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Update 'docs/gl_checking.rst'
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Perry J Oakes
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@ -148,84 +148,84 @@ Additional questions that can help you to evaluate if the translation has been s
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Aligning Gateway Language Translations
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======================================
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The purpose of the aligning tool in tC is to create highlighting that will appear for the MTT who will use the GL text as a source text for an OL translation. This highlighting will show the user of the GL text how that GL text represents the meaning of the original biblical language text. When the MTT uses the translationWords or translationNotes tools in tC, the aligned GL text will allow tC to highlight the word or phrase that the tC check is talking about in both the original biblical language and the GL. This will help the MTT to see how the biblical language expressed that meaning, how the GL expressed that meaning, and how he might express that same meaning in the target language.
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The purpose of the aligning tool in translationCore (tC) is to create highlighting that will appear for the OL translator who will use the GL text as a source text for an OL translation. This highlighting will show the user of the GL text how that GL text represents the meaning of the original biblical language text. When the OL translator uses the translationWords or translationNotes tools in tC, the aligned GL text will allow tC to highlight the word or phrase that the tC check is talking about in both the original biblical language and the GL. This will help the OL translator to see how the biblical language expressed that meaning, how the GL expressed that meaning, and how he might express that same meaning in the target language.
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So as you align the GL text with the original language text, your job is to match as accurately as possible the words of the GL text to the words of the original text that express the same meaning.
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The functionality of tC will increase over time, so some of these comments will need to be updated as tC changes.
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• In tC 0.8.0, Only Titus projects can be opened, and Only the Alignment tool is available.
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The functionality of tC will increase over time, so some of these comments will need to be updated as tC changes.
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• In tC 0.9.x, Only the translationWords and the Alignment tools are available.
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• No alignment data is currently exported in the Export to CSV function.
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To Begin:
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---------
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o On the project list screen, if the Select button is disabled for the desired project, click the Home icon or the Go to Tools button to launch the project.
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o On the project list screen, if the Select button is disabled for the desired project, click the Home icon or the Go to Tools button to launch the project.
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o Only the English ULT and the Greek BHP are opened by default in the scripture panel. Click on the + sign in the rightmost section of the scripture panel to add another language. Use the X and + controls in the scripture to close and open the sections to move the languages to different sections.
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General aligning instructions:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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o The GL chapters and verses are listed down the left side. When you click on a verse to open it, the words of that verse appear in a vertical list, ordered from top to bottom, just to the right of the list of chapters and verses. Each word is in a separate box.
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o The words of the original language text (Greek) for that verse are also in separate boxes in a field to the right of the GL word list. There is a space under each of the source word boxes outlined with a dotted line. Click and drag each word box of the GL text into the space under the word box of the source text that the GL word corresponds to. Drop it there. When the GL word is over a word box of the original, the dotted outline will turn blue to let you know that the word will drop there. If you make a mistake or decide that the GL word belongs somewhere else, simply drag it again to where it belongs. GL words can also be dragged back to the list.
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o The GL chapters and verses are listed down the left side. When you click on a verse to open it, the words of that verse appear in a vertical list, ordered from top to bottom, just to the right of the list of chapters and verses. Each word is in a separate box.
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o The words of the original language text (Greek) for that verse are also in separate boxes in a field to the right of the GL word list. There is a space under each of the source word boxes outlined with a dotted line. Click and drag each word box of the GL text into the space under the word box of the source text that the GL word corresponds to. Drop it there. When the GL word is over a word box of the original, the dotted outline will turn blue to let you know that the word will drop there. If you make a mistake or decide that the GL word belongs somewhere else, simply drag it again to where it belongs. GL words can also be dragged back to the list.
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o When the same GL word occurs more than once in a verse, each instance of the word will have a small superscript number after it. This number will help you to align each repeated GL word to the correct original word in the correct order.
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Merge and un-merge instructions/constraints:
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""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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o tC supports one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many alignments. That means that one or more GL words can be aligned to one or more Greek words, as necessary to get the most accurate alignment of the meaning conveyed by the two languages.
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o To align multiple GL words to a single Greek word, simple drag and drop the GL words onto the box below the desired Greek word.
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o When it is desired to align GL word(s) to a combination of Greek words, first drag one of the combination Greek words into the same box as the other Greek word. Multiple Greek words can be merged together in this fashion.
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o To un-merge previously merged Greek words, drag the rightmost Greek word slightly to the right. A small new alignment box will appear, and the un-merged word can be dropped into that box.
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o tC supports one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many alignments. That means that one or more GL words can be aligned to one or more Greek words, as necessary to get the most accurate alignment of the meaning conveyed by the two languages.
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o To align multiple GL words to a single Greek word, simple drag and drop the GL words onto the box below the desired Greek word.
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o When it is desired to align GL word(s) to a combination of Greek words, first drag one of the combination Greek words into the same box as the other Greek word. Multiple Greek words can be merged together in this fashion.
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o To un-merge previously merged Greek words, drag the rightmost Greek word slightly to the right. A small new alignment box will appear, and the un-merged word can be dropped into that box.
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o The leftmost Greek word can also be un-merged by dragging and dropping it into the Greek word box immediately to its left.
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Expected behavior when un-merging Greek words:
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""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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o Any GL words that were aligned with that Greek word return to the word list.
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o Any GL words that were aligned with that Greek word return to the word list.
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o The Greek words should remain in the proper order. If the merge contains 3 or more Greek words, un-merge the rightmost Greek word first. Un-merging the center word(s) first may result in the Greek words becoming out of order. When that happens, un-merge the remaining words in that box to properly return the Greek words to their original order.
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Drag and drop alignment instructions/constraints…(from and to the word list):
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Drag and drop alignment instructions/constraints (from and to the word list):
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"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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o Many languages use indefinite and definite articles differently than does Greek. For English, we must do the following:
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Align indefinite articles to their “head word.” For example, both “a” and “servant” should align to doulos in Titus 1:1.
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Definite articles that English supplies should also be aligned to their “head word.” For example, both “the” and “faith” should align to pistin in Titus 1:1.
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Greek definite articles that English does not use need to be combined with their Greek head word. For example, ton and logon need to be combined, then “word” aligned with that combination in Titus 1:3.
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o Implicit verbs in Greek/Hebrew that are translated explicitly in the target language should be aligned with the predicate. For example, “he should be” that is supplied in English should be aligned to philoxenon along with “hospitable” in Titus 1:8.
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o Words with apostrophes will be split and show up as 2 words in the word panel. This allows for proper alignment of the two parts of meaning. In most cases in English these are used to represent possession and will be aligned to a single Greek word in the genitive case. For example, both “God” and “s” will align to theou in Titus 1:1.
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o Often the Greek and GL part of speech won’t match. That is inevitable. Often a Greek word will be translated as a GL phrase. For example, the three words “does not lie” in English all align with the single word apseudes in Titus 1:2.
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o Many languages use indefinite and definite articles differently than does Greek. For English, we must do the following:
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Align indefinite articles to their “head word.” For example, both “a” and “servant” should align to *doulos* in Titus 1:1.
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Definite articles that English supplies should also be aligned to their “head word.” For example, both “the” and “faith” should align to *pistin* in Titus 1:1.
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Greek definite articles that English does not use need to be combined with their Greek head word. For example, *ton* and *logon* need to be combined, then “word” aligned with that combination in Titus 1:3.
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o Implicit verbs in Greek/Hebrew that are translated explicitly in the target language should be aligned with the predicate. For example, “he should be” that is supplied in English should be aligned to *philoxenon* along with “hospitable” in Titus 1:8.
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o Words with apostrophes will be split and show up as 2 words in the word panel. This allows for proper alignment of the two parts of meaning. In most cases in English these are used to represent possession and will be aligned to a single Greek word in the genitive case. For example, both “God” and “s” will align to *theou* in Titus 1:1.
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o Often the Greek and GL part of speech won’t match. That is inevitable. Often a Greek word will be translated as a GL phrase. For example, the three words “does not lie” in English all align with the single word *apseudes* in Titus 1:2.
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Alignment instructions for the ULT
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----------------------------------
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• The ULT is intended to be a fairly literal translation of the original, so that it reproduces the structure of the original language when that is also understandable in the GL. Ideally, then, there would be one GL word aligned with each Greek or Hebrew word. Of course, this is not possible, because languages work very differently from each other. Therefore, we expect that you must align words or phrases in the GL with words or phrases in the Greek or Hebrew that differ in the number of words, order of words, and parts of speech, as described above. Always, however, you should align the GL words to the Greek or Hebrew words whose meaning they express, in whatever combination is necessary to produce the most accurate alignment of the meaning.
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• After aligning a verse, there may be words in the GL text that are left over and seem to be extra. If those words are truly necessary for the GL text to make sense, then find the original word or words that they help to express and align them there. But if those words do not express a meaning found in the original text, then it may be that those words should be deleted from the GL text.
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• Sometimes, in the process of aligning a verse, you will find:
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o A Greek or Hebrew word that is not represented in the GL translation.
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o A mistake in the GL translation.
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o Words in the GL translation that do not represent anything in the original text.
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o A better or more literal way to express something in the GL translation.
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• In those cases, you will want to edit the GL translation so that it is more accurate to the original. This will be possible in tC version 0.9. Until then, the GL text will need to be edited elsewhere.
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• If you notice places where the ULT is wrong or potentially wrong, create an issue for it at https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ulb/issues and we’ll address it in the next release. In the meantime, align the text as well as possible.
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• The ULT is intended to be a fairly literal translation of the original, so that it reproduces the structure of the original language when that is also understandable in the GL. Ideally, then, there would be one GL word aligned with each Greek or Hebrew word. Of course, this is not possible, because languages work very differently from each other. Therefore, we expect that you must align words or phrases in the GL with words or phrases in the Greek or Hebrew that differ in the number of words, order of words, and parts of speech, as described above. Always, however, you should align the GL words to the Greek or Hebrew words whose meaning they express, in whatever combination is necessary to produce the most accurate alignment of the meaning.
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• After aligning a verse, there may be words in the GL text that are left over and seem to be extra. If those words are truly necessary for the GL text to make sense, then find the original word or words that they help to express and align them there. But if those words do not express a meaning found in the original text, then it may be that those words should be deleted from the GL text.
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• Sometimes, in the process of aligning a verse, you will find:
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o A Greek or Hebrew word that is not represented in the GL translation.
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o A mistake in the GL translation.
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o Words in the GL translation that do not represent anything in the original text.
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o A better or more literal way to express something in the GL translation.
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• In those cases, if you are an authorized editor using tC version 0.9.1 or above, you will want to edit the GL translation so that it is more accurate to the original.
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• If you notice places where the ULT is wrong or potentially wrong, create an issue for it at https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ult/issues and we’ll address it in the next release. In the meantime, align the text as well as possible.
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Alignment instructions for the UST
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----------------------------------
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• The UST is intended to be, above all, a clear translation. Therefore, it adds words and phrases to explain the meaning of the original for the reader. These words and phrases should be aligned with the word or words that they are explaining. For example, in Titus 1:1, the sentence, “I am a servant” must be aligned with the single word, doulos.
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• When aligning the many words of the UST that explain single words of the original, often the GL words will be so many that they will run behind the next word of the original. The words are still there, but you cannot see them. This is a problem that will be fixed in tC 0.9.
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• Be sure that the dotted outline of the word box where you want to drop the GL word turns blue before you drop it. That is the indication that tC gives you of where the word will drop. If you pay attention to this, you will avoid having the GL word drop in the wrong place, such as to the string of words that may be running behind that word.
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• Sometimes, for the sake of clarity, the GL of the UST will repeat things that are only mentioned once in the original. This often happens with subjects or objects of sentences. For example, in Titus 2:9 the English UST refers to “their masters” twice, although the Greek only has idiois despotais once. In these cases, You should align each occurrence of the repeated reference with the same Greek words, so that the highlighting will show that each of these represents the meaning conveyed by those same words of the original.
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• The UST is intended to be, above all, a clear translation. Therefore, it adds words and phrases to explain the meaning of the original for the reader. These words and phrases should be aligned with the word or words that they are explaining. For example, in Titus 1:1, the sentence, “I am a servant” must be aligned with the single word, *doulos*.
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• Be sure that the dotted outline of the word box where you want to drop the GL word turns blue before you drop it. That is the indication that tC gives you of where the word will drop. If you pay attention to this, you will avoid having the GL word drop in the wrong place.
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• Sometimes, for the sake of clarity, the GL of the UST will repeat things that are only mentioned once in the original. This often happens with subjects or objects of sentences. For example, in Titus 2:9 the English UST refers to “their masters” twice, although the Greek only has *idiois despotais* once. In these cases, You should align each occurrence of the repeated reference with the same Greek words, so that the highlighting will show that each of these represents the meaning conveyed by those same words of the original.
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• Some of the words and sentences of the UST do not directly represent the meaning of the original words. This is information that is only implied by the original words, but included in the UST because it is necessary for understanding the meaning of the original. For example, in Titus 1:1, the sentence, “I, Paul, write this letter to you, Titus” includes information that is not there in the original words, such as the fact that what the reader is about to read is a letter, and that it is written to someone named Titus. This information, however, makes the text more clear and understandable. For the aligning, then, all of this explanation must be aligned with the single word that it is explaining, Paulos.
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• If you notice places where the UST is wrong or potentially wrong, create an issue for it at https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_udb/issues and we’ll address it in the next release. In the meantime, align the text as well as possible.
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• If you notice places where the UST is wrong or potentially wrong, create an issue for it at https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ust/issues and we’ll address it in the next release. In the meantime, align the text as well as possible.
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Alignment Anomalies
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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In tC 0.8.0:
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In tC 0.9.0:
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""""""""""""
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• Under certain circumstances both the GL and Greek words can get merged in the wrong order. Un-merge all of those words and re-merge them to correct the problem.
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• Under certain circumstances words that get returned to the word list due to the un-merging of Greek words do not get placed in the project sequence in the word list.
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• We are unsure about the accuracy of the tokenization of the Hindi ULT
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• If a GL word is accidentally dropped while it is still in the word list frame, both it and the word list get hidden. Click in the word list area to make them visible again.
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• When moving from verse to verse, the target area is not automatically scrolled to the top. There may be Greek words hidden behind the scripture pane. Manually scroll to the top when that situation occurs.
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