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Merge pull request 'Larry edits to Daniel 7-8' (#3080) from lrsallee-tc-create-1 into master 

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3080
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Larry Sallee 2022-12-28 20:17:53 +00:00
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@ -502,161 +502,157 @@ front:intro txw3 0 # Introduction to Daniel\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
7:28 v6mq עַד־כָּ֖ה סוֹפָ֣⁠א דִֽי־מִלְּתָ֑⁠א 1 This means that Daniel has finished describing the vision. Alternate translation: “That is what I saw in my vision” or “This is the end of the description of what I saw in my vision”
8:intro cbk6 0 # Daniel 8 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The vision of the ram and the male goat\n\nAlthough specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
8:1 rft5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage 0 # General Information:\n\nChapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniel’s vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:1 b6kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal In the third year 0 “In year three” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
8:1 er4q Belshazzar 0 This is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
8:1 h9fw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background had a vision appear to me (after the one … first) 0 This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniel’s second vision. Alternate translation: “had a second vision appear to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
8:2 t4xy fortress 0 a walled city that was guarded and protected
8:2 m8kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Susa … Elam … Ulai Canal 0 These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8:2 jfs1 Canal 0 A canal is a narrow man-made waterway.
8:3 kh4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage a ram with two horns 0 It is normal for rams to have two horns. These horns, however, have symbolic meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:3 buj1 but the longer … passed up in length by it 0 Alternate translation: “but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it”
8:4 wrr2 I saw the ram charging 0 Alternate translation: “I saw the ram rushing” or “I saw the ram running very quickly”
8:4 s49e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to rescue anyone out of his hand 0 Rams do not have hands. Here “hand” refers to the ram’s power. Alternate translation: “to rescue anyone from him” or “to rescue anyone from his power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:5 npd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole across the surface of the whole earth 0 The phrase “the whole earth” is an exaggeration that means he came from far away. Alternate translation: “from far away across the surface of the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
8:5 jv2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The goat had a large horn between his eyes 0 Goats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: “The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:6 ith5 in a powerful rage 0 Alternate translation: “and it was very angry”
8:7 u36k trampled 0 to crush something by stepping on it
8:7 hh82 the ram from his power 0 Alternate translation: “the ram from the goat because of his power”
8:8 kr6f the goat became very large 0 Alternate translation: “the goat became very large and strong”
8:8 pt9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the large horn was broken 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “something broke off the large horn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:8 z9lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom toward the four winds of the heavens 0 Here “the four winds of heaven” is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: “in four different directions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8:9 ys25 but which became very large 0 Alternate translation: “but it became very large”
8:9 i3jg in the south, in the east, and in the land of beauty 0 This probably means it pointed in those directions. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “and pointed toward the south and then toward the east and then toward the beautiful land of Israel”
8:9 umn2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the land of beauty 0 This is a reference to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8:10 pkh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification It became so large as to engage in war 0 Here the horn is given qualities of a person and is engaging in war. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:10 h6ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Some of that army … thrown down to the earth 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: The horn threw some of that army and some of the stars down to the earth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:10 iq57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification it trampled on them 0 Here the horn is given qualities of a person that tramples on the stars and on the army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:11 akq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 # General Information:\n\nThe horn is given qualities of a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:11 x2bs Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nDaniel continues describing his vision of the horn ([Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md)).
8:11 r2zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the commander of the army 0 This refers to God himself, who is the leader of the angel army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:11 i4px It took away from him the regular burnt offering 0 Here “took away” means the horn stopped the offering. Here “him” refers to God, the commander of the army. Alternate translation: “It stopped the people from making their regular burnt offering to him”
8:11 c2s4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the place of his sanctuary was polluted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it defiled his sanctuary” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:12 y31h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The horn will throw truth down to the ground 0 The horn ignoring truth and godliness is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: “The horn will reject the truth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:13 lj18 holy one 0 Alternate translation: “angel”
8:13 b9yz the handing over of the sanctuary 0 Alternate translation: “the surrender of the sanctuary”
8:13 xj3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive heaven’s army being trampled on 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the horn trampling on heaven’s army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:14 ed38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 2,300 evenings and mornings 0 “Two thousand three hundred evenings and mornings.” Here “evenings and mornings” is a merism that refers to everything in between, which means full days. Alternate translation: “2,300 sunsets and sunrises” or “2,300 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
8:14 j3q3 the sanctuary will be put right 0 Alternate translation: “the temple will be purified and set in order again”
8:16 h4dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche a man’s voice calling between the banks of the Ulai Canal 0 Here a man is being referred to by his voice. Alternate translation: “a man calling from the Ulai Canal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
8:16 c8qg Ulai Canal 0 A canal is a narrow man-made waterway. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 8:2](../08/02.md).
8:17 c9ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction prostrated myself on the ground 0 This is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
8:17 v6y5 the time of the end 0 “the final days” or “the end of the world.” This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end.
8:18 c89u a deep sleep 0 This is a type of sleep when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily.
8:19 v9et rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the time of wrath 0 This refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the time when God judges in anger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:19 zif5 the appointed time for the end 0 Alternate translation: “the time when the world will end”
8:20 bi9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represent human rulers and kingdoms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:20 zfr2 two horns—they are 0 Alternate translation: “two horns—they represent”
8:20 k8n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the kings of Media and Persia 0 This could mean: (1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or (2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: “the kingdoms of Media and Persia” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:21 j9y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the king of Greece 0 This could mean: (1) this refers to the king of Greece or (2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Greece” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:21 h37i The large horn between his eyes is 0 Alternate translation: “The large horn between his eyes represents”
8:22 j764 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:22 qtr7 As for the horn that was broken … four others arose 0 Alternate translation: “Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose”
8:22 c6qn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit four kingdoms will arise from his nation 0 The four horns represent the four new kingdoms. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they represent the four kingdoms into which the kingdom of the first king will be divided” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:22 z39i but not with his great power 0 Alternate translation: “but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn”
8:23 gk83 At the latter time of those kingdoms 0 Alternate translation: “As those kingdoms approach their end”
8:23 t2i5 shall have reached their limit 0 Alternate translation: “have reached their full” or “have run their course”
8:23 x2ku grim-faced 0 This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey.
8:24 fm5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:24 ue1c but not by his own power 0 Alternate translation: “but someone else will give him his power”
8:25 yq8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification he will make deceit prosper 0 Here “deceit” is spoken of as if it is a person who will prosper. Alternate translation: “the amount of deception will increase” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:25 u9tg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy under his hand 0 Here “hand” refers to his rule. Alternate translation: “under his rule” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:25 f6qi King of kings 0 This refers to God.
8:25 asi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he will be broken 0 Here “he” refers to his power. Alternate translation: “his rule will end” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:25 cxx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy not by any human hand 0 Here “hand” refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “not by any human power” or “by divine power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:26 cer6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor seal up the vision 0 The angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: “close and seal up what you have written about the vision” or “do not tell anyone about the vision now” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:27 us1l was overcome and lay weak for several days 0 Alternate translation: “was exhausted and lay in bed sick for several days”
8:27 c42h went about the king’s business 0 Alternate translation: “did the work that the king had assigned to me”
8:27 v7gd I was appalled by the vision 0 Alternate translation: “I was dismayed by the vision” or “I was very confused by the vision”
8:1 b6kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֣ת שָׁל֔וֹשׁ 1 “In year three” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
8:1 er4q בֵּלְאשַׁצַּ֣ר 1 **Belshazzar** is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
8:1 h9fw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background חָז֞וֹן נִרְאָ֤ה אֵלַ⁠י֙ & אַחֲרֵ֛י הַ⁠נִּרְאָ֥ה אֵלַ֖⁠י בַּ⁠תְּחִלָּֽה 1 This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniel’s second vision. Alternate translation: “had a second vision appear to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
8:2 t4xy הַ⁠בִּירָ֔ה 1 A **citadel** was a walled city that was guarded and protected.
8:2 m8kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּ⁠שׁוּשַׁ֣ן & בְּ⁠עֵילָ֣ם & אוּבַ֥ל אוּלָֽי 1 **Susa**, **Elam**, and the **Ulai Canal** are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8:2 jfs1 אוּבַ֥ל 1 A canal is a narrow man-made waterway.
8:3 kh4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֗ד & וְ⁠ל֣⁠וֹ קְרָנָ֑יִם 1 It is normal for rams to have **two horns**. These horns, however, have symbolic meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:3 buj1 וְ⁠הָ⁠אַחַת֙ גְּבֹהָ֣ה מִן־הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔ית וְ⁠הַ֨⁠גְּבֹהָ֔ה עֹלָ֖ה בָּ⁠אַחֲרֹנָֽה 1 Alternate translation: “but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it”
8:4 wrr2 רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־הָ⁠אַ֡יִל מְנַגֵּחַ֩ 1 Alternate translation: “I saw the ram rushing” or “I saw the ram running very quickly”
8:4 s49e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַצִּ֖יל מִ⁠יָּד֑⁠וֹ 1 Rams do not have hands. Here **hand** refers to the ram’s power. Alternate translation: “to rescue anyone from him” or “to rescue anyone from his power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:5 npd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 The phrase **the whole earth** is an exaggeration that means he came from far away. Alternate translation: “from far away across the surface of the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
8:5 jv2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠הַ֨⁠צָּפִ֔יר קֶ֥רֶן חָז֖וּת בֵּ֥ין עֵינָֽי⁠ו 1 Goats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: “The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:6 ith5 בַּ⁠חֲמַ֥ת כֹּחֽ⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “and he was very angry”
8:7 u36k וַֽ⁠יִּרְמְסֵ֔⁠הוּ 1 To trample something is to crush it by stepping on it.
8:7 hh82 לָ⁠אַ֖יִל מִ⁠יָּדֽ⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “the ram from the goat because of his power”
8:8 kr6f וּ⁠צְפִ֥יר הָ⁠עִזִּ֖ים הִגְדִּ֣יל עַד־מְאֹ֑ד 1 Alternate translation: “the goat made himself very large and strong”
8:8 pt9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נִשְׁבְּרָה֙ הַ⁠קֶּ֣רֶן הַ⁠גְּדוֹלָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “something broke off the large horn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:8 z9lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לְ⁠אַרְבַּ֖ע רוּח֥וֹת הַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 Here **the four winds of heaven** is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: “in four different directions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8:9 ys25 וַ⁠תִּגְדַּל־יֶ֛תֶר 1 Alternate translation: “but it became very large”
8:9 i3jg אֶל־הַ⁠נֶּ֥גֶב וְ⁠אֶל־הַ⁠מִּזְרָ֖ח וְ⁠אֶל־הַ⁠צֶּֽבִי 1 This probably means it pointed in those directions. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “and pointed toward the south and then toward the east and then toward the beautiful land of Israel”
8:9 umn2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַ⁠צֶּֽבִי 1 This is a reference to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8:10 pkh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מִן־הַ⁠צָּבָ֥א וּ⁠מִן־הַ⁠כּוֹכָבִ֖ים וַֽ⁠תִּרְמְסֵֽ⁠ם 1 Here the horn is given qualities of a person and is engaging in war. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:11 akq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 # General Information:\n\nThe horn is given additional qualities of a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:11 r2zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שַֽׂר־הַ⁠צָּבָ֖א 1 This refers to God himself, who is the leader of the angel army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:11 i4px וּ⁠מִמֶּ֨⁠נּוּ֙ הרים הַ⁠תָּמִ֔יד 1 Here **took away** means the horn stopped the offering. Here **him** refers to God, the commander of the army. Alternate translation: “It stopped the people from making their regular burnt offering to him”
8:11 c2s4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠הֻשְׁלַ֖ךְ מְכ֥וֹן מִקְדָּשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it defiled his sanctuary” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:12 y31h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠תַשְׁלֵ֤ךְ אֱמֶת֙ אַ֔רְצָ⁠ה 1 The horn ignoring **truth** is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: “The horn will reject the truth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:13 lj18 אֶֽחָד־קָד֖וֹשׁ 1 Alternate translation: “an angel”
8:13 b9yz תֵּ֛ת וְ⁠קֹ֥דֶשׁ 1 Alternate translation: “the surrender of the sanctuary”
8:13 xj3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠צָבָ֖א מִרְמָֽס 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the horn trampling on heaven’s army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8:14 ed38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism עֶ֣רֶב בֹּ֔קֶר אַלְפַּ֖יִם וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת 1 Here **evenings and mornings** is a merism that refers to everything in between, which means full days. Alternate translation: “2,300 sunsets and sunrises” or “2,300 days” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
8:14 j3q3 וְ⁠נִצְדַּ֖ק קֹֽדֶשׁ 1 Alternate translation: “the temple will be purified and set in order again”
8:16 h4dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche קוֹל־אָדָ֖ם בֵּ֣ין אוּלָ֑י וַ⁠יִּקְרָא֙ וַ⁠יֹּאמַ֔ר 1 Here a **man** is being referred to by his **voice**. Alternate translation: “a man calling from the Ulai Canal and saying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
8:17 c9ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וָ⁠אֶפְּלָ֖⁠ה עַל־פָּנָ֑⁠י 1 This is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
8:17 v6y5 לְ⁠עֶת־קֵ֥ץ 1 This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end. Alternate translation: “is for the final days” or “is for the end of the world”
8:18 c89u נִרְדַּ֥מְתִּי 1 This is a type of **sleep** when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily.
8:19 v9et rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַ⁠זָּ֑עַם 1 This refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the time when God judges in anger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:19 zif5 לְ⁠מוֹעֵ֥ד קֵֽץ 1 Alternate translation: “it refers to the time when the world will end”
8:20-26 bi9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage 0 # General Information:\n\nIn verses 20-26, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represent human rulers and kingdoms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
8:20 k8n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַלְכֵ֖י מָדַ֥י וּ⁠פָרָֽס 1 This could mean: (1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or (2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: “represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:21 j9y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מֶ֣לֶךְ יָוָ֑ן 1 This could mean: (1) this refers to the king of Greece or (2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate translation: “is the kingdom of Greece” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:21 h37i וְ⁠הַ⁠קֶּ֤רֶן הַ⁠גְּדוֹלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֵּין־עֵינָ֔י⁠ו ה֖וּא 1 Alternate translation: “and the large horn between his eyes represents”
8:22 qtr7 וְ⁠הַ֨⁠נִּשְׁבֶּ֔רֶת וַ⁠תַּֽעֲמֹ֥דְנָה אַרְבַּ֖ע תַּחְתֶּ֑י⁠הָ 1 Alternate translation: “Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose, which”
8:22 c6qn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠תַּֽעֲמֹ֥דְנָה אַרְבַּ֖ע תַּחְתֶּ֑י⁠הָ אַרְבַּ֧ע מַלְכֻי֛וֹת 1 The **four** horns represent the four new **kingdoms**. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and they represent the four kingdoms into which the kingdom of the first king will be divided, and” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8:22 z39i וְ⁠לֹ֥א בְ⁠כֹחֽ⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn”
8:23 gk83 וּֽ⁠בְ⁠אַחֲרִית֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “As those kingdoms approach their end”
8:23 t2i5 כְּ⁠הָתֵ֖ם הַ⁠פֹּשְׁעִ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “when the transgressors have reached their full” or “when those sinful kings have run their course”
8:23 x2ku עַז־פָּנִ֖ים 1 This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey.
8:24 ue1c כֹּח⁠וֹ֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א בְ⁠כֹח֔⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “but someone else will give him his power”
8:25 yq8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠הִצְלִ֤יחַ מִרְמָה֙ 1 Here **deceit** is spoken of as if it is a person who will prosper. Alternate translation: “the amount of deception will increase” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8:25 u9tg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָד֔⁠וֹ 1 Here **hand** refers to his rule. Alternate translation: “under his rule” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:25 f6qi שַׂר־שָׂרִים֙ 1 This refers to God.
8:25 cxx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בְ⁠אֶ֥פֶס יָ֖ד 1 Here **hand** refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “and … not by any human power” or “and … by divine power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:25 asi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִשָּׁבֵֽר 1 Here **he** refers to his power. Alternate translation: “his rule will end” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:26 cer6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor סְתֹ֣ם הֶֽ⁠חָז֔וֹן 1 The angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: “close and seal up what you have written about the vision” or “do not tell anyone about the vision now” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:27 us1l נִהְיֵ֤יתִי וְ⁠נֶֽחֱלֵ֨יתִי֙ יָמִ֔ים 1 Alternate translation: “was exhausted and lay in bed sick for several days”
8:27 c42h וָ⁠אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֖ה אֶת־מְלֶ֣אכֶת הַ⁠מֶּ֑לֶךְ 1 Alternate translation: “and did the work that the king had assigned to me”
8:27 v7gd וָ⁠אֶשְׁתּוֹמֵ֥ם עַל־הַ⁠מַּרְאֶ֖ה 1 Alternate translation: “I was dismayed by the vision” or “I was very confused by the vision”
9:intro sz7n 0 # Daniel 9 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Daniel told the future\n\nGabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26\n\nThis passage uses the expressions “seventy sevens of years,” “seven sevens and sixty-two sevens,” and “sixty-two sevens of years” to denote ““490 years,” “49 years and then 434 years,” and “434 years,” respectively. The original language uses the idea of a “week” to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers.
9:1 a2ic 0 # General Information:\n\nChapters 7 and 8 were not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king. Chapter 9 now returns to the events of the reign of Darius who became king in chapter 6.
9:1 lvl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background It was Ahasuerus who had been made king over the realm of the Babylonians 0 This is background information about who Ahasuerus was. The UST places this in parentheses to make that clear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
9:1 y3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who had been made king over the realm of the Babylonians 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who became king over the realm of the Babylonians” or “who conquered the Babylonians” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:1 m6bc over the realm 0 Alternate translation: “over the country” or “over the kingdom”
9:2 h1p2 Yahweh 0 This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
9:2 y2g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers there would be seventy years until Jerusalem’s abandonment would end 0 “from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9:2 zrc4 abandonment 0 this means no one would help or rebuild Jerusalem during that time
9:3 xi1v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I turned my face to the Lord God 0 Here “face” represents Daniel’s attention. Alternate translation: “I focused my attention on the Lord God” or “I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:3 v1yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to seek him 0 Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:3 ni5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction fasting, wearing sackcloth, and sitting in ashes 0 These are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
9:4 waz8 I made confession of our sins 0 Alternate translation: “I confessed our sins”
9:4 q4bd you are the one who keeps the covenant and is faithful to love those 0 Alternate translation: “you do what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those”
9:5 bz6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism We have sinned and have done what is wrong 0 These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:5 ie62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism We have acted wickedly and we have rebelled 0 These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:5 fu8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet your commands and decrees 0 The words “commands” and “decrees” share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:6 x5wh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy We have not listened to your servants 0 Here “not listened” means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:6 hp4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy spoke in your name 0 Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:6 et6z the people of the land 0 Here “land” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
9:7 fy69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor To you, Lord, belongs righteousness 0 Being righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9:7 x7i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the people 0 Being ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9:7 k8fa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive To us today 0 The word “us” includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:7 kk5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom belongs shame on our faces 0 This idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:7 u1gy because of the great treachery that we committed against you 0 Alternate translation: “because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”
9:9 vqm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness 0 Having these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: “The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:10 kf4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God 0 Here “voice” refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:11 b68w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom turned aside 0 The words “turned aside” mean that Israel stopped obeying God’s laws. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:11 qk6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that are written in the law of Moses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Moses wrote about in the law” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:11 n3rz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor have been poured out on us 0 The abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were poured out like water. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have brought upon us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:12 n2ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom For under the whole of heaven 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “For in the whole world” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:12 l46l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive there has not been done anything 0 “nothing has been done.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing has happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:12 vbx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive what has been done to Jerusalem 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what you have done to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:13 c1fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive As it is written in the law of Moses 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote in the law” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:13 sk3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom turning away from our iniquities 0 Here stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: “stopping our evil actions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:14 dxb5 Yahweh has kept the disaster ready 0 Alternate translation: “Yahweh has prepared this disaster”
9:14 up2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy we have not obeyed his voice 0 Here “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “we have not done what he told us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:15 wi6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy with a mighty hand 0 Here “mighty hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “with great strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:15 k82d you have made a famous name for yourself, as in this present day 0 Alternate translation: “you caused people to know how great you are, as you still do today”
9:15 u2zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism still we sinned; we have done wicked things 0 These two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:15 h9ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive we sinned; we have done wicked things 0 Daniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, but “we” does not include God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:16 zd1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet your anger and your wrath 0 The words “anger” and “wrath” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how terrible God’s anger is when he acts on it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:16 g4t8 your holy mountain 0 This mountain may be holy because God’s temple is there. Alternate translation: “the mountain where your holy temple is”
9:16 t4wb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive our sins … our ancestors 0 Here “our” refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:16 qcc3 an object of scorn 0 Alternate translation: “a target of disrespect”
9:17 e6hv Now 0 This does not mean “at this moment”, but it is a way to show that the next phase in Daniel’s prayer is about to start.
9:17 u437 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person your servant … his pleas for mercy 0 The words “your servant” and “his” here refer to Daniel. He speaks about himself in the third person as a sign of respect for God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
9:17 ndy1 pleas for mercy 0 Alternate translation: “requests for mercy”
9:17 a4vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor make your face shine on 0 The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahweh’s face shone a light. Alternate translation: “act kindly toward” or “act with favor toward” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:17 b52l your sanctuary 0 This refers to the temple in Jerusalem.
9:18 sv8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom open your ears and listen 0 To “open the ears” is an idiom that means to listen. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to listen to his prayer. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:18 jqa4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom open your eyes and see 0 To “open the eyes” is an idiom that means to see. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to pay attention to his prayer. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:18 gw8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy is called by your name 0 Here “name” represents ownership. Alternate translation: “is your city” or “belongs to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:19 y5zw do not delay 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “act quickly”
9:20 n3ma my people Israel 0 Alternate translation: “the people of Israel to whom I belong”
9:21 tmu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the man Gabriel 0 This is the same angel Gabriel who appeared in the form of a man in [Daniel 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Gabriel, who appeared as a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9:21 m9dw in the vision at the first 0 This may refer to the first vision that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate translation: “in the previous vision” or “in the vision I saw before” or “in a vision before”
9:21 ud8s flew down to me in rapid flight 0 Alternate translation: “flew down to me quickly”
9:21 i2as at the time of the evening sacrifice 0 The Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down.
9:22 i4uk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet insight and understanding 0 The words “insight” and “understanding” mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:23 bj8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the order was given 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave the order” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:23 ke8t consider this word 0 Alternate translation: “think about this message”
9:23 dn8d the revelation 0 This refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md).
9:24 tn7g Seventy sevens are decreed for your people and your holy city to 0 God decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city.
9:24 x7sx Seventy sevens 0 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “Seventy times seven years”
9:24 vmn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you your people and your holy city 0 The word “your” here refers to Daniel. The people are the Israelites and the holy city is Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
9:24 v75s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism to end the guilt and put an end to sin 0 The idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:24 dt4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to carry out the vision 0 Here “carry out” is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: “to accomplish the vision” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:24 z31h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet the vision and the prophecy 0 These words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiah’s vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:25 hg9s and sixty-two sevens 0 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “seven times seven years … and sixty-two times seven years”
9:25 z58t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet Know and understand 0 These words are used together to make the importance clear. Alternate translation: “You must clearly understand” or “You must know for sure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:25 cc6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction the anointed one 0 Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
9:25 mg6r seven sevens … and sixty-two sevens 0 These added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24.
9:25 tg7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Jerusalem will be rebuilt 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will rebuild Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:25 gs6w moat 0 a deep ditch around a city or building, usually with water in it
9:25 q3nq the times of distress 0 Alternate translation: “a time of great trouble”
9:26 t9v5 sixty-two sevens 0 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. See how you translated this number in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “sixty-two times seven”
9:26 pru6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the anointed one will be destroyed and will have nothing 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will destroy the anointed one and he will have nothing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:26 nzv4 the anointed one 0 Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses”
9:26 bn3z a coming ruler 0 This is a foreign ruler, not “the anointed one.” Alternate translation: “a foreign ruler who will come” or “a powerful ruler who will come”
9:26 hpa8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Its end will come with a flood 0 The army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a flood destroys things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:26 ite5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Desolations have been decreed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary” or “God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:27 a45k He will … he will 0 This refers to the coming ruler who will destroy the anointed one.
9:27 zqk4 one seven … In the middle of the seven 0 Here “seven” is used to refer to a period of seven years. Alternate translation: “seven years … Halfway through the seven years”
9:27 rr1b put an end to 0 Alternate translation: “stop” or “halt”
9:27 jsh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet the sacrifice and the offering 0 These words basically mean the same thing. The repetition is to show that the ruler will prevent all types of sacrifices. Alternate translation: “all forms of sacrificing” or “every type of offering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:27 e962 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the wing of abominations 0 This may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called “abominations” because they are full of idols. Alternate translation: “the walls of the temple that are full of abominations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:27 l267 someone who makes desolate 0 Alternate translation: “a person who completely destroys”
9:27 i8lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive A full end and destruction are decreed to be poured out 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed that he will pour out a full end and destruction” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:27 x6c9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet A full end and destruction 0 These two words or expressions are basically the same. They emphasize how serious and complete the destruction will be. Alternate translation: “Complete destruction” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:27 t53m the one who has made the desolation 0 Alternate translation: “the person who caused the destruction”
9:1 lvl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This is background information about who Ahasuerus was. The UST places this in parentheses to make that clear. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
9:1 y3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָמְלַ֔ךְ עַ֖ל מַלְכ֥וּת כַּשְׂדִּֽים 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who became king over the realm of the Babylonians” or “who conquered the Babylonians” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:1 m6bc עַ֖ל מַלְכ֥וּת 1 Alternate translation: “over the country of” or “over the kingdom of”
9:2 y2g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers מִסְפַּ֣ר הַ⁠שָּׁנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיָ֤ה דְבַר־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־יִרְמִיָ֣ה הַ⁠נָּבִ֔יא לְ⁠מַלֹּ֛אות לְ⁠חָרְב֥וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה 1 Alternate translation: “from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9:2 zrc4 לְ⁠חָרְב֥וֹת 1 This means no one would help or rebuild Jerusalem during that time.
9:3 xi1v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וָ⁠אֶתְּנָ֣⁠ה אֶת־פָּנַ֗⁠י אֶל־אֲדֹנָ⁠י֙ הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים 1 Here **face** represents Daniel’s attention. Alternate translation: “I focused my attention on the Lord God” or “I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:3 v1yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְ⁠בַקֵּ֥שׁ 1 Those who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:3 ni5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction בְּ⁠צ֖וֹם וְ⁠שַׂ֥ק וָ⁠אֵֽפֶר 1 These are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
9:4 waz8 וָ⁠אֶתְוַדֶּ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “and I confessed our sins”
9:4 q4bd שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַ⁠בְּרִית֙ וְֽ⁠הַ⁠חֶ֔סֶד לְ⁠אֹהֲבָ֖י⁠ו 1 Alternate translation: “who does what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those”
9:5 bz6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism חָטָ֥אנוּ וְ⁠עָוִ֖ינוּ 1 These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:5 ie62 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ו⁠הרשענו וּ⁠מָרָ֑דְנוּ 1 These two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:5 fu8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet מִ⁠מִּצְוֺתֶ֖⁠ךָ וּ⁠מִ⁠מִּשְׁפָּטֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 The words **commandments** and **ordinances** share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:6 x5wh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹ֤א שָׁמַ֨עְנוּ֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֣י⁠ךָ הַ⁠נְּבִיאִ֔ים 1 Here **not listened** means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:6 hp4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דִּבְּרוּ֙ בְּ⁠שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֔ 1 Here **name** refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:6 et6z עַ֥ם הָ⁠אָֽרֶץ 1 Here **land** refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
9:7 fy69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְ⁠ךָ֤ אֲדֹנָ⁠י֙ הַ⁠צְּדָקָ֔ה 1 Being righteous is spoken of as if **righteousness** were an object that **belongs(( to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:7 w8bv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠ךָ֤ אֲדֹנָ⁠י֙ הַ⁠צְּדָקָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9:7 x7i6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠לָ֛⁠נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַ⁠פָּנִ֖ים 1 Being ashamed is spoken of as if **shame** were an object that belongs to people. Alternate translation: “but we are ashamed of what we have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:7 ij68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠לָ֛⁠נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַ⁠פָּנִ֖ים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “but we are ashamed of what we have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9:7 k8fa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive וְ⁠לָ֛⁠נוּ 1 The word **us** includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:7 kk5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַ⁠פָּנִ֖ים 1 This idiom means their **shame** is visible to all. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:7 u1gy בְּ⁠מַעֲלָ֖⁠ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בָֽ⁠ךְ 1 Alternate translation: “because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”
9:9 vqm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַֽ⁠אדֹנָ֣⁠י אֱלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ הָ⁠רַחֲמִ֖ים וְ⁠הַ⁠סְּלִח֑וֹת 1 Having these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: “The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:10 kf4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְנוּ בְּ⁠ק֖וֹל יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 Here **voice** refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “and we have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:11 b68w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠ס֕וֹר 1 The words **turned aside** mean that Israel stopped obeying God’s laws. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:11 n3rz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠תִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜י⁠נוּ 1 The abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were **poured out** like water. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:11 axe0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠תִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜י⁠נוּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have brought upon us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:11 qk6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֤ר כְּתוּבָה֙ בְּ⁠תוֹרַת֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Moses wrote about in the law” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:12 n2ng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תַּ֚חַת כָּל־הַ⁠שָּׁמַ֔יִם 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in the whole world” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:12 l46l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹֽא־נֶעֶשְׂתָ֗ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing has happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:12 vbx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֥ר נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה בִּ⁠ירוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like what you have done to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:13 c1fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בְּ⁠תוֹרַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֔ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote in the law” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:13 sk3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לָ⁠שׁוּב֙ מֵֽ⁠עֲוֺנֵ֔⁠נוּ 1 Here stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: “stopping our evil actions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:14 dxb5 וַ⁠יִּשְׁקֹ֤ד יְהוָה֙ עַל־הָ֣⁠רָעָ֔ה 1 Alternate translation: “Yahweh has prepared this disaster”
9:14 up2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ בְּ⁠קֹלֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here **voice** refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “but we have not done what he told us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:15 wi6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֔ה 1 Here **mighty hand** is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “with great strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:15 k82d וַ⁠תַּֽעַשׂ־לְ⁠ךָ֥ שֵׁ֖ם כַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “and you caused people to know how great you are, as you still do today”
9:15 u2zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism חָטָ֖אנוּ רָשָֽׁעְנוּ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:15 h9ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive חָטָ֖אנוּ רָשָֽׁעְנוּ 1 Daniel and Israel **sinned** and did **wicked** things, but **we** does not include God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:16 zd1k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אַפְּ⁠ךָ֙ וַ⁠חֲמָ֣תְ⁠ךָ֔ 1 The words **anger** and **wrath** mean basically the same thing and emphasize how terrible God’s anger is when he acts on it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:16 g4t8 הַר־קָדְשֶׁ֑⁠ךָ 1 This **mountain** may be **holy** because God’s temple is there. Alternate translation: “the mountain where your holy temple is”
9:16 t4wb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive בַ⁠חֲטָאֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ & אֲבֹתֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 Here **our** refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
9:16 qcc3 לְ⁠חֶרְפָּ֖ה 1 Alternate translation: “have become a target of disrespect”
9:17 e6hv וְ⁠עַתָּ֣ה 1 This phrase shows that the next phase in Daniel’s prayer is about to start.
9:17 u437 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person עַבְדְּ⁠ךָ֙ & תַּ֣חֲנוּנָ֔י⁠ו 1 The words **your servant** and **his** here refer to Daniel. He speaks about himself in the third person as a sign of respect for God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
9:17 a4vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠הָאֵ֣ר פָּנֶ֔י⁠ךָ עַל 1 The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahweh’s face shone a light. Alternate translation: “act kindly toward” or “act with favor toward” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:17 b52l מִקְדָּשְׁ⁠ךָ֖ 1 This refers to the temple in Jerusalem.
9:18 sv8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַטֵּ֨ה & אָזְנְ⁠ךָ֮ 1 To **incline … your ear** is an idiom that means to listen. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:18 qi58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet הַטֵּ֨ה & אָזְנְ⁠ךָ֮ וּֽ⁠שֲׁמָע֒ 1 These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to listen to his prayer. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:18 jqa4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom פקח⁠ה עֵינֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 To **open your eyes** is an idiom that means to see. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:18 tlxu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet פקח⁠ה עֵינֶ֗י⁠ךָ וּ⁠רְאֵה֙ 1 These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniel’s desire for God to pay attention to his prayer. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:18 gw8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נִקְרָ֥א שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֖ 1 Here **name** represents ownership. Alternate translation: “is your city” or “belongs to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:19 y5zw אַל־תְּאַחַ֑ר 1 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “act quickly”
9:20 n3ma עַמִּ֣⁠י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Alternate translation: “the people of Israel to whom I belong”
9:21 tmu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠הָ⁠אִ֣ישׁ גַּבְרִיאֵ֡ל 1 This is the same angel **Gabriel** who appeared in the form of a **man** in [Daniel 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Gabriel, who appeared as a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9:21 m9dw בֶ⁠חָז֤וֹן בַּ⁠תְּחִלָּה֙ 1 This may refer to the first **vision** that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate translation: “in the previous vision” or “in the vision I saw before” or “in a vision before”
9:21 ud8s מֻעָ֣ף בִּ⁠יעָ֔ף נֹגֵ֣עַ אֵלַ֔⁠י 1 Alternate translation: “flew down to me quickly”
9:21 i2as כְּ⁠עֵ֖ת מִנְחַת־עָֽרֶב 1 The Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down.
9:22 i4uk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet לְ⁠הַשְׂכִּילְ⁠ךָ֥ בִינָֽה 1 The words **insight** and **understanding** mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:23 bj8w יָצָ֣א דָבָ֗ר 1 Alternate translation: “God gave the order”
9:23 ke8t וּ⁠בִין֙ בַּ⁠דָּבָ֔ר 1 Alternate translation: “Therefore think about this message”
9:23 dn8d בַּ⁠מַּרְאֶֽה 1 This refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md).
9:24 tn7g שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים נֶחְתַּ֥ךְ עַֽל־עַמְּ⁠ךָ֣ ׀ וְ⁠עַל־עִ֣יר קָדְשֶׁ֗⁠ךָ 1 God decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city.
9:24 x7sx שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים 1 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “Seventy times seven years”
9:24 vmn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you עַמְּ⁠ךָ֣ ׀ וְ⁠עַל־עִ֣יר קָדְשֶׁ֗⁠ךָ 1 The word **your** here refers to Daniel. The **people** are the Israelites and the **holy city** is Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
9:24 v75s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לְ⁠כַלֵּ֨א הַ⁠פֶּ֜שַׁע ו⁠ל⁠חתם חטאות 1 The idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9:24 dt4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠לַ⁠חְתֹּם֙ חָז֣וֹן וְ⁠נָבִ֔יא 1 Here **seal up** is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: “to accomplish vision and prophesy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:24 z31h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet חָז֣וֹן וְ⁠נָבִ֔יא 1 These words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiah’s vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:25 z58t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְ⁠תֵדַ֨ע וְ⁠תַשְׂכֵּ֜ל 1 These words are used together to make the importance clear. Alternate translation: “You must clearly understand” or “You must know for sure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:25 cc6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction מָשִׁ֣יחַ 1 Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
9:25 hg9s שָׁבֻעִ֖ים שִׁבְעָ֑ה וְ⁠שָׁבֻעִ֞ים שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּ⁠שְׁנַ֗יִם 1 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “there will be seven times seven years and sixty-two times seven years”
9:25 mg6r שָׁבֻעִ֖ים שִׁבְעָ֑ה וְ⁠שָׁבֻעִ֞ים שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּ⁠שְׁנַ֗יִם 1 These numbers added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24.
9:25 tg7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ⁠נִבְנְתָה֙ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will rebuild Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:25 gs6w וְ⁠חָר֔וּץ 1 A **moat** was a deep ditch around a city or building to protect it, usually with water in it.
9:25 q3nq וּ⁠בְ⁠צ֖וֹק הָ⁠עִתִּֽים 1 Alternate translation: “but in a time of great trouble”
9:26 t9v5 הַ⁠שָּׁבֻעִים֙ שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּ⁠שְׁנַ֔יִם 1 This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. See how you translated this number in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “sixty-two times seven”
9:26 pru6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִכָּרֵ֥ת מָשִׁ֖יחַ וְ⁠אֵ֣ין ל֑⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will destroy the anointed one and he will have nothing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:26 nzv4 מָשִׁ֖יחַ 1 Anointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses”
9:26 bn3z נָגִ֤יד הַ⁠בָּא֙ 1 This is a foreign ruler, not “the anointed one.” Alternate translation: “of a foreign ruler who will come” or “of a powerful ruler who will come”
9:26 hpa8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠קִצּ֣⁠וֹ בַ⁠שֶּׁ֔טֶף 1 The army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a **flood** destroys things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:26 ite5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נֶחֱרֶ֖צֶת שֹׁמֵמֽוֹת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary” or “God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:27 a45k וְ⁠הִגְבִּ֥יר & יַשְׁבִּ֣ית 1 Here **He** and **he** refer to the coming ruler who will destroy the anointed one.
9:27 zqk4 שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד וַ⁠חֲצִ֨י הַ⁠שָּׁב֜וּעַ 1 Here **seven** is used to refer to a period of seven years. Alternate translation: “for seven years. Halfway through the seven years”
9:27 rr1b יַשְׁבִּ֣ית 1 Alternate translation: “he will stop” or “he will halt”
9:27 jsh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet זֶ֣בַח וּ⁠מִנְחָ֗ה 1 These words basically mean the same thing. The repetition is to show that the ruler will prevent all types of sacrifices. Alternate translation: “all forms of sacrificing” or “every type of offering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9:27 e962 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כְּנַ֤ף שִׁקּוּצִים֙ 1 This may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called **abominations** because they are full of idols. Alternate translation: “the walls of the temple that are full of abominations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9:27 l267 מְשֹׁמֵ֔ם 1 Alternate translation: “will come a person who completely destroys”
9:27 i8lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כָּלָה֙ וְ⁠נֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה תִּתַּ֖ךְ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has poured out completely all the destruction that he decreed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9:27 e203 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּלָה֙ וְ⁠נֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה תִּתַּ֖ךְ 1 Here “pouring out" is an idiom for bringing **destruction** upon this person. Alternate translation: “God has decreed that he will bring about the complete destruction that he has decreed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9:27 t53m שֹׁמֵֽם 1 Alternate translation: “the person who caused the destruction”
10:intro rcw2 0 # Daniel 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
10:1 if3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the third year of Cyrus king of Persia 0 “year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king of Persia” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
10:1 mci4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a message was revealed to Daniel 0 This can also be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God revealed a message to Daniel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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