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content/gender_both.rst

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+:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/gender_both.rst
+
+.. _gender_both:
+
+Gender Both
+===========
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+A word is classified as "both gender" if it contains both a masculine
+and a feminine form, or if a single form is masculine in
+some contexts and feminine in other contexts.
+
+Article
+-------
+
+Some words appear in both a
+:ref:`masculine<gender_masculine>`
+and a
+:ref:`feminine<gender_feminine>`
+form. Other words have only one form, but that single form can be either
+grammatically-masculine or grammatically-feminine. These kinds of words
+are classified as "gender both", and they are usually nouns or
+adjectives. Sometimes the context can determine the gender of a
+particular instance of a "gender both" noun (see examples below for
+שֶׁמֶשׁ), but sometimes the context is inconclusive (see example below for
+נֹגַהּ).
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+A single word with both masculine and feminine forms
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In the following example, the noun אוֹר (light) is masculine in form and
+takes grammatically-masculine verbs (יְהִ֣י and וַֽיְהִי).
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 1:3
+
+  וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֖ים יְהִ֣י **אֹ֑ור** וַֽיְהִי־\ **אֹֽור**\ ׃
+  wayyomer 'elohim yehi **'owr** wayehi-\ **'owr**
+  And-he-said God there-will-be **light** and-there-was\_\ **light**.
+  "God said, ""Let there be **light**,"" and there was **light**."
+
+In the following example, the noun אוֹרָה (light) is feminine in form and
+takes a grammatically-feminine verb (הָֽיְתָ֥ה).
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: EST 8:16
+
+  לַיְּהוּדִ֕ים הָֽיְתָ֥ה אֹורָ֖ה
+  layyehudim hayethah **'owrah**
+  To-the-Jews there-was **light**
+  The Jews had **light**
+
+A single form that can be either masculine or feminine
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In the following example, the noun שֶׁמֶשׁ (sun) is grammatically
+feminine.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 15:17
+
+  וַיְהִ֤י **הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙** בָּ֔אָה
+  wayhi **hashemesh** ba'ah
+  And-it-happened **the-sun** it-went
+  When **the sun** had gone down
+
+In the following example, the noun שֶׁמֶשׁ (sun) is grammatically
+masculine.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 19:23
+
+  הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ יָצָ֣א עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ
+  **hashemesh** yatsa 'al-ha'arets
+  **The-sun** it-went-out over\_the-earth
+  **The sun** had risen upon the earth
+
+In the following example, the noun נֹגַהּ (brightness) could be either masculine or
+feminine.
+
+.. csv-table:: Example: JOL 4:15
+
+  וְכוֹכָבִ֖ים אָסְפ֥וּ נָגְהָֽם
+  
+  And-stars they-withdraw their-\ **brightness**
+  the stars keep back their **brightness**