RobH_small_fixes of syntax (#369)
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@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ The fact that the men said they heard a report about Yahweh shows that “becaus
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> …This is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration: ‘My fury will arise in ***my nostrils***!’ (Ezekiel 38:18 ULT)
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> Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious, ***slow to anger***... (Exodus 34:6 ULT)
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> Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious, ***slow to anger***… (Exodus 34:6 ULT)
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In Hebrew, a hot nose represents anger, including such images as a blast of air or smoke coming from someone's nostrils. The opposite of a "hot nose" is a "long nose". The phrase "slow to anger" in Hebrew literally means "long of nose". A long nose represents patience, meaning that it takes a long time for that person's nose to get hot.
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Some common [metonymies](../figs-metonymy/01.md) and [metaphors](../figs-metapho
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#### Being CALLED SOMETHING means being that thing
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> The Holy One of Israel is your Redeemer; he ***is called*** the God of the whole earth. (Isaiah 54:5b ULT)
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> The Holy One of Israel is your Redeemer; he ***is called*** the God of the whole earth. (Isaiah 54:5b ULT)
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This is because he actually is the God of the whole earth.
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@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Too much wine makes a person weak and he staggers. So too, when God judges peopl
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> He has strength like a wild ox.
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> ***He will eat up the nations who fight against him***.
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> He will break their bones to pieces.
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> He will shoot them with his arrows. Numbers 24:8 ULT)
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> He will shoot them with his arrows. (Numbers 24:8 ULT)
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Another word for “eat up” is devour.
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@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ Noah received righteousness as a permanent possession.
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#### WALKING means behaving
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#### a PATH or a WAY means a person's behavior
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> Blessed is the man who does not ***walk*** in the advice of the wicked. Psalm 1:1 ULT)
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> Blessed is the man who does not ***walk*** in the advice of the wicked. (Psalm 1:1 ULT)
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> For Yahweh approves of the ***way*** of the righteous. (Psalm 1:6 ULT)
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Some common [metonymies](../figs-metonymy/01.md) and [metaphors](../figs-metapho
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#### BRONZE represents strength
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> He trains…my arms to bend a bow of ***bronze***. Psalm 18:34 ULT)
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> He trains…my arms to bend a bow of ***bronze***. (Psalm 18:34 ULT)
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#### CHAINS represent control
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ A statement can also be used to **perform** something. By telling Adam that the
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By telling a man that his sins were forgiven, Jesus forgave the man’s sins.
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> Seeing their faith, Jesus said to the paralyzed man, “Son, _your sins are forgiven_.” (Luke 2:5 ULT)
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> Seeing their faith, Jesus said to the paralyzed man, “Son, _your sins are forgiven_.” (Luke 2:5 ULT)
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### Translation Strategies
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@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ The function of “you can make me clean” is to make a request. In addition to
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> **She will give birth to a son, and ***you will call his name Jesus***, for he will save his people from their sins.** (Matthew 1:21 ULT)
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>> She will give birth to a son, and ***you must call his name Jesus***, for he will save his people from their sins.
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> **Son, your sins are forgiven.** Luke 2:5 ULT)
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> **Son, your sins are forgiven.** (Luke 2:5 ULT)
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>> Son, I forgive your sins.
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>> Son, God has forgiven your sins.
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@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Jesus was not speaking only of men, but of **men and women**.
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**Caution**: Sometimes masculine words are used specifically to refer to men. Do not use words that would lead people to think that they include women. The underlined words below are specifically about men.
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> Moses said, ‘If a ***man*** dies, having no children, ***his*** ***brother*** must marry ***his*** wife and have a child for ***his*** ***brother***.’ (Mark 22:24 ULT)
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> Moses said, ‘If a ***man*** dies, having no children, ***his*** ***brother*** must marry ***his*** wife and have a child for ***his*** ***brother***.’ (Matthew 22:24 ULT)
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### Translation Strategies
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
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In the Old Testament:
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> Yahweh, he is God; there is ***no other God***! (I Kings 8:60 ULT)
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> Yahweh, he is God; there is ***no other God***! (1 Kings 8:60 ULT)
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In the New Testament:
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@ -39,4 +39,4 @@ Each person of God is fully God and is called “God” in the Bible.
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Each person is also distinct from the other two persons. All three persons can appear separately at the same time. In the verses below, God the Son is baptized while God the Spirit comes down and God the Father speaks from heaven.
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> After he was baptized, ***Jesus*** came up…from the water…He saw the ***Spirit*** of God coming down…, and a ***voice*** [the Father’s] came out of the heavens saying, “This is my Beloved ***Son***…” (Matthew 3:16-17 ULT)
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As Christians, we must always remember that, since we are humans and do not have the mind of God, we cannot fully understand how all three persons of the Holy Trinity are fully God, and yet God is only one being. The Holy Trinity is a divine mystery that we confess by faith, based on the witness of God's inspired Word.
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As Christians, we must always remember that, since we are humans and do not have the mind of God, we cannot fully understand how all three persons of the Holy Trinity are fully God, and yet God is only one being. The Holy Trinity is a divine mystery that we confess by faith, based on the witness of God's inspired Word.
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ The terms “Father” and “Son” also communicate that the Father and the So
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### Human Relationships
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**Human fathers and sons are not perfect, but the Bible still uses those terms for the ***Father*** and ***Son***, who are perfect.**
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**Human fathers and sons are not perfect, but the Bible still uses those terms for the *Father* and *Son*, who are perfect.**
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Just as today, human father-son relationships during Bible times were never as loving or perfect as the relationship between Jesus and his Father. But this does not mean that the translator should avoid the concepts of father and son. The Scriptures use these terms to refer to God, the perfect Father and Son, as well as to sinful human fathers and sons. In referring to God as Father and Son, choose words in your language that are widely used to refer to a human “father” and “son.” In this way you will communicate that God the Father and God the Son are of the same divine essence (they are both God), just as a human father and son are of the same human essence (they are both human and share the same human characteristics).
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ If the people who speak your language have another Bible that they use, number t
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The example below is from 3 John 1. Some Bibles mark this text as verses 14 and 15, and some mark it all as verse 14. You may mark the verse numbers as your other Bible does.
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> **<sup> 14</sup> But I expect to see you soon, and we will speak face to face.** <sup> ***15*** </sup> *****Peace*** be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.** (3 John 1:14-15 ULT)
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> **<sup> 14</sup> But I expect to see you soon, and we will speak face to face.** <sup> 15</sup>** ***Peace*** be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.** (3 John 1:14-15 ULT)
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> <sup> 14</sup> But I expect to see you soon, and we will speak face to face. Peace be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name. (3 John 14)
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@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Next is an example from Psalm 3. Some Bibles do not mark the explanation at the
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> <sup> 1</sup> **Yahweh, how many are my enemies!**
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> **Many have turned away and attacked me.**
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> <sup> 2</sup> **Many say about me,**
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> **”There is no help for him from God.” *Selah***
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> **”There is no help for him from God.” *Selah* **
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> <sup> 1</sup> *A psalm of David, when he fled from Absalom his son.*
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> <sup> 2</sup> Yahweh, how many are my enemies!
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@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ We are used to thinking that the meaning of a text is in the words. But this mea
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* to quit
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* to concede
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* to supply
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* and others...
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* and others…
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### Building the Larger Meaning
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The translator must determine what each word means in each context, and then reproduce that same meaning in the translated text. This means that words cannot be translated individually, but only with the meaning that they have when they are combined together with the other words in the phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and chapters in which they form a part. That is why the translator must read the whole paragraph, chapter, or book that he is translating before starting to translate it. By reading the larger levels, he will understand how each of the lower levels fits into the whole, and will translate each part so that it communicates the meaning in a way that makes the most sense with the higher levels.
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The translator must determine what each word means in each context, and then reproduce that same meaning in the translated text. This means that words cannot be translated individually, but only with the meaning that they have when they are combined together with the other words in the phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and chapters in which they form a part. That is why the translator must read the whole paragraph, chapter, or book that he is translating before starting to translate it. By reading the larger levels, he will understand how each of the lower levels fits into the whole, and will translate each part so that it communicates the meaning in a way that makes the most sense with the higher levels.
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