diff --git a/en_tn_02-EXO.tsv b/en_tn_02-EXO.tsv
index 732de2bedd..c580d6ef74 100644
--- a/en_tn_02-EXO.tsv
+++ b/en_tn_02-EXO.tsv
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ EXO	5	3	y9ip		אֱלֹהֵ֥י הָ⁠עִבְרִ֖ים	1	God of the Hebrews	Th
 EXO	5	3	kclj	figs-exclusive	עָלֵ֑י⁠נוּ נֵ֣לֲכָה…וְ⁠נִזְבְּחָה֙…יִפְגָּעֵ֔⁠נוּ	1		Here, **us** (or “we” in UST) refers to the Hebrew people (the Israelites). It excludes Pharaoh and his people. Some languages may need to consider whether to use an inclusive or exclusive form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 EXO	5	3	gfs5	figs-metonymy	בֶ⁠חָֽרֶב	1	or with the sword	Here, **sword** represents war or an attack by enemies. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	5	4	cb7w	figs-quotemarks	לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם	1		This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with first-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
-EXO	5	4	kl1i	figs-rquestion	לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו	1	why are you taking the people from their work?	Pharaoh uses this rhetorical question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+EXO	5	4	kl1i	figs-rquestion	לָ֚⁠מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְ⁠אַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם מִ⁠מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י⁠ו	1	why are you taking the people from their work?	Pharaoh uses this rhetorical question to express his anger toward Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	5	4	fiw9	figs-youdual	לְכ֖וּ לְ⁠סִבְלֹתֵי⁠כֶֽם	1		This **your** could refer to Moses and Aaron, or it could mean “all you Israelite people.” The second meaning is more likely. If your language uses different forms of “you” depending on the number of people addressed, use a dual or plural form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
 EXO	5	5	nqbe	figs-aside	וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֔ה	1		It is unusual for the same speaker to be reintroduced like this. Some translations omit the repetition, but there is another option. This statement may be more connected to the next couple of verses, so it might be appropriate to make a minor break before this verse. Pharaoh may have been commenting to himself, or he may have only thought this statement silently; either way, it led to his next actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-aside]])
 EXO	5	5	todi		הֵן	1		**Behold** is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say.
@@ -1027,7 +1027,7 @@ EXO	12	13	ox3l	figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם	1		Yahwe
 EXO	12	14	fa9q		וְ⁠הָיָה֩ הַ⁠יּ֨וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֤ה	1		Verses 14-[20](../12/20.md) are instructions for the Israelites’ future celebration of the Passover. If your language makes a distinction between near and far future events or between near and general commands, you may need to make clear that these verses primarily have a later application.
 EXO	12	14	usns	translate-hebrewmonths	הַ⁠יּ֨וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֤ה	1		Here, **this day** means the tenth day of the first month of every year. On this day every year, they must celebrate the Passover. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
 EXO	12	15	xsb9		אַ֚ךְ	1		Alternate translation: “Surely” or “Indeed”
-EXO	12	15	i9n3	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֞ה הַ⁠נֶּ֤פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִוא֙ מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	that person must be cut off from Israel	The metaphor **cut off** could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “he must be sent away” (2) Alternate translation: “he will no longer be considered to be one of the people of Israel” (3) Alternate translation: “he must be killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	12	15	i9n3	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֞ה הַ⁠נֶּ֤פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִוא֙ מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	that person must be cut off from Israel	The metaphor cut off could mean: (1) the person must leave. Alternate translation: “he must be sent away” (2) the person is no longer an Israelite. Alternate translation: “he will no longer be considered to be one of the people of Israel” (3) the person must die. Alternate translation: “he must be killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	12	15	enw3	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֞ה הַ⁠נֶּ֤פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִוא֙ מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1		As noted in the previous note, the metaphor **cut off** has at least three possible meanings. By whom that person will be cut off is not specified; it could be the Israelites or Yahweh. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The following alternate translations express those: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	12	15	eqzu	grammar-collectivenouns	מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1		**Israel** is a collective noun referring to the nation or people group. Alternate translation: “from the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	12	16	bzj6	figs-activepassive	וּ⁠בַ⁠יּ֤וֹם הָ⁠רִאשׁוֹן֙ מִקְרָא־קֹ֔דֶשׁ וּ⁠בַ⁠יּוֹם֙ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִקְרָא־קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָ⁠כֶ֑ם	1	an assembly that is set apart to me	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And on the first day and on the seventh day, you shall have an assembly of holiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -1130,23 +1130,23 @@ EXO	13	17	cv8n	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִ֗י	1		This marks the transition
 EXO	13	17	pum6	grammar-connect-condition-contrary	וְ⁠לֹא־נָחָ֣⁠ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים דֶּ֚רֶךְ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֥י קָר֖וֹב ה֑וּא	1		The route on which God took the Israelites was not the expected route. In some languages you may need to put the portion that describes the expectation first. Alternate translation: “although it was nearby, God did not lead them by way of the land of the Philistines.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary]])
 EXO	13	17	upop	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	פֶּֽן־יִנָּחֵ֥ם הָ⁠עָ֛ם בִּ⁠רְאֹתָ֥⁠ם מִלְחָמָ֖ה וְ⁠שָׁ֥בוּ מִצְרָֽיְמָ⁠ה	1		In some languages you may need to put the reason before the hypothetical result. Alternate translation: “When they see war, they may repent and return to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
 EXO	13	17	fjvz		יִנָּחֵ֥ם	1		Alternate translation: “turn back”
-EXO	13	18	c4tw		וַ⁠חֲמֻשִׁ֛ים	1		The meaning of this term (**by fives**) is uncertain. Many English translations opt for something like “prepared for battle” because this seems to be the meaning in Numbers 32:17 and the related verses in Joshua 1:14 and 4:12. Because of what the previous verse said about war, it may mean that they went out in formation—like an army would march—but perhaps not armed. Alternate translation: “And … in formation like an army”
+EXO	13	18	c4tw		וַ⁠חֲמֻשִׁ֛ים	1		The meaning of this term (**by fives**) is uncertain. Many English translations opt for something like “prepared for battle,” because this seems to be the meaning in Numbers 32:17 and the related verses in Joshua 1:14 and 4:12. Because of what the previous verse said about war, it may mean that they went out in formation—like an army would march—but perhaps not armed. Alternate translation: “And … in formation like an army”
 EXO	13	19	cxyk		וַ⁠יִּקַּ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־עַצְמ֥וֹת יוֹסֵ֖ף עִמּ֑⁠וֹ	1		See Joshua 24:32 regarding the burial of Joseph’s bones.
 EXO	13	19	dnlp		פָּקֹ֨ד יִפְקֹ֤ד אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶתְ⁠כֶ֔ם וְ⁠הַעֲלִיתֶ֧ם אֶת־עַצְמֹתַ֛⁠י מִ⁠זֶּ֖ה אִתְּ⁠כֶֽם	1		This is an almost exact quote of what Joseph said in Genesis 50:25; reference your translation there when translating this.
-EXO	13	20	qob9		מִ⁠סֻּכֹּ֑ת וַ⁠יַּחֲנ֣וּ בְ⁠אֵתָ֔ם	1		Alternate translation: “from a place named Succoth and they camped at a place named Etham”
-EXO	13	20	xq5d	translate-names	בְ⁠אֵתָ֔ם	1	camped at Etham	**Etham** was possibly located south of the route heading towards the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	13	20	qob9		מִ⁠סֻּכֹּ֑ת וַ⁠יַּחֲנ֣וּ בְ⁠אֵתָ֔ם	1		Alternate translation: “from a place named Succoth, and they camped at a place named Etham”
+EXO	13	20	xq5d	translate-names	בְ⁠אֵתָ֔ם	1	camped at Etham	**Etham** was possibly located south of the route heading toward the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	13	21	yi2p	figs-metonymy	וַֽ⁠יהוָ֡ה הֹלֵךְ֩ לִ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶ֨ם	1		Here, **before their faces** means “in front of the people.” Alternate translation: “And Yahweh led them by going in front of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	13	21	jnv8		בְּ⁠עַמּ֤וּד עָנָן֙…בְּ⁠עַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ	1	pillar of cloud…pillar of fire	The possessive here indicates characteristic. The **cloud** and **fire** looked like a **pillar**. Alternate translation: “in a cloud that looked like a pillar … in a fire that looked like a pillar” or “in a pillar-shaped cloud … in a pillar-shaped fire”
 EXO	13	21	nr02		לְ⁠הָאִ֣יר לָ⁠הֶ֑ם	1		Alternate translation: “to be light for them”
-EXO	13	21	i7yl	grammar-connect-logic-result	אֵ֖שׁ לְ⁠הָאִ֣יר לָ⁠הֶ֑ם לָ⁠לֶ֖כֶת יוֹמָ֥ם וָ⁠לָֽיְלָה	1		They could travel by either day or night because God provided light at night. You could reorder the cause and effect if that is more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fire. They could go by day or by night because he was light to them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])<br><br><br>
+EXO	13	21	i7yl	grammar-connect-logic-result	אֵ֖שׁ לְ⁠הָאִ֣יר לָ⁠הֶ֑ם לָ⁠לֶ֖כֶת יוֹמָ֥ם וָ⁠לָֽיְלָה	1		They could travel either by day or night because God provided light at night. You could reorder the cause and effect if that is more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fire. They could go by day or by night because he was light to them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])\n\n\n
 EXO	13	22	iiuj		עַמּ֤וּד הֶֽ⁠עָנָן֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וְ⁠עַמּ֥וּד הָ⁠אֵ֖שׁ לָ֑יְלָה	1		See how you translated this in [13:21](../13/21.md).
 EXO	13	22	qxks	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י הָ⁠עָֽם	1		Here, **from the face of the people** means “from in front of the people” where they could see it. Alternate translation: “from where they could see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	14	intro	jq4u			0		# Exodus 14 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter contains an important event in the history of Israel known as the “parting of the sea of reeds (Red Sea).”<br>Throughout this chapter and chapter 15, the word “sea” is used. The context shows that this is the sea of reeds (Red Sea). Since the text does not explicitly say that though, the ULT will only say “sea.” In your translation, it may help people to be more specific than the text, if just using “sea” is confusing.<br><br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>### Pharaoh’s chariots<br><br>These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
+EXO	14	intro	jq4u			0		# Exodus 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter contains an important event in the history of Israel known as the “parting of the sea of reeds (Red Sea).”\nThroughout this chapter and chapter 15, the word “sea” is used. The context shows that this is the sea of reeds (Red Sea). Since the text does not explicitly say that though, the ULT will only say “sea.” In your translation, it may help people to be more specific than the text, if just using “sea” is confusing.\n\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Pharaoh’s hard heart\n\nPharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.\n\n### Pharaoh’s chariots\n\nThese chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical Questions\n\nThe Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
 EXO	14	2	b5qq	figs-quotemarks	דַּבֵּר֮	1		This verse begins a direct quote which continues into [verse 4](../13/04.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening first-level quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
 EXO	14	2	mb4e	translate-names	פִּ֣י הַחִירֹ֔ת…מִגְדֹּ֖ל…בַּ֣עַל צְפֹ֔ן	1	Pi Hahiroth…Migdol…Baal Zephon	These are locations on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	14	2	ue2o	figs-quotations	בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ⁠יָשֻׁ֗בוּ וְ⁠יַחֲנוּ֙ לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ פִּ֣י הַחִירֹ֔ת בֵּ֥ין מִגְדֹּ֖ל וּ⁠בֵ֣ין הַ⁠יָּ֑ם לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ בַּ֣עַל צְפֹ֔ן	1		The portion after **that** could be translated as a direct quotation. That would make a second-level direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with second-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “the sons of Israel, ‘Turn and camp before the face of Pi Hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before the face of Baal Zephon.’ ”<br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
 EXO	14	2	c9r8	figs-youdual	תַחֲנ֖וּ	1	You are to camp	Here, **you** is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. If your language uses different forms of “you” depending on the number of people addressed, use a plural form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
-EXO	14	3	c81b	figs-quotations	וְ⁠אָמַ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ לִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נְבֻכִ֥ים הֵ֖ם בָּ⁠אָ֑רֶץ סָגַ֥ר עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠מִּדְבָּֽר	1	Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say that the Israelites are confused in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them”<br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+EXO	14	3	c81b	figs-quotations	וְ⁠אָמַ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ לִ⁠בְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נְבֻכִ֥ים הֵ֖ם בָּ⁠אָ֑רֶץ סָגַ֥ר עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠מִּדְבָּֽר	1	Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say that the Israelites are confused in the land, and the wilderness has closed in on them”\n(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
 EXO	14	3	tz6j	figs-personification	סָגַ֥ר עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠מִּדְבָּֽר	1	The wilderness has closed in on them	Pharaoh speaks of **the wilderness** as a person who has trapped the Israelites. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “It is as if the wilderness is closing in on them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	14	4	dv62	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠חִזַּקְתִּ֣י אֶת־לֵב־פַּרְעֹה֮	1	I will harden Pharaoh’s heart	This means God will make him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his **heart** were **strong.** If the **heart** is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “But I will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	14	4	tw2m		וְ⁠רָדַ֣ף אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶם֒	1	he will pursue them	Alternate translation: “and Pharaoh will pursue the Israelites”
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ EXO	14	4	a7m2	figs-ellipsis	וְ⁠אִכָּבְדָ֤ה בְּ⁠פַרְעֹ
 EXO	14	4	dms1	figs-explicit	וַ⁠יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵֽן	1	So the Israelites camped as they were instructed	This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites turned and camped as Yahweh had instructed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	14	5	t4cn	figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יֻּגַּד֙ לְ⁠מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם	1	When the king of Egypt was told	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then someone told the king of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	14	5	it5s		בָרַ֖ח	1	had fled	Alternate translation: “had run away”
-EXO	14	5	k67b	figs-metonymy	וַ֠⁠יֵּהָפֵךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַ⁠עֲבָדָי⁠ו֙ אֶל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם	1	the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people	Here, **heart** refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “and Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitude about the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	14	5	k67b	figs-metonymy	וַ֠⁠יֵּהָפֵךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַ⁠עֲבָדָי⁠ו֙ אֶל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם	1	the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people	Here, **heart** refers to their attitudes toward the Israelites. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “and Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitude about the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	14	5	go8u	figs-activepassive	וַ֠⁠יֵּהָפֵךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַ⁠עֲבָדָי⁠ו֙ אֶל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם	1		If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Pharaoh and his servants turned their hearts to the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	14	5	wljw		אֶל־הָ⁠עָ֔ם	1		Alternate translation: “against the Israelites”
 EXO	14	5	v236	figs-rquestion	מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵ⁠עָבְדֵֽ⁠נוּ	1	What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.	They asked this question to show they thought they had done a foolish thing. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We should not have let the Israelites go free from working for us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -1163,19 +1163,19 @@ EXO	14	5	kw4x	figs-quotemarks	מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֔ינוּ כִּֽ
 EXO	14	5	dnj3	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	1		This is a collective singular noun. If your language would not refer to a group of people in this way, you may need to translate it as plural. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	14	7	ry11	translate-numbers	שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת	1	He took six hundred chosen chariots	Alternate translation: “six hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	14	7	g2d9		וְ⁠שָׁלִשִׁ֖ם	1		The precise meaning of this term is not known. Alternate translations: “and officers” or “and shield-bearers” or “and three men”
-EXO	14	8	a1r1	figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙	1	Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh	This means God made him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his **heart** were **strong.** If the **heart** is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “And Yahweh caused Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	14	8	a1r1	figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙	1	Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh	This means God made him stubborn. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his **heart** were "strong." If the **heart** is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “And Yahweh caused Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	14	8	doa5		בְּ⁠יָ֥ד רָמָֽה	1		Alternate translation: “boldly” or “defiantly”
-EXO	14	9	x9x0		כָּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּ⁠פָרָשָׁ֖י⁠ו וְ⁠חֵיל֑⁠וֹ	1		It is unclear exactly what the groupings here are. **Horses of the chariots** (probably meaning “horse-drawn chariots”) and **horsemen** could be two groups or two references to the same group. **Army** could mean another group, perhaps on foot (see [15:19](../15/19.md)), or it could be a summary grouping. Furthermore, most translations render **horses of the chariots** as “horses and chariots,” suggesting four total groups (possibly because of [v. 23](../14/23.md)). Alternate translation: “all the horse-drawn chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his foot soldiers”
+EXO	14	9	x9x0		כָּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּ⁠פָרָשָׁ֖י⁠ו וְ⁠חֵיל֑⁠וֹ	1		It is unclear exactly what the groupings are here. **Horses of the chariots** (probably meaning “horse-drawn chariots”) and **horsemen** could be two groups or two references to the same group. **Army** could mean another group, perhaps on foot (see [15:19](../15/19.md)), or it could be a summary grouping. Furthermore, most translations render **horses of the chariots** as “horses and chariots,” suggesting four total groups (possibly because of [v. 23](../14/23.md)). Alternate translation: “all the horse-drawn chariots of Pharaoh and his horsemen and his foot soldiers”
 EXO	14	9	q0jo	writing-pronouns	אוֹתָ⁠ם֙	1		Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	14	9	sb7x	translate-names	פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת…בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן	1	Pi Hahiroth…Baal Zephon	These are places on Egypt’s eastern border. See how you translated them in [Exodus 14:2](../14/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	14	10	s1xa	figs-synecdoche	וּ⁠פַרְעֹ֖ה הִקְרִ֑יב	1	When Pharaoh came close	Here, **Pharaoh** represents the entire Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “Then Pharaoh and his army approached” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 EXO	14	10	vyp9		וַ⁠יִּשְׂאוּ֩ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל אֶת־עֵינֵי⁠הֶ֜ם	1		Alternate translation: “and the sons of Israel looked up” or “and the sons of Israel looked back”
-EXO	14	10	qcy1		וְ⁠הִנֵּ֥ה	1	they were terrified	**Behold** is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. Use a word, phrase, or structure in your language that indicates that the next information is very surprising.
+EXO	14	10	qcy1		וְ⁠הִנֵּ֥ה	1	they were terrified	Here, **behold** is used to draw attention to surprising information that follows. Use a word, phrase, or structure in your language that indicates that the next information is very surprising.
 EXO	14	11	vzw5	figs-rquestion	הַֽ⁠מִ⁠בְּלִ֤י אֵין־קְבָרִים֙ בְּ⁠מִצְרַ֔יִם לְקַחְתָּ֖⁠נוּ לָ⁠מ֣וּת בַּ⁠מִּדְבָּ֑ר	1	Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?	The Israelites ask this question to express their frustration and fear of dying. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There were plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	14	11	x4n2	figs-rquestion	מַה־זֹּאת֙ עָשִׂ֣יתָ לָּ֔⁠נוּ לְ⁠הוֹצִיאָ֖⁠נוּ מִ⁠מִּצְרָֽיִם	1	Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to rebuke Moses for bringing them to the desert to die. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have treated us like this by bringing us out of Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-EXO	14	12	itb2	figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠לֹא־זֶ֣ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבַּ֨רְנוּ אֵלֶ֤י⁠ךָ בְ⁠מִצְרַ֨יִם֙	1	Is this not what we told you in Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-EXO	14	12	ix25	figs-quotations	בְ⁠מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר חֲדַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖⁠נּוּ וְ⁠נַֽעַבְדָ֣ה אֶת־מִצְרָ֑יִם	1	We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’	The portion following **saying** can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “in Egypt? We told you to leave us alone so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
-EXO	14	13	phy1	figs-abstractnouns	וּ⁠רְאוּ֙ אֶת־יְשׁוּעַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם הַ⁠יּ֑וֹם	1		If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **salvation** with a verb. Alternate translation: “and see that Yahweh will save you, he will do that for you today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EXO	14	12	itb2	figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠לֹא־זֶ֣ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבַּ֨רְנוּ אֵלֶ֤י⁠ךָ בְ⁠מִצְרַ֨יִם֙	1	Is this not what we told you in Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+EXO	14	12	ix25	figs-quotations	בְ⁠מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר חֲדַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖⁠נּוּ וְ⁠נַֽעַבְדָ֣ה אֶת־מִצְרָ֑יִם	1	We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’	The portion following **saying** can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “in Egypt? We told you to leave us alone so we could serve the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+EXO	14	13	phy1	figs-abstractnouns	וּ⁠רְאוּ֙ אֶת־יְשׁוּעַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה לָ⁠כֶ֖ם הַ⁠יּ֑וֹם	1		If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **salvation** with a verb. Alternate translation: “and see that Yahweh will save you; he will do that for you today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EXO	14	13	l615	figs-quotemarks	אֶל־הָ⁠עָם֮	1		After this phrase, a direct quote begins that continues until the end of [verse 14](../14/14.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening first-level quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
 EXO	14	13	rrd4		לֹ֥א תֹסִ֛יפוּ לִ⁠רְאֹתָ֥⁠ם ע֖וֹד עַד־עוֹלָֽם	1	provide for you	This statement is very extended for emphasis on its certainty. Alternate translation: “you will not see them again forever”
 EXO	14	14	vcdc	figs-rpronouns	יְהוָ֖ה יִלָּחֵ֣ם	1		The form **Yahweh himself** is reflexive, emphasizing what Yahweh will do in contrast to what the Israelites will do. Alternate translation: “As for Yahweh, he will fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
@@ -1184,8 +1184,8 @@ EXO	14	15	zsgk	figs-quotemarks	אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	Why are you, Moses, cont
 EXO	14	15	a727	figs-rquestion	מַה־תִּצְעַ֖ק אֵלָ֑⁠י	1	Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me?	Moses apparently had been praying to God for help, so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	14	16	stla		הָרֵ֣ם אֶֽת־מַטְּ⁠ךָ֗ וּ⁠נְטֵ֧ה אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֛	1	divide it in two	See note in the [introduction to chapter 8](../08/intro.md) regarding **hand** and **staff**.
 EXO	14	16	t3e4		וּ⁠בְקָעֵ֑⁠הוּ	1	divide it in two	Alternate translation: “and divide the sea into two parts”
-EXO	14	17	z5ub		וַ⁠אֲנִ֗י הִנְ⁠נִ֤י	1	Be aware	**Behold** is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. In this case Yahweh is drawing attention to his next actions. Alternate translation: “Look at what I will do”
-EXO	14	17	qd3l	figs-metaphor	מְחַזֵּק֙ אֶת־לֵ֣ב מִצְרַ֔יִם	1	I will harden the Egyptians’ hearts	This means God will make them stubborn. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their **hearts** were **strong**. If the **heart** is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause the Egyptians to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	14	17	z5ub		וַ⁠אֲנִ֗י הִנְ⁠נִ֤י	1	Be aware	Here, **behold me** is a term meant to focus the attention of the listener on what the speaker is about to say. In this case Yahweh is drawing attention to his next actions. Alternate translation: “Look at what I will do”
+EXO	14	17	qd3l	figs-metaphor	מְחַזֵּק֙ אֶת־לֵ֣ב מִצְרַ֔יִם	1	I will harden the Egyptians’ hearts	This means that God will make them stubborn. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their **hearts** were "strong." If the **heart** is not the body part your culture uses to refer to a person’s will, consider using whichever organ your culture would use for this image. See how you translated this in [4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause the Egyptians to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	14	17	asz9		וְ⁠יָבֹ֖אוּ אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	so they will go after them	Alternate translation: “so that the Egyptians will go into the sea after the Israelites”
 EXO	14	17	hjyh	figs-ellipsis	וְ⁠אִכָּבְדָ֤ה בְּ⁠פַרְעֹה֙ וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־חֵיל֔⁠וֹ בְּ⁠רִכְבּ֖⁠וֹ וּ⁠בְ⁠פָרָשָֽׁי⁠ו	1	so they will go after them	Yahweh is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be clearer in your language, you could supply these words from the context. See how you translated a similar phrase in [verse 4](../14/04.md) Alternate translation: “And I will be glorified because of what I do to Pharaoh, all his army, his chariots, and his horsemen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 EXO	14	17	asfq	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠אִכָּבְדָ֤ה	1	so they will go after them	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And people will glorify me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ EXO	14	19	hsih	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה…מִ⁠פּ
 EXO	14	19	m1do		עַמּ֤וּד הֶֽ⁠עָנָן֙	1	so they will go after them	See how you translated this in [13:21](../13/21.md).
 EXO	14	19	ysv9	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	so they will go after them	This is a collective singular noun. If your language would not refer to a group of people in this way, you may need to translate it as plural. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	14	20	jyz2	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	so one side did not come near the other	This is a collective singular noun. If your language would not refer to a group of people in this way, you may need to translate it as plural. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
-EXO	14	20	c4u5		וַ⁠יְהִ֤י הֶֽ⁠עָנָן֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠חֹ֔שֶׁךְ וַ⁠יָּ֖אֶר אֶת־הַ⁠לָּ֑יְלָה	1	so one side did not come near the other	Alternate translation: “and the cloud became dark and light all night”
+EXO	14	20	c4u5		וַ⁠יְהִ֤י הֶֽ⁠עָנָן֙ וְ⁠הַ⁠חֹ֔שֶׁךְ וַ⁠יָּ֖אֶר אֶת־הַ⁠לָּ֑יְלָה	1	so one side did not come near the other	Alternate translation: “And the cloud became dark and light all night”
 EXO	14	21	qbzp		וַ⁠יֵּ֨ט מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶת־יָד⁠וֹ֮ עַל־הַ⁠יָּם֒	1	east wind	See note in the [introduction to chapter 8](../08/intro.md) regarding the hand and staff.
 EXO	14	21	dfx5		בְּ⁠ר֨וּחַ קָדִ֤ים	1	east wind	An **east wind** originates in the east and blows towards the west.
 EXO	14	21	f9zh	figs-activepassive	וַ⁠יִּבָּקְע֖וּ הַ⁠מָּֽיִם	1	the waters were divided	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh divided the waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -1207,86 +1207,86 @@ EXO	14	25	qzkw	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	Thei
 EXO	14	26	dfg1	figs-quotemarks	נְטֵ֥ה אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ עַל־הַ⁠יָּ֑ם וְ⁠יָשֻׁ֤בוּ הַ⁠מַּ֨יִם֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם עַל־רִכְבּ֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַל־פָּרָשָֽׁי⁠ו	1	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	This is a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with first-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
 EXO	14	26	p5ds	figs-quotations	וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה נְטֵ֥ה אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ עַל־הַ⁠יָּ֑ם וְ⁠יָשֻׁ֤בוּ הַ⁠מַּ֨יִם֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם עַל־רִכְבּ֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַל־פָּרָשָֽׁי⁠ו׃	1	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to reach out with his hand over the sea so that the waters would come back onto the Egyptians, their chariots, and their horsemen.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
 EXO	14	26	pw8g		נְטֵ֥ה אֶת־יָדְ⁠ךָ֖ עַל־הַ⁠יָּ֑ם	1	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	See note in the [introduction to chapter 8](../08/intro.md) regarding the hand and staff.
-EXO	14	26	d46y	writing-pronouns	עַל־רִכְבּ֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַל־פָּרָשָֽׁי⁠ו	1	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	Here, **his** refers to Pharaoh, king of Egypt. Alternate translation: “on Pharaoh’s chariots, and on Pharaoh’s horsemen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
+EXO	14	26	d46y	writing-pronouns	עַל־רִכְבּ֖⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַל־פָּרָשָֽׁי⁠ו	1	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	Here, **his** refers to Pharaoh, king of Egypt. Alternate translation: “on Pharaoh’s chariots and on Pharaoh’s horsemen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	14	27	wn3q		וַ⁠יֵּט֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה אֶת־יָד֜⁠וֹ עַל־הַ⁠יָּ֗ם	1	The Egyptians fled into the sea	See note in the [introduction to chapter 8](../08/intro.md) regarding the hand and staff.
 EXO	14	27	cosa	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנ֥וֹת בֹּ֨קֶר֙	1	The Egyptians fled into the sea	Here, **before the face of** means “before the occurrence of.” If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “before it was morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	14	27	h64r	figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּ⁠ת֥וֹךְ הַ⁠יָּֽם	1	Yahweh drove the Egyptians	Here, Yahweh is pictured as acting towards the Egyptians as if they were dirt or dust on his clothing that he shakes to be rid of them. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh threw the Egyptians back into the middle of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	14	27	h64r	figs-metaphor	וַ⁠יְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּ⁠ת֥וֹךְ הַ⁠יָּֽם	1	Yahweh drove the Egyptians	Here, Yahweh is pictured as acting toward the Egyptians as if they were dirt or dust on his clothing that he shakes to be rid of them. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh threw the Egyptians back into the middle of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	14	28	o9qo	figs-litotes	לֹֽא־נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּ⁠הֶ֖ם עַד־אֶחָֽד	1	Yahweh drove the Egyptians	This negative statement is meant to strongly convey the idea that all the Egyptians were gone. Alternate translation: “Every one of them was gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 EXO	14	30	zvbe	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	1	out of the hand of the Egyptians	This is a collective singular noun. If your language would not refer to a group of people in this way, you may need to translate it as plural. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	14	30	e2lf	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠יַּ֣ד מִצְרָ֑יִם	1	out of the hand of the Egyptians	Here, **hand** refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the Egyptians’ power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	14	30	p5zw		עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת הַ⁠יָּֽם	1	on the seashore	Alternate translation: “on the land along the edge of the sea”
 EXO	14	31	o1oc	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל	1	on the seashore	This is a collective singular noun. If your language would not refer to a group of people in this way, you may need to translate it as plural. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	14	31	np6s	figs-metonymy	אֶת־הַ⁠יָּ֣ד הַ⁠גְּדֹלָ֗ה	1	on the seashore	Here, **hand** refers to power. Alternate translation: “the great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	15	intro	ni4b			0		# Exodus 15 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Verses 1b-18 and 21b of chapter 15 verses are poetry. They are a song of praise to Yahweh because he defeated and destroyed the Egyptian army ([Exodus 14:26-28](../14/26.md).). Translating poetry should be done by someone who is a skilled poet in the target language. Because the forms of poetry are so different in different languages, a translation that is good poetry in the target language may seem very different from the original poem. The structure may look quite different. The poet will be well served by looking at the entire poem from multiple perspectives. He will need to know the meaning of the poem, the themes and discourse structure of the poem, and the feelings that the poem is supposed to create in the reader at each point (UST, tNotes). He will need to understand how that was accomplished by the original form and structure (ULT). Then he will need to compose the translated poem using forms and structures that have the same or similar meaning, themes, discourse elements, and feelings.<br><br>### Structure<br><br>This song follows a basic AB structure which is given to us in verse 1b-c and 21b-c:<br><br>* A - praise to Yahweh - he is magnificent (expressed in various words)<br>* B - because he defeats our enemies<br><br>The song can be divided into three major sections, each of which is patterned as: AB(a)b. Each section starts with an AB portion which is characterized by fewer verbs (or participles, how to express) (especially the A portion). The section then elaborates on each. Note that there are other possible analyses of the structure of the poem.<br><br>Here is an outline of the structure according to this model:<br><br>* Section 1 (see alternate breakdown below):<br>    * 1b: A “Let me sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphantly triumphed;”<br>    * 1c: B “the horse and the one riding it he threw into the sea.”<br>    * 2-3: a<br>    * 4-5: b<br>* Section 2:<br>    * 6a: A<br>    * 6b: B<br>    * 7a: a “And in the abundance of your majesty”<br>    * 7a-10: b “you overthrow those who rise up against you … ”<br>* Section 3:<br>    * 11: A<br>    * 12: B<br>    * 13a: a (possibly) “In your covenant loyalty”<br>    * 13a-17: b<br>* 18: finale<br><br>Alternate breakdown of section 1: it is possible to view 1b-c as the introduction and divide verse 2 such that:<br><br>* 2a: A “Yah is my strength and my song”<br>* 2b: B “and he has become my salvation”<br>* 2c-3: a<br>* 4-5: b<br><br>### Themes:<br><br>There are several images and themes that are throughout the song as well as some that are throughout an individual section.<br><br>* “High” versus “low”: Yahweh is high, while his enemies are low.<br>    * The following words are all related to the idea of being high or rising up: **triumph** ([v1](../15/01.md)), **exalt** ([v2](../15/02.md)), **majestic** ([v6](../15/06.md), [v11](../15/11.md)), **majesty** ([v7](../15/07.md)), and **the mountain of** \\[Yahweh’s\\] **possession** ([v17](../15/17.md)). In the last case Yahweh’s people are brought to a high place with him.<br>    * In contrast, his enemies are low. Note in [verse 7](../15/07.md), Yahweh overthrows those who **rise up against** \\[him\\]. Ideas of being low are as follows: **sank** ([v4](../15/04.md), [v10](../15/19.md)), **deeps** ([v5](../15/05.md)), **descended into the depths** ([v5](../15/05.md)), **melted away** ([v15](../15/15.md)), and **fall on them** ([v16](../15/16.md)).<br>* The strength of Yahweh in [verses 2](../15/02.md), [6](../15/06.md), and [13](../15/13.md).<br>* The effectiveness of Yahweh’s hand versus the enemy’s hand. Yahweh’s hand (and arm) is effective in [verses 6](../15/06.md), [12](../15/12.md), [16](../15/16.md), and [17](../15/17.md) but the enemy’s hand is ineffective despite his boasting in [verse 9](../15/09.md).<br>* There is parallel imagery near the end of each section. The enemy is compared three times by simile to a heavy, inert object. In [verses 5](../15/05.md) and [16](../15/16.md) that is a **stone**, in [verse 10](../15/10.md) that is **lead**.<br>* More parallel imagery occurs at the end of sections one ([v5](../15/05.md)) and two ([v10](../15/10.md)): that of the enemy sinking in the water and being covered by it.<br>* In sections two and three the water ([v8](../15/08.md)) and the other peoples ([v16](../15/16.md)) are made still by Yahweh.<br>* Section two begins and ends with **majestic** ([v6](../15/06.md), [v10](../15/10.md)) and that word is picked up in the beginning of section three ([v11](../15/11.md)).<br>* In section two ([v9](../15/09.md)), the enemies seek to **dispossess** (or disinherit) the Israelites; in section three ([v16](../15/16.md)), the Israelites come to live in the land of Yahweh’s **possession** (or inheritance).<br>* In [verse 11](../15/11.md), three themes for the third section are introduced. These are each expanded on in that section.<br>    * **Holiness** occurs again in [verses 13](../15/13.md) and [16](../15/16.md)<br>    * **Fear** is vividly described in [verses 14-16](../15/14.md) (shake, terror, panic, trembling, melted away, dread)<br>    * Yahweh **does miracles** to protect and build a home for his people<br>* [Verses 14](../15/14.md)-16a are a chiasm, a complex parallel structure where concepts are repeated in reverse order:<br>    * A: 14a: peoples (nations) *become* afraid<br>    * B: 14b: *inhabitants* of Philistia are afraid<br>    * C: 15a: *rulers* of Edom are afraid<br>    * C’: 15b: *rulers* of Moab are afraid<br>    * B’: 15c: *inhabitants* of Canaan are afraid<br>    * A’: 16a: people *become* afraid<br>* In section three, there is another parallel structure:<br>    * [v13](../15/13.md): you led this people => [v16](../15/16.md): your people pass by<br>    * v13: this people you redeemed => v16: this people you acquired (or purchased or ransomed)<br>    * v13: you led them to the home => [v17](../15/17.md): you will bring them … \\[to\\] the place … you made<br>    * v13: of your holiness => v17: the holy place<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The Israelite’s discontent<br><br>In [verse 24](../15/24.md) the word **murmur** is introduced for the first time. This is a very strong term for “grumble” or “complain” that is used to describe the Israelites’ attitude throughout their time in the wilderness. It occurs several times in Exodus and Numbers.<br><br>### Yahweh’s laws<br><br>In verses [24-26](../15/24.md), there is an introductory revelation of the requirement that Israel keep the covenant by obeying the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
+EXO	15	intro	ni4b			0		# Exodus 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nVerses 1b-18 and 21b of chapter 15 are poetry. They are a song of praise to Yahweh because he defeated and destroyed the Egyptian army ([Exodus 14:26-28](../14/26.md).). Translating poetry should be done by someone who is a skilled poet in the target language. Because the forms of poetry are so different in different languages, a translation that is good poetry in the target language may seem very different from the original poem. The structure may look quite different. The poet will be well served by looking at the entire poem from multiple perspectives. He will need to know the meaning of the poem, the themes and discourse structure of the poem, and the feelings that the poem is supposed to create in the reader at each point (UST, tNotes). He will need to understand how that was accomplished by the original form and structure (ULT). Then he will need to compose the translated poem using forms and structures that have the same or similar meaning, themes, discourse elements, and feelings in his own language.\n\n### Structure\n\nThis song follows a basic AB structure which is given to us in verse 1b-c and 21b-c:\n\n* A - praise to Yahweh - he is magnificent (expressed in various words)\n* B - because he defeats our enemies\n\nThe song can be divided into three major sections, each of which is patterned as: AB(a)b. Each section starts with an AB portion which is characterized by fewer verbs (or participles, how to express) (especially the A portion). The section then elaborates on each. Note that there are other possible analyses of the structure of the poem.\n\nHere is an outline of the structure according to this model:\n\n* Section 1 (see alternate breakdown below):\n    * 1b: A “Let me sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphantly triumphed;”\n    * 1c: B “the horse and the one riding it he threw into the sea.”\n    * 2-3: a\n    * 4-5: b\n* Section 2:\n    * 6a: A\n    * 6b: B\n    * 7a: a “And in the abundance of your majesty”\n    * 7a-10: b “you overthrow those who rise up against you … ”\n* Section 3:\n    * 11: A\n    * 12: B\n    * 13a: a (possibly) “In your covenant loyalty”\n    * 13a-17: b\n* 18: finale\n\nAlternate breakdown of section 1: it is possible to view 1b-c as the introduction and divide verse 2 such that:\n\n* 2a: A “Yah is my strength and my song”\n* 2b: B “and he has become my salvation”\n* 2c-3: a\n* 4-5: b\n\n### Themes:\n\nThere are several images and themes that are throughout the song as well as some that are throughout an individual section.\n\n* “High” versus “low”: Yahweh is high, while his enemies are low.\n    * The following words are all related to the idea of being high or rising up: **triumph** ([v1](../15/01.md)), **exalt** ([v2](../15/02.md)), **majestic** ([v6](../15/06.md), [v11](../15/11.md)), **majesty** ([v7](../15/07.md)), and **the mountain of** \\[Yahweh’s\\] **possession** ([v17](../15/17.md)). In the last case, Yahweh’s people are brought to a high place with him.\n    * In contrast, his enemies are low. Note in [verse 7](../15/07.md), Yahweh overthrows those who **rise up against** \\[him\\]. Ideas of being low are as follows: **sank** ([v4](../15/04.md), [v10](../15/19.md)), **deeps** ([v5](../15/05.md)), **descended into the depths** ([v5](../15/05.md)), **melted away** ([v15](../15/15.md)), and **fall on them** ([v16](../15/16.md)).\n* The strength of Yahweh in [verses 2](../15/02.md), [6](../15/06.md), and [13](../15/13.md).\n* The effectiveness of Yahweh’s hand versus the enemy’s hand. Yahweh’s hand (and arm) is effective in [verses 6](../15/06.md), [12](../15/12.md), [16](../15/16.md), and [17](../15/17.md) but the enemy’s hand is ineffective despite his boasting in [verse 9](../15/09.md).\n* There is parallel imagery near the end of each section. The enemy is compared three times by simile to a heavy, inert object. In [verses 5](../15/05.md) and [16](../15/16.md) that is a **stone**, in [verse 10](../15/10.md) that is **lead**.\n* More parallel imagery occurs at the end of sections one ([v5](../15/05.md)) and two ([v10](../15/10.md)): that of the enemy sinking in the water and being covered by it.\n* In sections two and three the water ([v8](../15/08.md)) and the other peoples ([v16](../15/16.md)) are made still by Yahweh.\n* Section two begins and ends with **majestic** ([v6](../15/06.md), [v10](../15/10.md)) and that word is picked up in the beginning of section three ([v11](../15/11.md)).\n* In section two ([v9](../15/09.md)), the enemies seek to **dispossess** (or disinherit) the Israelites; in section three ([v16](../15/16.md)), the Israelites come to live in the land of Yahweh’s **possession** (or inheritance).\n* In [verse 11](../15/11.md), three themes for the third section are introduced. These are each expanded on in that section.\n    * **Holiness** occurs again in [verses 13](../15/13.md) and [16](../15/16.md)\n    * **Fear** is vividly described in [verses 14-16](../15/14.md) (shake, terror, panic, trembling, melted away, dread)\n    * Yahweh **does miracles** to protect and build a home for his people\n* [Verses 14](../15/14.md)-16a are a chiasm, a complex parallel structure where concepts are repeated in reverse order:\n    * A: 14a: peoples (nations) *become* afraid\n    * B: 14b: *inhabitants* of Philistia are afraid\n    * C: 15a: *rulers* of Edom are afraid\n    * C’: 15b: *rulers* of Moab are afraid\n    * B’: 15c: *inhabitants* of Canaan are afraid\n    * A’: 16a: people *become* afraid\n* In section three, there is another parallel structure:\n    * [v13](../15/13.md): you led this people => [v16](../15/16.md): your people pass by\n    * v13: this people you redeemed => v16: this people you acquired (or purchased or ransomed)\n    * v13: you led them to the home => [v17](../15/17.md): you will bring them … \\[to\\] the place … you made\n    * v13: of your holiness => v17: the holy place\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### The Israelite’s discontent\n\nIn [verse 24](../15/24.md) the word **murmur** is introduced for the first time. This is a very strong term for “grumble” or “complain” that is used to describe the Israelites’ attitude throughout their time in the wilderness. It occurs several times in Exodus and Numbers.\n\n### Yahweh’s laws\n\nIn verses [24-26](../15/24.md), there is an introductory revelation of the requirement that Israel keep the covenant by obeying the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
 EXO	15	1	kw29	figs-explicit	גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה	1	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	15	1	bpyj		גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה	1	he has triumphed gloriously	Alternate translation: “he is highly exalted” or “he is extremely high” or “he is exaltedly exalted”
 EXO	15	1	f6ue	figs-metaphor	ס֥וּס וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַ⁠יָּֽם	1	the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea	Moses sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them **into the sea**. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	1	cr5u	figs-genericnoun	ס֥וּס וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ	1	the horse and its rider	This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the horses and their riders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
+EXO	15	1	cr5u	figs-genericnoun	ס֥וּס וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ	1	the horse and its rider	This refers to many or all of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the horses and their riders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 EXO	15	1	ex3p		וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ	1	rider	Here, **rider** could either refer to a person who sits on a horse or who travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling.
 EXO	15	2	pb23	figs-metaphor	עָזִּ֤⁠י…יָ֔הּ	1	Yahweh is my strength	Moses is expressing the help that he gets from Yahweh by equating Yahweh with **strength**. Use a form or metaphor from your language that would express Yahweh’s strengthening help. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Yah is the one who gives me strength” or “Yah is the strong one who protects me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	2	vk6l	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠זִמְרָת֙ יָ֔הּ	1	song	Moses calls Yahweh his **song** because Yahweh is the one he sings about or because Yahweh causes him to sing. Use a form or metaphor from your language that would express Yahweh being a song of joy. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Yah is … the one I sing about” or “Yah makes … me sing joyfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	2	kbv7	figs-metaphor	וַֽ⁠יְהִי־לִ֖⁠י לִֽ⁠ישׁוּעָ֑ה	1	he has become my salvation	Moses calls Yahweh his salvation because Yahweh saved him. Use a form or metaphor from your language that would express Yahweh’s saving power. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “he has saved me” or “he is the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	2	rgtu	figs-parallelism	זֶ֤ה אֵלִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠אַנְוֵ֔⁠הוּ אֱלֹהֵ֥י אָבִ֖⁠י וַ⁠אֲרֹמְמֶֽ⁠נְהוּ	1	he has become my salvation	These lines are expressing very similar ideas for emphasis. If that is a normal way to make an emphatic (poetic) statement or if it would be understood in your language you can translate in a similar way. If, however, repetition like this would create a different meaning, find a structure in your language that would fit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
+EXO	15	2	kbv7	figs-metaphor	וַֽ⁠יְהִי־לִ֖⁠י לִֽ⁠ישׁוּעָ֑ה	1	he has become my salvation	Moses calls Yahweh his salvation because Yahweh saved him. Use a form or metaphor from your language that would express Yahweh’s saving power. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and he has saved me” or “and he is the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	15	2	rgtu	figs-parallelism	זֶ֤ה אֵלִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠אַנְוֵ֔⁠הוּ אֱלֹהֵ֥י אָבִ֖⁠י וַ⁠אֲרֹמְמֶֽ⁠נְהוּ	1	he has become my salvation	These lines are expressing very similar ideas for emphasis. If that is a normal way to make an emphatic (poetic) statement or if it would be understood in your language, you can translate in a similar way. If, however, repetition like this would create a different meaning, find a structure in your language that would fit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	3	p1d5	figs-metaphor	יְהוָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה	1	Yahweh is a warrior	Moses calls Yahweh a **man of war** because he powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is like a warrior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	4	pc8d	figs-parallelism	מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְ⁠חֵיל֖⁠וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַ⁠יָּ֑ם וּ⁠מִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖י⁠ו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְ⁠יַם־סֽוּף	1	He has thrown Pharaoh’s chariots and army into the sea	These lines are synonymous parallels where the second strengthens what is said in the first. Alternate translation: “He threw all of Pharaoh’s army into the sea, including the chariots; even his chosen officers sank in the sea of reeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	4	p8w6	figs-metaphor	מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְ⁠חֵיל֖⁠וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַ⁠יָּ֑ם	1	He has thrown Pharaoh’s chariots and army into the sea	Moses sings about Yahweh causing the sea to cover Pharaoh’s chariots and army as if Yahweh had thrown them **into the sea.** If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “He has made Pharaoh’s chariot riders and army drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	5	yefe	figs-parallelism	תְּהֹמֹ֖ת יְכַסְיֻ֑⁠מוּ יָרְד֥וּ בִ⁠מְצוֹלֹ֖ת כְּמוֹ־אָֽבֶן׃	1	they went down into the depths like a stone	These lines are synonymous parallels where the second clarifies what is said in the first. Alternate translation: “The deeps covered them; because they had descended into the depths like a stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
+EXO	15	5	yefe	figs-parallelism	תְּהֹמֹ֖ת יְכַסְיֻ֑⁠מוּ יָרְד֥וּ בִ⁠מְצוֹלֹ֖ת כְּמוֹ־אָֽבֶן׃	1	they went down into the depths like a stone	These lines are synonymous parallels where the second clarifies what is said in the first. Alternate translation: “The deeps covered them because they had descended into the depths like a stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	5	nqe4	figs-simile	יָרְד֥וּ בִ⁠מְצוֹלֹ֖ת כְּמוֹ־אָֽבֶן	1	they went down into the depths like a stone	Just ***like a stone*** does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: “they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	15	6	jx52	figs-parallelism	יְמִֽינְ⁠ךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה נֶאְדָּרִ֖י בַּ⁠כֹּ֑חַ יְמִֽינְ⁠ךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב׃	1	Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power	These lines are synonymous parallels where the second takes the abstract idea in the first and makes it concrete (though still with poetic imagery). Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you show how majestic in power your right hand is by shattering the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	6	x1fz	figs-metonymy	יְמִֽינְ⁠ךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה נֶאְדָּרִ֖י בַּ⁠כֹּ֑חַ יְמִֽינְ⁠ךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב	1	Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power	Moses speaks of Yahweh as if Yahweh had hands. The **right hand** refers to Yahweh’s power or the things Yahweh does powerfully. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power is glorious; Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy” or “Yahweh, what you do is gloriously powerful; Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	15	6	rmd4	figs-metaphor	תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב	1	has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be **shattered** like glass or pottery. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “completely destroys the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	7	i2x4	figs-parallelism	תַּהֲרֹ֣ס קָמֶ֑י⁠ךָ תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְ⁠ךָ֔ יֹאכְלֵ֖⁠מוֹ כַּ⁠קַּֽשׁ	1	those who rose up against you	These lines are synonymous parallels where the second takes the abstract idea in the first portion (**you overthrow those who rise up against you**) and makes it concrete (though still with poetic imagery). Alternate translation: “you overthrow those who rise up against you by sending out your heat to devour them like stubble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
-EXO	15	7	kmv4	figs-abstractnouns	וּ⁠בְ⁠רֹ֥ב גְּאוֹנְ⁠ךָ֖	1	those who rose up against you	If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract nouns **abundance** and **majesty** as an adverb and adjective, respectively. Alternate translation: “You are abundantly majestic and” or “Because you are abundantly majestic” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EXO	15	7	kmv4	figs-abstractnouns	וּ⁠בְ⁠רֹ֥ב גְּאוֹנְ⁠ךָ֖	1	those who rose up against you	If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract nouns **abundance** and **majesty** as an adverb and adjective, respectively. Alternate translation: “You are abundantly majestic and” or “Because you are abundantly majestic,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EXO	15	7	nd3t	figs-metaphor	קָמֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	those who rose up against you	Rebelling against Yahweh is spoken of as **rising up against** him. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “those who rebel against you” or “your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	7	kst4		חֲרֹ֣נְ⁠ךָ֔	1	You sent out your wrath	Alternate translation: “your wrath” or “your fury”
-EXO	15	7	glq7	figs-personification	תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְ⁠ךָ֔	1	You sent out your wrath	Moses speaks of Yahweh’s wrath (literally **heat**) as if it were a servant that Yahweh sent out to do something. Alternate translation: “You show your wrath” or “You acted according to your wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+EXO	15	7	glq7	figs-personification	תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְ⁠ךָ֔	1	You sent out your wrath	Moses speaks of Yahweh’s wrath (literally **heat**) as if it were a servant that Yahweh sent out to do something. Alternate translation: “You show your wrath” or “You act according to your wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	15	7	a5x7	figs-metaphor	יֹאכְלֵ֖⁠מוֹ כַּ⁠קַּֽשׁ׃	1	it consumed them like stubble	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like **stubble** in a fire. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “it completely destroys your enemies like a fire that burns up straw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	7	guap	figs-simile	יֹאכְלֵ֖⁠מוֹ כַּ⁠קַּֽשׁ	1	By the blast of your nostrils	Here the enemies (or **those who rise up against** Yahweh) are pictured as if they were a highly flammable piece of dried grass. Alternate translation: “it devoured the enemy as if they were stubble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
+EXO	15	7	guap	figs-simile	יֹאכְלֵ֖⁠מוֹ כַּ⁠קַּֽשׁ	1	By the blast of your nostrils	Here the enemies (or **those who rise up against** Yahweh) are pictured as if they were a highly flammable piece of dried grass. Alternate translation: “it devours the enemy as if they were stubble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	15	8	ic8v	figs-personification	וּ⁠בְ⁠ר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֨י⁠ךָ֙	1	By the blast of your nostrils	Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: “You blew on the sea and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-EXO	15	8	qg9g	figs-activepassive	וּ⁠בְ⁠ר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֨י⁠ךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים	1	By the blast of your nostrils	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The blast of your nostrils piled the waters up and made the flowing waters stand upright in a heap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	15	8	qg9g	figs-activepassive	וּ⁠בְ⁠ר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֨י⁠ךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים	1	By the blast of your nostrils	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The blast from your nostrils piled the waters up and made the flowing waters stand upright in a heap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	15	8	tguh	figs-parallelism	נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים קָֽפְא֥וּ תְהֹמֹ֖ת בְּ⁠לֶב־יָֽם	1	By the blast of your nostrils	These lines are synonymous parallels where each line means basically the same thing, but each gives the reader a different poetic image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	8	uevt	figs-metaphor	בְּ⁠לֶב־יָֽם	1	By the blast of your nostrils	The center or deepest part of the sea is spoken of as if the sea had a **heart**. Alternate translation: “in the center of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	9	d8nk	figs-activepassive	תִּמְלָאֵ֣⁠מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔⁠י	1	my desire will be satisfied on them	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language.. Alternate translation: “I will satisfy my desire on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	15	9	lu0e		תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖⁠מוֹ יָדִֽ⁠י	1	my hand will destroy them	The meaning of this phrase is unclear. The word translated **dispossess** could also mean ”possess” or ”inherit.” What seems clear is that the Egyptians plan to use their power to prevent the Israelites from possessing good things. Whether this is a reference back to **plunder** earlier in the verse, or to recapturing them as slaves, or to taking over the Israelites’ place in the land of Goshen, or of keeping them from reaching the promised land (of Yahweh’s possession, see [verse 17](../15/17.md) regarding where Yahweh will bring his people), or something else is not so clear. **Dispossess** was chosen rather than another term because the verb is in a causative form here. Alternate translation: “my hand will possess them” or “my hand will inherit them”
+EXO	15	9	d8nk	figs-activepassive	תִּמְלָאֵ֣⁠מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔⁠י	1	my desire will be satisfied on them	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will satisfy my desire on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	15	9	lu0e		תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖⁠מוֹ יָדִֽ⁠י	1	my hand will destroy them	The meaning of this phrase is unclear. The word translated **dispossess** could also mean ”possess” or ”inherit.” What seems clear is that the Egyptians plan to use their power to prevent the Israelites from possessing good things. Whether this is a reference back to **plunder** earlier in the verse or to recapturing them as slaves or to taking over the Israelites’ place in the land of Goshen or to keeping them from reaching the promised land (of Yahweh’s possession, see [verse 17](../15/17.md) regarding where Yahweh will bring his people) or something else is not so clear. **Dispossess** was chosen rather than another term because the verb is in a causative form here. Alternate translation: “my hand will possess them” or “my hand will inherit them”
 EXO	15	9	sm77	figs-metonymy	תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖⁠מוֹ יָדִֽ⁠י	1	my hand will destroy them	Here **hand** is used figuratively of the Egyptians’ power (that is, their military strength). If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “my power will dispossess them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	15	10	yrj5	figs-metaphor	נָשַׁ֥פְתָּ בְ⁠רוּחֲ⁠ךָ֖	1	But you blew with your wind	Moses spoke about God making the **wind** blow as if God **blew** the wind through his nose or mouth. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “But you made the wind blow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	10	f7d3	figs-simile	צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽ⁠עוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּ⁠מַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים	1	sank like lead in the mighty waters	**Lead** is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. It is used here to show how fast God’s enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: “sank as fast as a heavy piece of metal in the deep turbulent waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
+EXO	15	10	f7d3	figs-simile	צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽ⁠עוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּ⁠מַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים	1	sank like lead in the mighty waters	**Lead** is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. It is used here to show how quickly God’s enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: “sank as fast as a heavy piece of metal in the deep turbulent waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	15	11	wq2s	figs-rquestion	מִֽי־כָמֹ֤⁠כָה בָּֽ⁠אֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה	1	Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: “O Yahweh, no one is like you among the gods!” or “Yahweh, none of the gods is like you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	15	11	pp57	figs-rquestion	מִ֥י כָּמֹ֖⁠כָה נֶאְדָּ֣ר בַּ⁠קֹּ֑דֶשׁ נוֹרָ֥א תְהִלֹּ֖ת עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא	1	Who is like you,…doing miracles?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: “No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	15	12	cid8	figs-metonymy	יְמִ֣ינְ⁠ךָ֔	1	with your right hand	The phrase **right hand** represents the strong power of God. Alternate translation: “with your strong power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	15	12	bkg2	figs-metaphor	נָטִ֨יתָ֙ יְמִ֣ינְ⁠ךָ֔	1	You reached out with your right hand	Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God **reached out** with his** hand**. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “With your strong power you made it happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	12	g7bv	figs-personification	תִּבְלָעֵ֖⁠מוֹ אָֽרֶץ	1	the earth swallowed them	Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with its mouth. Alternate translation: “the earth devoured them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+EXO	15	12	g7bv	figs-personification	תִּבְלָעֵ֖⁠מוֹ אָֽרֶץ	1	the earth swallowed them	Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with its mouth. Alternate translation: “the earth devours them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	15	13	cvea	figs-parallelism	נָחִ֥יתָ בְ⁠חַסְדְּ⁠ךָ֖ עַם־ז֣וּ גָּאָ֑לְתָּ נֵהַ֥לְתָּ בְ⁠עָזְּ⁠ךָ֖	1	the earth swallowed them	These lines are structural parallels where the lines are saying similar things, but the parallelism is more in the construction of the lines. **In your** is repeated and the concepts of **led** and **guided** are very similar to one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	15	14	qlpy	figs-parallelism		0	tremble	Verses 14-16a form a complex parallel structure where things are repeated in reverse. (See the [introduction to chapter 15](../15/intro.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
-EXO	15	14	zi1m		יִרְגָּז֑וּ⁠ן	1	tremble	This means to shake because you are afraid.
-EXO	15	14	uqf7	figs-personification	חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת	1	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of **terror** as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+EXO	15	14	zi1m		יִרְגָּז֑וּ⁠ן	1	tremble	This means to shake with fear.
+EXO	15	14	uqf7	figs-personification	חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת	1	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of **anguish** as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	15	15	qyix	figs-personification	אֵילֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖⁠מוֹ רָ֑עַד	1	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of **trembling** as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Moab will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	15	15	ya48	figs-metaphor	נָמֹ֕גוּ	1	will melt away	Moses uses the phrase, **melted away,** to speak of people becoming weak because of their fear. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “became weak from fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	16	nk67	figs-doublet	תִּפֹּ֨ל עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֤ם אֵימָ֨תָ⁠ה֙ וָ⁠פַ֔חַד	1	Terror and dread will fall on them	**Terror and dread** form a doublet meaning “very afraid.” If your language does not use repetition in this way, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “They will become very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 EXO	15	16	kbt5	figs-metaphor	תִּפֹּ֨ל עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֤ם אֵימָ֨תָ⁠ה֙ וָ⁠פַ֔חַד	1	Terror and dread will fall on them	**Terror and dread** are pictured as physical objects that could **fall on** people. The image might be of them crushing people or being a heavy weight that people struggle under (however, the image is not specified). It means that the people will feel the emotions of terror and dread very strongly. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “They will be overwhelmed with feelings of terror and dread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	16	t2yp	figs-metonymy	בִּ⁠גְדֹ֥ל זְרוֹעֲ⁠ךָ֖	1	Because of your arm’s power	Yahweh’s **arm** represents his great strength. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “Because of your great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	15	16	umm7	figs-simile	יִדְּמ֣וּ כָּ⁠אָ֑בֶן	1	they will become as still as a stone	Possible meanings are (1) “They will be silent like stone” or (2) “They will be motionless as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
+EXO	15	16	umm7	figs-simile	יִדְּמ֣וּ כָּ⁠אָ֑בֶן	1	they will become as still as a stone	Possible meanings are (1) “they will be silent like stone” or (2) “they will be motionless as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	15	17	n5i5	figs-explicit	תְּבִאֵ֗⁠מוֹ וְ⁠תִטָּעֵ֨⁠מוֹ֙	1	You will bring them	Where God would bring them can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You will take your people to Canaan and plant them there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	15	17	u26j	figs-go	תְּבִאֵ֗⁠מוֹ	1	You will bring them	Since Moses was not already in Canaan, some languages would use “take” rather than **bring.** Alternate translation: “You will take them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
-EXO	15	17	t6wg	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠תִטָּעֵ֨⁠מוֹ֙ בְּ⁠הַ֣ר	1	plant them on the mountain	Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a plant that God was planting. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “settle them on the mountain of” or “let them live on the mountain of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	15	17	t6wg	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠תִטָּעֵ֨⁠מוֹ֙ בְּ⁠הַ֣ר	1	plant them on the mountain	Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a plant that God was planting. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and you will settle them on the mountain of” or “and you will let them live on the mountain of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	17	p7kb		בְּ⁠הַ֣ר נַחֲלָֽתְ⁠ךָ֔	1	the mountain of your inheritance	This refers to Mount Zion in the land of Canaan.
 EXO	15	17	ie26	figs-metaphor	בְּ⁠הַ֣ר נַחֲלָֽתְ⁠ךָ֔	1	of your inheritance	Moses speaks about God promising to give his people **the mountain** forever as if he were giving it to them as an inheritance. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “on the mountain that you have given them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	17	ytz3	figs-metonymy	כּוֹנְנ֥וּ יָדֶֽי⁠ךָ׃	1	that your hands have built	The phrase **your hands** refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “that you have built by your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	15	18	ue6p		יְהוָ֥ה׀ יִמְלֹ֖ךְ לְ⁠עֹלָ֥ם וָ⁠עֶֽד	1	that your hands have built	Alternate translation: “Yahweh reigns forever and ever”
-EXO	15	20	gam2	translate-unknown	הַ⁠תֹּ֖ף…בְּ⁠תֻפִּ֖ים	1	tambourine	This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. Alternate translation: “timbrel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-EXO	15	20	hut1	figs-hyperbole	וַ⁠תֵּצֶ֤אןָ כָֽל־הַ⁠נָּשִׁים֙ אַחֲרֶ֔י⁠הָ בְּ⁠תֻפִּ֖ים וּ⁠בִ⁠מְחֹלֹֽת	1	tambourine	Here, **all** may be a generalization, it may not have been every woman. It could be better to translate as a restrictive clause as in the UST. Alternate translation: “and every woman who went out after her had a tambourine and danced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
+EXO	15	20	gam2	translate-unknown	הַ⁠תֹּ֖ף…בְּ⁠תֻפִּ֖ים	1	tambourine	A **tambourine** is a hand-held musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a metallic rattling sound when shaken. Alternate translation: “timbrel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
+EXO	15	20	hut1	figs-hyperbole	וַ⁠תֵּצֶ֤אןָ כָֽל־הַ⁠נָּשִׁים֙ אַחֲרֶ֔י⁠הָ בְּ⁠תֻפִּ֖ים וּ⁠בִ⁠מְחֹלֹֽת	1	tambourine	Here, **all** may be a generalization; it may not have been every woman. It could be better to translate as a restrictive clause as in the UST. Alternate translation: “and every woman who went out after her had a tambourine and danced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 EXO	15	21	f6m3	figs-explicit	גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה	1	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	15	21	hvu1	figs-metaphor	ס֥וּס וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַ⁠יָּֽם	1	The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea	Miriam sang about God causing the **sea** to cover and drown the **horse and the one riding it **as if God had thrown them **into the sea**. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	15	21	hvu1	figs-metaphor	ס֥וּס וְ⁠רֹכְב֖⁠וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַ⁠יָּֽם	1	The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea	Miriam sang about God causing the **sea** to cover and drown the **horse and the one riding it** as if God had thrown them **into the sea**. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	22	iw9n	grammar-collectivenouns	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	1	Moses led Israel	The word **Israel** represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses led the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	15	22	c7pe	translate-names	מִדְבַּר־שׁ֑וּר	1	wilderness of Shur	We do not know the exact location of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	15	23	a9pv	translate-names	מָרָ֔תָ⁠ה	1	Marah	We do not know the exact location of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	15	23	a9pv	translate-names	מָרָ֔תָ⁠ה	1	Marah	We do not know the exact location of **Marah**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	15	24	n64m		וַ⁠יִּלֹּ֧נוּ הָ⁠עָ֛ם עַל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה	1	complained to Moses and said	**Murmur** is a very strong term for “grumble” or “complain” that is used to describe the Israelites’ attitude throughout their time in the wilderness. It occurs several times in Exodus and Numbers. Alternate translation: “And the people were unhappy and told Moses” or “And the people angrily told Moses”
 EXO	15	26	l2hx	figs-123person	לְ⁠ק֣וֹל׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ	1	the voice of Yahweh your God	Yahweh is speaking about his own voice. Alternate translation: “to my voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 EXO	15	26	oh8c	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠ק֣וֹל׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ	1	the voice of Yahweh your God	Yahweh’s voice represents what he says. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “to what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	15	26	sq5x	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּשָׁ֤ר בְּ⁠עֵינָי⁠ו֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה	1	do what is right in his eyes	The **eyes** represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and do what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	26	bgcf	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הַֽאֲזַנְתָּ֙ לְ⁠מִצְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו	1	do what is right in his eyes	The **ear** represents listening and listening represents obeying. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and you carefully obey his commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	15	26	bgcf	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הַֽאֲזַנְתָּ֙ לְ⁠מִצְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו	1	do what is right in his eyes	The **ear** represents listening, and listening represents obeying. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and you carefully obey his commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	15	26	m4cn	figs-metaphor	כָּֽל־הַ⁠מַּֽחֲלָ֞ה אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֤מְתִּי בְ⁠מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ לֹא־אָשִׂ֣ים עָלֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	I will put on you none of the diseases	God speaks of causing people to have **diseases** as putting diseases on them. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “I will not cause any of you to have the diseases that I cause the Egyptians to have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	15	27	did8	translate-names	אֵילִ֔מָ⁠ה	1	Elim	This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	15	27	did8	translate-names	אֵילִ֔מָ⁠ה	1	Elim	**Elim** is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	15	27	p64y	translate-numbers	וְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֣ים	1	seventy	Alternate translation: “and seventy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	16	intro	nkd7			0		# Exodus 16 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Complaints<br><br>After complaining about the water, the Israelites complained that they had less food than in Egypt. This is intended to show their ungratefulness and their sinful view of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Prohibition against storing food<br><br>The people were not allowed to store the food, called manna, that Yahweh provided to them. This is because they were to trust in Yahweh to provide for their needs every day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Sabbath<br><br>This is the first recorded celebration of the Sabbath rest. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Bread as food<br><br>Yahweh speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The manna he gave them was perhaps not literally bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. Alternate translations: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/bread]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Chronology<br><br>[Verses 34](../../exo/16/34.md)-36 are written from a much later perspective. Translators will need to find a way to show that this portion gives background information from a much later point (at least 40 years).<br><br>### Ark of the covenant<br><br>Related to the chronology issue, although the covenant has not yet been made, it is referenced in [Exodus 16:34](../../exo/16/34.md). This is probably an editorial comment made after these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br><br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	16	1	gw67	translate-names	סִ֔ין	1	wilderness of Sin	The word **Sin** here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@@ -1294,9 +1294,9 @@ EXO	16	1	h44x	translate-hebrewmonths	בַּ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥
 EXO	16	1	u2aq	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔י	1	on the fifteenth day of the second month	Alternate translation: “on day 15 of the second month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
 EXO	16	2	h938	figs-hyperbole	וַיִּלּ֜וֹנוּ כָּל־עֲדַ֧ת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל	1	The whole community of Israelites complained	Here, **all** is a generalization. Alternate translation: “And many of the community of the sons of Israel murmured” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 EXO	16	2	nx6f		וַיִּלּ֜וֹנוּ	1	complained	Alternate translation: “And … were angry and spoke”
-EXO	16	3	nwy6	figs-hypo	מִֽי־יִתֵּ֨ן מוּתֵ֤⁠נוּ	1	If only we had died	This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. It is a hypothetical past statement. Translate it in way that makes it clear that this did not actually happen. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
+EXO	16	3	nwy6	figs-hypo	מִֽי־יִתֵּ֨ן מוּתֵ֤⁠נוּ	1	If only we had died	This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. It is a hypothetical past statement. Translate it in a way that makes it clear that this did not actually happen. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
 EXO	16	3	g1n1	figs-metonymy	בְ⁠יַד־יְהוָה֙	1	by Yahweh’s hand	The phrase **the hand of Yahweh** represents Yahweh’s action. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “by Yahweh’s action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	16	4	kls5	figs-metaphor	מַמְטִ֥יר לָ⁠כֶ֛ם לֶ֖חֶם מִן־הַ⁠שָּׁמָ֑יִם	1	I will rain down bread from heaven for you	God speaks of food coming down from heaven as if it were rain. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “make bread come down from heaven like rain” or “make bread fall to you from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	16	4	kls5	figs-metaphor	מַמְטִ֥יר לָ⁠כֶ֛ם לֶ֖חֶם מִן־הַ⁠שָּׁמָ֑יִם	1	I will rain down bread from heaven for you	God speaks of food coming **down from heaven** as if it were rain. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “make bread come down from heaven like rain” or “make bread fall to you from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	16	4	yew5		בְּ⁠תוֹרָתִ֖⁠י	1	my law	Alternate translation: “in my instruction”
 EXO	16	5	p1f6		וְ⁠הָיָה֙ בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠שִּׁשִּׁ֔י וְ⁠הֵכִ֖ינוּ	1	It will come about on the sixth day, that they	Alternate translation: “It will happen on the sixth day that they will prepare” or “On the sixth day they will prepare”
 EXO	16	5	cl74	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠שִּׁשִּׁ֔י	1	on the sixth day	Alternate translation: “on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ EXO	16	9	pqgo	figs-quotesinquotes	וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶֽ
 EXO	16	10	q4ax		וַ⁠יְהִ֗י	1	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. The important event here is the people seeing Yahweh’s glory. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
 EXO	16	10	b6rp		וְ⁠הִנֵּה֙	1	behold	The word **behold** here shows that the people saw something interesting.
 EXO	16	13	aas8		וַ⁠יְהִ֣י	1	It came about…that	This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the events. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
-EXO	16	13	eu1x	translate-unknown	הַ⁠שְּׂלָ֔ו	1	quails	These are small, plump birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
+EXO	16	13	eu1x	translate-unknown	הַ⁠שְּׂלָ֔ו	1	quails	The word **quail** means a type of small, plump game bird. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	16	14	k5lb	translate-unknown	כַּ⁠כְּפֹ֖ר	1	like frost	Frost is frozen dew that forms on the ground. It is very fine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	16	14	jern	figs-simile	כַּ⁠כְּפֹ֖ר	1	like frost	The original readers knew what frost is like, so this phrase would help them understand what the flakes were like. Alternate translation: “that looked like frost” or “that was fine like frost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	16	16	gotf		אִ֖ישׁ לְ⁠פִ֣י אָכְל֑⁠וֹ	1	omer	Alternate translation: “according to how much each will eat”
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ EXO	16	21	jd5t		אִ֖ישׁ כְּ⁠פִ֣י אָכְל֑⁠וֹ	1	omer	Altern
 EXO	16	22	nrx8	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִ֣י	1	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. Verses 16:22-30 tell about what the people did concerning the manna on the sixth and seventh days of the week. If your language has a way for marking this as a new part of the story, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
 EXO	16	22	xk6x	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠שִּׁשִּׁ֗י	1	on the sixth day	Alternate translation: “on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
 EXO	16	22	zj1u		מִשְׁנֶ֔ה	1	twice	Alternate translation: “two times as much”
-EXO	16	22	f4j9		לֶ֨חֶם֙	1	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
+EXO	16	22	f4j9		לֶ֨חֶם֙	1	bread	This refers to the **bread** that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
 EXO	16	23	wc4a		שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבַּת־קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה	1	a solemn rest	Alternate translation: “is a day to stop working completely and dedicate to Yahweh”
 EXO	16	24	y4d9		וְ⁠לֹ֣א הִבְאִ֔ישׁ	1	did not become foul	Alternate translation: “And it did not smell rotten”
 EXO	16	25	pr1p		כִּֽי־שַׁבָּ֥ת הַ⁠יּ֖וֹם לַ⁠יהוָ֑ה	1	today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh	Alternate translation: “today is a Sabbath, a day to honor Yahweh by not working”
@@ -1335,14 +1335,14 @@ EXO	16	29	x6gh		יוֹמָ֑יִם	1	bread	Alternate translation: “for 2 days
 EXO	16	31	r1a5	translate-unknown	כְּ⁠זֶ֤רַע גַּד֙ לָבָ֔ן	1	coriander seed	**Coriander** is an herb also known as cilantro. People eat both the leaves and seeds. People dry the seeds, grind them into a powder, and put it in food to add flavor. Alternate translation: “like a small white seed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	16	31	vrl4		כְּ⁠צַפִּיחִ֥ת	1	wafers	**Wafers** are very thin biscuits or crackers.
 EXO	16	33	ggba	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה	1	wafers	Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])<br>
-EXO	16	34	x9vr	writing-background		0	wafers	Verses 34-36 provide a later commentary on the chapter. If your language has a way of marking background information you may want to use it starting from verse 34 or verse 35. You may want to leave verse 34 more connected to verse 33 even though it references the **Covenant** which has not been given yet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+EXO	16	34	x9vr	writing-background		0	wafers	Verses 34-36 provide a later commentary on the chapter. If your language has a way of marking background information you may want to use it starting from verse 34 or verse 35. You may want to leave verse 34 more connected to verse 33 even though it references the **Covenant**, which has not been given yet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
 EXO	16	34	jzcz	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י הָ⁠עֵדֻ֖ת	1	wafers	Here, **face** figuratively represents being near the **Covenant.** Alternate translation: “near the Covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	16	36	g8ns	translate-bvolume	וְ⁠הָ⁠עֹ֕מֶר עֲשִׂרִ֥ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֖ה הֽוּא	1	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	An omer and an ephah are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
+EXO	16	36	g8ns	translate-bvolume	וְ⁠הָ⁠עֹ֕מֶר עֲשִׂרִ֥ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֖ה הֽוּא	1	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	An **omer** and an **ephah** are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
 EXO	16	36	a9uh	translate-fraction	וְ⁠הָ⁠עֹ֕מֶר עֲשִׂרִ֥ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֖ה הֽוּא	1	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	For languages that do not use fractions, this can be reworded. Alternate translation: “Now ten omers equal one ephah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
-EXO	17	intro	f12q			0		# Exodus 17 General Notes<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people’s rhetorical question showed their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br><br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br><br>### Naming<br><br>As in the last couple of chapters, places and things are named for what happens in that location. In this chapter is Massah (which means “test”), Meribah (“arguing”), and an alter named “Yahweh is my Banner” because Yahweh will be at war with the Amalekites forever.
+EXO	17	intro	f12q			0		# Exodus 17 General Notes\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nMoses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people’s rhetorical question shows their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Wilderness of Sin\n\nSin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with the act of sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n\n### Naming\n\nAs in the last couple of chapters, places and things are named for what happens in that location. In this chapter is Massah (which means “test”), Meribah (“arguing”), and an alter named “Yahweh is my Banner,” because Yahweh will be at war with the Amalekites forever.
 EXO	17	1	jzz5	writing-newevent	וַ֠⁠יִּסְעוּ כָּל־עֲדַ֨ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל	1	wilderness of Sin	A new scene begins here, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
 EXO	17	1	h1li	translate-names	סִ֛ין	1	wilderness of Sin	The word **Sin** here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 16:1](../16/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	17	1	e7jv	figs-metonymy	עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה	1	wilderness of Sin	Here, **mouth** is a refers figuratively to Yahweh’s commands (that is, what he says to do). If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “at the command of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	17	1	e7jv	figs-metonymy	עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה	1	wilderness of Sin	Here, **mouth** refers figuratively to Yahweh’s commands (that is, what he says to do). If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “at the command of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	17	1	j1fm	translate-names	בִּ⁠רְפִידִ֔ים	1	Rephidim	**Rephidim** means “the resting place,” a place to rest on long journeys through the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	17	2	hr9b	figs-rquestion	מַה־תְּרִיבוּ⁠ן֙ עִמָּדִ֔⁠י מַה־תְּנַסּ֖וּ⁠ן אֶת־יְהוָֽה	1	Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?	Moses uses these questions to scold the people. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Why are you speaking against me? And why are you trying to test whether Yahweh is able to give you what you need?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	17	3	cz24	figs-rquestion	לָ֤⁠מָּה זֶּה֙ הֶעֱלִיתָ֣⁠נוּ מִ⁠מִּצְרַ֔יִם לְ⁠הָמִ֥ית אֹתִ֛⁠י וְ⁠אֶת־בָּנַ֥⁠י וְ⁠אֶת־מִקְנַ֖⁠י בַּ⁠צָּמָֽא	1	To kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?	The people use this question to accuse Moses of wanting to kill them. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Why did you bring us up out of Egypt? Did you bring us here to cause us and our children and animals to die because we have no water to drink?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -1350,46 +1350,46 @@ EXO	17	6	nspc	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶ֨י⁠ךָ	1	To kill us and our chil
 EXO	17	7	x5an	translate-names	מַסָּ֖ה	1	Massah	**Massah** is a place in the desert whose name means “testing” in Hebrew. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	17	7	hw7y	translate-names	וּ⁠מְרִיבָ֑ה	1	Meribah	**Meribah** is a place in the desert whose name means “complaining” in Hebrew. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	17	7	m55e		אִם־אָֽיִן	1	Meribah	In some languages it may be unnatural to explicitly have the negative option included in this question or to have it at the end. It may be omitted or relocated in the question if that is the case.
-EXO	17	8	nyt1	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א עֲמָלֵ֑ק	1	Rephidim	A new scene begins here, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])<br><br>
+EXO	17	8	nyt1	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א עֲמָלֵ֑ק	1	Rephidim	A new scene begins here which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])\n\n
 EXO	17	8	hi3u	grammar-collectivenouns	עֲמָלֵ֑ק…יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	1	Rephidim	**Amalek** and **Israel** are both collective nouns that refer to the nations (people groups) descended from that individual. Alternate translation: “the Amalekites … the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	17	8	srdq	writing-participants	עֲמָלֵ֑ק	1	Rephidim	**Amalek** or the Amalekites are a completely new participant in the story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
 EXO	17	8	rv14	translate-names	בִּ⁠רְפִידִֽם	1	Rephidim	**Rephidim** was the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	17	9	dscc	writing-participants	יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙	1	Rephidim	**Joshua** is a completely new participant in the story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new character. He is a major character, but not really in Exodus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
+EXO	17	9	dscc	writing-participants	יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙	1	Rephidim	**Joshua** is a completely new participant in the story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new character. Later he becomes a major character, but not really in the book of Exodus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
 EXO	17	10	ca3g	figs-synecdoche	וַ⁠יַּ֣עַשׂ יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר אָֽמַר־ל⁠וֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה לְ⁠הִלָּחֵ֖ם בַּ⁠עֲמָלֵ֑ק	1	So Joshua fought Amalek	**Joshua** represents himself and the Israelites that he led into battle. Alternate translation: “And, as Moses instructed, Joshua and the men he chose fought against the Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-EXO	17	10	wy51	translate-names	וְ⁠ח֔וּר	1	Hur	This was the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	17	10	itcx	writing-participants	וְ⁠ח֔וּר	1	Hur	**Hur** is a new participant in the story which you may need to point out in your translation. However, he is a very minor character. He only appears in this passage and once much later in the book, so you may not need to highlight him at all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
-EXO	17	11	x5ex	figs-synecdoche	וְ⁠גָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל…וְ⁠גָבַ֥ר עֲמָלֵֽק	1	Israel was winning…Amalek would begin to win	The words “Israel” and “Amalek” represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: “the Israelite fighters were winning … the Amalekite fighters would begin to win” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-EXO	17	12	hxt8	figs-idiom	וִ⁠ידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים	1	hands became heavy	The author writes of Moses’ arms becoming tired as if his hands **became heavy**. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “And Moses’ arms became tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+EXO	17	10	wy51	translate-names	וְ⁠ח֔וּר	1	Hur	**Hur** was the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	17	10	itcx	writing-participants	וְ⁠ח֔וּר	1	Hur	**Hur** is a new participant in the story, which you may need to point out in your translation. However, he is a very minor character. He only appears in this passage and once much later in the book, so you may not need to highlight him at all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
+EXO	17	11	x5ex	figs-synecdoche	וְ⁠גָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל…וְ⁠גָבַ֥ר עֲמָלֵֽק	1	Israel was winning…Amalek would begin to win	The words **Israel** and **Amalek** represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: “the Israelite fighters were winning … the Amalekite fighters would begin to win” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
+EXO	17	12	hxt8	figs-idiom	וִ⁠ידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים	1	hands became heavy	The author writes of Moses’ arms becoming tired as if his **hands became heavy**. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “And Moses’ arms became tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	17	12	js2p		מִ⁠זֶּ֤ה אֶחָד֙ וּ⁠מִ⁠זֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד	1	hands became heavy	Alternate translation: “one on one side, and one on the other”
 EXO	17	13	plp3	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פִי־חָֽרֶב	1	with the sword	The **sword** represents battle. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “in the battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	17	14	c5rl	figs-metaphor	מָחֹ֤ה אֶמְחֶה֙ אֶת־זֵ֣כֶר עֲמָלֵ֔ק	1	I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek	God speaks of destroying Amalek as if he were removing people’s memory of Amalek. When a group of people is completely destroyed, there is nothing to remind people about them. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy Amalek” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	17	14	jm77	figs-metonymy	עֲמָלֵ֔ק	1	Amalek	The Amalekites are referred to by naming their ancestor. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	17	14	n42j	figs-hyperbole	מִ⁠תַּ֖חַת הַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם	1	Amalek	This phrase makes an intentionally broad image and represents all people everywhere. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “from all people everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
-EXO	17	15	fneg		נִסִּֽ⁠י	1	Amalek	**Banner** is something lifted up high, perhaps like a flag, that people can see from a distance and follow. Alternate translation: “is my military standard” or “is my guidon”
-EXO	17	16	lr14		כִּֽי־יָד֙ עַל־כֵּ֣ס יָ֔הּ	1	Amalek	The Hebrew here is very difficult and there are a variety of opinions regarding the meaning. Questions include: (1) Whose hand is referred to? Amalek’s, Yahweh’s, or Moses’? (2) What is the hand on (or against)? Yahweh’s throne or banner? (3) What is the meaning of the preposition meaning on, against, or above? What does that signify? Rebellion, or taking an oath, or holding onto a symbol of power? If there is another translation in your region, it may be best to simply follow the interpretation it gives. Alternate translation: “Because a hand was on the throne of Yah” or “Because a hand was on the banner of Yah”
+EXO	17	15	fneg		נִסִּֽ⁠י	1	Amalek	A **banner** is something lifted up high, perhaps like a flag, that people can see from a distance and follow. Alternate translation: “is my military standard” or “is my guidon”
+EXO	17	16	lr14		כִּֽי־יָד֙ עַל־כֵּ֣ס יָ֔הּ	1	Amalek	The Hebrew here is very difficult, and there are a variety of opinions regarding the meaning. Questions include: (1) Whose hand is referred to? Amalek’s, Yahweh’s, or Moses’? (2) What is the hand on (or against)? Yahweh’s throne or banner? (3) What is the meaning of the Hebrew preposition meaning on, against, or above? What does that signify? Rebellion, or taking an oath, or holding onto a symbol of power? If there is another translation in your region, it may be best to simply follow the interpretation it gives. Alternate translation: “Because a hand was on the throne of Yah” or “Because a hand was on the banner of Yah”
 EXO	17	16	sw1q		מִלְחָמָ֥ה לַ⁠יהוָ֖ה בַּֽ⁠עֲמָלֵ֑ק	1	Amalek	This phrase has no verbs in Hebrew. You may need to translate the noun **war** as a verb. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will make war with Amalek” or “Yahweh will war against Amalek”
-EXO	18	intro	t8g2			0		# Exodus 18 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Leadership lessons<br><br>Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])<br><br><br>## Possible translation difficulties<br><br>### Order of events<br><br>The timing of the events in [verse 2](../18/02.md) is not clear and whatever their timing, may be difficult to translate. The question is: Is Jethro’s **taking** Zipporah related to the past event of Moses sending her back to him at some otherwise unmentioned point in time, or is Jethro’s **taking** related to his coming to meet Moses in [verse 5](../18/05.md).<br><br>### Verse 11<br><br>[Verse 11](../18/11.md) is difficult in the original and requires interpretation.<br><br>### God and Yahweh<br><br>For this chapter God, who is named Yahweh, is mostly referred to as God instead by his name as is usual in much of the rest of the book. Translations should not suggest that they are not different beings.<br><br>### Kinship: Father-in-law<br><br>Jethro is the father of Moses’ wife. Some languages may make a distinction between that and a woman’s father-in-law. If that is the case, note it in verses: 1-2, 5-8, 12, 14-15, 17, 24, and 27. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship]])<br><br><br>### Participant reference<br><br>Jethro is often referred to simply as the father-in-law of Moses in this chapter. He is also named explicitly an unusually high number of times (it would be more usual to have more pronouns referring to him). This is likely to emphasize his familial ties and authority (or honored status). Some languages may need to use alter the way he is referred to for naturalness or to convey the same sense of familial ties and authority (or honored status).
-EXO	18	1	nl86	translate-kinship	חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	Moses’ father-in-law	This refers to the father of the wife of Moses. If your language uses a different term for a man’s father-in-law than for a woman’s, choose the appropriate one here. Note also in verses: 2, 5-8, 12, 14-15, 17, 24, and 27. Alternate translation: “the father of the wife of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship]])
+EXO	18	intro	t8g2			0		# Exodus 18 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Leadership lessons\n\nJethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])\n\n\n## Possible Translation Difficulties\n\n### Order of events\n\nThe timing of the events in [verse 2](../18/02.md) is not clear and, whatever their timing, may be difficult to translate. The question: Is Jethro’s **taking** Zipporah related to the past event of Moses sending her back to him at some otherwise unmentioned point in time, or is Jethro’s **taking** related to his coming to meet Moses in [verse 5](../18/05.md).\n\n### Verse 11\n\n[Verse 11](../18/11.md) is difficult in the original and requires interpretation.\n\n### God and Yahweh\n\nIn this chapter, God, who is named Yahweh in much of the rest of the book, is mostly referred to as God instead by his name as is usual. Translations should not suggest that they are not different beings.\n\n### Kinship: Father-in-law\n\nJethro is the father of Moses’ wife. Some languages may make a distinction between that and a woman’s father-in-law. If that is the case, note it in verses: 1-2, 5-8, 12, 14-15, 17, 24, and 27. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship]])\n\n\n### Participant reference\n\nJethro is often referred to simply as the father-in-law of Moses in this chapter. He is also named explicitly (referred to by name) an unusually high number of times (it would be more usual to have more pronouns referring to him). Frequent use of his name is likely to emphasize his familial ties and authority (or honored status). Some languages may need to alter the way he is referred to for naturalness or to convey the same sense of familial ties and authority (or honored status).
+EXO	18	1	nl86	translate-kinship	חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	Moses’ father-in-law	The label, **father-in-law of Moses** refers to the father of the wife of Moses. If your language uses a different term for a man’s father-in-law than for a woman’s father-in-law, choose the appropriate one here. Note the use of this term also in verses: 2, 5-8, 12, 14-15, 17, 24, and 27. Alternate translation: “the father of the wife of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship]])
 EXO	18	2	zw6h		וַ⁠יִּקַּ֗ח יִתְרוֹ֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶת־צִפֹּרָ֖ה אֵ֣שֶׁת מֹשֶׁ֑ה	1	took Zipporah, Moses’ wife	Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah.
-EXO	18	2	chy6	figs-explicit	אַחַ֖ר שִׁלּוּחֶֽי⁠הָ	1	after he had sent her home	This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of the can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after Moses had sent her home to her father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	18	2	chy6	figs-explicit	אַחַ֖ר שִׁלּוּחֶֽי⁠הָ	1	after he had sent her home	This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after Moses had sent her home to her father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	18	3	khs1		וְ⁠אֵ֖ת שְׁנֵ֣י בָנֶ֑י⁠הָ	1	and her two sons	This is the ending of the sentence that begins with the words **Jethro … took Zipporah** in [verse 2](../18/02.md). Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah and her two sons to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah and her two sons.
-EXO	18	3	k4mb	translate-names	גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם	1	Gershom	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “foreigner.” See [2:22](../02/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	18	4	xi35	translate-names	אֱלִיעֶ֑זֶר	1	Eliezer	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “God is the one who helps me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	18	4	z2km	figs-metonymy	מֵ⁠חֶ֥רֶב פַּרְעֹֽה	1	Pharaoh’s sword	This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh’s army. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “from being killed by Pharaoh” or “from being killed by Pharaoh’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	18	3	k4mb	translate-names	גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם	1	Gershom	**Gershom** is a son of Moses and Zipporah; his name means “foreigner.” See [2:22](../02/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	18	4	xi35	translate-names	אֱלִיעֶ֑זֶר	1	Eliezer	**Eliezer** is a son of Moses and Zipporah; his name means “God is the one who helps me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	18	4	z2km	figs-metonymy	מֵ⁠חֶ֥רֶב פַּרְעֹֽה	1	Pharaoh’s sword	The phrase **from the sword of Pharaoh** represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh’s army. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “from being killed by Pharaoh” or “from being killed by Pharaoh’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	18	5	zzab		וּ⁠בָנָ֥י⁠ו	1	where he was camped	Alternate translation: “with his sons”
 EXO	18	7	s5p2	translate-symaction	וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֨חוּ֙ וַ⁠יִּשַּׁק־ל֔⁠וֹ	1	bowed down, and kissed him	These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
 EXO	18	8	rkq2	figs-metonymy	עַ֖ל אוֹדֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	1	for Israel’s sake	The word **Israel** represents the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “in order to help the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	18	8	a1ra	figs-metaphor	כָּל־הַ⁠תְּלָאָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מְצָאָ֣תַ⁠ם	1	all the hardships that had come to them	Moses writes of **hardships** happening to them as if hardships had discovered where they were. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “all the hardships that had happened to them” or “how they had many hard experiences” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	18	9	wp1p	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠יַּ֥ד מִצְרָֽיִם	1	the hand of the Egyptians	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians” or “from what the Egyptians were doing to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	18	9	wp1p	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠יַּ֥ד מִצְרָֽיִם	1	the hand of the Egyptians	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “from the power of the Egyptians” or “from what the Egyptians were doing to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	18	10	nrv7	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠יַּ֥ד מִצְרַ֖יִם וּ⁠מִ⁠יַּ֣ד פַּרְעֹ֑ה…מִ⁠תַּ֖חַת יַד־מִצְרָֽיִם	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “from the power of the Egyptians and from the power of Pharaoh … from the power of the Egyptians” or “from what the Egyptians and Pharaoh were doing to you … from what the Egyptians were doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	18	11	kmk7		כִּ֣י בַ⁠דָּבָ֔ר	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	**Because of the matter** probably refers back to Yahweh’s rescue of Israel. Alternate translation: “because of what he did”
-EXO	18	11	ljj6	figs-explicit	אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	The most natural referent for **they** is **the gods**, who, perhaps through their agents (Pharaoh and the Egyptians), fought against Yahweh and oppressed the Israelites. This would connect back to [Exodus 12:12](../12/12.md) where Yahweh declares that he is bring judgment on the gods of Egypt. You may need to make some part of this explicit. Alternate translation: “in which they proudly fought Yahweh by oppressing Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	18	11	kmk7		כִּ֣י בַ⁠דָּבָ֔ר	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	Here, **because of the matter** probably refers back to Yahweh’s rescue of Israel. Alternate translation: “because of what he did”
+EXO	18	11	ljj6	figs-explicit	אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	The most natural referent for **they** is **the gods**, who, perhaps through their agents (Pharaoh and the Egyptians), fought against Yahweh and oppressed the Israelites. This would connect back to [Exodus 12:12](../12/12.md) where Yahweh declares that he is bringing judgment on the gods of Egypt. You may need to make some part of this explicit. Alternate translation: “in which they proudly fought Yahweh by oppressing Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	18	12	voi9	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י הָ⁠אֱלֹהִֽים	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of God. In this case it likely means that this was a worship event. Alternate translation: “in the presence of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	18	13	ni2b	writing-newevent	וַ⁠יְהִי֙ מִֽ⁠מָּחֳרָ֔ת	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	A new scene begins here, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
 EXO	18	13	ano2	translate-symaction	וַ⁠יֵּ֥שֶׁב מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִ⁠שְׁפֹּ֣ט	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	Sitting was symbolic of having a position of authority. Alternate translation: “Moses sat down as a judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
 EXO	18	13	wzea		מִן־הַ⁠בֹּ֖קֶר עַד־הָ⁠עָֽרֶב	1	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	Alternate translation: “all day”
 EXO	18	14	bax5	figs-rquestion	מָֽה־הַ⁠דָּבָ֤ר הַ⁠זֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַתָּ֤ה עֹשֶׂה֙ לָ⁠עָ֔ם	1	What is this that you are doing with the people?	Jethro uses this question to show Moses that what he was doing was not good. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing all of this for the people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-EXO	18	14	b5wj	figs-rquestion	מַדּ֗וּעַ אַתָּ֤ה יוֹשֵׁב֙ לְ⁠בַדֶּ֔⁠ךָ וְ⁠כָל־הָ⁠עָ֛ם נִצָּ֥ב עָלֶ֖י⁠ךָ מִן־בֹּ֥קֶר עַד־עָֽרֶב	1	Why is it that you sit alone…from morning until evening?	Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Why are you doing all this for the people? Why are you doing this by yourself, and why are all the people standing around you from the morning until the evening, asking you to make decisions for them?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+EXO	18	14	b5wj	figs-rquestion	מַדּ֗וּעַ אַתָּ֤ה יוֹשֵׁב֙ לְ⁠בַדֶּ֔⁠ךָ וְ⁠כָל־הָ⁠עָ֛ם נִצָּ֥ב עָלֶ֖י⁠ךָ מִן־בֹּ֥קֶר עַד־עָֽרֶב	1	Why is it that you sit alone…from morning until evening?	Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Why are you doing all this for the people? Why are you doing this by yourself, and why are all the people standing around you from morning until evening, asking you to make decisions for them?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	18	14	cfd1	figs-metonymy	אַתָּ֤ה יוֹשֵׁב֙ לְ⁠בַדֶּ֔⁠ךָ	1	you sit alone	The word **sit** here is a metonym for “judge.” Judges would sit while they listened to people’s complaints. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “do you judge alone” or “are you the only one who judges the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	18	14	tiqs	figs-explicit	נִצָּ֥ב עָלֶ֖י⁠ךָ	1	you sit alone	The people came to be near Moses so that they could get a chance for him to hear their petitions. You could state that explicitly if it would be more clear. Alternate translation: “petition you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	18	18	jtd2		נָבֹ֣ל תִּבֹּ֔ל	1	You will surely wear yourselves out	Alternate translation: “You will surely make yourself very tired”
@@ -1400,26 +1400,26 @@ EXO	18	19	w4r8	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הֵבֵאתָ֥ אַתָּ֛ה אֶת־הַ
 EXO	18	20	w3vf	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הוֹדַעְתָּ֣ לָ⁠הֶ֗ם אֶת־הַ⁠דֶּ֨רֶךְ֙ יֵ֣לְכוּ בָ֔⁠הּ	1	You must show them the way to walk	Jethro speaks of living or behaving like walking. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “You must show them how to live” or “You must show them how to behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	18	21	p5ap		וְ⁠אַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה	1	Furthermore, you must choose	Alternate translation: “As for you, search out” or “You must also search out”
 EXO	18	21	n936	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠שַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵ⁠הֶ֗ם	1	You must put them over people	Jethro speaks of giving them authority over people as putting them over people. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “You must give them authority over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	18	21	xprc	writing-pronouns	וְ⁠שַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵ⁠הֶ֗ם	1	You must put them over people	Here, **them** refers to the Israelites. Moses is placing the good men in charge of groups of Israelites. Alternate translation: “And you must appoint these men over the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
+EXO	18	21	xprc	writing-pronouns	וְ⁠שַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵ⁠הֶ֗ם	1	You must put them over people	Here, **them** refers to the Israelites. Moses is advised to place good men in charge of groups of Israelites. Alternate translation: “And you must appoint these men over the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	18	21	d2hv	translate-numbers	שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְ⁠שָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת	1	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and of tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	18	22	y5n2	figs-metaphor	כָּל־הַ⁠דָּבָ֤ר הַ⁠גָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	the difficult cases they will bring to you	Jethro speaks of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they will tell you about” or “when there are difficult cases, they will tell you about them so you can judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	18	22	vnvh		וְ⁠הָקֵל֙ מֵֽ⁠עָלֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	the difficult cases they will bring to you	This is a command. Alternate translation: “Make your work less” or “Lessen your work”
-EXO	18	22	u42p	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הָקֵל֙ מֵֽ⁠עָלֶ֔י⁠ךָ וְ⁠נָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽ⁠ךְ	1	they will carry the burden with you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were something that they would carry and make lighter for Moses by helping him. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Lessen your work by having them do the hard work with you” or “Make your work easier by having them help you do the hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	18	22	vnvh		וְ⁠הָקֵל֙ מֵֽ⁠עָלֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	the difficult cases they will bring to you	Jethro is ending his proposal with the good result that should come from it, less work for Moses. Alternate translation: “and make your work less” or “and lessen your work”
+EXO	18	22	u42p	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הָקֵל֙ מֵֽ⁠עָלֶ֔י⁠ךָ וְ⁠נָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽ⁠ךְ	1	they will carry the burden with you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were something that they would carry beside Moses and make lighter for Moses by helping him. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and lessen your work by having them do the hard work with you” or “and make your work easier by having them help you do the hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	18	23	wyq4		וְ⁠יָֽכָלְתָּ֖ עֲמֹ֑ד	1	endure	Alternate translation: “then you will not wear yourself out”
-EXO	18	23	bt5p		כָּל־הָ⁠עָ֣ם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה עַל־מְקֹמ֖⁠וֹ יָבֹ֥א בְ⁠שָׁלֽוֹם	1	endure	Here, getting **to their place** could mean each person’s home tent or it could mean the whole group gets to the promised land. If you cannot leave it ambiguous it would be best to indicate something like “harmony in the camp.” Alternate translation: “all these people will live in harmony”
+EXO	18	23	bt5p		כָּל־הָ⁠עָ֣ם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה עַל־מְקֹמ֖⁠וֹ יָבֹ֥א בְ⁠שָׁלֽוֹם	1	endure	Here, getting **to their place** could mean each person’s home tent or it could mean the whole group gets to the promised land. If you cannot leave it ambiguous, it would be best to indicate something like “harmony in the camp.” Alternate translation: “all these people will live in harmony”
 EXO	18	25	n2ws	figs-metaphor	רָאשִׁ֖ים עַל־הָ⁠עָ֑ם	1	heads over the people	Moses writes of the leaders of people as if they were the **head** of a body. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “leaders over the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	18	25	tb18	figs-explicit	אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֨יִל֙	1	capable men	What sort of ability they had can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “men who were able to lead” or “men who were able to judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	18	25	iqn8	translate-numbers	שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְ⁠שָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת	1	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” See how you translated this in [Exodus 18:21](../18/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	18	26	abx4		וְ⁠שָׁפְט֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם בְּ⁠כָל־עֵ֑ת	1	judged the people in normal circumstances	Alternate translation: “They judged the people most of the time” or “They judged the people in all regular circumstances”
 EXO	18	26	z7j4	figs-metaphor	אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֤ר הַ⁠קָּשֶׁה֙ יְבִיא֣וּ⁠ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה	1	The difficult cases they brought to Moses	The author writes of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “They told Moses about the difficult cases” or “When there were difficult cases, they told Moses about them so that he would judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	18	26	ve8h		הַ⁠דָּבָ֥ר הַ⁠קָּטֹ֖ן	1	the small cases	Alternate translation: “easy case”
-EXO	19	intro	ck7e			0		# Exodus 19 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “A kingdom of priests”<br><br>The function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>### Revealing the Law<br><br>The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which shows the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br><br>### Boundaries between Yahweh and the people<br><br>Moses is told to make the people holy in preparation for meeting Yahweh, then boundaries are set up to keep the people separate from Yahweh, then the priests are told to make themselves holy. The theme of a holy separation is beginning to be developed that will become much of the law code.
+EXO	19	intro	ck7e			0		 # Exodus 19 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### “A kingdom of priests”\n\nThe function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])\n\n### Revealing the law\n\nThe events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which shows the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n\n### Boundaries between Yahweh and the people\n\nMoses is told to make the people holy in preparation for meeting Yahweh, then boundaries are set up to keep the people separate from Yahweh, and then the priests are told to make themselves holy. The theme of a holy separation is beginning to be developed that will become much of the law code.
 EXO	19	1	r5tj	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ הַ⁠שְּׁלִישִׁ֔י…בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה	1	In the third month…on the same day	This means they arrived at the wilderness on the first day of the month just as they left Egypt on the first day of the month. The first day of the third month on the Hebrew calendar is near the middle of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “In the third month … on the first day of the month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
 EXO	19	2	nk51	translate-names	מֵ⁠רְפִידִ֗ים	1	Rephidim	**Rephidim** is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	19	3	kgev	figs-parallelism	תֹאמַר֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠תַגֵּ֖יד לִ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	1	the house of Jacob, the people of Israel	These two phrases have exactly the same meaning. This may be for poetic effect as Yahweh’s statement here through [verse 6](../19/06.md) is somewhat artfully crafted. You may need to use a strategy other than parallelism to achieve a similar poetic effect in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
+EXO	19	3	kgev	figs-parallelism	תֹאמַר֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠תַגֵּ֖יד לִ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	1	the house of Jacob, the people of Israel	These two phrases have exactly the same meaning. This may be for poetic effect, as Yahweh’s statement here through [verse 6](../19/06.md) is somewhat artfully crafted. You may need to use a strategy other than parallelism to achieve a similar poetic effect in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	19	4	z9i6	figs-you	אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם	1	You have seen	The word **you** here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
 EXO	19	4	l1do	figs-quotemarks		0	You have seen	A second-level direct quotation begins with this verse and continues until the middle of [verse 6](../19/06.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with second-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
-EXO	19	4	b7ph	figs-metaphor	וָ⁠אֶשָּׂ֤א אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ עַל־כַּנְפֵ֣י נְשָׁרִ֔ים	1	I carried you on eagles’ wings	God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an **eagle** and carried them on his **wings**. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	19	4	b7ph	figs-metaphor	וָ⁠אֶשָּׂ֤א אֶתְ⁠כֶם֙ עַל־כַּנְפֵ֣י נְשָׁרִ֔ים	1	I carried you on eagles’ wings	God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his **wings**. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “ how I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	19	5	c767	figs-metonymy	בְּ⁠קֹלִ֔⁠י	1	my voice	God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “to what I say” or “to my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	19	5	fh8e		וּ⁠שְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֑⁠י	1	keep my covenant	Alternate translation: “and do what my covenant requires you to do”
 EXO	19	5	ifv6		סְגֻלָּה֙	1	special possession	Alternate translation: “treasure”
@@ -1439,7 +1439,7 @@ EXO	19	12	kis1	figs-activepassive	כָּל־הַ⁠נֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּ⁠ה
 EXO	19	13	l9ak	figs-metonymy	לֹא־תִגַּ֨ע בּ֜⁠וֹ יָ֗ד	1	such a person	Here, **hand** is a metonym for any part of a person. Alternate translation: “No person shall touch that one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	19	13	k35k	figs-activepassive	סָק֤וֹל יִסָּקֵל֙ אוֹ־יָרֹ֣ה יִיָּרֶ֔ה	1	he must certainly be stoned or shot	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly stone or shoot him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	19	13	vw19		יָרֹ֣ה יִיָּרֶ֔ה	1	shot	This refers to being killed by someone who shoots arrows from a bow or stones from a slingshot.
-EXO	19	13	ezpm	figs-go	יַעֲל֥וּ	1	shot	If you translate this with come or go, consider which would be the correct perspective for your language and the text context. Yahweh is speaking, so “come up” is valid, however, the people will be the ones moving so “go up” is as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
+EXO	19	13	ezpm	figs-go	יַעֲל֥וּ	1	shot	If you translate this with come or go, consider which would be the correct perspective for your language and the text context. Yahweh is speaking, so “come up” is valid; however, the people will be the ones moving, so “go up” is valid as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
 EXO	19	15	bw2p	figs-euphemism	אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה	1	do not go near your wives	This is a polite way of talking about sexual relations. Alternate translation: “do not sleep with your wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 EXO	19	15	z0aq		אִשָּֽׁה	1	do not go near your wives	This word means both “woman” and “wife.” Context dictates the correct translation. Since wife would make it a narrower command, **woman** was chosen here.
 EXO	19	18	m1b5		יָרַ֥ד…יְהוָ֖ה	1	Yahweh descended	Alternate translation: “Yahweh came down”
@@ -1448,26 +1448,26 @@ EXO	19	19	m8ae		הוֹלֵ֖ךְ וְ⁠חָזֵ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד	1	grew louder
 EXO	19	19	f5e6	figs-metonymy	בְ⁠קֽוֹל	1	in a voice	The word **voice** here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are (1) “by speaking loudly like thunder” or (2) “by speaking” or (3) “by causing thunder to sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	19	20	zx5p	figs-go	וַ⁠יֵּ֧רֶד…וַ⁠יַּ֥עַל	1	in a voice	You may need to consider your language’s rules for perspective regarding going or coming up or down in this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
 EXO	19	21	d2qm	figs-metaphor	פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ	1	not to break through	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated “set bounds” in [Exodus 19:12](../19/12.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “not to go beyond the boundary” or “not to go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	19	21	oht2	figs-euphemism	וְ⁠נָפַ֥ל	1	not to break through	**Fall** is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
+EXO	19	21	oht2	figs-euphemism	וְ⁠נָפַ֥ל	1	not to break through	Here, **fall** is a euphemism for dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 EXO	19	22	pq8j	figs-metaphor	יִפְרֹ֥ץ בָּ⁠הֶ֖ם יְהוָֽה	1	not to break through	Yahweh’s anger and judgment are pictured as something that will **burst** through a boundary. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Yahweh kills them in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	19	23	gagp	figs-quotesinquotes	בָּ֨⁠נוּ֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר הַגְבֵּ֥ל אֶת־הָ⁠הָ֖ר וְ⁠קִדַּשְׁתּֽ⁠וֹ	1	not to break through	This quoted command could be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “us to set boundaries on the mountain to keep it separate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
-EXO	19	24	w8lx		לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד	1	get down	Alternate translation: “go down”
+EXO	19	24	w8lx		לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד	1	get down	Alternate translation: “Go down”
 EXO	19	24	bk6p	figs-metaphor	אַל־יֶֽהֶרְס֛וּ	1	break through the barrier	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might **break** down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:21](../19/21.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “must not go beyond the boundary” or “must not go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	19	24	p1yq	figs-metaphor	יִפְרָץ־בָּֽ⁠ם	1	break through the barrier	Yahweh’s anger and judgment are pictured as something that will **burst** through a boundary. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:22](../19/22.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “he kill them in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	20	intro	x7vt			0		# Exodus 20 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br><br>Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br><br>### Form of you<br><br>The singular form of you is used in the commandments, however, the commandments applied to the whole Israelite community. There is both a singular and a corporate aspect to them. You may need to choose between singular and plural if you language makes that distinction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
+EXO	20	intro	x7vt			0		# Exodus 20 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThe instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Covenant\n\nYahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])\n\n\n### Form of you\n\nThe singular form of you is used in the commandments; however, the commandments applied to the whole Israelite community. There is both a singular and a corporate aspect to them. You may need to choose between singular and plural if your language makes that distinction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
 EXO	20	2	qg71	figs-metaphor	מִ⁠בֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים	1	house of slavery	Yahweh speaks of **Egypt** as if it were a **house** where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](../13/03.md). If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	20	3	r9h3		לֹֽ֣א יִהְיֶֽה־לְ⁠ךָ֛ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים עַל־פָּנָֽ⁠יַ	1	You must have no other gods before me	Alternate translation: “You must not worship any other gods besides me”
-EXO	20	4	s7n3	figs-merism	וְ⁠כָל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּ⁠שָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ מִ⁠מַּ֔עַל וַ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ⁠תָּ֑חַת וַ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּ⁠מַּ֖יִם מִ⁠תַּ֥חַת לָ⁠אָֽרֶץ	1	nor the likeness	This list means, all created things wherever they are. Alternate translation: “nor anything that looks like anything created whether that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
+EXO	20	4	s7n3	figs-merism	וְ⁠כָל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּ⁠שָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ מִ⁠מַּ֔עַל וַ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּ⁠אָ֖רֶץ מִ⁠תָּ֑חַת וַ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּ⁠מַּ֖יִם מִ⁠תַּ֥חַת לָ⁠אָֽרֶץ	1	nor the likeness	This list means all created things wherever they are. Alternate translation: “nor anything that looks like anything created, whether that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
 EXO	20	4	rkn1	figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠כָל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה	1	nor the likeness	Alternate translation: “nor anything looking like something” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EXO	20	5	ka3i	writing-pronouns	לָ⁠הֶ֖ם	1	You must not bow down to them or worship them	The word **them** refers to carved figures or idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
-EXO	20	5	s2ia	translate-ordinal	עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠עַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
+EXO	20	5	s2ia	translate-ordinal	עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠עַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “to generations 3 and 4” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “and even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
 EXO	20	5	hx93	figs-ellipsis	בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠עַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “Generation” is implied by **sons**. Alternate translation: “the sons down to the third and fourth generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-EXO	20	6	u9nc	figs-abstractnouns	חֶ֖סֶד	1	I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me	The abstract noun **faithfulness** can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-EXO	20	6	oyh7	figs-ellipsis	לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “Generation” is implied by the previous verse. However, this may not be the case, therefore two notes following deal with either possibility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
+EXO	20	6	u9nc	figs-abstractnouns	חֶ֖סֶד	1	I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me	The abstract noun **faithfulness** can be restated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EXO	20	6	oyh7	figs-ellipsis	לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “Generation” is implied by the previous verse. However, this may not be the case; therefore, two notes following deal with either possibility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 EXO	20	6	k52w		לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Alternate translation: “to the thousandth generation” or “for a thousand generations”
 EXO	20	6	xp5k	figs-hyperbole	לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים	1	to the third and the fourth generation	Option 1: This large number is used to mean “forever” or “to all descendants forever.” Alternate translation: “for every generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 EXO	20	6	yw38	figs-metonymy	לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים לְ⁠אֹהֲבַ֖⁠י	1	to thousands of those who love me	Option 2: The word **thousands** is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to innumerable people who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	20	7	o96b		תִשָּׂ֛א…יִשָּׂ֥א	1	take the name of Yahweh your God	To **lift up**, take, or use the name of Yahweh (with emptiness, i.e. improperly) covers many sorts of speaking or invoking his name, or making a claim to him, or attempting to manipulate him, or misrepresenting him. A broad word should be used in translation of this term.
+EXO	20	7	o96b		תִשָּׂ֛א…יִשָּׂ֥א	1	take the name of Yahweh your God	To **lift up**, take, or use the name of Yahweh (with emptiness, i.e. improperly) covers many sorts of speaking or invoking his name or making a claim to him or attempting to manipulate him or misrepresenting him. A broad word should be used in translation of this term.
 EXO	20	7	t3k2		לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖י⁠ךָ	1	take the name of Yahweh your God	Alternate translation: “You must not use the name of Yahweh your God”
 EXO	20	7	gcz2		לַ⁠שָּׁ֑וְא…לַ⁠שָּֽׁוְא	1	in vain	Alternate translation: “carelessly” or “without proper respect”
 EXO	20	7	sl6g	figs-doublenegatives	לֹ֤א יְנַקֶּה֙	1	I will not hold guiltless	This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
@@ -1479,156 +1479,156 @@ EXO	20	14	wyv9		לֹ֖א תִּנְאָֽף	1	You must not commit adultery	Alter
 EXO	20	16	zix8		לֹֽא־תַעֲנֶ֥ה בְ⁠רֵעֲ⁠ךָ֖ עֵ֥ד שָֽׁקֶר	1	must not give false testimony	Alternate translation: “You must not speak a false report against your neighbor”
 EXO	20	17	vt9t		לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד	1	must not covet	Alternate translation: “You must not strongly want to have” or “You must not want to take”
 EXO	20	18	nm52		הָ⁠הָ֖ר עָשֵׁ֑ן	1	the mountain smoking	Alternate translation: “the smoky mountain”
-EXO	20	18	lmt5		וַ⁠יָּנֻ֔עוּ	1	they trembled	Alternate translation: “they shook with fear”
-EXO	20	18	h53m		וַ⁠יַּֽעַמְד֖וּ מֵֽ⁠רָחֹֽק	1	stood far off	Alternate translation: “stood far away”
+EXO	20	18	lmt5		וַ⁠יָּנֻ֔עוּ	1	they trembled	Alternate translation: “and they shook with fear”
+EXO	20	18	h53m		וַ⁠יַּֽעַמְד֖וּ מֵֽ⁠רָחֹֽק	1	stood far off	Alternate translation: “and stood far away”
 EXO	20	20	slb8		וּ⁠בַ⁠עֲב֗וּר תִּהְיֶ֧ה יִרְאָת֛⁠וֹ עַל־פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם לְ⁠בִלְתִּ֥י תֶחֱטָֽאוּ	1	so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin	Alternate translation: “so that you will honor him and not sin”
 EXO	20	20	hocw	figs-metaphor	תִּהְיֶ֧ה יִרְאָת֛⁠וֹ עַל־פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם	1	so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin	Here, **fear** is spoken of as something that could be on their faces. It may mean they would have such a fear that their attitude could be seen on their faces. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “reverence for him will show on your faces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	20	21	lts1		וּ⁠מֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ	1	Moses approached	Alternate translation: “and Moses went closer to”
+EXO	20	21	lts1		וּ⁠מֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ	1	Moses approached	Alternate translation: “and Moses moved closer,”
 EXO	20	22	ayom	figs-quotemarks	אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם	1	Moses approached	A second-level direct quotation begins here that continues until the [end of the chapter](../20/26.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with second-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
 EXO	20	23	qm44		אֱלֹ֤הֵי כֶ֨סֶף֙ וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב	1	gods of silver or gods of gold	Alternate translation: “gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
-EXO	20	24	pf1i		מִזְבַּ֣ח אֲדָמָה֮	1	earthen altar	An altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay.
+EXO	20	24	pf1i		מִזְבַּ֣ח אֲדָמָה֮	1	earthen altar	The phrase **an alter of earth** means an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay.
 EXO	20	24	ge89	figs-metonymy	אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔⁠י	1	cause my name to be honored	Here, **name** is a metonym for God’s being. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “I cause myself to be remembered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	20	24	zmc4	figs-activepassive	אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔⁠י	1	cause my name to be honored	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “choose for you to remember me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	20	26	qm1b	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹֽא־תַעֲלֶ֥ה בְ⁠מַעֲלֹ֖ת עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִ֑⁠י	1	You must not go up to my altar on steps	If you need to connect this statement more explicitly to the previous statements regarding building the alter you could add a phrase about building steps. Alternate translation: “Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	20	26	e28y	figs-activepassive	אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־תִגָּלֶ֥ה עֶרְוָתְ⁠ךָ֖ עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	You must not go up to my altar on steps	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that you do not expose your nakedness over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	20	24	zmc4	figs-activepassive	אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔⁠י	1	cause my name to be honored	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I choose for you to remember me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	20	26	qm1b	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹֽא־תַעֲלֶ֥ה בְ⁠מַעֲלֹ֖ת עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִ֑⁠י	1	You must not go up to my altar on steps	If you need to connect this statement more explicitly to the previous statements regarding building the alter, you could add a phrase about building steps. Alternate translation: “Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	20	26	e28y	figs-activepassive	אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־תִגָּלֶ֥ה עֶרְוָתְ⁠ךָ֖ עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	You must not go up to my altar on steps	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that you do not expose your nakedness over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	20	26	h2qd		עֶרְוָתְ⁠ךָ֖	1	your nakedness	Alternate translation: “your private parts”
-EXO	21	intro	dnd3			0		# Exodus 21 General Notes<br><br>This chapter begins to give the Israelite civil case law, that is, the explanation of how to apply the principles condensed in the ten commandments.<br><br>## Structure:<br><br>- 1: Introduction<br>- 2-6: Laws regarding male slaves<br>- 7-11: Laws regarding female slaves<br>- 12-17: Capital crimes<br>- 18-36: Liability laws<br>    * 18-27: Regarding human violence<br>    * 28-36: Regarding damage done by or to animals<br><br>## Translation issues in this chapter<br><br>### Hypothetical situations<br><br>Throughout the case law a hypothetical situation is introduced with “when” or “if,” then there is a description of the situation, then there is the penalty or action to be taken in those situations. A hypothetical person may be introduced with “anyone” or “whoever.” Most verses for the next several chapters will have these hypothetical situations. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]] Translators familiar with Hebrew may want to notice that, generally, major divisions are introduced by כִּי (ki) and minor divisions within a topic are introduced by אִם (’im).<br><br><br>### Passive construction<br><br>Many portions of these situations are written in the passive voice. Some languages may have to change all or some of these to active voice. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]].<br><br><br>### Daughters sold as servants<br><br>The section from [verses 7-11](../21/07.md) may be some what confusing because a daughter that is sold as a servant is seamlessly connected to her becoming someone’s wife.<br><br>### Ransom payment<br><br>In [verse 30](../21/30.md) a man whose bull killed someone may evade the death penalty by paying a ransom price, but the conditions for that happening are not clear.
+EXO	21	intro	dnd3			0		# Exodus 21 General Notes\n\nThis chapter begins to give the Israelite civil case law, that is, the explanation of how to apply the principles condensed in the ten commandments.\n\n## Structure:\n\n- 1: Introduction\n- 2-6: Laws regarding male slaves\n- 7-11: Laws regarding female slaves\n- 12-17: Capital crimes\n- 18-36: Liability laws\n    * 18-27: Regarding human violence\n    * 28-36: Regarding damage done by or to animals\n\n## Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### Hypothetical situations\n\nThroughout the case law, a hypothetical situation is introduced with “when” or “if.” It is followed by a description of the situation; then there is the penalty or action to be taken in those situations. A hypothetical person may be introduced with “anyone” or “whoever.” Most verses for the next several chapters will have these hypothetical situations. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]] Translators familiar with Hebrew may want to notice that, generally, major divisions are introduced by כִּי (ki) and minor divisions within a topic are introduced by אִם (’im).\n\n\n### Passive construction\n\nMany portions of these situations are written in the passive voice. Some languages may have to change all or some of these to active voice. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]].\n\n\n### Daughters sold as servants\n\nThe section from [verses 7-11](../21/07.md) may be somewhat confusing because a daughter that is sold as a servant is seamlessly connected to her becoming someone’s wife.\n\n### Ransom payment\n\nIn [verse 30](../21/30.md) a man whose bull killed someone may evade the death penalty by paying a ransom price, but the conditions for that happening are not clear.
 EXO	21	1	xxf4			0	you must set before them	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. There is no quote break between chapters.
 EXO	21	1	hhf7		תָּשִׂ֖ים	1	you must set before them	Alternate translation: “you must give” or “you must tell”
 EXO	21	1	ddql	figs-metonymy	לִ⁠פְנֵי⁠הֶֽם	1	you must set before them	Here, **faces** figuratively represents the presence of the nation. Alternate translation: “before them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	21	2	di5z			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
+EXO	21	2	di5z			0	General Information:	Here Yahweh begins telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
 EXO	21	2	wj0e	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	כִּ֤י תִקְנֶה֙ עֶ֣בֶד עִבְרִ֔י	1	General Information:	This is the first of many hypothetical situations, introduced by “when” or **if,** which you will encounter over the next several chapters. See the [introduction to chapter 21](../21/intro.md). You will need to translate these consistently in a manner that expresses that these situations have not happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
-EXO	21	3	ln3r	figs-explicit	אִם־בְּ⁠גַפּ֥⁠וֹ יָבֹ֖א בְּ⁠גַפּ֣⁠וֹ יֵצֵ֑א	1	If he came by himself, he must go free by himself	What “by himself” means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the additional condition, that he marries while a slave, be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If he became a slave while he had no wife, and if he marries while he is a slave, the master need only free the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	21	3	ln3r	figs-explicit	אִם־בְּ⁠גַפּ֥⁠וֹ יָבֹ֖א בְּ⁠גַפּ֣⁠וֹ יֵצֵ֑א	1	If he came by himself, he must go free by himself	What **by himself** means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the additional condition, that he marries while a slave, be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If he became a slave while he had no wife, and if he marries while he is a slave, the master need only free the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	3	pfn3		בְּ⁠גַפּ֥⁠וֹ…בְּ⁠גַפּ֣⁠וֹ	1	by himself	Alternate translation: “alone” or “without a wife”
 EXO	21	3	e467		אִם־בַּ֤עַל אִשָּׁה֙ ה֔וּא	1	if he is married	Alternate translation: “if he was married when he became a slave” or “if he came as a married man”
-EXO	21	5	yj8x		אָמֹ֤ר יֹאמַר֙	1	plainly says	Alternate translation: “makes a statement”
+EXO	21	5	yj8x		אָמֹ֤ר יֹאמַר֙	1	plainly says	Alternate translation: “makes a statement, saying”
 EXO	21	5	jqh4		לֹ֥א אֵצֵ֖א חָפְשִֽׁי	1	I will not go out free	Alternate translation: “I do not want my master to set me free”
 EXO	21	6	vnjk	figs-metonymy	הָ֣⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים	1	bore his ear through	The word for **God** at its most literal means “great ones.” Here it may have this basic meaning and refer to human judges or other leaders in Israel. It may also be a metonym and refer to the judges because they represent God to the people and have his authority. Texts other than the standard Hebrew text support this reading. See [Exodus 22:8-9](../22/08.md) for another example of this. Alternate translation: “the judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	21	6	z8x1		וְ⁠רָצַ֨ע…אֶת־אָזְנ⁠וֹ֙	1	bore his ear through	Alternate translation: “will put a hole in his ear”
-EXO	21	6	xpd3		בַּ⁠מַּרְצֵ֔עַ	1	awl	a pointed tool used to make a hole
+EXO	21	6	xpd3		בַּ⁠מַּרְצֵ֔עַ	1	awl	An **awl** is a pointed tool used to make a hole
 EXO	21	6	k6ev		לְ⁠עֹלָֽם	1	for life	Alternate translation: “until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
 EXO	21	8	lpqh			0	has designated	This verse is the first of three possible situations between a master and his female slave.
 EXO	21	8	p8se		יְעָדָ֖⁠הּ	1	has designated	Alternate translation: “has chosen”
-EXO	21	8	t2zf	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הֶפְדָּ֑⁠הּ	1	he must let her be bought back	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must allow her father to buy her back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	8	t2zf	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הֶפְדָּ֑⁠הּ	1	he must let her be bought back	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must allow her father to buy her back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	8	h7f7		בְּ⁠בִגְד⁠וֹ־בָֽ⁠הּ	1	he has treated her deceitfully	Alternate translation: “since he has deceived her”
 EXO	21	9	h9ni			0	he has treated her deceitfully	This verse is the second of three possible situations between a master and his female slave.
 EXO	21	9	w99z		לִ⁠בְנ֖⁠וֹ יִֽיעָדֶ֑⁠נָּה	1	designates her as a wife for his son	Alternate translation: “he decides that she is the one who will be his son’s wife”
-EXO	21	9	suz0		כְּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַ⁠בָּנ֖וֹת יַעֲשֶׂה־לָּֽ⁠הּ	1	designates her as a wife for his son	Alternate translation: “he must do to her according to the manner that daughters are customarily treated”
+EXO	21	9	suz0		כְּ⁠מִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַ⁠בָּנ֖וֹת יַעֲשֶׂה־לָּֽ⁠הּ	1	designates her as a wife for his son	Alternate translation: “he must do to her according to the manner in which daughters are customarily treated”
 EXO	21	10	i0xh			0	designates her as a wife for his son	This verse and the next are the third of three possible situations between a master and his female slave.
 EXO	21	10	rxk4	figs-doublenegatives	שְׁאֵרָ֛⁠הּ כְּסוּתָ֥⁠הּ וְ⁠עֹנָתָ֖⁠הּ לֹ֥א יִגְרָֽע	1	he must not diminish her food, clothing, or her marital rights	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he must give the first wife the same food, clothing, and marital rights she had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 EXO	21	10	np9b	figs-euphemism	וְ⁠עֹנָתָ֖⁠הּ	1	or her marital rights	This term only occurs here in the Bible. It probably means things that a husband must do for his wife. Most commentators believe it specifically means having sexual relations with her, possibly so that she can bear children. Alternate translation: “or her right to intimacy” or “or her childbearing rights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 EXO	21	12	gks4		מַכֵּ֥ה אִ֛ישׁ	1	strikes a man	Alternate translation: “Whoever attacks a man”
-EXO	21	12	su6b	figs-activepassive	מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	that person must surely be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly execute that person” or “you must certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	13	h4ka		וַ⁠אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צָדָ֔ה	1	did not do it with premeditation	Alternate translation: “but if he did not plan to do it” or “but if he did not do it on purpose”
-EXO	21	13	gme9	figs-explicit	וְ⁠שַׂמְתִּ֤י לְ⁠ךָ֙ מָק֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנ֖וּס שָֽׁמָּ⁠ה	1	I will fix a place to where he can flee	The purpose of choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: “I will choose a place that he can run away to be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	21	12	su6b	figs-activepassive	מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	that person must surely be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly execute that person” or “you must certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	13	h4ka		וַ⁠אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צָדָ֔ה	1	did not do it with premeditation	Alternate translation: “But if he did not plan to do it” or “But if he did not do it on purpose”
+EXO	21	13	gme9	figs-explicit	וְ⁠שַׂמְתִּ֤י לְ⁠ךָ֙ מָק֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנ֖וּס שָֽׁמָּ⁠ה	1	I will fix a place to where he can flee	The purpose for choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: “I will choose a place to which he can run away to be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	14	st5h		בְ⁠עָרְמָ֑ה	1	according to a cunning plan	Alternate translation: “after thinking carefully about it”
 EXO	21	14	abx6		תִּקָּחֶ֖⁠נּוּ	1	must take him	The word “him” refers to the one who killed his neighbor.
 EXO	21	14	mvpx		לָ⁠מֽוּת	1	must take him	Alternate translation: “to execute him”
 EXO	21	15	y3hd	figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מַכֵּ֥ה אָבִ֛י⁠ו וְ⁠אִמּ֖⁠וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	Whoever hits his father or mother must surely be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If anyone hits his father or mother, you must surely put him to death” or “You must surely kill anyone who hits his father or mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	15	qh2j		מ֥וֹת	1	must surely	Alternate translation: “must certainly”
-EXO	21	16	iu81	figs-activepassive	מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	that kidnapper must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must kill that kidnapper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	16	iu81	figs-activepassive	מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	that kidnapper must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must kill that kidnapper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	17	h8qf	figs-activepassive	וּ⁠מְקַלֵּ֥ל אָבִ֛י⁠ו וְ⁠אִמּ֖⁠וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely kill anyone who curses his father or his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	17	kvbc		וּ⁠מְקַלֵּ֥ל	1	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	The word translated **acts contemptuously** means the opposite of “honor” (as in the commandment to honor one’s parents). Alternate translation: “Whoever acts dishonorably towards”
+EXO	21	17	kvbc		וּ⁠מְקַלֵּ֥ל	1	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	The word translated **acts contemptuously** means the opposite of “honor” (as in the commandment to honor one’s parents). Alternate translation: “Whoever acts dishonorably toward”
 EXO	21	19	c7rv		יָק֞וּם	1	he recovers	Alternate translation: “he gets better”
 EXO	21	19	tv0z		וְ⁠נִקָּ֣ה	1	he recovers	Alternate translation: “then … is innocent”
 EXO	21	19	xg6c	figs-explicit	שִׁבְתּ֛⁠וֹ	1	the loss of his time	This refers to a situation when someone cannot work to earn money. You can express this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “for the time he could not work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	19	ws14		וְ⁠רַפֹּ֥א יְרַפֵּֽא	1	pay for his complete recovery	Alternate translation: “and for his medical costs” or “and for his costs for healing”
-EXO	21	20	te41		תַּ֣חַת יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	as a result of the blow	Alternate translation: “because of the injury” or “because his master hit him”
-EXO	21	20	h4eg	figs-activepassive	נָקֹ֖ם יִנָּקֵֽם	1	that man must surely be punished	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly punish that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	20	te41		תַּ֣חַת יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	as a result of the blow	Alternate translation: “because of the injury” or “because the master hit him”
+EXO	21	20	h4eg	figs-activepassive	נָקֹ֖ם יִנָּקֵֽם	1	that man must surely be punished	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly punish that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	21	r65u	figs-explicit	כִּ֥י כַסְפּ֖⁠וֹ הֽוּא	1	for he will have suffered the loss of the servant	A common view is that the loss of the valuable property, the slave, is itself a punishment. It may be that the master loses the slave for a time and also has to pay for his healing, or it may be that the slave dies after a few days. You can express clearly in the translation that the servant was valuable to his master. Alternate translation: “because he has already lost his servant who was valuable to him” or “because he has already lost his servant’s work for a time and had to pay for his healing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	21	22	a6av		וְ⁠יָצְא֣וּ יְלָדֶ֔י⁠הָ וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִהְיֶ֖ה אָס֑וֹן	1	she miscarries	It is not clear in the passage what happens to the child. The text is simply as in the ULT. Some have taken it to mean that the child dies because of premature birth and the **serious injury** only relates to the woman. In this case, a fine is imposed for the loss of the child. However, the text could also mean that the child is born at least mostly safely. A fine is still imposed because of the great danger to the two lives. Then the next few verses give consequences for any injury either to mother or child.
+EXO	21	22	a6av		וְ⁠יָצְא֣וּ יְלָדֶ֔י⁠הָ וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִהְיֶ֖ה אָס֑וֹן	1	she miscarries	It is not clear in the passage what happens to the child. The text is simply as in the ULT. Some have taken it to mean that the child dies because of premature birth, and the **serious injury** only relates to the woman. In this case, a fine is imposed for the loss of the child. However, the text could also mean that the child is born safely. A fine is still imposed because of the great danger to the two lives. Then the next few verses give consequences for any injury either to mother or child.
 EXO	21	22	w4p3		אָס֑וֹן	1	she miscarries	Alternate translation: “hurt”
-EXO	21	22	cn4h	figs-activepassive	עָנ֣וֹשׁ יֵעָנֵ֗שׁ	1	the guilty man must surely be fined	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly fine the guilty man” or “the guilty man must pay a fine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	22	cn4h	figs-activepassive	עָנ֣וֹשׁ יֵעָנֵ֗שׁ	1	the guilty man must surely be fined	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly fine the guilty man” or “the guilty man must pay a fine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	22	v5ye		בִּ⁠פְלִלִֽים	1	as the judges determine	Alternate translation: “what the judges decide”
 EXO	21	23	ya82	figs-explicit	וְ⁠נָתַתָּ֥ה נֶ֖פֶשׁ תַּ֥חַת נָֽפֶשׁ	1	as the judges determine	This means that if someone is hurt, the person who caused the hurt must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “you must take the killer’s life for the murdered person’s life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	24	c5bq	figs-explicit	עַ֚יִן תַּ֣חַת עַ֔יִן	1	an eye for an eye	This means that if someone is hurt, the person who caused the hurt must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “the striker’s eye for the injured person’s eye” (and etc throughout this and the next verse) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	26	i8cg		אִ֜ישׁ	1	If a man	Here, **man** refers to the owner of a slave.
 EXO	21	26	bmc1		תַּ֥חַת	1	in compensation	Alternate translation: “as payment for”
 EXO	21	28	sp6w		יִגַּ֨ח שׁ֥וֹר	1	an ox gores	Alternate translation: “an ox injures with its horns”
-EXO	21	28	qk3u	figs-activepassive	סָק֨וֹל יִסָּקֵ֜ל הַ⁠שּׁ֗וֹר	1	the ox must surely be stoned	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely stone the ox to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	28	q2gv	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠לֹ֤א יֵאָכֵל֙ אֶת־בְּשָׂר֔⁠וֹ	1	its flesh must not be eaten	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must not eat its flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	29	zgll	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הוּעַ֤ד בִּ⁠בְעָלָי⁠ו֙	1	its owner also must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and someone warned its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	28	qk3u	figs-activepassive	סָק֨וֹל יִסָּקֵ֜ל הַ⁠שּׁ֗וֹר	1	the ox must surely be stoned	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely stone the ox to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	28	q2gv	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠לֹ֤א יֵאָכֵל֙ אֶת־בְּשָׂר֔⁠וֹ	1	its flesh must not be eaten	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must not eat its flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	29	zgll	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הוּעַ֤ד בִּ⁠בְעָלָי⁠ו֙	1	its owner also must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and someone warned its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	29	x2y0	figs-explicit	וְ⁠הוּעַ֤ד בִּ⁠בְעָלָי⁠ו֙	1	its owner also must be put to death	The content of the warning could be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and its owner was warned that it gores” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	21	29	nzn1	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠גַם־בְּעָלָ֖י⁠ו יוּמָֽת	1	its owner also must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must also kill its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	30	t5rs	figs-explicit	אִם־כֹּ֖פֶר יוּשַׁ֣ת עָלָ֑י⁠ו וְ⁠נָתַן֙ פִּדְיֹ֣ן נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ כְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יוּשַׁ֖ת עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	If a payment is required for his life	The text does not specify who will impose a ransom on the ox’s owner. Since other texts indicate that justice is retributive and performed by the dead person’s family, that is one option. Another is that the judges will impose it. One of these can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: see UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	21	30	py37	figs-activepassive	אִם־כֹּ֖פֶר יוּשַׁ֣ת עָלָ֑י⁠ו…יוּשַׁ֖ת עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	If a payment is required for his life	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. However, you must make a decision regarding who is imposing the ransom, or use an unspecified pronoun if that is possible in your language (this second option would not make sense in English). Alternate translation: “If the judges impose a ransom on him … they impose on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	29	nzn1	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠גַם־בְּעָלָ֖י⁠ו יוּמָֽת	1	its owner also must be put to death	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must also kill its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	30	t5rs	figs-explicit	אִם־כֹּ֖פֶר יוּשַׁ֣ת עָלָ֑י⁠ו וְ⁠נָתַן֙ פִּדְיֹ֣ן נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ כְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יוּשַׁ֖ת עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	If a payment is required for his life	The text does not specify who will impose a ransom on the ox’s owner. Since other texts indicate that justice is retributive and performed by the dead person’s family, that is one option. Another option is that the judges will impose it. One of these can be stated clearly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	21	30	py37	figs-activepassive	אִם־כֹּ֖פֶר יוּשַׁ֣ת עָלָ֑י⁠ו…יוּשַׁ֖ת עָלָֽי⁠ו	1	If a payment is required for his life	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. However, you must make a decision regarding who is imposing the ransom or use an unspecified pronoun, if that is possible in your language (This second option would not make sense in English). Alternate translation: “If the judges impose a ransom on him … they impose on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	31	kg25		יִגָּ֖ח…יִגָּ֑ח	1	has gored	Alternate translation: “it injures with its horns … it injures with its horns”
 EXO	21	31	to8k	writing-pronouns	לּֽ⁠וֹ	1	has gored	Here, **him** probably refers to the ox’s owner. Alternate translation: “to the owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	21	32	qzv3	translate-bmoney	כֶּ֣סֶף׀ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֗ים	1	thirty shekels of silver	A **shekel** weighed 11 grams. Alternate translation: “330 grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
 EXO	21	32	qy0g	figs-explicit	אִם־עֶ֛בֶד יִגַּ֥ח הַ⁠שּׁ֖וֹר	1	thirty shekels of silver	Because they are to kill the ox, the slave must have died. You can make this explicit. Alternate translation: “If an ox kills a male servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	21	32	wm9a	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הַ⁠שּׁ֖וֹר יִסָּקֵֽל	1	the ox must be stoned	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must kill the ox by stoning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	32	wm9a	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הַ⁠שּׁ֖וֹר יִסָּקֵֽל	1	the ox must be stoned	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must kill the ox by stoning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	21	33	fd4p		יִפְתַּ֨ח…בּ֗וֹר	1	opens a pit	Alternate translation: “uncovers a hole in the ground” or “takes a cover off a hole in the ground”
 EXO	21	34	b48a	figs-explicit	כֶּ֖סֶף יָשִׁ֣יב לִ⁠בְעָלָ֑י⁠ו	1	repay the loss	The owner must be paid for the loss of his animal. Alternate translation: “he must pay the owner for the dead animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	34	ip1n		יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם	1	repay the loss	Alternate translation: “must make restitution”
-EXO	21	34	j8qz	figs-explicit	וְ⁠הַ⁠מֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־לּֽ⁠וֹ	1	will become his	The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will belong to the owner of the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	21	34	j8qz	figs-explicit	וְ⁠הַ⁠מֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־לּֽ⁠וֹ	1	will become his	The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and the dead animal will belong to the owner of the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	35	z9ug		וְ⁠חָצ֣וּ אֶת־כַּסְפּ֔⁠וֹ	1	divide its price	Alternate translation: “and divide the money” or “and divide the money they receive”
-EXO	21	36	fkx2	figs-activepassive	א֣וֹ נוֹדַ֗ע	1	if it was known	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: see UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	21	36	v64b		נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ מִ⁠תְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם	1	a habit of goring in time past	Alternate translation: “had gored other animals before”
-EXO	21	36	ix8h	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖⁠נּוּ בְּעָלָ֑י⁠ו	1	its owner has not kept it in	This means that the owner did not keep his ox safely where it could not wander to hit other animals. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “and its owner did not keep it inside a fence” or “and its owner did not tie it securely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	21	36	fkx2	figs-activepassive	א֣וֹ נוֹדַ֗ע	1	if it was known	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	21	36	v64b		נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ מִ⁠תְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם	1	a habit of goring in time past	Alternate translation: “the ox had gored other animals before”
+EXO	21	36	ix8h	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖⁠נּוּ בְּעָלָ֑י⁠ו	1	its owner has not kept it in	This means that the owner did not keep his ox safely where it could not wander to hurt other animals. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “and its owner did not keep it inside a fence” or “and its owner did not tie it securely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	21	36	dcv2	figs-explicit	שַׁלֵּ֨ם יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שׁוֹר֙ תַּ֣חַת הַ⁠שּׁ֔וֹר	1	he must surely pay ox for ox	The owner of the ox that killed must give an ox to the man who lost his ox. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the owner of the ox that killed must surely give a living ox to the owner of the ox that died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	22	intro	f9vb			0		# Exodus 22 General Notes<br><br>## Structure<br><br>This chapter continues the list of case laws for Israel. Any attempt to outline structure would have almost as many sections as there are verses.<br><br>## Translation issues in this chapter<br><br>### Hypothetical situations<br><br>Throughout the case law a hypothetical situation is introduced with “when” or “if,” then there is a description of the situation, then there is the penalty or action to be taken in those situations. A hypothetical person may be introduced with “anyone” or “whoever.” Most verses for the next several chapters will have these hypothetical situations. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]] Translators familiar with Hebrew may want to notice that, generally, major divisions are introduced by כִּי (ki) and minor divisions within a topic are introduced by אִם (’im).<br><br><br>### Passive construction<br><br>Many portions of these situations are written in the passive voice. Some languages may have to change all or some of these to active voice. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]].
+EXO	22	intro	f9vb			0		# Exodus 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure\n\nThis chapter continues the list of case laws for Israel. Any attempt to outline structure would have almost as many sections as there are verses.\n\n## Translation Issues in this Chapter\n\n### Hypothetical situations\n\nThroughout the case law a hypothetical situation is introduced with “when” or “if.” Then there is a description of the situation, and then there is the penalty or action to be taken in those situations. A hypothetical person may be introduced with “anyone” or “whoever.” Most verses for the next several chapters will contain these hypothetical situations. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]] Translators familiar with Hebrew may want to notice that, generally, major divisions are introduced by כִּי (ki) and minor divisions within a topic are introduced by אִם (’im).\n\n### Passive construction\n\nMany portions of these situations are written in the passive voice. Some languages may have to change all or some of these to active voice. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]].
 EXO	22	1	syx5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
-EXO	22	1	onm0	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	כִּ֤י יִגְנֹֽב־אִישׁ֙ שׁ֣וֹר אוֹ־שֶׂ֔ה וּ⁠טְבָח֖⁠וֹ א֣וֹ מְכָר֑⁠וֹ	1	General Information:	This is the first of many hypothetical situations in this chapter, introduced by “when” or **if,** which you will encounter over the next several chapters. See the [introduction](../22/intro.md). You will need to translate these consistently in a manner that expresses that these situations have not happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
+EXO	22	1	onm0	grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical	כִּ֤י יִגְנֹֽב־אִישׁ֙ שׁ֣וֹר אוֹ־שֶׂ֔ה וּ⁠טְבָח֖⁠וֹ א֣וֹ מְכָר֑⁠וֹ	1	General Information:	This is the first of many hypothetical situations in this chapter, introduced by “when” or **if,** which you will encounter over the next several chapters. See the [introduction](../22/intro.md). You will need to translate these consistently in a manner that expresses that these situations have not actually happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
 EXO	22	1	bc03	translate-numbers	חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה…וְ⁠אַרְבַּע	1	General Information:	Alternate translation: “5 … and 4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	22	2	mt43	figs-activepassive	אִם־בַּ⁠מַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת יִמָּצֵ֥א הַ⁠גַּנָּ֖ב	1	If a thief is found	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If anyone finds a thief while he is breaking in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	2	e98x		בַּ⁠מַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת	1	breaking in	Alternate translation: “while using force to come into a house”
-EXO	22	2	gt5f	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הֻכָּ֣ה וָ⁠מֵ֑ת	1	if he is struck so that he dies	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if anyone strikes the thief so that he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	2	e98x		בַּ⁠מַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת	1	breaking in	Alternate translation: “while using force to enter a house”
+EXO	22	2	gt5f	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠הֻכָּ֣ה וָ⁠מֵ֑ת	1	if he is struck so that he dies	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if anyone strikes the thief so that he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	2	fq57		אֵ֥ין ל֖⁠וֹ דָּמִֽים	1	no guilt for murder will attach to anyone on his account	Alternate translation: “no one will be guilty of murdering him”
-EXO	22	3	vym5		אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה הַ⁠שֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖י⁠ו	1	if the sun has risen before he breaks in	Alternate translation: “if it is light before he breaks in” or “if he breaks in and it is after sunrise”
-EXO	22	3	c5yl	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִמְכַּ֖ר בִּ⁠גְנֵבָתֽ⁠וֹ	1	he must be sold for his theft	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	4	k926	figs-activepassive	אִֽם־הִמָּצֵא֩ תִמָּצֵ֨א בְ⁠יָד֜⁠וֹ הַ⁠גְּנֵבָ֗ה…חַיִּ֑ים	1	If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If they find that he still has the live animal that he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	3	vym5		אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה הַ⁠שֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖י⁠ו	1	if the sun has risen before he breaks in	Alternate translation: “But if it is light before he breaks in” or “But if he breaks in and it is after sunrise”
+EXO	22	3	c5yl	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִמְכַּ֖ר בִּ⁠גְנֵבָתֽ⁠וֹ	1	he must be sold for his theft	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	4	k926	figs-activepassive	אִֽם־הִמָּצֵא֩ תִמָּצֵ֨א בְ⁠יָד֜⁠וֹ הַ⁠גְּנֵבָ֗ה…חַיִּ֑ים	1	If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If they find that he still has the live animal that he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	4	g5kg		שְׁנַ֖יִם יְשַׁלֵּֽם	1	pay back double	The meaning of **compensate double** is not entirely clear. Most interpretations follow the UST, that is, two animals total must be given, the stolen one and one more. Some interpret double to mean the thief must pay two animals for every animal that he took, so three total. It would be best to leave double as ambiguous as possible. Alternate translation: “he must compensate twice what he stole”
 EXO	22	5	j24t		יַבְעֶר…וּ⁠בִעֵ֖ר	1	If a man grazes his livestock	Alternate translation: “causes to eat plants … and it eats plants”
-EXO	22	5	nlxc	grammar-collectivenouns	בְּעִיר֔וֹ	1	If a man grazes his livestock	**Livestock** is a collective singular noun that could refer to cows, goats, sheep, or basically any domesticated animals. In some languages you will need to translate it as a plural. Alternate translation: see UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
+EXO	22	5	nlxc	grammar-collectivenouns	בְּעִיר֔וֹ	1	If a man grazes his livestock	**Livestock** is a collective singular noun that could refer to cows, goats, sheep, or basically any domesticated animals. In some languages you will need to translate it as a plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	22	5	jrb3		יְשַׁלֵּֽם	1	he must make restitution	Alternate translation: “he must pay back the owner of that field”
-EXO	22	6	x6aj	figs-activepassive	כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ וּ⁠מָצְאָ֤ה קֹצִים֙ וְ⁠נֶאֱכַ֣ל	1	If a fire breaks out and spreads in thorns	Here, **breaks out** and **consumes** can be stated in active form or in another way that is natural in your language if your language does not use the passive form in this way. Alternate translation: “If someone starts a fire and it spreads in thorns and it consumes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	6	x6aj	figs-activepassive	כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ וּ⁠מָצְאָ֤ה קֹצִים֙ וְ⁠נֶאֱכַ֣ל	1	If a fire breaks out and spreads in thorns	Here, **breaks out** and **consumes** can be stated in active form or in another way that is natural in your language if your language does not use the passive form in this way. Alternate translation: “If someone starts a fire, and it spreads in thorns, and it consumes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	6	i4ma		וּ⁠מָצְאָ֤ה קֹצִים֙	1	spreads in thorns	Alternate translation: “and moves along the ground through dry plants”
 EXO	22	6	u1pa	translate-unknown	גָּדִ֔ישׁ	1	stacked grain	This is grain that has been cut and tied in bundles. Alternate translation: “bundled grain” or “harvested grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	22	6	r2cf	translate-unknown	הַ⁠קָּמָ֖ה	1	standing grain	This is grain that has not been cut, but it is ready to be harvested. Alternate translation: “the grain still in the field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	22	7	jw3v		לִ⁠שְׁמֹ֔ר	1	for safe keeping	Alternate translation: “to watch over it” or “to keep it safe”
-EXO	22	7	na9h	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠גֻנַּ֖ב	1	if it is stolen	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone steals it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	7	x2sh	figs-activepassive	אִם־יִמָּצֵ֥א הַ⁠גַּנָּ֖ב	1	if the thief is found	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if you find the thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	7	na9h	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠גֻנַּ֖ב	1	if it is stolen	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone steals it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	7	x2sh	figs-activepassive	אִם־יִמָּצֵ֥א הַ⁠גַּנָּ֖ב	1	if the thief is found	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if you find the thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	8	lwg5	figs-activepassive	אִם־לֹ֤א יִמָּצֵא֙ הַ⁠גַּנָּ֔ב וְ⁠נִקְרַ֥ב בַּֽעַל־הַ⁠בַּ֖יִת אֶל־הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים	1	come before the judges to see whether	You may need to translate these in an active voice if your language does not use passive in this way. Alternate translation: “If no one finds the thief, bring the owner of the house to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	8	c812	figs-metonymy	הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים	1	come before the judges to see whether	The word for **God** at its most literal means “great ones.” Here and in the [next verse](../22/09.md) it may have this basic meaning and refer to human judges or other leaders in Israel. It may also be a metonym and refer to the judges because they represent God to the people and have his authority. See [Exodus 21:6](../21/06.md) for another example of this. Alternate translation: “the judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	22	8	f774	figs-idiom	שָׁלַ֛ח יָד֖⁠וֹ בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת רֵעֵֽ⁠הוּ	1	has put his own hand on his neighbor’s property	This is an idiom for stealing. If you have a way of saying this in your language, you can use it here. Alternate translation: “he has stolen his neighbor’s property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	22	9	p7ab		דְּבַר…דְּבַר	1		Alternate translation: “dispute”
 EXO	22	9	fgz1		כִּי־ה֣וּא זֶ֔ה	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	Alternate translation: “This is mine” or “This is my missing property”
-EXO	22	9	m31k	figs-metonymy	הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים…אֱלֹהִ֔ים	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	The word for **God** at its most literal means “great ones.” Here and in the [previous verse](../22/08.md) it may have this basic meaning and refer to human judges or other leaders in Israel. It may also be a metonym and refer to the judges because they represent God to the people and have his authority. See [Exodus 21:6](../21/06.md) for another example of this. Alternate translation: “the judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	22	10	h7ms	figs-activepassive	נִשְׁבַּ֥ר אוֹ־נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	10	hzow		נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	This means something more like a wild animal takes the ox or sheep away (to eat) than someone stealing it. See [verse 12](../22/12.md) for cases where the animal is stolen while in another’s care.
-EXO	22	11	gl7t	figs-activepassive	שְׁבֻעַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה תִּהְיֶה֙ בֵּ֣ין שְׁנֵי⁠הֶ֔ם…וְ⁠לָקַ֥ח בְּעָלָ֖י⁠ו	1	an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both	Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh … and the owner must accept that oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	12	yw3w	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠אִם־גָּנֹ֥ב יִגָּנֵ֖ב מֵ⁠עִמּ֑⁠וֹ	1	But if it was stolen from him	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if someone stole the animal from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	13	b313	figs-activepassive	אִם־טָרֹ֥ף יִטָּרֵ֖ף	1	If an animal was torn in pieces	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if a wild beast tore the animal in pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	9	m31k	figs-metonymy	הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים…אֱלֹהִ֔ים	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	The word used here for **God**, at its most literal, means “great ones.” Here and in the [previous verse](../22/08.md) it may have this basic meaning and refer to human judges or other leaders in Israel. It may also be a metonym and refer to the judges because they represent God to the people and have his authority. See [Exodus 21:6](../21/06.md) for another example of this. Alternate translation: “the judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	22	10	h7ms	figs-activepassive	נִשְׁבַּ֥ר אוֹ־נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language, as modeled in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	10	hzow		נִשְׁבָּ֖ה	1	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	Here, **carried away** means that it is not a thief but a wild animal that takes the ox or sheep away (to eat it). See [verse 12](../22/12.md) for cases where the animal is stolen while in another’s care.
+EXO	22	11	gl7t	figs-activepassive	שְׁבֻעַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה תִּהְיֶה֙ בֵּ֣ין שְׁנֵי⁠הֶ֔ם…וְ⁠לָקַ֥ח בְּעָלָ֖י⁠ו	1	an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both	Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh … and the owner must accept that oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	12	yw3w	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠אִם־גָּנֹ֥ב יִגָּנֵ֖ב מֵ⁠עִמּ֑⁠וֹ	1	But if it was stolen from him	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if someone stole the animal from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	13	b313	figs-activepassive	אִם־טָרֹ֥ף יִטָּרֵ֖ף	1	If an animal was torn in pieces	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if a wild beast tore the animal in pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	14	h8yw		שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם	1	must surely make restitution	Alternate translation: “must certainly repay with another animal” or “must certainly pay the owner for the animal”
-EXO	22	14	wu3u	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִשְׁבַּ֣ר אוֹ־מֵ֑ת	1	must surely make restitution	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language as in the UST.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	15	g3zw	figs-activepassive	אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר	1	if the animal was hired	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone rented the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	14	wu3u	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִשְׁבַּ֣ר אוֹ־מֵ֑ת	1	must surely make restitution	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language, as modeled in the UST.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	15	g3zw	figs-activepassive	אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר	1	if the animal was hired	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone rented the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	22	15	r792	figs-explicit	בָּ֖א בִּ⁠שְׂכָרֽ⁠וֹ	1	it will be paid for by its hiring fee	The one who borrowed the animal will not have to pay the owner anything more than the hiring or rental fee. This fee will pay for the loss of the animal. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the money that someone paid to rent the animal will cover the loss of the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	22	15	f9w9		בִּ⁠שְׂכָרֽ⁠וֹ	1	hiring fee	Alternate translation: “for its rental fee” or “for the money paid to rent the animal”
-EXO	22	16	a8s8		וְ⁠כִֽי־יְפַתֶּ֣ה אִ֗ישׁ בְּתוּלָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־אֹרָ֖שָׂה	1	a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged	Alternate translation: “a man persuades a virgin who is not engaged that she wants to sleep with him”
+EXO	22	16	a8s8		וְ⁠כִֽי־יְפַתֶּ֣ה אִ֗ישׁ בְּתוּלָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־אֹרָ֖שָׂה	1	a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged	Alternate translation: “If a man persuades a virgin who is not engaged that she wants to sleep with him”
 EXO	22	16	th2m		לֹא־אֹרָ֖שָׂה	1	not engaged	Alternate translation: “not promised to be married”
 EXO	22	16	g24h	figs-euphemism	וְ⁠שָׁכַ֣ב	1	if he lies with her	Lying with someone is a euphemism for having sex. Alternate translation: “if he has sex with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 EXO	22	16	x33y		מָהֹ֛ר יִמְהָרֶ֥⁠נָּה	1	bride wealth	The **bride price** was money paid to the family to compensate for the loss of their daughter.
 EXO	22	17	y2xz	writing-pronouns	ל֑⁠וֹ…יִשְׁקֹ֔ל	1	him, he	These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	22	19	y3qy	figs-euphemism	כָּל־שֹׁכֵ֥ב עִם־בְּהֵמָ֖ה	1	Whoever lies with an animal	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Whoever has sexual relations with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
-EXO	22	19	b807	figs-activepassive	כָּל־שֹׁכֵ֥ב עִם־בְּהֵמָ֖ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	Whoever lies with an animal	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state **be put to death** in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely execute whoever lies with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	20	n4nh	figs-activepassive	יָֽחֳרָ֑ם…לְ⁠בַדּֽ⁠וֹ	1	Yahweh must be completely destroyed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “alone, you must completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	22	21	kr35		לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה	1	wrong a foreigner	Alternate translation: “You must not mistreat a foreigner” or “You must not cheat a foreigner”
-EXO	22	21	eoa5	figs-explicit	כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּ⁠אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם	1	wrong a foreigner	The Israelites are called to remember their previous condition, that they lived as foreign guests in Egypt. They came first to avoid the famine in Jacob and Joseph’s time and were dependent on the Egyptian hospitality. Later they were wronged and oppressed and they are not to do that to those who sojourn with them. You may need to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “for you were wronged and oppressed as sojourners in the land of Egypt” or “for you also depended on hospitality while you lived as sojourners in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	22	19	b807	figs-activepassive	כָּל־שֹׁכֵ֥ב עִם־בְּהֵמָ֖ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת	1	Whoever lies with an animal	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state **be put to death** in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely execute whoever lies with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	20	n4nh	figs-activepassive	יָֽחֳרָ֑ם…לְ⁠בַדּֽ⁠וֹ	1	Yahweh must be completely destroyed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “alone, you must completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	22	21	kr35		לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה	1	wrong a foreigner	Alternate translation: “You must not mistreat” or “You must not cheat”
+EXO	22	21	eoa5	figs-explicit	כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּ⁠אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם	1	wrong a foreigner	The Israelites are called to remember their previous condition, that they lived as foreign guests in Egypt. They came first to avoid the famine in Jacob and Joseph’s time and were dependent on Egyptian hospitality. Later they were wronged and oppressed, and they are not to do that to those who sojourn with them. You may need to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “for you were wronged and oppressed as sojourners in the land of Egypt” or “for you also depended on hospitality while you lived as sojourners in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	22	22	djh3	figs-doublenegatives	כָּל־אַלְמָנָ֥ה וְ⁠יָת֖וֹם לֹ֥א תְעַנּֽוּ⁠ן׃	1	You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “You must treat all widows and fatherless children fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 EXO	22	22	v3i8		אַלְמָנָ֥ה	1	widow	Alternate translation: “woman whose husband has died”
 EXO	22	22	l2ih		וְ⁠יָת֖וֹם	1	fatherless child	Alternate translation: “or child with no parents”
 EXO	22	24	zszz	figs-idiom	וְ⁠חָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֔⁠י	1	fatherless child	This is an idiom meaning that Yahweh will be angry. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and I will became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-EXO	22	24	sx9h	figs-metonymy	בֶּ⁠חָ֑רֶב	1	I will kill you with the sword	To be killed **with the sword** is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “you will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	22	24	sx9h	figs-metonymy	בֶּ⁠חָ֑רֶב	1	I will kill you with the sword	To be killed **with the sword** is a metonym that means a person will die violently, perhaps while fighting in a war. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “you will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	22	25	v5je		כְּ⁠נֹשֶׁ֑ה	1	a moneylender	Alternate translation: “like one who lends money”
 EXO	22	25	g3ry		לֹֽא־תְשִׂימ֥וּ⁠ן עָלָ֖י⁠ו נֶֽשֶׁךְ	1	charge him interest	Alternate translation: “you must not charge him extra money for borrowing” or “you must not charge him extra money for the loan”
 EXO	22	27	wi2m		כְסוּתוֹ֙ לְ⁠בַדָּ֔⁠הּ	1	only covering	Alternate translation: “is his only coat” or “is his only garment to keep him warm”
 EXO	22	27	x7zb	figs-rquestion	בַּ⁠מֶּ֣ה יִשְׁכָּ֔ב	1	What else can he sleep in?	This question adds emphasis. You can translate it as a strong statement. Alternate translation: “He will have nothing to wear while he sleeps!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EXO	22	28	eel2		אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א תְקַלֵּ֑ל	1	You must not blaspheme me, God	Alternate translation: “Do not insult God” or “Do not speak evil about God”
-EXO	22	28	tdj6		וְ⁠נָשִׂ֥יא בְ⁠עַמְּ⁠ךָ֖ לֹ֥א תָאֹֽר	1	nor curse a ruler	Alternate translation: “and do not ask God to do bad things to a ruler”
+EXO	22	28	tdj6		וְ⁠נָשִׂ֥יא בְ⁠עַמְּ⁠ךָ֖ לֹ֥א תָאֹֽר	1	nor curse a ruler	Alternate translation: “and do not ask God to do bad things to your ruler”
 EXO	22	29	p8nk	figs-doublenegatives	לֹ֣א תְאַחֵ֑ר	1	You must not hold back offerings	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “You must bring all of your offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 EXO	22	30	j345	translate-numbers	שִׁבְעַ֤ת	1	For seven days	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	22	30	m4wq	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠שְּׁמִינִ֖י	1	the eighth day	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “on day number 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
-EXO	23	intro	hk5t			0		# Exodus 23 General Notes<br><br>## Structure<br><br>This chapter continues the list of case laws for Israel. It also touches on the patterns of life regarding the Sabbaths ([verses 10-12](../23/10.md)) and Festivals ([verses 14-19](../23/14.md)). At [verse 20](../23/20.md) Yahweh begins telling them about their future as they go to and live in the promised land.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Celebrations of feasts and festivals<br><br>The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them.
+EXO	23	intro	hk5t			0		# Exodus 23 General Notes\n\n## Structure\n\nThis chapter continues the list of case laws for Israel. It also touches on the patterns of life regarding the Sabbaths ([verses 10-12](../23/10.md)) and Festivals ([verses 14-19](../23/14.md)). At [verse 20](../23/20.md) Yahweh begins telling them about their future as they go to and live in the promised land.\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Celebrations of feasts and festivals\n\nThe people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses, and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them.
 EXO	23	1	we1y			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
 EXO	23	1	eeoc	figs-abstractnouns	לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֖א שֵׁ֣מַע שָׁ֑וְא	1	dishonest witness	This could be translated differently to avoid the abstract nouns **report** and **emptiness.** Alternate translation: “You must not report emptily” or “You must not report falsely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EXO	23	1	fu5k	figs-idiom	אַל־תָּ֤שֶׁת יָֽדְ⁠ךָ֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע	1	dishonest witness	Here, to **put your hand with the wicked** means to support the lies that he is telling in order to harm someone else. The image is of putting out your hand to help him, to make him stronger than he would be on his own. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “You must not assist the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@@ -1636,100 +1636,100 @@ EXO	23	1	l4xr		שֵׁ֣מַע שָׁ֑וְא	1	General Information:	Alternate tr
 EXO	23	1	y1a3	figs-metonymy	עֵ֥ד חָמָֽס	1	dishonest witness	Here, **violence** can also mean “wrong.” Either way, it means to harm another person by committing injustice (violence to justice) by lying. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “a false witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	2	nqz9		וְ⁠לֹא־תַעֲנֶ֣ה	1	nor may you bear witness	Alternate translation: “and you also must not speak”
 EXO	23	2	z6ej	figs-metaphor	לֹֽא־תִהְיֶ֥ה אַחֲרֵֽי־רַבִּ֖ים לְ⁠רָעֹ֑ת	1	siding with the crowd	This is a metaphor that describes one’s agreeing with a group of people as if he actually walked behind that group. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “You must not do the evil that the crowd wants” or “You must not agree with the majority for evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	23	2	nuag	figs-ellipsis	לִ⁠נְטֹ֛ת…לְ⁠הַטֹּֽת	1	siding with the crowd	Alternate translation: “From justice” is omitted but should be understood. Alternate translation: “to turn aside from justice … that turns aside from justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-EXO	23	2	tnv2		לִ⁠נְטֹ֛ת…לְ⁠הַטֹּֽת	1	pervert justice	This means to do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling. Alternate translation: “to pervert justice … that perverts justice”
+EXO	23	2	nuag	figs-ellipsis	לִ⁠נְטֹ֛ת…לְ⁠הַטֹּֽת	1	siding with the crowd	The phrase “from justice” is omitted twice but should be understood in both cases. Alternate translation: “to turn aside from justice … that turns aside from justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
+EXO	23	2	tnv2		לִ⁠נְטֹ֛ת…לְ⁠הַטֹּֽת	1	pervert justice	Here, **to turn aside** means to do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling. Alternate translation: “to pervert justice … that perverts justice”
 EXO	23	6	z2al		לֹ֥א תַטֶּ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט אֶבְיֹנְ⁠ךָ֖ בְּ⁠רִיבֽ⁠וֹ	1	Do not thrust aside justice for your poor in his lawsuit	Alternate translation: “Do not decide to treat a poor man unjustly in legal matters”
-EXO	23	6	vh76		בְּ⁠רִיבֽ⁠וֹ	1	lawsuit	Here, this refers to any matter that a court decides.
-EXO	23	7	ljdw	figs-metaphor	מִ⁠דְּבַר־שֶׁ֖קֶר תִּרְחָ֑ק	1	I will not acquit the wicked	Here, distance is used figuratively to tell the Israelites to have no part in deception. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Do not speak deceptively” or “Do not join a false matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	23	6	vh76		בְּ⁠רִיבֽ⁠וֹ	1	lawsuit	Here, **in his lawsuit** refers to any matter that a court decides.
+EXO	23	7	ljdw	figs-metaphor	מִ⁠דְּבַר־שֶׁ֖קֶר תִּרְחָ֑ק	1	I will not acquit the wicked	Here distance is used figuratively to tell the Israelites to have no part in deception. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Do not speak deceptively” or “Do not join a false matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	23	7	c6xl	figs-doublet	וְ⁠נָקִ֤י וְ⁠צַדִּיק֙	1	I will not acquit the wicked	These two terms mean very similar things, both of which contrast with **the wicked** later in the verse. If your language does not use repetition in this way, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “person who has not done anything wrong or the person who always does what is right” or “person who does right and not wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 EXO	23	7	mf4w		לֹא־אַצְדִּ֖יק רָשָֽׁע	1	I will not acquit the wicked	Alternate translation: “I will not find the wicked not guilty” or “I will not say that a wicked person is innocent”
-EXO	23	8	gh3v	figs-personification	כִּ֤י הַ⁠שֹּׁ֨חַד֙ יְעַוֵּ֣ר פִּקְחִ֔ים וִֽ⁠יסַלֵּ֖ף דִּבְרֵ֥י צַדִּיקִֽים	1	bribe blinds…perverts	Here a “bribe” is described as if it could take action itself that negatively affects justice. Alternate translation: “for if you do, an evil person can give money to blind the clear-sighted and to pervert the words of the righteous ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-EXO	23	8	ai37	figs-metaphor	כִּ֤י הַ⁠שֹּׁ֨חַד֙ יְעַוֵּ֣ר פִּקְחִ֔ים וִֽ⁠יסַלֵּ֖ף דִּבְרֵ֥י צַדִּיקִֽים	1	bribe blinds…perverts	To **blind the clear-sighted** is a metaphor that means causing those who know what is right to act like they do not. And **pervert the words of the righteous** could mean causing those who would speak the truth (in court) to lie or causing the judge to give an evil judgment or causing those listening to **the words of the righteous** to choose to act as if they had heard something different. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “for a bribe causes those who understand the right thing to do not to do it and causes good men to speak lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	23	8	gh3v	figs-personification	כִּ֤י הַ⁠שֹּׁ֨חַד֙ יְעַוֵּ֣ר פִּקְחִ֔ים וִֽ⁠יסַלֵּ֖ף דִּבְרֵ֥י צַדִּיקִֽים	1	bribe blinds…perverts	Here, a “bribe” is described as if it could take action itself that negatively affects justice. Alternate translation: “for if you do, an evil person can give money to blind the clear-sighted and to pervert the words of the righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+EXO	23	8	ai37	figs-metaphor	כִּ֤י הַ⁠שֹּׁ֨חַד֙ יְעַוֵּ֣ר פִּקְחִ֔ים וִֽ⁠יסַלֵּ֖ף דִּבְרֵ֥י צַדִּיקִֽים	1	bribe blinds…perverts	To **blind the clear-sighted** is a metaphor that means causing those who know what is right to act like they do not. And **perverts the words of the righteous** could mean causes those who would speak the truth (in court) to lie or causes the judge to give an evil judgment or causes those listening to **the words of the righteous** to choose to act as if they had heard something different. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “for a bribe causes those who understand the right thing to do not to do it and causes good men to speak lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	23	9	mzu9		אֶת־נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַ⁠גֵּ֔ר	1	the life of a foreigner	Alternate translation: “the feelings of the foreigner”
 EXO	23	10	rt7h		תְּבוּאָתָֽ⁠הּ	1	its produce	Alternate translation: “the food its plants produce”
 EXO	23	10	gjya	translate-numbers	וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ	1	its produce	Alternate translation: “And 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
-EXO	23	11	waxp	translate-ordinal	וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֞ת	1	unplowed	Alternate translation: “And the 7th” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
-EXO	23	11	b5q6	translate-unknown	תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣⁠נָּה וּ⁠נְטַשְׁתָּ֗⁠הּ	1	fallow	This means to leave the land fallow, that is, in its natural state, not used for to grow food, unplowed, unplanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
+EXO	23	11	waxp	translate-ordinal	וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֞ת	1	unplowed	Alternate translation: “But the 7th” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
+EXO	23	11	b5q6	translate-unknown	תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣⁠נָּה וּ⁠נְטַשְׁתָּ֗⁠הּ	1	fallow	This means to leave the land fallow, that is, in its natural state, unplowed, unplanted, not used to grow food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	23	11	s4wv	figs-explicit	וְ⁠אָֽכְלוּ֙ אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔⁠ךָ	1	so that the poor among your people may eat	The poor can eat any food that grows on its own in a field that is not cultivated. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “so the poor among your people may harvest and eat any food that grows on its own in that field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	23	12	ij92		שֽׁוֹרְ⁠ךָ֙ וַ⁠חֲמֹרֶ֔⁠ךָ	1	your ox and your donkey	Alternate translation: “your work animals”
 EXO	23	12	tajk	translate-numbers	שֵׁ֤שֶׁת	1	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	Alternate translation: “6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	23	12	u07q	translate-ordinal	הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֖י	1	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	Alternate translation: “the 7th” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
-EXO	23	12	gpu1	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠יִנָּפֵ֥שׁ בֶּן־אֲמָתְ⁠ךָ֖ וְ⁠הַ⁠גֵּֽר	1	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the son of your female slave and the sojourner may refresh himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	23	12	gpu1	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠יִנָּפֵ֥שׁ בֶּן־אֲמָתְ⁠ךָ֖ וְ⁠הַ⁠גֵּֽר	1	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the son of your female slave and the sojourner may refresh themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	23	13	ldn8		תִּשָּׁמֵ֑רוּ	1	Pay attention to	Alternate translation: “Do” or “Obey”
 EXO	23	13	va2j	figs-parallelism	וְ⁠שֵׁ֨ם אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֲחֵרִים֙ לֹ֣א תַזְכִּ֔ירוּ לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עַל־פִּֽי⁠ךָ	1	mention the names of other gods	These two instructions mean almost the same thing. It may be more clear to combine them in some languages. Alternate translation: “Be sure never to speak the names of other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 EXO	23	13	x5tf	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠שֵׁ֨ם אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֲחֵרִים֙ לֹ֣א תַזְכִּ֔ירוּ לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עַל־פִּֽי⁠ךָ	1	mention the names of other gods	This probably means praying to other gods. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “Do not pray to other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	13	apnw	figs-metonymy	לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עַל־פִּֽי⁠ךָ	1	mention the names of other gods	To be **on your mouth** means to speak. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “nor speak them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	13	s86p	figs-activepassive	לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עַל־פִּֽי⁠ךָ	1	mention the names of other gods	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Also see previous note. Alternate translation: “nor speak them so someone could hear them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EXO	23	14	ezgh	translate-numbers	שָׁלֹ֣שׁ	1	mention the names of other gods	Alternate translation: “3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
-EXO	23	15	bu7n	translate-hebrewmonths	הָֽ⁠אָבִ֔יב	1	Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
+EXO	23	15	bu7n	translate-hebrewmonths	הָֽ⁠אָבִ֔יב	1	Aviv	**Aviv** is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
 EXO	23	15	i88n	translate-numbers	שִׁבְעַ֣ת	1	Aviv	Alternate translation: “7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
-EXO	23	15	tx1v	figs-doublenegatives	וְ⁠לֹא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖⁠י רֵיקָֽם	1	not appear before me empty-handed	Here understatement is used to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “come to me without a proper offering” or “always bring an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
+EXO	23	15	tx1v	figs-doublenegatives	וְ⁠לֹא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖⁠י רֵיקָֽם	1	not appear before me empty-handed	Understatement is used here to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You must not come to me without a proper offering” or “You must always bring an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 EXO	23	16	ybsb		וְ⁠חַ֤ג הַ⁠קָּצִיר֙	1	Festival of Ingathering	Elsewhere this is called the “Festival of Weeks.” See [Exodus 34:22](../34/22.md) and Deuteronomy 16:9 and following.
 EXO	23	16	pnx4		וְ⁠חַ֤ג הָֽ⁠אָסִף֙	1	Festival of Ingathering	This festival celebrated the final harvesting of all the crops for the year. This festival was also known as the Festival of Shelters or the Festival of Booths. The idea came from the practice of the farmers living in temporary booths, or huts, out in the fields to guard the crop as it ripened. See Deuteronomy 16:13. Alternate translation: “And the Festival of the Ingathering”
-EXO	23	16	wgxm	figs-metaphor	בְּ⁠צֵ֣את הַ⁠שָּׁנָ֔ה	1	Festival of Ingathering	This means the end of the year. It is pictured as something that is leaving. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “as the year goes out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	23	17	t5xj	figs-metonymy	יֵרָאֶה֙	1	All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh	Here to **appear to the face of the Lord Yahweh** means to gather to worship. **To the face** is a metonym for Yahweh’s presence, referring to worship. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “must come to worship the Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	23	16	wgxm	figs-metaphor	בְּ⁠צֵ֣את הַ⁠שָּׁנָ֔ה	1	Festival of Ingathering	The phrase **in the exiting of the year** means at the end of the year.  The year is pictured as something that is leaving. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “as the year goes out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	23	17	t5xj	figs-metonymy	יֵרָאֶה֙	1	All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh	Here, to **appear to the face of the Lord Yahweh** means to gather to worship. **To the face** is a metonym for Yahweh’s presence, referring to worship. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “must come to worship the Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	20	bssx	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1		This means “in front of you.” Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	21	mpfy	figs-metonymy	הִשָּׁ֧מֶר מִ⁠פָּנָ֛י⁠ו	1	Be attentive to him	This means to respect him; **from his face** refers to his person. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “Show respect to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	23	21	pm7x	figs-activepassive	הִשָּׁ֧מֶר מִ⁠פָּנָ֛י⁠ו	1	Be attentive to him	If your language does not use the passive form in this way you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EXO	23	21	p5y3	grammar-connect-logic-result	אַל־תַּמֵּ֣ר בּ֑⁠וֹ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ לְ⁠פִשְׁעֲ⁠כֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שְׁמִ֖⁠י בְּ⁠קִרְבּֽ⁠וֹ׃	1	Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon	There are two reasons given for the instruction **do not cause bitterness in him**. They are chained together such that you could say: “Because my name is within him, he will not forgive your transgressions, therefore do not cause bitterness in him.” The relation of the **name** and **forgiveness** is not explicit. Alternate translation: “If you provoke him, he will not pardon your sins for my name is within him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
-EXO	23	21	p4jv	figs-metonymy	שְׁמִ֖⁠י בְּ⁠קִרְבּֽ⁠וֹ	1	My name is on him	Here **name** refers to God’s authority. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “He has my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	23	21	pm7x	figs-activepassive	הִשָּׁ֧מֶר מִ⁠פָּנָ֛י⁠ו	1	Be attentive to him	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+EXO	23	21	p5y3	grammar-connect-logic-result	אַל־תַּמֵּ֣ר בּ֑⁠וֹ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ לְ⁠פִשְׁעֲ⁠כֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שְׁמִ֖⁠י בְּ⁠קִרְבּֽ⁠וֹ׃	1	Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon	There are two reasons given for the instruction **do not cause bitterness in him**. They are chained together such that you could say: “Because my name is within him, he will not forgive your transgressions; therefore, do not cause bitterness in him.” The relation of the **name** and **forgiveness** is not explicit. Alternate translation: “If you provoke him, he will not pardon your sins, for my name is within him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+EXO	23	21	p4jv	figs-metonymy	שְׁמִ֖⁠י בְּ⁠קִרְבּֽ⁠וֹ	1	My name is on him	Here, **name** refers to God’s authority. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “he has my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	21	gt76	figs-metonymy	וּ⁠שְׁמַ֥ע בְּ⁠קֹל֖⁠וֹ	1	If you indeed obey his voice	Here, **voice** represents what the angel says. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “and obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	22	z1gn	figs-metonymy	אִם־שָׁמֹ֤עַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ בְּ⁠קֹל֔⁠וֹ	1	If you indeed obey his voice	Here, **voice** represents what the angel says. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “if you carefully obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	23	22	y9bm	figs-parallelism	וְ⁠אָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֹ֣יְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ וְ⁠צַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־צֹרְרֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: see UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
-EXO	23	23	x2nh	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶי⁠ךָ֒	1		This means “in front of you.” Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	23	24	a1d5	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה כְּ⁠מַֽעֲשֵׂי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	You must not…do as they do	The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: “You must not … live as the people who worship those gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	23	25	t3ir	figs-merism	וּ⁠בֵרַ֥ךְ אֶֽת־לַחְמְ⁠ךָ֖ וְ⁠אֶת־מֵימֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	he will bless your bread and water	This is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: “he will bless your food and drink” or “he will bless you by giving you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
+EXO	23	22	y9bm	figs-parallelism	וְ⁠אָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֹ֣יְבֶ֔י⁠ךָ וְ⁠צַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־צֹרְרֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
+EXO	23	23	x2nh	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶי⁠ךָ֒	1		This phrase, **before your face**,  means “in front of you.” Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EXO	23	24	a1d5	figs-explicit	וְ⁠לֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה כְּ⁠מַֽעֲשֵׂי⁠הֶ֑ם	1	You must not…do as they do	The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: “and you must not live as the people live who worship those gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	23	25	t3ir	figs-merism	וּ⁠בֵרַ֥ךְ אֶֽת־לַחְמְ⁠ךָ֖ וְ⁠אֶת־מֵימֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	he will bless your bread and water	Here, **your bread and your water** is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: “and he will bless your food and drink” or “and he will bless you by giving you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
 EXO	23	25	ydl4	figs-123person	וּ⁠בֵרַ֥ךְ	1	he will bless…I will remove	Yahweh switched between the first and third pronoun to refer to himself. Here both “he” and “I” refer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 EXO	23	26	q4gz	figs-doublenegatives	לֹ֥א תִהְיֶ֛ה מְשַׁכֵּלָ֥ה וַ⁠עֲקָרָ֖ה	1	No woman will be barren or will miscarry her young in your land	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Every woman will be able to become pregnant and give birth to healthy babies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
-EXO	23	26	i1r9		מְשַׁכֵּלָ֥ה	1	miscarry	to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly
+EXO	23	26	i1r9		מְשַׁכֵּלָ֥ה	1	miscarry	to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly, resulting in the death of the baby
 EXO	23	26	geqg	figs-idiom	אֶת־מִסְפַּ֥ר יָמֶ֖י⁠ךָ אֲמַלֵּֽא	1	miscarry	This is an idiom that means to live a long time. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “I will give you a long life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	23	27	yps8	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶ֔י⁠ךָ	1	miscarry	This means “ahead of you.” Alternate translation: “before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	27	q901	figs-idiom	וְ⁠נָתַתִּ֧י אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבֶ֛י⁠ךָ אֵלֶ֖י⁠ךָ עֹֽרֶף	1	miscarry	This is an idiom meaning that the enemies will turn and run away (showing the Israelites the backs of their necks). If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and I will make all of your enemies flee” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	23	28	t0r1	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠פָנֶ֑י⁠ךָ…מִ⁠לְּ⁠פָנֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	miscarry	This means “ahead of you.” Alternate translation: “before you … from before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	23	28	cg7i	translate-unknown	הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֖ה	1	hornets	This is a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
+EXO	23	28	cg7i	translate-unknown	הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֖ה	1	hornets	The **hornet** is a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	23	28	oocw	grammar-collectivenouns	הַ⁠צִּרְעָ֖ה…וְ⁠גֵרְשָׁ֗ה	1	hornets	Here, **hornet** is used in the singular but refers to a large group of the flying, stinging insects. **It** agrees in number with **hornet**. It may be necessary to translate as a plural. Alternate translation: “hornets … and they will drive out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
 EXO	23	29	wfdi	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פָּנֶ֖י⁠ךָ	1	miscarry	This means “ahead of you.” Alternate translation: “from before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	29	i9aq	figs-explicit	פֶּן־תִּהְיֶ֤ה הָ⁠אָ֨רֶץ֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה	1	or the land would become abandoned	You could make the rest of the idea explicit if it would help. Alternate translation: “lest the land become desolate because no one would be living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	23	30	mne7	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פָּנֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	miscarry	This means “ahead of you.” Alternate translation: “from before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	23	31	my2e	figs-metonymy	מִ⁠פָּנֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	miscarry	This means “ahead of you.” Alternate translation: “from before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	23	33	d1fp	figs-metaphor	כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְ⁠ךָ֖ לְ⁠מוֹקֵֽשׁ	1	this will surely become a trap for you	This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction as if they were an animal caught in a hunter’s trap. It could also be saying that leaving the other people around will make it so that the Israelites see the other people’s worship and are lured (like in a trap) into worshipping the other gods, which is a sin against Yahweh. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “worshipping them will surely destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EXO	24	intro	b83l			0		# Exodus 24 General Notes<br><br>## Structure<br><br>1. Yahweh summons Moses v. 1-2<br>2. Moses reads the covenant and the people accept it, this is ritually marked by sacrifice and sprinkling of blood v. 3-8<br>3. Moses and Israelite elders go up the mountain, see God and eat v. 9-11<br>4. Yahweh summons Moses further up the mountain without the other elders and he goes v. 12-15<br>5. Description of Yahweh’s glory and Moses is at the top of the mountain v. 16-18<br><br>## Potential translation issues<br><br>- there are a number of similes used to describe people’s encounter with God<br>- “covenant” appears in a variety of ways<br>- the mountain, the mountain of God, and Mount Sinai are all the same location<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ covenant<br><br>The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### God’s holiness<br><br>Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a “devouring fire.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
+EXO	23	33	d1fp	figs-metaphor	כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְ⁠ךָ֖ לְ⁠מוֹקֵֽשׁ	1	this will surely become a trap for you	This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction, as if they were an animal caught in a hunter’s trap. It could also be saying that leaving the other people around will make it so that the Israelites see the other people’s worship and are lured (like in a trap) into worshipping the other gods, which is a sin against Yahweh. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Worshiping them will surely destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EXO	24	intro	b83l			0		# Exodus 24 General Notes\n\n## Structure\n\n1. Yahweh summons Moses v. 1-2\n2. Moses reads the covenant and the people accept it; this is ritually marked by sacrifice and sprinkling of blood v. 3-8\n3. Moses and Israelite elders go up the mountain, see God and eat v. 9-11\n4. Yahweh summons Moses further up the mountain without the other elders, and he goes v. 12-15\n5. Description of Yahweh’s glory, and Moses is at the top of the mountain v. 16-18\n\n## Potential Translation Issues\n\n- there are a number of similes used to describe people’s encounter with God\n- “covenant” appears in a variety of ways\n- the mountain, the mountain of God, and Mount Sinai are all the same location\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Moses’ covenant\n\nThe people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])\n\n### God’s holiness\n\nBecause Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a “devouring fire.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
 EXO	24	1	hji6	writing-newevent		0	Nadab…Abihu	A new scene begins here, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
-EXO	24	1	c97i	translate-names	נָדָ֣ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֔וּא	1	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	24	1	zukb	figs-123person	אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה	1	Nadab…Abihu	Yahweh refers to himself in the third person, you may change it to first person if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
+EXO	24	1	c97i	translate-names	נָדָ֣ב וַ⁠אֲבִיה֔וּא	1	Nadab…Abihu	**Nadab and Abihu** are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	24	1	zukb	figs-123person	אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה	1	Nadab…Abihu	Yahweh refers to himself in the third person. You may change it to first person if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 EXO	24	1	nm3t	translate-numbers	וְ⁠שִׁבְעִ֖ים	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	Alternate translation: “and 70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
-EXO	24	1	ymip	figs-explicit	וְ⁠הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	Here, “to me” is implied, you may make it explicit if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “and you shall bow down to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	24	2	p06o	writing-pronouns	וְ⁠הֵ֖ם	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	This refers to all the other people mentioned in [verse 1](../24/01.md). Alternate translation: “and Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and the elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
-EXO	24	2	dqnp	figs-123person	אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	Yahweh refers to himself in the third person, you may change it to first person if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
-EXO	24	3	sbc3	writing-newevent		0	with one voice	Verses 3-8 are a different scene than the rest of the chapter, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. It seems that there were some preparations needed before Moses and the elders could go up to meet Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
+EXO	24	1	ymip	figs-explicit	וְ⁠הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	Here, “to me” is implied. You may make it explicit if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “and you shall bow down to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	24	2	p06o	writing-pronouns	וְ⁠הֵ֖ם	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	The pronoun **they** refers to all the other people mentioned in [verse 1](../24/01.md). Alternate translation: “and Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and the elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
+EXO	24	2	dqnp	figs-123person	אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה	1	seventy of Israel’s elders	Yahweh refers to himself in the third person. You may change it to first person if it would be unclear in your language. Alternate translation: “to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
+EXO	24	3	sbc3	writing-newevent		0	with one voice	Verses 3-8 tell of a different scene than the rest of the chapter, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. It seems that there were some preparations needed before Moses and the elders could go up to meet Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
 EXO	24	3	nuqr			0	with one voice	See [Exodus 19:8](../19/08.md) for how you translated a very similar event.
-EXO	24	3	cg32	figs-idiom	ק֤וֹל אֶחָד֙	1	with one voice	This is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “together” or “in agreement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+EXO	24	3	cg32	figs-idiom	ק֤וֹל אֶחָד֙	1	with one voice	Here, **with one voice** is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “together” or “in agreement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	24	4	h7gg		תַּ֣חַת הָ⁠הָ֑ר	1	foot of the mountain	Alternate translation: “at the base of the mountain”
 EXO	24	4	uipf	translate-numbers	וּ⁠שְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙…לִ⁠שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר	1	foot of the mountain	Alternate translation: “and 12 … according to the 12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	24	7	c9tm	translate-unknown	סֵ֣פֶר הַ⁠בְּרִ֔ית	1	foot of the mountain	Here, **book** does not mean something in our modern format. It was likely a piece of papyrus (an early form of paper made from reeds) or animal skin that rolled up. Alternate translation: “the Covenant he had written down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-EXO	24	8	h9ff	figs-explicit	הַ⁠דָּ֔ם	1	Then Moses took the blood	This refers to the blood that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	24	8	juxf	figs-explicit	עַ֥ל כָּל־הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֖ים הָ⁠אֵֽלֶּה׃	1	Then Moses took the blood	**These words** refers to what Moses just read aloud, that is, Yahweh’s commands. You can make this more clear. Alternate translation: “which I just read aloud to you and you agreed to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	24	8	h9ff	figs-explicit	הַ⁠דָּ֔ם	1	Then Moses took the blood	This refers to **the blood** that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+EXO	24	8	juxf	figs-explicit	עַ֥ל כָּל־הַ⁠דְּבָרִ֖ים הָ⁠אֵֽלֶּה׃	1	Then Moses took the blood	**These words** refers to what Moses just read aloud to them, that is, Yahweh’s commands. You can make this more clear. Alternate translation: “which I just read aloud to you and you agreed to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	24	9	izl5	writing-newevent		0	Nadab…Abihu	A new scene begins with this verse, which may need to be marked in a certain way in your language. Here the narrative is connected to [verse 2](../24/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
-EXO	24	9	uz7y	translate-names	נָדָב֙ וַ⁠אֲבִיה֔וּא	1	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	24	9	uz7y	translate-names	נָדָב֙ וַ⁠אֲבִיה֔וּא	1	Nadab…Abihu	**Nadab and Abihu** are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EXO	24	9	nuq7	figs-explicit	וַ⁠יַּ֥עַל	1	Nadab…Abihu	The men **went up** the mountain. You can state this clearly. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EXO	24	10	ic4s	figs-personification	וְ⁠תַ֣חַת רַגְלָ֗י⁠ו	1	Under his feet	This speaks of God as if he had human feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
+EXO	24	10	ic4s	figs-personification	וְ⁠תַ֣חַת רַגְלָ֗י⁠ו	1	Under his feet	**And under his feet** speaks of God as if he had human feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 EXO	24	10	q8sn		לִבְנַ֣ת	1	pavement	a hard surface for walking or riding
-EXO	24	10	pm87	translate-unknown	הַ⁠סַּפִּ֔יר	1	sapphire stone	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. If there is a blue gemstone that your people are familiar with you may use it here as the exact gemstone is not certain. You may also describe it. Alternate translation: “a blue gemstone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
+EXO	24	10	pm87	translate-unknown	הַ⁠סַּפִּ֔יר	1	sapphire stone	A **sapphire** is a gemstone that is blue in color. If there is a blue gemstone that your people are familiar with, you may use it here, as the exact gemstone is not certain. You may also describe it. Alternate translation: “a blue gemstone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 EXO	24	10	zd6u	figs-simile	וּ⁠כְ⁠עֶ֥צֶם הַ⁠שָּׁמַ֖יִם לָ⁠טֹֽהַר	1	as clear as the sky itself	This is a simile. Alternate translation: “and it was blue like the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	24	11	jds6	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠אֶל־אֲצִילֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֖ח יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	Here, **his hand** refers to his judgement. This means that God did not harm the leaders. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “God did not harm the Israelite leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EXO	24	11	b398	grammar-connect-condition-contrary	וְ⁠אֶל־אֲצִילֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֖ח יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	What would be expected is if they saw God they would die. The Israelite elders ability to see God and live is unexpected, be sure your translation conveys that. Alternate translation: “However, he did not send out his hand to the leaders of the sons of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary]])
+EXO	24	11	b398	grammar-connect-condition-contrary	וְ⁠אֶל־אֲצִילֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֖ח יָד֑⁠וֹ	1	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	What would be expected is that they would die if they saw God. The Israelite elders ability to see God and live is unexpected. Be sure your translation conveys that. Alternate translation: “However, he did not send out his hand to the leaders of the sons of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary]])
 EXO	24	12	dx4f	figs-explicit	לְ⁠הוֹרֹתָֽ⁠ם	1	tablets of stone and the law and commandments	This means so that Moses and the other Israelite leaders could teach the laws and commandments to the Israelite people. You may need to make this clear. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EXO	24	13	gv5e		וִ⁠יהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ מְשָׁרְת֑⁠וֹ	1	with his assistant Joshua	The word translated **servant** here is usually associated with a higher position, like a government minister. Avoid using a word that implies a lower class serving role. Alternate translation: “with Joshua who assisted him” or “with Joshua who helped him”
 EXO	24	13	flw7	writing-participants	וִ⁠יהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ	1	with his assistant Joshua	**Joshua** is introduced here again. Use the natural form in your language for reintroducing a character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
-EXO	24	14	mhvj	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וְ⁠אֶל־הַ⁠זְּקֵנִ֤ים אָמַר֙	1	wait for us	The structure of the Hebrew indicates but does not require that this speech by Moses happened before [verse 13](../24/13.md) (hence **had said**). The ULT takes this view, however, for languages where it is hard to express events out of order, the UST reflects the other grammatical possibility and says in [24:13](../24/13.md) that Moses started up the mountain and in [24:15](../24/15.md) that he went the rest of the way up the mountain. Following this you can view this verse as if Moses paused and gave these final instructions as he was leaving the elders behind, keeping a sequential structure. Either approach is permissible by the text, but the approach of the ULT is preferred if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+EXO	24	14	mhvj	grammar-connect-time-sequential	וְ⁠אֶל־הַ⁠זְּקֵנִ֤ים אָמַר֙	1	wait for us	The structure of the Hebrew indicates but does not require that this speech by Moses happened before [verse 13](../24/13.md) (hence **had said**). The ULT takes this view, however, for languages where it is hard to express events out of order, the UST reflects the other grammatical possibility and says in [24:13](../24/13.md) that Moses started up the mountain and in [24:15](../24/15.md) that he went the rest of the way up the mountain. Following this, you can view this verse as if Moses paused and gave these final instructions as he was leaving the elders behind, thus keeping a sequential structure. Either approach is permissible by the text, but the approach of the ULT is preferred, if possible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
 EXO	24	14	qiy4		לָ֣⁠נוּ	1	wait for us	Alternate translation: “Joshua and me”
-EXO	24	14	uc7r	translate-names	וְ⁠חוּר֙	1	Hur	This is a man’s name. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:10](../17/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-EXO	24	14	jyh8		וְ⁠הִנֵּ֨ה	1	Hur	**Behold** is used to draw attention to important information that Moses is about to tell them. It is frequently omitted, if your language uses a statement to draw attention to important information you should consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Remember”
+EXO	24	14	uc7r	translate-names	וְ⁠חוּר֙	1	Hur	**Hur** is a man’s name. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:10](../17/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+EXO	24	14	jyh8		וְ⁠הִנֵּ֨ה	1	Hur	**Behold** is used to draw attention to important information that Moses is about to tell them. It is frequently omitted. If your language uses a statement to draw attention to important information, you should consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Remember”
 EXO	24	14	dqhj	figs-idiom	מִי־בַ֥עַל דְּבָרִ֖ים	1	Hur	This is an idiom that means that someone has a legal dispute or complaint. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “Whoever has a legal claim” or “Anyone with a law case” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	24	16	j2s5	figs-metonymy	כְּבוֹד־יְהוָה֙	1	Yahweh’s glory	This was the brilliant light of Yahweh’s presence. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the brilliant light showing Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	24	16	sb1o	translate-numbers	שֵׁ֣שֶׁת	1	Yahweh’s glory	Alternate translation: “6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	24	16	uwdd	translate-ordinal	בַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֖י	1	Yahweh’s glory	Alternate translation: “on day number 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
-EXO	24	17	e4n6	figs-simile	כְּ⁠אֵ֥שׁ אֹכֶ֖לֶת	1	like a devouring fire	This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a fire. Alternate translation: “like a big fire burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
+EXO	24	17	e4n6	figs-simile	כְּ⁠אֵ֥שׁ אֹכֶ֖לֶת	1	like a devouring fire	This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly, like a fire. Alternate translation: “like a big fire burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 EXO	24	17	k5lj	figs-metaphor	לְ⁠עֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	1	in the eyes of the Israelites	Their **eyes** represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about what they saw. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. See how you translated a similar expression in [15:26](../15/26.md). Alternate translation: “to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EXO	24	18	h1wy	translate-numbers	אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָֽיְלָה	1	forty days and forty nights	Alternate translation: “forty days and forty nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 EXO	25	intro	t23a			0		# Exodus 25 General Notes<br><br>## Structure:<br><br>- v. 1-7: Instructions for gifts the Israelites may give to help build the place they will worship God<br>- v. 8-9: Introductory building instructions<br>- v. 10-22: Instructions for building the Box of the Testimony<br>- v. 23-30: Instructions for building the table<br>- v. 31-39: Instructions for building the lampstand<br>- v. 40: Summary instruction<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>- The tent of meeting and Box of the Testimony are introduced in this chapter.<br>- Translators will need to take care translating the concept of atonement.<br><br><br>## Potential translation issues in this chapter:<br><br>- There are many unfamiliar items in this chapter. Fortunately they are mostly all physical items. Translators will have to try to understand what each item is and translate it into the closest equivalent in their culture. It may be helpful for translators to try to find images depicting some of the items the Israelites were to make.<br>- There are some biblical weights and measurements that translators may not have encountered before.<br>- From [verse 11](../25/11.md) until the end of chapter 30 almost every instruction regarding the construction of the tent of meeting and all the associated items are given with a singular form of “you” as if Moses himself would make them. However, it is clear and made explicit in [chapter 31](../31/01.md) that certain skilled craftsmen will receive these instructions from Moses and make these items. In some languages you may need to change from second to third person throughout, following the pattern in [25:10](../25/10.md). There are a few exceptions which will have their own note. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]].<br>
@@ -2288,10 +2288,10 @@ EXO	34	3	x3rx		גַּם־הַ⁠צֹּ֤אן וְ⁠הַ⁠בָּקָר֙ אַל
 EXO	34	5	sp7f	writing-pronouns	וַ⁠יִּתְיַצֵּ֥ב עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שָׁ֑ם וַ⁠יִּקְרָ֥א	1	stood with Moses there	The pronouns are not clear here, but the referents are probably as in the following alternate translation: “and Yahweh stood with Moses there and Yahweh proclaimed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 EXO	34	5	r9ey	figs-metonymy	וַ⁠יִּקְרָ֥א בְ⁠שֵׁ֖ם יְהוָֽה	1	he pronounced the name “Yahweh.”	Possible meanings include: (1) “he spoke the name ‘Yahweh’” (2) “he proclaimed who Yahweh is” For the second meaning, **name** would represent who God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EXO	34	6	fz1q	figs-123person	יְהוָ֣ה׀ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֥ל רַח֖וּם וְ⁠חַנּ֑וּן	1	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	God is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am God, and I am merciful and gracious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
-EXO	34	6	t0kd	figs-doublet	רַח֖וּם וְ⁠חַנּ֑וּן	1	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	This is emphasizing that Yahweh cares for people and acts kindly towards them. If doubling would not strengthen the statement here in your language consider another form that would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
+EXO	34	6	t0kd	figs-doublet	רַח֖וּם וְ⁠חַנּ֑וּן	1	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	This is emphasizing that Yahweh cares for people and acts kindly toward them. If doubling would not strengthen the statement here in your language consider another form that would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 EXO	34	6	f7iq	figs-idiom	אֶ֥רֶךְ אַפַּ֖יִם	1	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	This is an idiom that means Yahweh does not get angry easily or quickly. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “slow to anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EXO	34	6	j7we	figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠רַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶ⁠אֱמֶֽת	1	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	The abstract nouns **covenant faithfulness** and **trustworthiness** can be stated as “covenantally faithful” and “trustworthy.” (For **covenant faithfulness** see [Exodus 20:6](../20/06.md)). Alternate translation: “always being faithful to my covenant and always being trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-EXO	34	6	d1qj	figs-doublet	חֶ֥סֶד וֶ⁠אֱמֶֽת	1	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	This is emphasizing that Yahweh always does what he promises towards the people he loves. If doubling would not strengthen the statement here in your language consider another form that would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
+EXO	34	6	d1qj	figs-doublet	חֶ֥סֶד וֶ⁠אֱמֶֽת	1	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	This is emphasizing that Yahweh always does what he promises toward the people he loves. If doubling would not strengthen the statement here in your language consider another form that would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 EXO	34	7	lt2j	figs-abstractnouns	נֹצֵ֥ר חֶ֨סֶד֙ לָ⁠אֲלָפִ֔ים	1	keeping covenant faithfulness for thousands of generations	The abstract nouns **covenant faithfulness** can be stated as “faithfully loving” or “faithful love.” See how you translated this in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands of generations” or “faithful to his covenant with thousands of generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EXO	34	7	q7z8	figs-ellipsis	לָ⁠אֲלָפִ֔ים	1	But he will	Here, **thousands** may refer to thousands of generations or thousands of people. The two notes following deal with either possibility. See [Exodus 20:6](../20/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 EXO	34	7	x90l	figs-hyperbole	לָ⁠אֲלָפִ֔ים	1	But he will	Option 1: This large number is used to mean “forever” or “to all descendants forever.” Alternate translation: “for every generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])