75 lines
3.8 KiB
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75 lines
3.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/gender_masculine.rst
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.. _gender_masculine:
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Gender Masculine
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================
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.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/gender_masculine-summary.rst
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Article
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-------
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In Biblical Aramaic, :ref:`nouns<noun>` are classified according to gender, either masculine, :ref:`feminine<gender_feminine>`, or
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sometimes :ref:`both<gender_both>`. Grammatical modifiers (such as :ref:`adjectives<adjective>`, :ref:`active<participle_active>`
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and :ref:`passive<participle_passive>` participles, :ref:`pronouns<pronoun>`, :ref:`pronominal suffixes<suffix_pronominal>`)
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change their endings in order to agree with the gender of the term they refer to. A :ref:`finite verb<verb-finite>`
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with masculine gender indicates a masculine subject. All references to male persons in Biblical Aramaic are masculine.
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However, other entities apart from people can also be classified as masculine. For example, the :ref:`proper names <noun_proper_name>`
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of nations and tribes are often masculine in Biblical Aramaic. Some :ref:`particles<particle>` are also marked for gender
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in Biblical Aramaic.
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.. note:: Some nouns appear to be masculine but are actually feminine, even some common
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nouns such as אֶבֶן (stone). That is, some nouns are feminine even though they do NOT take feminine
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endings. A dictionary or lexicon will indicate the proper gender for each word.
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Form
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----
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Masculine :ref:`singular<number_singular>` :ref:`nouns<noun>` and :ref:`adjectives<adjective>` have no unique ending;
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they are the standard dictionary form.
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.. csv-table:: Masculine Noun/Adjective Forms
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular absolute,טָב,tobh,"good" or "good thing"
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masculine singular construct,טָב,tobh,"good of" or "good thing of"
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masculine singular determined,טָבָא,tobha',"the good" or "the good thing"
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masculine plural absolute,טָבִין,tobhiyn,"good" or "good things"
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masculine plural construct,טָבֵי,tobhey," good of" or "good things of"
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masculine singular absolute,טָבַיָּא,tobhayya',"the good(s)" or "the good things"
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.. csv-table:: Pe'al Perfect Masculine Forms
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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second person masculine singular,כְּתַבְתְּ,kethabhte,"you wrote"
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second person masculine plural,כְּתַבְתּוּן,kethabhtun,"you wrote"
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third person masculine singular,כְּתַב,kethabh,"he wrote"
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third person masculine plural,כְתַבוּ,kethabhu,"they wrote"
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.. csv-table:: Pe'al Imperfect Masculine Forms
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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second person masculine singular,תִּכְתֻּב,tikhtubh,"you will write"
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second person masculine plural,תִּכְתְּבוּן,tikhtebhun,"you will write"
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third person masculine singular,יִכְתֻּב,yikhtubh,"he will write"
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third person masculine plural,יִכְתְּבוּן,yikhtebhun,"they will write"
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.. csv-table:: Independent Personal Pronoun Masculine Forms
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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second person masculine singular,אַנְתְּ (or אַנְתָּה),'ante (or 'antah),"you"
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second person masculine plural,אַנתּוּן (or אַנתֹּם),'antun (or 'antom),"you"
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third person masculine singular,הוּא,hu',"he" or "it"
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third person masculine plural,הִמּוֹ (also הִמּוֹן or אִנּוּן),himmo (also himmon or 'innun),"they"
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.. csv-table:: Pronominal Suffix Masculine Forms
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Aramaic,Transliteration,Gloss
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second person masculine singular,־ָךְ,-akh,"your" or "you"
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second person masculine plural,־כֹם,-khom,"your" or "you"
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third person masculine singular,־ֵהּ,-eh,"his" or "him"
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third person masculine plural,־הֹם,-hom,"theirs" or "them"
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