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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ RUT 2 3 ab11 מִ⁠מִּשְׁפַּ֖חַת אֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ 1 from
RUT 2 4 vys2 figs-informremind וְ⁠הִנֵּה 1 Behold, The word **Behold** alerts us to the important event of Boaz arriving at the field and seeing Ruth for the first time. Your language may also have a specific way of alerting someone to pay careful attention to what happens next in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
RUT 2 4 q1lv בָּ֚א מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם 1 came from Bethlehem The fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem.
RUT 2 4 r4bl יְבָרֶכְ⁠ךָ֥ יְהוָֽה 1 May Yahweh bless you ***May Yahweh do good things for you***. This is a general blessing.
RUT 2 5 a5ht לְ⁠מִ֖י הַ⁠נַּעֲרָ֥ה הַ⁠זֹּֽאת 1 Whose is this young woman? In that culture, women were under the authority of their male relatives. Boaz was asking who Ruth’s husband or father might be.
RUT 2 5 a5ht לְ⁠מִ֖י הַ⁠נַּעֲרָ֥ה הַ⁠זֹּֽאת 1 Whose is this young woman? In that culture, women were under the authority of their male relatives. Boaz was asking who Ruth’s husband or father might be. He did not think that Ruth was a slave.
RUT 2 5 ab16 לְ⁠נַעֲר֔⁠וֹ 1 to his servant This ***servant*** was a young man who worked for Boaz and who told the rest of Boaz’s workers what to do.
RUT 2 5 sdf9 הַ⁠נִּצָּ֖ב עַל 1 who was set over ***who was in charge of*** or ***who was managing***
RUT 2 7 ab17 אֲלַקֳטָה־ נָּא֙ 1 please let me glean To ***glean*** meant to pick up grain or other produce that the workers dropped or missed as they were harvesting. This was part of the law that God gave to Moses, that the workers should not go back over the field for this produce, so that it would be left in the field for the poor or for foreign travelers to pick up. See verses such as Leviticus 19:10 and Deuteronomy 24:21.
@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ RUT 2 11 ab14 figs-doublet וַ⁠יַּ֤עַן בֹּ֨עַז֙ וַ⁠יֹּ
RUT 2 11 app6 figs-activepassive הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד לִ֗⁠י 1 Everything has fully been reported to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: ***People have reported to me*** or ***People have told me*** (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
RUT 2 11 abc9 figs-idiom הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד 1 Everything has fully been reported Here two forms of the word for **report** are repeated in the original Hebrew text to emphasize the certainty or extent of the statement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
RUT 2 11 r44n figs-metonymy וַ⁠תֵּ֣לְכִ֔י אֶל־עַ֕ם 1 and have come to a people Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion that she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
RUT 2 11 ab60 figs-idiom תְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ 1 the day before yesterday This is an idiom that means “recently” or “previously”
RUT 2 12 x5ct יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה פָּעֳלֵ֑⁠ךְ 1 May Yahweh reward your work ***May Yahweh repay you*** or ***May Yahweh pay you back***
RUT 2 12 s2vm פָּעֳלֵ֑⁠ךְ 1 your work This refers to everything that Boaz has just described in verse 11. Alternate translation: “your good deeds.”
RUT 2 12 gnn5 figs-parallelism וּ⁠תְהִ֨י מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜⁠ךְ שְׁלֵמָ֗ה מֵ⁠עִ֤ם יְהוָה֙ 1 may your full wages come from Yahweh This is a poetic expression that is very similar to the previous sentence. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh fully give to you everything that you deserve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) [Doublet](../figs-doublet/01.md)
@ -233,6 +234,7 @@ RUT 4 9 img5 כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֶֽ⁠אֱלִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְ⁠
RUT 4 10 jdr0 grammar-connect-words-phrases וְ⁠גַ֣ם 1 Connecting Statement: This connecting phrase indicates that the people sitting at the gate are witnesses to the fact that Boaz is buying back Elimelek’s family land for Naomi (4:9) and also to the fact that Boaz is claiming Ruth to be his wife (4:10). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
RUT 4 10 nm32 לְ⁠הָקִ֤ים שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּת֙ עַל־נַ֣חֲלָת֔⁠וֹ 1 to raise up the name of the dead man over his inheritance See how you translated this phrase in 4:5. Alternate translation: “so that I might give her a son who will inherit the dead man’s property”
RUT 4 10 gg1m figs-metaphor וְ⁠לֹא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּ֛ת מֵ⁠עִ֥ם אֶחָ֖י⁠ו 1 so that his name will not be cut off from among his brothers and from the gate of his place Being forgotten is spoken of as if one’s name were being cut off from a list of people who had lived earlier. Alternate translation: “so that he will not be forgotten by his brothers’ descendants and by the people of this town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
RUT 4 10 ab61 figs-doublenegatives וְ⁠לֹא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּ֛ת 1 so that his name will not be cut off This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “so that his name will be preserved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
RUT 4 10 xpu5 Figs-metonymy וּ⁠מִ⁠שַּׁ֣עַר מְקוֹמ֑⁠וֹ 1 and from the gate of his place The gate of the town is where the leaders gathered and made important legal decisions, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land. Alternate translation: “and among the important people of his town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
RUT 4 10 ab45 עֵדִ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 you are witnesses today ***You have seen and heard these things today, and can speak of them tomorrow***
RUT 4 11 ua2a הָ⁠עָ֧ם אֲשֶׁר־בַּ⁠שַּׁ֛עַר 1 the people who were in the gate ***the people who were meeting together near the gate***

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
81 RUT 2 4 vys2 figs-informremind וְ⁠הִנֵּה 1 Behold, The word **Behold** alerts us to the important event of Boaz arriving at the field and seeing Ruth for the first time. Your language may also have a specific way of alerting someone to pay careful attention to what happens next in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
82 RUT 2 4 q1lv בָּ֚א מִ⁠בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם 1 came from Bethlehem The fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem.
83 RUT 2 4 r4bl יְבָרֶכְ⁠ךָ֥ יְהוָֽה 1 May Yahweh bless you ***May Yahweh do good things for you***. This is a general blessing.
84 RUT 2 5 a5ht לְ⁠מִ֖י הַ⁠נַּעֲרָ֥ה הַ⁠זֹּֽאת 1 Whose is this young woman? In that culture, women were under the authority of their male relatives. Boaz was asking who Ruth’s husband or father might be. In that culture, women were under the authority of their male relatives. Boaz was asking who Ruth’s husband or father might be. He did not think that Ruth was a slave.
85 RUT 2 5 ab16 לְ⁠נַעֲר֔⁠וֹ 1 to his servant This ***servant*** was a young man who worked for Boaz and who told the rest of Boaz’s workers what to do.
86 RUT 2 5 sdf9 הַ⁠נִּצָּ֖ב עַל 1 who was set over ***who was in charge of*** or ***who was managing***
87 RUT 2 7 ab17 אֲלַקֳטָה־ נָּא֙ 1 please let me glean To ***glean*** meant to pick up grain or other produce that the workers dropped or missed as they were harvesting. This was part of the law that God gave to Moses, that the workers should not go back over the field for this produce, so that it would be left in the field for the poor or for foreign travelers to pick up. See verses such as Leviticus 19:10 and Deuteronomy 24:21.
104 RUT 2 11 app6 figs-activepassive הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד לִ֗⁠י 1 Everything has fully been reported to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: ***People have reported to me*** or ***People have told me*** (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
105 RUT 2 11 abc9 figs-idiom הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֜ד 1 Everything has fully been reported Here two forms of the word for **report** are repeated in the original Hebrew text to emphasize the certainty or extent of the statement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
106 RUT 2 11 r44n figs-metonymy וַ⁠תֵּ֣לְכִ֔י אֶל־עַ֕ם 1 and have come to a people Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion that she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
107 RUT 2 11 ab60 figs-idiom תְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ 1 the day before yesterday This is an idiom that means “recently” or “previously”
108 RUT 2 12 x5ct יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה פָּעֳלֵ֑⁠ךְ 1 May Yahweh reward your work ***May Yahweh repay you*** or ***May Yahweh pay you back***
109 RUT 2 12 s2vm פָּעֳלֵ֑⁠ךְ 1 your work This refers to everything that Boaz has just described in verse 11. Alternate translation: “your good deeds.”
110 RUT 2 12 gnn5 figs-parallelism וּ⁠תְהִ֨י מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜⁠ךְ שְׁלֵמָ֗ה מֵ⁠עִ֤ם יְהוָה֙ 1 may your full wages come from Yahweh This is a poetic expression that is very similar to the previous sentence. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh fully give to you everything that you deserve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) [Doublet](../figs-doublet/01.md)
234 RUT 4 10 jdr0 grammar-connect-words-phrases וְ⁠גַ֣ם 1 Connecting Statement: This connecting phrase indicates that the people sitting at the gate are witnesses to the fact that Boaz is buying back Elimelek’s family land for Naomi (4:9) and also to the fact that Boaz is claiming Ruth to be his wife (4:10). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
235 RUT 4 10 nm32 לְ⁠הָקִ֤ים שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּת֙ עַל־נַ֣חֲלָת֔⁠וֹ 1 to raise up the name of the dead man over his inheritance See how you translated this phrase in 4:5. Alternate translation: “so that I might give her a son who will inherit the dead man’s property”
236 RUT 4 10 gg1m figs-metaphor וְ⁠לֹא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּ֛ת מֵ⁠עִ֥ם אֶחָ֖י⁠ו 1 so that his name will not be cut off from among his brothers and from the gate of his place Being forgotten is spoken of as if one’s name were being cut off from a list of people who had lived earlier. Alternate translation: “so that he will not be forgotten by his brothers’ descendants and by the people of this town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
237 RUT 4 10 ab61 figs-doublenegatives וְ⁠לֹא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־הַ⁠מֵּ֛ת 1 so that his name will not be cut off This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “so that his name will be preserved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
238 RUT 4 10 xpu5 Figs-metonymy וּ⁠מִ⁠שַּׁ֣עַר מְקוֹמ֑⁠וֹ 1 and from the gate of his place The gate of the town is where the leaders gathered and made important legal decisions, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land. Alternate translation: “and among the important people of his town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
239 RUT 4 10 ab45 עֵדִ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם הַ⁠יּֽוֹם 1 you are witnesses today ***You have seen and heard these things today, and can speak of them tomorrow***
240 RUT 4 11 ua2a הָ⁠עָ֧ם אֲשֶׁר־בַּ⁠שַּׁ֛עַר 1 the people who were in the gate ***the people who were meeting together near the gate***