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@ -180,111 +180,111 @@ Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
2:17 lz3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֤ד 0 **the shadows flee away** The woman describes the shadows as though they were running away from the light of the sun. Alternate translation: “the shadows disappear”
3:1 hu3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל 0 **him whom my soul loves** The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)).
3:1 l1kv עַל 0 **I was longing for him … could not find him** Alternate translation: “I had a strong desire to be with him … loves, but he was not there”
3:2 uyu7 слово 0 **go through the city** Alternate translation: “walk through the city”
3:2 x9ki слово 0 **through the streets and squares** The word “squares” indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads come together. It is often an area where people sell items, a market, and a place where people come together to talk.
3:2 afu9 слово 0 **will search** Alternate translation: “will to look for”
3:3 b9j2 слово 0 **as they were making their rounds in the city** Alternate translation: “who were walking around the city on the walls”
3:3 pab8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово 0 **him whom my soul loves** The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md).
3:3 rdd5 слово 0 **watchmen** men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe
3:4 p5k2 слово 0 **the bedroom** Alternate translation: “the room for sleeping”
3:4 ri8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово 0 **the one who had conceived me** This is a metonym for her mother.
3:5 qw1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe слово 0 **by the gazelles and the does of the fields** Although the daughters of Jerusalem are not there to hear her, the woman is calling speaking to them as if they were witnesses.
3:5 t61g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe слово 0 **daughters of Jerusalem** “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her.
3:5 ruq7 слово 0 **does** female deer
3:5 n2aq слово 0 **of the fields** “that live in the countryside.” This refers to land that has not been farmed.
3:5 b4r5 слово 0 **the gazelles** animals that look like deer and move quickly.
3:5 dbf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet слово 0 **will not awaken or arouse** If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: “will not awaken”
3:5 cm9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases** Here “love” is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. Alternate translation: “will not disturb us until we have finished making love” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3:2 uyu7 אָק֨וּמָה 0 **go through the city** Alternate translation: “walk through the city”
3:2 x9ki אָק֨וּמָה 0 **through the streets and squares** The word “squares” indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads come together. It is often an area where people sell items, a market, and a place where people come together to talk.
3:2 afu9 אָק֨וּמָה 0 **will search** Alternate translation: “will to look for”
3:3 b9j2 מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **as they were making their rounds in the city** Alternate translation: “who were walking around the city on the walls”
3:3 pab8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **him whom my soul loves** The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md).
3:3 rdd5 מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **watchmen** men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe
3:4 p5k2 כִּ⁠מְעַט֙ 0 **the bedroom** Alternate translation: “the room for sleeping”
3:4 ri8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִּ⁠מְעַט֙ 0 **the one who had conceived me** This is a metonym for her mother.
3:5 qw1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **by the gazelles and the does of the fields** Although the daughters of Jerusalem are not there to hear her, the woman is calling speaking to them as if they were witnesses.
3:5 t61g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **daughters of Jerusalem** “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her.
3:5 ruq7 הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **does** female deer
3:5 n2aq הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **of the fields** “that live in the countryside.” This refers to land that has not been farmed.
3:5 b4r5 הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **the gazelles** animals that look like deer and move quickly.
3:5 dbf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **will not awaken or arouse** If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: “will not awaken”
3:5 cm9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases** Here “love” is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. Alternate translation: “will not disturb us until we have finished making love” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3:5 a3y1 0 # General Information:\n\nTranslate this verse as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
3:6 tjf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **like a column of smoke** The dust looked like smoke from far away because the people raised much dust in the air as they traveled.
3:6 w7kr слово 0 **perfumed with myrrh and frankincense** Alternate translation: “with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense”
3:6 sy9j слово 0 **powders** a fine dust made by crushing something solid
3:6 z3w1 слово 0 **What is that** Many versions translate this “Who is that.”
3:6 y8wr слово 0 **What is that coming up from the wilderness** The group of people is traveling from the wilderness to Jerusalem. They must go up in order to reach Jerusalem because the wilderness is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is high in the mountains.
3:6 bf7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово 0 **with all the powders sold by merchants** The words “perfumed with” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “perfumed with all the powders sold by merchants” or “and with the sweet smell of all the powders that merchants sell”
3:6 tjf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מִ֣י 0 **like a column of smoke** The dust looked like smoke from far away because the people raised much dust in the air as they traveled.
3:6 w7kr מִ֣י 0 **perfumed with myrrh and frankincense** Alternate translation: “with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense”
3:6 sy9j מִ֣י 0 **powders** a fine dust made by crushing something solid
3:6 z3w1 מִ֣י 0 **What is that** Many versions translate this “Who is that.”
3:6 y8wr מִ֣י 0 **What is that coming up from the wilderness** The group of people is traveling from the wilderness to Jerusalem. They must go up in order to reach Jerusalem because the wilderness is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is high in the mountains.
3:6 bf7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מִ֣י 0 **with all the powders sold by merchants** The words “perfumed with” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “perfumed with all the powders sold by merchants” or “and with the sweet smell of all the powders that merchants sell”
3:6 e1ly 0 # General Information:\n\nThe third part of the book begins here. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon’s bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem.
3:7 e4uw слово 0 **it is the bed** This refers to a bed with a cover that can be carried from one place to another.
3:7 ldh8 слово 0 **Look** “Listen carefully” or “What I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully. The speaker now discovers the answer to the question in verse 6.
3:7 rd7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet слово 0 **sixty warriors surround it, sixty soldiers of Israel** These two phrases refer to the same sixty people. The second phrase clarifies that the “warriors” are “soldiers of Israel.”
3:7 u16s слово 0 **warriors** men who fight
3:8 v2yx слово 0 **are experienced in warfare** Alternate translation: “can fight battles well”
3:8 z9n4 слово 0 **armed against** Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against”
3:8 jqy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово 0 **terrors of the night** Here, “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:7 e4uw הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **it is the bed** This refers to a bed with a cover that can be carried from one place to another.
3:7 ldh8 הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **Look** “Listen carefully” or “What I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully. The speaker now discovers the answer to the question in verse 6.
3:7 rd7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **sixty warriors surround it, sixty soldiers of Israel** These two phrases refer to the same sixty people. The second phrase clarifies that the “warriors” are “soldiers of Israel.”
3:7 u16s הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **warriors** men who fight
3:8 v2yx כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **are experienced in warfare** Alternate translation: “can fight battles well”
3:8 z9n4 כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **armed against** Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against”
3:8 jqy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **terrors of the night** Here, “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:8 mm7c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information.
3:9 nnm6 слово 0 **sedan chair** This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
3:10 rr69 слово 0 **Its interior was** Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
3:10 w2at слово 0 **Its posts** The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
3:10 xnj4 слово 0 **posts** The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
3:10 apj8 слово 0 **with love** This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
3:9 nnm6 אַפִּרְי֗וֹן 0 **sedan chair** This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
3:10 rr69 עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **Its interior was** Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
3:10 w2at עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **Its posts** The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
3:10 xnj4 עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **posts** The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
3:10 apj8 עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **with love** This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
3:10 f5mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues.
3:11 tf1d слово 0 **bearing the crown** Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”
3:11 i961 слово 0 **daughters of Zion** Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
3:11 sj76 слово 0 **gaze on King Solomon** “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
3:11 ei7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово 0 **the day of the joy of his heart** The word “heart” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “the day on which he truly rejoiced” or “the happiest day of his life”
4:1 z6f7 слово 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
4:1 m3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Your eyes are doves** One possibility is that the man is speaking of the woman’s white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes, the shape of a dove. Another possibility is that the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman’s eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: “You are very gentle”
4:1 pnn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **Your hair is like a flock of goats going down from Mount Gilead** Goats in Israel were usually dark in color. The woman’s hair was probably dark. You may need to specify that the goats were dark or even use another simile that the reader will understand that refers to something dark and beautiful. People thought of Mount Gilead as beautiful and fertile. The speaker considered the woman beautiful and ready to become the mother of his children. If you remove the simile of the goats, you may have to remove the simile of the mountain as well. Alternate translation: “Your hair is as dark as storm clouds above a fertile land”
3:11 tf1d צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **bearing the crown** Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”
3:11 i961 צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **daughters of Zion** Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
3:11 sj76 צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **gaze on King Solomon** “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
3:11 ei7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **the day of the joy of his heart** The word “heart” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “the day on which he truly rejoiced” or “the happiest day of his life”
4:1 z6f7 הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
4:1 m3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **Your eyes are doves** One possibility is that the man is speaking of the woman’s white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes, the shape of a dove. Another possibility is that the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman’s eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: “You are very gentle”
4:1 pnn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **Your hair is like a flock of goats going down from Mount Gilead** Goats in Israel were usually dark in color. The woman’s hair was probably dark. You may need to specify that the goats were dark or even use another simile that the reader will understand that refers to something dark and beautiful. People thought of Mount Gilead as beautiful and fertile. The speaker considered the woman beautiful and ready to become the mother of his children. If you remove the simile of the goats, you may have to remove the simile of the mountain as well. Alternate translation: “Your hair is as dark as storm clouds above a fertile land”
4:1 rg3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\n(See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
4:2 cj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive слово 0 **a flock of newly shorn ewes** This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a flock of ewes whose wool people have cut off”
4:2 sb14 слово 0 **bereaved** lost a loved one who has died
4:2 wc12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit слово 0 **coming up from the washing place** The ewes are coming up out of the water. Alternate translation: “that are coming up out of the water after people have washed them”
4:2 jw1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Each one has a twin** Sheep usually give birth to two lambs at one time. These twin lambs usually look like one another. Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth.
4:2 vl9d слово 0 **none among them is bereaved** Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth.
4:2 bdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **Your teeth are like a flock of newly shorn ewes** After sheep have their wool cut off, they are washed and their skin looks very white. The woman’s teeth are white.
4:3 t9kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **are like a thread of scarlet** Scarlet is a beautiful red color, and scarlet thread was very expensive. The woman’s lips were red. Alternate translation: “are a deep red like scarlet thread” or “are red and very beautiful”
4:3 j2a3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **are like pomegranate halves** Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman’s cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. Alternate translation: “are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate” or “are red and full and healthy”
4:3 y47i слово 0 **behind your veil** See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md).
4:3 q1mk слово 0 **is lovely** Alternate translation: “is beautiful”
4:3 v1ae слово 0 **scarlet** a dark red color that is very similar to the color of blood
4:4 wgq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers слово 0 **a thousand shields** “1,000 shields.”
4:4 swd3 слово 0 **all the shields of soldiers** Alternate translation: “all of the shields belong to mighty warriors”
4:4 cq2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive слово 0 **built in rows of stone** Women had necklaces that covered their entire necks with rows of decorations. The man compares these rows of decorations with the rows of stone on the tower. Alternate translation: “that has many rows of stone” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4:4 v4ae слово 0 **of David** Alternate translation: “that David built”
4:4 c4nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **with a thousand shields** The man compares the decorations of the woman’s necklace with shields hanging on the tower. The necklace probably went around her neck many times.
4:4 i3qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 0 **Your neck is like the tower of David** No one knows if this was a real tower. A tower is a tall, slender building, and saying that David built it implies that it was beautiful. The man considered the woman’s neck long and slender and so beautiful. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David”
4:5 gu86 слово 0 **gazelle** an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
4:5 p33d слово 0 **grazing among the lilies** “eating plants among the lilies.” While it is clear that the man “grazing among the lilies” is a metaphor for making love ([Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md)), it is not clear what these words refer to. It is best to translate them literally.
4:5 ea9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово 1 **like two fawns, twins of a gazelle** The man implies that the woman’s breasts are matching, soft, and pleasant to look at.
4:5 bb93 слово 0 **lilies** sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
4:5 wd7y слово 0 **twins** the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time
4:5 f8qi слово 0 **two breasts** If the word “two” seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it.
4:6 re83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **I will go to the mountain of myrrh and to the hill of frankincense** The “mountain of myrrh” and “hill of frankincense” are metaphors for the woman’s breasts ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md)). Alternate translation: “I will lie close to your breasts, which are like mountains that smell like myrrh and frankincense” or “I will lie close to your breasts, which smell very sweet” or “I will go to the sweet-smelling mountains”
4:6 ekc1 слово 0 **the hill of frankincense** Alternate translation: “the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air”
4:6 bm4n слово 0 **the mountain of myrrh** Alternate translation: “the mountain made of myrrh” or “the mountain that has myrrh growing on it”
4:6 y1xu слово 0 **Until the dawn arrives and the shadows flee away** Translate similar wording in this line as you did the line in [Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md).
4:7 l1xq слово 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
4:2 cj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **a flock of newly shorn ewes** This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a flock of ewes whose wool people have cut off”
4:2 sb14 שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **bereaved** lost a loved one who has died
4:2 wc12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **coming up from the washing place** The ewes are coming up out of the water. Alternate translation: “that are coming up out of the water after people have washed them”
4:2 jw1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **Each one has a twin** Sheep usually give birth to two lambs at one time. These twin lambs usually look like one another. Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth.
4:2 vl9d שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **none among them is bereaved** Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth.
4:2 bdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **Your teeth are like a flock of newly shorn ewes** After sheep have their wool cut off, they are washed and their skin looks very white. The woman’s teeth are white.
4:3 t9kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **are like a thread of scarlet** Scarlet is a beautiful red color, and scarlet thread was very expensive. The woman’s lips were red. Alternate translation: “are a deep red like scarlet thread” or “are red and very beautiful”
4:3 j2a3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **are like pomegranate halves** Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman’s cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. Alternate translation: “are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate” or “are red and full and healthy”
4:3 y47i כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **behind your veil** See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md).
4:3 q1mk כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **is lovely** Alternate translation: “is beautiful”
4:3 v1ae כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **scarlet** a dark red color that is very similar to the color of blood
4:4 wgq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **a thousand shields** “1,000 shields.”
4:4 swd3 כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **all the shields of soldiers** Alternate translation: “all of the shields belong to mighty warriors”
4:4 cq2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **built in rows of stone** Women had necklaces that covered their entire necks with rows of decorations. The man compares these rows of decorations with the rows of stone on the tower. Alternate translation: “that has many rows of stone” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4:4 v4ae כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **of David** Alternate translation: “that David built”
4:4 c4nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **with a thousand shields** The man compares the decorations of the woman’s necklace with shields hanging on the tower. The necklace probably went around her neck many times.
4:4 i3qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **Your neck is like the tower of David** No one knows if this was a real tower. A tower is a tall, slender building, and saying that David built it implies that it was beautiful. The man considered the woman’s neck long and slender and so beautiful. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David”
4:5 gu86 שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **gazelle** an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
4:5 p33d שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **grazing among the lilies** “eating plants among the lilies.” While it is clear that the man “grazing among the lilies” is a metaphor for making love ([Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md)), it is not clear what these words refer to. It is best to translate them literally.
4:5 ea9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שְׁנֵ֥י 1 **like two fawns, twins of a gazelle** The man implies that the woman’s breasts are matching, soft, and pleasant to look at.
4:5 bb93 שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **lilies** sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
4:5 wd7y שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **twins** the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time
4:5 f8qi שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **two breasts** If the word “two” seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it.
4:6 re83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֤ד 0 **I will go to the mountain of myrrh and to the hill of frankincense** The “mountain of myrrh” and “hill of frankincense” are metaphors for the woman’s breasts ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md)). Alternate translation: “I will lie close to your breasts, which are like mountains that smell like myrrh and frankincense” or “I will lie close to your breasts, which smell very sweet” or “I will go to the sweet-smelling mountains”
4:6 ekc1 עַ֤ד 0 **the hill of frankincense** Alternate translation: “the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air”
4:6 bm4n עַ֤ד 0 **the mountain of myrrh** Alternate translation: “the mountain made of myrrh” or “the mountain that has myrrh growing on it”
4:6 y1xu עַ֤ד 0 **Until the dawn arrives and the shadows flee away** Translate similar wording in this line as you did the line in [Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md).
4:7 l1xq כֻּלָּ֤⁠ךְ 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
4:7 ci96 слово 0 **there is no blemish in you** Alternate translation: “you have no blemish”
4:7 wt7k слово 0 **You are beautiful in every way** Alternate translation: “Every part of you is beautiful” or “All of you is beautiful”
4:8 m2km rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names слово 0 **Amana** the name of a mountain north of Israel
4:8 m2km rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אִתִּ֤⁠י 0 **Amana** the name of a mountain north of Israel
4:8 ybd2 слово 0 **dens** places where lions and leopards live, like caves or holes in the ground
4:8 h4yw слово 0 **from Lebanon** Alternate translation: “away from Lebanon”
4:8 j8s2 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife.
4:8 ir9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names слово 0 **Senir** the name of a mountain near Amana and Hermon. Some people think that this refers to the same mountain as Hermon.
4:9 d83s слово 0 **heart, with just one look at me, with just one jewel** “heart. All you have to do is look at me once or show me just one jewel.” Both the woman’s eyes and her jewelry attract the man to her.
4:9 d83s לִבַּבְתִּ֖⁠נִי 0 **heart, with just one look at me, with just one jewel** “heart. All you have to do is look at me once or show me just one jewel.” Both the woman’s eyes and her jewelry attract the man to her.
4:9 k4ah слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:8](./08.md).
4:9 vdf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
4:9 laj2 слово 0 **necklace** This necklace probably went around her neck many times ([Song of Songs 4:4](./04.md)).
4:9 d7n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **You have stolen my heart** This idiom could mean: (1) “My heart now belongs completely to you” or (2) “I strongly desire to make love to you”
4:10 wzb4 слово 0 **fragrance … perfume** See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 1:3](../01/01.md).
4:10 wzb4 מַה 0 **fragrance … perfume** See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 1:3](../01/01.md).
4:10 g6qt слово 0 **How beautiful is your love** Alternate translation: “Your love is wonderful”
4:10 td9x слово 0 **How much better is your love than wine** “Your love is much better than wine.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 1:2](../01/01.md).
4:10 ibb8 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md).
4:10 v1gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
4:10 r5ni слово 0 **spice** dried plants or seeds that have a good smell or taste
4:10 ts8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово 0 **the fragrance of your perfume than any spice** The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “how much better is the fragrance of your perfume than the fragrance of any spice”
4:11 vc6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **honey and milk are under your tongue** Because “milk and honey” is a common phrase in the Bible, you should translate literally. Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for: (1) the sweet taste of the woman’s kisses or (2) the woman’s words. Milk is a metaphor for luxury, owning many things that help people enjoy life. When the woman kisses the man, he enjoys life.
4:11 vc6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֹ֛פֶת 0 **honey and milk are under your tongue** Because “milk and honey” is a common phrase in the Bible, you should translate literally. Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for: (1) the sweet taste of the woman’s kisses or (2) the woman’s words. Milk is a metaphor for luxury, owning many things that help people enjoy life. When the woman kisses the man, he enjoys life.
4:11 nyc9 слово 0 **the fragrance of your garments is like the fragrance of Lebanon** “the smell of your clothes is like the smell of Lebanon.” Many cedar trees grew in Lebanon. Cedar trees smell very good, so Lebanon would have smelled sweet and fresh.
4:11 fw88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Your lips … drip honey** Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for (1) the sweet taste of the woman’s kisses or (2) the woman’s words.
4:12 i5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **a spring that is sealed** “a spring with a cover on it.” The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin.
4:12 i5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גַּ֥ן 0 **a spring that is sealed** “a spring with a cover on it.” The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin.
4:12 j45u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **is a garden locked up** “is a garden that no one can enter.” The garden is a metaphor for the woman, and the lock is a metaphor for her still being a virgin.
4:12 nrw6 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md).
4:12 whp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **My sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md). Alternate translation: “My dear” or “My darling”
4:13 i3mi слово 0 **a grove** a place where many trees grow together
4:13 i3mi שְׁלָחַ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **a grove** a place where many trees grow together
4:13 dju5 слово 0 **henna** small desert trees that people used as a perfume. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
4:13 eji6 слово 0 **with choice fruits** Alternate translation: “with the best kinds of fruits”
4:13 uvg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche слово 0 **Your branches** branches or channels of rivers, a clear euphemism for the female body part. If any reference to this would be offensive, translate it as a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “You” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4:13 q938 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נְרָדִֽים 1 See how you translated the word **nard** in [1:12](../01/12.md).
4:14 p646 слово 0 **all the finest spices** Alternate translation: “all the best spices”
4:14 p646 נֵ֣רְדְּ 0 **all the finest spices** Alternate translation: “all the best spices”
4:14 bm3m слово 0 **aloes** a type of large plant that had a very sweet smell
4:14 ujr7 слово 0 **calamus** a reed with a pleasant smell that people used to make anointing oil.
4:14 w1cm слово 0 **cinnamon** a spice made from the bark of a tree that people used for cooking
@ -293,12 +293,12 @@ Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
4:14 e6n8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נֵ֣רְדְּ 1 See how you translated the word **nard** in [1:12](../01/12.md).
4:15 t9ch слово 0 **fresh water** water that is good to drink
4:15 zl7c слово 0 **streams flowing down from Lebanon** Because Lebanon had mountains covered with trees, the streams from Lebanon were clean and cool.
4:15 z2an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **You are a garden spring** “You are a spring in a garden.” A garden spring gives sweet, clean water that people enjoy drinking. The man enjoys being close to the woman.
4:15 z2an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַעְיַ֣ן 0 **You are a garden spring** “You are a spring in a garden.” A garden spring gives sweet, clean water that people enjoy drinking. The man enjoys being close to the woman.
4:16 x71g слово 0 **Awake, north wind** Alternate translation: “North wind, start blowing”
4:16 jv5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification слово 0 **Awake, north wind; come, south wind; blow** The woman speaks to the north wind and the south wind as though they were people. Alternate translation: “I wish the north wind and south wind would come and blow”
4:16 l273 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **blow on my garden** The garden is a metaphor for her body, which she has covered with sweet-smelling oils ([Song of Songs 4:14](./12.md)).
4:16 mbn7 слово 0 **choice fruit** Alternate translation: “wonderful fruit”
4:16 kdi9 слово 0 **may give off their fragrance** Alternate translation: “may send out their good smells”
4:16 kdi9 ע֤וּרִי 0 **may give off their fragrance** Alternate translation: “may send out their good smells”
4:16 lqh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **May my beloved … choice fruit** The woman is inviting the man to make love to her.
4:16 dp46 слово 0 **my beloved** This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
5:1 i16q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Eat … drink … be drunk with love** Eating and drinking are metaphors for making love. Alternate translation: “Make love … make love … make love until you are fully satisfied”
@ -306,12 +306,12 @@ Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
5:1 m575 слово 0 **I have come** It is clearly the woman’s lover who is speaking.
5:1 psq4 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md).
5:1 tgd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
5:1 lgr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **myrrh … spice … honeycomb … honey … wine … milk** These are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md), [Song of Songs 2:4](../02/03.md), [Song of Songs 4:11](../04/10.md), and [Song of Songs 4:14](../04/12.md)).
5:1 lgr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בָּ֣אתִי 0 **myrrh … spice … honeycomb … honey … wine … milk** These are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md), [Song of Songs 2:4](../02/03.md), [Song of Songs 4:11](../04/10.md), and [Song of Songs 4:14](../04/12.md)).
5:1 sq9d слово 0 **spice** plants that have a strong smell or taste
5:1 zka3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\n(See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
5:2 biy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **but my heart was awake** The heart is the center of thought and feeling. Alternate translation: “but I could think clearly” or “but I knew what I was feeling”
5:2 yh2r слово 0 **dew** drops of water or mist that form as the night becomes cool
5:2 tk43 слово 0 **my beloved** This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
5:2 tk43 אֲנִ֥י 0 **my beloved** This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
5:2 c27j слово 0 **my dove** See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:14](../02/14.md).
5:2 d3gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово 0 **my hair with the night’s dampness** The words “is wet” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “my hair is wet with the night’s dampness”
5:2 d52k слово 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
180 2:17 lz3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֤ד 0 **the shadows flee away** The woman describes the shadows as though they were running away from the light of the sun. Alternate translation: “the shadows disappear”
181 3:1 hu3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל 0 **him whom my soul loves** The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)).
182 3:1 l1kv עַל 0 **I was longing for him … could not find him** Alternate translation: “I had a strong desire to be with him … loves, but he was not there”
183 3:2 uyu7 слово אָק֨וּמָה 0 **go through the city** Alternate translation: “walk through the city”
184 3:2 x9ki слово אָק֨וּמָה 0 **through the streets and squares** The word “squares” indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads come together. It is often an area where people sell items, a market, and a place where people come together to talk.
185 3:2 afu9 слово אָק֨וּמָה 0 **will search** Alternate translation: “will to look for”
186 3:3 b9j2 слово מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **as they were making their rounds in the city** Alternate translation: “who were walking around the city on the walls”
187 3:3 pab8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **him whom my soul loves** The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman’s love for the man than “my beloved” ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md).
188 3:3 rdd5 слово מְצָא֨וּ⁠נִי֙ 0 **watchmen** men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe
189 3:4 p5k2 слово כִּ⁠מְעַט֙ 0 **the bedroom** Alternate translation: “the room for sleeping”
190 3:4 ri8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово כִּ⁠מְעַט֙ 0 **the one who had conceived me** This is a metonym for her mother.
191 3:5 qw1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **by the gazelles and the does of the fields** Although the daughters of Jerusalem are not there to hear her, the woman is calling speaking to them as if they were witnesses.
192 3:5 t61g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **daughters of Jerusalem** “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her.
193 3:5 ruq7 слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **does** female deer
194 3:5 n2aq слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **of the fields** “that live in the countryside.” This refers to land that has not been farmed.
195 3:5 b4r5 слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **the gazelles** animals that look like deer and move quickly.
196 3:5 dbf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **will not awaken or arouse** If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: “will not awaken”
197 3:5 cm9r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי 0 **will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases** Here “love” is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. Alternate translation: “will not disturb us until we have finished making love” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
198 3:5 a3y1 0 # General Information:\n\nTranslate this verse as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
199 3:6 tjf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово מִ֣י 0 **like a column of smoke** The dust looked like smoke from far away because the people raised much dust in the air as they traveled.
200 3:6 w7kr слово מִ֣י 0 **perfumed with myrrh and frankincense** Alternate translation: “with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense”
201 3:6 sy9j слово מִ֣י 0 **powders** a fine dust made by crushing something solid
202 3:6 z3w1 слово מִ֣י 0 **What is that** Many versions translate this “Who is that.”
203 3:6 y8wr слово מִ֣י 0 **What is that coming up from the wilderness** The group of people is traveling from the wilderness to Jerusalem. They must go up in order to reach Jerusalem because the wilderness is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is high in the mountains.
204 3:6 bf7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово מִ֣י 0 **with all the powders sold by merchants** The words “perfumed with” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “perfumed with all the powders sold by merchants” or “and with the sweet smell of all the powders that merchants sell”
205 3:6 e1ly 0 # General Information:\n\nThe third part of the book begins here. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon’s bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem.
206 3:7 e4uw слово הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **it is the bed** This refers to a bed with a cover that can be carried from one place to another.
207 3:7 ldh8 слово הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **Look** “Listen carefully” or “What I am about to say is important.” You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully. The speaker now discovers the answer to the question in verse 6.
208 3:7 rd7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet слово הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **sixty warriors surround it, sixty soldiers of Israel** These two phrases refer to the same sixty people. The second phrase clarifies that the “warriors” are “soldiers of Israel.”
209 3:7 u16s слово הִנֵּ֗ה 0 **warriors** men who fight
210 3:8 v2yx слово כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **are experienced in warfare** Alternate translation: “can fight battles well”
211 3:8 z9n4 слово כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **armed against** Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against”
212 3:8 jqy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово כֻּלָּ⁠ם֙ 0 **terrors of the night** Here, “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
213 3:8 mm7c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information.
214 3:9 nnm6 слово אַפִּרְי֗וֹן 0 **sedan chair** This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
215 3:10 rr69 слово עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **Its interior was** Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
216 3:10 w2at слово עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **Its posts** The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
217 3:10 xnj4 слово עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **posts** The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
218 3:10 apj8 слово עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ 0 **with love** This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
219 3:10 f5mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues.
220 3:11 tf1d слово צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **bearing the crown** Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”
221 3:11 i961 слово צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **daughters of Zion** Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
222 3:11 sj76 слово צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **gaze on King Solomon** “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
223 3:11 ei7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy слово צְאֶ֧ינָה 0 **the day of the joy of his heart** The word “heart” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “the day on which he truly rejoiced” or “the happiest day of his life”
224 4:1 z6f7 слово הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
225 4:1 m3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **Your eyes are doves** One possibility is that the man is speaking of the woman’s white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes, the shape of a dove. Another possibility is that the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman’s eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: “You are very gentle”
226 4:1 pnn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово הִנָּ֨⁠ךְ 0 **Your hair is like a flock of goats going down from Mount Gilead** Goats in Israel were usually dark in color. The woman’s hair was probably dark. You may need to specify that the goats were dark or even use another simile that the reader will understand that refers to something dark and beautiful. People thought of Mount Gilead as beautiful and fertile. The speaker considered the woman beautiful and ready to become the mother of his children. If you remove the simile of the goats, you may have to remove the simile of the mountain as well. Alternate translation: “Your hair is as dark as storm clouds above a fertile land”
227 4:1 rg3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\n(See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
228 4:2 cj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **a flock of newly shorn ewes** This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a flock of ewes whose wool people have cut off”
229 4:2 sb14 слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **bereaved** lost a loved one who has died
230 4:2 wc12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **coming up from the washing place** The ewes are coming up out of the water. Alternate translation: “that are coming up out of the water after people have washed them”
231 4:2 jw1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **Each one has a twin** Sheep usually give birth to two lambs at one time. These twin lambs usually look like one another. Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth.
232 4:2 vl9d слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **none among them is bereaved** Each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth.
233 4:2 bdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово שִׁנַּ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **Your teeth are like a flock of newly shorn ewes** After sheep have their wool cut off, they are washed and their skin looks very white. The woman’s teeth are white.
234 4:3 t9kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **are like a thread of scarlet** Scarlet is a beautiful red color, and scarlet thread was very expensive. The woman’s lips were red. Alternate translation: “are a deep red like scarlet thread” or “are red and very beautiful”
235 4:3 j2a3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **are like pomegranate halves** Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman’s cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. Alternate translation: “are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate” or “are red and full and healthy”
236 4:3 y47i слово כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **behind your veil** See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md).
237 4:3 q1mk слово כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **is lovely** Alternate translation: “is beautiful”
238 4:3 v1ae слово כְּ⁠ח֤וּט 0 **scarlet** a dark red color that is very similar to the color of blood
239 4:4 wgq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **a thousand shields** “1,000 shields.”
240 4:4 swd3 слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **all the shields of soldiers** Alternate translation: “all of the shields belong to mighty warriors”
241 4:4 cq2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **built in rows of stone** Women had necklaces that covered their entire necks with rows of decorations. The man compares these rows of decorations with the rows of stone on the tower. Alternate translation: “that has many rows of stone” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
242 4:4 v4ae слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **of David** Alternate translation: “that David built”
243 4:4 c4nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **with a thousand shields** The man compares the decorations of the woman’s necklace with shields hanging on the tower. The necklace probably went around her neck many times.
244 4:4 i3qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово כְּ⁠מִגְדַּ֤ל 0 **Your neck is like the tower of David** No one knows if this was a real tower. A tower is a tall, slender building, and saying that David built it implies that it was beautiful. The man considered the woman’s neck long and slender and so beautiful. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David”
245 4:5 gu86 слово שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **gazelle** an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of “gazelles” as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
246 4:5 p33d слово שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **grazing among the lilies** “eating plants among the lilies.” While it is clear that the man “grazing among the lilies” is a metaphor for making love ([Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md)), it is not clear what these words refer to. It is best to translate them literally.
247 4:5 ea9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile слово שְׁנֵ֥י 1 **like two fawns, twins of a gazelle** The man implies that the woman’s breasts are matching, soft, and pleasant to look at.
248 4:5 bb93 слово שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **lilies** sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of “lily” in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
249 4:5 wd7y слово שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **twins** the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time
250 4:5 f8qi слово שְׁנֵ֥י 0 **two breasts** If the word “two” seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it.
251 4:6 re83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово עַ֤ד 0 **I will go to the mountain of myrrh and to the hill of frankincense** The “mountain of myrrh” and “hill of frankincense” are metaphors for the woman’s breasts ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md)). Alternate translation: “I will lie close to your breasts, which are like mountains that smell like myrrh and frankincense” or “I will lie close to your breasts, which smell very sweet” or “I will go to the sweet-smelling mountains”
252 4:6 ekc1 слово עַ֤ד 0 **the hill of frankincense** Alternate translation: “the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air”
253 4:6 bm4n слово עַ֤ד 0 **the mountain of myrrh** Alternate translation: “the mountain made of myrrh” or “the mountain that has myrrh growing on it”
254 4:6 y1xu слово עַ֤ד 0 **Until the dawn arrives and the shadows flee away** Translate similar wording in this line as you did the line in [Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md).
255 4:7 l1xq слово כֻּלָּ֤⁠ךְ 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
256 4:7 ci96 слово 0 **there is no blemish in you** Alternate translation: “you have no blemish”
257 4:7 wt7k слово 0 **You are beautiful in every way** Alternate translation: “Every part of you is beautiful” or “All of you is beautiful”
258 4:8 m2km rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names слово אִתִּ֤⁠י 0 **Amana** the name of a mountain north of Israel
259 4:8 ybd2 слово 0 **dens** places where lions and leopards live, like caves or holes in the ground
260 4:8 h4yw слово 0 **from Lebanon** Alternate translation: “away from Lebanon”
261 4:8 j8s2 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife.
262 4:8 ir9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names слово 0 **Senir** the name of a mountain near Amana and Hermon. Some people think that this refers to the same mountain as Hermon.
263 4:9 d83s слово לִבַּבְתִּ֖⁠נִי 0 **heart, with just one look at me, with just one jewel** “heart. All you have to do is look at me once or show me just one jewel.” Both the woman’s eyes and her jewelry attract the man to her.
264 4:9 k4ah слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:8](./08.md).
265 4:9 vdf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
266 4:9 laj2 слово 0 **necklace** This necklace probably went around her neck many times ([Song of Songs 4:4](./04.md)).
267 4:9 d7n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **You have stolen my heart** This idiom could mean: (1) “My heart now belongs completely to you” or (2) “I strongly desire to make love to you”
268 4:10 wzb4 слово מַה 0 **fragrance … perfume** See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 1:3](../01/01.md).
269 4:10 g6qt слово 0 **How beautiful is your love** Alternate translation: “Your love is wonderful”
270 4:10 td9x слово 0 **How much better is your love than wine** “Your love is much better than wine.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 1:2](../01/01.md).
271 4:10 ibb8 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md).
272 4:10 v1gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
273 4:10 r5ni слово 0 **spice** dried plants or seeds that have a good smell or taste
274 4:10 ts8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово 0 **the fragrance of your perfume than any spice** The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “how much better is the fragrance of your perfume than the fragrance of any spice”
275 4:11 vc6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово נֹ֛פֶת 0 **honey and milk are under your tongue** Because “milk and honey” is a common phrase in the Bible, you should translate literally. Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for: (1) the sweet taste of the woman’s kisses or (2) the woman’s words. Milk is a metaphor for luxury, owning many things that help people enjoy life. When the woman kisses the man, he enjoys life.
276 4:11 nyc9 слово 0 **the fragrance of your garments is like the fragrance of Lebanon** “the smell of your clothes is like the smell of Lebanon.” Many cedar trees grew in Lebanon. Cedar trees smell very good, so Lebanon would have smelled sweet and fresh.
277 4:11 fw88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Your lips … drip honey** Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for (1) the sweet taste of the woman’s kisses or (2) the woman’s words.
278 4:12 i5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово גַּ֥ן 0 **a spring that is sealed** “a spring with a cover on it.” The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin.
279 4:12 j45u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **is a garden locked up** “is a garden that no one can enter.” The garden is a metaphor for the woman, and the lock is a metaphor for her still being a virgin.
280 4:12 nrw6 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md).
281 4:12 whp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **My sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md). Alternate translation: “My dear” or “My darling”
282 4:13 i3mi слово שְׁלָחַ֨יִ⁠ךְ֙ 0 **a grove** a place where many trees grow together
283 4:13 dju5 слово 0 **henna** small desert trees that people used as a perfume. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
284 4:13 eji6 слово 0 **with choice fruits** Alternate translation: “with the best kinds of fruits”
285 4:13 uvg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche слово 0 **Your branches** branches or channels of rivers, a clear euphemism for the female body part. If any reference to this would be offensive, translate it as a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “You” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
286 4:13 q938 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נְרָדִֽים 1 See how you translated the word **nard** in [1:12](../01/12.md).
287 4:14 p646 слово נֵ֣רְדְּ 0 **all the finest spices** Alternate translation: “all the best spices”
288 4:14 bm3m слово 0 **aloes** a type of large plant that had a very sweet smell
289 4:14 ujr7 слово 0 **calamus** a reed with a pleasant smell that people used to make anointing oil.
290 4:14 w1cm слово 0 **cinnamon** a spice made from the bark of a tree that people used for cooking
293 4:14 e6n8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נֵ֣רְדְּ 1 See how you translated the word **nard** in [1:12](../01/12.md).
294 4:15 t9ch слово 0 **fresh water** water that is good to drink
295 4:15 zl7c слово 0 **streams flowing down from Lebanon** Because Lebanon had mountains covered with trees, the streams from Lebanon were clean and cool.
296 4:15 z2an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово מַעְיַ֣ן 0 **You are a garden spring** “You are a spring in a garden.” A garden spring gives sweet, clean water that people enjoy drinking. The man enjoys being close to the woman.
297 4:16 x71g слово 0 **Awake, north wind** Alternate translation: “North wind, start blowing”
298 4:16 jv5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification слово 0 **Awake, north wind; come, south wind; blow** The woman speaks to the north wind and the south wind as though they were people. Alternate translation: “I wish the north wind and south wind would come and blow”
299 4:16 l273 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **blow on my garden** The garden is a metaphor for her body, which she has covered with sweet-smelling oils ([Song of Songs 4:14](./12.md)).
300 4:16 mbn7 слово 0 **choice fruit** Alternate translation: “wonderful fruit”
301 4:16 kdi9 слово ע֤וּרִי 0 **may give off their fragrance** Alternate translation: “may send out their good smells”
302 4:16 lqh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **May my beloved … choice fruit** The woman is inviting the man to make love to her.
303 4:16 dp46 слово 0 **my beloved** This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
304 5:1 i16q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово 0 **Eat … drink … be drunk with love** Eating and drinking are metaphors for making love. Alternate translation: “Make love … make love … make love until you are fully satisfied”
306 5:1 m575 слово 0 **I have come** It is clearly the woman’s lover who is speaking.
307 5:1 psq4 слово 0 **my bride** This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son’s wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md).
308 5:1 tgd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **my sister** This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md). Alternate translation: “my dear” or “my darling”
309 5:1 lgr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor слово בָּ֣אתִי 0 **myrrh … spice … honeycomb … honey … wine … milk** These are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md), [Song of Songs 2:4](../02/03.md), [Song of Songs 4:11](../04/10.md), and [Song of Songs 4:14](../04/12.md)).
310 5:1 sq9d слово 0 **spice** plants that have a strong smell or taste
311 5:1 zka3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\n(See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
312 5:2 biy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom слово 0 **but my heart was awake** The heart is the center of thought and feeling. Alternate translation: “but I could think clearly” or “but I knew what I was feeling”
313 5:2 yh2r слово 0 **dew** drops of water or mist that form as the night becomes cool
314 5:2 tk43 слово אֲנִ֥י 0 **my beloved** This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
315 5:2 c27j слово 0 **my dove** See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:14](../02/14.md).
316 5:2 d3gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis слово 0 **my hair with the night’s dampness** The words “is wet” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “my hair is wet with the night’s dampness”
317 5:2 d52k слово 0 **my love** “you whom I love.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).