Fix format errors that TX found (#1381)

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Larry Sallee 2020-05-06 13:44:14 +00:00 committed by Gogs
parent c5d220a24e
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18 changed files with 5796 additions and 5786 deletions

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@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ NUM 8 24 ygl7 0 All of this is for the Levites “All of these commandments ar
NUM 8 24 q65x translate-numbers 0 twenty-five years old “25 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NUM 8 24 l8m6 0 must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
NUM 8 25 hw8k translate-numbers 0 at the age of fifty years “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
NUM 9 intro p8ra 0 # Numbers 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Passover ==<br><br>This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br>
NUM 9 intro p8ra 0 # Numbers 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Passover ==<br><br>This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])
NUM 9 1 zi29 translate-ordinal 0 in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NUM 9 1 w91f translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
NUM 9 1 ku29 figs-idiom 0 after they came out from the land of Egypt Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
606 NUM 8 24 q65x translate-numbers 0 twenty-five years old “25 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
607 NUM 8 24 l8m6 0 must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
608 NUM 8 25 hw8k translate-numbers 0 at the age of fifty years “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
609 NUM 9 intro p8ra 0 # Numbers 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Passover ==<br><br>This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br> # Numbers 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Passover ==<br><br>This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])
610 NUM 9 1 zi29 translate-ordinal 0 in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
611 NUM 9 1 w91f translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
612 NUM 9 1 ku29 figs-idiom 0 after they came out from the land of Egypt Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ RUT 1 16 b518 figs-explicit עַמֵּ֣⁠ךְ עַמִּ֔⁠י 1 your people
RUT 1 17 lql7 figs-idiom בַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּמ֨וּתִי֙ אָמ֔וּת 1 Where you die, I will die This refers to Ruths desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same place and town as Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 1 17 sje3 figs-idiom יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה יְהוָ֥ה לִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠כֹ֣ה יֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י 1 May Yahweh do thus to me, and and thus may he add This is an idiom that Ruth uses to show that she is very committed to doing what she says. She is making a curse on herself, asking God to punish her if she does not do what she has said. Use the form that your language uses to do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 1 17 abc2 כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּ֔וֶת יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ 1 if death separates between me and between you ***If anything other than death separates us from each other*** or ***if I leave you while you and I are both still alive***
RUT 1 17 ab05 figs-idiom יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ 1 separates between me and between you This is an idiom that refers to the space between two people. Alternate translation: “separates the two of us” or “comes between us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 1 17 ab05 figs-idiom יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ 1 separates between me and between you This is an idiom that refers to the space between two people. Alternate translation: “separates the two of us” or “comes between us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 1 18 rsq2 וַ⁠תֶּחְדַּ֖ל לְ⁠דַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽי⁠הָ 1 she refrained from speaking to her ***Naomi stopped arguing with Ruth***
RUT 1 19 j9wa writing-newevent וַ⁠יְהִ֗י 1 So the two of them traveled until they came to Bethlehem This sentence introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
RUT 1 19 jdr1 grammar-connect-time-background כְּ⁠בֹאָ֨⁠נָה֙ בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם 1 when they came to Bethlehem This is a background clause, explaining that the new event took place after Naomi had returned to Bethlehem with Ruth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ RUT 2 2 am6a ר֨וּת הַ⁠מּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה 1 Ruth, the Moabite w
RUT 2 2 c7rk הַ⁠מּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה 1 the Moabite woman This is another way of saying that the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab.
RUT 2 2 qt4q וַ⁠אֲלַקֳטָּ֣ה בַ⁠שִׁבֳּלִ֔ים 1 and glean heads of grain ***and gather heads of grain left behind by the harvesters*** or ***and pick up heads of grain left behind by the harvesters***
RUT 2 2 j59b figs-idiom אֶמְצָא־חֵ֖ן בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 In whose eyes I find favor The phrase **in whose eyes I will find favor** is an idiom which means “whoever will approve of me.” Ruth speaks of gaining someones favor as gaining permission or approval. Alternate translation: “who will be kind to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 2 2 abc5 figs-metaphor בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 in whose eyes The **eyes** are a metonym that represents seeing, and seeing is a metaphor for knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Alternate translation: “who will decide [to be kind to me]” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
RUT 2 2 abc5 figs-metaphor בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 in whose eyes The **eyes** are a metonym that represents seeing, and seeing is a metaphor for knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Alternate translation: “who will decide [to be kind to me]” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
RUT 2 2 ed93 בִתִּֽ⁠י 1 my daughter Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother, and Naomi addressed Ruth affectionately as her daughter. If this is confusing in your language, use the term that would indicate this kind of close relationship between two women in your language.
RUT 2 3 ht73 וַ⁠יִּ֣קֶר מִקְרֶ֔⁠הָ 1 by chance This means that Ruth was not aware that the field that she picked to glean in belonged to Naomis relative Boaz.
RUT 2 3 ab11 מִ⁠מִּשְׁפַּ֥חַת אֱלִימֶֽלֶךְ 1 from the clan of Elimelek The use of the term ***clan*** here means that Boaz was related to Elimelek but did not have the same parents as Elimelek. The text is not saying that the clan was named after Elimelek or that Elimelek was the patriarch or leader of the clan.
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ RUT 2 21 k2lz גַּ֣ם׀ כִּי־אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֗⁠י 1 In addition
RUT 2 21 g585 עִם־הַ⁠נְּעָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לִ⁠י֙ תִּדְבָּקִ֔י⁠ן 1 You should keep close by the servants who belong to me Boaz was expressing confidence that his workers would not harm Ruth.
RUT 2 22 f2tw תֵֽצְאִי֙ עִם 1 you go out with ***you work with***
RUT 2 22 bcc4 וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־בָ֖⁠ךְ 1 so that they do not harm you Possible meanings are (1) other workers might abuse Ruth or try to rape her or (2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning while they are harvesting.
RUT 2 22 ab64 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־בָ֖⁠ךְ 1 so that they do not harm you This is the reason why Ruth should continue to work with Boazs servants. If it is more clear in your language to state the reason before the result, you can state this part of the sentence first, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
RUT 2 22 ab64 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־בָ֖⁠ךְ 1 so that they do not harm you This is the reason why Ruth should continue to work with Boazs servants. If it is more clear in your language to state the reason before the result, you can state this part of the sentence first, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
RUT 2 23 e2vq וַ⁠תִּדְבַּ֞ק 1 So she stayed close by Ruth worked in Boazs fields with his workers during the day, so she would be safe.
RUT 2 23 a7qp וַ⁠תֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־חֲמוֹתָֽ⁠הּ 1 She lived with her mother-in-law Ruth went to Naomis home to sleep at night.
RUT 3 intro t4y5 0 # Ruth 03 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Boazs integrity<br><br>Boaz showed great integrity in this chapter by not having sexual relations with Ruth until they were married. He was also concerned with preserving Ruths good reputation. Displaying Boazs good character is an important point in this chapter.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### **So that it may be well with you**<br><br>Naomi wanted Ruth to have a secure home with a good husband who would care for her. She could see that Boaz would be the best husband for her. She also thought that Boaz, as a kinsman-redeemer, had an obligation to marry her. This could be true because, even though Ruth was a Gentile by birth, she had become part of Naomis family and part of the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ RUT 3 2 ms25 זֹרֶ֛ה 1 will be winnowing ***he will be winnowing*** To win
RUT 3 3 ru6z וָ⁠סַ֗כְתְּ 1 and anoint yourself This is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, as a kind of perfume.
RUT 3 3 e92h וְיָרַ֣דְתְּ הַ⁠גֹּ֑רֶן 1 and go down to the threshing floor This refers to leaving the city and going to the open, flat area where workers could thresh and winnow grain.
RUT 3 4 jdr5 figs-imperative וִ⁠יהִ֣י 1 And let it be that ***Then do like this:*** This is a general instruction that introduces the next series of specific instructions that Naomi is about to give to Ruth. Translate this in the way that people would say this in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
RUT 3 4 ab21 grammar-connect-time-background בְ⁠שָׁכְב֗⁠וֹ 1 when he lies down, This is a background clause, explaining when Ruth should watch to see where Boaz sleeps. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
RUT 3 4 ab21 grammar-connect-time-background בְ⁠שָׁכְב֗⁠וֹ 1 when he lies down, This is a background clause, explaining when Ruth should watch to see where Boaz sleeps. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
RUT 3 4 ln1m translate-symaction וְ⁠גִלִּ֥ית מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו 1 and uncover his feet This means to remove the cloak or blanket covering his feet (or legs). Perhaps this action by a woman could be interpreted as a proposal of marriage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
RUT 3 4 ab23 מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו 1 his feet The word used here could refer to his feet or his legs.
RUT 3 4 ab23 מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו 1 his feet The word used here could refer to his feet or his legs.
RUT 3 4 l4we וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּ 1 and lie down ***and lie down there***
RUT 3 4 w1u5 וְ⁠הוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד לָ֔⁠ךְ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעַשִֽׂי⁠ן 1 Then he, himself, will tell you what you should do The specific custom of that time is unclear, but Naomi appears to believe that Boaz will understand Ruths action as a proposal of marriage. Boaz will then either accept or reject her offer.
RUT 3 4 nn4g וְ⁠הוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד 1 Then he, himself, will tell ***When he wakes up, he will tell***
@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ RUT 3 10 cbd3 הָ⁠רִאשׁ֑וֹן 1 at the beginning This refers to the w
RUT 3 10 n84d figs-idiom לְ⁠בִלְתִּי־לֶ֗כֶת אַחֲרֵי֙ 1 by not going after ***because you have not looked for marriage among***. Ruth could have ignored Naomis need and looked for a young and handsome husband for herself outside of Naomis relatives, but she did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 3 11 jdr6 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠עַתָּ֗ה 1 Connecting Statement: This phrase indicates that what came before in verse 10 is the reason for what follows in verse 11. This can be indicated with a word like ***Therefore***. If it is clearer in your language to put the reason after the result, the order would be: Boaz is motivated to perform the role of kinsman-redeemer (verse 11) ***because*** he has seen how much kindness Ruth has shown to Naomi (verse 10). If you choose this order, you will need to combine the verses and the verse numbers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]).
RUT 3 11 ei93 בִּתִּ⁠י֙ 1 my daughter Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman. Use the form of address that would be appropriate in your language.
RUT 3 11 ab08 figs-idiom כָּל־שַׁ֣עַר עַמִּ֔⁠י 1 the whole gate of my people The gate was an area of the city where people gathered to do business, and the leaders met there to make decisions. So this was an idiom meaning “all of the important people in my city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]).
RUT 3 11 ab08 figs-idiom כָּל־שַׁ֣עַר עַמִּ֔⁠י 1 the whole gate of my people The gate was an area of the city where people gathered to do business, and the leaders met there to make decisions. So this was an idiom meaning “all of the important people in my city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]).
RUT 3 11 ab31 אֵ֥שֶׁת חַ֖יִל 1 a woman of worth ***a woman of good character***, ***a good woman***
RUT 3 12 jdr7 וְ⁠עַתָּה֙ 1 Connecting Statement: This phrase indicates that what follows is something else important that Ruth should pay attention to. Alternate translation: “You also need to know that” a contrast between Boazs willingness to marry Ruth and the possibility of another man marrying her instead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
RUT 3 12 ab30 grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠גַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ 1 but there is This phrase indicates a contrast between Boazs willingness to marry Ruth (verse 11) and the possibility of another man marrying her instead (verse 12). Alternate translation: “Even so, there is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]).
RUT 3 12 ab30 grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠גַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ 1 but there is This phrase indicates a contrast between Boazs willingness to marry Ruth (verse 11) and the possibility of another man marrying her instead (verse 12). Alternate translation: “Even so, there is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]).
RUT 3 12 fvq5 גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽ⁠נִּי 1 a kinsman-redeemer…nearer than I It was the duty of the male relative who was closest in family relationship to the man who died to help his widow. See how you translated **kinsman-redeemer** in [2:20](../02/20/zu5f) and make sure that it also makes sense here.
RUT 3 13 gcl8 figs-explicit אִם־יִגְאָלֵ֥⁠ךְ 1 if he will redeem you ***redeem*** here means “marry according to our custom concerning widows.” Boaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruths dead husband would marry her and raise a son to carry on the dead mans family name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
RUT 3 13 tkz9 חַי־יְהוָ֑ה 1 as Yahweh lives ***as surely as Yahweh lives*** or ***by the life of Yahweh***. This was a common Hebrew vow that obligated the speaker to perform what he said. Use the normal phrasing for a vow in your language.

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
50 RUT 1 17 lql7 figs-idiom בַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּמ֨וּתִי֙ אָמ֔וּת 1 Where you die, I will die This refers to Ruth’s desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same place and town as Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
51 RUT 1 17 sje3 figs-idiom יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה יְהוָ֥ה לִ⁠י֙ וְ⁠כֹ֣ה יֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י 1 May Yahweh do thus to me, and and thus may he add This is an idiom that Ruth uses to show that she is very committed to doing what she says. She is making a curse on herself, asking God to punish her if she does not do what she has said. Use the form that your language uses to do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
52 RUT 1 17 abc2 כִּ֣י הַ⁠מָּ֔וֶת יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ 1 if death separates between me and between you ***If anything other than death separates us from each other*** or ***if I leave you while you and I are both still alive***
53 RUT 1 17 ab05 figs-idiom יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ יַפְרִ֖יד בֵּינִ֥⁠י וּ⁠בֵינֵֽ⁠ךְ 1 separates between me and between you This is an idiom that refers to the space between two people. Alternate translation: “separates the two of us” or “comes between us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
54 RUT 1 18 rsq2 וַ⁠תֶּחְדַּ֖ל לְ⁠דַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶֽי⁠הָ 1 she refrained from speaking to her ***Naomi stopped arguing with Ruth***
55 RUT 1 19 j9wa writing-newevent וַ⁠יְהִ֗י 1 So the two of them traveled until they came to Bethlehem This sentence introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
56 RUT 1 19 jdr1 grammar-connect-time-background כְּ⁠בֹאָ֨⁠נָה֙ בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם 1 when they came to Bethlehem This is a background clause, explaining that the new event took place after Naomi had returned to Bethlehem with Ruth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
74 RUT 2 2 c7rk הַ⁠מּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜ה 1 the Moabite woman This is another way of saying that the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab.
75 RUT 2 2 qt4q וַ⁠אֲלַקֳטָּ֣ה בַ⁠שִׁבֳּלִ֔ים 1 and glean heads of grain ***and gather heads of grain left behind by the harvesters*** or ***and pick up heads of grain left behind by the harvesters***
76 RUT 2 2 j59b figs-idiom אֶמְצָא־חֵ֖ן בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 In whose eyes I find favor The phrase **in whose eyes I will find favor** is an idiom which means “whoever will approve of me.” Ruth speaks of gaining someone’s favor as gaining permission or approval. Alternate translation: “who will be kind to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
77 RUT 2 2 abc5 figs-metaphor בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 in whose eyes The **eyes** are a metonym that represents seeing, and seeing is a metaphor for knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Alternate translation: “who will decide [to be kind to me]” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
78 RUT 2 2 ed93 בִתִּֽ⁠י 1 my daughter Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother, and Naomi addressed Ruth affectionately as her daughter. If this is confusing in your language, use the term that would indicate this kind of close relationship between two women in your language.
79 RUT 2 3 ht73 וַ⁠יִּ֣קֶר מִקְרֶ֔⁠הָ 1 by chance This means that Ruth was not aware that the field that she picked to glean in belonged to Naomi’s relative Boaz.
80 RUT 2 3 ab11 מִ⁠מִּשְׁפַּ֥חַת אֱלִימֶֽלֶךְ 1 from the clan of Elimelek The use of the term ***clan*** here means that Boaz was related to Elimelek but did not have the same parents as Elimelek. The text is not saying that the clan was named after Elimelek or that Elimelek was the patriarch or leader of the clan.
138 RUT 2 21 g585 עִם־הַ⁠נְּעָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לִ⁠י֙ תִּדְבָּקִ֔י⁠ן 1 You should keep close by the servants who belong to me Boaz was expressing confidence that his workers would not harm Ruth.
139 RUT 2 22 f2tw תֵֽצְאִי֙ עִם 1 you go out with ***you work with***
140 RUT 2 22 bcc4 וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־בָ֖⁠ךְ 1 so that they do not harm you Possible meanings are (1) other workers might abuse Ruth or try to rape her or (2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning while they are harvesting.
141 RUT 2 22 ab64 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠לֹ֥א יִפְגְּעוּ־בָ֖⁠ךְ 1 so that they do not harm you This is the reason why Ruth should continue to work with Boaz’s servants. If it is more clear in your language to state the reason before the result, you can state this part of the sentence first, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) This is the reason why Ruth should continue to work with Boaz’s servants. If it is more clear in your language to state the reason before the result, you can state this part of the sentence first, as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
142 RUT 2 23 e2vq וַ⁠תִּדְבַּ֞ק 1 So she stayed close by Ruth worked in Boaz’s fields with his workers during the day, so she would be safe.
143 RUT 2 23 a7qp וַ⁠תֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־חֲמוֹתָֽ⁠הּ 1 She lived with her mother-in-law Ruth went to Naomi’s home to sleep at night.
144 RUT 3 intro t4y5 0 # Ruth 03 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Boaz’s integrity<br><br>Boaz showed great integrity in this chapter by not having sexual relations with Ruth until they were married. He was also concerned with preserving Ruth’s good reputation. Displaying Boaz’s good character is an important point in this chapter.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### **So that it may be well with you**<br><br>Naomi wanted Ruth to have a secure home with a good husband who would care for her. She could see that Boaz would be the best husband for her. She also thought that Boaz, as a kinsman-redeemer, had an obligation to marry her. This could be true because, even though Ruth was a Gentile by birth, she had become part of Naomi’s family and part of the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
155 RUT 3 3 ru6z וָ⁠סַ֗כְתְּ 1 and anoint yourself This is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, as a kind of perfume.
156 RUT 3 3 e92h וְיָרַ֣דְתְּ הַ⁠גֹּ֑רֶן 1 and go down to the threshing floor This refers to leaving the city and going to the open, flat area where workers could thresh and winnow grain.
157 RUT 3 4 jdr5 figs-imperative וִ⁠יהִ֣י 1 And let it be that ***Then do like this:*** This is a general instruction that introduces the next series of specific instructions that Naomi is about to give to Ruth. Translate this in the way that people would say this in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
158 RUT 3 4 ab21 grammar-connect-time-background בְ⁠שָׁכְב֗⁠וֹ בְ⁠שָׁכְב֗⁠וֹ 1 when he lies down, This is a background clause, explaining when Ruth should watch to see where Boaz sleeps. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
159 RUT 3 4 ln1m translate-symaction וְ⁠גִלִּ֥ית מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו 1 and uncover his feet This means to remove the cloak or blanket covering his feet (or legs). Perhaps this action by a woman could be interpreted as a proposal of marriage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
160 RUT 3 4 ab23 מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י⁠ו 1 his feet The word used here could refer to his feet or his legs.
161 RUT 3 4 l4we וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּ 1 and lie down ***and lie down there***
162 RUT 3 4 w1u5 וְ⁠הוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד לָ֔⁠ךְ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעַשִֽׂי⁠ן 1 Then he, himself, will tell you what you should do The specific custom of that time is unclear, but Naomi appears to believe that Boaz will understand Ruth’s action as a proposal of marriage. Boaz will then either accept or reject her offer.
163 RUT 3 4 nn4g וְ⁠הוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד 1 Then he, himself, will tell ***When he wakes up, he will tell***
179 RUT 3 10 n84d figs-idiom לְ⁠בִלְתִּי־לֶ֗כֶת אַחֲרֵי֙ 1 by not going after ***because you have not looked for marriage among***. Ruth could have ignored Naomi’s need and looked for a young and handsome husband for herself outside of Naomi’s relatives, but she did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
180 RUT 3 11 jdr6 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠עַתָּ֗ה 1 Connecting Statement: This phrase indicates that what came before in verse 10 is the reason for what follows in verse 11. This can be indicated with a word like ***Therefore***. If it is clearer in your language to put the reason after the result, the order would be: Boaz is motivated to perform the role of kinsman-redeemer (verse 11) ***because*** he has seen how much kindness Ruth has shown to Naomi (verse 10). If you choose this order, you will need to combine the verses and the verse numbers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]).
181 RUT 3 11 ei93 בִּתִּ⁠י֙ 1 my daughter Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman. Use the form of address that would be appropriate in your language. Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman. Use the form of address that would be appropriate in your language.
182 RUT 3 11 ab08 figs-idiom כָּל־שַׁ֣עַר עַמִּ֔⁠י 1 the whole gate of my people The gate was an area of the city where people gathered to do business, and the leaders met there to make decisions. So this was an idiom meaning “all of the important people in my city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]). The gate was an area of the city where people gathered to do business, and the leaders met there to make decisions. So this was an idiom meaning “all of the important people in my city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]).
183 RUT 3 11 ab31 אֵ֥שֶׁת חַ֖יִל 1 a woman of worth ***a woman of good character***, ***a good woman***
184 RUT 3 12 jdr7 וְ⁠עַתָּה֙ 1 Connecting Statement: This phrase indicates that what follows is something else important that Ruth should pay attention to. Alternate translation: “You also need to know that” a contrast between Boaz’s willingness to marry Ruth and the possibility of another man marrying her instead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
185 RUT 3 12 ab30 grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠גַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ וְ⁠גַ֛ם יֵ֥שׁ 1 but there is This phrase indicates a contrast between Boaz’s willingness to marry Ruth (verse 11) and the possibility of another man marrying her instead (verse 12). Alternate translation: “Even so, there is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]).
186 RUT 3 12 fvq5 גֹּאֵ֖ל קָר֥וֹב מִמֶּֽ⁠נִּי 1 a kinsman-redeemer…nearer than I It was the duty of the male relative who was closest in family relationship to the man who died to help his widow. See how you translated **kinsman-redeemer** in [2:20](../02/20/zu5f) and make sure that it also makes sense here.
187 RUT 3 13 gcl8 figs-explicit אִם־יִגְאָלֵ֥⁠ךְ 1 if he will redeem you ***redeem*** here means “marry according to our custom concerning widows.” Boaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruth’s dead husband would marry her and raise a son to carry on the dead man’s family name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
188 RUT 3 13 tkz9 חַי־יְהוָ֑ה 1 as Yahweh lives ***as surely as Yahweh lives*** or ***by the life of Yahweh***. This was a common Hebrew vow that obligated the speaker to perform what he said. Use the normal phrasing for a vow in your language.

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@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1SA 24 21 lj2i 0 you will not cut off my descendants after me “you will not kill my sons and their families.” It was common for a new king who was not from the previous family line to kill off all the children of the former king to prevent any of them from challenging him for the throne.
1SA 24 21 hr5u figs-metonymy 0 you will not destroy my name out of my fathers house It is important for each family in Israel to have descendants from generation to generation carrying on the family name and land inheritance. Alternate translation: “you will not destroy my family and descendants” or “you will allow my family to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1SA 24 22 yhv6 0 David and his men “David and his army”
1SA 25 intro abcp 0 # 1 Samuel 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Revenge<br>When David decides to kill all of the men in Nabals household, Abigail convinces David not to avenge himself but to leave revenge to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br><br>
1SA 25 intro abcp 0 # 1 Samuel 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Revenge<br>When David decides to kill all of the men in Nabals household, Abigail convinces David not to avenge himself but to leave revenge to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br>
1SA 25 1 nvn1 figs-hyperbole 0 All Israel gathered together and mourned for him This is likely a generalization. A large number of the people of Israel were probably there, but some were probably unable to attend. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1SA 25 1 xdb3 0 gathered together “met together”
1SA 25 1 n1il 0 buried him in his house at Ramah Possible meanings are that they buried Samuel (1) in his home town of Ramah or (2) on his familys land in Ramah but not physically in the house or (3) in his house in Ramah.

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
1111 1SA 24 21 lj2i 0 you will not cut off my descendants after me “you will not kill my sons and their families.” It was common for a new king who was not from the previous family line to kill off all the children of the former king to prevent any of them from challenging him for the throne.
1112 1SA 24 21 hr5u figs-metonymy 0 you will not destroy my name out of my father’s house It is important for each family in Israel to have descendants from generation to generation carrying on the family name and land inheritance. Alternate translation: “you will not destroy my family and descendants” or “you will allow my family to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1113 1SA 24 22 yhv6 0 David and his men “David and his army”
1114 1SA 25 intro abcp 0 # 1 Samuel 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Revenge<br>When David decides to kill all of the men in Nabal’s household, Abigail convinces David not to avenge himself but to leave revenge to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br><br> # 1 Samuel 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Revenge<br>When David decides to kill all of the men in Nabal’s household, Abigail convinces David not to avenge himself but to leave revenge to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br>
1115 1SA 25 1 nvn1 figs-hyperbole 0 All Israel gathered together and mourned for him This is likely a generalization. A large number of the people of Israel were probably there, but some were probably unable to attend. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1116 1SA 25 1 xdb3 0 gathered together “met together”
1117 1SA 25 1 n1il 0 buried him in his house at Ramah Possible meanings are that they buried Samuel (1) in his home town of Ramah or (2) on his family’s land in Ramah but not physically in the house or (3) in his house in Ramah.

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@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ EZR 5 14 w7ix לְ⁠שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּ֣ר 1 Sheshbazzar See how you tra
EZR 5 14 caq3 וִ⁠יהִ֨יבוּ֙ 1 gave them King Cyrus returned the temple objects.
EZR 5 15 q6r3 figs-activepassive וּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֥א 1 Let the house of God be rebuilt This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I want the Judeans to rebuild the house of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 16 x9zt 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai continues to tell the king what the Judeans had told him beginning in ([Ezra 5:11](./11.md)).
EZR 5 16 d7m8 figs-activepassive מִתְבְּנֵ֖א וְ⁠לָ֥א שְׁלִֽם 1 it has been under construction, but is not complete This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people are now constructing it, but they have not done all the work yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 16 d7m8 figs-activepassive מִתְבְּנֵ֖א וְ⁠לָ֥א שְׁלִֽם 1 it has been under construction, but is not complete This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people are now constructing it, but they have not done all the work yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 16 myr8 מִתְבְּנֵ֖א 1 under construction built
EZR 5 17 f4m4 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai has finished telling the king what the Judeans told him and now asks the king to see if what the Judeans told him was true.
EZR 5 17 abm5 figs-activepassive יִ֠תְבַּקַּר 1 let a search be made This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I would like you to have someone investigate this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ EZR 6 21 p72z figs-metaphor הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥
EZR 6 21 alu2 figs-metaphor מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here “uncleanness” represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of the land did that made them unacceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 tyz7 figs-metaphor לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 to seek Yahweh Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “chose to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 22 k6q8 figs-metonymy וְֽ⁠הֵסֵ֞ב לֵ֤ב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ 1 turned the heart of the king of Assyria Turning the kings heart represents making him think differently about the work of the temple. Alternate translation: “changed the attitude of Assyrias king” or “made Assyrias king willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 6 22 x9ls figs-metaphor לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק יְדֵי⁠הֶ֔ם בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God Strengthening their hands in the work represents helping them to work. The Assyrian king did this by telling them to do the work and providing the money for it. Alternate translation: “to help them do the work of his house” or “to make it possible for them to do the work of his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 22 x9ls figs-metaphor לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק יְדֵי⁠הֶ֔ם בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God Strengthening their hands in the work represents helping them to work. The Assyrian king did this by telling them to do the work and providing the money for it. Alternate translation: “to help them do the work of his house” or “to make it possible for them to do the work of his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 22 m7l7 בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 the work of the house of God This refers to building the temple.
EZR 7 intro p3he 0 # Ezra 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Ezra begins his religious reforms.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Gods Law<br>The people no longer know the law of Moses. Therefore, the king allows Ezra to return to Judea to teach the people about Gods law. Many people go with him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
EZR 7 1 h549 0 General Information: Ezras genealogy goes back to Aaron, the first high priest.

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
217 EZR 5 14 caq3 וִ⁠יהִ֨יבוּ֙ 1 gave them King Cyrus returned the temple objects.
218 EZR 5 15 q6r3 figs-activepassive וּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֥א 1 Let the house of God be rebuilt This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I want the Judeans to rebuild the house of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
219 EZR 5 16 x9zt 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai continues to tell the king what the Judeans had told him beginning in ([Ezra 5:11](./11.md)).
220 EZR 5 16 d7m8 figs-activepassive מִתְבְּנֵ֖א וְ⁠לָ֥א שְׁלִֽם 1 it has been under construction, but is not complete it has been under construction, but is not complete This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people are now constructing it, but they have not done all the work yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
221 EZR 5 16 myr8 מִתְבְּנֵ֖א 1 under construction built
222 EZR 5 17 f4m4 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai has finished telling the king what the Judeans told him and now asks the king to see if what the Judeans told him was true.
223 EZR 5 17 abm5 figs-activepassive יִ֠תְבַּקַּר 1 let a search be made This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I would like you to have someone investigate this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
259 EZR 6 21 alu2 figs-metaphor מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here “uncleanness” represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of the land did that made them unacceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
260 EZR 6 21 tyz7 figs-metaphor לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 to seek Yahweh Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “chose to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
261 EZR 6 22 k6q8 figs-metonymy וְֽ⁠הֵסֵ֞ב לֵ֤ב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ 1 turned the heart of the king of Assyria Turning the king’s heart represents making him think differently about the work of the temple. Alternate translation: “changed the attitude of Assyria’s king” or “made Assyria’s king willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
262 EZR 6 22 x9ls figs-metaphor לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק יְדֵי⁠הֶ֔ם בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God Strengthening their hands in the work represents helping them to work. The Assyrian king did this by telling them to do the work and providing the money for it. Alternate translation: “to help them do the work of his house” or “to make it possible for them to do the work of his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
263 EZR 6 22 m7l7 בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 the work of the house of God This refers to building the temple.
264 EZR 7 intro p3he 0 # Ezra 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Ezra begins his religious reforms.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s Law<br>The people no longer know the law of Moses. Therefore, the king allows Ezra to return to Judea to teach the people about God’s law. Many people go with him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
265 EZR 7 1 h549 0 General Information: Ezra’s genealogy goes back to Aaron, the first high priest.

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@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ PSA 14 6 ysx7 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh is his refuge This speaks of the protectio
PSA 14 7 uji3 figs-exclamations 0 Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come from Zion! This is an exclamation. The writer is saying what he wishes or longs for God to do. Alternate translation: “I wish so much that the salvation of Israel would come from Zion!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
PSA 14 7 xxx6 figs-metonymy 0 Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come from Zion! Here “the salvation of Israel” is a metonym for Yahweh, the one who saves Israel. Alternate translation: “Oh, that Yahweh would come from Zion and save Israel!” or “I wish that Yahweh would come from Zion and rescue his people Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PSA 14 7 h25q figs-parallelism 0 then Jacob will rejoice and Israel will be glad These two phrases mean the same thing. Here both “Jacob” and “Israel” represent the people of Israel. The two phrases can be combined in the translation. Alternate translation: “then all the people of Israel will rejoice greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
PSA 15 intro j6s2 0 # Psalm 015 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 15 is a wisdom psalm telling how people who honor God should live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Godliness<br>This psalm outlines a person who is godly and sees others from a godly perspective. There are several good actions mentioned. Such a person treats his neighbor right, does not slander him, does not take a bribe or interest from him, and keeps his promises even when it is difficult to do so. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])<br><br>### Moral Conditions for Worship<br><br>Scholars have noted that this psalm contains a list of ten different conditions for those who want to participate in worship at the temple. The list consists of three positives in verse 2, 3 negatives in verse 3, two positives in verse 4, followed by two negatives in verse 5. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>
PSA 15 intro j6s2 0 # Psalm 015 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 15 is a wisdom psalm telling how people who honor God should live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Godliness<br>This psalm outlines a person who is godly and sees others from a godly perspective. There are several good actions mentioned. Such a person treats his neighbor right, does not slander him, does not take a bribe or interest from him, and keeps his promises even when it is difficult to do so. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])<br><br>### Moral Conditions for Worship<br><br>Scholars have noted that this psalm contains a list of ten different conditions for those who want to participate in worship at the temple. The list consists of three positives in verse 2, 3 negatives in verse 3, two positives in verse 4, followed by two negatives in verse 5. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br>
PSA 15 1 u6j8 writing-poetry 0 General Information: Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
PSA 15 1 sql5 figs-metonymy 0 Who may live on your holy hill? Gods “holy hill” represents Gods temple, which was on Mount Zion. Alternate translation: “Who may live in your holy place?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PSA 15 2 jg77 0 speaks truth from his heart “speaks honestly”
@ -4787,7 +4787,7 @@ PSA 131 1 xfb4 figs-metaphor 0 things that are beyond me Things that are too ha
PSA 131 2 r92s figs-synecdoche 0 I have stilled and quieted my soul The soul represents the person or his emotions. Being calm and peaceful is spoken of has having making ones soul still and quiet. Alternate translation: “I am calm and peaceful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PSA 131 2 sep5 figs-metonymy 0 my soul within me The soul represents the person or his emotions. Alternate translation: “I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PSA 131 2 sim5 figs-metaphor 0 a weaned child with his mother The psalmist speaks of himself being content and resting as if he were a young child that no longer demands breast milk from his mother. Alternate translation: “content like a young child that no longer cries for breast milk but rests in his mothers arms” or “content and resting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PSA 132 intro fp7w 0 # Psalm 132 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 132 is a royal psalm praising David. It might have been sung when David brought the ark to Jerusalem.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ark<br>The Ark had been moved from one place to another several times. David wanted to make a permanent home for it. God had promised David that his son would be king after him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])<br>
PSA 132 intro fp7w 0 # Psalm 132 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 132 is a royal psalm praising David. It might have been sung when David brought the ark to Jerusalem.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ark<br>The Ark had been moved from one place to another several times. David wanted to make a permanent home for it. God had promised David that his son would be king after him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
PSA 132 1 sq3d writing-poetry 0 General Information: Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
PSA 132 1 lvf4 0 for Davids sake “because of what happened to David”
PSA 132 1 rsq8 0 call to mind “remember” or “think about”

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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ HOS 3 5 klf5 0 seek Yahweh their God Here “seek” means they are asking God
HOS 3 5 ce6i figs-metonymy 0 David their king Here “David” represents all the descendants of David. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David to be their king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HOS 3 5 plr4 0 in the last days “in the future”
HOS 3 5 h6db figs-metonymy 0 they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodness Here “trembling” represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate translation: “they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HOS 4 intro m65b 0 # Hosea 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The author stops using the metaphor of a husband/wife relationship and begins using a new illustration using lawsuits. God is suing the people of Israel because of all the wrong they have done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Lawsuits<br><br>Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
HOS 4 intro m65b 0 # Hosea 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The author stops using the metaphor of a husband/wife relationship and begins using a new illustration using lawsuits. God is suing the people of Israel because of all the wrong they have done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Lawsuits<br><br>Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
HOS 4 1 k5fr 0 General Information: This chapter begins Yahwehs argument against the unfaithful Israelites.
HOS 4 1 t2hu figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh has a lawsuit against the inhabitants of the land Yahweh stating that the people of Israel have sinned against him and broken his covenant is spoken of as if Yahweh were accusing them in court. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HOS 4 1 ste3 0 lawsuit This is a complaint by one person against another person in a court of law. See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:2](../02/02.md).

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
91 HOS 3 5 ce6i figs-metonymy 0 David their king Here “David” represents all the descendants of David. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David to be their king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
92 HOS 3 5 plr4 0 in the last days “in the future”
93 HOS 3 5 h6db figs-metonymy 0 they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodness Here “trembling” represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate translation: “they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
94 HOS 4 intro m65b 0 # Hosea 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The author stops using the metaphor of a husband/wife relationship and begins using a new illustration using lawsuits. God is suing the people of Israel because of all the wrong they have done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Lawsuits<br><br>Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br> # Hosea 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The author stops using the metaphor of a husband/wife relationship and begins using a new illustration using lawsuits. God is suing the people of Israel because of all the wrong they have done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Lawsuits<br><br>Lawsuits are special cases where people go to court when they have a legal issue to resolve between them. Normally, one party is accusing another party of having done wrong.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>Metonymy is used in the first few verses of this chapter. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or idea is called not by its own name, but by the name of something closely associated with it. Bloodshed is associated with murder. Stumbling represents sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
95 HOS 4 1 k5fr 0 General Information: This chapter begins Yahweh’s argument against the unfaithful Israelites.
96 HOS 4 1 t2hu figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh has a lawsuit against the inhabitants of the land Yahweh stating that the people of Israel have sinned against him and broken his covenant is spoken of as if Yahweh were accusing them in court. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
97 HOS 4 1 ste3 0 lawsuit This is a complaint by one person against another person in a court of law. See how you translated this in [Hosea 2:2](../02/02.md).

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ JON 1 2 x5ua ק֠וּם לֵ֧ךְ אֶל־נִֽינְוֵ֛ה הָ⁠עִ֥י
JON 1 2 v2xt figs-idiom ק֠וּם 1 Get up This is an idiom that means that Jonah should take action and go. It does not mean that he was sitting or lying down at the time that God spoke to him. Many languages would use only one verb, such as “go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 1 2 jqz9 figs-metonymy וּ⁠קְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 call out against it The word **it** here, meaning the city of Nineveh, is a metonym referring to the people living in and around the city. Alternate translation: “warn the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JON 1 2 rki2 עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠י 1 their wickedness has risen up before my face ***I know they have been continually sinning*** or ***I know that their sin has been getting worse and worse***
JON 1 2 jd9r figs-metonymy לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠ 1 before my face This is an expression that refers to the face of Yahweh to represent his presence. The idea of Yahwehs presence also includes his knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Yahweh is saying that he can has noticed how wicked the people of Nineveh have become. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JON 1 2 jd9r figs-metonymy לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠ 1 before my face This is an expression that refers to the face of Yahweh to represent his presence. The idea of Yahwehs presence also includes his knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Yahweh is saying that he can has noticed how wicked the people of Nineveh have become. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JON 1 3 f5sr figs-idiom וַ⁠יָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִ⁠בְרֹ֣חַ 1 But Jonah got up to run away Here the words **got up** mean that Jonah took action in response to Gods command, but his action was to disobey instead of to obey. See how you translated this idiom in 1:2. Alternate translation: “But Jonah ran away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 1 3 n96t figs-metaphor מִ⁠לִּ⁠פְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה -1 from before the face of Yahweh This is an expression that refers to the face of Yahweh to represent his presence. The idea of Yahwehs presence also includes his knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. By running away, Jonah is hoping that Yahweh will not notice that he is disobeying. Alternate translation: “from the presence of Yahweh” or “from Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JON 1 3 g66v figs-explicit לִ⁠בְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁ⁠ה 1 to run away to Tarshish ***to flee to Tarshish***. This city named Tarshish was in the opposite direction to Nineveh. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and went in the opposite direction, toward Tarshish, away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ JON 2 2 jdrC writing-poetry קָ֠רָאתִי מִ⁠צָּ֥רָה לִ֛⁠י
JON 2 2 s7fi קָ֠רָאתִי מִ⁠צָּ֥רָה לִ֛⁠י אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה 1 I cried out to Yahweh from my distress ***I prayed to Yahweh during my great trouble*** or ***Yahweh, I cried out to you during my distress***
JON 2 2 wdr4 וַֽ⁠יַּעֲנֵ֑⁠נִי 1 he answered me ***Yahweh responded to me*** or ***he helped me*** or ***you answered me***
JON 2 2 w8wn figs-metaphor מִ⁠בֶּ֧טֶן שְׁא֛וֹל 1 from the belly of Sheol ***from the center of Sheol*** or ***from the deep part of Sheol***. Possible meanings include: (1) Jonah was speaking of being in the belly of the fish as being in Sheol; or (2) Jonah believed that he was about to die and go to Sheol; or (3) He was speaking as if he already had died and gone to Sheol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JON 2 2 ab77 translate-names שְׁא֛וֹל 1 Sheol ***Sheol*** was the name of the place where people went after they died. It was thought to be a shadowy world located somewhere under the ground. The New Testament equivalent seems to be “Hades,” where the dead wait for judgment (see Rev. 20:13). If your language has a word for this place, you may want to use it here, or borrow the word “Sheol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JON 2 2 ab77 translate-names שְׁא֛וֹל 1 Sheol ***Sheol*** was the name of the place where people went after they died. It was thought to be a shadowy world located somewhere under the ground. The New Testament equivalent seems to be “Hades,” where the dead wait for judgment (see Rev. 20:13). If your language has a word for this place, you may want to use it here, or borrow the word “Sheol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JON 2 2 jdrD figs-idiom שָׁמַ֥עְתָּ קוֹלִֽ⁠י 1 you heard my voice This phrase probably has both a literal and a figurative meaning. The phrase probably means literally that Yahweh heard Jonahs voice while he was praying inside the belly of the fish. However, the phrase “to hear someones voice” in the Old Testament often means “to listen and obey (comply).” In this context, Jonah is expressing that Yahweh both heard him and acted to save him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 2 3 glp2 בִּ⁠לְבַ֣ב יַמִּ֔ים 1 into the heart of the seas Here the term **heart** is a metaphor for “being inside” something. The phrase “in the heart of” means to be “in the middle of” or “completely surrounded by” sea water. Alternate translation: “in the middle of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JON 2 3 p8fd וְ⁠נָהָ֖ר יְסֹבְבֵ֑⁠נִי 1 a current surrounded me ***the sea water closed in around me***
@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ JON 3 3 k7k9 figs-idiom וַ⁠יָּ֣קָם יוֹנָ֗ה וַ⁠יֵּ֛לֶ
JON 3 3 g4nk figs-metonymy כִּ⁠דְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה 1 the word of Yahweh ***the message of Yahweh*** or ***the command of Yahweh***
JON 3 3 dt1b writing-background וְ⁠נִֽינְוֵ֗ה הָיְתָ֤ה עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִ֔ים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 Now Nineveh was a great city to Gpd, a journey of three days This sentence gives background information about the city of Nineveh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
JON 3 3 jd8r figs-idiom עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִ֔ים 1 a great city to God This is an idiom meaning that the city is both extremely large and one of the largest cities in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 3 3 ye82 figs-idiom מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 a journey of three days This appears to mean that a person had to walk for three days to completely go through it from one side of the city to the opposite side. It could also mean that it took three days to see the whole city. Alternate translation: “a city so large that it would take a person three days to walk through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 3 3 ye82 figs-idiom מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 a journey of three days This appears to mean that a person had to walk for three days to completely go through it from one side of the city to the opposite side. It could also mean that it took three days to see the whole city. Alternate translation: “a city so large that it would take a person three days to walk through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JON 3 4 r2al וַ⁠יָּ֤חֶל יוֹנָה֙ לָ⁠ב֣וֹא בָ⁠עִ֔יר מַהֲלַ֖ךְ י֣וֹם אֶחָ֑ד וַ⁠יִּקְרָא֙ 1 So Jonah began to go into the city a journey of one day, and he called out This phrase has two possible meanings: (1) Jonah walked a days journey into the city, then he started calling out; or (2) while Jonah was walking through the city on the first day, he started calling out.
JON 3 4 r94k וַ⁠יִּקְרָא֙ וַ⁠יֹּאמַ֔ר 1 and he called out and said ***and he proclaimed*** or ***and he shouted***
JON 3 4 ab78 ע֚וֹד אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם 1 Until 40 days ***After 40 days*** or ***In 40 days*** ***There remain 40 days, and***

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
10 JON 1 2 v2xt figs-idiom ק֠וּם 1 Get up This is an idiom that means that Jonah should take action and go. It does not mean that he was sitting or lying down at the time that God spoke to him. Many languages would use only one verb, such as “go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11 JON 1 2 jqz9 figs-metonymy וּ⁠קְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 call out against it The word **it** here, meaning the city of Nineveh, is a metonym referring to the people living in and around the city. Alternate translation: “warn the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12 JON 1 2 rki2 עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖⁠ם לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠י 1 their wickedness has risen up before my face ***I know they have been continually sinning*** or ***I know that their sin has been getting worse and worse***
13 JON 1 2 jd9r figs-metonymy לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠ לְ⁠פָנָֽ⁠ 1 before my face This is an expression that refers to the face of Yahweh to represent his presence. The idea of Yahweh’s presence also includes his knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. Yahweh is saying that he can has noticed how wicked the people of Nineveh have become. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
14 JON 1 3 f5sr figs-idiom וַ⁠יָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִ⁠בְרֹ֣חַ 1 But Jonah got up to run away Here the words **got up** mean that Jonah took action in response to God’s command, but his action was to disobey instead of to obey. See how you translated this idiom in 1:2. Alternate translation: “But Jonah ran away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
15 JON 1 3 n96t figs-metaphor מִ⁠לִּ⁠פְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה -1 from before the face of Yahweh This is an expression that refers to the face of Yahweh to represent his presence. The idea of Yahweh’s presence also includes his knowledge, notice, attention, or judgment. By running away, Jonah is hoping that Yahweh will not notice that he is disobeying. Alternate translation: “from the presence of Yahweh” or “from Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
16 JON 1 3 g66v figs-explicit לִ⁠בְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁ⁠ה 1 to run away to Tarshish ***to flee to Tarshish***. This city named Tarshish was in the opposite direction to Nineveh. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and went in the opposite direction, toward Tarshish, away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
74 JON 2 2 s7fi קָ֠רָאתִי מִ⁠צָּ֥רָה לִ֛⁠י אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה 1 I cried out to Yahweh from my distress ***I prayed to Yahweh during my great trouble*** or ***Yahweh, I cried out to you during my distress***
75 JON 2 2 wdr4 וַֽ⁠יַּעֲנֵ֑⁠נִי 1 he answered me ***Yahweh responded to me*** or ***he helped me*** or ***you answered me***
76 JON 2 2 w8wn figs-metaphor מִ⁠בֶּ֧טֶן שְׁא֛וֹל 1 from the belly of Sheol ***from the center of Sheol*** or ***from the deep part of Sheol***. Possible meanings include: (1) Jonah was speaking of being in the belly of the fish as being in Sheol; or (2) Jonah believed that he was about to die and go to Sheol; or (3) He was speaking as if he already had died and gone to Sheol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
77 JON 2 2 ab77 translate-names שְׁא֛וֹל שְׁא֛וֹל 1 Sheol ***Sheol*** was the name of the place where people went after they died. It was thought to be a shadowy world located somewhere under the ground. The New Testament equivalent seems to be “Hades,” where the dead wait for judgment (see Rev. 20:13). If your language has a word for this place, you may want to use it here, or borrow the word “Sheol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
78 JON 2 2 jdrD figs-idiom שָׁמַ֥עְתָּ קוֹלִֽ⁠י 1 you heard my voice This phrase probably has both a literal and a figurative meaning. The phrase probably means literally that Yahweh heard Jonah’s voice while he was praying inside the belly of the fish. However, the phrase “to hear someone’s voice” in the Old Testament often means “to listen and obey (comply).” In this context, Jonah is expressing that Yahweh both heard him and acted to save him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
79 JON 2 3 glp2 בִּ⁠לְבַ֣ב יַמִּ֔ים 1 into the heart of the seas Here the term **heart** is a metaphor for “being inside” something. The phrase “in the heart of” means to be “in the middle of” or “completely surrounded by” sea water. Alternate translation: “in the middle of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
80 JON 2 3 p8fd וְ⁠נָהָ֖ר יְסֹבְבֵ֑⁠נִי 1 a current surrounded me ***the sea water closed in around me***
113 JON 3 3 g4nk figs-metonymy כִּ⁠דְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה 1 the word of Yahweh ***the message of Yahweh*** or ***the command of Yahweh***
114 JON 3 3 dt1b writing-background וְ⁠נִֽינְוֵ֗ה הָיְתָ֤ה עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִ֔ים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 Now Nineveh was a great city to Gpd, a journey of three days This sentence gives background information about the city of Nineveh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
115 JON 3 3 jd8r figs-idiom עִיר־גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽ⁠אלֹהִ֔ים 1 a great city to God This is an idiom meaning that the city is both extremely large and one of the largest cities in the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
116 JON 3 3 ye82 figs-idiom מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 a journey of three days This appears to mean that a person had to walk for three days to completely go through it from one side of the city to the opposite side. It could also mean that it took three days to see the whole city. Alternate translation: “a city so large that it would take a person three days to walk through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
117 JON 3 4 r2al וַ⁠יָּ֤חֶל יוֹנָה֙ לָ⁠ב֣וֹא בָ⁠עִ֔יר מַהֲלַ֖ךְ י֣וֹם אֶחָ֑ד וַ⁠יִּקְרָא֙ 1 So Jonah began to go into the city a journey of one day, and he called out This phrase has two possible meanings: (1) Jonah walked a day’s journey into the city, then he started calling out; or (2) while Jonah was walking through the city on the first day, he started calling out.
118 JON 3 4 r94k וַ⁠יִּקְרָא֙ וַ⁠יֹּאמַ֔ר 1 and he called out and said ***and he proclaimed*** or ***and he shouted***
119 JON 3 4 ab78 ע֚וֹד אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם 1 Until 40 days ***After 40 days*** or ***In 40 days*** ***There remain 40 days, and***

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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ LUK 1 6 uu87 ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God “in Gods sig
LUK 1 6 csc9 πάσαις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς καὶ δικαιώμασιν τοῦ Κυρίου 1 all the commandments and statutes of the Lord “all that the Lord had commanded and required”
LUK 1 7 c7cj καὶ 1 But This contrast word shows that what follows here is the opposite of what is expected. People expected that if they did what was right, God would allow them to have children. Although this couple did what was right, they did not have any children.
LUK 1 8 jr7f ἐγένετο δὲ 1 Now it came about This phrase is used to mark a shift in the story from the background information to the participants.
LUK 1 8 vyl8 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερατεύειν αὐτὸν…ἔναντι τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 while he was performing his priestly duties before God It is implied that Zechariah was in Gods temple and that these priestly duties were part of worshiping God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 1 8 vyl8 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ ἱερατεύειν αὐτὸν…ἔναντι τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 while he was performing his priestly duties before God It is implied that Zechariah was in Gods temple and that these priestly duties were part of worshiping God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 1 8 abc1 ἐν τῷ ἱερατεύειν αὐτὸν 1 while he was performing his priestly duties This refers to Zechariah.
LUK 1 8 wed9 ἐν τῇ τάξει τῆς ἐφημερίας αὐτοῦ 1 in the order of his division “when it was his groups turn” or “when the time came for his group to serve”
LUK 1 9 vq5g writing-background κατὰ τὸ ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας, ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι 1 According to the custom of the priesthood…to burn incense This sentence gives us information about priestly duties. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ LUK 18 39 z7r6 σιγήσῃ 1 would be quiet “to be silent” or “not to s
LUK 18 39 zug7 πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἔκραζεν 1 he kept crying out much more This could mean that he cried out louder or that he cried out more persistently.
LUK 18 40 g96a figs-activepassive αὐτὸν ἀχθῆναι πρὸς αὐτόν 1 him to be brought to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people to bring the blind man to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 18 40 abcp αὐτοῦ, ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν 1 he asked him “Jesus asked the blind man”
LUK 18 41 al8g ἵνα ἀναβλέψω 1 I want to see again “to be able to see”
LUK 18 41 al8g ἵνα ἀναβλέψω 1 I want to see again “to be able to see”
LUK 18 42 n67h figs-imperative ἀνάβλεψον 1 Receive your sight This is a command, but Jesus is not commanding the man to do anything. Jesus is healing the man by commanding him to be healed. Alternate translation: “You will now receive your sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
LUK 18 42 gcv1 figs-metonymy ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 Your faith has healed you These words are a metonym. It was because of the mans faith that Jesus healed the man. Alternate translation: “I have healed you because you believed in me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 18 43 d1kk δοξάζων τὸν Θεόν 1 glorifying God “giving glory to God” or “praising God”

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@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ ACT 10 2 w2kx figs-hyperbole δεόμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ παντ
ACT 10 3 up3j ὥραν ἐνάτην 1 the ninth hour “three oclock in the afternoon.” This is the normal afternoon prayer time for Jews.
ACT 10 3 g3lv εἶδεν…φανερῶς 1 he clearly saw “Cornelius clearly saw”
ACT 10 4 abcf ὁ δὲ, ἀτενίσας αὐτῷ 1 But he stared at him Cornelius looked intently at the angel.
ACT 10 4 abcg εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ 1 Then he said to him “Then the angel said to Cornelius”
ACT 10 4 abcg εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ 1 Then he said to him “Then the angel said to Cornelius”
ACT 10 4 p5ml figs-explicit αἱ προσευχαί σου, καὶ αἱ ἐλεημοσύναι σου, ἀνέβησαν εἰς μνημόσυνον ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Your prayers and your gifts…a memorial offering into Gods presence It is implied that his gifts and prayers had been accepted by God. Alternate translation: “God is pleased by your prayers and your gifts…a memorial offering to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ACT 10 6 lt9n βυρσεῖ 1 a tanner a person who makes leather from animal skins
ACT 10 7 g6lq ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ λαλῶν αὐτῷ 1 When the angel who spoke to him had left “When Cornelius vision of the angel had ended.”

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@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ ROM 6 12 cm8d figs-synecdoche ἐν τῷ θνητῷ ὑμῶν σώματι 1
ROM 6 12 r462 figs-personification εἰς τὸ ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτοῦ 1 in order that you may obey its lusts Paul speaks of a person having evil desires as if it sin were a master that had evil desires. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
ROM 6 13 rh3z figs-synecdoche μηδὲ παριστάνετε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν, ὅπλα ἀδικίας τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ 1 Do not present the parts of your body to sin, to be tools used for unrighteousness The picture is of the sinner offering the “parts of his body” to his master or king. Ones “body parts” are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not offer yourselves to sin so that you do what is not right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
ROM 6 13 r4wz figs-explicit ἀλλὰ παραστήσατε ἑαυτοὺς τῷ Θεῷ, ὡσεὶ ἐκ νεκρῶν ζῶντας 1 But present yourselves to God, as those who have been brought from death to life Here “now living” refers to the believers new spiritual life. Alternate translation: “But offer yourselves to God, because he has given you new spiritual life” or “But offer yourselves to God, as those who had died and are now alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ROM 6 13 pgw5 figs-synecdoche καὶ τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν, ὅπλα δικαιοσύνης τῷ Θεῷ 1 the parts of your body to God as tools to be used for righteousness Here “parts of your body” is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “let God use you for what is pleasing to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
ROM 6 13 pgw5 figs-synecdoche καὶ τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν, ὅπλα δικαιοσύνης τῷ Θεῷ 1 the parts of your body to God as tools to be used for righteousness Here “parts of your body” is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “let God use you for what is pleasing to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
ROM 6 14 gez3 figs-personification ἁμαρτία…ὑμῶν οὐ κυριεύσει, 1 Do not allow sin to rule over you Paul speaks of “sin” here as if it were a king who rules over people. Alternate translation: “Do not let sinful desires control what you do” or “Do not allow yourselves to do the sinful things you want to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
ROM 6 14 iev9 figs-explicit οὐ γάρ ἐστε ὑπὸ νόμον 1 For you are not under law To be “under law” means to be subject to its limitations and weaknesses. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “For you are no longer bound to the law of Moses, which could not give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ROM 6 14 fl3e figs-explicit ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ χάριν 1 but under grace To be “under grace” means that Gods free gift provides the power to keep from sinning. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “but you are bound to Gods grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
408 ROM 6 12 r462 figs-personification εἰς τὸ ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτοῦ 1 in order that you may obey its lusts Paul speaks of a person having evil desires as if it sin were a master that had evil desires. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) Paul speaks of a person having evil desires as if it sin were a master that had evil desires. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
409 ROM 6 13 rh3z figs-synecdoche μηδὲ παριστάνετε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν, ὅπλα ἀδικίας τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ 1 Do not present the parts of your body to sin, to be tools used for unrighteousness The picture is of the sinner offering the “parts of his body” to his master or king. One’s “body parts” are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not offer yourselves to sin so that you do what is not right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) The picture is of the sinner offering the “parts of his body” to his master or king. One’s “body parts” are a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not offer yourselves to sin so that you do what is not right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
410 ROM 6 13 r4wz figs-explicit ἀλλὰ παραστήσατε ἑαυτοὺς τῷ Θεῷ, ὡσεὶ ἐκ νεκρῶν ζῶντας 1 But present yourselves to God, as those who have been brought from death to life Here “now living” refers to the believer’s new spiritual life. Alternate translation: “But offer yourselves to God, because he has given you new spiritual life” or “But offer yourselves to God, as those who had died and are now alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Here “now living” refers to the believer’s new spiritual life. Alternate translation: “But offer yourselves to God, because he has given you new spiritual life” or “But offer yourselves to God, as those who had died and are now alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
411 ROM 6 13 pgw5 figs-synecdoche καὶ τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν, ὅπλα δικαιοσύνης τῷ Θεῷ 1 the parts of your body to God as tools to be used for righteousness the parts of your body to God as tools to be used for righteousness Here “parts of your body” is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “let God use you for what is pleasing to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Here “parts of your body” is a synecdoche that refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “let God use you for what is pleasing to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
412 ROM 6 14 gez3 figs-personification ἁμαρτία…ὑμῶν οὐ κυριεύσει, 1 Do not allow sin to rule over you Paul speaks of “sin” here as if it were a king who rules over people. Alternate translation: “Do not let sinful desires control what you do” or “Do not allow yourselves to do the sinful things you want to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) Paul speaks of “sin” here as if it were a king who rules over people. Alternate translation: “Do not let sinful desires control what you do” or “Do not allow yourselves to do the sinful things you want to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
413 ROM 6 14 iev9 figs-explicit οὐ γάρ ἐστε ὑπὸ νόμον 1 For you are not under law To be “under law” means to be subject to its limitations and weaknesses. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “For you are no longer bound to the law of Moses, which could not give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) To be “under law” means to be subject to its limitations and weaknesses. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “For you are no longer bound to the law of Moses, which could not give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
414 ROM 6 14 fl3e figs-explicit ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ χάριν 1 but under grace To be “under grace” means that God’s free gift provides the power to keep from sinning. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “but you are bound to God’s grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) To be “under grace” means that God’s free gift provides the power to keep from sinning. You can make the full meaning explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “but you are bound to God’s grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
2CO 11 23 bq23 παραφρονῶν λαλῶ 1 as though I were out of my mind “as though I were unable to think well”
2CO 11 23 vy54 figs-ellipsis ὑπὲρ ἐγώ 1 I am more You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “I am more a servant of Christ than they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2CO 11 23 s8wq ἐν κόποις περισσοτέρως 1 in even more hard work “I have worked harder”
2CO 11 23 dr6x ἐν φυλακαῖς περισσοτέρως 1 in far more imprisonments “I have been in prisons more often”
2CO 11 23 dr6x ἐν φυλακαῖς περισσοτέρως 1 in far more imprisonments “I have been in prisons more often”
2CO 11 23 cs3f figs-idiom ἐν πληγαῖς ὑπερβαλλόντως 1 in beatings beyond measure This is an idiom, and is exaggerated to emphasize that he had been beaten many, many times. Alternate translation: “I have been beaten very many times” or “I have been beaten too many times to bother counting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2CO 11 23 r6jv ἐν θανάτοις πολλάκις 1 in facing many dangers of death “and I have almost died many times”
2CO 11 24 ttz2 τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν 1 forty lashes minus one This was a common expression for being whipped 39 times. In Jewish law the most they were allowed to whip a person at one time was forty lashes. So they commonly whipped a person thirty-nine times so that they would be guilty of whipping someone too many times if the accidentally counted wrong.

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
517 2CO 11 23 bq23 παραφρονῶν λαλῶ 1 as though I were out of my mind “as though I were unable to think well”
518 2CO 11 23 vy54 figs-ellipsis ὑπὲρ ἐγώ 1 I am more You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “I am more a servant of Christ than they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
519 2CO 11 23 s8wq ἐν κόποις περισσοτέρως 1 in even more hard work “I have worked harder”
520 2CO 11 23 dr6x ἐν φυλακαῖς περισσοτέρως 1 in far more imprisonments in far more imprisonments “I have been in prisons more often”
521 2CO 11 23 cs3f figs-idiom ἐν πληγαῖς ὑπερβαλλόντως 1 in beatings beyond measure This is an idiom, and is exaggerated to emphasize that he had been beaten many, many times. Alternate translation: “I have been beaten very many times” or “I have been beaten too many times to bother counting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
522 2CO 11 23 r6jv ἐν θανάτοις πολλάκις 1 in facing many dangers of death “and I have almost died many times”
523 2CO 11 24 ttz2 τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν 1 forty lashes minus one This was a common expression for being whipped 39 times. In Jewish law the most they were allowed to whip a person at one time was forty lashes. So they commonly whipped a person thirty-nine times so that they would be guilty of whipping someone too many times if the accidentally counted wrong.

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@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ EPH 1 17 b7l1 πνεῦμα σοφίας καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως, ἐν
EPH 1 18 gbl7 figs-metonymy πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας 1 that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened Here “heart” is a metonym for a persons mind. The phrase “eyes of your heart” is a metaphor for ones ability to gain understanding. Alternate translation: “that you may gain understanding and be enlightened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 1 18 iv1h figs-activepassive πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας 1 that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened This may be stated in the active tense. Alternate translation: that God may enlighten your heart” or “that God may enlighten your understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EPH 1 18 m5j5 πεφωτισμένους 1 enlightened “made to see”
EPH 1 18 abc4 τῆς κλήσεως αὐτοῦ 1 of his calling The **calling** of God refers to his choosing people to believe in him. Alternate translation: "that you have because he chose you to be his people"
EPH 1 18 h6ig figs-metaphor τῆς κληρονομίας 1 inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers, is spoken of as if one were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 1 18 lg8h ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις 1 all Gods holy people “all those whom he has set apart for himself” or “all those who belong completely to him”
EPH 1 19 t7lx τὸ ὑπερβάλλον μέγεθος τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ 1 the incomparable greatness of his power Gods power is far beyond all other power.
@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ EPH 2 15 bn71 τὸν νόμον τῶν ἐντολῶν ἐν δόγμασι
EPH 2 15 sr2r figs-metaphor ἕνα καινὸν ἄνθρωπον 1 one new man a single new people, the people of redeemed humanity (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 2 15 b628 ἐν αὑτῷ 1 in himself It is union with Christ that makes reconciliation possible between Jews and Gentiles.
EPH 2 16 zz8k ἀποκαταλλάξῃ τοὺς ἀμφοτέρους 1 Christ reconciles both peoples “Christ brings the Jews and the Gentiles together in peace”
EPH 2 16 abc0 figs-metaphor ἐν ἑνὶ σώματι\ 1 as one body The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. Here it is comprised of both Jews and Gentiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 2 16 bj8x figs-metonymy διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 through the cross The cross here represents Christs death on the cross. Alternate translation: “by means of Christs death on the cross” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EPH 2 16 lq3m figs-metaphor ἀποκτείνας τὴν ἔχθραν 1 putting to death the hostility Stopping their hostility is spoken of as if he killed their hostility. By dying on the cross Jesus eliminated the reason for Jews and Gentiles to be hostile toward each other. Neither are now required to live according to the law of Moses. Alternate translation: “stopping them from hating one another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 2 17 vhi8 0 Connecting Statement: Paul tells the Ephesian believers that present Gentile believers are also now made one with the Jewish apostles and prophets; they are a temple for God in the Spirit.
@ -170,6 +172,7 @@ EPH 4 intro ang8 0 # Ephesians 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formattin
EPH 4 1 sb64 0 Connecting Statement: Because of what Paul has been writing to the Ephesians, he tells them how they should live their lives as believers and again emphasizes that believers are to agree with each other.
EPH 4 1 uss5 ὁ δέσμιος ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 as the prisoner for the Lord “as someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord”
EPH 4 1 zxr1 figs-metaphor ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως 1 walk worthily of the calling Walking is a common way to express the idea of living ones life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 1 abc5 τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε 1 of the calling by which you were called Here **the calling** refers to the fact that God chose them to be his people. Alternate translation: "because God chose you to be his people"
EPH 4 2 zs6s μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης καὶ πραΰτητος 1 to live with great humility and gentleness and patience “to learn to be humble, gentle, and patient”
EPH 4 3 pi5c τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης 1 to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace Here Paul speaks of “peace” as if it were a bond that ties people together. This is a metaphor for being united with other people by living peacefully with them. Alternate translation: “to live peacefully with one another and remain united as the Spirit made possible” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 4 x5kv figs-metaphor ἓν σῶμα 1 one body The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -221,6 +224,7 @@ EPH 4 22 d3j6 τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον 1 old man The “old ma
EPH 4 22 qw3d figs-metaphor τὸν φθειρόμενον κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας τῆς ἀπάτης 1 that is corrupt because of its deceitful desires Paul speaks of the sinful human nature as if it were a dead body falling apart in its grave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 23 jy7h figs-activepassive ἀνανεοῦσθαι…τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ νοὸς ὑμῶν 1 to be renewed in the spirit of your minds This may be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: “to allow God to change your attitudes and thoughts” or “to allow God to give you new attitudes and thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EPH 4 24 x41y ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ὁσιότητι τῆς ἀληθείας 1 in true righteousness and holiness “truly righteous and holy”
EPH 4 24 abc7 figs-metaphor ἐνδύσασθαι τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον 1 to put on the new man Here seeking to have the character qualities of the new man is spoken of as if they were putting them on like clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 25 abn8 ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος 1 get rid of lies “stop telling lies”
EPH 4 25 zh2g ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη 1 we are members of one another “we belong to one another” or “we are members of Gods family”
EPH 4 26 w8rw ὀργίζεσθε, καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε 1 Be angry and do not sin “You may get angry, but do not sin” or “If you become angry, do not sin”
@ -239,17 +243,19 @@ EPH 4 32 w7tk εὔσπλαγχνοι 1 tenderhearted being gentle and compassi
EPH 5 intro tdd2 0 # Ephesians 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the words of verse 14.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Inheritance of the kingdom of Christ<br>This is difficult to understand. Some scholars believe those who continue to practice these things will not inherit eternal life. But God can forgive all the sins listed in this verse. So immoral, impure, or greedy people can still receive eternal life if they repent and believe in Jesus. A more natural reading is “No person who is sexually immoral or indecent, or who is greedy (for this is the same as worshiping idols) will be among Gods people over whom Christ rules as king.” (UST) (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wives, submit to your husbands<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
EPH 5 1 wus5 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues to tell the believers how they should and should not live as Gods children.
EPH 5 1 jx2q γίνεσθε οὖν μιμηταὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Therefore be imitators of God “Therefore you should do what God does.” Therefore refers back to [Ephesians 4:32](../04/32.md) which tells why believers should imitate God, because Christ forgave believers.
EPH 5 1 zen5 figs-simile ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά 1 as dearly loved children God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his children. Alternate translation: “as dearly loved children imitate their fathers” or “because you are his children and he loves you dearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EPH 5 1 zen5 figs-simile ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά 1 as beloved children God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his spiritual children. Alternate translation: “as dearly loved children imitate their fathers” or “because you are his children and he loves you dearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EPH 5 2 ta41 figs-metaphor περιπατεῖτε ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 walk in love Walking is a common way to express the idea of living ones life. Alternate translation: “live a life of love” or “always love each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 2 bak1 προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ Θεῷ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας 1 a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God “like a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God”
EPH 5 3 le5f πορνεία δὲ, καὶ ἀκαθαρσία πᾶσα, ἢ πλεονεξία, μηδὲ ὀνομαζέσθω ἐν ὑμῖν 1 But there must not be even a suggestion among you of sexual immorality or any kind of impurity or of greed “Do not do anything that would let anyone think that you are guilty of sexual immorality or any kind of impurity or greed”
EPH 5 3 xat9 ἀκαθαρσία πᾶσα 1 any kind of impurity “any moral uncleanness”
EPH 5 4 utm5 ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον εὐχαριστία 1 Instead there should be thanksgiving “Instead you should thank God”
EPH 5 5 abc6 figs-metaphor ἀκάθαρτος 1 unclean Here being dirty is a metaphor for being sinful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 5 vb16 figs-metaphor κληρονομίαν 1 inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 6 px7p κενοῖς λόγοις 1 empty words words that have no truth to them
EPH 5 8 wy9d figs-metaphor ἦτε γάρ ποτε σκότος 1 For you were once darkness Just as one cannot see in the dark, so people who love to sin lack spiritual understanding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 8 iw4q figs-metaphor νῦν δὲ φῶς ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 but now you are light in the Lord Just as one can see in the light, so people whom God has saved understand how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 8 l6ki figs-metaphor ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε 1 Walk as children of light Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: “Live as people who understand what the Lord wants them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 8 abc5 figs-simile ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς 1 as children of light God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his spiritual children. Alternate translation: “as God's children who know the truth” or “because you are God's children and see the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EPH 5 9 q194 figs-metaphor ὁ…καρπὸς τοῦ φωτὸς ἐν πάσῃ ἀγαθωσύνῃ, καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ, καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 the fruit of the light consists in all goodness, righteousness, and truth “Fruit” here is a metaphor for “result” or “outcome.” Alternate translation: “the result of living in the light is good work, right living, and truthful behavior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 11 zdu1 figs-metaphor μὴ συνκοινωνεῖτε τοῖς ἔργοις τοῖς ἀκάρποις τοῦ σκότους 1 Do not associate with the unfruitful works of darkness Paul speaks of the useless, sinful things that unbelievers do as if they are evil deeds people do in the dark so no one will see them. Alternate translation: “Do not do useless, sinful things with unbelievers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 11 v4d1 figs-metaphor ἔργοις τοῖς ἀκάρποις 1 unfruitful works actions that do nothing good, useful, or profitable. Paul is comparing evil actions to an unhealthy tree that produces nothing good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -274,6 +280,7 @@ EPH 5 19 v3ql figs-metonymy τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν 1 with all your heart
EPH 5 20 e6w5 ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ “because you belong to our Lord Jesus Christ” or “as people who belong to our Lord Jesus Christ”
EPH 5 22 isd7 0 Connecting Statement: Paul begins to explain how Christians are to submit themselves to one another ([Ephesians 5:21](../05/21.md)). He starts with instructions to wives and husbands on how they should act toward each other.
EPH 5 23 x637 figs-metaphor κεφαλὴ τῆς γυναικὸς…κεφαλὴ τῆς ἐκκλησίας 1 the head of the wife…the head of the church The word “head” represents the leader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 23 abc1 figs-metaphor τοῦ σώματος 1 the body The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 25 sx8d 0 General Information: Here the words “himself” and “he” refer to Christ. The word “her” refers to the church.
EPH 5 25 sm9e ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας 1 love your wives Here “love” refers to unselfish serving or giving love to wives.
EPH 5 25 i24y ἑαυτὸν παρέδωκεν 1 gave himself up “allowed people to kill him”
@ -314,6 +321,7 @@ EPH 6 13 cy9h figs-metaphor ἵνα δυνηθῆτε ἀντιστῆναι ἐ
EPH 6 14 r5m7 figs-metaphor στῆτε οὖν 1 Stand, therefore The words “stand” represents successfully resisting or fighting something. See how you translated “stand firm” in [Ephesians 6:13](../06/13.md). “So resist evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 14 lbd4 figs-metaphor τὴν ὀσφὺν ὑμῶν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ 1 the belt of truth Truth holds everything together for a believer just as a belt holds the clothing of a soldier together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 14 zt21 ἀληθείᾳ…δικαιοσύνης 1 truth…righteousness We are to know the truth and act in ways that please God.
EPH 6 14 abc7 figs-metaphor ἐνδυσάμενοι τὸν θώρακα τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 having put on the breastplate of righteousness Christians trusting in righteousness is spoken of as if they were soldiers putting on a breastplate to protect himself from enemy attacks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 14 ij1q figs-metaphor τὸν θώρακα τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 the breastplate of righteousness Possible meanings are (1) the gift of righteousness covers a believers heart just as a breastplate protects the chest of a soldier or (2) our living as God wants us, gives us a clear conscience that protects our hearts the way a breastplate protects a soldiers chest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 15 f6w1 figs-metaphor καὶ ὑποδησάμενοι τοὺς πόδας ἐν ἑτοιμασίᾳ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης 1 Then as shoes for your feet, put on the readiness to proclaim the gospel of peace Just as a soldier wears shoes to give him solid footing, the believer must have solid knowledge of the gospel of peace in order to be ready to proclaim it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 16 n65c figs-metaphor ἐν πᾶσιν ἀναλαβόντες τὸν θυρεὸν τῆς πίστεως 1 In all circumstances take up the shield of faith The believer must use the faith that God gives for protection when the devil attacks, just as a soldier uses a shield to protect him from enemy attacks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -330,5 +338,7 @@ EPH 6 19 gu1n figs-idiom ἀνοίξει τοῦ στόματός μου 1 open
EPH 6 20 wx9k figs-metonymy ὑπὲρ οὗ πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει 1 It is for the gospel that I am an ambassador who is kept in chains The words “in chains” are a metonym for being in prison. Alternate translation: “I am now in prison because I am a representative of the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EPH 6 20 pmm2 figs-explicit ἵνα ἐν αὐτῷ παρρησιάσωμαι, ὡς δεῖ με λαλῆσαι 1 so that I may declare it boldly, as I ought to speak The word “pray” is understood from verse 19. Alternate translation: “so pray that whenever I teach the gospel, I will speak it as boldly as I should” or “pray that I may speak the gospel as boldly as I should” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EPH 6 21 cxs9 translate-names Τυχικὸς 1 Tychicus Tychicus was one of several men who served with Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EPH 6 21 abc2 figs-metaphor ἀδελφὸς 1 brother Paul speaks of Tychicus as if he were a brother to all the other believers who were in God's spiritual family, (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 22 nv5m figs-metonymy ἵνα…παρακαλέσῃ τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 so that he may encourage your hearts Here “hearts” is a metonym for peoples inner beings. Alternate translation: “so that he may encourage you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EPH 6 23 j395 0 Connecting Statement: Paul closes his letter to the Ephesian believers with a blessing of peace and grace on all believers who love Christ.
EPH 6 23 abc3 figs-metaphor ἀδελφοῖς 1 brothers Paul speaks of the other believers as if they were brother to all the other believers who were in God's spiritual family, (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ REV 15 6 w9kw ζώνας 1 sashes A sash is a decorative piece of cloth worn on
REV 15 7 s4dj τῶν τεσσάρων ζῴων 1 the four living creatures “living being” or “living thing.” See how you translated “living creatures” in [Revelation 4:6](../04/06.md)
REV 15 7 z1wz figs-explicit ἑπτὰ φιάλας χρυσᾶς, γεμούσας τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word “wrath” here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. Alternate translation: “seven gold bowls full of the wine that represents the wrath of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
REV 15 8 s67r ἄχρι τελεσθῶσιν αἱ ἑπτὰ πληγαὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀγγέλων 1 until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed “until the seven angels finished sending the seven plagues to the earth”
REV 16 intro v1cm 0 # Revelation 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues the vision of chapter 15. Together they give the seven plagues that complete the wrath of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 5-7.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “I heard a loud voice call out of the temple”<br><br>This is the same temple that was mentioned in chapter 15.<br><br>### Seven bowls of Gods wrath<br><br>This chapter reveals severe judgments. They are pictured as angels pouring out seven bowls of Gods wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>The tone of this chapter is meant to astonish the reader. Translations should not minimize the vivid language expressed in this chapter.<br><br>### Armageddon<br><br>This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate it using the letters of the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])<br>
REV 16 intro v1cm 0 # Revelation 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues the vision of chapter 15. Together they give the seven plagues that complete the wrath of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 5-7.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “I heard a loud voice call out of the temple”<br><br>This is the same temple that was mentioned in chapter 15.<br><br>### Seven bowls of Gods wrath<br><br>This chapter reveals severe judgments. They are pictured as angels pouring out seven bowls of Gods wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>The tone of this chapter is meant to astonish the reader. Translations should not minimize the vivid language expressed in this chapter.<br><br>### Armageddon<br><br>This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate it using the letters of the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
REV 16 1 nj83 0 Connecting Statement: John continues to describe the part of the vision about the seven angels with the seven plagues. The seven plagues are the seven bowls of Gods wrath.
REV 16 1 t995 ἤκουσα 1 I heard The word “I” refers to John.
REV 16 1 k2nq figs-explicit φιάλας τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 bowls of Gods wrath The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word “wrath” here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 15:7](../15/07.md). Alternate translation: “bowls full of the wine that represents Gods wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
693 REV 15 7 s4dj τῶν τεσσάρων ζῴων 1 the four living creatures “living being” or “living thing.” See how you translated “living creatures” in [Revelation 4:6](../04/06.md)
694 REV 15 7 z1wz figs-explicit ἑπτὰ φιάλας χρυσᾶς, γεμούσας τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word “wrath” here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. Alternate translation: “seven gold bowls full of the wine that represents the wrath of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
695 REV 15 8 s67r ἄχρι τελεσθῶσιν αἱ ἑπτὰ πληγαὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀγγέλων 1 until the seven plagues of the seven angels were completed “until the seven angels finished sending the seven plagues to the earth”
696 REV 16 intro v1cm 0 # Revelation 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues the vision of chapter 15. Together they give the seven plagues that complete the wrath of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 5-7.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “I heard a loud voice call out of the temple”<br><br>This is the same temple that was mentioned in chapter 15.<br><br>### Seven bowls of God’s wrath<br><br>This chapter reveals severe judgments. They are pictured as angels pouring out seven bowls of God’s wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>The tone of this chapter is meant to astonish the reader. Translations should not minimize the vivid language expressed in this chapter.<br><br>### Armageddon<br><br>This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate it using the letters of the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])<br> # Revelation 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues the vision of chapter 15. Together they give the seven plagues that complete the wrath of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wrath]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 5-7.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “I heard a loud voice call out of the temple”<br><br>This is the same temple that was mentioned in chapter 15.<br><br>### Seven bowls of God’s wrath<br><br>This chapter reveals severe judgments. They are pictured as angels pouring out seven bowls of God’s wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>The tone of this chapter is meant to astonish the reader. Translations should not minimize the vivid language expressed in this chapter.<br><br>### Armageddon<br><br>This is a Hebrew word. It is the name of a place. John used the sounds of the Hebrew word and wrote them with Greek letters. Translators are encouraged to transliterate it using the letters of the target language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
697 REV 16 1 nj83 0 Connecting Statement: John continues to describe the part of the vision about the seven angels with the seven plagues. The seven plagues are the seven bowls of God’s wrath.
698 REV 16 1 t995 ἤκουσα 1 I heard The word “I” refers to John.
699 REV 16 1 k2nq figs-explicit φιάλας τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 bowls of God’s wrath The image of the wine in the bowls can be stated clearly. The word “wrath” here refers to punishment. The wine is a symbol for punishment. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Revelation 15:7](../15/07.md). Alternate translation: “bowls full of the wine that represents God’s wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])