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en_tn_41-MAT.tsv

@@ -468,7 +468,6 @@ MAT	8	34	j6sp	figs-metonymy	πᾶσα ἡ πόλις	1	the whole city	The word *
 MAT	8	34	xb5x	figs-hyperbole	πᾶσα ἡ πόλις	1	the whole city	The word **whole** is an exaggeration to emphasize how very many people came out to see Jesus. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent expression from your language that shows this. Alternate translation: “many of the people in the city (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 MAT	9	intro	tg41			0		# Matthew 9 General Notes<br><br>## Structure<br><br>## Formatting<br><br>## Special Concepts in this Chapter<br><br>## Figures of Speech<br><br>## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter
 MAT	9	1	lje9	figs-explicit	διεπέρασεν	1	into his own city	Here, Matthew does not specify that Jesus **crossed over** the Sea of Galilee. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “he crossed over the Sea of Galilee” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-MAT	9	2	i6xp	writing-newevent	ἰδοὺ	1	behold	Here, **behold** introduces a new event that happened some time after the events the story has just related. The story does not say how long after those events this new event happened. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “When they arrived in Jesus’ town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
 MAT	9	2	szd4	translate-unknown	παραλυτικὸν	1	they were bringing	See how you translated **paralytic** in [4:24](../04/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 MAT	9	2	iys2	figs-activepassive	ἀφίενταί σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι	1	Your sins are forgiven	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have forgiven your sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	9	4	u643	figs-explicit	ἰδὼν…τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν	1	having known their thoughts	This phrase implies that Jesus had supernatural knowledge. It indicates that Jesus knew what the scribes were saying even though he did not hear what they said. If it would be helpful to your readers, your could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “even though no one told Jesus, he knew” or “even though Jesus had not heard them, he was fully aware”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -485,7 +484,7 @@ MAT	9	10	f9lh	figs-metonymy	ἁμαρτωλοὶ	1	sinners	Here, **sinners** ref
 MAT	9	11	z4h5	figs-rquestion	διὰ τί μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίει ὁ διδάσκαλος ὑμῶν?	1	For what reason does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?	The Pharisees use this question to criticize what Jesus is doing. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Your teacher should not eat with tax collectors and sinners!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 MAT	9	12	m7fm	figs-explicit	ὁ δὲ ἀκούσας	1	But he, having heard this	Here, **this** refers to the question the Pharisees asked about Jesus eating with tax collectors and sinners. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “When Jesus heard the Pharisees ask this question” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 MAT	9	12	tl42	writing-proverbs	οὐ χρείαν ἔχουσιν οἱ ἰσχύοντες ἰατροῦ, ἀλλὰ οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες	1	Those who are strong in body do not have need of a physician, but those who have sickness	Jesus begins his response by quoting or creating a proverb, a short saying about something that is generally true in life. This proverb draws a figurative comparison. Just as sick people need to see a doctor to be healed, so sinners need to see Jesus in order to be forgiven and restored. But since Jesus explains the comparison in the next verse, you do not need to explain it here. Rather, you can translate the proverb itself in a way that will be meaningful in your language and culture. Alternate translation: “People who are well do not need to see a doctor, but people who are unwell do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
-MAT	9	12	uhc5		οἱ ἰσχύοντες	1	Those who are strong in body	Those who **have sickness** are equated with those who are wanting to be saved by Jesus. The **healthy** are equated with those who do not think they need Jesus. Jesus does not actually think those who do not want him are spiritually sound, but rather, that they are needy. He says this because those people think they are healthy in their own eyes and do not need Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, consider expressing the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Those who suppose themselves to be healthy do not need a doctor. It is those who know that they are sick who need a doctor”. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
+MAT	9	12	uhc5	figs-irony	οἱ ἰσχύοντες	1	Those who are strong in body	Those who **have sickness** are equated with those who are wanting to be saved by Jesus. The **healthy** are equated with those who do not think they need Jesus. Jesus does not actually think those who do not want him are spiritually sound, but rather, that they are needy. He says this because those people think they are healthy in their own eyes and do not need Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, consider expressing the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Those who suppose themselves to be healthy do not need a doctor. It is those who know that they are sick who need a doctor”. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
 MAT	9	12	n33c	figs-ellipsis	οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες	1	those who have sickness	The phrase “need a physician” is understood from the previous phrase. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “people who are sick need a physician” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 MAT	9	13	a886	figs-ellipsis	ἀλλὰ ἁμαρτωλούς	1	the righteous	The words **I did not come to call** are understood from the phrase before this. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “but I came to call sinners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 MAT	9	14	k8vc	grammar-connect-time-sequential	τότε	1	do not fast	The word **Then** indicates that the events the story will now relate came after the event it has just described. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could show this relationship by using a fuller phrase. Alternate translation: “After Jesus said this,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
@@ -522,12 +521,12 @@ MAT	9	26	pfq3	figs-synecdoche	εἰς ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην
 MAT	9	27	d8bu	figs-explicit	ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς	1	Have mercy on us	Here, **Have mercy** means that they want Jesus to heal them from their blindness. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Heal us from our blindness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 MAT	9	27	dh5d	translate-kinship	Υἱὲ Δαυείδ	1	Son of David	Jesus was not David’s literal **Son**, but his descendant. The title **Son of David** is also an important messianic title. Make sure this is clear to your readers. Alternate translation: “Descendant of King David, the Messiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship]])
 MAT	9	28	e81f	figs-ellipsis	ναί, Κύριε	1	Yes, Lord	The two blind men are leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “Yes, Lord, we believe you can heal us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-MAT	9	29	w92e	figs-activepassive	κατὰ τὴν πίστιν ὑμῶν γενηθήτω ὑμῖν	1	Let it happen to you according to your faith	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will heal you it based on how much you have believed in me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-MAT	9	30	uk2a	figs-idiom	ἠνεῴχθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί	1	their eyes were opened	Here, **their eyes were opened** is an idiom that means they were able to see. Their eyes were already physically open. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “they were made able to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-MAT	9	30	qa39	figs-activepassive	ἠνεῴχθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί	1	their eyes were opened	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jesus made them able to see” or “Jesus caused them to be able to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+MAT	9	29	w92e	figs-activepassive	κατὰ τὴν πίστιν ὑμῶν γενηθήτω ὑμῖν	1	Let it happen to you according to your faith	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will heal you, since you have believed in me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+MAT	9	30	uk2a	figs-idiom	ἠνεῴχθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί	1	their eyes were opened	Here, **their eyes were opened** is an idiom that means they were able to see. Their eyes were already physically open. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “their sight was restored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+MAT	9	30	qa39	figs-activepassive	ἠνεῴχθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί	1	their eyes were opened	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jesus restored their sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	9	30	t6p8	figs-idiom	ὁρᾶτε μηδεὶς γινωσκέτω	1	See that no one knows about this	Here, **See** is figurative, meaning to be sure to do something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “Be sure no one finds out about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 MAT	9	32	sh32	translate-unknown	ἄνθρωπον κωφὸν	1	mute	A person who is **mute** is someone who is not able to speak. Use an expression from your language that describes someone who is unable to talk. Alternate translation: “a person who was unable to say anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-MAT	9	32	n6fs	figs-activepassive	ἄνθρωπον κωφὸν δαιμονιζόμενον	1	a mute, demon-possessed man	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a man whom a demon was controlling and making him mute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+MAT	9	32	n6fs	figs-activepassive	ἄνθρωπον κωφὸν δαιμονιζόμενον	1	a mute, demon-possessed man	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a man who had a demon that controlled him and made him mute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	9	33	y4l5	figs-activepassive	οὐδέποτε ἐφάνη οὕτως	1	Such as this has never been seen	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one has ever seen anything such as this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	9	34	z2r7	figs-explicit	ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων	1	he casts out the demons	Here, **the ruler of the demons** would have been understood by Jesus’ audience as being Satan. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “By Satan, who rules the demons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 MAT	9	35	x9ck	figs-hyperbole	τὰς πόλεις πάσας	1	all the cities	The word **all** is an exaggeration to emphasize how many **cities** Jesus went to. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language. Alternate translation: “many of the cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
@@ -554,8 +553,7 @@ MAT	10	6	q1pb	figs-metaphor	τὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴ
 MAT	10	6	b6i2	figs-metonymy	οἴκου Ἰσραήλ	1	of the house of Israel	The **house of Israel** refers to the people who came from the family line of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “of the people of Israel” or “of the descendants of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAT	10	7	w59i	figs-metonymy	ἤγγικεν ἡ Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν	1	The kingdom of the heavens has come near	See how you translated this in [3:2](../03/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAT	10	8	bb4d	figs-idiom	νεκροὺς ἐγείρετε	1	raise the dead	Here, **raise the dead** is an idiom meaning to bring people who are dead back to life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “cause the dead to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-MAT	10	8	kk2m	figs-litany	ἀσθενοῦντας θεραπεύετε, νεκροὺς ἐγείρετε, λεπροὺς καθαρίζετε, δαιμόνια ἐκβάλλετε	1		Here, Jesus uses a repetitive series of sentences to tell his disciples what they ought to go out and do. These are all ways that the disciples can help people. Use a form in your language that someone would use to list things that someone should go and do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litany]])
-MAT	10	8	ilj9	figs-ellipsis	δωρεὰν ἐλάβετε, δωρεὰν δότε	1	Freely you have received, freely give	Jesus did not state what the disciples had **received** or were to **give**. Some languages may require this information in the sentence. This is referring to the abilities which Jesus gave to the disciples in [4:2](../04/02.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “I have given these abilities to you without cost, so you should use them to help others without cost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
+MAT	10	8	ilj9	figs-explicit	δωρεὰν ἐλάβετε, δωρεὰν δότε	1	Freely you have received, freely give	Jesus did not state what the disciples had **received** or were to **give**. Some languages may require this information in the sentence. This is referring to the abilities which Jesus gave to the disciples in [4:2](../04/02.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I have given these abilities to you without cost, so you should use them to help others without cost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 MAT	10	9	b4m7	translate-unknown	μὴ κτήσησθε χρυσὸν, μηδὲ ἄργυρον, μηδὲ χαλκὸν εἰς τὰς ζώνας ὑμῶν	1	purses	Their **belts** were a long strip of cloth or leather worn around the waist. They were often wide enough that they could be folded and used to carry money. If your readers would not use a belt for this purpose, you can express this with the word for whatever you use to carry money. Alternate translation: “Do not carry money with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 MAT	10	9	a4xx	figs-metonymy	χρυσὸν, μηδὲ ἄργυρον, μηδὲ χαλκὸν	1	gold, or silver, or copper	**gold**, silver** and **copper** are metals out of which coins were made. This list is a metonym for money. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “valuable metals” or “money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAT	10	10	kia9	translate-unknown	πήραν	1	a bag	A **bag** is a flexible container in which a person can carry their belongings. If your language does not have a word for this, you can use something in your culture that you put things in to carry them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
@@ -571,11 +569,11 @@ MAT	10	15	zmm2	figs-explicit	τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ	1	for that city	Her
 MAT	10	16	b262	figs-simile	ὡς πρόβατα ἐν μέσῳ λύκων	1	as sheep in the midst of wolves	Sheep are defenseless animals that **wolves** often attack. Jesus is stating that people who are as dangerous as **wolves** may harm the disciples, who are defenseless like **sheep**. Jesus is not using the same sheep metaphor as he used in [10:6](../10/06.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “as defenseless as sheep among people who are like dangerous wolves” or “to dangerous places where people might attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 MAT	10	16	s21a	figs-simile	γίνεσθε…φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις καὶ ἀκέραιοι ὡς αἱ περιστεραί	1	be wise as the serpents and harmless as the doves	Jesus is telling the disciples they must be cautious like **serpents** and **harmless** like *doves** around the dangerous the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “act with wisdom and caution as well as with innocence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 MAT	10	17	fct4	translate-unknown	συνέδρια	1	councils	The **councils** were groups of leaders who helped solve issues among people in their community. They acted like a court. If your readers would not be familiar with this, you could use a term in your language for something like this, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “members of their community who are in authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-MAT	10	18	pe3d	figs-activepassive	ἀχθήσεσθε	1	you will even be brought	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Matthew implies that “the men” mentioned in the previous verse did it. Alternate translation: “the men will bring you” or “people will bring you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-MAT	10	18	p74k	grammar-connect-logic-result	ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνας δὲ καὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθε ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ	1	for my sake	If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the first phrase. Alternate translation: “because you are my disciples, they will bring you before rulers and kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
-MAT	10	19	e5t6		ὅταν δὲ παραδῶσιν ὑμᾶς	1	But when they may deliver you up	Here, **they** are the same people as in [10:17](../10/17.md). Alternate translation: “But when people take you to the councils”
+MAT	10	18	pe3d	figs-activepassive	καὶ…ἀχθήσεσθε	1	you will even be brought	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Matthew implies that “the men” mentioned in the previous verse did it. Alternate translation: “the men will even bring you” or “people will even bring you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+MAT	10	18	p74k	grammar-connect-logic-result	καὶ ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνας δὲ καὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθε ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ	1	for my sake	If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the first phrase. Alternate translation: “because you are my disciples, they will bring you before rulers and kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+MAT	10	19	e5t6	writing-pronouns	ὅταν δὲ παραδῶσιν ὑμᾶς	1	But when they may deliver you up	The pronoun **they** refers to the same people as in [10:17](../10/17.md). It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “But when people take you to the councils”  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
 MAT	10	19	ien3	figs-hendiadys	πῶς ἢ τί λαλήσητε	1	how or what you should speak	This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **or**. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use **or**. Alternate translation: “what you might say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
-MAT	10	19	l7rb	figs-activepassive	δοθήσεται γὰρ ὑμῖν…τί λαλήσητε	1	for what you should say will be given to you in that hour	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for God will give to you what you should say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+MAT	10	19	l7rb	figs-activepassive	δοθήσεται γὰρ ὑμῖν ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ τί λαλήσητε	1	for what you should say will be given to you in that hour	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for God will give to you what you should say in that hour” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	10	19	gosj	figs-idiom	δοθήσεται…ὑμῖν	1		Here, **will be given to you** is figurative for God telling the disciples what to say in this situation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “God will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 MAT	10	19	cm7h	figs-metonymy	ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	in that hour	Here, **in that hour** means “at that time”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “when you need it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAT	10	20	vjlm	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1		What follows the word **but** here is in contrast to what was before it. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “but rather” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
@@ -592,7 +590,7 @@ MAT	10	22	k5w9	figs-genericnoun	ὁ…ὑπομείνας	1	the one who endures
 MAT	10	22	qn7j	figs-activepassive	οὗτος σωθήσεται	1	he will be saved	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	10	23	m42z	figs-genericnoun	ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ	1	in this city	Here, **this** does not refer to a specific **city**, but cities in general. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “in a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 MAT	10	23	jjd4	figs-ellipsis	φεύγετε εἰς τὴν ἑτέραν	1	flee to the next	Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “flee to the next city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-MAT	10	23	dk4u	figs-123person	Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	Son of Man	Here, Jesus is referring to himself when he says **Son of Man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you can clarify. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
+MAT	10	23	dk4u	figs-123person	ἔλθῃ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	Son of Man	Here, Jesus is referring to himself when he says **Son of Man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you can clarify. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 MAT	10	23	tm8z	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	may come	**Son of Man** is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
 MAT	10	24	p8mr	writing-proverbs	οὐκ ἔστιν μαθητὴς ὑπὲρ τὸν διδάσκαλον, οὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν κύριον αὐτοῦ	1	A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a slave above his master	Jesus is using a proverb to teach his disciples a general truth. Jesus is emphasizing that the disciples should not expect people to treat them any better than the people treat Jesus, who is more important than they are. You can translate the proverb itself in a way that will be recognized as a proverb and be meaningful in your language and culture.(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
 MAT	10	24	syb2	figs-ellipsis	οὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν κύριον αὐτοῦ	1	A disciple is not above his teacher	Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “nor is a slave above his master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
@@ -610,7 +608,7 @@ MAT	10	27	fc49	figs-idiom	ὃ εἰς τὸ οὖς ἀκούετε	1	what you h
 MAT	10	27	v1b7	figs-metonymy	κηρύξατε ἐπὶ τῶν δωμάτων	1		Here, **housetops** refers to any high place where all people can hear a person speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “speak loudly in a public place where many people can hear you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAT	10	28	pk7k	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	δὲ	2	But instead, fear the one who is able	Matthew contrasts fear of people with with fear of God by using the phrase **But instead**. People are only able to kill our physical bodies, but God is ** the one being able** to destroy both our physical bodies and our spiritual souls. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But rather” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 MAT	10	28	w5rq	figs-metaphor	Γεέννῃ	1		Jesus uses the name of **Gehenna**, where refuse was thrown and fires burned continually, to mean hell. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in plain language. Alternative translation: “Hell” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-MAT	10	28	x3y1	translate-names	Γεέννῃ	1		Gehenna is the name for a place, the Valley of Hinnom, just outside of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+MAT	10	28	x3y1	translate-names	Γεέννῃ	1		Gehenna is the name for a place, the Valley of Hinnom, just outside of Jerusalem. This was a place where people were constantly burning trash. Jesus draws the imagery of hell from this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 MAT	10	29	tm3s	writing-proverbs	οὐχὶ δύο στρουθία ἀσσαρίου πωλεῖται? καὶ ἓν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐ πεσεῖται ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν	1	Are not two sparrows sold for an assarion?	Jesus uses this proverb to express that even though sparrows are worth very little money, God still watches over them because he created them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
 MAT	10	29	glbl	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ δύο στρουθία ἀσσαρίου πωλεῖται?	1	Are not two sparrows sold for an assarion?	Jesus uses this question to teach his disciples about how much God cares about them. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Sparrows have so little value that you can buy two of them for only one small coin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 MAT	10	29	q22l	translate-unknown	στρουθία	1	sparrows	These **sparrows** are very small, seed-eating birds. Alternate translation: “small birds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
@@ -618,6 +616,7 @@ MAT	10	29	i399	translate-unknown	ἀσσαρίου	1	for an assarion	An **assari
 MAT	10	29	zayd	figs-activepassive	οὐχὶ δύο στρουθία ἀσσαρίου πωλεῖται	1		If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do people not sell two sparrows for an assarion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	10	29	wxt4	figs-doublenegatives	ἓν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐ πεσεῖται ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν	1	not one of them will fall to the ground without the knowledge of your Father	If this double negative would be misunderstood in your language, you could translate it as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “your Father knows when even one sparrow falls to the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 MAT	10	29	id3c	figs-euphemism	πεσεῖται ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν	1	Here, **fall upon the ground** is a polite way of referring to something unpleasant. If this would be misunderstood in your language, use a different polite way of referring to this or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “does not die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])	Here, **will fall to the ground** is a polite way of referring to the sparrow dying. If it would be helpful in your language, use a different polite way of referring to this or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
+MAT	10	29	us0e	figs-explicit	ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν	1		When Jesus says **apart from your Father**, he means apart from the will of your Father. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “apart from the will of your Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 MAT	10	29	fe8z	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν	1	of your Father	**Father** is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
 MAT	10	30	cih3	figs-activepassive	ὑμῶν…καὶ αἱ τρίχες τῆς κεφαλῆς πᾶσαι ἠριθμημέναι εἰσίν	1	even the hairs of your head are all numbered	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God even knows how many hairs are on your head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 MAT	10	32	n1nb	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῦ Πατρός μου	1	my Father	**Father** is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])