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deferredreward-tc-create-1 (#2137)
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Wright <benjamin.wright@unfoldingword.org> Co-authored-by: deferredreward <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2137 Co-authored-by: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org> Co-committed-by: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
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en_tn_02-EXO.tsv
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@ -1735,6 +1735,7 @@ EXO 24 17 e4n6 figs-simile כְּאֵ֥שׁ אֹכֶ֖לֶת 1 like a devouri
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EXO 24 17 k5lj figs-metaphor לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 in the eyes of the Israelites Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: “to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 24 18 h1wy translate-numbers אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָֽיְלָה 1 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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EXO 25 intro t23a 0 # Exodus 25 General Notes<br>## Structure:<br>- v. 1-7: Instructions for gifts the Israelites may give to help build the place they will worship God<br>- v. 8-9: Introductory building instructions<br>- v. 10-22: Instructions for building the Box of the Testimony<br>- v. 23-30: Instructions for building the table<br>- v. 31-39: Instructions for building the lampstand<br>- v. 40: Summary instruction<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>- The tent of meeting and Box of the Testimony are introduced in this chapter.<br>- Translators will need to take care translating the concept of atonement.<br><br><br>## Potential translation issues in this chapter:<br>- There are many unfamiliar items in this chapter. Fortunately they are mostly all physical items. Translators will have to try to understand what each item is and translate it into the closest equivalent in their culture. It may be helpful for translators to try to find images depicting some of the items the Israelites were to make.<br>- There are some biblical weights and measurements that translators may not have encountered before.<br>- From [verse 11](../25/11.md) until the end of chapter 30 almost every instruction regarding the construction of the tent of meeting and all the associated items are given with a singular form of “you” as if Moses himself would make them. However, it is clear and made explicit in [chapter 31](../31/01.md) that certain skilled craftsmen will receive these instructions from Moses and make these items. In some languages you may need to change from second to third person throughout, following the pattern in [25:10](../25/10.md). There are a few exceptions which will have their own note. See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]].<br>
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EXO 25 2 ygtd figs-quotemarks דַּבֵּר֙ 1 who is motivated by a willing heart At the beginning of this verse, a direct quote begins that continues until the end of [Exo 30:10](../30/10.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening first-level quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
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EXO 25 2 tktu figs-quotations דַּבֵּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְיִקְחוּ־לִ֖י תְּרוּמָ֑ה 1 who is motivated by a willing heart In some languages you may have to make **and they shall take a contribution for me** a direct quote. Note that this will make it a second-level quotation and you will need to mark it with second-level quotation marking if your language uses them. Alternate translation: “Say to the sons of Israel, ‘You shall take a contribution for me.’ ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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EXO 25 2 r5yr figs-idiom אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִדְּבֶ֣נּוּ לִבּ֔וֹ 1 who is motivated by a willing heart This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 25 2 k78q figs-youdual תִּקְח֖וּ 1 You must receive The word **you** is plural and refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual]])
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@ -1835,6 +1836,7 @@ EXO 26 37 av60 0 an embroiderer See how you translated very similar instructio
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EXO 27 intro x4f7 0 # Exodus 27 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br>- v. 1-8: Instructions for constructing the altar<br>- v. 9-19: Instructions for constructing the outer curtain walls forming the courtyard around the sacred tent<br>- v. 20-21: Instructions for the lampstand<br><br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of the courtyard area around the tent of meeting containing the altar where priests made sacrifices to Yahweh.<br><br>## Potential translation issues<br>- The verb **make** at the beginning of [verse 9](../27/09.md) is the only verb from verses 9-18. Some languages may be able to translate a clause chain this long without additional verbs, others (including English), will need to supply at least a minimum number of verbs (ULT) or quite a few verbs (UST) for naturalness.<br>- There continues to be a number of possibly unknown terms, still all tangible objects.
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EXO 27 1 s8qy translate-bdistance חָמֵשׁ֩ אַמּ֨וֹת…וְחָמֵ֧שׁ אַמּ֣וֹת…וְשָׁלֹ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת 1 cubits You can convert these lengths to a measurement system familiar to your people if that is the style of translation that you are using. A **cubit** is approximately 46cm. For your reference, a more precise conversion to metric is: 2.3m … 2.3m … 138cm (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
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EXO 27 4 hsq3 רֶ֣שֶׁת 1 grate a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning
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EXO 27 4 vlau 1 grate You may want to refer back to several other passages regarding making rings for carrying poles when translating this verse. See [Exo 25:12](../25/12.md), [Exo 25:26](../25/26.md), & [Exo 25:27](../25/27.md).
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EXO 27 5 c5em figs-explicit וְנָתַתָּ֣ה אֹתָ֗הּ תַּ֛חַת כַּרְכֹּ֥ב הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ מִלְּמָ֑טָּה וְהָיְתָ֣ה הָרֶ֔שֶׁת עַ֖ד חֲצִ֥י הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 You must put the grate under the ledge of the altar The grate was placed inside the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “And you shall put the grate under the rim of the altar, on the inside of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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EXO 27 7 b3yx figs-activepassive וְהוּבָ֥א אֶת־בַּדָּ֖יו 1 The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And you shall put its poles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 27 8 ecmh figs-123person הֶרְאָ֥ה 1 The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it Here, **he** refers to Yahweh in the third person. If it would be unnatural in your language for someone to refer to himself in this way you may need to change it. Alternate translation: “I showed” or “Yahweh showed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
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@ -2022,74 +2024,78 @@ EXO 29 42 j8cg לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם 1 throughout your generations
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EXO 29 42 h5r7 figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 tent of meeting This means in the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “before Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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EXO 29 43 ic8i figs-activepassive וְנִקְדַּ֖שׁ בִּכְבֹדִֽי 1 the tent will be set apart for me by my glory This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “My awesome presence will dedicate the tent to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 29 45 zcs1 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
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EXO 30 intro z3yc 0 # Exodus 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
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EXO 30 intro z3yc 0 # Exodus 30 General Notes<br>This chapter is mostly a return to instructions for building worship equipment for the sacred tent.<br>The forms of you are mostly singular, however, they again refer to the workmen that Moses will instruct so you should return to whatever form you have been following in chapters 25-28.<br><br><br>## Structure:<br>- v. 1-10: Incense altar<br> - v. 1-6: Instructions for making the incense altar<br> - v. 7-10: Use of the incense altar <br>- v. 11-16: Ransom money for taking a census<br>- v. 17-21: Instructions for a washbasin<br>- v. 22-30: Anointing oil<br> - v. 22-25: Instructions for making the oil<br> - v. 26-33: Instructions for using the oil<br>v- 34-38: Making and using sacred incense<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>Through the offering of blood and money things and people were kept in God’s favor. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]])<br><br><br>### Holiness<br>Some items in this chapter became so holy that they could make other things holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br><br>### Unknown terms<br>There are a number of ingredient terms that are unknown even to scholars.
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EXO 30 1 r1f4 1 General Information: Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment.
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EXO 30 1 v8vb figs-you 1 You must make Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 2 w56e figs-activepassive 1 Its horns must be made These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 3 d3uu 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 3 ddb2 1 the incense altar “an altar to burn incense”
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EXO 30 4 qyg4 figs-activepassive 1 to be attached to it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you will attach to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 5 r61h 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 6 h33c figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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EXO 30 6 e52i 1 atonement lid This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
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EXO 30 6 vg6k figs-you 1 where I will meet with you Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 7 l2rl 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 8 qm7i 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 9 ckf9 1 But you must offer Though the word **you** is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense.
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EXO 30 10 ez2s 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
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EXO 30 10 k6xk 1 horns These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
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EXO 30 10 san2 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 12 s73c figs-you 1 When you take Possible meanings are (1) **you** refers to just Moses or (2) **you** refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 12 k5p1 1 a census of the Israelites The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
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EXO 30 13 s69s figs-activepassive 1 Everyone who is counted This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 13 i4wk translate-bmoney 1 half a shekel of silver “1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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EXO 30 13 nfp6 1 according to the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used.
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EXO 30 13 id6d translate-unknown 1 twenty gerahs “20 gerahs.” A gerah is a unit that people used for measuring how much something very small weighed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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EXO 30 14 k4h9 figs-metaphor 1 from twenty years old and up Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: “from twenty years old and more” or “who is twenty years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 30 15 r7fd 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 15 rll6 1 the people Only the men made this offering.
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EXO 30 15 e8xa translate-bmoney 1 the half shekel Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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EXO 30 16 z6tn 1 It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives Possible meanings are (1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or (2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.”
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EXO 30 18 ye18 figs-you 1 You must also make Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 18 v88y 1 bronze basin “bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
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EXO 30 18 bh82 1 a bronze stand This is what the basin would be put on.
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EXO 30 18 iq8n 1 a basin for washing This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for.
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EXO 30 18 m5li 1 the altar the altar of sacrifice
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EXO 30 19 jq26 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 19 ivb1 1 water in it “water in the basin”
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EXO 30 21 hp35 1 for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people’s generations “for Aaron and all the generations of his descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 22 p8n6 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 23 m9g7 translate-unknown 1 spices dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 23 zq43 translate-numbers 1 five hundred shekels…250 shekels “500 shekels…two hundred and fifty shekels.” A shekel is about 11 grams. Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “5.7 kilograms…11.4 kilograms” or “six kilograms…three kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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EXO 30 23 xga2 translate-unknown 1 cinnamon…cane These are sweet spices. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 24 p9jh translate-unknown 1 cassia This is a sweet spice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 24 n38f translate-bweight 1 the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
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EXO 30 24 dv89 translate-bvolume 1 one hin Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “3.7 liters” or “four liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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EXO 30 25 juf3 1 with these ingredients “with these items”
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EXO 30 25 k3s5 1 the work of a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it.
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EXO 30 25 yv9l 1 a perfumer a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils
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EXO 30 26 f7k5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
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EXO 30 26 u241 figs-you 1 You must anoint Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 26 d4id figs-explicit 1 ark of the testimony The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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EXO 30 28 v5mk 1 the altar for burnt offerings “the altar on which offering were burnt”
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EXO 30 29 a9hr 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
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EXO 30 29 np7g 1 set them apart This refers to the items listed in [Exodus 30:26-28](./26.md).
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EXO 30 31 k4s7 1 throughout your people’s generations “all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 32 w4dt 1 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what Moses must tell the people.
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EXO 30 32 rlk4 figs-activepassive 1 It must not be applied to people’s skin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 32 v3br 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items”
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EXO 30 33 pa53 figs-metaphor 1 that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 1 v8vb figs-you וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ 1 You must make Here **you** refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 2 w56e translate-unknown קַרְנֹתָֽיו 1 Its horns must be made See how you translated **horns** in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md)
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EXO 30 2 a39m translate-bdistance אַמָּ֨ה … וְאַמָּ֤ה … וְאַמָּתַ֖יִם 1 Its horns must be made You can convert these lengths to a measurement system familiar to your people if that is the style of translation that you are using. A **cubit** is approximately 46cm. For your reference, a more precise conversion to metric is: 46cm … 46cm … 94cm (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
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EXO 30 3 d3uu 1 General Information: This verse is very similar to [Exodus 25:11](../25/11.md), see how you translated there.
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EXO 30 4 qyg4 1 to be attached to it You may want to refer back to several other passages regarding making rings for carrying poles when translating this verse. See [Exo 25:12](../25/12.md), [Exo 25:26](../25/26.md), [Exo 25:27](../25/27.md), & [Exo 27:4](../27/04.md).
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EXO 30 4 bvxi figs-idiom לְבָתִּ֣ים 1 to be attached to it Here, **housings** means that the rings will hold the poles. Since they are where the poles belong for use, they are figuratively their **house.** If you have a similar idiom meaning “place of belonging” you may use it or you may translate the idea. Alternate translation: “to be a place for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 30 6 ulvn figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י …לִפְנֵ֣י 1 to be attached to it Here, **before the face of** means in front of.
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EXO 30 6 e87s figs-you לְךָ֖ 1 to be attached to it Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 7 o1zo בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֗קֶר 1 General Information: “each morning” or “daily, in the morning”
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EXO 30 7 l2rl בְּהֵיטִיב֛וֹ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֖ת 1 General Information: The lamps had burned overnight and weren't needed during the day so he would put them out and do whatever maintenance was required for them to be ready in the evening. Alternate translation: “trims the lamps”
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EXO 30 8 nrgk וּבְהַעֲלֹ֨ת אַהֲרֹ֧ן אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֛ת 1 throughout your generations This may indicate that in the morning Aaron had taken the lamps down and he would light them and then put them up on the holders in the evening.
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EXO 30 8 sq7x figs-idiom בֵּ֥ין הָעֲרְבַּ֖יִם 1 throughout your generations The exact meaning of this phrase is debated. See how you translated it in [29:39](../29/39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 30 8 qm7i לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 9 ckf9 לֹא־תַעֲל֥וּ עָלָ֛יו קְטֹ֥רֶת זָרָ֖ה וְעֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֑ה 1 But you must offer Later, in [verses 34](../30/34.md) and following, God describes how to make the one sort of incense that he wants burnt on this altar. Alternate translation: “You shall only offer up the kind of incense I tell you. You shall not make burnt or grain offerings on it.”
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EXO 30 10 dgny grammar-connect-logic-goal קֹֽדֶשׁ־קָֽדָשִׁ֥ים ה֖וּא לַיהוָֽה 1 horns This last clause defines the purpose of the ritual described in this verse. See [Exo 29:37](../29/37.md). Alternate translation: “This is to make it holy of holies to Yahweh.”
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EXO 30 10 k6xk קַרְנֹתָ֔יו 1 horns These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
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EXO 30 10 san2 לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם 1 throughout your generations “through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 10 uxb4 figs-quotemarks לַיהוָֽה 1 throughout your generations After **Yahweh**, the direct quote that began in [Exo 25:2](../25/02.md) ends. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with a closing first-level quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
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EXO 30 12 dprx figs-idiom תִשָּׂ֞א אֶת־רֹ֥אשׁ 1 When you take In this context, **lift up the head** means to take a census. Alternate translation: “take a census”
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EXO 30 12 s73c figs-you תִשָּׂ֞א 1 When you take Possible meanings are (1) **you** refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census or (2) **you** refers to just Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 12 k5p1 אִ֣ישׁ 1 a census of the Israelites The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
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EXO 30 13 y1kn figs-idiom כָּל־הָעֹבֵר֙ עַל־הַפְּקֻדִ֔ים 1 half a shekel of silver This is an idiom that suggests that the men were counted by walking past someone who was counting people as they walked by. Alternate translation: “Everyone counted”
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EXO 30 13 i4wk translate-bweight הַשֶּׁ֖קֶל …בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל …גֵּרָה֙ הַשֶּׁ֔קֶל…הַשֶּׁ֔קֶל 1 half a shekel of silver These are units of weight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
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EXO 30 13 a2py translate-bmoney הַשֶּׁ֖קֶל …בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל …הַשֶּׁ֔קֶל…הַשֶּׁ֔קֶל 1 half a shekel of silver The **shekel** was used as both a weight and a unit of money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
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EXO 30 13 w3hx translate-fraction מַחֲצִ֥ית … מַחֲצִ֣ית 1 half a shekel of silver “1/2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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EXO 30 13 nfp6 בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ עֶשְׂרִ֤ים גֵּרָה֙ הַשֶּׁ֔קֶל 1 according to the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used.
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EXO 30 14 uqt6 figs-idiom כֹּ֗ל הָעֹבֵר֙ עַל־הַפְּקֻדִ֔ים 1 from twenty years old and up This is an idiom that suggests that the men were counted by walking past someone who was counting people as they walked by. It is the same phrase as in the [previous verse](../30/13.md). Alternate translation: “Everyone counted”
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EXO 30 14 vhim figs-idiom מִבֶּ֛ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה 1 from twenty years old and up This is an idiom that refers to age. See UST and how you translated the same idiom in [Exo 7:7](../07/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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EXO 30 14 k4h9 figs-metaphor מִבֶּ֛ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וָמָ֑עְלָה 1 from twenty years old and up Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: “from twenty years old and more” or “who is twenty years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 30 15 e8xa translate-bmoney מִֽמַּחֲצִ֖ית הַשָּׁ֑קֶל 1 the half shekel See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
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EXO 30 15 ew8p figs-123person נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶֽם 1 the half shekel The plural form of you is used here. In many cases, since Yahweh is speaking to Moses about the people that will be counted, it may make more sense to change to the third person. However, Moses would be counted as well and would have to pay the ransom, so a form of you that could include Moses and all the other Israelite men would also be an appropriate translation. Alternate translation: “for their lives”
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EXO 30 16 z6tn וְהָיָה֩ לִבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל לְזִכָּרוֹן֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְכַפֵּ֖ר עַל־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶֽם 1 It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives This sentence is very unclear. It is not clear who is being reminded of what. This could mean: (1) It will remind Yahweh that the Israelites have given money for their lives. Therefore he should welcome them. (2) It will remind the Israelites that they have given Yahweh money for their lives. Therefore he will welcome them.
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EXO 30 16 mwix figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “before Yahweh”
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EXO 30 18 v88y translate-unknown כִּיּ֥וֹר נְחֹ֛שֶׁת 1 bronze basin “bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
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EXO 30 18 bh82 וְכַנּ֥וֹ 1 a bronze stand This is what the basin would be put on.
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EXO 30 18 iq8n לְרָחְצָ֑ה 1 a basin for washing This phrase explains what the priests were to use the bronze basin for.
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EXO 30 19 ivb1 מִמֶּ֑נּוּ 1 water in it “in the water in the basin”
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EXO 30 20 dyku grammar-connect-logic-goal וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֑תוּ 1 water in it The priests must wash in order to not die. If the goal of some action needs to be placed elsewhere in the structure of your language move it to the usual location.
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EXO 30 20 it0h grammar-connect-logic-goal וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֑תוּ 1 water in it The priests must wash in order to not die. If the goal of some action needs to be placed elsewhere in the structure of your language move it to the usual location.
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EXO 30 21 hp35 וְהָיְתָ֨ה לָהֶ֧ם חָק־עוֹלָ֛ם ל֥וֹ וּלְזַרְע֖וֹ לְדֹרֹתָֽם 1 for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people’s generations See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:17](../12/17.md).
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EXO 30 23 m9g7 translate-unknown בְּשָׂמִ֣ים 1 spices These are dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 23 zq43 figs-explicit חֲמֵ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת…חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים וּמָאתָ֑יִם…חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּמָאתָֽיִם 1 five hundred shekels…250 shekels [The next verse](../30/24.md) mentions that these are shekel weight measurements, you may want to include some indication of that here. Alternate translation: “500 shekels … 250 shekels … 250 shekels”
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EXO 30 23 xga2 translate-unknown וְקִנְּמָן 1 cinnamon…cane This is a sweet spice taken from the inside of the bark of a tree that grows in south-east Asia. [See Wikipeda](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamon) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 23 t2me translate-unknown וּקְנֵה 1 cinnamon…cane This plant is unknown to scholars. Alternate translation: “and reed of”
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EXO 30 24 p9jh translate-unknown וְקִדָּ֕ה 1 cassia This is a sweet spice taken from the bark of a tree that grows in east Asia. It is slightly different than the spice cinnamon in the previous verse. [See Wikipeda](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamomum_cassia) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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EXO 30 24 n38f translate-bweight בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ 1 the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
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EXO 30 24 dv89 translate-bvolume הִֽין 1 one hin Translators may use units that people know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
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EXO 30 25 k3s5 מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה רֹקֵ֑חַ 1 the work of a perfumer This could mean: (1) Moses was to have an ointment mixer do the work. (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way an ointment mixer would do it.
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EXO 30 25 yv9l translate-unknown רֹקֵ֑חַ 1 a perfumer This is a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils.
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EXO 30 26 u241 figs-you וּמָשַׁחְתָּ֥ 1 You must anoint Here **you** may refer to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 29 np7g אֹתָ֔ם 1 set them apart This refers to the items listed in [Exodus 30:26-28](../30/26.md).
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EXO 30 31 k4s7 לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 throughout your people’s generations “all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
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EXO 30 32 rlk4 figs-activepassive עַל־בְּשַׂ֤ר אָדָם֙ לֹ֣א יִיסָ֔ךְ 1 It must not be applied to people’s skin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You shall not pour it on the body of a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 32 v3br וּבְמַ֨תְכֻּנְתּ֔וֹ 1 with the same formula “and … with the same ingredients” or “and … with the same items” or “and … according to this recipe”
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EXO 30 32 it0x grammar-connect-logic-result קֹ֣דֶשׁ ה֔וּא קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶֽם 1 with the same formula The second half of this statement (**it shall be holy to you**) explains to the people the result of this oil being holy, which is, they must respect it as a holy thing. It may make more sense in some languages to move this whole statement to the beginning of the verse because the rule about pouring on someone’s body is an application of the result. Alternate translation (placed at the beginning of the verse): “Because it is sacred, you must treat it like it is sacred, therefore”
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EXO 30 33 pa53 figs-metaphor וְנִכְרַ֖ת מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor **cut off** has at least three possible meanings. The following alternate translations express those: (1) “that person must be sent away” or (2) “that person will no longer be considered to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “that person must be killed” See how you translated **cut off** in Exodus 12:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 30 33 yhgi figs-activepassive וְנִכְרַ֖ת מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 that person must be cut off from his people The metaphor **cut off** has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form. Who will cut off that person is also not specified, it could be the Israelites or Yahweh. The following alternate translations express those: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 34 r3j2 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of **you** are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST.
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EXO 30 35 as9y figs-activepassive 1 Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 35 y8yj 1 blended by a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
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EXO 30 36 nz2a figs-you 1 You will grind it “You will crush it.” Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 36 t8y9 figs-you 1 You will regard Here **you** is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 37 z4p5 1 General Information: Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
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EXO 30 37 dq6c 1 you must not make any The word **you** here refers to the people of Israel.
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EXO 30 37 yv1y 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md).
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EXO 30 37 wh25 1 It must be most holy to you “You must consider it to be most holy”
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EXO 30 38 xn6v 1 perfume This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body.
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EXO 30 38 sa1m figs-metaphor 1 must be cut off from his people The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:33](../30/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 30 34 uo57 translate-unknown נָטָ֤ף׀ וּשְׁחֵ֨לֶת֙ וְחֶלְבְּנָ֔ה…וּלְבֹנָ֣ה זַכָּ֑ה 1 General Information: Here is a brief description of these materials, though we really do not know exactly what they are. Stacte is a resin from certain gum plants. Onycha is from certain shellfish or mollusks. Galbanum is another kind of gum resin.
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EXO 30 35 y8yj וְעָשִׂ֤יתָ אֹתָהּ֙ קְטֹ֔רֶת רֹ֖קַח מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה רוֹקֵ֑חַ 1 blended by a perfumer Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
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EXO 30 36 nz2a figs-you וְשָֽׁחַקְתָּ֣…וְנָתַתָּ֨ה 1 You will grind it “You will crush it.” Here **you** refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 36 oj2r figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֤י הָעֵדֻת֙ 1 You will grind it Here, **face** figuratively represents the front of the testimony. Alternate translation: “in front of the testimony”
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EXO 30 36 mxww figs-metonymy הָעֵדֻת֙ 1 You will grind it Here, **testimony** probably refers to the sacred chest that contained the tablets of the law. See UST.
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EXO 30 36 t8y9 figs-you לָכֶֽם 1 You will regard Here **you** is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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EXO 30 37 dq6c figs-you תַעֲשׂ֖וּ 1 you must not make any The word **you** here refers to the people of Israel.
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EXO 30 37 yv1y בְּמַ֨תְכֻּנְתָּ֔הּ 1 with the same formula “with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md).
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EXO 30 37 wh25 קֹ֛דֶשׁ תִּהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֖ לַיהוָֽה 1 It must be most holy to you “You must consider it to be most holy”
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EXO 30 38 xn6v לְהָרִ֣יחַ בָּ֑הּ 1 perfume This could mean: (1) to enjoy the scent for oneself (2) to wear as a perfume.
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EXO 30 38 sa1m figs-metaphor וְנִכְרַ֖ת מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 must be cut off from his people The metaphor **cut off** has at least three possible meanings. The following alternate translations express those: (1) “he must be sent away” or (2) “he will no longer be considered to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “he must be killed” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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EXO 30 38 o6v0 figs-activepassive וְנִכְרַ֖ת מֵעַמָּֽיו 1 must be cut off from his people The metaphor **cut off** has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form. Who will cut off that person is also not specified, it could be the Israelites or Yahweh. The following alternate translations express those: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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EXO 31 intro wfk7 0 # Exodus 31 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the end of Exodus’ recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sabbath<br>As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or celebration. Its significance extends beyond a way to help people rest. It is a major part of the identity of the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])
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EXO 31 2 m8ju figs-metonymy 1 I have called by name God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate translation: “I have chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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EXO 31 2 hf5r translate-names 1 Bezalel…Uri…Hur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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