Edit 'tn_GAL.tsv' using 'tc-create-app'

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kiranjagdhane17 2023-09-26 17:03:32 +00:00
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@ -316,11 +316,111 @@ front:intro i6u9 0 # गलतीकरांस पत्राचा पर
6:14 s9lx κόσμος 1
6:15 exj8 τὶ ἐστιν 1
6:15 n6n7 καινὴ κτίσις 1 येथे, **नवीन निर्मिती** हा शब्द संपूर्ण प्रक्रियेचा संदर्भ देते जेव्हा कोणी येशूवर विश्वास ठेवतो आणि पवित्र आत्मा त्या व्यक्तीला नवीन जीवन देतो. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही अर्थ स्पष्टपणे व्यक्त करू शकता. [2 करिंथ 5:17](../../2co/05/17.md). मध्ये **नवीन निर्मिती** हे वाक्य कसे भाषांतरित केली आहे ते पाहा. वैकल्पिक अनुवाद: “पवित्र आत्मा एखाद्याला नवीन जीवन देतो”
6:16 b4al εἰρήνη ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἔλεος, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 This could refer to: (1) Jews who believe in Jesus, in which case **and** functions as it usually does to connect two things. Alternate translation: “and upon the Jewish believers of God” (2) everyone who believes in Jesus, in which case **and** indicates that **them** refers to the same group of people as **the Israel of God**. Alternate translation: “that is, upon Gods people
6:16 b4al εἰρήνη ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἔλεος, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 याचा संदर्भ असू शकतो: (1) येशूवर विश्वास ठेवणारे यहूदी, अशा परिस्थितीत **आणि** हा शब्द जसे सहसा दोन गोष्टी जोडण्यासाठी कार्य करतो तसे करत आहे. पर्यायी अनुवाद: “आणि देवावर विश्वास ठेवणाऱ्या यहुदी लोकांवर” (2) येशूवर विश्वास ठेवणारे प्रत्येकजण, अशा परिस्थितीत **आणि** हा शब्द सूचित करतो की **त्यांना** हा शब्द लोकांच्या समान गटाला संदर्भित करतो जसे **देवाचे इस्राएल**. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “म्हणजे देवाच्या लोकांवर
6:17 v963 τοῦ λοιποῦ 1
6:17 dm22 κόπους μοι μηδεὶς παρεχέτω 1
6:17 cz8a κόπους μοι 1 Here, **trouble** refers to the distress that some of the Galatian Christians caused for Paul because of the problems that he wrote about in this letter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “let no one trouble me with regard to these issues
6:17 j729 ἐγὼ γὰρ τὰ στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματί μου βαστάζω 1 Here, **the marks of Jesus** refers to the scars on Pauls body that were made by people beating him because he taught about **Jesus**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the scars I received because I taught the truth about Jesus”
6:17 cz8a κόπους μοι 1 येथे, **त्रास** हा शब्द काही गलती येथील ख्रिस्ती लोकांना पौलाने या पत्रात लिहिलेल्या त्रासांमुळे त्याला झालेल्या त्रासाला संदर्भित करतो. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही हे स्पष्टपणे सांगू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “या त्रासांबद्दल मला कोणीही त्रास देऊ नये
6:17 j729 ἐγὼ γὰρ τὰ στίγματα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματί μου βαστάζω 1 येथे, **येशूच्या खुणा** पौलाच्या शरीरावरील त्या व्रणास दर्शवितात ज्या लोकांनी **येशूबद्दलच्या** शिकवणीसाठी त्याला मारल्यामुळे झाले होते. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही अर्थ स्पष्टपणे व्यक्त करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: "मला मिळालेल्या जखमा कारण मी येशूबद्दल सत्य शिकवले"
6:18 b64i ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ μετὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος ὑμῶν 1
6:18 pk25 ἀδελφοί 1 See how you translated the same use of **brothers** in [1:2](../01/02.md). Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters”
1:1 o4ns Παῦλος 1 Here, Paul is introducing himself as the author of this letter. Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Use that here. Alternate translation: “This letter is from me, Paul”
6:18 pk25 ἀδελφοί 1 तुम्ही [1:2](../01/02.md) मध्ये **बंधू** या शब्दाचा समान वापर कसा अनुवादित केला ते पाहा. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “बंधू आणि बहिणी”
1:1 o4ns Παῦλος 1 येथे, पौल या पत्राचा लेखक म्हणून स्वतःची ओळख करून देत आहे. तुमच्या भाषेत पत्राच्या लेखकाचा परिचय करून देण्याची एक विशिष्ट पद्धत असू शकते. ती येथे वापरा. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "हे पत्र माझ्याकडून आहे, पौल"
1:1 uhhp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person Παῦλος 1 पौल तिसऱ्या व्यक्तीमध्ये स्वतःबद्दल बोलत आहे. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही प्रथम व्यक्ती वापरू शकता. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: “हे पत्र माझ्याकडून आहे, पौल” किंवा “मी, पौल”
1:1 rcnw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων 1 येथे, **कडून** हा शब्द स्त्रोत सूचित करतो. **मनुष्याकडून नाही** या वाक्यांशाचा अर्थ असा आहे की मानव हे पौलाच्या प्रेषितत्वाचे स्त्रोत नाहीत आणि त्याला मानवाकडून प्रेषित म्हणून कार्यान्वित किंवा नियुक्त केले गेले नाही. जर ते तुमच्या वाचकांना मदत करत असेल तर तुम्ही ते स्पष्टपणे व्यक्त करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “लोकांनी पाठवलेले नाही” किंवा “लोकांच्या गटाने माझी नियुक्ती केली आणि पाठवल म्हणून नाही”
1:1 yqma rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων & ἀνθρώπου 1 जरी **मनुष्य** आणि **पुरुष** हे शब्द पुल्लिंगी असले तरी, पौल येथे त्यांचा सामान्य अर्थाने मानवांना संदर्भ देण्यासाठी वापरतो. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "माणूस ... मानव" किंवा "लोक ... एक व्यक्ती"
1:1 k2dw δι’ ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 या वचनात **द्वारे** हा शब्द दोन्ही वेळा वापरला गेला तो माध्यम किंवा साधन दर्शवितो आणि माध्यम किंवा साधनाचा संदर्भ देतो ज्याद्वारे पौलाला प्रेषित म्हणून नियुक्त केले गेले होते. येथे **द्वारे** या शब्दाचा अर्थ सूचित करण्यासाठी तुमच्या भाषेतील सर्वोत्तम शब्द निवडा. वैकल्पिक अनुवाद: "मनुष्याच्या माध्यमाद्वारे, परंतु येशू ख्रिस्त आणि देव पिता यांच्या माध्यमाद्वारे"
1:1 pvdp rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 **पण** हा शब्द परस्परविरोधाचा परिचय देतो. येथे, **परंतु** हा शब्द पौलाच्या कार्याचे विविध संभाव्य माध्यमं किंवा साधने यातील परस्परविरोधाचा परिचय देतो. पौलाचे प्रेषितत्व **मनुष्याद्वारे नाही** तर **येशू ख्रिस्त आणि देव पिता यांच्याद्वारे** यांच्यात फरक आहे. परस्परविरोधाची ओळख करून देण्यासाठी तुमच्या भाषेत नैसर्गिक मार्ग वापरा. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “परंतु त्यापेक्षा”
1:1 fyu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish Θεοῦ Πατρὸς τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 **ज्याने त्याला मेलेल्यांतून उठवले** हा वाक्यांश **देव पिता** बद्दल अधिक माहिती देतो. हे **देव पिता** आणि **ज्याने त्याला मेलेल्यांतून उठवले** यांच्यात जणू ते दोन वेगळे अस्तित्व आहे असा फरक करत नाही. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही या वाक्यांशांमधील संबंध अधिक स्पष्ट करू शकता. पर्यायी अनुवाद: “देव पिता, ज्याने येशू ख्रिस्ताला मरणानंतर पुन्हा जिवंत केले तोच आहे” किंवा “देव पिता, ज्याने येशू ख्रिस्ताच्या मृत्यूनंतर त्याला पुन्हा जिवंत केले”
1:1 wmlj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 येथे, **पिता** हा वाक्यांश (1) देवासाठी एक सामान्य शीर्षक असू शकतो जो त्याला ख्रिस्ती त्र्यैक्यातील प्रथम व्यक्ती म्हणून ओळख देते. तुम्ही हा पर्याय निवडल्यास, तुमच्या भाषांतरात कोणाचा **पिता** देव आहे हे तुम्ही परिभाषित करू नये, उलट, तुम्ही युएलटी प्रमाणे सामान्य अभिव्यक्ती वापरावी. (2) जे ख्रिस्तावर विश्वास ठेवतात त्यांच्याशी देवाच्या नातेसंबंधाचा उल्लेख करणे. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "देव आमचा पिता"
1:1 w3gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 पौल लोकांच्या समूहाला सूचित करण्यासाठी **मृत** हे विशेषण एक संज्ञा म्हणून वापरत आहे. तुमची भाषा तशाच प्रकारे विशेषण वापरू शकते. नसल्यास, तुम्ही हे समतुल्य अभिव्यक्तीसह भाषांतरित करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: "मृत्यू झालेल्या लोकांमधून"
1:1 g5as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 येथे, **मृत** हा वाक्प्रचार एखाद्या ठिकाणाचा संदर्भ देण्याचा एक लाक्षणिक मार्ग असू शकतो, ज्या बाबतीत ते "मृतांचे ठिकाण" किंवा "मृतांचे क्षेत्र" असा संदर्भ देत असेल. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही समतुल्य अभिव्यक्ती किंवा साधी भाषा वापरू शकता. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "मृतांच्या ठिकाणाहून" किंवा "मृतांच्या क्षेत्रातून"
1:2 wmd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Γαλατίας 1 येथे, **गलती** या शब्दाचा संदर्भ असू शकतो: (1) रोम राजकीय प्रांत ज्याला **गलतीया** म्हणतात. पर्यायी अनुवाद: "गलती प्रांतात" किंवा (2) **गलती** म्हणून ओळखला जाणारा भौगोलिक प्रदेश. पर्यायी अनुवाद: "गलती प्रदेशात" जर ते तुमच्या वाचकांना मदत करत असेल, तर तुम्ही स्पष्टपणे सांगू शकता की **गलती** हा शब्द येथे काय संदर्भित करतो.
1:2 aa9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession τῆς Γαλατίας 1 **गलती** नावाच्या रोमी राजकीय प्रांतातील किंवा **गलती** म्हणून ओळखल्या जाणार्‍या भौगोलिक प्रदेशातील मंडळीचे वर्णन करण्यासाठी पौल येथे स्वामित्वदर्शी स्वरुपाचा वापर करतो. तुमच्या भाषेत स्वामित्वदर्शी स्वरुपाचा वापर स्पष्ट नसल्यास, तुम्ही तुमच्या भाषेतील नैसर्गिक स्वरूपाचा वापर करून अर्थ स्पष्ट करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: "गलती प्रांतात" किंवा "गलती प्रदेशात"
1:3 nxtz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-blessing χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη 1 हा एक सामान्य आशीर्वाद आहे जो पौल त्याच्या पत्रांच्या सुरुवातीला वापरतो. लोक तुमच्या भाषेत आशीर्वाद म्हणून ओळखतील असे स्वरुप वापरा. पर्यायी अनुवाद: "देव आमचा पिता आणि प्रभु येशू ख्रिस्त तुम्हाला कृपा आणि शांती देवो"
1:3 psjz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 जर तुमची भाषा **कृपा** आणि **शांती** या कल्पनेसाठी अमूर्त संज्ञा वापरत नसेल, तर तुम्ही अमूर्त संज्ञांमागील कल्पना **कृपा** आणि **शांती** या विशेषणांसह व्यक्त करू शकता जसे की " दयाळू" आणि "शांतिप्रिय." वैकल्पिक अनुवाद: "देव आमचा पिता आणि आमचा प्रभु येशू ख्रिस्त तुमच्याप्रती कृपाळू होवो आणि तुम्हाला शांतीपूर्ण बनवो"
1:3 nykr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you ὑμῖν 1 येथे, **तुम्ही** हा शब्द अनेकवचनी आहे आणि तो गलती येथील लोकांना सूचित करतो. अन्यथा नमूद केल्याशिवाय, या पत्रातील "तुम्ही" आणि "तुमचे" या शब्दांचे सर्व उदाहरणे गलतीचा संदर्भ घेतात आणि ते अनेकवचनी आहेत.
c1xf Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 तुम्ही [1:1](../01/01.md) मध्ये **देव पिता** या वाक्यांशाचे भाषांतर कसे करायचे ते पाहा.
eivd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμῶν 1 येथे, **आपला** हा शब्द पौल, गलती येथील विश्वासणारे आणि येशूवर विश्वास ठेवणारे सर्व लोकांचा संदर्भित करतो आणि तो सर्वसमावेशक आहे. तुमच्या भाषेसाठी तुम्हाला हा स्वरुप चिन्हांकित करण्याची आवश्यकता असू शकते. या पुस्तकात, अन्यथा सांगितल्याशिवाय, “आमचा” हा शब्द पौल, गलती येथील विश्वासणारे आणि सर्व विश्वासणाऱ्यांना सूचित करतो आणि सर्वसमावेशक आहे.
1:4 onj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish τοῦ δόντος ἑαυτὸν περὶ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἐξέληται ἡμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος πονηροῦ 1 **ज्याने आपल्या पापांसाठी स्वतःला अर्पण केले आहे जेणेकरून त्याने आपल्याला सध्याच्या दुष्ट युगातून सोडवावे** हे वाक्य आपल्याला [1:3](../01/03.md). ते भेद करत नाही. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही या वाक्यांशांमधील संबंध अधिक स्पष्ट करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: "ज्याने आपल्या पापांसाठी स्वतःला अर्पण केले जेणेकरून त्याने आपल्याला सध्याच्या दुष्ट युगातून सोडवावे"
1:4 f2pm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμῶν & ἡμῶν 1 या वचनातील **आपला** या शब्दाचे दोन्ही उपयोग सर्वसमावेशक आहेत. [1:3](../01/03.md) मध्ये **आमच्या** या शब्दावरील टीप पाहा.
1:4 haib rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 जर तुमची भाषा **पाप** या कल्पनेसाठी अमूर्त संज्ञा वापरत नसेल, तर तुम्ही तीच कल्पना "पापी" यासारख्या विशेषणाने व्यक्त करू शकता किंवा तुमच्या भाषेतील नैसर्गिक अर्थाने इतर कोणत्याही प्रकारे अर्थ व्यक्त करू शकता.
1:4 d8m2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal ὅπως 1 **म्हणजे** हा वाक्यांश एक उद्देश कलम सादर करतो. ज्या उद्देशासाठी ख्रिस्ताने आपल्या पापांसाठी स्वतःला दिले तो उद्देश पौल सांगत आहे. उद्देश कलम सादर करण्यासाठी तुमच्या भाषेत नैसर्गिक मार्ग वापरा. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "त्या प्रमाणे"
1:4 mg01 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς ἡμῶν 1 **आणि पिता** हा वाक्यांश **आमच्या देवाविषयी** अधिक माहिती देतो. हे **देव** आणि **पिता** यांच्यात जणू ते दोन वेगळे अस्तित्व आहेत असा फरक करत नाही. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल, तर तुम्ही या शब्दांमधील संबंध अधिक स्पष्ट करू शकता. वैकल्पिक भाषांतर: "आमच्या देवाचा, जो आमचा पिता आहे"
1:5 y7mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ δόξα 1 **गौरव असो** हा वाक्प्रचार स्तुतीची अभिव्यक्ती आहे. जर तुमची भाषा **वैभव** या कल्पनेसाठी अमूर्त संज्ञा वापरत नसेल, तर तुम्ही तीच कल्पना "स्तुती" यासारख्या शाब्दिक स्वरूपात व्यक्त करू शकता किंवा तुम्ही इतर कोणत्याही प्रकारे अर्थ व्यक्त करू शकता जो तुमच्यामध्ये नैसर्गिक आहे.
1:5 miju rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate ἀμήν 1 **आमेन** हा इब्री शब्द आहे. पौलाने ग्रीक अक्षरे वापरून त्याचे शब्दलेखन केले जेणेकरुन त्याच्या वाचकांना त्याचा आवाज कसा आहे हे समजेल. तो असे गृहीत धरतो की त्यांना माहित आहे की याचा अर्थ "असेच होवो" किंवा "होय खरंच" असा आहे. तुमच्या भाषांतरामध्ये, तुम्ही ते तुमच्या भाषेत जसे वाटते तसे शब्दलेखन करू शकता. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल तर तुम्ही त्याचा अर्थ देखील स्पष्ट करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “आमेन, ज्याचा अर्थआहे, ‘असेच होवो!’”
1:6 ficf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μετατίθεσθε 1 **आमेन** हा इब्री शब्द आहे. पौलाने ग्रीक अक्षरे वापरून त्याचे शब्दलेखन केले जेणेकरुन त्याच्या वाचकांना त्याचा आवाज कसा आहे हे समजेल. तो असे गृहीत धरतो की त्यांना माहित आहे की याचा अर्थ "असेच होवो" किंवा "होय खरंच" असा आहे तुमच्या भाषांतरामध्ये, तुम्ही ते तुमच्या भाषेत जसे वाटते तसे शब्दलेखन करू शकता. जर ते तुमच्या भाषेत उपयुक्त असेल तर तुम्ही त्याचा अर्थ देखील स्पष्ट करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “आमेन, ज्याचा अर्थआहे, ‘असेच होवो!’”
1:6 cw1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὕτως ταχέως 1 येथे, **इतक्या लवकर** या वाक्प्रचाराचा अर्थ असा होतो की, गलतीकर खर्‍या सुवार्तेवर विश्वास ठेवण्यापासून दूर जात होते. जर ते तुमच्या वाचकांना मदत करत असेल तर तुम्ही ते स्पष्टपणे व्यक्त करू शकता. पर्यायी भाषांतर: “खर्‍या सुवार्तेकडून ते स्वीकारल्यानंतर इतक्या लवकर” किंवा “खर्‍या सुवार्तेपासून इतक्या वेगाने”
1:6 ht94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπὸ τοῦ καλέσαντος ὑμᾶς 1 Here, the phrase **the one** refers to God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and from God, who is the one who has called you”
1:6 qy93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καλέσαντος 1 Here, the phrase **called** refers to being chosen by God. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “having chosen”
1:6 ghhs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν χάριτι Χριστοῦ 1 Here, the word **in** could: (1) indicate means and be referring to the means by which God called the Galatian believers. Alternate translation: “by the grace of Christ” or “through the grace of Christ” (2) indicate sphere or realm and be referring to the Galatians being called into the sphere or realm of grace. Alternate translation: “into the sphere of the grace of Christ” or “to live in the realm of Christs grace” (3) indicate manner and be referring to the manner in which God called the Galatians. Alternate translation: “graciously because of Christ”
1:6 cizk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns χάριτι 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as "kindness," or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.
1:7 l5ep rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἄλλο 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “another gospel”
1:7 rg69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions εἰ μή τινές εἰσιν οἱ ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς, καὶ θέλοντες μεταστρέψαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 If, in your language, the use of the word **except** makes it appear as though Paul is making a statement and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “but certain people are causing you trouble and want to pervert the gospel of Christ”
1:7 wnfe τινές & οἱ 1 Alternate translation: “certain people”
1:7 kswu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **trouble**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as "troubling," or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “troubling you”
1:7 tec2 μεταστρέψαι 1 Alternate translation: “to twist the truth of” or “to change”
1:7 k9d1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Paul could be using the possessive form here to: (1) describe the gospel that is about Christ, in which case the possessive form is being used to describe the content of the gospel. Alternate translation: “the gospel about Christ” (2) designate Christ as the one who proclaimed the gospel message to which he is referring, in which case Paul is referring to the gospel message that Christ preached. Alternate translation: “the gospel that Christ proclaimed” or “the gospel that Christ preached”
1:8 rltx rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical καὶ ἐὰν ἡμεῖς ἢ ἄγγελος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εὐαγγελίζηται ὑμῖν παρ’ ὃ εὐηγγελισάμεθα ὑμῖν, ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 The word **if** introduces a hypothetical situation. Paul uses a hypothetical situation to warn the Galatians against any teaching that is contrary to the original gospel message which he taught them. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a hypothetical situation. Alternate translation: “if it were to happen that we or an angel from heaven might proclaim to you a gospel other than the one we proclaimed to you, let whoever would do that be cursed” or “suppose it were to happen that we or an angel from heaven might proclaim to you a gospel other than the one we proclaimed to you. Let whoever would do that be cursed”
1:8 wnx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμεῖς & εὐηγγελισάμεθα 1 When Paul says **we** here, he is not including the Galatians, so **we** would be exclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms.
1:8 ebyi ἡμεῖς 1 Alternate translation: “I or my co-laborers in the gospel”
1:8 f1ef εὐαγγελίζηται ὑμῖν 1 Alternate translation: “might proclaim to you a gospel message” or “might proclaim to you a message of good news”
1:8 kv9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of someone being **cursed**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “curse.” Alternate translation: “let God curse him”
1:8 pifk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” is the one who will do it. Alternate translation: “let God curse him”
1:8 g7zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 Although the term **him** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “let God curse that person”
1:9 anxe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive προειρήκαμεν 1 When Paul says **we**, he is not including the Galatians, so **we** would be exclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms.
1:9 h1ht rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical εἴ τις ὑμᾶς εὐαγγελίζεται 1 The word **If** introduces a hypothetical situation. Paul is using a hypothetical situation to warn the Galatians against any teaching that is contrary to the original gospel message that they were taught. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a hypothetical situation. Alternate translation: “If it were to happen that someone would proclaim to you a gospel”
1:9 i2wk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit παρ’ ὃ 1 See how you translated the phrase **other than the one** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
1:9 mrv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 See how you translated the phrase **let him be cursed** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
1:9 eta3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀνάθεμα ἔστω 1 Although the term **him** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. See how you translated the phrase **let him be cursed** in [1:8](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “let that person be cursed”
1:10 ifod rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** is being used to introduce Pauls argument against an implied assertion that he altered the content of his gospel message in order to make it more acceptable to people. If it would help your readers, you could express the implied assertion explicitly. Alternative translation: "Despite their charges,"
1:10 xhrn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἄρτι & ἀνθρώπους πείθω ἢ τὸν Θεόν? ἢ ζητῶ ἀνθρώποις ἀρέσκειν? εἰ ἔτι ἀνθρώποις ἤρεσκον 1 Although the term **men** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women, and refers to “people” in general. Alternate translation: “do I now persuade people, or God? Or do I seek to please people? If I were still pleasing people”
1:11 xve4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** is used to introduce a supporting statement that further supports and gives reason for Pauls prior statement. Use a form that would be natural in your language for introducing a statement that supports a prior statement.
1:11 cnic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women and refers to those who believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters”
1:11 o5cu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τὸ εὐαγγελισθὲν ὑπ’ ἐμοῦ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that I proclaimed”
1:11 hew1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women, and refers to “humans.” Alternate translation: “did not come from a human” or “is not a human message” or “is not a message that people made up”
1:12 zfxj rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** could be being used to introduce: (1) the grounds or basis for Pauls assertion in [1:11](../01/11.md), in which case what follows the word **For** is being used as support for what Paul said in [1:11](../01/11.md). Use a form that would be natural for introducing a statement which gives supporting evidence. Alternate translation: “In support of my claim that the gospel I proclaimed is not according to man, I want you to know that” (2) a statement which explains and builds on Pauls assertion in [1:11](../01/11.md). Use a form that would be natural for introducing a statement which further clarifies and explains a prior statement. Alternate translation: “To explain further, I want you to know” or “That is”
1:12 kdol rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism οὐδὲ & ἐγὼ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου παρέλαβον αὐτό, οὔτε ἐδιδάχθην 1 The phrase **I did not receive it from man** and the phrase **nor was I taught it** mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might confuse your readers, you could combine the two phrases into one. Alternate translation: “I did not receive the gospel that I proclaim from any person”
1:12 er9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπου 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women and refers to humans. See how you translated the word **man** in [1:11](../01/11.md) where it is used with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “people” or “humans” or “a human source”
1:12 y2am rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐδιδάχθην 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language.
1:12 hlg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit αὐτό & ἐδιδάχθην 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form, or in another way that is natural in your language.
1:12 qohz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἐδιδάχθην 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “was I taught it by any person” or “was I taught it by man” or “was I taught it by a human being”
1:12 g1o6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 What follows the word **but** is in contrast to the phrases **receive it from man** and **taught it**. In contrast to Paul receiving the message he proclaimed from a human source or being **taught it**, Paul received the gospel message from a divine source. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “but, rather,” or “but, instead,”
1:12 leqs δι’ 1 Alternate translation: “through a”
1:12 uybt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **revelation**, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “revealing,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God revealing Jesus Christ”
1:12 nee4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἀλλὰ δι’ ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “but I received it by a revelation of Jesus Christ” or “but I was taught it by revelation of Jesus Christ”
1:13 r8ol rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ 1 Here, the phrase **in Judaism** refers to following the Jewish religious guidelines. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “following the Jewish religion” or “following the Jewish religious guidelines”
1:13 ydx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom καθ’ ὑπερβολὴν 1 The phrase **beyond measure** is an idiom meaning “excessively.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “excessively” or “to an extreme degree” or “intensely”
1:14 vtug rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ 1 See how you translated the phrase **in Judaism** in [1:13](../01/13.md) where it is used with a similar meaning. Alternate translation: “in the Jewish religion”
1:14 aecd τῷ γένει 1 Alternate translation: “nation”
1:14 gdwi rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns τῷ γένει μου 1 The word **race** is a singular noun that refers to a group of people. If your language does not use singular nouns in that way, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “my ethnic group, the Jews” or “my people, the Jews” or “the Jewish people”
1:14 bcdo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τῶν πατρικῶν μου 1 Here, the word **fathers** means “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “of my ancestors”
1:15 w6zi rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 What follows the word **But** here is in contrast to what was expected. What would be expected is that Paul would continue thinking and acting according to the way he formerly did, as he described in [1:14](../01/14.md). Instead, God **called** Paul, and as the next verse says, God revealed Jesus to him so that he might teach the Gentiles about Jesus. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But then”
1:15 ofqm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ 1 Here, the phrase **the one** refers to God. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “God”
1:15 qu8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish ὅτε & εὐδόκησεν ὁ, ἀφορίσας με ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός μου, καὶ καλέσας διὰ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1 The statement **having set me apart from the womb of my mother and having called {me} through his grace** gives us further information about the **the one** (God). It is not making a distinction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “when God, who is the one who set me apart from my mothers womb and called me through his grace, was pleased”
1:15 iyc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός μου 1 The phrase **from the womb of my mother** is a Hebrew idiom which means either “from the day of my birth” or “from before birth.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “from the day I was born” or “from before I was birthed”
1:15 wlph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **grace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how gracious he is”
1:16 z800 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal ἵνα 1 The phrase **so that** introduces a purpose clause. After the phrase **so that** Paul states the purpose for which God revealed his Son to Paul, namely so that he **might preach him among the Gentiles**. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation: “in order that”
1:17 w82a rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 What follows the word **Instead** is in contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.
1:17 zqih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἀπῆλθον εἰς 1 Your language may say “came” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “I came to”
1:18 c7gb rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential ἔπειτα 1 The word **Then** indicates that the events Paul will now relate came after the events just described. Use a natural form in your language for indicating this.
1:18 rej5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα 1 **Jerusalem** was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for people to speak of going **up** to Jerusalem and going down from it. Your language may say “came” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “I came up to Jerusalem”
1:20 d9yv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ 1 The word **behold** is an exclamation word which is used to draw attention to the words that follow. Use an exclamation that would be natural, in your language, to use in this context. Alternate translation: “observe”
1:20 pp11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Here, the phrase **before God** is an oath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an oath from your language that would be appropriate in this context, or you could make it clear in your translation that Paul is making an oath. Alternate translation: “I solemnly testify before God” or “in Gods presence I testify” or “I swear with God as my witness” or “I swear before God”
1:21 ny6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential ἔπειτα ἦλθον εἰς 1 The word **Then** indicates that the events Paul will now relate came after the events Paul has described in [1:18-19](../01/18.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could show this relationship by using a fuller phrase or by expressing the meaning in some other way that is natural to your readers. Alternate translation: “After I left Jerusalem I went to” or “After that I went to” or “Afterward I went to”
1:22 wleq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche ἤμην & ἀγνοούμενος τῷ προσώπῳ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Ἰουδαίας, ταῖς ἐν Χριστῷ 1 \t\r\nPaul uses the main feature of his appearance, his **face**, to refer to seeing his entire person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or plain language.
1:22 sr0y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν Χριστῷ 1 Paul uses the spatial metaphor **in Christ** to describe the union believers have with Christ. Here, this phrase is specifically describing and modifying **the churches of Judea**. If it would help your readers, you could use a fuller phrase to describe what the phrase “in Christ” means here. See the discussion of this phrase in Part 3: Important Translation Issues in the Introduction to Galatians section. Alternate translation: “in union with Christ”
1:23 bdmz rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast between what the Judean believers did know about Paul (they were **hearing** that he was **now proclaiming the faith**) and what they did not know about Paul (how he looked, [1:22](../01/22.md)). Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “Rather,”
1:23 hw08 μόνον & ἀκούοντες ἦσαν 1 Alternate translation: “all that the believers in the region of Judea knew about me was that people were saying” or “all that the people belonging to the churches in the region of Judea knew about me was that people were saying”
1:23 ss1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ 1 Here, the phrase **The one** refers to Paul. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly.
1:23 bh1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τὴν πίστιν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the message about Jesus”
1:23 lo0r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὴν πίστιν 1 Here, **the faith** refers to the good news about Jesus, which includes the need to have faith in Jesus to be saved. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the good news about Jesus”
1:23 y5ud rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐπόρθει 1 Here, the word **destroying** refers to trying to stop the spread of the Christian message. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly.
1:24 qp4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἐν ἐμοὶ 1 Here, the phrase **in me** means “because of me” and is giving the reason why the Judean believers were praising God, namely because of Pauls conversion and work of proclaiming the gospel. If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “because of me” or "because of what God was doing with me"
2:1 mtgj rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential ἔπειτα 1 The word **Then** indicates that the events Paul will now relate came after the events just described. See how you translated the word **Then** in [1:18](../01/18.md) where it is used with the same meaning.
2:2 e8xu rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background δὲ 1 Here, the word **Now** introduces background information. Use a natural way in your language for introducing background information.
2:2 ll4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἀνέβην 1 See how you translated the phrase **I went up** in [2:1](../02/01.md).
2:2 szwl κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν 1 Alternate translation: “because God told me to” or “because God revealed to me that I should” or “in response to a revelation”
2:2 zvkg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **revelation**, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “revealed,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.
2:2 g384 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀνεθέμην αὐτοῖς 1 Here, the phrase **set before** means to communicate something to someone for the purpose of receiving their opinion regarding it. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “communicated to them” or “related to them”
2:2 rhps rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo αὐτοῖς 1 Most Bible scholars think that **them** here refers to meetings with two different groups of people with whom Paul met while in Jerusalem, one meeting with a large number of Christians from Jerusalem and a smaller meeting with just the apostles. The phrase **but privately to the ones seeming to be important** is only describing the latter meeting, as it is only this meeting which is relevant to what Paul is trying to communicate here. When translating the word **them**, make sure that you use a word or phrase that allows for both meetings to be included.
2:2 ypg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis κατ’ ἰδίαν δὲ τοῖς 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “but privately I set it before the ones”
2:2 ik4f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit μή πως εἰς κενὸν τρέχω ἢ ἔδραμον 1 By saying **lest I might run—or had run—in vain** Paul is not expressing doubt regarding the validity or accuracy of the message about Jesus that he preached. Rather, he is referring to the possibility that if the apostles of Jesus were to publicly disagree with his message, then it would or could cause people to no longer believe it, in which case his work of teaching people the message about Jesus would or could have no lasting results. Translate this phrase in a way that avoids making it appear as if Paul is questioning the content or validity of the message he proclaims. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate more explicitly what this phrase means.

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