless me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 29 13 ii9w figs-genericnoun 0 him who was about to perish This represents anyone who was about to die. Alternate translation: “those who were about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1686,7 +1686,7 @@ JOB 29 20 bz9x figs-metaphor 0 the bow of my strength is always new in my hand
|
|||
JOB 29 22 l3t7 figs-simile 0 my speech dropped like water on them Here “dropped like water on them” represents refreshing the people who heard him. The abstract noun “speech” can be translated with the verb “speak” or “say.” Alternate translation: “my speech refreshed their hearts as drops of water refresh people’s bodies” or “what I said to them refreshed them like drops of water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 29 23 g4bi figs-simile 0 They always waited for me as they waited for rain People waited for Job patiently and expected to hear good things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 29 23 dye5 figs-metaphor 0 they opened their mouth wide to drink in my words This represents waiting eagerly for Job to speak in order to benefit from what said. Alternate translation: “they eagerly waited for me to speak in order to benefit from what I said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 29 23 wd9h 0 as they would do for the latter rain “as farmers wait eagerly for the latter rain”
|
||||
JOB 29 23 wd9h 0 as they would do for the latter rain Alternate translation: “as farmers wait eagerly for the latter rain”
|
||||
JOB 29 23 v5kv 0 the latter rain This refers to the large amount of rain that falls just before the dry season.
|
||||
JOB 29 24 vxz9 figs-explicit 0 I smiled on them It can be stated clearly that the purpose of smiling was to encourage them. Alternate translation: “I smiled on them to encourage them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 29 24 b3dw figs-metaphor 0 the light of my face This represents the kindness they saw in Job’s face. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1707,7 +1707,7 @@ JOB 30 4 dz4r 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to talk about the fathers
|
|||
JOB 30 4 lbt6 0 saltwort … bushes’ leaves … the roots of the broom tree These are plants that people would eat only if they could find nothing better.
|
||||
JOB 30 4 c9mn 0 the roots of the broom tree were their food This could mean: (1) the people ate the roots of the broom tree or (2) the people warmed themselves by burning the roots of broom trees.
|
||||
JOB 30 5 k9yz figs-activepassive 0 They were driven out from among people who shouted after them as … a thief The phrase “were driven out” means “were forced to leave.” These phrases can be reordered and stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people shouted after them as … a thief and forced them to leave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 30 5 lwr2 0 shouted after them as one would shout after a thief “shouted at them as though they were thieves”
|
||||
JOB 30 5 lwr2 0 shouted after them as one would shout after a thief Alternate translation: “shouted at them as though they were thieves”
|
||||
JOB 30 7 f7j8 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to talk about the fathers of the mockers.
|
||||
JOB 30 7 kkv4 figs-simile 0 brayed like donkeys Job speaks of the men crying out in hunger as if they were wild donkeys making a loud noise. Alternate translation: “cried out like wild donkeys because they were hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 30 7 dmg5 0 they gathered together under the nettles “Nettles” are bushes with sharp thorns. This implies that they did not have a home.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1721,12 +1721,12 @@ JOB 30 9 v6wt figs-abstractnouns 0 But now I have become the subject of their t
|
|||
JOB 30 9 u5hm figs-metonymy 0 I have become a byword for them Here “byword” is a metonym for the person about whom people make cruel jokes. Alternate translation: “I am now one whom they make cruel jokes about” or “They joke and say cruel things about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 30 10 sx1h figs-litotes 0 they do not refrain from spitting in my face This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “they even spit in my face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JOB 30 11 r95h figs-metaphor 0 God has unstrung the string to my bow A bow that is unstrung is not useful. The phrase “has unstrung the string of my bow” is a metaphor for making Job powerless. Alternate translation: “God has taken away my power to defend myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 11 pll3 0 those who taunt me “those who mock me”
|
||||
JOB 30 11 pll3 0 those who taunt me Alternate translation: “those who mock me”
|
||||
JOB 30 11 sq6d figs-metaphor 0 cast off restraint before my face A restraint keeps a person from moving freely and doing what he wants. Here “restraint” represents refraining from doing something, and “cast off restraint” represents not refraining from doing something. In this case the mockers did not refrain from being cruel to Job. Alternate translation: “do not refrain from being cruel to me” or “do whatever cruel things they want to do to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 30 12 u9wm figs-metaphor 0 General Information: Job speaks about the mockers treating him cruelly as if they were a mob and an army attacking him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 12 l5wg 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues to speak about the people who were mocking him.
|
||||
JOB 30 12 z8g5 figs-metonymy 0 Upon my right hand rise the rabble “the rabble rise upon my right hand.” This could mean: (1) rising upon Job’s right hand represents attacking his strength. Alternate translation: “Gangs of young people attack my strength” or (2) rising upon Job’s right hand represents attacking his honor. Alternate translation: “Mobs attack my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 12 bxs3 0 they drive me away “they force me to run away”
|
||||
JOB 30 12 bxs3 0 they drive me away Alternate translation: “they force me to run away”
|
||||
JOB 30 12 tdu8 figs-metaphor 0 pile up against me their siege mounds Armies would pile up mounds of dirt along a city’s wall in order to climb over the wall and attack the city. Job speaks of the mockers preparing to attack him as if they were doing that. Alternate translation: “prepare to attack me like an army that prepares to attack a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 13 sv3y figs-metaphor 0 They destroy my path This represents keeping Job from escaping their attack. Alternate translation: “They prevent me from escaping from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 13 x9pd figs-metaphor 0 they push forward disaster for me Here “push forward disaster” represents trying to make disaster happen. Alternate translation: “they try to make disaster happen to me” or “they try to destroy me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1751,7 +1751,7 @@ JOB 30 21 k1ga 0 cruel This word means unkind.
|
|||
JOB 30 21 xk2h figs-metonymy 0 with the strength of your hand you persecute me The word “hand” represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “you persecute me with your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 30 22 v3bi 0 Connecting Statement: Job continues speaking to God.
|
||||
JOB 30 22 zy94 figs-metaphor 0 lift me up to the wind … throw me back and forth in a storm These expressions represent the extreme suffering that God made Job endure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 22 h7x7 0 cause it to drive me along “cause the wind to push me along”
|
||||
JOB 30 22 h7x7 0 cause it to drive me along Alternate translation: “cause the wind to push me along”
|
||||
JOB 30 23 py4p figs-metaphor 0 you will bring me to death Here “bring me to death” represents causing Job to die. Alternate translation: “you will cause me to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 23 a3ym figs-metaphor 0 the house appointed for all the living Job speaks of the world of the dead as if it were a house to which God has appointed all living things to go. Alternate translation: “the world of the dead, to which everything that has ever lived goes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 30 23 nf6m 0 all the living That is, all things now alive, but that will die one day.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1804,9 +1804,9 @@ JOB 31 13 p9e5 figs-hypo 0 General Information: Job continues describing situat
|
|||
JOB 31 14 s3xg figs-rquestion 0 what then would I do when God rises up to accuse me? When he comes to judge me, how would I answer him? Job uses these questions to emphasize that if God were to judge him, Job would not be able to make himself appear to be good. Alternate translation: “then there would be absolutely nothing I could say to defend myself when God comes to judge me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 31 15 jl2j figs-rquestion 0 Did the one who made me in the womb not make them also? Did not the same one mold us all in the womb? Job uses these questions to emphasize that he is no different from his servants. He implies that God would be angry if Job were to treat his servants as less valuable than himself. Alternate translation: “The one who made me in the womb also made them. He formed us all in the womb.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 31 16 k4ut figs-hypo 0 General Information: Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. He does not finish his sentence in verses 16 and 17. Instead he explains in verse 18 why they are not true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 31 16 yzr5 0 If I have withheld poor people from their desire “If I have kept poor people from getting what they desire”
|
||||
JOB 31 16 yzr5 0 If I have withheld poor people from their desire Alternate translation: “If I have kept poor people from getting what they desire”
|
||||
JOB 31 16 e9r8 figs-idiom 0 if I have caused the eyes of the widow to grow dim from crying Here “to grow dim” refers to the widow having bad eyesight from crying a lot. Alternate translation: “if I have caused a widow to cry in great sadness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 31 17 gs2b 0 my morsel “my food”
|
||||
JOB 31 17 gs2b 0 my morsel Alternate translation: “my food”
|
||||
JOB 31 18 xz2i figs-genericnoun 0 because from my youth the orphan grew up with me as with a father Here “the orphan” represents orphans in general. Job is describing how he truly treated orphans. Alternate translation: “because even when I was young I took care of orphans like a father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
JOB 31 18 z518 figs-ellipsis 0 because from my youth The phrase “But I have done none of those things” is understood from the context. Alternate translation: “But I have done none of those things, because from my youth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 31 18 ibm5 figs-hyperbole 0 I have guided his mother, a widow, from my own mother’s womb Job is describing how he truly treated widows. With the phrase “from my own mother’s womb” he uses exaggeration to emphasize that he did this all his life. Alternate translation: “all my life I have guided the orphan’s mother, a widow” or “all my life I have guided widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1830,10 +1830,10 @@ JOB 31 26 m93p figs-abstractnouns 0 the moon walking in its brightness The abst
|
|||
JOB 31 27 qcf6 figs-synecdoche 0 if my heart has been secretly attracted Here “my heart” represents Job. This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if I have been secretly attracted to them” or “if I have secretly desired to worship them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 31 27 wm2t translate-symaction 0 so that my mouth has kissed my hand Here “my mouth” represents Job. This is a sign of love and devotion. Alternate translation: “so that I have kissed my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JOB 31 28 pwl3 figs-activepassive 0 to be punished by judges This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for which judges would be right to punish me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 31 28 g5xt 0 I would have denied the God who is above “I would have been unfaithful to the God who is above”
|
||||
JOB 31 28 g5xt 0 I would have denied the God who is above Alternate translation: “I would have been unfaithful to the God who is above”
|
||||
JOB 31 29 wm4x figs-hypo 0 General Information: Job continues describing situations in which he would deserve God’s punishment, but he knows they are not true. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOB 31 29 b1im figs-abstractnouns 0 at the destruction of anyone who hated me The abstract noun “destruction” can be translated with the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “when anyone who hated me was destroyed” or “when bad things happened to anyone who hated me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 31 29 p1nt 0 when disaster overtook him “when he experienced disasters”
|
||||
JOB 31 29 p1nt 0 when disaster overtook him Alternate translation: “when he experienced disasters”
|
||||
JOB 31 29 hvt5 0 then bring charges against me This phrase is not in the original language or in other versions of the Bible. It was added here to help preserve the meaning of Job’s statement in this long sentence.
|
||||
JOB 31 30 w93c figs-synecdoche 0 Indeed, I have not even allowed my mouth to sin Here “my mouth” represents Job speaking. Alternate translation: “Truly I did not let myself sin” or “Truly, I did not sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 31 30 jng4 figs-metonymy 0 by asking for his life with a curse Here “asking for his life with a curse” represents cursing someone’s life so that he will die. Alternate translation: “by cursing him so that he would die” or “by cursing his life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1881,20 +1881,20 @@ JOB 32 12 cem5 0 who could respond to his words Here the word “respond” do
|
|||
JOB 32 13 l5ty 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job’s friends.
|
||||
JOB 32 13 ys9l 0 We have found wisdom This means that they believe that they have figured out what is wise. Alternate translation: “We have discovered what is wise”
|
||||
JOB 32 13 pwq9 figs-metaphor 0 to defeat Job This speaks of God responding to Job and correcting him as if he were defeating him in battle. Alternate translation: “to refute Job” or “to answer Job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 32 14 q8fq 0 with your words “by saying what you have said”
|
||||
JOB 32 14 q8fq 0 with your words Alternate translation: “by saying what you have said”
|
||||
JOB 32 15 v3nu 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 32 15 gi7d 0 dumbfounded amazed, unable to speak
|
||||
JOB 32 16 k7n7 figs-rquestion 0 Should I wait because they are not speaking, because they stand there silent and answer no more? Elihu uses a question to emphasize that he will not wait any longer to speak. Elihu answers this question himself in the next verse. Alternate translation: But because you do not speak, I certainly will not wait any longer; you merely stand there and do not reply anymore. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 32 17 n3iz 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking using parallelisms.
|
||||
JOB 32 17 ii5q 0 I also will answer on my part “I will now take my turn to answer”
|
||||
JOB 32 17 ii5q 0 I also will answer on my part Alternate translation: “I will now take my turn to answer”
|
||||
JOB 32 18 j46i figs-metaphor 0 I am full of words Elihu speaks of having a lot to say as being full of words. Alternate translation: “I have so much to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 32 18 t9et 0 the spirit in me compels me “my spirit forces me to say it”
|
||||
JOB 32 18 t9et 0 the spirit in me compels me Alternate translation: “my spirit forces me to say it”
|
||||
JOB 32 19 l5s6 figs-simile 0 my breast is like fermenting wine that has no vent; like new wineskins, it is ready to burst While wine is fermenting, gas collects in the container. If the gas is not let out the container will burst. Elihu means that he has so much to say that if he does not speak he feels like he will burst. Also, these two phrases are parallel and have the same meaning. Alternate translation: “I feel like my breast is about to burst, like a container of fermenting wine that has no vent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 32 19 a7cz figs-synecdoche 0 my breast is This represents Elihu, specifically his spirit. Alternate translation: “my spirit is” or “I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 32 20 q9qt 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking using parallelisms for emphasis.
|
||||
JOB 32 20 m29y figs-activepassive 0 I may be refreshed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I may feel better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 32 20 w6zz figs-synecdoche 0 open my lips Here the “lips” represent the mouth. Alternate translation: “open my mouth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 32 21 mi73 0 neither will I give honorific titles to any man “neither will I praise any man or give him titles of honor”
|
||||
JOB 32 21 mi73 0 neither will I give honorific titles to any man Alternate translation: “neither will I praise any man or give him titles of honor”
|
||||
JOB 32 22 nb65 0 my Maker This is a name referring to God. Alternate translation: “God who made me”
|
||||
JOB 32 22 i4r2 figs-euphemism 0 take me away This means that he would destroy him. Alternate translation: “destroy me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOB 33 intro t7rx 0 # Job 33 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the first of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This quotation is a continuation of the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s mercy<br>While Job has been complaining about the lack of justice and response from Yahweh, Elihu shows Job that Yahweh has shown him great mercy along the way. He is still alive because of Yahweh’s mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1911,13 +1911,13 @@ JOB 33 6 ie4u 0 See Elihu uses this word here to draw Job’s attention to wha
|
|||
JOB 33 6 dis8 figs-metaphor 0 I am just as you are in God’s sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “I am just as you are in God’s judgment” or “God judges me the same way that he judges you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 33 6 ym3b figs-metaphor 0 I also have been formed out of the clay Though people are not made out of clay, God has made everyone as a potter carefully makes things out of clay. Alternate translation: “God has made both of us just as a potter forms things from clay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 33 6 q828 figs-activepassive 0 I also have been formed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has also made me” or “God has formed both of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 33 7 dmb1 0 terror of me will not make you afraid “you do not need to be afraid of me”
|
||||
JOB 33 7 dmb1 0 terror of me will not make you afraid Alternate translation: “you do not need to be afraid of me”
|
||||
JOB 33 7 y53l figs-metaphor 0 neither will my pressure be heavy upon you This means that he will not hinder Job or burden him. He speaks of emotional burden here as if it were a heavy physical burden. Alternate translation: “neither will I burden you” or “I will not oppress you with what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 33 8 i9bj 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 33 8 zu7c 0 in my hearing “where I could hear you”
|
||||
JOB 33 8 c2f7 0 I have heard the sound of your words saying “I have heard you say”
|
||||
JOB 33 8 zu7c 0 in my hearing Alternate translation: “where I could hear you”
|
||||
JOB 33 8 c2f7 0 I have heard the sound of your words saying Alternate translation: “I have heard you say”
|
||||
JOB 33 9 f62q figs-metaphor 0 clean A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 33 9 h3f9 0 there is no sin in me “I have not sinned”
|
||||
JOB 33 9 h3f9 0 there is no sin in me Alternate translation: “I have not sinned”
|
||||
JOB 33 10 m72b 0 General Information: Elihu continues quoting what he heard Job say.
|
||||
JOB 33 10 f8tf 0 See The speaker uses this word here to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
|
||||
JOB 33 11 ra4e figs-metaphor 0 He puts my feet in stocks “Stocks” are wooden blocks a jailer puts around a prisoner’s feet to restrict his movement. Job speaks of feeling like he is a prisoner by saying that he is in stocks. Alternate translation: “I feel he has made me a prisoner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1925,7 +1925,7 @@ JOB 33 11 w3ja figs-metonymy 0 my paths These words refer to where he goes. Her
|
|||
JOB 33 12 bbu1 0 I will answer you Elihu is speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 33 13 ki75 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 33 13 z74q figs-rquestion 0 Why do you struggle against him? Elihu uses this question to emphasize that Job should not struggle against God. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not struggle against God.” or “You should not try to argue with God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 33 13 m749 0 He does not account for any of his doings “He does not have to explain to us anything he does”
|
||||
JOB 33 13 m749 0 He does not account for any of his doings Alternate translation: “He does not have to explain to us anything he does”
|
||||
JOB 33 14 gyh6 figs-idiom 0 God speaks once—yes, twice This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God speaks again and again in different ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 33 15 zz7a figs-parallelism 0 a dream … a vision of the night These phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 33 15 vq5q figs-metaphor 0 when deep sleep falls upon men, in slumber on the bed This speaks of people being in a deep sleep as if the sleep fell upon them or overcame them. Alternate translation: “when people are fully asleep on their bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1940,7 +1940,7 @@ JOB 33 19 bk1d 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
|||
JOB 33 19 pgn6 figs-activepassive 0 Man is punished also This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God also punishes a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 33 19 x9jg figs-explicit 0 with pain on his bed This means that the person is experiencing such pain that he must lie in bed. Alternate translation: “with pain so that he must lie in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 33 20 ubm9 figs-parallelism 0 so that his life abhors food, and his soul abhors delicacies These two phrases mean basically the same thing, that the person is in so much pain that he cannot even eat. The person is represented by his “life” and his “soul.” Alternate translation: “the result is that he does not desire any food, not even very special food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 33 20 x7zp 0 abhors delicacies “hates even very special food”
|
||||
JOB 33 20 x7zp 0 abhors delicacies Alternate translation: “hates even very special food”
|
||||
JOB 33 21 g47r 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 33 21 f64y figs-activepassive 0 His flesh is consumed away so that it cannot be seen; his bones, once not seen, now stick out This can be stated in active form. “His flesh” refers to his fat and muscles, not to his body’s outer skin. Alternate translation: “Disease makes his body weak and thin so that a person can see his bones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 33 22 gup8 figs-synecdoche 0 his soul draws close to the pit Here a person is represented by his “soul.” Alternate translation: “he is close to going into the grave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1959,7 +1959,7 @@ JOB 33 25 n9hs figs-ellipsis 0 a child’s This refers to a child’s flesh. Al
|
|||
JOB 33 25 s1tk figs-metaphor 0 it is restored to the days of his youth This speaks of the man’s flesh again being as strong as it was when he was young. Alternate translation: “it will become strong again, as it was when he was young” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 33 26 yt2q figs-idiom 0 he sees God’s face with joy This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he joyfully worships God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 33 26 d3zd figs-synecdoche 0 God’s face Here God is represented by his “face.” Alternate translation: “God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 33 26 ysy8 0 God will give the person his triumph “God will save the person” or “God will make things right for the person again”
|
||||
JOB 33 26 ysy8 0 God will give the person his triumph Alternate translation: “God will save the person” or “God will make things right for the person again”
|
||||
JOB 33 27 ypw2 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
||||
JOB 33 27 t53p figs-activepassive 0 but my sin was not punished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but God did not punish me for sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 33 28 wt12 figs-synecdoche 0 rescued my soul from going down into the pit Here the person is referred to by his “soul.” Alternate translation: “rescued me from dying and going to the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1976,14 +1976,14 @@ JOB 33 31 sm1q 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking to Job.
|
|||
JOB 33 31 z1l9 figs-doublet 0 Pay attention, Job, and listen to me These phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully to me, Job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 33 32 g3l6 figs-idiom 0 that you are in the right This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that you are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 34 intro b9ku 0 # Job 34 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the second of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job’s statements against him. His attitude is not too different from Job’s friends.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s justice<br>Elihu defends the justice of Yahweh after Job claimed that Yahweh was being unjust. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
JOB 34 1 h9vc 0 Moreover, Elihu “Then, Elihu”
|
||||
JOB 34 1 h9vc 0 Moreover, Elihu Alternate translation: “Then, Elihu”
|
||||
JOB 34 1 yw36 translate-names 0 Elihu See how you translated this man’s name in [Job 32:2](../32/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 34 2 k8a4 0 Listen to my words “Listen to what I say”
|
||||
JOB 34 2 k8a4 0 Listen to my words Alternate translation: “Listen to what I say”
|
||||
JOB 34 2 zux7 figs-irony 0 you wise men … you who have knowledge Elihu is criticizing Job and his friends. He does not think they are actually wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 34 3 ln8s figs-simile 0 For the ear tries words as the palate tastes food Elihu means people listen carefully to determine what is right or wrong just like we taste food to determine if it is good or bad. Here people are referred to by their “ear” and their “palate” to emphasize that they are tasting and hearing. Alternate translation: “For we listen to words to know what is good and bad, just as we taste foods to know what is good to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 34 4 kw1y 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 34 4 v6hj figs-exclusive 0 Let us Here “us” refers to Elihu, Job, and his three friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
JOB 34 5 k2e1 0 has taken away my rights “refused to give me justice”
|
||||
JOB 34 5 k2e1 0 has taken away my rights Alternate translation: “refused to give me justice”
|
||||
JOB 34 6 k523 figs-activepassive 0 I am considered to be a liar This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God considers me to be a liar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 34 6 i95p figs-metaphor 0 My wound is incurable Here Job’s sickness and suffering is spoken of as if it were a “wound.” Alternate translation: “I am sick and no one can heal me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 34 7 zr9v 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2011,7 +2011,7 @@ JOB 34 17 l8xs figs-rquestion 0 Will you condemn God, who is righteous and migh
|
|||
JOB 34 18 azg3 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 34 18 n5xx figs-rquestion 0 God, who says to a king, ‘You are vile,’ or says to nobles, ‘You are wicked’? This continues the rhetorical question from the previous verse, emphasizing to Job that he cannot condemn God. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “He says to some kings, ‘You are vile,’ and he says to some nobles, ‘You are wicked.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 34 18 pa2a figs-ellipsis 0 God, who says to a king This is part of the previous question. The understood words from the previous verse, “will you condemn God,” may be supplied. Alternate translation: “Will you condemn God, who says to a king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 34 18 n3qi 0 vile “evil” or “worthless”
|
||||
JOB 34 18 n3qi 0 vile Alternate translation: “evil” or “worthless”
|
||||
JOB 34 19 sj41 figs-metonymy 0 for they all are the work of his hands Here “hands” refer to power. Alternate translation: “for God made them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 34 20 xkd5 figs-idiom 0 at midnight Midnight is the time when one day ends and another begins. Here “midnight” is used as an idiom. Alternate translation: “at night” or “suddenly, at night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 34 20 yx7f figs-activepassive 0 people will be shaken and will pass away This can be stated in active form. The phrase “will be shaken” is an idiom that means to be “struck.” Alternate translation: “God strikes them and they die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2020,7 +2020,7 @@ JOB 34 20 dsu9 figs-synecdoche 0 not by human hands Here people are represented
|
|||
JOB 34 21 syl2 figs-metonymy 0 For God’s eyes are upon a person’s ways God’s “eyes” represent his sight. The phrase “a person’s ways” is an idiom for what he does and how he lives. Alternate translation: “For God watches everything a person does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 34 21 wn28 figs-explicit 0 he sees all his steps This means that he always knows where the person is and where he is going. Alternate translation: “he sees him wherever he goes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 34 22 em2w figs-doublet 0 no darkness, no thick gloom The words “thick gloom” mean basically the same thing as, and intensify, the word “darkness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOB 34 23 dy7z 0 in judgment “so he may judge him” or “to be judged”
|
||||
JOB 34 23 dy7z 0 in judgment Alternate translation: “so he may judge him” or “to be judged”
|
||||
JOB 34 24 zb65 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 34 24 hwl1 figs-idiom 0 He breaks mighty men into pieces This speaks of God destroying these men as if he actually broke their bodies into pieces. Alternate translation: “He destroys mighty men” or “He destroys important people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 34 24 nyi9 figs-explicit 0 for their ways that need no further investigation He does not need to investigate what they have done because he already knows everything about them. Alternate translation: “without needing to do further investigation, because he already knows their ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2044,19 +2044,19 @@ JOB 34 31 u1av 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
|||
JOB 34 32 u6ly figs-metonymy 0 teach me what I cannot see Here to “see” means to know. Alternate translation: “teach me what I have done wrong that I am not aware of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 34 33 kc72 figs-rquestion 0 Do you think that God will punish that person’s sin, since you dislike what God does? “Since you dislike what God does, do you think that God should punish this person’s sin?” Elihu uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he should not think that God will not punish this man. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Even though you do not like what God does, surely even you do not think that God will punish this person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 34 33 xdv4 figs-metonymy 0 that person’s sin Here punishing the person because of his sin is referred to as punishing the “person’s sin.” Alternate translation: “that person because of his sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 34 33 nw6c 0 since you dislike “because you dislike”
|
||||
JOB 34 33 px78 0 what it is that you know “what you are thinking about this”
|
||||
JOB 34 33 nw6c 0 since you dislike Alternate translation: “because you dislike”
|
||||
JOB 34 33 px78 0 what it is that you know Alternate translation: “what you are thinking about this”
|
||||
JOB 34 34 eu8y 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 34 34 qbs3 0 who hears me “who hears me speaking”
|
||||
JOB 34 34 qbs3 0 who hears me Alternate translation: “who hears me speaking”
|
||||
JOB 34 36 znm7 figs-activepassive 0 If only Job were put on trial in This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If only we could put Job on trial in” or “If only we could take Job to court so a judge could listen to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 34 36 mvs5 figs-idiom 0 in the smallest details of his case This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “to listen to his case thoroughly” or “to hear all of the details of his case” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 34 36 w7eb 0 of his talking like wicked men “of how he has spoken like a wicked man”
|
||||
JOB 34 36 w7eb 0 of his talking like wicked men Alternate translation: “of how he has spoken like a wicked man”
|
||||
JOB 34 37 jr4v figs-explicit 0 he adds rebellion This refers to rebellion against God. Alternate translation: “he adds rebellion against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 34 37 fm5k figs-explicit 0 he claps his hands in mockery in our midst In this accusation, this means that Job clapped his hands to strengthen his mockery of God. Alternate translation: “he claps his hands as he mocks God in our midst” or “he mocks God right in front of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JOB 34 37 g7nc figs-metaphor 0 he piles up words against God Elihu speaks of “words” as if they were objects, and of speaking many words as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. Alternate translation: “he speaks many words against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 35 intro mfr6 0 # Job 35 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is the third of Elihu’s four statements and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Elihu uses many of Job’s statements against him.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Elihu uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job. These questions help to build Elihu’s argument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Ironic situation<br>Elihu explains the irony of Job’s claim. He claimed to be righteous and desired Yahweh to intervene. In this chapter, Elihu explains to Job that his claims of righteousness are prideful. This makes him unrighteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
JOB 35 2 s9jw figs-rquestion 0 Do you think this is just…‘My right before God’? Elihu uses questions to challenge Job. Alternate translation: “You must think you are right…‘My right before God.’” or “It is not just…‘My right before God.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 35 2 yh9l 0 Do you think this is just when you say “Do you think it is right for you to say”
|
||||
JOB 35 2 yh9l 0 Do you think this is just when you say Alternate translation: “Do you think it is right for you to say”
|
||||
JOB 35 2 g7jg figs-you 0 Do you think Here “you” is singular and refers to Job. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOB 35 2 l3t8 0 My right before God This could mean: (1) Job is claiming to be innocent before God or (2) Job is claiming that he, rather than God, is right.
|
||||
JOB 35 3 w8qv figs-rquestion 0 For you ask, ‘What use is it to me?’ and, ‘Would I be better off if I had sinned?’ Elihu quotes Job as saying the these two rhetorical questions. Alternate translation: “For you say, ‘It does not benefit me’ and, ‘I am no better off than if I had sinned.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2067,16 +2067,16 @@ JOB 35 6 t1v8 figs-rquestion 0 If you have sinned, what harm do you do to God?
|
|||
JOB 35 6 s7x4 figs-metaphor 0 If your transgressions pile up high, what do you do to him? Elihu speaks of “transgressions” as if they were objects, and of committing many transgressions as if it were piling those objects one on top of the other. He asks this question to emphasize that Job does nothing to God by his transgressions. Alternate translation: “If you committed a great many transgressions, you still do nothing to him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 35 7 m97k figs-rquestion 0 If you are righteous, what can you give to him? What will he receive from your hand? The two rhetorical questions mean basically the same thing, that Job’s righteousness adds nothing to God. Alternate translation: “If you are righteous, that does not enable you to give anything to him, and there is nothing that he will receive from your hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 35 7 i418 figs-synecdoche 0 receive from your hand Here the word “hand” represents Job. Alternate translation: “receive from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 35 8 fa27 0 another son of man “another human-being” or “another person”
|
||||
JOB 35 8 fa27 0 another son of man Alternate translation: “another human-being” or “another person”
|
||||
JOB 35 9 nu68 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 35 9 p9sw figs-abstractnouns 0 Because of many acts of oppression The word “oppression” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “Because of the many things that people do to oppress others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 35 9 zb6t figs-metonymy 0 they call for help from the arms of mighty men Here “arms” refers to power or strength. Alternate translation: “they call for someone to deliver them from the power of mighty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 35 10 f89r figs-metaphor 0 who gives songs in the night Elihu speaks of God enabling people to have hope in troubling circumstances as if he were giving to them songs which they can sing during the night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 35 12 gme8 0 Connecting Statement: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 35 12 xj4y 0 they cry out “the oppressed people cry out”
|
||||
JOB 35 12 xj4y 0 they cry out Alternate translation: “the oppressed people cry out”
|
||||
JOB 35 14 di2g figs-exclamations 0 How much less will he answer you … that you are waiting for him! Since God will not hear the prayers of prideful, evil men, it is even less likely that he will hear Job, who is complaining against him. Alternate translation: “So he certainly will not answer you … that you are waiting for him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
|
||||
JOB 35 14 njy6 0 that your case is before him “you have presented your case to him”
|
||||
JOB 35 14 c513 0 you are waiting for him “you are waiting for him to respond”
|
||||
JOB 35 14 njy6 0 that your case is before him Alternate translation: “you have presented your case to him”
|
||||
JOB 35 14 c513 0 you are waiting for him Alternate translation: “you are waiting for him to respond”
|
||||
JOB 35 15 r6hq 0 General Information: Elihu continues speaking.
|
||||
JOB 35 15 ub2k 0 Now you say that his anger does not punish, and he does not take even a litte notice of transgression Because Job is saying these things about God that are untrue, it is even less likely that God will answer Job’s prayers.
|
||||
JOB 35 15 kpu8 figs-metonymy 0 his anger does not punish Here “his anger” is a metonym for “him.” Alternate translation: “he never punishes anyone because he is angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2085,9 +2085,9 @@ JOB 36 intro pp2j 0 # Job 36 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>
|
|||
JOB 36 2 h1hx figs-metaphor 0 I will show you some things Elihu speaks of explaining things to Job as if he were going to show those things to Job. Alternate translation: “I will explain some things to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 3 c3pd figs-metaphor 0 I will obtain my knowledge from far off Elihu speaks of having knowledge of many different subjects as if it were getting his knowledge from far away places. Alternate translation: “I will show you my great knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 3 u4g9 figs-abstractnouns 0 that righteousness belongs to my Maker Here the word “righteousness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “that my Maker is righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 36 4 sqx3 0 my words will not be false “what I say will not be false”
|
||||
JOB 36 4 sqx3 0 my words will not be false Alternate translation: “what I say will not be false”
|
||||
JOB 36 4 br1k figs-metaphor 0 someone who is mature in knowledge is with you The word “someone” refers to Elihu himself. He speaks of being very knowledgeable as if it were being mature in knowledge. Alternate translation: “I, who am with you, am very knowledgeable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 5 z14c 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 36 5 z14c 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 36 5 j9ct figs-doublet 0 he is mighty in strength of understanding The phrase “mighty in strength” forms a doublet that means “very strong.” Elihu speaks of God understanding everything perfectly as if his understanding were very strong. Alternate translation: “he is very strong in understanding” or “he understands everything completely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 7 q9mj figs-metaphor 0 He does not withdraw his eyes from righteous people Elihu speaks of God protecting righteous people as if God were watching them with his eyes, and of God ceasing to protect them as if he withdrew his eyes from them. Alternate translation: “He does not stop protecting the righteous people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 7 yc6f figs-metaphor 0 sets them on thrones like kings Elihu speaks of God honoring the righteous people as if God were causing them to sit on thrones like kings do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2113,26 +2113,26 @@ JOB 36 17 ybk9 0 you are full of judgment on wicked people This could mean: (1
|
|||
JOB 36 17 ji7m figs-personification 0 judgment and justice have laid hold of you Elihu speaks of God judging Job and giving him justice as if judgment and justice were people that have laid hold of Job. Alternate translation: “God has brought you to judgment and given you justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 36 18 mp6j 0 Do not let your anger entice you to mockery Some versions of the Bible translate this as “Beware that you are not enticed by wealth.”
|
||||
JOB 36 19 m4pr figs-rquestion 0 Can your wealth benefit you, so that you will not be in distress, or can all the force of your strength help you? Elihu asks these questions to state that money and power will not be able to help Job if he acts unjustly. Alternate translation: “Your wealth cannot cause you to no longer be in distress, and all the force of your strength cannot help you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 36 19 z8pw 0 all the force of your strength “all of your great strength” or “all of your mighty efforts”
|
||||
JOB 36 19 z8pw 0 all the force of your strength Alternate translation: “all of your great strength” or “all of your mighty efforts”
|
||||
JOB 36 20 q5v5 figs-metaphor 0 when peoples are cut off in their place This could mean: (1) that “peoples” refers to people in general and “cut off in their place” is a metaphor for oppressing others by dragging them away from their homes. Alternate translation: “when people drag others away from their homes” or (2) that “peoples” represents nations and “cut off in their place” is a metaphor for nations being destroyed. Alternate translation: “when nations will perish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 21 qhr8 figs-activepassive 0 you are being tested by suffering This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God is testing you by making you suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 36 22 c7mn 0 See, God “You know this already: God”
|
||||
JOB 36 22 c7mn 0 See, God Alternate translation: “You know this already: God”
|
||||
JOB 36 22 x4qx 0 God is exalted in his power This could mean: (1) “God is extremely powerful” or (2) “people exalt God because he is powerful”
|
||||
JOB 36 22 ay6d figs-rquestion 0 who is a teacher like him? Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one is a teacher like God. Alternate translation: “no one is a teacher like him.” or “no one teaches like he does.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 36 23 r88v figs-rquestion 0 Who has ever instructed him about his way? Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one has ever taught God what to do. Alternate translation: “No one has ever instructed him about what he should do.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 36 23 tz9r figs-rquestion 0 Who can ever say to him, ‘You have committed unrighteousness?’ Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can accuse God of having committed unrighteousness. Alternate translation: “No one can ever say to him, ‘You have committed unrighteousness.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 36 25 c8rq figs-metaphor 0 they see those deeds only from far away Elihu speaks of people not being fully able to understand God’s deeds as if people were only able to see those deeds from far away. Alternate translation: “they do not fully understand them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 26 k1vw 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 36 26 k1vw 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JOB 36 26 zd6h figs-idiom 0 the number of his years is incalculable This refers to how long God has existed. Alternate translation: “people cannot know how long he has lived” or “people cannot know his age” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 36 27 z98g figs-explicit 0 that he distills as rain from his vapor The word “distills” can also mean “refine” or “filter.” Elihu describes how God turns the drops of water, or vapor, that he draws up into rain. Alternate translation: “that he turns into rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 36 29 q3k1 figs-rquestion 0 can anyone understand the extensive spread of the clouds and the thunder from his hut? Elihu asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can do these things. Alternate translation: “no one can understand the extensive spread of the clouds and the thunder from his hut.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 36 29 a4ve figs-abstractnouns 0 the extensive spread of the clouds The phrase “the extensive spread” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “how the clouds spread across the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 36 29 wh4w figs-metaphor 0 from his hut Elihu speaks of the sky as if it were a “hut” in which God lives. Alternate translation: “from the sky, where God lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 30 ip5f 0 See, he spreads “Look carefully and see how he spreads”
|
||||
JOB 36 30 ip5f 0 See, he spreads Alternate translation: “Look carefully and see how he spreads”
|
||||
JOB 36 30 e9es figs-metaphor 0 and covers the roots of the sea Elihu speaks of the deep parts of the sea as if the sea were a plant and its depths were its roots. This could mean: (1) although the lightning causes light in the sky, the deep parts of the sea remain dark. Alternate translation: “but the depths of the sea remain dark” or (2) the lightning in the sky cause even the depths of the sea to have light. Alternate translation: “and lights up the depths of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 32 tsi9 figs-metaphor 0 He fills his hands with the lightning Elihu speaks of the lightning that storms cause as if God were holding the lightning in his hand and directing it to strike where he wills. This could mean: (1) that God holds the lightning bolts in his hands in order to throw them, or (2) that God hides the lightning bolts in his hands until he is ready to use them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 36 33 k3qk 0 Its thunder “The thunder caused by the lightning” or “The thunder”
|
||||
JOB 36 33 se83 0 hear it is coming “hear that the storm is coming”
|
||||
JOB 36 33 k3qk 0 Its thunder Alternate translation: “The thunder caused by the lightning” or “The thunder”
|
||||
JOB 36 33 se83 0 hear it is coming Alternate translation: “hear that the storm is coming”
|
||||
JOB 37 intro ccm7 0 # Job 37 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>According to Elihu, instead of being punished for his sins, Job is sinning in the midst of these difficulties. This is a continuation of the previous chapter and the last of Elihu’s four statements, and it is addressed first to Job’s friends and then to Job. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. His attitude is not too different from Job’s friends.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s justice<br>This chapter focuses on the justice of Yahweh. It is important to remember that justice won’t always come in this life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
JOB 37 1 mup1 figs-parallelism 0 my heart trembles … it is moved out of its place These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his fear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 37 1 eid2 0 my heart trembles at this The word “this” refers to the storm in [Job 36:33](../36/33.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -2140,8 +2140,8 @@ JOB 37 1 nhy8 figs-metaphor 0 it is moved out of its place Elihu speaks of his
|
|||
JOB 37 2 ilg9 figs-metaphor 0 the noise of his voice, the sound that goes out from his mouth These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Elihu speaks of the thunder as if it is God’s voice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 37 3 q5ea figs-metaphor 0 to the edges of the earth Elihu speaks of the farthest places on the earth as if they were the earth’s borders. Alternate translation: “everywhere in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 37 4 l4nh figs-metaphor 0 A voice roars after it … the voice of his majesty Elihu continues to speak of the thunder as if it is God’s voice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 37 4 x26r 0 roars after it “roars after the lightning”
|
||||
JOB 37 4 nei1 0 the voice of his majesty “his majestic voice”
|
||||
JOB 37 4 x26r 0 roars after it Alternate translation: “roars after the lightning”
|
||||
JOB 37 4 nei1 0 the voice of his majesty Alternate translation: “his majestic voice”
|
||||
JOB 37 4 k5js figs-activepassive 0 when his voice is heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when people hear his voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 37 6 btz3 figs-ellipsis 0 likewise to the rain shower The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “likewise, he says to the rain shower” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 37 7 y45f figs-synecdoche 0 He stops the hand of every man Here the word “hand” represents the entire person. Alternate translation: “He stops every man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2154,12 +2154,12 @@ JOB 37 13 it32 figs-abstractnouns 0 sometimes it happens for correction The wor
|
|||
JOB 37 13 mjf4 figs-explicit 0 sometimes for his land This means that the rain waters the ground and causes vegetation to grow. Alternate translation: “sometimes to water the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 37 13 uep4 figs-abstractnouns 0 sometimes as acts of covenant faithfulness The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “sometimes to act faithfully to his covenant” or “sometimes to be faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 37 15 ch2b figs-rquestion 0 Do you know how God establishes the clouds and makes the lightning bolts to flash in them? Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot know this. Alternate translation: “You cannot understand how God establishes the clouds and makes the lightning bolts to flash in them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 37 15 cbz2 0 establishes the clouds “controls the clouds” or “makes the clouds obey him”
|
||||
JOB 37 15 cbz2 0 establishes the clouds Alternate translation: “controls the clouds” or “makes the clouds obey him”
|
||||
JOB 37 16 w6jd figs-rquestion 0 Do you understand the floating of the clouds, the marvelous deeds of God, who is perfect in knowledge? Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alternate translation: “You do not understand the floating of the clouds, the marvelous deeds of God, who is perfect in knowledge.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 37 16 z95q 0 the floating of the clouds “how the clouds float”
|
||||
JOB 37 16 z95q 0 the floating of the clouds Alternate translation: “how the clouds float”
|
||||
JOB 37 16 s2ui figs-ellipsis 0 the marvelous deeds of God The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “or do you understand the marvelous deeds of God” or “and you do not understand the marvelous deeds of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 37 17 a6f1 figs-rquestion 0 Do you understand how your garments become hot … from the south? Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alternate translation: “You do not understand how your garments become hot … from the south.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 37 17 hy96 0 how your garments become hot “how you become hot in your clothes” or “how you sweat in your clothes”
|
||||
JOB 37 17 hy96 0 how your garments become hot Alternate translation: “how you become hot in your clothes” or “how you sweat in your clothes”
|
||||
JOB 37 17 r98k figs-explicit 0 because the wind comes from the south In Israel, hot winds blow in across the desert from the south and cause hot temperatures. Alternate translation: “because of the hot, dry wind blowing in from the south” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 37 18 zlb7 figs-rquestion 0 Can you spread out the sky … a mirror of cast metal? Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot do this. Alternate translation: “You cannot spread out the sky … a mirror of cast metal.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 37 18 c2kf figs-metaphor 0 as strong as a mirror of cast metal In biblical days, mirrors were made of metal. Elihu speaks of the sky giving no rain as if it were as hard as solid metal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2175,12 +2175,12 @@ JOB 37 23 c4sd figs-metaphor 0 we cannot find him This could mean: (1) “we ca
|
|||
JOB 37 24 n2pv figs-metonymy 0 those who are wise in their own minds Here “minds” represents the person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “those who are wise in their own thinking” or “those who consider themselves to be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 38 intro bs8p 0 # Job 38 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh finally speaks in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s greatness<br>Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 1 b53y 0 Then Yahweh called Here, the word “then” marks the beginning of a new part of the book. See if your language has a similar way to introduce a new scene. Alternate translation: “After all that had happened, Yahweh called.
|
||||
JOB 38 1 zh2u 0 called to Job “answered Job” or “responded to Job”
|
||||
JOB 38 1 zk13 0 out of a fierce storm “from a powerful storm”
|
||||
JOB 38 1 zh2u 0 called to Job Alternate translation: “answered Job” or “responded to Job”
|
||||
JOB 38 1 zk13 0 out of a fierce storm Alternate translation: “from a powerful storm”
|
||||
JOB 38 2 ln5m figs-rquestion 0 Who is this who brings darkness to plans by means of words without knowledge? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Job spoke of things he did not know about. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You bring darkness to my plans by means of words without knowledge.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 2 u9fl 0 Who is this who brings “Who are you to bring”
|
||||
JOB 38 2 u9fl 0 Who is this who brings Alternate translation: “Who are you to bring”
|
||||
JOB 38 2 kw1v figs-metaphor 0 brings darkness to plans “obscures my plans” or “confuses my purposes.” How Job confuses God’s plans is spoken of as if he were making God’s plans harder to see. The abstract noun “darkness” can be translated as the verb “darkens.” Alternate translation: “darkens plans” or “makes plans hard to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 2 lq69 0 by means of words without knowledge “by speaking of things about which you do not know”
|
||||
JOB 38 2 lq69 0 by means of words without knowledge Alternate translation: “by speaking of things about which you do not know”
|
||||
JOB 38 2 nng1 figs-abstractnouns 0 words without knowledge The abstract noun “knowledge” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “unknowing words” or “ignorant words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 3 ur9i figs-idiom 0 gird up your loins like a man “tie your robe up around your waist like a man.” Men tied up their robes around their waists so that their legs could move more freely as they did heavy work. The idiom “gird up your loins like a man” means to get ready to do something involving action such as work, a contest, or a battle. Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. Alternate translation: “get yourself ready for hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOB 38 4 k38w figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh begins to challenge Job with a series of questions that emphasize he created the earth and Job did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2188,7 +2188,7 @@ JOB 38 4 xgy2 figs-rquestion 0 Where were you when I laid the earth’s foundat
|
|||
JOB 38 4 e2l4 figs-metaphor 0 I laid the earth’s foundations Yahweh describes creating the earth as though he was building a structure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 38 4 p418 figs-abstractnouns 0 if you have so much understanding The abstract noun “understanding” can be translated as the verb “understand.” Alternate translation: “if you understand so much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 5 y99g figs-rquestion 0 Who determined its dimensions? Tell me, if you know This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who determined its dimensions, if you know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 5 sp2s 0 dimensions “size”
|
||||
JOB 38 5 sp2s 0 dimensions Alternate translation: “size”
|
||||
JOB 38 5 nt85 figs-rquestion 0 Who stretched the measuring line over it? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me who stretched the measuring line over it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 5 wjp1 0 measuring line a rope or cord that people use to make something the right size and shape
|
||||
JOB 38 6 i7br figs-rquestion 0 General Information: The word “its” refers to the earth. Yahweh uses more questions to emphasize that Job could never understand how great God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2198,10 +2198,10 @@ JOB 38 6 p5tv figs-rquestion 0 Who laid its cornerstone This can be translated
|
|||
JOB 38 7 r55l figs-rquestion 0 Job finishes the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who laid its cornerstone” in verse 6. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 7 g3kf figs-rquestion 0 when the morning stars … the sons of God shouted for joy? Job finishes the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who laid its cornerstone” in verse 6. This can be translated as a statement. “Tell me who laid its cornerstone when the morning stars … the sons of God shouted for joy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 7 ql8y figs-personification 0 when the morning stars sang together The morning stars are spoken of as singing like people sing. Possible meanings are: (1) the “morning stars” are the same as the “sons of God” in the next line or (2) “the morning stars” refer to stars in the sky. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 38 7 z79e 0 the morning stars “the bright stars that shine in the morning”
|
||||
JOB 38 7 z79e 0 the morning stars Alternate translation: “the bright stars that shine in the morning”
|
||||
JOB 38 7 j365 0 sons of God This refers to angels, heavenly beings. See how you translated this in [Job 1:6](../01/06.md).
|
||||
JOB 38 7 x5id figs-abstractnouns 0 shouted for joy The abstract noun “joy” can be translated as the adverb “joyfully.” Alternate translation: “shouted joyfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 7 uc38 0 for joy “because they were full of joy”
|
||||
JOB 38 7 uc38 0 for joy Alternate translation: “because they were full of joy”
|
||||
JOB 38 8 nk5s figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses another question to emphasize that he created the earth and Job did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 8 h82c 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 8 i6wl figs-rquestion 0 Who shut up the sea … of the womb This can be translated as a command. Alternate translation: “Tell me who shut up the sea … of the womb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2209,10 +2209,10 @@ JOB 38 8 x8t1 figs-metaphor 0 shut up the sea with doors Yahweh compares the wa
|
|||
JOB 38 8 txy1 figs-simile 0 as if it had come out of the womb Yahweh compares his creation of the sea to childbirth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 38 9 un26 figs-rquestion 0 This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who shut up” in verse 8. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 9 fhm1 figs-rquestion 0 when I made clouds … and thick darkness its swaddling bands? This can be translated as a command. Alternate translation: “Tell me who shut up … when I made clouds … and thick darkness its swaddling bands.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 9 n9tt 0 its clothing “as clothes for the sea”
|
||||
JOB 38 9 n9tt 0 its clothing Alternate translation: “as clothes for the sea”
|
||||
JOB 38 9 zkz3 figs-abstractnouns 0 thick darkness its swaddling bands The abstract noun “darkness” can be translated as the adjective “dark.” Alternate translation: “made dark clouds its swaddling bands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 9 s1lf 0 swaddling bands long pieces of cloth that people use to wrap a baby in after it is born
|
||||
JOB 38 10 iq3r 0 I marked out for the sea my boundary “I made a boundary for the sea”
|
||||
JOB 38 10 iq3r 0 I marked out for the sea my boundary Alternate translation: “I made a boundary for the sea”
|
||||
JOB 38 10 j829 0 boundary Yahweh set a limit beyond which the sea was not allowed to cross.
|
||||
JOB 38 10 hyj2 figs-metaphor 0 I placed its bars and doors Yahweh compares the way that he made a boundary for the sea to containing the sea with bars and doors. Alternate translation: “I set up its barriers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 38 10 b38y 0 bars long pieces of wood or metal that are used to keep a door shut
|
||||
|
|
@ -2223,7 +2223,7 @@ JOB 38 12 c1ks figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses a question to
|
|||
JOB 38 12 b56i figs-rquestion 0 Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He begins to ask a rhetorical question. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 12 hi2g figs-rquestion 0 Have you … to know its place This question expects a negative answer. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have never … shaken the wicked out of it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 12 i57a figs-personification 0 given orders to the morning Yahweh describes the morning as being able to receive orders and know things like a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 38 12 gc16 0 caused the dawn to know its place “caused the dawn to know where it belongs”
|
||||
JOB 38 12 gc16 0 caused the dawn to know its place Alternate translation: “caused the dawn to know where it belongs”
|
||||
JOB 38 12 q9wm 0 dawn the daylight that appears in the morning sky before the sun rises
|
||||
JOB 38 13 zak3 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you given” in verse 12.
|
||||
JOB 38 13 l3k7 figs-rquestion 0 so that it might take hold … shake the wicked out of it? This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you given” in verse 12. This question expects a negative answer. It can be translated as a statement. “You have never given … so that it might take hold … shaken the wicked out of it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2238,23 +2238,23 @@ JOB 38 16 e754 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses five questions
|
|||
JOB 38 16 yt52 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 16 vy8n figs-rquestion 0 Have you gone to the sources of the waters of the sea? This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not gone to the sources of the waters of the sea.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 16 lcg5 figs-rquestion 0 Have you walked in the lowest parts of the deep? This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not walked in the lowest parts of the deep.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 16 kmu4 0 the sources of the waters “the springs”
|
||||
JOB 38 16 kmu4 0 the sources of the waters Alternate translation: “the springs”
|
||||
JOB 38 16 jrv9 figs-nominaladj 0 the deep This refers to the sea or ocean where the water is very deep. Alternate translation: “the deep sea” or “the ocean depths” or “the deep water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
JOB 38 17 a7xy figs-metaphor 0 Have the gates of death been revealed to you Death is spoken of as if it were a city that had gates through which people enter into it. This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “Has anyone shown the gates of death to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 38 17 g37w 0 the shadow of death See how you translated this in [Job 3:5](../03/05.md).
|
||||
JOB 38 18 q2iv figs-rquestion 0 Have you understood the earth in its expanse? This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not understand the earth in its expanse.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 18 k9n7 0 the earth in its expanse “the great broad places of the earth”
|
||||
JOB 38 18 l8zz 0 if you know it all “if you know all about these things”
|
||||
JOB 38 18 k9n7 0 the earth in its expanse Alternate translation: “the great broad places of the earth”
|
||||
JOB 38 18 l8zz 0 if you know it all Alternate translation: “if you know all about these things”
|
||||
JOB 38 19 kmt5 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses three questions to emphasize that he understands light and darkness and Job does not. Each of these verses have two parallel phrases. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 38 19 z2nq 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 19 p4uw figs-rquestion 0 Where is the way to the resting place of light—as for darkness, where is its place? This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not know the way to the resting place of light or the place of darkness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 19 q3uk figs-personification 0 the resting place of light “the dwelling of light.” Light is spoken of as having a resting place from which it comes forth each day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 38 19 he61 0 light “daylight” or “sunlight”
|
||||
JOB 38 19 he61 0 light Alternate translation: “daylight” or “sunlight”
|
||||
JOB 38 20 d9pc figs-rquestion 0 Can you lead light and darkness to their places of work? Can you find the way back to their houses for them? These questions expect a negative answer. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot lead light and darkness to their places of work, or find the way back to their houses for them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 20 tyy4 figs-personification 0 to their places of work “to their territory.” Light and darkness are spoken of as being led out and back each day to accomplish Yahweh’s purposes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 38 21 ca1q figs-irony 0 Undoubtedly … so large Yahweh uses mocking irony to emphasize that Job does not understand light and darkness. Alternate translation: “It is obvious that you do not know, because you were not born when I created them, and you are not very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JOB 38 21 zfd6 0 for you were born then “for you were already living then.” The word “then” refers to the time when light was created and separated from darkness. Alternate translation: “for you were already born when I created them”
|
||||
JOB 38 21 hy8k 0 the number of your days is so large “you have lived so many years”
|
||||
JOB 38 21 zfd6 0 for you were born then The word “then” refers to the time when light was created and separated from darkness. Alternate translation: “for you were already born when I created them”
|
||||
JOB 38 21 hy8k 0 the number of your days is so large Alternate translation: “you have lived so many years”
|
||||
JOB 38 22 h59t figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he rules over the natural world and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 22 w7gx figs-rquestion 0 Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He bgins to ask a rhetorical question. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 22 sj2h figs-metaphor 0 storehouses for the snow … storehouses for the hail Snow and hail are pictured as being stored by Yahweh to do his will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2263,28 +2263,28 @@ JOB 38 23 hve3 0 Connecting Statement: The rhetorical question that begins wit
|
|||
JOB 38 23 vl8g figs-rquestion 0 these things that I have kept … and war? The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Have you entered” in verse 22 ends here. “You have never entered the storehouses for the snow, and you have never seen the storehouses for the hail, these things that I have kept … and war.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 23 fv91 0 these things that I have kept The words “these things” refer to the snow and the hail (verse 22).
|
||||
JOB 38 24 ctg6 figs-activepassive 0 What is the path to where the lightning bolts are distributed or to where the winds are scattered from the east over the earth? These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “What is the path to where I distribute the lightning bolts or to where I scatter the winds from the east over the earth?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 38 24 auw5 0 the winds are scattered “the winds are blown”
|
||||
JOB 38 24 auw5 0 the winds are scattered Alternate translation: “the winds are blown”
|
||||
JOB 38 25 q4hg figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh questions Job to emphasize that he causes it to rain and thunder and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 25 f7pp figs-rquestion 0 Yahweh continues to challenge Job. He begins to ask a series of rhetorical questions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 25 eh5t figs-rquestion 0 Who has created the channels for the floods of rain This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Only I have created the channels for the floods of rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 25 j3xx figs-rquestion 0 or who has made a path for the thunder This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “and only I have made a path for the thunder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 25 ve3k 0 the floods of rain “the torrents of rain”
|
||||
JOB 38 25 cd75 0 a path for the thunder “a way for the rumble of thunder to be heard.”
|
||||
JOB 38 25 ve3k 0 the floods of rain Alternate translation: “the torrents of rain”
|
||||
JOB 38 25 cd75 0 a path for the thunder Alternate translation: “a way for the rumble of thunder to be heard.”
|
||||
JOB 38 26 g934 figs-parallelism 0 on lands where no person exists, and on the wilderness, in which there is no one These two phrases have nearly the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 38 26 na1j 0 where no person exists “where there are no people”
|
||||
JOB 38 26 na1j 0 where no person exists Alternate translation: “where there are no people”
|
||||
JOB 38 27 b6m2 figs-rquestion 0 The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has created” in verse 25 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 27 lf5w figs-rquestion 0 to satisfy … sprout with grass? The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who has created” in verse 25 ends here. This can be translated as a statement. “I am the one who has created … of rain, and I am the one who has made … to satisfy … sprout with grass.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 27 d9vt figs-explicit 0 to satisfy The implied information is that it is the rain that meets the needs of the land to grow grass. Alternate translation: “so that the rain can satisfy the needs of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 38 27 q9sc figs-hendiadys 0 devastated and desolate “ruined and wasted.” These two words have nearly the same meaning and emphasize the ruined and empty nature of these regions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
JOB 38 27 v1hz 0 with grass “the new grass” or “the fresh grass.” This is grass that is just starting to grow.
|
||||
JOB 38 27 cug4 0 make the ground sprout with “make the ground support new grass”
|
||||
JOB 38 27 cug4 0 make the ground sprout with Alternate translation: “make the ground support new grass”
|
||||
JOB 38 28 t8tq figs-rquestion 0 Yahweh begins a series of four questions to emphasize to Job that he makes rain, dew, ice, and frost and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Rain, dew, ice, and frost are spoken of as though they could be born like people are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 38 28 y3ap 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 28 be1t figs-rquestion 0 Does the rain have a father, or, who fathers the drops of dew? These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Tell me who the rain’s father is, and tell me who has become the father of the drops of dew.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 28 geg1 figs-metaphor 0 fathers the drops of dew Becoming the father of the dew is a metaphor for creating it. Alternate translation: “causes the drops of dew to exist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 38 29 gw3s figs-rquestion 0 Out of whose womb did the ice come? Who bore the white frost out of the sky? These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Tell me whose womb the ice came out of. Tell me who bore the white frost out of the sky.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 29 fm77 0 ice “frozen water”
|
||||
JOB 38 29 l9y4 0 bore “gave birth to”
|
||||
JOB 38 29 fm77 0 ice Alternate translation: “frozen water”
|
||||
JOB 38 29 l9y4 0 bore Alternate translation: “gave birth to”
|
||||
JOB 38 29 qu6n 0 the white frost dew that freezes on the ground on cold, clear nights
|
||||
JOB 38 30 jjp9 figs-personification 0 The waters hide themselves and become like stone The waters are spoken of as being able to hide. During the winter the ice hides the water underneath it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
JOB 38 30 iw86 figs-simile 0 become like stone The hardness of ice is spoken of as if it was stone. Alternate translation: “become hard like stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2292,15 +2292,15 @@ JOB 38 30 cul4 figs-nominaladj 0 the deep This refers to the sea or ocean where
|
|||
JOB 38 31 l2s5 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses five questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the heavens and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 31 w86h 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 31 rik8 figs-rquestion 0 Can you fasten chains on the Pleiades, or undo the cords of Orion? These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot fasten chains on the Pleiades, and you cannot undo the cords of Orion.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 31 kqa9 0 fasten chains on “bind chains onto” or “tie the bonds of”
|
||||
JOB 38 31 kqa9 0 fasten chains on Alternate translation: “bind chains onto” or “tie the bonds of”
|
||||
JOB 38 31 p1ai 0 the Pleiades … Orion These are the names of constellations. See how you translated them in [Job 9:9](../09/09.md).
|
||||
JOB 38 31 wb4a 0 undo the cords of Orion “loosen the cords that hold Orion”
|
||||
JOB 38 31 wb4a 0 undo the cords of Orion Alternate translation: “loosen the cords that hold Orion”
|
||||
JOB 38 32 n1r3 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 32 ys38 figs-rquestion 0 Can you lead the constellations … proper times? Can you guide … children? These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You cannot lead the constellations … proper times. You cannot guide … children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 32 lrw6 0 constellations groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky
|
||||
JOB 38 32 qx9k 0 to appear at their proper times “so that they appear at the right time”
|
||||
JOB 38 32 qx9k 0 to appear at their proper times Alternate translation: “so that they appear at the right time”
|
||||
JOB 38 32 x8g2 0 the Bear This is the name of a constellation. Translate as in [Job 9:9](../09/09.md).
|
||||
JOB 38 32 a6br 0 its children “its cubs”
|
||||
JOB 38 32 a6br 0 its children Alternate translation: “its cubs”
|
||||
JOB 38 33 y4fp figs-rquestion 0 Do you know the regulations of the sky? Could you set in place the sky’s rule over the earth? These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “You do not know the regulations of the sky? You could not set in place the sky’s rule over the earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 34 i5q7 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses two questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the rain clouds and lightning and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 34 mq7j 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2311,13 +2311,13 @@ JOB 38 35 z4cb figs-personification 0 Here we are The lightning bolts are spoke
|
|||
JOB 38 36 a9d6 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses three questions to emphasize to Job that he rules the clouds and rain and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 36 sx1r 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 36 h7ay figs-rquestion 0 Who has put wisdom in the clouds or has given understanding to the mists? These questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “I am the one who has put wisdom in the clouds and given understanding to the mists.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 36 sfx3 0 has put wisdom in the clouds “has given wisdom to the clouds”
|
||||
JOB 38 36 sfx3 0 has put wisdom in the clouds Alternate translation: “has given wisdom to the clouds”
|
||||
JOB 38 37 pv86 figs-rquestion 0 A rhetorical question begins here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 37 qju4 figs-rquestion 0 Who can pour out the water skins of the sky This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who can pour out the water skins of the sky.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 37 w7u7 figs-metaphor 0 the water skins These are skins that people sew together so that they can hold water. Yahweh refers to the thick clouds as “waters skins” because they hold much water just like water skins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 38 38 hj6z figs-rquestion 0 when the dust runs … tightly together? The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Who can pour out” in verse 37 ends here. “Only I can pour out … when the dust runs … tightly together.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 38 qh39 figs-activepassive 0 when the dust runs into a hard mass The rain makes the loose dry dirt stick together like one piece of dirt. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the rain molds the dirt into a hard mass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 38 38 njw9 0 the clods of earth clump tightly together “the lumps of soil stick together”
|
||||
JOB 38 38 njw9 0 the clods of earth clump tightly together Alternate translation: “the lumps of soil stick together”
|
||||
JOB 38 39 s331 figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he knows how to feed the lions and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 38 39 hqx6 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 38 39 f7aw figs-rquestion 0 Can you hunt down a victim for a lioness or satisfy the appetite of her young lion cubs This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot hunt down a victim for a lioness or satisfy the appetite of her young lion cubs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2337,24 +2337,24 @@ JOB 38 41 f3g8 0 provides victims “provides food.” This refers to animals
|
|||
JOB 38 41 hc2b 0 ravens large birds with shiny black feathers that feed on dead animals
|
||||
JOB 38 41 y9ey figs-explicit 0 cry out to God The implied information is that the ravens are crying out for food. Alternate translation: “cry to God for help” or “cry out for God to give them food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 38 41 nde9 0 stagger about This means to walk around in an unsteady way.
|
||||
JOB 38 41 i8kr 0 for lack of food “because they have no food” or “because they have nothing to eat”
|
||||
JOB 38 41 i8kr 0 for lack of food Alternate translation: “because they have no food” or “because they have nothing to eat”
|
||||
JOB 39 intro l9e1 0 # Job 39 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. Yahweh continues to speak in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s greatness<br>Yahweh is far greater than any man. He is the creator of the earth, and his ways will not always be understood by men because their knowledge is always limited. Since Job cannot understand creation, he cannot truly understand Yahweh.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character. Many of these questions focus on nature because Yahweh is the creator of the heavens and the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])
|
||||
JOB 39 1 b1wa figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses four questions to emphasize that he is greater than Job because Yahweh takes care of the wild mountain goats and deer and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 1 sw6i 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 1 m8kw figs-rquestion 0 Do you know at what time … bear their young? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you do not know when … bear their young!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 1 d7nh figs-rquestion 0 Can you watch when the deer are having their fawns? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not able to watch to make sure everything goes well when the deer give birth to their fawns!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 1 j6ic 0 are having their fawns “give birth to their fawns”
|
||||
JOB 39 1 j6ic 0 are having their fawns Alternate translation: “give birth to their fawns”
|
||||
JOB 39 2 phe5 figs-rquestion 0 Can you count the months that they gestate? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot count the months that they are pregnant.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 2 nrm8 0 that they gestate “to complete their pregnancy”
|
||||
JOB 39 2 nrm8 0 that they gestate Alternate translation: “to complete their pregnancy”
|
||||
JOB 39 2 w95t 0 they The word “they” refers to the goats and the deer.
|
||||
JOB 39 2 w3w9 0 gestate “are pregnant”
|
||||
JOB 39 2 w3w9 0 gestate Alternate translation: “are pregnant”
|
||||
JOB 39 2 txy4 figs-rquestion 0 Do you know the time when they bear their young? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Of course you do not know when they give birth to their young.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 3 sq9c 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 3 uj6h 0 They crouch down The word “They” refers to the wild mountain goats and the deer.
|
||||
JOB 39 3 rvs4 0 birth their young “give birth to their offspring”
|
||||
JOB 39 3 rvs4 0 birth their young Alternate translation: “give birth to their offspring”
|
||||
JOB 39 3 n62w figs-metonymy 0 then they finish their labor pains This could mean: (1) their labor pains are over when the birth is finished or (2) “labor pains” is a metonym that refers to the offspring of the goats and deer because they are the result of the mother’s labor and pain. Alternate translation: “send out their offspring from their womb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 39 4 wey9 0 the open fields “the countryside” or “the wild”
|
||||
JOB 39 4 v8ps 0 do not come back again “do not come back to them” or “do not come back to their mothers”
|
||||
JOB 39 4 wey9 0 the open fields Alternate translation: “the countryside” or “the wild”
|
||||
JOB 39 4 v8ps 0 do not come back again Alternate translation: “do not come back to them” or “do not come back to their mothers”
|
||||
JOB 39 5 p64r figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Yahweh uses two questions to emphasize that he is greater than Job because Yahweh takes care of the wild donkeys and Job does not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 5 g9xs 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 5 twv9 figs-rquestion 0 Who let the wild donkey go free? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who let the wild donkey go free.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2374,9 +2374,9 @@ JOB 39 9 u4vx figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Here Yahweh uses four quest
|
|||
JOB 39 9 s6zs 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 9 ss2c figs-rquestion 0 Will the wild ox be happy to serve you? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The wild ox will not be happy to serve you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 9 yl5m 0 the wild ox This could mean: (1) a type of ox that used to live in the wild or (2) some kind of buffalo that looked like oxen.
|
||||
JOB 39 9 f9tw 0 be happy “be willing”
|
||||
JOB 39 9 f9tw 0 be happy Alternate translation: “be willing”
|
||||
JOB 39 9 v7dg figs-rquestion 0 Will he consent to stay by your manger? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “He will not consent to stay by your manger.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 9 t1u5 0 consent to stay by your manger “stay by your manger through the night”
|
||||
JOB 39 9 t1u5 0 consent to stay by your manger Alternate translation: “stay by your manger through the night”
|
||||
JOB 39 9 sgz6 0 manger something that holds food so that animals can eat it
|
||||
JOB 39 10 iqy5 figs-rquestion 0 Can you use ropes to hold the wild ox in the furrows? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot control the wild ox with a rope in order to plow furrows in your fields.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 10 mt1p 0 ropes Farmers would tie ropes to animals’ heads or necks in order to lead them.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2388,23 +2388,23 @@ JOB 39 11 epz6 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
|||
JOB 39 11 au79 figs-rquestion 0 Will you trust him because his strength is great? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot trust him because his strength is great.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 11 zx9v 0 trust him The word “him” refers to the “wild ox.”
|
||||
JOB 39 11 cgj2 figs-rquestion 0 Will you leave your work to him to do? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not be able to make him do your work for you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 11 f3u1 0 leave your work to him to do “have him do your hard work for you”
|
||||
JOB 39 11 f3u1 0 leave your work to him to do Alternate translation: “have him do your hard work for you”
|
||||
JOB 39 12 ht1z figs-rquestion 0 Will you depend on him … grain for your threshing floor? These two clauses basically mean the same thing. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not be able to depend on him … grain for your threshing floor.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOB 39 13 g5i9 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 13 xrh3 figs-rquestion 0 The wings of the ostrich … pinions and plumage of love? Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Job cannot explain why ostriches behave the way they do. Alternate translation: “You do not know whether the pinions and plumage of the ostrich represent love when they wave their wings proudly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 39 13 c9hc 0 ostrich a very large bird that can run very fast but cannot fly
|
||||
JOB 39 13 k698 0 wave proudly “move with joy”
|
||||
JOB 39 13 k698 0 wave proudly Alternate translation: “move with joy”
|
||||
JOB 39 13 b62x 0 pinions the very long feathers on the wings of birds
|
||||
JOB 39 13 y8q9 0 plumage the smaller feathers that cover the body of a bird
|
||||
JOB 39 13 a7t4 0 of love The Hebrew word is uncertain. This could mean: (1) “of faithfulness” or (2) “of a stork.” The name of the stork meant “the faithful one” or “the loving one” because people knew that storks take very good care of their chicks.
|
||||
JOB 39 14 ix8t 0 on the earth “on the ground”
|
||||
JOB 39 14 ix8t 0 on the earth Alternate translation: “on the ground”
|
||||
JOB 39 15 eg2i 0 crush them The word “them” refers to the eggs.
|
||||
JOB 39 15 p8ek 0 trample them “step on them”
|
||||
JOB 39 15 p8ek 0 trample them Alternate translation: “step on them”
|
||||
JOB 39 16 n7gh 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 16 dn58 0 She deals roughly The word “She” refers to the female ostrich.
|
||||
JOB 39 16 u9gc 0 her labor the work that she does when she lays the eggs
|
||||
JOB 39 16 uqn1 figs-explicit 0 might have been in vain If the chicks die, all of her work was useless. Alternate translation: “might have been useless if the chicks die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 39 17 jm95 0 deprived her of wisdom “made her forget wisdom” or “not given her wisdom”
|
||||
JOB 39 17 jm95 0 deprived her of wisdom Alternate translation: “made her forget wisdom” or “not given her wisdom”
|
||||
JOB 39 17 c8hu 0 understanding See how you translated this in [Job 11:6](../11/06.md).
|
||||
JOB 39 18 bd6w 0 When she runs This verse is in contrast to her weakness in caring for her chicks. Alternate translation: “However, when she runs”
|
||||
JOB 39 18 y8sh figs-explicit 0 she laughs … its rider It is implied that she laughs because she is faster than the horse. Alternate translation: “she laughs … its rider because she can run faster than the horse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2419,12 +2419,12 @@ JOB 39 20 ul5g 0 a locust a large kind of grasshopper that can jump very far a
|
|||
JOB 39 20 mh2c 0 snorting a very loud sound that horses make with their nose
|
||||
JOB 39 21 c17t 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 21 gcq9 figs-explicit 0 He paws The word “He” refers to the horse. The horse paws the ground because he is very excited to begin the fight. Alternate translation: “He paws with excitement and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 39 21 nvw4 0 paws “digs at the ground with his hooves”
|
||||
JOB 39 21 nvw4 0 paws Alternate translation: “digs at the ground with his hooves”
|
||||
JOB 39 21 k6rc figs-metonymy 0 to meet the weapons Here “the weapons” represent the battle in which they are used. Alternate translation: “to join in the battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 39 22 vse1 0 He mocks fear “He is not afraid at all”
|
||||
JOB 39 22 juq5 0 mocks “laughs at”
|
||||
JOB 39 22 vse1 0 He mocks fear Alternate translation: “He is not afraid at all”
|
||||
JOB 39 22 juq5 0 mocks Alternate translation: “laughs at”
|
||||
JOB 39 22 qlb7 0 dismayed discouraged
|
||||
JOB 39 22 uk9z 0 does not turn back “does not run away”
|
||||
JOB 39 22 uk9z 0 does not turn back Alternate translation: “does not run away”
|
||||
JOB 39 23 cvi2 0 quiver a container that holds arrows
|
||||
JOB 39 23 ldn9 0 rattles shakes and makes noise
|
||||
JOB 39 23 i34d 0 flank the side of a horse
|
||||
|
|
@ -2434,7 +2434,7 @@ JOB 39 24 frz2 0 He The word “He” refers to the horse.
|
|||
JOB 39 24 sh13 figs-metaphor 0 swallows up ground The horse runs over the ground so quickly that the ground passes by like water that a person drinks. Alternate translation: “runs very fast over the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 39 24 bkv1 0 with fierceness and rage The horse is very excited, so he moves quickly and strongly.
|
||||
JOB 39 24 kx1q figs-explicit 0 at the trumpet’s sound It can be stated that someone blows the trumpet. Alternate translation: “when someone blows a trumpet to announce that a battle has begun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 39 24 yf1b 0 he cannot stand in one place “he is too excited to stand still”
|
||||
JOB 39 24 yf1b 0 he cannot stand in one place Alternate translation: “he is too excited to stand still”
|
||||
JOB 39 25 q35d figs-personification 0 he says, ‘Aha The word “Aha” is a sound people make when they discover something. The horse makes a sound because he has discovered the battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 39 25 nry6 figs-explicit 0 the thunderous shouts It is implied that the horse hears these things. Alternate translation: “he hears the thunderous shouts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 39 25 i8r5 0 the outcries “the battle cries.” People have special shouts that they use in war to show their great strength and bravery and to scare the enemy.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2449,18 +2449,18 @@ JOB 39 27 cz3r figs-idiom 0 mounts up This means he flies upward. Alternate tra
|
|||
JOB 39 28 u8qm 0 a stronghold The high cliffs are strongholds for eagles because the animals that would want to eat them cannot reach them.
|
||||
JOB 39 29 ps15 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 39 29 ak87 0 he searches for victims Here the word “he” refers to the eagle.
|
||||
JOB 39 29 e6kd 0 for victims “for animals that he can kill and eat”
|
||||
JOB 39 29 e6kd 0 for victims Alternate translation: “for animals that he can kill and eat”
|
||||
JOB 39 29 t32l figs-synecdoche 0 his eyes see them Here “his eyes” refer to the eagle. Alternate translation: “he sees them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 39 30 e2b5 0 His young “The baby eagles.” It may be helpful to state that this happens after the eagle kills and animal. Alternate translation: “After an eagle kills an animal, the baby eagles”
|
||||
JOB 39 30 s29l 0 drink up blood “drink the blood of the animal that he killed”
|
||||
JOB 39 30 e2b5 0 His young It may be helpful to state that this happens after the eagle kills and animal. Alternate translation: “After an eagle kills an animal, the baby eagles”
|
||||
JOB 39 30 s29l 0 drink up blood Alternate translation: “drink the blood of the animal that he killed”
|
||||
JOB 39 30 iv5j 0 where killed people are “where there are dead people.” This phrase refers to dead bodies that are lying out in the open, not to bodies that are buried in the ground.
|
||||
JOB 39 30 nx3p figs-explicit 0 there he is It can be made explicit that he comes to eat the dead bodies. Alternate translation: “he is there to eat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOB 40 intro k9mj 0 # Job 40 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 40:1-2, 4-5, 7-24, which are extended quotations of Job and Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Job’s righteousness<br>In seeking to defend his own righteousness, Job accuses Yahweh of being unjust. Yahweh asks a very important question: “Will you condemn me so you may claim you are right?” This is the essence of Job’s error.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Irony<br>Yahweh states, “He who argues with God, let him answer.” Job immediately answers him. This is irony. While Job is forced to acknowledge the power of Yahweh, he does not repent of his former statements. Because of this, Yahweh asks him more questions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Animals<br>There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives.
|
||||
JOB 40 1 jlf1 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
JOB 40 2 kpm1 figs-rquestion 0 Should anyone who wishes to criticize try to correct the Almighty? Yahweh is rebuking Job. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one who wants to criticize me should try to argue with me, for I am Almighty God.” or “You, a person, want to criticize me, Almighty God, but you should not try to correct me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 40 2 p78z figs-pronouns 0 He who argues with God, let him answer Yahweh speaks of Job and himself as if they were two other people to remind Job that no person anywhere should argue with God. Alternate translation: “You want to argue with me, so answer me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
JOB 40 4 hez5 0 See, I am “You are right when you say that I am” or “Look at me and you will see that I am”
|
||||
JOB 40 4 ymc5 0 I am insignificant “I am not important”
|
||||
JOB 40 4 hez5 0 See, I am Alternate translation: “You are right when you say that I am” or “Look at me and you will see that I am”
|
||||
JOB 40 4 ymc5 0 I am insignificant Alternate translation: “I am not important”
|
||||
JOB 40 4 q9w7 figs-rquestion 0 how can I answer you? Job uses this question to apologize for questioning God. Alternate translation: “I cannot answer you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 40 7 t5gf figs-simile 0 gird up your loins like a man A man who tucks his robe up under his sash or belt is preparing for hard physical work, and Job was to prepare for the hard work of answering God. See how you translated this in [Job 38:3](../38/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOB 40 8 piw2 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2468,10 +2468,10 @@ JOB 40 8 q5c9 figs-rquestion 0 Will you actually say that I am unjust? The word
|
|||
JOB 40 8 fj3l figs-rquestion 0 Will you condemn me so you may claim you are right? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are condemning me so you can claim that you are innocent.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 40 9 zc8k figs-simile 0 an arm like God’s The arm is a metonym for the strength in the arm. Alternate translation: “strength like God’s strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 40 9 h8v3 figs-rquestion 0 Can you thunder with a voice like him? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You certainly cannot cause thunder with your voice the way God does with his.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 40 9 bf69 0 a voice like him “a voice the way he does” or “a voice like his voice”
|
||||
JOB 40 9 bf69 0 a voice like him Alternate translation: “a voice the way he does” or “a voice like his voice”
|
||||
JOB 40 10 tc7m figs-metaphor 0 clothe yourself in glory and dignity; array yourself in honor and majesty The abstract nouns “glory,” “dignity,” “honor,” and “majesty” are spoken of as if they were clothing that a person could put on. They can be translated as adjectives and verbs. Alternate translation: “make yourself glorious; do something great so people will respect you and honor you; make people think you are a great king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 40 11 ec11 figs-metaphor 0 Scatter around the excess of your anger The abstract noun “anger” is spoken of as if it were something that usually could be held in a container, but in this situation there is so much of it that what does not fit needs to be spread around. It is also a metonym for the actions a person takes when he is angry. You may need to make explicit why the person is angry. Alternate translation: “Be angry because people are proud, and punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 40 11 vj9f 0 bring him down “take away everything he is proud of”
|
||||
JOB 40 11 vj9f 0 bring him down Alternate translation: “take away everything he is proud of”
|
||||
JOB 40 13 se3t figs-synecdoche 0 their faces The “face” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOB 40 13 y16q figs-euphemism 0 the hidden place a euphemism for the place where people’s spirits go when they die (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOB 40 15 t3an 0 behemoth a large water animal, possibly the hippopotamus
|
||||
|
|
@ -2481,7 +2481,7 @@ JOB 40 16 utj1 0 loins … belly’s muscles These two phrases refer to the sa
|
|||
JOB 40 17 t5ej figs-simile 0 like a cedar Cedar is a very hard wood, and his tail becomes very hard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 40 18 g8sh figs-simile 0 like tubes of bronze Here, his bones are compared to tubes made of bronze to show how tough this animal is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 40 18 v226 figs-simile 0 like bars of iron This last comparison describes the strength of this great animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 40 19 kd2r 0 chief of the creatures “most important of the creatures” or “strongest of the creatures”
|
||||
JOB 40 19 kd2r 0 chief of the creatures Alternate translation: “most important of the creatures” or “strongest of the creatures”
|
||||
JOB 40 19 c5rb figs-pronouns 0 the creatures of God. Only God Yahweh speaks as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “of my creatures. Only I, God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
JOB 40 20 f3ru figs-personification 0 the hills provide him with food The hills are spoken of as if they were people capable of giving him food. Alternate translation: “food grows on the hills for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 40 21 h567 0 lotus plants flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas
|
||||
|
|
@ -2489,7 +2489,7 @@ JOB 40 21 uth5 0 reeds tall grasses found in swamps or marshes
|
|||
JOB 40 22 y4zd 0 lotus plants flowering plants that float on the water in swampy areas. See how you translated this in [Job 40:19](../40/19.md).
|
||||
JOB 40 22 k86u 0 willows of the brook Willows are large trees that grow in damp ground. If they are unknown in your culture, you can use a general term for trees that grow near water.
|
||||
JOB 40 23 vbe3 0 banks sides of the river
|
||||
JOB 40 23 x8nv 0 though the Jordan should surge up to his mouth “even if the flood of the Jordan should come up to his mouth”
|
||||
JOB 40 23 x8nv 0 though the Jordan should surge up to his mouth Alternate translation: “even if the flood of the Jordan should come up to his mouth”
|
||||
JOB 40 24 uyb7 figs-rquestion 0 Can anyone capture him with a hook … snare? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can capture him with a hook or pierce his nose through with a snare.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 intro et13 0 # Job 41 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of this chapter, which is an extended quotation of Yahweh, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. It is a continuation of the previous chapter.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br>Yahweh uses a series of rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to defend his character and to convince Job to repent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Animals<br><br>There are several animals mentioned in this chapter that do not exist and may never have existed. It may be necessary to leave these names untranslated or to translate their names as adjectives.
|
||||
JOB 41 1 hgy7 0 General Information: God continues speaking. He is using many rhetorical questions to challenge Job.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2508,15 +2508,15 @@ JOB 41 5 d2ev figs-rquestion 0 Will you play with him as you would with a bird?
|
|||
JOB 41 5 kt39 figs-rquestion 0 Will you tie him up for your servant girls? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that you cannot tie him up for your servant girls.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 6 al1q figs-rquestion 0 Will the groups of fishermen bargain for him? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that the groups of fishermen will not bargain for him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 6 s28m figs-rquestion 0 Will they divide him up to trade among the merchants? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that they will not divide him up to trade among the merchants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 6 z2rx 0 Will they divide “Will the groups of fishermen divide”
|
||||
JOB 41 6 z2rx 0 Will they divide Alternate translation: “Will the groups of fishermen divide”
|
||||
JOB 41 7 j9ni 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to rebuke Job. He uses rhetorical questions to remind Job that Job is not powerful like Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 7 j5dm figs-rquestion 0 Can you fill his hide with harpoons or his head with fishing spears? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You cannot pierce his skin with your hunting weapons, nor can you pierce his head with fishing spears.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 7 ymn4 0 his Leviathan’s
|
||||
JOB 41 7 g9bk 0 harpoons large spears with barbed points that people use to hunt large sea creatures
|
||||
JOB 41 8 y27l 0 him Leviathan
|
||||
JOB 41 9 pg91 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
|
||||
JOB 41 9 pg91 0 See Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
|
||||
JOB 41 9 s2he figs-activepassive 0 will not anyone be thrown down to the ground just by the sight of him? This generalization can be translated as a statement in active form. Alternate translation: “Anyone who looks at him will be so frightened that he will throw himself on the ground.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 9 x9zn 0 the sight of him “by looking at him” or “by seeing him”
|
||||
JOB 41 9 x9zn 0 the sight of him Alternate translation: “by looking at him” or “by seeing him”
|
||||
JOB 41 10 jk4f 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues to rebuke Job by asking him rhetorical questions. He uses rhetorical questions to remind Job that Yahweh is much more powerful than both Leviathan and Job.
|
||||
JOB 41 10 wj5r figs-rquestion 0 None is so fierce that he dare stir Leviathan up; who, then, is he who can stand before me? It would be easier to stir up Leviathan than to stand before Yahweh. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Since you know that no person is so fierce that he dare stir Leviathan up, you should certainly know that no one can stand before me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOB 41 11 s27e figs-rquestion 0 Who has first given anything to me in order that I should repay him? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that no one has first given anything to me, so there is no one whom I need to repay.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2534,14 +2534,14 @@ JOB 41 16 jl62 0 One is so near to another One row of shields is so near to an
|
|||
JOB 41 16 cs18 0 between them between the rows of shields ([Job 41:15](../41/15.md))
|
||||
JOB 41 17 z5wz 0 They … they … they the rows of shields ([Job 41:15](../41/15.md)).
|
||||
JOB 41 17 x9sg figs-activepassive 0 they cannot be pulled apart This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can pull them apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOB 41 18 tbj3 0 from his snorting “when he snorts.” A snort is a sound like a short snore. Another possible meaning is “from his sneezing” or “when he sneezes.”
|
||||
JOB 41 18 tbj3 0 from his snorting A snort is a sound like a short snore. Another possible meaning is “from his sneezing” or “when he sneezes.” Alternate translation: “when he snorts”
|
||||
JOB 41 18 wjz6 figs-simile 0 his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning dawn This means that his eyes are red as the morning dawn is red. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 41 18 vs55 0 his The word “his” refers to Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 19 mp8p figs-parallelism 0 Out of his mouth go burning torches, sparks of fire leap out God expresses the same idea in two different ways in order to emphasize the terrifying appearance of Leviathan. You can make this clear by adding the omitted words. Alternate translation: “Out of his mouth go burning torches, sparks of fire leap out of his mouth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 41 19 pl7d 0 his The word “his” refers to Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 20 pqy7 0 nostrils the two openings of the nose
|
||||
JOB 41 20 uk6d figs-simile 0 smoke like a boiling pot Both the smoke and a boiling pot are very hot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 41 21 lgl1 0 kindles coals into flame “causes coals to catch fire”
|
||||
JOB 41 21 lgl1 0 kindles coals into flame Alternate translation: “causes coals to catch fire”
|
||||
JOB 41 22 xx91 0 his … him The words “his” and “him” refer to Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 22 lw67 figs-abstractnouns 0 terror dances in front of him The abstract noun “terror” can be translated as the verb “be afraid.” Alternate translation: “when people see him coming, they are very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JOB 41 23 uak5 figs-activepassive 0 they cannot be moved This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can move them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2559,13 +2559,13 @@ JOB 41 29 yn7y figs-personification 0 he laughs at the whirring flight of a spe
|
|||
JOB 41 29 rx15 0 he laughs Leviathan laughs
|
||||
JOB 41 30 jdd9 0 His … he … he These words refer to Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 30 sy31 figs-simile 0 he leaves a spreading trail in the mud as if he were a threshing sledge Just as a threshing sledge goes over grain on a threshing floor and turns it to powder, so Leviathan’s tail leaves a trail in the mud as he wags it when he walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 41 31 p2f1 0 He makes the deep to foam up like a pot of boiling water “As he passes through the water, he leaves a trail of bubbles behind him, like the bubbling of boiling water in a pot”
|
||||
JOB 41 31 p2f1 0 He makes the deep to foam up like a pot of boiling water Alternate translation: “As he passes through the water, he leaves a trail of bubbles behind him, like the bubbling of boiling water in a pot”
|
||||
JOB 41 31 bj7m 0 He The word “he” refers to Leviathan.
|
||||
JOB 41 31 z9pu figs-simile 0 he makes the sea like a pot of ointment The ointment in a pot is cloudy if someone shakes it, and the sea is muddy when Leviathan swims in it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JOB 41 32 xdy6 0 one would think the deep had gray hair This is because the bubbles in his wake are white.
|
||||
JOB 41 33 p5t9 0 there is no equal to him “no other creature is like Leviathan”
|
||||
JOB 41 33 p5t9 0 there is no equal to him Alternate translation: “no other creature is like Leviathan”
|
||||
JOB 41 33 f5nc 0 him Leviathan
|
||||
JOB 41 34 b5cm 0 He sees everything that is proud “He is very, very proud”
|
||||
JOB 41 34 b5cm 0 He sees everything that is proud Alternate translation: “He is very, very proud”
|
||||
JOB 41 34 c959 figs-personification 0 he is king over all the sons of pride Leviathan is spoken of as if he were a person who is able to become king and be proud. Alternate translation: “Leviathan has more reason to be proud than anyone else on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JOB 41 34 n88z 0 He … he Leviathan
|
||||
JOB 42 intro g9q6 0 # Job 42 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers, or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 42:1-6, which is an extended quotation of Job, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.<br><br>Having faced the temptation to curse Yahweh, and after being rebuked by him, in the end Job shows his complete trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tempt]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice<br>Yahweh enacts justice at the end of this book. He punishes Job’s friends and restores Job’s blessings. Yahweh’s blessing was not dependent upon Job’s repentance, but upon Yahweh’s grace. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -2585,14 +2585,14 @@ JOB 42 8 vy3t figs-abstractnouns 0 so that I may not deal with you after your f
|
|||
JOB 42 9 h2t8 0 Bildad the Shuhite See how you translated this man’s name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md)
|
||||
JOB 42 9 tm97 0 Zophar the Naamathite See how you translated this man’s name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md)
|
||||
JOB 42 9 l5p5 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh accepted Job The person is a metonym for the prayer he prays. Alternate translation: “God accepted Job’s prayer for his three friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOB 42 10 khw7 0 Yahweh restored his fortunes “Yahweh restored his riches” or “Yahweh restored his wealth”
|
||||
JOB 42 11 nlf5 0 all who knew him before “all the people he had known before”
|
||||
JOB 42 10 khw7 0 Yahweh restored his fortunes Alternate translation: “Yahweh restored his riches” or “Yahweh restored his wealth”
|
||||
JOB 42 11 nlf5 0 all who knew him before Alternate translation: “all the people he had known before”
|
||||
JOB 42 12 bw3a figs-ellipsis 0 more than the first The words “he blesed” and “of Job’s life” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here Alternate translation: “more than he blessed the first part of Job’s life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOB 42 12 ud3i translate-numbers 0 fourteen thousand sheep 14,000 sheep (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOB 42 12 qax5 translate-numbers 0 six thousand camels 6,000 camels (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOB 42 12 g7yp translate-numbers 0 one thousand yoke of oxen 1,000 yoke of oxen (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOB 42 13 z7x9 translate-numbers 0 seven sons and three daughters 7 sons and 3 daughters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOB 42 14 xd1h translate-names 0 Jemimah … Keziah … Keren-Happuch women’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOB 42 15 l9nw 0 no women were found as beautiful as Job’s daughters “Job’s daughters were more beautiful than all the other women”
|
||||
JOB 42 15 l9nw 0 no women were found as beautiful as Job’s daughters Alternate translation: “Job’s daughters were more beautiful than all the other women”
|
||||
JOB 42 16 s5ni translate-numbers 0 lived 140 years “lived 140 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOB 42 17 d827 figs-doublet 0 being old and full of days The words “full of days” means basically the same thing as “being old.” The two phrases form a common idiom. Alternate translation: “a very old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
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@ -3,27 +3,27 @@ PRO front intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs<br>## Part 1: General Intro
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PRO 1 intro y4et 0 # Proverbs 1 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The first chapter of proverbs begins with a type of introduction in verses 1-7. It mentions Solomon, son of David. Verse 7 contains a foundational verse for the whole book. It defines wisdom.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Parallelism<br><br>Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 1 1 q6pn writing-poetry 0 General Information: Verses 2-33 are poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
PRO 1 2 iaq1 figs-abstractnouns 0 to teach wisdom and instruction This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns “wisdom” and “instruction” can be stated as adjectives or verbs. Alternate translation: “to teach you how to be wise and to instruct you about how to live moral lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 1 2 rs3p 0 to teach words of insight “to help you understand wise teachings”
|
||||
PRO 1 2 rs3p 0 to teach words of insight Alternate translation: “to help you understand wise teachings”
|
||||
PRO 1 3 ew1z figs-you 0 that you may receive Here “you” refers to the readers. If it is more natural in your language you can state it as an inclusive “we.” Alternate translation: “that we may receive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
PRO 1 3 aun5 figs-abstractnouns 0 may receive instruction in order to live This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “instruction” is stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “may be instructed how to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 1 4 be4c figs-abstractnouns 0 are also to give wisdom to the naive This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “wisdom” can be stated as the adjective “wise.” This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “also teach to those who are naive how to be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 1 4 j62d 0 naive inexperienced or immature
|
||||
PRO 1 4 p2ca figs-abstractnouns 0 to give knowledge and discretion to young people The abstract nouns “knowledge” and “discretion” can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: “and to teach to young people what they need to know and how to discern the right thing to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 1 4 wxv5 0 discretion knowing what should be done in a particular situation
|
||||
PRO 1 5 lrm2 0 Let wise people listen and increase their learning “Let those who are wise pay attention and learn even more”
|
||||
PRO 1 5 r7sn 0 let discerning people get guidance “let people who have understanding learn from these proverbs how to make good decisions”
|
||||
PRO 1 5 lrm2 0 Let wise people listen and increase their learning Alternate translation: “Let those who are wise pay attention and learn even more”
|
||||
PRO 1 5 r7sn 0 let discerning people get guidance Alternate translation: “let people who have understanding learn from these proverbs how to make good decisions”
|
||||
PRO 1 6 rcl9 0 riddles sayings that one can understand only after thinking about them
|
||||
PRO 1 7 r9nd 0 General Information: A father teaches his child.
|
||||
PRO 1 7 ga71 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
PRO 1 7 l9za 0 fools despise wisdom and instruction “those who do not value what is wise and instructive are fools”
|
||||
PRO 1 7 l9za 0 fools despise wisdom and instruction Alternate translation: “those who do not value what is wise and instructive are fools”
|
||||
PRO 1 8 p2x9 figs-idiom 0 do not lay aside This is an idiom that means “do not ignore” or “do not reject” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 1 9 qxp8 figs-metaphor 0 they will be a graceful wreath for your head and pendants hanging from your neck The rules and instructions that parents teach their children are so valuable and important that they are spoken of as if they were a beautiful wreath or pendant that a person wears. Alternate translation: “they will make you wise just as wearing a wreath on your head or a pendant around your neck makes you beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 1 9 h55y 0 wreath an woven circle made of leaves or flowers
|
||||
PRO 1 9 l3ql 0 pendants jewelry that is worn around the neck
|
||||
PRO 1 10 y9bt 0 try to entice you into their sin “try to persuade you to sin as they do”
|
||||
PRO 1 10 e1wu 0 refuse to follow them “refuse them” or “do not listen to them”
|
||||
PRO 1 10 y9bt 0 try to entice you into their sin Alternate translation: “try to persuade you to sin as they do”
|
||||
PRO 1 10 e1wu 0 refuse to follow them Alternate translation: “refuse them” or “do not listen to them”
|
||||
PRO 1 11 f89h figs-hypo 0 If they say Here the speaker gives an example of what sinners may try to entice someone to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
PRO 1 11 nvn9 0 lie in wait “hide and wait for the right time”
|
||||
PRO 1 11 nvn9 0 lie in wait Alternate translation: “hide and wait for the right time”
|
||||
PRO 1 12 b8bq 0 General Information: Verses 12-14 end the imagined statement of the sinners who are trying to entice others to sin.
|
||||
PRO 1 12 w4w6 figs-metaphor 0 Let us swallow them up alive, like Sheol takes away those who are healthy The sinners speak of murdering innocent people as if they were Sheol and they would take a living and healthy person down to the place where dead people go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 1 12 jg5z figs-personification 0 Let us swallow … like Sheol takes away This speaks of the grave as if it were a person that swallows humans and takes them down to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -52,20 +52,20 @@ PRO 1 22 jk3x figs-rquestion 0 How long, you naive people, will you love being
|
|||
PRO 1 22 v3nj 0 naive inexperienced or immature
|
||||
PRO 1 22 j83h figs-rquestion 0 How long, you mockers, will you delight in mockery, and how long, you fools, will you hate knowledge? Wisdom uses this question to rebuke the mockers and the fools. Alternate translation: “You who mock must stop delighting in mockery, and you fools must stop hating knowledge.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 1 23 v9un figs-personification 0 General Information: Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 1 23 uv1b 0 Pay attention “Listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 1 23 uv1b 0 Pay attention Alternate translation: “Listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 1 23 t4c9 figs-metaphor 0 I will pour out my thoughts to you Wisdom telling the people everything she thinks about them is spoken of as if her thoughts were a liquid that she would pour out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 1 23 c7ci 0 I will make my words known to you “I will tell you what I think”
|
||||
PRO 1 23 c7ci 0 I will make my words known to you Alternate translation: “I will tell you what I think”
|
||||
PRO 1 24 i835 figs-idiom 0 I reached out with my hand This phrase is an idiom that means to beckon someone or to invite a person to come. Alternate translation: “I invited you to come to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 1 26 y4fk 0 General Information: Wisdom continues to speak, describing what happens to those who ignore her.
|
||||
PRO 1 26 r8lx grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 I will laugh This can be stated with the word “therefore” to show that the woman wisdom laughs at them because they ignored her. Alternate translation: “Therefore I will laugh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
|
||||
PRO 1 26 p97h 0 at your calamity “when bad things happen to you”
|
||||
PRO 1 26 p97h 0 at your calamity Alternate translation: “when bad things happen to you”
|
||||
PRO 1 27 kd9m figs-simile 0 when your fearful dread comes like a storm … like a whirlwind … come upon you Terrible things happening to the people is compared to a storm hitting them and causing fear and suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 1 27 uy59 0 whirlwind a very strong wind storm that causes damage
|
||||
PRO 1 28 m9t9 figs-personification 0 Wisdom continues speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 1 28 g5w7 0 Then they will call upon me “Then those who ignored me will cry out to me for help”
|
||||
PRO 1 28 g5w7 0 Then they will call upon me Alternate translation: “Then those who ignored me will cry out to me for help”
|
||||
PRO 1 29 xk1e figs-abstractnouns 0 Because they hate knowledge The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as the verb “learn.” Alternate translation: “Because they refused to learn to be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 1 29 iu3z figs-abstractnouns 0 did not choose the fear of Yahweh The abstract noun “fear” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “did not fear Yahweh” or “did not honor and respect Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 1 30 h1ds 0 would not follow my instruction “would not accept my instruction” or “rejected my advice”
|
||||
PRO 1 30 h1ds 0 would not follow my instruction Alternate translation: “would not accept my instruction” or “rejected my advice”
|
||||
PRO 1 31 nr9k 0 General Information: Verse 33 ends wisdom’s statement that began in [Proverbs 1:22](../01/22.md).
|
||||
PRO 1 31 wkf7 figs-metaphor 0 eat the fruit of their ways Here a person’s behavior is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Also, a person receiving the results of their behavior is spoken as if the person were eating the fruit of their behavior. Alternate translation: “experience the consequences of their actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 1 31 c1jc figs-metaphor 0 with the fruit of their schemes they will be filled “they will eat the fruit of their schemes until they are full.” A person receiving the results of their own evil plans is spoken of as eating the fruit of their schemes. Alternate translation: “they will suffer the consequences of their own evil plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ PRO 1 32 le64 figs-abstractnouns 0 the indifference of fools will destroy them
|
|||
PRO 1 32 cmi9 0 indifference a lack of interest about something
|
||||
PRO 2 intro wr6i 0 # Proverbs 2 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 2 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### My Son<br>Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.
|
||||
PRO 2 1 gj7r figs-parallelism 0 General Information: A father teaches his child using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 2 1 wtm1 0 if you receive my words “if you listen to what I am teaching you”
|
||||
PRO 2 1 wtm1 0 if you receive my words Alternate translation: “if you listen to what I am teaching you”
|
||||
PRO 2 1 jh3i figs-metaphor 0 treasure up my commandments with you Valuing what is commanded is spoken of as if the commandments were a treasure and the person were a safe place to store the treasure. Alternate translation: “consider my commands to be as valuable as a treasure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 2 2 an5c figs-idiom 0 make your ears pay attention This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “force yourself to listen carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 2 2 w1il figs-abstractnouns 0 to wisdom This abstract noun can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “to the wise things I am teaching you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ PRO 2 4 ll3n figs-metaphor 0 you seek it … search for understanding Trying ve
|
|||
PRO 2 5 h49h figs-metaphor 0 you will find the knowledge of God To succeed in knowing God is spoken of as if the knowledge of God were an object that a person finds after searching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 2 6 g5bj figs-synecdoche 0 from his mouth comes knowledge and understanding Here “mouth” represents Yahweh himself or what he says. Alternate translation: “from Yahweh comes knowledge and understanding” or “Yahweh tells us what we need to know and understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 2 7 jn6b figs-metaphor 0 He stores up sound wisdom for those who please him Yahweh teaching wisdom to people is spoken of as if wisdom were an item that Yahweh stores and gives to people. Alternate translation: “He teaches what is truly wise to those who please him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 2 7 dv7k 0 sound “dependable”
|
||||
PRO 2 7 dv7k 0 sound Alternate translation: “dependable”
|
||||
PRO 2 7 m2mi figs-metaphor 0 he is a shield for those Yahweh being able to protect his people is spoken of as if he were a shield. Alternate translation: “God protects those” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 2 7 u4zr figs-metaphor 0 who walk in integrity A person behaving with integrity is spoken of as if they were walking in integrity. Alternate translation: “who behave with integrity” or “who live their lives as they should” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 2 8 qt7r figs-metaphor 0 he guards the paths of justice This could mean: (1) justice itself is spoken of as if it were a path. Alternate translation: “God makes sure that people act justly” or (2) a person’s life is spoken of as if it were a path. Alternate translation: “God protects those who act justly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ PRO 3 6 m1v6 figs-metaphor 0 he will make your paths straight The writer speaks
|
|||
PRO 3 7 y6is figs-metaphor 0 Do not be wise in your own eyes The writer speaks of a person’s opinion as if that person were seeing something with his eyes. Alternate translation: “Do not be wise in your own opinion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 7 au5s figs-metaphor 0 turn away from evil The writer speaks of not committing evil actions as if it were turning away from evil. Alternate translation: “do not commit evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 8 du95 figs-explicit 0 It will be healing to your flesh The word “it” refers to the instructions that the writer gives in the previous verse. The full meaning of this can be made clear. The word “flesh” represents the whole body. Alternate translation: “If you do this, it will be healing for your body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 3 9 thp2 0 all your produce “all the food you harvest”
|
||||
PRO 3 9 thp2 0 all your produce Alternate translation: “all the food you harvest”
|
||||
PRO 3 10 z9am figs-activepassive 0 your storehouses will be filled up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your storehouses will be full” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 3 10 y7db 0 storehouses buildings or rooms where food is stored
|
||||
PRO 3 10 vtx6 0 your vats will be bursting your storage containers will be extremely full, as if ready to break open.
|
||||
|
|
@ -147,13 +147,13 @@ PRO 3 12 gpk5 figs-explicit 0 a son who pleases him “a son in whom he delight
|
|||
PRO 3 13 d1nq figs-metaphor 0 The one who finds wisdom The writer speaks of “wisdom” as if it were an object that one finds. Alternate translation: “The one who attains wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 14 gy74 0 what silver will give in return This refers to the profit that one can make from trading or investing silver.
|
||||
PRO 3 15 y2yl figs-personification 0 General Information: The author speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 3 15 vxz8 0 more precious “more valuable”
|
||||
PRO 3 15 vxz8 0 more precious Alternate translation: “more valuable”
|
||||
PRO 3 16 p6g3 figs-personification 0 She has the length of her days in her right hand; in her left hand are riches and honor The writer speak of the benefits that one gains from having wisdom as if wisdom were a woman who held these qualities in her hands and offered them to people. Alternate translation: “Wisdom gives a person length of days and riches and honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 16 k6ir figs-idiom 0 length of her days This idiom refers to the duration of person’s life and may imply a long life. Alternate translation: “long life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 3 17 mfb4 figs-personification 0 Her ways are ways of kindness and all her paths are peace The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman and of the benefits that wisdom gives a person as if wisdom were leading that person along a path. Alternate translation: “Wisdom will always treat you kindly and give you peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 18 le9q figs-metaphor 0 She is a tree of life to those who take hold of it The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a tree that bears life-giving fruit and of a person who benefits from wisdom as if that person ate of the fruit. Alternate translation: “Wisdom is like a tree that sustains the life of those who eat of its fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 18 l7hn 0 a tree of life “a tree that gives life” or “a tree whose fruit sustains life”
|
||||
PRO 3 18 ka8x 0 those who hold on to it “those who hold on to its fruit”
|
||||
PRO 3 18 l7hn 0 a tree of life Alternate translation: “a tree that gives life” or “a tree whose fruit sustains life”
|
||||
PRO 3 18 ka8x 0 those who hold on to it Alternate translation: “those who hold on to its fruit”
|
||||
PRO 3 19 c1nf figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh founded the earth … established the heavens The writer speaks of Yahweh creating the earth and the heavens as if he were laying the foundation of a building. Alternate translation: “Yahweh created the earth … made the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 3 20 ulw3 figs-explicit 0 the depths broke open In ancient thought, water existed under the earth. This phrase refers to Yahweh causing that water to come out of the earth and make the oceans and rivers exist. Alternate translation: “he caused the rivers to flow” or “he caused the oceans to exist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 3 20 b6d2 0 dew water that forms on the ground at night
|
||||
|
|
@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ PRO 3 24 q2v4 figs-metaphor 0 your sleep will be sweet The writer speaks of sle
|
|||
PRO 3 25 ds94 figs-activepassive 0 devastation caused by the wicked, when it comes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the wicked cause devastation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 3 26 aw88 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh will be on your side “Yahweh will be by your side.” A person standing by another person’s side is an idiom that means that the one person will help and support the other. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will support and defend you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 3 26 z3ye figs-metaphor 0 will keep your foot from being caught in a trap The writer speaks of a person experiencing harm from “terror” and “devastation” as if the person were caught in a trap. The word “foot” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “will protect you from those who want to harm you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 3 27 yl8a 0 Do not withhold good “Do not withhold good things” or “Do not withhold good actions”
|
||||
PRO 3 27 sqz5 0 when it is in your power to act “when you are able to help”
|
||||
PRO 3 27 yl8a 0 Do not withhold good Alternate translation: “Do not withhold good things” or “Do not withhold good actions”
|
||||
PRO 3 27 sqz5 0 when it is in your power to act Alternate translation: “when you are able to help”
|
||||
PRO 3 28 e1qg 0 when you have the money with you “when you have the money with you now.” The meaning here is that the person has the money to help today, but tells his neighbor to come back tomorrow.
|
||||
PRO 3 31 pae7 figs-explicit 0 Do not … choose any of his ways It is implied that he is not to choose to imitate the actions of the violent person. Alternate translation: “Do not … choose to imitate any of his ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 3 32 eu7k 0 the devious person is detestable to Yahweh “Yahweh detests the devious person”
|
||||
PRO 3 32 eu7k 0 the devious person is detestable to Yahweh Alternate translation: “Yahweh detests the devious person”
|
||||
PRO 3 32 n8ed 0 the devious person the person who is dishonest or deceitful
|
||||
PRO 3 32 uy1e figs-explicit 0 he brings the upright person into his confidence Yahweh shares his thoughts with the those who do right as with a close, trusted friend. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is a close friend to the upright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 3 33 h6ns figs-metaphor 0 The curse of Yahweh is on the house of the wicked person The writer speaks of Yahweh’s curse as if it were an object that he placed on top of the wicked person’s house. The word “house” is a metonym for family. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has cursed the family of the wicked person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -182,36 +182,36 @@ PRO 3 35 y7vz figs-metaphor 0 Wise people inherit honor The writer speaks of wi
|
|||
PRO 3 35 b6jx figs-metaphor 0 fools will be lifted up in their shame The writer speaks of Yahweh making the shame of fools evident to everyone as if Yahweh were lifting fools up for everyone to see them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause everyone to see the shame of fools” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 4 intro z4ah 0 # Proverbs 4 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 4 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### My Son<br>Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.<br><br>### Wisdom is feminine<br><br>You may notice that wisdom is referenced using a feminine pronoun. This is a feature that is carried in from the Hebrew language. This may apply well in your language but if it does not, follow the conventions of your language. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
||||
PRO 4 1 hqv1 0 General Information: The writer speaks as a father teaching his children.
|
||||
PRO 4 1 zck6 0 pay attention “listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 4 1 s4lm 0 you will know what understanding is “you will know how to understand” or “you will gain understanding”
|
||||
PRO 4 2 paf3 0 I am giving you good instructions “What I am teaching you is good”
|
||||
PRO 4 1 zck6 0 pay attention Alternate translation: “listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 4 1 s4lm 0 you will know what understanding is Alternate translation: “you will know how to understand” or “you will gain understanding”
|
||||
PRO 4 2 paf3 0 I am giving you good instructions Alternate translation: “What I am teaching you is good”
|
||||
PRO 4 3 y999 figs-explicit 0 When I was a son of my father This refers to the time when the writer was a child still living under his father’s care. Alternate translation: “When I was still a boy learning from my father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 4 3 n5ke figs-hendiadys 0 the tender and only child Here the word “tender” refers to a young age at which the child is still weak. It forms a hendiadys with the word “only.” Alternate translation: “the tender only child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
PRO 4 4 b7y3 figs-metonymy 0 Let your heart hold fast to my words Here the word “heart” represents the person’s mind. The writer speaks of remembering words as if the heart were holding on tightly to them. Alternate translation: “Always remember what I am teaching you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 5 rat9 0 General Information: The father continues to teach his children what his father taught him.
|
||||
PRO 4 5 ft42 0 Acquire wisdom “Work hard to gain for yourself wisdom” or “Get wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 fb3y 0 do not forget “remember”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 m3uv 0 do not reject “accept”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 ft42 0 Acquire wisdom Alternate translation: “Work hard to gain for yourself wisdom” or “Get wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 fb3y 0 do not forget Alternate translation: “remember”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 m3uv 0 do not reject Alternate translation: “accept”
|
||||
PRO 4 5 su5g figs-synecdoche 0 the words of my mouth Here the word “mouth” represents the person who speaks. Alternate translation: “what I am saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 4 6 zc73 figs-personification 0 do not abandon wisdom and she will watch over you; love her and she will keep you safe The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman who protects the person who is faithful to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 6 vrf5 0 do not abandon wisdom This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “hold tightly to wisdom” or “be faithful to wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 4 6 h75g 0 love her “love wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 4 6 h75g 0 love her Alternate translation: “love wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 4 7 zu2p 0 General Information: The father finishes teaching his children what his father taught him.
|
||||
PRO 4 7 guq5 0 spend all you own so you can get understanding “value understanding more than all you own”
|
||||
PRO 4 7 guq5 0 spend all you own so you can get understanding Alternate translation: “value understanding more than all you own”
|
||||
PRO 4 8 pa2i figs-personification 0 Cherish wisdom and she will exalt you The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman and of wisdom giving great honor to a person as if wisdom lifted that person to a high position. Alternate translation: “If you cherish wisdom, she will give you great honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 8 x13z 0 Cherish to feel or show great love for someone or something
|
||||
PRO 4 8 k4fl figs-personification 0 she will honor you when you embrace her The writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman and of a person valuing wisdom as if the person placed his arms around her. Alternate translation: “if you love wisdom greatly, wisdom will cause people to honor you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 9 z38e figs-metaphor 0 She will put a wreath of honor on your head The writer speaks of the honor that a person will have from gaining wisdom as if wisdom placed a wreath upon that person’s head. Alternate translation: “Wisdom will be like a wreath on your head that shows your great honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 9 beu8 0 wreath a woven circle made of leaves or flowers
|
||||
PRO 4 9 z184 figs-metaphor 0 she will give you a beautiful crown The writer speaks of the honor that a person will have from gaining wisdom as if wisdom placed a crown upon that person’s head. Alternate translation: “wisdom will be like a beautiful crown on your head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 10 p1f4 0 pay attention to my words “listen carefully to what I teach you”
|
||||
PRO 4 10 l7bx 0 you will have many years in your life “you will live many years”
|
||||
PRO 4 10 p1f4 0 pay attention to my words Alternate translation: “listen carefully to what I teach you”
|
||||
PRO 4 10 l7bx 0 you will have many years in your life Alternate translation: “you will live many years”
|
||||
PRO 4 11 h1ql figs-metaphor 0 I direct you in the way of wisdom; I lead you down straight paths The writer speaks of teaching his son to live wisely as if he were leading his son along the paths where one may find wisdom. Alternate translation: “I am teaching you how to live wisely; I am explaining the right way to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 12 xxp4 figs-metaphor 0 When you walk, no one will stand in your way and if you run, you will not stumble These two lines share similar meanings. The writer speaks of the decisions and actions that a person makes as if that person were walking or running along a path and of the person being successful as if the path were free of obstacles that might make the person stumble. Alternate translation: “When you plan something, you will succeed in doing it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 4 13 d7gk figs-metaphor 0 Hold on to instruction, do not let it go The writer speaks of a person remembering what he has learned as if “instruction” were an object that the person can hold tightly. Alternate translation: “Continue to obey what I have taught you and never forget it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 13 ljf9 figs-metonymy 0 for it is your life The writer speaks of discipline preserving a person’s life as if it were that person’s life. Alternate translation: “for it will preserve your life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 4 14 gi8l figs-metaphor 0 Do not follow the path of the wicked and do not go along the way of those who do evil The writer speaks of a person’s actions as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “Do not do what wicked people do and do not join in the actions of people who do evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 15 cr8d 0 Avoid it “Avoid the path of the wicked”
|
||||
PRO 4 15 cr8d 0 Avoid it Alternate translation: “Avoid the path of the wicked”
|
||||
PRO 4 16 n1jz figs-hyperbole 0 they cannot sleep until they do evil They probably could literally sleep, but the writer uses an exaggeration to express how intensely they desire to commit evil actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
PRO 4 16 a2jq figs-hyperbole 0 they are robbed of sleep The writer speaks of people being unable to sleep as if sleep were an object that someone stole from them. They probably could literally sleep, but the writer uses an exaggeration to express how intensely they desire to commit evil actions. Alternate translation: “they are unable to sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 16 bvp7 figs-metaphor 0 until they cause someone to stumble The writer speaks of causing harm to another person as if it were causing that person to stumble. Alternate translation: “until they harm someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ PRO 4 18 jv88 figs-idiom 0 until the fullness of the day comes This refers to t
|
|||
PRO 4 19 bqj5 figs-metaphor 0 The way of the wicked The writer speaks of the actions and lifestyles of wicked people as if they were a “path” or “way” upon which they walk. Alternate translation: “The lifestyle of the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 19 mj9l figs-simile 0 The way of the wicked is like darkness The writer compares the way of wicked people to darkness, meaning that they are always in danger because they have no light to see where they are walking. Alternate translation: “Wicked people walk dangerously along their path because they have no light to be able to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 4 19 m9yh figs-metaphor 0 they do not know what it is they stumble over The writer speaks of experiencing harm as if it were stumbling over an object in the path along which the person walks. Alternate translation: “they do not know why they experience harm and misfortune” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 20 w8jd 0 pay attention “listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 4 20 w8jd 0 pay attention Alternate translation: “listen carefully”
|
||||
PRO 4 20 kji2 figs-synecdoche 0 incline your ear to my sayings Here the word “ear” represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. The word “sayings” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen attentively to the things that I am saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 4 21 zdv5 figs-metaphor 0 Do not let them turn away from your eyes The writer speaks of always thinking about something as if it were keeping it where one can see it. Alternate translation: “Do not stop thinking about them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 21 a189 figs-metaphor 0 keep them in your heart The writer speaks of remembering something as if it were keeping it within one’s heart. Alternate translation: “always remember them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ PRO 4 23 n8vd figs-metonymy 0 from it flow the springs of life The word “it
|
|||
PRO 4 24 a2sw figs-metaphor 0 Put crooked speech away from you and put corrupt talk far from you The writer speaks of lying or deceitful speech as if it were crooked and of a person not using this kind of language as if it were removing it far away from oneself. Alternate translation: “Do not lie and do not speak deceitfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 25 il8g figs-synecdoche 0 Let your eyes look straight ahead and fix your gaze straight before you Here the word “eyes” represents the person who is looking. The writer speaks of a person being committed to doing the right thing as if that person were constantly looking forward without turning his head to look in another direction. Alternate translation: “Always look straight ahead and fix your gaze straight before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 26 nt2z figs-synecdoche 0 Make a level path for your foot Here the word “foot” represents the person who is walking. The writer speaks of a person’s actions as if he were walking along a path, and of planning those actions carefully as if it were making that path level. Alternate translation: “Make a level path to walk on” or “Prepare well what you want to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 26 g2a2 0 a level path “a smooth path” or “an even path”
|
||||
PRO 4 26 g2a2 0 a level path Alternate translation: “a smooth path” or “an even path”
|
||||
PRO 4 26 xyn9 figs-metaphor 0 then all your ways will be secure The writer speaks of a person’s actions as if the person were walking along a path and of those actions being successful as if the path were safe and secure. Alternate translation: “then everything that you do will be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 4 27 h89u figs-merism 0 Do not turn aside to the right or to the left The directions “right” and “left” form a merism, meaning that the person is not to leave the level path in any direction. Alternate translation: “Walk straight ahead and do not leave the level path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
PRO 4 27 j3tn figs-synecdoche 0 turn your foot away from evil Here the word “foot” represents the person who walks. The writer speaks of not committing evil actions as if the person were walking away from evil. Alternate translation: “turn away from evil” or “stay away from evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ PRO 5 9 yb9a 0 a cruel person This may refer to the husband of the adulteress,
|
|||
PRO 5 10 d9br figs-metaphor 0 strangers will not feast on your wealth The writer speaks of people taking and enjoying another person’s wealth as if they were feasting on the wealth. Alternate translation: “strangers will not take all of your wealth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 5 10 ksf3 figs-metonymy 0 what you have worked for will not go into the house of strangers Here the word “house” represents the person’s family. Alternate translation: “the things that you have obtained will not end up belonging to the families of strangers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 5 11 la5h figs-doublet 0 your flesh and your body waste away The words “flesh” and “body” mean basically the same thing and represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “your body wastes away” or “you waste away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 5 11 i4yh 0 waste away “physically wear down” or “become weak and unhealthy”
|
||||
PRO 5 11 i4yh 0 waste away Alternate translation: “physically wear down” or “become weak and unhealthy”
|
||||
PRO 5 12 x4di figs-parallelism 0 I hated instruction … my heart despised correction These two phrases express the same idea and emphasize how much this person disliked what the teacher had said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 5 12 m4gr figs-exclamations 0 How I hated instruction The word “How” is an exclamation that emphasizes the strength of his hatred. The word “instruction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “I hated it so much when someone would instruct me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 5 12 b7lf figs-synecdoche 0 my heart despised correction Here the word “heart” represents the person and his emotions. The word “correction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “I despised people when they corrected me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ PRO 5 16 pe1s figs-rquestion 0 Should your springs … your streams of water fl
|
|||
PRO 5 16 u3ua figs-euphemism 0 Should your springs … your streams of water flow in the public squares? Here the words “springs” and “streams of water” are likely euphemisms for male reproductive fluids. Possible meanings for these metaphorical phrases are: (1) sleeping with women other than one’s wife is spoken of as if it were allowing one’s water to flow in the public streets or (2) having children with women other than one’s wife is spoken of as if it were allowing one’s water to flow in the public streets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 5 16 ss2w 0 public squares Open areas in a city or town where two or more streets meet. A common place for people to meet each other and talk.
|
||||
PRO 5 17 f7ge 0 Let them be The word “them” refers to the “springs” and “streams of water” and what they stand for.
|
||||
PRO 5 17 s9wf 0 not for strangers with you “do not share them with strangers”
|
||||
PRO 5 17 s9wf 0 not for strangers with you Alternate translation: “do not share them with strangers”
|
||||
PRO 5 18 xd81 figs-metaphor 0 May your fountain be blessed The writer speaks of the son’s wife as if she were a fountain. Here the word “blessed” refers to the sense of joy that the man has in his wife. Alternate translation: “May you always find joy with your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 5 18 tz7f 0 the wife of your youth This could mean: (1) “the wife whom you married when you were young” or (2) “your young wife.”
|
||||
PRO 5 19 n93j figs-metaphor 0 she is a loving deer and a graceful doe The writer speaks of the son’s wife as if she were “a loving deer and a graceful doe.” Here “deer” and “doe” mean a female deer. They were symbols of beauty both in their appearance and in their movements. Alternate translation: “she is as beautiful and graceful as a deer or a doe” or “she is as beautiful and graceful as a female deer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -296,23 +296,23 @@ PRO 5 21 p1ar figs-metaphor 0 all the paths he takes The writer speaks of a per
|
|||
PRO 5 22 u9ya figs-personification 0 A wicked person will be seized by his own iniquities The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his iniquities as if those iniquities were people who capture the wicked person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “A wicked person’s own iniquities will seize him” or “A wicked person will be unable to avoid the consequences of his iniquities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 5 22 he5d figs-metaphor 0 the cords of his sin will hold him tight The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his sin as if that sin were a trap made of cords in which the person is caught. Alternate translation: “because of his sin, he will be like an animal caught in a trap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 5 23 x16k figs-activepassive 0 he is led astray by his great foolishness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his great foolishness leads him astray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 5 23 n1a7 0 by his great foolishness “because he is very foolish”
|
||||
PRO 5 23 n1a7 0 by his great foolishness Alternate translation: “because he is very foolish”
|
||||
PRO 6 intro xq95 0 # Proverbs 6 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 6 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### My Son<br><br>Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.<br><br>### Adulteress<br><br>The latter part of this chapter comes back to the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. An adulteress is a woman who commits adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])<br><br>### Numbers<br><br>Occasionally, the author will mention a list of six things, or seven things, that Yahweh hates. These numbers are used to draw attention to the list of things. It is not important whether there are six or seven things in the list.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical questions<br><br>The author will use rhetorical questions to draw the reader’s attention to important points. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Animals used as types<br><br>The gazelle and the ant have certain characteristics which the author uses to give wisdom. If your language does not recognize these characteristics in those animals, you could add a footnote to explain or possibly substitute another animal from your culture that would help explain the same concept. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
||||
PRO 6 1 sb1b figs-explicit 0 set aside your money Implied here is that your promise and the circumstances forced you to save up your money. Alternate translation: “had to save up some of your money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 6 1 z256 0 a guarantee for your neighbor’s loan This could mean: (1) your neighbor may come to you to ask for a loan or (2) your neighbor wants to take out a loan from someone else, but you promise to pay the lender back if your neighbor cannot.
|
||||
PRO 6 1 p3wd 0 neighbor This same Hebrew word can also mean “friend.”
|
||||
PRO 6 2 p9iu figs-idiom 0 you have laid a trap for yourself This is a figure of speech saying that you are going to trap yourself. Alternate translation: “you have made a trap in which you yourself are caught” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 6 2 qta7 0 the words of your mouth “what you said” or “what you promised to do”
|
||||
PRO 6 3 d6yp 0 save yourself “protect yourself” or “help yourself out of these problems”
|
||||
PRO 6 2 qta7 0 the words of your mouth Alternate translation: “what you said” or “what you promised to do”
|
||||
PRO 6 3 d6yp 0 save yourself Alternate translation: “protect yourself” or “help yourself out of these problems”
|
||||
PRO 6 3 zn5u figs-idiom 0 you have fallen into the hand of your neighbor This is a figure of speech using the term “hand” to mean “harm.” Alternate translation: “your neighbor can bring harm to you if he wants to” or “your neighbor has power over you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 6 3 mzx9 0 neighbor “friend”
|
||||
PRO 6 3 mzx9 0 neighbor Alternate translation: “friend”
|
||||
PRO 6 4 be5i figs-parallelism 0 Give your eyes no sleep and your eyelids no slumber “Do not let your eyes sleep; do not let your eyelids slumber.” These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it is not to be lazy. It is also stated negatively for even more emphasis. Alternate translation: “Stay awake, and do what you can” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 6 4 n831 figs-synecdoche 0 your eyes … your eyelids This is a figure of speech using parts of your face to mean your whole body. Alternate translation: “yourself … yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 6 5 xjb3 0 Save yourself like a gazelle from the hand of the hunter “Escape from your neighbor like a gazelle that flees from a hunter”
|
||||
PRO 6 5 xjb3 0 Save yourself like a gazelle from the hand of the hunter Alternate translation: “Escape from your neighbor like a gazelle that flees from a hunter”
|
||||
PRO 6 5 lcv3 0 gazelle This is a big, lean animal that eats grass and that people often hunt for meat. It is famous for running away quickly.
|
||||
PRO 6 5 ffv9 figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of the hunter The hand of the hunter refers to the hunter’s control. Alternate translation: “from the control of the hunter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 5 fn1g 0 like a bird from the hand of the fowler “and escape like a bird that flies away from a bird-hunter”
|
||||
PRO 6 6 il7a 0 Look at … consider “Study … think about” or “carefully observe … ponder”
|
||||
PRO 6 5 fn1g 0 like a bird from the hand of the fowler Alternate translation: “and escape like a bird that flies away from a bird-hunter”
|
||||
PRO 6 6 il7a 0 Look at … consider Alternate translation: “Study … think about” or “carefully observe … ponder”
|
||||
PRO 6 6 xh1r 0 ant An ant is a small insect that lives underground or in a self-built hill. They usually live in groups of thousands, and they can lift things that are much bigger than they are.
|
||||
PRO 6 6 uze2 figs-metonymy 0 consider her ways This is a figure of speech using the “ways” of an ant to refer to the behavior of the ant. Alternate translation: “consider how the ant behaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 7 tmb7 figs-doublet 0 commander, officer, or ruler These three words mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasized that no one has formal authority over an individual ant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -325,68 +325,68 @@ PRO 6 10 c54p figs-metonymy 0 folding of the hands to rest People often fold th
|
|||
PRO 6 11 qm7m figs-explicit 0 and your poverty will come This can be stated as a new sentence to make clear that this is a result of being lazy. Alternate translation: “If you continue to be lazy, your poverty will come” or “While you sleep, poverty will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 6 11 zz4v figs-simile 0 your poverty will come like a robber The sudden way a lazy person becomes poor is like the sudden way a robber comes and steals things. Alternate translation: “you will suddenly become poor, just as if a robber came and stole everything you have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 6 11 r7za figs-simile 0 and your needs like an armed soldier The sudden way a lazy person becomes in need of things is like the sudden way an armed soldier takes things from a person. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “and your needs will come to you like an armed soldier” or “and you will become needy just as if an armed soldier stole all your things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 6 11 vt3g 0 an armed soldier “a soldier who is holding a weapon” or “a man with a weapon”
|
||||
PRO 6 11 vt3g 0 an armed soldier Alternate translation: “a soldier who is holding a weapon” or “a man with a weapon”
|
||||
PRO 6 12 sk3y figs-doublet 0 A worthless person—a wicked man These two words have the same meaning and emphasize how bad this person is. Alternate translation: “A person with no value—an evil man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 6 12 q9ly figs-metaphor 0 lives by the crookedness of his speech Here lies are spoken of as speech that is crooked. Alternate translation: “constantly tells lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 6 13 b2zu 0 winking his eyes, making signals with his feet and pointing with his fingers All three of these phrases describe a way in which the evil person communicates secretly to deceive other people.
|
||||
PRO 6 13 kq86 0 winking his eyes If someone winks, he closes one eye very briefly as a secret signal to another person. This might be a sign of trust, of approval, or of something else.
|
||||
PRO 6 14 za5w 0 He plots evil “He plans evil” or “He prepares to do evil deeds”
|
||||
PRO 6 14 bbx6 0 he always stirs up discord “he always causes discord” or “he is constantly looking for conflict and escalating it”
|
||||
PRO 6 15 n8uw 0 Therefore “For that reason”
|
||||
PRO 6 14 za5w 0 He plots evil Alternate translation: “He plans evil” or “He prepares to do evil deeds”
|
||||
PRO 6 14 bbx6 0 he always stirs up discord Alternate translation: “he always causes discord” or “he is constantly looking for conflict and escalating it”
|
||||
PRO 6 15 n8uw 0 Therefore Alternate translation: “For that reason”
|
||||
PRO 6 15 fz64 figs-personification 0 his disaster will overtake him This implies that the disaster is chasing him like a person or an animal, and that it will catch him soon. Alternate translation: “his disaster will catch him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 6 15 j5gd 0 his disaster This refers to the disaster that will happen to him, but also the disaster that he himself caused.
|
||||
PRO 6 15 h6bm 0 in an instant; in a moment Both mean the same thing, and one or both of them can be replaced by “suddenly” or “very quickly.”
|
||||
PRO 6 16 it1e figs-parallelism 0 six things that Yahweh hates, seven that This whole verse is a parallelism that emphasizes that God hates several things and not just one. Alternate translation: “six things that Yahwah hates; seven things that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 16 akh6 0 that are disgusting to him “that make him feel disgust” or “that make you disgusting according to him”
|
||||
PRO 6 16 akh6 0 that are disgusting to him Alternate translation: “that make him feel disgust” or “that make you disgusting according to him”
|
||||
PRO 6 17 zib9 0 Connecting Statement: This is the list of things that Yahweh hates that was introduced in [Proverbs 6:16](./16.md).
|
||||
PRO 6 17 kpi4 figs-synecdoche 0 eyes … tongue … hands All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these with “people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 6 17 cip3 0 shed the blood of “kill” or “murder”
|
||||
PRO 6 17 cip3 0 shed the blood of Alternate translation: “kill” or “murder”
|
||||
PRO 6 18 jq4t figs-synecdoche 0 heart … feet All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these with “people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 6 18 ex5v 0 wicked schemes “evil plans”
|
||||
PRO 6 18 ex5v 0 wicked schemes Alternate translation: “evil plans”
|
||||
PRO 6 19 g2tz figs-idiom 0 breathes out lies This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying constantly. Alternate translation: “constantly lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 6 19 r9n1 0 discord See how you translated this in [Proverbs 6:14](../06/14.md).
|
||||
PRO 6 19 avm1 figs-metaphor 0 one who sows discord This figure of speech is using “sows” to refer to causing or bringing about discord. Alternate translation: “a person who causes discord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 6 20 e5gm figs-parallelism 0 obey the command of your father … do not forsake the teaching of your mother These two phrases on the one hand mean the same thing. On the other hand, the repeated emphasis on both “father” and “mother” explicitly includes women in the whole teaching-learning process. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 20 u11d figs-litotes 0 do not forsake the teaching of your mother This figure of speech is using the negative “forsake” to mean the positive “obey.” Alternate translation: “obey the teaching of your mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 6 21 qz2z figs-metaphor 0 bind them on your heart; tie them about your neck These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They describe the commands and instructions as if they are written down so that you can put it in or on your body to remind yourself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 6 21 b76k 0 bind them on your heart “love them” or “think about them”
|
||||
PRO 6 21 b76k 0 bind them on your heart Alternate translation: “love them” or “think about them”
|
||||
PRO 6 22 r61q figs-parallelism 0 When you walk … when you sleep … when you wake up These three phrases are used together to emphasize that the lessons are valuable all the time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 22 hw2r figs-parallelism 0 they will guide you … they will watch over you … they will teach you The repetition of these phrases is to show that the lessons are valuable for all sorts of things. It also speaks of those lessons as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 6 23 u5p1 figs-parallelism 0 the commands … the teaching … the corrections that come by instruction These three phrases mean basically the same thing, and together they show the various types of lessons a father and a mother teach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 23 s8lq figs-metaphor 0 a lamp … a light … the way of life All three of these mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize the fact that the lessons make life better and easier. Alternate translation: “as useful as a lamp … as helpful as light in the darkness … as necessary to follow as the way of life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 23 n5j2 0 the way of life “the way that leads to life” or “the way of living that God approves of”
|
||||
PRO 6 23 n5j2 0 the way of life Alternate translation: “the way that leads to life” or “the way of living that God approves of”
|
||||
PRO 6 24 p7az figs-123person 0 It keeps you from Here the word “it” refers to the lessons taught by the father and mother in [Proverbs 6:20](../06/20.md). Alternate translation: “It saves you from” or “It protects you from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
PRO 6 24 sjp3 0 the immoral woman … an immoral woman These two words mean basically the same thing. See how you translated the word “adulteress” in [Proverbs 5:3](../05/03.md).
|
||||
PRO 6 24 sw14 0 immoral “morally evil”
|
||||
PRO 6 24 sw14 0 immoral Alternate translation: “morally evil”
|
||||
PRO 6 25 ty32 figs-metaphor 0 do not let her capture you with her eyelashes The writer speaks of the woman’s eyelashes as if they were a trap into which the young man could fall. They are a synecdoche for her beauty and a metonym for the way the woman looks at the young man to make her want her. Alternate translation: “do not allow her to gain control over you by being beautiful and by the way she looks at you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 25 rx3p figs-metonymy 0 in your heart Here “heart” represents the mind. Alternate translation: “in your thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 25 m7d2 figs-metonymy 0 her beauty “what is beautiful about her.” This can also be a metonym for the woman. Alternate translation: “her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 25 f4km 0 capture you “gain control over you”
|
||||
PRO 6 25 f4km 0 capture you Alternate translation: “gain control over you”
|
||||
PRO 6 25 vnr8 figs-synecdoche 0 her eyelashes The “eyelashes” stand for the beautiful things about her body that she uses to catch a man’s attention. Alternate translation: “her beautiful eyes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 6 26 p3jv 0 the price of a loaf of bread This is talking about the material cost, not the spiritual cost or the moral cost. Alternate translation: “a little bit”
|
||||
PRO 6 26 k5fu 0 may cost you your very life This could mean: (1) the wife of another man will destroy your life because she always wants more or (2) the husband of the other woman will hunt you down and kill you.
|
||||
PRO 6 27 gzh2 figs-rquestion 0 Can a man carry a fire against his chest without burning his clothes? This action would be very dangerous and would cause harm. The implied answer to the question is “no.” Alternate translation: “Every man who carries a fire in his chest will burn his clothes.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 6 27 sew8 0 without burning “without destroying” or “and not destroy”
|
||||
PRO 6 27 sew8 0 without burning Alternate translation: “without destroying” or “and not destroy”
|
||||
PRO 6 27 pt18 figs-metonymy 0 his clothes His clothes stand for him as a whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 28 r98z figs-rquestion 0 Can a man walk on hot coals without scorching his feet? Walking on hot coals will scorch a person’s feet, so the implied answer is “no.” Alternate translation: “Every man who walks on hot coals will have scorched feet.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 6 28 tw8h figs-metaphor 0 walk on hot coals This stands for committing adultery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 6 28 fy6m 0 walk That is to slowly walk a long distance, without using tricks or magic.
|
||||
PRO 6 28 kf2l 0 scorching “burning”
|
||||
PRO 6 28 kf2l 0 scorching Alternate translation: “burning”
|
||||
PRO 6 29 gh7k figs-euphemism 0 the man who goes in to his neighbor’s wife This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “the man who has sexual relations with his neighbor’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
PRO 6 30 fwq5 0 despise a thief “do not regard a thief with contempt” or “do not think a thief is evil”
|
||||
PRO 6 30 fwq5 0 despise a thief Alternate translation: “do not regard a thief with contempt” or “do not think a thief is evil”
|
||||
PRO 6 31 n1t7 figs-activepassive 0 if he is caught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone catches him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 6 31 b9ns figs-idiom 0 in his house This figure of speech is saying that everything in his house is all that he owns. Alternate translation: “that he owns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 6 32 s8mh 0 The one “The person” or “The man”
|
||||
PRO 6 33 m2lu 0 what he deserves “the appropriate punishment for what he has done”
|
||||
PRO 6 32 s8mh 0 The one Alternate translation: “The person” or “The man”
|
||||
PRO 6 33 m2lu 0 what he deserves Alternate translation: “the appropriate punishment for what he has done”
|
||||
PRO 6 33 t99k figs-metonymy 0 his disgrace This figure of speech is using the term “disgrace” to refer to the feeling of him acting shamefully. Alternate translation: “the memory of his shameful act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 6 33 c8nh figs-litotes 0 will not be wiped away This figure of speech is using the negative “will not be wiped away” to refer to it always being there. Alternate translation: “will always remain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 6 34 lyk4 0 furious very angry
|
||||
PRO 6 34 qsy2 figs-litotes 0 he will show no mercy The “he” is the neighbor whose wife has committed adultery with another man. Alternate translation: “he will not limit the pain he will cause you” or “he will hurt you as much as he can” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 6 34 rc71 0 when he takes his revenge “in the moment of his revenge” or “when the moment arrives when he can take his revenge”
|
||||
PRO 6 34 rc71 0 when he takes his revenge Alternate translation: “in the moment of his revenge” or “when the moment arrives when he can take his revenge”
|
||||
PRO 6 34 tk3n 0 takes his revenge If a person takes revenge, it is to cause hurt to the person who hurt him first.
|
||||
PRO 6 35 b2ym 0 compensation payment by one who does wrong to the person to whom he has done wrong
|
||||
PRO 6 35 fly2 figs-activepassive 0 he cannot be bought off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you cannot pay him enough money to change his mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 6 35 pc8x 0 off, though “off. This will be true even if”
|
||||
PRO 6 35 pc8x 0 off, though Alternate translation: “off. This will be true even if”
|
||||
PRO 7 intro pk5f 0 # Proverbs 7 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 7 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Parallelism<br><br>Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br><br>Many of the proverbs are stated as promises or commands, but they are intended to be advice.<br><br>### My Son<br><br>Occasionally the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males, but is still given in the context of a father warning his son.<br><br>### Adulteress<br><br>This chapter continues the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her.
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PRO 7 1 at6w figs-metaphor 0 keep my words Here keeping represents obeying. Alternate translation: “obey my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 1 k635 figs-metaphor 0 store up my commands within yourself Here God’s commands are spoken of as if they were objects that someone could put into a storeroom. Alternate translation: “memorize my commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ PRO 7 3 g5jv figs-metaphor 0 Tie them on your fingers This could mean: (1) that
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PRO 7 3 c4yy figs-metaphor 0 write them on the tablet of your heart Here the heart represents a person’s mind, and remembering something well is spoken of as if the person were writing it on a stone tablet. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:3](../03/03.md). Alternate translation: “remember my commands well as if you were writing them in stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 4 jn44 figs-personification 0 Say to wisdom, “You are my sister Here wisdom is spoken of as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “Value wisdom as you would love your sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 7 4 z4x8 figs-personification 0 call understanding your kinsman Here the quality of understanding is spoken of as if it were a kinsman or relative. Alternate translation: “treat understanding as you would treat your kinsman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 7 4 j17k 0 kinsman “relative” or “family member”
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PRO 7 4 j17k 0 kinsman Alternate translation: “relative” or “family member”
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PRO 7 5 xkl2 0 the adulterous woman This refers to any woman to whom a man is not married. Alternate translation: “the woman whom you should have nothing to do with”
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PRO 7 5 y9gh 0 the immoral woman This refers to any woman who is not known to a man.
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PRO 7 5 s251 0 with her smooth words Words intended to deceive are spoken of as if they were smooth objects. Alternate translation: “who says pleasant things, but wants to deceive you”
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@ -406,24 +406,24 @@ PRO 7 8 i1kl 0 her corner Here “her” refers to any female stranger, as ref
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PRO 7 8 v7v4 0 corner This refers to where two roads meet.
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PRO 7 9 zn5n 0 twilight the time of day when it is getting darker and about to become night
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PRO 7 10 bu68 figs-metaphor 0 with a false heart Here “heart” represents intentions or plans. Alternate translation: “she planned to deceive someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 11 vkd8 0 She was loud and wayward “She talked loudly and acted in the ways she wished to”
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PRO 7 11 vkd8 0 She was loud and wayward Alternate translation: “She talked loudly and acted in the ways she wished to”
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PRO 7 11 es4s figs-synecdoche 0 her feet did not stay at home The phrase “her feet” represent the woman. Alternate translation: “she did not stay at home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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PRO 7 12 h64f figs-metaphor 0 she waited in ambush Here the woman is spoken of as if she were preparing to physically trap a person or an animal. Also, the idea of trapping someone here represents persuading someone to commit sin. Alternate translation: “she waited to trap someone” or “she waited to find someone she could persuade to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 13 l1ic 0 she the woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 7:10](./10.md)
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PRO 7 13 sa2m 0 grabbed him “took hold of him firmly”
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PRO 7 13 sa2m 0 grabbed him Alternate translation: “took hold of him firmly”
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PRO 7 13 vef7 figs-idiom 0 with a strong face Here “strong” represents “stubborn.” A “strong face” means a stubborn expression on a person’s face. This implies that the woman is acting in a stubborn way, that she is deliberately doing what she knows is wrong. Alternate translation: “with a shameless expression on her face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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PRO 7 14 ei2g figs-metonymy 0 I paid my vows Here “vows” represents what the person promised to sacrifice to God. Alternate translation: “I made the sacrifices I promised to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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PRO 7 15 fys2 figs-synecdoche 0 seek your face Here “face” represents the person and especially the person’s presence. Alternate translation: “look for you” or “find out where you are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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PRO 7 17 g7k4 0 sprinkled my bed with “scattered on my bed”
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PRO 7 17 g7k4 0 sprinkled my bed with Alternate translation: “scattered on my bed”
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PRO 7 17 ibk7 0 aloes A type of wood from a tree that smells good.
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PRO 7 17 q1mx 0 cinnamon This is a spice made from the bark of a tree that smells and tastes good.
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PRO 7 18 h91x figs-metaphor 0 let us drink our fill of love Here the pleasures of romantic love are spoken of as if they were something good to drink. Alternate translation: “let us make love to each other as much as we want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 19 vc42 0 is not at his house “is not at home”
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PRO 7 19 vc42 0 is not at his house Alternate translation: “is not at home”
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PRO 7 20 zw96 0 full moon The moon is said to be full when it is a perfectly round disk, shining at its brightest.
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PRO 7 21 ptg3 figs-metaphor 0 she turned him To persuade someone to act in a certain way is spoken of as if it were changing the direction that person was walking. Alternate translation: “she persuaded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 21 ev91 0 her … she … him The female is the married woman who wants to sleep with “him,” the young man.
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PRO 7 21 l3nt figs-metonymy 0 smooth lips Here “lips” represents what a person says. When a person flatters someone else by saying things that are not sincere, these words are spoken of as if they were a smooth object. Alternate translation: “flattering, deceiving words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 7 21 c6k6 0 she misled him “she persuaded him to do something evil” Alternate translation: “she convinced him to sin with her”
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PRO 7 21 c6k6 0 she misled him Alternate translation: “she convinced him to sin with her”
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PRO 7 22 rvi9 figs-explicit 0 He went after her suddenly This seems to imply that the young man took very little time to think about what he should do. Alternate translation: “He quickly decided to go after her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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PRO 7 22 tal5 figs-simile 0 like an ox going to slaughter … a deer caught in a trap The naive and unsuspecting way the young man follows the adulteress is compared to the way two animals are unaware of the danger they are in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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PRO 7 22 pk4m 0 slaughter This refers to killing an animal in order to eat its meat.
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@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ PRO 8 1 qsc7 figs-personification 0 General Information: In chapter 8 wisdom is
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PRO 8 1 v9h5 figs-rquestion 0 Does not Wisdom call out? This question is used to remind the readers of something they should already know. Alternate translation: “Wisdom calls out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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PRO 8 1 i9hu figs-personification 0 Does not Wisdom call out? Here wisdom is imagined as a woman. If a language does not allow this kind of metaphor, other possible translations are: (1) “Is not wisdom like a woman who calls out?” (2) “Does not a woman named Wisdom call out?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 1 pt6p figs-rquestion 0 Does not Understanding raise her voice? Here “Understanding” means the same as “Wisdom.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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PRO 8 1 k4ug 0 raise her voice “speak”
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PRO 8 1 k4ug 0 raise her voice Alternate translation: “speak”
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PRO 8 3 z73y 0 the gates at the entrance into the city In ancient times, cities usually had outer walls with gates in them.
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PRO 8 3 nkc9 figs-personification 0 she calls out This continues to refer to Wisdom, personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 4 gv2w 0 General Information: Wisdom speaks to the people in verses 4-36.
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@ -453,11 +453,11 @@ PRO 8 4 jxm5 figs-metonymy 0 my voice is for the sons of mankind Here “voice
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PRO 8 4 j5l1 figs-metonymy 0 the sons of mankind This is metonymy representing all human beings. Alternate translation: “all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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PRO 8 5 er9q 0 naive inexperienced or immature
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PRO 8 5 t3h2 figs-abstractnouns 0 learn wisdom The abstract word “wisdom’ refers to what a wise person believes and to the way in which he acts. Alternate translation: “learn how a wise person acts” or “learn what it means to be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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PRO 8 5 bg5r 0 you must get an understanding mind “you must begin to understand things with your mind”
|
||||
PRO 8 5 bg5r 0 you must get an understanding mind Alternate translation: “you must begin to understand things with your mind”
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||||
PRO 8 6 uv73 figs-synecdoche 0 when my lips open Here “lips” represents a person’s mouth, with which he speaks. Alternate translation: “when I open my mouth to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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PRO 8 6 a3zk 0 upright proper or just
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PRO 8 7 s9bj figs-synecdoche 0 my mouth speaks Here “mouth” represents a person who speaks. Alternate translation: “I speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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PRO 8 7 f6mp 0 what is trustworthy “what people should believe”
|
||||
PRO 8 7 f6mp 0 what is trustworthy Alternate translation: “what people should believe”
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||||
PRO 8 7 juy2 figs-synecdoche 0 wickedness is disgusting to my lips Here “lips” represents a person who is speaking. Alternate translation: “wickedness is disgusting to me” or “saying wicked things would be disgusting to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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PRO 8 7 hz9e figs-abstractnouns 0 wickedness Here the abstract noun “wickedness” represents wicked speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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PRO 8 8 am3k figs-synecdoche 0 the words of my mouth The “mouth” stands for the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: “The things I teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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||||
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@ -465,41 +465,41 @@ PRO 8 8 btx5 figs-metaphor 0 nothing twisted Twisting a message is a metaphor f
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PRO 8 9 nn5r 0 straight honest and clear
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PRO 8 9 jyh4 figs-metonymy 0 my words are upright for those who find knowledge This probably means that those who find knowledge will easily understand that the speaker’s words are upright. Here “words” represent a message or teaching. Alternate translation: “those who know what is right and what is wrong consider what I teach to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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PRO 8 9 f1c2 0 upright true and honest
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PRO 8 10 w8ks 0 Acquire my instruction rather than silver “You should try much harder to understand my instructions than to get silver”
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||||
PRO 8 10 w8ks 0 Acquire my instruction rather than silver Alternate translation: “You should try much harder to understand my instructions than to get silver”
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||||
PRO 8 11 wl6p figs-quotations 0 For Wisdom is better than jewels; no treasure is equal to her Here Wisdom, personified as a woman, is not speaking. However, it is possible to make Wisdom the speaker here as well. Alternate translation: “For I, Wisdom, am better than jewels; no treasure is equal to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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PRO 8 12 mj24 figs-personification 0 I, Wisdom, live with Prudence Prudence is also represented here as a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 12 b8xj 0 Prudence caution or good judgment
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PRO 8 12 jk94 figs-abstractnouns 0 I possess knowledge and discretion The abstract ideas “knowledge” and “discrete” can be expressed in other ways. Alternate translation: “I am knowledgeable and discreet” or “I know many things, and I am careful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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PRO 8 12 xcu8 0 discretion being careful about what we say and do; being cautious not to cause hurt or harm to others
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PRO 8 13 rf21 0 perverted speech “wicked talk”
|
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PRO 8 13 rf21 0 perverted speech Alternate translation: “wicked talk”
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PRO 8 13 gp8g 0 perverted turned from what is right
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PRO 8 14 cnc2 0 good advice “wise suggestions”
|
||||
PRO 8 14 cnc2 0 good advice Alternate translation: “wise suggestions”
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||||
PRO 8 14 guc9 0 advice counsel that is given to help someone
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PRO 8 14 sne9 0 sound good, reliable
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PRO 8 14 w3ju figs-personification 0 I am insight Here Wisdom is spoken of as if she were insight. Alternate translation: “I have insight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 16 hg7e 0 nobles noblemen, leading members of important families in the nation
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PRO 8 17 xz9h 0 love This refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is natural human love between friends or relatives.
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||||
PRO 8 17 e3jr 0 diligently with careful and continued effort
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PRO 8 18 k7hf 0 With me are riches and honor “I have riches and honor”
|
||||
PRO 8 18 k7hf 0 With me are riches and honor Alternate translation: “I have riches and honor”
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||||
PRO 8 18 a275 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 lasting wealth and righteousness This explains what is meant by “riches and honor.” This can be made clear with the connecting statement “therefore.” Alternate translation: “therefore, I will give lasting wealth and righteousness to those who find me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
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PRO 8 18 q481 0 righteousness “the ability to live in a right way”
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PRO 8 18 q481 0 righteousness Alternate translation: “the ability to live in a right way”
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PRO 8 19 eyc2 0 My fruit what wisdom produces or causes
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PRO 8 19 rqy3 0 my produce the benefit or gain that wisdom causes
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PRO 8 20 tks1 figs-metaphor 0 I walk in the path of righteousness Living the right way is spoken of as walking on the right road. Alternate translation: “I live right” or “I do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 8 20 rg74 figs-metaphor 0 in the midst of the paths of justice This tells more of what is meant by “the path of righteousness.” Alternate translation: “I do what is perfectly just” or “I only do what is just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 8 21 mg4q figs-metaphor 0 treasuries storehouses for valuable things. Wisdom is spoken of as a woman who fills the storehouses of her followers with valuable things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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PRO 8 22 xu3p 0 the first of his deeds then “I was the first of the things he created then”
|
||||
PRO 8 23 mh2d 0 In ages long ago “Very long ago”
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||||
PRO 8 22 xu3p 0 the first of his deeds then Alternate translation: “I was the first of the things he created then”
|
||||
PRO 8 23 mh2d 0 In ages long ago Alternate translation: “Very long ago”
|
||||
PRO 8 23 v4tq 0 ages The word “age” refers to a general, extended period of time.
|
||||
PRO 8 23 mth7 figs-abstractnouns 0 from the beginnings of the earth The idea of beginnings can be translated in a less abstract way. Alternate translation: “from when God created the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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PRO 8 24 ii7e figs-personification 0 General Information: Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 25 u2m1 figs-activepassive 0 Before the mountains were settled “Before the bases of the mountains were put into place.” This can also be put into active form. Alternate translation: “Before God made the foundations of the mountains and put them into their proper places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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PRO 8 26 z5y4 figs-personification 0 I was born This is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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PRO 8 26 asn5 0 was born “I was alive”
|
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PRO 8 26 asn5 0 was born Alternate translation: “I was alive”
|
||||
PRO 8 27 nk15 figs-personification 0 I was there This is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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||||
PRO 8 27 z8lx 0 established To establish something is to bring into being on a stable basis. Alternate translation: “created” or “made”
|
||||
PRO 8 27 b5db figs-explicit 0 when he drew a circle on the surface of the deep This refers to setting a limit to how far someone in a ship at sea can see all around himself. Alternate translation: “when he marked on the ocean’s surface how far a person at sea can see in every direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
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PRO 8 27 ae6e 0 the deep “the ocean”
|
||||
PRO 8 27 ae6e 0 the deep Alternate translation: “the ocean”
|
||||
PRO 8 28 q6zz figs-personification 0 General Information: Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 8 28 wnj8 0 established brought into permanent being
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PRO 8 28 z2v2 figs-activepassive 0 when the springs in the deep became fixed This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “when God fixed the springs in the deep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ PRO 8 30 ph2f figs-personification 0 I was beside him This is still wisdom spea
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PRO 8 30 ky7x 0 skilled craftsman This is a person who has trained for years to make useful things very well, like furniture or houses.
|
||||
PRO 8 30 k4ct figs-abstractnouns 0 I was his delight “I was what made him happy.” The word “delight” is an abstract noun that can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he was happy because of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 8 30 a22n figs-idiom 0 day after day This is a way to express the idea of a habitual action or of a continuous condition. Alternate translation: “continually” or “the whole time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 8 31 pw91 0 his whole world “the whole world he created” or “everything he created”
|
||||
PRO 8 31 pw91 0 his whole world Alternate translation: “the whole world he created” or “everything he created”
|
||||
PRO 8 31 wnq9 figs-idiom 0 the sons of mankind This refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: “the people he brought into existence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 8 32 ly1a 0 Now This is to focus the attention of the children to the conclusion of this lesson.
|
||||
PRO 8 32 hwt3 figs-personification 0 listen to me This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
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@ -527,28 +527,28 @@ PRO 9 1 m12a figs-personification 0 General Information: These verses begin a p
|
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PRO 9 1 s64d figs-personification 0 Wisdom has built The writer speaks about wisdom as if it were a woman who has built her own house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 9 2 x5sw figs-metonymy 0 She has slaughtered her animals This refers to animals whose meat will be eaten in the dinner that Wisdom will give. Alternate translation: “She has killed the animals for meat at dinner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 9 2 ywr6 figs-explicit 0 mixed her wine In ancient Israel, people often mixed wine with water. Alternate translation: “prepared her wine by mixing it with water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 9 2 h2zm 0 she has set her table “she has prepared her table”
|
||||
PRO 9 2 h2zm 0 she has set her table Alternate translation: “she has prepared her table”
|
||||
PRO 9 3 p6e2 figs-personification 0 General Information: These verses begin to give the message of Wisdom, who is personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 9 3 akl3 0 She has sent out her maids These maids went out and invited people to come to the feast that Wisdom had prepared.
|
||||
PRO 9 3 ugn5 0 her maids Young women or girls who are in the service of a respectable, adult woman, such as Wisdom.
|
||||
PRO 9 3 n6ha 0 she calls out “she proclaims” or “she summons” Alternate translation: “she loudly recites her invitation”
|
||||
PRO 9 3 n6ha 0 she calls out Alternate translation: “she loudly recites her invitation”
|
||||
PRO 9 3 x798 0 the highest points of the city The invitation is shouted from the highest points so that it will be best heard by all the people.
|
||||
PRO 9 4 h6sj 0 Who is naive? Let … the one lacking good sense These two phrases describe the same group of people, those who need more wisdom in their lives. Here the question is addressed to all such people. Alternate translation: “Anyone who is naive, let … anyone lacking good sense”
|
||||
PRO 9 4 dj7m 0 is naive “is inexperienced or immature”
|
||||
PRO 9 4 s4da 0 turn aside here “leave his path and come into my house”
|
||||
PRO 9 4 dj7m 0 is naive Alternate translation: “is inexperienced or immature”
|
||||
PRO 9 4 s4da 0 turn aside here Alternate translation: “leave his path and come into my house”
|
||||
PRO 9 5 h6ck 0 General Information: These verses continue the message of Wisdom.
|
||||
PRO 9 5 n3eu figs-you 0 Come … eat … drink All of these commands are plural; Wisdom is addressing many people at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
PRO 9 5 stm9 figs-explicit 0 the wine I have mixed In ancient Israel, people often mixed wine with water. Alternate translation: “prepared her wine by mixing it with water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 9 6 b9ma figs-you 0 Leave … live … walk All of these commands are plural; Wisdom is addressing many people at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
PRO 9 6 ejw3 figs-metaphor 0 Leave your naive actions Here naive actions are spoken of as if they were a place that a person could leave. Alternate translation: “Stop your naive behavior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 9 6 f53k 0 naive actions “inexperienced, immature actions”
|
||||
PRO 9 6 f53k 0 naive actions Alternate translation: “inexperienced, immature actions”
|
||||
PRO 9 6 lpn8 figs-metaphor 0 the path of understanding Here the process of understanding wisdom is spoken of as if it were a path that a person could follow. Alternate translation: “the manner of living that a wise person has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 9 7 x5sc 0 General Information: These verses continue the message of Wisdom.
|
||||
PRO 9 7 vif7 figs-parallelism 0 Whoever disciplines … whoever rebukes These two phrases basically say the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 9 7 kjm2 0 a mocker Someone who habitually mocks people. Alternate translation: “someone who says insulting things about other people” or “someone who likes to make other people look bad”
|
||||
PRO 9 7 m22a 0 receives abuse “receives harsh treatment”
|
||||
PRO 9 7 g88g 0 whoever rebukes “whoever corrects”
|
||||
PRO 9 8 fpc4 0 Do not reprove “Do not correct”
|
||||
PRO 9 7 m22a 0 receives abuse Alternate translation: “receives harsh treatment”
|
||||
PRO 9 7 g88g 0 whoever rebukes Alternate translation: “whoever corrects”
|
||||
PRO 9 8 fpc4 0 Do not reprove Alternate translation: “Do not correct”
|
||||
PRO 9 9 c8r2 0 Give to a wise person, and he … teach a righteous person, and he These two commands actually represent conditional statements. Alternate translation: “If you give to a wise person, he … if you teach a righteous person, he”
|
||||
PRO 9 9 y95j figs-parallelism 0 Give to a wise person … teach a righteous person These two phrases basically say the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 9 9 n1f2 figs-explicit 0 Give to a wise person This refers to giving instruction to a wise person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -563,14 +563,14 @@ PRO 9 12 zei6 figs-metaphor 0 you will carry it This speaks of the consequence
|
|||
PRO 9 13 q38d figs-personification 0 General Information: These verses begin to describe foolishness, which is also personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 9 13 ix9a figs-personification 0 The woman of foolishness It is possible to translate “foolishness” as a description such as “A foolish woman.” However, if a language allows wisdom to be personified, as in the previous part of this chapter, it may also allow foolishness to be personified. Alternate translation: “The woman Foolishness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 9 13 lbv9 figs-parallelism 0 she is untaught and knows nothing These two expressions basically mean the same thing, which is repeated to show how useless the foolish woman is. Alternate translation: “she does not know anything at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 9 13 tk38 0 she is untaught “she has not learned from experience” or “she is young and naive”
|
||||
PRO 9 13 tk38 0 she is untaught Alternate translation: “she has not learned from experience” or “she is young and naive”
|
||||
PRO 9 15 cqd1 figs-idiom 0 walking straight on their way This seems to be an idiom for “thinking only of their own affairs” or “minding their own business.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 9 16 ck1n 0 is naive “is inexperienced or immature”
|
||||
PRO 9 16 rs92 0 turn aside here “leave his path and come here”
|
||||
PRO 9 16 ck1n 0 is naive Alternate translation: “is inexperienced or immature”
|
||||
PRO 9 16 rs92 0 turn aside here Alternate translation: “leave his path and come here”
|
||||
PRO 9 16 zyq4 0 she says This is the foolish woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 9:13](./13.md).
|
||||
PRO 9 16 lfx9 0 those who have no sense “those who do not have wisdom” or “those who are not wise”
|
||||
PRO 9 16 lfx9 0 those who have no sense Alternate translation: “those who do not have wisdom” or “those who are not wise”
|
||||
PRO 9 17 jsi6 figs-metaphor 0 Stolen waters are sweet, and bread of secrecy is delicious The foolish woman speaks of the pleasure of stolen waters and bread of secrecy to tell men that if they sleep with her, they will have pleasure. This can be stated clearly in a simile: “You can enjoy me just as you enjoy water that you have stolen or bread that is secret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 9 18 kg4h 0 that the dead are there “that the men who have gone to her are now dead”
|
||||
PRO 9 18 kg4h 0 that the dead are there Alternate translation: “that the men who have gone to her are now dead”
|
||||
PRO 9 18 k1fh 0 in the depths of Sheol “Sheol” refers to the world of the dead.
|
||||
PRO 10 intro fhy5 0 # Proverbs 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 10 starts a new section of the book, which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, and wicked/righteous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 10 1 i2yb figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Many verses in Chapter 10 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ PRO 10 6 k7j2 figs-idiom 0 are upon the head The “head” represents the whol
|
|||
PRO 10 6 y4mb figs-metonymy 0 mouth of the wicked The “mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “words the wicked speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 10 6 k4dp 0 covers up hides the truth
|
||||
PRO 10 7 e1w8 figs-metonymy 0 name The word “name” represents a person’s reputation. Alternate translation: “memory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 10 8 e725 0 come to ruin “be destroyed” or “be made useless”
|
||||
PRO 10 8 e725 0 come to ruin Alternate translation: “be destroyed” or “be made useless”
|
||||
PRO 10 9 ps6l 0 crooked not straight; deformed; dishonest; deceitful
|
||||
PRO 10 10 mi1k translate-symaction 0 He who winks the eye “Winking the eye” represents a secretive sign for being cruel to someone else. Alternate translation: “He who makes a signal with a gesture” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
PRO 10 10 p957 figs-metaphor 0 will be thrown down A person who is ruined is spoken of as if he were thrown down. Alternate translation: “others will ruin him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ PRO 10 13 ww93 figs-metonymy 0 a rod is for the back “Rod” represents stron
|
|||
PRO 10 14 ej72 figs-metonymy 0 the mouth of a fool “Mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “the words from a foolish person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 10 15 fd3s figs-metaphor 0 his fortified city This represents wealth as a safe place. Alternate translation: “his safety” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 10 16 im19 figs-metaphor 0 The wage … the profit These terms normally refer to the money a worker earns. Here they represents the results of either doing what is right or doing what is wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 10 17 k6n3 0 There is a path to life for the one who follows discipline “The person who obeys wise instruction will have a long and happy life”
|
||||
PRO 10 17 k6n3 0 There is a path to life for the one who follows discipline Alternate translation: “The person who obeys wise instruction will have a long and happy life”
|
||||
PRO 10 17 st2j figs-activepassive 0 but the one who rejects correction is led astray This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but the one who does not obey wise instruction will not have a good life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 10 18 d6bj figs-metonymy 0 has lying lips “Lips” represent what a person says. Alternate translation: “tells lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 10 19 zc3a figs-litotes 0 transgression is not lacking This phrase uses a negative to emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “there is much sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -623,41 +623,41 @@ PRO 10 32 ay8q figs-metonymy 0 mouth of the wicked “Mouth” represents what
|
|||
PRO 11 intro uk6v 0 # Proverbs 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 11 1 hzq7 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Many verses in Chapter 11 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 11 1 g3jt figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh hates scales that are not accurate “Scales” represent measuring accurately in negotiating. Alternate translation: “God hates deceiving scales” or “God hates it when people are deceitful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 1 pe2q 0 but he delights in a precise weight “Precise weight” represents accuracy in negotiating. Alternate translation: “but he delights in honest ways” or “but he is happy when people are honest”
|
||||
PRO 11 1 pe2q 0 but he delights in a precise weight Here, **precise weight** represents accuracy in negotiating. Alternate translation: “but he delights in honest ways” or “but he is happy when people are honest”
|
||||
PRO 11 3 rj24 figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “treacherous people” or “those who are treacherous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 11 4 r538 figs-explicit 0 Wealth is worthless on the day of wrath The “day of wrath” represents a specific event, such as the “day of Yahweh” or “judgment day” or “last days.” Alternate translation: “A person’s wealth will do him no good when God comes to judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 11 5 lc4r 0 makes his way straight “has clear direction”
|
||||
PRO 11 5 lc4r 0 makes his way straight Alternate translation: “has clear direction”
|
||||
PRO 11 5 vhe9 figs-nominaladj 0 the wicked This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “those who are wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 11 6 v49j figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “those who are treacherous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 11 6 b5vy 0 the treacherous are trapped by their cravings “those who do evil are captured by their passions”
|
||||
PRO 11 6 b5vy 0 the treacherous are trapped by their cravings Alternate translation: “those who do evil are captured by their passions”
|
||||
PRO 11 6 rhq7 0 treacherous ready to betray trust; traitorous; deceptive
|
||||
PRO 11 7 dz8x 0 the hope that was in his strength “the confidence he has in his own power”
|
||||
PRO 11 7 zn33 0 comes to nothing “disappears”
|
||||
PRO 11 7 dz8x 0 the hope that was in his strength Alternate translation: “the confidence he has in his own power”
|
||||
PRO 11 7 zn33 0 comes to nothing Alternate translation: “disappears”
|
||||
PRO 11 8 z4am figs-activepassive 0 The righteous person is kept away from trouble This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God keeps away from trouble the person who does what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 11 8 u873 0 it comes “trouble comes”
|
||||
PRO 11 8 u873 0 it comes Alternate translation: “trouble comes”
|
||||
PRO 11 9 r7vl figs-metonymy 0 With his mouth the godless “Mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “The words of the godless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 11 11 sim1 figs-metonymy 0 the city becomes great “City” represents the community or people group. Alternate translation: “the people group prospers” or “the community becomes prosperous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 11 11 p4sd figs-metonymy 0 by the mouth of the wicked “Mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “the words of evil people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 11 13 en2e figs-metaphor 0 keeps a matter covered “Covered” represents keeping things concealed as much as possible. Alternate translation: “does not tell” or “does not speak about the matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 14 a9wq 0 advisors those who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors
|
||||
PRO 11 15 j2ce 0 one who hates giving “one who refuses to give”
|
||||
PRO 11 15 j2ce 0 one who hates giving Alternate translation: “one who refuses to give”
|
||||
PRO 11 16 bvh9 0 ruthless people people without pity or compassion; cruel people
|
||||
PRO 11 16 h7rd 0 grasp for wealth “are greedy for wealth”
|
||||
PRO 11 17 dxp9 0 one who “a person who”
|
||||
PRO 11 16 h7rd 0 grasp for wealth Alternate translation: “are greedy for wealth”
|
||||
PRO 11 17 dxp9 0 one who Alternate translation: “a person who”
|
||||
PRO 11 18 imr8 figs-metaphor 0 sows what is right To “sow” represents spreading out to gain more. Alternate translation: “spreads out what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 18 ln8a figs-metaphor 0 reaps the wages of truth To “reap” represents acquiring or gathering in” Alternate translation: “will surely be rewarded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 19 ibb6 0 the one who “the person who”
|
||||
PRO 11 19 un2d 0 pursues evil “chases after evil” or “seeks to do evil”
|
||||
PRO 11 19 ibb6 0 the one who Alternate translation: “the person who”
|
||||
PRO 11 19 un2d 0 pursues evil Alternate translation: “chases after evil” or “seeks to do evil”
|
||||
PRO 11 20 r5lt figs-metonymy 0 whose hearts are perverse “Heart” represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate translation: “who have wicked thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 11 21 gh2a figs-litotes 0 will not go unpunished This phrase uses a negative to emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “will certainly be punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 11 22 y2me figs-simile 0 Like a gold ring … without discretion A beautiful woman without discretion is compared to a useless and unsuitable golden ring in a pig’s nose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 11 22 fe2p 0 without discretion “without common sense” or “who is foolish”
|
||||
PRO 11 22 fe2p 0 without discretion Alternate translation: “without common sense” or “who is foolish”
|
||||
PRO 11 24 x29n figs-metaphor 0 There is one who scatters—he will accumulate even more This is a metaphor for a person who becomes more wealthy by being generous. Alternate translation: “Some people give freely to others and yet become more wealthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 24 v6x4 figs-explicit 0 one who scatters You may need to make explicit that the person scatters seeds for crops to grow. Alternate translation: “one who scatters much seed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 24 gmp8 0 will accumulate even more “will gain even more”
|
||||
PRO 11 24 gmp8 0 will accumulate even more Alternate translation: “will gain even more”
|
||||
PRO 11 24 p1q7 0 withholds what he should give This refers to a person who thinks that he can become rich by refusing to be generous.
|
||||
PRO 11 25 q9vb 0 will prosper “will gain more”
|
||||
PRO 11 25 lf1i 0 the one who “the generous person who” or “anyone who”
|
||||
PRO 11 25 q9vb 0 will prosper Alternate translation: “will gain more”
|
||||
PRO 11 25 lf1i 0 the one who Alternate translation: “the generous person who” or “anyone who”
|
||||
PRO 11 26 eb69 0 the man who refuses to sell This describes the person who hoards his wealth instead of helping those in need.
|
||||
PRO 11 26 h1qp figs-metaphor 0 good gifts crown the head of him who sells it “Crown” represents the reward or award for the person who is willing to sell grain. Alternate translation: “good gifts are given as a crown of honor to him who sells it” or “the person who sells it is honored with many blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 11 27 k6ug 0 The one who diligently seeks the one who seeks with careful and continued effort
|
||||
|
|
@ -667,47 +667,47 @@ PRO 11 28 mf6v 0 righteous people will flourish This means that righteous peop
|
|||
PRO 11 29 p1pb figs-metaphor 0 inherit the wind The “wind” is a metaphor for something that cannot be grasped or has no value. Alternate translation: “inherit nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 11 30 q7ul figs-simile 0 The righteous person will be like a tree of life A person who does what is right is compared to a tree that produces life as its fruit. Alternate translation: “Those who do right will bring life to themselves and others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 11 30 hlz7 0 tree of life See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md).
|
||||
PRO 11 31 s8p9 0 how much more “even more so”
|
||||
PRO 11 31 s8p9 0 how much more Alternate translation: “even more so”
|
||||
PRO 12 intro x2lg 0 # Proverbs 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 12 continues the section of the book (Chapter 10-22) which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility and integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 12 1 ktr2 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: The author uses [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] throughout this chapter. Verses 1-15 contrast wisdom and foolishness.
|
||||
PRO 12 1 r7h6 0 Whoever “Any person who”
|
||||
PRO 12 1 tz7m 0 the one who hates correction “the person who does not want to be told what to do”
|
||||
PRO 12 1 nj5f 0 is stupid “is foolish” or “is unwise”
|
||||
PRO 12 1 r7h6 0 Whoever Alternate translation: “Any person who”
|
||||
PRO 12 1 tz7m 0 the one who hates correction Alternate translation: “the person who does not want to be told what to do”
|
||||
PRO 12 1 nj5f 0 is stupid Alternate translation: “is foolish” or “is unwise”
|
||||
PRO 12 3 nly2 figs-activepassive 0 A person cannot be established by wickedness This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one can become safe and secure by doing what is wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 3 md5p figs-metaphor 0 cannot be uprooted “Uprooted” represents being pulled out of the ground like a plant or a tree. This cannot happen to those who do right. Alternate translation: “are as stable as a tree with deep roots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 4 wh4l figs-metaphor 0 A worthy wife is her husband’s crown A crown represents the greatest honor a person can receive. Alternate translation: “A good wife is a sign of great honor for her husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 12 4 ced6 figs-simile 0 she who brings shame is like a disease that rots his bones A disease that rots the bones represents the spoiling of a person’s life. Alternate translation: “a wife’s shameful acts destroy her husband’s influence and happiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 12 6 sw3s figs-metaphor 0 The words of wicked people are an ambush waiting for a chance to kill The deceitful things that wicked people say in order to harm other people are spoken of as if their words are waiting to kill someone by surprise. Alternate translation: “The deceitful things wicked people say are like a person who waits to kill someone by surprise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 12 6 n6s7 0 the words of the upright keep them safe “the advice from an upright person keeps people safe”
|
||||
PRO 12 6 au1h 0 the upright “the righteous person” or “the honest person” or “the just person”
|
||||
PRO 12 6 n6s7 0 the words of the upright keep them safe Alternate translation: “the advice from an upright person keeps people safe”
|
||||
PRO 12 6 au1h 0 the upright Alternate translation: “the righteous person” or “the honest person” or “the just person”
|
||||
PRO 12 7 qw8f figs-activepassive 0 Wicked people are overthrown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will overthrow the wicked people” or “People will remove the wicked people from power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 7 t5c3 figs-metonymy 0 house The term “house” is often used figuratively in the Bible to refer to a person’s ancestors, descendants or other relatives. Alternate translation: “family” or “descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 8 hfu6 figs-activepassive 0 A person is praised by how much wisdom he has This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will praise those who have wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 8 hq69 figs-activepassive 0 the one who makes perverse choices is despised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will hate the one who always thinks evil thoughts” or “people will hate the one who takes good things and twists them into bad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 10 uxx4 0 is cruel “causes suffering”
|
||||
PRO 12 11 wl9h 0 worthless projects “worthless plans” or “worthless tasks”
|
||||
PRO 12 10 uxx4 0 is cruel Alternate translation: “causes suffering”
|
||||
PRO 12 11 wl9h 0 worthless projects Alternate translation: “worthless plans” or “worthless tasks”
|
||||
PRO 12 12 b6y1 0 the fruit This refers to a person’s actions and thoughts. Just as fruit on a tree shows what kind of tree it is, in the same way a person’s words and actions reveal what his character is like.
|
||||
PRO 12 13 ak1y figs-metonymy 0 An evil person is trapped by his wicked talk “Trapped” represents being caught in a snare or being tricked. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The wicked things an evil person says will trap him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 12 14 z5v9 figs-metonymy 0 just as the work of his hands rewards him The phrase, “the work of his hands” represents work done by physical labor. Alternate translation: “just as the good work he does rewards him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 15 lr2l figs-idiom 0 in his own eyes This phrase represents the idea he has from his own observation, imagination or memory. Alternate translation: “in his own opinion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 12 15 wlp9 0 advice wise suggestions
|
||||
PRO 12 16 n8pr 0 is prudent “is wise” or “has good sense.”
|
||||
PRO 12 16 n8pr 0 is prudent Alternate translation: “is wise” or “has good sense.”
|
||||
PRO 12 18 k26n figs-simile 0 The words of one who speaks rashly are like the thrusts of a sword The phrase, “thrusts of a sword” represents cruel words that hurt another. Alternate translation: “What a person says without thinking can hurt as much as if he stabbed with a sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 12 18 avt2 figs-metonymy 0 the tongue of the wise “Tongue” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “what wise people say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 18 mpg6 0 brings healing “comforts and heals”
|
||||
PRO 12 18 mpg6 0 brings healing Alternate translation: “comforts and heals”
|
||||
PRO 12 19 wm6n figs-metonymy 0 Truthful lips last forever “Lips” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “A truthful person endures forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 19 r5ql figs-metonymy 0 a lying tongue is only for a moment “Tongue” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “the one who lies lasts only for a moment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 20 xs9w 0 advisors those who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors
|
||||
PRO 12 21 d4zt figs-litotes 0 No ill comes The negative, “No” cancels out the idea of “ill” (bad things that happen). Alternate translation: “Good things come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 12 22 x3ha figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh hates lying lips “Lips” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “Yahweh detests those who tell lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 23 qi9m 0 conceals his knowledge “does not tell everything he knows”
|
||||
PRO 12 23 qi9m 0 conceals his knowledge Alternate translation: “does not tell everything he knows”
|
||||
PRO 12 24 j53h figs-metonymy 0 The hand of the diligent “Hand” represents what a person does -- his works. Alternate translation: “Diligent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 24 ymw6 figs-metonymy 0 will be put to forced labor “Forced labor” describes what a person must do who is not free to do what he wants. Alternate translation: “will become a slave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 12 25 qts2 0 Anxiety uneasy feeling of fear or dread, worry
|
||||
PRO 12 25 n82f figs-metaphor 0 weighs him down “Weighing down” represents the idea of putting a very heavy load on a person so he cannot move freely. This phrase means to make a person sad or depressed. Alternate translation: “causes him to become sad or depressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 12 25 z6n9 figs-abstractnouns 0 but a good word makes him glad The abstract noun “word” can be stated as the verb “speak.” Alternate translation: “but when others speak kindly to him, he is cheerful again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 12 27 gdt7 0 would not roast their own game “Game” means animals caught and killed while hunting. And “roast” is a way of cooking food.
|
||||
PRO 12 27 vz9v 0 precious wealth “valuable treasure”
|
||||
PRO 12 27 vz9v 0 precious wealth Alternate translation: “valuable treasure”
|
||||
PRO 13 intro nh7k 0 # Proverbs 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 13 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 13 1 ugs5 figs-metonymy 0 A wise son hears Here “hears” represents listening in order to do it. Alternate translation: “A wise son obeys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 13 1 sy9c figs-metonymy 0 will not listen to rebuke Here “listen” represents paying attention in order to do it. Alternate translation: “will not learn from rebuke” or “will not obey, despite rebuke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -717,21 +717,21 @@ PRO 13 2 mgn1 figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous This nominal adjective can be t
|
|||
PRO 13 3 xb3d figs-metonymy 0 his mouth Here “mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 13 3 bd6a figs-metaphor 0 opens wide his lips Opening the lips represents speaking, and opening them wide represents speaking too often or too much. Alternate translation: “speaks a lot” or “talks too much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 13 4 c7yc 0 The appetite … the appetite See how you translated this in [Proverbs 13:2](../13/02.md).
|
||||
PRO 13 4 z2sk 0 craves but gets nothing “strongly desires but gets nothing”
|
||||
PRO 13 4 z2sk 0 craves but gets nothing Alternate translation: “strongly desires but gets nothing”
|
||||
PRO 13 4 rj8j figs-activepassive 0 the appetite of diligent people will be richly satisfied Here “appetite” represents desire. Alternate translation: “diligent people will have a richly satisfied life” or “being diligent will make people richly satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 13 4 z1wm 0 diligent people people who work with careful and continued effort
|
||||
PRO 13 5 i9t2 0 repugnant causing a strong feeling of disgust
|
||||
PRO 13 6 gt48 figs-personification 0 Righteousness protects those “Righteousness” represents a way of life approved by Yahweh. This quality acts like a person who protects. Alternate translation: “A way of life approved by Yahweh protects” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 13 6 iac2 figs-metonymy 0 who are faultless in their path Here “path” represents how a person directs his life. Alternate translation: “who are faultless in their way of living” or “who live lives of integrity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 13 6 r21h figs-personification 0 wickedness turns away those who commit sin Here “wickedness” represents an evil conduct of life. This quality acts like a person who turns away those who commit sin. Alternate translation: “wickedness turns sinners away from a successful path” or “wickedness ruins sinners’ lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 13 7 z16h 0 who enriches himself “who makes himself rich”
|
||||
PRO 13 7 z16h 0 who enriches himself Alternate translation: “who makes himself rich”
|
||||
PRO 13 8 mre8 0 does not hear a threat This could mean: (1) no one will threaten to steal from him because he has nothing anyone would want to steal or (2) he will not listen when people correct him because he has nothing to lose if they punish him. Alternate translation: “does not listen to rebuke”
|
||||
PRO 13 9 ev8k figs-metaphor 0 The light of righteous people rejoices Here the light represents the righteous person’s life or good behavior, and rejoicing represents causing people to rejoice. Alternate translation: “The life of a righteous person is like a light that causes people to rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 13 9 ibt9 figs-metaphor 0 the lamp of wicked people will be put out Here the lamp represents the life or behavior of wicked people, and “be put out” is an idiom that means that a fire is stopped. The lamp being put out represents either the person dying or the person’s life not giving any joy. Alternate translation: “the lives of wicked people are like a lamp whose fire will be stopped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 13 10 c8hy 0 Pride only breeds conflict “Pride always causes conflict”
|
||||
PRO 13 10 n32q 0 listen to “heed” or “follow”
|
||||
PRO 13 10 c8hy 0 Pride only breeds conflict Alternate translation: “Pride always causes conflict”
|
||||
PRO 13 10 n32q 0 listen to Alternate translation: “heed” or “follow”
|
||||
PRO 13 10 ujq3 0 good advice suggestions that are helpful and profitable
|
||||
PRO 13 11 u1q4 0 Wealth dwindles away “Wealth decreases” or “Wealth slowly disappears”
|
||||
PRO 13 11 u1q4 0 Wealth dwindles away Alternate translation: “Wealth decreases” or “Wealth slowly disappears”
|
||||
PRO 13 11 i2l4 figs-metonymy 0 working with his hand The phrase “working with his hand” refers to physical work instead of only mental or other types of work. Many people give physical work a low value. Alternate translation: “working with physical strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 13 11 j3nn figs-metaphor 0 make his money grow Money is compared to a tree that grows. Alternate translation: “make his money increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 13 12 v8h6 figs-metonymy 0 When hope is postponed Here “hope” represents the thing a person hopes for. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When a person hopes for something but does not receive it for a very long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -744,114 +744,114 @@ PRO 13 14 h871 figs-metaphor 0 snares of death Here “snares” represent dang
|
|||
PRO 13 15 r4vi figs-metaphor 0 but the way of the treacherous is never-ending Here a person’s behavior or conduct is spoken of as if it were a way or path that a person walks. A person being ruined by their own treachery is spoken of as if they are on a way or path that never ends. Alternate translation: “but the behavior of the treacherous will cause their own destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 13 15 up13 figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “the treacherous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 13 16 g6vs figs-metaphor 0 a fool parades his folly To “parade” means to display in front of everyone. Alternate translation: “a fool displays his foolishness to everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 13 17 h4gr 0 falls into trouble “is unreliable” or “does something evil”
|
||||
PRO 13 17 pfh6 0 a faithful envoy “a faithful messenger” or “a faithful diplomat”
|
||||
PRO 13 17 h4gr 0 falls into trouble Alternate translation: “is unreliable” or “does something evil”
|
||||
PRO 13 17 pfh6 0 a faithful envoy Alternate translation: “a faithful messenger” or “a faithful diplomat”
|
||||
PRO 13 18 m4d7 figs-abstractnouns 0 learns from correction The abstract noun “correction” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “learns when someone corrects him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 13 19 h11i 0 is sweet “is a delight” or “brings joy”
|
||||
PRO 13 19 h11i 0 is sweet Alternate translation: “is a delight” or “brings joy”
|
||||
PRO 13 19 fv8k 0 the appetite the desire or liking for something
|
||||
PRO 13 20 k77z 0 will suffer harm “will experience harm” or “will be ruined”
|
||||
PRO 13 20 k77z 0 will suffer harm Alternate translation: “will experience harm” or “will be ruined”
|
||||
PRO 13 21 ddh8 figs-personification 0 Disaster runs after sinners “Disaster” is given human characteristics like the ability to run. Alternate translation: “Sinners have trouble wherever they go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 13 21 ecr7 figs-activepassive 0 righteous people are rewarded with good This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God rewards righteous people with good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 13 22 amv1 0 his grandchildren “the sons of his sons” or “the children of his children” or “his descendants”
|
||||
PRO 13 22 amv1 0 his grandchildren Alternate translation: “the sons of his sons” or “the children of his children” or “his descendants”
|
||||
PRO 13 22 fi9c figs-activepassive 0 a sinner’s wealth is stored up for the righteous person This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one who does right will receive the wealth that a sinner has stored up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 13 23 z3px 0 An unplowed field “A field that is not prepared for food production” or “An empty field not ready for planting”
|
||||
PRO 13 23 z3px 0 An unplowed field Alternate translation: “A field that is not prepared for food production” or “An empty field not ready for planting”
|
||||
PRO 13 23 h46l figs-metaphor 0 but it is swept away by injustice “Swept away” represents completely removing something. This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “but injustice takes away that food” or “but unjust people take the food away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 13 24 jp8a 0 is careful to instruct him “makes sure to instruct him”
|
||||
PRO 13 25 a593 0 he satisfies his appetite “he has satisfied himself” or “he fulfills his desires”
|
||||
PRO 13 24 jp8a 0 is careful to instruct him Alternate translation: “makes sure to instruct him”
|
||||
PRO 13 25 a593 0 he satisfies his appetite Alternate translation: “he has satisfied himself” or “he fulfills his desires”
|
||||
PRO 13 25 azl9 figs-metonymy 0 the stomach of the wicked is always hungry Here “stomach” represents the desires of a person. Alternate translation: “the wicked person is always hungry for more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 intro gbj2 0 # Proverbs 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 14 1 r3rp 0 builds her house “builds up her house” or “makes her house better”
|
||||
PRO 14 1 r3rp 0 builds her house Alternate translation: “builds up her house” or “makes her house better”
|
||||
PRO 14 1 tv3l 0 house This could mean: (1) this may refer to her actual house, that is the building she lives in or (2) this may refer to her family.
|
||||
PRO 14 1 l2y8 figs-synecdoche 0 with her own hands The woman is represented by her “hands.” Alternate translation: “by herself” or “by the way she behaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 14 2 qgn4 0 The one who … the one who “The person who … the person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 2 qgn4 0 The one who … the one who Alternate translation: “The person who … the person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 2 qnc4 figs-metaphor 0 walks uprightly “Walks” represents the conduct of life. Alternate translation: “conducts his life in a just and honest way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 2 we9s 0 despises him “grossly disrespects him” or “shows that he hates him”
|
||||
PRO 14 2 we9s 0 despises him Alternate translation: “grossly disrespects him” or “shows that he hates him”
|
||||
PRO 14 2 c17i 0 in his ways despises him The word “his” refers to the dishonest man and “him” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
PRO 14 3 a16n figs-metonymy 0 the mouth of … the lips of The mouth and the lips both refer to what a person says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 3 ixb4 figs-metonymy 0 a rod for his back The rod with which people will punish the fool by hitting him on his back for his foolish words is a metonym for the words that come out of his mouth. Alternate translation: “words that will cause people to punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 3 c2ir 0 the wise This word is plural. “wise men” or “wise people”
|
||||
PRO 14 3 gru7 0 will preserve them “will keep them from harm” or “will keep them safe”
|
||||
PRO 14 3 gru7 0 will preserve them Alternate translation: “will keep them from harm” or “will keep them safe”
|
||||
PRO 14 4 w12s 0 the feeding trough A “trough” is a container in which you put the food for animals.
|
||||
PRO 14 4 e3k8 0 an abundant crop “a good harvest”
|
||||
PRO 14 4 e3k8 0 an abundant crop Alternate translation: “a good harvest”
|
||||
PRO 14 4 diy9 figs-metonymy 0 by the strength of an ox “Strength” represents the strong work an ox can do. Alternate translation: “because of the work an ox does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 5 j6d2 figs-idiom 0 breathes out lies This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying constantly. Alternate translation: “constantly lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md).
|
||||
PRO 14 6 wm35 0 and there is none “and wisdom is not there” or “but he will not find wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 14 6 ek6h 0 comes easy to “is easily found by” or “acquires without difficulty”
|
||||
PRO 14 6 xv2j 0 the one who is discerning “the one who is wise” or “a person who has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 14 6 wm35 0 and there is none Alternate translation: “and wisdom is not there” or “but he will not find wisdom”
|
||||
PRO 14 6 ek6h 0 comes easy to Alternate translation: “is easily found by” or “acquires without difficulty”
|
||||
PRO 14 6 xv2j 0 the one who is discerning Alternate translation: “the one who is wise” or “a person who has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 14 7 ud4w figs-metonymy 0 on his lips The word “lips” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “from his speech” or “with his comments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 8 e2qn 0 the prudent a person who has good judgment or sense
|
||||
PRO 14 8 vp9q figs-metonymy 0 his own way The word “way” represents the conduct of life of a person. Alternate translation: “his conduct” or “how he lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 8 vug2 0 the folly of fools is deception The foolishness of fools is that they think they are wise, when they are not.
|
||||
PRO 14 9 m1s1 0 when the guilt offering is sacrificed “at guilt” or “at the guilt offering” The meaning behind this phrase is that fools do not apologize to God or men for the things they do wrong.
|
||||
PRO 14 9 t24p figs-activepassive 0 but among the upright favor is shared This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but the upright enjoy favor together” or “but God’s favor is experienced together among the upright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 14 10 xxe9 0 its own bitterness “its own sorrow” or “its own sadness”
|
||||
PRO 14 10 y94d 0 no stranger “those who do not know him”
|
||||
PRO 14 10 xxe9 0 its own bitterness Alternate translation: “its own sorrow” or “its own sadness”
|
||||
PRO 14 10 y94d 0 no stranger Alternate translation: “those who do not know him”
|
||||
PRO 14 11 c5yp figs-metonymy 0 the tent The word “tent” represents everything that happens within it. Alternate translation: “the household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 11 d165 figs-metaphor 0 flourish The word “flourish” means vigorous blooming of flowers and so represents anything that grows strongly. Alternate translation: “to do well and last long” or “to be healthy” or “to be very successful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 12 y8gw figs-metaphor 0 There is a way that seems right to a man The word “way” represents the conduct of life a person follows. Alternate translation: “People think that the way they are living is the right way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 13 n7lp figs-metaphor 0 A heart can laugh The word “heart” represents a person’s feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate translation: “A person’s feelings can show laughter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 13 j3ih 0 be in pain “experience pain” or “hurt”
|
||||
PRO 14 14 a8j9 0 The one who “The person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 13 j3ih 0 be in pain Alternate translation: “experience pain” or “hurt”
|
||||
PRO 14 14 a8j9 0 The one who Alternate translation: “The person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 14 c5in figs-metaphor 0 what his ways deserve The word “ways” represents a person’s conduct of life. Alternate translation: “what he deserves, based on how he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 14 qe8k 0 what is his “what belongs to him” or “what he has a right to”
|
||||
PRO 14 14 qe8k 0 what is his Alternate translation: “what belongs to him” or “what he has a right to”
|
||||
PRO 14 15 i558 0 naive inexperienced or immature
|
||||
PRO 14 15 h73m figs-metaphor 0 his steps Here the idea of footsteps represents a person’s behavior. Alternate translation: “his actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 16 z79v figs-metaphor 0 turns away from evil Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “avoids doing evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 16 dy6s 0 confidently dismisses “boldly ignores”
|
||||
PRO 14 17 yez8 0 is quick to become angry “becomes angry quickly”
|
||||
PRO 14 16 dy6s 0 confidently dismisses Alternate translation: “boldly ignores”
|
||||
PRO 14 17 yez8 0 is quick to become angry Alternate translation: “becomes angry quickly”
|
||||
PRO 14 18 j5kv 0 naive inexperienced or immature
|
||||
PRO 14 18 c2ql figs-metonymy 0 inherit foolishness Here “inherit” represents having permanent possession of something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 18 aj35 0 foolishness The word “foolishness” is an abstract noun that represents foolish thinking and foolish actions.
|
||||
PRO 14 18 rq9a 0 prudent people “wise people”
|
||||
PRO 14 18 rq9a 0 prudent people Alternate translation: “wise people”
|
||||
PRO 14 18 spn1 figs-metaphor 0 are crowned with knowledge Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were a beautiful ornament worn on one’s head, such as a turban with jewels. Alternate translation: “wear knowledge as a turban” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 19 b4i8 translate-symaction 0 bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and submission toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
PRO 14 19 e892 figs-metonymy 0 at the gates of the righteous The word “gates” represents an entrance to meet with another. This means the wicked will have to wait for the righteous person and beg to enter his presence. Alternate translation: “to meet with the righteous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 14 20 h5ns figs-activepassive 0 The poor person is hated even by his own companions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone hates the poor person even his own neighbors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 14 21 fy3m 0 The one … the one “The person … the person”
|
||||
PRO 14 21 d4gp 0 the poor “poor people”
|
||||
PRO 14 21 fy3m 0 The one … the one Alternate translation: “The person … the person”
|
||||
PRO 14 21 d4gp 0 the poor Alternate translation: “poor people”
|
||||
PRO 14 22 m1cw figs-rquestion 0 Do not those who plot evil go astray? The assumed answer to this question is “yes.” Alternate translation: “Those who plot evil will go astray.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 14 22 ie8f 0 who plot evil “who make evil plans” or “who make plans to do evil things”
|
||||
PRO 14 22 ie8f 0 who plot evil Alternate translation: “who make evil plans” or “who make plans to do evil things”
|
||||
PRO 14 22 mmn3 figs-abstractnouns 0 those who plan to do good will receive covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “God will show himself to be trustworthy and faithful to his covenant to those who plan to do what is good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 14 23 k11f 0 but when there is only talk “but if you only talk” or “but when all a person does is talking”
|
||||
PRO 14 23 k11f 0 but when there is only talk Alternate translation: “but if you only talk” or “but when all a person does is talking”
|
||||
PRO 14 24 dc97 figs-metaphor 0 The crown of wise people The word “crown” represents the highest achievement possible and visible to all. Alternate translation: “The reward of wise people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 24 u3bw 0 the folly of fools See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 14:8](../14/08.md).
|
||||
PRO 14 25 wkc7 figs-idiom 0 breathes out lies This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying constantly. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: “constantly lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 14 27 c8u2 figs-metaphor 0 fountain of life A “fountain” is a bountiful source of water and represents here the source of life. Alternate translation: “source of life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 27 r5t6 figs-metaphor 0 from the snares of death A “snare” is a sort of trap used to hunt animals and represents something tricky and dangerous that will kill. Alternate translation: “from the trap that will kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 28 vxf7 0 the great number of his people “how many people he rules”
|
||||
PRO 14 28 yp94 0 the prince is ruined “the prince has nothing and his kingdom will fall”
|
||||
PRO 14 28 vxf7 0 the great number of his people Alternate translation: “how many people he rules”
|
||||
PRO 14 28 yp94 0 the prince is ruined Alternate translation: “the prince has nothing and his kingdom will fall”
|
||||
PRO 14 29 n61r 0 the quick-tempered a person who is quick to become angry
|
||||
PRO 14 30 lqn3 0 A tranquil heart “A peaceful mindset” or “An attitude that is at peace”
|
||||
PRO 14 30 lqn3 0 A tranquil heart Alternate translation: “A peaceful mindset” or “An attitude that is at peace”
|
||||
PRO 14 30 l819 figs-metaphor 0 rots the bones The word “rots” represents the decay of a person and “bones” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “causes a person to be unhealthy in body and spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 31 k67r 0 The one who … the one who “The person who … the person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 31 k67r 0 The one who … the one who Alternate translation: “The person who … the person who”
|
||||
PRO 14 31 b6nz 0 curses This means to express a desire that bad things will happen to someone.
|
||||
PRO 14 31 xhv2 0 the poor … the needy “a poor person … a needy person”
|
||||
PRO 14 31 k2td 0 shows favor to “is kind to” or “helps”
|
||||
PRO 14 31 xhv2 0 the poor … the needy Alternate translation: “a poor person … a needy person”
|
||||
PRO 14 31 k2td 0 shows favor to Alternate translation: “is kind to” or “helps”
|
||||
PRO 14 32 t8gr figs-activepassive 0 is brought down by his evil actions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “evil actions push over” or “evil actions destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 14 33 axk6 figs-metaphor 0 Wisdom rests in the heart The word “heart” represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate translation: “Wisdom is in the attitude” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 14 33 t41l 0 the discerning “a discerning person”
|
||||
PRO 14 33 t41l 0 the discerning Alternate translation: “a discerning person”
|
||||
PRO 14 33 r61l figs-activepassive 0 she lets herself be known This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she makes sure people know her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 14 33 xi3x figs-personification 0 she The word “she” refers to wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 14 34 dl6h 0 is a disgrace “brings shame upon to any people” or “should cause any people to be ashamed”
|
||||
PRO 14 35 qjf7 0 who acts prudently “who acts wisely” or “who makes sure bad things do not happen”
|
||||
PRO 14 35 vi56 0 the one who “the servant who”
|
||||
PRO 14 34 dl6h 0 is a disgrace Alternate translation: “brings shame upon to any people” or “should cause any people to be ashamed”
|
||||
PRO 14 35 qjf7 0 who acts prudently Alternate translation: “who acts wisely” or “who makes sure bad things do not happen”
|
||||
PRO 14 35 vi56 0 the one who Alternate translation: “the servant who”
|
||||
PRO 15 intro l872 0 # Proverbs 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 15 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 15 1 x2lh figs-metaphor 0 A gentle answer turns away wrath Causing a person to stop being angry is spoken of as if it were turning that person’s wrath away. Alternate translation: “Answering a person gently will calm that person’s wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 1 hu6m figs-metaphor 0 but a harsh word stirs up anger Causing a person to become more angry is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening anger. Alternate translation: “but speaking harshly causes that person to become more angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 2 w6ic figs-synecdoche 0 The tongue of wise people compliments knowledge Here the word “tongue” refers to the person who speaks. Alternate translation: “Wise people compliment knowledge when they speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 2 sjz8 0 compliments knowledge “makes knowledge attractive” or “uses knowledge correctly”
|
||||
PRO 15 2 sjz8 0 compliments knowledge Alternate translation: “makes knowledge attractive” or “uses knowledge correctly”
|
||||
PRO 15 2 ncr7 figs-metaphor 0 the mouth of fools pours out folly The writer speaks of fools’ mouths as if they were containers and of folly as if it were the liquid that filled them. When fools speak, their mouths pour out the liquid. The word “mouth” represents those who speak. Alternate translation: “fools are always speaking folly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 3 w8rc figs-synecdoche 0 The eyes of Yahweh are everywhere Here the word “eyes” represents Yahweh and emphasizes his ability to see everything. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sees everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 3 bw6f figs-nominaladj 0 the evil and the good The words “evil” and “good” refer to people. Alternate translation: “evil people and good people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 15 4 wt85 figs-metonymy 0 A healing tongue is a tree of life The word “tongue” refers to speech. The writer speaks of the words of a person who says things that help and encourage others as if they were a tree that provides life-giving nourishment. Alternate translation: “Kind words are like a tree that gives life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 4 eg2w figs-metonymy 0 a deceitful tongue crushes the spirit The phrase “a deceitful tongue” refers to speech that is deceitful or hurtful. The writer speaks of a person being hurt or in despair as if that person’s spirit were an object that words have crushed. Alternate translation: “deceitful speech causes a person to despair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 5 kix4 figs-abstractnouns 0 he who learns from correction The word “correction” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he who learns when someone corrects him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 15 5 x86t 0 is prudent “is wise”
|
||||
PRO 15 5 x86t 0 is prudent Alternate translation: “is wise”
|
||||
PRO 15 6 h7yy figs-abstractnouns 0 the earnings of the wicked person give The word “earnings” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the wealth that a wicked person earns gives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 15 7 tk6t figs-metaphor 0 The lips of wise people scatter knowledge about The word “lips” represents what wise people say. The writer speaks of knowledge as if it were seeds that wise people scatter around when they speak. Alternate translation: “The speech of wise people spreads knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 15 7 wet2 figs-synecdoche 0 not so the hearts of fools This could mean: (1) the word “hearts” is synecdoche for the fools themselves and means that they do not scatter knowledge like wise people do. Alternate translation: “fools do not scatter knowledge about” or (2) fools do not have knowledge in their hearts, with “hearts” being a metonym for the thoughts. Alternate translation: “fools do not understand knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 15 8 a5ry 0 upright people “people who live rightly”
|
||||
PRO 15 8 fci9 0 is his delight “pleases him”
|
||||
PRO 15 8 a5ry 0 upright people Alternate translation: “people who live rightly”
|
||||
PRO 15 8 fci9 0 is his delight Alternate translation: “pleases him”
|
||||
PRO 15 9 ui9i figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh hates the way of wicked people The lifestyles of wicked people are spoken of as if they are paths on which those people walk. Alternate translation: “Yahweh hates the way that wicked people live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 9 pj1l figs-metaphor 0 the one who pursues what is right Being diligent to live rightly is spoken of as if it were chasing after right things. Alternate translation: “the person who strives to live rightly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 10 j3mw figs-metaphor 0 anyone who forsakes the way Here “the way” refers to the way of righteousness. A person who stops doing what is right is spoken of as if he has stopped walking on the correct path. Alternate translation: “anyone who stops living rightly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -865,10 +865,10 @@ PRO 15 13 b4lv figs-synecdoche 0 A joyful heart makes the face cheerful Here th
|
|||
PRO 15 13 dm7a figs-metaphor 0 crushes the spirit The writer speaks of a person being discouraged as if that person’s spirit were an object that is crushed. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 15:4](../15/04.md). Alternate translation: “makes a person discouraged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 14 d9uh figs-metonymy 0 The heart of the discerning Here the word “heart” represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: “The mind of the discerning person” or “The discerning person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 14 k3ct figs-synecdoche 0 the mouth of fools feeds on folly Here the word “mouth” represents the person. The writer speaks of fools desiring foolish things as if they ate foolish things. Alternate translation: “foolish people desire folly as if it were the food that they eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 15 r1yn 0 All the days of oppressed people are miserable “Oppressed people are miserable all of their days”
|
||||
PRO 15 15 r1yn 0 All the days of oppressed people are miserable Alternate translation: “Oppressed people are miserable all of their days”
|
||||
PRO 15 15 en6x figs-synecdoche 0 a cheerful heart has an unending feast Here the word “heart” represents the person. The writer speaks of a cheerful person enjoying life as if that person were celebrating a feast that does not end. Alternate translation: “the cheerful person enjoys life, as if he were celebrating an unending feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 15 m9lg 0 an unending feast “a feast that never ends”
|
||||
PRO 15 16 iix3 0 with confusion “with anxiety”
|
||||
PRO 15 15 m9lg 0 an unending feast Alternate translation: “a feast that never ends”
|
||||
PRO 15 16 iix3 0 with confusion Alternate translation: “with anxiety”
|
||||
PRO 15 17 via5 figs-metonymy 0 a meal with vegetables The vegetables represent a small meal with very little food. Alternate translation: “a small meal” or “very little food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 15 17 ux23 figs-abstractnouns 0 where there is love The word “love” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “where people love one another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 15 17 m9u4 figs-activepassive 0 a fatted calf served with hatred This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a fatted calf that someone serves with hatred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -880,15 +880,15 @@ PRO 15 19 gy92 figs-simile 0 The path of the sluggard is like a place with a he
|
|||
PRO 15 19 zqz8 figs-metaphor 0 the path of the upright is a built-up highway The writer speaks of the blessings that upright people experience in life as if they were walking on a smooth road. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 19 c95z 0 built-up highway This is a road that is wide, flat, and without obstacles or potholes.
|
||||
PRO 15 21 itu5 figs-metaphor 0 the one who has understanding walks a straight path The writer speaks of a person doing the right thing as if he were walking straight ahead on a path. Alternate translation: “the person who has understanding does what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 22 p1yb 0 Plans go wrong “Plans fail”
|
||||
PRO 15 22 et1u 0 where there is no advice “when there is no one to give advice”
|
||||
PRO 15 22 p1yb 0 Plans go wrong Alternate translation: “Plans fail”
|
||||
PRO 15 22 et1u 0 where there is no advice Alternate translation: “when there is no one to give advice”
|
||||
PRO 15 22 re1s 0 advisors people who give recommendations as a guide to action
|
||||
PRO 15 22 q31z 0 they succeed “plans succeed”
|
||||
PRO 15 23 wg81 0 a pertinent reply “a fitting reply” or “an appropriate answer”
|
||||
PRO 15 22 q31z 0 they succeed Alternate translation: “plans succeed”
|
||||
PRO 15 23 wg81 0 a pertinent reply Alternate translation: “a fitting reply” or “an appropriate answer”
|
||||
PRO 15 23 jnm2 figs-exclamations 0 how good is a timely word This exclamation emphasizes that a word spoken at the right time is very good. Alternate translation: “a word that a person speaks at the right time is very good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
|
||||
PRO 15 24 b9kb figs-metaphor 0 The path of life leads upward … from Sheol beneath The writer speaks of a lifestyle that results in life as if it were a path that goes upward towards life and of a lifestyle that results in death as if it were a path that leads down to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 15 25 h2dg figs-synecdoche 0 house This is a synecdoche for the person’s household, property, and wealth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 26 h9s4 0 the words of kindness are pure “kind words are pure” or “pleasant words are pure”
|
||||
PRO 15 26 h9s4 0 the words of kindness are pure Alternate translation: “kind words are pure” or “pleasant words are pure”
|
||||
PRO 15 28 avu5 figs-metonymy 0 The heart of the righteous person ponders before it answers Here the word “heart” is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. This represents the person who thinks. Alternate translation: “The person who does right ponders what to say before he answers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 28 zzd4 figs-metaphor 0 the mouth of wicked people pours out all its evil The writer speaks of wicked people’s mouths as if they were containers and speaks of evil as if it were the liquid that filled them. When wicked people speak, their mouths pour out the liquid. The word “mouths” represents those who speak. Alternate translation: “wicked people are always saying evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 15 28 zr4l 0 the mouth of wicked people pours out all its evil It may be more natural in you language to translate all these words as either singular or plural. Alternate translation: “the mouth of the wicked person pours out all its evil” or “the mouths of wicked people pour out all their evil”
|
||||
|
|
@ -912,9 +912,9 @@ PRO 16 5 lkb8 figs-synecdoche 0 everyone who has an arrogant heart Here the wor
|
|||
PRO 16 5 cq2g figs-litotes 0 they will not go unpunished The two negatives in this phrase strongly emphasize the positive. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will certainly punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 16 6 t6t9 figs-abstractnouns 0 By covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness iniquity is atoned for The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” This can be stated in active form. This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh is faithful to his covenant and trustworthy he forgives people’s sins” or (2) Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive the sins of those who are faithful to the covenant and trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 16 6 sn15 figs-metaphor 0 people turn away from evil The writer speaks of people no longer doing evil things as if they were turning away from evil. Alternate translation: “people stop doing evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 7 i6tc 0 he makes “Yahweh makes”
|
||||
PRO 16 8 u992 0 a large income “earning a lot of money”
|
||||
PRO 16 8 a4dx 0 with injustice “with wrongdoing”
|
||||
PRO 16 7 i6tc 0 he makes Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes”
|
||||
PRO 16 8 u992 0 a large income Alternate translation: “earning a lot of money”
|
||||
PRO 16 8 a4dx 0 with injustice Alternate translation: “with wrongdoing”
|
||||
PRO 16 9 wyx2 figs-metonymy 0 In his heart a person plans out his way Here the word “heart” represents the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person’s actions as if the person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “A person plans in his mind what he will do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 9 y8rt figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh directs his steps The writer speaks of Yahweh determining the outcome of a person’s plans as if Yahweh were telling that person where to walk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 10 ak2q figs-metonymy 0 Insightful decisions are on the lips of a king Here the word “lips” is a metonym for what the king says. Alternate translation: “What a king says are insightful decisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ PRO 16 16 bn5c figs-activepassive 0 To get understanding should be chosen more
|
|||
PRO 16 17 ffx6 figs-metaphor 0 The highway of upright people The writer speaks of the lifestyle of upright people as if it were a well-built road, free of obstacles. Alternate translation: “The righteous way that upright people live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 17 a2qn figs-metaphor 0 turns away from evil The writer speaks of avoiding or no longer doing evil things as if it were turning away from evil. Alternate translation: “keeps them from doing evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 18 qp3l figs-metonymy 0 a haughty spirit Here the word “spirit” represents the person’s attitude and temperament. Alternate translation: “an arrogant attitude” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 16 18 yz53 0 a downfall “ruin” or “failure”
|
||||
PRO 16 18 yz53 0 a downfall Alternate translation: “ruin” or “failure”
|
||||
PRO 16 19 s4fk 0 spoil goods taken in battle
|
||||
PRO 16 20 zg3i figs-activepassive 0 what they are taught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what someone has taught them” or “what they have learned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 16 21 lrv9 figs-activepassive 0 The one who is wise in heart is called discerning This person will have a reputation of being a discerning person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will call the one who is wise in heart discerning” or “The one who is wise in heart will have a reputation of being a discerning person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -950,16 +950,16 @@ PRO 16 25 es6x 0 but its end is the way to death The word “its” refers to
|
|||
PRO 16 26 fc7p figs-personification 0 The laborer’s appetite works for him The writer speaks of the appetite as if it were a person who works on behalf of the laborer. This means that the person who labors is motivated by his desire to eat. Alternate translation: “The laborer works to satisfy his appetite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 16 26 gb4l figs-personification 0 his hunger urges him on The writer speaks of “hunger” as if it were a person who urges the laborer to continue working. Alternate translation: “he keeps on working because he is hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 16 27 r16q figs-metaphor 0 A worthless person digs up mischief The writer speaks of a person trying to find ways to harm other people as if that person were digging in the ground to find something buried. Alternate translation: “A worthless person looks for mischief as if he were digging for something in the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 27 sga2 0 worthless “useless” or “wicked”
|
||||
PRO 16 27 sga2 0 worthless Alternate translation: “useless” or “wicked”
|
||||
PRO 16 27 q5zk 0 mischief trouble
|
||||
PRO 16 27 xs7m figs-simile 0 his speech is like a scorching fire The writer compares the way this person’s words hurt others with the way that fire burns things. Alternate translation: “he hurts people with his words, like a fire scorches the things it touches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 16 28 x2b5 0 a gossip a person who gossips or spreads rumors
|
||||
PRO 16 29 mk94 figs-explicit 0 A man of violence lies to his neighbor It is implied that this man lies to his neighbor in order to get his neighbor to join him in violent actions. Alternate translation: “A man of violence entices his neighbor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 16 29 i6a5 0 A man of violence “A violent man” or “A man who practices violence”
|
||||
PRO 16 29 i6a5 0 A man of violence Alternate translation: “A violent man” or “A man who practices violence”
|
||||
PRO 16 29 f3dd figs-metaphor 0 leads him down a path that is not good The writer speaks of a person’s actions as if they were a road on which the person walks. Alternate translation: “gets him to do things that are not good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 16 29 m8qs figs-explicit 0 a path that is not good The writer uses an understatement to emphasize how bad this path is. Alternate translation: “a very bad path” or “a terrible path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 16 30 p1tu 0 The one who winks the eye … those who purse the lips Both of these are facial gestures which people might use to signal their plans to others. See how you translated “winks the eye” in [Proverbs 10:10](../10/10.md).
|
||||
PRO 16 30 wy6w 0 will bring evil to pass “will do evil things”
|
||||
PRO 16 30 wy6w 0 will bring evil to pass Alternate translation: “will do evil things”
|
||||
PRO 16 31 aj89 figs-metaphor 0 Gray hair is a crown of glory The writer speaks of gray hair as if it were a crown. “Gray hair” is a metonym for old age. Alternate translation: “A person who has lived long enough to have gray hair is like one who wears a glorious crown on his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 16 31 y1am figs-activepassive 0 it is gained This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a person gains it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 16 32 x3rg figs-metaphor 0 one who rules his spirit The writer speaks of a person being able to control his own temper and emotions as if he ruled over his spirit like a king rules his people. Alternate translation: “one who controls his temper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -979,16 +979,16 @@ PRO 17 5 gs4i figs-abstractnouns 0 his Maker This is a name that refers to Yahw
|
|||
PRO 17 5 dj8b figs-explicit 0 at misfortune This refers to the misfortune of others. Alternate translation: “at others’ misfortune” or “at other peoples’ troubles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 17 6 y71i figs-metaphor 0 are the crown of This speaks of older peoples’ grandchildren being a sign of honor for them as if their grandchildren were a crown. Alternate translation: “bring honor and respect to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 17 6 v99u figs-nominaladj 0 the aged This refers to older people. Alternate translation: “those who are older” or “older people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 17 7 i2ze 0 Eloquent speech “Fine speech” or “Excellent speech”
|
||||
PRO 17 7 i2ze 0 Eloquent speech Alternate translation: “Fine speech” or “Excellent speech”
|
||||
PRO 17 7 clc1 figs-synecdoche 0 much less are lying lips suitable for royalty This describes people lying as if it were actually their “lips” that were lying. Alternate translation: “even more it is not suitable for royalty to lie” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 17 8 mi9y figs-simile 0 A bribe is like a magic stone to the one who gives it This speaks of a person’s bribe working by comparing it to a magical stone or amulet. Alternate translation: “A bribe works like a magical stone for the one who gives it” or “A bribe works like magic for the one who is giving the bribe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 17 8 iq11 figs-idiom 0 wherever he turns Here “turning” refers to the various things the person does. Specifically, this refers to the different things the person does by bribery. Alternate translation: “in whatever he does” or “in everything he tries to do by giving bribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 17 9 nk6k 0 an offense an action or word that has hurt him
|
||||
PRO 17 9 r2e2 figs-explicit 0 who repeats a matter This refers to bringing up a past situation in which a friend was hurt or offended. Alternate translation: “who repeats a past offense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 17 9 s8p6 0 alienates close friends “causes people to stop being close friends” or “causes close friends to stop liking each other”
|
||||
PRO 17 9 s8p6 0 alienates close friends Alternate translation: “causes people to stop being close friends” or “causes close friends to stop liking each other”
|
||||
PRO 17 10 dra2 figs-metaphor 0 A rebuke goes deeper into a person … than a hundred blows go into a fool This compares how a rebuke effects a man of understanding to how a beating effects a fool. This speaks of the effect on these people as if it could be measured by the depth that it goes into them. Alternate translation: “A rebuke has more effect on a person … than a hundred blows have on a fool” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 17 10 fs5v figs-abstractnouns 0 a person who has understanding “a person who has good judgment.” The word “understand” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “a person who understands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 17 10 hy6y 0 a hundred blows go “a beating of a hundred blows goes”
|
||||
PRO 17 10 hy6y 0 a hundred blows go Alternate translation: “a beating of a hundred blows goes”
|
||||
PRO 17 11 rz73 figs-abstractnouns 0 seeks rebellion The word “rebellion” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “seeks to rebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 17 11 zqf6 figs-activepassive 0 a cruel messenger will be sent against him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a cruel messenger will come against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 17 11 suj6 figs-idiom 0 will be sent against him To be “sent against” someone means to be sent to harm them. Alternate translation: “will be sent to harm him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -996,11 +996,11 @@ PRO 17 12 fk5m figs-activepassive 0 a bear robbed of her cubs This can be state
|
|||
PRO 17 12 j1ly figs-abstractnouns 0 in his foolishness The word “foolishness” can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “who is acting foolish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 17 13 p537 figs-personification 0 evil will never leave his house Here “evil” is spoken of as if it were a person who would not leave the man’s house. Here the word “house” may be taken literally, but it is also a metonym for his family. Alternate translation: “bad things will continue to happen to him and his family” or “bad things will never stop happening to him and his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 17 14 e1bw figs-simile 0 The beginning of conflict is like one who releases water everywhere This compares how easily a conflict spreads to how spilled water flows everywhere. Alternate translation: “Starting a conflict is like pumping water and letting it run everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 17 14 al2h 0 has broken out “starts”or “begins”
|
||||
PRO 17 14 al2h 0 has broken out Alternate translation: “starts”or “begins”
|
||||
PRO 17 15 z95a 0 acquits justifies, declares someone not guilty
|
||||
PRO 17 16 kk5n figs-rquestion 0 Why should a fool pay money to learn about wisdom, when he has no ability to learn it? This rhetorical question emphasizes that the fool should not do this. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “A fool should not pay money to learn about wisdom because he does not have the ability to learn it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 17 17 az6z figs-explicit 0 a brother is born for times of trouble One of the purposes of a brother is to be there to help his brother or sister in times of trouble. Alternate translation: “a brother is there for times of trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 17 18 f3yd 0 no sense “no good judgement”
|
||||
PRO 17 18 f3yd 0 no sense Alternate translation: “no good judgement”
|
||||
PRO 17 18 r6wn 0 binding promises This refers to promises that must be kept and are often a burden on the person who made them.
|
||||
PRO 17 19 bpz3 figs-explicit 0 causes bones to be broken This means that someone will trip on the threshold and break bones, probably in their foot. Alternate translation: “is sure to cause someone trip and break their the bones in their foot” or “is sure to cause someone to trip and injure himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 17 20 a3mi figs-metonymy 0 who has a crooked heart The “heart” represents a person’s feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate translation: “who is deceptive” or “who is dishonest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1010,13 +1010,13 @@ PRO 17 22 b1n1 figs-metaphor 0 A cheerful heart is good medicine This speaks of
|
|||
PRO 17 22 ga2p figs-metonymy 0 A cheerful heart The “heart” represents a person’s feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate translation: “Being cheerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 17 22 u1vh figs-metonymy 0 a broken spirit Here the “spirit” represents a person’s feelings and emotional state. A broken spirit refers to a poor emotional state. Alternate translation: “depression” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 17 22 gei3 figs-metonymy 0 dries up the bones A person’s bones represent their physical health and strength. If a person’s bones dry up it means that they are very sick and unhealthy. Alternate translation: “makes a person unhealthy and weak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 17 23 r7p6 0 to pervert the ways of justice “to prevent justice from being rendered” or “to pervert justice”
|
||||
PRO 17 23 r7p6 0 to pervert the ways of justice Alternate translation: “to prevent justice from being rendered” or “to pervert justice”
|
||||
PRO 17 24 ba2e figs-metaphor 0 sets his face toward wisdom This speaks of a person’s focus on acting wisely as if he were looking at wisdom. Alternate translation: “focuses on acting wisely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 17 24 r7ww figs-synecdoche 0 the eyes of a fool are This refers to a fool by his eyes to emphasize what he is focusing on. Alternate translation: “the fool is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 17 24 qef2 figs-metaphor 0 the ends of the earth This speaks of a fool’s impossible dreams as if they were the ends of the earth to emphasize that they are unrealistic. Alternate translation: “strive for things that are as far from him as the ends of the earth” or “focus on impossible things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 17 25 cn74 0 A foolish son is a grief to his father This speaks of a son causing his father grief as if the son himself were “grief.” Alternate translation: “A foolish son brings grief to his father”
|
||||
PRO 17 25 mw1t 0 A foolish son … and bitterness to the woman This speaks of a son causing his mother bitterness as if the son himself were “bitterness.” Alternate translation: “A foolish son … and brings bitterness to the woman”
|
||||
PRO 17 25 t9yj 0 who bore him “who gave birth to him”
|
||||
PRO 17 25 t9yj 0 who bore him Alternate translation: “who gave birth to him”
|
||||
PRO 17 25 lm5j 0 bitterness emotional pain, sorrow
|
||||
PRO 17 26 lw6w figs-litotes 0 it is never good … neither is it good These statements can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “it is always wrong … and it is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 17 26 wfd1 0 the righteous person Another possible meaning is “the innocent person,” anyone whom others have accused of a crime that he did not commit.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1027,9 +1027,9 @@ PRO 17 28 b5ay figs-activepassive 0 Even a fool is thought to be wise This can
|
|||
PRO 17 28 i81a figs-idiom 0 keeps his mouth shut This means that he does not speak. Alternate translation: “does not speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 17 28 q1jm figs-activepassive 0 he is considered to be intelligent This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “people consider him to be intelligent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 18 intro k5qz 0 # Proverbs 18 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 18 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 18 1 n34r 0 isolates himself “keeps away from other people”
|
||||
PRO 18 1 n34r 0 isolates himself Alternate translation: “keeps away from other people”
|
||||
PRO 18 1 vun3 figs-personification 0 quarrels with all sound judgment This speaks of a person disagreeing with sound judgment as if “sound judgment” were a person he fought with. Alternate translation: “he disagrees with all sound judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 18 1 r3yq 0 sound judgment “good judgment” or “wise choices”
|
||||
PRO 18 1 r3yq 0 sound judgment Alternate translation: “good judgment” or “wise choices”
|
||||
PRO 18 2 u731 figs-litotes 0 A fool finds no pleasure in understanding, but only “A fool does not care about understanding, but only about” This means the fool considers “understanding” the opposite of pleasure. Alternate translation: “A fool detests understanding and only finds pleasure in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 18 2 ey4y figs-explicit 0 but only in revealing what is in his own heart This means that the fool only finds pleasure in telling other people what he feels and desires in his heart. Alternate translation: “but only in telling others what is in his own heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 18 2 yp8r figs-metonymy 0 what is in his own heart The contents of a person’s heart refers to the person’s thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: “what he thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1041,19 +1041,19 @@ PRO 18 4 mk4j figs-synecdoche 0 a man’s mouth Here the man is referred to by
|
|||
PRO 18 4 mn87 figs-metaphor 0 the fountain of wisdom is a flowing stream This speaks of the source of wisdom being plentiful as if it were a gushing spring. The gushing of the spring is spoken of as if it were a flowing stream. Alternate translation: “the source of wisdom is as plentiful as the water of a gushing spring” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 5 fi7d figs-litotes 0 It is not good to … to the righteous person These phrases can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “It is good to treat the wicked person as he deserves, and to be just to the righteous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 18 6 p2qv figs-synecdoche 0 A fool’s lips bring Here the fool is referred to by his “lips” to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “what a fool says brings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 18 6 w2xd 0 bring “cause”
|
||||
PRO 18 6 w2xd 0 bring Alternate translation: “cause”
|
||||
PRO 18 6 zxu7 figs-metaphor 0 his mouth invites a beating This speaks of the fool saying things that cause people to want to beat him as if he were inviting them to beat him. Alternate translation: “his mouth makes people want to beat him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 6 z4ii figs-metonymy 0 his mouth Here what the fool says is referred to as his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 7 iwj7 figs-metonymy 0 A fool’s mouth … with his lips Both of these phrases refer to what a fool says. Alternate translation: “What a fool says … by what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 7 v6hu 0 is his ruin “will ruin him”
|
||||
PRO 18 7 v6hu 0 is his ruin Alternate translation: “will ruin him”
|
||||
PRO 18 7 e4r4 figs-metaphor 0 he ensnares himself This speaks of the man causing problems and trouble for himself as if he were trapping himself like a man traps an animal. Alternate translation: “he will cause problems for himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 8 iu3y figs-simile 0 The words of a gossip are like delicious morsels This speaks of the words of a gossip being desirable to listen to as if they were delicious food to eat. Alternate translation: “The words of a gossip are desirable to listen to” or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 18 8 vd95 figs-possession 0 The words of a gossip This refers to what a gossiping person says. Alternate translation: “The words that a gossiping person speaks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
PRO 18 8 lms4 0 morsels small bites of food
|
||||
PRO 18 8 mr15 figs-metaphor 0 they go down into the inner parts of the body This speaks of the words of a gossip going into a person’s mind and affecting his thoughts as if they were food that was going into his stomach. Alternate translation: “and they enter a person’s mind and affect his thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 9 uih2 figs-metaphor 0 one who is slack in his work is a brother to the one who destroys This speaks of the one who is slack being similar to the one who destroys as if they were actually related. Alternate translation: “is closely related to” or “is very similar to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 9 i66j 0 is slack “is lazy” or “is not interested”
|
||||
PRO 18 9 mch5 0 the one who destroys the most “the one who destroys everything” or “the one who is always destructive”
|
||||
PRO 18 9 i66j 0 is slack Alternate translation: “is lazy” or “is not interested”
|
||||
PRO 18 9 mch5 0 the one who destroys the most Alternate translation: “the one who destroys everything” or “the one who is always destructive”
|
||||
PRO 18 10 ktq8 figs-metaphor 0 The name of Yahweh is a strong tower This speaks of Yahweh protecting his people as if he were a strong tower in which they could take refuge. Alternate translation: “Yahweh protects like a strong tower” or “Yahweh protects his people like a strong tower” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 10 f4nm figs-metonymy 0 The name of Yahweh Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate translation: “Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 10 dtz5 figs-nominaladj 0 the righteous This refers to righteous people. Alternate translation: “those who are righteous” or “righteous people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@ PRO 18 11 vhu8 figs-metaphor 0 The wealth of the rich is his fortified city Thi
|
|||
PRO 18 11 bgq7 figs-nominaladj 0 the rich This refers to people who are rich. Alternate translation: “the rich person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 18 11 tz4b 0 fortified city a city with strong defenses like walls and towers
|
||||
PRO 18 11 kei5 figs-simile 0 in his imagination it is like a high wall This speaks of the rich person believing his wealth will keep him safe like a high wall keeps those inside a city safe. Alternate translation: “he thinks it protects him as well as a high wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 18 12 r28e 0 Before his downfall a person’s heart is proud “First a person’s heart is proud, but then comes his downfall”
|
||||
PRO 18 12 r28e 0 Before his downfall a person’s heart is proud Alternate translation: “First a person’s heart is proud, but then comes his downfall”
|
||||
PRO 18 12 uet1 0 downfall This refers to a significant decline in a person’s reputation or health.
|
||||
PRO 18 12 t2l5 figs-synecdoche 0 a person’s heart Here a person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his thoughts and feelings. Alternate translation: “a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 18 12 dy4x figs-abstractnouns 0 humility comes before honor The word “humility” may be expressed as an adjective and the word “honor” may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “a person must be humble before he can be honored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1072,14 +1072,14 @@ PRO 18 14 v3f4 figs-rquestion 0 but a broken spirit who can bear it? This is a
|
|||
PRO 18 14 b1vb figs-idiom 0 a broken spirit This refers to being depressed. Alternate translation: “being depressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 18 15 e4fm figs-synecdoche 0 The heart of the intelligent acquires Here the intelligent person is referred to by his heart to emphasize his desires. Alternate translation: “The intelligent desire to acquire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 18 15 p7l8 figs-nominaladj 0 the intelligent This refers to people who are intelligent. Alternate translation: “those who are intelligent” or “intelligent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 18 15 ptl8 0 acquires “gains” or “obtains”
|
||||
PRO 18 15 ptl8 0 acquires Alternate translation: “gains” or “obtains”
|
||||
PRO 18 15 xwh7 figs-metonymy 0 the hearing of the wise seeks it out Here the wise person is referred to by his hearing to emphasize what he desires to listen to. Alternate translation: “the wise seeks to learn about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 15 a1ba figs-nominaladj 0 the wise This refers to people who are wise. Alternate translation: “those who are wise” or “wise people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 18 15 enq3 0 seeks it out Here the word “it” refers to “knowledge”
|
||||
PRO 18 16 zkj3 figs-idiom 0 may open the way Here to “open the way” means to create an opportunity. Alternate translation: “may create an opportunity for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 18 16 wr8f figs-idiom 0 bring him before This means to be allowed to see someone. Alternate translation: “let him meet” or “let him be introduced to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 18 17 ct71 translate-ordinal 0 The first to plead his case This refers to the person who pleads his case before his opponent pleads his case. Alternate translation: “The first person to plead his case” or “The person who pleads his case first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 18 18 qs89 0 Casting the lot “Casting lots”
|
||||
PRO 18 18 qs89 0 Casting the lot Alternate translation: “Casting lots”
|
||||
PRO 18 18 n3hk figs-explicit 0 separates strong opponents This refers to people who are fighting harshly over a dispute. When they are separated, they are no longer fighting over their dispute. Alternate translation: “causes opponents to stop fighting over their dispute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 18 19 dcj5 figs-metaphor 0 An offended brother is harder to be won than a strong city This speaks of the difficulty of making peace with a brother you have offended by comparing it to the difficulty of winning a war against a strong city. Alternate translation: “If you offend your brother, finding a way to have peace with him again may be harder than waging a battle to win a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 19 zq5y figs-simile 0 quarreling is like the bars of a castle This speaks of the difficulty of resolving quarreling by comparing it to the difficulty of breaking down the bars of a castle. Alternate translation: “resolving quarreling is as difficult as breaking down the bars of a castle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1088,14 +1088,14 @@ PRO 18 20 qaf4 figs-parallelism 0 From the fruit of his mouth one’s stomach i
|
|||
PRO 18 20 h4tr figs-metaphor 0 the fruit of his mouth This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that came from his mouth. Alternate translation: “his wise speech” or “his good words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 20 p1z6 figs-metaphor 0 one’s stomach is filled This speaks of a person being satisfied or content by the result of what they have said as if they had eaten and become satisfied” Alternate translation: “a person is satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 20 r4ee figs-metonymy 0 the harvest of his lips This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that is harvested. Alternate translation: “his wise speech” or “his good words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 20 x66t 0 he is satisfied “he is pleased”
|
||||
PRO 18 20 x66t 0 he is satisfied Alternate translation: “he is pleased”
|
||||
PRO 18 21 flt4 figs-activepassive 0 Death and life are controlled by the tongue This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “The tongue can lead to life of death” or “What people say can lead to life or death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 18 21 n65f figs-metonymy 0 by the tongue … love the tongue Here the “tongue” refers to speech. Alternate translation: “by what people say … love speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 18 21 l141 figs-metaphor 0 will eat its fruit This speaks of a person receiving the consequence for what he says as if the consequences were fruit that he receives. Alternate translation: “will receive its consequences” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 18 24 wg3n figs-activepassive 0 many friends is brought to ruin by them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “many friends--they will bring him to ruin” or “many friends--his friends will destroy him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 18 24 zc7f 0 comes closer than “is more faithful than” or “stays more loyal than”
|
||||
PRO 18 24 zc7f 0 comes closer than Alternate translation: “is more faithful than” or “stays more loyal than”
|
||||
PRO 19 intro nbz8 0 # Proverbs 19 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 19 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 19 1 ev8n 0 Better is a poor person “It is better to be a poor person”
|
||||
PRO 19 1 ev8n 0 Better is a poor person Alternate translation: “It is better to be a poor person”
|
||||
PRO 19 1 bpi4 figs-idiom 0 who walks in his integrity This is an idiom. Here walking refers to living. Alternate translation: “who lives in his integrity” or “who lives an honest life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 1 wj4i figs-abstractnouns 0 is perverse in speech The word “speech” may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “speaks perversely” or “speaks in an evil way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 19 2 u1uj figs-explicit 0 to have desire without knowledge This refers to people trying to do something without the knowledge for how to correctly do it. Alternate translation: “to work hard without knowing what you are doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1110,27 +1110,27 @@ PRO 19 6 gms6 0 a generous person someone who often gives away things
|
|||
PRO 19 6 q978 figs-hyperbole 0 everyone is a friend The word “everyone” is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: “it seems that everyone is a friend” or “almost everyone is a friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
PRO 19 7 vs3i figs-explicit 0 how much more do his friends who go far away from him! This phrase is an exclamation to show that this is more likely than the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “therefore his friends will certainly hate him and go far away from him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 19 8 ll4q figs-metonymy 0 loves his own life Here the person is referred to by his “life” to emphasize himself being alive. Alternate translation: “loves himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 19 8 v9e9 0 keeps understanding “has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 19 8 v9e9 0 keeps understanding Alternate translation: “has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 19 9 phm9 figs-doublenegatives 0 A false witness will not go unpunished This can be written in positive and active form. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 19:5](../19/05.md). Alternate translation: “They will certainly punish a false witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 19 9 a1nm figs-idiom 0 breathes out lies This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying constantly. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: “constantly lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 10 f4zn 0 It is not fitting “It is not right”
|
||||
PRO 19 10 f4zn 0 It is not fitting Alternate translation: “It is not right”
|
||||
PRO 19 10 pq5q figs-ellipsis 0 much less for a slave The words “it is” and “fitting” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. Alternate translation: “it is much less fitting for a slave” or “it is even worse for a slave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 19 11 ah27 0 Discretion makes a person slow to anger “A person who has discretion is slow to become angry”
|
||||
PRO 19 11 ah27 0 Discretion makes a person slow to anger Alternate translation: “A person who has discretion is slow to become angry”
|
||||
PRO 19 11 j1li 0 Discretion This means to know what should be done in a particular situation. See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
PRO 19 11 p96c 0 it is his glory to overlook “it will bring him glory to overlook” or “others will consider it honorable if he overlooks”
|
||||
PRO 19 11 p96c 0 it is his glory to overlook Alternate translation: “it will bring him glory to overlook” or “others will consider it honorable if he overlooks”
|
||||
PRO 19 11 gc21 0 to overlook to forget on purpose
|
||||
PRO 19 12 vbv5 figs-simile 0 The wrath of the king is like the roaring of a young lion Here the lion’s roaring refers to attacking. The wrath of a king is compared to the unpredictable and dangerous attack of a young lion. Alternate translation: “The wrath of the king is as dangerous as the attack of a young lion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 19 12 m29g figs-simile 0 but his favor is like dew on the grass The favor of the king is compared to the refreshing water that appears on grass in the morning. Alternate translation: “but his favor is refreshing like dew on grass” or “but his favor is refreshing like the dew on the ground in the morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 19 13 v325 0 is ruin to his father “will ruin a father”
|
||||
PRO 19 13 v325 0 is ruin to his father Alternate translation: “will ruin a father”
|
||||
PRO 19 13 s1nw figs-metaphor 0 a quarreling wife is a constant dripping of water This speaks of an annoying wife as if she were the constant dripping of water. Alternate translation: “a quarreling wife is as annoying and distracting as a constant dripping of water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 19 13 l7wk 0 a quarreling wife “an arguing wife” or “a disagreeing wife”
|
||||
PRO 19 13 l7wk 0 a quarreling wife Alternate translation: “an arguing wife” or “a disagreeing wife”
|
||||
PRO 19 14 t54q figs-activepassive 0 A house and wealth are inherited from parents This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Children inherit a house and wealth from their parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 19 14 csr4 0 prudent See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md).
|
||||
PRO 19 14 jw8q figs-activepassive 0 a prudent wife is from Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gives a prudent wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 19 15 ye6v figs-personification 0 Laziness throws a person into a deep sleep This speaks of how laziness causes a person to sleep a lot as if laziness forcefully throws the person into sleep. Alternate translation: “Laziness makes a person sleep a lot” or “A lazy person sleeps a lot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 19 15 jcb5 figs-idiom 0 go hungry This is an idiom which means to not eat. Alternate translation: “not eat” or “be hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 16 xr2k 0 the command “the command that he was taught”
|
||||
PRO 19 16 v2yl 0 guards his life “protects his life”
|
||||
PRO 19 16 xr2k 0 the command Alternate translation: “the command that he was taught”
|
||||
PRO 19 16 v2yl 0 guards his life Alternate translation: “protects his life”
|
||||
PRO 19 16 ik59 figs-idiom 0 his ways This is an idiom which refers to how he lives. Alternate translation: “the way that he lives” or “how he lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 17 zw6r figs-metaphor 0 Whoever is kind to the poor lends to Yahweh Yahweh considers kindness shown to the poor to be kindness shown to him. One of the ways people are kind to the poor is by giving. Alternate translation: “The person who gives to the poor is giving to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 19 17 qx9d figs-nominaladj 0 the poor This refers to poor people. Alternate translation: “those who are poor” or “poor people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ PRO 19 19 dnq3 translate-ordinal 0 a second time “another time” or “again
|
|||
PRO 19 20 gby8 figs-parallelism 0 Listen to advice and accept instruction These two phrases mean basically the same and are repeated to emphasize how important it is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 19 20 egn7 figs-idiom 0 Listen to advice This is an idiom. Here “listening” does not mean to merely listen, but to learn from the advice you are given and to follow it. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to advice” or “Follow advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 21 c7qg figs-metonymy 0 in a person’s heart Here the “heart” is used to refer to the “mind” to emphasize a person’s desire. Alternate translation: “in a person’s mind” or “that a person desires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 19 21 f82d 0 the purpose of Yahweh “Yahweh’s purpose” or “Yahweh’s plans”
|
||||
PRO 19 21 f82d 0 the purpose of Yahweh Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s purpose” or “Yahweh’s plans”
|
||||
PRO 19 21 q568 figs-idiom 0 that will stand This idiom means to “happen.” Alternate translation: “that will happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 19 23 x7qy figs-explicit 0 Honor for Yahweh leads people to life; anyone who has it will be satisfied This means that they will live a long time if they honor Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Those who honor Yahweh will live a long time; anyone who honors Yahweh will be satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 19 23 h31x 0 anyone who has it Here the word “it” refers to “honor for Yahweh.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1152,16 +1152,16 @@ PRO 19 23 gyg5 figs-activepassive 0 satisfied and not afflicted by harm This ca
|
|||
PRO 19 24 wf2e 0 sluggard See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 10:26](../10/26.md).
|
||||
PRO 19 24 r5yj 0 buries his hand in the dish “dips his hand in the dish” or “puts his hand in his plate.” In the Biblical culture people usually ate with their hands as people do in many cultures today.
|
||||
PRO 19 24 r3ts figs-explicit 0 he will not even bring it back up to his mouth He does not bring his hand back to his mouth because he is too lazy. Alternate translation: “but he is too lazy to bring his hand up to his mouth to feed himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 19 25 svj3 0 Strike a mocker, and the naive person “If you strike a mocker, the naive person”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 k69j 0 Strike a mocker “Punish a mocker”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 zh2b 0 naive person “inexperienced person” or “immature person”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 svj3 0 Strike a mocker, and the naive person Alternate translation: “If you strike a mocker, the naive person”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 k69j 0 Strike a mocker Alternate translation: “Punish a mocker”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 zh2b 0 naive person Alternate translation: “inexperienced person” or “immature person”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 v49d 0 prudent See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md).
|
||||
PRO 19 25 m391 0 discipline one who is discerning, and “if you discipline one who is discerning,”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 m391 0 discipline one who is discerning, and Alternate translation: “if you discipline one who is discerning,”
|
||||
PRO 19 25 wwq5 figs-abstractnouns 0 he will gain knowledge The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as “know.” Alternate translation: “he will know more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 19 26 g233 figs-explicit 0 brings shame and reproach This could mean: (1) he brings it to himself. Alternate translation: “brings shame and reproach to himself” or (2) he brings it to his family. Alternate translation: “brings shame and reproach to his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 19 27 n4av figs-metonymy 0 If you cease to hear instruction Here “listening and obeying” is spoken of as if it were “hearing.” Alternate translation: “If you stop paying attention to instruction” or “If you stop obeying instruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 19 27 s24z 0 you will stray from “you will abandon” or “you will turn your back on”
|
||||
PRO 19 27 y3ln 0 the words of knowledge “knowledge”
|
||||
PRO 19 27 s24z 0 you will stray from Alternate translation: “you will abandon” or “you will turn your back on”
|
||||
PRO 19 27 y3ln 0 the words of knowledge Alternate translation: “knowledge”
|
||||
PRO 19 28 d2w1 figs-metaphor 0 the mouth of the wicked swallows iniquity This speaks of how wicked people enjoy doing evil by saying that they swallow iniquity as easily as they swallow food. Alternate translation: “the wicked enjoy doing evil as much as they enjoy eating food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 19 28 aq9f figs-synecdoche 0 the mouth of the wicked swallows The phrase “the mouth of the wicked” represents wicked people. Alternate translation: “wicked people swallow” or “the wicked swallow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 19 28 g9y4 figs-nominaladj 0 the wicked This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: “the wicked person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1177,17 +1177,17 @@ PRO 20 1 ne6h figs-activepassive 0 whoever is led astray by drink is not wise T
|
|||
PRO 20 1 g7rv 0 by drink Here “drink” refers to alcoholic drinks
|
||||
PRO 20 1 k4sv figs-litotes 0 is not wise This means the opposite of “wise” which is “foolish.” Alternate translation: “is foolish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 20 2 p628 figs-simile 0 The fear of a king is like the fear of a young lion that is roaring This compares how people fear a king’s wrath to how they fear a young roaring lion. Alternate translation: “The king’s wrath makes people as afraid as if they were facing a young lion roaring at them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 20 2 xa6x 0 makes him angry “makes the king angry”
|
||||
PRO 20 2 xa6x 0 makes him angry Alternate translation: “makes the king angry”
|
||||
PRO 20 2 rl5y figs-euphemism 0 forfeits his life This refers to being killed. “Life” here refers to physical life. Alternate translation: “will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
PRO 20 3 ru7h 0 It is an honor “It is honorable.” This means that a person will be honored.
|
||||
PRO 20 3 gf5b figs-metaphor 0 every fool jumps into an argument This speaks of entering an argument quickly as if the argument were something the fool physically jumped into. Alternate translation: “every fool quickly gets into an argument” or “every fool is quick to join an argument” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 20 4 cva3 0 plow to prepare land for planting
|
||||
PRO 20 4 tdr6 0 in autumn “during the season for planting crops”
|
||||
PRO 20 4 tdr6 0 in autumn Alternate translation: “during the season for planting crops”
|
||||
PRO 20 4 z5wi figs-explicit 0 but will have nothing This means that there will be nothing growing in his field for him to harvest. Alternate translation: “but will have nothing to harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 20 5 f8de figs-simile 0 The purpose in a human heart is like deep water This speaks of how difficult it is to understand the reasons for a person’s actions by comparing it to the difficulty of reaching the water in a deep well. Alternate translation: “It is as difficult to understand the purpose in the human heart as it is to reach the water in a deep well” or “The purpose of in the human heart is very difficult to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 20 5 qr3j 0 someone with understanding “a person who has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 20 5 qr3j 0 someone with understanding Alternate translation: “a person who has understanding”
|
||||
PRO 20 5 fk7w figs-metaphor 0 will draw it out This speaks of figuring out the purpose of the human heart as if it was water being drawn from a deep well. Alternate translation: “will cause the purpose to be known” or “will figure it out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 20 6 lmq9 0 is loyal “is faithful” or “is trustworthy”
|
||||
PRO 20 6 lmq9 0 is loyal Alternate translation: “is faithful” or “is trustworthy”
|
||||
PRO 20 6 xut9 figs-rquestion 0 but who can find one who is faithful? The implicit answer is “few can find someone like that.” This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “but few men can find a person who is faithful!” or “but it is hard to find a person who really is faithful!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 20 7 s7th figs-idiom 0 walks in his integrity Here walking refers to living. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 19:1](../19/01.md). Alternate translation: “lives by his integrity” or “lives an honest life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 20 7 y2ed figs-explicit 0 his sons who follow after him This simply means that they “follow after him” since they are younger than he and his children. If this phrase is awkward in your language it may be left to be implied. Alternate translation: “his sons after him” or “his sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1195,10 +1195,10 @@ PRO 20 8 j9up figs-metaphor 0 is winnowing with his eyes all the evil that is b
|
|||
PRO 20 9 p5m8 figs-rquestion 0 Who can say, “I have kept my heart pure; I am clean from my sin”? The implicit answer to this question is, “No one can say that.” This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can say that his heart is clean and that he is free from sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 20 9 s43m figs-metonymy 0 my heart Here a person’s “heart” refers to his thoughts and desires. Alternate translation: “my thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 20 9 d5hx figs-metaphor 0 clean A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person where physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 20 9 xb5x 0 I am clean from my sin “I am without sin” or “I have not sinned”
|
||||
PRO 20 9 xb5x 0 I am clean from my sin Alternate translation: “I am without sin” or “I have not sinned”
|
||||
PRO 20 11 yym3 figs-activepassive 0 Even a youth is known by his actions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People know a young man by his actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 20 11 m4db 0 whether his conduct is pure and upright “whether his conduct is pure and upright or not”
|
||||
PRO 20 11 xm83 0 his conduct “his deeds” or “what he does”
|
||||
PRO 20 11 m4db 0 whether his conduct is pure and upright Alternate translation: “whether his conduct is pure and upright or not”
|
||||
PRO 20 11 xm83 0 his conduct Alternate translation: “his deeds” or “what he does”
|
||||
PRO 20 11 we5b figs-doublet 0 pure and upright These two words basically mean the same thing and emphasize how good this young person is. They can be combined into one word if necessary. Alternate translation: “pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 20 13 h9et figs-idiom 0 come to poverty The phrase “come to” here means to transition into a new situation; to become. Alternate translation: “become poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 20 13 ee3x figs-metonymy 0 open your eyes Here “opening one’s eyes” is spoken of as “being awake.” Alternate translation: “stay awake” or “be alert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1211,12 +1211,12 @@ PRO 20 16 e647 figs-idiom 0 hold it in pledge This is an idiom. To “hold some
|
|||
PRO 20 17 zi4r figs-activepassive 0 Bread gained by deceit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bread that someone gained by deceit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 20 17 gjt2 figs-abstractnouns 0 by deceit The word “deceit” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “by deceiving others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 20 17 lnt5 figs-metonymy 0 Bread Here “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “Food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 20 17 fz1i 0 tastes sweet “tastes good”
|
||||
PRO 20 17 fz1i 0 tastes sweet Alternate translation: “tastes good”
|
||||
PRO 20 17 tu5a figs-metaphor 0 but afterward his mouth will be full of gravel This speaks of the food tasting unpleasant as if his mouth were actually full of gravel instead of food. Alternate translation: “but afterwards it tastes like gravel in his mouth” or “but soon it tastes like sand in his mouth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 20 17 du9w 0 gravel small pieces of rock
|
||||
PRO 20 18 mjl4 figs-activepassive 0 Plans are established by advice This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People establish plans based on advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 20 19 i4ch 0 A gossip This means someone who gossips a lot.
|
||||
PRO 20 19 i2mb 0 you should not associate with “you should not be friends with”
|
||||
PRO 20 19 i2mb 0 you should not associate with Alternate translation: “you should not be friends with”
|
||||
PRO 20 20 v9ff 0 If a person curses This means if a someone express a desire that bad things will happen to someone else.
|
||||
PRO 20 20 el23 figs-metaphor 0 his lamp will be snuffed out in the middle of darkness This speaks of a person dying suddenly and unexpectedly as if his life were a lamp snuffed out in the dark. Alternate translation: “his life will end as suddenly as the light of a lamp that is snuffed out in the dark” or “he will die suddenly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 20 20 e6a4 figs-activepassive 0 his lamp will be snuffed out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his lamp will go out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1247,16 +1247,16 @@ PRO 21 1 w5md figs-metaphor 0 The king’s heart is a stream of water in the ha
|
|||
PRO 21 1 t1m8 figs-metonymy 0 The king’s heart The heart is a metaphor for what a person thinks and what he wants to do. Alternate translation: “The king’s thoughts and actions” or “What the king thinks and what he wants to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 21 2 yz3c figs-metaphor 0 Every person’s way is right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. The writer speaks of what a person does as if it that person were walking down a path. Alternate translation: “Every person thinks that what he does is good” or “Every person judges what he does as good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 2 xmb4 figs-metaphor 0 who weighs the hearts The writer speaks of Yahweh deciding whether a person desires to do what is right as if Yahweh were looking at a physical object and deciding whether it is of good quality. Alternate translation: “who will judge the motives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 21 3 qs6t 0 To do what is right “To do what Yahweh thinks is right”
|
||||
PRO 21 3 ezq6 0 To do what is … just “To treat people the way Yahweh wants people to treat other people”
|
||||
PRO 21 3 f31f 0 just is more acceptable to Yahweh “just—Yahweh wants this more”
|
||||
PRO 21 3 qs6t 0 To do what is right Alternate translation: “To do what Yahweh thinks is right”
|
||||
PRO 21 3 ezq6 0 To do what is … just Alternate translation: “To treat people the way Yahweh wants people to treat other people”
|
||||
PRO 21 3 f31f 0 just is more acceptable to Yahweh Alternate translation: “just—Yahweh wants this more”
|
||||
PRO 21 4 ps7v figs-synecdoche 0 Haughty eyes and a proud heart The words “eyes” and “heart” are synecdoches for a person who considers himself better than other people and wants other people to know it. Alternate translation: “People who want others to think that they are better than other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 21 4 xvr4 figs-synecdoche 0 Haughty eyes This is a synecdoche for a person who wants others to know that he thinks he is better than they are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 21 4 gk4s figs-synecdoche 0 proud heart This is a synecdoche for a person who thinks he is better than others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 21 4 y68u figs-metaphor 0 the lamp of the wicked The things that help the wicked are spoken of as a lamp. Alternate translation: “the things that help a wicked person like a lamp helps to see in the dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 5 mmd8 figs-nominaladj 0 the diligent This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “a diligent man” or “a man who works hard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 21 5 xi4l figs-abstractnouns 0 comes only to poverty The abstract noun “poverty” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “only becomes poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 21 6 vsi8 0 Acquiring riches “Gaining wealth”
|
||||
PRO 21 6 vsi8 0 Acquiring riches Alternate translation: “Gaining wealth”
|
||||
PRO 21 6 bc5d figs-metonymy 0 a lying tongue The tongue is a metonym for the words a person uses the tongue to speak. Alternate translation: “speaking lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 21 6 w3kd figs-metaphor 0 a fleeting vapor The writer likens the riches a person gains by lying to a mist that quickly goes away in the morning. Alternate translation: “a disappearing mist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 6 l9ag figs-metaphor 0 a snare that kills The writer speaks of the riches that a person gains by lying as if it were the bait in a hunter’s trap; the word “snare” is a metonym for the bait that attracts the animal into the snare. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1266,35 +1266,35 @@ PRO 21 7 i5j5 figs-explicit 0 drag them away This phrase refers to dragging a n
|
|||
PRO 21 8 qgr2 figs-idiom 0 The way of a guilty person is crooked This compares the way one lives to a crooked road one may travel. This is also an idiom. Alternate translation: “The way a guilty person lives is crooked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 8 y9c2 figs-metaphor 0 crooked Here “crooked” means bent or not straight. This is a metaphor for morally wrong. Alternate translation: “wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 9 gff3 figs-explicit 0 a corner of the roof Houses in those days had flat roofs. Ancient Israelites spent much time on their roofs, where it was often cooler than inside the house, and sometimes people would build a shelter large enough for a person to sleep in on one corner of the roof. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 21 9 j9e1 0 quarrelsome wife “wife who often argues and complains”
|
||||
PRO 21 9 j9e1 0 quarrelsome wife Alternate translation: “wife who often argues and complains”
|
||||
PRO 21 10 x3rs figs-personification 0 The appetite of the wicked craves evil The writer speaks of a person’s appetite, the physical desire for food and drink, as if it were a person who could desire something. The word “wicked” is a nominal adjective that refers to evil people, and the word “evil” is a nominal adjective that refers to evil deeds. Alternate translation: “Evil people desire to do evil deeds just as they desire to eat and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 21 10 a2dz 0 craves desires strongly
|
||||
PRO 21 10 d5qd figs-idiom 0 his neighbor finds no favor in his eyes The idiom to “find favor” means to have someone approve of and act kindly towards the one who finds favor. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents a person’s thoughts and attitude towards another person. Alternate translation: “his neighbor does not receive favor from him” or “he does not act kindly towards his neighbor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 11 rd8s figs-activepassive 0 When the mocker is punished This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone punishes the mocker” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 21 11 a11r 0 the naive “those who have no experience” or “those who are not mature”
|
||||
PRO 21 11 a6a5 0 the mocker “the person who mocks others”
|
||||
PRO 21 11 a11r 0 the naive Alternate translation: “those who have no experience” or “those who are not mature”
|
||||
PRO 21 11 a6a5 0 the mocker Alternate translation: “the person who mocks others”
|
||||
PRO 21 11 m512 figs-activepassive 0 when the wise person is instructed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “when someone instructs the wise person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 21 11 ylu9 figs-metaphor 0 lays hold of knowledge Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were an object that someone could grasp and keep for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 12 t3bj 0 The righteous This could mean: (1) any righteous person or (2) “Yahweh the one who is righteous.”
|
||||
PRO 21 12 bc3u 0 watches the house “pays careful attention to the house” “looks to see what happens to the house”
|
||||
PRO 21 12 bc3u 0 watches the house Alternate translation: “pays careful attention to the house” “looks to see what happens to the house”
|
||||
PRO 21 12 tem1 figs-metaphor 0 he brings wicked people to disaster Here disaster is spoken of as if it were a place that someone could be brought to. Alternate translation: “he destroys them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 13 uc5n figs-idiom 0 The one who shuts his ears to the cry of the poor This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The one who will not listen when poor people ask for help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 21 13 iv38 figs-metonymy 0 he will not be answered The word “answered” is a metonym for a person hearing another person ask for help and acting to help. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will do anything to help him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 21 14 h1vz 0 appeases anger “makes an angry person feel better so he is no longer angry”
|
||||
PRO 21 14 h1vz 0 appeases anger Alternate translation: “makes an angry person feel better so he is no longer angry”
|
||||
PRO 21 15 p2ln figs-abstractnouns 0 When justice is done The abstract noun “justice” can be translated as a noun phrase. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “When rulers do what is just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 21 16 cj4z figs-idiom 0 wanders from the way of understanding This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “no longer lives wisely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 21 16 t6m2 0 he will rest in the assembly of the dead “he will remain in the assembly of dead spirits”
|
||||
PRO 21 16 t6m2 0 he will rest in the assembly of the dead Alternate translation: “he will remain in the assembly of dead spirits”
|
||||
PRO 21 18 mh2v figs-metaphor 0 is ransom for The word “ransom” is a metaphor for one person who takes the place of another person. Here the person who does what is wrong is punished instead of the person who does what is right. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 18 qt7k 0 the treacherous a person who harms those who trust him by lying and otherwise dealing falsely
|
||||
PRO 21 18 n28n 0 upright people “righteous people” or “honest people” or “just people”
|
||||
PRO 21 18 n28n 0 upright people Alternate translation: “righteous people” or “honest people” or “just people”
|
||||
PRO 21 20 r84p figs-nominaladj 0 wise This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “wise person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 21 20 nw25 0 swallows it all up “uses it all for no good purpose” or “wastes it”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 d84j 0 scales the city “climbs up and over the wall that surrounds the city”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 v5jk 0 the city of the mighty ones “a city in which mighty men are living” or “a city of mighty warriors”
|
||||
PRO 21 20 nw25 0 swallows it all up Alternate translation: “uses it all for no good purpose” or “wastes it”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 d84j 0 scales the city Alternate translation: “climbs up and over the wall that surrounds the city”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 v5jk 0 the city of the mighty ones Alternate translation: “a city in which mighty men are living” or “a city of mighty warriors”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 p6cm figs-idiom 0 he brings down This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he destroys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 21 22 w292 0 the stronghold in which they trusted “the walls and towers around the city that they did not think anyone would be able to get past into the city, so they felt safe”
|
||||
PRO 21 22 w292 0 the stronghold in which they trusted Alternate translation: “the walls and towers around the city that they did not think anyone would be able to get past into the city, so they felt safe”
|
||||
PRO 21 23 xw3q figs-doublet 0 Whoever guards his mouth and tongue Both “mouth” and “tongue” refer to what a person says. Alternate translation: “Whoever is careful in what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 21 24 c77j 0 The proud and haughty person … acts with arrogant pride “You can expect a proud and haughty people to act with arrogant pride”
|
||||
PRO 21 24 c77j 0 The proud and haughty person … acts with arrogant pride Alternate translation: “You can expect a proud and haughty people to act with arrogant pride”
|
||||
PRO 21 24 m76a figs-doublet 0 proud and haughty These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how prideful the person is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 21 24 rf25 figs-metonymy 0 “Mocker” is his name The word “name” is a metonym for what people would call him. Alternate translation: “a mocker is what you should call him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 21 25 pzb9 figs-personification 0 The desire of the lazy kills him The writer speaks of what a person wants as if it were a person who could kill a lazy person. Here the lazy person wants to be idle and not work. Alternate translation: “A lazy person only wants to be idle, and because of that he will die” or “A lazy person will die because he does not want to work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1303,19 +1303,19 @@ PRO 21 26 vgt6 0 craves desires strongly
|
|||
PRO 21 26 es9x figs-litotes 0 gives and does not hold back The phrase “does not hold back” can be stated positively, and what he gives can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “gives everything he should” or “gives generously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 21 27 fq9a 0 The sacrifice of the wicked is detestable The writer does not mention Yahweh here, as in [Proverbs 15:8](../15/08.md), but the reader should understand that it is Yahweh who detests the sacrifice of the wicked.
|
||||
PRO 21 27 l3le figs-nominaladj 0 the wicked The nominal adjective “wicked” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “the wicked person” or “wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 21 27 iy31 0 it is even more detestable “Yahweh detests the sacrifice even more”
|
||||
PRO 21 27 iy31 0 it is even more detestable Alternate translation: “Yahweh detests the sacrifice even more”
|
||||
PRO 21 28 h8d4 0 will speak for all time This is because people will never forget what he said.
|
||||
PRO 21 29 z6tg figs-idiom 0 makes his face hard This could mean: (1) “pretends to be courageous” or (2) “will not listen to correction.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 21 29 ts1r figs-metaphor 0 is certain about his ways A person’s actions are spoken of as if they were a path upon which the person walks. Alternate translation: “is certain about what he does” or “is confident about what he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 21 30 n8kt figs-abstractnouns 0 There is no wisdom, there is no understanding, and there is no advice that The words “there is” are repeated to emphasize the abstract nouns “wisdom,” “understanding,” and “advice.” Yahweh is greater than anything that anyone can know or think or say. Your language may require that you not repeat “there is no.” The abstract nouns can be translated as adjectives or verbs. Alternate translation: “There is no wise person, there is no one who understands anything, and there is no one who tells others what to do who” or “There is no wisdom, understanding, or advice that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 21 30 k3pe 0 stand against Yahweh “defeat Yahweh” or “work against what Yahweh wants to do” or “show that he is right and Yahweh is wrong”
|
||||
PRO 21 30 k3pe 0 stand against Yahweh Alternate translation: “defeat Yahweh” or “work against what Yahweh wants to do” or “show that he is right and Yahweh is wrong”
|
||||
PRO 21 31 j1hq figs-activepassive 0 The horse is prepared for the day of battle These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Soldiers prepare horses for the day of battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 21 31 i6w8 figs-idiom 0 the day of battle The word “day” refers to time that may be longer or shorter than a day. Alternate translation: “when there is a battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 22 intro t5zj 0 # Proverbs 22 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 22 ends the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>The second half of this chapter and the first half of the next chapter are attributed to the “Wise Men.” The exact identity of the men is unknown.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br>### Rhetorical questions<br><br>With this new section of proverbs, the author begins to use many rhetorical questions. The obvious answers should convince the reader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 22 1 but9 figs-activepassive 0 A good name is to be chosen over great riches These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “A person should choose a good name rather than great riches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 22 1 m8c7 0 A good name “To have others think that one is a good person”
|
||||
PRO 22 1 m8c7 0 A good name Alternate translation: “To have others think that one is a good person”
|
||||
PRO 22 3 nt9p 0 A prudent man “A man who is wise” or “A man who has good sense.” See how you translated “prudent” in [Proverbs 12:16](../12/16.md).
|
||||
PRO 22 3 cm2a 0 the naive “the inexperienced and immature”
|
||||
PRO 22 3 cm2a 0 the naive Alternate translation: “the inexperienced and immature”
|
||||
PRO 22 5 e8f6 figs-metaphor 0 Thorns and snares lie in the path of the perverse The writer speaks of the way perverse people live as if it were a path on which the perverse will have trouble because of the natural “thorns” and man-made “snares.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 22 5 r2h1 0 snares traps to catch animals
|
||||
PRO 22 5 dku9 figs-nominaladj 0 the perverse This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “perverse people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1331,25 +1331,25 @@ PRO 22 9 zhf7 figs-metonymy 0 one who has a generous eye The eye is a metonym f
|
|||
PRO 22 9 vs46 figs-metonymy 0 bread Since bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, it is often used to refer to food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 22 10 t6nt figs-abstractnouns 0 disputes and insults will cease The abstract nouns “disputes” and “insults” can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “people will no longer argue with each other or say things to hurt each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 22 11 xzb6 figs-synecdoche 0 loves a pure heart It is his own heart that the person wants to be pure. The heart is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “loves having a pure heart” or “wants to be pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 22 11 tlq4 0 is gracious “is kind”
|
||||
PRO 22 11 tlq4 0 is gracious Alternate translation: “is kind”
|
||||
PRO 22 12 swt2 figs-synecdoche 0 The eyes of Yahweh keep watch over The eyes are a synecdoche for the person. The writer speaks as if Yahweh had physical eyes like a person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh keeps watch over” or “Yahweh guards knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 22 12 s2lr figs-metonymy 0 keep watch over knowledge Keeping watch is s metonym for protecting. Alternate translation: “protect knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 22 12 zw3l 0 he overthrows “he destroys”
|
||||
PRO 22 12 zw3l 0 he overthrows Alternate translation: “he destroys”
|
||||
PRO 22 12 q7yt figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous The nominal adjective treacherous can be translated as a noun phrase. Translate “treacherous” as in [Proverbs 11:3](../11/03.md). Alternate translation: “a treacherous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 22 13 jg67 0 The lazy person says The quote that follows is a lie and an excuse for not working. If your language introduces false statements in a special way, you can use that here.
|
||||
PRO 22 14 eq5h figs-metonymy 0 The mouth of an adulteress is a deep pit The word “mouth” is a metonym for the words that come out of the mouth. The writer speaks of a person being unable to escape having people punish him for evil deeds as if that person had fallen into a hole someone had dug in the ground from which he could not escape. Alternate translation: “The words spoken by an adulteress will draw you in, and it will be as if you have fallen into a deep and dangerous pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 22 14 xrc5 0 an adulteress See how you translated this in [Proverbs 5:3](../05/03.md).
|
||||
PRO 22 14 l326 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh’s anger is stirred up Here “stirred up” means that his anger increased. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 22 14 fin1 figs-metaphor 0 falls into it Adultery is spoken of as if it is something that a person can fall into. Alternate translation: “sins because of the adulteress” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 22 15 fuj4 0 Foolishness is bound up in the heart of a child “The heart of a child is full of foolish things”
|
||||
PRO 22 15 fuj4 0 Foolishness is bound up in the heart of a child Alternate translation: “The heart of a child is full of foolish things”
|
||||
PRO 22 15 j283 figs-metonymy 0 the rod of discipline The writer speaks of a parent using any form of discipline as if that parent were hitting the child with a wooden rod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 22 15 dk18 figs-metaphor 0 drives it far away The writer speaks as if foolishness were a person that another person could use a physical rod to drive away. Alternate translation: “will make a child wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 22 16 w7rc 0 to increase his wealth “to become richer” or “to gain more money”
|
||||
PRO 22 16 fm7f 0 gives to rich people “gives money to rich people”
|
||||
PRO 22 16 w7rc 0 to increase his wealth Alternate translation: “to become richer” or “to gain more money”
|
||||
PRO 22 16 fm7f 0 gives to rich people Alternate translation: “gives money to rich people”
|
||||
PRO 22 16 d4td figs-idiom 0 will come to poverty This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will become poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 22 17 nnv4 0 General Information: Verse 17 begins the introduction to a new section of the Book of Proverbs.
|
||||
PRO 22 17 lgs9 figs-synecdoche 0 Incline your ear and listen Here the word “ear” represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. See how you translated “incline your ear” in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: “Pay attention and listen” or “Listen attentively” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 22 17 l38x 0 the words of the wise “what wise people say”
|
||||
PRO 22 17 l38x 0 the words of the wise Alternate translation: “what wise people say”
|
||||
PRO 22 17 pi8n figs-idiom 0 apply your heart to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “do your best to understand and remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 22 17 i9n2 figs-abstractnouns 0 my knowledge The person speaking is probably the same as the father from [Proverbs 1:8](../01/08.md). He may be speaking of “the words of the wise” as “my knowledge.” The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as “know.” Alternate translation: “the knowledge I have, which I am sharing with you” or “what I know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 22 18 nl9j figs-metonymy 0 all of them are ready on your lips The person being ready to speak is spoken of as if it were the words that were ready. Alternate translation: “you are able to speak of them at any time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1373,7 +1373,7 @@ PRO 22 25 s2i8 figs-metaphor 0 you will take bait for your soul A person who wa
|
|||
PRO 22 25 jh2k figs-metonymy 0 bait for your soul The soul is a metonym for the person’s life. Alternate translation: “bait that someone has put out so he can kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 22 26 ftq6 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 22 26 rnd6 0 strikes hands A person would strike his hand against another person’s hand to bind himself to do what he had agreed to do. Here the speaker warns the hearer not to strike hands as a way to promise to pay off someone’s debts.
|
||||
PRO 22 26 wt7u 0 in making a pledge “and agree to pay what someone owes to another person”
|
||||
PRO 22 26 wt7u 0 in making a pledge Alternate translation: “and agree to pay what someone owes to another person”
|
||||
PRO 22 28 tb1b 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 22 28 g63s 0 ancient very old
|
||||
PRO 22 28 djq5 0 boundary stone a large stone that shows where one person’s land ends and another person’s land begins
|
||||
|
|
@ -1384,10 +1384,10 @@ PRO 23 intro eva7 0 # Proverbs 23 General Notes<br>## Structure and formattin
|
|||
PRO 23 1 z181 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 2 lu62 figs-hyperbole 0 put a knife to your throat Possible meanings of this exaggeration are: (1) “be very careful not to eat too much” or (2) “do not eat anything at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 23 3 zfk9 0 Do not crave “Do not strongly desire.” See how you translated “craves” in [Proverbs 21:9](../21/09.md).
|
||||
PRO 23 3 zkz5 0 his delicacies “his special and expensive food”
|
||||
PRO 23 3 zkz5 0 his delicacies Alternate translation: “his special and expensive food”
|
||||
PRO 23 3 tjm2 figs-idiom 0 it is the food of lies This is an idiom. “he is giving it to you so he can deceive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 23 4 a4va 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 4 wh19 0 Do not work too hard “Do not work so much that you are always tired”
|
||||
PRO 23 4 wh19 0 Do not work too hard Alternate translation: “Do not work so much that you are always tired”
|
||||
PRO 23 5 n9hd figs-metaphor 0 light upon it land like a bird upon the wealth (verse 4). This is a metaphor for looking at the wealth for a short time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 23 5 sp17 figs-metaphor 0 it will surely take up wings like an eagle and fly off A person losing his wealth is spoken of as if the wealth were a bird. Alternate translation: “the wealth will disappear as quickly as an eagle can fly away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 23 5 ryq4 0 wings like an eagle wings like an eagle’s wings
|
||||
|
|
@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ PRO 23 12 w7ey 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayi
|
|||
PRO 23 12 pgj6 figs-idiom 0 Apply your heart to This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:17](../22/17.md). Alternate translation: “Do your best to understand and remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 23 12 v2r3 0 instruction This could mean: (1) “what people who know what is right and what is wrong tell you” or (2) “what people say and do when they correct you.”
|
||||
PRO 23 12 jul6 figs-ellipsis 0 your ears The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “apply your ears” or “listen carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 23 12 gn45 0 to words of knowledge “to me when I tell you what I know”
|
||||
PRO 23 12 gn45 0 to words of knowledge Alternate translation: “to me when I tell you what I know”
|
||||
PRO 23 13 c9zs 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 13 qfa7 figs-abstractnouns 0 Do not withhold instruction from a child The abstract noun “instruction” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Do not neglect to instruct a child” or “Do not refuse to instruct a child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 23 13 r8dq 0 withhold refuse to give something that one knows another person needs
|
||||
|
|
@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ PRO 23 22 s9it figs-litotes 0 do not despise This can be stated positively. Alt
|
|||
PRO 23 23 smm2 figs-abstractnouns 0 Buy the truth, but do not sell it; buy wisdom, instruction, and understanding Another possible meaning is “Buy the truth, and do not sell wisdom, instruction, or understanding.” The words “truth,” “wisdom,” “instruction,” and “understanding” are abstract nouns that are spoken of as if they were physical items that a person can buy and sell in a market. They can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “Do what you need to do so you can know what is true, so you can be wise, so you can learn how to act, and so you can tell good from bad; never think of anything else as more important than these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 23 24 rzg3 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 24 qls1 0 The father of the righteous person will greatly rejoice, and he who begets a wise child will be glad in him Another possible meaning is that the words “he that begets a wise child” explain who “the father of the righteous person” is. Alternate translation: “The father of the righteous person, he who begets a wise child, will greatly rejoice and will be glad in him”
|
||||
PRO 23 24 b6a9 0 will be glad in him “will be glad because of him”
|
||||
PRO 23 24 b6a9 0 will be glad in him Alternate translation: “will be glad because of him”
|
||||
PRO 23 26 c77m 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 26 ds3t figs-metonymy 0 give me your heart The word “heart” is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides to do. This could mean: (1) “pay careful attention” or (2) “trust me completely.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 23 26 zdk9 figs-synecdoche 0 let your eyes observe The eyes are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “observe” or “look carefully at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
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|
@ -1445,12 +1445,12 @@ PRO 23 28 x4yu 0 lies in wait stays hidden, ready to attack when a victim appr
|
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PRO 23 28 ll5s figs-nominaladj 0 the treacherous This nominal adjective can be translated as an adjective or verb. Alternate translation: “treacherous people” or “those who harm others by deceiving them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 23 29 ek29 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 29 l7du figs-rquestion 0 Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has fights? Who has complaining? Who has wounds for no reason? Who has bloodshot eyes? The writer uses these questions to prepare the reader for the point he is about to make about a particular type of person. He does not expect an answer to each question. Your language may have a different way of introducing a lesson. Alternate translation: “Listen to me while I tell you what kind of person has woe, sorrow, fights, complaining, wounds for no reason, and bloodshot eyes.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 23 29 yw3q 0 bloodshot eyes “eyes red, like the color of blood”
|
||||
PRO 23 29 yw3q 0 bloodshot eyes Alternate translation: “eyes red, like the color of blood”
|
||||
PRO 23 30 kqg7 0 Those who linger over wine, those who try the mixed wine These words answer the questions in verse 29 and describe people who drink too much wine.
|
||||
PRO 23 30 g2tp figs-euphemism 0 linger over wine spend much time drinking wine and so drink much wine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
PRO 23 30 t96n 0 the mixed wine This could mean: (1) different wines mixed together or (2) other drinks that are stronger than wine.
|
||||
PRO 23 31 v5x1 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 23 32 ip9z 0 In the last “After you drink it”
|
||||
PRO 23 32 ip9z 0 In the last Alternate translation: “After you drink it”
|
||||
PRO 23 32 cr4n figs-metaphor 0 it bites like a serpent … it stings like an adder The word “it” refers to “the wine when it is red.” “Bites” and “stings” are metaphors for the way too much wine makes people feel. Alternate translation: “it makes you feel as bad as if a serpent had bitten you or an adder had stung you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 23 32 q4ct 0 adder a type of poisonous snake
|
||||
PRO 23 33 qfg7 figs-synecdoche 0 your heart will utter perverse things The “heart” represents the person and emphasize what he thinks and decides to do. Alternate translation: “you will think about and decide to do perverse things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1464,7 +1464,7 @@ PRO 24 intro nl8m 0 # Proverbs 24 General Notes<br>## Structure and formattin
|
|||
PRO 24 1 d1dq 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 24 2 dw7g figs-synecdoche 0 their hearts The words “their hearts” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 24 2 m8px figs-synecdoche 0 their lips The words “their lips” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 24 2 es5l 0 talk about trouble “talk about causing harm” or “talk about creating problems”
|
||||
PRO 24 2 es5l 0 talk about trouble Alternate translation: “talk about causing harm” or “talk about creating problems”
|
||||
PRO 24 3 f9id 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 24 3 hiy4 figs-abstractnouns 0 Through wisdom a house is built The abstract noun “wisdom” can be translated as an adjective. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “People need to be wise if they are to build a good house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 24 3 q4cp figs-abstractnouns 0 by understanding it is established The abstract noun “understanding” can be translated as a verb. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “People need to understand what is morally good and what is morally bad if they are to establish a house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1474,7 +1474,7 @@ PRO 24 5 gah6 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayin
|
|||
PRO 24 5 gya2 figs-abstractnouns 0 warrior of wisdom The abstract noun “wisdom” can be translated as “wise.” Alternate translation: “wise warrior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 24 5 my2f figs-abstractnouns 0 a man of knowledge increases his strength The abstract nouns “knowledge” and “strength” can be translated as the verb “know” and the adjective “strong.” Alternate translation: “a man who knows many things is stronger because he knows these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 24 6 i9sa figs-abstractnouns 0 by wise direction The abstract noun “direction” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “if you have wise people telling you what to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 24 6 e43z 0 wage your war “fight your war”
|
||||
PRO 24 6 e43z 0 wage your war Alternate translation: “fight your war”
|
||||
PRO 24 6 nll1 0 advisors those who tell government officials what those officials should do
|
||||
PRO 24 7 ten9 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 24 7 r9t9 figs-idiom 0 too high for a fool This is an idiom. “too difficult for a fool to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1489,7 +1489,7 @@ PRO 24 11 n8k2 0 taken away Another possible meaning is “dragged away.”
|
|||
PRO 24 11 ru95 0 staggering walking unsteadily and almost falling. This word would also describe the way a person walks when he is being dragged away.
|
||||
PRO 24 11 kl46 figs-abstractnouns 0 the slaughter The abstract noun “slaughter” can be translated as a verb. The writer speaks as if those who take them away think of them as no better than animals. If your language has a word for killing animals that would fit here, you might want to use it. Alternate translation: “where people will kill them as they would kill animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 24 12 k5el 0 If you say, “Behold,…this,” does The writer is answering something that the reader may wrongly be thinking. Alternate translation: “You may say, ‘Behold,…this,’ but does”
|
||||
PRO 24 12 akd7 0 Behold, we “Listen to us! We” or “But we” or “We have done nothing wrong, because we”
|
||||
PRO 24 12 akd7 0 Behold, we Alternate translation: “Listen to us! We” or “But we” or “We have done nothing wrong, because we”
|
||||
PRO 24 12 yi61 figs-rquestion 0 does not the one who weighs the heart understand what you are saying? The writer assumes the readers know the answer and asks this for emphasis. Alternate translation: “the one who weighs the heart understands what you are saying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 24 12 cx5x figs-euphemism 0 the one who The writer expects the reader to know that “the one” is Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
PRO 24 12 zda4 figs-metonymy 0 weighs the heart The word “heart” is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. The writer speaks as if what a person thinks and desires were a physical object that a person could weigh, and weighing an object is a metaphor for looking closely at something to see how good it is. Alternate translation: “knows how good what people really think and desire is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1500,12 +1500,12 @@ PRO 24 14 p5t6 figs-activepassive 0 your hope will not be cut off This could me
|
|||
PRO 24 15 i96h 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 24 15 s1ww figs-idiom 0 Do not lie in wait The words “lie in wait” are an idiom. Translate “lie in wait” as in [Proverbs 1:11](../01/11.md). Alternate translation: “Do not hide and wait for the right time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 24 15 g6w6 0 his home the home of the righteous person
|
||||
PRO 24 16 jrm7 0 rises again “gets back on his feet” or “stands up again”
|
||||
PRO 24 16 jrm7 0 rises again Alternate translation: “gets back on his feet” or “stands up again”
|
||||
PRO 24 16 k8ly figs-personification 0 wicked people are brought down by calamity The writer speaks as if “calamity” were a person who could do bad things to other people. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will use calamity to bring down the wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 24 16 u49k figs-metaphor 0 are brought down This is a metaphor of a person who was standing but someone has brought him down to the ground or made him fall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 24 16 ze9b 0 calamity times when bad things happen to people and their property
|
||||
PRO 24 17 rpu6 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
PRO 24 17 t9ei 0 your enemy falls “something bad happens to your enemy”
|
||||
PRO 24 17 t9ei 0 your enemy falls Alternate translation: “something bad happens to your enemy”
|
||||
PRO 24 17 by2h figs-synecdoche 0 let not your heart be glad This is a strong command. The word “heart” represents the person. Alternate translation: “do not allow yourself to be glad” or “stop yourself from being glad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 24 18 b18i figs-idiom 0 turn away his wrath from him The words “turn away his wrath” are an idiom for no longer being angry. What Yahweh would do instead can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “stop being angry with him and be angry with you instead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 24 19 yp9l 0 General Information: These verses continue the “thirty sayings” ([Proverbs 22:20](../22/20.md)).
|
||||
|
|
@ -1518,32 +1518,32 @@ PRO 24 23 jq5s 0 These also are sayings of the wise This sentence starts a new
|
|||
PRO 24 23 ci6n 0 a case at law a situation that is brought before a judge in which someone is accused of breaking the law
|
||||
PRO 24 24 lma6 0 Whoever says to the wicked person,…will be cursed by peoples and hated by nations The word “nations” is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will curse whoever says to the wicked person,…, and the people of other nations will hate him”
|
||||
PRO 24 24 rfb9 0 the wicked person … a righteous person This could mean: (1) people should never call any wicked person a righteous person or (2) no one should say of a person guilty of a crime that he is innocent. Alternate translation: “a person guilty of a crime … innocent”
|
||||
PRO 24 25 xwv5 0 will have delight “will be very happy”
|
||||
PRO 24 25 xwv5 0 will have delight Alternate translation: “will be very happy”
|
||||
PRO 24 25 ufh1 figs-personification 0 gifts of goodness will come to them Gifts are spoken of as if they were people who could move by themselves. The abstract noun “goodness” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “people will give them good gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 24 25 uy7d 0 gifts of goodness “good things” or “blessings”
|
||||
PRO 24 25 uy7d 0 gifts of goodness Alternate translation: “good things” or “blessings”
|
||||
PRO 24 26 sz6f figs-idiom 0 gives a kiss on the lips A kiss was a sign of respect and devotion in that culture. Alternate translation: “shows true friendship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 24 28 u5rp figs-metonymy 0 with your lips The lips are a metonym for the words a person speaks. Alternate translation: “by what you say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 24 29 cke7 figs-idiom 0 pay him back This is an idiom. “take revenge against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 24 31 w3gw 0 Thorns useless plants with sharp spines
|
||||
PRO 24 31 j4m7 0 nettles plants that are covered with stinging leaves and hairs
|
||||
PRO 24 31 chw4 0 was broken down “had fallen down”
|
||||
PRO 24 32 u9za 0 received instruction “learned a lesson”
|
||||
PRO 24 31 chw4 0 was broken down Alternate translation: “had fallen down”
|
||||
PRO 24 32 u9za 0 received instruction Alternate translation: “learned a lesson”
|
||||
PRO 24 34 d7gx figs-ellipsis 0 and poverty comes This finishes a thought begun with the words “A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest” (Proverbs 24:33). You may need to fill in the omitted words. “You may say to yourself, ‘A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest,’ but then poverty will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 24 34 v85w figs-personification 0 poverty comes marching upon you Some translations read, “poverty comes upon you like a robber.” Poverty is spoken of as if it were a person or animal that can attack a lazy person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 24 34 zx1y figs-simile 0 your needs like an armed soldier Needs are spoken of as if they were a person who could attack the lazy person. Alternate translation: “your needs will come to you like an armed soldier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
PRO 25 intro l94s 0 # Proverbs 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 25 begins the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 25 2 x2ec 0 to conceal a matter “to keep some things secret”
|
||||
PRO 25 2 x2ec 0 to conceal a matter Alternate translation: “to keep some things secret”
|
||||
PRO 25 2 cj4p figs-ellipsis 0 but the glory The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “but it is the glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 25 2 dg6e 0 search it out “search that matter out” or “search for those things that God has concealed”
|
||||
PRO 25 2 dg6e 0 search it out Alternate translation: “search that matter out” or “search for those things that God has concealed”
|
||||
PRO 25 3 jtp4 figs-simile 0 Like the heavens are for height and the earth is for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable The hearts of kings are compared to the size of the heavens and the earth. Alternate translation: “Just as no one can measure the height of the heavens or the depth of the earth, even so no one can understand the heart of kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 25 3 b947 0 heavens This refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars.
|
||||
PRO 25 4 jgm1 0 dross the material in a metal that people do not want and they remove by heating the metal
|
||||
PRO 25 5 vvu5 figs-metonymy 0 his throne will be established by doing The throne is a metonym for the power to rule. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the king will establish his throne by doing” or “he will have the power to rule because he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 25 7 w69g figs-explicit 0 It is better for him to say to you, “Come up here,” than Here “up” means to move to a place at the table that is closer to the king. It is a great honor for a person to sit closer to the king. Alternate translation: “It is better for someone to invite you to sit closer to the king than” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 25 7 qf2z 0 before a nobleman “in front of a nobleman”
|
||||
PRO 25 7 qf2z 0 before a nobleman Alternate translation: “in front of a nobleman”
|
||||
PRO 25 8 t9ug figs-rquestion 0 For what will you do in the end when your neighbor puts you to shame? This question is asked to make the reader consider the possibility that he may have misunderstood the situation. The way in which the neighbor might put the reader to shame can be stated plainly. Alternate translation: “For you will not know what to do in the end when your neighbor puts you to shame.” or “For if your neighbor has an explanation, he will put you to shame, and you will have nothing to say to defend yourself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 25 9 lgk7 0 your case “your disagreement”
|
||||
PRO 25 9 c77l 0 do not disclose another’s secret “do not share your neighbor’s secret with other people”
|
||||
PRO 25 9 lgk7 0 your case Alternate translation: “your disagreement”
|
||||
PRO 25 9 c77l 0 do not disclose another’s secret Alternate translation: “do not share your neighbor’s secret with other people”
|
||||
PRO 25 10 fr3g figs-activepassive 0 an evil report about you that cannot be silenced Here “evil report” refers to harmful things that the person will tell others. The phrase “cannot be silenced” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will not be able to stop him from telling other people harmful things about you” or “he will tell people evil things about you and you will never have a good reputation again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 25 11 e2ay figs-metaphor 0 Apples of gold in settings of silver is a word spoken in the right situation The goodness of “a word spoken at the right time” is spoken of as if it were the physical beauty of “apples of gold in settings of silver.” Most translations translate this metaphor as a simile and change the order of the phrases. Alternate translation: “A word spoken at the right time is beautiful like apples of gold in settings of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 25 11 sq35 0 Apples of gold in settings of silver The ancient Israelites did not know the apples that most people know today. This could mean: (1) “apples” should be translated as “design.” Alternate translation: “a golden design carved into a silver bowl” or (2) “apples” refers to another type of fruit with a golden color that someone has placed on a silver plate or bowl. Alternate translation: “Golden colored fruit placed in a silver bowl”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1576,9 +1576,9 @@ PRO 25 26 fe9h figs-metaphor 0 tottering This is a metaphor for being unable to
|
|||
PRO 25 26 e13r figs-idiom 0 before wicked people This could mean: (1) “when wicked people attack him” or (2) “when wicked people urge him to do evil.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 25 27 h7jf figs-simile 0 It is not good to eat too much honey; that is like searching for honor after honor. Both wanting others to honor you and eating honey are good, but you can eat too much honey, and you can try too hard to have people honor you. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 25 27 x6in figs-litotes 0 It is not good This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “It is a bad thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 25 27 ea11 0 that is like searching for honor after honor “that is like always thinking about how others should honor you.” The meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some versions of the Bible translate this as “that is like speaking too many compliments to people.”
|
||||
PRO 25 27 ea11 0 that is like searching for honor after honor The meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some versions of the Bible translate this as “that is like speaking too many compliments to people.” Alternate translation: “that is like always thinking about how others should honor you”
|
||||
PRO 25 28 gl3p figs-simile 0 A person without self-control is like a city breached and without walls. Both a person without self-control and a city without walls are weak and vulnerable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 25 28 jh45 0 breached and without walls “whose walls an army has knocked down and destroyed”
|
||||
PRO 25 28 jh45 0 breached and without walls Alternate translation: “whose walls an army has knocked down and destroyed”
|
||||
PRO 26 intro juh9 0 # Proverbs 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 26 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. Wisdom and folly are particularly prominent in this chapter.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 26 1 w8yc figs-simile 0 Like snow in summer or rain in harvest Normally snow does not fall during the summer and rain does not fall during the harvest. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Just as it would be very strange to have snow in summer or rain during the harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 26 2 kdg7 figs-simile 0 so an undeserved curse does not alight A curse that does not harm a person is spoken of as if it were a bird that does not land. Alternate translation: “so an undeserved curse does not land on its mark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1596,20 +1596,20 @@ PRO 26 7 h8yx figs-simile 0 Like the legs … is a proverb in the mouth of fool
|
|||
PRO 26 7 m6mr 0 a paralytic a person who is unable to move or feel all or part of his body
|
||||
PRO 26 7 nq9k figs-metonymy 0 in the mouth of fools Here “mouth” is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: “in the speech of fools” or “that fools say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 26 8 vhn4 figs-explicit 0 tying a stone in a sling In order to throw a stone very far, people put it into a sling and swing the sling so that the stone will fly from it very quickly. The result of tying a stone in a sling can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “tying a stone in a sling so that it cannot be thrown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 26 8 fy3g 0 giving honor to a fool “honoring a fool”
|
||||
PRO 26 8 fy3g 0 giving honor to a fool Alternate translation: “honoring a fool”
|
||||
PRO 26 9 l82z figs-simile 0 Like a thorn … is a proverb in the mouth of fools How the two are alike can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “A proverb in the mouth of fools is as dangerous as a thorn that goes into the hand of a drunkard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 26 9 z794 figs-synecdoche 0 a thorn that goes into the hand of a drunkard This could mean: (1) if a drunk person holds a thornbush, a thorn will prick his hand, or (2) if a drunk person is angry, he will pick up a thornbush and swing it at people. For the second meaning, the word “thorn” represents a thornbush. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 26 9 q3gg figs-metonymy 0 in the mouth of fools Here “mouth” is a metonym for speaking. Alternate translation: “in the speech of fools” or “that fools say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 26 10 lu8m 0 hires a fool “gives a job to a fool”
|
||||
PRO 26 11 dgd2 0 As a dog returns to his own vomit “As a dog eats its own vomit”
|
||||
PRO 26 10 lu8m 0 hires a fool Alternate translation: “gives a job to a fool”
|
||||
PRO 26 11 dgd2 0 As a dog returns to his own vomit Alternate translation: “As a dog eats its own vomit”
|
||||
PRO 26 12 cxr5 figs-rquestion 0 Do you see someone who is wise in his own eyes? This question is used to lead the reader to think about someone who is wise in his own eyes. The phrase “is wise in his own eyes” means “thinks he is wise,” and here it implies that the person is not truly wise. Alternate translation: “Consider the person who thinks he is wise but is not.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 26 12 n43z 0 There is more hope for a fool than for him “A fool can become wise more easily than he can”
|
||||
PRO 26 12 n43z 0 There is more hope for a fool than for him Alternate translation: “A fool can become wise more easily than he can”
|
||||
PRO 26 13 y1yv 0 The lazy person says, “There is a lion … between the open places!” The lazy person lies and says that he cannot go outside and work because there is a lion on the road or between the open places.
|
||||
PRO 26 13 xyz8 0 There is a lion on the road See how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:13](../22/13.md).
|
||||
PRO 26 13 ufn8 0 the open places This refers to the places in town where there is a lot of room for people to walk around or where people gather. Alternate translation: “the town plazas” or “the streets”
|
||||
PRO 26 14 bfi2 0 hinges metal pieces that attach a door to something and allow it to open and close
|
||||
PRO 26 14 uv1d figs-simile 0 As the door turns on its hinges, so is the lazy person upon his bed Both the door and the lazy person move, but they do not go anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 26 15 j4ce 0 puts his hand into the dish “puts his hand into the dish to get food” or “reaches for food”
|
||||
PRO 26 15 j4ce 0 puts his hand into the dish Alternate translation: “puts his hand into the dish to get food” or “reaches for food”
|
||||
PRO 26 15 x6us figs-hyperbole 0 he has no strength to lift it up to his mouth This is an exaggeration for doing necessary work that would clearly do him good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
PRO 26 16 e6pb figs-metaphor 0 The lazy person is wiser in his own eyes than seven men The phrase “his own eyes” represents his thoughts. Alternate translation: “The lazy person thinks he is wiser than seven men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 26 17 xh36 figs-simile 0 Like one who takes hold of the ears of a dog, is a passerby who becomes angry at a dispute that is not his own This can be reordered. Alternate translation: “A passerby who becomes angry at some other people’s dispute is like a person who grabs hold of a dog’s ears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1629,12 +1629,12 @@ PRO 26 23 s94p figs-metaphor 0 burning lips The word “burning” is a metapho
|
|||
PRO 26 23 p5hf figs-metonymy 0 an evil heart The heart represents a person’s thoughts, attitudes, desires, or feelings. Alternate translation: “evil thoughts” or “evil desires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 26 24 rhg2 figs-metaphor 0 disguises his feelings with his lips Disguising his feelings represents keeping people from knowing what his feelings are. The phrase “his lips” is a metonym for what he says. Alternate translation: “hides his feelings with what he says” or “speaks in such a way that people cannot know his true feelings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 26 24 qu8b figs-metaphor 0 he lays up deceit within himself Being deceitful is spoken of as if he were storing deceit within himself. Possible meanings are that “deceit” refers to lies. Alternate translation: (1) “he likes his many lies” or (2) deceit refers secret plans to harm people. Alternate translation: “he secretly plans to harm people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 26 25 f4gf 0 but do not believe him “but do not believe what he says”
|
||||
PRO 26 25 f4gf 0 but do not believe him Alternate translation: “but do not believe what he says”
|
||||
PRO 26 25 q7ln figs-metaphor 0 for there are seven abominations in his heart The number seven represents completeness. This could mean: (1) “abominations” refers to attitudes that God hates. Alternate translation: “for his heart is completely filled with hateful things” or (2) “abominations” refers to his hatred for people. Alternate translation: “for his heart is completely filled with hatred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 26 26 iv6j figs-activepassive 0 Though his hatred is covered with deception This can be stated actively. Alternate translation: “Though deception covers his hatred” or “Though he covers his hatred with deception” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 26 26 d99d figs-metaphor 0 Though his hatred is covered with deception Keeping people from knowing that he hates them is spoken of as covering his hatred. Alternate translation: “Though he lies to keep people from knowing that he hates them” or “Though he lies so that people will not know that he hates them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 26 26 slh6 figs-metaphor 0 his wickedness will be exposed in the assembly Being exposed represents being discovered or becoming known. Alternate translation: “his wickedness will become known in the assembly” or “the assembly will discover his wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 26 26 d2jn 0 the assembly “the community of Israel”
|
||||
PRO 26 26 d2jn 0 the assembly Alternate translation: “the community of Israel”
|
||||
PRO 26 27 sg61 figs-explicit 0 Whoever digs a pit will fall into it It is implied that the person digs the pit as a trap so that someone will fall into it. Alternate translation: “Whoever digs a pit to trap someone will fall into it” or “If someone digs a pit in order to trap someone, the one who dug it will fall into it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 26 27 nj1w figs-explicit 0 the stone will roll back on the one who pushed it It is implied that the person pushed a large stone so that it would roll downhill and crush someone there. Alternate translation: “if someone pushed a stone so that it would roll downhill and crush someone, the stone will roll back on him instead” or “if someone maked a stone roll so that it would hurt someone, the stone will crush him instead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 26 28 wvw9 figs-synecdoche 0 A lying tongue hates the people it crushes The phrase “a lying tongue” represents a person who tells lies. Crushing people represents causing them trouble. Alternate translation: “A liar hates those he hurts by his lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1648,7 +1648,7 @@ PRO 27 2 jhl7 figs-ellipsis 0 a stranger The words “let praise you” are und
|
|||
PRO 27 3 snl3 figs-metaphor 0 the provocation of a fool is heavier than both The difficulty of being patient with a fool who provokes you is spoken of as if that difficulty were heavy. Alternate translation: “the provocation of a fool is harder to tolerate than either of them” or “It is harder to be patient when a fool provokes you than it is to be patient while carrying them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 27 3 hs8d 0 the provocation of a fool “the trouble caused by a fool.” “Provocation” means actions or words that cause anger or irritation.
|
||||
PRO 27 4 j57v figs-abstractnouns 0 There is the cruelty of rage and the flood of anger, but who is able to stand before jealousy? The abstract nouns “rage”, “anger” and “jealousy” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “A raging person is cruel and an angry person is overwhelming, but who can stand before a jealous person?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 27 4 l3ui 0 cruelty “harshness”
|
||||
PRO 27 4 l3ui 0 cruelty Alternate translation: “harshness”
|
||||
PRO 27 4 srl1 figs-metaphor 0 the flood of anger “the destructiveness of anger.” Anger is spoken of here as if it were a powerful flood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 27 4 nh38 figs-rquestion 0 but who is able to stand before jealousy? This question implies that no one can stand before jealousy. It can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “but no one is able to stand before jealousy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 27 4 inj9 figs-metaphor 0 to stand before jealousy Here standing represents being strong and resisting being harmed by a jealous person who attacks. Alternate translation: “to resist a jealous person” or “to remain strong when a jealous person attacks him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1657,10 +1657,10 @@ PRO 27 5 pz3x figs-abstractnouns 0 than hidden love “than love that is not op
|
|||
PRO 27 6 d5v5 figs-metaphor 0 Faithful are the wounds caused by a friend “The wounds that a friend causes are trustworthy.” The word “wounds” here represents the pain and sadness that a person feels when a friend rebukes or corrects him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 27 6 uw1k figs-metonymy 0 Faithful are the wounds caused by a friend The trustworthiness of a friend’s rebuke is spoken of as if the sadness that his rebuke causes is trustworthy. Alternate translation: “Though it causes sadness, a friend’s rebuke is trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 27 6 wzd4 figs-explicit 0 but an enemy may kiss you profusely It can be stated clearly that the enemy’s kisses are not trustworthy. Alternate translation: “but the enemy’s many kisses are not trustworthy” or “but an enemy may try to deceive you by kissing you profusely” or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 6 d2u7 0 profusely “abundantly” or “too many times”
|
||||
PRO 27 7 diy7 0 A person who has eaten to the full “A person who is satisfied” or “A person who has eaten enough to be full”
|
||||
PRO 27 6 d2u7 0 profusely Alternate translation: “abundantly” or “too many times”
|
||||
PRO 27 7 diy7 0 A person who has eaten to the full Alternate translation: “A person who is satisfied” or “A person who has eaten enough to be full”
|
||||
PRO 27 7 v4fr 0 rejects even a honeycomb A honeycomb would normally be desirable, but not to the person who has already eaten enough to be satisfied.
|
||||
PRO 27 7 aj75 0 every bitter thing is sweet “everything that is bitter tastes sweet”
|
||||
PRO 27 7 aj75 0 every bitter thing is sweet Alternate translation: “everything that is bitter tastes sweet”
|
||||
PRO 27 8 tmr6 figs-simile 0 Like a bird that wanders from its nest is a man who strays from where he lives The words “wanders” and “strays” mean the same thing in this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 27 9 p2m8 0 Perfume The word “perfume” here means a desirable oil or ointment.
|
||||
PRO 27 9 zj6k figs-metonymy 0 make the heart rejoice Here “the heart” represents the feelings or emotions of a person. Alternate translation: “make a person feel joyful” or “make a person glad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1671,26 +1671,26 @@ PRO 27 11 v2t7 figs-metonymy 0 make my heart rejoice Here the “heart” repre
|
|||
PRO 27 11 sv31 figs-explicit 0 then I will give back an answer to the one who mocks me Here “answer” does not mean to answer a question. It means to respond or to reply to someone who is mocking. How this relates to the clause before it can be made clear. AT “then I will reply to the one who mocks me by telling him about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 11 gm95 0 mocks makes fun of someone, especially in a cruel way
|
||||
PRO 27 12 y47t 0 A prudent man sees trouble and hides himself, but the naive people go on and suffer because of it See how you translated a similar phrase in [Proverbs 22:3](../22/03.md).
|
||||
PRO 27 12 jm89 0 A prudent man “A man who is wise” or “A man who has good sense”
|
||||
PRO 27 12 j5th 0 the naive people “the inexperienced and immature people”
|
||||
PRO 27 12 jm89 0 A prudent man Alternate translation: “A man who is wise” or “A man who has good sense”
|
||||
PRO 27 12 j5th 0 the naive people Alternate translation: “the inexperienced and immature people”
|
||||
PRO 27 12 bv11 0 suffer experience something very unpleasant, such as illness, pain, or other hardships
|
||||
PRO 27 13 l1r3 figs-explicit 0 Take a garment of one who has put up security for a stranger When lending money, a lender would take something from the borrower, such as a garment, as a guarantee of repayment. He would return it after the money was repaid. If the borrower was too poor, someone else could give something to the lender as a guarantee for him. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 20:16](../20/16.md). Alternate translation: “Take a garment as security from the one who guarantees that what a stranger has borrowed will be paid back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 13 q6ci figs-idiom 0 who has put up security This means for someone to give something to a lender as a guarantee that what was borrowed will be paid. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 20:16](../20/16.md). Alternate translation: “who has guaranteed that what has been borrowed will be paid back” or “who has promised to pay a loan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 27 13 gvg7 figs-idiom 0 hold it in pledge To “hold something in pledge” means to hold on to something that someone has given as a pledge, or promise, that he will pay a debt. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 20:16](../20/16.md). Alternate translation: “hold onto his coat as a guarantee of repayment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 27 14 xjs1 0 Whoever gives his neighbor a blessing “If anyone gives his neighbor a blessing”
|
||||
PRO 27 14 xjs1 0 Whoever gives his neighbor a blessing Alternate translation: “If anyone gives his neighbor a blessing”
|
||||
PRO 27 14 z5ga figs-activepassive 0 that blessing will be considered to be a curse This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the neighbor will consider that blessing to be a curse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 27 15 bh2v 0 quarreling This means making people angry with each other or causing strong disagreements between people.
|
||||
PRO 27 15 caj9 figs-explicit 0 the constant dripping The implied information is that it is rain that is constantly dripping. Alternate translation: “the constant dripping of rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 15 ldj6 0 a rainy day “a day of continual rain”
|
||||
PRO 27 15 ldj6 0 a rainy day Alternate translation: “a day of continual rain”
|
||||
PRO 27 16 e46j figs-simile 0 restraining her is like restraining the wind, or trying to catch oil in your right hand The implied information is that it is as difficult or useless to try and restrain her as it is to try to restrain the wind or catch oil in your hand (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 16 tfg7 figs-explicit 0 restraining her “holding her back” or “keeping her under control.” The implied information is that it is trying to stop her from quarreling. Alternate translation: “restraining her from quarreling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 16 z86v 0 restraining the wind “holding back the wind” or “keeping the wind under control”
|
||||
PRO 27 16 z86v 0 restraining the wind Alternate translation: “holding back the wind” or “keeping the wind under control”
|
||||
PRO 27 17 w3va figs-simile 0 Iron sharpens iron; in the same way, a man sharpens his friend. These two phrases are comparing how iron and a man can be improved. Alternate translation: “As iron can sharpen another piece of iron, so a man’s character is improved by contact with his friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 27 18 gbr2 0 who tends “who takes care of”
|
||||
PRO 27 18 gbr2 0 who tends Alternate translation: “who takes care of”
|
||||
PRO 27 18 d71d figs-activepassive 0 the one who protects his master will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a master will honor the one who protects him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 27 19 z68a figs-metonymy 0 a person’s heart Here this means a person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “what a person thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 27 20 nv5h translate-names 0 Abaddon This is a name that means “destroyer.” Alternate translation: “the Destroyer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
PRO 27 20 c28l 0 are never satisfied “are never filled up”
|
||||
PRO 27 20 c28l 0 are never satisfied Alternate translation: “are never filled up”
|
||||
PRO 27 20 q6ud figs-metonymy 0 a man’s eyes Here the “eyes” represent a man’s desires. Alternate translation: “a man’s desires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 27 21 c4r4 figs-explicit 0 A crucible is for silver and a furnace is for gold This refers to how gold and silver are refined. A metal is refined by heating it to a high temperature so that it melts and the impurities may be removed. See how you translated the very similar phrase in [Proverbs 17:3](../17/03.md). Alternate translation: “A crucible is used to refine silver and a furnace is used to refine gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 21 eg8j translate-unknown 0 crucible a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1699,67 +1699,67 @@ PRO 27 21 b7qd figs-activepassive 0 a person is tested when he is praised This
|
|||
PRO 27 22 m5zv figs-metaphor 0 Even if you crush a fool … yet his foolishness will not leave him This means that even if a fool is made to suffer hardship or pain (being crushed is often a metaphor for suffering in Hebrew), he will remain foolish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 27 22 ir3k translate-unknown 0 pestle a hard tool with a rounded end, used for crushing things in a bowl (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
PRO 27 23 ixh6 figs-parallelism 0 Be sure you know the condition of your flocks and be concerned about your herds These two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
PRO 27 23 de7k 0 your flocks “flocks of sheep”
|
||||
PRO 27 23 b9bu 0 your herds “herds of goats”
|
||||
PRO 27 23 de7k 0 your flocks Alternate translation: “flocks of sheep”
|
||||
PRO 27 23 b9bu 0 your herds Alternate translation: “herds of goats”
|
||||
PRO 27 24 v1t6 figs-rquestion 0 Does a crown endure for all generations? This question expects a negative answer to make the point that the reign of earthly rulers does not last forever. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “A crown does not endure for all generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 27 24 gu92 figs-metonymy 0 a crown Here “crown” is a metonym for a king’s rule over his kingdom. Alternate translation: “a king’s rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 27 25 n1ai 0 the new growth appears “the new sprouts appear” or “the new grass starts to grow”
|
||||
PRO 27 25 n1ai 0 the new growth appears Alternate translation: “the new sprouts appear” or “the new grass starts to grow”
|
||||
PRO 27 26 ra5w 0 Connecting Statement: Verses 26 and 27 go together with verses 23 to 25 as one proverb.
|
||||
PRO 27 26 dar8 figs-explicit 0 Those lambs will provide your clothing The implied information is that the wool (hair) from the lambs can be used to make clothing. Alternate translation: “The lambs’ wool will provide you with clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 26 j2vp figs-explicit 0 the goats will provide the price of the field The implied information is that the money received by selling the goats will be enough to buy a field. Alternate translation: “selling your goats will provide the price of the field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 27 q28m figs-explicit 0 nourishment for your servant girls The implied information is that there will also be enough goats’ milk to feed the servant girls. Alternate translation: “there will be goat’s milk to nourish your servant girls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 27 27 xjw4 0 nourishment “food”
|
||||
PRO 27 27 xjw4 0 nourishment Alternate translation: “food”
|
||||
PRO 28 intro g91u 0 # Proverbs 28 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 28 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 28 2 b4c7 figs-abstractnouns 0 Because of the transgression of a land The abstract noun “transgression” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Because of how a land transgresses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 2 qks4 figs-metonymy 0 the transgression of a land This is a metonym for the sins of the people living in a land. Alternate translation: “the transgression of the people of a land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 28 2 ivf7 figs-explicit 0 with a man of understanding and knowledge The implied information is that this man is a ruler or leader. The abstract nouns “understanding” and “knowledge” can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “with a man who understands and knows how to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 3 tx2c 0 who oppresses “who severely mistreats”
|
||||
PRO 28 3 tx2c 0 who oppresses Alternate translation: “who severely mistreats”
|
||||
PRO 28 3 pb4k figs-simile 0 like a beating rain that leaves no food The poor man who oppresses other poor people is compared to a rain that falls so hard that it leaves no crop to harvest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
PRO 28 3 p9vx figs-metaphor 0 beating rain This is a metaphor for a rain coming down hard enough to cause crops to be driven down. Alternate translation: “damaging rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 4 z1ah 0 forsake the law “forsake God’s law”
|
||||
PRO 28 4 z1ah 0 forsake the law Alternate translation: “forsake God’s law”
|
||||
PRO 28 4 j98f figs-metaphor 0 those who keep the law To “keep the law” means to do what God’s law requires. Alternate translation: “those who obey God’s law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 4 whf7 figs-metaphor 0 fight against them “struggle against them.” This means to strongly oppose or resist them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 5 pi7r figs-gendernotations 0 Evil men Here “men” means people in general. Alternate translation: “People who do evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
|
||||
PRO 28 5 t38q figs-abstractnouns 0 do not understand justice The abstract noun “justice” can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “do not understand what is just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 5 k5mh figs-metaphor 0 those who seek Yahweh Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 5 ru6t figs-explicit 0 understand everything The implied information is that those who seek Yahweh understand all about justice. Alternate translation: “completely understand what is just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 28 6 q4ty 0 It is better for a poor person … than for a rich person “It is better to be a poor person … than it is to be a rich person”
|
||||
PRO 28 6 q4ty 0 It is better for a poor person … than for a rich person Alternate translation: “It is better to be a poor person … than it is to be a rich person”
|
||||
PRO 28 6 pfi9 figs-metaphor 0 walks in his integrity This represents a person living a life of integrity. The abstract noun “integrity” can be expressed as an adverb. Alternate translation: “walks honestly” or “lives honestly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 6 jdf4 figs-metaphor 0 who is crooked in his ways Rich people who are dishonest are spoken of as if they walk on crooked or twisted paths. Alternate translation: “who is not honest in what he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 7 b5pv figs-metaphor 0 He who keeps the law To “keep the law” means to do what God’s law requires. Alternate translation: “He who obeys God’s law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 7 h42h figs-abstractnouns 0 a son who has understanding The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “a son who understands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 7 rh6n 0 of gluttons “of people who eat too much.” A “glutton” is a person who often eats and drinks excessively.
|
||||
PRO 28 7 q9hm 0 shames his father “puts his father to shame” or “dishonors his father”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 uef7 0 makes his fortune “increases his wealth”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 i36g 0 charging too much interest “charging extra money to borrow”
|
||||
PRO 28 7 q9hm 0 shames his father Alternate translation: “puts his father to shame” or “dishonors his father”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 uef7 0 makes his fortune Alternate translation: “increases his wealth”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 i36g 0 charging too much interest Alternate translation: “charging extra money to borrow”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 tj5f 0 interest money paid by a borrower for the use of someone else’s money
|
||||
PRO 28 8 xz6i 0 gathers his wealth “brings his wealth together”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 e1qz 0 for another “for another person”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 xz6i 0 gathers his wealth Alternate translation: “brings his wealth together”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 e1qz 0 for another Alternate translation: “for another person”
|
||||
PRO 28 8 s7xf 0 pity a strong feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone
|
||||
PRO 28 9 w428 0 If one “If a person”
|
||||
PRO 28 9 w428 0 If one Alternate translation: “If a person”
|
||||
PRO 28 9 s7cf figs-synecdoche 0 turns away his ear from hearing the law This represents the whole person turning away from and rejecting God’s law. Alternate translation: “turns away from hearing and obeying the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 28 9 ztw6 figs-activepassive 0 even his prayer is detestable “even his prayer is offensive to God.” This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “God detests even his prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 9 a3bi 0 detestable See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).
|
||||
PRO 28 10 hgy2 figs-metaphor 0 Whoever misleads the upright into an evil way This is a metaphor for leading upright people in an evil direction. Alternate translation: “Whoever causes the upright to go in an evil direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 10 pv8z 0 Whoever misleads … evil way will fall “If anyone misleads … evil way, he will fall”
|
||||
PRO 28 10 pv8z 0 Whoever misleads … evil way will fall Alternate translation: “If anyone misleads … evil way, he will fall”
|
||||
PRO 28 10 m6rz figs-nominaladj 0 the upright This refers to upright persons in general. Alternate translation: “upright persons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 28 10 tw7h figs-metaphor 0 will fall into his own pit “will fall into the trap that he has dug.” This is a metaphor for ending up in the same bad place as others had been led toward. Alternate translation: “will end up in the same evil place toward which he guided other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 10 yg55 figs-nominaladj 0 the blameless This refers to blameless persons in general. Alternate translation: “blameless persons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 28 10 w756 0 will have a good inheritance “will inherit what is good”
|
||||
PRO 28 10 w756 0 will have a good inheritance Alternate translation: “will inherit what is good”
|
||||
PRO 28 11 eg7v figs-metaphor 0 be wise in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “be wise in his own thoughts” or “think he is wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 11 pj9j figs-abstractnouns 0 who has understanding The abstract noun “understanding” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “who understands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 11 ynr5 figs-idiom 0 will find him out This is an idiom that means the poor person will be able to determine whether or not the rich person is really wise. Alternate translation: “will see his true nature” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 12 qew3 0 When the righteous triumph “When righteous people succeed”
|
||||
PRO 28 12 qew3 0 When the righteous triumph Alternate translation: “When righteous people succeed”
|
||||
PRO 28 12 zkn5 figs-idiom 0 when the wicked arise This is an idiom that means when the wicked gain power or start to rule. Alternate translation: “when the wicked rise to power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 12 emq6 figs-nominaladj 0 the wicked This refers to wicked people in general. Alternate translation: “wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 28 12 g949 figs-explicit 0 people are sought out You may need to make explicit that those who “are sought out” have hidden themselves to escape from the wicked. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they seek people out” or “they seek out the people who hide from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 13 h8gm figs-metaphor 0 hides his sins “covers his sins.” This is the opposite of confessing and forsaking sins, and is spoken of as covering sins rather than bringing them into the open (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 13 e7kw 0 will not prosper “will not succeed” or “will not advance”
|
||||
PRO 28 13 e7kw 0 will not prosper Alternate translation: “will not succeed” or “will not advance”
|
||||
PRO 28 13 m9fz figs-activepassive 0 the one who confesses them and forsakes them will be shown mercy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will show mercy to the one who confesses and forsakes them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 14 nh5t figs-activepassive 0 The one who always lives with reverence is blessed This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bless the one who always lives with reverence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 14 ffn2 figs-abstractnouns 0 lives with reverence The abstract noun “reverence” can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “lives a reverent life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 14 ijf7 0 reverence This refers to deeply respecting Yahweh and showing that respect by obeying him.
|
||||
PRO 28 14 ymm8 0 whoever hardens his heart “the one who hardens his heart”
|
||||
PRO 28 14 ymm8 0 whoever hardens his heart Alternate translation: “the one who hardens his heart”
|
||||
PRO 28 14 ebu1 figs-idiom 0 hardens his heart This is an idiom that means to be stubborn or unwilling to obey God. Alternate translation: “refuses to obey God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 14 l7ee figs-metaphor 0 will fall into trouble This represents ending up in misery and distress. Alternate translation: “will end up in trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 15 z8ti figs-simile 0 Like a roaring lion or a charging bear is a wicked ruler over poor people Poor people who are helpless against an evil ruler are compared to people who have a lion roaring at them or a bear attacking them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1772,39 +1772,39 @@ PRO 28 17 rm8g figs-metonymy 0 he has shed someone’s blood Here “blood” r
|
|||
PRO 28 17 v592 0 fugitive a person who is running away to avoid being captured
|
||||
PRO 28 17 iz6w figs-idiom 0 until death “until he dies.” This means for the rest of his life. Alternate translation: “all of his life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 18 nhr1 figs-activepassive 0 Whoever walks with integrity will be kept safe This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God will keep safe anyone who walks with integrity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 18 u4m5 0 Whoever “Anyone who”
|
||||
PRO 28 18 u4m5 0 Whoever Alternate translation: “Anyone who”
|
||||
PRO 28 18 f45f figs-metaphor 0 walks with integrity This represents a person living a life of integrity. The abstract noun “integrity” can be expressed as an adverb. Alternate translation: “walks honestly” or “lives honestly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 18 kvc6 figs-metaphor 0 the one whose way is crooked A dishonest person is spoken of as if he walks on crooked or twisted paths. Alternate translation: “the one who does not live honestly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 18 x79a figs-metaphor 0 will suddenly fall What will happen to a dishonest person is spoken of as if he suddenly fell down. Alternate translation: “will suddenly be ruined” or “will suddenly perish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 19 dlk7 0 works his land This means to till, sow, and care for his crops.
|
||||
PRO 28 19 uq9z 0 whoever follows “anyone who follows”
|
||||
PRO 28 19 uq9z 0 whoever follows Alternate translation: “anyone who follows”
|
||||
PRO 28 19 t64p figs-idiom 0 follows worthless pursuits “chases after worthless projects.” The person who is busy doing things that do not produce anything is spoken of as chasing after useless things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 19 b8y8 figs-irony 0 will have plenty of poverty The person following worthless pursuits is spoken of as getting the opposite of plenty of food. The abstract noun “poverty” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “will be very poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 20 ix4q figs-litotes 0 the one who gets rich quickly will not go unpunished The double negative “will not go unpunished” is used for emphasis. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will certainly punish the one who gets rich quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 20 nt6p figs-explicit 0 the one who gets rich quickly The implied information is that this person gains wealth by unfaithful or dishonest means. Alternate translation: “the one who tries to get rich quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 28 21 kg9c figs-hyperbole 0 for a piece of bread a man will do wrong “A piece of bread” here is an exaggeration for a very small bribe or reward. Alternate translation: “a man will sin for very little gain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
PRO 28 21 phu7 0 do wrong “sin”
|
||||
PRO 28 21 phu7 0 do wrong Alternate translation: “sin”
|
||||
PRO 28 22 v63d 0 A stingy man “A selfish man.” This is a person who does not like to share his possessions or spend money.
|
||||
PRO 28 22 f7a8 figs-idiom 0 hurries after riches The stingy man is spoken of as if he was chasing after wealth. Alternate translation: “is greedy for riches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 22 mz2h figs-idiom 0 poverty will come upon him The result of being stingy is spoken of as if poverty was overtaking the stingy person. The abstract noun “poverty” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “he will suddenly become poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 23 sr8r figs-activepassive 0 Whoever disciplines someone, afterward will find more favor from him than from the one who flatters him with his tongue This can be stated in active form, with the abstract noun “favor” being expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “A person will favor the one who disciplines him more than he favors the person who flatters him with his tongue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 28 23 q2x8 0 Whoever disciplines “If a person disciplines”
|
||||
PRO 28 23 q2x8 0 Whoever disciplines Alternate translation: “If a person disciplines”
|
||||
PRO 28 23 hi86 0 disciplines trains people to obey a set of guidelines for moral behavior
|
||||
PRO 28 23 k6hl figs-metonymy 0 flatters him with his tongue The tongue here represents speaking. Alternate translation: “flatters him with words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 28 23 l9i1 0 flatters praises someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praises someone about things that are not true
|
||||
PRO 28 24 xcp2 0 Whoever robs “The one who robs”
|
||||
PRO 28 24 xcp2 0 Whoever robs Alternate translation: “The one who robs”
|
||||
PRO 28 24 qt94 figs-quotations 0 says, “That is no sin,” he This can be expressed as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “says that it is not a sin, he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
PRO 28 24 ie7m figs-idiom 0 the companion of Possible meanings are: (1) “the friend of” or (2) an idiom that means having the same character as. Alternate translation: “the same kind of person as” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 25 e3ce 0 A greedy man a person who selfishly wants more things, money or food than what he needs
|
||||
PRO 28 25 bkj4 figs-metaphor 0 stirs up conflict The action of the greedy man is spoken of as if he were stirring up or awakening conflict. Alternate translation: “causes conflict” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 28 26 pnc4 figs-synecdoche 0 One who trusts in his own heart Depending on one’s self is spoken of as trusting in one’s own heart. Alternate translation: “The person who relies on himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 28 26 dyj3 0 whoever walks “any person who walks”
|
||||
PRO 28 26 dyj3 0 whoever walks Alternate translation: “any person who walks”
|
||||
PRO 28 26 g7hy figs-idiom 0 walks in wisdom This could mean: (1) this is an idiom that means to live wisely. Alternate translation: “lives wisely” or (2) this is an idiom that means to follow the teachings of wise people. Alternate translation: “follows wise teachings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 27 yhn4 0 The one “The person”
|
||||
PRO 28 27 yhn4 0 The one Alternate translation: “The person”
|
||||
PRO 28 27 y6e6 figs-nominaladj 0 the poor This refers to poor people in general. Alternate translation: “poor people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
PRO 28 27 iwx5 figs-litotes 0 lack nothing This double negative is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “have everything they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 28 27 ykd8 figs-activepassive 0 whoever closes his eyes to them will receive many curses This can be stated in active form. This could mean: (1) they will receive many curses from the poor. Alternate translation: “the poor will give many curses to whoever closes his eyes to them” or (2) they will receive many curses from people in general. Alternate translation: “people will give many curses to whoever closes his eyes to the poor” or (3) they will receive many curses from God. Alternate translation: “God will give many curses to whoever closes his eyes to the poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 28 27 cgl4 0 whoever closes “anyone who closes”
|
||||
PRO 28 27 cgl4 0 whoever closes Alternate translation: “anyone who closes”
|
||||
PRO 28 27 x8x1 figs-metonymy 0 closes his eyes to Closing the eyes represents not responding to the needs of the poor. Alternate translation: “ignores” or “chooses not to help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 28 28 ku38 figs-idiom 0 When the wicked arise This is an idiom that means when wicked people gain power or start to rule. Alternate translation: “When wicked people rise to power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 28 28 xc51 figs-hyperbole 0 people hide themselves This is an exaggeration for doing everything they can to avoid having wicked people harm them. Alternate translation: “people go into hiding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1824,7 +1824,7 @@ PRO 29 8 vcu6 figs-idiom 0 turn away wrath This idiom means to cause angry peop
|
|||
PRO 29 9 el5g 0 has an argument with Another possible meaning is “goes to court against.”
|
||||
PRO 29 9 tzx7 0 he rages and laughs The fool becomes very angry and tries to keep the wise person from speaking or the court judge from judging.
|
||||
PRO 29 9 kn5t 0 rages This means to be loud and excited and to move with powerful movements like a strong storm. This is a negative word.
|
||||
PRO 29 9 qmv5 0 there will be no rest “they will not be able to settle the problem”
|
||||
PRO 29 9 qmv5 0 there will be no rest Alternate translation: “they will not be able to settle the problem”
|
||||
PRO 29 10 jbu4 figs-idiom 0 seek the life of This idiom means to “want to kill.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 29 12 ui7k 0 pays attention “listens.” See how you translated this in [Proverbs 17:4](../17/04.md).
|
||||
PRO 29 12 b9es figs-metaphor 0 all his officials will be wicked The actions of the ruler are spoken of by stating the result they will cause. Alternate translation: “it is as if he is teaching his officials to be wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1839,13 +1839,13 @@ PRO 29 16 ha78 figs-abstractnouns 0 the downfall of those wicked people The abs
|
|||
PRO 29 18 s41b figs-activepassive 0 the one who keeps the law is blessed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bless the one who keeps the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 29 19 kl1y figs-activepassive 0 A slave will not be corrected by words This can be translated in active form.”You will not be able to correct a slave simply by talking to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 29 20 qfr9 figs-rquestion 0 See a man who is hasty in his words? The writer is using a question to get the reader’s attention. Alternate translation: “You should notice what happens to a man who is hasty in his words.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 29 21 k1j6 0 who pampers his slave “who allows his slave to avoid work and who treats his slave better than he treats other slaves”
|
||||
PRO 29 21 qas4 0 at the end of it “at the end of the slave’s youth” or “when the slave is grown”
|
||||
PRO 29 21 k1j6 0 who pampers his slave Alternate translation: “who allows his slave to avoid work and who treats his slave better than he treats other slaves”
|
||||
PRO 29 21 qas4 0 at the end of it Alternate translation: “at the end of the slave’s youth” or “when the slave is grown”
|
||||
PRO 29 21 qs95 0 there will be trouble These words translate a Hebrew word whose meaning no one knows for sure. Some understand it to mean that the slave will be weak, others that the slave will rule the household.
|
||||
PRO 29 22 s7ha figs-metaphor 0 stirs up strife Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. The abstract noun “strife” can be stated as “argue.” See how you translated similar words in [Proverbs 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” or “causes people to argue and fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 29 22 ad7m figs-idiom 0 a master of rage This idiom means “a person who becomes angry easily.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 29 23 z268 figs-activepassive 0 one who has a humble spirit will be given honor This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “men will give honor to a person who has a humble spirit” or “a person who has a humble spirit will receive honor from men” or “Yahweh will cause men to honor a person who has a humble spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 29 24 jpz1 0 hates his own life “becomes his own enemy”
|
||||
PRO 29 24 jpz1 0 hates his own life Alternate translation: “becomes his own enemy”
|
||||
PRO 29 24 ej5k figs-explicit 0 he hears the curse and says nothing This could mean: (1) people have put the “one who shares with a thief” under oath to tell the truth about what he knows about what the thief stole, and he knows he will be punished if he tells the truth. Alternate translation: “he does not dare to testify under oath” or (2) people do not know who the thief is but they call on God to curse the thief, and the “one who shares” is afraid to confess and so come out from under the curse because he is afraid of the thief. Alternate translation: “he says nothing even after people have cursed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 29 25 t7d5 figs-metaphor 0 The fear of man makes a snare Being afraid of what other people might do is spoken of as stepping into a trap. Alternate translation: “Anyone who is afraid of what other people might do to him is like a person who has become snared in a trap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 29 25 k5l2 0 a snare a trap that catches animals with ropes
|
||||
|
|
@ -1856,9 +1856,9 @@ PRO 29 27 c4s9 0 detestable a person who should be hated. See how you translat
|
|||
PRO 30 intro aud8 0 # Proverbs 30 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 30 is a chapter in Proverbs attributed to Agur, who is a person otherwise unknown.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Agur<br><br>His full title is Agur, Son of Jakeh. Agur comes from a Hebrew word that means “gatherer” and so some scholars believe this is not a real name, but possibly a way of referring to Solomon as a gatherer of proverbs. However, it is still prudent to simply use this as a name.<br><br>### Three things and four<br><br>From verses 15 through 32, the author uses a specific technique to explain some things. He says there are three things and even four and lists items that exemplify a feature like “small and yet wise.” The numbering is not meant to be so literal, but as a memory device that introduces the items. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])<br><br>### Themes<br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
PRO 30 1 u8l9 translate-names 0 Agur … Jakeh … Ithiel … Ucal These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
PRO 30 1 v8qt 0 Agur son of Jakeh This is the literal son of Jakeh, not a grandchild.
|
||||
PRO 30 1 ic3d 0 the utterance “the message”
|
||||
PRO 30 1 y7qf 0 to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal “to Ithiel—that is, to Ithiel and Ucal”
|
||||
PRO 30 2 n4d9 0 Surely “Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
|
||||
PRO 30 1 ic3d 0 the utterance Alternate translation: “the message”
|
||||
PRO 30 1 y7qf 0 to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal Alternate translation: “to Ithiel—that is, to Ithiel and Ucal”
|
||||
PRO 30 2 n4d9 0 Surely Alternate translation: “Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
|
||||
PRO 30 2 ij38 figs-abstractnouns 0 I do not have the understanding of a human being The abstract noun “understanding” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I do not understand anything the way human beings are supposed to understand them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 30 3 ln5f figs-abstractnouns 0 nor do I have knowledge of the Holy One The abstract noun “knowledge” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “nor do I really know anything about the Holy One” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 30 4 kw1a figs-rquestion 0 Who has … down? Who has … hands? Who has … cloak? Who has … earth? The writer asks these questions to get the reader thinking about how much greater Yahweh is than people. Alternate translation: “No person has ever … down. No person has ever … hands. No person has ever … cloak. No person has ever … earth.” or “Who has … down? Who has … hands? Who has … cloak? Who has … earth? No one has ever done any of these things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1866,7 +1866,7 @@ PRO 30 4 eb1b 0 heaven where God lives
|
|||
PRO 30 4 bz7z figs-metaphor 0 gathered up the wind in the hollow of his hands The writer speaks of the wind as if it were something that a person could catch and hold in his hand. Alternate translation: “has caught the wind in his hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 30 4 g4i7 0 the hollow of his hands the way his hands are shaped when he is scooping up, for example, water or sand. “his cupped hands”
|
||||
PRO 30 4 l4kf 0 gathered up brought small scattered objects into a pile so they can be lifted
|
||||
PRO 30 4 rce5 0 has established all the ends of the earth “has set up the limits for where the earth ends” or “has marked the boundaries for the ends of the earth”
|
||||
PRO 30 4 rce5 0 has established all the ends of the earth Alternate translation: “has set up the limits for where the earth ends” or “has marked the boundaries for the ends of the earth”
|
||||
PRO 30 4 t7g1 figs-rquestion 0 What is his name, and what is the name of his son? The writer uses these questions to command the reader to give an answer. Alternate translation: “Tell me his name and the name of his son, if you know them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 30 4 jv39 figs-irony 0 Surely you know! The writer uses irony to show that neither he nor the reader know any person who can do what the “who” in the earlier questions can do. Alternate translation: “I do not think you really know anyone who can do those things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
PRO 30 5 mna2 figs-metaphor 0 is tested Words are spoken of as if they were metals that need someone to clean the bad parts out of them. Alternate translation: “is like a precious metal from which someone has removed all the useless material” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1878,13 +1878,13 @@ PRO 30 8 jw32 0 vanity false, useless words
|
|||
PRO 30 8 wk6q figs-metaphor 0 Give me neither poverty nor riches The writer speaks as if “poverty” and “riches” were physical objects that someone could give to another. They are also abstract nouns that can be stated as “poor” and “rich.” Alternate translation: “Do not allow me to be either very poor or very rich” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 30 9 vrk2 figs-hypo 0 if I have too much, I might deny you and say This describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes rich. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
PRO 30 9 t24i figs-hypo 0 if I become poor, I might steal and profane This describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
PRO 30 9 f4ah 0 I might steal and profane the name of my God “I might make people who know that I have stolen things think that there is no God” or “I might harm God’s reputation by stealing”
|
||||
PRO 30 9 f4ah 0 I might steal and profane the name of my God Alternate translation: “I might make people who know that I have stolen things think that there is no God” or “I might harm God’s reputation by stealing”
|
||||
PRO 30 10 rz4a 0 slander speak falsely about another person with the desire to harm him
|
||||
PRO 30 10 ycc9 0 he will curse “the servant will curse”
|
||||
PRO 30 10 ycc9 0 he will curse Alternate translation: “the servant will curse”
|
||||
PRO 30 10 u5fu figs-activepassive 0 you will be held guilty This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will hold you guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 30 11 sz6e 0 a generation that curses … and does not bless “a generation of people who curse … and do not bless”
|
||||
PRO 30 11 sz6e 0 a generation that curses … and does not bless Alternate translation: “a generation of people who curse … and do not bless”
|
||||
PRO 30 11 z4bb 0 generation type or class or group
|
||||
PRO 30 12 h8cq 0 a generation that is “a generation of people that are”
|
||||
PRO 30 12 h8cq 0 a generation that is Alternate translation: “a generation of people that are”
|
||||
PRO 30 12 dp6p figs-metaphor 0 is pure in their own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “considers themselves pure” or “believes they are pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 30 12 re7r figs-metaphor 0 they are not washed of their filth The words “washed” and “filth” speak of God forgiving people who sin as if he were washing physical filth off of the people. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has not forgiven them of their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 30 12 fyp5 0 filth This should be translated with a polite term that includes human or animal vomit and waste.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1893,7 +1893,7 @@ PRO 30 14 zca7 figs-metaphor 0 There is a generation whose teeth are swords, an
|
|||
PRO 30 14 z22j 0 jawbones the bones of the face where teeth grow
|
||||
PRO 30 15 yr92 figs-metaphor 0 The leech has two daughters This is an example of something that always wants more. Alternate translation: “Greed has two daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
PRO 30 15 ik61 0 leech a type of worm that attaches itself to the skin and sucks blood
|
||||
PRO 30 15 n8v6 0 “Give and give” they cry Another possible meaning is “and they are both named Give Me.”
|
||||
PRO 30 15 n8v6 0 Another possible meaning is “and they are both named Give Me.” Alternate translation: “Give and give”
|
||||
PRO 30 15 snu6 writing-poetry 0 There are three things that are never satisfied, four that never say, “Enough” This use of the numbers “three” and “four” together here is likely a poetic device. Alternate translation: “There are four things that are never satisfied, who never say, ‘Enough’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
PRO 30 15 xlu4 figs-litotes 0 are never satisfied This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “always want more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 30 16 d8p5 figs-personification 0 land that is never satisfied with water Land that is no longer producing food because there has been no rain is spoken of as if it were a person who does not have enough water to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1923,16 +1923,16 @@ PRO 31 2 ag7f 0 my son … son of my womb … son of my vows The speaker wants
|
|||
PRO 31 2 ye5f 0 son of my womb The womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the body part in which babies grow before they are born.
|
||||
PRO 31 2 p2hh 0 son of my vows Here, **vows** could mean: (1) the mother’s marriage vows or (2) a vow after she married that if God allowed her to have a child she would dedicate him to God.
|
||||
PRO 31 3 irw8 0 Do not give your strength to women “Do not work hard trying to have sex with women,” either outside of marriage or with concubines.
|
||||
PRO 31 3 tuq5 0 or your ways to those who destroy kings “or allow those who destroy kings to advise you”
|
||||
PRO 31 3 tuq5 0 or your ways to those who destroy kings Alternate translation: “or allow those who destroy kings to advise you”
|
||||
PRO 31 3 j3yt 0 your ways This could mean: (1) “the way you live your life” or (2) “the work you do”
|
||||
PRO 31 3 v8um 0 those who destroy kings probably the immoral “women” to whom he is not to give his strength
|
||||
PRO 31 4 s8mw 0 Lemuel This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:1](../31/01.md).
|
||||
PRO 31 5 ex8n figs-activepassive 0 what has been decreed This can be translated in active form. This could mean: (1) “what God has decreed” or (2) “what the kings themselves have decreed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
PRO 31 5 w2jv 0 pervert the rights of all the afflicted “deny afflicted people their legal rights”
|
||||
PRO 31 5 w2jv 0 pervert the rights of all the afflicted Alternate translation: “deny afflicted people their legal rights”
|
||||
PRO 31 5 y3ds 0 pervert exchange good for evil
|
||||
PRO 31 5 mdn6 0 all the afflicted “all those people whom others wrongfully harm”
|
||||
PRO 31 5 mdn6 0 all the afflicted Alternate translation: “all those people whom others wrongfully harm”
|
||||
PRO 31 6 q63s figs-ellipsis 0 and wine The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “and give wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 31 6 i7g7 0 in bitter distress “who’s souls are bitter” or “who are in misery”
|
||||
PRO 31 6 i7g7 0 in bitter distress Alternate translation: “who’s souls are bitter” or “who are in misery”
|
||||
PRO 31 7 f15v figs-abstractnouns 0 his poverty The abstract noun “poverty” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “how poor he is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 31 7 cb4b figs-abstractnouns 0 his trouble The abstract noun “trouble” can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: “the bad things that are happening to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 31 8 r3tl figs-idiom 0 Speak for those who cannot speak Speaking is a metonym for using words to defend innocent people. Alternate translation: “Defend those who cannot defend themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -1940,16 +1940,16 @@ PRO 31 8 mxp7 figs-metonymy 0 for the causes of all who are perishing The cause
|
|||
PRO 31 8 e1y9 figs-ellipsis 0 for the causes The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “speak for the causes” or “speak out for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
PRO 31 9 yc2m figs-doublet 0 poor and needy people These two words have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “people who are poor and cannot get the things that they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
PRO 31 10 ufh2 figs-rquestion 0 Who can find a capable wife? The writer asks a question to show that he is beginning a new section. Alternate translation: “Not many men can find a capable wife.” or “Not many men can find a wife who is able to do many things well.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
PRO 31 10 v97s 0 Her value is far more than jewels “She is more precious than jewels”
|
||||
PRO 31 10 v97s 0 Her value is far more than jewels Alternate translation: “She is more precious than jewels”
|
||||
PRO 31 11 i7un figs-litotes 0 he will never be poor This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “he will always have what he needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
PRO 31 13 usy5 0 wool sheep’s hair that is used to make cloth
|
||||
PRO 31 13 xs1v 0 flax a plant whose fiber is used to make linen
|
||||
PRO 31 13 n9qr 0 with the delight of her hands Possible meanings are that the word **delight** describes: (1) how she feels as she works, “gladly with her hands,” or (2) how she feels about the wool and flax, “with her hands on things that she enjoys working with”
|
||||
PRO 31 14 h984 0 merchant someone who buys and sells
|
||||
PRO 31 15 ry3t 0 distributes the work for her female servants “tells her female servants what work each of them is to do that day”
|
||||
PRO 31 15 ry3t 0 distributes the work for her female servants Alternate translation: “tells her female servants what work each of them is to do that day”
|
||||
PRO 31 16 fgc9 figs-metaphor 0 the fruit of her hands The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the money she has earned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
PRO 31 17 vv53 figs-idiom 0 She dresses herself with strength Putting on clothes is a metonym for preparing for work. Alternate translation: “She prepares herself for hard physical work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
PRO 31 17 fn86 0 makes her arms strong “she strengthens her arms by doing her work”
|
||||
PRO 31 17 fn86 0 makes her arms strong Alternate translation: “she strengthens her arms by doing her work”
|
||||
PRO 31 18 d4np 0 perceives sees by looking carefully
|
||||
PRO 31 18 jpw6 figs-hyperbole 0 all night long her lamp is not extinguished This is probably an exaggeration: she works late into the night, but not from dusk to dawn. Alternate translation: “She burns a lamp through the night as she works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
PRO 31 19 d3iv 0 spindle a thin rod or stick with pointed ends that is used in making thread
|
||||
|
|
@ -1971,7 +1971,7 @@ PRO 31 27 ynb8 figs-idiom 0 does not eat the bread of idleness To “eat the br
|
|||
PRO 31 27 j79l 0 idleness doing nothing and being lazy
|
||||
PRO 31 28 hq5u figs-metonymy 0 rise up and This could mean: (1) literally “stand up and” or (2) as a metonym, “actively.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
PRO 31 28 lqv2 figs-quotations 0 call her blessed saying that good things have happened to her because she has done good things. This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “congratulate her” or “say, ‘Yay, Mom!’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
PRO 31 29 fl85 0 you surpassed “you have done better than”
|
||||
PRO 31 29 fl85 0 you surpassed Alternate translation: “you have done better than”
|
||||
PRO 31 30 e8cj figs-abstractnouns 0 Elegance is deceptive The abstract noun “elegance” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “A gracious woman can deceive people” or “A woman with good manners could really be evil” See how you translated this in [Proverbs 11:16](../11/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 31 30 qcq1 figs-abstractnouns 0 beauty is vain The abstract noun “beauty” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “a woman who is beautiful now will not always be beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
PRO 31 30 k9e4 figs-activepassive 0 she will be praised This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will praise her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
124
en_tn_21-ECC.tsv
124
en_tn_21-ECC.tsv
|
|
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ ECC 1 11 si4s figs-activepassive 0 will not likely be remembered either This ca
|
|||
ECC 1 13 mk1h figs-synecdoche 0 I applied my mind Here the author refers to himself by his “mind” to emphasize his thoughts. Alternate translation: “I determined” or “I applied myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 1 13 at9z figs-doublet 0 to study and to search out These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how diligently he studied. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 1 13 l4hf figs-explicit 0 under heaven This refers to things that are done on earth. Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 1 13 a36k 0 children of mankind “human beings”
|
||||
ECC 1 13 a36k 0 children of mankind Alternate translation: “human beings”
|
||||
ECC 1 14 d4rw figs-activepassive 0 all the deeds that are done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that people do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 1 14 h2f6 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 1 14 fw3m figs-idiom 0 look The author uses this word to draw attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “indeed” or “really” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ ECC 2 3 pim6 figs-metaphor 0 I explored in my heart This speaks of thinking har
|
|||
ECC 2 3 qyb2 figs-abstractnouns 0 to gratify my desires with wine The word “desires” may be expressed as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “to use wine to make myself happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ECC 2 3 ce8x figs-personification 0 I let my mind guide me with wisdom Here the author speaks of using the wisdom that he had been taught to guide himself as if this wisdom were a person who guided him. Alternate translation: “I thought about the things that wise people had taught me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ECC 2 3 t4xm figs-explicit 0 under heaven This refers to things that are done on earth. Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 2 3 dp1p 0 during the days of their lives “during the time that they are alive”
|
||||
ECC 2 3 dp1p 0 during the days of their lives Alternate translation: “during the time that they are alive”
|
||||
ECC 2 4 l8k8 figs-metonymy 0 I built houses for myself and planted vineyards The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate translation: “I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 2 5 b7j9 figs-metonymy 0 I built for myself gardens and parks; I planted The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate translation: “I had people build for me gardens and parks; I had them plant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 2 5 ju37 figs-doublet 0 gardens and parks These two words share similar meanings and refer to beautiful orchards of fruit trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 2 6 s54k figs-metonymy 0 I created The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate translation: “I had them create” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 2 6 f5w7 0 to water a forest “to provide water for a forest”
|
||||
ECC 2 6 f5w7 0 to water a forest Alternate translation: “to provide water for a forest”
|
||||
ECC 2 6 yp4p figs-activepassive 0 forest where trees were grown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “forest where trees grew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 2 7 apg7 0 I had slaves born in my palace “I had slaves that were born in my palace” or “My slaves bore children and they also were my slaves”
|
||||
ECC 2 7 apg7 0 I had slaves born in my palace Alternate translation: “I had slaves that were born in my palace” or “My slaves bore children and they also were my slaves”
|
||||
ECC 2 7 ux74 figs-ellipsis 0 much more than any king The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “much more than any other king had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ECC 2 8 n6xa figs-explicit 0 the treasures of kings and provinces This refers to the gold and other wealth that neighboring countries were forced to pay to the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “that I acquired from the treasures of kings and the rulers of provinces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 2 8 z349 figs-metonymy 0 provinces Here “provinces” represents the rulers of the provinces. Alternate translation: “the rulers of provinces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ ECC 2 11 p9rs figs-synecdoche 0 all the deeds that my hands had accomplished He
|
|||
ECC 2 11 s4rm figs-parallelism 0 vapor … an attempt to shepherd the wind These two phrases are both metaphors that emphasize the idea of things being useless and futile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 2 11 bmh2 figs-metaphor 0 vapor “mist.” The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were “vapor.” See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 11 g17w figs-metaphor 0 an attempt to shepherd the wind The author says that everything that people do is as useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “are as useless as trying to control the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 11 ce6q 0 There was no profit under the sun in it “But it had no profit under the sun”
|
||||
ECC 2 11 ce6q 0 There was no profit under the sun in it Alternate translation: “But it had no profit under the sun”
|
||||
ECC 2 11 wz2f figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 2 12 l7xp figs-doublet 0 madness and folly The words “madness” and “folly” have similar meanings and refer to foolish thinking and behavior, respectively. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 2 12 u6br figs-rquestion 0 For what can the next king do who comes after the king, which has not already been done? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize his point that the next king will not be able to do anything more valuable that what he had already done. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “For the next king who comes after the king can do nothing that a king before him has not already done.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 2 12 f76d 0 the next king … who comes after the king “the king … who succeeds the current king” or “the next king … who comes after me”
|
||||
ECC 2 12 f76d 0 the next king … who comes after the king Alternate translation: “the king … who succeeds the current king” or “the next king … who comes after me”
|
||||
ECC 2 13 p1yi figs-simile 0 wisdom has advantages over folly, just as light is better than darkness This speaks of how wisdom is better than folly by comparing it to how light is better than darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 2 14 ml2f figs-metaphor 0 The wise man uses his eyes in his head to see where he is going This speaks of a wise man making wise decisions as walking and paying attention to where he is going. Alternate translation: “The wise man is like a person who uses his eyes to see where he is going” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 14 dub9 figs-idiom 0 uses his eyes in his head to see This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “pays attention and looks to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -83,22 +83,22 @@ ECC 2 15 b6qt figs-metaphor 0 is only vapor “is only mist.” The author spea
|
|||
ECC 2 16 ybg8 figs-activepassive 0 For the wise man, like the fool, is not remembered for very long This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People do not remember the wise man for very long, just as they do not remember the fool for very long” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 2 16 h7gz figs-activepassive 0 everything will have been long forgotten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will have long forgotten everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 2 17 few8 figs-activepassive 0 all the work done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the work that people do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 2 17 sek4 0 was evil to me “troubled me”
|
||||
ECC 2 17 sek4 0 was evil to me Alternate translation: “troubled me”
|
||||
ECC 2 17 l4jf figs-parallelism 0 vapor … an attempt to shepherd the wind These two phrases are both metaphors that emphasize the idea of things being useless and futile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 2 17 a874 figs-metaphor 0 vapor “mist.” The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were “vapor.” See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 17 i7pa figs-metaphor 0 an attempt to shepherd the wind The author says everything that people do is as useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as trying to control the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 17 y4bh figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 2 18 cl3k 0 to the man who comes after me “to the man who inherits it after me”
|
||||
ECC 2 18 cl3k 0 to the man who comes after me Alternate translation: “to the man who inherits it after me”
|
||||
ECC 2 19 gjx9 figs-rquestion 0 For who knows whether he will be a wise man or a fool? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one knows the character the man who will inherit his wealth. Alternate translation: “For no one knows whether he will be a wise man or a fool.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 2 19 je2l 0 he will be The word “he” refers to the author’s heir.
|
||||
ECC 2 19 eb64 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 2 19 w9z7 figs-metonymy 0 that my work and wisdom have built Here the author’s “work” and “wisdom” represent himself and the things he did in his wisdom. He probably had help with the literal buildings. Alternate translation: “that I worked very hard and wisely to build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 2 19 ud4a figs-metaphor 0 vapor The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were mist. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 20 gs18 figs-synecdoche 0 my heart began to despair Here the author refers to himself by his “heart” to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: “I began to despair” or “I began to lose all hope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 2 21 j6ge 0 who works with wisdom, with knowledge, and skill “who works wisely and skillfully, using the things that he has learned”
|
||||
ECC 2 21 y72q 0 who has not made any of it “who has not worked for any of it”
|
||||
ECC 2 21 j6ge 0 who works with wisdom, with knowledge, and skill Alternate translation: “who works wisely and skillfully, using the things that he has learned”
|
||||
ECC 2 21 y72q 0 who has not made any of it Alternate translation: “who has not worked for any of it”
|
||||
ECC 2 21 klw5 figs-metaphor 0 vapor The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were mist. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 2 21 j6ur 0 a great tragedy “a great disaster”
|
||||
ECC 2 21 j6ur 0 a great tragedy Alternate translation: “a great disaster”
|
||||
ECC 2 22 k62m figs-rquestion 0 For what profit does the person gain who works so hard and tries in his heart to complete his labors under the sun? The author uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that the man who works hard gains nothing. Translate “what profit does … gain” as you did in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “For the person who works so hard and tries in his heart to complete his labors under the sun gains nothing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 2 22 g69d figs-parallelism 0 works so hard and tries in his heart These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how strenuously the person works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 2 22 t8lp figs-idiom 0 tries in his heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “tries anxiously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -124,19 +124,19 @@ ECC 3 9 q3gk figs-rquestion 0 What profit does the worker gain in his labor? Th
|
|||
ECC 3 11 z9kk 0 God has made everything suitable for its own time “God has fixed a time that is right for everything to happen” or “God has set a time that is right for each thing to happen:
|
||||
ECC 3 11 k5de figs-metonymy 0 placed eternity in their hearts Here the word “their” refers to human beings. Here the “hearts” of the people represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate translation: “placed eternity in the hearts of human beings” or “caused people to think about eternal things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 3 11 jac1 figs-merism 0 from their beginning all the way to their end This refers to the beginning and the end and all that is in between. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
ECC 3 13 cyl8 0 should understand how to enjoy “should learn how to enjoy” or “should enjoy”
|
||||
ECC 3 13 cyl8 0 should understand how to enjoy Alternate translation: “should learn how to enjoy” or “should enjoy”
|
||||
ECC 3 14 w9c2 figs-activepassive 0 Nothing can be added to it or taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one can add anything to or take anything away from it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 3 16 iyt8 figs-parallelism 0 I have seen the wickedness … wickedness was there These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how common wicked behavior is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 3 16 i932 0 in place of righteousness “where there should be righteousness”
|
||||
ECC 3 16 i932 0 in place of righteousness Alternate translation: “where there should be righteousness”
|
||||
ECC 3 16 ib3m figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 3 17 h7j6 figs-synecdoche 0 I said in my heart Here the author refers to himself by his “heart” to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: “I said to myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 3 17 ar25 figs-nominaladj 0 the righteous and the wicked This refers to righteous and wicked people. Alternate translation: “those who are righteous and those who are wicked” or “the righteous people and the wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
ECC 3 17 s71g figs-doublet 0 every matter and every deed These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to every action that people do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 3 18 tst7 figs-synecdoche 0 I said in my heart Here the author refers to himself by his “heart” to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: “I said to myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 3 18 uam6 figs-simile 0 they are like animals Here the author says that human beings are like animals. In the next verse the author explains clearly how humans are like animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 3 19 az6d 0 is the same fate for them “is the same for both of them” or “is the same”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 i4mv 0 The breath is the same for all of them “All of them breathe same”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 y2nd 0 There is no advantage for mankind over the animals “Mankind is no better off than the animals”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 az6d 0 is the same fate for them Alternate translation: “is the same for both of them” or “is the same”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 i4mv 0 The breath is the same for all of them Alternate translation: “All of them breathe same”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 y2nd 0 There is no advantage for mankind over the animals Alternate translation: “Mankind is no better off than the animals”
|
||||
ECC 3 19 q66p figs-metaphor 0 is not everything just a breath? Here the author speaks of everything being as temporary as if it were a breath of air. The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that everything is temporary. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Everything is just a breath.” or “Everything is as temporary as a breath.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 3 20 gi8h figs-explicit 0 Everything is going to the same place This means that all people and all animals die and decay and become part of the soil. Alternate translation: “Everything dies and goes to the same place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 3 20 d4km 0 dust soil
|
||||
|
|
@ -145,11 +145,11 @@ ECC 3 22 h5jm 0 there is nothing better for anyone than to See how you transla
|
|||
ECC 3 22 lqg2 figs-rquestion 0 Who can bring him back to see what happens after him? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one will see what happens after he dies. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one of us knows what happens to us after we die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 4 intro ev1x 0 # Ecclesiastes 4 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:1-3, 4:5-6, and 4:8-12.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Irony<br>The teacher looks at the oppression in the world and is saddened by it, but he is the king and has the power to change things. He also laments being alone even though he has many wives, children, and concubines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lament]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
ECC 4 1 cuy2 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 4 1 ys32 0 behold, the tears “I looked and I saw”
|
||||
ECC 4 1 ys32 0 behold, the tears Alternate translation: “I looked and I saw”
|
||||
ECC 4 1 zp3i figs-metonymy 0 the tears of oppressed people Here “tears” represent weeping. Alternate translation: “the oppressed people were weeping” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 4 1 c1sv figs-metonymy 0 Power was in the hand of their oppressors This means that their oppressors were powerful. Here their “hand” represents what thet possess. Alternate translation: “Their oppressors were powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 4 2 g9pt figs-parallelism 0 the living, who are still alive The word “living” is a nominal adjective that refers to people who are living. The phrase “those who are still alive” means the same thing as “the living.” Alternate translation: “the people who are still alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
ECC 4 3 ekt2 0 more fortunate than both of them is the one who has not yet lived “the one who has not yet been born is better off than both of them”
|
||||
ECC 4 3 ekt2 0 more fortunate than both of them is the one who has not yet lived Alternate translation: “the one who has not yet been born is better off than both of them”
|
||||
ECC 4 3 q72x figs-explicit 0 both of them This refers to those who are dead and to those who are alive. Alternate translation: “both those who are dead and those who are living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 4 3 hua5 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 4 4 y7i7 figs-abstractnouns 0 became the envy of one’s neighbor The word “envy” may be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “made one’s neighbor envious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ ECC 4 4 u3t7 figs-metaphor 0 vapor “mist.” The author speaks of things as b
|
|||
ECC 4 4 m36w figs-metaphor 0 an attempt to shepherd the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “are as useless as trying to control the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 4 5 vfv8 translate-symaction 0 The fool folds his hands and does not work To fold the hands is a gesture of laziness and is another way of saying that the person refuses to work. Alternate translation: “The fool refuses to work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 4 5 b92h figs-metaphor 0 so his food is his own flesh This speaks of a person destroying himself as if he were eating his own body. Alternate translation: “as a result, he causes his own ruin” or “and as a result, he destroys himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 4 6 n1d9 0 a handful “a small amount”
|
||||
ECC 4 6 n1d9 0 a handful Alternate translation: “a small amount”
|
||||
ECC 4 6 mw6l figs-ellipsis 0 two handfuls “a large amount.” It is understood that this refer to profit gained. Alternate translation: “two handfuls of profit” or “a large amount of profit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ECC 4 6 se1l figs-metaphor 0 that tries to shepherd the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “that is as useless as trying to control the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 4 7 civ1 0 futility being useless, without profit
|
||||
|
|
@ -168,18 +168,18 @@ ECC 4 7 w5st figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on
|
|||
ECC 4 7 x1r1 figs-metaphor 0 vapor “mist.” The author speaks of things as being useless and meaningless as if they were vapor. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 4 8 a3v5 figs-explicit 0 no son or brother This person has no family. Alternate translation: “he has no family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 4 8 np2n figs-synecdoche 0 his eyes are not satisfied Here the whole person is represented by his “eyes” to emphasize his desires. Alternate translation: “he is not satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 4 8 cx1e 0 For whom am I toiling and depriving myself of pleasure “Will anyone benefit from me working hard and not enjoying myself”
|
||||
ECC 4 8 cx1e 0 For whom am I toiling and depriving myself of pleasure Alternate translation: “Will anyone benefit from me working hard and not enjoying myself”
|
||||
ECC 4 10 r5m2 figs-personification 0 sorrow follows the one who is alone when he falls Here sorrow is spoken of as if it were a person that could follow someone else. Alternate translation: “the one who is alone when he falls is sorrowful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ECC 4 11 b486 figs-explicit 0 If two lie down together, they can be warm The writer speaks of two people keeping each other warm on a cold night. Alternate translation: “If two people lie down together at night, they can be warm” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 4 11 b6yw figs-rquestion 0 how can one be warm alone? This refers to a person lying down. The author use this rhetorical question to emphasize that two people can keep each other warm but one person cannot. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “a person cannot be warm when he is alone.” or “a person who lies down alone cannot be warm.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
ECC 4 12 cj73 figs-activepassive 0 One man alone can be overpowered This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone can overpower a person who is alone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 4 12 aq3c 0 but two “but two people”
|
||||
ECC 4 12 r98s 0 withstand an attack “defend themselves against an attack”
|
||||
ECC 4 12 aq3c 0 but two Alternate translation: “but two people”
|
||||
ECC 4 12 r98s 0 withstand an attack Alternate translation: “defend themselves against an attack”
|
||||
ECC 4 12 mg67 figs-metaphor 0 a three-strand rope This speaks of three people together being stronger as if they were a three-strand rope. Alternate translation: “three people are even stronger, like a three-strand rope that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 4 12 iur4 figs-activepassive 0 a three-strand rope is not quickly broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people cannot easily break a rope made with three strands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 4 13 uhs1 0 wise youth “wise young man”
|
||||
ECC 4 13 uhs1 0 wise youth Alternate translation: “wise young man”
|
||||
ECC 4 13 uye4 figs-metonymy 0 who no longer knows how Here knowing represents willingness. Alternate translation: “who is no longer willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 4 14 k5lm 0 from prison “after being in prison”
|
||||
ECC 4 14 k5lm 0 from prison Alternate translation: “after being in prison”
|
||||
ECC 4 14 xu6r figs-explicit 0 he was born poor in his kingdom This means that he had poor parents. Alternate translation: “he was born to poor parents who lived in the land that he will someday rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 4 15 l8cp 0 General Information: Instead of choosing the wise youth, the people choose the king’s son, who may not be any wiser.
|
||||
ECC 4 15 pj25 figs-parallelism 0 alive … walking around The words “alive” and “walking around” mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize living people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ ECC 5 1 h4uf figs-metonymy 0 Guard your steps Here “steps” are a metonym fo
|
|||
ECC 5 2 k5is figs-parallelism 0 Do not be too quick … do not let your heart be too quick These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that you should think first before you speak to God about a matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 5 2 s9ue 0 to speak with your mouth Here the phrase “with your mouth” emphasizes and describes a person speaking. Alternate translation: “to speak”
|
||||
ECC 5 2 ucz2 figs-synecdoche 0 do not let your heart Here a person is represented by his “heart” to emphasize his emotions and desires. Alternate translation: “do not” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 5 2 g7vv 0 let your words be few “do not say too much”
|
||||
ECC 5 2 g7vv 0 let your words be few Alternate translation: “do not say too much”
|
||||
ECC 5 4 isy3 figs-explicit 0 do not delay to do it, for God has no pleasure in fools It is implied that it is foolish to delay in fulfilling a vow that you have made to God. Alternate translation: “do not foolishly delay in doing it, because God is not pleased with foolish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 5 6 l6vb figs-metonymy 0 Do not allow your mouth to cause your flesh to sin Here a person’s “mouth” represents a person’s speech, and the person himself is represented by his “flesh.” Alternate translation: “Do not let what you say cause you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 5 6 l7nd figs-rquestion 0 Why make God angry by vowing falsely, provoking God to destroy the work of your hands? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that it is foolish to make a vow that you will not keep. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be foolish to make God angry by vowing falsely, provoking God to destroy the work of your hands.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ ECC 5 8 jdl4 figs-activepassive 0 the poor being oppressed and robbed This can
|
|||
ECC 5 8 x1rp figs-nominaladj 0 the poor This refers to poor people. Alternate translation: “those who are poor” or “poor people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
ECC 5 8 h98m figs-doublet 0 just and right treatment The words “just” and “right” mean basically the same thing and refer to the kind of treatment that people deserve. Alternate translation: “fair treatment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 5 8 d57b 0 do not be astonished as if no one knows, because there are people “do not be surprised, for there are people
|
||||
ECC 5 8 kr4z 0 there are people in power “there are people with authority”
|
||||
ECC 5 8 kr4z 0 there are people in power Alternate translation: “there are people with authority”
|
||||
ECC 5 8 v44r figs-idiom 0 even higher ones over them There are other men who rule over the men in authority. Alternate translation: “men who have even more authority than they do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 5 9 uc5e figs-abstractnouns 0 the produce of the land … produce from the fields The word “produce” may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “the food that the land produces … crops from the fields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ECC 5 10 kh3l figs-metaphor 0 vapor The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were mist. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -212,14 +212,14 @@ ECC 5 11 xh2w 0 so also do the people who consume it This could mean: (1) “s
|
|||
ECC 5 11 ncz7 figs-metaphor 0 who consume it This speaks of people spending wealth as if they were “eating” it. Alternate translation: “who use it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 5 11 c2dc figs-rquestion 0 What advantage in wealth is there to the owner except to watch it with his eyes? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the wealthy do not benefit from their wealth. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The only benefit that the owner has from wealth is that he can look at it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 5 12 d52v figs-metaphor 0 The sleep of a working man is sweet This speaks of a person’s sleep being fulfilling and peaceful as if it were sweet like something he eats. Alternate translation: “The sleep of a working man is peaceful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 5 12 dr7p 0 whether he eats little or a lot “whether he eats a little bit of food or a lot of food”
|
||||
ECC 5 12 dr7p 0 whether he eats little or a lot Alternate translation: “whether he eats a little bit of food or a lot of food”
|
||||
ECC 5 12 u4e4 figs-personification 0 but the wealth of a rich person does not allow him to sleep well “but the wealth of a rich person keeps him awake at night.” This speaks of a rich person not being able to sleep because he is worried about his money as if his money were a person that would not allow him to sleep. Alternate translation: “but rich people do not sleep well because they worry about their money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ECC 5 13 m4vd figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 5 13 j6b2 figs-activepassive 0 riches hoarded by the owner This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an owner hoards riches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 5 14 d5n4 0 through bad luck This could mean: (1) “through misfortune” or (2) “through a bad business deal.”
|
||||
ECC 5 14 zb1u figs-metonymy 0 his own son, one whom he has fathered, is left with nothing in his hands Here the phrase “in his hands” represents ownership. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he leaves no possession for his own son” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 5 15 it6k figs-metaphor 0 As a man comes from his mother’s womb … he will leave naked It is implied that a man is naked when he is born. In addition to being without clothing, here the word “naked” emphasizes that people are born without any possessions. Alternate translation: “As a man is naked and owns nothing when he is born … he will leave this life the same way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 5 15 wl6z 0 comes from his mother’s womb “is born”
|
||||
ECC 5 15 wl6z 0 comes from his mother’s womb Alternate translation: “is born”
|
||||
ECC 5 15 zl7h figs-euphemism 0 he will leave This refers to dying. Alternate translation: “he will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
ECC 5 15 fe51 figs-metonymy 0 He can take none of the fruits of his labor in his hand Here a man’s possessions are spoken of as if they are fruit that he grew with his labor. Alternate translation: “He can not take any of his possessions with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 5 16 qd7u figs-explicit 0 as a person comes, so he goes away This refers to the birth and death of a person and expresses the same idea as the previous verse. This refers to women as well as men. Alternate translation: “as people bring nothing into the world when they are born, so they take nothing with them when they die and leave this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -234,21 +234,21 @@ ECC 5 18 ue88 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on
|
|||
ECC 5 18 m281 figs-idiom 0 during the days of this life that God has given us This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “as long as God allows us to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 5 18 ued7 0 For this is man’s assignment This could mean: (1) “For this is man’s reward” or (2) “For these are the things that he allows man to do”
|
||||
ECC 5 19 n4ka figs-doublet 0 riches and wealth These two words mean basically the same thing. They refer to money and the things that a person can buy with money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 5 19 b3ld 0 to receive his share “to accept what he is given”
|
||||
ECC 5 19 b3ld 0 to receive his share Alternate translation: “to accept what he is given”
|
||||
ECC 5 20 iz9m figs-idiom 0 he does not call to mind Here the word “he” refers to the person to whom God has given a gift. The phrase “call to mind” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he does not remember” or “he does not think about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 5 20 qr1s figs-idiom 0 the days of his life This refers to the things that happened during his lifetime. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the things that have happened during his lifetime” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 5 20 n32s 0 keep busy “stay busy”
|
||||
ECC 5 20 n32s 0 keep busy Alternate translation: “stay busy”
|
||||
ECC 6 intro ar6e 0 # Ecclesiastes 6 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 6:7-11.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Satisfaction<br>While a person may be given a great many things, they are worthless and provide no sense of satisfaction or peace. It is assumed that only Yahweh can provide these things to man. Solomon is depressed that he had everything he could have ever wanted in life, but they were not enough to give him satisfaction or peace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 6 1 fyq4 figs-metaphor 0 it weighs heavy on men Here evil is spoken of as something that is a heavy load to carry. Alternate translation: “it causes hardship for people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 6 2 jzl7 figs-doublet 0 riches, wealth These two words mean basically the same thing. They refer to money and the things that a person can buy with money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
ECC 6 2 n75e figs-doublenegatives 0 he lacks nothing This is a double negative. Alternate translation: “he has everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
ECC 6 2 rg6q 0 God gives him no ability “does not give him the ability”
|
||||
ECC 6 2 rg6q 0 God gives him no ability Alternate translation: “does not give him the ability”
|
||||
ECC 6 2 jr84 figs-metaphor 0 vapor The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were mist. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 6 3 qq8e translate-numbers 0 fathers a hundred children “fathers 100 children.” This is a hypothetical situation. This is also an exaggeration and is applicable to people with fewer than 100 children. Alternate translation: “fathers many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
ECC 6 3 z9ls figs-parallelism 0 lives many years, so that the days of his years are many These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “lives many years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 6 3 fun6 figs-synecdoche 0 his heart is not satisfied with good This refers to a man by his “heart” to emphasize his feelings. Alternate translation: “he is not content with good things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 6 3 qmh2 figs-activepassive 0 he is not buried This can be stated in active form. This could mean: (1) “no one buries him at all” or (2) he receives no honor, “no one buries him properly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 6 4 g8un 0 such a baby is born in futility “such a baby is born for nothing”
|
||||
ECC 6 4 g8un 0 such a baby is born in futility Alternate translation: “such a baby is born for nothing”
|
||||
ECC 6 4 tr53 figs-idiom 0 passes away in darkness This speaks of the death of the baby being as unexplainable as “darkness.” Alternate translation: “dies unexplainably” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 6 4 xfu5 figs-metaphor 0 its name remains hidden This speaks of no one knowing the baby’s name as if it were a hidden object. Alternate translation: “no one knows its name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 6 6 iz6f figs-hypo 0 Even if a man should live for two thousand years This is a hypothetical situation. This is also an exaggeration to show that it does not matter how long a person lives if he does not enjoy the good things in life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ ECC 6 7 wf5f figs-metonymy 0 is for his mouth Here putting food in a man’s mo
|
|||
ECC 6 7 lc2f figs-activepassive 0 his appetite is not satisfied This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he does not satisfy his appetite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 6 8 syz9 figs-rquestion 0 what advantage has the wise person over the fool? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that a wise person does not have any more lasting benefits than a fool. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “it seems the wise person has no advantage over the fool.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 6 8 gse4 figs-rquestion 0 What advantage does the poor man have even if he knows how to act in front of other people? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that a poor man does not have any more lasting benefits than someone else. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The poor man has no advantage even if he knows how to act in front of other people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 6 8 zy1l 0 how to act “how to conduct himself”
|
||||
ECC 6 8 zy1l 0 how to act Alternate translation: “how to conduct himself”
|
||||
ECC 6 9 ays9 figs-metonymy 0 what the eyes see A person can see these things because he already has them. Alternate translation: “what a person has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 6 9 xhe8 figs-metonymy 0 to desire what a wandering appetite craves This refers to things that a person wants but does not have. Alternate translation: “to want what he does not have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 6 9 n6mw figs-parallelism 0 vapor … an attempt to shepherd the wind These two phrases are both metaphors that emphasize the idea of things being useless and futile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ ECC 6 9 f92y figs-metaphor 0 vapor “mist.” The author speaks of things as b
|
|||
ECC 6 9 qai8 figs-metaphor 0 an attempt to shepherd the wind The author speaks of everything that people do as being useless as if they were trying to control the wind. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “are as useless as trying to control the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 6 10 vs8g figs-activepassive 0 Whatever has existed has already been given its name This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People have already named everything that exists” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 6 10 f9hg figs-activepassive 0 what mankind is like has already been known This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people already know what mankind is like” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 6 10 uy4z 0 the one who is the mighty judge “God, who is the mighty judge”
|
||||
ECC 6 10 uy4z 0 the one who is the mighty judge Alternate translation: “God, who is the mighty judge”
|
||||
ECC 6 11 l9d5 figs-activepassive 0 The more words that are spoken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The more words that people speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 6 11 pz7h 0 the more futility increases The more a person speaks, the more likely he will speak about meaningless things. Alternate translation: “the more meaningless those words are”
|
||||
ECC 6 11 s51v 0 futility being useless, without profit
|
||||
|
|
@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ ECC 7 4 pli9 figs-synecdoche 0 The heart of the wise is in the house of mournin
|
|||
ECC 7 4 lly7 figs-synecdoche 0 but the heart of fools is in the house of feasting Here foolish people are referred to by their “hearts.” This speaks of foolish people thinking only about what makes them happy as being in a house of feasting. Alternate translation: “but foolish people think only about enjoying themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 7 4 ux5g 0 the house of mourning … the house of feasting These phrases refer to what happens in these places.
|
||||
ECC 7 5 wm3y figs-abstractnouns 0 to the rebuke of the wise The word “rebuke” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “when wise people rebuke you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ECC 7 5 lal6 0 to listen to the song of fools “to listen to fools sing”
|
||||
ECC 7 5 lal6 0 to listen to the song of fools Alternate translation: “to listen to fools sing”
|
||||
ECC 7 6 bh8q figs-simile 0 For like the crackling of thorns burning under a pot, so also is the laughter of fools This speaks of how listening to fools talk and laugh will teach you nothing, as if their speech and laughter were the sound of burning thorns. Alternate translation: “For listening to the laughter of fools will not teach a man any more than if he were listening to the crackling of thorns burning under a pot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 7 6 im4x figs-metaphor 0 vapor The author speaks of useless and meaningless things as if they were mist. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “as useless as vapor” or “meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 7 7 be8y 0 Extortion This refers to forcing someone to give money or other valuable items to another so that the other person does not harm him. It is considered wrong.
|
||||
|
|
@ -301,27 +301,27 @@ ECC 7 12 wt8d 0 the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom gives life This coul
|
|||
ECC 7 12 erb5 figs-personification 0 gives life to whoever has it This speaks of how wisdom helps to preserve a person’s life as if it gave life to that person. When a person is wise he makes good decisions that help him to live a more prosperous and longer life. Alternate translation: “preserves a person’s life” or “helps a person to make good decisions and to live a longer life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
ECC 7 13 x6a8 figs-rquestion 0 Who can straighten out anything he has made crooked? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one can change something that God has done. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can straighten out anything he has made crooked.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 7 14 iig7 figs-idiom 0 When times are good … when times are bad The word “times” is an idiom for “things happening.” Alternate translation: “When good things happen … when bad things happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 7 14 ab9b 0 live happily in that good “be happy about those good things”
|
||||
ECC 7 14 ab9b 0 live happily in that good Alternate translation: “be happy about those good things”
|
||||
ECC 7 14 c4j4 figs-idiom 0 both to exist side by side The phrase “side by side” is an idiom that means “this one” and “this one.” Alternate translation: “both to exist” or “there to be both good and bad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 7 14 ey3r 0 anything that is coming after him This could mean: (1) “anything that happens in the future” or (2) “anything that happens to him after he dies.”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 q493 0 in my meaningless days “in my meaningless life”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 vy5k 0 in spite of their righteousness “even though they are righteous”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 la4s 0 in spite of their evil “even though they are evil”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 q493 0 in my meaningless days Alternate translation: “in my meaningless life”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 vy5k 0 in spite of their righteousness Alternate translation: “even though they are righteous”
|
||||
ECC 7 15 la4s 0 in spite of their evil Alternate translation: “even though they are evil”
|
||||
ECC 7 16 ux2c figs-parallelism 0 self-righteous, wise in your own eyes These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 7 16 p2av 0 Do not be self-righteous “Do not think that you are more righteous than you actually are”
|
||||
ECC 7 16 p2av 0 Do not be self-righteous Alternate translation: “Do not think that you are more righteous than you actually are”
|
||||
ECC 7 16 n342 figs-metaphor 0 wise in your own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “being wise in your own opinion” or “being wise according to your own judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 7 16 tc29 figs-rquestion 0 Why should you destroy yourself? The writer uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that being self-righteous destroys a person. Alternate translation: “There is no reason to destroy yourself.” or “If you think this way you will destroy yourself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 7 17 s5mm figs-rquestion 0 Why should you die before your time? The author uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no reason for people to do things that will cause them to die early. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no reason for you to die sooner than you should.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 7 18 u3fa figs-metaphor 0 take hold of this wisdom This speaks of striving to be wise as if “wisdom” were an object that a person could hold on to. Alternate translation: “commit yourself to this wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 7 18 p1xy figs-metaphor 0 you should not let go of righteousness This speaks of striving to be righteous as if “righteousness” were an object that a person could hold on to. Alternate translation: “you should not stop trying to be righteous” or “you should keep trying to be righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 7 18 m73i 0 will meet all his obligations “will do everything that God expects of him”
|
||||
ECC 7 19 ugu9 0 Wisdom is powerful in the wise man, more than ten rulers in a city “Wisdom makes a man powerful; it makes him more powerful than ten rulers in a city”
|
||||
ECC 7 20 uf5z 0 does good and never sins “does good things and does not sin”
|
||||
ECC 7 18 m73i 0 will meet all his obligations Alternate translation: “will do everything that God expects of him”
|
||||
ECC 7 19 ugu9 0 Wisdom is powerful in the wise man, more than ten rulers in a city Alternate translation: “Wisdom makes a man powerful; it makes him more powerful than ten rulers in a city”
|
||||
ECC 7 20 uf5z 0 does good and never sins Alternate translation: “does good things and does not sin”
|
||||
ECC 7 21 q4dk figs-activepassive 0 every word that is spoken This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that people say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 7 22 wq73 figs-rpronouns 0 you know yourself “you yourself know.” Here “yourself” is used to emphasize the phrase “you know.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
ECC 7 22 t45l figs-metonymy 0 in your own heart Here a person’s thoughts are represented by their “heart.” Alternate translation: “in your own thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 7 23 ix7d figs-explicit 0 All this have I proven here the word “this” refers to all of the things the author has written about. Alternate translation: “All this that I have already written about have I proven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 7 23 fw1m 0 it was more than I could be “it was beyond my ability to understand” or “but I was not able to do it”
|
||||
ECC 7 23 fw1m 0 it was more than I could be Alternate translation: “it was beyond my ability to understand” or “but I was not able to do it”
|
||||
ECC 7 24 y2i9 figs-idiom 0 far off and very deep This speaks of wisdom being difficult to understand as if it were something located far away or in a very deep place. Alternate translation: “difficult to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 7 24 p3a6 figs-rquestion 0 Who can find it? The writer uses this rhetorical question to emphasize the difficulty in understanding wisdom. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can understand it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 7 25 l5xj figs-metonymy 0 I turned my heart Here the word “heart” refers to the mind. Also, here the word “turned” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I directed my thoughts” or “I determined” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -341,13 +341,13 @@ ECC 8 1 sfc8 0 Who is a wise man? Who knows what the events in life mean? The
|
|||
ECC 8 1 v1sf figs-idiom 0 causes his face to shine This means that the person’s face will show that he has wisdom. Alternate translation: “shows on his face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 8 1 e5zq figs-idiom 0 the hardness of his face This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “his harsh appearance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 8 1 beu2 figs-activepassive 0 is changed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “changes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 2 ig6x 0 God’s oath to protect him “the oath you made before God to protect him”
|
||||
ECC 8 2 ig6x 0 God’s oath to protect him Alternate translation: “the oath you made before God to protect him”
|
||||
ECC 8 3 jz73 figs-metaphor 0 Do not hurry out of his presence This could mean: (1) not to be hasty to physically leave the king’s presence or (2) This is a metaphor that speaks of being loyal to the king as being in his presence. Alternate translation: “Do not abandon the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 8 4 mc7i 0 The king’s word rules “What the king says is the law”
|
||||
ECC 8 4 mc7i 0 The king’s word rules Alternate translation: “What the king says is the law”
|
||||
ECC 8 4 k14s figs-rquestion 0 who will say to him This rhetorical question emphasizes that no one will ask the king the following question. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “no one can say to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 8 4 fn4s figs-rquestion 0 What are you doing? This rhetorical question is a rebuke. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing what you are doing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 8 5 v9wu figs-synecdoche 0 A wise man’s heart recognizes Here a man is represented by his “heart” to emphasize his thoughts. Alternate translation: “A wise man recognizes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 8 5 qc3y 0 the proper course and time of action “the correct time to do things and the right way to do them”
|
||||
ECC 8 5 qc3y 0 the proper course and time of action Alternate translation: “the correct time to do things and the right way to do them”
|
||||
ECC 8 7 l5bd figs-rquestion 0 Who can tell him what is coming? This rhetorical question emphasizes that no one knows what will happen in the future. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one can tell him what is coming.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 8 8 md5b figs-simile 0 No one is ruler over his breath so as to stop the breath … no one has power over the day of his death Just as no one has the ability to stop himself from breathing, no one can continue living when it is time to die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 8 8 vd1v 0 No one is ruler The word “ruler” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “No one has control”
|
||||
|
|
@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ ECC 8 8 tfi8 figs-personification 0 wickedness will not rescue those who are it
|
|||
ECC 8 9 m5md figs-synecdoche 0 I have applied my heart Here the author refers to himself by his “heart” to emphasize his feelings. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:17](../01/17.md). Alternate translation: “I applied myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 8 9 k1ch figs-activepassive 0 every kind of work that is done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “every kind of work that people do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 9 jnb1 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 8 9 d2gx 0 There is a time when a person oppresses another person to that person’s hurt “Sometimes one person will oppress another, causing that person to be hurt”
|
||||
ECC 8 9 d2gx 0 There is a time when a person oppresses another person to that person’s hurt Alternate translation: “Sometimes one person will oppress another, causing that person to be hurt”
|
||||
ECC 8 10 a8np figs-activepassive 0 the wicked buried publicly This can be stated in active form. Evil people that died were given honorable burials. Alternate translation: “people bury the wicked publicly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 10 gw4a figs-activepassive 0 They were taken from the holy area and buried and were praised by people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People took them from the holy area and buried them and praised them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 11 fl29 figs-activepassive 0 When a sentence against an evil crime is not executed quickly This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When people in authority do not quickly execute a sentence against an evil crime” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ ECC 8 12 mh1j figs-idiom 0 it will be better for those who respect God The phra
|
|||
ECC 8 12 x5tl figs-parallelism 0 who respect God … who stand before him and show him respect These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize people respecting God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
ECC 8 13 y6mk figs-activepassive 0 his life will not be prolonged This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will not prolong his life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 13 jsa6 figs-simile 0 His days are like a fleeting shadow This speaks of how the wicked man’s life passes quickly by saying that it is like a shadow that quickly disappears. Alternate translation: “His days will pass as quickly as a shadow disappears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 8 13 e7yl 0 His days are “His life is”
|
||||
ECC 8 13 e7yl 0 His days are Alternate translation: “His life is”
|
||||
ECC 8 14 e2e2 figs-activepassive 0 something else that is done on the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “something else that people do on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 14 vn88 figs-metaphor 0 this also is useless vapor “this also is useless mist.” The author speaks of things as being useless and meaningless as if they were ‘vapor.’ See how you translated the word “vapor” in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “this also is as useless as vapor” or “this also is meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 8 15 e8jj figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ ECC 8 16 ct32 figs-synecdoche 0 without sleep for the eyes Here a person is rep
|
|||
ECC 8 17 vk1q figs-activepassive 0 the work that is done under the sun This could mean: (1) “the work that God does under the sun” or (2) “the work that God allows people to do under the sun.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 8 17 gl2w figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 9 intro j3kr 0 # Ecclesiastes 9 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:2, 5-6, and 11-12.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Judgment<br>This chapter explains that there is one thing that awaits all people: judgment. When people die, they will all face Yahweh’s judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
|
||||
ECC 9 1 hpl4 0 I thought about all this in my mind “I thought very deeply about all this”
|
||||
ECC 9 1 hpl4 0 I thought about all this in my mind Alternate translation: “I thought very deeply about all this”
|
||||
ECC 9 1 dt8e 0 They are all in God’s hands Here the word “they” refers to “the righteous and wise people” as well as “their deeds.”
|
||||
ECC 9 1 l7sr figs-metonymy 0 in God’s hands Here the word “hands” refers to power and authority. Alternate translation: “under God’s control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 9 1 ubx9 figs-personification 0 whether love or hate will come to someone This speaks of “love” and “hate” as if they are people that may come to visit someone else. Alternate translation: “whether someone will experience love or hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ ECC 9 3 f3q9 figs-activepassive 0 everything that is done This can be stated in
|
|||
ECC 9 3 cz36 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 9 3 ex39 0 the same event death
|
||||
ECC 9 3 vf5k figs-metonymy 0 The hearts of human beings are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts Here the word “hearts” refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: “Human beings are full of evil, and their thoughts are of madness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 9 3 zyc7 0 madness “folly”
|
||||
ECC 9 3 zyc7 0 madness Alternate translation: “folly”
|
||||
ECC 9 3 ha8w figs-nominaladj 0 they go to the dead The phrase “the dead” refers to dead people. Here dead people represent the place where people go after they die. Alternate translation: “they go to the place where dead people are” or “they die and go to the grave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 9 4 a4uf figs-nominaladj 0 the living This refers to people who are alive. Alternate translation: “who are alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
ECC 9 4 s9jy figs-simile 0 just as a living dog is better than a dead lion A “dog” was considered a lowly animal while a lion was considered a noble animal. This speaks of it being better to be lowly and alive than to be considered noble and dead. Alternate translation: “It is better to be lowly like a dog and to be alive than to be noble like a lion and to be dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -411,12 +411,12 @@ ECC 9 8 zd1x translate-symaction 0 Let your clothes be always white and your he
|
|||
ECC 9 8 weg3 figs-activepassive 0 your head anointed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “anoint your head with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 9 9 ack2 figs-explicit 0 Live happily with the wife whom you love One should love the wife he has. Alternate translation: “Since you have a wife whom you love, live happily with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 9 9 i7lk figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 9 9 b2jb 0 your days “your lifetime”
|
||||
ECC 9 9 b2jb 0 your days Alternate translation: “your lifetime”
|
||||
ECC 9 9 vd3d 0 That is your reward The word “that” refers to living happily with his wife.
|
||||
ECC 9 10 dt8t figs-synecdoche 0 Whatever your hand finds to do Here a person is represented by his “hand” since a person often uses his hands to work. Alternate translation: “Whatever you are able to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 9 10 nrd5 figs-abstractnouns 0 there is no work or explanation or knowledge or wisdom The nouns “work, “explanation,” and “knowledge” can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: “the dead do not work or explain or know or have wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
ECC 9 11 xi11 figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 9 11 k49c 0 The race does not belong to … The battle does not belong to “The race is not always won by … The battle is not always won by”
|
||||
ECC 9 11 k49c 0 The race does not belong to … The battle does not belong to Alternate translation: “The race is not always won by … The battle is not always won by”
|
||||
ECC 9 11 u2xl figs-metonymy 0 Bread Here “Bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “Food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 9 11 l8sx figs-idiom 0 time and chance affect them all This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “what happens and when it happens affect them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 9 11 dqc6 0 affect them all “affects all these things.” Here the words “them all” refer to race, battle, bread, riches, and favor.
|
||||
|
|
@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ ECC 10 2 rs5s figs-metonymy 0 The heart of a wise person … the heart of a foo
|
|||
ECC 10 2 h1fr figs-idiom 0 tends to the right … tends to the left Here the words “right” and “left” refer to what is right and wrong. Alternate translation: “tends to doing what is right … tends to doing what is wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 10 3 fe16 figs-explicit 0 his thinking is deficient This refers to the way that he acts. Alternate translation: “he is stupid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 10 4 r1x8 figs-metonymy 0 If the emotions of a ruler rise up against you Here a ruler is represented by his “emotions” Alternate translation: “If a ruler becomes angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 10 4 vup7 0 Calm can quiet down great outrage “By remaining calm you may cause an outraged person to become quiet”
|
||||
ECC 10 4 vup7 0 Calm can quiet down great outrage Alternate translation: “By remaining calm you may cause an outraged person to become quiet”
|
||||
ECC 10 5 ua6a figs-idiom 0 under the sun This refers to things that are done on earth. See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 10 6 tiw2 figs-activepassive 0 Fools are given leadership positions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Rulers give positions of leadership to fools” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 10 6 jq78 figs-activepassive 0 successful men are given low positions This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they give low positions to successful men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ ECC 10 12 hcw8 figs-metonymy 0 the lips of a fool consume him Here the fool’s
|
|||
ECC 10 13 z31v figs-metonymy 0 As words begin to flow from a fool’s mouth A fool’s speech is represented by his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “As a fool begins to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 10 13 z9w4 figs-metonymy 0 at the end his mouth flows with wicked madness A fool’s speech is represented by his “mouth.” Alternate translation: “as he finishes talking, he speaks wicked madness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
ECC 10 14 q1x3 figs-idiom 0 multiplies words This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “keeps on talking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 10 14 m6dn 0 what is coming “what will happen in the future”
|
||||
ECC 10 14 m6dn 0 what is coming Alternate translation: “what will happen in the future”
|
||||
ECC 10 14 y3nu figs-rquestion 0 Who knows what is coming after him? The writer asks this question to emphasize that no one knows what will happen in the future after one’s death. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one knows what is coming after him.” or “No one knows what will happen after he dies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
ECC 10 15 r99g figs-activepassive 0 wearies them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Fools become weary by their toil” or “Fools feel tired by the work that they do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 10 15 d4gn 0 so that they do not even know the road to town This could mean: (1) “so much that he is unable to find the road to town.” That the foolish person becomes so tired from working too hard that he is unable to find his way anywhere, or (2) “because he does not even know the way to town.” That the foolish person becomes tired from working too hard because he does not know enough to go home.
|
||||
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@ -479,8 +479,8 @@ ECC 11 1 iuj7 figs-metaphor 0 Send out your bread on the waters, for you will f
|
|||
ECC 11 2 gt4a 0 Share it with seven, even eight people This could mean: (1) to share your possessions with many people, or (2) to invest your resources in multiple places.
|
||||
ECC 11 2 qri5 translate-numbers 0 seven, even eight people “7, even 8 people.” This is an idiom that means “numerous” people. Alternate translation: “numerous people” or “multiple people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
ECC 11 2 v5ph figs-metaphor 0 what disasters are coming on the earth Disasters happening is spoken of as if disasters were something that come to a place. Here “on the earth” may imply that these disasters happen to the person who is commanded to share. Alternate translation: “what disasters may happen in the world” or “what bad things may happen to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
ECC 11 3 k3vi 0 the clouds are full of rain “the clouds are dark with rain”
|
||||
ECC 11 3 jz5x 0 empty themselves on the earth “empty themselves on the ground”
|
||||
ECC 11 3 k3vi 0 the clouds are full of rain Alternate translation: “the clouds are dark with rain”
|
||||
ECC 11 3 jz5x 0 empty themselves on the earth Alternate translation: “empty themselves on the ground”
|
||||
ECC 11 3 g5bd figs-merism 0 toward the south or toward the north Here “south” and “north” represent any direction. Alternate translation: “in any direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
ECC 11 4 g5q9 0 Anyone who watches the wind might not plant This could mean: (1) “Any farmer who pays attention to the wind will not plant when the wind is blowing in the wrong direction” or (2) “Any farmer who pays too much attention to the wind will never plant”
|
||||
ECC 11 4 mym3 0 anyone who watches the clouds might not harvest This could mean: (1) “Any farmer who pays attention to the clouds will not harvest when it is about to rain” or (2) “Any farmer who pays too much attention to the clouds will never harvest”
|
||||
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@ -508,8 +508,8 @@ ECC 12 1 r69h figs-metaphor 0 before the days of difficulty come Future time is
|
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ECC 12 1 f747 figs-metaphor 0 before the years arrive when you say, “I have no pleasure in them,” Future time is spoken of as if “years arrive” Alternate translation: “before you become old when you say, ‘I no longer enjoy being alive,’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 2 n1tx figs-metaphor 0 do this before the light of the sun … after the rain Growing old and dying is spoken of as if the sun and moon go dark and dark clouds return. Alternate translation: “do this before it seems to you that the light of the sun … after the rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 3 ric4 figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The writer describes a house in which various activities stop. This appears to be a metaphor for the human body as it becomes old. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 3 kzg1 0 strong men are bent over “strong men become weak”
|
||||
ECC 12 3 qs1x 0 the women who grind cease because they are few “the women who grind grain stop grinding grain because there are few of them”
|
||||
ECC 12 3 kzg1 0 strong men are bent over Alternate translation: “strong men become weak”
|
||||
ECC 12 3 qs1x 0 the women who grind cease because they are few Alternate translation: “the women who grind grain stop grinding grain because there are few of them”
|
||||
ECC 12 4 p13x figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The writer continues his metaphor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 4 e4kd figs-activepassive 0 the doors are shut in the street This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people shut the doors that lead to the street” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 12 4 egr6 figs-explicit 0 when men are startled at the voice of a bird It is implied that the voice of the birds startle the men awake. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the voice of a bird startles men awake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
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@ -529,15 +529,15 @@ ECC 12 6 h9gc figs-activepassive 0 the water wheel is broken This can be stated
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ECC 12 7 hd1s figs-metonymy 0 dust returns to the earth Here the word “dust” refers to the human body that has decomposed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
ECC 12 8 rep2 figs-metaphor 0 A mist of vapor … everything is vanishing vapor The Teacher speaks of things as being useless and meaningless as if they were “vapor.” Just as vapor disappears and does not last, the author speaks of things having no lasting value. See how you translated “vapor” in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “Temporary and useless … everything is temporary and useless” or “Meaningless … everything is meaningless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 8 tnp3 0 the Teacher See how you translated this in [Ecclesiastes 1:1](../01/01.md).
|
||||
ECC 12 9 i4bz 0 contemplated and set in order “thought much about and arranged” or “thought much about and wrote down”
|
||||
ECC 12 9 i4bz 0 contemplated and set in order Alternate translation: “thought much about and arranged” or “thought much about and wrote down”
|
||||
ECC 12 10 a9qt 0 using vivid … words The Teacher wanted the words to be pleasurable to the listener. They bring pleasure because they are well written, not because they are comforting.
|
||||
ECC 12 11 k55m figs-metaphor 0 The words of wise people … taught by one shepherd The writer speaks of the teacher who uses his words to instruct people as if the teacher were a shepherd who uses his tools to lead his flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
ECC 12 11 klc6 figs-simile 0 The words of wise people are like goads This is a simile. Alternate translation: “Wise people encourage people to act, like a sharp stick encourages an animal to move” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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||||
ECC 12 11 f4e5 figs-simile 0 Like nails driven deeply are the words of the masters in collections of their proverbs This is a simile. Alternate translation: “Like you can depend on a nail that a person drives firmly into a piece of wood, so you can depend on the words of the masters in collections of their proverbs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
ECC 12 11 l699 0 the words of the masters in collections of their proverbs “the wise words collected in their proverbs” or “the sayings of the wise”
|
||||
ECC 12 11 l699 0 the words of the masters in collections of their proverbs Alternate translation: “the wise words collected in their proverbs” or “the sayings of the wise”
|
||||
ECC 12 11 as9u figs-activepassive 0 which are taught by one shepherd This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which one shepherd teaches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 12 12 r12d 0 the making of many books, which has no end The noun phrase “the making” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “people will never stop making many books”
|
||||
ECC 12 12 w94l figs-synecdoche 0 brings weariness to the body Here “body” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “makes the person tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
ECC 12 13 xk42 0 The end of the matter “The final conclusion on the matter”
|
||||
ECC 12 13 xk42 0 The end of the matter Alternate translation: “The final conclusion on the matter”
|
||||
ECC 12 13 nr9n figs-activepassive 0 after everything has been heard This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after you have heard everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
ECC 12 14 ele3 figs-metaphor 0 along with every hidden thing Things done in secret is spoken of as if they were an object that was hidden. Alternate translation: “along with everything that people do in secret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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en_tn_22-SNG.tsv
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@ -2,56 +2,56 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
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SNG front intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Song of Songs<br><br>1. The bride longs for the bridegroom to arrive (1:1–2:7)<br>1. The bridegroom praises the woman he loves (2:8–3:5)<br>1. The bridegroom arrives and praises the bride (3:6–5:1)<br>1. The bride longs for the bridegroom (5:2–6:9)<br>1. The bridegroom praises the beauty of his bride (6:1–8:4)<br>1. Final thoughts about love between a man and a woman (8:5–14)<br><br>### What is the Song of Songs about?<br><br>The Song of Songs is a poem or a series of poems that celebrate love and intimacy between a man and a woman. Jews traditionally have interpreted the book as a picture of God’s love for his people Israel. In the same way, many Christians interpret it as a picture of love between Christ and his bride, the church of all believers.<br><br>### Who wrote the Song of Songs?<br><br>The first verse of the book (“The Song of Songs, which is Solomon’s”) gives the idea that King Solomon of Israel wrote it. However, people have interpreted this verse in different ways, so not everyone is persuaded that Solomon wrote it.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book is traditionally titled “Song of Songs,” which means the very best song, or “Song of Solomon.” It may also be called “Songs of Love,” “Great Poems of Love,” or “The Love Songs of Solomon.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What place do the descriptions of sexual behavior have in the Song of Songs?<br><br>The Song of Songs approves of sexual behavior expressing love between a husband his wife.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How many characters are in the Song of Songs?<br><br>The two main characters in this book are the man and the woman, who love each other. The woman also speaks to a group of women called the “daughters of Jerusalem,” and these women make comments. However, it is possible that the group of women is not real and the woman is only imagining them.<br><br>Some interpreters believe there may be more characters than these, but this is not certain. The ULT and UST versions recognize only the man, the woman, and the group of women.<br><br>### What are the lines about people speaking?<br><br>The Song of Songs is a poem that shows the thoughts and words of a man, a woman, and the woman’s friends. Throughout the poem, the author does not identify the speakers and their audience. So to help readers understand the poem, some translations attempt to identify the speaker and the audience. It is not always certain who the speaker is, so sometimes translations disagree about who is speaking.<br><br>Before each speech, the ULT identifies the speaker and the audience like this: “The woman speaking to the other women,” “The woman speaking to the man,” “The man speaking to the woman,” or “The woman speaking to herself.” Translators are encouraged to include these ways of identifying the speaker and the audience, and to format them differently from the scripture text. The translators should also include a note explaining that these explanations are not actually part of the scripture.<br><br>### How should one translate the Song of Songs if the readers will view certain terms as coarse, vulgar, or improper?<br><br>Readers might consider many images or forms appearing in the Song of Songs as improper when translated. The translator should try to avoid offensive language if possible, by using expressions that will not cause offense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>### How do I translate metaphors and similes in this book?<br><br>There are many metaphors and similes in this book. These figures of speech are often unclear. If they have sexual meanings, figures of speech describing feelings or emotions are often used to avoid offense by hiding their meaning. However, since their meanings are often unclear, ambiguity in translation is encouraged. You can translate the words as they are written in order to avoid committing to a specific meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 1 intro xrm2 0 # Song of Songs 1 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Kisses<br>The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Love and affection<br>This chapter is centered on the feelings of love, affection, and attraction. Different cultural standards may make translation difficult and the translator may use euphemisms to avoid offending people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I am dark”<br>In the ancient Near East, rich people usually had lighter skin because they did not need to work outside in the sun. This young woman had to work out in the sun, and her skin became darker than it was when she was younger.
|
||||
SNG 1 1 fna4 writing-poetry 0 General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
|
||||
SNG 1 1 qbe2 0 The Song of Songs “The Best Song” or “The Most Excellent Song”
|
||||
SNG 1 1 qbe2 0 The Song of Songs Alternate translation: “The Best Song” or “The Most Excellent Song”
|
||||
SNG 1 1 r5ns 0 which is Solomon’s Possible meanings are “which is about Solomon” or “which Solomon composed.”
|
||||
SNG 1 2 j5xq 0 General Information: The first part of the book begins with this verse.
|
||||
SNG 1 2 nze7 0 your love is better than wine “I enjoy having you near me more than I enjoy drinking wine”
|
||||
SNG 1 3 si36 0 Your anointing oils “The oils that you put on your body”
|
||||
SNG 1 3 d9r7 0 have a delightful fragrance “smell wonderful”
|
||||
SNG 1 2 nze7 0 your love is better than wine Alternate translation: “I enjoy having you near me more than I enjoy drinking wine”
|
||||
SNG 1 3 si36 0 Your anointing oils Alternate translation: “The oils that you put on your body”
|
||||
SNG 1 3 d9r7 0 have a delightful fragrance Alternate translation: “smell wonderful”
|
||||
SNG 1 3 z9t3 figs-simile 0 your name is like flowing perfume Perfume has a good smell that spreads as the air moves. The name is either a metonym for: (1) the person’s reputation, what other people think of him. Here the speaker says that people always think that the hearer is a good person, or (2) the person himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 1 4 v83t figs-you 0 with you “The word “you” refers to the man and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
SNG 1 4 gec8 figs-metaphor 0 Take “Pull” or “Drag.” Here the woman described as being like a captive who is willing to follow her captor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 1 4 ty2p figs-exclusive 0 we will run The word “we” refers to the young woman together with the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
SNG 1 4 isr6 figs-pronouns 0 We are glad … We rejoice … let us celebrate The woman speaks of herself as if she were more than one person. Many versions change the pronoun to “I” as the UST does. Other versions present these as the words of the woman’s friends speaking about either the woman or the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
SNG 1 4 at7l 0 about you “because of you”
|
||||
SNG 1 4 geq4 0 let us celebrate “let us praise”
|
||||
SNG 1 4 ag8r 0 It is natural for the other women to adore you “Women who adore you are doing as they should do”
|
||||
SNG 1 5 ez2x 0 I am dark but lovely “My skin is dark, but I am still beautiful” or “Even though my skin is dark, I am beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 1 4 at7l 0 about you Alternate translation: “because of you”
|
||||
SNG 1 4 geq4 0 let us celebrate Alternate translation: “let us praise”
|
||||
SNG 1 4 ag8r 0 It is natural for the other women to adore you Alternate translation: “Women who adore you are doing as they should do”
|
||||
SNG 1 5 ez2x 0 I am dark but lovely Alternate translation: “My skin is dark, but I am still beautiful” or “Even though my skin is dark, I am beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 1 5 rbb3 figs-simile 0 dark like the tents of Kedar The nomadic tribes in Kedar used black goat skins to build their homes. The woman is comparing her skin to these tents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 1 5 dc13 figs-simile 0 lovely like the curtains of Solomon Solomon produced beautiful curtains either for his own palace or for the Temple. She says that her skin is beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 1 6 thz7 figs-hyperbole 0 scorched This exaggeration for “burned” or “made black” refers to the sun changing her skin from light to dark. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
SNG 1 6 fz9h 0 My mother’s sons “My half-brothers.” These brothers probably had the same mother as the woman but not the same father.
|
||||
SNG 1 6 v86f 0 made me keeper of the vineyards “made me take care of the vineyards”
|
||||
SNG 1 6 v86f 0 made me keeper of the vineyards Alternate translation: “made me take care of the vineyards”
|
||||
SNG 1 6 w18k figs-metaphor 0 but my own vineyard I have not kept The woman compares herself to a vineyard. Alternate translation: “but I have not been able to take care of myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 1 7 f9hi figs-metonymy 0 my soul loves The soul is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “I love” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 1 7 v54w 0 feed your flock “graze your flocks”
|
||||
SNG 1 7 f5eb 0 rest your flock “have your flock lie down”
|
||||
SNG 1 7 v54w 0 feed your flock Alternate translation: “graze your flocks”
|
||||
SNG 1 7 f5eb 0 rest your flock Alternate translation: “have your flock lie down”
|
||||
SNG 1 7 v6rs figs-rquestion 0 Why should I be like someone who wanders beside the flocks of your companions? The woman asks this question to emphasize that she has a closer relationship to the man than other women do. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me so that I will not need to wander around among the flocks of your companions when I am looking for you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
SNG 1 7 bq95 figs-metaphor 0 who wanders “who goes all around.” She does not want to have to look for the man. Perhaps she is afraid other men will think she is a prostitute looking for business. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 1 7 b552 0 your companions “your friends” or “your co-workers”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 nky4 0 most beautiful among women “you who are the most beautiful of all women”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 al9c 0 follow the tracks of my flock “follow along behind the flock”
|
||||
SNG 1 7 b552 0 your companions Alternate translation: “your friends” or “your co-workers”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 nky4 0 most beautiful among women Alternate translation: “you who are the most beautiful of all women”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 al9c 0 follow the tracks of my flock Alternate translation: “follow along behind the flock”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 i8sl 0 tracks marks of the hooves of the flock on the ground
|
||||
SNG 1 8 fis9 0 pasture your young goats “graze your young goats” or “let your young goats eat”
|
||||
SNG 1 8 fis9 0 pasture your young goats Alternate translation: “graze your young goats” or “let your young goats eat”
|
||||
SNG 1 9 v2yv 0 General Information: The man continues speaking to the woman.
|
||||
SNG 1 9 gw76 figs-simile 0 I compare you, my love, to a mare among Pharaoh’s chariot horses The Jews of those days considered horses beautiful, and the Pharaoh’s horses would have been the most beautiful he could find. The man considers the young woman beautiful. Alternate translation: “My love, you are as beautiful as any of Pharaoh’s chariot horses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 1 9 l3q7 0 my love “you whom I love”
|
||||
SNG 1 9 zyj5 0 Pharaoh’s chariot horses “the horses that pull Pharaoh’s chariots”
|
||||
SNG 1 9 l3q7 0 my love Alternate translation: “you whom I love”
|
||||
SNG 1 9 zyj5 0 Pharaoh’s chariot horses Alternate translation: “the horses that pull Pharaoh’s chariots”
|
||||
SNG 1 10 u7h9 figs-metaphor 0 Your cheeks are beautiful with ornaments These ornaments could be: (1) jewels hanging from a band around the head or (2) earrings or (3) a metaphor for her long hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 1 11 dza7 figs-pronouns 0 We will make The man speaks as if he were many people. Some versions change this to singular “I.” Other versions take these to be the words of the woman’s friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
SNG 1 11 bp6l 0 with silver studs “with spots of silver”
|
||||
SNG 1 11 bp6l 0 with silver studs Alternate translation: “with spots of silver”
|
||||
SNG 1 12 zt7d 0 lay on his couch “sat eating his special meal.” This probably refers to one of the couches on which people would lie around a table at a banquet. You could translate using the common word for what people do with their bodies when they eat special meals.
|
||||
SNG 1 12 ur66 0 nard an oil that people got from the expensive nard or spikenard (valerian plant with small pink or white flowers) and used to make their skin soft and to have a pleasant odor.
|
||||
SNG 1 12 lp8f 0 emitted its fragrance “gave off its good smell”
|
||||
SNG 1 12 lp8f 0 emitted its fragrance Alternate translation: “gave off its good smell”
|
||||
SNG 1 13 vc5v figs-simile 0 My beloved is to me like a bag of myrrh … breasts Women would place a small bag or pouch of myrrh on a necklace so it would lie between their breasts and they could enjoy its pleasant fragrance. This woman enjoys having her beloved close to her. She adds “to me” to show that she does not expect anyone else to enjoy her beloved in this way. Alternate translation: “I enjoy my beloved as much as I enjoy having a bag of myrrh … breasts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 1 13 bzs7 0 My beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” Alternate translation: “My dear one” or “My lover”
|
||||
SNG 1 13 f8y8 figs-euphemism 0 lying between my breasts If this phrase would offend your readers, you could use a euphemism. Alternate translation: “close to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
SNG 1 14 zh75 figs-simile 0 My beloved is to me like a cluster of henna flowers Henna flowers have a fragrance that people enjoy. The woman enjoys her beloved. She adds “to me” to show that she does not expect anyone else to enjoy her beloved in this way. Alternate translation: “I enjoy my beloved as much as I enjoy the smell of clusters of henna flowers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 1 14 a6jk 0 henna flowers flowers from a small desert tree that people used as a perfume
|
||||
SNG 1 15 x2d5 0 Listen, you “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you”
|
||||
SNG 1 15 x2d5 0 Listen, you Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you”
|
||||
SNG 1 15 m114 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](./09.md)
|
||||
SNG 1 15 fb4x figs-metonymy 0 your eyes are doves This could mean: (1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman’s eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. Alternate translation: “you are very gentle” or (2) the man is speaking of the woman’s white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes as being like the shape of a dove. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 1 16 sbi4 0 Listen, you “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you”
|
||||
SNG 1 16 sbi4 0 Listen, you Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you”
|
||||
SNG 1 16 km29 0 handsome Use the word in your language that describes a good-looking man.
|
||||
SNG 1 16 x3pr 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
SNG 1 16 q43e figs-metaphor 0 lush plants are our bed This speaks of the lush plants as if they were a bed. Alternate translation: “lush plants are what we lie down on to sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ SNG 2 1 nt8f 0 lily a sweet smelling flower that grows in places where there i
|
|||
SNG 2 1 e9ke 0 valleys flat areas between mountains and near water
|
||||
SNG 2 2 ibi6 figs-simile 0 As a lily among thorns … young women A flower is much more beautiful than a thorn bush. The man thinks the woman is much more beautiful than the other women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 2 2 bi45 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
SNG 2 2 y9bu 0 the young women “the other young women”
|
||||
SNG 2 2 y9bu 0 the young women Alternate translation: “the other young women”
|
||||
SNG 2 3 xz7y figs-simile 0 As an apricot tree … the young men People enjoy the fruit of an apricot tree, but the trees of the forest do not bear fruit. The woman enjoys being with the man, but not with the other young men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 2 3 yr6x 0 apricot tree a tree that produces a small yellow fruit that is very sweet. If your readers will not know what this is, you could use the word for another fruit tree or the general word “fruit tree.”
|
||||
SNG 2 3 wf4u 0 the forest The Hebrew word here refers to land where trees grow for which people have no use.
|
||||
|
|
@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ SNG 2 3 pii3 figs-metaphor 0 I sit down under his shadow with great delight The
|
|||
SNG 2 3 b5ai figs-metaphor 0 his fruit is sweet to my taste The woman enjoys eating sweet fruit, and she enjoys being near to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 4 ift6 0 the house of wine This could mean: (1) the very large room where the king would serve many people large meals with wine or (2) a small booth in a vineyard where the man and woman could be alone together.
|
||||
SNG 2 4 rp8q figs-metonymy 0 his banner over me was love This could mean: (1) the banner is a metonym for a military escort. And, the military escort is a metaphor that represents the man’s love which gives courage to the woman who was nervous to enter the large room where the king served many people. Alternate translation: “but his loving protection guided me and gave me courage” or (2) the woman knew that the man wanted to make love to her from the way he looked at her. Alternate translation: “he looked at me lovingly” or “when he looked at me, I knew he wanted to make love to me” or (3) they made love. Alternate translation: “he lovingly covered me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 5 uxb2 0 Revive me “Return my strength” or “Give me energy”
|
||||
SNG 2 5 uxb2 0 Revive me Alternate translation: “Return my strength” or “Give me energy”
|
||||
SNG 2 5 khc1 0 with raisin cakes “by giving me raisin cakes to eat.” Raisin cakes were cakes made of dried grapes pressed together.
|
||||
SNG 2 5 gs2a 0 refresh me with apricots “support me by giving me apricots” or “help me by giving me apricots”
|
||||
SNG 2 5 gs2a 0 refresh me with apricots Alternate translation: “support me by giving me apricots” or “help me by giving me apricots”
|
||||
SNG 2 5 y4qy figs-metaphor 0 for I am weak with love The woman speaks of feeling weak because her love is so strong as if love were a kind of sickness. Alternate translation: “because my love is so strong that I feel feeble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 6 m6ys 0 left hand … right hand “left arm … right arm”
|
||||
SNG 2 6 fq8w 0 embraces me “holds me”
|
||||
SNG 2 6 m6ys 0 left hand … right hand Alternate translation: “left arm … right arm”
|
||||
SNG 2 6 fq8w 0 embraces me Alternate translation: “holds me”
|
||||
SNG 2 7 l67b figs-apostrophe 0 daughters of Jerusalem “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
SNG 2 7 n4wq figs-apostrophe 0 by the gazelles and the does of the fields Although the daughters of Jerusalem could not hear her, the woman speaks to them as if they could hear saying that the gazelles and the does will punish them they break their promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
SNG 2 7 sz5c 0 the gazelles These are animals that look like deer and move quickly.
|
||||
|
|
@ -98,34 +98,34 @@ SNG 2 8 fr67 figs-metaphor 0 leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills
|
|||
SNG 2 9 l5ni 0 gazing … peering The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as possible to describe what he is doing. Your language may have a different way of showing that the speaker is excited about what is happening.
|
||||
SNG 2 9 f2lu figs-simile 0 like a gazelle or a young stag Gazelles and young stags move quickly over rough ground. The woman imagines the man coming as fast as he can to be with her. You could translate using animals in your language that people think of as fast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 2 9 kq5f 0 a gazelle This is an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “the gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](./07.md).
|
||||
SNG 2 9 qbs9 0 a young stag “a young male deer”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 qbs9 0 a young stag Alternate translation: “a young male deer”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 s6z4 0 look “listen carefully” or “what I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully.
|
||||
SNG 2 9 umf5 0 behind our wall “on the other side of our wall.” The woman is in a house and the man is outside the house.
|
||||
SNG 2 9 be2w figs-exclusive 0 our wall The word “our” refers to the woman and the other people in the house with her. If she is speaking to herself, it is inclusive, but if she is speaking to the daughters of Jerusalem, whether she is referring to herself and her companions or to herself only in plural, as in “We are glad … We rejoice … let us celebrate” ([Song of Songs 1:4](../01/01.md)), it is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
SNG 2 9 kf9u 0 gazing through the window “he stares in through the windows”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 s9xt 0 peering through the lattice “he peeks through the lattice”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 kf9u 0 gazing through the window Alternate translation: “he stares in through the windows”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 s9xt 0 peering through the lattice Alternate translation: “he peeks through the lattice”
|
||||
SNG 2 9 z1bl 0 lattice a cover for a window or some other entrance that someone has made by weaving long strips of wood together. Lattices have holes that people can look through.
|
||||
SNG 2 10 hl12 0 My beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “My dear one” or “My lover”
|
||||
SNG 2 10 pah1 0 Arise, my love “Get out of bed, my love”
|
||||
SNG 2 10 pah1 0 Arise, my love Alternate translation: “Get out of bed, my love”
|
||||
SNG 2 10 fff7 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md)
|
||||
SNG 2 11 yv91 0 Look “Listen carefully” or “What I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully.
|
||||
SNG 2 11 eyh9 0 the winter is past; the rain is over and gone In winter it is too cold and wet to make love outside, but the cold, wet time has passed.
|
||||
SNG 2 11 e658 0 the winter is past Winter is the cold time of year when plants do not grow and people prefer to stay inside their houses. You could use the term in your language for that time of year.
|
||||
SNG 2 11 f4hz 0 the rain is over and gone In Israel it only rains during the winter. The rain here is cold and unpleasant, not the refreshing rain of the hot season.
|
||||
SNG 2 12 wfw3 0 The flowers have appeared “People can see flowers”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 j8f3 0 in the land “all over this land”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 wfw3 0 The flowers have appeared Alternate translation: “People can see flowers”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 j8f3 0 in the land Alternate translation: “all over this land”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 sv72 0 for pruning for cutting off branches from a plant so that it will produce more fruit or look better
|
||||
SNG 2 12 x3li 0 the singing of birds “for birds to sing”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 x3li 0 the singing of birds Alternate translation: “for birds to sing”
|
||||
SNG 2 12 zmw4 figs-activepassive 0 the sound of the doves is heard This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people can hear the sound of doves” or “the doves are cooing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
SNG 2 13 mk2y figs-personification 0 The fig tree ripens her green figs The tree is spoken of as if it were actively causing its fruit to ripen. This is a collective singular and can be translated as a plural. Alternate translation: “The figs on the trees are becoming ripe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
SNG 2 13 ef3j 0 vines are in blossom “vines are flowering” or “vines have flowers”
|
||||
SNG 2 13 ef3j 0 vines are in blossom Alternate translation: “vines are flowering” or “vines have flowers”
|
||||
SNG 2 13 xhn3 0 they give off The word “they” refers to the blossoms on the vines.
|
||||
SNG 2 13 wjr7 0 their fragrance “their sweet smell”
|
||||
SNG 2 13 wjr7 0 their fragrance Alternate translation: “their sweet smell”
|
||||
SNG 2 13 m4mt 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md)
|
||||
SNG 2 14 a7lp 0 General Information: The man is speaking.
|
||||
SNG 2 14 wv7q figs-metaphor 0 My dove The Israelites considered doves beautiful birds with pleasant voices. The man thinks the woman’s face and voice are beautiful. If calling a woman a “dove” would be offensive, you could leave out the metaphor. Alternate translation: “My beautiful woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 14 eju1 0 the clefts large cracks in the side of mountain rocks large enough for people to hide in
|
||||
SNG 2 14 afg5 0 the mountain crags “the steep rocks on the sides of the mountains”
|
||||
SNG 2 14 afg5 0 the mountain crags Alternate translation: “the steep rocks on the sides of the mountains”
|
||||
SNG 2 14 bhl6 0 your face Some versions translate this as “your appearance” or “your form” or “what you look like.”
|
||||
SNG 2 15 pu8l figs-you 0 Catch This is plural, as if the woman is speaking to more than one man, but most versions translate who she is speaking to as the man, so you could translate this as singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
SNG 2 15 xns5 figs-metaphor 0 the foxes These animals look like small dogs and were often used in love poetry to represent eager young men who would spoil a young woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ SNG 2 15 v31m figs-exclusive 0 for us … our vineyard The words **us** and **o
|
|||
SNG 2 15 dac9 0 foxes Another possible meaning is “jackals.” A jackal is a type of thin wild dog with long legs.
|
||||
SNG 2 15 wl95 figs-metaphor 0 the little foxes that spoil Foxes spoil or destroy vineyards by digging holes and eating vines and grapes. This could be a metaphor for young men who spoil young women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 15 r16k figs-metaphor 0 in blossom This implies that the vineyard is healthy and the grapes have appeared, but they are not ready for harvest. This could be a metaphor for a young lady ready for marriage and bearing children. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 16 zb2r 0 My beloved is mine “My beloved belongs to me”
|
||||
SNG 2 16 lxy4 0 I am his “I belong to him”
|
||||
SNG 2 16 zb2r 0 My beloved is mine Alternate translation: “My beloved belongs to me”
|
||||
SNG 2 16 lxy4 0 I am his Alternate translation: “I belong to him”
|
||||
SNG 2 16 n6c3 figs-metaphor 0 he grazes “feeds” or “eats grass.” The woman speaks of the man as if he were “a gazelle or a young stag” (verse 17) that eats plants among the lilies. Grazing is probably a metaphor for lovemaking ([Song of Songs 2:1-2](./01.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 2 16 x5db 0 lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](./01.md).
|
||||
SNG 2 17 b3kg 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
|
|
@ -143,17 +143,17 @@ SNG 2 17 lz3y figs-metaphor 0 the shadows flee away The woman describes the sha
|
|||
SNG 2 17 d8mw 0 like a gazelle or a young stag See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:9](./08.md).
|
||||
SNG 2 17 vlw3 0 gazelle an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](./07.md).
|
||||
SNG 2 17 l8dz 0 stag an adult male deer
|
||||
SNG 2 17 ia1r 0 rugged mountains “rocky mountains” or “rough mountains”
|
||||
SNG 2 17 ia1r 0 rugged mountains Alternate translation: “rocky mountains” or “rough mountains”
|
||||
SNG 3 intro t72h 0 # Song of Songs 3 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Longing<br>This chapter describes a feeling of longing, or the waiting in anticipation of the one you love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 3 1 l1kv 0 I was longing for him … could not find him “I had a strong desire to be with him … loves, but he was not there”
|
||||
SNG 3 1 l1kv 0 I was longing for him … could not find him Alternate translation: “I had a strong desire to be with him … loves, but he was not there”
|
||||
SNG 3 1 hu3u figs-metonymy 0 him whom my soul loves The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 3 2 uyu7 0 go through the city “walk through the city”
|
||||
SNG 3 2 uyu7 0 go through the city Alternate translation: “walk through the city”
|
||||
SNG 3 2 x9ki 0 through the streets and squares The word “squares” indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads come together. It is often an area where people sell items, a market, and a place where people come together to talk.
|
||||
SNG 3 2 afu9 0 will search “will to look for”
|
||||
SNG 3 2 afu9 0 will search Alternate translation: “will to look for”
|
||||
SNG 3 3 rdd5 0 watchmen men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe
|
||||
SNG 3 3 b9j2 0 as they were making their rounds in the city “who were walking around the city on the walls”
|
||||
SNG 3 3 b9j2 0 as they were making their rounds in the city Alternate translation: “who were walking around the city on the walls”
|
||||
SNG 3 3 pab8 figs-metonymy 0 him whom my soul loves The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 3 4 p5k2 0 the bedroom “the room for sleeping”
|
||||
SNG 3 4 p5k2 0 the bedroom Alternate translation: “the room for sleeping”
|
||||
SNG 3 4 ri8e figs-metonymy 0 the one who had conceived me This is a metonym for her mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 3 5 a3y1 0 General Information: Translate this verse as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
|
||||
SNG 3 5 t61g figs-apostrophe 0 daughters of Jerusalem “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ SNG 3 6 e1ly 0 General Information: The third part of the book begins here. It
|
|||
SNG 3 6 y8wr 0 What is that coming up from the wilderness The group of people is traveling from the wilderness to Jerusalem. They must go up in order to reach Jerusalem because the wilderness is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is high in the mountains.
|
||||
SNG 3 6 z3w1 0 What is that Many versions translate this “Who is that.”
|
||||
SNG 3 6 tjf4 figs-simile 0 like a column of smoke The dust looked like smoke from far away because the people raised much dust in the air as they traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 3 6 w7kr 0 perfumed with myrrh and frankincense “with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense”
|
||||
SNG 3 6 w7kr 0 perfumed with myrrh and frankincense Alternate translation: “with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense”
|
||||
SNG 3 6 bf7f figs-ellipsis 0 with all the powders sold by merchants The words “perfumed with” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “perfumed with all the powders sold by merchants” or “and with the sweet smell of all the powders that merchants sell” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
SNG 3 6 sy9j 0 powders a fine dust made by crushing something solid
|
||||
SNG 3 7 ldh8 0 Look “Listen carefully” or “What I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully. The speaker now discovers the answer to the question in verse 6.
|
||||
|
|
@ -176,18 +176,18 @@ SNG 3 7 rd7d figs-doublet 0 sixty warriors surround it, sixty soldiers of Israe
|
|||
SNG 3 7 u16s 0 warriors men who fight
|
||||
SNG 3 8 sbd8 0 General Information: The description of sixty men carrying Solomon’s bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem, begun in [Song of Songs 3:6](./06.md), continues.
|
||||
SNG 3 8 mm7c writing-background 0 A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
SNG 3 8 v2yx 0 are experienced in warfare “can fight battles well”
|
||||
SNG 3 8 z9n4 0 armed against “so that he can fight against”
|
||||
SNG 3 8 v2yx 0 are experienced in warfare Alternate translation: “can fight battles well”
|
||||
SNG 3 8 z9n4 0 armed against Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against”
|
||||
SNG 3 8 jqy9 figs-abstractnouns 0 terrors of the night The abstract noun “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 3 9 nnm6 0 sedan chair This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
|
||||
SNG 3 10 f5mj writing-background 0 The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
SNG 3 10 w2at 0 Its posts The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
|
||||
SNG 3 10 xnj4 0 posts The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
|
||||
SNG 3 10 rr69 0 Its interior was “The inside of it was”
|
||||
SNG 3 10 rr69 0 Its interior was Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
|
||||
SNG 3 10 apj8 0 with love This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
|
||||
SNG 3 11 i961 0 daughters of Zion “you young women who live in Zion”
|
||||
SNG 3 11 i961 0 daughters of Zion Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
|
||||
SNG 3 11 sj76 0 gaze on King Solomon “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
|
||||
SNG 3 11 tf1d 0 bearing the crown “wearing the crown”
|
||||
SNG 3 11 tf1d 0 bearing the crown Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”
|
||||
SNG 3 11 ei7z figs-metonymy 0 the day of the joy of his heart The word “heart” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “the day on which he truly rejoiced” or “the happiest day of his life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 4 intro r3aw 0 # Song of Songs 4 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### “My sister, my bride”<br>The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite.
|
||||
SNG 4 1 rg3f writing-poetry 0 General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
|
||||
|
|
@ -203,16 +203,16 @@ SNG 4 2 sb14 0 bereaved lost a loved one who has died
|
|||
SNG 4 3 h2in 0 General Information: The man continues to praise the woman.
|
||||
SNG 4 3 t9kf figs-simile 0 are like a thread of scarlet Scarlet is a beautiful red color, and scarlet thread was very expensive. The woman’s lips were red. Alternate translation: “are a deep red like scarlet thread” or “are red and very beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 4 3 v1ae 0 scarlet a dark red color that is very similar to the color of blood
|
||||
SNG 4 3 q1mk 0 is lovely “is beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 4 3 q1mk 0 is lovely Alternate translation: “is beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 4 3 j2a3 figs-simile 0 are like pomegranate halves Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman’s cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. Alternate translation: “are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate” or “are red and full and healthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 4 3 y47i 0 behind your veil See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 4 th27 0 General Information: The man continues to praise the woman.
|
||||
SNG 4 4 i3qt figs-simile 0 Your neck is like the tower of David No one knows if this was a real tower. A tower is a tall, slender building, and saying that David built it implies that it was beautiful. The man considered the woman’s neck long and slender and so beautiful. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 4 4 v4ae 0 of David “that David built”
|
||||
SNG 4 4 v4ae 0 of David Alternate translation: “that David built”
|
||||
SNG 4 4 cq2q figs-metaphor 0 built in rows of stone Women had necklaces that covered their entire necks with rows of decorations. The man compares these rows of decorations with the rows of stone on the tower. Alternate translation: “that has many rows of stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
SNG 4 4 c4nk figs-metaphor 0 with a thousand shields The man compares the decorations of the woman’s necklace with shields hanging on the tower. The necklace probably went around her neck many times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 4 wgq3 translate-numbers 0 a thousand shields “1,000 shields.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
SNG 4 4 swd3 0 all the shields of soldiers “all of the shields belong to mighty warriors”
|
||||
SNG 4 4 swd3 0 all the shields of soldiers Alternate translation: “all of the shields belong to mighty warriors”
|
||||
SNG 4 5 f8qi 0 two breasts If the word “two” seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it.
|
||||
SNG 4 5 ea9j figs-simile 0 like two fawns, twins of a gazelle The man implies that the woman’s breasts are matching, soft, and perhaps small. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 4 5 wd7y 0 twins the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time
|
||||
|
|
@ -222,13 +222,13 @@ SNG 4 5 bb93 0 lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there i
|
|||
SNG 4 6 ks1d 0 General Information: The man continues to praise the woman.
|
||||
SNG 4 6 y1xu 0 Until the dawn arrives and the shadows flee away Translate similar wording in this line as you did the line in [Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 6 re83 figs-metaphor 0 I will go to the mountain of myrrh and to the hill of frankincense The “mountain of myrrh” and “hill of frankincense” are metaphors for the woman’s breasts ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md)). Alternate translation: “I will lie close to your breasts, which are like mountains that smell like myrrh and frankincense” or “I will lie close to your breasts, which smell very sweet” or “I will go to the sweet-smelling mountains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 6 bm4n 0 the mountain of myrrh “the mountain made of myrrh” or “the mountain that has myrrh growing on it”
|
||||
SNG 4 6 ekc1 0 the hill of frankincense “the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air”
|
||||
SNG 4 7 wt7k 0 You are beautiful in every way “Every part of you is beautiful” or “All of you is beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 4 6 bm4n 0 the mountain of myrrh Alternate translation: “the mountain made of myrrh” or “the mountain that has myrrh growing on it”
|
||||
SNG 4 6 ekc1 0 the hill of frankincense Alternate translation: “the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air”
|
||||
SNG 4 7 wt7k 0 You are beautiful in every way Alternate translation: “Every part of you is beautiful” or “All of you is beautiful”
|
||||
SNG 4 7 l1xq 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 7 ci96 0 there is no blemish in you “you have no blemish”
|
||||
SNG 4 7 ci96 0 there is no blemish in you Alternate translation: “you have no blemish”
|
||||
SNG 4 8 v9nd figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The man continues to speak to the woman. He speaks of them not being free to make love as if they were in a wild, dangerous, foreign place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 8 h4yw 0 from Lebanon “away from Lebanon”
|
||||
SNG 4 8 h4yw 0 from Lebanon Alternate translation: “away from Lebanon”
|
||||
SNG 4 8 j8s2 0 my bride This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife.
|
||||
SNG 4 8 m2km translate-names 0 Amana the name of a mountain north of Israel (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
SNG 4 8 ir9l translate-names 0 Senir the name of a mountain near Amana and Hermon. Some people think that this refers to the same mountain as Hermon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ SNG 4 9 k4ah 0 my bride This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married o
|
|||
SNG 4 9 d83s 0 heart, with just one look at me, with just one jewel “heart. All you have to do is look at me once or show me just one jewel.” Both the woman’s eyes and her jewelry attract the man to her.
|
||||
SNG 4 9 laj2 0 necklace This necklace probably went around her neck many times ([Song of Songs 4:4](./04.md)).
|
||||
SNG 4 10 wbn5 0 General Information: The man continues to praise the woman.
|
||||
SNG 4 10 g6qt 0 How beautiful is your love “Your love is wonderful”
|
||||
SNG 4 10 g6qt 0 How beautiful is your love Alternate translation: “Your love is wonderful”
|
||||
SNG 4 10 v1gy figs-idiom 0 my sister This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
SNG 4 10 ibb8 0 my bride This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 10 td9x 0 How much better is your love than wine “Your love is much better than wine.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 1:2](../01/01.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ SNG 4 12 j45u figs-metaphor 0 is a garden locked up “is a garden that no one
|
|||
SNG 4 12 i5nb figs-metaphor 0 a spring that is sealed “a spring with a cover on it.” The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 13 uvg6 figs-euphemism 0 Your branches branches or channels of rivers, a clear euphemism for the female body part. If any reference to this would be offensive, translate it as a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “You” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
SNG 4 13 i3mi 0 a grove a place where many trees grow together
|
||||
SNG 4 13 eji6 0 with choice fruits “with the best kinds of fruits”
|
||||
SNG 4 13 eji6 0 with choice fruits Alternate translation: “with the best kinds of fruits”
|
||||
SNG 4 13 q938 0 nard plants plants that give oil that people used to make their skin soft and to have a pleasant odor. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 13 dju5 0 henna small desert trees that people used as a perfume. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 14 dxj9 0 saffron a spice that comes from the dried parts from the yellow thread in the center of a certain flower
|
||||
|
|
@ -265,18 +265,18 @@ SNG 4 14 ujr7 0 calamus a reed with a pleasant smell that people used to make
|
|||
SNG 4 14 w1cm 0 cinnamon a spice made from the bark of a tree that people used for cooking
|
||||
SNG 4 14 kx8c 0 myrrh See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md).
|
||||
SNG 4 14 bm3m 0 aloes a type of large plant that had a very sweet smell
|
||||
SNG 4 14 p646 0 all the finest spices “all the best spices”
|
||||
SNG 4 14 p646 0 all the finest spices Alternate translation: “all the best spices”
|
||||
SNG 4 15 t9yh 0 General Information: The man continues to praise the woman.
|
||||
SNG 4 15 z2an figs-metaphor 0 You are a garden spring “You are a spring in a garden.” A garden spring gives sweet, clean water that people enjoy drinking. The man enjoys being close to the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 15 t9ch 0 fresh water water that is good to drink
|
||||
SNG 4 15 zl7c 0 streams flowing down from Lebanon Because Lebanon had mountains covered with trees, the streams from Lebanon were clean and cool.
|
||||
SNG 4 16 jv5g figs-personification 0 Awake, north wind; come, south wind; blow The woman speaks to the north wind and the south wind as though they were people. Alternate translation: “I wish the north wind and south wind would come and blow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
SNG 4 16 x71g 0 Awake, north wind “North wind, start blowing”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 x71g 0 Awake, north wind Alternate translation: “North wind, start blowing”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 l273 figs-metaphor 0 blow on my garden The garden is a metaphor for her body, which she has covered with sweet-smelling oils ([Song of Songs 4:14](./12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 16 kdi9 0 may give off their fragrance “may send out their good smells”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 kdi9 0 may give off their fragrance Alternate translation: “may send out their good smells”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 lqh1 figs-metaphor 0 May my beloved … choice fruit The woman is inviting the man to make love to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 4 16 dp46 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 mbn7 0 choice fruit “wonderful fruit”
|
||||
SNG 4 16 mbn7 0 choice fruit Alternate translation: “wonderful fruit”
|
||||
SNG 5 intro kdw4 0 # Song of Songs 5 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Verses 2-7 describe a dream the woman had.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “My sister, my bride”<br>The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite.
|
||||
SNG 5 1 zka3 writing-poetry 0 General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
|
||||
SNG 5 1 m575 0 I have come It is clearly the woman’s lover who is speaking.
|
||||
|
|
@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ SNG 5 2 qjv8 figs-explicit 0 Open to me This could mean: (1) literal, “Open t
|
|||
SNG 5 2 rx38 figs-idiom 0 my sister This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/09.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
SNG 5 2 d52k 0 my love “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 2 c27j 0 my dove See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:14](../02/14.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 2 gaj1 0 undefiled one “my perfect one” or “my faithful one” or “my innocent one”
|
||||
SNG 5 2 gaj1 0 undefiled one Alternate translation: “my perfect one” or “my faithful one” or “my innocent one”
|
||||
SNG 5 2 yh2r 0 dew drops of water or mist that form as the night becomes cool
|
||||
SNG 5 2 d3gt figs-ellipsis 0 my hair with the night’s dampness The words “is wet” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “my hair is wet with the night’s dampness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
SNG 5 3 tr8w figs-quotations 0 “I have taken off my robe … dirty?” This is what the woman thought to herself when she heard the man speak. ([Song of Songs 5:2](./02.md)). This could be translated with the woman saying that this is what she was thinking, or the woman could just explain the situation and her thoughts as in the UST. Alternate translation: “I thought to myself, ‘I have taken off my robe … dirty?’” or “I had taken off my robe and I did not want to put it on again. I had washed my feet and I did not want to get them dirty.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -303,19 +303,19 @@ SNG 5 3 r5cm figs-euphemism 0 I have washed my feet While the word “feet” c
|
|||
SNG 5 3 h4w3 0 must I get them dirty? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not want to get them dirty.”
|
||||
SNG 5 4 w3ff figs-euphemism 0 My beloved put in his hand through the opening of the door latch Possible interpretations are: (1) literal, the lover reaches into the house through a hole in the door in order to open the door or (2) euphemisic, they have begun to make love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
SNG 5 4 hqn5 0 My beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “My dear one” or “My lover”
|
||||
SNG 5 4 nns1 0 door latch “door lock”
|
||||
SNG 5 4 nns1 0 door latch Alternate translation: “door lock”
|
||||
SNG 5 5 w3k2 figs-metaphor 0 I got up to open the door for my beloved This could mean: (1) literal, the young woman got out of bed in order to let the man into the house, or (2) metaphorical. Alternate translation: “I prepared myself to make love with my beloved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 5 q3qx figs-euphemism 0 my hands … my fingers … door handle While these may be euphemisms for the woman’s and man’s bodies, it is best to translate literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
SNG 5 5 ycr1 0 with moist myrrh “with liquid myrrh”
|
||||
SNG 5 5 ycr1 0 with moist myrrh Alternate translation: “with liquid myrrh”
|
||||
SNG 5 6 vgj4 0 General Information: The woman continues to describe her dream.
|
||||
SNG 5 6 b7qk 0 my beloved See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 6 z8na figs-metaphor 0 My heart sank The heart is a metaphor for the person, and sinking, going down, is a metaphor for becoming weak or sad. Alternate translation: “I was very sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 7 a9yk 0 The watchmen men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:3](../03/03.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 7 rqq4 0 as they were making their rounds in the city “who were walking around the city on the walls.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:3](../03/03.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 7 v79f 0 found me found the woman
|
||||
SNG 5 7 zhf3 0 struck me “beat me” or “hit me”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 q2vt 0 wounded me “injured me”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 euu8 0 the guards on the walls “the men who guard the walls”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 zhf3 0 struck me Alternate translation: “beat me” or “hit me”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 q2vt 0 wounded me Alternate translation: “injured me”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 euu8 0 the guards on the walls Alternate translation: “the men who guard the walls”
|
||||
SNG 5 7 h38e 0 cloak a garment that people wore over the other clothing on their upper body when they went outdoors in public
|
||||
SNG 5 8 czu7 0 I want you to swear See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 8 j8ub figs-apostrophe 0 daughters of Jerusalem “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -323,8 +323,8 @@ SNG 5 8 w1ul figs-rquestion 0 my beloved—What will you make known to him?—t
|
|||
SNG 5 8 v5m3 figs-metaphor 0 sick from love She loves the man so strongly that she feels sick. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 9 kr5i 0 your beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as “your lover.” See how you translated “my beloved” in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “your dear one” or “your lover”
|
||||
SNG 5 9 eap5 0 most beautiful among women “you who are the most beautiful of all women.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 9 vbc6 0 Why is your beloved better “What makes your beloved better”
|
||||
SNG 5 9 rfp3 0 that you ask us to take an oath like this “and causes you to have us take this oath”
|
||||
SNG 5 9 vbc6 0 Why is your beloved better Alternate translation: “What makes your beloved better”
|
||||
SNG 5 9 rfp3 0 that you ask us to take an oath like this Alternate translation: “and causes you to have us take this oath”
|
||||
SNG 5 9 zp43 0 an oath like this the oath in [Song of Songs 5:8](./08.md)
|
||||
SNG 5 10 qb4q 0 My beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “My dear one” or “My lover”
|
||||
SNG 5 10 xuy2 figs-explicit 0 is radiant and ruddy This phrase refers to his complexion. Alternate translation: “has radiant and ruddy skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -336,13 +336,13 @@ SNG 5 11 m1w4 figs-simile 0 a raven a bird with very black feathers (See: [[rc:
|
|||
SNG 5 12 pn5r 0 General Information: The young woman continues to describe the man.
|
||||
SNG 5 12 m6e7 figs-metonymy 0 His eyes are like doves Translate “eyes are like doves” as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). This could mean: (1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the man’s eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate translation: “His eyes are gentle like doves” or (2) the woman is speaking of the man’s white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 5 12 knr8 figs-metaphor 0 doves beside streams of water Birds that the Israelites considered gentle sitting beside a gently flowing stream are a metaphor for a gentle person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 12 xp2d 0 streams of water “gently flowing water”
|
||||
SNG 5 12 xp2d 0 streams of water Alternate translation: “gently flowing water”
|
||||
SNG 5 12 tr46 figs-metaphor 0 bathed in milk Milk is a metaphor for the whiteness of the doves. Alternate translation: (1) “doves that are white like milk” or (2) milk is a metaphor for the white part of the man’s eyes. Alternate translation: “his pupils are like doves bathing in white milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 12 qe85 figs-simile 0 mounted like jewels His eyes are beautiful. Jewels that a craftsman has carefully put in place are beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 5 13 p7dj 0 General Information: The young woman continues to describe the man.
|
||||
SNG 5 13 ip4j figs-simile 0 His cheeks … aromatic scents This explains that his cheeks are like beds of spices because they both give off wonderful smells. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 5 13 mtt8 figs-metaphor 0 beds of spices gardens or parts of gardens where people grow spices. Spices give people pleasure. The man’s body gives the woman pleasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 13 mem2 0 yielding aromatic scents “that give off wonderful smells.”
|
||||
SNG 5 13 mem2 0 yielding aromatic scents Alternate translation: “that give off wonderful smells.”
|
||||
SNG 5 13 a4hu figs-metaphor 0 His lips are lilies The woman probably compares his lips with lilies because they are beautiful and smell wonderful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 5 13 t4f1 0 lilies See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||
SNG 5 13 x8c2 figs-metaphor 0 dripping liquid myrrh “that drip with the best myrrh.” His lips are moist and have a wonderful smell like myrrh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -357,13 +357,13 @@ SNG 5 15 juu1 0 marble a very strong stone that has many different colors and
|
|||
SNG 5 15 z75c figs-simile 0 his appearance is like Lebanon “he looks like Lebanon.” Lebanon was a very beautiful area with many mountains and cedar trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 5 16 jk4b 0 General Information: The young woman continues to describe the man.
|
||||
SNG 5 16 sc8p figs-metonymy 0 His mouth is most sweet The mouth is a metonym for either: (1) the man’s sweet kisses or (2) the sweet words that he says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 5 16 w3vr 0 he is completely lovely “every part of him is lovely” or “all of him is lovely”
|
||||
SNG 5 16 w3vr 0 he is completely lovely Alternate translation: “every part of him is lovely” or “all of him is lovely”
|
||||
SNG 5 16 pi1a 0 This is my beloved, and this is my friend The word “This” refers to the man that the woman has just finished describing. Alternate translation: “That is what the one I love is like, and that is what my friend is like”
|
||||
SNG 5 16 zd7b 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
SNG 5 16 r6zc figs-apostrophe 0 daughters of Jerusalem “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
SNG 6 intro fa9a 0 # Song of Songs 6 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 6 1 z4sf writing-poetry 0 General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]. The fifth part of the book begins here.
|
||||
SNG 6 1 xnv3 0 In what direction has your beloved gone “Which way did your beloved go”
|
||||
SNG 6 1 xnv3 0 In what direction has your beloved gone Alternate translation: “Which way did your beloved go”
|
||||
SNG 6 1 wr5y 0 your beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as “your lover.” See how you translated “my beloved” in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “your dear one” or “your lover” or “the man you love”
|
||||
SNG 6 1 emy4 0 most beautiful among women “you who are the most beautiful of all women.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
SNG 6 1 ise2 figs-explicit 0 gone, so that we may seek him with you? The words “tell us” are understood from the context. They can be stated clearly Alternate translation: “gone? Tell us, so that we can look for him with you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ SNG 6 2 vrq9 figs-metaphor 0 My beloved has gone down to his garden The word
|
|||
SNG 6 2 v5x3 figs-metaphor 0 beds of spices gardens or parts of gardens where people grow spices. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 5:13](../05/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 6 2 w7gn figs-metaphor 0 to graze in the garden and to gather lilies These words are metaphors for the man enjoying her body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 6 2 st2n figs-metaphor 0 graze “feeds” or “eats grass.” The woman speaks of the man as if he were “a gazelle or a young stag” ([Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md)) that eats plants among the lilies. Grazing is probably a metaphor for lovemaking ([Song of Songs 2:1-2](../02/01.md)). See how you translated “he grazes” in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 6 2 e94c 0 to gather lilies “to pick lilies”
|
||||
SNG 6 2 e94c 0 to gather lilies Alternate translation: “to pick lilies”
|
||||
SNG 6 2 gp6q 0 lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
|
||||
SNG 6 3 z5rf 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
SNG 6 3 lr7w 0 I am my beloved’s, and my beloved is mine See how you translated the similar phrase “My beloved is mine, and I am his” in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -398,16 +398,16 @@ SNG 6 9 dk9e 0 my undefiled “my perfect one” or “my faithful one” or
|
|||
SNG 6 9 m138 figs-hyperbole 0 the only daughter of her mother This is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: “her mother’s special daughter” or “completely different from her mother’s other daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
SNG 6 9 tej6 0 the woman who bore her “the woman who gave birth to her.” This phrase refers to her mother.
|
||||
SNG 6 9 wmx6 0 young women … queens … concubines the women spoken of in [Song of Songs 6:8](./08.md).
|
||||
SNG 6 9 al8y 0 called her blessed “said that things had gone especially well for her”
|
||||
SNG 6 9 al8y 0 called her blessed Alternate translation: “said that things had gone especially well for her”
|
||||
SNG 6 10 cw4k 0 General Information: The ULT understands this to be what the queens and the concubines said about the woman. However, some versions understand these to be the words of the man.
|
||||
SNG 6 10 g6e9 figs-rquestion 0 Who is this who appears like the dawn … banners? They are using this question to say that they think the young woman is amazing. Alternate translation: “This is an amazing woman! She comes into view like the dawn … banners!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
SNG 6 10 y3dp figs-simile 0 who appears like the dawn The dawn is beautiful. The woman is beautiful. Alternate translation: “who comes into view like the dawn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 6 10 vb8c figs-simile 0 as awe-inspiring as an army with its banners The beauty of the woman is so powerful that it makes the other women feel helpless, as if an army were approaching them. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 6:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 6 11 x84j figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The man finishes speaking to himself. Looking to see if plants had matured is probably a metaphor for enjoying the sight of the woman’s body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 6 11 xmc2 0 grove See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:13](../04/12.md).
|
||||
SNG 6 11 vs9r 0 young growth “young plants” or “new shoots”
|
||||
SNG 6 11 vs9r 0 young growth Alternate translation: “young plants” or “new shoots”
|
||||
SNG 6 11 qw4q 0 had budded “had grown their buds.” Buds are the small round parts of plants which open up into flowers.
|
||||
SNG 6 11 w8xh 0 were in bloom “were opening their flowers”
|
||||
SNG 6 11 w8xh 0 were in bloom Alternate translation: “were opening their flowers”
|
||||
SNG 6 12 lt9y figs-simile 0 I was so happy that I felt I was riding in the chariot of a prince The man uses this image to express how happy he is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 6 13 u681 0 General Information: This is 7:1, the first verse of chapter seven, in some versions. The ULT understands this to be the friends and the woman talking to each other. Some versions understand this to be the man speaking to the woman.
|
||||
SNG 6 13 sm5j figs-pronouns 0 Turn back … gaze on you Possible meanings here are: (1) the friends are speaking to the woman or (2) the man is referring to himself in plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ SNG 6 13 x9hk 0 Turn back, turn back “Come back, come back.” This is repea
|
|||
SNG 6 13 za54 figs-pronouns 0 we may gaze Some versions understand the plural to refer to the man speaking of himself. Alternate translation: “I may gaze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
SNG 6 13 c258 0 gaze look intently for a long time
|
||||
SNG 6 13 e2bm figs-pronouns 0 Why do you gaze on the perfect woman … armies Possible meanings here are: (1) the woman refers to herself as another person and is speaking to the friends or (2) the woman is speaking to the man as if he were many men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
SNG 6 13 iqb9 0 as if on the dance between two armies “as if she were dancing between two armies”
|
||||
SNG 6 13 iqb9 0 as if on the dance between two armies Alternate translation: “as if she were dancing between two armies”
|
||||
SNG 7 intro hqv7 0 # Song of Songs 7 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Similes<br>There are many similes in this chapter. Their purpose is to describe the beauty of the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 1 z7jk 0 General Information: This is 7:2, the second verse of chapter seven, in some versions.
|
||||
SNG 7 1 v8jn figs-explicit 0 How beautiful your feet appear in your sandals It may be that the woman is dancing ([Song of Songs 6:13](../06/13.md)). Alternate translation: “Your feet are so very beautiful in your sandals as you dance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ SNG 7 2 n59p figs-metaphor 0 may it never lack mixed wine People used large bow
|
|||
SNG 7 2 q8fy figs-simile 0 Your belly is like a mound of wheat encircled with lilies The Israelites thought mounds of wheat and lilies were pleasant to look at. Much wheat was a sign that there would be much food to eat. They threshed wheat in high, dry places, and lilies grow in low, wet places, so this simile combines beautiful sights that people would not usually see at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 2 w6nh figs-simile 0 Your belly is like a mound of wheat People thought that the color of wheat was the most beautiful color of skin and that round piles of wheat were beautiful. Alternate translation: “Your belly has a beautiful color and is round like a pile of wheat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 2 ah1p 0 a mound of wheat This is a pile of the grains of wheat after people remove the parts of it that they do not use.
|
||||
SNG 7 2 cz8d 0 encircled with lilies “with lilies all around it”
|
||||
SNG 7 2 cz8d 0 encircled with lilies Alternate translation: “with lilies all around it”
|
||||
SNG 7 2 ue5r 0 lilies sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
|
||||
SNG 7 3 le8a 0 General Information: The man continues describing the woman.
|
||||
SNG 7 3 jw6n 0 two breasts If the word “two” seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:5](../04/04.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ SNG 7 3 ugf3 figs-simile 0 like two fawns, twins of a gazelle The man implies t
|
|||
SNG 7 3 jh3u 0 twins the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:5](../04/04.md).
|
||||
SNG 7 3 wr8t 0 gazelle an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
|
||||
SNG 7 4 uv17 figs-simile 0 Your neck is like a tower of ivory A tower is long and straight. Ivory is white. The woman’s neck is long and straight, and her skin is light in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 4 b1sy 0 a tower of ivory “a tower that people have decorated with ivory”
|
||||
SNG 7 4 b1sy 0 a tower of ivory Alternate translation: “a tower that people have decorated with ivory”
|
||||
SNG 7 4 xgt7 0 ivory the white tusk or tooth of an animal that is similar to bone. People use ivory to make art and to make things look beautiful.
|
||||
SNG 7 4 h4ih figs-metaphor 0 your eyes are the pools in Heshbon The woman’s eyes are spoken of as if they are clear pools of water. Pools of water are clear and sparkle in the sunlight and so are pleasant to look at. The woman’s eyes are clear and sparkle and so are pleasant to look at. This can be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “your eyes are as clear as the pools in Heshbon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 4 md6s translate-names 0 Heshbon This is the name of a city east of the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ SNG 7 5 jn22 figs-simile 0 Your head is on you like Carmel Mount Carmel is high
|
|||
SNG 7 5 sr83 0 dark purple Other possible translations are: (1) “dark black” or (2) “dark red.”
|
||||
SNG 7 5 hkk7 figs-metaphor 0 The king is held captive by its tresses This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Your hair that hangs down is so beautiful that the king is not able to stop admiring it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
SNG 7 5 l5e5 0 tresses the clusters of hair that hang down from a woman’s head
|
||||
SNG 7 6 hqx3 0 my love, with delights “my love. You delight me”
|
||||
SNG 7 6 hqx3 0 my love, with delights Alternate translation: “my love. You delight me”
|
||||
SNG 7 7 j31f 0 General Information: The man describes what he would like to do with the woman .
|
||||
SNG 7 7 jy1s figs-simile 0 Your height is like that of a date palm tree “You stand up like a date palm tree.” Date palm trees are tall and straight, and their branches are only at the top, with the fruit under the branches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 7 f6me 0 date palm tree a tall, straight tree that produces a sweet, brown, and sticky fruit that grows in groups
|
||||
|
|
@ -463,83 +463,83 @@ SNG 7 8 f9is 0 apricots sweet yellow fruit
|
|||
SNG 7 9 tqs7 0 General Information: The man continues describing what he would like to do with the woman.
|
||||
SNG 7 9 yrg1 figs-metonymy 0 May your palate be like the best wine The palate is a metonym for the lips. Wine tastes good. The man wants to kiss the woman’s lips. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 7 9 rq12 0 flowing smoothly for my beloved “that flows smoothly for the one I love.” The man enjoys the smooth kisses of the woman.
|
||||
SNG 7 9 ed64 0 gliding over the lips of those who sleep “that flows over our lips as we sleep”
|
||||
SNG 7 9 ed64 0 gliding over the lips of those who sleep Alternate translation: “that flows over our lips as we sleep”
|
||||
SNG 7 10 k7zq 0 I am my beloved’s See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 6:3](../06/01.md).
|
||||
SNG 7 10 j44v 0 my beloved’s This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one’s” or “my lover’s”
|
||||
SNG 7 10 a143 0 he desires me “he wants to make love to me” or “he wants me”
|
||||
SNG 7 10 a143 0 he desires me Alternate translation: “he wants to make love to me” or “he wants me”
|
||||
SNG 7 11 bhr6 0 spend the night in the villages Though the words here translated “spends the night” and “villages” appear together in [Song of Songs 1:13-14](../01/12.md) as “spends the night” and “henna flowers,” and the context both here and there is lovemaking, the ULT chooses this reading because the immediate metaphor is of the man and woman sleeping in the village, rising in the morning, and going out into the vineyards. The word for “henna plants” and the word for “villages” sound exactly the same.
|
||||
SNG 7 12 jsd1 0 General Information: The woman continues to speak to the man.
|
||||
SNG 7 12 iii6 0 rise early “get up early” or “wake up early”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 cs6n 0 have budded “have begun to bloom”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 iii6 0 rise early Alternate translation: “get up early” or “wake up early”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 cs6n 0 have budded Alternate translation: “have begun to bloom”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 r952 0 blossoms flowers when they are open
|
||||
SNG 7 12 ukd9 0 are in flower “have flowers open on the plant”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 q3a4 0 I will give you my love “I will make love with you”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 ukd9 0 are in flower Alternate translation: “have flowers open on the plant”
|
||||
SNG 7 12 q3a4 0 I will give you my love Alternate translation: “I will make love with you”
|
||||
SNG 7 13 v5gj 0 General Information: The woman continues to speak to the man.
|
||||
SNG 7 13 v61b translate-unknown 0 mandrakes This is the name of plants that give off a strong but pleasant scent. The scent is slightly intoxicating and stimulating, which increases the desire to make love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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SNG 7 13 alp4 0 give off their fragrance “produce their scent” or “smell very nice”
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SNG 7 13 alp4 0 give off their fragrance Alternate translation: “produce their scent” or “smell very nice”
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SNG 7 13 xbk7 figs-explicit 0 at the door The doors belong to their house. Alternate translation: “above the entrances of our house” or “by the doors of our house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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SNG 7 13 c2ah 0 are all sorts of choice fruits, new and old “is every kind of the best fruit, both old fruit and new fruit”
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SNG 7 13 jsb8 0 stored up for you “saved so I can give to you”
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SNG 7 13 c2ah 0 are all sorts of choice fruits, new and old Alternate translation: “is every kind of the best fruit, both old fruit and new fruit”
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SNG 7 13 jsb8 0 stored up for you Alternate translation: “saved so I can give to you”
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SNG 7 13 h8r2 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
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SNG 8 intro d35n 0 # Song of Songs 8 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Kisses<br>The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Passion<br>The chapter describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. This is the feeling of strong or uncontrollable desire for another person.
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SNG 8 1 me7m writing-poetry 0 General Information: See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
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SNG 8 1 dp21 figs-simile 0 you were like my brother A woman could show affection for her brother in public. This woman wanted to be able to show affection for the man in public. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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SNG 8 1 v5fh 0 you outside “you in public”
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SNG 8 1 v5fh 0 you outside Alternate translation: “you in public”
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SNG 8 1 zyd6 0 I could kiss you A woman would probably kiss her brother on his cheek order to greet him.
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SNG 8 1 ec82 0 would despise me “would think that I am a bad person”
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SNG 8 1 ec82 0 would despise me Alternate translation: “would think that I am a bad person”
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SNG 8 2 apj4 0 General Information: The young woman continues to speak to the man.
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SNG 8 2 i6ch figs-explicit 0 she who taught me taught her how to make love (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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SNG 8 2 s68s figs-metaphor 0 I would give you spiced wine to drink and some of the juice of my pomegranates The woman uses these images to say that she will give herself to the man and make love with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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SNG 8 2 au41 figs-metaphor 0 spiced wine “wine with spices” or “wine that has spices in it.” This represents the intoxicating power of lovemaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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SNG 8 3 s92v 0 His left hand … embraces me See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:6](../02/05.md).
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SNG 8 3 e5cp 0 left hand … right hand “left arm … right arm”
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SNG 8 3 v65k 0 embraces me “holds me”
|
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SNG 8 3 e5cp 0 left hand … right hand Alternate translation: “left arm … right arm”
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SNG 8 3 v65k 0 embraces me Alternate translation: “holds me”
|
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SNG 8 4 z8a4 0 I want you to swear See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md)
|
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SNG 8 4 rk33 figs-apostrophe 0 daughters of Jerusalem “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
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SNG 8 4 qg8i 0 that you will … until it pleases See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
|
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SNG 8 5 a5w5 0 General Information: The fifth part of the book begins here.
|
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SNG 8 5 xxv3 figs-rquestion 0 Who is this who is coming up They are using this question to say that they think the young woman is amazing. A similar phrase was translated in [Song of Songs 6:10](../06/10.md). Alternate translation: “Look at this amazing woman as she comes up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
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SNG 8 5 p4rr 0 I awakened you “I woke you up” or “I aroused you”
|
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SNG 8 5 p4rr 0 I awakened you Alternate translation: “I woke you up” or “I aroused you”
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SNG 8 5 zfa2 0 the apricot tree a tree that produces a small yellow fruit that is very sweet. If your readers will not know what this is, you could use the word for another fruit tree or the general word “fruit tree.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:3](../02/03.md).
|
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SNG 8 5 g9tp 0 there under the apricot tree
|
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SNG 8 5 d4ub 0 she delivered you “she bore you”
|
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SNG 8 5 d4ub 0 she delivered you Alternate translation: “she bore you”
|
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SNG 8 6 y4fz 0 General Information: The young woman continues to speak to the man.
|
||||
SNG 8 6 jr5m figs-metaphor 0 Set me as a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm This could mean: (1) because seals were very important, people always kept them around their neck or on their hand. The woman wants to be with the man constantly like a seal, or (2) a seal shows who owns the thing that has the seal on it, and the woman wants herself as the seal on the man’s heart and arm to show that all of his thoughts, emotions, and actions belong to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
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SNG 8 6 yzj4 figs-simile 0 for love is as strong as death Death is very strong because it overcomes even the most powerful people of the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 8 6 tci8 figs-simile 0 as unrelenting as Sheol “as tough as Sheol.” Sheol never allows people to come back to life after they have already died. Love is as persistent as Sheol because it never changes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
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SNG 8 6 fvz9 figs-metaphor 0 its flames burst out … any other fire Love is very powerful like fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 6 tw71 0 burst out “burn suddenly”
|
||||
SNG 8 6 tw71 0 burst out Alternate translation: “burn suddenly”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 ir3s 0 General Information: The young woman continues to speak to the man.
|
||||
SNG 8 7 baf6 figs-metaphor 0 Surging waters cannot quench love Love is so strong that it is like a fire that is so hot that it cannot be put out even with an ocean full of water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 7 j6mc 0 Surging waters “Oceans of water” or “Huge amounts of water”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 dd1i 0 cannot quench “cannot extinguish” or “cannot put out”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 j6mc 0 Surging waters Alternate translation: “Oceans of water” or “Huge amounts of water”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 dd1i 0 cannot quench Alternate translation: “cannot extinguish” or “cannot put out”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 e1ej figs-metaphor 0 nor can floods sweep it away Love never changes and always stays the same so it is like something that not even a powerful flood can move. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 7 dju9 0 floods In Israel, water from the rain flows into deep and narrow valleys. This creates a flood of water so powerful that it can move huge boulders and trees.
|
||||
SNG 8 7 kqk9 0 sweep it away “carry it away” or “wash it away”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 kqk9 0 sweep it away Alternate translation: “carry it away” or “wash it away”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 jwh1 figs-hypo 0 If a man gave … the offer would utterly be despised This is something that could possibly happen. Alternate translation: “Even if a man … he would be utterly despised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
SNG 8 7 g5ja 0 gave offered to give
|
||||
SNG 8 7 l4u3 0 all the possessions in his house “everything he owns”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 n3pn 0 for love “in order to get love” or “in order to buy love”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 l4u3 0 all the possessions in his house Alternate translation: “everything he owns”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 n3pn 0 for love Alternate translation: “in order to get love” or “in order to buy love”
|
||||
SNG 8 7 nt2s figs-activepassive 0 the offer would utterly be despised This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people would completely despise him” or “people would harshly ridicule him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
SNG 8 8 au5a 0 little sister “young sister”
|
||||
SNG 8 8 au5a 0 little sister Alternate translation: “young sister”
|
||||
SNG 8 8 t852 figs-rquestion 0 What can we do … in marriage? The speaker uses this question to introduce what he wants to say. Alternate translation: “This is what we will do … in marriage.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
SNG 8 8 g5fp figs-idiom 0 she will be promised in marriage This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a man comes and wants to marry her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
SNG 8 9 mpf5 0 General Information: The young woman’s brothers continue to speak among themselves.
|
||||
SNG 8 9 x3j1 figs-metaphor 0 If she is a wall … If she is a door The little sister ([Song of Songs 8:8](./08.md)) has very small breasts that either have not grown or are very small. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 9 am5u figs-metaphor 0 we will build on her a tower of silver … we will adorn her with boards of cedar The brothers decide to decorate the little sister with silver and cedar, symbols of riches, so that she will be more likely to attract a good husband. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 9 cnw3 0 will adorn her “will decorate her”
|
||||
SNG 8 9 cnw3 0 will adorn her Alternate translation: “will decorate her”
|
||||
SNG 8 10 n2vy figs-metaphor 0 I was a wall The wall is a metaphor for a woman with small breasts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 10 mc78 figs-simile 0 my breasts are now like fortress towers Fortress towers are tall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
SNG 8 10 rll2 figs-metonymy 0 I am in his eyes as one Here eyes are a metonym for judgment or value. Alternate translation: “I am in his judgment as one” or “he thinks of me as one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 8 10 b5uu figs-explicit 0 brings peace You may need to make explicit to whom the woman brings peace. Alternate translation: “brings him peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
SNG 8 10 hi47 0 peace “well-being”
|
||||
SNG 8 10 hi47 0 peace Alternate translation: “well-being”
|
||||
SNG 8 11 tt74 0 General Information: Possible interpretations: (1) The woman contrasts the way she wants to give herself to the man, who will give her his love, to the way Solomon leases out his vineyard to those who will give him money. (2) The man contrasts the woman, whom he will not give to another man, to Solomon’s vineyard, which he gave to other men.
|
||||
SNG 8 11 x2c3 translate-names 0 Baal Hamon This is the name of a town in the northern part of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
SNG 8 11 mz3u 0 gave the vineyard leased, agreed to let other people pay him so they could grow grapes in the vineyard
|
||||
SNG 8 11 b1b3 0 to those who would maintain it “to people who would take care of it”
|
||||
SNG 8 11 b1b3 0 to those who would maintain it Alternate translation: “to people who would take care of it”
|
||||
SNG 8 11 h77m figs-ellipsis 0 Each one was to bring a thousand shekels of silver for its fruit It may be helpful to state that this payment was for the fruit of the vineyard. Alternate translation: “Each man was supposed to give Solomon a thousand shekels as payment for the fruit of the vineyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
SNG 8 11 t2dp translate-bmoney 0 to bring a thousand shekels of silver “to bring 1,000 shekels of silver.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
SNG 8 11 e3jp 0 shekels “coins”
|
||||
SNG 8 11 e3jp 0 shekels Alternate translation: “coins”
|
||||
SNG 8 11 mm2j figs-apostrophe 0 Solomon Some versions understand the woman to be speaking directly to Solomon. Others understand her to be speaking in an apostrophe to her friends, to the man, or to herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
SNG 8 12 za66 figs-metaphor 0 My vineyard, my very own The woman refers to herself as a vineyard, as in [Song of Songs 1:6](../01/05.md). Here she emphasizes that she and no one else will decide what she dies with the “vineyard.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
SNG 8 12 gc75 figs-idiom 0 is before me This is an idiom that means the a person has the right to do what they want with something. Alternate translation: “is at my disposal” or “is mine to do with as I desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
|
@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ SNG 8 12 tl1c 0 the thousand shekels are for you, Solomon The woman knows that
|
|||
SNG 8 12 t7u1 0 the two hundred shekels The speaker has not mentioned these before, but the hearer would understand that she is speaking of the money that those who worked the vineyard would have left for their own after they paid Solomon.
|
||||
SNG 8 13 dp6s figs-you 0 You who live The man is speaking to the woman, so “you” and “live” are feminine singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
SNG 8 13 zm5h figs-metonymy 0 listening for your voice The voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for thinking only of what one is listening for, you could use it here. Alternate translation: “waiting to hear you start speaking” or “waiting to hear what you have to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
SNG 8 13 ew6z 0 let me hear it “let me hear your voice.”
|
||||
SNG 8 13 ew6z 0 let me hear it Alternate translation: “let me hear your voice.”
|
||||
SNG 8 14 vrp7 0 my beloved This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
|
||||
SNG 8 14 zh44 0 like a gazelle or a young stag See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:9](../02/08.md).
|
||||
SNG 8 14 yhn7 0 gazelle a type of slender deer-like animal with long curved horns
|
||||
|
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Reference in New Issue