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@ -1570,11 +1570,11 @@ HEB 11 12 x8b2 figs-simile καθὼς τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανο
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HEB 11 12 mu4e figs-simile ὡς ἡ ἄμμος, ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης, ἡ ἀναρίθμητος 1 as countless as sand by the seashore Here the author compares the number of Abraham’s descendants to the amount of **sand** on a beach by the **sea**, which is so great that no one can count it (**countless**). He uses this comparison to emphasize how many descendants there are. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make it clearer that the author is referring to many descendants and many grains of **sand**. Alternate translation: “as many as the numberless grains of sand along the shore of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 11 12 mu4e figs-simile ὡς ἡ ἄμμος, ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης, ἡ ἀναρίθμητος 1 as countless as sand by the seashore Here the author compares the number of Abraham’s descendants to the amount of **sand** on a beach by the **sea**, which is so great that no one can count it (**countless**). He uses this comparison to emphasize how many descendants there are. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make it clearer that the author is referring to many descendants and many grains of **sand**. Alternate translation: “as many as the numberless grains of sand along the shore of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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HEB 11 13 tw2p figs-abstractnouns κατὰ πίστιν 1 without receiving the promises If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **faith**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “believe” or “trust.” Alternate translation: “While they were believing,” or “As they believed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 11 13 tw2p figs-abstractnouns κατὰ πίστιν 1 without receiving the promises If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **faith**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “believe” or “trust.” Alternate translation: “While they were believing,” or “As they believed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 11 13 rxtn writing-pronouns οὗτοι πάντες 1 without receiving the promises Here, the phrase **all these** could refer: (1) generally to all the people that the author has discussed in the chapter, with the exception of Enoch, who did not die. Alternate translation: “those I have mentioned” (2) specifically to Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, and Jacob, who are mentioned in [11:8–12](../11/08.md). Alternate translation: “the patriarchs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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HEB 11 13 rxtn writing-pronouns οὗτοι πάντες 1 without receiving the promises Here, the phrase **all these** could refer: (1) generally to all the people that the author has discussed in the chapter, with the exception of Enoch, who did not die. Alternate translation: “those I have mentioned” (2) specifically to Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, and Jacob, who are mentioned in [11:8–12](../11/08.md). Alternate translation: “the patriarchs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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HEB 11 13 yin6 figs-metonymy τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 without receiving the promises
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HEB 11 13 yin6 figs-metonymy τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 without receiving the promises Here, the word **promises** figuratively refers to the contents of the **promises**, or what God has “promised” to give. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that the author is referring to the contents of the **promises**. Alternate translation: “the things from God’s promises” or “the things that God promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 11 13 l2ln figs-abstractnouns τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 without receiving the promises
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HEB 11 13 l2ln figs-abstractnouns τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 without receiving the promises If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **promises**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “promise” or “pledge.” Alternate translation: “what God pledged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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HEB 11 13 g5ut figs-personification πόρρωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι 1 after seeing and greeting them from far off Here the author speaks as if **the promises** were travelers arriving from far away that people could “see” and “greet.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “but anticipating and expecting them in the future” or “seeing and greeting them from far off as if the promises were expected visitors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 11 13 g5ut figs-personification πόρρωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι 1 after seeing and greeting them from far off Here the author speaks as if **the promises** were travelers arriving from far away that people could “see” and “greet.” The author means that the people he has mentioned in this chapter were as sure of the **promises** as if they could already see and communicate with them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “but anticipating and expecting them in the future” or “seeing and greeting them from far off as if the promises were expected visitors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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HEB 11 13 n71b figs-pastforfuture εἰσιν 1 they admitted
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HEB 11 13 n71b figs-pastforfuture εἰσιν 1 they admitted Here the author uses the present tense because he is reporting what **all these** people **confessed** while they were alive. Use a natural tense in your language to report what people in the past said. Alternate translation: “they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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HEB 11 13 q1nq figs-doublet ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοί 1 they were foreigners and exiles on earth
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HEB 11 13 q1nq figs-doublet ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοί 1 they were foreigners and exiles on earth Here, the words **strangers** and **foreigners** function together to identify **all these** people as those who are not living in their homeland. In other words, they are “resident aliens.” If you do not have two words for these categories, you could use a single word or phrase that refers to people who are living somewhere besides their home or homeland. Alternate translation: “aliens” or “foreign people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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HEB 11 14 xwa4 πατρίδα 1 a homeland Alternate translation: “a country for them to belong to”
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HEB 11 14 xwa4 πατρίδα 1 a homeland Alternate translation: “a country for them to belong to”
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HEB 11 16 ea1a ἐπουρανίου 1 heavenly one Alternate translation: “a heavenly country” or “a country in heaven”
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HEB 11 16 ea1a ἐπουρανίου 1 heavenly one Alternate translation: “a heavenly country” or “a country in heaven”
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HEB 11 16 cvh1 figs-activepassive οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, Θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν 1 God is not ashamed to be called their God You can express this in active form. Alternate translation: “God is not ashamed that they call him their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 11 16 cvh1 figs-activepassive οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, Θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν 1 God is not ashamed to be called their God You can express this in active form. Alternate translation: “God is not ashamed that they call him their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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