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@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:15 ip06 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑⁠וֹ 1 The phrase **city of his strength** is an idiom that refers to a **city** with walls that protect the people inside the **city**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is a walled city” or “is a city with strong walls”
10:15 fd3s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קִרְיַ֣ת עֻזּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to **wealth** enabling its owners to be safe as if it were a strong **city**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is his protection”
10:15 izlm rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast מְחִתַּ֖ת דַּלִּ֣ים רֵישָֽׁ⁠ם 1 This clause is a strong contrast with the previous clause. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by contrast, the ruin of lowly ones is their poverty”\n
10:15 wgyj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דַּלִּ֣ים 1 The phrase **lowly ones** refers to poor people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “people who are poor”
10:15 wgyj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּלִּ֣ים 1 The phrase **lowly ones** refers to poor people as if they were located in a place that is lower than that of people who are not poor. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people who are poor”
10:15 xiq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רֵישָֽׁ⁠ם 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **poverty** in [6:11](../06/11.md).
10:16 im19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְּעֻלַּ֣ת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the reward that **the righteous one** receives as if it were a **wage**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The reward for”
10:16 rya2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֣יק & רָשָׁ֣ע 1 The phrases **the righteous one** and **the wicked one** represent types of people in general, not one particular **righteous one** or **wicked one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any righteous person … any wicked person”
@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:32 bx51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָצ֑וֹן 1 See how you translated **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
10:32 scfp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but the mouth of the wicked ones knows perverse things” or “but the mouth of the wicked ones expresses perverse things”
10:32 ay8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [10:6](../10/06.md).
11:intro uk6v 0 # Proverbs 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [11:7](../11/07.md), [10](../11/10.md), [22](../11/22.md), [25](../11/25.md), and [11:29–31](../11/29.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
11:intro uk6v 0 # Proverbs 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 11 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [11:7](../11/07.md), [10](../11/10.md), [22](../11/22.md), [25](../11/25.md), and [11:29–31](../11/29.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
11:1 nux3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מֹאזְנֵ֣י & וְ⁠אֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה 1 Solomon does not mean that **Yahweh** actually hates these **Scales** or has **delight** in this **whole stone**. Rather, he means that **Yahweh** hates people using these **Scales** and has **delight** in people using **a whole stone**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The use of scales of … but the use of a whole stone”
11:1 wl8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה 1 **Scales** describes an instrument for determining the weight of an object or comparing the weight of two objects. It consists of a central post with a crossbar from which two pans are hung. An object may be placed in one pan and known weights placed in the other pan until the crossbar remains level, meaning that both pans contain an equal weight. Or one object may be placed in one pan and a different object in the other pan; the pan that hangs lower contains the heavier object. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of weighing instrument, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “a balancing scale of deceit” or “a weighing instrument of deceit”\n
11:1 qsoh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **Scales** that are used for **deceit**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Scales used to deceive people” or “Scales people use to deceive others”
@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
11:31 leti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will repay”
11:31 x6ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם 1 Here, Solomon refers to people receiving what they deserve for their actions as if they were being **repaid** for what they have done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will receive what is due to them”
11:31 wlsw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־רָשָׁ֥ע וְ⁠חוֹטֵֽא 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “how much more will a wicked one and a sinner be repaid”
12:intro x2lg 0 # Proverbs 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 12 continues the section of the book which Solomon wrote and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [12:7](../12/07.md), [14](../12/14.md), [28](../12/28.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
12:intro x2lg 0 # Proverbs 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 12 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [12:7](../12/07.md), [14](../12/14.md), [28](../12/28.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
12:1 ktr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֭וּסָר & דָּ֑עַת & תוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **correction** in [3:11](../03/11.md), **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md), and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
12:2 rz0a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun ט֗וֹב 1 **A good one** here does not refer to a specific person, but refers to this type of person in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Any good person”\n
12:2 b11m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָ֭צוֹן 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
@ -1455,7 +1455,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
12:28 y24r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon uses the possessive form to indicate that **the way** is **the beaten path**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the way that is the beaten path”
12:28 h4sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ נְתִיבָ֣ה 1 Here, **the way of the beaten path** refers to **the path of righteousness** in the previous clause. Solomon refers to living righteously as if one were walking on a **beaten path** that is safe because it was made well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and living righteously”
12:28 d3it rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־מָֽוֶת 1 Here, **no death** could refer to: (1) a person not dying earlier than expected, which is the opposite way of saying the same idea used for **life** in the previous clause. Alternate translation: “is not dying early” (2) a person having immortality. Alternate translation: “is immortality”
13:intro nh7k 0 # Proverbs 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 13 continues the section of the book which Solomon wrote and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [13:14](../13/14.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
13:intro nh7k 0 # Proverbs 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 13 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [13:14](../13/14.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
13:1 ugs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם מ֣וּסַר אָ֑ב 1 Solomon is leaving a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “A wise son listens to the instruction of a father”
13:1 au6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֣וּסַר & גְּעָרָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **instruction** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
13:1 uwpq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָ֑ב 1 Here, **father** refers to the **father** of the **son** mentioned earlier in the clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “his father”
@ -1557,70 +1557,146 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
13:25 a593 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּ֗יק & נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 **A righteous one** and**his** here do not refer to specific people, but refer to a type of person in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Any righteous one … that person’s appetite”
13:25 wby5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וּ⁠בֶ֖טֶן 1 The word **stomach** represents stomachs in general, not one particular **stomach**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “but the stomachs of”
13:25 azl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בֶ֖טֶן רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֶּחְסָֽר 1 Here, Solomon refers to **the wicked ones** always being hungry as if their stomachs **lack**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the wicked ones can never eat enough” or “but the hunger of the wicked ones is never satisfied”
14:intro gbj2 0 # Proverbs 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
14:1 r3rp builds her house 0 Alternate translation: “builds up her house” or “makes her house better”
14:1 tv3l house 0 This could mean: (1) this may refer to her actual house, that is the building she lives in or (2) this may refer to her family.
14:1 l2y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche with her own hands 0 The woman is represented by her “hands.” Alternate translation: “by herself” or “by the way she behaves”
14:2 qgn4 The one who … the one who 0 Alternate translation: “The person who … the person who”
14:2 qnc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walks uprightly 0 “Walks” represents the conduct of life. Alternate translation: “conducts his life in a just and honest way”
14:2 we9s despises him 0 Alternate translation: “grossly disrespects him” or “shows that he hates him”
14:2 c17i in his ways despises him 0 The word “his” refers to the dishonest man and “him” refers to Yahweh.
14:3 a16n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the mouth of … the lips of 0 The mouth and the lips both refer to what a person says.
14:3 ixb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a rod for his back 0 The rod with which people will punish the fool by hitting him on his back for his foolish words is a metonym for the words that come out of his mouth. Alternate translation: “words that will cause people to punish him”
14:3 c2ir the wise 0 This word is plural. “wise men” or “wise people”
14:3 gru7 will preserve them 0 Alternate translation: “will keep them from harm” or “will keep them safe”
14:4 w12s the feeding trough 0 A “trough” is a container in which you put the food for animals.
14:4 e3k8 an abundant crop 0 Alternate translation: “a good harvest”
14:4 diy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by the strength of an ox 0 “Strength” represents the strong work an ox can do. Alternate translation: “because of the work an ox does”
14:5 j6d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom breathes out lies 0 This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying easily. Alternate translation: “easily lies” See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md).
14:6 wm35 and there is none 0 Alternate translation: “and wisdom is not there” or “but he will not find wisdom”
14:6 ek6h comes easy to 0 Alternate translation: “is easily found by” or “acquires without difficulty”
14:6 xv2j the one who is discerning 0 Alternate translation: “the one who is wise” or “a person who has understanding”
14:7 ud4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy on his lips 0 The word “lips” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “from his speech” or “with his comments”
14:8 e2qn the prudent 0 a person who has good judgment or sense
14:8 vp9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his own way 0 The word “way” represents the conduct of life of a person. Alternate translation: “his conduct” or “how he lives”
14:8 vug2 the folly of fools is deception 0 The foolishness of fools is that they think they are wise, when they are not.
14:9 t24p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive but among the upright favor is shared 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the upright enjoy favor together” or “but God’s favor is experienced together among the upright”
14:10 xxe9 its own bitterness 0 Alternate translation: “its own sorrow” or “its own sadness”
14:10 y94d no stranger 0 Alternate translation: “those who do not know him”
14:11 c5yp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the tent 0 The word “tent” represents everything that happens within it. Alternate translation: “the household”
14:11 d165 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor flourish 0 The word “flourish” means vigorous blooming of flowers and so represents anything that grows strongly. Alternate translation: “to do well and last long” or “to be healthy” or “to be very successful”
14:12 y8gw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor There is a way that seems right to a man 0 The word “way” represents the conduct of life a person follows. Alternate translation: “People think that the way they are living is the right way”
14:13 j3ih be in pain 0 Alternate translation: “experience pain” or “hurt”
14:14 a8j9 The one who 0 Alternate translation: “The person who”
14:14 c5in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what his ways deserve 0 The word “ways” represents a person’s conduct of life. Alternate translation: “what he deserves, based on how he lived”
14:14 qe8k what is his 0 Alternate translation: “what belongs to him” or “what he has a right to”
14:15 i558 naive 0 inexperienced or immature
14:15 h73m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor his steps 0 Here the idea of footsteps represents a person’s behavior. Alternate translation: “his actions”
14:16 z79v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor turns away from evil 0 Here evil is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “avoids doing evil”
14:18 j5kv naive 0 inexperienced or immature
14:18 c2ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy inherit foolishness 0 Here “inherit” represents having permanent possession of something.
14:18 aj35 folly 0 The word “folly” is an abstract noun that represents foolish thinking and foolish actions.
14:18 rq9a prudent people 0 Alternate translation: “wise people”
14:18 spn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor are crowned with knowledge 0 Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were a beautiful ornament worn on one’s head, such as a turban with jewels. Alternate translation: “wear knowledge as a turban”
14:19 b4i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction bow down 0 This means to bend over to humbly express respect and submission toward someone.
14:19 e892 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy at the gates of the righteous 0 The word “gates” represents an entrance to meet with another. This means the wicked will have to wait for the righteous person and beg to enter his presence. Alternate translation: “to meet with the righteous person”
14:20 h5ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The poor person is hated even by his own companions 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Everyone hates the poor person even his own neighbors”
14:21 fy3m The one … the one 0 Alternate translation: “The person … the person”
14:21 d4gp the poor 0 Alternate translation: “poor people”
14:22 m1cw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do not those who plot evil go astray? 0 The assumed answer to this question is “yes.” Alternate translation: “Those who plot evil will go astray.”
14:22 ie8f who plot evil 0 Alternate translation: “who make evil plans” or “who make plans to do evil things”
14:22 mmn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns those who plan to do good will receive covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness 0 The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “God will show himself to be trustworthy and faithful to his covenant to those who plan to do what is good”
14:23 k11f but when there is only talk 0 Alternate translation: “but if you only talk” or “but when all a person does is talking”
14:24 dc97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The crown of wise people 0 The word “crown” represents the highest achievement possible and visible to all. Alternate translation: “The reward of wise people”
14:24 u3bw the folly of fools 0 See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 14:8](../14/08.md).
14:25 wkc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom breathes out lies 0 This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying easily. See how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 6:19](../06/19.md). Alternate translation: “easily lies”
14:27 c8u2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fountain of life 0 A “fountain” is a bountiful source of water and represents here the source of life. Alternate translation: “source of life”
14:27 r5t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor from the snares of death 0 A “snare” is a sort of trap used to hunt animals and represents something tricky and dangerous that will kill. Alternate translation: “from the trap that will kill”
14:28 vxf7 the great number of his people 0 Alternate translation: “how many people he rules”
14:31 k67r The one who … the one who 0 Alternate translation: “The person who … the person who”
14:31 xhv2 the poor … the needy 0 Alternate translation: “a poor person … a needy person”
14:31 k2td shows favor to 0 Alternate translation: “is kind to” or “helps”
14:32 t8gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive is brought down by his evil actions 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “evil actions push over” or “evil actions destroy”
14:33 axk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Wisdom rests in the heart 0 The word “heart” represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate translation: “Wisdom is in the attitude”
14:33 r61l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive she lets herself be known 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “she makes sure people know her”
14:33 xi3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification she 0 The word “she” refers to wisdom.
14:35 vi56 the one who 0 Alternate translation: “the servant who”
14:intro gbj2 0 # Proverbs 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 14 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [14:7](../14/07.md), [10](../14/10.md), [13](../14/13.md), [17](../14/17.md), [26](../14/26.md), [27](../14/27.md), and [34](../14/34.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
14:1 r3rp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun חַכְמ֣וֹת נָ֭שִׁים & בֵיתָ֑⁠הּ 1 **The wisest of women** and **her** here do not refer to a specific person, but refer to a type of person in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Those women who are most wise … the houses of those women”\n
14:1 zntm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בָּנְתָ֣ה בֵיתָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a woman making her family prosper as if she were building a **house**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes her house to prosper”
14:1 hx7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵיתָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, **house** represents the family who lives in the **house**. See how you translated the same use of **house** in [3:33](../03/33.md).
14:1 dmak rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֝⁠אִוֶּ֗לֶת בְּ⁠יָדֶ֥י⁠הָ תֶהֶרְסֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 Here, **a foolish woman** and **her** do not refer to a specific person, but refer to a type of person in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “but those women who are foolish tear it down with their hands”\n
14:1 tv3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תֶהֶרְסֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a woman ruining her family as if she were tearing down a house. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “harms it”
14:1 l2y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָדֶ֥י⁠הָ 1 Here, **hands** refers to what a person does, which often involves using **hands**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by her deeds”\n
14:2 qgn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּ֭⁠יָשְׁר⁠וֹ & וּ⁠נְל֖וֹז דְּרָכָ֣י⁠ו 1 **One who walks**, **his**, and **one who is crooked** refers to types of people in general, not to any specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “The person who walks in that person’s uprightness … but any person who is crooked in that person’s ways”
14:2 qnc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּ֭⁠יָשְׁר⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone behaving in a upright manner as if that person **walks in his uprightness**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated a similar use of “walk” in [3:23](../03/23.md). Alternate translation: “One who conducts his life in an upright manner”\n
14:2 we9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠נְל֖וֹז דְּרָכָ֣י⁠ו 1 Here, Solomon uses the phrase **crooked in his ways** to refer to someone who acts deceptively. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **crooked** in [2:15](../02/15.md). Alternate translation: “but one who is deceptive”\n
14:3 ht6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּֽ⁠פִי־אֱ֭וִיל חֹ֣טֶר גַּאֲוָ֑ה 1 In this clause, Solomon refers to what **a fool** says with his **mouth** resulting in him being punished with **a rod** as if **a rod** were **in** his **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Because of what a fool says, he is punished for pride” or “A fool is punished because of the proud things he says”
14:3 ixb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession חֹ֣טֶר גַּאֲוָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **rod** that is used to punish someone for having **pride**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is a rod for punishing proud people”
14:3 c2ir rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠שִׂפְתֵ֥י 1 See how you translated the same use of **lips** in [10:21](../10/21.md).
14:3 gru7 תִּשְׁמוּרֵֽ⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “will keep them from harm” or “will keep them safe”
14:4 uqel rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֵב֣וּס בָּ֑ר 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **trough** that is characterized by **cleanness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is a clean trough”
14:4 w12s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֵב֣וּס 1 A **trough** is a container that contains food for domesticated animals, such as **cattle**. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of animal food container, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “is a container of”
14:4 rd3o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠רָב 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **abundance** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
14:4 e3k8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis בְּ⁠כֹ֣חַ שֽׁוֹר 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “is produced by the strength of an ox”\n
14:4 diy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠כֹ֣חַ שֽׁוֹר 1 Here, **strength** refers to the work **an ox** does that involves using **strength**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is by the work an ox does”
14:4 huma rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun שֽׁוֹר 1 Here, the word **ox** represents oxen in general, not one particular **ox**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression, as in the UST.
14:5 ew9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עֵ֣ד אֱ֭מוּנִים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **witness** who is characterized by **faithfulness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A faithful witness”
14:5 xtdm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר 1 See how you translated this phrase in [6:19](../06/19.md).
14:5 j6d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠יָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים 1 See how you translated **breathes out lies** in [6:19](../06/19.md).
14:6 sfgf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֣ץ & לְ⁠נָב֣וֹן 1 See how you translated **a mocker** in [9:7](../09/07.md) and **the understanding one** in [1:5](../01/05.md).
14:6 xavx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּקֶּשׁ 1 Here, people trying to be wise are described as if **wisdom** were an object that people can “seek”. See how you translated the same use of **seeks** in [11:27](../11/27.md).
14:6 mc72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חָכְמָ֣ה & וְ⁠דַ֖עַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
14:6 wm35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וָ⁠אָ֑יִן 1 Here, Solomon means that **a mocker** cannot acquire **wisdom**, not that **wisdom** does not exist. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and he finds none” or “and there is no wisdom for him”
14:6 ek6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ⁠דַ֖עַת 1 Solomon is leaving out some of a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but finding knowledge” or “but acquiring knowledge”
14:7 mvxr מִ֭⁠נֶּגֶד 1 Alternate translation: “from in front of” or “from the presence of”
14:7 vk5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְ⁠אִ֣ישׁ כְּסִ֑יל 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** who is characterized by **stupidity**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a stupid man”
14:7 vhev rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ⁠אִ֣ישׁ 1 Here, **a man** represents a type of people in general, not one particular **man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any person of”
14:7 va2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠בַל־יָ֝דַ֗עְתָּ 1 Here, Solomon refers to **you** not receiving **knowledge** from what a stupid person says as if **you** did **not know** such **knowledge**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for you will not receive”
14:7 ud4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂפְתֵי־דָֽעַת 1 Here, **lips** refers to what people say by moving their **lips**. Solomon is referring to words that express **knowledge**. See how you translated the same use of **lips** in [10:18](../10/18.md). Alternate translation: “words that express knowledge”
14:8 e2qn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חָכְמַ֣ת & וְ⁠אִוֶּ֖לֶת & מִרְמָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md), **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md), and **deceit** in [11:1](../11/01.md).
14:8 vug2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עָ֭רוּם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [12:16](../12/16.md).
14:8 vp9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּרְכּ֑⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the same use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
14:9 f44d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָשָׁ֑ם 1 Mocking **the guilt offering** implies that **Fools mock** the need for people to offer **the guilt offering** in order to ask God to forgive them for sinning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “offering guilt offerings to God for forgiveness”\n
14:9 t24p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָצֽוֹן 1 See how you translated **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
14:9 pui7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רָצֽוֹן 1 Here, Solomon implies that this **favor** is from Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “is Yahweh’s favor”
14:10 xxe9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֗ב & נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ & וּ֝⁠בְ⁠שִׂמְחָת֗⁠וֹ 1 **A heart**, **itself**, and **its** refer to the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A person … that person, and in that person’s joy”
14:10 y94d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מָרַּ֣ת & וּ֝⁠בְ⁠שִׂמְחָת֗⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **bitterness** and **joy**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “how bitter it is … and in its feeling joyful”
14:11 c5yp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֣ית & וְ⁠אֹ֖הֶל 1 In this verse, **house** and **tent** refer to the people who live in them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The household of … but the household of”
14:11 bfxk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשָּׁמֵ֑ד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will destroy” or “will become ruined”
14:11 d165 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַפְרִֽיחַ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a family prospering as if it were a plant with blooming flowers that **flourish**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will prosper”
14:12 ojy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דֶּ֣רֶךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
14:12 y8gw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִ⁠פְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ 1 Here, **before the face of** refers to what a person perceives. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “that a man perceives”
14:12 hslo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֑ישׁ 1 The word **man** represents a person in general, not one particular **man**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “a person”
14:12 e0n4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝⁠אַחֲרִיתָ֗⁠הּ 1 Here, **end** refers to a final result. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but its result”
14:12 o8df rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּרְכֵי־מָֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon uses **ways** to refer to the destiny of those people who live according to what they think is **a right way**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is the destiny of death”\n
14:12 c1cp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession דַּרְכֵי־מָֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the ways** that are **death**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is the ways that are death” or “is the destiny that is death”
14:13 j3ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בִּ⁠שְׂח֥וֹק יִכְאַב & שִׂמְחָ֣ה תוּגָֽה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **laughter**, **pain**, **joy**, and **grief**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “when laughing … may feel painful … feeling joyful may be feeling sad”
14:13 a8j9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֑ב 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [14:10](../14/10.md).
14:14 ocu0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִ⁠דְּרָכָ֣י⁠ו & ס֣וּג לֵ֑ב וּ֝⁠מֵ⁠עָלָ֗י⁠ו אִ֣ישׁ טֽוֹב 1 **The turning away of heart**, **his**, and **a good man** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “Any person turning away of heart … from that person’s ways, but any good person from that person”\n
14:14 qe8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ס֣וּג לֵ֑ב 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person who has stopped behaving righteously and is behaving wickedly as if that person’s **heart** is **turning away** from behaving righteously. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The person who stops living righteously”
14:14 hiz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִ֭שְׂבַּע 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will fill”
14:14 jxno rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִ֭שְׂבַּע 1 In this clause, the word translated **filled** implies that **the turning away of heart** will fully experience the negative consequences of **his ways**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will experience the negative consequences” or “will be repaid”
14:14 c5in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠דְּרָכָ֣י⁠ו 1 See how you translated the same use of **ways** in [3:6](../03/06.md).
14:14 tuqm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ֝⁠מֵ⁠עָלָ֗י⁠ו אִ֣ישׁ טֽוֹב 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but a good man will be filled from his ways”\n
14:15 i558 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun פֶּ֭תִי & וְ֝⁠עָר֗וּם 1 **A naive one** and **a prudent one** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural phrases. See how you translated **a prudent one** in [12:16](../12/16.md). Alternate translation: “Any naive person … but any prudent person”
14:15 nkj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דָּבָ֑ר 1 See how you translated the same use of **word** in [12:25](../12/25.md).
14:15 h73m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַ⁠אֲשֻׁרֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, **step** refers to a person’s behavior. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his behavior”
14:16 xojs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun חָכָ֣ם & וּ֝⁠כְסִ֗יל 1 See how you translated **a wise one** in [1:5](../01/05.md) and **a stupid one** in [10:18](../10/18.md).
14:16 z79v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠סָ֣ר מֵ⁠רָ֑ע 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “turn away from evil” in [3:7](../03/07.md).
14:16 jexo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠בוֹטֵֽחַ 1 Here, **confident** refers to the negative quality of being unreasonably self-confident or careless. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and is overly confident” or “and is careless”
14:17 a76z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom קְֽצַר־אַ֭פַּיִם 1 The phrase **short of nostrils** is an idiom that refers to a person who gets angry quickly. The word **nostrils** means “anger” by association with the way that a person who is angry breathes heavily through his nose, causing his **nostrils** to open wide. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If so, you could use an expression involving that part of the body in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “One who easily vents his spleen” or “One who gets angry quickly”\n
14:17 ndbc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun קְֽצַר־אַ֭פַּיִם & וְ⁠אִ֥ישׁ מְ֝זִמּ֗וֹת 1 **One short of nostrils** and **a man of schemes** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural phrases. See how you translated **a man of schemes** in [12:2](../12/02.md). Alternate translation: “Any person short of nostrils … and any person of schemes” or “Any person who gets angry quickly … and any person who schemes”
14:17 xri2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֑לֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
14:17 ib3s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠אִ֥ישׁ מְ֝זִמּ֗וֹת 1 See how you translated **a man of schemes** in [12:2](../12/02.md).
14:17 erby rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשָּׂנֵֽא 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language, as in the UST.
14:18 c2ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נָחֲל֣וּ & אִוֶּ֑לֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **Naive ones** becoming foolish as if **folly** were property or wealth that they could **inherit** from a family member. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **inherit** in [3:35](../03/35.md). Alternate translation: “become foolish”\n
14:18 aj35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֑לֶת & דָֽעַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md) and **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
14:18 spn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַכְתִּ֥רוּ דָֽעַת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of people being rewarded with **knowledge** as if **knowledge** were a **crown** they **will wear**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “will be rewarded with knowledge” or “will be rewarded with knowledge as if it were a crown they wore”\n
14:19 b4i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction שַׁח֣וּ 1 Bowing **down** is a symbolic action that shows humble respect or submission to someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain the significance of this action in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “will bow down to show respect”
14:19 mch0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י 1 Here, the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the **face** of someone who is present. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”
14:19 resy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ֝⁠רְשָׁעִ֗ים עַֽל־שַׁעֲרֵ֥י צַדִּֽיק 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and wicked ones will bow down at the gates of the righteous one”\n
14:19 e892 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַֽל־שַׁעֲרֵ֥י 1 Here, **gates** refers to the doorway of the house of **the righteous one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at the gates of the house of”
14:19 tt7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַדִּֽיק 1 See how you translated the same use of this phrase in [10:3](../10/03.md).
14:20 lsnx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ֭⁠רֵעֵ⁠הוּ & רָ֑שׁ & עָשִׁ֣יר 1 **One who is poor**, **his neighbor**, and **the rich one** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “Any person who is poor … by that person’s neighbors … any rich person”\n
14:20 h5ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive גַּם־לְ֭⁠רֵעֵ⁠הוּ יִשָּׂ֣נֵא רָ֑שׁ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “A poor person’s neighbor even hates him”
14:21 fy3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בָּז־לְ⁠רֵעֵ֥⁠הוּ חוֹטֵ֑א וּ⁠מְחוֹנֵ֖ן עניים אַשְׁרָֽי⁠ו 1 **One who sins**, **his neighbor**, **one who shows favor**, and **he** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “Any person who sins despises that person’s neighbors, but any person who shows favor to afflicted ones, happy is that person”
14:21 d4gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠מְחוֹנֵ֖ן 1 Here, **shows favor** refers to being kind to someone, not to favoring one person over another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but the one who is compassionate to”
14:22 m1cw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲֽ⁠לוֹא־יִ֭תְעוּ חֹ֣רְשֵׁי רָ֑ע 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize what he is saying. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Devisers of evil surely go astray!”
14:22 ie8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָ֑ע וְ⁠חֶ֥סֶד וֶ֝⁠אֱמֶ֗ת & טֽוֹב 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md), **covenant faithfulness** and **trustworthiness** in [3:3](../03/03.md), and **good** in [11:27](../11/27.md).
14:22 mmn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֲֽ⁠לוֹא־יִ֭תְעוּ 1 Here, Solomon uses the phrase **go astray** to refer to being deceptive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Are not … deceptive”\n
14:22 aqg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חֹ֣רְשֵׁי טֽוֹב 1 Here, **are for** indicates that **devisers of good** are those who will benefit from receiving the **covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness** of others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “benefit devisers of good”
14:23 d7ni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֶ֭צֶב & מוֹתָ֑ר & לְ⁠מַחְסֽוֹר 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns “toils” in [5:10](../05/10.md), **profit** in [3:14](../03/14.md), and **lack** in [6:11](../06/11.md).
14:23 dbn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠דְבַר־שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם 1 Here, Solomon implies that this refers to **the words of lips** without any **toil**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but the word of lips without toil” or “but the word of lips by itself”
14:23 vvln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּ⁠דְבַר־שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the word** that is spoken with **lips**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “but the word spoken by lips”
14:23 r2lz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠דְבַר 1 See how you translated the similar use of **word** in [12:25](../12/25.md).
14:23 auv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם 1 See how you translated the same use of **lips** in [10:18](../10/18.md).
14:23 a06s rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אַךְ־לְ⁠מַחְסֽוֹר 1 Here, **is only** indicates that **lack** is the result of the preceding phrase. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate result. Alternate translation: “results only in lack”\n
14:24 dc97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֲטֶ֣רֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the reward of **the wise ones** as if it were a **crown** they wear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. See how you translated the similar use of **crown** in [14:18](../14/18.md). Alternate translation: “The reward of” or “The reward that is like a crown of”\n
14:24 u3bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֖לֶת כְּסִילִ֣ים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [14:8](../14/08.md).
14:24 gr0a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִוֶּ֖לֶת & אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
14:25 xf3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עֵ֣ד אֱמֶ֑ת 1 See how you translated the same use of **A witness of** in [14:5](../14/05.md).
14:25 wkc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠יָפִ֖חַ כְּזָבִ֣ים 1 See how you translated **breathes out lies** in [6:19](../06/19.md).
14:26 f120 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּ⁠יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה מִבְטַח־עֹ֑ז 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone having **confidence** because that person has **the fear of Yahweh** as if **the fear of Yahweh** were a location in which **confidence** resided. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The fear of Yahweh is the source of the confidence of the strong one” or “The confidence of the strong one is because he has the fear of Yahweh”
14:26 tky7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּ⁠יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated **the fear of Yahweh** in [1:7](../01/07.md).
14:26 zfgw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִבְטַח 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **confidence** in [3:26](../03/26.md).
14:26 b73j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עֹ֑ז וּ֝⁠לְ⁠בָנָ֗י⁠ו יִהְיֶ֥ה 1 Here, **the strong one**, **his**, and **he** refer to a type of person in general, not to one specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “any strong person, and for that person’s sons that person will be”\n
14:26 nbdi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וּ֝⁠לְ⁠בָנָ֗י⁠ו 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, Solomon is using the word here in a generic sense that could refer to either male or female children. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “and for his children”\n
14:26 gyit rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִהְיֶ֥ה מַחְסֶֽה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person protecting **his** children as if he were **a refuge** for them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “he will provide protection” or “he will be like a refuge”
14:26 dh54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מַחְסֶֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **refuge**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “someone who protects”
14:27 n41g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:7](../01/07.md) and in the previous verse.
14:27 c8u2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְק֣וֹר חַיִּ֑ים 1 See how you translated **a fountain of life** in [10:11](../10/11.md) and [13:14](../13/14.md).
14:27 r5t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָ֝⁠ס֗וּר מִ⁠מֹּ֥קְשֵׁי מָֽוֶת 1 See how you translated the same clause in [13:14](../13/14.md).
14:28 vxf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠רָב־עָ֥ם הַדְרַת־מֶ֑לֶךְ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **abundance** and **majesty**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “An abundant amount of people is what makes a king majestic”
14:28 c3y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מֶ֑לֶךְ & רָזֽוֹן 1 Here, **a king** and **the potentate** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “any king … any potentate”
14:28 l6zi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ⁠בְ⁠אֶ֥פֶס 1 Here, **end** refers to a lack of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but with the lack of”
14:29 c6lj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם & וּ⁠קְצַר־ר֝֗וּחַ 1 **One long of nostrils** and **one short of spirit** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “Any person long of nostrils … but any person short of spirit”
14:29 xc7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם 1 The phrase **long of nostrils** is an idiom that refers to a type of person who does not get angry quickly. The word nostrils means “anger” by association with the way that a person who is angry breathes heavily through his nose, causing his nostrils to open wide. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If so, you could use an expression involving that part of the body in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “One who does not easily vent his spleen” or “One who does not get angry quickly”\n
14:29 hh4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תְּבוּנָ֑ה & אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
14:29 lf5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּ⁠קְצַר־ר֝֗וּחַ 1 The phrase **short of spirit** is an idiom that refers to a type of person who gets angry quickly. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but a short-tempered person” or “but one who gets angry quickly”
14:29 pd65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵרִ֥ים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone publicly showing **folly** as if **folly** were an object that someone **lifts up** for everyone to see. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “publicly displays” or “lets everyone observe”
14:30 o4ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לֵ֣ב מַרְפֵּ֑א 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **heart** that is characterized by **healing**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A healed heart”
14:30 e9g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵ֣ב 1 Here, Solomon uses **heart** to refer to a person’s inner being or mind. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
14:30 bdfl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְ֭שָׂרִים לֵ֣ב 1 **A heart of healing** and **the body** refer to hearts and bodies in general, not to a specific **heart** and **body**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “Any heart of … any body”
14:30 e78q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חַיֵּ֣י בְ֭שָׂרִים 1 Here, **life to the body** refers to a something being healthy for a person’s **body**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “is healthy for one’s body” or “causes one’s body to be healthy”
14:30 h3vt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠רְקַ֖ב עֲצָמ֣וֹת קִנְאָֽה 1 Solomon is saying that **envy** harms a person’s health like a disease that causes **the decay of bones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “but envy ruins a person’s health” or “but envy harms one’s health like decay in one’s bones”\n
14:30 l2al rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קִנְאָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **envy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “being envious”
14:31 k67r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עֹ֣שֵֽׁק דָּ֭ל & עֹשֵׂ֑⁠הוּ & חֹנֵ֥ן אֶבְיֽוֹן 1 **The oppressor**. **a lowly one**, **his**, **one showing favor**, and **a needy one** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “Any oppressor of any lowly person … that person’s maker … any person who shows favor to any needy person”
14:31 jij6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּ֭ל 1 The phrase **lowly one** refers to a poor person. See how you translated the same use of “lowly ones” in [10:15](../10/15.md).
14:31 xhv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹשֵׂ֑⁠הוּ 1 Here, **maker** refers to Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “God, his maker” or “his maker, who is God” or “his Maker”
14:31 u5rq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וּ֝⁠מְכַבְּד֗⁠וֹ 1 Here, **him** refers to Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but … honors Yahweh”
14:31 k2td rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חֹנֵ֥ן 1 See how you translated the same use of “shows favor to” in [14:21](../14/21.md).
14:32 kw4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בְּֽ֭⁠רָעָת⁠וֹ & רָשָׁ֑ע & בְ⁠מוֹת֣⁠וֹ צַדִּֽיק 1 Here, **his**, **the wicked one**, and **the righteous one** refer to types of people in general, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. See how you translated **the wicked one** in [3:33](../03/33.md) and **the righteous one** in [10:16](../10/16.md). Alternate translation: “By the evil of any wicked person that person … any righteous person … in that person’s death”
14:32 nxxe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּֽ֭⁠רָעָת⁠וֹ & בְ⁠מוֹת֣⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md) and **death** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
14:32 t8gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִדָּחֶ֣ה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “thrusts himself down”
14:32 b0he rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִדָּחֶ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person’s life becoming ruined or destroyed as if that person were **thrust down** on the ground. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “thrown down” in [10:8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “is destroyed”\n
14:32 yk75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠חֹסֶ֖ה & צַדִּֽיק 1 Here, Solomon refers to **refuge** as if it were an object that someone **finds**. He means that someone feels safe or protected. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the righteous one feels protected”
14:32 qhzn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְ⁠מוֹת֣⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to the time when someone dies as if **death** were a place where that person enters. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when dying”
14:33 gsbg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּ⁠לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן תָּנ֣וּחַ חָכְמָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to **the understanding one** thinking wisely as if **wisdom** were an object that **rests** inside that person’s **heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “The understanding one thinks with wisdom”
14:33 ip9w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נָ֭בוֹן 1 See how you translated **the understanding one** in [1:5](../01/05.md).
14:33 sg1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חָכְמָ֑ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
14:33 r61l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תִּוָּדֵֽעַ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will know her”
14:33 xi3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תִּוָּדֵֽעַ 1 Here, **she** refers to **wisdom** as if it were a woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “wisdom will be known”\n
14:34 ousu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צְדָקָ֥ה & וְ⁠חֶ֖סֶד & חַטָּֽאת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md), **sin** in [5:22](../05/22.md), and **shame** in [6:33](../06/33.md).
14:34 tavd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְרֽוֹמֵֽם־גּ֑וֹי 1 Here, Solomon refers to a **nation** becoming great as if it were an object that **Righteousness** **raises** up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “raised up” in [11:11](../11/11.md). Alternate translation: “makes a nation great”\n
14:35 vi56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רְֽצוֹן & מַשְׂכִּ֑יל וְ֝⁠עֶבְרָת֗⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **delight** in [8:30](../08/30.md), **insight** in [1:3](../01/03.md), and **rage** in [11:23](../11/23.md).
14:35 c522 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מֶ֭לֶךְ לְ⁠עֶ֣בֶד & וְ֝⁠עֶבְרָת֗⁠וֹ תִּהְיֶ֥ה מֵבִֽישׁ 1 Here, **a king**, **the servant**, **his**, and **one who acts shamefully** refer to types of people, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use phrases that make this clear. Alternate translation: “any king is for any servant … but any king’s rage is for any person who acts shamefully”
15:intro l872 0 # Proverbs 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 15 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
15:1 x2lh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor A gentle answer turns away wrath 0 Causing a person to stop being angry is spoken of as if it were turning that person’s wrath away. Alternate translation: “Answering a person gently will calm that person’s wrath”
15:2 w6ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The tongue of wise people compliments knowledge 0 Here the word “tongue” refers to the person who speaks. Alternate translation: “Wise people compliment knowledge when they speak”
@ -2754,3 +2830,4 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
31:31 df11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the fruit of her hands 0 The money she has earned from the work she did with wool and flax ([Proverbs 31:13](../31/13.md)) is spoken of as if it were fruit growing off a tree. The hands are a synecdoche for the person. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:16](./16.md). Alternate translation: “the money she has earned” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
31:31 ef6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let her works praise her in the gates 0 She will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those “in the gates” are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate translation: “may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done”
9:3 ugn5 her maids 0
14:2 c17i in his ways despises him The word “his” refers to the dishonest man and “him” refers to Yahweh.

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