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44 KiB
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[{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Captivity** is an abstract noun that refers to the Jews being taken away from their homeland. Judah had been conquered by the Babylonians about 150 years before this. At that time, the Babylonians took many people away from Judah and relocated them to different parts of their empire. About 50 years later, the Persian Empire conquered Babylon and so the Babylonian empire became the Persian empire. The Jews who had been captured by Babylon now lived in Persia, although some had since returned to Judah. You can translate the idea of **captivity** with a phrase such as “the time when the Jews were taken away” or “the time when soldiers forced many Jews to go to Babylon” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":1,"verse":2},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"הַשֶּׁ֖בִי","quoteString":"הַשֶּׁ֖בִי","glQuote":"the captivity","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **difficulty** refers to a situation that is very hard for the people to live in. It describes a situation that is dangerous and insecure for the people in it. You can translate this idea with an adjective such as “bad.” Alternate translation: “in a very bad situation” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":1,"verse":3},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"בְּרָעָ֥ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"גְדֹלָ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"בְּרָעָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה","glQuote":"in great evil","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Reproach** is an abstract noun that describes how other people would see the situation of the Jews. The situation would lead them to say bad things about them. You can translate this idea with a verb such as “mock.” Alternate translation: “and people are mocking them.” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":1,"verse":3},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה","quoteString":"וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה","glQuote":"and in reproach","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"You can translate the idea of the abstract noun **corruption** with a verb such as **sinned.** Alternate translation: “We have sinned very much against you” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":1,"verse":7},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"חֲבֹ֖ל","occurrence":1},{"word":"חָבַ֣לְנוּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"לָ֑ךְ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"חֲבֹ֖ל חָבַ֣לְנוּ לָ֑ךְ","glQuote":"With extreme corruption we have acted corruptly against you","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"As in [1:3](rc://en/ult/book/neh/01/03), here the abstract noun **evil** does not refer to something morally bad, but to a difficult situation. You can translate this idea with an adjective such as “desperate.” Alternate translation: “You see what a desperate situation we are in” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":2,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"אַתֶּ֤ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"רֹאִים֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָרָעָה֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲשֶׁ֣ר","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲנַ֣חְנוּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"בָ֔הּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"אַתֶּ֤ם רֹאִים֙ הָרָעָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲנַ֣חְנוּ בָ֔הּ","glQuote":"You see the evil that we are in","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"You can translate the idea behind the abstract noun “reproach” with an adjective such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “so we will no longer be ashamed” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":2,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְלֹא","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":2},{"word":"נִהְיֶ֥ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"ע֖וֹד","occurrence":1},{"word":"חֶרְפָּֽה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְלֹא־נִהְיֶ֥ה ע֖וֹד חֶרְפָּֽה","glQuote":"and we will no longer be a reproach","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"Depending on their meaning, the terms “share,” “right,” and “memorial” may be abstract nouns. If so, you could translate the idea behind them with a phrase that expresses their overall meaning. Alternate translation: “But you have absolutely nothing to do with what happens in Jerusalem.” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":2,"verse":20},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְלָכֶ֗ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֵֽין","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":1},{"word":"חֵ֧לֶק","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּצְדָקָ֛ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"וְזִכָּר֖וֹן","occurrence":1},{"word":"בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְלָכֶ֗ם אֵֽין־חֵ֧לֶק וּצְדָקָ֛ה וְזִכָּר֖וֹן בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם","glQuote":"But you have no share, no right, and no historic claim in Jerusalem","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Service** is an abstract noun that refers to the work of rebuilding the wall. You can translate the idea behind it with a concrete noun such as “work.” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":3,"verse":5},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"בַּעֲבֹדַ֖ת","quoteString":"בַּעֲבֹדַ֖ת","glQuote":"to…service of","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **contempt** refers to the way Sanballat and Tobiah regarded the Jews, which led them to make fun of the Jews. You can translate the idea behind this term with a verb like “mocking.” Alternate translation: “our enemies are mocking us” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":4,"verse":4},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"הָיִ֣ינוּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"בוּזָ֔ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"הָיִ֣ינוּ בוּזָ֔ה","glQuote":"we are a contempt","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"As in [1:2](rc://en/ult/book/neh/01/02), the abstract noun **captivity** refers to a conquering army forcing all or some of a captured population to move to a different place. You can translate the idea behind it with verbs such as “capture” and “force.” Alternate translation: “Allow their enemies to capture them and force them to go to a foreign land” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":4,"verse":4},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וּתְנֵ֥ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"לְבִזָּ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"בְּאֶ֥רֶץ","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׁבְיָֽה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וּתְנֵ֥ם לְבִזָּ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ שִׁבְיָֽה","glQuote":"And give them for plunder in a land of captivity","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **confusion** refers to the way these enemies hoped that their attack would make the people of Jerusalem not know what to do. The people might disagree among themselves about whether they should keep working on the wall or whether they should discontinue the work to appease the attackers. They might also disagree about how to defend themselves. You can translate the idea behind the term “confusion” with adjectives such as “confused” and “divided.” Alternate translation: “They wanted to make the people inside the city confused and divided.” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":4,"verse":8},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"ל֖וֹ","occurrence":1},{"word":"תּוֹעָֽה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ תּוֹעָֽה","glQuote":"and to make confusion for it","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Outcry** is an abstract noun that refers to the complaints that the poorer Jews made to Nehemiah about how the wealthier and more powerful Jews were treating them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as “complain.” Since Nehemiah says this was a “great” outcry, involving many serious grievances, you could intensify the verb with an adverb such as “bitterly.” Alternate translation: “many of the men and their wives complained bitterly” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":5,"verse":1},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"צַעֲקַ֥ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָעָ֛ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"גְּדוֹלָ֑ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"צַעֲקַ֥ת הָעָ֛ם וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם גְּדוֹלָ֑ה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"These two phrases mean similar things. The people complaining to Nehemiah are using the repetition to emphasize how shameful it is for the wealthy and powerful to sell their own fellow Jews into slavery. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “And we are Jews, just like the people who are doing these things to us!” (See [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":5,"verse":5},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"כִּבְשַׂ֤ר","occurrence":1},{"word":"אַחֵ֨ינוּ֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"בָּנֵ֑ינוּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"כִּבְשַׂ֤ר אַחֵ֨ינוּ֙ בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם בָּנֵ֑ינוּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Outcry** is an abstract noun that refers to complaints that the poorer Jews made to Nehemiah about how the wealthier and more powerful Jews were treating them. You can translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as “complain.” Alternate translation: “when I heard how they were complaining” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":5,"verse":6},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר","occurrence":1},{"word":"שָׁמַ֨עְתִּי֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֶת","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":1},{"word":"זַֽעֲקָתָ֔ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"וְאֵ֖ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַדְּבָרִ֥ים","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָאֵֽלֶּה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר שָׁמַ֨עְתִּי֙ אֶת־זַֽעֲקָתָ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת הַדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Reproach** is an abstract noun that refers to the way the enemies of the Jews were mocking them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the same idea with a verb such as “mock.” Alternate translation: “to keep the nations who are our enemies from mocking us” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":5,"verse":9},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"מֵחֶרְפַּ֖ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַגּוֹיִ֥ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"מֵחֶרְפַּ֖ת הַגּוֹיִ֥ם אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **bondage** refers to the way the people were struggling to survive in difficult times. If it would be clearer in your language, you can translate the idea behind it with a verb such as “struggle.” Alternate translation: “I knew that the people were struggling to survive” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":5,"verse":18},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"כָֽבְדָ֥ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"עַל","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":6},{"word":"הָעָ֥ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַזֶּֽה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"כָֽבְדָ֥ה הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה עַל־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּֽה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Captivity** and **exile** are abstract nouns. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind them with verbs. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, captured their ancestors and took them away” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":7,"verse":6},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"מִשְּׁבִ֣י","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַגּוֹלָ֔ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲשֶׁ֣ר","occurrence":1},{"word":"הֶגְלָ֔ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר","occurrence":1},{"word":"מֶ֣לֶךְ","occurrence":1},{"word":"בָּבֶ֑ל","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"מִשְּׁבִ֣י הַגּוֹלָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶגְלָ֔ה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֑ל","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Interpretation** is an abstract noun that refers to the meaning of the Law of Moses. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a phrase that uses a verb such as “mean.” Alternate translation: “what it meant” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":8,"verse":8},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"שֶׂ֔כֶל","quoteString":"שֶׂ֔כֶל","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the ideas behind the abstract nouns **joy** and **strength** with adjectives. Alternate translation: “happy … encouraged” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":8,"verse":10},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"חֶדְוַ֥ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"…"},{"word":"מָֽעֻזְּכֶֽם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"חֶדְוַ֥ת…מָֽעֻזְּכֶֽם","glQuote":"for the joy of Yahweh is your strength","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **rejoicing** can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “and to rejoice greatly” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":8,"verse":12},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְלַעֲשׂ֖וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׂמְחָ֣ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"גְדוֹלָ֑ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְלַעֲשׂ֖וֹת שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **rejoicing** with an adjective. Alternate translation: “the people were very joyful” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":8,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וַתְּהִ֥י","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׂמְחָ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"גְּדוֹלָ֥ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"מְאֹֽד","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וַתְּהִ֥י שִׂמְחָ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֥ה מְאֹֽד","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Blessing** and **praise** are abstract nouns that refer to the act of openly honoring someone for their character and actions. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind these words with the verb forms of these words. Alternate translation: “we can never bless you and praise you as much as you deserve” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":5},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"עַל","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":4},{"word":"כָּל","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":5},{"word":"בְּרָכָ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּתְהִלָּֽה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"עַל־כָּל־בְּרָכָ֖ה וּתְהִלָּֽה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Affliction** is an abstract noun that refers to the way the Israelites suffered when Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, forced them to serve him as slaves. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as “suffer.” Alternate translation: “you saw how badly our ancestors were suffering as slaves in Egypt” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":9},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וַתֵּ֛רֶא","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֶת","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":1},{"word":"עֳנִ֥י","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וַתֵּ֛רֶא אֶת־עֳנִ֥י אֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Servitude** is an abstract noun that refers to the condition of slavery that the Israelites experienced in Egypt. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a concrete noun such as “slave.” Alternate translation: “back to Egypt where they had been slaves” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"לָשׁ֥וּב","occurrence":1},{"word":"לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"לָשׁ֥וּב לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Forgiveness** is an abstract noun that represents a readiness not to hold a person’s offenses against them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as “forgive.” Alternate translation: “a God who is always ready to forgive” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"אֱל֨וֹהַּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"סְלִיח֜וֹת","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"אֱל֨וֹהַּ סְלִיח֜וֹת","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Faithfulness** is an abstract noun that describes the quality of a person who will dependably keep their word and fulfill their responsibilities. **Covenant faithfulness** refers specifically to God keeping all the promises he made to the people of Israel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with an expression such as “keep promises.” Alternate translation: “you always keep the promises you make to your people” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":17},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְרַב","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":5},{"word":"חֶ֖סֶד","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְרַב־חֶ֖סֶד","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Rest** is an abstract noun that indicates that the Israelites had relief from suffering and that there was no more war in the land after they defeated their enemies. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the same idea with a different phrase. Alternate translation: “after they had defeated their enemies” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":28},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וּכְנ֣וֹחַ","occurrence":1},{"word":"לָהֶ֔ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וּכְנ֣וֹחַ לָהֶ֔ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Hardship** is an abstract noun that refers to the suffering that the Israelites have experienced as a result of being conquered and dominated by foreign nations. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as “suffer.” Alternate translation: “how much we have suffered” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":32},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"הַתְּלָאָ֣ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲֽשֶׁר","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":3},{"word":"מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Goodness** is an abstract noun that refers to all the good things that God gave to the Israelites. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with an adjective such as “good.” Alternate translation: “even while they enjoyed the good things you gave them” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":35},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וּבְטוּבְךָ֨","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָרָ֜ב","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֲשֶׁר","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":1},{"word":"נָתַ֣תָּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"לָהֶ֗ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וּבְטוּבְךָ֨ הָרָ֜ב אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֣תָּ לָהֶ֗ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Goodness** is an abstract noun that refers to the tasty and nourishing food that grows in the land. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a different phrase. Alternate translation: “the good things that grow here” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":36},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"טוּבָ֔הּ","quoteString":"טוּבָ֔הּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Produce** (pró-duce) is an abstract noun that refers to the crops that grow in the land. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as “produce” (pro-dúce). Alternate translation: “all that this land produces” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":9,"verse":37},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וּתְבוּאָתָ֣הּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"מַרְבָּ֗ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וּתְבוּאָתָ֣הּ מַרְבָּ֗ה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **service** describes all the things needed for worship in the temple, as listed in the next verse. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “everything that is needed for worship in the temple” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":10,"verse":32},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"לַעֲבֹדַ֖ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"בֵּ֥ית","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"לַעֲבֹדַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**Burning** is an abstract noun that describes how the wood these families agreed to bring to the temple would be used for fuel for the sacrifices offered on the altar. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as “burn.” You could also say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “for the Levites to burn” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":10,"verse":34},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"לְבַעֵ֗ר","quoteString":"לְבַעֵ֗ר","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **labor** refers to how the people would work the land in order to grow crops. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as **work.** Alternate translation: “the cities where we live and work” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":10,"verse":37},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"בְּכֹ֖ל","occurrence":1},{"word":"עָרֵ֥י","occurrence":1},{"word":"עֲבֹדָתֵֽנוּ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"בְּכֹ֖ל עָרֵ֥י עֲבֹדָתֵֽנוּ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **strength** refers to the way these men were able to use weapons and fight to defend the city if necessary. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with a verb such as *fight.** Alternate translation: “468 men who were able to fight in the army” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":11,"verse":6},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"אַרְבַּ֥ע","occurrence":1},{"word":"מֵא֛וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׁשִּׁ֥ים","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּשְׁמֹנָ֖ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"אַנְשֵׁי","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":3},{"word":"חָֽיִל","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֛וֹת שִׁשִּׁ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנָ֖ה אַנְשֵׁי־חָֽיִל","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"In this context, the abstract noun **strength** likely refers to the way these men were physically capable of doing the required work in the temple. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind it with an adjective such as “capable.” Alternate translation: “men who were capable of working in the temple” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":11,"verse":14},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"גִּבּ֣וֹרֵי","occurrence":1},{"word":"חַ֔יִל","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"גִּבּ֣וֹרֵי חַ֔יִל","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **inheritance** refers to the land that was passed down through the generations in each Israelite family. The Levites did not have territory of their own, but they had some towns and surrounding pasturelands as their property. Alternate translation: “each family on its own ancestral land” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":11,"verse":20},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"אִ֖ישׁ","occurrence":1},{"word":"בְּנַחֲלָתֽוֹ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"אִ֖ישׁ בְּנַחֲלָתֽוֹ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **support** refers to an order that the king had given for his own kingdom to pay for the costs of worship in the temple. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the same idea with a verb such as “subsidize.” Alternate translation: “to subsidize the expenses of the Levite singers” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":11,"verse":23},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וַאֲמָנָ֥ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"עַל","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":2},{"word":"הַמְשֹׁרְרִ֖ים","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וַאֲמָנָ֥ה עַל־הַמְשֹׁרְרִ֖ים","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **dedication** refers to the way the wall would be set apart for a special purpose. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as “set apart.” Alternate translation: “to set apart the wall of Jerusalem for a special purpose” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":27},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וּבַחֲנֻכַּ֞ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"חוֹמַ֣ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וּבַחֲנֻכַּ֞ת חוֹמַ֣ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **rejoicing** describes how happy the people were as they held this celebration to dedicate the wall. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with an adjective such as **happy.** Alternate translation: “God had made them all very happy” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":43},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"כִּ֤י","occurrence":1},{"word":"הָאֱלֹהִים֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׂמְּחָם֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׂמְחָ֣ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"גְדוֹלָ֔ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"כִּ֤י הָאֱלֹהִים֙ שִׂמְּחָם֙ שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"In this case the abstract noun **rejoicing** refers to the loud sound that the singers and the people made as they held the ceremony to dedicate the rebuilt wall. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this abstract noun with a concrete noun such as “sound.” Alternate translation: “the sound that the people made as they celebrated in Jerusalem was so loud that even other people who were far away could hear it” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":43},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע","occurrence":1},{"word":"שִׂמְחַ֥ת","occurrence":1},{"word":"יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם","occurrence":1},{"word":"מֵרָחֽוֹק","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע שִׂמְחַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מֵרָחֽוֹק","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **portion** refers to the part of each crop that the law commanded the Israelites to give to the temple to support the priests and Levites. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a different phrase. Alternate translation: “these were the things that the law commanded the Israelites to give from their harvests to support the priests and Levites” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":44},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"מְנָא֣וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַתּוֹרָ֔ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"לַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים","occurrence":1},{"word":"וְלַלְוִיִּ֑ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"מְנָא֣וֹת הַתּוֹרָ֔ה לַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים וְלַלְוִיִּ֑ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"**They** means the priests and Levites. The abstract noun **service**, in the phrase **service watch of their God**, refers to the duties that God had commanded the priests and Levites to perform in the law. In the phrase “service of purification,” this abstract noun refers to one of those duties in particular, the duty of performing a ceremony for themselves and for others that expressed a desire to be ceremonially clean, that is, acceptable to God. The story describes in [12:30](rc://en/ult/book/neh/12/30) how they performed such a ceremony on this occasion. Alternate translation: “So the priests and Levites were able to perform the duties that God had commanded, including performing ceremonies of purification” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":45},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וַֽיִּשְׁמְר֞וּ","occurrence":1},{"word":"מִשְׁמֶ֤רֶת","occurrence":1},{"word":"אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּמִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַֽטָּהֳרָ֔ה","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וַֽיִּשְׁמְר֞וּ מִשְׁמֶ֤רֶת אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙ וּמִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַֽטָּהֳרָ֔ה","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"As in [12:44](rc://en/ult/book/neh/12/44), the abstract noun **portion** refers to the part of each crop that the Israelites contributed to support the temple personnel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a different phrase. Alternate translation: “all the Israelites contributed from their harvests to support the singers and the gatekeepers” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":12,"verse":47},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְכָל","occurrence":1},{"word":"־","occurrence":1},{"word":"יִשְׂרָאֵל֩","occurrence":1},{"word":"בִּימֵ֨י","occurrence":1},{"word":"זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל","occurrence":1},{"word":"וּבִימֵ֣י","occurrence":1},{"word":"נְחֶמְיָ֗ה","occurrence":1},{"word":"נֹֽתְנִ֛ים","occurrence":1},{"word":"מְנָי֛וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַמְשֹׁרְרִ֥ים","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ בִּימֵ֨י זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל וּבִימֵ֣י נְחֶמְיָ֗ה נֹֽתְנִ֛ים מְנָי֛וֹת הַמְשֹׁרְרִ֥ים","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"As in [12:44](rc://en/ult/book/neh/12/44) and [12:47](rc://en/ult/book/neh/12/47), the abstract noun **portion** refers to the part of each crop that the law commanded the Israelites to give towards the work of the temple to support the Levites.<br>If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a different phrase. Alternate translation: “the support that the law commanded the Israelites to provide for the Levites” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":13,"verse":10},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"מְנָי֥וֹת","occurrence":1},{"word":"הַלְוִיִּ֖ם","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"מְנָי֥וֹת הַלְוִיִּ֖ם","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **faithful kindness** here is the same as the term “covenant faithfulness” that Nehemiah applies to God in [1:5](rc://en/ult/book/neh/01/05), [9:17](rc://en/ult/book/neh/09/17), [9:32](rc://en/ult/book/neh/09/32), and [13:22](rc://en/ult/book/neh/13/22). It refers to a person consistently and dependably fulfilling the obligations they have accepted. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a phrase that would bring out this meaning. Alternate translation: “the way that I have consistently provided for” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":13,"verse":14},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":"חֲסָדַ֗י","quoteString":"חֲסָדַ֗י","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}},{"comments":false,"reminders":false,"selections":false,"verseEdits":false,"nothingToSelect":false,"contextId":{"occurrenceNote":"The abstract noun **greatness** expresses the vast extent to which God possesses the quality of **covenant faithfulness**. As in [1:5](rc://en/ult/book/neh/01/05), God having this quality means that he is inwardly disposed to keep all of his promises, and so he always does that faithfully. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this abstract noun with an adjective such as “great.” Alternate translation: “and have mercy on me, because your faithfulness to those who belong to you is so great” (See: [Abstract Nouns](rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns))","reference":{"bookId":"neh","chapter":13,"verse":22},"tool":"translationNotes","groupId":"figs-abstractnouns","quote":[{"word":"וְח֥וּסָה","occurrence":1},{"word":"עָלַ֖י","occurrence":1},{"word":"כְּרֹ֥ב","occurrence":1},{"word":"חַסְדֶּֽךָ","occurrence":1}],"quoteString":"וְח֥וּסָה עָלַ֖י כְּרֹ֥ב חַסְדֶּֽךָ","glQuote":"","occurrence":1}}]
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