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Merge pull request 'Larry's edits to Leviticus 1-22' (#2493) from lrsallee-tc-create-1 into master
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2493
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Larry Sallee
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en_tn_03-LEV.tsv
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en_tn_03-LEV.tsv
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@ -814,129 +814,119 @@ LEV 19 36 wsl8 translate-bvolume אֵ֥יפַת צֶ֛דֶק 1 a just ephah An *
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LEV 19 36 s1cm translate-bvolume וְהִ֥ין צֶ֖דֶק 1 and a just hin A **hin** was a measurement for liquids. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
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LEV 19 37 m4f5 figs-doublet וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם…וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם 1 And you must keep … and you must do These phrases mean the same thing and emphasize the command for obedience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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LEV 20 intro tvf2 0 # Leviticus 20 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Punishments for serious sins<br><br>This chapter compiles a list of serious sins. The most serious sins are punished by death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Euphemism<br><br>“To see someone’s nakedness” means to live as husband wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The phrase “you must carry your own guilt” is a metaphor. It is unknown what this means, but it is possible it indicates a penalty of death.
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LEV 20 2 b75v figs-explicit 1 gives any of his children to Molech Those who worshiped Molech sacrificed their children to him by means of fire. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “kills any of his children as a sacrifice to Molech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 2 wp2c figs-activepassive 1 must certainly be put to death. The people in the land must stone him with stones If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people in the land must stone him to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 3 h93p figs-idiom 1 I also will set my face against that man This idiom means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “I have made up my mind to oppose that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 3 x9y6 1 will set my face against Alternate translation: “will stare angrily at”
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LEV 20 3 t5xb 1 he has given his child Alternate translation: “he has sacrificed his child”
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LEV 20 3 blk3 1 so as to defile my holy place and profane my holy name Alternate translation: “and by doing that, he has defiled my holy place and profaned my holy name”
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LEV 20 2 b75v figs-explicit אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן מִזַּרְע֛וֹ לַמֹּ֖לֶךְ 1 who gives any of his offspring to Molech Those who worshiped **Molech** sacrificed their children to him by means of fire. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who kills any of his children as a sacrifice to Molech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 2 wp2c figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people in the land must certainly stone him to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 3 h93p figs-idiom וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתֵּ֤ן אֶת־ פָּנַי֙ בָּאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא 1 I also will set my face against that man The idiom ***set me face** means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “And I have made up my mind to oppose that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 3 t5xb כִּ֤י מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ נָתַ֣ן לַמֹּ֔לֶךְ 1 For he has given his offspring to Molech Se how you translated a similar phrase in [20:2](. /20/02.md). Alternate translation: “he has sacrificed his child”
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LEV 20 3 blk3 לְמַ֗עַן טַמֵּא֙ אֶת־ מִקְדָּשִׁ֔י וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־ שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי 1 so as to make my holy place unclean and to profane my holy name Alternate translation: “and by doing that, he has defiled my holy place and profaned my holy name”
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LEV 20 3 qcs4 figs-metonymy וּלְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־ שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי 1 profane my holy name Here God’s **name** represents God and his reputation. Alternate translation: “and to dishonor my reputation” or “and to dishonor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 20 4 u6g4 figs-metonymy 1 close their eyes to The phrase “to close their eyes” implies they “cannot see.” This speaks of ignoring something as not seeing. Alternate translation: “disregard” or “ignore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 20 5 ehp6 figs-metaphor 1 who prostitutes himself in order to play the harlot with Molech This phrase compares those who are unfaithful to Yahweh to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 6 f771 figs-metaphor 1 so as to prostitute themselves with them This phrase compares the unfaithful people to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “by doing that, they seek advice from the spirits rather than from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 6 f2f2 figs-idiom 1 I will set my face against that person This idiom means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “I have made up my mind that I will oppose that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 6 lf97 1 will set my face against Alternate translation: “will stare angrily at”
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LEV 20 8 s4bq figs-parallelism 1 You must keep my commands and carry them out The words “keep” and “carry out” mean basically the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize that the people must obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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LEV 20 9 n5cd figs-activepassive 1 must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 10 a9y7 figs-activepassive 1 certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly put both of them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 11 p7fh figs-euphemism 1 lies with his father’s wife This is a polite way of saying that he had sex with his father’s wife. Some languages use more direct phrases such as “has sex with his father’s wife.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 12 vcw5 1 They have committed perversion Here God calls a man having sex with his son’s wife a “perversion”, a serious sin. See how you translated “perversion” in [Leviticus 18:23](../18/23.md).
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LEV 20 13 erg8 figs-euphemism 1 lies with This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 13 b2rv figs-simile 1 as with a woman The way he treats the man is the same way he would treat a woman. Alternate translation: “just like he would with a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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LEV 20 13 t53e 1 what is detestable Alternate translation: “something detestable” or “something detestable”
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LEV 20 13 au83 figs-activepassive 1 They must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 14 du7x figs-activepassive 1 They must be burned, both he and the women If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must burn to death both the man and the women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 15 h6tx figs-euphemism 1 lies with This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 15 c3hj figs-activepassive 1 he must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put him to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 16 wb4d figs-euphemism 1 lies with it This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 16 k7m4 figs-parallelism 1 you must kill the woman and the animal. They must certainly be put to death Both clauses mean the same thing. They emphasize that the woman and animal must die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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LEV 20 16 yw4l figs-activepassive 1 They must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly put them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 17 x8tw figs-euphemism 1 takes This could mean: (1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with” or (2) it simply means “to marry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 17 cv3p figs-explicit 1 a daughter of his father or a daughter of his mother This means a man cannot have sexual intercourse with his sister, even if she has a different mother or father. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “whether it is his full sister or half-sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 17 d1dr 1 he uncovers her nakedness, and she sees his nakedness Alternate translation: “they have sexual relations”
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LEV 20 17 d2px figs-euphemism 1 has uncovered the nakedness of This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 17 hc1c figs-idiom 1 he must carry his guilt This phrase means the man is responsibile for his sin. Alternate translation: “He is responsible for his sin” or “You must punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 18 p47v figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 And both of them must be cut off from among their people People being excluded from their community is spoken of as if they had been **cut off from their people**, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “And both of them must be cut off among their people as a branch is cut from a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 18 e4mn figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 And both of them must be cut off from among their people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 18 ay1j 1 menstrual period the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb
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LEV 20 4 u6g4 figs-metonymy הַעְלֵ֣ם יַעְלִימֽוּ֩ עַ֨ם הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־ עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ מִן־ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא 1 the people of the land cause their eyes to be hidden at all from that man The phrase **to cause their eyes to be hidden** implies they do not see that thing. This speaks of ignoring something as closing the eyes. Alternate translation: “the people of the land disregard that man at all” or “the people of the land even partially ignore that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 20 5 ehp6 figs-metaphor כָּל־ הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ 1 all the ones who prostitute themselves after him, by prostituting themselves after Molech This phrase compares those who are unfaithful to Yahweh to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 6 f771 figs-metaphor לִזְנ֖וֹת אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם 1 so as to prostitute themselves after them This phrase compares the unfaithful people to prostitutes. Alternate translation: “by doing that, they seek advice from the spirits rather than from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 6 f2f2 figs-idiom וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־ פָּנַי֙ בַּנֶּ֣פֶשׁ הַהִ֔וא 1 I will set my face against that person The idiom **set my face** means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “I have made up my mind that I will oppose that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 8 s4bq figs-parallelism וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־ חֻקֹּתַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם 1 And you must keep my statutes and do them The words **keep** and **do** mean basically the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize that the people must obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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LEV 20 9 n5cd figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 he must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put him to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 10 a9y7 figs-activepassive מֽוֹת־ יוּמַ֥ת 1 must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must certainly put both of them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 11 p7fh figs-euphemism יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־ אֵ֣שֶׁת אָבִ֔יו 1 lies with his father’s wife This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Some languages use more direct phrases such as “has sex with his father’s wife.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 12 vcw5 תֶּ֥בֶל עָשׂ֖וּ 1 They have committed perversion Here God calls a man having sex with his son’s wife a **perversion**, an especially serious sin. See how you translated **perversion** in [Leviticus 18:23](../18/23.md).
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LEV 20 13 erg8 figs-euphemism יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת 1 lies with This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 13 b2rv figs-simile מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה 1 as one lies with a woman The way he treats the man is the same way he would treat **a woman**. Alternate translation: “just like he would with a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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LEV 20 13 t53e תּוֹעֵבָ֥ה 1 a detestable thing Alternate translation: “something detestable” or “something detestable”
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LEV 20 13 au83 figs-activepassive מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 They must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 14 du7x figs-activepassive בָּאֵ֞שׁ יִשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ וְאֶתְהֶ֔ן 1 In the fire they must be burned, he and they If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must burn to death in the fire both the man and the women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 15 h6tx figs-euphemism יִתֵּ֧ן שְׁכָבְתּ֛וֹ בִּבְהֵמָ֖ה 1 lies with an animal This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 15 c3hj figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת 1 he must surely be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must surely put him to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 16 wb4d figs-euphemism לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ 1 to lie with it This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 16 k7m4 figs-parallelism וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־ הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־ הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 then you must kill the woman and the animal. They must certainly be put to death Both clauses mean the same thing. They emphasize that **the woman and animal** must die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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LEV 20 16 yw4l figs-activepassive מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ 1 They must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly put them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 17 x8tw figs-euphemism יִקַּ֣ח 1 takes This could mean: (1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with” or (2) it simply means “to marry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 17 cv3p figs-explicit בַּת־ אָבִ֣יו א֣וֹ בַת־ אִ֠מּוֹ 1 a daughter of his father or a daughter of his mother This means a man cannot have sexual intercourse with his sister, even if she has a different **mother** or **father**. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “whether it is his full sister or half-sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 17 d1dr figs-euphemism וְרָאָ֨ה אֶת־ עֶרְוָתָ֜הּ וְהִֽיא־ תִרְאֶ֤ה אֶת־ עֶרְוָתוֹ֙ 1 and he uncovers her nakedness, and she sees his nakedness This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Alternate translation: “they have sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 17 d2px figs-euphemism עֶרְוַ֧ת אֲחֹת֛וֹ גִּלָּ֖ה 1 He has uncovered the nakedness of his sister This is a polite way of referring to sexual activity. Alternate translation: “He has had sexual relations with his sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 17 hc1c figs-idiom עֲוֺנ֥וֹ יִשָּֽׂא 1 He must bear his iniquity This phrase means the man is responsible for his sin. Alternate translation: “He is responsible for his sin” or “You must punish him for his sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 18 azt4 figs-euphemism וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־ אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה 1 And if a man lies with a menstruating woman This is a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation: “And if a man has sexual relations with a menstruating woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 18 ay1j אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה 1 a menstruating woman This means it is the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb.
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LEV 20 18 xtb1 figs-metaphor אֶת־ מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־ מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ 1 he has exposed her flow and she has uncovered the flow of her blood This phrase compares having sex with a woman during her menstrual period to removing the cover off of something that should remain hidden. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 18 ym6o figs-explicit אֶת־ מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־ מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ 1 he has exposed her flow and she has uncovered the flow of her blood The fact that this was a shameful thing to do can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “they have done a shameful thing by exposing and uncovering the flow of her blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 18 azt4 figs-euphemism 1 a man lies with a woman This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “a man has sexual relations with a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 18 z4zf figs-explicit 1 Both the man and woman must be cut off It can be stated clearly why this must be done. Alternate translation: “Because they have done this shameful thing, both the man and woman must be cut off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 19 t9ja figs-euphemism 1 You must not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “You must not have sexual relations with your mother’s sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 19 rdn4 figs-idiom 1 You must carry your own guilt The idiom “carry your own guilt” means “you are responsible for your own sin.” Alternate translation: “You are responsible for your sin” or “I will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 20 kt2e figs-euphemism 1 man lies with his aunt This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “man has sexual relations with his aunt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 21 a99a figs-euphemism 1 If a man marries his brother’s wife This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man marries his brother’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 21 n5ht 1 I will take away from their children any property they may have inherited from their parents Many versions of the Bible translate this as “they will die childless.”
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LEV 20 18 p47v figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 And both of them must be cut off from among their people People being excluded from their community is spoken of as if they had been **cut off from their people**, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 7:20](../07/20.md). Alternate translation: “And both of them must be cut off among their people as a branch is cut from a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 18 e4mn figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם 1 And both of them must be cut off from among their people If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person may no longer live among his people” or “you must separate that person from his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 18 z4zf figs-explicit וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם 1 And both of them must be cut off It can be stated clearly why this must be done. Alternate translation: “Because they have done this shameful thing, both the man and woman must be cut off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 20 19 t9ja figs-euphemism וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה 1 And the nakedness of your mother’s sister, or your father’s sister, you must not uncover This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “You must not have sexual relations with your mother’s sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 19 rdn4 figs-idiom עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ 1 They must bear their iniquity The idiom “carry your own guilt” means “you are responsible for your own sin.” Alternate translation: “They are responsible for their own sin” or “You must punish them for their sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 20 kt2e figs-euphemism וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־ דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ 1 And if a man lies with his aunt This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “And if a man has sexual relations with his aunt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 21 a99a figs-euphemism וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִקַּ֛ח אֶת־ אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יו 1 If a man takes his brother’s wife This could mean: (1) this is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with his brother’s wife” or (2) it simply means “to marry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 20 22 qs8l figs-metaphor וְלֹא־ תָקִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֛ם שָׁ֖מָּה לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽהּ 1 the land into which I am bringing you to live will not vomit you up This phrase describes the removal of the people from **the land** as if they were bad food that a person vomits out. See how you translated this metaphor in [Leviticus 18:25](../18/25.md). Alternate translation: “the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 22 g9ny figs-personification וְלֹא־ תָקִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֛ם שָׁ֖מָּה לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽהּ 1 the land into which I am bringing you to live will not vomit you up Here, **the land** is describes as if it were a person who could **vomit**. Alternate translation: “the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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LEV 20 23 lmg7 figs-metaphor 1 You must not walk in Doing the actions of idol worshipers is spoken of as walking in their ways. Alternate translation: “you must not follow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 23 ry5q 1 drive out Alternate translation: “remove”
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LEV 20 24 bt1d figs-idiom 1 a land flowing with milk and honey The phrase “flowing with milk and honey” means “that is rich and productive with enough food for everyone.” Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” or “a productive land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 26 jdt7 1 I have separated you Alternate translation: “I have distinguished you” or “I have set you apart”
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LEV 20 27 i739 1 talks with Alternate translation: “attempts to communicate with”
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LEV 20 27 kt2g figs-activepassive 1 must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they must certainly put to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 20 23 lmg7 figs-metaphor וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ בְּחֻקֹּ֣ת הַגּ֔וֹי 1 And you must not walk in the statutes of the nations Doing the actions of idol worshipers is spoken of as walking in their ways. Alternate translation: “And you must not act like the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 20 23 ry5q אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ 1 I will drive out Alternate translation: “I will remove”
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LEV 20 24 bt1d figs-idiom אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָ֑שׁ 1 a land flowing with milk and honey The phrase **flowing with milk and honey** means “that is rich and productive with enough food for everyone.” Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” or “a productive land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 20 26 jdt7 וָאַבְדִּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֛ם 1 and I have separated you Alternate translation: “and I have distinguished you” or “and I have set you apart”
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LEV 20 27 kt2g figs-activepassive מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑תוּ 1 they must certainly be put to death If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they must certainly put them to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 intro l1al 0 # Leviticus 21 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Priests must be holy<br><br>Priests must be separate from the rest of the world. Priests should not do anything that would be unclean. They also cannot be unclean because of a birth defect, and they must not marry an unclean woman. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
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LEV 21 1 nwz2 figs-metaphor 1 make himself unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 21 1 gv2c 1 among his people Alternate translation: “among the Israelites”
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LEV 21 3 kba1 1 virgin This can also be translated as “young woman”
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LEV 21 5 fy55 1 shave off the corners of their beards It is impossible to be certain what the writer intended here. This could mean: (1) shave off certain parts of their beards or (2) cut or shave any part of their beards.
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LEV 21 6 vam1 1 They must be holy Alternate translation: “They must be set apart”
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LEV 21 6 q1bp figs-metonymy 1 not disgrace the name of their God This word “name” is used to represent Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “not disgrace God’s reputation” or “not disgrace their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 21 6 t99p figs-synecdoche 1 the bread of their God Here “bread” represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. It is the sincerity of those offering the food that pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 7 h4wf 1 They must not Alternate translation: “The priests must not”
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LEV 21 7 bxx7 1 for they are separate Alternate translation: “for they are set apart”
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LEV 21 8 aim5 1 You will set him apart Alternate translation: “You people must treat the priest as holy”
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LEV 21 8 t6iq figs-synecdoche 1 for he is the one who offers bread to your God Here “bread” represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 8 l82b figs-activepassive 1 He must be holy to you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must regard him as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 9 i1i1 figs-activepassive 1 She must be burned If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must burn her to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 10 jhq7 figs-explicit 1 anointing oil This is a reference to the anointing oil used in the ceremony consecrating a new the high priest. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 10 i6rn figs-activepassive 1 on whose head the anointing oil has been poured, and who has been consecrated If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on whose head they poured anointing oil and consecrated him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 10 bg4j figs-explicit 1 must not wear his hair loose or tear his clothes Loose hair and torn clothes were signs of mourning. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 12 wlv9 figs-explicit 1 must not leave the sanctuary area This does not mean the high priest could never leave. God did not allow him to leave in order to grieve over someone who died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 14 sbf8 1 from his own people Alternate translation: “from among his own tribe, the tribe of Levi”
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LEV 21 15 u8zz figs-idiom 1 he will not defile his children among his people By marrying an unholy or ungodly woman, the priest would have children unworthy to be priest. Alternate translation: “that he will not have unworthy children by marrying an ungodly woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 21 17 hsd8 figs-explicit 1 he must not approach to offer the food to his God The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he must not come to burn the burnt offering of food on God’s altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 18 v2na 1 must not approach Yahweh A priest had to meet specific physical standards in order to approach Yahweh. This does not imply that physical defects were the result of immorality or that all people with physical defects are unable to approach Yahweh.
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LEV 21 18 jyl1 1 one who is disfigured or deformed Alternate translation: “one whose body or face is deformed”
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LEV 21 21 x45u figs-synecdoche 1 to offer the bread of his God Here “bread” represents food in general. Alternate translation: “to make burnt offering of food on God’s altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 22 n6gw 1 He may Here “he” refers to the priest with the bodily defect.
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LEV 21 22 m8mz 1 eat the food of his God Parts of the sacrifices belonged to the priests and could be eaten. Alternate translation: “eat the food offering of his God”
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LEV 21 22 f3nk figs-explicit 1 some of the most holy or some of the holy This also refers to the food that was sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “some of the sacrifices offered in the most holy place or some of the sacrifices offered in the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 24 m5k8 1 to his sons Alternate translation: “to Aaron’s sons”
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LEV 21 1 nwz2 figs-metaphor לֹֽא־ יִטַּמָּ֖א 1 he must not make himself unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **unclean**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 21 1 gv2c בְּעַמָּֽיו 1 among his people Alternate translation: “among the Israelites”
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LEV 21 3 kba1 הַבְּתוּלָה֙ 1 virgin The word **virgin** is sometimes translated as “young woman.”
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LEV 21 5 fy55 וּפְאַ֥ת זְקָנָ֖ם לֹ֣א יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ 1 and they must not shave off the corner of their beard It is impossible to be certain what the writer intended here. This could mean: (1) shave off certain parts of their beards or (2) cut or shave any part of their beards.
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LEV 21 6 q1bp figs-metonymy וְלֹ֣א יְחַלְּל֔וּ שֵׁ֖ם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם 1 and they must not profane the name of their God This word **name** is used to represent Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “and they must not disgrace God’s reputation” or “and they must not disgrace their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 21 6 t99p figs-synecdoche לֶ֧חֶם אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֛ם 1 the bread of their God Here, **bread** represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. It is the sincerity of those offering the food that pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 6 vam1 וְהָ֥יוּ קֹֽדֶשׁ 1 so they must be holy Alternate translation: “so they must be set apart”
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LEV 21 7 h4wf לֹ֣א יִקָּ֔חוּ…לֹ֣א יִקָּ֑חוּ 1 He must not take … he must not take Alternate translation: “The priest must not take … the priest must not take”
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LEV 21 7 bxx7 כִּֽי־ קָדֹ֥שׁ ה֖וּא 1 For he is holy Alternate translation: “For he is set apart”
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LEV 21 8 aim5 וְקִדַּשְׁתּ֔וֹ 1 And you will make him holy Alternate translation: “And you people must treat the priest as holy”
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LEV 21 8 t6iq figs-synecdoche כִּֽי־ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ ה֣וּא מַקְרִ֑יב 1 for he is the one who offers the bread of your God Here, **bread** represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 8 l82b figs-activepassive קָדֹשׁ֙ יִֽהְיֶה־ לָּ֔ךְ 1 He must be holy for you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must regard him as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 9 i1i1 figs-activepassive תִּשָּׂרֵֽף 1 she must be burned If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn her to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 10 jhq7 figs-explicit שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ 1 the oil of anointing This is a reference to the **anointing** **oil** used in the ceremony consecrating a new the high priest. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 10 i6rn figs-activepassive אֲֽשֶׁר־ יוּצַ֥ק עַל־ רֹאשׁ֣וֹ׀ שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה֙ וּמִלֵּ֣א אֶת־ יָד֔וֹ 1 who has had the oil of anointing poured upon his head and has had his hand filled If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on whose head they poured anointing oil and whose hand they filled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 21 10 bg4j figs-explicit אֶת־ רֹאשׁוֹ֙ לֹ֣א יִפְרָ֔ע וּבְגָדָ֖יו לֹ֥א יִפְרֹֽם 1 he must not let his head be unbound and he must not tear his clothes Loose hair and torn **clothes** were signs of mourning. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he must not mourn for dead relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 12 wlv9 figs-explicit וּמִן־ הַמִּקְדָּשׁ֙ לֹ֣א יֵצֵ֔א 1 And he must not leave from the holy place This does not mean the high priest could never **leave**. God did not allow him to leave in order to grieve over someone who died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 14 sbf8 מֵעַמָּ֖יו 1 from his people Alternate translation: “from among his own tribe, the tribe of Levi”
|
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LEV 21 15 u8zz figs-idiom וְלֹֽא־ יְחַלֵּ֥ל זַרְע֖וֹ בְּעַמָּ֑יו 1 And he will not profane his offspring among his people By marrying an unholy or ungodly woman, the priest would have children unworthy to be priest. Alternate translation: “And he will not have unworthy children by marrying an ungodly woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LEV 21 17 hsd8 figs-explicit לֹ֣א יִקְרַ֔ב לְהַקְרִ֖יב לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהָֽיו 1 must not come near to offer food to his God The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must not come to burn the burnt offering of food on God’s altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 18 v2na לֹ֣א יִקְרָ֑ב 1 must not come near A priest had to meet specific physical standards in order to approach Yahweh. This does not imply that physical defects were the result of immorality or that all people with physical defects are unable to approach Yahweh.
|
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LEV 21 21 x45u figs-synecdoche אֵ֚ת לֶ֣חֶם אֱלֹהָ֔יו לֹ֥א יִגַּ֖שׁ לְהַקְרִֽיב 1 He must not approach to offer the bread of his God Here, **bread** represents food in general. Alternate translation: “He must not make burnt offering of food on God’s altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 21 22 m8mz לֶ֣חֶם אֱלֹהָ֔יו מִקָּדְשֵׁ֖י הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים וּמִן־ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים יֹאכֵֽל 1 The food of his God, some of the holiest holy things and some of the holy things, he may eat Parts of the sacrifices belonged to the priests and could be eaten. Alternate translation: “He may eat the food offering of his God, some of the holiest holy things and some of the holy things”
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LEV 21 22 n6gw יֹאכֵֽל 1 he may eat Here, **he** refers to the priest with the bodily defect.
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LEV 21 22 f3nk figs-explicit מִקָּדְשֵׁ֖י הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים וּמִן־ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים 1 some of the holiest holy things and some of the holy things This also refers to the food that was sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “some of the sacrifices offered in the most holy place or some of the sacrifices offered in the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 21 24 m5k8 וְאֶל־ בָּנָ֑יו 1 and to his sons Alternate translation: “and to Aaron’s sons”
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LEV 22 intro d2sr 0 # Leviticus 22 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Holy things<br><br>Priests who are unclean must not touch any holy thing. The things in the temple and involved in sacrifices must remain clean. An unclean priest would cause anything he touched to become unclean. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
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LEV 22 2 xs6u 1 tell them to keep away from the holy things Yahweh is about to describe situations where a priest is unclean and not allowed to touch holy things. Alternate translation: “tell them when they should keep away from the holy things”
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LEV 22 2 r1dd figs-metonymy 1 profane my holy name The word “profane” here means to dishonor. The word “name” represents Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “dishonor my reputation” or “dishonor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 22 3 t1cx 1 throughout your generations Alternate translation: “from now on”
|
||||
LEV 22 3 psy4 figs-metaphor 1 while he is unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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LEV 22 2 xs6u וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י 1 that they must deal respectfully with the holy things of Yahweh is about to describe situations where a priest is unclean and not allowed to touch holy things. Alternate translation: “that there are times when they should keep away from the holy things”
|
||||
LEV 22 2 r1dd figs-metonymy וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־ שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י 1 And they must not profane my holy name The word **profane** here means to dishonor. The word **name** represents Yahweh’s character. Alternate translation: “And they must not dishonor my reputation” or “And they must not dishonor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 22 3 t1cx לְדֹרֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם 1 throughout your generations Alternate translation: “from now on”
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LEV 22 3 psy4 figs-metaphor וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו 1 and his uncleanness is upon him A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. Alternate translation: “while he is unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 3 ewt8 figs-metaphor וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י 1 that person must be cut off from before my face A priest no longer being able to serve Yahweh is spoken of as if that person had been cut off from Yahweh’s presence, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “that person must be cut off from before me as a branch is cut from a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 3 uwch figs-activepassive וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י 1 that person must be cut off from before my face If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that person will no longer be able to serve as a priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 4 bbd6 1 infectious skin disease a disease on the skin easily spread from one person to another
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LEV 22 4 nqk1 1 an infection flowing from his body Alternate translation: “a bodily discharge”
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LEV 22 4 q5bm figs-euphemism 1 from his body This is a polite way of referring to a man’s private parts. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Leviticus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “from his private parts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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LEV 22 4 j2zc figs-metaphor 1 until he is clean A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 4 r3xg figs-metaphor 1 Whoever touches anything unclean Something that Yahweh has said is unfit to touch or eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 4 y1ym 1 through contact with the dead Alternate translation: “by touching a dead body”
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LEV 22 4 g41m figs-activepassive 1 the sacrifices made to Yahweh If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the sacrifices that someone has offered to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 5 in85 figs-explicit 1 or whoever touches any creeping animal that makes him unclean, or any person who makes him unclean This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “or whoever is unclean from touching a creeping animal or from touching another unclean person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 22 6 a8tz figs-metaphor 1 the priest … will be unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 6 v9vm 1 until evening Alternate translation: “until sunset”
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LEV 22 7 w1dk figs-metaphor 1 he will then be clean A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. Alternate translation: “the priest will then be considered clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 8 tve2 figs-activepassive 1 found dead or killed by wild animals If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that someone found dead or that a wild animal has killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 4 bbd6 צָר֨וּעַ֙ 1 one with a skin disease This refers to a disease on the skin easily spread from one person to another.
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LEV 22 4 j2zc figs-metaphor עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְהָ֑ר 1 until he becomes clean A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **clean**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 4 r3xg figs-metaphor וְהַנֹּגֵ֨עַ֙ בְּכָל־ טְמֵא 1 And the one who touches anything unclean Something that Yahweh has said is unfit to touch or eat is spoken of as if it were physically **unclean**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 5 in85 figs-explicit אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגַּ֔ע בְּכָל־ שֶׁ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ ל֑וֹ א֤וֹ בְאָדָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ ל֔וֹ 1 man who touches any swarming thing that makes him unclean, or a person who makes him unclean This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “or whoever is unclean from touching a creeping animal or from touching another unclean person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 22 6 a8tz figs-metaphor נֶ֚פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע־ בּ֔וֹ וְטָמְאָ֖ה 1 the person who touches it will be unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **unclean**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 6 v9vm עַד־ הָעָ֑רֶב 1 until the evening Alternate translation: “until sunset”
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LEV 22 7 w1dk figs-metaphor וְטָהֵ֑ר 1 then he will be clean A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically **clean**. Alternate translation: “then he will be considered clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 8 tve2 figs-activepassive נְבֵלָ֧ה וּטְרֵפָ֛ה 1 an animal found dead or killed by wild animals If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an animal that someone found dead or that a wild animal has killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 12 dg4g figs-abstractnouns בִּתְרוּמַ֥ת הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים 1 the holy contribution offerings If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **contributions**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the holy offerings which people have contributed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LEV 22 14 rd8r 1 he must repay the priest for it; he must add one-fifth to it This could mean: (1) that the person had to replace the food that he had eaten with the same kind of food or (2) that the person had to pay money to the priest for the food that he had eaten.
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LEV 22 14 kg3k translate-fraction 1 one-fifth This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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LEV 22 14 rd8r וְיָסַ֤ף חֲמִֽשִׁיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנָתַ֥ן לַכֹּהֵ֖ן אֶת־ הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ 1 then he must add its fifth on it and give the holy thing to the priest This could mean: (1) that the person had to replace the food that he had eaten with the same kind of food or (2) that the person had to pay money to the priest for the food that he had eaten.
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LEV 22 14 kg3k translate-fraction 1 one-fifth The term **one-fifth** refers to one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
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LEV 22 15 qr33 translate-symaction אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־ יָרִ֖ימוּ 1 that they lifted up Here the phrase **lifted up** refers to a symbolic gesture of respect that represents offering something to Yahweh. It means basically the same thing as “presented.” Alternate translation: “that they offered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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LEV 22 16 dbv5 figs-metaphor וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה 1 and cause themselves to bear the guilt of the guilt offering Here, **guilt** is spoken of as if it were an object that people can carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LEV 22 16 t742 figs-metonymy וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה 1 and cause themselves to bear the guilt of the guilt offering This could mean: (1) they would be responsible for their sin and so become guilty. Alternate translation: “they would be guilty for the sin that they committed” or (2) the word **guilt** is a metonym for punishment for the sin that they committed. Alternate translation: “they would receive the punishment because they are guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 22 18 nkn4 1 an alien Alternate translation: “a foreigner”
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LEV 22 19 fhu4 figs-activepassive 1 if it is to be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if Yahweh is to accept it” or “if I, Yahweh, am to accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 21 z634 figs-activepassive 1 to be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for me to accept it” or “for Yahweh to accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 22 x2kp 1 disabled, or maimed These words refer to defects caused by accidents.
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LEV 22 22 x5xy 1 warts, sores, or scabs These refer to types of skin diseases.
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LEV 22 23 tmi7 figs-activepassive 1 will not be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will not accept” or “Yahweh will not accept” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 23 d9zb 1 deformed or small These words refer to defects the animal has from birth.
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LEV 22 25 pe4u figs-synecdoche 1 must not present the bread of your God Here “bread” represents food in general. God did not actually eat the sacrifices. Priests would offer the sacrifice on God’s altar, and they would eat some of the meat. Alternate translation: “must not present an animal as a food offering to your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 22 18 nkn4 הַגֵּ֣ר 1 the sojourner Alternate translation: “the foreigner”
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LEV 22 19 fhu4 לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם 1 for your acceptance Alternate translation: “in order for Yahweh to accept it”
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LEV 22 21 z634 figs-activepassive לְרָצ֔וֹן 1 to be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for me to accept it” or “for Yahweh to accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 22 x2kp שָׁב֜וּר אוֹ־ חָר֣וּץ 1 disabled, or maimed, or The words **disabled** and **maimed** refer to defects caused by accidents.
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LEV 22 22 x5xy יַבֶּ֗לֶת א֤וֹ גָרָב֙ א֣וֹ יַלֶּ֔פֶת 1 that have warts, or eczema, or scabs The words **warts**, **eczema**, and **scabs** refer to types of skin diseases.
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LEV 22 23 d9zb שָׂר֣וּעַ וְקָל֑וּט 1 deformed or small The words **deformed** and**small** refer to defects the animal has from birth.
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LEV 22 23 tmi7 figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵרָצֶֽה 1 it will not be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will not accept it” or “Yahweh will not accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 25 as6g figs-synecdoche וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־ נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־ אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם 1 And from the hand of the son of a foreigner you must not offer the food of your God from any of these because their deformity is in them and a defect is in them Here the word **hand** represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “And you must not offer as food to your God any deformed animal from a foreigner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 22 25 pe4u figs-synecdoche לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם 1 you must not offer the food of your God God did not actually eat the sacrifices. Priests would offer the sacrifice on God’s altar, and they would eat some of the meat. Alternate translation: “you must not present an animal as a food offering to your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LEV 22 25 n9fu figs-explicit וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־ נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־ לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־ אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם 1 And from the hand of the son of a foreigner you must not offer the food of your God from any of these because their deformity is in them and a defect is in them It is implied that Israelites could not use animals as a sacrifice to God if they bought it from a foreigner, because foreigners castrated their animals making them unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “And you must not offer to your God any animal that a foreigner has castrated, because that animal is deformed as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LEV 22 25 zq7w figs-activepassive 1 they will not be accepted for you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not accept them from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 27 m6tu figs-activepassive 1 it may be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you may accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 27 z5ck figs-activepassive 1 for an offering made by fire If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for a burnt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 30 a239 figs-activepassive 1 It must be eaten If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must eat it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 30 x1gm figs-activepassive 1 that it is sacrificed If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you sacrificed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 31 x62z figs-doublet 1 keep my commandments and carry them out The words “keep” and “carry out” mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey God’s commands. Alternate translation: “obey my commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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LEV 22 32 nc63 figs-metonymy 1 You must not profane my holy name Here the word “name” represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and “profane” means to remove the honor that belongs to God as Creator and Lord of the universe. Alternate translation: “You must not dishonor me, for I am holy” or “You must not dishonor my holy reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 22 32 dq3e figs-activepassive 1 I must be acknowledged as holy by the people of Israel If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel must acknowledge me as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 25 zq7w figs-activepassive לֹ֥א יֵרָצ֖וּ לָכֶֽם 1 They will not be accepted for you If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not accept them from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 27 m6tu figs-activepassive יֵרָצֶ֕ה 1 it may be accepted If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you may accept it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 27 z5ck figs-activepassive אִשֶּׁ֖ה 1 an offering made by fire If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “for a burnt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 30 a239 figs-activepassive יֵאָכֵ֔ל 1 it must be eaten If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must eat it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 22 31 x62z figs-doublet וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ מִצְוֺתַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם 1 And you must keep my commandments and you must do them The words **keep** and **do** mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey God’s commands. Alternate translation: “you must obey my commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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LEV 22 32 nc63 figs-metonymy וְלֹ֤א תְחַלְּלוּ֙ אֶת־ שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֔י 1 And you must not profane my holy name Here the word **name** represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and **profane** means to remove the honor that belongs to God as Creator and Lord of the universe. Alternate translation: “And you must not dishonor me, for I am holy” or “And you must not dishonor my holy reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LEV 22 32 dq3e figs-activepassive וְנִ֨קְדַּשְׁתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 I must be treated as holy in the midst of the sons of Israel If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel must treat me as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LEV 23 intro j29n 0 # Leviticus 23 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The feasts<br><br>The people should celebrate the Sabbath, the Passover, the Feast of First Fruits, the Feast of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Booths. These feasts were important for the religious life of Israel. They were a part of proper worship of Yahweh and the identity of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]])
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LEV 23 2 v493 1 the appointed festivals for Yahweh These were festivals that the Lord had appointed times for. The people were to worship him at these festivals. Alternate translation: “the festivals for Yahweh” or “Yahweh’s festivals”
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LEV 23 3 vk4w 1 the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest This is something the people must do habitually. After every six days in which they can work, they must rest on the seventh day.
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Reference in New Issue