Update 'content/particle_affirmation.rst'
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Biblical Aramaic contains three major particles that, used either
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Biblical Aramaic contains some particles that, used either
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individually or in combination, express an "affirmation of" or "addition
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individually or in combination, express an "affirmation of" or "addition
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to" some aspect of the text. These particles can have a scope as narrow
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to" some aspect of the text. These particles can have a scope as narrow
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as a single word or phrase, or as broad as an entire sentence or
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as a single word or phrase, or as broad as an entire sentence or
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paragraph.
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paragraph.
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אַף
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---
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This word is flexible in meaning; sometimes it appears to function more
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like a :ref:`conjunction` and sometimes more like an :ref:`adverb`.
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This word does not have a single translation value, but must be
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translated with great sensitivity to its context. In English, אַף is
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often translated with a family of different words, including "also",
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"even", "only", "truly", and/or other terms that can convey the general
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concepts of affirmation or addition. Sometimes it is left untranslated,
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in instances where there is no satisfactory way to communicate the sense
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of the word as used in its specific context.
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גַּם
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----
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Like אַף, this word appears to function sometimes more like a
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:ref:`conjunction` and sometimes more like an :ref:`adverb`.
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This word does not have a single translation value, but must be
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translated with great sensitivity to its context. In English, גַּם is
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often translated with a family of different words, including "also",
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"indeed", "even", and/or other terms that can convey the general
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concepts of affirmation or addition.
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כִּי
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----
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.. include:: includes/ci_flexible.txt
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אַף כִּי
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--------
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When paired together, these two particles function as a single unit,
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expressing a strong sense of affirmation or addition. Again, this
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compound particle must be translated with extreme sensitivity to the
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context in order to convey its precise nuance.
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אִם (after oath formulas)
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-------------------------
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When the word אִם follows oath formulas, it functions as an affirmation
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particle to strengthen the force of the oath, either negatively (as אִם
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alone) or positively (as אִם־לֹא).
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