From 8a09e281b365d99782ae775d7d8c186919080ecd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Stephen Wunrow Date: Sun, 28 May 2023 04:06:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Merge stephenwunrow-tc-create-1 into master by stephenwunrow (#3279) --- tn_MAT.tsv | 122 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 88 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) diff --git a/tn_MAT.tsv b/tn_MAT.tsv index 8680c4a49a..87e0b7bc2b 100644 --- a/tn_MAT.tsv +++ b/tn_MAT.tsv @@ -2686,13 +2686,13 @@ front:intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew\n\n## Part 1: Gene 15:39 j06u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐνέβη 1 Here Matthew implies that the disciples were traveling with Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Jesus and his disciples got” 15:39 eku7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἦλθεν 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of **went**. Alternate translation: “came” 15:39 m8dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Μαγαδάν 1 The word **Magadan** could be the name of: (1) a small village. Alternate translation: “of the village of Magadan” (2) a district or area. Alternate translation: “of the district of Magadan” -16:intro za2k 0 # Matthew 16 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Yeast\n\nJesus spoke of the way people thought about God as if it were bread, and he spoke of what people taught about God as if it were the yeast that makes bread dough become larger and the baked bread taste good. He did not want his followers to listen to what the Pharisees and Sadducees taught. This was because if they did listen, they would not understand who God is and how he wants his people to live. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nJesus told his people to obey his commands. He did this by telling them to “follow” him. It is as if he were walking on a path and they were walking after him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Background information\n\nMatthew continues his account from chapter 15 in verses 1-20. The account stops in verse 21 so that Matthew can tell the reader that Jesus told his disciples again and again that people would kill him after he arrived in Jerusalem. Then the account continues in verses 22-27 with what happened the first time Jesus told the disciples that he would die.\n\n### Paradox\n\nA paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, “Whoever wants to save his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it” ([Matthew 16:25](../mat/16/25.md)).\n\n### Verses 2b–3\n\n\n!!!Go back and do 16:2–3 +16:intro za2k 0 # Matthew 16 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n7. Further opposition to Jesus and misunderstanding of the kingdom of God (13:53-17:57)\n * The Pharisees and Sadducees test Jesus (16:1–4)\n * The yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees (16:5–12)\n * Who Jesus really is (16:13–20)\n * What Jesus and his disciples must do (16:21–28)\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### The sign of Jonah\n\nIn [16:4](../16/04.md), Jesus briefly refers to “the sign of Jonah.” He has already discussed this sign in more detail in [12:39–41](../12/39.md). See the introduction to chapter 12 for more information. Express the idea here as you did there. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/names/jonah]])\n\n### Peter, “this rock,” and the keys of the kingdom\n\nIn [16:18–19](../16/18.md), Jesus tells Peter that he is a rock on which the church will be built and that he has been given the keys to the kingdom of the heavens. It is clear is that Peter is very important for God’s kingdom. However, Christians debate in what way Peter is important. Some think that Peter is primarily important because of what he confessed about Jesus. Others think that Peter and his successors have authority over the church. Others think that Peter himself had authority over the early church but that he did not have any successors. If possible, express the idea in a general way but so that it is clear that Peter supports the church and has some kind of authority. \n\n### The coming of the Son of Man\n\nIn [16:27–28](../16/27.md), Jesus twice refers to how he, the Son of Man, will “come.” The first time (in [16:27](../16/27.md)), Jesus speaks about coming in glory with his angels. In this case, he is almost certainly referring to his second coming, when he will punish or reward everyone for what they have done. \n\nThe second time he refers to his “coming” (in [16:28](../16/28.md)), Jesus speaks about coming “in his kingdom.” Christians debate what he could be referring to. It could be: \n\n1. Jesus’ transfiguration, which Matthew narrates in [17:1–8](../17/01.md)\n2. Jesus’ resurrection and enthronement in heaven\n3. the empowerment and growth of the church\n4. the destruction of Jerusalem\n5. Jesus’ second coming\n6. several of these options together\n\nSince Christians have understood this verse in at least these different ways, if possible your translation should allow for all these options. See the notes on [16:28](../16/28.md) for translation options.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### The yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees\n\nIn [16:5–12](../16/05.md), Jesus tells his disciples to guard themselves from the “yeast” of the Pharisees and Sadducees. The disciples misunderstand him and think that he is saying something about bread, which they forgot to bring with them. Jesus reminds them that he is not talking about lack of bread, since he has proved twice that he can multiply food. When he repeats that they should guard themselves from the “yeast” of the Pharisees and Sadducees, the disciples realize that Jesus is speaking figuratively about what the Pharisees and Sadducees teach. Since the disciples misunderstanding “yeast” is an important part of this passage, you should not explain what “yeast” means when Jesus uses the word. However, make sure that it is clear that “yeast” refers to teachings when Matthew explains the metaphor in [16:12](../16/12.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### “This rock” and the name Peter\n\nIn [16:18](../16/18.md), Jesus tells Peter that his name is “Peter.” Jesus does this because he wants to comment on what the name “Peter” means, which is “rock.” After saying the name “Peter,” Jesus says that he will build his church “on this rock,” which refers back to the name “Peter.” Consider how you might naturally explain what the name “Peter” means so that your readers understand what Jesus means when he speaks about “this rock.” You could consider using a footnote or explaining the name in the translation itself. \n\n### The keys of the kingdom\n\nIn [16:19](../16/19.md), Jesus promises that he will give “the keys of the kingdom of the heavens” to Peter. This could mean that Peter will control who enters the kingdom and who does not enter the kingdom. Or, it could mean that Peter has a position of authority within the kingdom. Since Christians debate exactly what the “keys” mean, if possible you should preserve the metaphor or express the idea in a general way. See the notes on the verse for translation options. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Singular and plural forms of “you”\n\nMany of the forms of “you” in this chapter appear in speeches that Jesus gives to the disciples. Because of this, the majority of forms of “you” in this chapter are plural. You should assume forms of “you” are plural unless a note specifies that the form is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])\n\n### Verses 2b–3\n\nSome of the earliest manuscripts do not include anything for [16:2b–3](../16/02.md). Some early manuscripts and many later manuscripts include the following words: “[2b] When it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’ [3] And in early morning, ‘It will be stormy, for the sky is red, being overcast.’ You know to interpret the face of the sky, but the signs of the times you are not able.” Since the earliest manuscripts do not include these words, the ULT includes them in a footnote, and the UST does not include them at all. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT. If it would be helpful, you could put the words in brackets or in a footnote. 16:1 l9h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ 1 Here, the word **And** introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **And** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then,” 16:1 syka rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal προσελθόντες & πειράζοντες 1 Here, the word **testing** introduces the purpose for which the Pharisees and Sadducees **approached** Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a purpose. Alternate translation: “having approached with the goal of testing him” 16:1 t7p5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτοῖς 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “asked him, ’Show us a sign from heaven!’” 16:1 vs9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 The implication is that the Pharisees and Sadducees wanted Jesus to do a miracle to prove that his authority came from God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “a sign from heaven that proved that his authority was from God” 16:1 eukn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 Here, the phrase **from heaven** indicates that the **sign** originates in **heaven**, where God rules. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “from heaven, where God rules” or “that comes from the place where God is” -16:2-3 ubk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants 0 See the discussion of textual issues at the end of the General Notes to this chapter to decide whether to include [16:2b–3](../16/02.md) in your translation. The notes below discuss translation issues in the verse, for those who decide to include it. +16:2-3 ubk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants 0 See the discussion of textual issues at the end of the General Notes to this chapter to decide whether to include [16:2b–3](../16/02.md) in your translation. 16:4 jl3e γενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ, καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ, εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ 1 What Jesus says here is identical to what he said in [12:39](../12/39.md) except for the phrase “the prophet” before the name **Jonah**. Translate this sentence as you did in [12:39](../12/39.md). 16:4 fhx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοὺς 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the Pharisees and Sadducees who had asked for a sign (see [16:1](../16/01.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to these people more directly. Alternate translation: “the people who asked him for a sign” or “those Pharisees and Sadducees” 16:4 d9eq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπῆλθεν 1 Here Matthew implies that the disciples were traveling with Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Jesus and his disciples went away” @@ -2749,11 +2749,13 @@ front:intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew\n\n## Part 1: Gene 16:14 v7kl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj οἱ μὲν & ἄλλοι & ἕτεροι 1 The disciples are using the adjectives **Some**, **some**, and **others** as nouns to mean various groups of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: “Some among the people … some among the people … others among the people” 16:14 c9iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἕνα τῶν προφητῶν 1 Here the disciples are not excluding **John the Baptist**, **Elijah**, or **Jeremiah** from the group of **the prophets**. Instead, they are referring the many other **prophets** that God had sent. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “another one of the prophets” 16:15 cgiz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Matthew uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “He said” +16:16 ns0y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular σὺ 1 Since Peter is talking to Jesus, the word **You** here is singular. 16:16 n5wi rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος 1 **Son** is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship with God the Father. 16:16 r1h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος 1 Here, the phrase **the living God** identifies God as the one who “lives.” The primary point is that God actually “lives,” unlike idols and other things that people call “god.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that emphasizes that God really “lives.” Alternate translation: “of the God who lives” or “of the true God” 16:17 sash rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then” 16:17 yh0s rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result μακάριος εἶ, Σίμων Βαριωνᾶ, ὅτι σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα οὐκ ἀπεκάλυψέν σοι, ἀλλ’ ὁ Πατήρ μου, ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses since the last clauses gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in the heavens, you are blessed, Simon Bar Jonah” 16:17 zm55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive μακάριος εἶ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “God will bless you” +16:17 npe1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular εἶ & σοι 1 Since Jesus is talking to Peter, the word **you** throughout this verse is singular. 16:17 le6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate Σίμων Βαριωνᾶ 1 **Bar** is a word borrowed from Aramaic. You will need to decide if you will also borrow this word into your language or if you will translate the meaning. Either approach has broad support. If you borrow the word, you could spell it the way it sounds in your language and then put the translation in a footnote. Alternative translation: “Simon son of Jonah”\n 16:17 gxjb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Βαριωνᾶ 1 The word **Jonah** is the name of a man. 16:17 g8s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα οὐκ ἀπεκάλυψέν σοι, ἀλλ’ ὁ Πατήρ μου, ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 If your language would not naturally put the negative statement before the positive statement, you could reverse the two clauses here. Alternate translation: “my Father in the heavens revealed this to you, not flesh and blood” @@ -2763,12 +2765,14 @@ front:intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew\n\n## Part 1: Gene 16:17 gi3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples ὁ Πατήρ μου 1 **Father** is an important title that describe the relationship between God the **Father** and Jesus his Son. 16:17 a3e5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 Here, the phrase **in the heavens** identifies the location in which God the Father is specially present and from which he rules. If it would be helpful in your language, you make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “who is in the heavens” 16:18 dx2v κἀγὼ & σοι λέγω 1 Jesus uses the clause **I also say to you** this to emphasize what he is telling the Peter. Use a natural form in your language for emphasizing the truth and importance of a statement. Alternate translation: “I also want you to know” +16:18 wbzd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular σοι & σὺ 1 Since Jesus is talking to Peter, the word **you** throughout this verse is singular. 16:18 z897 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit σὺ εἶ Πέτρος 1 The name **Peter** means “rock.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “you have the name Peter, which means ‘rock’” 16:18 c7rr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ 1 Here Jesus could be referring to **this rock** in order to: (1) describe **Peter**, whose name means “rock,” as solid foundation, a **rock**, for the church. Alternate translation: “upon you, who are like a rock,” or “upon you” (2) refer to what Peter said about Jesus (that he is the Christ) as a solid foundation or **rock** for the church. Alternate translation: “upon your confession, which is like a rock,” or “upon your confession” 16:18 x43d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν ἐκκλησίαν 1 Jesus here speaks as if his **church** were a building that someone could **build**. With this metaphor, he refers to making the **church** become stronger and more mature, just like the one who builds a house makes it strong and complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use simile form or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will strengthen my church as if I were building it” or “I will make my church strong” 16:18 vu9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πύλαι ᾍδου 1 Here, Jesus could be referring to **the gates of Hades** in order to: (1) speak about how, when people enter through **the gates of Hades**, they die. Alternate translation: “death” or “the power of death” (2) speak about evil powers that come out through **the gates of Hades**. Alternate translation: “the powers of hell” or “evil powers” 16:18 l98f rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτῆς 1 The pronoun **it** refers to **my church**. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer more directly to the church. Alternate translation: “my church” 16:19 pp5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor δώσω σοι τὰς κλεῖδας τῆς Βασιλείας τῶν Οὐρανῶν 1 Here Jesus speaks of giving authority to Peter as if he were giving him **the keys of the kingdom of the heavens**. Christians debate what kind of authority this is, so if possible, you should preserve the metaphor or simply refer to some kind of authority. Alternate translation: “I will give to you the keys of the kingdom of the heavens so that you have authority” or “I will give you authority in the kingdom of the heavens” +16:19 dlca rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular σοι & δήσῃς & λύσῃς 1 Since Jesus is talking to Peter, the word **you** throughout this verse is singular. 16:19 k09j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὰς κλεῖδας τῆς Βασιλείας 1 The word **keys** refers to tools that are used to lock and unlock things, especially doors and gates. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of tool, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the tools for locking and unlocking the kingdom” or “the openers for the kingdom”\n 16:19 dy4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ 1 Here, the word **and** introduces how Peter will exercise the authority that Jesus will give to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a result or goal. Alternate translation: “so that” 16:19 ef9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὃ ἐὰν δήσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται δεδεμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 Here Jesus speaks of decisions that Peter and God make as if they were binding something. These decisions are specifically about requiring or enforcing something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Since Jesus uses very general language, your translation should also be very general. Alternate translation: “whatever you require on the earth will have been required in the heavens” or “whatever you enforce on the earth will have been enforced in the heavens” @@ -2776,38 +2780,88 @@ front:intro sa9c 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Matthew\n\n## Part 1: Gene 16:19 kc3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὃ ἐὰν λύσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται λελυμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 Here Jesus speaks of decisions that Peter and God make as if they were binding something. These decisions are specifically about allowing or abrogating something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Since Jesus uses very general language, your translation should also be very general. Alternate translation: “whatever you allow on the earth will have been allowed in the heavens” or “whatever you annul on the earth will have been annulled in the heavens” 16:20 s024 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations τοῖς μαθηταῖς, ἵνα μηδενὶ εἴπωσιν ὅτι αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “the disciples, ‘Tell no one that I am the Christ’” 16:20 b0bb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations μηδενὶ εἴπωσιν ὅτι αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “they tell no one, ‘He is the Christ’” -16:21 yile rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀπελθεῖν, καὶ πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι 1 Here, everything that Jesus says will happen to him: that he is **to go to Jerusalem**, **to suffer much from the elders and chief priests and scribes**, **to be killed**, **to be raised on the third day**, will happen as he said. Make sure this is clear in your language. Alternate translation: “to go to Jerusalem. Then, to suffer much from the elders and the chief priests and the scribes. Then to be killed, and afterwards, to be raised on the third day” -16:21 es1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐγερθῆναι 1 Here, **to be raised** is an idiom that means that God made Jesus alive again after he died. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to be brought back to life” -16:21 r5hj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Matthew implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: “God will raise me on the third day” -16:21 jjx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “on day three” -16:22 guz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἵλεώς σοι 1 **Merciful to you** is an idiom that means “May God be merciful to you.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “May God be merciful to you” -16:23 f28i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου, Σατανᾶ! σκάνδαλον εἶ ἐμοῦ 1 Here, Jesus calls Peter **Satan**. This is because Peter is behaving as Satan behaved by trying to get Jesus not to obey God. He also calls him a **stumbling block**, which is a rock which someone might trip over. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You are acting like Satan! Get out of my sight! You are like a stumbling block to me, trying to get me to disobey God” -16:24 t0zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun εἴ τις θέλει 1 The word **anyone** represents people in general, not one particular person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “If a person wants” -16:24 ck1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν 1 Here, **to come after me** is an idiom that means to be Jesus’ disciple. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to be my disciple” -16:24 pg9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ 1 The **cross** here represents suffering and death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “be willing to suffer and die for my sake” -16:25 tp9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ 1 By using the word **whoever**, Jesus is speaking of people in general, not of one particular person. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “For any person who desires” -16:25 y9kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism ἀπολέσει αὐτήν 1 Here, **lose** it is a polite way to say that God will judge the person who tries to save their own soul. If it would be helpful in your language, use a different polite way of referring to this or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “will forfeit his life” -16:25 xz98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor εὑρήσει αὐτήν 1 Here, **find it** means to obtain life with God forever. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will live with God forever” -16:26 eqe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί γὰρ ὠφεληθήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ἐὰν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον κερδήσῃ, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ζημιωθῇ? 1 Jesus is using the question form to challenge his disciples. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Even if a person gains the whole world, it will not profit him if he forfeits his soul” -16:26 g0xo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπος 1 Jesus is using the phrase a man here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “a person” -16:26 q7x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole ἐὰν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον κερδήσῃ 1 The phrase the whole world is an exaggeration meaning that the person might gain great riches and fame. Alternate translation: “if he gains everything he desires” -16:26 eck5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ἢ τί δώσει ἄνθρωπος ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ? 1 Jesus asks this question to emphasize the value of the soul of each person. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “There is nothing a person can give in exchange for his life” or “No one can give anything in exchange for his life” -16:27 iyu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person μέλλει & ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου & αὐτοῦ & ἀποδώσει 1 Here Jesus refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of man, am about … my … I will repay” -16:27 vk5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ 1 **Father** is an important title that describes the relationship between Jesus and God. Be sure to retain this title in your translation. -16:28 k2d1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you ὑμῖν 1 Here, **you** is plural and refers to the disciples. -16:28 wq13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου 1 The phrase **taste death** is an idiom which means to experience death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning using plain language. Alternate translation: “will certainly not die” -16:28 p1d4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns οἵτινες οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of death, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun death by using the verb form. Alternate translation: “who may certainly not die” -16:28 b2pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἕως ἂν ἴδωσιν τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐρχόμενον ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus is using the term **coming in his kingdom** to mean when Jesus will come to rule over his people forever. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “until they see the Son of Man coming to rule over his people” -16:28 etk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 See how you translated **the Son of Man** in the previous verse. -17:intro yb4k 0 # Matthew 17 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Elijah\n\nThe Old Testament prophet Malachi lived many years before Jesus was born. Malachi had said that before the Messiah came a prophet named Elijah would return. Jesus explained that Malachi had been talking about John the Baptist. Jesus said this because John the Baptist had done what Malachi had said that Elijah would do. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])\n\n### “transfigured”\n\nScripture often speaks of God’s glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Matthew says in this chapter that Jesus’ body shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God’s Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]]) -17:1 u6dw rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential καὶ μεθ’ ἡμέρας ἓξ 1 The phrase translated **And six days later** indicates that this event happened after the previous event that the story described. Alternate translation: “And six days after these things happen” -17:2 kq4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive μετεμορφώθη 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God changed how he looked” -17:2 uxg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν 1 Here, **before them** is an idiom that means in front of them. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in front of them” -17:2 i1mp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ἔλαμψεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος, τὰ δὲ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο λευκὰ ὡς τὸ φῶς 1 The phrases **his face shone like the sun** and **his garments became brilliant as the light** are similes describing Jesus’ appearance when it changed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his face shone very brightly, and his garments were very bright” -17:4 r41c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive Κύριε, καλόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι 1 By **us** Peter means himself and the other two disciples but not Jesus, so use the exclusive form of that word in your translation if your language marks that distinction. -17:4 d231 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown σκηνάς 1 Here, **shelters** are temporary places where people live. These are not full houses. Your language and culture may have a term for this that you can use in your translation. -17:5 an8j ἐπεσκίασεν αὐτούς 1 Here, **overshadowed** could mean: (1) that the light from the cloud made them invisible to people not on the mountain. Alternate translation: “blocked people’s view of them” (2) the cloud descended so that they themselves were inside the cloud. Alternate translation: “enveloped them” -17:5 kc8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy φωνὴ ἐκ τῆς νεφέλης 1 Matthew is using the term **voice** to mean sounds from God himself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God spoke from the cloud” +16:21 yile rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ ὅτι δεῖ αὐτὸν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἀπελθεῖν, καὶ πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “to his disciples, saying, ‘It is necessary for me to go to Jerusalem and to suffer much from the elders and chief priests and scribes and to be killed and to be raised on the third day’” +16:21 so7o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἀποκτανθῆναι 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that **the elders and chief priests and scribes** would order someone to do it. Alternate translation: “to die” or “for them to put him to death” +16:21 es1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐγερθῆναι 1 Here, the word **raised** refers to someone who died coming back to life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable word or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to be restored to life” +16:21 r5hj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐγερθῆναι 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, Matthew could be implying that: (1) God did it. Alternate translation: “to have God raise him” or “for God to raise him” (2) Jesus himself did it. Alternate translation: “to raise himself” +16:21 q0c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 Here, the phrase **on the third day** refers to the day after tomorrow. People in Jesus’ culture counted the current day as the first day, tomorrow as the second day, and the day after tomorrow as **the third day**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to the day after tomorrow. Alternate translation: “on the day after the next day” or “two days later” +16:21 jjx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “on day three”\n +16:22 olky rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγων 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said” +16:22 guz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἵλεώς σοι 1 Here, the phrase **Merciful to you** could mean: (1) that Jesus should not be thinking about or talking about what he has predicted will happen. Alternate translation: “Far be it from you” or “Stop saying those things” (2) that he believes that God will mercifully protect Jesus from what Jesus has predicted will happen. Alternate translation: “God will have mercy on you” or “May God be merciful to you” +16:22 jpoi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular σοι -1 Since Peter is talking to Jesus, the word **you** throughout this verse is singular. +16:22 qx41 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns τοῦτο 1 The pronoun **this** refers to the things that Jesus had just spoken about what would happen to him. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to those things more directly. Alternate translation: “those things” or “what you have said” +16:22 tck2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐ μὴ 1 The words translated **certainly not** are two negative words. In this construction, the second negative does not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, it gives greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use two negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in that way, you could translate with one strong negative, as the ULT does. Alternate translation: “by no means” +16:23 qsof rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “After that” +16:23 sfjd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit στραφεὶς 1 Here Matthew could be implying that Jesus **turned**: (1) to face Peter. Alternate translation: “having turned toward Peter” (2) away from Peter. Alternate translation: “having turned away from Peter” +16:23 h99i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου 1 Here Jesus speaks as if he wants Peter to **Get behind** him. He means that Peter should not rebuke him but should instead accept what Jesus says. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not stand in my way” or “Do not rebuke me” +16:23 f28i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Σατανᾶ 1 Here Jesus calls Peter **Satan** because Peter is asking like **Satan** by tempting Jesus to disobey God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use simile form or explain the metaphor. Alternate translation: “you who are acting like Satan” or “for you are tempting me as Satan does” +16:23 b9y0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result σκάνδαλον εἶ ἐμοῦ, ὅτι οὐ φρονεῖς τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Because you are not considering the things of God, but the things of men, you are a stumbling block to me” +16:23 asig rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σκάνδαλον εἶ ἐμοῦ 1 Here, Jesus speaks of someone who tempts others to sin as if that person were a **stumbling block**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You are tempting me to sin” +16:23 cro2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular εἶ & οὐ φρονεῖς 1 Since Jesus is talking to Peter, the words **You** and **you** are singular. +16:23 z28c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure οὐ φρονεῖς τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων 1 If your language would not naturally put the negative statement before the positive statement, you could reverse the two clauses here. Alternate translation: “you are considering the things of men, not the things of God” +16:23 svgz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἀλλὰ τὰ 1 Jesus is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but you are considering the things” +16:23 y3s2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations τῶν ἀνθρώπων 1 Although the term **men** is masculine, Jesus is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “of human beings” or “of people” +16:24 t0zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical εἴ τις θέλει 1 Here Jesus uses the conditional form to refer to **anyone** who **wants to come after** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use whatever form naturally introduces anyone who wants to follow Jesus. Alternate translation: “Anyone who wants” or “When someone wants” +16:24 ck1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν 1 Here, the phrase **come after me** refers to traveling with Jesus and being his disciples. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to be my disciples” or “to travel with me as my students”\n +16:24 m9a5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative3p ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν, καὶ ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι 1 If your language does not use the third-person imperative in this way, you could state this in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he should deny himself and take up his cross and follow me” +16:24 r13i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν & αὐτοῦ 1 Although the terms **him**, **himself**, and **his** are masculine, Jesus is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “let that person deny himself or herself … his or her” +16:24 rclq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν 1 Here, the phrase **deny himself** refers to a person choosing not to do what they would naturally do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “let him exercise self-control” or “choose not to do what he naturally desires” +16:24 m44z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus assumes that the disciples will know that the Romans executed some criminals by nailing them to a wooden beam with crossbar that was set upright so that the criminals would slowly suffocate. Jesus also assumes that the disciples will know that the Romans made these criminals carry these wooden crosses through the streets to the place where they were going to be executed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make some of this information more explicit. Alternate translation: “take up the wooden cross on which he will be executed” +16:24 pg9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus speaks of taking up a **cross** in order to describe people who are ready and willing to suffer and even die because they follow Jesus. Because this figure of speech is connected to how Jesus himself died on a **cross**, if possible you should preserve the metaphor or express the idea in simile form. See how you translated the similar expression in [10:38](../10/38.md). Alternate translation: “be ready to suffer, which is like taking up his cross,” or “take up his cross, ready to suffer or die,”\n +16:25 guln rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a basis for what Jesus said in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for a claim, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “I say that because” or “In fact,” +16:25 tp9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὃς & ἐὰν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι, ἀπολέσει αὐτήν; ὃς δ’ ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ, εὑρήσει αὐτήν. 1 Here Jesus speaks of how people’s attitudes toward their current lives affects their eternal lives after they resurrect. He means that those who want **to save** their current lives will lose their eternal, resurrection lives, and that those who have lost their current lives will find their eternal, resurrection lives. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. See how you translated the similar ideas in [10:39](../10/39.md). Alternate translation: “whoever wants to save his current life will lose it forever, but whoever loses his current life for my sake will find it forever” +16:25 y9kc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι, ἀπολέσει αὐτήν 1 Here Jesus speaks of trying to preserve one’s **life** as if it were saving it. He speaks of dying as if it were losing one’s **life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar clause in [10:39](../10/39.md). Alternate translation: “wants to preserve his life will die” +16:25 gcf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations αὐτοῦ -1 Although the term **his** is masculine, Jesus is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “his or her … his or her” +16:25 xz98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὃς δ’ ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ, εὑρήσει αὐτήν 1 Here Jesus speaks of dying or being willing to die as losing one’s **life**. He speaks of experiencing eternal life as if it were finding one’s **life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar clause in [10:39](../10/39.md). Alternate translation: “but whoever has died for my sake will have eternal life” +16:25 a8lh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ 1 When Jesus says **for my sake**, he means that some people will lose their lives because they are his disciples. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “because he is my disciple” or “because he believes in me” +16:26 m6jl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces another basis for what Jesus said in [16:24](../16/24.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for a claim, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Another reason I say that is because” or “Even further,” +16:26 eqe8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί & ὠφεληθήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ἐὰν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον κερδήσῃ, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ζημιωθῇ? 1 Jesus is using the question form to teach his disciples. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “a man will benefit nothing if he gains the whole world but forfeits his soul.” or “a man will never benefit anything if he gains the whole world but forfeits his soul!” +16:26 o8a9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo τί & ὠφεληθήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ἐὰν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον κερδήσῃ, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ζημιωθῇ 1 Here Jesus uses an imaginary situation to show that forfeiting one’s **soul** is bad enough that gaining anything else cannot make up for it. Use a natural method in your language for introducing an imaginary situation. Alternate translation: “image a man who gained the whole world but forfeited his soul. What will that man benefit” +16:26 g0xo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπος & κερδήσῃ & αὐτοῦ & ἄνθρωπος & αὐτοῦ 1 Although the terms **man**, **he** ,and **his** are masculine, Jesus is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “a person … he or she gains … his or her … a person … his or her” +16:26 q7x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases ἢ 1 Here, the word **Or** introduces a second question that again emphasizes how important a person’s **soul** is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a similar idea, or you could leave **Or** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Again,” or “Even further,” +16:26 eck5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ἢ τί δώσει ἄνθρωπος ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ? 1 Jesus is using the question form to teach his disciples. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “a man can give nothing in exchange for his soul.” or “a man cannot give anything in exchange for his soul!” +16:26 ot67 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus could be implying: (1) that there is nothing that is worth as much as a person’s **soul**. Alternate translation: “that is as worth as much as his soul” (2) that there is nothing that is valuable enough to redeem one’s **soul** when it has been forfeited. Alternate translation: “that can buy back his soul” +16:27 bytb rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a basis for what Jesus has said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for a claim, or you could leave **For** untranslated. More specifically, the word **For** could introduce the basis for: (1) what Jesus said in [16:26](../16/26.md) about how nothing is as valuable as a person’s soul. Alternate translation: “You should be thinking about your soul because” (2) what Jesus has said in [16:24–26](../16/24.md). Alternate translation: “I have said all those things because” +16:27 iyu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person μέλλει & ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου & αὐτοῦ & αὐτοῦ & ἀποδώσει 1 Here Jesus speaks about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “I, who am the Son of Man, am about … my … my … I will repay” +16:27 qstb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 The title **Son of Man** is equivalent to “Messiah.” Jesus uses the phrase to claim that role subtly and implicitly. You may want to translate this title directly into your language. On the other hand, if you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could state what it means. Alternate translation: “the Messiah” +16:27 n1ef rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μέλλει & ἔρχεσθαι 1 Here Jesus implies that he, **the Son of Man**, will **come** back to this world at some point in the future. He is also implying that he will leave this world before he comes back. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make some or all of those ideas more explicit. Alternate translation: “is about to come back to this world” or “will leave this world, but he is about to come back” +16:27 t2ho rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἐν τῇ δόξῃ τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **glory**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in a way that his Father has made glorious along” or “as one who is as great as his Father” +16:27 vk5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ 1 **Father** is an important title that describe the relationship between God the **Father** and Jesus his Son. +16:27 ebpa rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns τῶν ἀγγέλων αὐτοῦ 1 The pronoun **his** could refer to: (1) **the Son of Man**. Alternate translation: “the angels of the Son of Man” (2) the **Father**. Alternate translation: “his Father’s angels” +16:27 q9g3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἀποδώσει 1 The pronoun **he** refers to **the Son of Man**. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “the Son of Man will repay” +16:27 bpbe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀποδώσει 1 Here Jesus uses **repay** to refer to appropriately punishing or rewarding someone as if the punishment or reward was payment for that person’s deeds. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will decide how to treat people,” +16:27 g0ko rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τὴν πρᾶξιν αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **action**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the things he did” +16:27 brrt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations αὐτοῦ 3 Although the term **his** is masculine, Jesus is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “his or her” +16:28 k2d1 ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Jesus says this to emphasize what he is about to tell his disciples. Use a natural form in your language for emphasizing the truth and importance of a statement. Alternate translation: “I can assure you” +16:28 wq13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου 1 Here Jesus speaks as if **death** were food that people could **taste**. Those who **taste death** truly experience **death** as much as a person who eats food truly experiences that food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will certainly not experience death” or “will certainly not participate in death” +16:28 p1d4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **death**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “will certainly not die” +16:28 gfwc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐ μὴ 1 The words translated **certainly not** are two negative words. In this construction, the second negative does not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, it gives greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use two negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in that way, you could translate with one strong negative, as the ULT does. Alternate translation: “by no means” +16:28 etk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐρχόμενον ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus speaks about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the first person. Alternate translation: “I, who am the Son of Man, coming in my kingdom” +16:28 b2pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 The title **Son of Man** is equivalent to “Messiah.” Jesus uses the phrase to claim that role subtly and implicitly. You may want to translate this title directly into your language. On the other hand, if you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could state what it means. Alternate translation: “the Messiah” +16:28 txjv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo ἐρχόμενον ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Christians debate what the phrase **coming in his kingdom** means. It could refer to one or several of the following events: Jesus’ transfiguration (see [17:1–8](../17/01.md)), Jesus’ resurrection and enthronement in heaven, the empowerment and growth of the church, the destruction of Jerusalem, and Jesus’ final return. If possible, express the idea in such a way that most or all of these interpretations are possible. Alternate translation: “acting as king in his kingdom” or “taking charge of his kingdom” +17:intro yb4k 0 # Matthew 17 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n7. Further opposition to Jesus and misunderstanding of the kingdom of God (13:53-17:57)\n * \n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Elijah\n\nThe Old Testament prophet Malachi lived many years before Jesus was born. Malachi had said that before the Messiah came a prophet named Elijah would return. Jesus explained that Malachi had been talking about John the Baptist. Jesus said this because John the Baptist had done what Malachi had said that Elijah would do. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])\n\n### “transfigured”\n\nScripture often speaks of God’s glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Matthew says in this chapter that Jesus’ body shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God’s Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]])\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n +17:1 u6dw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ μεθ’ ἡμέρας ἓξ 1 Here, the phrase **And after six days** introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event. Alternate translation: “Then, after six days had passed,” or “Six days after those things happened,” +17:1 x4sj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense παραλαμβάνει & ἀναφέρει αὐτοὺς 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Matthew uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “took along … brought them up” +17:1 f2yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Matthew never says whether **James** or **John** was older, but he mentions **James** first, which could imply that he was the older brother. If you have to use a form that refers to an older or younger brother, you could state that **John** was younger. Alternate translation: “his younger brother” +17:2 lvdq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown μετεμορφώθη 1 The word **transfigured** means to be changed in appearance or form. If your readers would not be familiar with the meaning of this word, you could express the idea with a short phrase. Alternate translation: “his appearance was changed” or “he began to look different” +17:2 kq4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive μετεμορφώθη 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Matthew could be implying that: (1) Jesus did the action. Alternate translation: “he transfigured himself” (2) God did the action. Alternate translation: “God transfigured him” +17:2 uxg3 ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν 1 Alternate translation: “in front of them” or “as they watched” +17:2 i1mp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ἔλαμψεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος 1 Matthew is saying that Jesus’ **face** is like **the sun** because both shine brightly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “his face shone as brightly as the sun does” +17:2 k4co rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile λευκὰ ὡς τὸ φῶς 1 Matthew is saying that how **white** Jesus garments were is like **the light** because both are bright. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “white as the light that shines brightly” +17:3 kpdg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could draw the audience’s attention in another way. Alternate translation: “picture this” or “suddenly” +17:3 d8i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὤφθη αὐτοῖς Μωϋσῆς καὶ Ἠλείας 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they saw Moses and Elijah” +17:3 m6mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit συνλαλοῦντες 1 Here Matthew means that **Moses and Elijah** were **talking with** Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “and the two of them were talking” +17:3 j9zp rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτοῦ 1 The pronoun **him** refers to Jesus. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “Jesus” +17:4 xxfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀποκριθεὶς 1 Here, the word **answering** indicates that Peter was responding to what he saw. He was not answering a question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “in response to seeing those things” +17:4 r41c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς 1 By **we**, Peter could mean: (1) everyone who was there, including himself, the other two disciples, Jesus, Moses, and Elijah. Alternate translation: “for us all” (2) just himself and the other two disciples. Alternate translation: “for us disciples” +17:4 d231 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown σκηνάς 1 The term **tents** means simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep. Peter probably had in mind that he would build them from the materials available on the mountain such as tree branches. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to this kind of temporary shelter. Alternate translation: “booths” +17:5 w8va rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ -1 In both places, the word **behold** draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could draw the audience’s attention in another way. Alternate translation: “picture this … picture this too” or “suddenly … suddenly” +17:5 qxz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit νεφέλη φωτεινὴ -1 Here, a **bright cloud** is one that is white and reflects the light from the sun very strongly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “a shining cloud” or “a very white cloud” +17:5 an8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐπεσκίασεν 1 Here Matthew could be implying that: (1) the cloud enveloped or surrounded them. Alternate translation: “enveloped” or “surrounded” (2) the cloud cast a shadow on them. Alternate translation: “cast a shadow on” +17:5 wwux rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτούς 1 The pronoun **them** could refer to: (1) the three disciples, Jesus, Moses, and Elijah. Alternate translation: “them all” (2) just Jesus, Moses, and Elijah. Alternate translation: “Jesus, Moses, and Elijah” +17:5 kc8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy φωνὴ 1 Matthew is using **voice** to represent the person who is speaking, which is God the Father. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a person speaking” or “God the Father spoke” +17:5 jduw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγουσα 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and it said” +17:5 cbiu οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Υἱός μου, ὁ ἀγαπητός ἐν ᾧ εὐδόκησα 1 See how you translated the identical sentence in [3:17](../03/17.md). 17:6 wd76 καὶ ἀκούσαντες, οἱ μαθηταὶ 1 Alternate translation: “And when the disciples heard God speak, they” 17:6 a87e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἔπεσαν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτῶν 1 Here, **fell on their face** is an idiom that means that the three disciples fell down with their faces to the ground. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “fell down with their faces to the ground” 17:7 iw4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἁψάμενος αὐτῶν εἶπεν, ἐγέρθητε καὶ μὴ φοβεῖσθε 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “having touched them, he told them to get up and to not be afraid”