See in Reader
Tracy's edits to DEU (#3161)
Co-authored-by: tracypreslar <tracypreslar@noreply.door43.org> Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richmahn@users.noreply.github.com> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3161
This commit is contained in:
Richard Mahn
parent
c77b60ed39
commit
9d17b251d4
265
tn_DEU.tsv
265
tn_DEU.tsv
|
|
@ -1,109 +1,166 @@
|
|||
Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
|
||||
front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Deuteronomy\n\n1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29)\n1. Moses appeals for Israel to obey the law of Yahweh (4:1–43)\n1. The Ten Commandments (5:1–10:22)\n1. Rules and warnings from the Law (11:1–26:19)\n1. Instructions for entering Canaan (27:1–26)\n1. Blessings for obeying and curses for disobeying (28:1–68)\n1. The covenant renewed (29:1–30:20)\n1. Last words of Moses, the Song of Moses, and his death (31:1–34:12)\n\n\n### What is the Book of Deuteronomy about?\n\nIn the book of Deuteronomy, Moses repeats the laws of the covenant that God made with the people of Israel. The people of Israel were about to go into the Promised Land. Before they entered the land, Moses reminded them of what Yahweh did for them and what he expected from them. Moses warned the people about worshipping idols and no longer trusting Yahweh once they settled in the Promised Land. Yahweh promised to judge those who disobey him and to bless those who obey his Law. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe name “Deuteronomy” means “Second Law” or “the retelling of the Law.” Translators may decide on a title such as, “A Repeat of the Law” or “Moses Explains the Law Again.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Deuteronomy?\n\nThe writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Deuteronomy. However, many scholars think that Joshua wrote chapter 34. This chapter tells how Moses died.\n\n### What are the important features of the Book of Deuteronomy?\n\nThe book contains a series of speeches that Moses gave to Israel before he died. He spoke these things just before the people entered the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### Why did Yahweh command the Israelites to completely destroy the people who lived in the Promised Land?\n\nAs God prepared the Israelites to enter the Promised Land, he commanded them to completely destroy the Canaanite people who lived there. The Israelites would then not be tempted to join them and worship their false gods.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### What is the role of God’s name in Deuteronomy?\n\nGod’s name is mentioned over thirty times in the book of Deuteronomy. The use of God’s name in this book usually represents God’s honor or fame. At other times in Deuteronomy, God’s name represents his presence. God said he would choose a place and make his name dwell there. This means God’s presence would be there. The people were to go to that place to worship him.\n\n### Can this book be translated before the rest of the Pentateuch?\n\nThe Books of Genesis and Exodus help to explain what happens in Deuteronomy. For this reason, those books should be translated before the Book of Deuteronomy.
|
||||
1:intro ggp9 0 # Deuteronomy 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s victory\nThe chapter explains that Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])\n\n### Possessing the land\n\nWhile the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Posessing the land depended on Israel’s faithfulness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||||
1:1 j9ty beyond the Jordan 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he spoke to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan”
|
||||
1:1 bg65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Suph … Paran … Tophel … Laban … Hazeroth … Dizahab 0 These are the names of places.
|
||||
1:2 p4gk It is eleven days’ journey from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea 0 Alternate translation: “It takes eleven days to walk from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea”
|
||||
1:2 m2r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Mount Seir 0 This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.”
|
||||
1:2 pp45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers eleven 0 Alternate translation: “11”
|
||||
1:3 pc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal It happened in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke 0 The ordinal numbers can be translated as cardinal numbers. Alternate translation: “They had lived in the wilderness for 40 years, 11 months, and 1 day, when Moses spoke”
|
||||
1:3 j362 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers fortieth 0 40th
|
||||
1:3 zfn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month 0 This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of January on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
1:3 p27w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers eleventh 0 11th
|
||||
1:3 d97r Yahweh 0 This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
1:4 ws56 Yahweh had attacked 0 Alternate translation: “Yahweh had enabled the Israelites to defeat”
|
||||
1:4 x2fp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Sihon … Og 0 These are names of kings.
|
||||
1:4 mpn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Heshbon … Ashtaroth at Edrei 0 These are names of cities.
|
||||
1:5 cn3h Beyond the Jordan 0 This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “East of the Jordan River”
|
||||
1:6 s8em spoke to us 0 The word “us” refers to Moses and the other people of Israel.
|
||||
1:6 gy3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom You have lived long enough in this hill country 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay near this mountain any longer”
|
||||
1:7 kh6j 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
1:7 l6np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Turn and take your journey 0 The word “turn” is an idiom for beginning action. Alternate translation: “Start again on your journey”
|
||||
1:7 rbe5 hill country … Euphrates 0 Yahweh is describing places in the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites.
|
||||
1:7 faf3 hill country 0 This is an area in the hills near the place where the Amorites lived.
|
||||
1:7 y94k lowland 0 an area of land that is low and flat
|
||||
1:8 bp4f Look 0 Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
|
||||
1:8 i61s I have set the land before you 0 Alternate translation: “I am now giving this land to you”
|
||||
1:8 p2mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns that Yahweh swore 0 Yahweh is speaking as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “that I, Yahweh, swore”
|
||||
1:8 pcv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche fathers 0 The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors”
|
||||
1:9 qad3 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
1:9 dv93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit I spoke to you at that time 0 Here “I” refers to Moses. The phrase “at that time” refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “When we were at Horeb, I spoke to you”
|
||||
1:9 l5mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I am not able to carry you myself alone 0 Here “to carry you” means “to lead you” or “to govern you.” Alternate translation: “It is too much for me to lead you by myself”
|
||||
1:10 zy9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole as the multitude of the stars of heaven 0 This is an exaggeration that means God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. Alternate translation: “a great crowd of many people” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
1:11 it3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor a thousand times 0 The phrase “a thousand” is a metaphor for “very many.” Alternate translation: “very many times”
|
||||
1:11 spg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers a thousand 0 1,000
|
||||
1:12 q9dw 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
1:12 fvz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion But how can I myself alone carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes? 0 Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of their problems by himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes by myself.”
|
||||
1:12 l36d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor carry your loads, your burdens 0 Moses speaks as if the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to take care of were heavy physical objects that he had been carrying. Alternate translation: “take care of your problems, your complaints”
|
||||
1:12 iss7 your disputes 0 Alternate translation: “your arguments” or “your disagreements”
|
||||
1:13 ue4a men of good repute from each tribe 0 Alternate translation: “men from each tribe whom the people of Israel respect”
|
||||
1:15 f4vm 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
1:15 u5jy men of good repute 0 Alternate translation: “men whom your people respected.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
1:15 t5iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers of thousands … of hundreds … of fifties … of tens 0 Alternate translation: “of groups of 1,000 … of groups of 100 … of groups of 50 … and groups of 10”
|
||||
1:15 s5h1 captains … officers 0 These are titles for different leaders in Israel’s government.
|
||||
1:15 s3vi tribe by tribe 0 Alternate translation: “from each of your tribes”
|
||||
1:16 dq18 judge righteously between a man and his brother 0 Alternate translation: “make right and fair decisions about the disputes Israelites have with each other”
|
||||
1:17 tia7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the judges, so the commands are plural.
|
||||
1:17 k656 You will not show partiality 0 Alternate translation: “Do not show partiality”
|
||||
1:17 l3vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism you will hear the small and the great alike 0 These two extremes “small” and “great” represent all people. Alternate translation: “you will treat all people alike”
|
||||
1:17 jze3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche You will not be afraid of the face of man 0 The word “face” is a metonym for the whole person. “You will not” is a command. “Do not be afraid of anyone”
|
||||
1:18 crf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit at that time 0 This means the time when they were at Horeb, at Mount Sinai.
|
||||
1:19 bf68 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:19 s8zk terrible wilderness that you saw 0 Alternate translation: “large and dangerous desert that you crossed through”
|
||||
1:20 lj3y 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:21 sel7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns Look … your God … before you; go up, take possession … your fathers … to you; do not be afraid, neither be discouraged 0 Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so these forms should be singular, not plural.
|
||||
1:21 xjd3 has set the land before you 0 Alternate translation: “is now giving this land to you.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
1:22 jr4u 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:23 cm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve men 0 Alternate translation: “12 men”
|
||||
1:24 n7e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom They turned and went 0 Turning is an idiom for beginning to obey a command. Alternate translation: “They left that place and went”
|
||||
1:24 m2qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Valley of Eshkol 0 This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem.
|
||||
1:24 h6p7 scouted it 0 Alternate translation: “looked for places they could attack”
|
||||
1:25 d189 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:25 c795 They took 0 Alternate translation: “The 12 men took”
|
||||
1:25 gns5 took some of the produce of the land in their hands 0 Alternate translation: “picked some of the produce of the land”
|
||||
1:25 et1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor brought us word and said 0 The speaker speaks as if a “word” were a physical object that someone could bring. Alternate translation: “told us”
|
||||
1:25 ks9s said, ‘It is a good land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.’ 0 The direct quotation can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said that the land that Yahweh our God was giving to us was good”
|
||||
1:26 t13i 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:26 k4x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Yet you refused to attack 0 God commanded the Israelites to attack and destroy the Amorites, but the Israelites were afraid and refused to fight them.
|
||||
1:27 am5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy into the hand of the Amorites 0 Here “into the hand” means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate translation: “into the power of the Amorites”
|
||||
1:28 dm6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Where can we go now? 0 Here this question emphasizes how afraid they were. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nowhere to go.”
|
||||
1:28 x4y4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom made our heart to melt 0 This means that they became afraid. Alternate translation: “made us very afraid”
|
||||
1:28 vs1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole are fortified up to the heavens 0 This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens”
|
||||
1:28 fl92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit sons of the Anakim 0 These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
1:29 d7v6 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:29 ukp2 I said to you 0 Alternate translation: “I said to your ancestors”
|
||||
1:30 wdr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche before your eyes 0 Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves saw”
|
||||
1:31 t94m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you you have seen … Yahweh your God carried you … you went … you came 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular.
|
||||
1:31 bmh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Yahweh your God carried you, as a man carries his son 0 Here Yahweh’s care for his people is compared to that of a father. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has taken care of you, like a father takes care of his son”
|
||||
1:31 ivd6 until you came to this place 0 Alternate translation: “until you came to this land that God promised to give you”
|
||||
1:32 hy2f 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:33 t7vc make camp 0 Alternate translation: “put up your tents”
|
||||
1:34 p8tw 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
1:34 a5i6 heard the sound of your words 0 Alternate translation: “heard what you were saying”
|
||||
1:34 gv71 he swore and said 0 God made a vow not to allow those who rebelled against him to enter the land he promised to give them.
|
||||
1:35 l5ps will see 0 Alternate translation: “will enter”
|
||||
1:36 xn3b save Caleb 0 Alternate translation: “except Caleb”
|
||||
1:36 ai2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jephunneh 0 This is the name of Caleb’s father.
|
||||
1:36 ix6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns he has wholly followed Yahweh 0 Yahweh speaks as if he were someone else. Alternate translation: “he has completely obeyed me”
|
||||
1:37 z3bs 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:37 j94d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Yahweh was angry with me because of you 0 This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel.
|
||||
1:38 du4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nun 0 This is the name of Joshua’s father.
|
||||
1:38 ze5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit who stands before you 0 Why Joshua stands before Moses can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who stands before you as your servant” or “who helps you”
|
||||
1:39 gn7q 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:40 mrt9 turn and take your journey 0 Alternate translation: “turn around and go back on the road you have come on”
|
||||
1:41 wwe3 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:41 eg59 sinned against Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “we have rebelled against Yahweh by disobeying him”
|
||||
1:41 zg19 we will follow 0 Alternate translation: “we will obey”
|
||||
1:41 l3as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to attack the hill country 0 Here the metonym “hill country” represents the people that live there. Alternate translation: “to attack the people who live in the hill country”
|
||||
1:42 vgw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive for I will not be with you, and you will be defeated by your enemies 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “your enemies will defeat you because I will not be with you”
|
||||
1:43 q8fb 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
1:43 t5l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy attacked the hill country 0 The metonym “hill country” stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “attacked the people who live in the hill country”
|
||||
1:44 z33p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile chased you like bees 0 A “bee” is a small, flying insect that flies in large groups and stings people who threaten them. This means that so many Amorites attacked the Israelite soldiers that they had to leave the battle. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
1:44 z2yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Seir 0 This is the name of a piece of land.
|
||||
1:44 fn6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hormah 0 This is the name of a city.
|
||||
1:44 xcg6 struck you down 0 Alternate translation: “killed many of your soldiers”
|
||||
1:45 d7e5 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
1:45 yrs7 returned and wept 0 Alternate translation: “returned to Kadesh and wept”
|
||||
1:intro ggp9 0 # Deuteronomy 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers. In this chapter is Moses’ first speech to the Israelites. \n\n- v. 1-4: Introduction\n- v. 5-49: Moses reminds the Israelites of what happened to their ancestors in the wilderness\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s victory\nThe chapter explains that Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])\n\n### Possessing the land\n\nWhile the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Possessing the land depended on Israel’s faithfulness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])\n\n### Yahweh's Presence\n\nIn verse 42, Yahweh says, “I will not be among you.” As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. In verse 42, Yahweh means that he will no longer be with the Israelites in a special way because of their rebellion.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Quotes in quotes\n\nIn this chapter, Moses gives a speech and quotes what other people said. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate or format this passage so that there are not quotations within a quotation. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])\n\n### Pronouns\n\nIn this chapter, the second person pronoun “you” is plural unless otherwise noted. Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites at Horeb, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.\n\n### “Yahweh your God”\n\nThroughout this chapter, Moses refers to Yahweh as “your God” when he speaks to the Israelites. Moses is referring to the same God that he also worships. He is not distinguishing between the God of the Israelites and his own God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that this is the same God that Moses worships. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])\n\n### Time Background\n\nIn his speech, Moses reminds the Israelites about what happened to their ancestors when they were camping at Mt. Sinai. Throughout his speech, Moses repeats the phrase “at that time” to refer to new topics that occur during that time period. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state this information explicitly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevents]])
|
||||
1:1 vb79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names ס֜וּף 1 The word **Suph** is the name of a place. It is uncertain where Suph is, but Suph could refer to the Red Sea. Alternate translation: “the Red Sea”
|
||||
1:1 bg65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names תֹּ֛פֶל וְלָבָ֥ן וַחֲצֵרֹ֖ת וְדִ֥י זָהָֽב 1 These are the names of places.
|
||||
1:1 mdz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo בֵּֽין & וּבֵֽין 1 Here, the text repeats **between** to describe the relative positions of cities. If it is unnatural in your language to repeat a preposition, you could you could use a form that identifies an area between cities. Alternate translation: “between … and”
|
||||
1:2 xcp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַחַ֨ד עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ 1 The implication is that the journey takes **11 days**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “It is a journey of 11 days”
|
||||
1:2 m2r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַר־שֵׂעִ֑יר 1 **Mount Seir** is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called Edom.
|
||||
1:3 xm9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent וַיְהִי֙ 1 Moses is using the word translated **and it happened** to introduce a new event in the story. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Here is what happened:”
|
||||
1:3 pc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בְּאַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use cardinal numbers here or equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: “after 40 years, in month 11”
|
||||
1:3 zfn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **eleventh** month of the Hebrew calendar includes January on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to give the number of the day and the name of the month on the Hebrew calendar, and say in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar.
|
||||
1:3 c54r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּנֵ֣י 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, the author is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “the children of”
|
||||
1:3 e9a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” Moses is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Jacob, who was also known as Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Israel” Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
|
||||
1:4 xfh0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַכֹּת֗וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh caused the Israelites to defeat Sihon and Og under Moses' leadership. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the Israelites to defeat”
|
||||
1:4 fivx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הַכֹּת֗וֹ 1 Here, the pronoun **he** refers back to Moses in verse 3. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “Moses defeated”
|
||||
1:4 x2fp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names סִיחֹן֙ & ע֚וֹג 1 The words **Sihon** and **Og** are the names of kings.
|
||||
1:4 mpn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן & בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי 1 The words **Heshbon**, **Ashtaroth**, and **Edrei** are the names of cities.
|
||||
1:4 e5t1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי 1 The implication is that King Og ruled over both **Ashtaroth** and **Edrei**. **Ashtaroth** and **Edrei** were cities that are close to each other. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “in Ashtaroth and in Edrei”
|
||||
1:5-6 t7y4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֵּאֵ֛ר אֶת־הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לֵאמֹֽר׃ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֵ֖ינוּ בְּחֹרֵ֣ב 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Moses began explaining the law. This is what Yahweh God said to his people at Horeb,”
|
||||
1:5 juo3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo הוֹאִ֣יל מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֵּאֵ֛ר אֶת־הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here, the text uses two verbs of speaking, **explaining** and **saying**, to introduce direct speech. If it is unnatural in your language to use two verbs of speech, you could use only one. Alternate translation: “Moses began explaining this law,”
|
||||
1:6 s8em rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive אֵלֵ֖ינוּ 1 Moses is using the pronoun **us** to refer to himself and every Israelite who was an adult when they were at Horeb, so use the exclusive form of that word if your language marks that distinction. Alternate translation: “to me and to your ancestors”
|
||||
1:7 l6np rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְּנ֣וּ ׀ וּסְע֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם 1 Here, the word **turn** describes the beginning of action. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Start your journey”
|
||||
1:7 cqqw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׁכֵנָיו֒ 1 Here, **neighbors** refers to any people groups in the nearby areas. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people groups near them”
|
||||
1:7 rbe5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַ֥ר הָֽאֱמֹרִי֮ וְאֶל־כָּל־שְׁכֵנָיו֒ בָּעֲרָבָ֥ה בָהָ֛ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֥ה וּבַנֶּ֖גֶב וּבְח֣וֹף הַיָּ֑ם אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַלְּבָנ֔וֹן עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת 1 The words **Arabah**, **Negev**, and **Lebanon** are the names of places. Yahweh is describing places in the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites.
|
||||
1:8 bp4f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְאֵ֛ה 1 Yahweh is using the term **look** to focus the Israelites' attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to say:”
|
||||
1:8 tgax rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
1:8 i61s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֥תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 Here Yahweh could be using the past tense: (1) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “I will give the land before your faces” (2) to refer to something that he has already done. Alternate translation: “I have already given the land before your faces”
|
||||
1:8 p2mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person נִשְׁבַּ֣ע יְ֠הוָה 1 Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use the first person form. Alternate translation: “I swore”
|
||||
1:8 pcv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם 1 Yahweh is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your forefathers”
|
||||
1:8 umon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם 1 Here, **seed** refers to the descendants of **Abraham**, **Isaac**, and **Jacob** as if they were semen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to their offspring”
|
||||
1:9 dv93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וָאֹמַ֣ר 1 Here, **I** refers back to “Moses” in verse 5. If it would be helpful in your language, you could repeat the word “Moses” here. Alternate translation: “I, Moses,”
|
||||
1:9 l5mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׂאֵ֥ת 1 Here **to carry** means “to lead” or “to govern.” If this word does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to lead”
|
||||
1:10 zy9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב 1 Moses says **as the stars of the heaven in number** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means that God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “almost as numerous as the stars of heaven”
|
||||
1:10 x7q2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם 1 When Moses says **your God**, he is referring to the same God that he also worships. He is not distinguishing between the God of the Israelites and his own God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that this is the same God that Moses worships. See the chapter introduction for more information. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who is our God,”\n
|
||||
1:11 aj7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-blessing יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם יֹסֵ֧ף עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם כָּכֶ֖ם אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים וִיבָרֵ֣ךְ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר לָכֶֽם 1 Moses is asking God to bless the Israelites. You could express this as either a blessing or a prayer, in whichever way is more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I hope that Yahweh, the God of your fathers, will add to you, as you {are}, 1000 times, and I hope that he will bless you, just as he spoke to you!”
|
||||
1:11 wrx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם 1 When Moses says **your fathers**, he is also referring to his own **fathers**. He is not distinguishing between the ancestors of the Israelites and his own ancestors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that Moses and the Israelites have the same **fathers**. Alternate translation: “the God of our fathers,”
|
||||
1:11 nybe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם 1 Yahweh is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your forefathers”
|
||||
1:11 h9y3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יֹסֵ֧ף עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם 1 The implication is that God will **add** to the number of Israelites by birth. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “add to your population”
|
||||
1:11 it3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים 1 Here **1000** means “very many.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different number or another phrase that indicates that something happens many times. Alternate translation: “very many times”
|
||||
1:12 fvz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵיכָ֥ה אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽם 1 Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of the Israelites' problems by himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement and use the appropriate punctuation at the end of the sentence. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry by myself your loads and your burdens and your disputes.”
|
||||
1:12 l36d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם 1 Here Moses speaks of the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to solve as if they were heavy physical **loads** and **burdens** that he needed to **carry**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will I make a decision by myself for your issues and your concerns”
|
||||
1:12 xa3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם 1 The terms **loads** and **burdens** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your heavy loads”
|
||||
1:13 q6g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet חֲכָמִ֧ים וּנְבֹנִ֛ים 1 The terms **wise** and **understanding** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “very wise”
|
||||
1:13 ue4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וִידֻעִ֖ים 1 Here **well-known** means “of good reputation.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use a comparable expression from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and of good reputation”
|
||||
1:13 eea5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶֽם 1 Here **heads** means “leaders”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “leaders”
|
||||
1:15 zzio rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָאשֵׁ֣י & רָאשִׁ֖ים 1 Here **heads** means “leaders”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the leaders of … {as} leaders”
|
||||
1:15 u5jy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וִֽידֻעִ֔ים 1 Here **well-known** means “of good reputation.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use a comparable expression from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and of good reputation”
|
||||
1:15 t5iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֲלָפִ֜ים & מֵא֗וֹת & חֲמִשִּׁים֙ & עֲשָׂרֹ֔ת 1 Alternate translation: “1,000 … 100 … 50 … 10”
|
||||
1:15 w87y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָׂרֵ֨י אֲלָפִ֜ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֗וֹת וְשָׂרֵ֤י חֲמִשִּׁים֙ וְשָׂרֵ֣י עֲשָׂרֹ֔ת 1 The implication is that the leaders are in charge of groups of fighting men. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “leaders of thousands of fighting men and leaders of hundreds of fighting men and leaders of fifties of fighting men and leaders of tens of fighting men”
|
||||
1:15 s3vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶֽם 1 The implication is that Moses appointed leaders for each of the tribes of Israel. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “from each of your tribes”
|
||||
1:16 imou rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֵיכֶם֙ 1 Here **brothers** refers to any Israelite. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
1:16 k0bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָׁמֹ֤עַ בֵּין אֲחֵיכֶם֙ 1 Here, **listen** means “listen to evidence in a legal case.” The judge is **in between** each party involved in the case and will listen to each party. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Listen to the evidence from both sides of the legal case”
|
||||
1:16 rdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אֲחֵיכֶם֙ & אִ֥ישׁ & אָחִ֖יו & \nגֵּרֽוֹ 1 Although the terms **brother**, **man**, **his**, and **him** are masculine, Moses is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “your fellow Israelites ... an Israelite ... a close relative ... the foreigner with the Israelite”
|
||||
1:16 z0ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo בֵּֽין־אִ֥ישׁ וּבֵין־אָחִ֖יו וּבֵ֥ין גֵּרֽוֹ 1 Here, Moses repeats **between** to describe different types of relationships that could require judgment among the Israelites. The first relationship involves close relatives. The second relationship involves an Israelite and a non-Israelite. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that describes relationships between individuals. Alternate translation: “between a man and his brother, and also between a man and the foreigner with him”
|
||||
1:17 k656 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹֽא־תַכִּ֨ירוּ פָנִ֜ים 1 Here, **recognize a face** is an idiom that means “show partiality.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You shall not play favorites” or “You shall not show partiality”
|
||||
1:17 wjfu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט & הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **judgment**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in the legal case ... the result of the legal case,”
|
||||
1:17 tw6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן 1 The implication is that the judges will **hear** legal cases. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you shall hear legal cases”
|
||||
1:17 l3vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism כַּקָּטֹ֤ן כַּגָּדֹל֙ 1 Here, **small** and **great** refer to all of the Israelites by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “any Israelite alike”
|
||||
1:17 tl9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj כַּקָּטֹ֤ן כַּגָּדֹל֙ 1 Moses is using the adjectives **small** and **great** as a noun to mean small people and great people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “small people and great people”
|
||||
1:17 zbxp rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֤א תָג֨וּרוּ֙ מִפְּנֵי־אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֥י הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט לֵאלֹהִ֣ים ה֑וּא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “The judgement, it is before God, so you shall not be afraid from the face of man.”
|
||||
1:17 jze3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִפְּנֵי 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”
|
||||
1:17 d6rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִ֔ישׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Moses is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “a person”
|
||||
1:17 insr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט לֵאלֹהִ֣ים ה֑וּא 1 Moses is speaking of the Israelites' legal cases as if they were objects that **belong to God**. Moses means that God decides what is right and wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God knows which decision is right or wrong”
|
||||
1:17 gn5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תַּקְרִב֥וּן 1 Moses is speaking of legal cases as if they were objects that the Israelites could physically **bring** to him. Moses means that the Israelites should let him decide the case. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you shall tell me”
|
||||
1:17 spb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיו 1 The implication is that Moses will not only **hear** the legal case, but also decide on a solution. You could include this information if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and I shall heart it and decide.”
|
||||
1:19 s8zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א 1 The implication is that the wilderness causes terror because it is dangerous. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and unsafe”
|
||||
1:19 vjy7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ 1 **Kadesh Barnea** is the name of a place.
|
||||
1:21 itcd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְ֠אֵה 1 Yahweh is using the term **look** to focus the Israelites' attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to say:”
|
||||
1:21 sel7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ & אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ & אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
1:21 cl66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְפָנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
1:21 c9fo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֲלֵ֣ה 1 Here, **go up** means “go fight.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “attack,”
|
||||
1:21 xjd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 Here Yahweh could be using the present tense: (1) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “I will give the land before your faces” (2) to refer to something that he has already done. Alternate translation: “I have already given the land before your faces” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
1:21 xae1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your forefathers,”
|
||||
1:21 w65d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת 1 The terms **afraid** and **discouraged** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “you shall not be discouraged at all”
|
||||
1:22 yugp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before us”
|
||||
1:22 le48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְיָשִׁ֤בוּ אֹתָ֨נוּ֙ דָּבָ֔ר 1 Here, **a word** means “a report.” The text describes the **word** as if it were a physical object that someone could **return** to someone else. Alternate translation: “and report back to us {about}”
|
||||
1:22 jr4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲלֶה 1 Here **up** means “towards the Promised Land.” You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “by which we will travel towards the land that Yahweh will give us”
|
||||
1:22 cn77 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go נָבֹ֖א 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “go” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “we will go”
|
||||
1:23 t0cv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַדָּבָ֑ר 1 Here, **word** represents what someone said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what they said”
|
||||
1:23 cm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּעֵינַ֖י 1 Here, **in my eyes** represents Moses’ assessment. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in my assessment”
|
||||
1:23 xkb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וָאֶקַּ֤ח 1 Here, **took** means “chose.” Moses speaks of choosing men as if he were physically taking them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I selected”
|
||||
1:24 tock rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַיִּפְנוּ֙ 1 Here **they** refers back to the “12 men” whom Moses chose in verse 23. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could clarify this information. Alternate translation: “And the 12 men turned”
|
||||
1:24 n7e4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַיִּפְנוּ֙ וַיַּעֲל֣וּ 1 Here, the word **turn** describes the beginning of action. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “And they started to go”
|
||||
1:24 mdt5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “and they went”
|
||||
1:24 m2qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַ֣חַל אֶשְׁכֹּ֑ל 1 Here, **the Valley of Eshkol** is the name of a place. This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem.
|
||||
1:25 c795 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַיִּקְח֤וּ בְיָדָם֙ 1 The expression **they took with their hands** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “And they took”
|
||||
1:25 gns5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיִּקְח֤וּ 1 Here, the word **took** means “pluck” or “harvest.” Alternate translation: “And they picked”
|
||||
1:25 w02p rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns מִפְּרִ֣י 1 In this verse, the word **fruit** is singular in form, but it refers to all the fruit of the land as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “some fruit of”
|
||||
1:25 et1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַיָּשִׁ֨בוּ אֹתָ֤נוּ דָבָר֙ 1 Here, **a word** means “a report.” The text describes the **word** as if it were a physical object that someone could **return** to someone else. Alternate translation: “And they reported to us”
|
||||
1:25 dgea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ 1 If your language would not use a direct quotation inside of a direct quotation, you could translate the second direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and said that”
|
||||
1:25 kzlh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַיָּשִׁ֨בוּ אֹתָ֤נוּ דָבָר֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ 1 Here, the text uses two expressions to describe speaking, **returned to us {with} a word** and **said**. These expressions introduce direct speech. If it is unnatural in your language to use two verbs of speech, you could use only one. Alternate translation: “And they returned to us {with} a word,”
|
||||
1:25 eknv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ 1 Here the present tense could: (1) refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “is about to give us” (2) refer to something that has already happened. Alternate translation: “has given to us” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
1:26 t13i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַעֲלֹ֑ת 1 Here, **go up** means “go fight.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to fight”
|
||||
1:26 k4x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֥י 1 Here, **mouth** refers to Yahweh’s commands and what he says to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the command of”
|
||||
1:27 vy6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַתֵּרָגְנ֤וּ בְאָהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וַתֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ 1 Here, the text uses two verbs of speaking, **grumbled** and **said**, to introduce direct speech. If it is unnatural in your language to use two verbs of speech, you could use only one. Alternate translation: “And you grumbled in your tents,”
|
||||
1:27 gpei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּשִׂנְאַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔נוּ 1 Here, the Israelites are using the possessive form to describe the **hatred** that they believe Yahweh is showing towards them. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a verb to show how **hatred** and **Yahweh** are related. Alternate translation: “Since Yahweh hates us”
|
||||
1:27 u8rq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּשִׂנְאַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hatred**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Since Yahweh hates”
|
||||
1:27 am5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיַ֥ד הָאֱמֹרִ֖י 1 The word **hand** refers to the power of the owner of the hand, **the Amorites**. Alternate translation: “into the power of the Amorites”
|
||||
1:28 dm6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אָנָ֣ה ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים 1 The Israelites use a question to emphasize that they are afraid of the Amorites and do not want to go near them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nowhere safe to go.”
|
||||
1:28 foq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אָנָ֣ה ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים 1 Here **go up** means “go” or “travel.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Where {can} we go?”
|
||||
1:28 s442 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַחֵינוּ֩ 1 Here, **our brothers** refers back to the “12 men” in verse 23 who scouted the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Our 12 brothers who scouted the land”
|
||||
1:28 qpgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַחֵינוּ֩ 1 Here **brothers** refers to other Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “our fellow Israelites”
|
||||
1:28 x4y4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הֵמַ֨סּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ 1 Here, the phrase **have caused our heart to melt** means that the **brothers** made the rest of the Israelites weak and afraid. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have made my heart skip a beat” “have made us very afraid” \n
|
||||
1:28 yik3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לְבָבֵ֜נוּ 1 In this verse, the word **heart** is singular in form, but it refers to all the hearts of the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “our hearts”
|
||||
1:28 yi6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵאמֹ֗ר 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “by saying that”
|
||||
1:28 ckkl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet גָּד֤וֹל וָרָם֙ 1 The terms **greater** and **taller** mean similar things. The Israelites are using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “{are} much stronger” //not sure if this is really a doublet.
|
||||
1:28 vs1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 The Israelites say **fortified to the heavens** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “extremely well-fortified”
|
||||
1:28 brf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֥י 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the descendants of”
|
||||
1:29 ukp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet לֹא־תַֽעַרְצ֥וּן וְֽלֹא־תִֽירְא֖וּן מֵהֶֽם 1 The terms **terrified** and **afraid** have similar meanings. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Do not be afraid at all.”
|
||||
1:29 dgo7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹא־תַֽעַרְצ֥וּן 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not be anxious”
|
||||
1:30 l93e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 When Moses says that Yahweh **walks before** the Israelites, he is describing how Yahweh guides them and protects them. See the chapter introduction for more information about Yahweh's presence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who guides you,”
|
||||
1:30 sv3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
1:30 wdr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְעֵינֵיכֶֽם 1 Here, **eyes** represents seeing. The Israelites could see physical proof that Yahweh fought for them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternative translation: “in your sight”
|
||||
1:31 yy3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָאִ֔יתָ 1 Here, Moses speaks of experiencing something as if it were seeing. If this word does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you have experienced”
|
||||
1:31 t94m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you רָאִ֔יתָ & נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ & אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
1:31 b4n9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ 1 Here, **carried** means “led” and “protected.” If this word does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “protected you”
|
||||
1:31 awy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּׂא־אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ 1 Moses is saying that Yahweh guiding and protecting the Israelites is like **a man carrying his son** because a father will help his son when the son is too small or weak to do something by himself. A father will hold his son, protect his son, and help his son go where he needs to by **carrying** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “as a father carries his child who is too weak to walk”
|
||||
1:31 ivd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 Here, **this place** refers to the base of Mt. Sinai where the Israelites camped. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “this mountain where you are camping.”
|
||||
1:32 hy2f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה 1 Here, **this word** represents what Yahweh said. Yahweh said in a promise that he will fight for the Israelites and cause them to possess the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But in this promise from Yahweh”
|
||||
1:33 gg6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵיכֶ֜ם 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
1:33 w2xc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּאֵ֣שׁ ׀ לַ֗יְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם֙ בַּדֶּ֨רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּבֶעָנָ֖ן יוֹמָֽם 1 These phrases refer to Exodus 13, where Yahweh led the Israelites with a pillar of fire and pillar of cloud. //how to link other book?
|
||||
1:33 o90m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ 1 The expression **that you should go in it** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “that you should go”
|
||||
1:34 a5i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ק֣וֹל דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם 1 Here, the phrase **the sound of your words** means “what you were saying.” Alternate translation: “what you were saying”
|
||||
1:34 gv71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַיִּשָּׁבַ֥ע לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here, the text uses two verbs of speaking, **swore** and **saying**, to introduce direct speech. If it is unnatural in your language to use two verbs of speech, you could use only one. Alternate translation: “And he swore,”
|
||||
1:35 n9j8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִישׁ֙ בָּאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 Although the words **man** and **men** are masculine, Yahweh is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “one person of these people of”
|
||||
1:35 l5ps rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole יִרְאֶ֥ה 1 Yahweh says **see** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means that the rebellious Israelites will not be able to enter and live in the land that Yahweh promised them. They will not even get close enough to see it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “shall live in”
|
||||
1:36 ai2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names יְפֻנֶּה֙ 1 The word **Jephunneh** is the name of Caleb's father.
|
||||
1:36 p6yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns ה֣וּא יִרְאֶ֔נָּה 1 Yahweh uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that Caleb and not any other adult Israelite will enter the promised land. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “only he shall see it.”
|
||||
1:36 z43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִרְאֶ֔נָּה 1 Here **see** means “approach in order to possess.” If this word does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he shall go into it.” //needs work
|
||||
1:36 s7rb rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְלֽוֹ־אֶתֵּ֧ן אֶת־הָאָ֛רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דָּֽרַךְ־בָּ֖הּ וּלְבָנָ֑יו יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִלֵּ֖א אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could move the last phrase to the beginning, since the last phrase gives the reason for the result that the beginning of the sentence describes. Alternate translation: “{He is} wholly after Yahweh, so to him I will give the land that he has stepped on, and to his sons.”
|
||||
1:36 hwf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּלְבָנָ֑יו 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to his offspring”
|
||||
1:36 namd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִלֵּ֖א אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 The implication is that Caleb follows **after Yahweh** and obeys him completely. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “{he} wholly obeys Yahweh.’”
|
||||
1:36 ix6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה 1 Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use the first person form. Alternate translation: “after me, Yahweh”\n”
|
||||
1:37 j94d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גַּם־בִּי֙ הִתְאַנַּ֣ף יְהוָ֔ה בִּגְלַלְכֶ֖ם 1 This refers to Numbers 20, when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. //How to link other book?
|
||||
1:38 du4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נוּן֙ 1 The word **Nun** is the name of Joshua’s father.
|
||||
1:38 ze5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָעֹמֵ֣ד 1 The implication is that Joshua **stands** before the Israelites as a servant before their master. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “who stands as your servant”
|
||||
1:38 q1og rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְפָנֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
1:39 dvtj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְטַפְּכֶם֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲמַרְתֶּ֜ם לָבַ֣ז יִהְיֶ֗ה 1 The implication is that the Israelites thought that they would lose the battles against the Amorites so their **children** would be captured as **plunder**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “And your children that you said would be plunder when you lost the battle”
|
||||
1:39 gn7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וּ֠בְנֵיכֶם 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, Yahweh is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “and your children”
|
||||
1:39 it12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹא־יָדְע֤וּ הַיּוֹם֙ ט֣וֹב וָרָ֔ע 1 The implication is that the children are not responsible for rebelling against Yahweh because they **do not know good or evil**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “do not yet know good or evil and will not be punished for your rebellion”
|
||||
1:40 mrt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְּנ֣וּ לָכֶ֑ם וּסְע֥וּ 1 Here, the word **turn** means “turn around” and describes the beginning of action. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “turn around and journey back”
|
||||
1:41 wwe3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וַֽתַּעֲנ֣וּ ׀ וַתֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלַ֗י 1 Here, Moses uses two verbs of speaking, **answered** and **said**, to introduce direct speech. If it is unnatural in your language to use two verbs of speech, you could use only one. Alternate translation: “And you answered me,”
|
||||
1:41 tnnn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אֲנַ֤חְנוּ נַעֲלֶה֙ וְנִלְחַ֔מְנוּ 1 The Israelites use the word **ourselves** to emphasize that they are very willing to obey God and go fight. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “We will even go up and fight”
|
||||
1:41 zg19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נַעֲלֶה֙ & לַעֲלֹ֥ת הָהָֽרָה 1 Here, **go up** means “approach in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “We ourselves shall go to war … to attack the hill {country}.”
|
||||
1:41 l3as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָהָֽרָה 1 Here, **hill {country}** refers to the people that live in that area. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the people who live in the hill {country}”
|
||||
1:42 zjfh rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could move the last phrase to the beginning, since the last phrase gives the reason for the result that the beginning of the sentence describes. Alternate translation: “I will not be among you, so do not go up and do not fight, so you will not be defeated before the face of your enemies.”
|
||||
1:42 ahae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ 1 Here, **go up** means “approach in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not go to war”
|
||||
1:42 vgw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “or your enemies will defeat you,”
|
||||
1:42 vuy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֖י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by”
|
||||
1:43 q8fb פִּ֣י 1 Here, **mouth** refers to Yahweh’s commands and what he says to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the command of”
|
||||
1:43 hqd8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַתַּעֲל֥וּ הָהָֽרָה 1 Here, **go up** means “approach in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and attacked the hill {country}”
|
||||
1:43 t5l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָהָֽרָה 1 Here, **hill {country}** refers to the people that live in that area. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the people who live in the hill {country}”
|
||||
1:44 z33p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וַיִּרְדְּפ֣וּ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה הַדְּבֹרִ֑ים 1 A **bee** is a small, flying insect that flies in large groups and stings people who threaten them. This means that so many Amorites attacked the Israelite soldiers that they had to leave the battle. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar expression, or state the meaning plainly. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Alternate translation: “and chased you like a dog chases a cat” “and chased you persistently”
|
||||
1:44 xcg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַֽיַּכְּת֥וּ אֶתְכֶ֛ם 1 Here, **struck down** means “defeated in battle” or “caused to retreat.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar expression, or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and defeated you in battle”
|
||||
1:44 z2yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּשֵׂעִ֖יר 1 **Seir** is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called Edom.
|
||||
1:44 j3li rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names חָרְמָֽה 1 The word **Hormah** is the name of a city.
|
||||
1:45 yrs7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַתָּשֻׁ֥בוּ 1 The implication is that the fighting men returned from the battle to where the rest of the Israelites were camping at Kadesh Barnea. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And you returned to Kadesh Barnea”
|
||||
1:45 a65i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַתִּבְכּ֖וּ 1 Here, **weep** means “ask for help in a time of need.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “asked for help”
|
||||
1:45 d7e5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”
|
||||
1:45 wf0c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּקֹ֣לְכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **voice** represent the words the Israelites spoke. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “to what you said”
|
||||
1:45 w3kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין 1 Here, **give ear** is an idiom that means “listen.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he did not lend his ear” or “and he did not pay attention”
|
||||
1:45 tvc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְלֹֽא־שָׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ בְּקֹ֣לְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין אֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 The phrases **Yahweh did not listen to your voice** and **he did not give ear to you** mean similar things. The author uses the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh did not pay any attention to you.”
|
||||
1:46 fnvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים כַּיָּמִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְשַׁבְתֶּֽם 1 The expression **according to the days that you stayed {there}** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “many days.”
|
||||
2:intro ji46 0 # Deuteronomy 2 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Covenant faithfulness\n\nYahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to the promises he made with Esau and Lot. Because of this, Israel was given specific land it was able to conquer in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
2:1 ys5a 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
2:1 b9af Then we turned and took our journey 0 Alternate translation: “Then we turned around and went”
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue