From 1dc734c1b67021364d00a0cd49701f0081f4c126 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benjamin Wright Date: Wed, 31 May 2023 21:09:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Merge deferredreward-tc-create-1 into master by deferredreward (#3302) --- tn_PSA.tsv | 13 ++++++------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/tn_PSA.tsv b/tn_PSA.tsv index 7ad0a1e6cf..b0326181b4 100644 --- a/tn_PSA.tsv +++ b/tn_PSA.tsv @@ -51,17 +51,17 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio 2:9 c2xt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry כִּ⁠כְלִ֖י יוֹצֵ֣ר תְּנַפְּצֵֽ⁠ם 1 Using a simile in the second clause is a way to intensify the statement in biblical poetry. Use a method in your language’s poetic forms to intensify the second clause if possible. Alternate translation: “more than that, you will smash them to pieces like a jar of a potter” 2:9 ggd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כִּ⁠כְלִ֖י יוֹצֵ֣ר 1 A **potter** is a person who makes clay pots and jars. These are fragile and can be broken easily. If your readers would not be familiar with this, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “like a clay jar” 2:10 j2nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הִ֝וָּסְר֗וּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “listen to this warning” -2:11 yfoo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠יִרְאָ֑ה וְ֝⁠גִ֗ילוּ בִּ⁠רְעָדָֽה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **fear** and **rejoice**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “fearfully and joyfully tremble” +2:11 yfoo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠יִרְאָ֑ה וְ֝⁠גִ֗ילוּ בִּ⁠רְעָדָֽה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **fear** and **rejoice**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “fearfully, and joyfully tremble” 2:12 w4m8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction נַשְּׁקוּ־בַ֡ר 1 To **kiss the son** is a symbolic action showing loyalty and pledged obedience. If this would not be clear to your readers, you can explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. People would show their king that they were loyal to him by kissing him, perhaps on the feet. Alternate translation: “Show the son that you are truly loyal to him” or “Bow down humbly before his son” -2:12 v3bs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠תֹ֬אבְדוּ דֶ֗רֶךְ 1 The implication is that the **son** will kill **you**. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he kill you in the way” +2:12 v3bs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠תֹ֬אבְדוּ דֶ֗רֶךְ 1 The implication is that the **son** will kill **you** if you do not **kiss** him. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he kill you in the way” 2:12 l654 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כִּֽי־יִבְעַ֣ר כִּ⁠מְעַ֣ט אַפּ֑⁠וֹ 1 The anger of the **son** is spoken of as if it were a fire that could burn. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when he suddenly becomes very angry” 2:12 ty9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַ֝שְׁרֵ֗י כָּל־ח֥וֹסֵי בֽ⁠וֹ 1 The protection that submitting to the **son** provides is spoken of as if the son himself were a safe place (**refuge**) within which people could be protected. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Everyone who asks the king to protect them is happy” -3:intro py7j 0 # Psalm 3 General Notes\n\n## Type of Psalm\n\nPsalm 3 is a psalm of lament. It is a morning song intended to be sung in the temple accompanied by musical instruments during morning worship. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n\n## Outline:\n- verse 1–2 Foes “rising” against psalmist\n- verse 3–4 Trust expressed to Yahweh (on his holy hill, see [Psalm 2:6](../02/06.md))\n- verses 5–6 Trust in Yahweh proclaimed\n- verses 7–8 Help petitioned from Yahweh (“rising” and saving refer back to verse 1–2)\n\nSee 2 Samuel 15–18 for the story of David fleeing from Absalom.\n\n\n## Poetic Elements (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]):\n- The psalm divides into four sections that are nearly the same length (14 words / 14 words / 14 words / 15 words).\n- “Rising” and “salvation” are repeated between verses 2–3 and verses 8–9 in a negative and then positive way. This emphasizes that the author’s problems have been completely solved by Yahweh.\n- The second and third sections share similar beginnings; both begin with an independent personal pronoun (verse 3a: "you;" verse 5a: "I"). "You" (=Yahweh) is the topic of the second section (verses 3–4), and "I" (=David) is the topic of the third section (verses 5–6).\n- The first section (verses 1–2) and the two middle sections (verses 3–6) are connected by the ideas of “many/multitudes ... against me.”\n\n\n## Figurative language:\n\n\n- Yahweh is pictured as a shield.\n- Safety is pictured as sleeping.\n- Yahweh’s salvation from enemies is pictured in violent graphic language.\n- Wicked people’s power is represented by their teeth.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n- **Selah**: This psalm contains the first instances of the Hebrew word **Selah**. Refer to the introduction to Psalms for more information.\n\n- Superscriptions : This psalm is the first instance which starts with an superscription. Refer to the introduction to Psalms for more information. +3:intro py7j 0 # Psalm 3 General Notes\n\n## About the Psalm\n\n**Purpose:** to pray for salvation from enemies.\n**Content:** Yahweh, save me! My enemies are many, but you are my defense.\n**Message:** “Salvation is of Yahweh” ([3:8](../03/08.md))\n\n\n## Outline:\n- verse 1–2 Foes “rising” against psalmist\n- verse 3–4 Trust expressed to Yahweh (on his holy hill, see [Psalm 2:6](../02/06.md))\n- verses 5–6 Trust in Yahweh proclaimed\n- verses 7–8 Help petitioned from Yahweh (“rising” and saving refer back to verse 1–2)\n\nSee 2 Samuel 15–18 for the story of David fleeing from Absalom.\n\n\n## Poetic Elements (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]):\n- The psalm divides into four sections that are nearly the same length (14 words / 14 words / 14 words / 15 words).\n- “Rising” and “salvation” are repeated between verses 2–3 and verses 8–9 in a negative and then positive way. This emphasizes that the author’s problems have been completely solved by Yahweh.\n- The second and third sections share similar beginnings; both begin with an independent personal pronoun (verse 3a: "you;" verse 5a: "I"). "You" (=Yahweh) is the topic of the second section (verses 3–4), and "I" (=David) is the topic of the third section (verses 5–6).\n- The first section (verses 1–2) and the two middle sections (verses 3–6) are connected by the ideas of “many/multitudes ... against me.”\n\n\n## Figurative language:\n\n\n- Yahweh is pictured as a shield.\n- Safety is pictured as sleeping.\n- Yahweh’s salvation from enemies is pictured in violent graphic language.\n- Wicked people’s power is represented by their teeth.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n- **Selah**: This psalm contains the first instances of the Hebrew word **Selah**. Refer to the introduction to Psalms for more information.\n\n- Superscriptions : This psalm is the first instance which starts with an superscription. Refer to the introduction to Psalms for more information. 3:front g1yb לְ⁠דָוִ֑ד 1 This could mean: (1) David wrote the psalm or (2) the psalm is about David or (3) the psalm is in the style of David’s psalms. 3:1 xp7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations יְ֭הוָה מָֽה־רַבּ֣וּ צָרָ֑⁠י 1 The word **how** marks this as an exclamation that is emphasizing to Yahweh by an emotional outburst how very desperate the author’s situation is. Use an exclamation that would communicate that meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “Oh Yahweh, I have so many enemies!” 3:1 cj3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom קָמִ֥ים עָלָֽ⁠י 1 Here, **risers against me** is an idiom that means “people who rebel against me” or “people who wish to fight me.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Those getting in my face” or “Those who rebel against me” 3:2 lhxm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֵ֤ין יְֽשׁוּעָ֓תָ⁠ה לּ֬⁠וֹ בֵֽ⁠אלֹהִ֬ים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **salvation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Surely God will not save him” -3:2 oya5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate סֶֽלָה 1 This is the first instance of the Hebrew word **Selah**, the meaning of which is unknown. The Septuagint translates the term as διάψαλμα (diapsalma) “musical interlude.” Your translation team should decide if you will (1) transliterate **Selah** or (2) omit **Selah** or (3) follow the Septuagint and translate something like “pause” into your language. +3:2 oya5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate סֶֽלָה 1 This is the first instance of the Hebrew word **Selah**, the meaning of which is unknown. The Septuagint translates the term as διάψαλμα (diapsalma), meaning “musical interlude.” Your translation team should decide if you will (1) transliterate **Selah** or (2) omit **Selah** or (3) follow the Septuagint and translate something like “pause” into your language. 3:3 mj2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מָגֵ֣ן בַּעֲדִ֑⁠י 1 Here, **shield** represents protection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you, Yahweh, protect me like a shield” 3:3 llc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כְּ֝בוֹדִ֗⁠י 1 Because **Yahweh** is the actor in all the other actions in this verse, calling **Yahweh** his **glory** probably means that **Yahweh** gives the author **glory** or honor. Since the author has just spoken about his enemies and Yahweh being his protector, he probably means that Yahweh gives him glory by giving him victory over his enemies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are the one who gives me glory” or “you are the one who gives me victory” 3:3 hj6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּ⁠מֵרִ֥ים רֹאשִֽׁ⁠י 1 Lifting the author’s **head** could mean (1) giving him courage or (2) giving him victory over his enemies or (3) restoring him to being king of Israel (given the context of David fleeing from his son’s usurping). If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the one who encourages me” or “and the one who lifts me over my enemies” or “and the one who lifts me to the throne” @@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio 4:1 zjj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י צִדְקִ֗⁠י 1 Here the possessive could mean: (1) “my righteous God,” or (2) “God who vindicates me.” Both options are grammatically possible, and both fit the context well. The following relative clause (verse 2b), which highlights God’s past faithfulness, may suggest that it is God’s righteousness that is in view (hence the UST rendering). You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. 4:1 q28k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י צִדְקִ֗⁠י\n 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **righteousness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “my God, the righteous one” 4:1 k7md rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בַּ֭⁠צָּר 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **distress**, you could express the same idea in another way. The original word is related to narrowness. Alternate translation: “in trouble” or “when I am oppressed” -4:1 f3xk חָ֝נֵּ֗⁠נִי 1 Alternate translation: “be gracious to”\r 4:2 r39v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּנֵ֥י אִ֡ישׁ\r 1 **Son of man** could refer to: (1) the mortality and finitude of his enemies (as opposed to God’s eternal infinitude), (2) important or wealthy men, (3) the fact that the author is now addressing people rather than God. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “You men” 4:2 p3x5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַד־מֶ֬ה כְבוֹדִ֣⁠י לִ֭⁠כְלִמָּה תֶּאֱהָב֣וּ⁠ן רִ֑יק תְּבַקְשׁ֖וּ כָזָ֣ב\n 1 The author is using the question form to rebuke his enemies. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these three questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: “stop calling glory shame! Stop loving futility! Stop seeking falsehood!” 4:2 vy7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כְבוֹדִ֣⁠י לִ֭⁠כְלִמָּה\r 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **glory** and **shame**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “you consider my glorious deeds as shameful deeds” @@ -105,10 +104,10 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio 5:1 xts1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַאֲזִ֥ינָ⁠ה 1 Here, **give ear** is an idiom that means “listen.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “pay attention” 5:2 rui6 מַלְכִּ֥⁠י וֵ⁠אלֹהָ֑⁠י 1 The author is not referring to two people; both of these terms refer to Yahweh. 5:2-3 svyb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry לְ⁠ק֬וֹל & קוֹלִ֑⁠י 1 The words translated as **sound** and **voice** are the same in the original. If your language has a word that could be the same in both places, you could consider using it to follow the poetic parallel of the original. -5:1,5:3,5:8,5:12 sbh4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry יְהוָ֗ה & יְֽהוָ֗ה & יְהוָ֤ה & יְהוָ֑ה 1 The direct address to **Yahweh** in each of these verses marks the start of a new section of the psalm. If your language marks section beginnings in poetry in a certain way, you may wish to use them at the beginning of these verses. +5:1,5:3,5:8, 5:12 sbh4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry יְהוָ֗ה & יְֽהוָ֗ה & יְהוָ֤ה & יְהוָ֑ה 1 The direct address to **Yahweh** in each of these verses marks the start of a new section of the psalm. If your language marks section beginnings in poetry in a certain way, you may wish to use them at the beginning of these verses. 5:3 i42x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶֽעֱרָךְ־לְ֝⁠ךָ֗ וַ⁠אֲצַפֶּֽה 1 This could mean: (1) the author prepares his argument or legal case for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I prepare my case for you and watch for your judgment.” (2) the author prepares to be rescued by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I prepare to be rescued by you and wait for you.” You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. 5:4 rk6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רֶ֥שַׁע 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wickedness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “wicked deeds” -5:5 tnqo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הֽ֭וֹלְלִים לְ⁠נֶ֣גֶד עֵינֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **stand in front of your eyes** is an idiom that means “come near you,” which implies worshiping Yahweh. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “draw near to you” or “be allowed to offer pleasing worship to you” +5:5 tnqo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹֽא־יִתְיַצְּב֣וּ הֽ֭וֹלְלִים לְ⁠נֶ֣גֶד עֵינֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **stand in front of your eyes** is an idiom that means “come near you,” which implies worshiping Yahweh. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The arrogant will not be allowed to draw near to you” or “be allowed to offer pleasing worship to you” 5:5 ysn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns פֹּ֥עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **iniquity**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “who trouble others” 5:6 qjt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אִישׁ־דָּמִ֥ים וּ⁠מִרְמָ֗ה יְתָ֘עֵ֥ב ׀ יְהוָֽה 1 The author is speaking about Yahweh in the third person. If changing between second and third person like this would not be natural in your language, you could continue the second person form. Alternate translation: “the man of blood and deceit you, Yahweh, abhor” 5:7 d90h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַ⁠אֲנִ֗י 1 Here the author mentions himself explicitly to make a contrast between himself and the wicked people he’s been talking about. Draw attention to this contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I, on the other hand” or “In contrast, I”