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@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
1:1 ej5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀκηκόαμεν 1 “об Иисусе, дающем жизнь”
1:1 rb73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ὃ ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν, ὃ ἐθεασάμεθα 1 Когда в этом послании употреблется слово “жизнь”, то речь, как правило, идёт не просто о физической жизни, но также и о духовной (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
1:1 j001 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν & αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 In your language, it might seem that these phrases express unnecessary extra information. If so, you could abbreviate them. However, your language may have its own way of using such extra information for emphasis, and you could also do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “whom we saw … and touched” or “whom we saw with our own eyes … and touched with our own hands” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
1:1 txog rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 In your language, it might seem that this phrase expresses unnecessary extra information. If so, you could abbreviate it. However, your language may have its own way of using such extra information for emphasis, and you could also do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “whom we touched” or “whom we touched with our own hands”
1:1 j002 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν & αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 The implications of what John is saying are that Jesus must have been a real human being, even though the false teachers are denying this. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly, as UST does. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1:1 j003 περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς 1 As the General Notes to this chapter suggest, you could put your translation of this phrase, **regarding the Word of life**, at the beginning of this verse and present it as a sentence of its own as a topical introduction to the letter, as UST does. Alternate translation: “We are writing to you about Jesus, the Word of life”
1:1 j004 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς 1 Letter writers of this time typically began by giving their own names. That is the case for most of the letters in the New Testament. This letter is an exception, but if it would be helpful to your readers, you could supply John’s name here, as UST does. As noted above, John uses the plural pronoun **we** because he is speaking on behalf of himself and the other eyewitnesses to Jesus’ earthly life. But it may be more natural in your language for him to refer to himself with a singular pronoun, and if so, you could do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “I, John, am writing to you about Jesus, the Word of life” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
@ -59,8 +60,8 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
1:7 j031 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ φωτί 1 John is using the word **light** figuratively to mean what is holy. Alternate translation: “as God is holy” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1:7 j032 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετ’ ἀλλήλων 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns, see how you expressed the idea behind the abstract noun **fellowship** in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “we are close friends with one another” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1:7 d7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ 1 This could mean one of two things. (1) John could be referring literally to the **blood** that Jesus offered as a sacrifice for sin. (2) John could be using the word **blood** figuratively to mean the sacrificial death of Jesus, by association with the **blood** that Jesus shed when he died. Alternate translation: “the death of Jesus” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1:7 j033 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1 John is speaking figuratively of **sin** as if it made a person dirty and of the **blood** of Jesus as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “takes away all our sin” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1:7 jb3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 **Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
1:7 j033 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1 John is speaking figuratively of **sin** as if it made a person dirty and of the **blood** of Jesus as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “takes away all our sin” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1:8 j034 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 “что мы никогда не грешили”
1:8 m8hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν 1 Об истине здесь говорится как о личности, обитающей в верующем. Альтернативный перевод: “и в нас нет веры в Божью истину” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
1:8 tt51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 John speaks figuratively of the **truth** as if it were an object that could be inside believers. Alternate translation: “we do not believe that what God says is true” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
1:9 agve rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐὰν ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν 1 Part of confessing sin to God is rejecting them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “If we confess our sins to God and turn away from them”
1:9 gb5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns πιστός ἐστιν & ἵνα ἀφῇ 1 The word **he** refers to God in both instances in this verse. Alternate translation: “God is faithful … and God will forgive” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
1:9 f68c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἵνα ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. John is likely using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them, especially if it might be confusing for your readers if you put both phrases in. Alternate translation: “and he will completely forgive us of what we have done wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1:9 оооо rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας 1 As in [1:7](../01/07.md), John is speaking of **sins** as if they made a person dirty and of God’s forgiveness as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “he should not hold against us anything that we have done wrong”
1:9 j038 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας 1 As in [1:7](../01/07.md), John is speaking figuratively as if **sins** made a person physically dirty and of God’s forgiveness as if it made a person physically clean. Alternate translation: “he should not hold against us anything that we have done wrong”
1:9 j039 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns πάσης ἀδικίας 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **unrighteousness** with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “anything that we have done wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1:10 j040 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι οὐχ ἡμαρτήκαμεν, ψεύστην ποιοῦμεν αὐτὸν 1 Имеется в виду, что человек, считающий себя безгрешным, выставляет Бога лжецом, поскольку не существует людей, не совершавших грех. Альтернативный перевод: “это всё равно, что назвать Бога лжецом, потому что все мы грешны” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
1:10 j041 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτὸν & αὐτοῦ 1 “Слово” — это метонимия “послания”. О повиновении и почитании Божьего слова говорится так, как будто это слово находится внутри нас. Альтернативный перевод: “мы не понимаем Божьего Слова и не повинуемся тому, что оно говорит” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
@ -92,9 +93,11 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
2:3 j049 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν, ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 “Мы знаем, что у нас с Ним хорошие взаимоотношения” или “мы знаем, что имеем мир с Богом”.
2:3 ubc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν, ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 If your language would not use a conditional statement with **if** for something that is true, you could express the same idea using a word like “by” or another way. Alternate translation: “there is a way to be sure that we truly know God. This is by obeying his commandments”
2:3 j050 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι 1 “повинуемся Его постановлениям”
2:3 tqxv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν τούτῳ 1 The pronoun **this** refers to the next thing that John says, that is, **if we keep his commandments**. Use a natural way in your language to make this clear. Alternate translation: “this is how”
2:3 el7q γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν 1 John is using the word **know** in two different senses. See the discussion of the word **know** in Part 3 of the Введение to 1 John. If your language has different words for these different senses, it would be appropriate to use them here. Alternate translation: “we can be assured that we have a close relationship with him”
2:3 j051 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτόν & αὐτοῦ 1 In this verse, the words **him** and **his** refer to God, the one who has given the commandments that people must obey. Alternate translation: “God … God’s” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2:3 qn85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 Here, **keep** is an idiom that means “obey.” Alternate translation: “if we obey what he has commanded” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2:3 p95x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could put this phrase first, as in the UST.
2:4 j052 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ὁ λέγων, ὅτι ἔγνωκα αὐτὸν, καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ μὴ τηρῶν, ψεύστης ἐστίν 1 “человек, который говорит”
2:4 kmz5 ὁ λέγων 1 “Я имею мир с Богом”
2:4 q665 ἔγνωκα αὐτὸν 1 “но не повинуется” или “но отказыается исполнять”
@ -114,6 +117,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
2:5 jdzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν 1 The word **this** could be referring to (1) what John is about to say in verse 6, or (2) what John has just said in verse 5, or (3) both. If your language allows it, you could choose option (3) since both verses are talking about completely obeying God, but most languages will need to choose one or the other.
2:5 b688 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν 1 John is speaking figuratively as if believers could be inside of God. This expression describes having a close relationship. Alternate translation: “we have a close relationship with God” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:6 u6lu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν 1 “Находиться в Боге” — значит “поддерживать с Ним глубокие взаимоотношения”. Альтернативный перевод: “что поддерживает взаимоотношения с Ним”, “что имеет с Ним единство” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:5-6 oi3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν: ὁ λέγων ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν, ὀφείλει καθὼς ἐκεῖνος περιεπάτησεν, καὶ αὐτὸς περιπατεῖν 1 If it would be a more natural order in your language, you could move the last sentence of verse 5 to the end of verse 6. You would then present the combined verses as 5-6. Alternate translation: “The one saying he remains in him ought, just as that one walked, also to walk himself. That is how we know that we are in him.”
2:6 j061 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν 1 Можно сказать: “тот должен жить так, как жил Иисус” или “он должен повиноваться Богу так, как это делал Христос” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:6 j062 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν αὐτῷ 1 The pronoun **him** refers to God. Alternate translation: “in God” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
2:6 x5n1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὀφείλει καθὼς ἐκεῖνος περιεπάτησεν, καὶ αὐτὸς περιπατεῖν 1 As in [1:6](../01/06.md) and [1:7](../01/07.md), John is using the word **walk** figuratively to mean how a person lives and behaves. Alternate translation: “must live as Jesus lived” or “must obey God just as Jesus did” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -136,6 +140,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
2:9 j069 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast καὶ 1 Свет явлется метафорой святости. Можно сказать: “что он поступает правильно”, “что не делает ничего плохого” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:9 j4f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Тьма является метафорой греха: “тот всё ещё продолжает пребывать во грехе”, “тот продолжает жить во зле” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:9 j070 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Although the term **brother** is masculine, John is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “a fellow believer” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2:9 fqx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 The phrase **his brother** represents any fellow believer in general, not one particular fellow believer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. See the UST.
2:9 mp9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), John is using the word **darkness** figuratively to mean what is wrong or evil. Alternate translation: “is doing what is wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:10 j072 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μένει 1 “И ничто не является для него преткновением”. “Преткновение” — это метафлра, употребляющаяся в значении “нравственное падение”, “духовный крах”, “грех”. Альтернативный перевод: “и ничто не способно заставить его согрешить”, “и все его дела угодны Богу” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:10 j073 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 See how you translated this in [2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “his fellow believer” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -236,6 +241,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
2:23 k78f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession οὐδὲ τὸν Πατέρα ἔχει & τὸν Πατέρα ἔχει 1 The language of possession that John is using actually indicates that such a person does not or does belong to God, rather than that God does not or does belong to such a person. Alternate translation: “does not belong to the Father … belongs to the Father” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2:23 j131 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Πατέρα & τὸν Πατέρα 1 This is an important title for God. Alternate translation: “God the Father … God the Father” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
2:23 u9ep rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ ὁμολογῶν τὸν Υἱὸν 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say explicitly what this means in light of John says in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Everyone who truly believes and acknowledges publicly that Jesus is the Son of God and the Messiah” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2:24 g8t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὑμεῖς 1 Here John turns from talking about people in general to giving direct instruction to his readers. He indicates this emphasis by beginning his instruction with **You**. Use a natural way to indicate this emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “As for you”
2:24 zl8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὃ ἠκούσατε & ὃ & ἠκούσατε 1 Местоимение “вы” употребляется здесь во множественном числе, поскольку речь идёт о читателях Иоанна и о других верующих (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]).
2:24 dsl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς & ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς 1 Иоанн убеждает Боьжих детей продолжать следовать тому, что они прежде слышали от него.
2:24 rfz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν ὑμῖν μενέτω & ἐν ὑμῖν μείνῃ 1 “То, что вы слышали” о праведной жизни, а не о жизни нечестивых людей.
@ -247,6 +253,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
2:25 id51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὴν ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον 1 John means more than physical **life**. This expression can indicate living forever in the presence of God after death, a commonly recognized meaning, but it can also indicate receiving power from God in this life to live in a new way. Alternate translation: “that we would have power to live a new life now and that we would live with him forever after we die” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2:26 fe44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τῶν πλανώντων ὑμᾶς 1 То есть “сеет среди вас ложные убеждения”. Можно сказать: “о тех, кто пытается убедить вас в обратном” или “о тех, кто пытается заставить вас поверить в ложь” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2:26 d3f5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τῶν πλανώντων ὑμᾶς 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state explicitly in what way these people are **leading** others astray. Alternate translation: “the people who are leading you astray about Jesus” or “the people who are lying to you about Jesus”
2:27 m8kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 Here John states again the emphasis that he started in [2:24](../02/24.md), continuing his direct instruction to his readers. Use a natural way to indicate this continuing emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “Now as for you”
2:27 cn2f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸ χρῖσμα ὃ ἐλάβετε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 С 29-го стиха Иоанн начинает развивать мысль о том, что значит быть рождённым от Бога. Из предыдущих стихов ясно, что верующие продолжают грешить; в этой части послания показывается, что Божьи дети получили новую природу, которая не способна грешить. Иоанн также говорит о том, как отличить верующего человека от неверующего.
2:27 j135 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ & αὐτοῦ & ἐν αὐτῷ 1 Иоанн имеет в виду, что Дух Святой учит верующих новому образу жизни, отличного от того, что присущ людям этого мира.
2:27 j136 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor μένει ἐν ὑμῖν 1 То есть “Святой Дух”. См., как вы перевели это слово в [1 Иоанна 2:20](../02/20.md).
@ -314,6 +321,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
3:8 j175 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἵνα λύσῃ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ διαβόλου 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say explicitly what this means in this context. Alternate translation: “so that he might free people from continually sinning, as the devil had gotten them to do” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3:9 ftw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ & ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ γεγέννηται 1 Иоанн завершает свою мысль о том, что верующие являются новым Божьим творением, неспособным грешить.
3:9 j176 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ & ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ γεγέννηται 1 Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: “Кто является Божьим сыном или дочерью” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3:9 cbdt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἁμαρτίαν οὐ ποιεῖ & οὐ δύναται ἁμαρτάνειν 1 See the discussion of the term “sin” in Part 3 of the Introduction to 1 John. The form of the verbs **commit** and **able** here may indicate a continual or habitual action. Alternate translation: “does not keep sinning … he is not able to keep sinning”
3:9 j177 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 Речь идёт о Святом Духе, Коорого Бог даёт верующим, чтобы они имели силу противостоять искушениям и исполнять Божью волю. Иоанн сравнивает Святого Духа с посаженным в почву семенем, которое имеет способность расти и которое является новым творение Господа. Альтернативный перевод: “потому что в нём находится Святой Дух” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3:9 j178 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: “потому что Бог дал ему новую жизнь” или “потому что он принадлежит Богу” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3:9 ps9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 John is using the word **seed** figuratively. It could mean one of two things. (1) This may be a metaphorical reference to the **seed** from which plants grow. Alternate translation: “the new life that God has put in that person continues to grow” (2) This may be a metaphorical reference to the characteristics of a father that a child is born with and displays more and more as he grows. Alternate translation: “the characteristics that show that God is his father become continually more evident” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -363,6 +371,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
3:18 p91w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 “Не на словах, только языком” — это дуплет, служащий для пояснения. Иоанн желает, чтобы верующие выражали свою любовь к ближним не только словами, но и делами. Альтернативный перевод: “не ограничивайтесь только словами любви, но доказывайте делом, что любите своих ближних” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]], [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]).
3:18 j203 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 John is using the phrases **in word** and **in tongue** figuratively to refer to what a person says. Alternate translation: “let us not merely say that we love” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:18 b4mm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 John is not saying that we should never express love through words. He is using hyperbole to make a contrast between words and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include a word such as “only” or “merely.” Alternate translation: “let us not love only by what we say”
3:18 bqz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could put the negative **not** before **in word**, rather than before **love**. Alternate translation: “let us love not in word nor in tongue”
3:18 j204 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἀλλὰ ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 John is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “but let us love in deed and in truth” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
3:18 j205 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 John is expressing a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **truth** indicates the quality that loving **in deed** would have. Alternate translation: “truly, in actions” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
3:19 d70n rc://*/ta/man/checking/headings 0 If you are using section headings, you could put one here before verse 19. Suggested heading: “Have Confidence When You Pray”
@ -462,6 +471,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
4:9 y4m8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Here the phrase **the love of God** refers to God loving people. Alternate translation: “God’s love for us” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
4:9 j269 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμῖν 1 The expression **among us** likely refers to all of humanity, not just to the people who saw and heard Jesus when he was alive, so this would be an inclusive use of the term **us** that would include the believers to whom John is writing. John says later in the sentence that Jesus came **so that we might live through him**, and **we** in that instance does include these believers. So it is likely that **us** earlier in the sentence includes them as well. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
4:9 j270 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ 1 This is an important title for Jesus. Alternate translation: “his Son Jesus” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
4:9 xzpr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj τὸν μονογενῆ 1 The adjectives **One and Only** function here as nouns to mean that God has no other Son like Jesus. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could add the noun “Son” to this phrase. Alternate translation: “his One and Only Son”
4:9 j272 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy εἰς τὸν κόσμον 1 John uses **world** to mean various things in this letter. Here it refers to the created world. Alternate translation: “to this earth” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4:9 wxf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἵνα ζήσωμεν 1 Since people were already literally alive before Jesus came, John means this in a figurative sense. He is likely referring to what he calls “eternal life” in [3:15](../03/15.md). That includes both living forever in the presence of God after death and receiving power from God in this life to live in a new way. Alternate translation: “so that we might receive power from God to live as new people in this life and to live forever in God’s presence after we die” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4:10 v1zv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ ἐστὶν ἡ ἀγάπη 1 “Истинная Божья любовь заключается в том, что”
@ -476,6 +486,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
4:12 vt14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἡ ἀγάπη αὐτοῦ τετελειωμένη ἐν ἡμῖν ἐστιν 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:5](../02/05.md). In this case, it is clear that John is referring to God’s love for us, rather than to our love for God. Alternate translation: “God’s love has achieved its purpose in our lives” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4:13 gj7p ὅτι 1 “Потому, что Он дал нам Своего Святого Духа или “потому чо Он поместил в нас Своего Святого Духа” (ваши читатели не должны думать, что раз Бог дал нам Своего Духа, с Ним Его не осталось).
4:13 j276 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι 1 “Находиться в Боге” — значит иметь общение с Ним. См, как вы перевели аналогичную мысль в [1 Иоанна 2:6](../02/06.md). Альтернативный перевод: “когда мы имеем общение с Богом, Он имеет общение с нами” или “когда мы едины с Богом, Он един с нами” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
4:13 pte0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν 1 The pronoun **this** refers forward to what John says in the second part of this verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Here is the reason that we know”
4:13 m69h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἐν αὐτῷ μένομεν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν ἡμῖν 1 “И Он находится в нас” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]).
4:13 yv6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένομεν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν ἡμῖν 1 Можно сказать: “мы понимаем это потому, что Он дал нам” или “нам известно это потому, что Он дал нам”.
4:13 dge3 ἐκ τοῦ Πνεύματος αὐτοῦ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν 1 The word **of** means “some of.” John is not saying that God has only given some of his Spirit to the whole community of believers. Rather, John is saying that through his Spirit, God is fully present in the entire community, and that each believer experiences some of that full presence of God through the presence of the Spirit in his own life. Be sure that it is also clear in your translation that God does not have less of his Spirit now that each of us has some. Alternate translation: “he has sent his Spirit to live in each of us”
@ -540,8 +551,9 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
5:4 j308 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶν τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Под “миром” подразумеваются грешнные люди и нечестивые системы общества. Альтернативный перевод: “всё, что в этом мире выступает против Бога” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
5:4 g3uw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor νικᾷ τὸν κόσμον 1 “Наша вера даёт нам силу противостоять всему, что склоняет нас ко греху” или “наша вера дает нам силу сопротивляться всему, что приводит людей к бунту против Бога”.
5:4 yq2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν κόσμον 1 See how you translated the term **world** in [2:15](../02/15.md). It has a similar meaning in this verse. Alternate translation: “the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5:4 j309 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἡ νίκη 1 John is speaking figuratively of the thing that has won **the victory** as if it were **the victory** itself. Alternate translation: “what has won the victory” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5:4 hrkm rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα 1 Here, **the triumph that has triumphed over** is an emphatic construction that uses a noun and verb that come from the same root. You may be able to use a similar construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.
5:4 k26g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **victory** by combining it with the verb **overcome**. Alternate translation: “what has enabled us to overcome”
5:4 j309 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἡ νίκη 1 John is speaking figuratively of the thing that has won **the victory** as if it were **the victory** itself. Alternate translation: “what has won the victory” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5:4 tf9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ νικήσασα τὸν κόσμον 1 Once again John is using the word **overcome** figuratively. He is speaking of the **faith** that he and his readers share as if it had defeated the ungodly value system in a struggle. Alternate translation: “that enables us to live differently from the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5:4 j310 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν κόσμον 1 John is using the term **world** to mean the same thing as in the previous sentence. Alternate translation: “the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5:4 w8ob rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a verb such as “believe.” Alternate translation: “that we believe in Jesus”
@ -589,6 +601,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
5:13 j331 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον 1 Это важное звание Иисуса, раскрывающее глуину Его взаимоотношений с Богом (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]).
5:14 j332 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτόν: ὅτι 1 Вместо абстрактного существительного “уверенность” можно употребить краткое прилагательное: “и вот, почему мы уверены: мы знаем, что Бог” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
5:14 yj31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτόν: ὅτι 1 “если мы просим чего-либо в соответствии с Его волей”
5:14 rlcu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὕτη 1 The pronoun **this** refers to what John is about to say in the rest of the verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you what”
5:14 j333 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτόν & αὐτοῦ & ἀκούει 1 The pronouns **him**, **his**, and **he** refer to God in this verse. It might be natural in your language to use the name “God” in the first instance and pronouns in the other instances. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
5:14 j334 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀκούει ἡμῶν 1 As in [4:5](../04/05.md), the word **listens** is an idiom. However, the meaning here is not as strong as the meaning there, “is persuaded by.” Rather, this refers to God hearing our prayers with a disposition to grant what we ask. Alternate translation: “he is disposed to give it to us” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
5:15 j335 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact ἐὰν οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀκούει ἡμῶν 1 “знаем, что получим от Бога всё, что у Него попросили”
@ -610,7 +623,6 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Введение в 1 послание Иоанна #\n\
5:18 j348 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Речь идёт о дьяволе, сатане.
5:18 j349 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:6](../03/06.md). Alternate translation: “does not sin wantonly and continually” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5:18 j350 ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 This is a description of Jesus, whom John calls “the only-begotten” in [4:9](../04/09.md). See how you translated that expression there. Alternate translation: “Jesus, God’s actual Child”
5:18 j351 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τηρεῖ ἑαυτὸν 1 This could mean one of two things. Alternate translation: (1) “keeps him in a close relationship with God” or (2) “keeps him from sinning” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5:18 l7h8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj ὁ πονηρὸς 1 As in [2:13](../02/13.md), John is using the adjective **evil** as a noun in order to indicate a specific being. ULT adds **one** to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the one who is evil” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
5:18 j352 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ὁ πονηρὸς 1 John is speaking figuratively of the devil, by association with the way that he is **evil**. Alternate translation: “the devil” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5:18 j353 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “cannot harm him” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
8 1:1 ej5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀκηκόαμεν 1 “об Иисусе, дающем жизнь”
9 1:1 rb73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ὃ ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν, ὃ ἐθεασάμεθα 1 Когда в этом послании употреблется слово “жизнь”, то речь, как правило, идёт не просто о физической жизни, но также и о духовной (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
10 1:1 j001 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν & αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 In your language, it might seem that these phrases express unnecessary extra information. If so, you could abbreviate them. However, your language may have its own way of using such extra information for emphasis, and you could also do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “whom we saw … and touched” or “whom we saw with our own eyes … and touched with our own hands” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo]])
11 1:1 txog rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 In your language, it might seem that this phrase expresses unnecessary extra information. If so, you could abbreviate it. However, your language may have its own way of using such extra information for emphasis, and you could also do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “whom we touched” or “whom we touched with our own hands”
12 1:1 j002 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἑωράκαμεν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν & αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν ἐψηλάφησαν 1 The implications of what John is saying are that Jesus must have been a real human being, even though the false teachers are denying this. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly, as UST does. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13 1:1 j003 περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς 1 As the General Notes to this chapter suggest, you could put your translation of this phrase, **regarding the Word of life**, at the beginning of this verse and present it as a sentence of its own as a topical introduction to the letter, as UST does. Alternate translation: “We are writing to you about Jesus, the Word of life”
14 1:1 j004 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns περὶ τοῦ λόγου τῆς ζωῆς 1 Letter writers of this time typically began by giving their own names. That is the case for most of the letters in the New Testament. This letter is an exception, but if it would be helpful to your readers, you could supply John’s name here, as UST does. As noted above, John uses the plural pronoun **we** because he is speaking on behalf of himself and the other eyewitnesses to Jesus’ earthly life. But it may be more natural in your language for him to refer to himself with a singular pronoun, and if so, you could do that in your translation. Alternate translation: “I, John, am writing to you about Jesus, the Word of life” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
60 1:7 j031 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ φωτί 1 John is using the word **light** figuratively to mean what is holy. Alternate translation: “as God is holy” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
61 1:7 j032 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετ’ ἀλλήλων 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns, see how you expressed the idea behind the abstract noun **fellowship** in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “we are close friends with one another” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
62 1:7 d7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ 1 This could mean one of two things. (1) John could be referring literally to the **blood** that Jesus offered as a sacrifice for sin. (2) John could be using the word **blood** figuratively to mean the sacrificial death of Jesus, by association with the **blood** that Jesus shed when he died. Alternate translation: “the death of Jesus” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1:7 j033 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1 John is speaking figuratively of **sin** as if it made a person dirty and of the **blood** of Jesus as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “takes away all our sin” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
63 1:7 jb3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 **Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
64 1:7 j033 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1 John is speaking figuratively of **sin** as if it made a person dirty and of the **blood** of Jesus as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “takes away all our sin” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
65 1:8 j034 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 “что мы никогда не грешили”
66 1:8 m8hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν 1 Об истине здесь говорится как о личности, обитающей в верующем. Альтернативный перевод: “и в нас нет веры в Божью истину” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
67 1:8 tt51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 John speaks figuratively of the **truth** as if it were an object that could be inside believers. Alternate translation: “we do not believe that what God says is true” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
70 1:9 agve rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐὰν ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν 1 Part of confessing sin to God is rejecting them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “If we confess our sins to God and turn away from them”
71 1:9 gb5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns πιστός ἐστιν & ἵνα ἀφῇ 1 The word **he** refers to God in both instances in this verse. Alternate translation: “God is faithful … and God will forgive” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
72 1:9 f68c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἵνα ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. John is likely using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them, especially if it might be confusing for your readers if you put both phrases in. Alternate translation: “and he will completely forgive us of what we have done wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
73 1:9 оооо j038 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας 1 As in [1:7](../01/07.md), John is speaking of **sins** as if they made a person dirty and of God’s forgiveness as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “he should not hold against us anything that we have done wrong” As in [1:7](../01/07.md), John is speaking figuratively as if **sins** made a person physically dirty and of God’s forgiveness as if it made a person physically clean. Alternate translation: “he should not hold against us anything that we have done wrong”
74 1:9 j039 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns πάσης ἀδικίας 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **unrighteousness** with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “anything that we have done wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
75 1:10 j040 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι οὐχ ἡμαρτήκαμεν, ψεύστην ποιοῦμεν αὐτὸν 1 Имеется в виду, что человек, считающий себя безгрешным, выставляет Бога лжецом, поскольку не существует людей, не совершавших грех. Альтернативный перевод: “это всё равно, что назвать Бога лжецом, потому что все мы грешны” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
76 1:10 j041 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτὸν & αὐτοῦ 1 “Слово” — это метонимия “послания”. О повиновении и почитании Божьего слова говорится так, как будто это слово находится внутри нас. Альтернативный перевод: “мы не понимаем Божьего Слова и не повинуемся тому, что оно говорит” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
93 2:3 j049 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν, ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 “Мы знаем, что у нас с Ним хорошие взаимоотношения” или “мы знаем, что имеем мир с Богом”.
94 2:3 ubc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν, ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 If your language would not use a conditional statement with **if** for something that is true, you could express the same idea using a word like “by” or another way. Alternate translation: “there is a way to be sure that we truly know God. This is by obeying his commandments”
95 2:3 j050 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι 1 “повинуемся Его постановлениям”
96 2:3 tqxv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν τούτῳ 1 The pronoun **this** refers to the next thing that John says, that is, **if we keep his commandments**. Use a natural way in your language to make this clear. Alternate translation: “this is how”
97 2:3 el7q γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν αὐτόν 1 John is using the word **know** in two different senses. See the discussion of the word **know** in Part 3 of the Введение to 1 John. If your language has different words for these different senses, it would be appropriate to use them here. Alternate translation: “we can be assured that we have a close relationship with him”
98 2:3 j051 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτόν & αὐτοῦ 1 In this verse, the words **him** and **his** refer to God, the one who has given the commandments that people must obey. Alternate translation: “God … God’s” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
99 2:3 qn85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 Here, **keep** is an idiom that means “obey.” Alternate translation: “if we obey what he has commanded” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
100 2:3 p95x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could put this phrase first, as in the UST.
101 2:4 j052 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ὁ λέγων, ὅτι ἔγνωκα αὐτὸν, καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ μὴ τηρῶν, ψεύστης ἐστίν 1 “человек, который говорит”
102 2:4 kmz5 ὁ λέγων 1 “Я имею мир с Богом”
103 2:4 q665 ἔγνωκα αὐτὸν 1 “но не повинуется” или “но отказыается исполнять”
117 2:5 jdzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν 1 The word **this** could be referring to (1) what John is about to say in verse 6, or (2) what John has just said in verse 5, or (3) both. If your language allows it, you could choose option (3) since both verses are talking about completely obeying God, but most languages will need to choose one or the other.
118 2:5 b688 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν 1 John is speaking figuratively as if believers could be inside of God. This expression describes having a close relationship. Alternate translation: “we have a close relationship with God” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
119 2:6 u6lu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν 1 “Находиться в Боге” — значит “поддерживать с Ним глубокие взаимоотношения”. Альтернативный перевод: “что поддерживает взаимоотношения с Ним”, “что имеет с Ним единство” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
120 2:5-6 oi3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐσμεν: ὁ λέγων ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν, ὀφείλει καθὼς ἐκεῖνος περιεπάτησεν, καὶ αὐτὸς περιπατεῖν 1 If it would be a more natural order in your language, you could move the last sentence of verse 5 to the end of verse 6. You would then present the combined verses as 5-6. Alternate translation: “The one saying he remains in him ought, just as that one walked, also to walk himself. That is how we know that we are in him.”
121 2:6 j061 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένειν 1 Можно сказать: “тот должен жить так, как жил Иисус” или “он должен повиноваться Богу так, как это делал Христос” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
122 2:6 j062 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν αὐτῷ 1 The pronoun **him** refers to God. Alternate translation: “in God” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
123 2:6 x5n1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὀφείλει καθὼς ἐκεῖνος περιεπάτησεν, καὶ αὐτὸς περιπατεῖν 1 As in [1:6](../01/06.md) and [1:7](../01/07.md), John is using the word **walk** figuratively to mean how a person lives and behaves. Alternate translation: “must live as Jesus lived” or “must obey God just as Jesus did” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
140 2:9 j069 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast καὶ 1 Свет явлется метафорой святости. Можно сказать: “что он поступает правильно”, “что не делает ничего плохого” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
141 2:9 j4f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Тьма является метафорой греха: “тот всё ещё продолжает пребывать во грехе”, “тот продолжает жить во зле” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
142 2:9 j070 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 Although the term **brother** is masculine, John is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “a fellow believer” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
143 2:9 fqx8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 The phrase **his brother** represents any fellow believer in general, not one particular fellow believer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. See the UST.
144 2:9 mp9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), John is using the word **darkness** figuratively to mean what is wrong or evil. Alternate translation: “is doing what is wrong” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
145 2:10 j072 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μένει 1 “И ничто не является для него преткновением”. “Преткновение” — это метафлра, употребляющаяся в значении “нравственное падение”, “духовный крах”, “грех”. Альтернативный перевод: “и ничто не способно заставить его согрешить”, “и все его дела угодны Богу” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
146 2:10 j073 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ 1 See how you translated this in [2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “his fellow believer” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
241 2:23 k78f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession οὐδὲ τὸν Πατέρα ἔχει & τὸν Πατέρα ἔχει 1 The language of possession that John is using actually indicates that such a person does not or does belong to God, rather than that God does not or does belong to such a person. Alternate translation: “does not belong to the Father … belongs to the Father” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
242 2:23 j131 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Πατέρα & τὸν Πατέρα 1 This is an important title for God. Alternate translation: “God the Father … God the Father” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
243 2:23 u9ep rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ ὁμολογῶν τὸν Υἱὸν 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say explicitly what this means in light of John says in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Everyone who truly believes and acknowledges publicly that Jesus is the Son of God and the Messiah” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
244 2:24 g8t4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὑμεῖς 1 Here John turns from talking about people in general to giving direct instruction to his readers. He indicates this emphasis by beginning his instruction with **You**. Use a natural way to indicate this emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “As for you”
245 2:24 zl8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὃ ἠκούσατε & ὃ & ἠκούσατε 1 Местоимение “вы” употребляется здесь во множественном числе, поскольку речь идёт о читателях Иоанна и о других верующих (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]).
246 2:24 dsl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς & ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς 1 Иоанн убеждает Боьжих детей продолжать следовать тому, что они прежде слышали от него.
247 2:24 rfz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν ὑμῖν μενέτω & ἐν ὑμῖν μείνῃ 1 “То, что вы слышали” о праведной жизни, а не о жизни нечестивых людей.
253 2:25 id51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὴν ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον 1 John means more than physical **life**. This expression can indicate living forever in the presence of God after death, a commonly recognized meaning, but it can also indicate receiving power from God in this life to live in a new way. Alternate translation: “that we would have power to live a new life now and that we would live with him forever after we die” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
254 2:26 fe44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τῶν πλανώντων ὑμᾶς 1 То есть “сеет среди вас ложные убеждения”. Можно сказать: “о тех, кто пытается убедить вас в обратном” или “о тех, кто пытается заставить вас поверить в ложь” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
255 2:26 d3f5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τῶν πλανώντων ὑμᾶς 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state explicitly in what way these people are **leading** others astray. Alternate translation: “the people who are leading you astray about Jesus” or “the people who are lying to you about Jesus”
256 2:27 m8kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 Here John states again the emphasis that he started in [2:24](../02/24.md), continuing his direct instruction to his readers. Use a natural way to indicate this continuing emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “Now as for you”
257 2:27 cn2f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸ χρῖσμα ὃ ἐλάβετε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 С 29-го стиха Иоанн начинает развивать мысль о том, что значит быть рождённым от Бога. Из предыдущих стихов ясно, что верующие продолжают грешить; в этой части послания показывается, что Божьи дети получили новую природу, которая не способна грешить. Иоанн также говорит о том, как отличить верующего человека от неверующего.
258 2:27 j135 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ & αὐτοῦ & ἐν αὐτῷ 1 Иоанн имеет в виду, что Дух Святой учит верующих новому образу жизни, отличного от того, что присущ людям этого мира.
259 2:27 j136 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor μένει ἐν ὑμῖν 1 То есть “Святой Дух”. См., как вы перевели это слово в [1 Иоанна 2:20](../02/20.md).
321 3:8 j175 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἵνα λύσῃ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ διαβόλου 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say explicitly what this means in this context. Alternate translation: “so that he might free people from continually sinning, as the devil had gotten them to do” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
322 3:9 ftw3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ & ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ γεγέννηται 1 Иоанн завершает свою мысль о том, что верующие являются новым Божьим творением, неспособным грешить.
323 3:9 j176 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ & ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ γεγέννηται 1 Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: “Кто является Божьим сыном или дочерью” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
324 3:9 cbdt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἁμαρτίαν οὐ ποιεῖ & οὐ δύναται ἁμαρτάνειν 1 See the discussion of the term “sin” in Part 3 of the Introduction to 1 John. The form of the verbs **commit** and **able** here may indicate a continual or habitual action. Alternate translation: “does not keep sinning … he is not able to keep sinning”
325 3:9 j177 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 Речь идёт о Святом Духе, Коорого Бог даёт верующим, чтобы они имели силу противостоять искушениям и исполнять Божью волю. Иоанн сравнивает Святого Духа с посаженным в почву семенем, которое имеет способность расти и которое является новым творение Господа. Альтернативный перевод: “потому что в нём находится Святой Дух” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
326 3:9 j178 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: “потому что Бог дал ему новую жизнь” или “потому что он принадлежит Богу” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
327 3:9 ps9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor σπέρμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ μένει 1 John is using the word **seed** figuratively. It could mean one of two things. (1) This may be a metaphorical reference to the **seed** from which plants grow. Alternate translation: “the new life that God has put in that person continues to grow” (2) This may be a metaphorical reference to the characteristics of a father that a child is born with and displays more and more as he grows. Alternate translation: “the characteristics that show that God is his father become continually more evident” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
371 3:18 p91w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 “Не на словах, только языком” — это дуплет, служащий для пояснения. Иоанн желает, чтобы верующие выражали свою любовь к ближним не только словами, но и делами. Альтернативный перевод: “не ограничивайтесь только словами любви, но доказывайте делом, что любите своих ближних” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]], [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]).
372 3:18 j203 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 John is using the phrases **in word** and **in tongue** figuratively to refer to what a person says. Alternate translation: “let us not merely say that we love” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
373 3:18 b4mm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 John is not saying that we should never express love through words. He is using hyperbole to make a contrast between words and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include a word such as “only” or “merely.” Alternate translation: “let us not love only by what we say”
374 3:18 bqz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure μὴ ἀγαπῶμεν λόγῳ, μηδὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could put the negative **not** before **in word**, rather than before **love**. Alternate translation: “let us love not in word nor in tongue”
375 3:18 j204 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἀλλὰ ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 John is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “but let us love in deed and in truth” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
376 3:18 j205 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 John is expressing a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **truth** indicates the quality that loving **in deed** would have. Alternate translation: “truly, in actions” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
377 3:19 d70n rc://*/ta/man/checking/headings 0 If you are using section headings, you could put one here before verse 19. Suggested heading: “Have Confidence When You Pray”
471 4:9 y4m8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Here the phrase **the love of God** refers to God loving people. Alternate translation: “God’s love for us” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
472 4:9 j269 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμῖν 1 The expression **among us** likely refers to all of humanity, not just to the people who saw and heard Jesus when he was alive, so this would be an inclusive use of the term **us** that would include the believers to whom John is writing. John says later in the sentence that Jesus came **so that we might live through him**, and **we** in that instance does include these believers. So it is likely that **us** earlier in the sentence includes them as well. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
473 4:9 j270 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ 1 This is an important title for Jesus. Alternate translation: “his Son Jesus” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
474 4:9 xzpr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj τὸν μονογενῆ 1 The adjectives **One and Only** function here as nouns to mean that God has no other Son like Jesus. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could add the noun “Son” to this phrase. Alternate translation: “his One and Only Son”
475 4:9 j272 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy εἰς τὸν κόσμον 1 John uses **world** to mean various things in this letter. Here it refers to the created world. Alternate translation: “to this earth” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
476 4:9 wxf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἵνα ζήσωμεν 1 Since people were already literally alive before Jesus came, John means this in a figurative sense. He is likely referring to what he calls “eternal life” in [3:15](../03/15.md). That includes both living forever in the presence of God after death and receiving power from God in this life to live in a new way. Alternate translation: “so that we might receive power from God to live as new people in this life and to live forever in God’s presence after we die” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
477 4:10 v1zv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ ἐστὶν ἡ ἀγάπη 1 “Истинная Божья любовь заключается в том, что”
486 4:12 vt14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἡ ἀγάπη αὐτοῦ τετελειωμένη ἐν ἡμῖν ἐστιν 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [2:5](../02/05.md). In this case, it is clear that John is referring to God’s love for us, rather than to our love for God. Alternate translation: “God’s love has achieved its purpose in our lives” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
487 4:13 gj7p ὅτι 1 “Потому, что Он дал нам Своего Святого Духа или “потому чо Он поместил в нас Своего Святого Духа” (ваши читатели не должны думать, что раз Бог дал нам Своего Духа, с Ним Его не осталось).
488 4:13 j276 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν ὅτι 1 “Находиться в Боге” — значит иметь общение с Ним. См, как вы перевели аналогичную мысль в [1 Иоанна 2:6](../02/06.md). Альтернативный перевод: “когда мы имеем общение с Богом, Он имеет общение с нами” или “когда мы едины с Богом, Он един с нами” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
489 4:13 pte0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκομεν 1 The pronoun **this** refers forward to what John says in the second part of this verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Here is the reason that we know”
490 4:13 m69h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἐν αὐτῷ μένομεν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν ἡμῖν 1 “И Он находится в нас” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]).
491 4:13 yv6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐν αὐτῷ μένομεν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐν ἡμῖν 1 Можно сказать: “мы понимаем это потому, что Он дал нам” или “нам известно это потому, что Он дал нам”.
492 4:13 dge3 ἐκ τοῦ Πνεύματος αὐτοῦ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν 1 The word **of** means “some of.” John is not saying that God has only given some of his Spirit to the whole community of believers. Rather, John is saying that through his Spirit, God is fully present in the entire community, and that each believer experiences some of that full presence of God through the presence of the Spirit in his own life. Be sure that it is also clear in your translation that God does not have less of his Spirit now that each of us has some. Alternate translation: “he has sent his Spirit to live in each of us”
551 5:4 j308 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶν τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Под “миром” подразумеваются грешнные люди и нечестивые системы общества. Альтернативный перевод: “всё, что в этом мире выступает против Бога” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
552 5:4 g3uw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor νικᾷ τὸν κόσμον 1 “Наша вера даёт нам силу противостоять всему, что склоняет нас ко греху” или “наша вера дает нам силу сопротивляться всему, что приводит людей к бунту против Бога”.
553 5:4 yq2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν κόσμον 1 See how you translated the term **world** in [2:15](../02/15.md). It has a similar meaning in this verse. Alternate translation: “the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
554 5:4 j309 hrkm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry ἡ νίκη ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα 1 John is speaking figuratively of the thing that has won **the victory** as if it were **the victory** itself. Alternate translation: “what has won the victory” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Here, **the triumph that has triumphed over** is an emphatic construction that uses a noun and verb that come from the same root. You may be able to use a similar construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.
555 5:4 k26g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **victory** by combining it with the verb **overcome**. Alternate translation: “what has enabled us to overcome”
556 5:4 j309 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἡ νίκη 1 John is speaking figuratively of the thing that has won **the victory** as if it were **the victory** itself. Alternate translation: “what has won the victory” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
557 5:4 tf9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ νικήσασα τὸν κόσμον 1 Once again John is using the word **overcome** figuratively. He is speaking of the **faith** that he and his readers share as if it had defeated the ungodly value system in a struggle. Alternate translation: “that enables us to live differently from the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
558 5:4 j310 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν κόσμον 1 John is using the term **world** to mean the same thing as in the previous sentence. Alternate translation: “the value system of ungodly people” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
559 5:4 w8ob rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a verb such as “believe.” Alternate translation: “that we believe in Jesus”
601 5:13 j331 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον 1 Это важное звание Иисуса, раскрывающее глуину Его взаимоотношений с Богом (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]).
602 5:14 j332 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτόν: ὅτι 1 Вместо абстрактного существительного “уверенность” можно употребить краткое прилагательное: “и вот, почему мы уверены: мы знаем, что Бог” (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
603 5:14 yj31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ παρρησία ἣν ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτόν: ὅτι 1 “если мы просим чего-либо в соответствии с Его волей”
604 5:14 rlcu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὕτη 1 The pronoun **this** refers to what John is about to say in the rest of the verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you what”
605 5:14 j333 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns αὐτόν & αὐτοῦ & ἀκούει 1 The pronouns **him**, **his**, and **he** refer to God in this verse. It might be natural in your language to use the name “God” in the first instance and pronouns in the other instances. (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
606 5:14 j334 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἀκούει ἡμῶν 1 As in [4:5](../04/05.md), the word **listens** is an idiom. However, the meaning here is not as strong as the meaning there, “is persuaded by.” Rather, this refers to God hearing our prayers with a disposition to grant what we ask. Alternate translation: “he is disposed to give it to us” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
607 5:15 j335 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact ἐὰν οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀκούει ἡμῶν 1 “знаем, что получим от Бога всё, что у Него попросили”
623 5:18 j348 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Речь идёт о дьяволе, сатане.
624 5:18 j349 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει 1 See how you translated this expression in [3:6](../03/06.md). Alternate translation: “does not sin wantonly and continually” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
625 5:18 j350 ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 This is a description of Jesus, whom John calls “the only-begotten” in [4:9](../04/09.md). See how you translated that expression there. Alternate translation: “Jesus, God’s actual Child”
5:18 j351 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τηρεῖ ἑαυτὸν 1 This could mean one of two things. Alternate translation: (1) “keeps him in a close relationship with God” or (2) “keeps him from sinning” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
626 5:18 l7h8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj ὁ πονηρὸς 1 As in [2:13](../02/13.md), John is using the adjective **evil** as a noun in order to indicate a specific being. ULT adds **one** to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the one who is evil” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
627 5:18 j352 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ὁ πονηρὸς 1 John is speaking figuratively of the devil, by association with the way that he is **evil**. Alternate translation: “the devil” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
628 5:18 j353 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom οὐχ ἅπτεται αὐτοῦ 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “cannot harm him” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])