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3.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_pilpel.rst
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.. _stem_pilpel:
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Stem Pilpel
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===========
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Summary
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-------
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The Pilpel is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Piel and
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expresses the same range of meanings.
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Article
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-------
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The Pilpel :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Piel<stem_piel>`
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and has potential to express the same range of verbal action. The Pilpel
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stem is formed from the Piel by dropping the 2nd radical and repeating
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the 1st and 3rd radical, thus making a verb that appears to have 4
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consonants. It is a :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>` in Biblical Hebrew. Many of the
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occurrences of the Pilpel stem in the Hebrew Bible are from the root
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verb כּוּל ("to comprehend, contain").
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.. include:: includes/consult_dictionary.txt
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Form
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----
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These paradigms use the root כּוּל, meaning "to sustain" in the
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Pilpel stem.
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.. csv-table:: Pilpel Perfect Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular third person,כִּלְכֵּל,kilkel,he sustained
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feminine singular third person,כִּלְכֲּלָה,kilkalah,she sustained
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masculine singular second person,כִּלְכַּלְתָּ,kilkalta,you sustained
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feminine singular second person,כִּלְכַּלְתְּ,kilkalt,you sustained
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common singular first person,כִּלְכַּלְתִּי,kilkalti,I sustained
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common plural third person,כִּלְכֲּלוּ,kilkalu,they sustained
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masculine plural second person,כִּלְכַּלְתֶּם,kilkaltem,you sustained
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feminine plural second person,כִּלְכַּלְתֶּן,kilkalten,you sustained
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common plural first person,כִּלכַּלְנוּ,kilkalnu,we sustained
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.. csv-table:: Pilpel Imperfect Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular third person,יְכַלְכֵּל,yikhalkel,he will sustain
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feminine singular third person,תְּכַלְכֵּל,tekhalkel,she will sustain
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masculine singular second person,תְּכַלְכֵּל,tekhalkel,you will sustain
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feminine singular second person,תְּכַלְכְּלִי,tekhalkeli,you will sustain
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common singular first person,אֲכַלְכֵּל,'akhalkel,I will sustain
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masculine plural third person,יְכַלְכְּלוּ,yekhalkelu,they will sustain
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feminine plural third person,תְּכַלְכֵּלְנָה,tekhalkelnah,they will sustain
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masculine plural second person,תְּכַלְכְּלוּ,tekhalkelu,you will sustain
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feminine plural second person,תְּכַלְכֵּלְנָה,tekhalkelnah,you will sustain
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common plural first person,נְכַלְכֵּל,nekhalkel,we will sustain
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.. csv-table:: Pilpel Participle Paradigm
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:header-rows: 1
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Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
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masculine singular absolute,מְכַלְכֵּל,mekhalkel,sustaining / he who sustains
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feminine singular absolute,מְכַלְכֶּלֶת / מְכַלְכְּלָה,mekhalkeleth / mekhalkelah,sustaining / she who sustains
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masculine plural absolute,מְכַלְכְּלִים,mekhalkelim,sustaining / men who sustain
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feminine plural absolute,מְכַלְכְּלוֹת,mekhalkeloth,sustaining / women who sustain
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Examples
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--------
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.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 22:5
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מְקַרְקַ֥ר קִ֖ר
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**meqarqar** qir
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**breaking-down** wall
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a **breaking down** of the walls
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.. csv-table:: Example: EZE 39:2
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"וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֨יךָ֙ וְשִׁשֵּׁאתִ֔יךָ וְהַעֲלִיתִ֖יךָ מִיַּרְכְּתֵ֣י
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צָפֹ֑ון"
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**weshovavtikha weshishethikha** weha'alithikha miyyarkethe tsafown
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"**And-I-will-turn-you and-I-will-lead-you** and-I-will-bring-you-up
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from-remotest north"
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"**I will turn you and lead you on** I will bring you up from the far
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north"
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