DCS-Mirror
/
unfoldingWord_en_tn
mirror of https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn
2
0
Fork 0
Files Issues Releases Wiki Activity See in Reader

Merge pull request 'Stephen's edits to 2 Corinthians' (#3054) from stephenwunrow-tc-create-1 into master 

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3054
This commit is contained in:
Larry Sallee 2022-12-15 21:38:47 +00:00
parent 302bfd2fe6 05fa9185f3
commit 5c1f4903ef
1 changed files with 384 additions and 146 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

530
en_tn_48-2CO.tsv
View File

@ -694,158 +694,396 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
2CO 5 21 kmt9 figs-possession δικαιοσύνη Θεοῦ 1 so that we might become the righteousness of God in him Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe **righteousness** that could: (1) come from **God**. Alternate translation: “righteousness from God” (2) belong to **God**. Alternate translation: “God’s own righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 5 21 ebz2 figs-abstractnouns ἡμεῖς γενώμεθα δικαιοσύνη Θεοῦ 1 The one who did not know sin If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **righteousness**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “righteous.” Make sure your translation fits with how you understand what **righteousness of God** means. Alternate translation: “God might make us righteous” or “we might be righteous because of what God does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 5 21 cypg figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ 1 Here Paul uses the spatial metaphor **in him** to describe the union of believers with Christ. In this case, being **in him**, or united to Christ, explains how people **become the righteousness of God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that indicates that being united to Christ is the means by which people receive the **righteousness**. Alternate translation: “by being united to him” or “as God unites us to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 intro f5qu 0 # 2 Corinthians 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verses 2 and 16-18, which are words from the Old Testament.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Servants\n\nPaul refers to Christians as servants of God. God calls Christians to serve him in all circumstances. Paul describes some of the difficult circumstances in which he and his companions served God.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Contrasts\n\nPaul uses four pairs of contrasts: righteousness versus lawlessness, light versus darkness, Christ versus Satan, and the temple of God versus idols. These contrasts show a difference between Christians and non-Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/light]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/darkness]])\n\n### Light and darkness\n\nThe Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nPaul uses a series of rhetorical questions to teach his readers. All of these questions make essentially the same point: Christians should not intimately fellowship with those who live in sin. Paul repeats these questions for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Long list\n\n### Exclusive we\n\nPaul likely uses the pronoun “we” to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people.
2CO 6 intro f5qu 0 # 2 Corinthians 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n4. Paul’s ministry (2:14–7:4)\n * The gospel (5:11–6:2)\n * Proofs of ministry (6:3–10)\n * Join with fellow believers, not unbelievers (6:11–7:4)\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the quotations from the Old Testament in [6:2](../06/02.md) and [6:16–18](../06/16.md).\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Commendation of ministry\n\nIn [6:3–4](../06/03.md), Paul tells the Corinthians that he avoids doing anything that would cause offense and lead to people blaming ministry. In fact, he and those with him “commend themselves” in many ways, and he provides a list of those ways in [6:4–10](../06/04.md). Paul commends their ministry in this way because other people in Corinth were claiming that Paul was not a good apostle or minister for Christ. They claimed that they were better ministers for Christ. Paul responds here by listing what he and those with him do and experience as true ministers of Christ. Make sure that you express the list so that it shows that Paul and those with him are true ministers of Christ. \n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### “Weapons of righteousness”\n\nIn [6:7](../06/07.md), Paul states that he and with him “weapons of righteousness” for both hands. He could mean that “righteousness”: (1) is the “weapons” (2) is defended by the “weapons” (3) characterizes the “weapons.” Also the idea that the “weapons” are for both hands could indicate that: (1) Paul and those with him have an offensive weapon in one hand and a defensive weapon in the other hand (2) Paul and those with him can defend against enemies coming from any direction. Paul does not state whom he is fighting against with these “weapons,” but it is probably sin, evil powers, and people who oppose his ministry. See the notes on this verse for translation options. \n\n### “Opening” the heart\n\nIn [6:11–13](../06/11.md), Paul speaks about “opening” the heart and, in contrast, being “restricted.” He is speaking about loving other people as if it were an “open” heart and failing to love other people as it were a “restriction” in one’s insides. If your culture can express the idea of love by referring to where in their bodies people feel love, you could do so in these verses. Otherwise, you could use a comparable metaphor or plain language. See the notes on these verses for translation options. \n\n### The temple of the living God\n\nIn [6:16](../06/16.md), Paul claims that believers are “the temple of the living God.” In the last part of the verse, he quotes from the Old Testament to prove that this is true. This quotation also shows that the identification of God’s people with the temple indicates that God is with his people and treats them as his people. Since the temple is a very important part of Paul’s culture, you should preserve the temple language. If your readers would not understand the metaphor, you could express it as a simile or explain it in a footnote. See the notes on this verse for translation options. \n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nIn [6:14–16](../06/14.md), Paul asks five questions, and each question assumes that the answer is “none” or “nothing.” Paul asks these questions to include the Corinthians in what he is arguing, not because he is looking for information. If your language does not use questions in this way, you could include answers to the questions, or you could express them as negative statements. See the notes on these verses for translation options. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### The long list in [6:4–10](../06/04.md)\n\nThese verses contain one long list of the situations and ways in which Paul and those with him commend their ministry. This list is divided into three parts. Each part uses a repeated form for each item. The first part uses the word “in” ([6:4–7a](../06/04.md)), the second part uses the word “through” ([6:7b–8a](../06/07.md)), and the third part uses the words “as” and “yet” or “but” ([6:8b–10](../06/08.md)). If possible, represent these parts in your language by using repeated words or some other natural form. Consider whether a long list like this would be natural in your language. The UST models one possible way to divide the list up into shorter sentences. \n\n### Exclusive “we”\n\nThroughout this chapter, Paul uses the first person plural. When he uses this form, he is focusing on himself and those with him, or just on himself (although this is less likely). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 6 1 kf1d grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Connecting Statement: Here, the word **Now** introduces a development of the ideas from the previous verses, especially from [5:20–21](../05/20.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a development, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Further,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 6 1 tbr6 figs-explicit συνεργοῦντες 1 Working together Here Paul does not directly state **with** whom he is **working**. He could be implying that he works **with**: (1) God, since God is the subject of the previous sentence. Alternate translation: “working together with God” (2) the Corinthians, since they are the ones ho is “urging.” Alternate translation: “working together with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 1 x4hc figs-exclusive καὶ, παρακαλοῦμεν 1 Here and throughout this chapter, **we** does not include the Corinthians. The first person plural could refer to: (1) Paul and those who work with him. Alternate translation: “we who preach the good news also urge” (2) just Paul. Alternate translation: “I also urge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 6 1 s8db figs-doublenegatives καὶ, παρακαλοῦμεν μὴ εἰς κενὸν τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ δέξασθαι ὑμᾶς 1 we also urge you not to receive the grace of God in vain Here Paul uses two negative terms, **not** and **in vain**, to indicate a positive meaning. If your language does not use two negative words like this, you could instead use one positive term. Alternate translation: “we also urge you to receive the grace of God so that it has results” or “we also urge you to receive the grace of God so that it produces its goal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2CO 6 1 wdla figs-abstractnouns τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **gracious**, you could express the idea by using a verbal phrase such as “act kindly” or an adverb such as “graciously.” Alternate translation: “how God acts kindly” or “how God acts graciously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 1 pdgo figs-idiom εἰς κενὸν 1 Here, **in vain** identifies a cause that does not have its intended effect. In this case, receiving **the grace of God** will not lead to salvation if the Corinthians do not persevere in living as those who have received **the grace of God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you use a word or phrase that identifies a cause that does not have its intended effect. Alternate translation: “for nothing” or “to no purpose” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 2 u9kc writing-quotations λέγει γάρ 1 For he says (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 6 2 uqu5 figs-quotations λέγει…καιρῷ δεκτῷ ἐπήκουσά σου, καὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας ἐβοήθησά σοι. 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 6 2 pp3i figs-parallelism καιρῷ δεκτῷ ἐπήκουσά σου, καὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας ἐβοήθησά σοι 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 6 2 kilf figs-idiom καιρῷ δεκτῷ 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 2 be7i figs-yousingular σου…σοι 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])
2CO 6 2 z6w6 figs-idiom ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 2 qrdt figs-abstractnouns σωτηρίας 1 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 2 sa94 figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ -1 Look (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 6 2 j4k4 καιρὸς εὐπρόσδεκτος…ἡμέρα σωτηρίας 1
2CO 6 3 v3wc figs-metaphor μηδεμίαν ἐν μηδενὶ διδόντες προσκοπήν 1 We do not place a stumbling block in front of anyone Paul speaks of anything that would prevent a person from trusting in Christ as if it were a physical object over which that person trips and falls. Alternate translation: “we do not want to do anything that will prevent people from believing our message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 3 he3c figs-activepassive μὴ μωμηθῇ ἡ διακονία 1 our ministry might not The word **discredited** refers to people speaking badly about Paul’s ministry, and working against the message he proclaims. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no oner will be able to speak badly about our ministry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 4 xd9l figs-exclusive συνιστάντες 1 General Information: When Paul uses **we** here, he is referring to himself and Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 6 4 p9up ἐν παντὶ συνιστάντες ἑαυτοὺς ὡς Θεοῦ διάκονοι 1 we commend ourselves in everything as God’s servants Alternate translation: “we prove that we are God’s servants by all that we do”
2CO 6 4 xyf9 Θεοῦ διάκονοι: ἐν ὑπομονῇ πολλῇ, ἐν θλίψεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν στενοχωρίαις 1 God’s servants; in much endurance, affliction, distress, hardship Paul mentions these difficult situations in which they proved that they are **God’s servants**.
2CO 6 6 w84c ἐν ἁγνότητι…ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἀνυποκρίτῳ 1 in purity … in genuine love Paul lists several moral virtues that they maintained in difficult situations that proved that they are God’s servants.
2CO 6 7 b6am ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας, ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ 1 in the word of truth, in the power of God Their dedication to preach the gospel **in the power of God** proves that they are God’s servants.
2CO 6 7 dui6 ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας 1 in the word of truth Alternate translation: “by speaking God’s message about truth” or “by speaking God’s true message”
2CO 6 7 p5l5 ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ 1 in the power of God Alternate translation: “by showing God’s power to people”
2CO 6 7 ven8 figs-metaphor διὰ τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν 1 through the weapons of righteousness for the right hand and for the left Paul speaks of their **righteousness** as if it is **weapons** that they use to fight spiritual battles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 7 ef5b τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 the weapons of righteousness Alternate translation: “righteousness as our armor” or “righteousness as our weapons”
2CO 6 7 ijr2 τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν 1 for the right hand and for the left This could mean: (1) there is a weapon in one hand and a shield in the other. (2) they are completely equipped for battle, able to fend off attacks from any direction.
2CO 6 8 zi7d figs-merism 0 General Information: Paul lists several extremes of how people think about him and his ministry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2CO 6 8 e4pf figs-activepassive ὡς πλάνοι 1 as imposters If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people accuse us of being deceitful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 9 fcb5 figs-activepassive ὡς ἀγνοούμενοι καὶ ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι 1 as if we were unknown and we are still well known If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as if people did not know us and yet people still know us well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 9 r1d9 figs-activepassive ὡς παιδευόμενοι καὶ μὴ θανατούμενοι 1 as being punished, and yet not being killed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “we work as if people are punishing us for our actions but not as if they have condemned us to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 11 v74j τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 Our mouth has been opened to you Alternate translation: “We have spoken honestly to you”
2CO 6 11 mv85 figs-metaphor ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν πεπλάτυνται 1 our heart is opened wide Paul speaks of his great affection for the Corinthians as having a **heart** that is open. Alternate translation: “we love you very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 11 r815 figs-metonymy ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν πεπλάτυνται 1 Here, **heart** is a metonym for a person’s emotions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 6 12 m2kq figs-metaphor οὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν, στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 Paul speaks of the Corinthians lack of love for him as if their **inner parts** were squeezed into a tight space. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 12 u4fz figs-activepassive οὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν 1 You are not restrained by us If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have not restrained you” or “We have not given you any reason to stop loving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 12 xv9t figs-metonymy στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 You are not restrained by us, but you are restrained in your affections Here, **inner parts** is a metonym for a person’s emotions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 6 12 ecn4 figs-activepassive στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 you are restrained in your affections If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but your own hearts are restraining you” or “but you have stopped loving us for your own reasons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 13 c6vp figs-metaphor πλατύνθητε καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 open yourselves wide also Paul urges the Corinthians to love him as he has loved them. Alternate translation: “love us back” or “love us much as we have loved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 14 v7kk figs-doublenegatives μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες ἀπίστοις 1 Do not be yoked together with unbelievers If your readers would misunderstand the double-negative **not … unbelievers**, you could express it in positive form. Alternate translation: “Only be tied together with believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2CO 6 14 qd33 figs-metaphor μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες 1 be yoked together with Paul speaks of working **together** toward a common purpose as if it were two animals tied together to pull a plow or cart. Alternate translation: “Do not team up” or “Do not have a close relationship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 14 v7pw figs-rquestion τίς γὰρ μετοχὴ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀνομίᾳ 1 For what association does righteousness have with lawlessness? This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “For righteousness can have no association with lawlessness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 14 xr52 figs-rquestion ἢ τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος? 1 For what fellowship does light have with darkness? Paul asks this question to emphasize that **light** and **darkness** cannot coexist since light dispels darkness. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “And light can have no fellowship with darkness!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 14 h9ks figs-metaphor ἢ τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος? 1 The words **light** and **darkness** refer to the moral and spiritual qualities of believers and unbelievers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 15 r1vq figs-rquestion τίς δὲ συμφώνησις Χριστοῦ πρὸς Βελιάρ 1 What agreement can Christ have with Beliar? This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no agreement between Christ and Beliar!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 15 rm3r translate-names Βελιάρ 1 Beliar **Beliar** is another name for the devil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2CO 6 15 z9iv figs-rquestion ἢ τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου? 1 Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever? This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “And a believer shares nothing in common with an unbeliever!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 16 y99x figs-rquestion τίς δὲ συνκατάθεσις ναῷ Θεοῦ μετὰ εἰδώλων? 1 And what agreement is there between the temple of God and idols? This is a rhetorical question that anticipates a negative answer. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you could express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “And there is no agreement between the temple of God and idols!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 16 s3l8 figs-exclusive ἡμεῖς γὰρ ναὸς Θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος 1 we are the temple of the living God Here, **we** refers not only to Paul and his associates, but includes all Christians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 6 16 aqql figs-metaphor ἡμεῖς γὰρ ναὸς Θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος 1 Paul speaks of Christians as forming a **temple** for **God** to dwell in. Alternate translation: “we are like the temple where the living God dwells” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 16 u5g3 figs-parallelism ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐνπεριπατήσω 1 I will dwell among them and walk among them. This is an Old Testament quotation that speaks of God being with the people in two different ways that mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 6 16 g0nl figs-metaphor ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐνπεριπατήσω 1 The words **dwell among** speak of living where others live, while the words **walk among** speak of being with them as they go about their lives. Alternate translation: “I will be with them and help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 17 fe1z 0 General Information: Paul quotes portions from the Old Testament prophets, Isaiah and Ezekiel.
2CO 6 17 z5ld figs-activepassive ἀφορίσθητε 1 be separate If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “set yourselves apart” or “allow me to set you apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 17 c8jq figs-doublenegatives ἀκαθάρτου μὴ ἅπτεσθε 1 Touch no unclean thing If your readers would misunderstand the double-negative **no unclean**, you could express it in positive form. Alternate translation: “touch only things that are clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2CO 7 intro hg36 0 # 2 Corinthians 7 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>In verses 2-4, Paul finishes his defense. He then writes about Titus’ return and the comfort it brought.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Clean and unclean<br><br>Christians are “clean” in the sense that God has cleansed them from sin. They do not need to be concerned with being clean according to the law of Moses. Ungodly living can still make a Christian unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Sadness and sorrow<br><br>The words “sad” and “sorrow” in this chapter indicate that the Corinthians were upset to the point of repenting. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### We<br><br>Paul likely uses the pronoun “we” to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people.<br><br>### Original situation<br><br>This chapter discusses in detail a previous situation. We can figure out some aspects of this situation from the information in this chapter. But it is best not to include this type of implicit information in a translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 1 h5xv ἀγαπητοί 1 Beloved Alternate translation: “you whom I love” or “dear friends”
2CO 7 1 fv49 καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτοὺς 1 let us cleanse ourselves Here Paul is saying to stay away from any form of sin that would affect one’s relationship with God.
2CO 7 1 c2xf ἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην 1 perfecting holiness Alternate translation: “striving to be holy”
2CO 7 1 pt41 ἐν φόβῳ Θεοῦ 1 in the fear of God Alternate translation: “out of deep respect for God”
2CO 7 2 v4nu 0 Connecting Statement: Having already warned the people of Corinth about other leaders who were striving to get these Corinthian believers to follow them, Paul reminds the people of the way he feels about them.
2CO 7 2 x3lg figs-explicit χωρήσατε ἡμᾶς 1 Make room for us This refers back to what Paul said starting in [2 Corinthians 6:11](../06/11.md) about them opening their hearts to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 2 c2yz figs-metaphor χωρήσατε ἡμᾶς 1 Paul speaks of the Corinthians loving him as if they were opening their hearts to him. Alternate translation: “Make room for us in your hearts” or “Love us and accept us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 3 bhb7 πρὸς κατάκρισιν οὐ λέγω 1 I do not speak for your condemnation Here, Paul refers back to what he has just said about not having wronged anyone. Alternate translation: “I do not say this to accuse you of having done wrong.”
2CO 7 3 fay3 figs-metaphor ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν ἐστε 1 you are in our hearts Paul speaks of his and his associates’ great love for the Corinthians as if they held them in their hearts. Alternate translation: “you are very dear to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 3 xzg3 figs-idiom εἰς τὸ συναποθανεῖν καὶ συνζῆν 1 for us to die together and to live together This means that Paul and his associates will continue to love the Corinthians no matter what happens. Alternate translation: “whether we live or whether we die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 7 4 mh12 figs-activepassive πεπλήρωμαι τῇ παρακλήσει 1 I am filled with encouragement If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You fill me with comfort” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 4 mx9b figs-metaphor ὑπερπερισσεύομαι τῇ χαρᾷ 1 I overflow with joy Paul speaks of **joy** as if it is a liquid that fills him until he overflows. Alternate translation: “I am extremely joyful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 4 mr75 ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν 1 even in all our afflictions Alternate translation: “despite all our hardships”
2CO 7 5 f3c5 figs-exclusive ἐλθόντων ἡμῶν εἰς Μακεδονίαν 1 When we came to Macedonia Here the word **we** refers to Paul and Timothy but not to the Corinthians or Titus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 7 5 c8ju figs-synecdoche οὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν ἡ σὰρξ ἡμῶν 1 our flesh had no rest Here, **our flesh** refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “we had no rest” or “we were very tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2CO 7 5 h3cv figs-activepassive ἐν παντὶ θλιβόμενοι 1 we were troubled in every way If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “we experienced every kind of trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 5 i4wr figs-explicit ἔξωθεν μάχαι, ἔσωθεν φόβοι 1 by conflicts on the outside and fears on the inside Here, **without** could mean: (1) “outside of our bodies.” (2) “outside of the church.” The word **within** refers to their inward emotions. Alternate translation: “by conflicts with other people and by fears within ourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 7 w7td figs-explicit ἐν τῇ παρακλήσει ᾗ παρεκλήθη ἐφ’ ὑμῖν 1 by the comfort that Titus had received from you Paul received **comfort** from knowing that the Corinthians had **comforted** Titus. Alternate translation: “by learning about the comfort that Titus had received from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 8 b2xj ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ἐκείνη 1 General Information: This refers to Paul’s previous **letter** to these Corinthian believers where he rebuked them for their acceptance of a believer’s sexual immorality with his father’s wife.
2CO 7 8 vk7m βλέπω ὅτι ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ἐκείνη 1 when I saw that my letter Alternate translation: “when I learned that my letter”
2CO 7 9 kn5q figs-activepassive οὐχ ὅτι ἐλυπήθητε 1 not because you were distressed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not because what I said in my letter distressed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 9 l6d2 figs-idiom ἐν μηδενὶ ζημιωθῆτε ἐξ ἡμῶν 1 you would not suffer loss in anything through us This means that although the letter caused them sorrow, they eventually benefited from the letter because it led them to repentance. Alternate translation: “so that we did not harm you in any way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 7 10 dtm3 figs-ellipsis ἡ γὰρ κατὰ Θεὸν λύπη, μετάνοιαν εἰς σωτηρίαν…ἐργάζεται 1 For the sorrow that God intends produces repentance that leads to salvation The word **repentance** may be repeated to clarify its relationship to what precedes it and what follows it. Alternate translation: “For godly sorrow produces repentance, and repentance leads to salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2CO 7 10 lc4m ἀμεταμέλητον 1 without regret This could mean: (1) Paul has no **regret** that he caused them sorrow because that sorrow led to their repentance and salvation. (2) the Corinthians will not **regret** experiencing sorrow because it led to their repentance and salvation.
2CO 7 10 lc1s figs-explicit ἡ δὲ τοῦ κόσμου λύπη, θάνατον κατεργάζεται 1 But the sorrow of the world produces death This kind of **sorrow** leads to **death** instead of salvation because it does not produce repentance. Alternate translation: “Worldly sorrow, however, leads to spiritual death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 11 gpp2 figs-exclamations ἀλλὰ ἀπολογίαν 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves Here the word **what** makes this statement an exclamation. Alternate translation: “your determination to prove you were innocent was very great!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 7 11 h6jc figs-activepassive ἀλλὰ ἐκδίκησιν 1 what avenging of wrong If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that someone should carry out justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 12 i6sn figs-activepassive τοῦ φανερωθῆναι τὴν σπουδὴν ὑμῶν, τὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that you would know that your good will toward us is sincere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 12 ycy7 ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God Here, **before God** refers to God’s presence. See how you translated this in [2 Corinthians 4:2](../04/02.md).
2CO 7 13 kn2q figs-activepassive διὰ τοῦτο παρακεκλήμεθα 1 For this reason we are encouraged Here the phrase **this reason** refers to the way the Corinthians responded to Paul’s previous letter, as he described in the previous verse. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This is what encourages us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 13 v2g6 figs-activepassive ἀναπέπαυται τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ πάντων ὑμῶν 1 his spirit was refreshed by all of you Here the word **spirit** refers to a person’s temperament and disposition. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of you refreshed his spirit” or “all of you made him stop worrying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 14 b4uq ὅτι εἴ τι αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κεκαύχημαι 1 For if I boasted to him about you Alternate translation: “For although I boasted to him about you”
2CO 7 14 m22c οὐ κατῃσχύνθην 1 I was not embarrassed Alternate translation: “you did not disappoint me”
2CO 7 14 q5hg ἡ καύχησις ἡμῶν ἡ ἐπὶ Τίτου ἀλήθεια ἐγενήθη 1 our boasting about you to Titus proved to be true Alternate translation: “you proved to Titus that our boasting about you was true”
2CO 7 15 d87j figs-abstractnouns τὴν πάντων ὑμῶν ὑπακοήν 1 the obedience of all of you If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **obedience**, you can express the same idea with the verb, “obey.” Alternate translation: “how all of you obeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 15 g9bz figs-doublet μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου ἐδέξασθε αὐτόν 1 you welcomed him with fear and trembling Here, **fear** and **trembling** share similar meanings and emphasize the intensity of fear. Alternate translation: “you welcomed him with great reverence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2CO 7 15 q47h μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου 1 with fear and trembling This could refer to: (1) great reverence for God. (2) great reverence for Titus.
2CO 8 intro kl7m 0 # 2 Corinthians 8 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapters 8 and 9 begin a new section. Paul writes about how churches in Greece helped needy believers in Jerusalem.<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quoted words of verse 15.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Gift to the church in Jerusalem<br><br>The church in Corinth started preparing to give money to the poor believers in Jerusalem. The churches in Macedonia also had given generously. Paul sends Titus and two other believers to Corinth to encourage the Corinthians to give generously. Paul and the others will carry the money to Jerusalem. They want people to know it is being done honestly.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### We<br><br>Paul likely uses the pronoun “we” to represent at least Timothy and himself. It may also include other people.<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A “paradox” is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. These words in verse 2 are a paradox: “the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity.” In verse 3 Paul explains how their poverty produced riches. Paul also uses riches and poverty in other paradoxes. ([2 Corinthians 8:2](../08/02.md))
2CO 8 1 mm8g 0 Connecting Statement: Having explained his changed plans and his ministry direction, Paul talks about giving.
2CO 8 1 d1mj figs-activepassive τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν δεδομένην ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Μακεδονίας 1 the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the grace that God has given to the churches of Macedonia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 2 fsq8 figs-personification ἡ περισσεία τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν καὶ ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν, ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity Paul speaks of **joy** and **poverty** as if they were living things that can produce generosity. Alternate translation: “because of the people’s great joy and extreme poverty, they have become very generous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2CO 8 2 b7k5 figs-metaphor ἡ περισσεία τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν 1 the abundance of their joy Paul speaks of **joy** as if it were a physical object that could increase in size or quantity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 2 pr8c ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν…τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 their deep poverty … the riches of their generosity Though the churches of Macedonia have suffered testings of affliction and **poverty**, by God’s grace, they have been able to collect money for the believers in Jerusalem.
2CO 8 2 z6mt τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 the riches of their generosity The word **riches** emphasizes the greatness of their generosity. Alternate translation: “a very great generosity”
2CO 8 4 nmw8 figs-explicit τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 1 this ministry to the saints Paul is referring to providing money to the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “this ministry of providing for the believers in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 6 z42y καθὼς προενήρξατο 1 he had already begun this task Paul is referring to the collection of money from the Corinthians for the believers in Jerusalem.
2CO 8 6 vn4u figs-explicit καὶ ἐπιτελέσῃ εἰς ὑμᾶς καὶ τὴν χάριν ταύτην 1 he would complete among you this act of grace Titus was to help the Corinthians to complete the collection of money. Alternate translation: “he should encourage you to finish collecting and giving your generous gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 7 fpe1 figs-metaphor ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ χάριτι περισσεύητε 1 you should abound in this act of grace Paul speaks of the Corinthian believers as if they should produce physical goods. Alternate translation: “make sure you do well in giving for the believers in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 8 wn2k figs-explicit διὰ τῆς ἑτέρων σπουδῆς…τὸ τῆς ὑμετέρας ἀγάπης γνήσιον δοκιμάζων 1 to test … through the diligence of others Paul is encouraging the Corinthians to give generously by comparing them with the generosity of the Macedonian churches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 9 c1ch τὴν χάριν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 the grace of our Lord In this context, the word **grace** emphasizes the generosity with which Jesus had blessed the Corinthians.
2CO 8 9 iz6z figs-metaphor δι’ ὑμᾶς ἐπτώχευσεν, πλούσιος ὤν 1 though he was rich, for your sakes he became poor Paul speaks of Jesus before his incarnation as **being rich**, and of his becoming human as becoming **poor**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 9 j5ym figs-metaphor ὑμεῖς τῇ ἐκείνου πτωχείᾳ πλουτήσητε 1 through his poverty you might become rich Paul speaks of the Corinthians becoming spiritually **rich** as a result of Jesus becoming human. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 10 b7ht figs-explicit ἐν τούτῳ 1 In this matter Here the word **this** refers to Corinthians collecting money to give to the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “with regard to the collection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 11 fc27 figs-abstractnouns καθάπερ ἡ προθυμία τοῦ θέλειν 1 there was the readiness of your desire If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **readiness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “just as you were eager and desired to do it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 11 d6ly καὶ τὸ ἐπιτελέσαι 1 there may be the completion Alternate translation: “complete it” or “finish it”
2CO 8 12 k9wh καθὸ ἐὰν ἔχῃ 1 according to whatever a person has Alternate translation: “if it is proportional to what the person giving has”
2CO 8 13 mp6k 0 For this This verse refers back to collecting money for the believers in Jerusalem.
2CO 8 13 smk2 figs-activepassive ἵνα ἄλλοις ἄνεσις, ὑμῖν θλῖψις 1 for the ease of others, and your affliction If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you may relieve others and burden yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 13 ktd1 ἐξ ἰσότητος 1 for the sake of equality Alternate translation: “so that there would be equality”
2CO 8 14 v7aj ἵνα καὶ τὸ ἐκείνων περίσσευμα γένηται εἰς τὸ ὑμῶν ὑστέρημα 1 This is also so that their abundance may supply your need Since the Corinthians are acting in the present time, it is implied that the believers in Jerusalem will also help them at some time in the future. Alternate translation: “this is also so that in the future their abundance may supply your need”
2CO 8 15 ue8w figs-activepassive καθὼς γέγραπται 1 as it is written Here Paul quotes from Exodus. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language.If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “as Moses wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 15 u28y figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν 1 did not have too little If your readers would misunderstand the double-negative **not … too little**, you could express it in positive form. Alternate translation: “had all he needed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2CO 8 16 cr18 figs-synecdoche τῷ διδόντι τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ Τίτου 1 who put into Titus’ heart the same earnest care that I have for you Here, **heart** refers to the emotions. This means that God caused Titus to love them. Alternate translation: “the one who made Titus care for you as much as I do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2CO 8 16 vsm3 τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν 1 same earnest care Alternate translation: “the same enthusiasm” or “same deep concern”
2CO 8 17 e4xn figs-explicit ὅτι τὴν μὲν παράκλησιν ἐδέξατο 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Paul is referring to his asking Titus to return to Corinth and complete the collection. Alternate translation: “For he not only agreed to our request that he help you with the collection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 18 rje2 μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 with him Alternate translation: “with Titus”
2CO 8 18 jll9 figs-activepassive τὸν ἀδελφὸν, οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος…διὰ πασῶν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν 1 the brother who is praised among all of the churches If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the brother whom believers among all of the churches praise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 19 j9rk οὐ μόνον 1 Not only this Alternate translation: “not only do believers among all of the churches praise him”
2CO 8 19 c667 figs-activepassive καὶ χειροτονηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν 1 he also was selected by the churches If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the churches also selected him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 19 k7dy σὺν τῇ χάριτι ταύτῃ τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν 1 along with this act of grace which is being administered by us This refers to taking the offering to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to carry out this act of generosity”
2CO 8 19 v22x προθυμίαν ἡμῶν 1 our readiness Alternate translation: “our eagerness to help”
2CO 8 20 a3ps figs-abstractnouns ἐν τῇ ἁδρότητι ταύτῃ τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out This refers to taking the offering to Jerusalem. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **administration**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “concerning the way we are handling this generous gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 21 n4x1 προνοοῦμεν γὰρ καλὰ 1 For we considered beforehand what is right Alternate translation: “We are careful to handle this gift in an honorable way”
2CO 8 21 ey5n ἐνώπιον Κυρίου…ἐνώπιον ἀνθρώπων 1 before the Lord … before people Alternate translation: “in the Lord’s opinion … in people’s opinion”
2CO 8 22 d3yj αὐτοῖς 1 with them The word **them** refers to Titus and the previously mentioned brother.
2CO 8 23 mmi2 κοινωνὸς ἐμὸς καὶ εἰς ὑμᾶς συνεργός 1 he is my partner and fellow worker for you Alternate translation: “he is my partner who works with me to help you”
2CO 8 23 lat3 ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν 1 As for our brothers Here, **our brothers** refers to the two other men who will accompany Titus.
2CO 8 23 u8lx figs-activepassive ἀπόστολοι ἐκκλησιῶν 1 they are sent by the churches If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the churches have sent them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 23 a8v2 figs-abstractnouns δόξα Χριστοῦ 1 an honor to Christ If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **glory**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “they will cause people to honor Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 2 ooms grammar-connect-logic-result γάρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the Corinthians should “receive the grace of God” (see [6:1](../06/01.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces reason for an exhortation. Alternate translation: “because” or “since” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 6 2 u9kc writing-quotations λέγει 1 For he says Here, the phrase **he says** introduces words that God speaks in the Scriptures. Specifically, Paul is quoting from a Greek translation of [Isaiah 49:8](../isa/49/08.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you use a form that indicates that God speaks these words that come from Isaiah. Alternate translation: “according to Isaiah the prophet God says,” or “God speaks these words through Isaiah:” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 6 2 uqu5 figs-quotations λέγει…καιρῷ δεκτῷ ἐπήκουσά σου, καὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας ἐβοήθησά σοι. 1 If you do not use this form in your language, you could translate the sentence as an indirect quote instead of as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “he says that at an acceptable time he listened to you, and in a day of salvation he helped you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 6 2 pp3i figs-parallelism καιρῷ δεκτῷ ἐπήκουσά σου, καὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας ἐβοήθησά σοι. ἰδοὺ, νῦν καιρὸς εὐπρόσδεκτος; ἰδοὺ, νῦν ἡμέρα σωτηρίας 1 The two clauses in the quotation mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if the repetition might be confusing, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Make sure that you use the same form for Paul’s interpretation of the quotation, which is also in parallel form. Alternate translation: “At an acceptable time I listened to you; yes, in a day of salvation I helped you. Behold, now is a favorable time; yes, now is a day of salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 6 2 kilf figs-idiom καιρῷ δεκτῷ 1 Here, the phrase **an acceptable time** refers to a point in time that someone considers to proper or appropriate for doing something. Paul could be implying that this **time** is **acceptable** to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “At a time that I considered right” or “At a time appropriate for me” (2) people. Alternate translation: “At a time that people considered right” or “At a time appropriate for people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 2 iz3h figs-explicit ἐπήκουσά σου 1 Here, the word **listened** indicates that God both listened and responded. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that God did not just “listen” but also acted in response. Alternate translation: “I answered you” or “I listened to you and responded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 2 be7i figs-yousingular σου…σοι 1 Because God is speaking to one person, his special servant, **you** in the quotation is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])
2CO 6 2 z6w6 figs-idiom ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σωτηρίας 1 Here, the phrase **day of salvation** refers to the time when God will bring **salvation** for his people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural form for this idea. Alternate translation: “in the time of salvation” or “at the time when I gave salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 2 qrdt figs-abstractnouns σωτηρίας 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **salvation**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “save.” Alternate translation: “when I saved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 2 sa94 figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ, νῦν -1 Look Here, the words **Behold** and **Look** draw the attention of the audience and ask them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea with words or phrases that ask the audience to listen, or you could use another form that draws the audience’s attention to the statements that follow. Alternate translation: “Pay attention! Now … Pay attention! Now” or “Listen, now … Now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 6 2 j4k4 καιρὸς εὐπρόσδεκτος…ἡμέρα σωτηρίας 1 Here, the phrases **a day of salvation** and **a favorable time** repeat the words from the quotation exactly, except Paul uses a word that emphasizes that the **time** is good (**favorable**) instead of just appropriate (**acceptable**). Use the form that you used in the quotation, although if possible use a word for “good” **time** instead of just **acceptable time**. Alternate translation: “is a time that God considers good … is a time of salvation” or “is a time appropriate for God … is a time when God gives salvation”
2CO 6 3 shtt figs-infostructure διδόντες 1 Here, the word **giving** goes with the clause “we also urge you” in [6:1](../06/01.md). It introduces an explanation of how Paul and those with him serve God. In most languages, it is best to begin a new sentence with this verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that clearly links back to “we also urge” from [6:1](../06/01.md). If you use the following alternate translation, you will need to end the previous verse with a period. Alternate translation: “As we urge you to receive the grace God, we give” or “As we serve God, we give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 6 3 v3wc figs-idiom μηδεμίαν…διδόντες προσκοπήν 1 We do not place a stumbling block in front of anyone Here, the phrase **giving no cause for offense** refers to how a person acts so that others are not offended. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural form. Alternate translation: “avoiding provoking others” or “doing nothing that could cause offense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 3 c9kr figs-abstractnouns προσκοπήν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **offense**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “offend” or “upset.” Alternate translation: “cause to be offended” or “reason to be upset” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 3 sv9d figs-explicit ἐν μηδενὶ 1 Here, the phrase **in anything** could refer to: (1) actions and behavior. Alternate translation: “in whatever we do” (2) people. Alternate translation: “among anybody” or “to any person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 3 he3c figs-activepassive μὴ μωμηθῇ ἡ διακονία 1 our ministry might not If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who does the action, Paul could be implying that: (1) other people would do it. Alternate translation: “others might not blame our ministry” (2) God. Alternate translation: “God might not blame our ministry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 3 fkf9 figs-abstractnouns ἡ διακονία 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **ministry**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “minister.” Alternate translation: “how we minister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 3 winz translate-unknown μὴ μωμηθῇ 1 Here, the word **blamed** refers to how people criticize something or find fault with it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that expresses the idea more clearly. Alternate translation: “might not be critiqued” or “might not be condemned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 4 xd9l translate-unknown συνιστάντες ἑαυτοὺς 1 General Information: Here, the phrase **commend ourselves** refers to the practice of stating why one should be trusted and welcomed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to giving reasons why people should welcome and trust a person. Alternate translation: “we present ourselves favorably” or “we vouch for ourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 4 p6pl figs-explicit ἐν παντὶ συνιστάντες ἑαυτοὺς ὡς Θεοῦ διάκονοι 1 Here the word **as** could introduce: (1) who they are (**servants of God**) while they **commend** themselves. Alternate translation: “we who are servants of God commend ourselves in everything” (2) what it is that they must **commend** themselves to be. Alternate translation: “we commend ourselves in everything, proving that we are servants of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 4 p9up figs-possession Θεοῦ διάκονοι 1 we commend ourselves in everything as God’s servants Here Paul uses the possessive form to refer **servants** who serve **God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “servants for God” or “God’s servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 6 4 faw1 figs-infostructure Θεοῦ…ἐν ὑπομονῇ πολλῇ, ἐν 1 Here, the phrase **in much endurance** could go with: (1) the list that follows. In this case, the list gives the situation in which they have **much endurance**. Alternate translation: “of God; we have much endurance in” (2) **we commend ourselves**. In this case, the phrase gives an explanation for how they **commend** themselves, and the list gives the situations in which this occurs Alternate translation: “of God by having much endurance; we show this in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 6 4 xyf9 figs-abstractnouns ἐν ὑπομονῇ πολλῇ, ἐν θλίψεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν στενοχωρίαις 1 God’s servants; in much endurance, affliction, distress, hardship If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **endurance,** **tribulations**, **hardships**, and **distresses**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “enduring at all times while we are persecuted, pressured, and distressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 4 ndmv figs-doublet ἐν θλίψεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν στενοχωρίαις 1 Here, the words **tribulations**, **hardships**, and **distresses** function together to refer to many different kinds of persecution and suffering. It is possible that **tribulations** refers to direct persecution, **hardships** refers to being forced to do something difficult, and **distresses** refers to being unable to do what one wants. If you do not have three words for these categories, and if the repetition would be confusing, you could use one or two words or phrases to refer to suffering and persecution. Alternate translation: “in persecutions, in suffering” or “in every tribulation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2CO 6 5 ded3 figs-abstractnouns ἐν πληγαῖς, ἐν φυλακαῖς, ἐν ἀκαταστασίαις, ἐν κόποις, ἐν ἀγρυπνίαις, ἐν νηστείαις 1 If your language does not express some of these ideas with nouns, you could express the ideas by using verbal phrases or in another natural way. Alternate translation: “in being beaten, in being imprisoned, in being mobbed, in working hard, in sleeping little, in being hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 5 r2fj translate-unknown πληγαῖς 1 Here, the word **beatings** refers to when a person strikes another person multiple times, usually with a stick or rope. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to this kind of action. Alternate translation: “whippings” or “floggings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 5 onzg translate-unknown ἀκαταστασίαις 1 Here, the word **riots** refers to how a large of people become upset about something and as a group hurt people and property. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to this behavior. Alternate translation: “dangerous mobs” or “violent disturbances” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 5 t43d translate-unknown ἀγρυπνίαις 1 Here, the word **sleeplessness** refers to not getting any or enough sleep. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that clearly expresses this idea. Alternate translation: “sleep deprivation” or “a lack of sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 6 w84c figs-abstractnouns ἐν ἁγνότητι, ἐν γνώσει, ἐν μακροθυμίᾳ, ἐν χρηστότητι, ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ, ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἀνυποκρίτῳ 1 in purity … in genuine love If your language does not use abstract nouns for these ideas, you could express the ideas by using verbal phrases or adjectives. Alternate translation: “we are pure, knowledgeable, patient, kind, filled with the Holy Spirit, sincerely loving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 6 k3c5 translate-unknown ἁγνότητι 1 Here, the word **purity** refers to a state that is not qualified by evil or shameful things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that identifies a lack of these things. Alternate translation: “virtue” or “innocence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 6 e2lc ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ 1 Here, the phrase **in the Holy Spirit** could refer to: (1) having the power or help of the **Holy Spirit**. Alternate translation: “in the power of the Holy Spirit” (2) being “holy” in one’s “spirit.” Alternate translation: “in holiness of spirit”
2CO 6 6 mwzw translate-unknown ἀγάπῃ ἀνυποκρίτῳ 1 Here, the word **sincere** indicates that the **love** is focused only on loving others and not on what one might gain from loving others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that makes the idea clear. Alternate translation: “love that is not hypocritical” or “love with pure motives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 7 b6am figs-abstractnouns ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας, ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ 1 in the word of truth, in the power of God If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **truth** and **power**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “in the word about what is true, in God empowering us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 7 cr55 figs-metonymy λόγῳ 1 Here, the word **word** represents what someone says in words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the message” or “the communication” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 6 7 dui6 figs-possession ἐν λόγῳ ἀληθείας 1 in the word of truth Here Paul could use the possessive to describe: (1) a **word** about the **truth**. Alternate translation: “in the word about the truth” (2) a **word** that is characterized by **truth**. Alternate translation: “the truthful word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 6 7 p5l5 figs-possession ἐν δυνάμει Θεοῦ 1 in the power of God Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe **power** that comes from **God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “in the power that comes from God” or “in power given by God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 6 7 ef5b figs-metaphor διὰ τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν 1 the weapons of righteousness Here speaks as if **righteousness** were **weapons** for **the right hand and the left**. He means that the righteous way in which he and those with him live their lives is like armor and swords which they use to protect themselves and fight against enemies. Paul does not state who the enemy is, but he implies that it is anyone and anything that acts against God and the gospel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea with simile form or in plain language. Alternate translation: “through righteousness, which is like weapons for the right hand the left” or “through righteousness, which protects us from God’s enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 7 gg43 figs-possession τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe **weapons** that could: (1) be **righteousness**. Alternate translation: “the weapons, which are righteousness,” (2) come from or because of **righteousness**. Alternate translation: “the weapons that righteous provides” or “the weapons that come from righteousness” (3) defend or fight for **righteousness**. Alternate translation: “the weapons to defend righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 6 7 ozxm figs-abstractnouns τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **righteousness**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “righteous” or an adverb such as “righteously.” Alternate translation: “weapons, that is, how we live righteously,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 7 ijr2 figs-explicit τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν 1 for the right hand and for the left Here, having **weapons** for **the right hand and the left** could describe how a soldier: (1) has an offensive weapon in one hand and a defensive weapon in the other. Alternate translation: “of righteous, both a sword and a shield” or “of righteousness for attack and defense” (2) is completely equipped for battle and able to defend against attacks from **right** and **left**. Alternate translation: “of righteous for defense on all sides” or “of righteousness with which we are fully equipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 8 ftu0 figs-explicit διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀτιμίας, διὰ δυσφημίας καὶ εὐφημίας 1 In these two statements, Paul indicates that he and those with him persevere in serving God whether people think and say good or bad things about them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that clearly expresses this idea. Alternate translation: “whether we receive honor or dishonor, whether there are bad reports or good reports about us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 8 m51w figs-abstractnouns δόξης καὶ ἀτιμίας 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **honor** and **dishonor**, you could express the ideas by using verbs such as “honor” and “dishonor.” Alternate translation: “being honored and dishonored” or “others glorifying us and disgracing us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 8 fedq figs-explicit ὡς πλάνοι καὶ ἀληθεῖς 1 Here and in the following two verses Paul uses **as** to introduce what other people think about him and those with him and then **yet** or “but” to introduce what is really true about them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that naturally expresses a contrast between what people think and what is actually true. Alternate translation: “considered to be deceivers, but actually true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 8 e4pf figs-nominaladj ἀληθεῖς 1 as imposters Paul is using the adjective **true** as a noun in order to identify himself and those with him as those who “truly” are who they say they are. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this one with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “truthful people” or “telling the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2CO 6 9 niij figs-explicit ὡς ἀγνοούμενοι καὶ ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι, ὡς ἀποθνῄσκοντες καὶ ἰδοὺ, ζῶμεν, ὡς παιδευόμενοι καὶ μὴ θανατούμενοι 1 Here and in the following verse Paul uses **as** to introduce what other people think about him and those with him and then **yet** or “but” to introduce what is really true about them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that naturally expresses a contrast between what people think and what is actually true. Alternate translation: “considered to be unknown, but actually well known; considered to be dying, but actually—behold!—living; considered to be being disciplined, but actually not being put to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 9 fcb5 figs-activepassive ὡς ἀγνοούμενοι καὶ ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι 1 as if we were unknown and we are still well known If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who does the actions, Paul could be implying that he is: (1) **unknown** to many people but **known** to God. Alternate translation: “many people not knowing us, yet God knowing us well” (2) **unknown** to some people, but **known** to other people. Alternate translation: “some people not knowing us, yet others knowing us well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 9 x7bu figs-exclamations καὶ ἰδοὺ, ζῶμεν 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could use another form that draws the audience’s attention to the statement that follows. Alternate translation: “yet, and listen to this, living” or “yet most certainly living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 6 9 r1d9 figs-activepassive ὡς παιδευόμενοι καὶ μὴ θανατούμενοι 1 as being punished, and yet not being killed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who does the actions, Paul could be implying that: (1) God does them. Alternate translation: “God disciplining us yet not putting us to death” (2) other people do them. Alternate translation: “people disciplining us yet not putting us to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])\n
2CO 6 9 nqcv figs-abstractnouns μὴ θανατούμενοι 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **death**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “die” or “kill.” Alternate translation: “yet not being killed” or “not dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 10 so04 figs-explicit ὡς λυπούμενοι ἀεὶ δὲ χαίροντες, ὡς πτωχοὶ πολλοὺς δὲ πλουτίζοντες, ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες 1 Here, just as in the previous verse, Paul uses **as** to introduce what other people think about him and those with him and then **yet** or **but** to introduce what is really true about them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that naturally expresses a contrast between what people think and what is actually true. Alternate translation: “considered to be sorrowful, but actually always rejoicing; considered to be poor, but actually making many rich; considered to have nothing, but actually possessing all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 10 vydj figs-metaphor πολλοὺς…πλουτίζοντες 1 Here Paul speaks as if he and those with him made other people **rich**. He means that he helps people receive blessings from God, including forgiveness and new life, which makes them spiritually **rich**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or express the idea in plain language. Alternate translation: “making many spiritually rich” or “enabling many to receive new life, which is like being rich” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 10 pajk figs-nominaladj πολλοὺς 1 Paul is using the adjective **many** as a noun in order to refer **many** people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this one with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “many others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2CO 6 10 fpqg figs-explicit πάντα 1 Here Paul could be stating that they “possess”: (1) **all things** that Christ possesses. In other words, because Christ rules over everything, Paul and those with him also “possess” everything. Alternate translation: “all things in Christ” (2) **all** spiritual blessings, which are the important **things**. Alternate translation: “all spiritual blessings” or “everything that is really important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 11 mv85 figs-activepassive τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς, Κορίνθιοι, ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν πεπλάτυνται 1 our heart is opened wide If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the actions, Paul implies that he and those with him did them. Alternate translation: “We have opened our mouth toward you, Corinthians; we have opened our heart wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 11 v74j grammar-collectivenouns τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν…ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν 1 Our mouth has been opened to you Here Paul is speaking of all of their “mouths” and “hearts,” not of one particular **mouth** or **heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that refers to “mouths” and “hearts” in general. Alternate translation: “Each of our mouths … each of our hearts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
2CO 6 11 r815 figs-metonymy τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν…ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν 1 Here, the word **mouth** refers to the action of speaking with the **mouth**, and the word **heart** refers to the act of thinking and feeling with the **heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use words or phrases that refer to the actions rather than to where the actions occur. Alternate translation: “Our speaking … our feeling” or “How we speak … how we feel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 6 11 jvak figs-metaphor τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν ἀνέῳγεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 Here Paul speaks as he and those with had **opened** their mouths **toward** the Corinthians. He means that he and those with him have spoken what is true, and they have spoken confidently. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or plain language. Paul could be specifically referring to: (1) how he and those with him have interacted with the Corinthians in the past. Alternate translation: “We have always spoken confidently and truthfully to you” (2) what he has said in this letter so far. Alternate translation: “We have written confidently and truthfully to you ” (3) what he said in [6:3–10](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “We wrote those things to you confidently and truthfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 11 w42w figs-metaphor ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν πεπλάτυνται 1 Here Paul speaks as if he and those with him have **opened wide** their “hearts” to the Corinthians. He means that they love and care for the Corinthians. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or plain language. Alternate translation: “we have made room in our hearts for you” or “we love you very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 12 m2kq figs-metaphor οὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν, στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 Here Paul speaks about loving others as if it was about having space in one’s insides. When people have space for other people inside them (**not restricted**), they are loving and caring for them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or plain language. Alternate translation: “There is space for you in our hearts, but you do not have space for us in your hearts” or “You are being loved by us, but you are not fully loving us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 12 u4fz figs-activepassive οὐ στενοχωρεῖσθε ἐν ἡμῖν, στενοχωρεῖσθε δὲ ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 You are not restrained by us If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We are not restricting you, but your affections are restricting you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 12 xv9t translate-unknown ἐν τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 You are not restrained by us, but you are restrained in your affections Here, the word **affections** refers to the insides of a person where that person feels emotions, particularly emotions related to compassion and love. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to these emotions or to the place where people feel these emotions. Alternate translation: “in your love” or “in your heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2CO 6 12 p88s figs-abstractnouns τοῖς σπλάγχνοις ὑμῶν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **affections**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “feel.” Alternate translation: “what you feel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 13 ypsz figs-infostructure τὴν δὲ αὐτὴν ἀντιμισθίαν (ὡς τέκνοις λέγω) πλατύνθητε καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 Here, the clause **I speak as to children** is a parenthetical statement that breaks up the sentence to give more information about how Paul is speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could move the clause to wherever it is most natural to put a statement about how one is speaking. Alternate translation: “and—I speak as to children—in the same exchange, open yourselves wide also” or “and in the same exchange, open yourselves wide also—I speak as to children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 6 13 b62y figs-explicit τὴν…αὐτὴν ἀντιμισθίαν 1 Here, the phrase **same exchange** refers to how Paul and those with him have “opened their hearts” (that is, shown love) to the Corinthians. This is the first part of the **exchange**, and now Paul wants the Corinthians to complete this **exchange** by “opening themselves” to Paul and those with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express what is being “exchanged” more explicitly. Alternate translation: “now that we have opened our hearts to you, in exchange” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 6 13 zdfh figs-simile ὡς τέκνοις λέγω 1 Here Paul indicates that he is speaking as if he were addressing **children**. He could mean that: (1) he is using words and ideas that children use, particularly referring to the idea of **exchange**. Alternate translation: “I am using childish language” or “I speak as children speak to each other” (2) he is speaking to the Corinthians as if he was their father and they were his children. Alternate translation: “I speak to you who are like my own children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2CO 6 13 c6vp figs-metaphor πλατύνθητε καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 open yourselves wide also Here Paul continues to speak about loving others as if it was about having space in one’s insides. When people have space for other people inside them, they love and care for them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or plain language. See how you translated the similar clause at the end of [6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “make space in your hearts also” or “love us also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 14 qd33 figs-metaphor μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες ἀπίστοις 1 be yoked together with Here Paul refers to a farming practice in which two or more animals were **yoked together** with a piece of wood that was then connected to a plow or cart. In this way, the animals together pulled the plow or cart. Paul applies this farming practice to people to indicate that believers should not accomplish what God wants them to do by working with **unbelievers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not team up with unbelievers” or “Do not have a close relationship with unbelievers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 14 x89j figs-activepassive μὴ γίνεσθε ἑτεροζυγοῦντες 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who does the action, Paul implies that people do it to themselves. Alternate translation: “Do not yoke yourselves together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 6 14 v7kk grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Do not be yoked together with unbelievers Here, the word **For** introduces a some reasons why the Corinthians should be **yoked** with **unbelievers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces reasons for a command. Alternate translation: “because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 6 14 v7pw figs-rquestion τίς…μετοχὴ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀνομίᾳ, ἢ τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος? 1 For what association does righteousness have with lawlessness? Here Paul is using the question form to deny that something could be true. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could express the idea by using strong negations. Alternate translation: “righteousness and lawlessness cannot have partnership! Nor can light and darkness have fellowship!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 14 n5so figs-abstractnouns τίς…μετοχὴ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀνομίᾳ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **partnership**, **righteousness**, and **lawlessness**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “can righteous people and lawless people partner” or “can what is righteous partner with what is lawless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 14 xr52 figs-abstractnouns τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος? 1 For what fellowship does light have with darkness? If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **fellowship**, **light**, and **darkness**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “can what is bright go together with what is dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 14 h9ks figs-metaphor τίς κοινωνία φωτὶ πρὸς σκότος? 1 Here Paul speaks about how **light** and **darkness** do not have **fellowship**. He could be speaking about: (1) things and people that are good (**light**) and things and people that are evil (**darkness**). Alternate translation: “what fellowship do good people have with evil people” (2) God’s kingdom and people (**light**) and Satan’s kingdom and people (**darkness**). Alternate translation: “what fellowship does God’s kingdom have with Satan’s kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 15 r1vq figs-rquestion τίς δὲ συμφώνησις Χριστοῦ πρὸς Βελιάρ, ἢ τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου 1 What agreement can Christ have with Beliar? Here, just as in [6:14](../06/14.md), Paul is using the question form to deny that something could be true. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could express the idea by using strong negations. Alternate translation: “And Christ has no harmony with Beliar! Nor does a believer have a share with an unbeliever!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 15 f832 figs-abstractnouns τίς δὲ συμφώνησις Χριστοῦ πρὸς Βελιάρ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **harmony**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “agree” or “go together.” Alternate translation: “And does Christ go together with Beliar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 15 rm3r translate-names Βελιάρ 1 Beliar Here, the word **Beliar** is another name for the devil, who is also called Satan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include a footnote or short phrase that clarifies that **Beliar** is another name for Satan. Alternate translation: “Beliar, that is, Satan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2CO 6 15 jdq6 figs-abstractnouns τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **share**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “share.” Alternate translation: “what does a believer share with an unbeliever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 15 z9iv figs-genericnoun τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου 1 Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever? Here Paul is speaking of “believers” and “unbelievers” in general, not of one particular **believer** and one particular **unbeliever**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this form with a form that refers to “believers” and “unbelievers” in general. Alternate translation: “what share does any believer have with any unbeliever” or “what share do believers have with unbelievers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
2CO 6 16 y99x figs-rquestion τίς δὲ συνκατάθεσις ναῷ Θεοῦ μετὰ εἰδώλων? 1 And what agreement is there between the temple of God and idols? Here, just as in [6:14–15](../06/14.md), Paul is using the question form to deny that something could be true. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could express the idea by using a strong negation. Alternate translation: “And the temple of God has no agreement with idols!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2CO 6 16 m658 figs-abstractnouns τίς…συνκατάθεσις ναῷ Θεοῦ μετὰ εἰδώλων 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **agreement**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “agree.” Alternate translation: “does the temple of God agree with idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 6 16 jc79 grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces an explanation of what Paul said about **the temple of God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces an explanation. Alternate translation: “Now” or “As a matter of fact,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 6 16 s3l8 figs-exclusive ἡμεῖς 1 we are the temple of the living God Here, the word **we** refers to everyone who believes in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 6 16 aqql figs-metaphor ἡμεῖς…ναὸς Θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος 1 Here Paul speaks as if **we** were a **temple**. He explains this metaphor with the following quotation, which illustrates how God dwells with his people as their God. Since the **temple** is an important building in Paul’s culture, if possible you should preserve the language. If necessary, you could express the idea by using a simile form. Alternate translation: “we are like the temple of the living God” or “the living God dwells with us as if we were his temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 16 oc16 figs-idiom Θεοῦ…ζῶντος 2 Here, the phrase **the living God** identifies God as the one who “lives” and possibly as the one who gives “life.” The primary point is that God actually “lives,” unlike idols and other things that people call “god.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that emphasizes that God really “lives.” Alternate translation: “of the God who lives” or “of the true God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 6 16 es7t writing-quotations καθὼς εἶπεν ὁ Θεὸς 1 Here, the phrase **just as God said** introduces a quotation that supports what Paul has said about how **we are the temple of the living God**. The words Paul quotes could come from [Leviticus 26:12](../lev/26/12.md); [Jeremiah 31:33](../jer/31/33.md); and [Ezekiel 37:27](../ezk/37/27.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that the words that God speaks are from the Scriptures. Alternate translation: “just as God spoke through the prophets” or “as God spoke in the Old Testament” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 6 16 l298 figs-quotations εἶπεν…ὅτι ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐνπεριπατήσω, καὶ ἔσομαι αὐτῶν Θεός, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μου λαός 1 If you do not use this form in your language, you could translate the sentence as an indirect quote instead of as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “said that he would dwell among them, and walk among them; and he would be their God, and they themselves would be his people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 6 16 u5g3 figs-parallelism ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐνπεριπατήσω 1 I will dwell among them and walk among them. These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if the repetition might be confusing, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “I will dwell among them; yes, I will walk among them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 6 16 g0nl figs-metaphor ἐνπεριπατήσω 1 Here the author of the quotation speaks as if God would **walk** among his people. He means that God will be as close to his people as if he was “walking” around with them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or plain language. Alternate translation: “spend time with them” or “be close to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 6 16 vy1b figs-rpronouns αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί 1 Here, the word translated **themselves** switches focus from **God** to **they**. Consider using a natural way to switch the focus to **they** in your language. Alternate translation: “it is they who will be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
2CO 6 17 fe1z writing-quotations διὸ…λέγει Κύριος 1 General Information: Here Paul uses the words **Therefore** and **says the Lord** to introduce a quotation that provides a result or inference from what Paul said in the previous verse. Most of the quotation is from [Isaiah 52:11](../isa/52/11.md), but the phrase **and I will welcome you** is from a Greek translation of [Ezekiel 20:34](../ezk/20/34.md). The ULT indicates that the quote is from two different passages by using new quotation marks with the last line. However, it is recommended that you treat the whole verse as one quote in your translation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could introduce the quote in a natural way that shows it comes from the Old Testament. It may be more natural to move **says the Lord** to the beginning of the verse, as the UST does. Alternate translation: “Because of that … the Lord says {through the prophets}” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 6 17 vkex figs-quotations διὸ ἐξέλθατε ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν καὶ ἀφορίσθητε, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ ἀκαθάρτου μὴ ἅπτεσθε; κἀγὼ εἰσδέξομαι ὑμᾶς 1 If you do not use this form in your language, you could translate the sentence as an indirect quote instead of as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “Therefore the Lord says that you should come out from the midst of them, and be separate, and touch no unclean thing, and he will welcome you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 6 17 peek figs-parallelism ἐξέλθατε ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν καὶ ἀφορίσθητε 1 Here, these two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if the repetition might be confusing, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Come out from the midst of them; yes, be separate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 6 17 z5ld writing-pronouns αὐτῶν 1 be separate Here, the word **them** refers to people who do not follow God and who do not trust the Messiah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make explicit to whom the pronoun refers. Alternate translation: “of the unbelievers” or “of the people who do not follow God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 6 17 vfie figs-metonymy ἀκαθάρτου μὴ ἅπτεσθε 1 Here the author of the quotation uses the word **touch** to refer to interacting with someone in any way, not just by “touching” it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “interact with no unclean thing” or “avoid every unclean thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 6 17 jg48 grammar-connect-logic-result κἀγὼ 1 Here, the word **and** introduces what happens when people do what God commanded in the first part of the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that more clearly introduces a result. Alternate translation: “and then I” or “and when you do those things, I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 6 18 ft65 writing-quotations καὶ 1 Here uses the word **And** to introduce another quote from the Old Testament, specifically from [2 Samuel 7:8](../2sa/07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:14](../2sa/07/14.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that clarifies that Paul is quoting from the Old Testament. Alternate translation: “Again, as you can read in the Scriptures,” or “Even more, as it is written,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 6 18 o9h6 figs-quotations καὶ ἔσομαι ὑμῖν εἰς πατέρα, καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔσεσθέ μοι εἰς υἱοὺς καὶ θυγατέρας, λέγει Κύριος Παντοκράτωρ. 1 If you do not use this form in your language, you could translate the sentence as an indirect quote instead of as a direct quote. If you do, you may need to introduce the quote more clearly and specify to whom **I** refers. Alternate translation: “And it is written that God will be to you as a Father, and you will be to him as sons and daughters, as the Lord Almighty says.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 6 18 dks6 figs-parallelism ἔσομαι ὑμῖν εἰς πατέρα, καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔσεσθέ μοι εἰς υἱοὺς καὶ θυγατέρας 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if the repetition might be confusing, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “I will be to you as a Father; yes, you will be to me as sons and daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 7 intro hg36 0 # 2 Corinthians 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n4. Paul’s ministry (2:14–7:4)\n * Join with fellow believers, not unbelievers (6:11–7:4)\n5. Paul rejoices about Titus’ visit to the Corinthians (7:5–16)\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Boasting\n\nIn [7:4](../07/04.md), [14](../07/14.md), Paul refers to how he boasts about the Corinthians. What he means is that he tells people about how wonderful and great he thinks they are. It is important to indicate that Paul is not describing the Corinthians as better than they actually are. Rather, Paul indicates in [7:14](../07/14.md) that what he says about them is actually true. Use a word or phrase that refers to saying good things that are true about someone else. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/boast]])\n\n### Encouragement and comfort\n\nThe words for “encouragement” and “comfort” are very closely related. Sometimes it is not clear whether Paul is focusing more on the encouragement (which implies urging someone to act) or more on the comfort (which implies making someone feel better). If you have a word or phrase that can indicate both comfort and encouragement, you could use it in this chapter. Otherwise, consider which emphasis the context implies. Generally, the ULT models one option, and the UST models the other option. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/comfort]])\n\n### The previous letter\n\nIn [7:8–12](../07/08.md), Paul refers to a letter that he had already written and sent to the Corinthians. He has already referred to this letter in chapter 2. While a few scholars think this letter is 1 Corinthians, most likely we do not have this previous letter. Paul acknowledges that this previous letter might have “grieved” them, but he wants them to know that he wrote the letter to help them do what was right. In your translation, make sure that these verses refer to a letter that Paul previously wrote, not to 2 Corinthians.\n\n### Grief and sorrow\n\nThe words for being “grieved” and for “sorrow” are very closely related. Paul uses these words to refer to being hurt or feeling upset about something. Paul distinguishes between two kinds of “sorrow”: one that is with respect to God or godly, the other that is with respect to the world or worldly. If possible use a word or words that are general enough to refer to both kinds of “sorrow.” \n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Exclusive “we”\n\nThroughout this chapter, Paul uses the words “we,” “us,” and “our” to refer to himself and those who work with him. He does not include the Corinthians except in [7:1](../07/01.md). You should assume that Paul only means himself and those with him unless a note specifies otherwise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])\n\n### Switches between first person singular and first person plural\n\nThroughout this chapter, Paul switches between singular forms (“I”) and plural forms (“we”) of the first person. These switches are probably not just stylistic. Rather, they indicate when Paul is referring just to himself and when he is referring to himself and those who serve with him. If possible, preserve these switches in your translation. \n\n### What happened in Corinth\n\nIn this chapter, Paul continues to refer to something that happened in Corinth, something he already discussed in chapter 2. However, Paul gives even less details than he did in chapter 2 about what happened. What we know is that a person, probably a man, from the Corinthians’ group did something wrong and hurt some of the Corinthians and possibly also Paul. Paul in response wrote a severe letter, which “grieved” the Corinthians. Paul also sent Titus to Corinth to make sure that everything was resolved. In this chapter, Paul especially focuses on how happy he was to hear what Titus told him about how the Corinthians responded. Avoid providing more details in this chapter than Paul does, but make sure that your translation generally refers to events like these.
2CO 7 1 h5xv grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Beloved Here, the word **Therefore** introduces an inference from what Paul has already said, especially what he said in [6:16–18](../06/16.md) about being God’s temple and family. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an inference from a previous section. Alternate translation: “Because of that” or “On account of those things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 7 1 k46r grammar-connect-logic-result ἔχοντες 1 Here, the word **having** introduces a reason why believers should **cleanse** themselves. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship more explicit. Alternate translation: “since we have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 7 1 tytd figs-abstractnouns ταύτας…ἔχοντες τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **promises**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “promise” or “pledge.” Alternate translation: “having been promised these things” or “God having pledged these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 1 pw5n figs-explicit ταύτας…τὰς ἐπαγγελίας 1 Here Paul is referring to the **promises** from the Old Testament that he quoted in [6:16–18](../06/16.md), which indicate that believers are God’s people, that God will welcome them, and that they are God’s sons and daughters. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that clearly refers back to those **promises**. Alternate translation: “the promises that I have quoted” or “those promises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 1 gwjt figs-exclusive καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτοὺς 1 By **us** and **ourselves**, Paul means himself, those with him, and the Corinthians, so use the inclusive form of those words in your translation if your language marks that distinction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 7 1 fv49 figs-abstractnouns παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκὸς 1 let us cleanse ourselves If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **defilement**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “defile” or “corrupt.” Alternate translation: “anything that corrupts flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 1 f00w figs-explicit σαρκὸς καὶ πνεύματος 1 Here Paul uses the word **flesh** to refer to the outward part of people, particularly the body. He uses the word **spirit** to refer to the inward part of people, the part that thinks, feels, and makes decisions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use words that refer to similar parts of the person. Alternate translation: “of body and soul” or “of the physical and the spiritual” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 1 turq ἐπιτελοῦντες 1 Here, the word **perfecting** could introduce: (1) another thing that believers should do while they are “cleansing” themselves. Alternate translation: “and let us perfect” or “as we perfect” (2) the result of the “cleansing.” Alternate translation: “so that we perfect” (3) how they “cleanse” themselves. Alternate translation: “by perfecting”
2CO 7 1 c2xf figs-abstractnouns ἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην 1 perfecting holiness If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **holiness**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “holy.” Alternate translation: “perfecting how holy we are” or “growing to be perfectly holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 1 pt41 figs-possession φόβῳ Θεοῦ 1 in the fear of God Here Paul uses the possessive form to identify **fear** that is directed toward **God**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in a more natural way. See how you translated the similar phrase “fear of the Lord” in [5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “the fear that is directed to God” or “the fear that we experience for God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 7 1 xlet figs-abstractnouns ἐν φόβῳ Θεοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind fear, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “fear.” Alternate translation: “in how we fear God” or “through fearing God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 2 x55b figs-exclusive χωρήσατε ἡμᾶς; οὐδένα ἠδικήσαμεν, οὐδένα ἐφθείραμεν, οὐδένα ἐπλεονεκτήσαμεν 1 Here and in the rest of the chapter, by **us** and **we**, Paul means himself and those with him but not the Corinthians, so use the exclusive form of that word in your translation if your language marks that distinction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 7 2 c2yz figs-metaphor χωρήσατε ἡμᾶς 1 Here, just as in [6:11–13](../06/11.md), Paul speaks of loving others as if it was about having space in one’s insides. When people have space for other people inside them, they are loving and caring for them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or plain language. Alternate translation: “Show love for us” or “Make room in your hearts for us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 2 v4nu figs-doublet οὐδένα ἠδικήσαμεν, οὐδένα ἐφθείραμεν, οὐδένα ἐπλεονεκτήσαμεν 1 Connecting Statement: Here Paul uses three phrases with similar structure and meaning to strongly deny that he did anything to hurt any of the Corinthians. It is possible that the word **wronged** refers to doing something unjust, the word **ruined** refers to corrupting or perverting someone, and the phrase **took advantage of** refers to gaining money or things from somebody without doing anything in return. If the repetition would not communicate a strong denial in your language, or if you do not have three words for these ideas, you could express the idea with only one or two strong clauses. Alternate translation: “We wronged and took advantage of no one” or “We did not hurt any person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2CO 7 3 pgze figs-explicit οὐ λέγω 1 Here Paul refers to what he said in the previous verse about how he and those with him did not hurt anyone ([7:2](../07/02.md)). Here he wishes to clarify that he does not mean that it was the Corinthians who hurt people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this relationship more explicit. Alternate translation: “I did not speak what I just spoke” or “I did not write that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 3 bhb7 figs-abstractnouns πρὸς κατάκρισιν 1 I do not speak for your condemnation If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **condemnation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to condemn you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 3 ckpm figs-explicit προείρηκα 1 Here Paul refers back to what he said in [6:11](../06/11.md): “our heart has been opened wide.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this relationship more explicit. Alternate translation: “I told you earlier in this letter” or “I wrote above in this letter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 3 fay3 figs-metaphor ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν ἐστε 1 you are in our hearts Here Paul speaks as if the Corinthians were in the **hearts** of him and those with him. He means that they love the Corinthians very much. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable metaphor or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “you are in our affections” or “we love you very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 3 xzg3 figs-idiom εἰς τὸ συναποθανεῖν καὶ συνζῆν 1 for us to die together and to live together Here Paul refers to two extreme alternates, dying and living, to indicate that nothing that happens will keep him and those with him from loving the Corinthians. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “come what may” or “whatever may happen to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 7 4 uamr figs-abstractnouns πολλή μοι παρρησία πρὸς ὑμᾶς, πολλή μοι καύχησις ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **confidence** and **boasting**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “I am very confident about you; I boast greatly on your behalf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 4 yp45 figs-explicit μοι παρρησία πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 Here Pal could be saying that he: (1) is confident that they follow Christ and do what is right. Alternate translation: “is my confidence that you follow Christ” or “is my confidence that you are doing well” (2) can speak boldly or confidently to them. Alternate translation: “is my boldness in speaking to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 4 mh12 figs-activepassive πεπλήρωμαι τῇ παρακλήσει 1 I am filled with encouragement If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the Corinthians did it. Alternate translation: “You have filled me with encouragement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 4 k5t2 figs-abstractnouns τῇ παρακλήσει 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **encouragement**, you could express the idea by using a verbal form such as “comfort” or “cheer up.” Alternate translation: “how you comfort me” or “by how you cheer me up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 4 mx9b figs-metaphor ὑπερπερισσεύομαι τῇ χαρᾷ 1 I overflow with joy Here Paul speaks as if he were “overflowing” with **joy**. He means that he has so much **joy** that he feels like it has completely filled him up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “I am incredibly joyful” or “I have so much joy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 4 mr75 figs-abstractnouns ὑπερπερισσεύομαι τῇ χαρᾷ 1 even in all our afflictions If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **joy**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “rejoice” or an adjective such as “joyful.” Alternate translation: “I overflow as I rejoice” or “I overflow with how joyful I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 5 rt1p grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ γὰρ 1 Here, the phrase **For even** introduces further explanation of the “afflictions” that Paul mentioned in [7:4](../07/04.md). However, Paul is also speaking again about what he said in [2:13](../02/13.md) about traveling to Macedonia. Consider a natural way to reintroduce Paul’s travel plans, and if possible, use a word or phrase that introduces an explanation of the “afflictions.” Alternate translation: “Speaking of afflictions, I will tell you more about my journeys:” or “Now as for the travels I have spoken about,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 7 5 f3c5 figs-go ἐλθόντων ἡμῶν εἰς 1 When we came to Macedonia Here the phrase **having come to** refers to traveling from somewhere else to **Macedonia**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that identifies this kind of movement. Alternate translation: “having traveled to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
2CO 7 5 c8ju figs-synecdoche ἡ σὰρξ ἡμῶν 1 our flesh had no rest Here, the phrase **our flesh** refers to the whole person. Paul uses it to emphasize the physical or bodily nature of their suffering. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to the whole person and not just their **flesh**. Alternate translation: “we ourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2CO 7 5 zwwy figs-explicit οὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν 1 Here Paul continues what he was saying in [2:13](../02/13.md) about how he “had no relief” in his “spirit.” What he means is that traveling to **Macedonia** did not help with his concerns about Titus or his sufferings. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “had no relief from our sufferings and worries at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 5 byp3 figs-abstractnouns οὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **relief**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “relieve” or “rest.” Alternate translation: “was not relieved at all” or “could not rest at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 5 h3cv figs-activepassive θλιβόμενοι 1 we were troubled in every way If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, you could use a vague or indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “experiencing afflictions” or “people afflicting us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 5 i4wr figs-explicit ἔξωθεν μάχαι, ἔσωθεν φόβοι 1 by conflicts on the outside and fears on the inside Here, the word **without** identifies the source of the **conflicts** as external to Paul and those with him. The word **within** identifies the source of the **fears** as internal to Paul and those with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use words or phrases that similarly identify internal and external sources. Alternate translation: “conflicts from others, fears from ourselves” or “conflicts on the outside, fears on the inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 5 zkqr figs-abstractnouns ἔξωθεν μάχαι, ἔσωθεν φόβοι 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **conflicts** and **fears**, you could express the ideas by using verbs such as “quarrel” and “fear.” Alternate translation: “people fought us without, and we feared within” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 6 qdto grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλ’ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces a contrast with the “conflicts” and “fears” that Paul described in the previous verse ([7:5](../07/05.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “In spite of that,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
2CO 7 6 p3fw figs-distinguish ὁ παρακαλῶν τοὺς ταπεινοὺς 1 Here Paul adding more information about **God**. He is not distinguishing between different gods. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that clearly adds information instead of distinguishing between people. Alternate translation: “who is the one who comforts the humble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
2CO 7 6 oe9w figs-nominaladj τοὺς ταπεινοὺς 1 Paul is using the adjective **humble** as a noun in order to refer to all people who are **humble**. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this one with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “the humble people” or “those who are humble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2CO 7 6 uujt ἐν τῇ παρουσίᾳ Τίτου 1 Alternate translation: “by sending Titus to us”
2CO 7 7 z6jd figs-abstractnouns ἐν τῇ παρακλήσει ᾗ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **comfort**, you could express the idea in another natural way. Alternate translation: “by how” or “by what you did so that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 7 w7td figs-activepassive παρεκλήθη ἐφ’ ὑμῖν 1 by the comfort that Titus had received from you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you comforted him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 7 nypy ἀναγγέλλων 1 Here, the word **reporting** introduces how Paul knows about the **comfort** that the Corinthians gave to Titus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that naturally introduces how Paul knows about what happened in Corinth. Alternate translation: “since he reported” or “which we heard about when he reported”
2CO 7 7 ljis figs-abstractnouns τὴν ὑμῶν ἐπιπόθησιν, τὸν ὑμῶν ὀδυρμόν, τὸν ὑμῶν ζῆλον ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **longing**, **mourning**, and **zeal**, you could express the idea in another natural way. Alternate translation: “how you longed for me, how you mourned, and how you were anxious to do what I asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 7 hzt6 figs-explicit τὴν ὑμῶν ἐπιπόθησιν, τὸν ὑμῶν ὀδυρμόν, τὸν ὑμῶν ζῆλον ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ 1 Here, the phrase **for my sake** modifies all three items in this list. The Corinthians experience **longing** to see Paul, they experience **mourning** because they grieved Paul, and they have **zeal** for Paul. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make these ideas more explicit. Alternate translation: “your longing for me, your mourning concerning me, and your zeal for my sake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 7 xojr figs-activepassive με…χαρῆναι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the Corinthians or their actions did it. Alternate translation: “you caused me to rejoice” or “what you did caused me to rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 7 fifc figs-explicit μᾶλλον 1 Here, Paul speaks about how his “joy” after Titus’ report is **even more** than the joy that he already described in [7:4](../07/04.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the comparison more explicit. Alternate translation: “even more than I already had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 8 zuvp grammar-connect-words-phrases ὅτι 1 Here, the word **For** introduces Paul’s explanation of why he “rejoices even more” (see [7:7](../07/07.md)). This explanation continues in [7:9](../07/09.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an explanation. Alternate translation: “Here is why I rejoice even more:” or “That is because,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 7 8 ptq2 grammar-connect-condition-fact εἰ καὶ 1 Here Paul is speaking as if grieving them were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it was actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Paul is saying is not certain, then you could express the idea by using a word such as “although” or “though.” Alternate translation: “although” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact]])
2CO 7 8 lzww figs-explicit τῇ ἐπιστολῇ…ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ἐκείνη 1 Here Paul again refers to a letter that he previously sent to them. See how you referred to this letter in [2:3–9](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “my previous letter … the letter” or “the letter that I sent you before … that letter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 8 wlbh figs-infostructure εἰ καὶ μετεμελόμην (βλέπω ὅτι ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ἐκείνη, εἰ καὶ πρὸς ὥραν ἐλύπησεν ὑμᾶς) 1 Here, the phrase **Even though I did regret {it}** could go with: (1) “now I rejoice” in [7:9](../07/09.md). In other words, although Paul may have regretted sending the letter, now he rejoices. Alternate translation: “Although I did regret it—I see that that letter grieved you, if only for an hour—” (2) **seeing**. In other words, Paul may have regretted sending the letter because “saw” that it **grieved** the Corinthians. If you use the following alternate translation, you will need to begin a new sentence with the following verse. Alternate translation: “Even though I did regret it, it was because I see that that letter grieved you, if only for an hour.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 7 8 b552 grammar-connect-condition-contrary εἰ καὶ μετεμελόμην 1 Here, the phrase **Even though** could introduce: (1) something that Paul did not actually do. In other words, Paul wishes to indicate that he might have “regretted” sending the letter, but there is no possibility of that now. Alternate translation: “Even though I might have regretted it” (2) something that Paul did in the past but does not do now. In other words, Paul wishes to indicate that he “regretted” sending the letter after he sent, but he does not regret it now. Alternate translation: “Even though I did regret it then” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary]])
2CO 7 8 vk7m figs-metonymy βλέπω 1 when I saw that my letter Here, the word **seeing** refers generally to “knowing” something, not just to looking with one’s eyes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word that clearly refers to knowing. Alternate translation: “I recognize” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 7 8 ftuo translate-textvariants βλέπω 1 Here, some manuscripts have “for I see,” and a few manuscripts have “seeing.” However, the best manuscripts have “I see.” Unless your readers are already familiar with one of these other wordings, it is best to follow the ULT here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
2CO 7 8 b2xj grammar-connect-condition-fact εἰ καὶ 3 General Information: Here Paul is speaking as if being grieved **for an hour** were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it was actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Paul is saying is not certain, then you could express the idea by using a word such as “though.” Alternate translation: “though only” or “although just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact]])
2CO 7 8 ob23 figs-idiom πρὸς ὥραν 1 Here Paul uses the word **hour** to refer to a short period of time, but he does not specify how short. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression that refers to a short period of time. Alternate translation: “for a moment” or “for a short while” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 7 9 z820 figs-infostructure οὐχ ὅτι ἐλυπήθητε, ἀλλ’ ὅτι ἐλυπήθητε εἰς μετάνοιαν 1 not because you were distressed If your language would not naturally put the negative statement before the positive statement, you could reverse the two clauses here. Alternate translation: “that you were grieved to the point of repentance, not that you were grieved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 7 9 kn5q figs-activepassive ἐλυπήθητε -1 not because you were distressed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that he himself or his letter did it. Alternate translation: “I grieved you … I grieved you … I grieved you” or “my letter grieved you … it grieved you … my letter grieved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 9 i8n0 figs-abstractnouns εἰς μετάνοιαν 1 not because you were distressed If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **repentance**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “repent.” Alternate translation: “so that you repented” or “in such a way that you repented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 9 lmw9 κατὰ Θεόν 1 not because you were distressed Here, the phrase **with respect to God** indicates that how the Corinthians **were grieved** was how God desires people to be grieved. In other words, their “grief” was pleasing to God or “godly.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that expresses this idea more clearly. Alternate translation: “in a godly way” or “as God approves”
2CO 7 9 cg0o Θεόν, ἵνα 1 not because you were distressed Here, the word translated **so that** could introduce: (1) a result. Alternate translation: “God, with the result that” (2) a purpose. Alternate translation: “God in order that”
2CO 7 9 l6d2 figs-explicit ἐν μηδενὶ ζημιωθῆτε ἐξ ἡμῶν 1 you would not suffer loss in anything through us Here Paul explains that the Corinthians were not harmed or injured in any way by how they **were grieved**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “you did not lose anything because of us” or “you were not harmed in any way by us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 10 y0gi grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 For the sorrow that God intends produces repentance that leads to salvation Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of what Paul said in the previous verse ([7:9](../07/09.md)) about “grief with respect to God” and how it does not lead to “suffering loss.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces further explanation. Alternate translation: “In fact,” or “Indeed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 7 10 dtm3 figs-explicit ἡ…κατὰ Θεὸν λύπη 1 For the sorrow that God intends produces repentance that leads to salvation Here Paul uses words very similar to those he used in [7:9](../07/09.md): “you were grieved with respect to God.” Use a similar form to what you used there. Alternate translation: “the godly sorrow” or “the sorrow that God approves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 10 wmtx figs-abstractnouns ἡ…κατὰ Θεὸν λύπη, μετάνοιαν εἰς σωτηρίαν ἀμεταμέλητον ἐργάζεται 1 For the sorrow that God intends produces repentance that leads to salvation If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind **sorrow**, **repentance**, **salvation**, and **regret**, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “being grieved with respect to God causes people to repent so that they are saved and do not regret being grieved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 10 lc4m figs-explicit ἀμεταμέλητον 1 without regret Here, the phrase **without regret** could describe: (1) how those who have **sorrow with respect to God** do not experience **regret**. Alternate translation: so there is no regret” (2) how Paul does not have **regret** for how he caused the Corinthians to feel **sorrow**. Alternate translation: “so that I do not have any regret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 10 lc1s figs-possession ἡ δὲ τοῦ κόσμου λύπη 1 But the sorrow of the world produces death Here Paul uses the possessive form to describe the kind of **sorrow** that the **world** experiences. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in a more natural way. Alternate translation: “But worldly sorrow” or “But the sorrow that is characteristic of this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 7 10 t234 figs-metonymy τοῦ κόσμου 1 But the sorrow of the world produces death Here, the word **world** refers to the people in the world who do not believe in Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to this group of people. Alternate translation: “of unbelievers” or “of other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 7 10 uwz5 figs-abstractnouns θάνατον κατεργάζεται 1 But the sorrow of the world produces death If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **death**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “die.” Alternate translation: “leads these people to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 10 s94l figs-explicit θάνατον 1 But the sorrow of the world produces death Here, the word **death** refers not only to physical **death** but also to spiritual **death**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “spiritual death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 11 hz1x grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves Here, the word **For** introduces a specific example of what Paul said in the previous verse about how “sorrow with respect to God works repentance towards salvation” ([7:10](../07/10.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a specific example, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “In fact,” or “In your case,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 7 11 gpp2 figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could use another form that draws the audience’s attention to the statement that follows. Alternate translation: “look at” or “consider” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 7 11 uxa4 figs-abstractnouns αὐτὸ τοῦτο…πόσην κατειργάσατο ὑμῖν σπουδήν 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **earnestness**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “earnest.” Alternate translation: “how earnest this same thing caused you to be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 11 hpyz figs-explicit αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ κατὰ Θεὸν λυπηθῆναι…κατειργάσατο ὑμῖν 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves Here, the phrase **to be made sorrowful with respect to God** further defines what **this same thing** is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this relationship in a more natural form. Alternate translation: “this same thing, that is, to be made sorrowful with respect to God, produced in you” or “this same experience of being made sorrowful with respect to God produced in you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 11 qnsg figs-activepassive λυπηθῆναι 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that he himself did it. Alternate translation: “to feel sorrowful” or “that I made you sorrowful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 11 t7uk figs-explicit κατὰ Θεὸν 1 what earnestness, what eagerness to defend yourselves Here, just as in [7:9–10](../07/09.md), the phrase **with respect to God** indicates that how the Corinthians were **sorrowful** was how God desires people to be sorrowful. In other words, their “sorrow” was pleasing to God or “godly.” See how you expressed the idea in [7:9–10](../07/09.md). Alternate translation: “in a godly way” or “as God approves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 11 h6jc figs-abstractnouns ἀλλὰ ἀπολογίαν, ἀλλὰ ἀγανάκτησιν, ἀλλὰ φόβον, ἀλλὰ ἐπιπόθησιν, ἀλλὰ ζῆλον, ἀλλὰ ἐκδίκησιν 1 what avenging of wrong If your language does not use abstract nouns for some or all of these ideas, you could express the ideas in a more natural way. Each of the items in the list refers to one way that the Corinthians responded to the incident that caused Paul to write the previous letter that “grieved” them. Make sure that how you express the Corinthians’ responses fits with this situation. Alternate translation: “you were eager to defend yourselves, you were indignant, you were fearful, you were anxious to see us, you were zealous, and you were quick to punish the wrongdoer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 11 tcvv figs-explicit τῷ πράγματι 1 what avenging of wrong Here, the phrase **this matter** refers to what happened at Corinth that caused Paul to write the previous letter. Paul has already discussed this incident in [2:3–11](../02/03.md), so he simply refers to it here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that similarly refers to something that has already happened and that has already been discussed. Alternate translation: “in this incident” or “in what was done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 12 d4uc grammar-connect-logic-result ἄρα 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God Here, the word **So** introduces an inference or conclusion from what Paul said in [7:8–11](../07/08.md) about the letter and its results. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an inference or conclusion. Alternate translation: “Therefore,” or “As you can see,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 7 12 n0qv figs-explicit ἔγραψα 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God Here, the phrase **I wrote** refers to the previous letter that Paul sent to the Corinthians. See how you translated “I wrote” in [2:3–4](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “I wrote that letter” or “I sent the letter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 12 tqcb figs-activepassive ἀδικηθέντος 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the person **having done wrong** did it. Alternate translation: “whom that person wronged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 12 i6sn figs-activepassive τοῦ φανερωθῆναι τὴν σπουδὴν ὑμῶν, τὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that he or his letter did it. Alternate translation: “I might reveal to you your earnestness which is on our behalf” or “my letter might reveal to you your earnestness which is on our behalf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 12 rqr2 figs-abstractnouns τὴν σπουδὴν ὑμῶν, τὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν 1 your good will toward us should be made known to you in the sight of God If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **earnestness**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “earnest.” Alternate translation: “how earnest you are on our behalf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 12 ycy7 figs-metaphor ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God Here, Paul refers to something being revealed **before God** to indicate a close connection to God. See how you translated the phrase **before God** in [4:2](../04/02.md). The phrase could indicate that: (1) God testifies to or approves the Corinthians’ **earnestness**. Alternate translation: “with God testifying to it” (2) the Corinthians recognize their **earnestness** when they are in God’s presence. Alternate translation: “in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n
2CO 7 13 afti writing-pronouns διὰ τοῦτο 1 For this reason we are encouraged Here, the word **this** refers to what Paul has said in [7:6–12](../07/06.md) about how the Corinthians treated Titus and how they responded to Paul’s letter. If it would be helpful in your language, you make the reference of **this** more explicit. Alternate translation: “Because of those things” or “Because you responded in those ways,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 7 13 kn2q figs-activepassive διὰ τοῦτο παρακεκλήμεθα 1 For this reason we are encouraged If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that the Corinthians or their actions did it. Alternate translation: “Because of this, you have encouraged us” or “So then, what you did has encouraged us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 13 f3xr grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 For this reason we are encouraged Here, the word **Now** introduces a development of the ideas from the previous sentence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a development, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 7 13 axyk figs-abstractnouns τῇ παρακλήσει ἡμῶν 1 For this reason we are encouraged If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **encouragement**, you could express the idea by using a verb such as “encourage.” Alternate translation: “how we have been encouraged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 13 k6gm figs-abstractnouns τῇ χαρᾷ Τίτου 1 For this reason we are encouraged If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind **joy**, you could express the idea by using an adjective such as “joyful.” Alternate translation: “how joyful Titus was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 13 n69e figs-metaphor ἀναπέπαυται τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ πάντων ὑμῶν 1 For this reason we are encouraged Here Paul speaks as if Titus’ **spirit** were a tired body that needed to be **refreshed**. He could mean that Titus: (1) was encouraged or given new energy. Alternate translation: “he was encouraged by all of you” or “he was energized by all of us” (2) was no longer worried about the Corinthians. Alternate translation: “he stopped worrying about all of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 7 13 v2g6 figs-activepassive ἀναπέπαυται τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ πάντων ὑμῶν 1 his spirit was refreshed by all of you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of you had refreshed his spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 14 c72a grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 For if I boasted to him about you Here, the word **For** introduces another reason why Paul and those with him “rejoiced even more abundantly” ([7:13](../07/13.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “Also, we rejoiced since,” or “Further,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 7 14 b4uq grammar-connect-condition-fact εἴ τι αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κεκαύχημαι, οὐ κατῃσχύνθην 1 For if I boasted to him about you Paul is speaking as if his boasting about the Corinthians were a possibility, but he means that it is actually true. He uses this form to introduce what he said about the Corinthians that might have caused him to be **ashamed** if it were not true. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that introduces something that Paul did that might have led to being **ashamed**. Alternate translation: “I was not ashamed because of what I had boasted to him about you” or “what I boasted to him about you did not cause me to be ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact]])
2CO 7 14 m22c figs-activepassive οὐ κατῃσχύνθην 1 I was not embarrassed If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the Corinthians. Alternate translation: “I did not feel shame” or “you did not shame me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 7 14 wrxa figs-explicit πάντα…ἐλαλήσαμεν ὑμῖν 1 I was not embarrassed Here Paul could be referring to: (1) everything he has told the Corinthians, including the gospel. Alternate translation: “we spoke everything we have told you” (2) specifically what he told the Corinthians about his travel plans. Alternate translation: “we spoke to you about our travel plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 14 t1za figs-abstractnouns ἐν ἀληθείᾳ 1 I was not embarrassed If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **truth**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “truthfully” or “in a truthful way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 14 q5hg figs-abstractnouns ἡ καύχησις ἡμῶν ἡ ἐπὶ Τίτου ἀλήθεια ἐγενήθη 1 our boasting about you to Titus proved to be true If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **boasting** and **truth**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “what we boasted about became true with reference to Titus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 15 p2ja figs-abstractnouns τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ περισσοτέρως εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐστιν 1 the obedience of all of you If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **affections**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “he loves you more more abundantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 15 qm18 figs-explicit περισσοτέρως 1 the obedience of all of you Here, the phrase **more abundant** could indicate that: (1) Titus has more **affections** for them than he did before he visited them. Alternate translation: “more abundant than before” (2) Titus simply has a great deal of **affections**. Alternate translation: “very abundant” or “great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 15 ezep grammar-connect-logic-result ἀναμιμνῃσκομένου 1 the obedience of all of you Here, the word **remembering** introduces a reason why Titus’ **affections** are **more abundant**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “since he remembers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 7 15 gp09 figs-explicit τὴν πάντων ὑμῶν ὑπακοήν 1 the obedience of all of you Here, the Corinthians’ **obedience** could be directed toward: (1) Paul and those with him, including Titus. Alternate translation: “the obedience of all of you to us” (2) just Titus. Alternate translation: “the obedience of all of you to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 15 d87j figs-abstractnouns τὴν πάντων ὑμῶν ὑπακοήν 1 the obedience of all of you If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **obedience**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how all of you obeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 15 uagc figs-explicit μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου 1 the obedience of all of you Here the Corinthians’ **fear** could be directed toward: (1) Titus as Paul’s representative. Alternate translation: “with fear and trembling with respect to him” (2) the consequences of what had happened. Alternate translation: “with fear and trembling because of what had happened” (3) God, whom Titus represented. Alternate translation: “with and trembling with respect to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 7 15 dtni figs-abstractnouns μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου 1 the obedience of all of you If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **fear** and **trembling**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “as you feared and trembled” or “fearfully and nervously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 7 15 g9bz figs-doublet φόβου καὶ τρόμου 1 you welcomed him with fear and trembling The terms **fear** and **trembling** mean similar things. Paul is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “great fear” or “deep respect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2CO 7 16 hr3w figs-explicit θαρρῶ ἐν ὑμῖν 1 you welcomed him with fear and trembling The implication is that Paul is **confident** that the Corinthians are doing what is right or proper. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I am confident that you do what is proper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 intro kl7m 0 # 2 Corinthians 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n6. Giving for the gospel (8:1–9:15)\n * Example of the Macedonians (8:1–6)\n * Paul appeals to the Corinthians to give generously (8:7–9:5)\n\nSome translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quotation from [Exodus 16:18](../exo/16/18.md) in [8:15](../08/15.md).\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### The collection for the church in Jerusalem\n\nThroughout this chapter, Paul encourages the Corinthians to finish collecting the money they were going to contribute to what Paul was gathering to send to the believers in Jerusalem. Paul sometimes calls participating in this collection a “grace.” He often refers to this collection indirectly, which was a polite way to talk about financial matters in his culture. If people in your culture speaks more directly about financial matters, you may need to make some of the ideas more explicit. In order to encourage the Corinthians to give to this collection, Paul tells them that the Macedonian believers have already given generously ([8:1–5](../08/01.md)), states reasons why the Corinthians should give ([8:6–15](../08/06.md)), and assures the Corinthians that the people who are managing the collection are trustworthy ([8:16–24](../08/16.md)). Make sure that your translation includes these elements that encourage the Corinthians to give to the collection.\n\n### The generosity of the Macedonians\n\nIn [8:1–5](../08/01.md), Paul tells the Corinthians about how the Macedonian believers contributed generously to the collection even though they were poor and suffering. He does this to encourage the Corinthians also to give generously. While Paul does not directly compare how much the Corinthians and Macedonians have given, he does use the Macedonians as an example. Your translation should clearly present the Macedonians as an example to imitate.\n\n### Equality\n\nIn [8:13–14](../08/13.md), Paul indicates that one of the reasons for the collection is “equality” among believers. He does not mean that every believer must have exactly the same amount of possessions and money. What he does mean is that believers who have much should share with believers who have little. He wants all believers to be doing “equally” well. So, while this does not mean that everyone has exactly the same amount of possessions and money, it does mean that some believers should not be rich when others are poor. Consider how you might express the idea of general, although not exact, “equality.”\n\n### Titus and two traveling companions\n\nIn [8:16–23](../08/16.md), Paul commends Titus and then introduces and commends the two men who travel with him. Most likely, these three men traveled together and carried Paul’s letter (2 Corinthians) with them. Paul does not name the two men, but he does indicate that they are trustworthy and should be respected. If you have normal ways of introducing and commending people, you could use them here. \n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Exclusive “we”\n\nThroughout this chapter, Paul uses the words “we,” “us,” and “our” to refer to himself and those who work with him. He does not include the Corinthians. You should assume that Paul only means himself and those with him unless a note specifies otherwise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
2CO 8 1 mm8g grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Connecting Statement: Here, the word **Now** introduces a new topic. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a new topic, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 1 d3pn figs-metaphor ἀδελφοί 1 Connecting Statement: Paul is using the term **brothers** to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “fellow Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 1 a73v figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 Connecting Statement: Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If you retain the metaphor in your translation, and if it would be helpful in your language, you could say “brothers and sisters” to indicate this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2CO 8 1 nqwf figs-possession τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Connecting Statement: Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe **grace** that comes from **God**. If this is not clear in your language, you could use a form that makes it clear. Alternate translation: “the grace from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 8 1 phws figs-abstractnouns τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Connecting Statement: If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the gift of God” or “what comes graciously from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 1 d1mj figs-activepassive τὴν δεδομένην 1 the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was God. Alternate translation: “that he has given” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 1 xnfz figs-explicit τῆς Μακεδονίας 1 the grace of God that has been given to the churches of Macedonia As Paul indicates in [7:5](../07/05.md), he is in **Macedonia** when he writes this letter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate that this place was Paul’s location when he wrote the letter. Alternate translation: “of Macedonia, where I am currently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 2 zjd7 ὅτι 1 the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity (1) further explain or define the “grace of God” in [8:1](../08/01.md). (2) support or give a reason for what Paul said in [8:1](../08/01.md).
2CO 8 2 usu2 figs-possession πολλῇ δοκιμῇ θλίψεως 1 the abundance of their joy and the extremity of their poverty have produced great riches of generosity Here Paul is using the possessive form to describe a **severe trial** that is made up of or characterized by **affliction**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “a severe trial that afflicted them” or “affliction, which was a severe trial” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 8 2 b7k5 figs-abstractnouns ἡ περισσεία τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτῶν καὶ ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν 1 the abundance of their joy If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **abundance**, **joy**, and **poverty**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “how very joyful they were and how deeply poor they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 2 a6td figs-metaphor ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν 1 the abundance of their joy Here Paul is speaking of **poverty** as if it were a **deep** hole. He means that they were very poor. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their extreme poverty” or “their great poverty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 2 pr8c figs-metaphor τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 their deep poverty … the riches of their generosity Here Paul is speaking of **generosity** as if it were **riches**. He means that these people had very much **generosity**, just like a “rich” person has very much money. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the greatness of their generosity” or “how much generosity they had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 2 z6mt figs-possession τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 the riches of their generosity Here Paul is using the possessive form to describe **riches** that could: (1) indicate how much **generosity** these people had. Alternate translation: “their rich generosity” (2) be made up of **generosity**. Alternate translation: “the riches that are their generosity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 8 2 hcgh figs-abstractnouns τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν 1 the riches of their generosity If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **generosity**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how richly generous they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 3 muo6 grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 the riches of their generosity Here, the word **For** introduces a support for what Paul said in the previous verse ([8:2](../08/02.md)) about the “riches of their generosity.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces support for a claim. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” or “As a matter of fact,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 8 3 tf8b figs-abstractnouns κατὰ δύναμιν…παρὰ δύναμιν 1 the riches of their generosity If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **ability**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “they gave according to what they were able to give … beyond what they were able to give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 3 wxoh figs-idiom αὐθαίρετοι 1 the riches of their generosity Here, the phrase **of their own accord** indicates that no one forced or required the believers in Macedonia to act as they did. Rather, they chose to do so on their own. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression. Alternate translation: “of their own free will” or “because they wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 8 3 soq9 figs-infostructure αὐθαίρετοι 1 the riches of their generosity Here, the phrase **of their own accord** could modify: (1) the implied **gave** in this verse. Alternate translation: “which they did of their own accord” (2) “pleaded” in the following verse ([8:4](../08/04.md)). If you use the following alternate translate, you will need to remove the comma at the end of this verse. Alternate translation: “and that of their own accord and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 8 4 tfsj figs-abstractnouns δεόμενοι ἡμῶν, τὴν χάριν καὶ τὴν κοινωνίαν τῆς διακονίας τῆς 1 this ministry to the saints If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **favor**, **fellowship**, and **ministry**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “they pleaded with us to favor them and allow them to take part in ministering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 4 jdqw figs-hendiadys τὴν χάριν καὶ τὴν κοινωνίαν 1 this ministry to the saints The two words **favor** and **fellowship** work together to express a single idea. The word **fellowship** describes what **the favor** is. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “the favor of the fellowship” or “the gift of fellowship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
2CO 8 4 nmw8 figs-explicit τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 1 this ministry to the saints Here Paul does not give very many details about the **ministry** because he had already told the Corinthians about it in [1 Corinthians 16:1–4](../1co/16/01.md). From that passage and other passages, we know that Paul was collecting money from various churches to send to Jerusalem to help the believers there. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make it more explicit that this is what Paul is talking about. Alternate translation: “of this ministry that is for the saints in Jerusalem” or “of this ministry of sending money to the Jerusalem saints” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 5 y9sj figs-explicit οὐ καθὼς ἠλπίσαμεν, ἀλλ’ 1 this ministry to the saints Here Paul is implying that the Macedonians did more than Paul and those with him had **hoped**, not that they did less. If this clause would imply that the Macedonians did less, you could use a form that implies that they did more. Alternate translation: “while we had hoped for something, they did more:” or “doing more than we had hoped,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 5 t73o figs-metaphor ἑαυτοὺς ἔδωκαν, πρῶτον 1 this ministry to the saints Here Paul speaks as if the Macedonians were gifts that they themselves **gave** to **the Lord** and to **us**. He means that the Macedonians chose to completely serve and honor **the Lord** and **us**. If it would be helpful in your language, you express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “they first devoted themselves” or “they chose first to be servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 5 w0el πρῶτον…καὶ 1 this ministry to the saints Here, the words **first** and **then** could indicate what is: (1) more and less important. Alternate translation: “primarily … and secondarily” (2) first and second in sequence. Alternate translation: “first … and second”
2CO 8 5 k4pa καὶ ἡμῖν 1 this ministry to the saints Here, the phrase **and then** could introduce: (1) what comes after what they **first** did. Alternate translation: “and after that to us” (2) the second part of what they **first** did. Paul implies that what comes after what they **first** did is giving money. Alternate translation: “and to us before they gave money”
2CO 8 5 m2mg figs-ellipsis καὶ ἡμῖν 1 this ministry to the saints Here Paul is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and then they gave themselves to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2CO 8 5 kq0n figs-infostructure ἑαυτοὺς ἔδωκαν, πρῶτον τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ἡμῖν, διὰ θελήματος Θεοῦ 1 this ministry to the saints Here, the phrase **by the will of God** could modify: (1) how the Corinthians both gave themselves to **the Lord** and to **us**. Alternate translation: “by the will of God they first gave themselves to the Lord and then to us” (2) just how the Corinthians gave themselves to **us**. Alternate translation: “they first gave themselves to the Lord and then, by the will of God, to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 8 5 kphi figs-abstractnouns διὰ θελήματος Θεοῦ 1 this ministry to the saints If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **will**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “as God wanted” or “which is what God desires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 6 z42y figs-explicit καθὼς προενήρξατο 1 he had already begun this task Here Paul could be implying that Titus already **began**: (1) the **grace**, which is collecting money for the believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “just as he began this grace” (2) to work for the sake of the Corinthians in general. Alternate translation: “just as he began to serve you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 6 vn4u figs-explicit καὶ τὴν χάριν ταύτην 1 he would complete among you this act of grace Here, the word **grace** refers to what it did in [8:4](../08/04.md): being able to contribute money to what Paul was collecting for believers in Jerusalem. If possible, translate it as you did in [8:4](../08/04.md). Alternate translation: “this gift as well” or “this gracious act of giving as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 6 i4jd figs-abstractnouns καὶ τὴν χάριν ταύτην 1 he would complete among you this act of grace If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what you also are graciously contributing” or “what you also are giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 7 x7cd grammar-connect-words-phrases ἀλλ’ 1 you should abound in this act of grace Here, the word **But** introduces a new section. It is does not primarily contrast with what Paul has already said, although it does introduce a change in focus from the Macedonians and Titus to the Corinthians. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a new a section or a change in focus. Alternate translation: “Now” or “In your case,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 7 mv4w figs-hyperbole ἐν παντὶ 1 you should abound in this act of grace Paul says **everything** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “in so many things” or “in very many ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2CO 8 7 iu8n figs-abstractnouns πίστει, καὶ λόγῳ, καὶ γνώσει, καὶ πάσῃ σπουδῇ, καὶ τῇ ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν ἀγάπῃ 1 you should abound in this act of grace If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, **speech**, **knowledge**, **earnestness**, and **love**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “that is, you are faithful, proper in what you speak, knowledgable about many things, very earnest, and full of how we have loved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 7 hy1o translate-textvariants ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν 1 you should abound in this act of grace Many ancient manuscripts read **from us in you**. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “from you in us.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
2CO 8 7 zhg5 ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν 1 you should abound in this act of grace Here, the phrase **from us in you** could indicate that: (1) the **love** is how Paul and those with him feel about the Corinthians. Alternate translation: “that we have for you” (2) Paul and those with him enabled or caused the Corinthians to have **love**. Alternate translation: “that came from us and is now in you”
2CO 8 7 gqz3 figs-explicit ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ χάριτι 1 you should abound in this act of grace Here, the word **grace** refers to what it did in [8:4](../08/04.md), [6](../08/06.md): being able to contribute money to what Paul was collecting for believers in Jerusalem. If possible, translate it as you did in those verses. Alternate translation: “in this gift” or “in this gracious act of giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 7 fpe1 figs-abstractnouns ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ χάριτι 1 you should abound in this act of grace If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in what you are graciously contributing” or “in what you are giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 8 mc1z writing-pronouns λέγω 1 to test … through the diligence of others The pronoun **this** refers to what Paul said in the previous verse about how the Corinthians “should abound in this act of grace” ([8:7](../08/07.md)). If this is not clear for your readers, you could more clearly refer to that exhortation. Alternate translation: “I say what I just did” or “I say that you should abound in this way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 8 8 up6m figs-abstractnouns κατ’ ἐπιταγὴν 1 to test … through the diligence of others If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **command**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to command you” or “in a commanding way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 8 xgi5 figs-abstractnouns διὰ τῆς ἑτέρων σπουδῆς&τὸ τῆς ὑμετέρας ἀγάπης γνήσιον 1 to test … through the diligence of others If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **genuineness**, **love**, and **earnestness**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “that how you love others is genuine through how earnest others are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 8 wn2k figs-explicit διὰ τῆς ἑτέρων σπουδῆς 1 to test … through the diligence of others Here, the phrase **through the earnestness of others** indicates the standard by which Paul is **proving** the **love** of the Corinthians. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the standard by which something else is proved or tested. Alternate translation: “in comparison with the earnestness of others” or “against the earnestness of others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 8 x7fs figs-nominaladj ἑτέρων 1 to test … through the diligence of others Paul is using the adjective **others** as a noun to mean other people, particularly other believers. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “of other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2CO 8 9 irzk grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 the grace of our Lord Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the Corinthians should give money to help fellow believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “That is because,” or “Now you should abound in giving because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 8 9 c1ch figs-abstractnouns τὴν χάριν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 the grace of our Lord If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the gift of our Lord Jesus Christ” or “what our Lord Jesus Christ has graciously done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 9 iz6z figs-metaphor δι’ ὑμᾶς ἐπτώχευσεν, πλούσιος ὤν, ἵνα ὑμεῖς τῇ ἐκείνου πτωχείᾳ πλουτήσητε 1 though he was rich, for your sakes he became poor Here, Paul is speaking of what God considers valuable, including blessings, power, and honor, as if it were wealth. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea with a simile or plain language. Alternate translation: “he became like a poor person for your sake, though he was like a rich person, so that by what was like that one’s poverty, you might become like rich people” or “he gave up blessings and honor for your sake, though he had great blessings and honor, so that by giving those things up, you might receive blessings and honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 9 j5ym figs-abstractnouns τῇ ἐκείνου πτωχείᾳ 1 through his poverty you might become rich If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **poverty**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by that one being poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 10 ymz5 figs-abstractnouns γνώμην ἐν&δίδωμι 1 In this matter If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **opinion**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I offer you how I think about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 10 b7ht writing-pronouns ἐν τούτῳ 1 In this matter Here, the word **this** could refer to: (1) the issue that Paul is speaking about, which is the Corinthians collecting money for believers in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “about this grace of giving” or “about collecting money” (2) what Paul is about to say. Alternate translation: “in what follows” or “in what I am about to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 8 10 azlo writing-pronouns τοῦτο 1 In this matter Here, the word **this** could refer to: (1) the Corinthians hearing Paul’s **opinion**. Alternate translation: “listening my opinion” (2) how Paul is giving an **opinion** instead of a command. Alternate translation: “an opinion instead of a command” (3) giving money. Alternate translation: “the act of giving” or “collecting money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 8 10 z8kg figs-distinguish ὑμῖν&οἵτινες 1 In this matter Here, the word **who** could introduce: (1) further information about what the Corinthians were doing. In this case, it describes the Corinthians instead of distinguishing them from other people. Alternate translation: “for you, who” (2) what kind of people the Corinthians are. In this case, it distinguishes the Corinthians from other people and describes them as the kind of people for whom **this is profitable**. Alternate translation: “for you, you who” or “for you since you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
2CO 8 10 spzy figs-infostructure οὐ μόνον τὸ ποιῆσαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ θέλειν, προενήρξασθε ἀπὸ πέρυσι 1 In this matter If your language would not naturally put the negative statement before the positive statement, you could reverse the two clauses here. Paul is emphasizing **desire**, so consider a natural way to emphasis this part of the sentence. Alternate translation: “certainly desired to begin to do this and did not just begin to do it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 8 10 mt5f figs-explicit τὸ ποιῆσαι&τὸ θέλειν 1 In this matter In these phrases, Paul is speaking about collecting money for the believers in Jerusalem. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to collect money for the Jerusalem believers … to do desire to do so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 11 himo grammar-connect-words-phrases νυνὶ δὲ 1 there was the readiness of your desire Here, the phrase **But now** introduces an exhortation for what to do in the present time as opposed to what they already did “a year ago” (see [8:10](../08/10.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that transitions from the past to the present. Alternate translation: “So at this present time,” or “At this time,“ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 11 fc27 figs-abstractnouns καθάπερ ἡ προθυμία τοῦ θέλειν 1 there was the readiness of your desire If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **readiness** and **desire**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “just you were ready and willing to do it” or “just as you were eager and wanted to do it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 11 d6ly figs-abstractnouns καὶ τὸ ἐπιτελέσαι 1 there may be the completion If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **completion**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “also you may complete it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 11 rgl0 figs-explicit ἐκ τοῦ ἔχειν 1 there may be the completion Here, the phrase **from what you have** indicates that Paul wants the Corinthians to give some of the things or money that they own. He does not want them to borrow money or give everything that they own. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this idea explicit. Alternate translation: “from what you are able” or “with you giving what you can afford” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 12 c50n grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 according to whatever a person has Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of what Paul said in the previous verse ([8:11](../08/11.md)) about giving “from what you have.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces further explanation. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” or “I say that you should give from what you because,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 12 tgch grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical εἰ 1 according to whatever a person has Paul uses the word **if** to indicate that this is a hypothetical condition. In other words, what people give will only be **acceptable** if **the readiness is already there**. Use a natural form in your language for introducing one thing that is a requirement for another thing. Alternate translation: “as long as” or “given that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
2CO 8 12 mx7f figs-abstractnouns ἡ προθυμία πρόκειται 1 according to whatever a person has If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **readiness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “someone is ready” or “a person is already eager” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 12 c2zc figs-explicit καθὸ&εὐπρόσδεκτος 1 according to whatever a person has Here Paul does not state what is **fully acceptable**. He implies that it is whatever they give that is **fully acceptable**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “it is fully acceptable to give” or “whatever one gives is fully acceptable according to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 12 k9wh figs-gendernotations οὐκ ἔχει 1 according to whatever a person has Although the word **he** is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “what one does not have” or “what he or she does not have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2CO 8 13 mp6k grammar-connect-logic-result οὐ γὰρ 1 For this Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of what Paul said in the previous verse ([8:13](../08/13.md)) giving “according to whatever one might have.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces further explanation. Alternate translation: “As you can see, I want you to give not” or “I say that because my goal is not” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 8 13 iyop figs-ellipsis οὐ 1 For this Here Paul is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. Paul implies that he is speaking about the goal or purpose of giving to other believers. The ULT supplies very general words here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more specific words. Alternate translation: “I do not want you to give” or “we give to fellow believers not” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2CO 8 13 smk2 figs-infostructure οὐ&ἵνα ἄλλοις ἄνεσις, ὑμῖν θλῖψις, ἀλλ’ ἐξ ἰσότητος 1 for the ease of others, and your affliction If your language would not naturally put the negative statement before the positive statement, you could reverse the two clauses here. Alternate translation: “this is out of equality, not so that there is relief for others but tribulation for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 8 13 zht9 figs-abstractnouns ἄλλοις ἄνεσις, ὑμῖν θλῖψις 1 for the ease of others, and your affliction If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **relief** and **tribulation**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “others are relieved but you are troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 13 y6xj figs-infostructure ὑμῖν&ἀλλ’ ἐξ ἰσότητος 1 for the ease of others, and your affliction Here, the phrase **but out of equality** could: (1) contrast with what Paul has said in this verse about some having **relief** and others having **tribulation**. Alternate translation: “for you, but so that there is equality” (2) introduce what Paul says in the following verse about believers sharing “abundance.” If you use the following alternate translation, you will need to remove the capital letter at the beginning of the following verse. Alternate translation: “for you. Rather, out of equality,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
2CO 8 13 no45 figs-explicit ἐξ ἰσότητος 1 for the ease of others, and your affliction Here, the phrase **out of equality** could provide: (1) the basis or principle for giving and sharing. Alternate translation: “because the goal is equality” or “from the principle of equality” (2) the desired result from giving and sharing. Alternate translation: “so that everyone is equal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 13 ktd1 figs-abstractnouns ἐξ ἰσότητος 1 for the sake of equality If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **equality**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “focusing on everyone being equal” or “we are trying to make everyone equal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 14 um8e figs-explicit ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ, τὸ ὑμῶν περίσσευμα εἰς τὸ ἐκείνων ὑστέρημα, ἵνα καὶ τὸ ἐκείνων περίσσευμα γένηται εἰς τὸ ὑμῶν ὑστέρημα 1 This is also so that their abundance may supply your need Here, the phrase **At the present time** could refer to: (1) how things were when Paul wrote this letter. In this case, Paul is telling the Corinthians that they have more than the Jerusalem believers do, and so they should help. In the future, if the Jerusalem believers have more than the Corinthians, they will help the Corinthians. Alternate translation: “At this time, your abundance of money is for the lack of those ones, so that also the abundance of money of those ones may be for your need in the future” (2) the time between Christ’s first and second comings. In this case, Paul is telling the Corinthians that they should help the Jerusalem believers financially, and the Jerusalem believers will help them spiritually. Alternate translation: “In this new age, your abundance of money is for the lack of those ones, so that also the spiritual abundance of those ones may be for your need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 14 uqyp figs-abstractnouns τὸ ὑμῶν περίσσευμα εἰς τὸ ἐκείνων ὑστέρημα 1 This is also so that their abundance may supply your need If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **abundance** and **lack**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “what you abundantly possess is for what those ones lack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 14 jkwe figs-abstractnouns τὸ ἐκείνων περίσσευμα γένηται εἰς τὸ ὑμῶν ὑστέρημα 1 This is also so that their abundance may supply your need If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **abundance** and **need**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “what those ones abundantly possess may be for what you need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 14 om8r figs-abstractnouns γένηται ἰσότης 1 This is also so that their abundance may supply your need If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **equality**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “everyone is equal” or “everyone does equally well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 15 xpr7 writing-quotations καθὼς γέγραπται 1 as it is written Here Paul quotes from the Old Testament scriptures, specifically from [Exodus 16:18](../exo/16/18.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could format these words in a different way, or you could include this information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “just as it is written in the Scriptures” or “just as you can read in Exodus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
2CO 8 15 ue8w figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 as it is written If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the person who wrote the book of Exodus. Alternate translation: “someone wrote in Exodus” or “it says in Exodus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 15 db2r figs-quotations γέγραπται, ὁ τὸ πολὺ, οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν; καὶ ὁ τὸ ὀλίγον, οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν 1 as it is written It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “it is written that the one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 8 15 u28y figs-explicit ὁ τὸ πολὺ, οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν; καὶ ὁ τὸ ὀλίγον, οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν 1 did not have too little Here Paul is quoting from a story about how God led the Israelites through the desert. They did not have much food, so God miraculously made something like bread appear on the ground for them. The Israelites called the food “Manna,” and God commanded each of them to gather a specific amount for each person. This amount was just right, which is what this quotation describes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include some of this information in your translation or a in a footnote. Alternate translation: “Any Israelite who gathered much Manna did not have too much, and any Israelite who gathered little Manna did not have too little” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 15 ahrp figs-genericnoun ὁ τὸ -1 did not have too little The phrase **the one** represents people in general, not one particular person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Those … those” or “Everyone … everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
2CO 8 16 w40p grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 same earnest care Here, the word **But** introduces a new section. Paul is again speaking about **Titus**, whom he last mentioned in [8:6](../08/06.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a new section, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Now” or “Next,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 16 w8zo figs-exclamations χάρις&τῷ Θεῷ 1 same earnest care Here, **thanks {be} to God** is an exclamatory phrase that communicates Paul’s thankfulness. Use an exclamation form that is natural in your language for communicating thanks. Alternate translation: “we give thanks to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
2CO 8 16 dgpj figs-distinguish τῷ διδόντι 1 same earnest care Here Paul adding more information about **God**. He is not distinguishing between different gods. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that clearly adds information instead of distinguishing between people. Alternate translation: “who has placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
2CO 8 16 duy8 figs-metaphor τῷ διδόντι τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ Τίτου 1 same earnest care Here, Paul is speaking as if **earnestness** were an object that **God** could put **into the heart of Titus**. He means that God made **the heart of Titus** earnest. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the one making the same earnestness on your behalf characterize the heart of Titus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 16 yhr2 figs-explicit τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν 1 same earnest care Here, the word **same** indicates that the **earnestness** that Titus has is the same **earnestness** that Paul and those with him have. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “the same earnestness that we have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 16 vsm3 figs-abstractnouns διδόντι τὴν αὐτὴν σπουδὴν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ Τίτου 1 same earnest care If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **earnest**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “making the heart of Titus earnest on your behalf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 16 cr18 figs-metonymy τῇ καρδίᾳ Τίτου 1 who put into Titus’ heart the same earnest care that I have for you In Paul’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by using plain language. Alternate translation: “the mind of Titus” or “what Titus wants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 8 17 d9he grammar-connect-words-phrases ὅτι 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Here, the word **For** introduces an explanation of one way in which Titus showed the “earnestness” that Paul referred to in the previous verse ([8:16](../08/16.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an explanation or basis for a previous statement. Alternate translation: “In fact,” or “For example,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 17 e4xn figs-explicit τὴν&παράκλησιν 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Here Paul implies that the **appeal** was for Titus to visit the Corinthians. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “our appeal that he visit you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 17 g404 figs-go ἐξῆλθεν 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Most likely, Titus and those who traveled with him took this letter to the Corinthians. In a context such as this, your language might say “come” instead of **gone**. Alternate translation: “he has come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
2CO 8 17 jlyp figs-pastforfuture ἐξῆλθεν 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Most likely, Titus and those who traveled with him took this letter from Paul to the Corinthians. Use whatever tense is most natural for referring to this action. Alternate translation: “he is going” or “he went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2CO 8 17 dlo1 figs-idiom αὐθαίρετος 1 For he not only accepted our appeal Here, the phrase **of his own accord** indicates that no one forced or required Titus to act as he did. Rather, they he to do so on their own. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression. See you how translated the similar phrase in [8:3](../08/03.md). Alternate translation: “of his own free will” or “because he wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 8 18 txld grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 with him Here, the word **Now** introduces a development of the ideas from the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a development, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Further,” or “Also,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 18 crw1 figs-pastforfuture συνεπέμψαμεν 1 with him Here Paul refers to how he and those with him sent another believer along with Titus. Use the same tense that you used in the previous verse for Titus’ travel. Alternate translation: “we are sending together” or “we sent together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2CO 8 18 rje2 figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν 1 with him Paul is using the term **brother** to mean a person who shares the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the believer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 18 jll9 figs-abstractnouns οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος&διὰ πασῶν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν 1 the brother who is praised among all of the churches If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **praise**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “who is praised throughout all of the churches” or “whom people from all of the churches praise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 18 nd28 figs-explicit ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ 1 the brother who is praised among all of the churches Here, the phrase **in the gospel** describes generally in what area this **brother** is praised. Paul means that this **brother** acts to spread the gospel. This probably includes preaching the good news, but it probably also includes many other acts of service, including visiting believers and collecting money for other believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “for his service to the gospel” or “for spreading the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 19 j9rk figs-explicit οὐ μόνον&ἀλλὰ 1 Not only this Here, the phrase **not only this** refers to how this “brother” received praise from all the churches. Paul uses this phrase to introduce something he thinks is even more important about this “brother.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces something even more important. Alternate translation: “even more,” or “more importantly,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 19 c667 figs-activepassive καὶ χειροτονηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν 1 he also was selected by the churches If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “also the churches chose him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 19 q5on figs-explicit σὺν 1 he also was selected by the churches Here, the phrase **along with** indicates what the person **was chosen** to help with. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “so that he could help with” or “with the intent that he could assist in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 19 pgtn figs-explicit τῇ χάριτι ταύτῃ 1 he also was selected by the churches Here, the word **grace** refers to what it did in [8:6–7](../08/06.md): being able to contribute money to what Paul was collecting for believers in Jerusalem. If possible, translate it as you did in those verses. Alternate translation: “this gift” or “this gracious act of giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 19 mkwm figs-abstractnouns τῇ χάριτι ταύτῃ 1 he also was selected by the churches If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “the gift” or “what people are graciously giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 19 k7dy figs-activepassive τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν 1 along with this act of grace which is being administered by us If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that we are administering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 19 iph0 figs-abstractnouns πρὸς τὴν τοῦ Κυρίου δόξαν 1 along with this act of grace which is being administered by us If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **glory**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to glorify the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 19 lvyu figs-explicit προθυμίαν ἡμῶν 1 along with this act of grace which is being administered by us Here Paul implies that they have **readiness** to help fellow believers, particularly the fellow believers in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “our readiness to help others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 19 v22x figs-abstractnouns προθυμίαν ἡμῶν 1 our readiness If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **readiness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how ready we are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 20 tfv0 στελλόμενοι 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out Here, the word **avoiding** introduces Paul’s reason for including this fellow believer in the process of collecting and distributing money. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase here that introduces a reason for doing something. Alternate translation: “we included him to avoid” or “our goal was to avoid”
2CO 8 20 o27q figs-extrainfo τοῦτο, μή τις 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out Here Paul introduces what he and those with him wish to avoid by using the word **this**, and then he states what it is that they do not want to happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different form that identifies what Paul wishes to avoid. Alternate translation: “how someone” or “any possibility that a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
2CO 8 20 a3ps figs-abstractnouns ἐν τῇ ἁδρότητι ταύτῃ τῇ διακονουμένῃ 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **generosity**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “concerning what people generously offered that is being administered” or “concerning the generous gift being administered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 20 mbm3 figs-explicit τῇ ἁδρότητι ταύτῃ 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out Here, the word **generosity** refers to the large sum of money that Paul has collected and plans to give to the believers in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “this large sum of money” or “this generous sharing with the believers in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 20 a7xv figs-activepassive τῇ διακονουμένῃ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν 1 concerning this generosity that we are carrying out If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that we are administering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 8 21 n4x1 grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 For we considered beforehand what is right Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of what Paul said in the previous verse ([8:20](../08/20.md)) about avoiding blame from others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces further explanation, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 21 ey5n figs-metaphor καλὰ, οὐ μόνον ἐνώπιον Κυρίου, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐνώπιον ἀνθρώπων 1 before the Lord … before people Here Paul speaks as if **{what is} good** were in front of or **before** both **the Lord** and **men**. He means that he cares about both what **men** and **the Lord** think is **good**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “not only what is good in the Lord’s eyes, but also what is good in men’s eyes” or “not only what the Lord considers to be proper, but also what men consider to be proper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 21 fitv figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 before the Lord … before people Although the term **men** is masculine, Paul is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “humans” or “men and women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2CO 8 22 mdcs grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 with them Here, the word **Now** introduces a new idea, which is that Paul is sending one more person with Titus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a new idea, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Further,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 8 22 j5jt figs-pastforfuture συνεπέμψαμεν 1 with them Here Paul refers to how he and those with him sent yet another believer along with Titus. Use the same tense that you used in [8:17](../08/17.md) for Titus’ travel. Alternate translation: “we are sending” or “we have sent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])\n
2CO 8 22 ax5x figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἡμῶν 1 with them Paul is using the term **brother** to refer to a person who shares the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “another believer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 22 d3yj writing-pronouns αὐτοῖς 1 with them Here, the word **them** refers to Titus and the previously mentioned brother. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make explicit to whom the pronoun refers. Alternate translation: “with these two men” or “with Titus and the other brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 8 22 qqcs figs-explicit ὃν ἐδοκιμάσαμεν 1 with them Here, the phrase **whom we proved** could indicate that Paul and those with him have: (1) tested the **brother**, and he successfully passed the tests. Alternate translation: “whom we proved by testing” or “whom we tested and approved” (2) seen what the **brother** does, and they approve of him. Alternate translation: “whom we are sure about” or “of whom we approve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 22 bay7 figs-explicit πολλοῖς, πολλάκις σπουδαῖον ὄντα 1 with them Here, the phrase **often being eager** identifies what this **brother** was **proved** to be. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this connection more explicit. Alternate translation: “many ways to often be eager” or “in many ways that he was often eager” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 22 l5yd figs-explicit πολὺ σπουδαιότερον 1 with them Here Paul implies that the **brother** is **even more eager** than he was when Paul and those with him **proved** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “he is even more eager than he was before” or “he is more eager than ever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 22 cusu figs-abstractnouns πεποιθήσει πολλῇ τῇ εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 with them If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **confidence**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “because of how very confident he is in you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 22 iw9e figs-explicit πεποιθήσει πολλῇ τῇ εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 with them Here Paul implies that the **brother** has **confidence** that the Corinthians will do what is right, particularly that they will give generously to help the believers in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “because of his great confidence that you will give generously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 23 dbgj figs-doublet κοινωνὸς ἐμὸς καὶ εἰς ὑμᾶς συνεργός 1 he is my partner and fellow worker for you The terms **partner** and **fellow worker** mean similar things. Paul is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “he is my partner in working for you” or “he is my fellow worker for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2CO 8 23 mmi2 figs-metaphor ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν 1 he is my partner and fellow worker for you Paul is using the term **brothers** to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “our fellow believers” or “those believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 23 lat3 figs-explicit ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν 1 As for our brothers Here, the phrase **our brothers** refers to the two other men who will accompany Titus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “our two brothers” or “the brother we mentioned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 23 u8lx figs-possession ἀπόστολοι ἐκκλησιῶν 1 they are sent by the churches Here, Paul is using the possessive form to describe **messengers** who were sent by **the churches**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “they are messengers sent by the churches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 8 23 sams figs-explicit δόξα Χριστοῦ 1 an honor to Christ Here, the phrase **a glory of Christ** describes the **brothers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this clearer. Alternate translation: “and they are a glory of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 8 23 re88 figs-possession δόξα Χριστοῦ 1 an honor to Christ Here Paul uses the possessive to describe **glory** that belongs to **Christ**. He could mean more specifically that: (1) the brothers give **glory** to **Christ**. Alternate translation: “and they glorify Christ” (2) what the brothers do shows the **glory** that **Christ** has. Alternate translation: “and they show how glorious Christ is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2CO 8 23 a8v2 figs-abstractnouns δόξα Χριστοῦ 1 an honor to Christ If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **glory**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “glorifying Christ” or “who show that Christ is glorious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 8 24 wpzy grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 an honor to Christ Here, the word **Therefore** introduces an exhortation based on what Paul has said in the previous verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces this kind of exhortation. Alternate translation: “Because of that” or “Since that is who they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 8 24 wk4y figs-extrainfo τὴν&ἔνδειξιν τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν, καὶ ἡμῶν καυχήσεως ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν 1 an honor to Christ Here Paul wants the Corinthians to **prove** the **proof**. If this form is redundant in your language, you could express the idea without using the word **proof**. Alternate translation: “that your love is real and that our boasting about you is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
2CO 8 24 lr1f figs-metaphor εἰς πρόσωπον τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν 1 an honor to Christ He Paul speaks as if the **proof** was directly in front of the **faces of the churches**. What he means is that the **proof** is something that the **churches** can see and know about. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “in the sight of the churches” or “with the knowledge of the churches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 8 24 oc83 figs-abstractnouns τὴν&ἔνδειξιν τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν, καὶ ἡμῶν καυχήσεως ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν 1 an honor to Christ If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **proof** and **love**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “that you do love others and what we boasted about you is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 intro lt8d 0 # 2 Corinthians 9 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verse 9, which is quoted from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br><br>Paul uses three agricultural metaphors. He uses them to teach about giving to needy believers. The metaphors help Paul explain that God will reward those who give generously. Paul does not say how or when God will reward them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])
2CO 9 1 wc5l 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues on the subject of giving. He wants to make sure that the collection of their offering for the needy believers in Jerusalem takes place before he comes so that it does not seem as though he takes advantage of them. He talks about how giving blesses the giver and glorifies God.
2CO 9 1 fxs3 figs-explicit τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 1 the ministry that is for the saints This refers to the collection of money to give to the believers in Jerusalem. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the ministry for the believers in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 2 rd2g translate-names Ἀχαΐα 1 General Information: When Paul refers to **Achaia**, he is talking about a Roman province located in southern Greece where Corinth is located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2CO 9 2 i529 figs-metonymy Ἀχαΐα παρεσκεύασται 1 Achaia has been ready Here the word **Achaia** refers to the people who live in this province, and specifically to the people of the church in Corinth. Alternate translation: “the people of Achaia have been preparing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 9 3 r5pp τοὺς ἀδελφούς 1 the brothers Here, **the brothers** refers to Titus and the two men who accompany him.
2CO 9 3 k1er μὴ τὸ καύχημα ἡμῶν, τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, κενωθῇ 1 our boasting about you may not be futile Paul does not want others to think that the things that he had boasted about the Corinthians were false.
2CO 9 4 j8ey εὕρωσιν ὑμᾶς ἀπαρασκευάστους 1 find you unprepared Alternate translation: “find you unprepared to give”
2CO 9 5 q1up figs-go τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς, ἵνα προέλθωσιν εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 the brothers they they would come to you From Paul’s perspective, **the brothers** are going. Alternate translation: “the brothers to come to you beforehand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
2CO 9 5 nm2n figs-activepassive μὴ ὡς πλεονεξίαν 1 not as forced If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not as something that we forced you to give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 9 6 mm9w figs-metaphor ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως, φειδομένως καὶ θερίσει; καὶ ὁ σπείρων ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις, ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις καὶ θερίσει 1 the one who sows … will also reap in blessings Paul uses the image of a farmer sowing seeds to describe the results of giving. As a farmer’s harvest is based on how much he **sows**, so will God’s **blessings** be little or much based on how generously the Corinthians give. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 7 tzt4 figs-metonymy καθὼς προῄρηται τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 let each one give as he has decided in his heart Here, **heart** refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: “just as he has determined” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 9 7 whg6 figs-abstractnouns μὴ ἐκ λύπης ἢ ἐξ ἀνάγκης 1 not reluctantly or under compulsion If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas behind the words **sorrow** and **compulsion**, you can express the same idea with verbal forms. Alternate translation: “not because he feels guilty or because someone is compelling him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 7 t26d ἱλαρὸν γὰρ δότην ἀγαπᾷ ὁ Θεός 1 for God loves a cheerful giver God wants people to give gladly to help provide for fellow believers.
2CO 9 8 cz9b figs-metaphor δυνατεῖ δὲ ὁ Θεὸς, πᾶσαν χάριν περισσεῦσαι εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 God is able to make all grace overflow for you Here, **grace** is spoken of as if it were a physical object of which a person can have more than he can use. As a person gives financially to other believers, **God** also gives to the giver everything he needs. Alternate translation: “God is able to give you more than you need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 8 zxz9 χάριν 1 grace Here, **grace** refers to the physical things a Christian needs, not to the need for God to save him from his sins.
2CO 9 8 u8w6 περισσεύητε εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν 1 you may abound in every good work Alternate translation: “so that you may be able to do more and more good deeds”
2CO 9 1 wc5l grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Connecting Statement: Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation concerning why Paul and those with him boast about the Corinthians (see [8:24](../08/24.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a further explanation, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Now,” or “Indeed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 9 1 fxs3 figs-explicit τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 1 the ministry that is for the saints Here Paul is referring specifically to the **ministry** of collecting and giving money to the **saints** in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make what Paul is referring to more explicit. Alternate translation: “the ministry that is to the saints in Jerusalem” or “the money that we are collecting for the Jerusalem saints” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 1 kpvg figs-abstractnouns τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς 1 the ministry that is for the saints If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **ministry**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how we minister to” or “what we are doing for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 1 wcuz περισσόν μοί ἐστιν τὸ γράφειν ὑμῖν 1 the ministry that is for the saints Alternate translation: “it is really not necessary for me to write to you”
2CO 9 2 o55j grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 General Information: Here, the word **For** introduces the reason why it is “excessive” for Paul to write to the Corinthians about the collection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “It is excessive since” or “Indeed,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 9 2 yt00 figs-abstractnouns τὴν προθυμίαν ὑμῶν 1 General Information: If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **readiness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how ready you are” or “that you are ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 2 e62g figs-explicit τὴν προθυμίαν ὑμῶν&παρεσκεύασται&ἠρέθισε τοὺς πλείονας 1 Achaia has been ready Paul never directly states what the Corinthians and the Macedonians are ready or about to do. He implies that it is to give to the collection for the believers in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “your readiness to help fellow believers … has been ready to help … stirred up most of them to help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 2 jqee figs-quotations ὅτι Ἀχαΐα παρεσκεύασται ἀπὸ πέρυσι, καὶ 1 General Information: It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “saying, ‘Achaia has been ready since last year,’ and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2CO 9 2 rd2g translate-names Ἀχαΐα 1 General Information: **Achaia** is the name of a Roman province in the southern part of modern-day Greece. The city of Corinth was in this province. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2CO 9 2 i529 figs-metonymy Ἀχαΐα παρεσκεύασται 1 Achaia has been ready Here, the word **Achaia** refers to the believers who live in this province. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to the people directly instead of just to the place. Alternate translation: “the Christians in Achaia have been ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 9 2 zdgk figs-abstractnouns τὸ ὑμῶν ζῆλος 1 Achaia has been ready If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **zeal**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how zealous you are” or “how you have acted zealously has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 2 ynu8 figs-metaphor ἠρέθισε τοὺς πλείονας 1 Achaia has been ready Here Paul speaks as if the **zeal** of the Corinthians could stir up or provoke the believers in Macedonia. He means that the Corinthians’ **zeal** encourages or motivates the Macedonians to act. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “challenged most of them” or “motivated most of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 3 x7t9 grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 the brothers Here, the word **But** introduces a contrast a with what Paul has said in [9:1–2](../09/01.md) about how eager the Corinthians are. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “On the other hand,” or “Despite that,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
2CO 9 3 vdla figs-pastforfuture ἔπεμψα 1 the brothers Here Paul refers to how he sent the two believers and Titus when he sent this letter. Use the same tense that you used in [8:17](../08/17.md) for Titus’ travel. Alternate translation: “I am sending” or “I have sent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2CO 9 3 r5pp figs-explicit τοὺς ἀδελφούς 1 the brothers Here, the word **brothers** refers to Titus and the two fellow believers who travel with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “these brothers” or “the three brothers I have mentioned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 3 lcx8 figs-metaphor τοὺς ἀδελφούς 1 the brothers Paul is using the term **brothers** to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the believers” or “the Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 3 k1er figs-explicit ἐν τῷ μέρει τούτῳ 1 our boasting about you may not be futile Here, the phrase **this matter** identifies the topic that Paul is speaking about: giving to the collection for the Jerusalem believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “in this matter of giving to the Jerusalem believers” or “in this matter of contributing to the collection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 3 d69o figs-explicit παρεσκευασμένοι ἦτε 1 our boasting about you may not be futile Here Paul implies that he wants them to **be ready** to give to the collection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “you might be ready to contribute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 3 tdw5 figs-explicit καθὼς ἔλεγον 1 our boasting about you may not be futile Here, the phrase **I was saying** refers back to what Paul wrote in [9:2](../09/02.md) about how he tells the Macedonian believers that the Corinthians have been prepared to give since the previous year. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “as I was saying to the Macedonians” or “as I was saying that you were ready since last year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 4 iwg7 grammar-connect-logic-contrast μή πως 1 find you unprepared Here, the word **Otherwise** introduces a possible situation in which the Corinthians would be **unprepared** in contrast to what Paul said in the previous verse about them being “ready.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a contrasting situation. Alternate translation: “However” or “But if that did not happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
2CO 9 4 dov9 grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical ἐὰν ἔλθωσιν σὺν ἐμοὶ Μακεδόνες, καὶ εὕρωσιν ὑμᾶς ἀπαρασκευάστους 1 find you unprepared Here Paul introduces something that could happen when Paul visits them. There are two things that Paul thinks are possibilities. First, **Macedonians** might travel with him. Second, the Corinthians might be **unprepared**. Paul wishes to say that if both these things were to happen, both he and the Corinthians would be **ashamed**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that introduces something that might happen. Alternate translation: “suppose that Macedonians come with and find you unprepared; in that case” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical]])
2CO 9 4 j8ey figs-explicit ἀπαρασκευάστους 1 find you unprepared Here Paul implies that they would be **unprepared** to give money to the collection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate: “unprepared to contribute” or “unprepared to give generously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 4 dy3x figs-activepassive καταισχυνθῶμεν ἡμεῖς, ἵνα μὴ λέγωμεν ὑμεῖς, ἐν τῇ ὑποστάσει ταύτῃ 1 find you unprepared If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this situation would shame us—not to mention you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 9 4 wyzr figs-idiom καταισχυνθῶμεν ἡμεῖς, ἵνα μὴ λέγωμεν ὑμεῖς, ἐν 1 find you unprepared Here, the phrase **not to mention you** indicates that Paul thinks that the Corinthians would obviously be **ashamed**, even more than Paul and those with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that expresses that idea. Alternate translation: “we, and most surely you, would be ashamed by” or “we—to say nothing of you—would be ashamed by” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2CO 9 4 vhme figs-explicit τῇ ὑποστάσει ταύτῃ 1 find you unprepared Here, the phrase **this situation** could refer to: (1) what would actually happen if the Corinthians were **unprepared** in contrast to what Paul had told the Macedonians would happen. Alternate translation: “what would actually be true” or “what had happened” (2) how sure Paul had been that the Corinthians would be ready. Alternate translation: “how confident we were” or “this confidence” (3) the project that Paul was undertaking, which was the collection of money for the Jerusalem believers. Alternate translation: “our project” or “what we were planning to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 4 rz1f translate-textvariants τῇ ὑποστάσει ταύτῃ 1 find you unprepared Here most ancient manuscripts read **this situation**. The ULT follows that reading. Some ancient manuscripts read “this situation of boasting.” Most likely, the phrase “of boasting” was added by accident because it appears in the similar phrase in [11:17](../11/17.md). So, it is recommended that you use the reading of the ULT. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])\n
2CO 9 5 v9y2 grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 the brothers they they would come to you Here, the word **So** introduces an inference or conclusion from what Paul said in the previous verse (see [9:5](../09/05.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an inference or conclusion. Alternate translation: “Therefore,” or “So then,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 9 5 e5b2 figs-explicit τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1 the brothers they they would come to you Here, the word **brothers** refers to Titus and the two fellow believers who travel with him. See how you translated this word in [9:3](../09/03.md). Alternate translation: “these brothers” or “the three brothers I have mentioned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 5 cka7 figs-metaphor τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1 the brothers they they would come to you Paul is using the term **brothers** to mean people who share the same faith. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the believers” or “the Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 5 q1up figs-go προέλθωσιν εἰς ὑμᾶς 1 the brothers they they would come to you In a context such as this, your language might say “come” instead of **go**. Alternate translation: “they should come to you beforehand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
2CO 9 5 p927 figs-activepassive τὴν προεπηγγελμένην εὐλογίαν ὑμῶν 1 the brothers they they would come to you If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “blessing that you promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 9 5 wjw5 figs-explicit τὴν προεπηγγελμένην εὐλογίαν ὑμῶν, ταύτην 1 the brothers they they would come to you Here Paul uses the word **blessing** to refer to the money that the Corinthians said that they would contribute to Paul’s collection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “this blessing of money that you promised” or “this promised gift of yours” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 5 zg4e figs-extrainfo οὕτως ὡς 1 the brothers they they would come to you Here Paul uses both the phrase **in this way** and the word **as** to introduce the two ways in which the Corinthians could give to the collection. Your language may only use one form to introduce this information. If so, you could use just one form here. Alternate translation: “as” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
2CO 9 5 nm2n figs-activepassive μὴ ὡς πλεονεξίαν 1 not as forced If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “not as something that we forced you to give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 9 6 lmv6 grammar-connect-words-phrases δέ 1 the one who sows … will also reap in blessings Here, the word **Now** introduces a new section. In this section, Paul gives the Corinthians more reasons why they should give generously. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a new section, or you could leave **Now** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Next,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
2CO 9 6 gho8 writing-pronouns τοῦτο 1 the one who sows … will also reap in blessings Here, the word **this** refers to the words that Paul says in the rest of this verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that Paul is referring to what he is about to say. Alternate translation: “here is what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2CO 9 6 mm9w figs-metaphor ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως, φειδομένως καὶ θερίσει; καὶ ὁ σπείρων ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις, ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις καὶ θερίσει 1 the one who sows … will also reap in blessings Here Paul speaks as if giving money to the collection were like **sowing** seeds and reaping the harvest from what these seeds produce. In the second clause, he uses the word **blessings** to show the Corinthians how to apply what he says about farmers to the collection. Just as farmers receive a harvest that fits with how the sowed, so people who give to help other believers will receive **blessings** that fit with what and how much they gave. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or clearly express how the metaphor relates to the Corinthians. Alternate translation: “giving money to help other believers is like farming. The one sowing sparingly will also reap sparingly, and the one sowing in blessings will also reap in blessings” or “the one sowing sparingly will also reap sparingly, and the one sowing generously will also reap generously. Similarly, the one giving blessings to fellow believers will also receive blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 9 6 kqvb figs-parallelism ὁ σπείρων φειδομένως, φειδομένως καὶ θερίσει; καὶ ὁ σπείρων ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις, ἐπ’ εὐλογίαις καὶ θερίσει 1 the one who sows … will also reap in blessings These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “the one sowing sparingly will also reap sparingly; yes, the one sowing in blessings will also reap in blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2CO 9 7 qrhq figs-gendernotations προῄρηται τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 let each one give as he has decided in his heart Although the words **he** and **his** are masculine, Paul is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “he or she has decided beforehand in his or her heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2CO 9 7 tzt4 figs-metonymy τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 let each one give as he has decided in his heart In Paul’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea by referring to the place where humans think and feel in your culture or by using plain language. Alternate translation: “in his mind” or “on his own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2CO 9 7 whg6 figs-abstractnouns μὴ ἐκ λύπης ἢ ἐξ ἀνάγκης 1 not reluctantly or under compulsion If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **sorrow** and **compulsion**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “not because you are sad or forced to do so” or “not because you grieve or are required to do so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 7 t26d grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 for God loves a cheerful giver Here, the word **for** introduces a reason why the Corinthians should not give **from sorrow or from compulsion**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason. Alternate translation: “because” or “since” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 9 8 kuxl figs-explicit πᾶσαν χάριν 1 grace Here, the word **grace** refers primarily to good things that God has given to the Corinthians, including money and possessions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that refers to these things. Alternate translation: “every good thing” or “every blessing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 8 zxz9 figs-abstractnouns πᾶσαν χάριν 1 grace If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **gracious**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “everything he gives” or “all his gracious gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 8 cz9b grammar-connect-logic-result ἐν παντὶ πάντοτε πᾶσαν αὐτάρκειαν ἔχοντες 1 God is able to make all grace overflow for you This phrase introduces a reason why the Corinthians can **abound in every good work**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that makes this relationship clearer. Alternate translation: “since in everything, always, you have all sufficiency” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
2CO 9 8 u8w6 figs-abstractnouns πᾶσαν αὐτάρκειαν ἔχοντες 1 you may abound in every good work If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **sufficiency**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “being completely sufficient” or “being fully self-sufficient” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2CO 9 8 jb7i figs-explicit πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν 1 you may abound in every good work Here, the phrase **every good work** generally describes any good deed. However, it may also more specifically refer to helping others by giving them what they need. Make sure you use a phrase that could indicate this specific meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “every good act of service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2CO 9 9 mma1 figs-activepassive καθὼς γέγραπται 1 just as it is written If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This is just as the writer wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2CO 9 10 p3fl ὁ…ἐπιχορηγῶν 1 He who supplies Alternate translation: “God who supplies”
2CO 9 10 b1xe figs-metonymy ἄρτον εἰς βρῶσιν 1 bread for food Here the word **bread** refers to **food** in general. Alternate translation: “food to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

Can't render this file because it is too large.