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:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ugg/src/branch/master/content/tense.rst
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.. _tense:
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Tense
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=====
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Glossary
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--------
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**Tense** is a form of a verb which indicates the speaker's perspective
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or viewpoint of the *time of action* and the *kind of action* of the
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verb.
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Article
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-------
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The *time of action* can be *past*, *present* or *future*. The *kind of
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action* can be *mere occurrence*, *duration* or *completion*.
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Greek has 10 \* forms\*:
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1. **present tense** generally refers to present time and durative
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action
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2. **imperfect tense** generally refers to past time and durative
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action
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3. **aorist tense** generally refers to past time and mere occurrence
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4. **2nd aorist** is different in form but has the same meaning as
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*aorist*
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5. **perfect tense** generally refers to past time and completed action
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6. **2nd perfect** is different in form but has the same meaning as
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*perfect*
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7. **pluperfect tense** generally refers to (more remote) past time and
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completed action
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8. **2nd pluperfect** is different in form but has the same meaning as
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*pluperfect*
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9. **future tense** refers to future time and any of the kinds of
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action
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10. **2nd future** is different in from but has the same meaning as
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*future*
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Older Greek grammars often refer to **tense** while some newer grammars
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call this \*\* form\*\* in order to emphasis *verbal aspect*. A modern
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approach is to refer to the *form* (or morphological encoding) as
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**tense form**, while referring to the concept of the *viewpoint of the
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action * as *aspect.*
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