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Corrected zero-width and non-breaking spaces that tC-Create put in Luk, Tit, 1Ti, and 3Jn. (#1495) 

Corrected zero-width and non-breaking spaces that tC-Create put in Luk, Tit, 1Ti, and 3Jn.

Co-authored-by: lrsallee <larry.sallee@unfoldingword.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1495
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Larry Sallee 2020-10-27 14:15:56 +00:00
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@ -1249,8 +1249,8 @@ LUK 9 59 1004 ἐπίτρεψόν μοι ἀπελθόντι, πρῶτον 1 p
LUK 9 60 1005 figs-metaphor ἄφες τοὺς νεκροὺς θάψαι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς 1 Let the dead bury their own dead Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Instead, the expression **the dead** likely refers figuratively to those who do not follow Jesus and so are spiritually dead. Alternate translation: “Let people who are not concerned about spiritual things take care of everyday matters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 9 60 1006 figs-nominaladj τοὺς νεκροὺς 1 the dead This expression refers to dead people in general. Alternate translation: “people who are dead” or “people who are not concerned about spiritual things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK 9 61 1007 figs-metaphor ἀκολουθήσω σοι 1 I will follow you As in [5:27](../05/27.md), to **follow** Jesus means to become one of his disciples. Alternate translation: “I want to be one of your disciples” or “I am ready to go with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 9 61 1008 πρῶτον δὲ ἐπίτρεψόν μοι 1 but first permit me Alternate translation: “but before I do that, please let me”
LUK 9 61 1009 figs-metonymy τοῖς εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου 1 those in my home This person is referring figuratively to his family by association with where they live. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 9 61 1008 πρῶτον δὲ ἐπίτρεψόν μοι 1 but first permit me Alternate translation: “but before I do that, please let me”
LUK 9 61 1009 figs-metonymy τοῖς εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου 1 those in my home This person is referring figuratively to his family by association with where they live. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 9 62 1010 figs-metaphor οὐδεὶς…εὔθετός ἐστιν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 no one…is fit for the kingdom of God Jesus responds with an illustration that is designed to teach this person about what is required to be his disciple. He means that a person is not suitable for the kingdom to God if his past loyalties remain primary, above loyalty to Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain this illustration. Alternate translation, add: “No one can plow straight if they are looking backwards. In the same way, no one will be useful in the kingdom of God if their past loyalties remain primary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 9 62 1011 figs-synecdoche οὐδεὶς ἐπιβαλὼν τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπ’ ἄροτρον 1 No one, having put his hand on a plow Jesus refers figuratively to a person using a plow by describing one part of that activity, guiding the plow with the hand. Alternate translation: “No one who is using a plow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK 9 62 1012 translate-unknown οὐδεὶς ἐπιβαλὼν τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπ’ ἄροτρον 1 No one, having put his hand on a plow A “plow” is a tool that farmers use to break up soil to prepare a field for planting. Plows have sharp, pointed prongs that dig into the soil. They usually have handles that the farmer uses to guide the plow. If your readers would not be familiar with this kind of tool, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “no one who needs to go straight forward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
1TI front intro wy83 ​ 0 # Introduction to 1 Timothy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy<br><br>In this letter, Paul alternates between personal commands to Timothy that empower him to act as his representative and with his authority, and instructions for how followers of Jesus should live in community.<br><br>1. Greetings (1:1-2)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy to tell people not to teach false doctrines (1:3-20)<br>1. Instructions about how to re-establish order and decency in the church (2:1-15)<br>1. Instructions about how to ensure that elders and deacons are properly qualified (3:1-13)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy regarding his own personal conduct (3:14-5:2)<br>1. Instructions to ensure church support for worthy widows (5:3-16) and elders (5:17-20)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy that he must be impartial (5:21-25)<br>1. Instructions to ensure order in master-servant relationships (6:1-2a)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy regarding how he should teach and conduct himself (6:2b-16)<br>1. Instructions for how people who are rich should live (6:17-19)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy to guard what has been entrusted to his care (6:20-21a)<br>1. Closing good wish to the whole church (6:21b)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>A man named Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>Paul may have written other letters to Timothy, but this is the earliest one we still have. That is why it is known as 1 Timothy or First Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote this letter near the end of his life.<br><br>### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?<br><br>Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its customary title, “1 Timothy” or “First Timothy.” Or they may choose a different title, such as “Paul’s First Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is discipleship?<br><br>Discipleship is the process of making people to be disciples of Christ. The goal of discipleship is to encourage other Christians to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ”?<br><br>Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.<br><br>### What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>In [6:5](../06/05.md), most modern versions of the Bible say something equivalent to “considering godliness to be a means of gain.” There is a more traditional reading that adds “withdraw from such things” after that. The ULT text gives the modern reading and puts the more traditional reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
1TI front intro wy83 0 # Introduction to 1 Timothy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy<br><br>In this letter, Paul alternates between personal commands to Timothy that empower him to act as his representative and with his authority, and instructions for how followers of Jesus should live in community.<br><br>1. Greetings (1:1-2)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy to tell people not to teach false doctrines (1:3-20)<br>1. Instructions about how to re-establish order and decency in the church (2:1-15)<br>1. Instructions about how to ensure that elders and deacons are properly qualified (3:1-13)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy regarding his own personal conduct (3:14-5:2)<br>1. Instructions to ensure church support for worthy widows (5:3-16) and elders (5:17-20)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy that he must be impartial (5:21-25)<br>1. Instructions to ensure order in master-servant relationships (6:1-2a)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy regarding how he should teach and conduct himself (6:2b-16)<br>1. Instructions for how people who are rich should live (6:17-19)<br>1. Paul commands Timothy to guard what has been entrusted to his care (6:20-21a)<br>1. Closing good wish to the whole church (6:21b)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>A man named Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>Paul may have written other letters to Timothy, but this is the earliest one we still have. That is why it is known as 1 Timothy or First Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote this letter near the end of his life.<br><br>### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?<br><br>Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its customary title, “1 Timothy” or “First Timothy.” Or they may choose a different title, such as “Paul’s First Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is discipleship?<br><br>Discipleship is the process of making people to be disciples of Christ. The goal of discipleship is to encourage other Christians to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ”?<br><br>Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.<br><br>### What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>In [6:5](../06/05.md), most modern versions of the Bible say something equivalent to “considering godliness to be a means of gain.” There is a more traditional reading that adds “withdraw from such things” after that. The ULT text gives the modern reading and puts the more traditional reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
1TI 1 intro a4v2 0 # 1 Timothy 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual children<br>In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a “son” and his “child.” Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his “son in the faith.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>In this chapter Paul speaks figuratively of people who are not fulfilling the purpose of their faith as if they had "missed the mark" that they were aiming at, as if they had ""turned away" down a wrong path, and as if they had been "shipwrecked." He speaks figuratively of following Jesus faithfully as "fighting the good fight."
1TI 1 1 t101 Παῦλος 1 Paul In this culture, letter writers would give their own names first. Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter, and if it would be helpful to your readers, you could use it here. Immediately after introducing the writer, you might also want to indicate to whom the letter was written. Alternate translation: “I, Paul, am the one writing this letter to you, Timothy.”
1TI 1 1 t102 κατ’ ἐπιταγὴν Θεοῦ 1 by the command of God Alternate translation: “by the authority of God”
1TI 1 1 t103 Θεοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν 1 God our Savior Alternate translation: “God, who saves us”
1TI 1 1 t104 figs-metonymy Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς ἐλπίδος ἡμῶν 1 the Lord Jesus Christ our hope Here “our hope” refers figuratively to the person in whom we have hope. Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, the one in whom we have confidence” or “Christ Jesus, whom we trust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 1 2 t105 figs-metaphor γνησίῳ τέκνῳ 1 a true son Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and son. This shows Paul’s sincere love and approval of Timothy. It is also likely that Paul personally led Timothy to trust in Christ, and that would be another reason why Paul considered him to be like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is truly like a son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 2 t106 χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη 1 Grace, mercy, peace In this culture, letter writers would offer a good wish for the recipient before introducing the main business of the letter. Alternate translation: “I hope you are experiencing God's kindness, mercy, and peace”
1TI 1 2 t106 χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη 1 Grace, mercy, peace In this culture, letter writers would offer a good wish for the recipient before introducing the main business of the letter. Alternate translation: “I hope you are experiencing God's kindness, mercy, and peace”
1TI 1 2 t107 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 God the Father Here “Father” is an important title for God. Alternate translation: “God, who is our Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
1TI 1 2 t108 Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 Christ Jesus our Lord Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, who is our Lord”
1TI 1 3 t109 καθὼς παρεκάλεσά σε 1 As I urged you Alternate translation: “As I told you”
@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 1 7 t129 νομοδιδάσκαλοι 1 teachers of the law Here **law** refers specifically to the law of Moses.
1TI 1 7 t130 μὴ νοοῦντες 1 not understanding Alternate translation: “even though they do not understand” or “and yet they do not understand”
1TI 1 7 t131 figs-doublenegatives μὴ…μήτε…μήτε 1 not…either…or Paul uses a double negative in Greek for emphasis here, “not…neither…nor.” The second negative (“neither…nor”) does not cancel the first negative (“not”) to create a positive meaning. If your language uses double negatives for emphasis that do not cancel one another, it would be appropriate to use that construction here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1TI 1 7 t132 figs-parallelism what they are saying or about which they make confident affirmations 1 ἃ λέγουσιν, μήτε περὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται These two phrases mean similar things. Paul uses the repetition for emphasis. You do not need to put both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “the things that they say so confidently are true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1TI 1 7 t132 figs-parallelism what they are saying or about which they make confident affirmations 1 ἃ λέγουσιν, μήτε περὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται These two phrases mean similar things. Paul uses the repetition for emphasis. You do not need to put both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “the things that they say so confidently are true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1TI 1 8 t133 οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι καλὸς ὁ νόμος 1 we know that the law is good Alternate translation: “we understand that the law is useful” or “we understand that the law is beneficial”
1TI 1 8 t134 figs-inclusive οἴδαμεν 1 we know In this letter, Paul uses the words **we**, **us,** and **our** to refer either to Timothy and himself, or else to all believers, which would also include the two of them. So generally these words include the addressee. A note will discuss the one possible exception in [4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
1TI 1 8 t135 ἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται 1 if one uses it lawfully Alternate translation: “if a person uses it correctly” or “if a person uses it the way God intended”
1TI 1 9 t136 εἰδὼς τοῦτο 1 knowing this Alternate translation: “We also know this”
1TI 1 9 t137 figs-activepassive δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται 1 the law is not made for the righteous If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “God did not make the law for people who are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 9 t138 figs-nominaladj δικαίῳ 1 the righteous Paul is using this adjective as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 1 9 t139 figs-nominaladj ἀνόμοις δὲ καὶ ἀνυποτάκτοις, ἀσεβέσι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, ἀνοσίοις καὶ βεβήλοις 1 the lawless and the rebellious, the ungodly and the sinful, the godless and the profane Paul is also using these adjectives as nouns, to refer to the classes of people that they describe. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate each of these adjectives with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who break the law, people who defy authority, people who do not honor God, people who commit sins, people who live as if God did not matter, people who live as if nothing was sacred” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj\]\])
1TI 1 9 t141 πατρολῴαις καὶ μητρολῴαις, ἀνδροφόνοις 1 father-killers and mother-killers, man-slayers In this list Paul uses several compound words to express his meaning concisely and vividly. In each case the first term in the compound, a noun, is the object of the second term in the compound, a verb. Three of theses compound words are in this verse, and two more are in the next verse. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate them either with single terms or with phrases. Alternate translation: “patricides and matricides, murders” or “people who kill other people, even their own fathers and mothers”
1TI 1 9 t139 figs-nominaladj ἀνόμοις δὲ καὶ ἀνυποτάκτοις, ἀσεβέσι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, ἀνοσίοις καὶ βεβήλοις 1 the lawless and the rebellious, the ungodly and the sinful, the godless and the profane Paul is also using these adjectives as nouns, to refer to the classes of people that they describe. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate each of these adjectives with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who break the law, people who defy authority, people who do not honor God, people who commit sins, people who live as if God did not matter, people who live as if nothing was sacred” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj\]\])
1TI 1 9 t141 πατρολῴαις καὶ μητρολῴαις, ἀνδροφόνοις 1 father-killers and mother-killers, man-slayers In this list Paul uses several compound words to express his meaning concisely and vividly. In each case the first term in the compound, a noun, is the object of the second term in the compound, a verb. Three of theses compound words are in this verse, and two more are in the next verse. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate them either with single terms or with phrases. Alternate translation: “patricides and matricides, murders” or “people who kill other people, even their own fathers and mothers”
1TI 1 9 t142 figs-gendernotations ἀνδροφόνοις 1 man-slayers Paul uses the term **man** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “murderers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 1 10 t143 figs-nominaladj πόρνοις 1 the immoral Paul is using this adjective as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who have sexual relations outside of marriage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 1 10 t144 figs-idiom ἀρσενοκοίταις 1 male-liers This is the fourth compound word on the list. The term “lie” figuratively means to have sexual relations. Alternate translation: “men who have sexual relations with other males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 1 10 t147 τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 healthy teaching This means not that the teaching is in good health, but that it is health-giving or life-giving. Alternate translation: “true teaching”
1TI 1 11 t148 τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ 1 to the gospel of glory of the blessed God This could mean one of two things. Alternate translation: “the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God” or “the glorious gospel about the blessed God”
1TI 1 11 t149 figs-activepassive ὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγώ 1 with which I have been entrusted If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “which God gave me and made me responsible for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 12 t150 χάριν ἔχω 1 I have gratitude to Alternate translation: “I thank”
1TI 1 12 t150 χάριν ἔχω 1 I have gratitude to Alternate translation: “I thank”
1TI 1 12 t151 πιστόν με ἡγήσατο 1 he considered me trustworthy Alternate translation: “he believed that he could rely on me”
1TI 1 12 t152 figs-metaphor θέμενος εἰς διακονίαν 1 placing me into service Paul speaks of the task of serving God as if it were a location that one could be placed in. Alternate translation: “he assigned me to serve him” or “he appointed me as his servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 13 t153 figs-explicit ὄντα βλάσφημον 1 being a blasphemer Paul is referring to his character before he was a Christian. The implication is that he is referring to the way that he said people should not believe in Jesus as the Messiah. Alternate translation: “I was a person who said wrong things about Jesus.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 1 14 t159 figs-metaphor ὑπερεπλεόνασεν…ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 the grace of our Lord overflowed Paul speaks of the grace of Jesus as if it were a liquid that fills a container until it flows over the top. Alternate translation: “Jesus showed me unlimited grace” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 1 14 t160 figs-idiom μετὰ πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus This could mean one of two things. (1) Paul could be referring to the faith and love that Jesus himself possesses and saying that these were the basis of the mercy that Jesus showed him. Alternate translation: “because he believed in me and loved me” (2) Paul could also be referring to faith and love that he received from Jesus when he became **in** him, which would mean figuratively “in relationship with” him. Alternate translation: “and enabled me to trust him and love him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 1 15 t161 πιστὸς ὁ λόγος 1 This word is trustworthy In this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. Alternate translation: “This statement is dependable”
1TI 1 15 t162 καὶ πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος 1 and worthy of all acceptance Alternate translation: “and we should believe it without any doubt” or “and we should have full confidence in it”
1TI 1 15 t162 καὶ πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος 1 and worthy of all acceptance Alternate translation: “and we should believe it without any doubt” or “and we should have full confidence in it”
1TI 1 15 t163 figs-quotemarks ὅτι 1 Paul uses this term to introduce a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers if you indicate this by setting off the words that follow, “Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners,” with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language may use to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
1TI 1 15 t164 ὧν πρῶτός εἰμι ἐγώ 1 of whom I am the first Here the term **first** has the sense of the superlative example of a class, in this case a negative class. Alternate translation: “and I am the worst one of all”
1TI 1 15 t164 ὧν πρῶτός εἰμι ἐγώ 1 of whom I am the first Here the term **first** has the sense of the superlative example of a class, in this case a negative class. Alternate translation: “and I am the worst one of all”
1TI 1 16 t165 figs-activepassive ἠλεήθην 1 I was shown mercy If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “Jesus had mercy on me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 16 t166 ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ 1 so that in me, the first Alternate translation: “so that through me, the worst sinner of all”
1TI 1 17 t167 δὲ 1 Now Paul uses this word to introduce a different kind of material within this letter. He is about to speak a blessing to and about God in the midst of his commands and instructions to Timothy.
@ -73,26 +73,26 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 1 18 t172 κατὰ τὰς προαγούσας ἐπὶ σὲ προφητείας 1 in accordance with the earlier prophecies about you If it would be clearer in your language, you could say who did this action. Alternate translation: “in agreement with what other believers prophesied about you”
1TI 1 18 t173 figs-metaphor στρατεύῃ…τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν 1 fight the good fight Paul speaks figuratively about Timothy doing his best for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “continue to do your best on behalf of the Lord” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 1 19 t174 ἀγαθὴν συνείδησιν 1 a good conscience See how you translated this in [1:5](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “a conscience that leads a person to choose right instead of wrong”
1TI 1 19 t175 figs-metaphor τινες… περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν 1 have shipwrecked regarding the faith Paul speaks figuratively of these people as if they were a ship that had sunk. He means that these people no longer believe in Jesus and live as his followers. You could use this same figure, or a similar one from your culture, if your readers would understand it. Otherwise, you could say as an alternative translation, “no longer believe in Jesus” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 1 19 t175 figs-metaphor τινες… περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν 1 have shipwrecked regarding the faith Paul speaks figuratively of these people as if they were a ship that had sunk. He means that these people no longer believe in Jesus and live as his followers. You could use this same figure, or a similar one from your culture, if your readers would understand it. Otherwise, you could say as an alternative translation, “no longer believe in Jesus” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 1 20 t176 translate-names Ὑμέναιος…Ἀλέξανδρος 1 Hymenaeus…Alexander These are names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1TI 1 20 t177 figs-metaphor οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ 1 whom I have given over to Satan Paul speaks as if he physically handed these men to Satan. This probably means that Paul expelled them from the community of believers. Since they are no longer a part of the community, Satan has access to them and can harm them. Alternate translation: “I have allowed Satan to make them suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 20 t178 figs-activepassive ἵνα  παιδευθῶσι 1 so that they may be taught If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “so that God may teach them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 20 t178 figs-activepassive ἵνα παιδευθῶσι 1 so that they may be taught If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “so that God may teach them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 intro c6rf 0 # 1 Timothy 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Peace<br>Paul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way.<br><br>### Women in the church<br><br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe that God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Other scholars believe that God wants women to use the gifts He gives them on an equal basis with men. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
1TI 2 1 t179 figs-idiom πρῶτον πάντων 1 first of all As in [1:15](../01/32.md), the term **first** figuratively means the superlative example of a class. Alternate translation: “most importantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 2 1 t180 παρακαλῶ 1 I urge Alternate translation: “I encourage” or “I ask”
1TI 2 1 t181 figs-activepassive ποιεῖσθαι δεήσεις, προσευχάς, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίας 1 for requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings to be made If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “I urge all believers to make requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 1 t183 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 2 2 t184 figs-doublet ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον 1 a peaceful and quiet life The terms **peaceful** and **quiet** mean the same thing. Paul uses them together for emphasis. He wants all believers to be able to live their lives without having trouble with the authorities. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “an undisturbed life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 2 2 t185 ​figs-abstractnouns ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ σεμνότητι 1 in all godliness and dignity If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the idea behind the abstract nouns **godliness **and **dignity** with phrases that use verbs such as "honor and "respect." Alternate translation: “that honors God and that other people will respect” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
1TI 2 3 t186 figs-doublet καλὸν καὶ ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον…Θεοῦ 1 good and acceptable before God The terms **good** and **acceptable** mean similar things. Paul may be using them together for emphasis. If you think that having both terms in your translation might be confusing for your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “very pleasing to God” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 2 2 t185 figs-abstractnouns ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ σεμνότητι 1 in all godliness and dignity If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the idea behind the abstract nouns **godliness **and **dignity** with phrases that use verbs such as "honor and "respect." Alternate translation: “that honors God and that other people will respect” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
1TI 2 3 t186 figs-doublet καλὸν καὶ ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον…Θεοῦ 1 good and acceptable before God The terms **good** and **acceptable** mean similar things. Paul may be using them together for emphasis. If you think that having both terms in your translation might be confusing for your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “very pleasing to God” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 2 4 t187 figs-activepassive ὃς θέλει σωθῆναι 1 who desires all men to be saved If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “who wants to save everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 4 t188 figs-gendernotations πάντας ἀνθρώπους 1 all men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 2 4 t189 figs-metaphor εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν 1 to come to the knowledge of the truth Paul speaks of learning the truth about God as if it were a place where people could come. Alternate translation: “to know and accept what is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 2 5 t190 translate-unknown εἷς…μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων 1 one mediator of God and of men A mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement between two parties who disagree with each other. Alternate translation: “one person who brings about reconciliation between God and people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1TI 2 5 t191 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 2 5 t192 figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπος Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς 1 the man Christ Jesus Paul is likely using the term **man** in a generic sense to refer to the humanity of Jesus. Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, who was human himself” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations\]\])
1TI 2 5 t192 figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπος Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς 1 the man Christ Jesus Paul is likely using the term **man** in a generic sense to refer to the humanity of Jesus. Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, who was human himself” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations\]\])
1TI 2 6 t193 δοὺς ἑαυτὸν 1 gave himself Alternate translation: “sacrificed himself” or “died willingly”
1TI 2 6 t194 ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων 1 as a ransom for all Alternate translation: “as the price of freedom for everyone”
1TI 2 6 t194 ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων 1 as a ransom for all Alternate translation: “as the price of freedom for everyone”
1TI 2 6 t195 figs-explicit τὸ μαρτύριον 1 the testimony If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make it explicit that this demonstrated specifically that God wants to save all people. Alternate translation: “as the proof … that God wants to save all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 2 6 t196 figs-idiom καιροῖς ἰδίοις 1 in its own times This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “at the time that God had chosen” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom\]\])
1TI 2 7 t197 εἰς ὃ 1 for which Alternate translation: “of this testimony”
@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 2 7 t201 figs-hendiadys διδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 a teacher of the nations in faith and truth If this phrase has the second meaning that the previous note discusses, Paul may be using the two terms **faith** and **truth** together to express one idea. Alternate translation: “I teach the Gentiles about the true faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 2 7 t202 ἐθνῶν 1 the nations This term refers to members of other people groups who are not Jewish. Alternate translation: “the Gentiles” or “non-Jewish people groups”
1TI 2 8 t203 figs-gendernotations τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ 1 the men in every place Here the word **men** refers specifically to males. The term is not generic, since Paul addresses women next. Alternate translation: “the males in all places” or “men everywhere” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations\]\])
1TI 2 8 t204 figs-symaction προσεύχεσθαι…ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας 1 to pray, lifting up holy hands It was the customary posture in this culture for people to raise their hands while praying. You could translate this in a way that would make that clear. Alternate translation: “when they lift up their hands reverently to pray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-symaction]])
1TI 2 8 t204 translate-symaction προσεύχεσθαι…ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας 1 to pray, lifting up holy hands It was the customary posture in this culture for people to raise their hands while praying. You could translate this in a way that would make that clear. Alternate translation: “when they lift up their hands reverently to pray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1TI 2 8 t205 figs-synecdoche προσεύχεσθαι…ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας 1 to pray, lifting up holy hands Paul describes one part of the person, the **hands**, as holy to indicate that the entire person is to be holy. Alternate translation: “lifting up their hands to pray in holiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1TI 2 8 t206 figs-hendiadys χωρὶς ὀργῆς καὶ διαλογισμοῦ 1 without anger and argument Here Paul expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and.** The word **anger** tells what kind of **argument** the men should avoid. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “without angry arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 2 8 t206 figs-hendiadys χωρὶς ὀργῆς καὶ διαλογισμοῦ 1 without anger and argument Here Paul expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and.** The word **anger** tells what kind of **argument** the men should avoid. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “without angry arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 2 9 t207 figs-ellipsis ὡσαύτως 1 likewise Here Paul leaves out some of the words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. Alternate translation: “In the same way, I also want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 2 9 t209 translate-unknown μὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν 1 not in braided hair During this time, many Roman women braided their hair lavishly to try to make themselves attractive. If your readers would not be familiar with the practice of braiding hair, you could express this idea in a more general way. Alternate translation: “They should not have fancy hairstyles” or “They should not have elaborate hairstyles that attract attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1TI 2 9 t210 figs-synecdoche μὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν 1 not in braided hair Paul mentions **braided hair** as one way a woman could give undue attention to her hair. Alternate translation: “They should not have fancy hairstyles” or “They should not have elaborate hairstyles that attract attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 2 11 t213 figs-idiom ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ 1 in quietness Paul may be saying that he wants the women to listen, rather than to speak. Alternate translation: “by listening”
1TI 2 11 t214 ἐν πάσῃ ὑποταγῇ 1 in all submission Alternate translation: “and submit to what is taught”
1TI 2 12 t215 γυναικὶ οὐκ ἐπιτρέπω 1 I do not permit a woman Alternate translation: “I do not allow a woman”
1TI 2 12 t216 εἶναι ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ 1 to be in quietness As in [2:11](../02/11.md), Paul could be saying that he wants the women to listen, rather than to speak. Alternate translation: “she should listen”
1TI 2 12 t216 εἶναι ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ 1 to be in quietness As in [2:11](../02/11.md), Paul could be saying that he wants the women to listen, rather than to speak. Alternate translation: “she should listen”
1TI 2 13 t217 figs-activepassive Ἀδὰμ…πρῶτος ἐπλάσθη 1 Adam was formed first If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “God created Adam first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 13 t218 figs-ellipsis εἶτα Εὕα 1 then Eve Here Paul leaves out some of the words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. Alternate translation: “and then God created Eve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 2 14 t219 figs-activepassive Ἀδὰμ οὐκ ἠπατήθη 1 Adam was not deceived If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “Adam was not the one the serpent deceived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 14 t220 figs-activepassive ἡ δὲ γυνὴ ἐξαπατηθεῖσα, ἐν παραβάσει γέγονεν 1 but the woman, having been deceived, came into transgression If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “but it was the woman who disobeyed God when the serpent deceived her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 14 t221 figs-abstractnouns παραβάσει 1 transgression If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the ideas behind the abstract noun **transgression** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “disobeyed God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 2 15 t222 σωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 she will be saved through child-bearing Here **she** likely refers to Eve in the preceding verse, whom Paul describes as "the woman." **They **later in the sentence refers to women in general. To show how Paul shifts the topic from Eve, a representative woman, to all women, the word **she **could be translated her as **women**.
1TI 2 15 y6v8 ​σωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 ​she will be saved through child-bearing This could mean one of two things. (1) In this context, the term **saved **may have a specific meaning. Paul could be saying that God will keep women physically safe as they give birth to children. (2) **Child-bearing **could also be a reference to the birth of Jesus as a human child to be the Savior. Alternate translation: (1) “God will keep women safe during childbirth” or  (2) “God will save women through Jesus, who was born as a child”
1TI 2 15 t222 σωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 she will be saved through child-bearing Here **she** likely refers to Eve in the preceding verse, whom Paul describes as "the woman." **They **later in the sentence refers to women in general. To show how Paul shifts the topic from Eve, a representative woman, to all women, the word **she **could be translated her as **women**.
1TI 2 15 y6v8 σωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 she will be saved through child-bearing This could mean one of two things. (1) In this context, the term **saved **may have a specific meaning. Paul could be saying that God will keep women physically safe as they give birth to children. (2) **Child-bearing **could also be a reference to the birth of Jesus as a human child to be the Savior. Alternate translation: (1) “God will keep women safe during childbirth” or (2) “God will save women through Jesus, who was born as a child”
1TI 2 15 t223 figs-activepassive σωθήσεται 1 she will be saved If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “God will keep women safe” or “God will save women” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive\]\])
1TI 2 15 t224 ἐὰν μείνωσιν 1 if they remain Here **they** refers to women. It is not clear why Paul switches from the singular to the plural. Alternate translation: “if women continue living.”
1TI 2 15 t225 figs-abstractnouns ἐν πίστει, καὶ ἀγάπῃ, καὶ ἁγιασμῷ 1 in faith and love and holiness If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the ideas behind the abstract nouns **faith**, **love**, and **holiness** with verbs. Alternate translation: “trusting Jesus, loving others, and living a holy life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -128,26 +128,26 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 3 1 t227 πιστὸς ὁ λόγος 1 This word is trustworthy As in [1:15](../01/15.md), in this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. Alternate translation: “This statement is dependable”
1TI 3 1 t228 figs-quotemarks πιστὸς ὁ λόγος 1 This word is trustworthy Paul uses this phrase to introduce a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers if you indicate this by setting off the words that follow in the rest of the verse with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language may use to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
1TI 3 1 t229 translate-unknown ἐπισκοπῆς 1 overseer This term describes a leader of the early Christian church whose work was to take care of the spiritual needs of believers and make sure that they received accurate biblical teaching. Alternate translation: “spiritual leader” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1TI 3 1 t230 ​ καλοῦ ἔργου 1 a good work Alternate translation: “an honorable task” or “an honorable role”
1TI 3 1 t230 καλοῦ ἔργου 1 a good work Alternate translation: “an honorable task” or “an honorable role”
1TI 3 2 t231 μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα 1 a husband of one wife This could mean one of two things. (1) Paul could be saying that an overseer cannot be married to more than one woman. If so, it is not clear whether this would exclude men who have remarried after being widowed or divorced. It is also not clear whether Paul is saying that an overseer must be married, in which case this would exclude unmarried men who were single, widowed, or divorced. Alternate translation: “not married to more than one woman” (2) This could also be an idiom that means the overseer must always have been faithful to his wife. Alternate translation: “faithful to his wife”
1TI 3 2 t232 δεῖ…εἶναι…νηφάλιον, σώφρονα, κόσμιον, φιλόξενον 1 must be…sober, self-controlled, orderly, hospitable Alternate translation: “He must not do anything to excess, he must be reasonable and behave well, and he must be welcoming to strangers”
1TI 3 3 t233 μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, ἀλλὰ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον 1 not a drunkard, not a brawler, but gentle, peaceful Alternate translation: “He must not drink alcohol to excess, and he must not fight and argue. Instead, he must be gentle and peaceful”
1TI 3 3 t234 figs-metaphor ἀφιλάργυρον 1 not money-loving If the expression **loving **money would not convey the idea of something inappropriate in your language, it might be helpful to use a term that expresses the idea of "greed." Alternate translation: “not greedy for money” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 3 3 t234 figs-metaphor ἀφιλάργυρον 1 not money-loving If the expression **loving **money would not convey the idea of something inappropriate in your language, it might be helpful to use a term that expresses the idea of "greed." Alternate translation: “not greedy for money” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 3 4 t235 προϊστάμενον 1 managing Alternate translation: “He should lead” or “He should take care of”
1TI 3 4 t236 ἐν ὑποταγῇ μετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος 1 in obedience with all honor This could mean one of several things. (1) The overseer’s children should obey their father and show respect to him. Alternate translation: “who obey him completely respectfully” (2) The overseer’s children should show respect to everyone. Alternate translation: “who obey him and show respect to others” (3) The overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them. Alternate translation: “who obey him as he treats them with respect”
1TI 3 4 t236 ἐν ὑποταγῇ μετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος 1 in obedience with all honor This could mean one of several things. (1) The overseer’s children should obey their father and show respect to him. Alternate translation: “who obey him completely respectfully” (2) The overseer’s children should show respect to everyone. Alternate translation: “who obey him and show respect to others” (3) The overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them. Alternate translation: “who obey him as he treats them with respect”
1TI 3 5 t237 figs-rquestion εἰ δέ τις τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου προστῆναι οὐκ οἶδεν πῶς ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ ἐπιμελήσεται? 1 for if someone does not know how to manage his own household, how will he take care of the church of God? Paul is making a statement, not actually asking a question. He does not expect Timothy to explain how a man who could not manage his own household could take care of God’s church. Instead, Paul is using the question form to emphasize how important it is for an overseer to demonstrate faithfulness in his personal life before assuming a leadership role in the church. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could translate these words as a statement. Alternate translation: “After all, a man who is not able to manage his own household will certainly not be able to take care of the church of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1TI 3 5 t238 figs-metonymy ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ 1 the church of God Here the term **church** refers to a local group of God’s people, by association to the way they have gathered together. Alternate translation: “a group of God’s people” or “a local gathering of believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 3 6 t239 μὴ νεόφυτον 1 not a new convert Alternate translation: “He should not be still just learning the faith” or “He must be mature from a long, steady growth in the faith”
1TI 3 6 t240 figs-explicit τυφωθεὶς 1 puffed up Paul is warning that a new convert might become excessively proud if he were given an important leadership position right away. He is describing being proud figuratively as if it would make a person swell in size. Alternate translation: “become too proud” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 3 6 t241 figs-metaphor τυφωθεὶς 1 puffed up Paul describes being proud figuratively as if it made a person swell in size. Alternate translation: “become too proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 6 t242 figs-metaphor ἵνα μὴ…εἰς κρίμα ἐμπέσῃ τοῦ διαβόλου 1 so that he may not fall…into the judgment of the devil Paul describes the experience of being condemned for having done wrong as like falling into a hole. Alternate translation: “and have God condemn him as he condemned the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 6 t242 figs-metaphor ἵνα μὴ…εἰς κρίμα ἐμπέσῃ τοῦ διαβόλου 1 so that he may not fall…into the judgment of the devil Paul describes the experience of being condemned for having done wrong as like falling into a hole. Alternate translation: “and have God condemn him as he condemned the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 7 t243 figs-metaphor τῶν ἔξωθεν 1 those outside Paul speaks of the church figuratively as though it were a place and unbelievers were physically outside of it. Alternate translation: “those who are not believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 7 t244 figs-metaphor μὴ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν ἐμπέσῃ 1 so that he may not fall into disgrace Paul speaks of disgrace figuratively as if it were a hole that a person could fall into. Alternate translation: “so that he does not do anything that would make him ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 7 t245 figs-metaphor παγίδα τοῦ διαβόλου 1 the trap of the devil Paul speaks of the devil tempting someone to sin as if it were a trap that could catch a person. Alternate translation: “so that the devil is not able to tempt him to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 8 t246 διακόνους ὡσαύτως 1 Likewise deacons Alternate translation: “Deacons, just like overseers”
1TI 3 8 t247 figs-metaphor μὴ διλόγους 1 not double-talkers Paul speaks figuratively about some people as if they could say two things at once. Alternate translation: “they should not say one thing but mean something else” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 3 9 t248 figs-metaphor ἔχοντας 1 holding Paul speaks of true teaching about God as if it were an object that a person could hold. Alternate translation: “They must continue to believe” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 3 9 t249 figs-abstractnouns τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως 1 the mystery of the faith Paul uses the abstract noun **mystery** to refer to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was then revealing at that moment. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind this term with a verb such as “reveal.” Alternate translation: “to believe what God has now revealed” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
1TI 3 9 t249 figs-abstractnouns τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως 1 the mystery of the faith Paul uses the abstract noun **mystery** to refer to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was then revealing at that moment. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind this term with a verb such as “reveal.” Alternate translation: “to believe what God has now revealed” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
1TI 3 9 t250 figs-metaphor ἐν καθαρᾷ συνειδήσει 1 with a clean conscience Paul speaks figuratively of a person’s sense of right and wrong being **clean** if it assures that person that he has done no wrong. Alternate translation: “knowing that they are not doing anything wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 10 t251 figs-activepassive οὗτοι…δοκιμαζέσθωσαν πρῶτον 1 let them…be tested first If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would the action. Alternate translation: “Other believers should test and approve of them first” or “They should first prove themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 11 t252 γυναῖκας 1 the women This could mean one of two things. (1) Alternate translation: “deacons’ wives” (2) Alternate translation: “female deacons”
@ -157,10 +157,10 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 3 12 t256 μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρες 1 husbands of one wife See how you translated this in [3:2](../03/02.md). Review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translations: (1) “not married to more than one woman” or (2) “faithful to their wives”
1TI 3 12 t257 τέκνων καλῶς προϊστάμενοι καὶ τῶν ἰδίων οἴκων 1 managing their own children and households well Alternate translation: “taking proper care of their children and their personal affairs”
1TI 3 13 t258 grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 For Paul uses this word to introduce what the results will be if people with the qualifications he has just described are chosen as church leaders. Alternate translation: “After all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
1TI 3 13 t259 οἱ…καλῶς διακονήσαντες 1 those having served well This could refer either to deacons, whom Paul has just discussed, or to overseers as well, as a conclusion to Paul’s entire discussion of church leaders. Alternate translation: “deacons who serve well” or “church leaders who serve well”
1TI 3 13 t259 οἱ…καλῶς διακονήσαντες 1 those having served well This could refer either to deacons, whom Paul has just discussed, or to overseers as well, as a conclusion to Paul’s entire discussion of church leaders. Alternate translation: “deacons who serve well” or “church leaders who serve well”
1TI 3 13 t260 βαθμὸν…καλὸν 1 a good standing This could mean one of two things. Alternate translation: (1) “an honorable position” or (2) “a good reputation”
1TI 3 13 t261 καὶ πολλὴν παρρησίαν ἐν πίστει τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 much confidence in the faith that is in Christ Jesus This could mean one of two things. Alternate translation: (1) “and they will trust in Jesus with even more confidence” or (2) “and they will speak more confidently to other people about believing in Jesus”
1TI 3 14 t262 figs-idiom ἐν τάχει 1 in quickness This expression describes Paul’s haste and urgency. Alternate translation: “as soon as I can” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 3 14 t262 figs-idiom ἐν τάχει 1 in quickness This expression describes Paul’s haste and urgency. Alternate translation: “as soon as I can” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 3 15 t263 ἐὰν δὲ βραδύνω 1 but if I delay This does not imply that Paul might choose to take his time rather than hurrying. Alternate translation: “But in case I cannot get there soon” or “But if something prevents me from getting there soon”
1TI 3 15 t264 figs-metaphor ἵνα εἰδῇς πῶς δεῖ ἐν οἴκῳ Θεοῦ ἀναστρέφεσθαι 1 so that you may know how one ought to behave in the household of God Paul speaks of the group of believers figuratively as if they were a family. Possible meanings are (1) Paul is referring only to Timothy’s behavior in the church. Alternate translation: “so that you may know how to conduct yourself as a member of God’s family” or (2) Paul is referring to the believers in general. Alternate translation: “so that you all may know how to conduct yourselves as members of God’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 15 t265 figs-distinguish οἴκῳ Θεοῦ…ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 the household of God, which is the church of the living God This phrase gives us further information about **the household of God**. It is not making a distinction between a household of God that is the church and one that is not the church. Alternate translation: “household of God, by which I mean the community of people who believe in the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 4 intro b39h 0 # 1 Timothy 04 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>Paul speaks in [4:14](./14.md) of prophecy. Prophecy means generally a message that God communicates to believers through a person to whom He has given a special gift of conveying these messages. The specific prophecy Paul describes revealed how Timothy would become a gifted leader of the church. (See: \[\[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet\]\])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Cultural practices<br><br>In verse 14 Paul speaks of church leaders placing their hands on Timothy. That was one way of indicating publicly that a person was being placed in a leadership position in the church.<br><br>### Variation in names<br><br>In this chapter Paul speaks of church leaders called “elders.” They seem to be the same kind of leaders that he calls “overseers” in chapter 3.
1TI 4 1 t281 δὲ 1 Now Paul uses this word to introduce background information that will help Timothy and the believers in Ephesus understand the next part of his letter. The false teachings that Timothy must oppose are something that the Spirit has already predicted. You can translate the term with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance.
1TI 4 1 t282 figs-idiom ἐν ὑστέροις καιροῖς 1 in later times This expression refers to the time when God’s purposes in history are approaching their culmination and so the evil opposition to them increases. Alternate translation: “as God’s purposes advance” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom\]\])
1TI 4 1 t283 figs-metaphor ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως 1 some will leave the faith Paul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leaving a place. Alternate translation: “some people will stop trusting in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 1 t283 figs-metaphor ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως 1 some will leave the faith Paul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leaving a place. Alternate translation: “some people will stop trusting in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 1 t284 προσέχοντες 1 attending to Alternate translation: “and turn their attention to” or “because they are paying attention to”
1TI 4 1 t285 figs-doublet πνεύμασι πλάνοις καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμονίων 1 deceiving spirits and teachings of demons These two phrases mean similar things. Paul may be using them together for emphasis. If you think having both phrases in your translation might be confusing for your readers, you could combine them into a single expression. Alternate translation: “the things that evil spirits say to trick people” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 4 2 t286 ἐν ὑποκρίσει ψευδολόγων 1 in false-speaking hypocrisy If it would be clearer in your language, you could start a separate sentence here. Alternate translation: “These people will be hypocrites, and they will tell lies”
@ -192,27 +192,27 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 4 3 t290 figs-explicit κωλυόντων γαμεῖν 1 forbidding to marry The implication is that these false teachers will forbid believers to marry. Alternate translation: “These people will forbid believers to marry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 3 t291 figs-ellipsis ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων 1 to abstain from foods Here Paul leaves out some of the words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. He does not mean that these false teachers will forbid believers to abstain from certain foods, but that they will require them to do that. In other words, the meaning of **forbidding** does not carry forward from the previous clause, rather, the meaning of “requiring” should be supplied. Alternate translation: “they will forbid believers to eat certain foods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 4 3 t292 figs-explicit ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων 1 to abstain from foods The implication is that these false teachers will forbid only certain foods, and that they will impose this restriction on believers. Alternate translation: “they will forbid believers to eat certain foods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 3 t293 figs-doublet τοῖς πιστοῖς καὶ ἐπεγνωκόσι τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 the faithful and the ones knowing the truth These two expressions mean the same thing. Paul uses them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “genuine believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 4 3 t294 figs-nominaladj τοῖς πιστοῖς 1 the faithful Paul is using this adjective as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who believe in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 4 3 t295 figs-nominaladj ἐπεγνωκόσι τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 the ones knowing the truth Paul is using this participle, which functions as an adjective, as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who understand the truth about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 4 3 t293 figs-doublet τοῖς πιστοῖς καὶ ἐπεγνωκόσι τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 the faithful and the ones knowing the truth These two expressions mean the same thing. Paul uses them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “genuine believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 4 3 t294 figs-nominaladj τοῖς πιστοῖς 1 the faithful Paul is using this adjective as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who believe in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 4 3 t295 figs-nominaladj ἐπεγνωκόσι τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 the ones knowing the truth Paul is using this participle, which functions as an adjective, as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who understand the truth about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 4 4 t296 figs-distinguish πᾶν κτίσμα Θεοῦ καλόν 1 every creature of God is good If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the expression **creature of God** with a relative clause. Alternate translation: “everything that God created is good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
1TI 4 4 t297 figs-activepassive οὐδὲν ἀπόβλητον μετὰ εὐχαριστίας λαμβανόμενον 1 nothing being received with thanksgiving is vile If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would the action. Alternate translation: “We are free to eat anything that we can thank God for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 5 t298 figs-activepassive ἁγιάζεται 1 it is sanctified If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “it becomes holy” or “it is suitable to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 5 t299 figs-metonymy διὰ λόγου Θεοῦ 1 by the word of God In this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. It refers to the pronouncement that God made that everything he created was **good**. Alternate translation: “because of what God said about it” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
1TI 4 5 t300 figs-explicit καὶ ἐντεύξεως 1 and prayer In context, the implication is that this refers to prayers of thanksgiving to God for food. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and because of the thanks people offer to God for it in prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 5 t299 figs-metonymy διὰ λόγου Θεοῦ 1 by the word of God In this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. It refers to the pronouncement that God made that everything he created was **good**. Alternate translation: “because of what God said about it” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
1TI 4 5 t300 figs-explicit καὶ ἐντεύξεως 1 and prayer In context, the implication is that this refers to prayers of thanksgiving to God for food. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and because of the thanks people offer to God for it in prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 6 t301 figs-metaphor ταῦτα ὑποτιθέμενος τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 Placing these things before the brothers Paul speaks of his instructions as if they were objects that could be physically placed in front of the other believers. Alternate translation: “If you help the believers remember these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 6 t302 ταῦτα 1 these things This refers to the teaching that began in [3:16](../03/16.md).
1TI 4 6 t303 figs-gendernotations τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 the brothers Paul is using the term **brothers** in a generic sense that includes men and women. Alternate translation: “the brothers and sisters” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations\]\])
1TI 4 6 uyeb figs-metaphor ​τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 ​the brothers ​This term figuratively means a fellow believer in Jesus. Alternative translation: "your fellow believers" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 4 6 t303 figs-gendernotations τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 the brothers Paul is using the term **brothers** in a generic sense that includes men and women. Alternate translation: “the brothers and sisters” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations\]\])
1TI 4 6 uyeb figs-metaphor τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 the brothers This term figuratively means a fellow believer in Jesus. Alternative translation: "your fellow believers" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 4 6 t304 figs-activepassive ἐντρεφόμενος τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας ᾗ παρηκολούθηκας 1 being nourished by the words of the faith and of the good teaching that you have followed If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say what is doing the action. Alternate translation: “the statements of what we believe, expessed in proper teaching, are causing you to trust more strongly in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 6 t305 figs-metaphor ἐντρεφόμενος τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας ᾗ παρηκολούθηκας 1 being nourished by the words of the faith and of the good teaching that you have followed Paul speaks of these statements and teachings as if they could physically feed Timothy and make him strong. Alternate translation: “the statements of what we believe, expessed in proper teaching, are causing you to trust more strongly in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 6 t306 figs-metonymy τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας 1 the words of the faith and of the good teaching Paul uses the term **words** figuratively to describe the statements of belief and the teachings that explain them, both expressed in words. Alternate translation: “the statements of what we believe, expessed in proper teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 4 7 t308 τοὺς…βεβήλους καὶ γραώδεις μύθους 1 profane and old-womanish fables See how you translated **fables** in [1:4](../01/of.md) and **profane** in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “foolish, made-up stories in which nothing is sacred”
1TI 4 7 t309 figs-idiom τοὺς…γραώδεις μύθους 1 old-womanish fables The term **old-womanish** is an idiom that means “silly” or “foolish.” Paul tells Timothy in [5:2](../05/02.md) that he should respect older women as mothers, so Paul’s expression here should be recognized as idiomatic rather than disrespectful. Your language may have a similar expression. Alternate translation: “old wives’ tales” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 4 7 t308 τοὺς…βεβήλους καὶ γραώδεις μύθους 1 profane and old-womanish fables See how you translated **fables** in [1:4](../01/of.md) and **profane** in [1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “foolish, made-up stories in which nothing is sacred”
1TI 4 7 t309 figs-idiom τοὺς…γραώδεις μύθους 1 old-womanish fables The term **old-womanish** is an idiom that means “silly” or “foolish.” Paul tells Timothy in [5:2](../05/02.md) that he should respect older women as mothers, so Paul’s expression here should be recognized as idiomatic rather than disrespectful. Your language may have a similar expression. Alternate translation: “old wives’ tales” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 4 7 t310 figs-metaphor γύμναζε…σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν 1 train yourself for godliness Paul tells Timothy figuratively to work to develop godly character as if he were an athlete improving his physical conditioning. Alternate translation: “diligently practice acting in ways that please God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 8 t311 figs-quotemarks γὰρ 1 for Paul uses this term to introduce a direct quotation. It may be helpful to your readers if you indicate this by setting off the words that follow in the rest of the verse with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language may use to indicate a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
1TI 4 8 t312 σωματικὴ γυμνασία 1 bodily training Alternate translation: “physical exercise”
1TI 4 8 t313 πρὸς ὀλίγον ἐστὶν ὠφέλιμος 1 is valuable for a little This could mean one of two things. Alternate translations: (1) “may have some small value” or (2) “does not have very much value”
1TI 4 8 t313 πρὸς ὀλίγον ἐστὶν ὠφέλιμος 1 is valuable for a little This could mean one of two things. Alternate translations: (1) “may have some small value” or (2) “does not have very much value”
1TI 4 8 t314 ἐπαγγελίαν ἔχουσα 1 having promise for Alternate translation: “will bring benefits in”
1TI 4 9 t315 πιστὸς ὁ λόγος 1 This word is trustworthy As in [1:15](../01/32.md) and [3:1](../03/01.md), in this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. (Paul is referring to the saying that he quoted in the previous verse.) Alternate translation: “This statement is dependable”
1TI 4 9 t316 καὶ πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος 1 and worthy of all acceptance See how you translated this in [1:15](../01/32.md). Alternate translation: “and we should believe it without any doubt” or “and we should have full confidence in it”
@ -222,11 +222,11 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 4 10 t321 figs-idiom Θεῷ ζῶντι 1 the living God See how you translated this in [3:15](../03/15.md). Alternate translation: “the God who is genuinely alive” or “the true God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 4 10 t322 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 4 12 t324 μηδείς σου τῆς νεότητος καταφρονείτω 1 Let no one despise your youth The term **despise** here does not mean “hate,” but “think little of” or “scorn.” Alternate translation: “Do not let anyone disrespect you just because you are young”
1TI 4 12 t325 ​ ἐν λόγῳ 1 in word In this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. Alternate translation: "in your speech"
1TI 4 12 t325 ἐν λόγῳ 1 in word In this context, the term **word** has a specific meaning. Alternate translation: "in your speech"
1TI 4 13 t326 figs-explicit πρόσεχε τῇ ἀναγνώσει, τῇ παρακλήσει, τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 to the reading, to the exhortation, to the teaching If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say explicitly what Timothy is to read and to whom, and whom he is to exhort and teach. Alternate translation: “continue reading the Scriptures to the people in the church there, exhorting them, and teaching them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 13 t327 figs-abstractnouns πρόσεχε τῇ ἀναγνώσει, τῇ παρακλήσει, τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 to the reading, to the exhortation, to the teaching If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the abstract nouns **reading**, **exhortation**, and **teaching** with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “continue reading the Scriptures to the people in your meeting there, exhorting them, and teaching them” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
1TI 4 14 t328 figs-metaphor μὴ ἀμέλει τοῦ ἐν σοὶ χαρίσματος 1 Do not neglect the gift in you Paul speaks of Timothy as if he were a container that could hold God’s gift. Alternate translation: “Do not neglect the ability that God has given you” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 4 14 mgyz figs-explicit ​μὴ ἀμέλει τοῦ ἐν σοὶ χαρίσματος 1 ​Do not neglect the gift in you ​The implication is that this **gift** is the ability that God has given Timothy for ministry. Alternate translation: "Do not neglect the ability that God has given you" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 4 14 mgyz figs-explicit μὴ ἀμέλει τοῦ ἐν σοὶ χαρίσματος 1 Do not neglect the gift in you The implication is that this **gift** is the ability that God has given Timothy for ministry. Alternate translation: "Do not neglect the ability that God has given you" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 4 14 t330 figs-activepassive ὃ ἐδόθη σοι διὰ προφητείας 1 which was given to you through prophecy If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “which you received when leaders of the church prophesied about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 14 t331 translate-symaction ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου 1 with the imposition of the hands of the elders Paul is speaking of a ceremony during which the church leaders put their hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do. Alternate translation: “when the elders all laid their hands on you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1TI 4 15 t332 figs-metaphor ταῦτα μελέτα, ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι 1 Study these things, be in them Paul is speaking figuratively as if Timothy could physically be inside the instructions he has just given him. Alternate translation: “Give careful attention to these instructions and follow them consistently” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
@ -238,26 +238,26 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 5 1 t336 πρεσβυτέρῳ μὴ ἐπιπλήξῃς 1 Do not rebuke an older man Alternate translation: “Do not speak harshly to an older man”
1TI 5 1 t337 ἀλλὰ παρακάλει 1 but exhort him Alternate translation: “Instead, encourage him”
1TI 5 1 t338 figs-simile ὡς πατέρα…ὡς ἀδελφούς 1 as a father…as brothers Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect as he would family members. Alternate translation: “as if he were your own father…encourage them as if they were your own brothers” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile\]\])
1TI 5 2 t339 figs-simile ὡς μητέρας…ὡς ἀδελφὰς 1 as mothers…as sisters Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect as he would family members. Alternate translation: “encourage each of them as if they were your own mother…encourage them as if they were your own sisters” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile\]\])
1TI 5 2 t339 figs-simile ὡς μητέρας…ὡς ἀδελφὰς 1 as mothers…as sisters Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect as he would family members. Alternate translation: “encourage each of them as if they were your own mother…encourage them as if they were your own sisters” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile\]\])
1TI 5 2 t340 figs-abstractnouns ἐν πάσῃ ἁγνίᾳ 1 in all purity If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind the abstract noun **purity** with an adjective such as “pure.” Alternate translation: “making sure that your thoughts and actions are pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 5 3 t341 ​figs-idiom χήρας τίμα 1 Honor widows This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Provide for widows” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom\]\])
1TI 5 3 t341 figs-idiom χήρας τίμα 1 Honor widows This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Provide for widows” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom\]\])
1TI 5 3 t342 τὰς ὄντως χήρας 1 real widows Alternate translation: “widows who have no one else to provide for them”
1TI 5 4 t343 πρῶτον 1 first Alternate translation: “before the church offers any support”
1TI 5 4 t344 figs-parallelism μανθανέτωσαν…τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον εὐσεβεῖν, καὶ ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις 1 let them learn to honor their own household and to make repayment to their forebears These two phrases may mean similar things. If **honor** is an idiom for "provide" here, as in the previous verse, then Paul may be using repetition for emphasis. Alternate translation: “let them provide the support that their widowed mother or grandmother needs and deserves” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. Paul may actually be giving two reasons why people should support their widowed mothers or grandmothers. Alternate translation: “This is a respectful thing to do for senior family members, and it will repay them for supporting their children and grandchildren as they were growing up” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism\]\])
1TI 5 4 t344 figs-parallelism μανθανέτωσαν…τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον εὐσεβεῖν, καὶ ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις 1 let them learn to honor their own household and to make repayment to their forebears These two phrases may mean similar things. If **honor** is an idiom for "provide" here, as in the previous verse, then Paul may be using repetition for emphasis. Alternate translation: “let them provide the support that their widowed mother or grandmother needs and deserves” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. Paul may actually be giving two reasons why people should support their widowed mothers or grandmothers. Alternate translation: “This is a respectful thing to do for senior family members, and it will repay them for supporting their children and grandchildren as they were growing up” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism\]\])
1TI 5 4 t345 figs-metonymy τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον 1 their own household Paul uses this phrase figuratively to refer to family members, by association to the way they live in the same house. Alternate translation: “their own family members” or “those living in their homes” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
1TI 5 4 t346 ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις 1 make repayment to their forebears Alternate translation: “Let them do good to their mother or grandmother in return for the good things their parents and grandparents gave them”
1TI 5 4 t347 grammar-connect-logic-result γάρ 1 for Paul uses this term to introduce an additional reason why family members should support their widowed mothers or grandmothers. Alternate translation: “also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
1TI 5 4 t348 figs-metaphor τοῦτο…ἐστιν ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 this is pleasing before God Paul uses the expression **before God**, which means “in front of God,” to mean “where God can see.” Alternate translation: “this is pleasing in God’s view” or "this pleases God" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 5 5 t349 ἡ…ὄντως χήρα καὶ μεμονωμένη 1 the genuine and left-alone widow Alternate translation: “a real widow, one who has no family"
1TI 5 4 t348 figs-metaphor τοῦτο…ἐστιν ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 this is pleasing before God Paul uses the expression **before God**, which means “in front of God,” to mean “where God can see.” Alternate translation: “this is pleasing in God’s view” or "this pleases God" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 5 5 t349 ἡ…ὄντως χήρα καὶ μεμονωμένη 1 the genuine and left-alone widow Alternate translation: “a real widow, one who has no family"
1TI 5 5 t350 figs-metaphor προσμένει ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς 1 continues in requests and prayers Paul is speaking figuratively as if these widows could physically be inside their own prayers. Alternate translation: “continues to make requests and offer prayers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 5 t351 figs-hendiadys ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς 1 requests and prayers The phrase **requests and prayers** expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **requests** tells what of **prayers** Paul is talk about here. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “prayers on behalf of other people” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys\]\]).
1TI 5 5 t351 figs-hendiadys ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς 1 requests and prayers The phrase **requests and prayers** expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **requests** tells what of **prayers** Paul is talk about here. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “prayers on behalf of other people” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys\]\]).
1TI 5 5 t352 figs-merism νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας 1 night and day The words **night** and **day** are used together to mean “at all times.” Alternate translation: “all the time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1TI 5 6 t353 figs-nominaladj ἡ…σπαταλῶσα 1 the one cavorting Paul is using this participle, which functions as an adjective, as a noun, to describe such a woman as a member of a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “a woman who lives wantonly and extravagantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 5 6 t354 figs-metaphor ζῶσα τέθνηκεν 1 living, has died Paul speaks figuratively about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alternate translation: “is spiritually dead, even though she is still alive physically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 7 t356 καὶ ταῦτα παράγγελλε ἵνα ἀνεπίλημπτοι ὦσιν 1 Also command these things, so that they may be irreproachable This statement seems to refer back to \[4:11\](../04/11.md), "Command and teach these things," which Paul tells Timothy after telling him in \[4:6\](../04/06.dm) to "place these things before the brothers." So **they** seems to refer to all the believers in this situation, including the widows, their families, and the local church that is supposed to organize the list and make sure that the widows are cared for well. Alternate translation: “Also give these instructions to the believers, so that no one will be able to accuse them of doing anything wrong."
1TI 5 6 t354 figs-metaphor ζῶσα τέθνηκεν 1 living, has died Paul speaks figuratively about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alternate translation: “is spiritually dead, even though she is still alive physically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 7 t356 καὶ ταῦτα παράγγελλε ἵνα ἀνεπίλημπτοι ὦσιν 1 Also command these things, so that they may be irreproachable This statement seems to refer back to \[4:11\](../04/11.md), "Command and teach these things," which Paul tells Timothy after telling him in \[4:6\](../04/06.dm) to "place these things before the brothers." So **they** seems to refer to all the believers in this situation, including the widows, their families, and the local church that is supposed to organize the list and make sure that the widows are cared for well. Alternate translation: “Also give these instructions to the believers, so that no one will be able to accuse them of doing anything wrong."
1TI 5 8 t357 figs-idiom τις τῶν ἰδίων καὶ μάλιστα οἰκείων οὐ προνοεῖ 1 does not provide for his own, and especially for household members Here **his own** is an idiom that means “his own relatives.” Alternate translation: “does not help with his relatives’ needs, and especially those of the family members living in his home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 5 8 t358 τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται 1 he has denied the faith Paul explains that this action would be equivalent to denying the faith itself. Alternate translation: “he has acted contrary to the way we believe”
1TI 5 8 t359 ​figs-explicit ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων 1 is worse than an unbeliever The implication is that this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their own relatives. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus, because they do take care of their relatives” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 5 8 t359 figs-explicit ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων 1 is worse than an unbeliever The implication is that this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their own relatives. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus, because they do take care of their relatives” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 5 9 t360 figs-activepassive χήρα καταλεγέσθω 1 Let a widow be enrolled There seems to have been a list of widows. The church members met these women’s needs for food, clothing, and shelter, and these women then devoted their lives to serving the Christian community. If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “have the church put a widow on the register” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive\]\])
1TI 5 9 t361 figs-litotes μὴ ἔλαττον ἐτῶν ἑξήκοντα γεγονυῖα 1 being not less than sixty years old Paul is using a figure of speech here that expresses a positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “if she is at least sixty years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1TI 5 9 t362 figs-idiom ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή 1 a wife of one husband Like the similar expression in [3:2](../01/32.md), this could mean one of two things. (If it means the second possibility, it is not clear whether Paul means to exclude women who were married more than once and widowed each time, or more specifically women who divorced their husbands and married other men.) Alternate translations: (1) “she was always faithful to her husband” or (2) “she had one husband” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom\]\])
@ -270,11 +270,11 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 5 10 t369 figs-hyperbole παντὶ ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ ἐπηκολούθησεν 1 pursued every good work Paul uses the word **every** here as a generalization for emphasis. Alternate translation: “done all kinds of good deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1TI 5 11 t370 νεωτέρας δὲ χήρας παραιτοῦ 1 But refuse younger widows Alternate translation: “But do not put widows who are younger than 60 years old on the list”
1TI 5 11 t371 figs-explicit ὅταν…καταστρηνιάσωσιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 when they become wanton against Christ The implication that when a widow accepted a place on the register, she promised to remain unmarried and devote herself to serving other believers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this explicitly. Alternate translation: “when they feel bodily desires that are contrary to their pledge of chastity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 12 t372 ἔχουσαι κρίμα 1 having judgment Alternate translation: “and so they incur God’s judgment”
1TI 5 12 t372 ἔχουσαι κρίμα 1 having judgment Alternate translation: “and so they incur God’s judgment”
1TI 5 12 t373 τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν 1 they have broken their first pledge The term **pledge** here refers to a commitment the widows made, as the last note to [5:11](../05/11.md) explains, that they would serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives, and not remarry, if the community would supply their needs. Alternate translation: “they do not keep their prior commitment” or “they do not do what they promised before”
1TI 5 13 t374 ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν 1 they learn to be lazy ones Alternate translation: “they get into the habit of doing nothing”
1TI 5 13 t375 figs-nominaladj ἀργαὶ 1 lazy ones Paul is using the adjective **lazy** as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are lazy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 5 13 t376 περιερχόμεναι τὰς οἰκίας 1 going around houses Alternate translation: “going from house to house”
1TI 5 13 t376 περιερχόμεναι τὰς οἰκίας 1 going around houses Alternate translation: “going from house to house”
1TI 5 13 t377 figs-doublet φλύαροι καὶ περίεργοι, λαλοῦσαι τὰ μὴ δέοντα 1 babblers and busybodies, saying what they should not These three phrases may be ways of speaking about the same activity. Paul may be using repetition to emphasize that the people shoudl not be looking into the private lives of others and telling about them to further people who are no better off after hearing. If you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine these phrases into a single one. Alternate translation: “people who interfere openly in other people’s business” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\]) (A doublet can consist of more than two terms.)
1TI 5 13 t378 φλύαροι 1 babblers Alternate translation: “people who talk nonsense”
1TI 5 14 t379 τῷ ἀντικειμένῳ 1 the one opposing This expression could refer by implication to Satan (that is the reading of UST) or collectively to unbelievers who are opposing the followers of Jesus. Alternate translation: “the devil” or “unbelievers who are opposing you”
@ -287,48 +287,48 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 5 17 t386 figs-activepassive οἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι…ἀξιούσθωσαν 1 The elders having ruled well, let them be considered worthy If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “All believers should consider elders who are good leaders to be deserving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 5 17 t387 διπλῆς τιμῆς 1 double honor This could mean one of two things. Since Paul quotes two Scriptures in the next verse that support the idea of church leaders being paid for their work, the first possibility is more likely. Alternate translations: (1) “both respect and payment for their work” or (2) “more respect than others receive”
1TI 5 17 t388 figs-nominaladj οἱ κοπιῶντες 1 the ones toiling Paul is using the participle **toiling**, which functions as an adjective, as a noun, to describe members of a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “elders who work hard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 5 17 t389 figs-hendiadys ἐν λόγῳ καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 in the word and in teaching This phrase may be expressing a single idea by using two phrases (which are actually just two words in Greek) connected with **and.** The phrase **in the word** would be identifying the content of the **teaching**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “at teaching from the Scriptures” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys\]\])
1TI 5 17 t389 figs-hendiadys ἐν λόγῳ καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 in the word and in teaching This phrase may be expressing a single idea by using two phrases (which are actually just two words in Greek) connected with **and.** The phrase **in the word** would be identifying the content of the **teaching**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “at teaching from the Scriptures” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys\]\])
1TI 5 17 t390 figs-metonymy λόγῳ 1 the word Paul may be using the term **word** here figuratively to describe the Scriptures, which God inspired people to put into words. Alternate translation: “the Scriptures” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
1TI 5 18 t391 figs-personification λέγει γὰρ ἡ Γραφή 1 For the Scripture says Paul figuratively describes Scripture as if it could speak for itself. Alternate translation: “For we read in the Scriptures that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 18 t392 figs-declarative βοῦν ἀλοῶντα οὐ φιμώσεις 1 You will not muzzle a threshing ox Here the Scriptures use a statement in order to give a command. Alternate translation: “You must not muzzle an ox while it is treading on grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative]])
1TI 5 18 t393 figs-metaphor βοῦν ἀλοῶντα οὐ φιμώσεις 1 You will not muzzle a threshing ox Paul is quoting this passage figuratively. He is using it to indicate that just as God wanted oxen to be able to eat some of the grain they were working to separate from its husks, so church leaders deserve to receive payment from the Christian community that they are serving. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 18 t394 translate-unknown φιμώσεις 1 you will not muzzle A **muzzle** is a sleeve that goes over an animal’s mouth to prevent it from opening its mouth and eating while it is doing work. If your readers would not be familiar with this object, you could use a more general expression instead. Alternate translation: “keep an ox's mouth shut" or "prevent an ox from eating" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown\]\])
1TI 5 18 t395 translate-unknown ἀλοῶντα 1 a threshing ox An ox in this culture would **thresh** grain by walking on it on or pulling a heavy object over it to separate the grain from the husks. Alternate translation: “an ox that is separating grain from husks” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown\]\])
1TI 5 18 t396 ​ ἄξιος ὁ ἐργάτης τοῦ μισθοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 The worthy is worthy of his wages Alternate translation: “A worker has a right to be paid" or "A worker should receive his wages"
1TI 5 19 t397 grammar-connect-exceptions κατηγορίαν μὴ παραδέχου, ἐκτὸς εἰ 1 do not receive an accusation, except if If, in your language, it would appear that Paul was making a statement and then contradicting it, you could reword this statement to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “only believe that an accusation is true if” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions]])
1TI 5 19 t399 figs-metaphor ἐπὶ δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων 1 upon two or three witnesses Here **upon** is a spatial metaphor that indicates “relying on.” Alternate translation: “at least two people give evidence for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 18 t396 ἄξιος ὁ ἐργάτης τοῦ μισθοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 The worthy is worthy of his wages Alternate translation: “A worker has a right to be paid" or "A worker should receive his wages"
1TI 5 19 t397 grammar-connect-exceptions κατηγορίαν μὴ παραδέχου, ἐκτὸς εἰ 1 do not receive an accusation, except if If, in your language, it would appear that Paul was making a statement and then contradicting it, you could reword this statement to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “only believe that an accusation is true if” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions]])
1TI 5 19 t399 figs-metaphor ἐπὶ δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων 1 upon two or three witnesses Here **upon** is a spatial metaphor that indicates “relying on.” Alternate translation: “at least two people give evidence for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 19 t400 δύο ἢ τριῶν 1 two or three Alternate translation: “at least two” or “two or more”
1TI 5 20 t401 figs-nominaladj τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας 1 the ones sinning Paul is using this participle, which functions as an adjective, as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “elders who doing wrong things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 5 20 t402 figs-metaphor ἐνώπιον…πάντων 1 before all Paul uses the expression **before** to mean “in front of.” Alternate translation: “where everyone can see" or "in public" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 5 20 t402 figs-metaphor ἐνώπιον…πάντων 1 before all Paul uses the expression **before** to mean “in front of.” Alternate translation: “where everyone can see" or "in public" (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 5 20 t403 figs-explicit ἵνα καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ φόβον ἔχωσιν 1 so that the rest also may have fear If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say what, by implication, people will be afraid of. Alternate translation: “so that other people will be afraid to sin themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 20 t404 figs-idiom φόβον ἔχωσιν 1 may have fear This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 5 21 t405 figs-metaphor ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 before God and Christ Jesus and the chosen angels Paul uses the expression **before**, meaning “in front of,” to indicate “where they can see.” Seeing, in turn, figuratively means attention and judgment. Alternate translation: “as God and Christ Jesus and the chosen angels are watching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 21 t405 figs-metaphor ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 before God and Christ Jesus and the chosen angels Paul uses the expression **before**, meaning “in front of,” to indicate “where they can see.” Seeing, in turn, figuratively means attention and judgment. Alternate translation: “as God and Christ Jesus and the chosen angels are watching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 21 t406 figs-idiom τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων 1 the chosen angels This means the angels whom God has chosen to serve him in a special way. Alternate translation: “the angels who are God’s special servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 5 21 t407 ταῦτα φυλάξῃς 1 keep these things Alternate translation: “follow these instructions”
1TI 5 21 t407 ταῦτα φυλάξῃς 1 keep these things Alternate translation: “follow these instructions”
1TI 5 21 t408 figs-doublet χωρὶς προκρίματος, μηδὲν ποιῶν κατὰ πρόσκλισιν 1 without partiality, doing nothing out of favoritism The terms **partiality** and **favoritism** mean similar things. Paul may be using repetition to emphasize that Timothy must judge honestly and be fair to everyone. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “being completely fair to everyone” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 5 21 t409 ταῦτα 1 these things Grammatically this could refer either to the instructions Paul has just given Timothy about elders, or to the instructions he is about to give Timothy regarding his own personal conduct. But since Paul tells Timothy to follow these instructions without favoring one person over another, it is most likely that this refers to the instructions about elders. Alternate translation: “these things that I have just told you”
1TI 5 22 t410 translate-symaction χεῖρας ταχέως μηδενὶ ἐπιτίθε 1 Place hands hastily on no one The **placing of hands** was a ceremony in which one or more church leaders would put their hands on people and pray that God would enable them to serve the church in a way that would please God. Timothy was to wait until a person had shown good character for a long time before officially and publicly setting that person apart in this way to serve the Christian community. Alternate translation: “wait until a person has demonstrated good character consistently before appointing that person to church leadership” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1TI 5 22 t411 figs-litotes χεῖρας ταχέως μηδενὶ ἐπιτίθε 1 Place hands hastily on no one Paul is using a figure of speech here that expresses a positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “wait until a person has demonstrated good character consistently before appointing that person to church leadership” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1TI 5 22 t410 translate-symaction χεῖρας ταχέως μηδενὶ ἐπιτίθε 1 Place hands hastily on no one The **placing of hands** was a ceremony in which one or more church leaders would put their hands on people and pray that God would enable them to serve the church in a way that would please God. Timothy was to wait until a person had shown good character for a long time before officially and publicly setting that person apart in this way to serve the Christian community. Alternate translation: “wait until a person has demonstrated good character consistently before appointing that person to church leadership” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1TI 5 22 t411 figs-litotes χεῖρας ταχέως μηδενὶ ἐπιτίθε 1 Place hands hastily on no one Paul is using a figure of speech here that expresses a positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “wait until a person has demonstrated good character consistently before appointing that person to church leadership” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1TI 5 22 t412 figs-explicit μηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις 1 nor share in the sins of others The implication in context may be that if Timothy appoints a person to leadership before they are ready, or without ensuring that their character is exemplary, then Timothy will bear some responsibility for that person’s ultimate failure as a leader, or he will appear to have approved of the person’s sins, once they are uncovered. Alternate translation: “so that you do not become responsible for the moral and leadership failures of others” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 5 22 kh04 figs-explicit μηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις 1 ​not share in the sins of others ​Alternate translation: "so that you do not also become guilty of sin"
1TI 5 23 t413 figs-explicit οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῶ 1 use a little wine Paul is telling Timothy to use wine specifically as medicine. The water in that area was impure and often caused sickness. Alternate translation: “also drink some wine from time to time as medicine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 22 kh04 figs-explicit μηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις 1 not share in the sins of others Alternate translation: "so that you do not also become guilty of sin"
1TI 5 23 t413 figs-explicit οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῶ 1 use a little wine Paul is telling Timothy to use wine specifically as medicine. The water in that area was impure and often caused sickness. Alternate translation: “also drink some wine from time to time as medicine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 24 t414 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 5 24 t415 figs-personification πρόδηλοί εἰσιν, προάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν 1 are evident, going ahead into judgment Paul speaks of sins as if they could move on their own ahead of a person to the place where that person will be judged for committing them. Alternate translation: “are so obvious that everyone knows they are guilty even before God declares them guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 24 t415 figs-personification πρόδηλοί εἰσιν, προάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν 1 are evident, going ahead into judgment Paul speaks of sins as if they could move on their own ahead of a person to the place where that person will be judged for committing them. Alternate translation: “are so obvious that everyone knows they are guilty even before God declares them guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 24 t416 figs-personification τισὶν δὲ καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσιν 1 but they also follow after some Paul speaks once again of sins as if they could move on their own. Alternate translation: “but the sins of other people do not become evident until God judges them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 25 t417 figs-explicit καὶ τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ πρόδηλα 1 good works are also evident Implicitly Paul does not mean all good works here, since in the rest of the sentence he speaks of some good works that are not evident. Alternate translation: “most good works are also obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 25 t417 figs-explicit καὶ τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ πρόδηλα 1 good works are also evident Implicitly Paul does not mean all good works here, since in the rest of the sentence he speaks of some good works that are not evident. Alternate translation: “most good works are also obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 25 t418 figs-explicit τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ 1 good works The implication is that these works are considered **good** because they are consistent with God’s character, purposes, and will. Alternate translation: “actions that God approves” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 5 25 t419 figs-metaphor καὶ τὰ ἄλλως ἔχοντα, κρυβῆναι οὐ δύναταί 1 and the ones having otherwise are not able to be hidden Paul speaks of good works as if they were objects that someone could hide. Alternate translation: “and people will find out later about even those good deeds that are not obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 25 t420 figs-activepassive καὶ τὰ ἄλλως ἔχοντα, κρυβῆναι οὐ δύναταί 1 and the ones having otherwise are not able to be hidden If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who will do the action. Alternate translation: “and people will later find out about even those good deeds that are not obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 intro rks4 0 # 1 Timothy 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Slavery<br><br>In this chapter Paul teaches slaves about honoring, respecting, and diligently serving their masters. This does not mean that he is endorsing slavery as a good thing, or as something that God approves of. Instead, Paul is encouraging believers to be godly and content in every situation that they are in. This does not mean that they cannot also work to change those situations.
1TI 6 1 t421 figs-metaphor ὅσοι εἰσὶν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν δοῦλοι 1 As many slaves as are under the yoke Paul speaks of people working as slaves as if they were oxen plowing or pulling with a yoke around their necks. Alternate translation: “people who are working as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 1 t422 figs-explicit ὅσοι εἰσὶν 1 as many…as are The implication in context is that Paul is speaking about believers who are slaves. Alternate translation: “believers who are working as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 1 t423 figs-activepassive ἵνα μὴ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία βλασφημῆται 1 so that the name of God and the teaching may not be blasphemed If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “so that unbelievers will always speak respectfully about God’s character and about what Christians believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 1 t423 figs-activepassive ἵνα μὴ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία βλασφημῆται 1 so that the name of God and the teaching may not be blasphemed If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “so that unbelievers will always speak respectfully about God’s character and about what Christians believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 1 t425 figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the name of God Here **name** is a figurative way of referring to the fame or reputation of a person. Alternate translation: “God’s character” or “God’s reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 6 1 t426 figs-explicit ἡ διδασκαλία 1 the teaching Implicitly Paul means the teaching about Jesus and about how his followers should live. Alternate translation: “our Christian teaching” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 1 t426 figs-explicit ἡ διδασκαλία 1 the teaching Implicitly Paul means the teaching about Jesus and about how his followers should live. Alternate translation: “our Christian teaching” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 2 t427 figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί εἰσιν 1 they are brothers Here **brothers** figuratively means fellow believer sin Jesus, whether male or female. Alternate translation: “they are fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 6 2 t428 ἀγαπητοὶ 1 beloved Alternate translations: (1) “and so their believing slaves should love them” or (2) “whom God loves”
1TI 6 3 t430 ὑγιαίνουσι λόγοις 1 the healthy words See how you translated the term **healthy** in [1:10](../01/10.md). Here as well it means not that the words are "in good health" but that they are “health-giving.” Alternate translation: “the true expression of our faith”
1TI 6 3 t431 figs-metonymy ὑγιαίνουσι λόγοις 1 the healthy words Paul uses the term **words** figuratively to describe expression in words of what Christians genuinely believe. Alternate translation: “the true expression of our faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 6 3 t430 ὑγιαίνουσι λόγοις 1 the healthy words See how you translated the term **healthy** in [1:10](../01/10.md). Here as well it means not that the words are "in good health" but that they are “health-giving.” Alternate translation: “the true expression of our faith”
1TI 6 3 t431 figs-metonymy ὑγιαίνουσι λόγοις 1 the healthy words Paul uses the term **words** figuratively to describe expression in words of what Christians genuinely believe. Alternate translation: “the true expression of our faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 6 4 t432 figs-metaphor τετύφωται…νοσῶν 1 he is puffed up Paul speaks figuratively of a person who is excessively proud as if they were inflated with air. Alternate translation: “that person is excessively proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 4 t433 figs-activepassive τετύφωται…νοσῶν 1 he is puffed up If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “that person is excessively proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 4 t434 figs-gendernotations τετύφωται…νοσῶν 1 he is puffed up Here **he** refers to anyone in general who teaches what is not correct. Alternate translation: “that person is excessively proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
@ -338,8 +338,8 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 6 4 t438 λογομαχίας 1 word-battles Alternate translation: “fights about the meaning of words”
1TI 6 4 t439 βλασφημίαι 1 blasphemies While this term often refers to untrue or disrespectful things that people say about God, in this context, it refers to people falsely saying bad things about each other. Alternate translation: “insults”
1TI 6 4 t440 ὑπόνοιαι πονηραί 1 evil suspicions Alternate translation: “people feeling unfairly as if others want to harm them”
1TI 6 5 t441 figs-activepassive διεφθαρμένων ἀνθρώπων τὸν νοῦν καὶ ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας 1 men having been corrupted as to the mind and having been deprived of the truth If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “people whose minds are corrupt and who no longer believe the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 5 t442 figs-parallelism διεφθαρμένων ἀνθρώπων τὸν νοῦν καὶ ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας 1 men having been corrupted as to the mind and having been deprived of the truth These two phrases mean the same thing. Paul uses the repetition for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “people who are no longer able to recognize the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1TI 6 5 t441 figs-activepassive διεφθαρμένων ἀνθρώπων τὸν νοῦν καὶ ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας 1 men having been corrupted as to the mind and having been deprived of the truth If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “people whose minds are corrupt and who no longer believe the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 5 t442 figs-parallelism διεφθαρμένων ἀνθρώπων τὸν νοῦν καὶ ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας 1 men having been corrupted as to the mind and having been deprived of the truth These two phrases mean the same thing. Paul uses the repetition for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “people who are no longer able to recognize the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1TI 6 5 t443 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 6 6 t444 grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 But Paul uses this term to introduce a contrast between what the false teachers believe about godliness and what is really true about godliness. Alternate translation: “Instead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
1TI 6 6 t445 figs-abstractnouns ἔστιν…πορισμὸς μέγας ἡ εὐσέβεια μετὰ αὐταρκείας 1 godliness with contentment is great gain If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the ideas behind the abstract nouns **godliness** and **contentment** with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “a person is very well off if they do what is godly and are content with what they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -352,15 +352,15 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 6 9 t452 grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 Now Paul uses this term to indicate that he is returning to the topic of those who think being godly will make them wealthy. You can translate the term with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
1TI 6 9 t453 figs-nominaladj οἱ…βουλόμενοι 1 the ones wanting Paul is using this participle, which functions as adjective, as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 6 9 t454 figs-metaphor ἐμπίπτουσιν εἰς πειρασμὸν, καὶ παγίδα 1 fall into temptation and a trap Paul speaks figuratively about those who let the temptation of money cause them to sin as if they were animals that fall into a hole that a hunter is using as a trap. Alternate translation: “will encounter more temptation than they can resist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 t455 figs-metaphor καὶ ἐπιθυμίας πολλὰς ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς 1 and many foolish and harmful desires This phrase continues the figure of speech from the previous phrase. Paul speaks about these desires as well as if they were a hole that a hunter was using as a trap. Alternate translation: “and will experience destructive impulses than they cannot overcome” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 t456 figs-hendiadys ἐπιθυμίας…ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς 1 foolish and harmful desires Here Paul expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and.** The word **foolish** tells why these desires are **harmful**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “destructive impulses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 6 9 t455 figs-metaphor καὶ ἐπιθυμίας πολλὰς ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς 1 and many foolish and harmful desires This phrase continues the figure of speech from the previous phrase. Paul speaks about these desires as well as if they were a hole that a hunter was using as a trap. Alternate translation: “and will experience destructive impulses than they cannot overcome” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 t456 figs-hendiadys ἐπιθυμίας…ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς 1 foolish and harmful desires Here Paul expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and.** The word **foolish** tells why these desires are **harmful**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “destructive impulses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 6 9 t457 figs-metaphor αἵτινες βυθίζουσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰς ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀπώλειαν 1 whatever plunges men into ruin and destruction This phrase summarizes the character of the temptations and impulses that Paul has just described. He speaks of them figuratively as if they could make people drown in deep water. Alternate translation: “people cannot escape from such things and they destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 t458 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπους 1 men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 6 9 t459 figs-hendiadys ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀπώλειαν 1 ruin and destruction Here Paul expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and.** Alternate translation: “complete destruction” or “total ruin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 6 10 t460 grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 For Paul uses this word to introduce the reasons for what the previous sentence stated. Alternate translation: “This is because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
1TI 6 10 t461 figs-metaphor ῥίζα…πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἐστιν ἡ φιλαργυρία 1 a root of all evils is the love of money Paul speaks figuratively of evil as if it were a plant and of the love of money as if it were the root from which that plant grew. Alternate translation: “loving money leads a person to do all kinds of wrong things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 10 t462 figs-hyperbole πάντων τῶν κακῶν 1 all evils Paul uses the term **all** here as a generalization for emphasis. Alternate translation: “all kinds of wrong things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1TI 6 10 t463 ἧς τινες ὀρεγόμενοι 1 which, some desiring The reference here is to people desiring money, not evil. You could start a new sentence here if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “People who want to become rich”
1TI 6 10 t463 ἧς τινες ὀρεγόμενοι 1 which, some desiring The reference here is to people desiring money, not evil. You could start a new sentence here if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “People who want to become rich”
1TI 6 10 t464 figs-metaphor ἀπεπλανήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως 1 have been led away from the faith Paul speaks figuratively of the desire for money as if it were an evil guide that intentionally leads people down the wrong path. Alternate translation: “have stopped believing in Jesus because of their desire for money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 10 t465 figs-activepassive ἀπεπλανήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως 1 have been led away from the faith If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “have stopped believing in Jesus because of their desire for money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 10 t466 figs-metaphor ἑαυτοὺς περιέπειραν ὀδύναις πολλαῖς 1 have pierced themselves with many sorrows Paul speaks about grief as if it were a sword that people use to stab themselves. Alternate translation: “have experienced great sorrows in their lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -373,31 +373,31 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
1TI 6 12 t473 figs-activepassive εἰς ἣν ἐκλήθης 1 to which you were called If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “to which God called you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 12 t474 ὡμολόγησας τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν 1 you confessed the good confession Alternate translation: “you publicly stated your faith in Jesus”
1TI 6 12 t475 figs-explicit ἐνώπιον πολλῶν μαρτύρων 1 before many witnesses The implication is that Timothy’s statement of his faith was binding because these witnesses were present and could testify that he had made it. In your translation, you can use the expression in your culture for a public, legal commitment. Alternate translation: “while many people were watching” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 13 t476 figs-explicit ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God The implication is that Paul is asking God to be his witness that he has given Timothy this command. Alternate translation: “with God as my witness” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 13 ruju τοῦ ζῳοποιοῦντος τὰ πάντα 1 the one enlivening all ​Alternate translation: “who causes all things to live”
1TI 6 13 t476 figs-explicit ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 before God The implication is that Paul is asking God to be his witness that he has given Timothy this command. Alternate translation: “with God as my witness” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 13 ruju τοῦ ζῳοποιοῦντος τὰ πάντα 1 the one enlivening all Alternate translation: “who causes all things to live”
1TI 6 13 t477 figs-explicit καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 and Christ Jesus The implication that Paul is also asking Jesus to be his witness. Alternate translation: “and with Christ Jesus…as my witness as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 13 t478 figs-explicit τοῦ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πειλάτου τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν 1 the one having testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate Paul is offering Jesus to Timothy as an example of someone who publicly affirmed his obedience to God even when others were hostile and threatening. Alternate translation: “who acknowledged God himself when Pontius Pilate put him on trial” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 14 t479 figs-doublet ἄσπιλον ἀνεπίλημπτον 1 spotless, irreproachable The terms **spotless** and **irreproachable** mean similar things thing. Paul may be using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 6 13 t478 figs-explicit τοῦ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πειλάτου τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν 1 the one having testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate Paul is offering Jesus to Timothy as an example of someone who publicly affirmed his obedience to God even when others were hostile and threatening. Alternate translation: “who acknowledged God himself when Pontius Pilate put him on trial” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 14 t479 figs-doublet ἄσπιλον ἀνεπίλημπτον 1 spotless, irreproachable The terms **spotless** and **irreproachable** mean similar things thing. Paul may be using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet\]\])
1TI 6 14 t480 figs-metaphor ἄσπιλον 1 spotless A **spot** figuratively means a moral fault. Possible meanings are (1) Jesus will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong or (2) other people will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong. Alternate translation: “blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 14 t481 μέχρι τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ Alternate translation: “until our Lord Jesus Christ returns”
1TI 6 15 t482 figs-idiom καιροῖς ἰδίοις 1 in its own times See how you translated this expression in [2:6](../01/32.md). Alternate translation: “at the time that God will choose” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 6 15 t482 figs-idiom καιροῖς ἰδίοις 1 in its own times See how you translated this expression in [2:6](../01/32.md). Alternate translation: “at the time that God will choose” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 6 15 t483 figs-explicit ὁ μακάριος καὶ μόνος Δυνάστης 1 the blessed and only Sovereign This expression refers implicitly to God. Alternate translation: “God, the One we praise, who alone rules over the world” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 16 t484 ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν 1 the One having immortality alone Alternate translation: “the only one who has always existed”
1TI 6 16 t485 figs-nominaladj ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν 1 the One having immortality alone Paul is using the participle **having**, which functions as adjective, as a noun, to refer to God as a member, though the only member, of a class that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “the only one who has always existed and always will exist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 6 16 t486 φῶς οἰκῶν ἀπρόσιτον 1 occupying unapproachable ligh Alternate translation: “who lives in light so bright that no one can come near it”
1TI 6 16 t487 figs-gendernotations οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων 1 none of men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “no human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 6 16 t487 figs-gendernotations οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων 1 none of men Paul uses the term **men** here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “no human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 6 17 t488 figs-nominaladj τοῖς πλουσίοις 1 the rich Paul is using this adjective as a noun, to refer to a class of people that it describes. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate it with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are rich” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 6 17 t489 ἐπὶ πλούτου ἀδηλότητι 1 in the uncertainty of riches Alternate translation: “in riches, which are so uncertain” or “in wealth, which a person can lose so easily”
1TI 6 17 t490 figs-hyperbole πάντα πλουσίως εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν 1 all things richly unto enjoyment Paul uses the term **all** here as an exaggeration for emphasis. Alternate translation: “everything we need to be truly happy” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole\]\])
1TI 6 17 t490 figs-hyperbole πάντα πλουσίως εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν 1 all things richly unto enjoyment Paul uses the term **all** here as an exaggeration for emphasis. Alternate translation: “everything we need to be truly happy” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole\]\])
1TI 6 18 t491 figs-metaphor πλουτεῖν ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς 1 to be rich in good works Paul speaks figuratively of doing things to help others as if this would make a person wealthy. Alternate translation: “serve and help others in many ways” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor\]\])
1TI 6 19 t492 figs-metaphor ἀποθησαυρίζοντας ἑαυτοῖς θεμέλιον καλὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον 1 storing up for themselves a good foundation for what is coming Paul speaks figuratively about the blessings that God will give to those who have served him faithfully as if they were riches that a person was storing in a safe place. Alternate translation: “securing a good start now on their future life in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 19 t493 figs-metaphor ἀποθησαυρίζοντας ἑαυτοῖς θεμέλιον καλὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον 1 storing up for themselves a good foundation for what is coming Paul also speaks figuratively about the blessings that God will give as if they were the foundation of a building. He means that they will give a person a good start on their new life in the presence of God forever. Alternate translation: “securing a good start now on their future life in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 19 t494 figs-idiom εἰς τὸ μέλλον 1 for what is coming In the New Testament, this expression can refer to different things, but in this case it seems to refer to the new life that believers will have in God’s presence after death and the end of history. It is equivalent to the expression “the coming life” in [4:8](../04/08.md). Alternate translation: “their future life in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 6 19 t495 figs-metaphor ἵνα ἐπιλάβωνται τῆς ὄντως ζωῆς 1 so that they may grasp genuine life Paul is using the same image as in the phrase **grasp eternal life** in [6:12](../06/12.md). He is speaking figuratively about people wanting eternal life so much that they hold onto it firmly in their hands. Alternate translation: “so that they can indeed live with God forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 19 t495 figs-metaphor ἵνα ἐπιλάβωνται τῆς ὄντως ζωῆς 1 so that they may grasp genuine life Paul is using the same image as in the phrase **grasp eternal life** in [6:12](../06/12.md). He is speaking figuratively about people wanting eternal life so much that they hold onto it firmly in their hands. Alternate translation: “so that they can indeed live with God forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 20 t496 figs-activepassive τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον 1 guard the entrustment If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “protect what Jesus has put in your care” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive\]\])
1TI 6 20 dd1v figs-explicit ​τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον 1 ​guard the entrustment ​The implication is that Jesus has entrusted Timothy with the message to proclaim about him. Alternate translation: “protect the message about Jesus that he has put in your care” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 20 dd1v figs-explicit τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον 1 guard the entrustment The implication is that Jesus has entrusted Timothy with the message to proclaim about him. Alternate translation: “protect the message about Jesus that he has put in your care” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
1TI 6 20 t497 ἐκτρεπόμενος τὰς βεβήλους κενοφωνίας 1 avoiding the godless chatter Alternate translation: “Do not pay attention to the talk of people for whom nothing is sacred”
1TI 6 20 t498 καὶ ἀντιθέσεις 1 and contradictions This could mean that the false teachers are saying things that cannot all be true at the same time, or that they are saying things that are contrary to true Christian belief. Alternate translation: “and the opposing statements”
1TI 6 20 t498 καὶ ἀντιθέσεις 1 and contradictions This could mean that the false teachers are saying things that cannot all be true at the same time, or that they are saying things that are contrary to true Christian belief. Alternate translation: “and the opposing statements”
1TI 6 20 t499 figs-activepassive τῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως 1 of miscalled knowledge If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who is doing the action. Alternate translation: “of what some people falsely call knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 21 t500 figs-metaphor τὴν πίστιν ἠστόχησαν 1 have missed the mark regarding the faith See how you translated this expression in [1:6](../01/06.md). Paul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target that people should aim at. Alternate translation: “have not fulfilled the purpose of faith in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 21 t501 ἡ χάρις μεθ’ ὑμῶν 1 Grace be with you If it would be clearer in your language, you could say who Paul is wishing to make this happen. Alternate translation: “May God give grace to all of you.”

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en_tn_57-TIT.tsv
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@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ TIT 3 13 j496 σπουδαίως πρόπεμψον 1 Diligently send on their
TIT 3 13 xy31 figs-doublenegatives ἵνα μηδὲν αὐτοῖς λείπῃ 1 so that they lack nothing This can be stated positively: “so that they have everything that they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
TIT 3 14 v7wg 0 Connecting Statement: Paul explains that it is important for all believers to provide for those who have needs.
TIT 3 14 fw98 οἱ ἡμέτεροι 1 our own Paul is referring to the believers in Crete. Alternate translation: “our own people”
TIT 3 14 xy33 figs-inclusive οἱ ἡμέτεροι 1 our own Here **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive.
TIT 3 14 xy33 figs-inclusive οἱ ἡμέτεροι 1 our own Here **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
TIT 3 14 tn24 εἰς τὰς ἀναγκαίας χρείας 1 toward essential needs “that enable them to help people who lack necessary things”
TIT 3 14 mji4 figs-metaphor ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι 1 in order not to be unfruitful Paul speaks of people doing good work as if they were trees bearing good fruit. Alternate translation: “so that they will not lead useless lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
TIT 3 14 xy32 figs-doublenegatives ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι 1 in order not to be unfruitful This can be stated positively: “in this way they will be fruitful” or “in this way they will be productive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
@ -194,6 +194,6 @@ TIT 3 15 j3y2 0 General Information: Paul ends his letter to Titus.
TIT 3 15 abci ἀσπάζονταί σε 1 greet you Here **you** is singular–this is a personal greeting to Titus.
TIT 3 15 k1sa οἱ μετ’ ἐμοῦ πάντες 1 All those who are with me “All the people who are with me” or “all of the believers who are here with me”
TIT 3 15 f4vc τοὺς φιλοῦντας ἡμᾶς ἐν πίστει 1 those who love us in faith Possible meanings are (1) “the believers who love us” or (2) “the believers who love us because we share the same belief”.
TIT 3 15 xy35 figs-inclusive ἡμᾶς 1 us Here **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete.
TIT 3 15 xy35 figs-inclusive ἡμᾶς 1 us Here **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
TIT 3 15 kx83 ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν 1 Grace be with all of you This was a common Christian greeting. Alternate translation: “May God’s grace be with you” or “I ask that God will be gracious to all of you”
TIT 3 15 xy34 ὑμῶν 1 you Here **you** is plural. This blessing is for Titus and all of the believers there in Crete.
1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
186 TIT 3 13 xy31 figs-doublenegatives ἵνα μηδὲν αὐτοῖς λείπῃ 1 so that they lack nothing This can be stated positively: “so that they have everything that they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
187 TIT 3 14 v7wg 0 Connecting Statement: Paul explains that it is important for all believers to provide for those who have needs.
188 TIT 3 14 fw98 οἱ ἡμέτεροι 1 our own Paul is referring to the believers in Crete. Alternate translation: “our own people”
189 TIT 3 14 xy33 figs-inclusive οἱ ἡμέτεροι 1 our own Here **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive. Here **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
190 TIT 3 14 tn24 εἰς τὰς ἀναγκαίας χρείας 1 toward essential needs “that enable them to help people who lack necessary things”
191 TIT 3 14 mji4 figs-metaphor ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι 1 in order not to be unfruitful Paul speaks of people doing good work as if they were trees bearing good fruit. Alternate translation: “so that they will not lead useless lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
192 TIT 3 14 xy32 figs-doublenegatives ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι 1 in order not to be unfruitful This can be stated positively: “in this way they will be fruitful” or “in this way they will be productive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
194 TIT 3 15 abci ἀσπάζονταί σε 1 greet you Here **you** is singular–this is a personal greeting to Titus.
195 TIT 3 15 k1sa οἱ μετ’ ἐμοῦ πάντες 1 All those who are with me “All the people who are with me” or “all of the believers who are here with me”
196 TIT 3 15 f4vc τοὺς φιλοῦντας ἡμᾶς ἐν πίστει 1 those who love us in faith Possible meanings are (1) “the believers who love us” or (2) “the believers who love us because we share the same belief”.
197 TIT 3 15 xy35 figs-inclusive ἡμᾶς 1 us Here **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete. Here **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
198 TIT 3 15 kx83 ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν 1 Grace be with all of you This was a common Christian greeting. Alternate translation: “May God’s grace be with you” or “I ask that God will be gracious to all of you”
199 TIT 3 15 xy34 ὑμῶν 1 you Here **you** is plural. This blessing is for Titus and all of the believers there in Crete.

4
en_tn_65-3JN.tsv
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
3JN 1 9 cz9d translate-names Διοτρέφης 1 Diotrephes He was a member of the congregation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3JN 1 9 s82w ὁ φιλοπρωτεύων αὐτῶν 1 who loves to be first among them “who loves to be the most important one among them” or “who loves to act as though he’s their leader”
3JN 1 9 dp1v figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς 1 us The word **us** is exclusive; it refers to John and those with him and does not include Gaius. It may also be a polite way for John to refer to himself. See the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive\]\])
3JN 1 9 rrgg figs-metonymy 1 Saying **Diotrephes…does not accept us** does not mean that he has physically rejected John and those with John, but it is a shorter way of saying that he does not accept John's authority or the instructions that John gives. See the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])​
3JN 1 9 rrgg figs-metonymy 1 Saying **Diotrephes…does not accept us** does not mean that he has physically rejected John and those with John, but it is a shorter way of saying that he does not accept John's authority or the instructions that John gives. See the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
3JN 1 10 f6qj λόγοις πονηροῖς φλυαρῶν ἡμᾶς 1 accusing us with evil words “that is, that he says evil things about us that certainly are not true”
3JN 1 10 wi6a αὐτὸς ἐπιδέχεται τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς 1 he does not receive the brothers “does not welcome the fellow believers”
3JN 1 10 it7p figs-ellipsis τοὺς βουλομένους κωλύει 1 stops those who are willing There are words left out but they are understood from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “he stops those who want to welcome the believers” See the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis\]\])
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
3JN 1 12 pl7i figs-activepassive Δημητρίῳ μεμαρτύρηται ὑπὸ πάντων 1 Demetrius is borne witness to by all This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All who know Demetrius bear witness of him” or “Every believer who knows Demetrius speaks well of him.” See the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive\]\])
3JN 1 12 m22h translate-names Δημητρίῳ 1 Demetrius This is probably a man whom John wants Gaius and the congregation to welcome when he comes to visit. He may be the person delivering this letter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3JN 1 12 rad4 figs-personification ὑπὸ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀληθείας 1 by the truth itself “the truth itself speaks well of him.” Here **truth** is described as though it were a person speaking. **Truth** here refers to “the true message from God.” Alternate translation: “everyone who knows the truth knows that he is a good person.” Also see the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification\]\])
3JN 1 12 mftm figs-ellipsis 1 ​There are words left out of this clause but they are understood from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “and he is borne witness to by the truth itself.” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis\]\])
3JN 1 12 mftm figs-ellipsis 1 There are words left out of this clause but they are understood from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “and he is borne witness to by the truth itself.” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis\]\])
3JN 1 12 s712 figs-explicit καὶ ἡμεῖς δὲ μαρτυροῦμεν 1 And we also bear witness What John is confirming is implied and can be made explicit here. Alternate translation: “And we also speak well of Demetrius.” Also see the UST. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
3JN 1 12 a16a figs-exclusive ἡμεῖς 1 we Here **we** refers to John and those with him and does not include Gaius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
3JN 1 13 v27c 0 General Information: This is the end of John’s letter to Gaius. In this section, he mentions coming to see him and closes with a greeting.

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