diff --git a/content/stem.rst b/content/stem.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30693bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/stem.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem.rst
+
+.. _stem:
+
+Stem Formation
+==============
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+The stem formation of a verb indicates both the kind of verbal action
+(simple, stative, causative, etc.) and the voice (active, passive,
+reflexive, etc.) of the verb.
+
+Article
+-------
+
+In Biblical Hebrew, all :ref:`verbs<verb>` have both a stem formation (Qal, Niphal, Piel, etc.) and a conjugation
+(Perfect, Imperfect, Imperative, etc.). These work together like two "layers", and each layer supplies different
+information about the verb. In Biblical Hebrew, there are seven major stem formations and several rare ones.
+
+Form
+----
+
+This is a brief overview on how to quickly recognize the simplest forms
+of each stem:
+
+:ref:`Qal<stem_qal>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The simplest form of the verb, usually with "a" vowels (qamets or patah).
+
+:ref:`Niphal<stem_niphal>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Adds נִ (nun with hireq) to the beginning of the verb. If the form also
+adds a prefix (like in the prefix conjugation), the נ disappears and
+causes the 1st radical to double (with a daghesh).
+
+:ref:`Hiphil<stem_hiphil>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Often has הִ (he with hireq) before the verb, or a patah under the
+letter that the form adds before the root.
+
+:ref:`Hophal<stem_hophal>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Also adds a ה before the verb, but with a qamets hatuf (or sometimes
+qibbuts) vowel.
+
+
+:ref:`Piel<stem_piel>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Doubles the 2nd radical of the verb with a daghesh, and
+usually has a shewa or a hireq under the 1st radical.
+
+:ref:`Pual<stem_pual>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Also doubles the 2nd radical but usually has a qibbuts under the 1st
+radical.
+
+:ref:`Hithpael<stem_hithpael>` stem
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Adds הִתְ (he with hireq and taw with shewa) before the verb, and
+puts a qamets or patah under the 1st radical.
+
+Function
+--------
+
+The following table is a brief overview of the most common stems and
+their most common functions.
+
+.. csv-table:: Most Common Stem Functions
+
+    ,**Active Voice**,**Passive Voice**,**Reflexive Voice**
+  **Simple Action**,"Qal stem","Niphal stem",--
+  **Causative Action**,"Hiphil stem","Hophal stem",--
+  **Resultative Action**,"Piel stem","Pual stem","Hithpael stem" 
+
+The stem formation of a verb performs the following functions:
+
+Expresses the kind of verbal action
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. _stem-action-simple:
+
+Simple action
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Simple action refers to a typical :ref:`dynamic<verb-dynamic>` verb;
+that is, the verb describes an action being performed by the subject of the verb.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 16:2 –– Qal stem expressing simple action (dynamic verb)
+
+  וַתֹּ֨אמֶר שָׂרַ֜י אֶל־אַבְרָ֗ם
+  **wattomer** saray 'el-'avram
+  **And-she-said** Sarai to\_Abram
+  So Sarai **said** to Abram
+
+.. _stem-action-stative:
+
+Stative action
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Stative action refers to a typical :ref:`stative<verb-stative>` verb;
+that is, the verb describes the subject of the verb as being in a certain state/condition.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 6:11 –– Qal stem expressing stative action (stative verb)
+
+  וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ חָמָֽס
+  **wattimmale** ha'arets hamas
+  **and-it-was-full** the-earth violence
+  **and it was filled** with violence.
+
+.. _stem-action-causative:
+
+Causative action
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Causative action means that the subject of the verb is causing the
+object of the verb either to perform the verbal action (with :ref:`dynamic<verb-dynamic>` verbs)
+or to be in the state described by the verb (with :ref:`stative<verb-stative>` verbs).
+In English, causative action is expressed using the main verb "to cause" paired with the infinitive of the verbal action
+in view. In Biblical Hebrew, the causative nature of the verbal action
+is expressed by the stem formation itself with no additional
+verbal element.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 98:2 –– Hiphil stem expressing causative action of a dynamic verb ("to cause to know")
+
+  הוֹדִ֣יעַ יְ֭הוָה יְשׁוּעָת֑וֹ
+  **hodia'** yehwah yeshu'atho
+  **He-made-known** Yahweh his-salvation
+  Yahweh **has made known** his salvation
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 21:19 –– Piel stem expressing causative action of a stative verb ("to cause to be filled")
+
+  וַתֵּ֜לֶךְ **וַתְּמַלֵּ֤א** אֶת־הַחֵ֙מֶת֙ מַ֔יִם
+  wattelekh **wattemalle** 'eth-hahemeth mayim
+  and-she-went **and-she-filled** [dir.obj]\_the-skin-of water
+  She went **and filled** the skin with water
+
+.. _stem-action-resultative:
+
+Resultative action
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Resultative action means that the primary focus of the verb is on the
+result of the verbal action.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 21:6 –– Piel stem expressing resultative action
+
+  וַיִּתֵּ֣ן ... וְאֶת־הַיֶּ֖לֶד וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֶ֑הָ
+  wayyitten ... we'eth-hayyeled **wayeshalleheha**
+  and-he-gave ... and-[dir.obj]\_the-boy **and-he-sent-her-away**
+  He gave her the boy and **sent her away**
+
+.. _stem-action-intensive:
+
+Intensive action
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Intensive action means that the verbal action is strengthened in some
+way.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 9:25 –– Piel stem expressing intensive action
+
+  אֶת־מִזְבְּחֹתָם֙ תִּתֹּצ֔וּן וְאֶת־מַצֵּבֹתָ֖ם תְּשַׁבֵּר֑וּן
+  'eth-mizbehotham tittotsun we'eth-matsevotham **teshabberun**
+  "[dir.obj]\_their-altars you-break-down and-[dir.obj]\_their-pillars
+     **you-shatter**"
+  "you must break down their altars, **smash** their stone pillars"
+
+
+Expresses the voice of the verb
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. _stem-voice-active:
+
+Active voice
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Active voice means that the subject of the verb is performing the verbal action. Most verbs are in the active voice.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 16:2
+
+  וַתֹּ֨אמֶר שָׂרַ֜י אֶל־אַבְרָ֗ם
+  **wattomer** saray 'el-'avram
+  **And-she-said** Sarai to\_Abram
+  So Sarai **said** to Abram
+
+.. _stem-voice-passive:
+
+Passive voice
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Passive voice means that the subject of the verb is *receiving* the
+verbal action rather than *performing* the verbal action. In English, passive voice is
+expressed using the helping verb "to be." In Biblical Hebrew, the
+passive nature of the verbal action is expressed by the stem formation of
+the verb itself without any helping verbs.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: 2KI 21:18
+
+  וַיִּקָּבֵ֥ר בְּגַן־בֵּית֖וֹ
+  **wayyiqqaver** began-betho
+  **and-he-was-buried** in-garden-of\_his-house
+  **and he was buried** in the garden of his own house
+
+.. _stem-voice-reflexive:
+
+Reflexive voice
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Reflexive voice means that the subject of the verb is *both* performing
+*and* receiving the verbal action. In English, reflexive voice is expressed
+using a reflexive pronoun as the object of the verb, "I tell *myself*".
+In Biblical Hebrew, the reflexive nature of the verbal action is
+expressed by the stem formation of the verb itself without any additional
+words.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: NUM 1:21
+
+  הִבָּ֣דְל֔וּ מִתּ֖וֹךְ הָעֵדָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את
+  **hibbodlu** mittokh ha'edah hazzoth
+  **Separate-yourselves** from-midst-of the-congregation the-this
+  **Separate yourselves** from among this community
+
+.. _stem-voice-middle:
+
+Middle voice
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Middle voice means that the subject receives the action but also is
+(partially) involved in performing the action. Middle voice
+stands somewhere between passive voice and reflexive voice.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 3:5
+
+  וְנִפְקְח֖וּ עֵֽינֵיכֶ֑ם
+  **wenifqehu** 'enekhem
+  **and-they-will-be-opened** your-eyes
+  your eyes **will be opened**
+
+.. _stem-voice-reciprocal:
+
+Reciprocal voice
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Reciprocal voice means that multiple subjects are in view who are both
+performing the verbal action for another and receiving the verbal action from another.
+In English, reciprocal voice is expressed using the phrase "each other"
+as the object of the verb, "They tell each other." In Biblical Hebrew,
+the reciprocal nature of the action is expressed by the stem formation of
+the verb itself without any additional words.
+
+Reciprocal voice must be distinguished from reflexive voice. The phrase
+"They tell themselves" is reflexive: the subject "they" is a unified
+group and the action could be expressed reflexively for each individual
+as "he tells himself, and he tells himself, and she tells herself, etc."
+The phrase "They tell each other" is reciprocal: each member of the
+group is telling something to another member of the group, and each
+member of the group is being told something by another member of the
+group.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: 2KI 3:23
+
+  נֶֽחֶרְבוּ֙ הַמְּלָכִ֔ים
+  **nehervu** hammelakhim
+  **they-have-killed-each-other** the-kings
+  the kings **have killed each other**
+
+.. _stem-uncommon:
+
+Rare stem formations
+--------------------
+
+The following stem formations occur only rarely in Biblical Hebrew:
+:ref:`Hishtaphel<stem_hishtaphel>` – 
+:ref:`Hithpalpel<stem_hithpalpel>` – 
+:ref:`Hithpoel<stem_hithpoel>` – 
+:ref:`Hithpolel<stem_hithpolel>` – 
+:ref:`Hothpaal<stem_hothpaal>` – 
+:ref:`Nithpael<stem_nithpael>` – 
+:ref:`Palel<stem_palel>` – 
+:ref:`Pealal<stem_pealal>` – 
+:ref:`Pilel<stem_pilel>` – 
+:ref:`Pilpel<stem_pilpel>` – 
+:ref:`Poal<stem_poal>` – 
+:ref:`Poel<stem_poel>` – 
+:ref:`Polal<stem_polal>` – 
+:ref:`Polel<stem_polel>` – 
+:ref:`Polpal<stem_polpal>` – 
+:ref:`Pulal<stem_pulal>` – 
+:ref:`Qal Passive<stem_qal_passive>` – 
+:ref:`Tiphil<stem_tiphil>`.
\ No newline at end of file