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@ -520,7 +520,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
6:29 ujx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive because the evil is not removed 0 God speaks of Israel continuing to be evil as if they were silver and the impurities remained in the silver. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because the evil remains” or “the impurities remain”
6:30 q4md rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive They will be called rejected silver, for 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will say about the people of Israel, ‘They are rejected silver,’ for”
7:intro i2dl 0 # Jeremiah 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 7:29–34, which is an extended quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Justice in society\n\nJeremiah commanded the people of Jerusalem to live justly. Without justice, they did not truly have faith in Yahweh. Without this faith in Yahweh, the temple and its rituals were useless. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “Do not pray for this people”\nYahweh wanted the people to repent. This statement, and the others that follow, may be taken in another way. They are intended to show that it is too late for the people, and their punishment will come regardless of their response. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
7:1 y68e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said,” or “This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah:”
7:2 bj92 all you of Judah 0 Alternate translation: “all you people of Judah”
7:3 vlv3 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah.
7:3 f884 Yahweh of hosts … says this 0 Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md).
@ -534,7 +533,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:6 f96n do not exploit the one 0 Alternate translation: “treat fairly the foreigner”
7:6 klb1 orphan 0 child whose parents have died
7:6 ivv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy pour out innocent blood 0 Here pouring out innocent blood represents killing those not deserving death. Alternate translation: “kill innocent people”
7:6 q1kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy walk after other gods 0 Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. Alternate translation: “serve other gods”
7:6 q1kh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk after other gods 0 Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. Alternate translation: “serve other gods”
7:6 q3q6 in this place 0 Here “this place” refers to the land of Judah.
7:7 p965 will let you stay 0 Alternate translation: “will let you continue to live”
7:7 n3ke from ancient times and forever 0 “from ancient times and continually.” This means Yahweh gave the land to the people of Judah to be their permanent possession.
@ -543,14 +542,12 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:8 s1dh Behold! 0 The word “Behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the information that follows.
7:9 bi95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you steal, kill, and commit adultery? Do you swear … and walk after other gods whom you have not known? 0 These questions expect a positive answer to make the point that God knows the sins they are committing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You steal, kill, and commit adultery. You swear … and walk after other gods whom you have not known.”
7:9 ikv4 swear deceitfully 0 Alternate translation: “lie even in your oaths”
7:9 ps9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy walk after other gods 0 Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:6](../07/06.md). Alternate translation: “serve other gods”
7:10 w19j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Then do you come and stand … so you can do all of these abominations? 0 This question expects a positive answer to make the point that God knows the hypocrisy of their words and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Then you come and stand … so you could do all of these abominations.”
7:10 ras4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy house that is called by my name 0 This is a metonym for Yahweh’s temple. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “house that belongs to me” or “temple where you worship me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7:11 pb4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is this house, which carries my name, a den of bandits in your eyes? 0 This question expects a positive answer to make the point that God knows what they think about Yahweh’s temple. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “This house, which carries my name, is a den of bandits in your eyes!” or “You act as though you think this house, which is called by my name, should be a place where bandits can go to hide!”
7:11 kj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom this house, which carries my name 0 Yahweh’s temple is spoken of as if it was carrying the name of Yahweh. This has a similar meaning to “this house that is called by my name” in the previous verse.
7:11 e4vn bandits 0 violent people who steal and destroy
7:11 tj9h But behold, I have seen it 0 Alternate translation: “But I certainly have seen what you are doing”
7:11 ume9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
7:12 j5kh 0 # General Information:\n\nThe words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the people of Judah.
7:12 n4ba Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah.
7:12 c6l5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom my place that was in Shiloh, where I allowed my name to stay there in the beginning 0 Here “where I allowed my name to stay” is an idiom that means this was a place where Yahweh was worshiped. Alternate translation: “the place in Shiloh where I first allowed my people to worship me”
@ -572,10 +569,10 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:19 ta4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion is it not themselves whom they are provoking, so that shame is on them? 0 This question expects a positive answer. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are provoking themselves, so that shame is on them!” or “they are troubling and bringing shame on themselves!” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
7:19 jj5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns shame is on them 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “shamed.” Alternate translation: “they are shamed”
7:20 ccj2 See 0 This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
7:20 ta7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom my anger and wrath will gush out onto this place 0 Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were something that could be poured out. Alternate translation: “I will punish this place”
7:20 ta7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my anger and wrath will gush out onto this place 0 Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were something that could be poured out. Alternate translation: “I will punish this place”
7:20 xv82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet anger and wrath 0 These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of Yahweh’s anger.
7:20 v5eu gush out 0 Alternate translation: “pour out”
7:20 mf3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom It will burn and never be extinguished 0 Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could not be put out. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to stop my anger”
7:20 mf3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor It will burn and never be extinguished 0 Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could not be put out. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to stop my anger”
7:20 wz4y never be extinguished 0 Alternate translation: “never stop burning”
7:21 bjt8 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, “you” and “your” refer to the people of Judah.
7:21 i6xb Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues giving Jeremiah his message to the people of Judah.
@ -588,7 +585,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:24 mmx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet they did not listen or pay attention 0 These phrases mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis.
7:24 hex1 by their own stubborn plans of their wicked hearts 0 Alternate translation: “according to their own plans because they were wicked and stubborn”
7:24 pn8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they went backwards, not forward 0 This is a metaphor. This could mean: (1) they refused to pay attention to Yahweh, instead of eagerly obeying him. Alternate translation: “they went away from me instead of drawing closer to me” or (2) they got worse and worse instead of improving. Alternate translation: “they got worse instead of better”
7:25 g7qg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole Ever since the day when your ancestors went out from the land of Egypt until this day 0 This is a generalization that means over this entire period of time, not every day during this period of time. Alternate translation: “From the time your ancestors went out from the land of Egypt until now”
7:25 wl88 I persisted in sending them 0 Alternate translation: “I sent them again and again” or “I repeatedly sent them”
7:26 x6ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom they hardened their necks 0 This is an idiom that means they were stubborn. Alternate translation: “they became stubborn” or “they resisted me”
7:26 hje2 They were more wicked 0 Alternate translation: “Each generation was more wicked”
@ -611,8 +607,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:31 ikn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names the Valley of Ben Hinnom 0 This is the name of a valley south of the city of Jerusalem, where people sacrificed to false gods.
7:31 iq5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy nor did it enter my mind 0 Here the word “mind” refers to Yahweh’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “nor did I ever think about it”
7:32 dgv5 So see 0 The word “see” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed”
7:32 pkn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor days are coming … when it 0 Future time is spoken of as if the “days are coming.” Alternate translation: “in the future … it” or “there will be a time … when it”
7:32 t424 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
7:32 pkn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification days are coming … when it 0 Future time is spoken of as if the “days are coming.” Alternate translation: “in the future … it” or “there will be a time … when it”
7:32 ums9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it will no longer be called 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will no longer call it”
7:32 zbr4 they will bury bodies 0 Alternate translation: “they will bury dead people”
7:32 tue8 no room left 0 Alternate translation: “no place remaining”
@ -623,7 +618,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
7:33 jv9c the beasts of the earth 0 Alternate translation: “the wild animals of the land”
7:33 tf93 to frighten them away 0 Alternate translation: “to scare them away”
7:34 cm8g I will put an end to 0 Alternate translation: “I will remove from”
7:34 w3gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet the sound of joy and the sound of gladness 0 These two phrases mean almost the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. The abstract nouns “joy” and “gladness” can be translated using the verb “rejoicing” and the adjective “glad.” Alternate translation: “the sounds of people rejoicing and being glad” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
7:34 w3gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet the sound of joy and the sound of gladness 0 These two phrases mean almost the same thing and are repeated for emphasis.
7:34 mbc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the sound of the groom and the sound of the bride 0 This is a metonym for what happens at marriage ceremonies. Alternate translation: “and people celebrating marriage”
7:34 t5xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns will become a desolation 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desolation**, you can express the same idea with an adjective such as “desolate.” Alternate translation: “will become desolate”
8:intro b29a 0 # Jeremiah 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:5–22.\n\nThe prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5–9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Hyperbole\n\nThe author frequently uses hyperbole in this chapter to describe the complete destruction of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
@ -634,10 +629,8 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
8:2 i7h2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism that they have followed and served, that they have walked after and sought, and that they have worshiped 0 The word “they” here refers to the people of Judah. These three phrases mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis.
8:2 gvn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walked after 0 This is a metaphor for serving or worshiping. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 2:23](../02/23.md).
8:2 mxy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The bones will not be gathered or buried again 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “No one will gather their bones or bury them again”
8:2 j8lx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile They will be like dung on the surface of the earth 0 The bones are compared to dung on the ground both to emphasize that they will be disgusting and because they will not be buried.
8:2 vr8n on the surface of the earth 0 Alternate translation: “all over the ground”
8:3 w45m where I have driven them 0 The word “them” refers to the people of Judah.
8:3 vl6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared”
8:4 xxz7 0 # General Information:\n\nThe words “them” and “they” in these verses refer to the people of Judah.
8:4 tke2 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nYahweh continues to speak of his judgment on the people of Judah.
8:4 rz6z So say to them 0 Yahweh is telling Jeremiah what to say to the people of Judah.
@ -651,7 +644,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
8:6 w5p2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet paid attention and listened 0 These two things mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis.
8:6 sg8t did not speak right 0 Alternate translation: “did not say what is right”
8:6 i9mx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns for his wickedness 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wickedness**, you can express the same idea with an adjective such as “wicked.” Alternate translation: “for being wicked”
8:6 yw8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit What have I done? 0 The implied information is that this is a question that the people of Judah should have been asking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have done a terrible thing.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
8:6 yw8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What have I done? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have done a terrible thing.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
8:6 g12y go where they wish 0 Alternate translation: “go their own way”
8:6 r6ux rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like a stallion rushing toward battle 0 The eagerness of the people to follow their own evil way is compared to the eagerness of a war horse running toward a battle.
8:6 j57y stallion 0 adult male horse
@ -685,7 +678,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
8:12 a8qy they did not know how to blush 0 “their faces did not even turn red.” When a person is ashamed, his face normally turns red.
8:12 m1ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they will fall among the fallen 0 Here “fall” represents being killed. Alternate translation: “they will be killed along with the others who are killed”
8:12 x1y2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they will be brought down when they are punished 0 Here “will be brought down” represents being destroyed. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will destroy them when I punish them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:13 b972 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
8:13 yf5y the leaf will wither 0 Alternate translation: “the leaf will dry up”
8:13 qr8u what I have given to them will pass away 0 The meaning of the original text is uncertain here.
8:14 fx4e 0 # General Information:\n\nThe words “we,” “us” and “our” refer to the people of Judah.
@ -705,10 +697,9 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
8:16 v3by rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole The whole earth shakes 0 This is an exaggeration that is a metaphor for the people of Judah trembling with fear. Alternate translation: “All the people of the land shake with fear” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:16 hjp2 at the sound of the neighing of his strong horses 0 Alternate translation: “when they hear the sound of the enemy’s strong horses”
8:16 x6ln neighing 0 a sound that a horse makes
8:16 a2w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom they will come and consume 0 Here the word “consume” means to eat up. It is an idiom for how the enemies come and destroy the land and its inhabitants. Alternate translation: “they will come and destroy”
8:16 a2w1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they will come and consume 0 Here the word “consume” means to eat up. It is an idiom for how the enemies come and destroy the land and its inhabitants. Alternate translation: “they will come and destroy”
8:17 ns7j For see 0 Alternate translation: “Now pay attention”
8:17 nvi3 vipers that you cannot charm 0 To charm means to sing or make music in order to control snakes.
8:17 ma3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
8:18 f7zw 0 # General Information:\n\nJeremiah and Yahweh have a conversation about the people of Judah.
8:18 hkg9 My sorrow has no end 0 The word “my” refers to Jeremiah. The original text is unclear and is interpreted here in different ways by modern versions.
8:18 ia82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole has no end 0 These words are an exaggeration that express the great extent of Jeremiah’s sorrow. Alternate translation: “is very great”
@ -724,7 +715,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
8:20 d3mu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive But we have not been saved 0 Jeremiah tells what the people of Judah are saying. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But Yahweh has not saved us”
8:21 epc5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I am hurt because of the hurt of the daughter of my people. I mourn at the horrible things that have happened to her; I am dismayed 0 These statements express the same idea in more than one way for emphasis.
8:22 j9cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is there no medicine in Gilead? Is there no healer there? Why will the healing of the daughter of my people not happen? 0 These questions are asked to make the point that the people of Judah have not been saved. Alternate translation: “There is medicine in Gilead, and there are healers there, so tell me why the healing of my dear people will not happen.”
9:intro muj3 0 # Jeremiah 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:1–12, 17–24.\n\nThe prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5–9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Funeral\n\nThis chapter pictures Jerusalem as having a funeral with its typical songs. This is an image used to describe their destruction. It is a time of great sadness.\n\n### Circumcision\n\nCircumcision is used here in an unusual way. Since circumcision was intended to be a display of faith, the author uses the term to differentiate between those who have faith in Yahweh and those who don’t. This is a type of metaphor. Those who have a circumcised heart have faith in Yahweh while those with an uncircumcised heart do not have faith in Yahweh, regardless of whether they are physically circumcised. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:intro muj3 0 # Jeremiah 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:1–12, 17–24.\n\nThe prophecy revealed to Jeremiah is recorded in 8:5–9:12. Despite covering more than one chapter, this should be seen as one unit. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Funeral\n\nThis chapter pictures Jerusalem as having a funeral with its typical songs. This is an image used to describe their destruction. It is a time of great sadness.\n
9:1 dw2v 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh and Jeremiah continue talking about the people of Judah.
9:1 rjn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism If only my head could produce water, and my eyes be a fountain of tears 0 This is Jeremiah speaking. These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how much Jeremiah is weeping. Alternate translation: “I wish I could make more tears” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:1 f1ez rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism day and night 0 By mentioning both “day” and “night” this phrase means all the time. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “continually”
@ -742,19 +733,16 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
9:4 zbn4 be on guard against your neighbor and do not trust in any brother 0 Alternate translation: “be careful not to trust your fellow Israelites, and do not even trust your own brother”
9:4 n2fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom every neighbor walks in slander 0 Here “walking” is an idiom for living. Alternate translation: “every neighbor slanders one another” or “every neighbor is a slanderer”
9:5 t4rw Each man mocks his neighbor and does not speak the truth 0 Alternate translation: “All of the people mock each other, and they do not tell the truth”
9:5 w9wa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Their tongues teach deceitful things 0 Here people are represented by their “tongues” to emphasize their speech. Alternate translation: “They teach deceitful things”
9:5 w9wa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Their tongues teach deceitful things 0 Here people are represented by their “tongues” to emphasize their speech. Alternate translation: “They teach deceitful things”
9:5 k167 They are exhausted from committing iniquity 0 Alternate translation: “They are tired from committing so much sin”
9:6 kdu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Your dwelling is in the midst of deception 0 Yahweh speaks of living among people who are liars as living in the middle of deception. Alternate translation: “Your dwelling is among the dwellings of liars” or “You dwell in the midst of liars”
9:6 ijp7 in their deceit 0 Alternate translation: “By telling all of these lies”
9:6 ra6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
9:7 l451 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom See 0 Yahweh uses this word here to draw Jeremiah’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
9:7 kq5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to refine them 0 Yahweh speaks of testing the people and dealing with their evil ways, as if they were metal that he were melting in a crucible to remove its impurities.
9:7 y5gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion for what else can I do, because of what my people have done? 0 Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to state that this is how he needs to deal with his people because of what they have done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “for this is how I must deal with my people because of what they have done.”
9:8 ak19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Their tongues are sharpened arrows 0 This speaks of people’s tongues as if they were sharpened arrows because of how the people hurt others by what they say. Here their speech is represented by their “tongues.” Alternate translation: “Their words are like sharpened arrows that hurt other people” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:8 yi2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy With their mouths they proclaim peace with their neighbors 0 Here people’s speech is represented by their “mouths.” Alternate translation: “They speak, saying that they want peace with their neighbors”
9:8 f4zw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor but with their hearts they lie in wait for them 0 Here a people’s desires are represented by their “hearts.” This speaks of them wanting to hurt their neighbors as if they were an animal crouching and waiting to attack its prey. Alternate translation: “but what they really want is to destroy their neighbors” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:9 x1jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should I not punish them because of these things … should I not avenge myself on a nation that is like this? 0 Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that the things that they are doing are so bad that he will not have mercy and stop himself from punishing them. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 5:9](../05/09.md). Alternate translation: “Because they do these things, I will punish them … I will certainly get revenge for myself against them.”
9:9 fm1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
9:10 zfu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I will sing a song of mourning … a funeral song will be sung for the meadows 0 Yahweh is mourning for the land of Israel as if it were a person who died. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
9:10 s5s7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a funeral song will be sung 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will sing a funeral song”
9:10 xf64 the meadows 0 Alternate translation: “the fields of grass that the livestock eats”
@ -770,27 +758,22 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
9:13 v98g It is because 0 Alternate translation: “These things will happen because”
9:13 dqx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they have abandoned my law 0 Yahweh speaks of the people not obeying his law as if it were something that they had walked away from. Alternate translation: “they have rejected my law”
9:13 maj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy they do not listen to my voice 0 Here Yahweh’s “voice” represents what he says. Alternate translation: “they do not pay attention to the things I tell them”
9:13 cf6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom or walk by it 0 Here “walk” is an idiom for “live.” Alternate translation: “or live the way I tell them to live”
9:13 cf6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor or walk by it 0 Here “walk” is an metaphor for “live.” Alternate translation: “or live the way I tell them to live”
9:14 d459 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy they have walked by their stubborn hearts 0 Here the people’s “stubborn hearts” represent their stubborn desires and stubborn will. Also, here “walked” represents living. Alternate translation: “they have been stubborn and lived the way they want to live” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:14 upa5 have followed the Baals 0 Alternate translation: “have worshiped the Baals”
9:15 bg34 Yahweh of hosts … says this 0 Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md).
9:15 za9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom See 0 Yahweh uses this word here to draw the people’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
9:15 s4r8 wormwood 0 a plant that tastes bitter
9:16 nyj4 Then I will scatter them among the nations 0 Alternate translation: “Then I will force them to leave here and live in many different countries”
9:16 axn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis neither they nor their ancestors 0 The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “that neither they nor their ancestors have known”
9:16 w74v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will send out a sword after them 0 Here the word “sword” refers to an enemy army. Alternate translation: “I will send an army of soldiers to fight against them”
9:16 bq4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I have completely destroyed them 0 This is a metonym for Yahweh causing the people’s enemies to destroy them. Alternate translation: “I have caused their enemies to completely destroy them”
9:17 lv4i 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh tells the people of Judah to mourn for the coming destruction of the land.
9:17 ict2 Yahweh of hosts says this 0 Jeremiah often uses these words to introduce an important message from Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 6:6](../06/06.md).
9:17 air9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Summon funeral singers; let them come … Send out for women skilled at lamenting; let them come 0 These two phrases have the same meaning. They emphasize that they are to call funeral singers to come. Alternate translation: “Get women who are trained in mourning and bring those women here”
9:17 d5sd Summon funeral singers 0 Alternate translation: “Call women who are professional singers at funerals”
9:17 u7sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom let them come 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “tell the women to come”
9:17 j5jq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Send out for women skilled at lamenting 0 The phrase “send out for” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Send people out to get women who are skilled at mourning”
9:18 ln9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive Let them hurry and sing a mournful song … and our eyelids flow with water 0 Here Yahweh says what the people of Judah will say when the destruction comes. The words “us” and “our” refer to the people of Judah and does not include Yahweh. This may be written instead as a command from Yahweh to the people. Alternate translation: “Tell them to hurry and sing a song to mourn for you, so your eyes may run with tears and your eyelids flow with water”
9:18 fft6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit so our eyes may run with tears and our eyelids flow with water 0 This describes the people crying a lot. Alternate translation: “so we will cry very hard with tears flowing from our eyes”
9:19 g4rv 0 # General Information:\n\nHere Yahweh is saying what the people of Judah will say when he destroys the land.
9:19 la1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive For the sound of wailing is heard in Zion 0 This refers to the people of Zion wailing loudly and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people of Zion are crying loudly, saying”
9:19 s2nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom How we are devastated 0 Yahweh tells what the people of Judah will say when the land is destroyed. Alternate translation: “We are very upset”
9:19 g3w7 We are greatly ashamed, for we have abandoned the land since they tore down our houses 0 Alternate translation: “Our shame is great, because enemies destroyed our houses and we had to leave the land of Israel”
9:20 n18s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism hear Yahweh’s word; pay attention to the messages that come from his mouth 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the command to listen to what Yahweh says. In the second phrase Yahweh’s “mouth” is a metonym for himself. Alternate translation: “listen to what Yahweh says. Pay attention to his words” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:20 hr1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis each neighbor woman a funeral song 0 The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “teach each neighbor woman a funeral song”
@ -798,7 +781,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
9:21 tk2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification For death has come through our windows … young men in the city squares 0 The people of Judah will compare death to a person who can climb in windows to attack the people inside and attacks people in the palaces, streets, and city squares.
9:21 nap5 palaces 0 fancy houses where kings live. Death will come to rich and poor alike.
9:21 w73h city squares 0 marketplaces
9:22 b1lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person This is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “This is what Yahweh has declared” or “This is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
9:22 tfy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the corpses of men will fall like dung … like grain stalks after the reapers 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the large number dead bodies. Alternate translation: “dead bodies will fall all over the place”
9:22 q61w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile corpses of men will fall like dung in the fields 0 This describes the great number of people who will die, by comparing their bodies to dung that falls in the fields. Alternate translation: “dead bodies will drop everywhere like animal dung falls all over the fields”
9:22 j451 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like grain stalks after the reapers 0 This describes the great number of people who will die, by comparing their bodies to cut stalks of grain. Alternate translation: “like stalks of grain fall everywhere after the farmers cut them down”
@ -808,12 +790,8 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
9:23 r3w7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis or the warrior in his might 0 The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “or let the warrior take pride in his might”
9:23 mi8d Do not let the wealthy man take pride in his riches 0 Alternate translation: “A rich man should not be proud because he is rich”
9:24 vub7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism has insight and knows me 0 “understands who I am and knows me.” Both of these phrases have similar meanings. They emphasize people knowing who Yahweh is and understanding who he is.
9:24 eht9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit For I am Yahweh 0 This refers to people knowing Yahweh and his ways. Alternate translation: “Because people should understand that I am Yahweh”
9:24 ccv3 For it is in these that I take pleasure 0 The word “these” refers to covenant loyalty, justice, and righteousness.
9:24 t9de rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
9:25 wg3m 0 # General Information:\n\nThese are the words of Yahweh.
9:25 md99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom See 0 Yahweh uses this word here to draw the people’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Indeed”
9:25 k6yc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor all the circumcised who are such only in their body 0 This refers to the people of Israel who have entered into Yahweh’s covenant by getting circumcised physically, but who have not changed their inner beings by following his laws. Alternate translation: “all those people who have changed their bodies by circumcising them but who have not changed their inner beings”
9:26 qn15 all the people who cut the hair on their heads very short 0 This probably refers to people who cut their hair short in order to honor a pagan god. Some modern versions interpret this Hebrew expression as “all the people who live on the edge of the wilderness.”
9:26 siw4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy For all these nations are uncircumcised 0 The word “nations” refers to the people who live in these places. Foreigners being uncircumcised was a sign that they were not in Yahweh’s covenant. Alternate translation: “For the people of these nations did not enter into a covenant with Yahweh through circumcision” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9:26 l471 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the house of Israel has an uncircumcised heart 0 The “heart” represents a person’s will and desires. An “uncircumcised heart” represents the character of a person that does not follow Yahweh and his laws. Also, the “house” of Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel are only circumcised on the outside and have not changed their hearts” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -859,7 +837,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:16 p7kl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Israel is the tribe of his inheritance 0 This speaks of Israel belonging to Yahweh as if it were something that Yahweh gained through inheritance. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Israel belongs to him”
10:17 hm4j Gather your bundle 0 Alternate translation: “Gather your belongings”
10:17 g8r9 who have been living under the siege 0 Alternate translation: “whose city has been surrounded by your enemies’ army” or “who have been living in your city while an enemy army surrounds it”
10:18 h5w8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom See 0 Yahweh uses this word here to draw the peoples’ attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
10:18 yy6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I am about to throw the inhabitants of the land out this time 0 Here Yahweh speaks of causing the people to leave the land as if they were objects that he were throwing out of a container. Alternate translation: “I will cause the people living in the land to leave that land”
10:18 bz7p inhabitants of the land 0 Alternate translation: “people who live in the land”
10:18 ku2a distress 0 great pain or suffering
@ -873,7 +850,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:20 n6v1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor There is no longer anyone to spread out my tent or to raise up my tent curtains 0 Here Jeremiah speaks of them not having descendants to rebuild their city as if their city were a tent that needs to be rebuilt. Alternate translation: “There is no one to rebuild our city”
10:21 x7r1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor For the shepherds are stupid … all their flock has been scattered 0 Here the leaders of Israel are spoken of as if they were shepherds and the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were flocks of sheep. Alternate translation: “For the shepherds of our people are stupid … all the people of their flock have been scattered”
10:21 zmx4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive all their flock has been scattered 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and their enemies have scattered all their flock”
10:22 r6v8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor See! It is coming, a great earthquake is coming 0 Here the marching enemy armies are spoken of as if they were an earthquake. The word “See!” is used here as an idiom to draw the listener’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Look! The enemy army is coming, they sound like a great earthquake as they are marching” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
10:22 r6v8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor See! It is coming, a great earthquake is coming 0 Here the marching enemy armies are spoken of as if they were an earthquake. Alternate translation: “Look! The enemy army is coming, they sound like a great earthquake as they are marching”
10:22 t67q jackals 0 a type of fierce wild dog
10:23 vv9s 0 # General Information:\n\nJeremiah prays for the people of Israel.
10:23 iqa8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism that the way of a man does not come from himself. No person walking directs his own steps 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. This means that no one has control over the various things that will happen to him during his life. Alternate translation: “that no person controls what will happen to him; no one is able to direct the events that he will experience” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -882,7 +859,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:25 b1zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism For they have devoured Jacob and consumed him so as to completely destroy him 0 These three phrases have the same meaning. Jeremiah repeats this idea three times to emphasize the utter destruction of Israel. This speaks of the enemy armies attacking the people of Israel as if the armies were a fierce animal attacking and devouring its prey. Alternate translation: “For they have fiercely attacked the people of Israel and consumed them so as to completely destroy them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10:25 z8p8 demolish his habitation 0 Alternate translation: “demolish their homes”
11:intro tg7m 0 # Jeremiah 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 11:15–17, 20.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The covenant\n\nThe covenant Yahweh made with Moses is prominent in this chapter. Because the people disobeyed this covenant, God will not help them. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
11:1 l9ym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 7:1](../07/01.md). Alternate translation: “This is the message that Yahweh gave to Jeremiah. He said,” or “This is the message that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah:”
11:2 q9d8 the inhabitants of Jerusalem 0 Alternate translation: “the people who live in Jerusalem”
11:3 d8vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Cursed is anyone 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will curse anyone”
11:4 gi9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor from the land of Egypt, from the furnace for smelting iron 0 This speaks of the horrible circumstances and oppression the Israelites were living in Egypt by comparing them to a smelting furnace. Alternate translation: “of Egypt. What happened to them in Egypt was terrible; it was as though they were living in a hot furnace”
@ -893,7 +869,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
11:6 szb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom carry them out 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “obey them”
11:7 q8ju solemn 0 serious and important
11:7 k1gz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Listen to my voice 0 The word “voice” here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and “listen” is a metonym for “obey.” Alternate translation: “Obey what I say”
11:8 uvr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Each person has been walking in the stubbornness of his wicked heart. 0 Here “walking” is an idiom for the way a person lives. The word “heart” is a metonym for a person’s desires and emotions. Alternate translation: “Each person has refused to change and has been living by his own wicked desires” or “Each person has refused to change and continues to do the evil things that they want to do” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11:8 uvr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Each person has been walking in the stubbornness of his wicked heart. 0 Here “walking” is an idiom for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “Each person has refused to change and has been living by his own wicked desires” or “Each person has refused to change and continues to do the evil things that they want to do”
11:8 dla5 So I brought all the curses in this covenant that I commanded to come against them 0 Alternate translation: “So I punished them with all the curses that I described in this covenant that I had commanded them to obey”
11:9 n1vg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive A conspiracy has been discovered 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “There is a conspiracy”
11:9 n8g7 conspiracy 0 a secret plan to do something that is harmful or illegal
@ -936,12 +912,12 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
11:22 kn5i vigorous young men 0 men at the strongest time of their lives
11:22 hgu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy will die by the sword 0 Here the “sword” represents battle. Alternate translation: “will die in battle”
11:23 k7a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive None of them will be left 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will leave none of them”
11:23 wlv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a year of their punishment 0 The word “year” here is a idiom that describes a specific period of time that Yahweh decides. Alternate translation: “in the time of their punishment” or “for the time of their punishment is coming”
11:23 wlv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a year of their punishment 0 The word “year” here is a idiom that describes a specific period of time that Yahweh decides. Alternate translation: “in the time of their punishment” or “for the time of their punishment is coming”
12:intro mtm9 0 # Jeremiah 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:1–13.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Jeremiah complains that evil men prosper\n\nJeremiah complains that evil men prosper. He questions Yahweh’s justice. Yahweh’s response: if Jeremiah is upset by the people of Anathoth, how will he face enemies in Jerusalem? (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n### Yahweh’s grace to the other nations\n\nYahweh gives a gracious offer to the Gentile nations. If the other nations who have been against Judah leave their idols and worship God, then God will allow them to return to their lands. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])
12:1 h7ur 0 # General Information:\n\nJeremiah speaks to Yahweh.
12:1 v383 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wicked 0 This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: “wicked people” or “those who are wicked”
12:2 xd5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You planted them and they took root. They continue to produce fruit 0 Here Jeremiah speaks of the wicked as if they were fruit trees. Alternate translation: “They are like fruit trees that you planted, that you allow to prosper and to produce lots of fruit”
12:2 bj22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You are near to them in their mouths, but far away from their hearts 0 Here “mouths” represents what a person says. And, “hearts” represents what a person thinks or feels. Also, being loyal is spoken of as if it were being near a person, and being disloyal is spoken of as if it were being far away from a person. Alternate translation: “They always say good things about you, but they do not love or respect you” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
12:2 bj22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You are near to them in their mouths, but far away from their hearts 0 Here “mouths” represents what a person says. And, “hearts” represents what a person thinks or feels. Alternate translation: “They always say good things about you, but they do not love or respect you”
12:3 kt44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy my heart 0 Here the “heart” represents a person’s thoughts and true feelings. Alternate translation: “my thoughts” or “my inner feelings”
12:3 p1lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Take them away like sheep to the slaughter 0 Here Jeremiah asks Yahweh to prepare to punish the wicked as if they were sheep to be taken away to be slaughtered. Alternate translation: “Take the wicked people away, like sheep for slaughter” or “Prepare to punish those wicked people”
12:3 jep3 the day of slaughter 0 Alternate translation: “the day they will be destroyed”
@ -950,7 +926,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
12:4 lm57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The animals and the birds have been taken away 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The animals and the birds are gone” or “The animals and the birds have all died”
12:4 a1hp God will not see what happens to us 0 This could mean: (1) The people are saying that God does not know what things will happen to them in their future or (2) God is unaware of their sin. Alternate translation: “God does not see the sinful things that we do”
12:5 hax2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion how can you compete against horses? 0 This rhetorical question implies that he would not be able to run with horses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will never compete well against horses.”
12:5 e5b2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis If you fall down 0 This refers to while the person is running. Alternate translation: “If you fall down while running”
12:5 km32 the safe countryside 0 This refers to the open countryside, where it is easy to travel quickly, in contrast to the overgrown thickets along the Jordan River, where it is difficult to move.
12:5 rki9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion how will you do in the thickets along the Jordan? 0 This rhetorical question implies that he would not be able to run through the thickets along the Jordan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will surely not be able to run in the thickets along the Jordan.”
12:5 c56k thickets 0 many bushes or small trees growing close together
@ -975,7 +950,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
12:11 z4k3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom takes it to heart 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “cares” or “pays any attention”
12:12 uwl3 Destroyers have come 0 Alternate translation: “Destroying armies have come”
12:12 rbb1 bare places in the wilderness 0 Alternate translation: “places in the wilderness where nothing grows”
12:12 s2mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for Yahweh’s sword is devouring 0 Here Yahweh speaks of the armies that he is using to punish his people as being his “sword.” His”sword” is described here as if it were a large animal that attacked and devoured the people. Alternate translation: “for the armies are my sword that I am using to punish you” or “for I am sending the destroying armies to attack you” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
12:12 s2mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for Yahweh’s sword is devouring 0 Here Yahweh speaks of the armies that he is using to punish his people as being his “sword.” Alternate translation: “for the armies are my sword that I am using to punish you”.
12:12 c8pt from one end of the land to the other 0 This refers to the whole land that belongs to his people.
12:13 du4i They have sown wheat but harvest thornbushes 0 Alternate translation: “They have sown wheat, but there is nothing to harvest but thornbushes”
12:13 k4yk They have 0 Alternate translation: “My people have”
@ -992,10 +967,8 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
12:15 i4tb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I uproot those nations 0 God speaks of forcing the people to leave their land as if they were plants that he was pulling out of the ground. Alternate translation: “I make those nations leave their lands and move to different places”
12:16 f6ti 0 # General Information:\n\nGod’s word about Judah’s neighbors.
12:16 i1wv It will come about that 0 Alternate translation: “It will happen that”
12:16 j3ji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom As Yahweh lives 0 “As surely as Yahweh is alive.” The people use this expression to show that what they say next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Swearing in Yahweh’s name instead of in Baal’s name indicates that they worship Yahweh instead of Baal. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly swear”
12:16 uph7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they will be built up in the midst of my people 0 This speaks of the people becoming prosperous as if they were a building that was being built. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will build them up in the midst of my people” or “I will make them wealthy and they will live among my people” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12:16 pe5g midst 0 middle
12:17 w4yd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
13:intro ky38 0 # Jeremiah 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 13:15–27.\n\n### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Symbolism\n\nThe action of hiding the undergarment was intended to be a symbolic event. It was supposed to get the Jews’ attention and be a lesson for them to learn. Jeremiah performed the action, but it was not the action itself that was important. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13:1 yq1d linen 0 a type of very fine cloth
13:1 puq2 undergarment 0 clothing that people wear under their clothes; underwear
@ -1112,7 +1085,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:2 i7zf Those who are for 0 Alternate translation: “Those whom I have appointed to go to”
15:2 a7na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor should go to death 0 This speaks of dying as if death were a place that people can go to. Alternate translation: “should die”
15:2 qrc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy those who are for the sword should go to the sword 0 Here the “sword” represents war. To be “for the sword” means that God has appointed them to die in war. Alternate translation: “those whom I have appointed to die in war should go to die in war” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15:2 s5vx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Those who are for famine should go to famine 0 This means that Yahweh has appointed these to die because of famine, and these words speak of dying by famine as if “famine” were a place that people can go to. Alternate translation: “Those whom I have appointed to die by famine should go and die by famine” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15:2 s5vx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Those who are for famine should go to famine 0 This means that Yahweh has appointed these to die because of famine, and these words speak of dying by famine as if “famine” were a place that people can go to. Alternate translation: “Those whom I have appointed to die by famine should go and die by famine”.
15:2 ub7g should go to captivity 0 Alternate translation: “should go into captivity”
15:3 xfn3 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh has just told them he will send some of them to death, some to die by the sword, some to die by famine, and some to be captives.
15:3 b44y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the sword 0 Here the “sword” refers to the enemy soldiers. Alternate translation: “the enemy soldiers”
@ -1122,7 +1095,6 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:5 lb4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion For who will have compassion for you, Jerusalem? Who will grieve for you? 0 Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that no one should mourn for Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one should have compassion on you, Jerusalem. No one should mourn for your destruction.”
15:5 wfj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for you, Jerusalem 0 Here “Jerusalem” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “for you people who live in Jerusalem”
15:6 es4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism You have forsaken me … you have gone back from me 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people have, indeed, forsaken Yahweh.
15:6 w5w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
15:6 hk2v gone back from me 0 Alternate translation: “left me” or “gone away from me”
15:6 ub2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will strike you with my hand 0 Here “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “I will use my power to strike you”
15:7 xa8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor So I will winnow them with a pitchfork at the gates of the land 0 Here Yahweh speaks of scattering the people and causing them to leave Jersalem as if they were winnowed chaff being blown away on the wind.
@ -1136,8 +1108,7 @@ front:intro l3xj 0 # Introduction to Jeremiah\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:9 ab1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet She will be ashamed and embarrassed 0 The words “ashamed” and “embarrassed” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of shame. Alternate translation: “She will be completely ashamed”
15:9 ysv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will waste away 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will grow faint”
15:9 syp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Her sun will set while it is still day 0 This speaks of a woman becoming sorrowful because her children have died, as if her life were a day in which the sun had set early and turned to darkness. Here the darkness represents her sorrow. Alternate translation: “Because of her sorrow, it will be as though the sun has set and her day has turned to darkness”
15:9 e2fw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will give those who remain to the sword in the presence of their enemies 0 Here the “sword” represents the enemy soldiers. This means that Yahweh will allow the enemy solider to kill any of her children that remain. Alternate translation: “I will allow the enemy soldiers to kill those of her children that remain alive” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15:9 yh62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person this is Yahweh’s declaration 0 Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
15:9 e2fw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will give those who remain to the sword in the presence of their enemies 0 Here the “sword” represents the enemy soldiers. “I will allow the enemy soldiers to kill those of her children that remain alive”.
15:10 tf3x 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verse, Jeremiah speaks to Yahweh about his suffering, and Yahweh answers him.
15:10 bwu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe Woe to me, my mother 0 Jeremiah pretends to speak to his mother as a way to emphasize how sad he is.
15:10 z3f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet a man of controversy and argument 0 The words “controversy” and “argument” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize how much Jeremiah is arguing. Alternate translation: “a man with whom everyone argues all the time”

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