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content/01/00.md

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+# The Creation
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God made the world” or “How did God make the world?”

content/01/01.md

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+# the beginning
+
+This could mean ‘the beginning of all things,’ before anything existed except God.
+
+# created
+
+This term here means that God made it from nothing.
+
+# the universe
+
+This includes everything that God created on the earth and in the heavens, both visible and invisible things.
+
+# the earth
+
+The word **earth** refers to the whole world that people live on.
+
+# dark
+
+It was completely dark. There was no light at all, since God had not yet created light.
+
+# empty
+
+God had not yet created anything except for the bare earth covered by water.
+
+# he had not yet formed anything in it
+
+There were no distinguishing features–just water covering everything.
+
+# God’s Spirit
+
+The Spirit of God, sometimes called the Holy Spirit, was present in the beginning, moving freely over the earth in order to create all that he had planned to do.

content/01/02.md

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+# God said
+
+God created light by means of a simple verbal command.
+
+# Then God said, “Let there be light!”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God said that there should be light.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Let there be light!
+
+The result of this command happened immediately because it was spoken by God. It may be more natural to translate this as a statement of certainty that this would definitely happen. For example, you could translate this as: “There shall be light.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
+
+# light
+
+This was a special light that God created. The sun was not created until later.
+
+# was good
+
+This phrase is often repeated through the Creation story, and emphasizes that each stage of creation was pleasing to God and accomplished his plan and purpose.
+
+# creation
+
+This word is used here to refer to the six-day period during which God brought into being everything that exists.

content/01/03.md

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+# the second day
+
+God’s work of creation was orderly, purposeful, and sequential. The things he created each day built upon and depended on the acts of the previous days.
+
+# Let there be an expanse above the waters
+
+God created the sky by speaking a command.
+
+# sky
+
+This term refers to all of the space above the earth, including the air we breathe and the heavens.

content/01/04.md

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+# the third day
+
+The next in the series of orderly days in which God prepared the earth for life
+
+# Let the water come together in one place and the dry land appear
+
+God created the dry land by speaking a command.
+
+# earth
+
+This word is used here to refer to dirt or soil, which is what dry land is made of.
+
+# created
+
+This word is used here in the sense of making something out of nothing.

content/01/05.md

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+# Then God said, “Let the earth produce all kinds of trees and plants.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God said that the earth should produce all kinds of trees and plants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# God said
+
+God created all vegetation by speaking a command.
+
+# Let the earth produce all kinds of trees and plants
+
+The result of this command happened immediately because it was spoken by God. It may be more natural to translate this as a statement of certainty that this would definitely happen. For example, you could translate this as: “The earth will produce all kinds of trees and plants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
+
+# all kinds
+
+The many different species, or types, of plants and trees.
+
+# created
+
+This word is used here in the sense of making something out of nothing.
+
+# was good
+
+This phrase is often repeated through the Creation story, and emphasizes that each stage of creation was pleasing to God and accomplished his plan and purpose.

content/01/06.md

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+# the fourth day
+
+the next in the orderly series of days in which God created
+
+# Let there be lights in the sky
+
+God created the sun, moon, and stars by speaking a command.
+
+# light
+
+Shining objects in the sky now provided light for the earth.
+
+# day and night, seasons and years
+
+God created different lights to mark days, nights, seasons, and years. He divides time periods which are indicated by the positions of the lights. These periods are cyclical and continue until the end of time.
+
+# created
+
+This word is used here in the sense of making something out of nothing.

content/01/07.md

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+# the fifth day
+
+God continues his orderly progression of creation that he started during the previous four days.
+
+# Let living things fill the waters, and birds fly in the sky
+
+God created water creatures and the birds by speaking a command.
+
+# everything that swims
+
+God not only made fish, but every kind of living thing that lives in the waters. Every one exists because God chose to create it.
+
+# all the birds
+
+God did not make just one kind of bird, but all of the amazing variety of shapes, sizes, colors, and kinds of birds.
+
+# it was good
+
+This phrase is repeated throughout creation to show that every step went exactly according to God’s wise plan and purpose.
+
+# blessed them
+
+God speaks his desire that they would prosper and that things would go well for them in the world in which he had placed them.

content/01/08.md

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+# the sixth day
+
+the next event in a continuing, orderly progression of days and creative acts
+
+# Let there be all kinds of land animals!
+
+The result of this command happened immediately because it was spoken by God. It may be more natural to translate this as a statement of certainty that this would definitely happen. For example, you could translate this as: “There will be all kinds of land animals!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
+
+# all kinds
+
+This indicates a great variety, but also order.
+
+# land animals
+
+Every kind of animal that lived on the land, as opposed to the birds, or animals that live in the seas.
+
+# farm animals
+
+The kinds of land animals that commonly live peacefully with people—as in tame, or domesticated, animals.
+
+# crawled on the ground
+
+This probably includes reptiles and possibly insects.
+
+# wild
+
+The kinds of animals that do not normally live peacefully with people, usually because they are afraid of people, or dangerous to them.
+
+# it was good
+
+This phrase is repeated throughout creation to show that every step went exactly according to God’s wise plan and purpose.

content/01/09.md

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+# Let us make
+
+This indicates God’s deliberate, willful decision to create man in a particular way for a particular purpose. You could translate this as: “We will make.”
+
+# us…our…us
+
+The Bible teaches that there is one God, but the Old Testament word **God** is a plural form, and God uses plural pronouns when speaking to himself. Some understand this as a special way of speaking that expresses God’s majesty, and others understand this as God the Father speaking to the Son and the Spirit, who are all God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# in our image
+
+An image is a physical representation of someone or something. Humans were made in such a way that we display or represent some of the qualities or traits of God.
+
+# in our image to be like us
+
+The two phrases, **in our image** and **like us** are a doublet. They means almost the same thing. Together, they emphasize that man was to be very much like God, although not exactly the same. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
+
+# like us
+
+Humans share some of God’s characteristics, but not all of his qualities. This phrase should be translated with words that show man is similar to God, but not equal with him, nor the same as he is.
+
+# rule over
+
+God gave people the right and power to manage, guide, and control how the earth and the animals will be used.

content/01/10.md

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+# took some soil
+
+God made man from the dust, or dry soil from the ground. This word should probably be different from the general word used for earth.
+
+# formed it
+
+This word expresses that God personally fashioned the man in the same way that a person shapes something with his hands. Make sure that a different word from ‘create’ is used. Note that this is very different from how he created everything else through a simple spoken command.
+
+# a man
+
+Only the man was made at this time; the woman was made later by a different method.
+
+# breathed life
+
+This phrase expresses God’s very personal, intimate action as he transferred life from himself into Adam’s body, comparing this to how a human being breathes out air.
+
+# life
+
+In this event, God breathed both physical and spiritual life into the man.
+
+# Adam
+
+Adam’s name is the same as the Old Testament word for ‘man,’ and similar to the word for **soil**, the substance from which he was formed.
+
+# a large garden
+
+An area of land planted with trees and plants for a purpose–usually to produce food or to provide beauty.
+
+# to care for it
+
+To maintain the garden by preparing soil, planting, tending, and harvesting.

content/01/11.md

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+# In the middle
+
+The central location emphasizes the importance of the two trees.
+
+# the garden
+
+An area of land planted with trees and plants for a purpose–usually to produce food or to provide beauty.
+
+# the tree of life
+
+Anyone who ate fruit from this tree would never die.
+
+# the tree of the knowledge of good and evil
+
+The fruit of this tree could enable a person to know both good and evil.
+
+# knowledge
+
+To know or understand by personal experience.
+
+# good and evil
+
+**Evil** is the opposite of **good**. Just as **good** refers to what is pleasing to God, **evil** refers to everything that is not pleasing to God.
+
+# would die
+
+In this instance, he would die both physically and spiritually.

content/01/12.md

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+# not good
+
+This is the first time that anything in creation was not good. It means it was ‘not yet good’ because God was not finished with the creation of humans.
+
+# alone
+
+Adam was the only human, with no possibility of a relationship with another person, and unable to have children and multiply.
+
+# Adam’s helper
+
+There was no one who was similar enough to Adam to join with him to accomplish the task that God gave to him. None of the animals could do this.

content/01/13.md

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+# a deep sleep
+
+This was a deeper sleep than normal.
+
+# took one of Adam’s ribs and made
+
+The verbs indicate God’s very personal act of removing the rib from Adam and shaping it into a woman.
+
+# a woman
+
+She was the first woman, the female version of human beings that was missing until now.
+
+# brought her to him
+
+God personally introduced them. He presented the woman to Adam, almost like offering a special gift.

content/01/14.md

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+# At last!
+
+Adam’s exclamation indicates that he had been waiting for something like the woman.
+
+# like me
+
+The woman was the same type of being as Adam, even though there were important differences between them.
+
+# Woman
+
+This word is the feminine form of the word ‘man.’
+
+# made from Man
+
+The woman was formed directly from Adam’s own body.
+
+# a man leaves
+
+This is stated in the present tense to indicate what would become the normal situation in the future. Adam did not have a mother or father, but all other men would.
+
+# becomes one
+
+The husband and wife will share an intimate bond of unity and a commitment to one another that will surpass their relationships to anyone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

content/01/15.md

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+# God made
+
+God formed the man and the woman in a very personal way.
+
+# in his own image
+
+An image is a physical representation of someone or something. God made people to display or represent some of his qualities and traits, but not to be equal to him.
+
+# very good
+
+More intense than the **it was good** statements on previous days. **Very good** refers to all of creation, not just the man and the woman. Everything was exactly as God intended it to be.
+
+# creation
+
+This word is used here to refer to the six-day period during which God made everything that exists.

content/01/16.md

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+# the seventh day
+
+The next day after the six days of creation were completed.
+
+# finished all the work that he had been doing
+
+Specifically, God finished the work of creation. He still performs other work.
+
+# blessed the seventh day
+
+God had a special, positive plan for the seventh day, and for every seventh day to follow.
+
+# made it holy
+
+That is, God ‘set apart’ the day as a special day. It was not to be used in the same way as the other six days of the week.
+
+# the universe
+
+This includes everything that God created on the earth and in the heavens, both visible and invisible things.
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/02/00.md

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+# Sin Enters the World
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how people began to sin” or “How did people begin to sin?”

content/02/01.md

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+# the beautiful garden
+
+This refers to a special collection of trees and plants that God prepared for Adam and Eve to enjoy and from which to eat. This should be the same word that was used in [01:11](01/11). See how you translated it there.
+
+# shame
+
+the feeling that comes with knowing we have sinned or that we fall short in some way
+
+# talked with God
+
+The word for **talk** should be the same as would be used to refer to talking to a human being. God may have taken a physical form to talk to the man and the woman since the text indicates that they talked to him face-to-face.

content/02/02.md

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+# a snake
+
+This refers to an elongated, legless creature that now moves by wiggling on its belly. Although later on in the story it is revealed that Satan spoke through the snake, this should not be said here in this frame.
+
+# crafty
+
+clever and sly, with the intent to deceive
+
+# He asked the woman, “Did God really tell you not to eat the fruit from any of the trees in the garden?”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “He asked the woman if God had really told her not to eat the fruit from any of the trees in the garden.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Did God really tell you not to eat the fruit from any of the trees in the garden?
+
+This is a rhetorical question. The snake asked the woman whether God actually said not to eat from any of the trees in the garden. But he was only pretending that he didn’t know what God had said because he wanted to create doubt in the woman’s mind. He wanted her to question God’s goodness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# you
+
+If your language has different words for **you** depending on the number of people intended, use the plural form. God had given this command to both the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# the fruit from any of the trees
+
+This refers to all of the various types of fruit from each of the different trees in the garden.

content/02/03.md

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+# The woman answered, “God told us we could eat the fruit of any tree except from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. God told us, ‘If you eat that fruit or even touch it, you will die.’”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “The woman answered that God had told them that they could eat the fruit of any tree except from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and that if they ate that fruit or even touched it, they would die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# If you eat that fruit or even touch it, you will die
+
+If your language has different words for **you** depending on the number of people intended, use the plural form. God had given this command to both the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# the fruit
+
+We don’t know what kind of fruit this was. We only know that it grew on this tree. If possible, it is best to use a general word for fruit here, and not a word for a specific kind of fruit.
+
+# the tree of the knowledge of good and evil
+
+The woman correctly understood that they were not allowed to eat from this one tree that would enable them to understand evil as well as good.
+
+# you will die
+
+Use your ordinary word for death, for a person’s physical life to end. Don’t avoid the term just because the thought of death sounds too harsh.

content/02/04.md

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+# The snake responded to the woman, “That is not true! You will not die. God just knows that as soon as you eat it, you will be like God and will understand good and evil like he does.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “The snake responded to the woman that this was not true! They would not die. God just knew that as soon as they ate it, they would be like God and would understand good and evil like he does.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# You will not die. God just knows that as soon as you eat it, you will be like God
+
+If your language has different words for **you** depending on the number of people intended, use the plural form. Satan was speaking about what would happen to both the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# like God
+
+The man and the woman were already made in the likeness of God. The snake is suggesting that the woman would be more like God if she understood evil. However, God never intended for her to have this knowledge.
+
+# will understand good and evil
+
+To know from personal experience what things are good and what things are bad, or being able to know whether something is good or bad.
+
+# good and evil
+
+This is a merism. **Good** and **evil** are two extremes that represent everything in between them. Satan is saying that they would understand everthing about what is right and wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

content/02/05.md

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+# wise
+
+The woman wanted to have insight and understanding like the snake seemed to have, and like God has.
+
+# who was with her
+
+This is important information because it shows that the man was present when the woman made the decision to eat the fruit.

content/02/06.md

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+# their eyes were opened
+
+This expression means they now understood something for the first time. This could be translated as: “they saw things differently.” In your language, there may be an expression with similar meaning that you could use to translate this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+
+# they realized they were naked
+
+After the man and the woman disobeyed God, they felt ashamed that they were naked. That is why they used leaves to try to cover their naked bodies.
+
+# They tried to cover their bodies
+
+The man and the woman tried to cover their bodies in order to hide from God because they were ashamed that they were naked. You may want to make that explicit. Alternate translation: “They were ashamed that they were naked, and tried to cover their bodies to hide from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

content/02/07.md

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+# God walking
+
+It seems that God regularly came to the garden to walk and talk with the man and the woman. We do not know what this looked like. If it is possible, it is best to use the same word that would be used to talk about a person walking.
+
+# Then God called to the man, “Where are you?”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God called to the man and asked him where he was.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Where are you?
+
+This is a rhetorical question. God already knew the answer to this question. The purpose of the question was to force the man and the woman to explain why they were hiding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# you
+
+If your language has different words for **you** depending on the number of people intended, use the singular form. God was speaking only to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# Adam replied, “I heard you walking in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked. So I hid.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Adam replied that he heard God walking in the garden, and was afraid because he was naked. So he hid.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])

content/02/08.md

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+# Then God asked, “Who told you that you were naked? Did you eat the fruit I told you not to eat?”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God asked who told Adam, that he were naked, and it he had eaten the fruit that God told him not to eat.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Who told you that you were naked?
+
+Or, “How did you find out that you were naked?” God already knows the answer to all of his questions. By asking this question and the following question, he was giving Adam the opportunity to admit his sin of disobedience. Being naked was not a sin. God created them that way. Their knowledge of their nakedness was the problem. Their shame showed that they had sinned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# Did you eat the fruit I told you not to eat?
+
+This is a rhetorical question. God already knew that Adam had eaten the fruit that God had told him not to eat. This can be translated as: a statement: “You ate the fruit that I told you not to eat!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# she gave me the fruit
+
+The man blamed the woman rather than confessing his disobedience and accepting responsibility for disobeying God.
+
+# Then God asked the woman, “What have you done?”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God asked the woman what she had done.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# What have you done?
+
+Or, “Why have you done this?” God already knew the answer to this question. By asking this question, he was giving the woman the opportunity to admit her guilt. He was also implying that she should not have done what she did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
+
+# The snake tricked me
+
+The snake deceived or misled her. He lied to her. Don’t use a word that indicates that he cast a spell on her or bewitched her. The woman blamed the snake rather than confessing her disobedience and accepting responsibility for disobeying God.

content/02/09.md

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+# You are cursed!
+
+This could also be translated as: “I curse you!” or “Great harm will come to you.” Do not use a word that implies magic.
+
+# will hate each other
+
+The woman would hate the snake and the snake would hate the woman. The women’s descendants would also hate the snake’s descendants, and the snake’s descendants would hate them.
+
+# The woman’s descendant
+
+Refers to one of her descendants in particular.
+
+# will crush your head
+
+The descendant of the woman will destroy the descendant of the snake.
+
+# will wound his heel
+
+The descendant of the snake will wound the descendant of the woman.

content/02/10.md

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+# childbirth very painful
+
+Some languages may need to express this as a verb. You could say: ‘I will cause you to have much more pain when you give birth to children.’

content/02/11.md

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+# the ground is cursed
+
+As punishment for Adam’s disobedience, the earth would no longer be fruitful. Adam would have to work very hard to raise enough food to eat.
+
+# you will die
+
+The ultimate punishment for their disobedience was death. Spiritual death is our separation from God. Physical death is our separation from our body.
+
+# will return to soil
+
+God created Adam from the soil and gave him life. As a result of sin, his life will be taken from him and his body will decompose and become soil again.
+
+# Eve, which means “life-giver,”
+
+God gave life to Adam and Eve, and it is passed on to every person through childbirth.
+
+# the mother of all people
+
+This means that she would be the female ancestor of all people. Some languages might say ‘she would be the grandmother of all people.’

content/02/12.md

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+# like us by knowing good and evil
+
+Here, this phrase points to a new way that Adam and Eve would be like God. Because they had sinned, they were aware of evil and could experience it. You could say: “because now they knew both good and evil.”
+
+# like us
+
+The Bible teaches that there is one God, but the Old Testament word ‘God’ is a plural form, and God uses plural pronouns when speaking to himself. Some understand this as a special way of speaking that expresses God’s majesty, and others understand this as God the Father speaking to the Son and the Spirit, who are all God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
+
+# good and evil
+
+This is a merism. **Good** and **evil** are two extremes that represent everything in between them. God is saying that they would understand everything about what is right and wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
+
+# they must not be allowed
+
+This can be stated in active form: “we must not allow them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+
+# the fruit
+
+The specific kind of fruit is not revealed, so it is best to translate this using a general word for fruit.
+
+# the tree of life
+
+This was an actual tree with fruit (See: [01:11](01/11)). If a person ate this fruit, he would live continually and never die.
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/03/00.md

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+# The Flood
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About God made a great flood” or “What happened when God made a great flood?”

content/03/01.md

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+# After a long time
+
+This story happens many generations (hundreds of years) after creation.
+
+# very wicked and violent
+
+It may be more natural to say: “had become wicked and did violent things.”
+
+# It became so bad
+
+It may be clearer to say: “People were behaving in such harmful and evil ways.”
+
+# God decided to destroy
+
+This does not mean that the earth would be destroyed completely. Rather God planned to destroy all the people who had rebelled against him and who had caused such evil and violence. This flood would also kill all the land animals and the birds.
+
+# a huge flood
+
+Very deep water that would cover the earth, even in places where the ground was normally dry, and even covering the tops of the highest mountains.

content/03/02.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# God was pleased with Noah
+
+God was pleased with Noah because he feared and obeyed God. So even though Noah was not sinless, God was gracious to him and made a plan to rescue his family from the devastating flood. Make sure this does not sound like Noah was lucky or that he just happened to escape. Rather, it was God’s choice.
+
+# was going to make a big flood
+
+God planned to cause deep water to cover the earth by sending a lot of rain. That is, he planned to cause the flood by causing a lot of rain to fall.
+
+# a big flood
+
+See how you translated this in [03:01](03/01).

content/03/03.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# the boat
+
+The boat was big enough to carry eight people, two of every kind of animal, and their provisions for almost a year.

content/03/04.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Noah warned the people
+
+Noah told everyone that God planned to destroy the world because of sin.
+
+# to turn to God
+
+This means that they should stop sinning and start obeying God.

content/03/06.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# God sent
+
+Noah did not need to find the animals. God sent them to him.
+
+# used for sacrifices
+
+For some languages, it may be better to say something like, ‘animals that were acceptable to sacrifice to God.’ God had decided that people should sacrifice animals to him, but he only permitted them to sacrifice certain kinds of animals.
+
+# God himself closed the door
+
+This emphasizes that it was God who shut the door.

content/03/07.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# rain, and rain, and rain
+
+This emphasizes that there was an unusual, extreme amount of rain. Other languages may have a different way of emphasizing this.
+
+# gushing up
+
+This indicates that there was a large amount of water coming out.
+
+# the whole world was covered
+
+This refers to all the earth being covered with water from the flood.

content/03/09.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# the rains stopped
+
+This could be translated as: “it stopped raining.”
+
+# the boat rested
+
+There was so much water from the rain that it covered the mountains. The ship floated over the mountains, and when the water started to go down, the ship went down with the water and settled on a mountain.
+
+# After three more months
+
+During the next three months, the water continued to go down.
+
+# were visible
+
+Other ways to translate this would be “were showing” or “appeared” or “could be seen.” It may be more clear to say: “After three months, the water had gone down enough so that Noah and his family could clearly see the tops of the mountains.”

content/03/10.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# a raven
+
+A black bird that flies and eats a variety of plant and animal foods, including the rotting flesh of dead animals.

content/03/11.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# a dove
+
+A small white or gray flying bird that eats seeds or fruit.
+
+# an olive branch
+
+An olive tree’s fruit contains oil which people use for cooking or putting on their skin. If your language does not have a word for **olive branch**, you could translate it as: “branch from a tree called ‘olive’” or “branch from an oil-tree.”
+
+# The water was going down
+
+It may be more natural in your language to say: “the water was going away” or “the level of the water was getting lower.”

content/03/12.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# waited another week
+
+You could say: “waited seven more days.” The word **waited** shows that Noah was allowing time for the floodwaters to go down before sending out the dove again.

content/03/13.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Two months later
+
+This means two months after Noah released the dove from the ark. It may be necessary to say this explicitly if it is not clear.
+
+# God said to Noah, “You and your family and all the animals may leave the boat now. Have many children and grandchildren and fill the earth.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God told Noah that he and his family and all the animals could leave the boat then, and have many children and grandchildren and fill the earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Have many children
+
+To make sure it is clear that this was God’s command and desire, you could say: “You must have many children” or “I want you to have many children.”
+
+# fill the earth
+
+If this is not clear, it may be necessary to say: “and fill the earth with people” or “so that there will be many people living on the earth.”
+
+# came out
+
+Some languages would say: “went out” instead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])

content/03/14.md

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+# animal that could be used for a sacrifice
+
+Another way to say this would be: “that people could use to sacrifice to him.”
+
+# God was happy
+
+God was pleased with Noah for sacrificing these animals.

content/03/15.md

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+# God said, “I promise I will never again curse the ground because of the evil things that people do, or destroy the world by causing a flood, even though people are sinful from the time they are children.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God promised to never again curse the ground because of the evil things that people do, or destroy the world by causing a flood, even though people are sinful from the time they are children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# never again
+
+This means ‘not ever again’ or ‘not again at any time’ or ‘truly not again.’ Examples: ‘I will not ever again curse the ground’ or ‘I will not curse the ground again at any time’ or ‘I will truly not curse the ground again.’
+
+# curse the ground
+
+The earth and the other creatures suffered because of man’s sin.
+
+# the world
+
+This refers to the earth and the living creatures that lived on it.
+
+# people are sinful from the time they are children
+
+Another way to say this would be: “people do sinful things their entire lives.”

content/03/16.md

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+# rainbow
+
+This is the multicolored arc of light that often appears in the sky after a rainstorm.
+
+# a sign
+
+A sign is something (such as an object or event) that gives a certain meaning or which points to something that is true or will happen.
+
+# of his promise
+
+In some languages, it may be better to say: “to show that he had promised.”
+
+# Every time
+
+Make sure it is clear that this means every time a rainbow appeared from that time on. It may be necessary to add: “From then on, every time…”
+
+# what he promised
+
+This refers back to the previous frame in which God promised to never again destroy the earth with a flood.
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/04/00.md

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+# God’s Covenant with Abraham
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God made a covenant with Abraham” or “Why did God make a covenant with Abraham?”

content/04/01.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Many years after the flood
+
+Many generations had passed since the end of the flood.
+
+# there were again many people
+
+Noah’s family multiplied into enough people to fill a city.
+
+# the same language
+
+This means there was only one language, so they could all understand each other.
+
+# a city
+
+It is best to use a general word for **city** since the text does not give a specific name.

content/04/02.md

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+# a tall tower that would reach heaven
+
+This structure was so tall that its top would be in the sky.
+
+# heaven
+
+This could be translated as: “sky.”

content/04/03.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# changed their language
+
+In an instant, God miraculously gave them different languages to speak so that, suddenly, they were no longer able to understand each other.
+
+# many different languages
+
+Instead of one large group of people speaking one language, there were now many smaller people groups each speaking its own separate language.
+
+# spread the people
+
+When God changed their languages, he caused these groups of people to scatter out on the earth. Each group moved to its own area.
+
+# Babel
+
+We don’t know the exact location of this city, other than it was somewhere in the ancient Middle East.
+
+# confused
+
+This refers to how the people were confused or mixed-up when they could no longer understand each other after God changed their language.

content/04/04.md

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+# Hundreds of years later
+
+This could be translated as: “many generations after the people split into different language groups at Babel.” or “a long time after that happened.”
+
+# God told him, “Leave your country and family and go to the land I will show you. I will bless you and make you a great nation. I will make your name great. I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you. All families on earth will be blessed because of you.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God told him to leave his country and family and go to the land he would show him. God would bless him and make him a great nation. He would make his name great. He would bless those who curse Abram and curse those who curse him. All families on earth will be blessed because of you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Leave your country
+
+This refers to the area where Abram was born and grew up (a region in Central Asia called ‘Ur’). It could be translated as: “native region” or “homeland” or something similar.
+
+# and family
+
+God was calling Abram to leave behind most of his relatives. However, God was not telling Abram to abandon the people he was responsible for, including his wife.
+
+# make you a great nation
+
+Here **great nation** is a metonym that means God would cause Abram to have many descendants, and they would become a large and important nation or country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+
+# will make your name great
+
+This means that Abram’s name and family would become well-known throughout the world and people would think well of them.
+
+# All families on earth will be blessed because of you
+
+This can be stated in active form: “I will bless all families on earth because of you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+
+# All families on earth
+
+Abram’s decision to follow God would affect not only his own family, but also families from every people group on earth.

content/04/05.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# He took
+
+Some languages would say: “He brought” here. Others would use two different verbs here, such as: “He caused his wife to come with him” or “He brought along all of their servants and possessions.”
+
+# God showed him
+
+Somehow God made it clear to Abram where he was to go. The text doesn’t tell how God showed him.
+
+# the land of Canaan
+
+The name of this land was ‘Canaan.’ This could be translated as: “the land called Canaan.”

content/04/06.md

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+# God said, “Look all around you. I will give to you all this land, and your descendants will always possess it.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God told Abram to look all around, for God would give to him all this land, and his descendants would always possess it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# all this land
+
+If Abram was standing on a mountain, he could have seen a very large area. On several occasions, God promised to give the entire land of Canaan to Abram and his descendants.
+
+# your descendants will always possess it
+
+God promised to give the land to Abram and also to his descendants.
+
+# Then Abram settled in the land
+
+Abram lived there along with all those who had gone there with him.

content/04/07.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Melchizedek blessed Abram and said, “May God Most High who owns heaven and earth bless Abram.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Melchizedek blessed Abram and asked that God Most High who owns heaven and earth would bless Abram.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Melchizedek
+
+Melchizedek was the recognized religious authority in Canaan who received and presented offerings to God.
+
+# God Most High
+
+The people of Canaan worshiped many false gods. The title **Most High God** explains that the God that Melchizedek worshiped was far superior to all of them, and was the same God that Abram worshiped.

content/04/08.md

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+# Many years went by
+
+A large number of years had passed since God had first promised that Abram would have a son.
+
+# as the stars in the sky
+
+This expression means that Abram’s descendants will be so many that no one can count them all.

content/04/09.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# two parties
+
+The parties could be two people, two groups of people, or a person and a group of people.
+
+# in this case, God made a promise to Abram
+
+The promise that God made to Abraham was without conditions. God would do what he promised. It did not depend on what Abram did.
+
+# God said, “I will give you a son from your own body. I give the land of Canaan to your descendants.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God said he would give Abram a son from his own body, and would give the land of Canaan to his descendants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# from your own body
+
+With his own body, Abram would cause his wife to become pregnant, so that, together, they would have their own, natural son. This was an amazing promise, since Abram and Sarai were very old.
+
+# did not have a son
+
+Abram still did not have any descendants who could possess the land.
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/05/00.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# The Son of Promise
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God promised Abraham that he would have a son” or “How did God promise to give Abraham a son?”

content/05/01.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# they still did not have a child
+
+Without a child, Abram had no descendants to become a great nation.
+
+# So Abram’s wife, Sarai, said to him, “Since God has not allowed me to have children, and now I am too old to have children, here is my servant, Hagar. Marry her also so she can have a child for me.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “So Abram’s wife, Sarai, said to him that since God had not allowed her to have children and now I am too old to have children, Abram should take her servant, Hagar, and marry her also so she could have a child for Sarai.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Marry her also
+
+Abram would take Hagar as a second wife, but Hagar would not have the full status of a wife as Sarai did. She was still Sarai’s servant.
+
+# have a child for me
+
+Since Hagar was Sarai’s servant, Sarai would be considered the mother of any children that Hagar bore.

content/05/02.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# married
+
+Hagar became Abram’s concubine–a ‘second wife’ of lower status. Hagar was still Sarai’s servant.
+
+# became jealous of Hagar
+
+Sarai was jealous of Hagar because Hagar could have children and Sarai could not.

content/05/03.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# God also told Abram, “You will be the father of many nations. I will give you and your descendants the land of Canaan as their possession, and I will be their God forever. You must circumcise every male in your family.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God also told Abram that Abram would be the father of many nations. God would give him and his descendants the land of Canaan as their possession and would be their God forever. Abram must circumcise every male in his family.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# the father of many nations
+
+Abram would have many descendants, and they would have their own lands and rule themselves. They and others would remember that Abram was their ancestor and would honor him.
+
+# I will be their God
+
+Another way to say this is: “I will be the God that they will worship.”
+
+# every male in your family
+
+This could be translated as: “every boy and man in your family.” This included Abram’s servants and his descendants.

content/05/04.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# General Information
+
+God continues to speak to Abram.
+
+# “Your wife, Sarai, will have a son—he will be the son of promise. Name him Isaac. I will make my covenant with him, and he will become a great nation. I will make Ishmael a great nation, too, but my covenant will be with Isaac.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “His wife, Sarai, would have a son—he will be the son of promise. He would name him Isaac. God would make is covenant with Isaac, and he will become a great nation. God would make Ishmael a great nation, too, but his covenant would be with Isaac.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# the son of promise
+
+Isaac would be the son that God promised to Sarai and Abram. He would also be the son that God would use to give Abram many descendants.
+
+# I will make my covenant with him
+
+This would be the same covenant that God made with Abram.
+
+# father of many
+
+As God had promised, Abraham would become the ancestor of many people who would even become many nations.
+
+# princess
+
+A princess is a daughter of a king. The names Sarai and Sarah apparently both meant ‘princess.’ But God changed her name to signify that she would be the mother of many nations, and some of her descendants would be kings.

content/05/05.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# all the males in his household
+
+This means all of the men and boys that Abraham was responsible for, including his male servants, young and old.

content/05/06.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# God tested Abraham’s faith by saying, “Take Isaac, your only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to me.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God tested Abraham’s faith by telling him to take Isaac, his only son, and kill him as a sacrifice to God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# God tested Abraham’s faith
+
+God wanted Abraham to show that he was completely submitted to God, that he would obey whatever God told him to do.
+
+# your only son
+
+It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “your only son whom I have promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+
+# kill him
+
+God did not want human sacrifice. God wanted to see that Abraham loved God more than he loved his son and would obey God even when God told him to give his son back to God.
+
+# prepared to sacrifice his son
+
+Abraham got ready to sacrifice his son. God stopped him before he killed his son.

content/05/07.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# walked to the place of sacrifice
+
+God had told Abraham to sacrifice Isaac on a special high hill that was about three days’ walk from where they lived.
+
+# Isaac asked, “Father, we have wood for the sacrifice, but where is the lamb?”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Isaac told his father that they had wood for the sacrifice, but he did not know where the lamb was.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# wood for the sacrifice
+
+For a sacrifice, normally the lamb was killed and then placed on top of wood so that the wood and the lamb could be burned up with fire.
+
+# the lamb
+
+A young sheep or goat would be the normal animal for a sacrifice.
+
+# Abraham replied, “God will provide the lamb for the sacrifice, my son.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Abraham replied to his son that God would provide the lamb for the sacrifice.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# will provide the lamb
+
+Abraham may have believed that Isaac was the lamb that God provided, although God fulfilled Abraham’s words by providing a ram to sacrifice in Isaac’s place.

content/05/08.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# to kill his son
+
+God did not want human sacrifice. God wanted to see that Abraham loved God more than he loved his son and would obey God even when God told him to give his son back to God.
+
+# God said, “Stop! Do not hurt the boy! Now I know that you fear me because you did not keep your only son from me.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God told him to stop, and not to hurt the boy! God now knew that Abraham feared God because he did not keep his only son from him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# you fear me
+
+Abraham feared God, which included respect and reverence for God. Because of those things, he obeyed God.
+
+# your only son
+
+Ishmael was also Abraham’s son, but Isaac was the only son of Abraham and Sarah. God’s covenant was with Isaac and it was through Isaac that God would fulfill his promise. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “your only son whom I have promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

content/05/09.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# a ram
+
+A ram is an adult male sheep.
+
+# God had provided the ram
+
+Just at the right moment, God caused the ram to be stuck in the bush.

content/05/10.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Then God said to Abraham, “Because you were willing to give me everything, even your only son, I promise to bless you. Your descendants will be more than the stars in the sky. Because you have obeyed me, I will bless all the families of the world through your family.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Then God said to Abraham that because Abraham was willing to give God everything, even his only son, he promised to bless him. His descendants will be more than the stars in the sky. Because Abraham had obeyed him, God would bless all the families of the world through Abraham’s family.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# your only son
+
+See explanation in [05:08](05/08).
+
+# the stars in the sky
+
+See explanation in [04:08](04/08).
+
+# all the families of the world
+
+Here, **families** refers to the larger distinct groups of people on earth, rather than to each set of parents and children.
+
+# your family
+
+Here, **family** refers to the many descendants that Abraham would have. The future generations of the world would be blessed through Abraham’s descendants. The greatest blessing would come many generations later through God’s chosen servant, the Messiah.
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/06/00.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# God Provides for Isaac
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God got a wife for Isaac” or “How did God get a wife for Isaac?”

content/06/01.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# sent one of his servants back
+
+This could be translated as: “told one of his servants to go back.” The word **back** means that the servant would be going to the same place where Abraham used to live long ago before he came to Canaan. Make sure the translation of this phrase makes that clear.
+
+# to the land
+
+This land was east of where Abraham was now living.
+
+# to bring back a wife for his son, Isaac
+
+This could be translated as: “to bring back an unmarried woman for his son, Isaac, to marry.”

content/06/02.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# the granddaughter of Abraham’s brother
+
+Specifically, she was the daughter of Abraham’s brother’s son. Her grandfather was Abraham’s brother.

content/06/03.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Rebekah agreed
+
+Even though Rebekah’s parents were arranging her marriage, they did not force her to go marry Isaac.

content/06/04.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# God then blessed Abraham’s son Isaac because of the covenant he had made with Abraham.
+
+The promises of the covenant that God made with Abraham were not for him only, but also for his descendants.
+
+# countless
+
+This could also be translated as: “very many.” The word **countless** means there would be so many descendants that people would not be able to count them.

content/06/05.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# in Rebekah’s womb
+
+This could mean ‘inside her.’

content/06/06.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# God told Rebekah, “You will give birth to two sons. Their descendants will become two different nations. They will struggle with each other. But the nation coming from your older son will have to obey the nation coming from your younger son.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “God told Rebekah that she would give birth to two sons. Their descendants would become two different nations. They would struggle with each other. But the nation coming from her older son would have to obey the nation coming from her younger son.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# They will struggle with each other
+
+Both the two sons and the nations that will come from them will continually fight with each other. Compare to [06:05](06/05).
+
+# your older son
+
+Even though the babies were twins, the baby that came out first would be treated as the older son.

content/06/07.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Rebekah’s babies were born
+
+Some languages have a more indirect way of saying this such as: “when Rebekah saw and took them” or “when Rebekah brought them to light.”
+
+# the older son came out…the younger son came out
+
+This could be translated as: “the first son to come out was…the second son to come out was.” Make sure that the way **older** and **younger** are translated still communicates that the boys were twins.
+
+# red
+
+This may mean that his skin was very red or that the hair on his body was red.
+
+# hairy
+
+Esau had a lot of hair on his body. You could say: “the older son’s body was red, with lots of hair.”
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/07/00.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# God Blesses Jacob
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God helped Jacob” or “What did God do to help Jacob?”

content/07/01.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# As the boys grew up, Jacob loved to stay at home, but Esau loved to hunt animals
+
+This is background information telling how the boys were different from each other, and that their parents each favored one child over the other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+
+# loved to stay at home…loved to hunt
+
+Some languages will use a word for **love** here that is different from the one used for, “Rebekah loved Jacob.” For example, this could be translated as: “liked to stay at home…liked to hunt” or “preferred to stay at home…preferred to hunt.”
+
+# at home
+
+This expression refers to the area around the family dwellings. Jacob preferred to stay close to the tents where they lived. Some languages have a special expression for **at home**.
+
+# but Esau loved to hunt animals
+
+The connecting word **but** contrasts Esau’s love of hunting with Jacob’s love of staying home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# Rebekah loved Jacob, but Isaac loved Esau
+
+This could be translated as: “Rebekah was more fond of Jacob, and Isaac was more fond of Esau.” This does not necessarily mean that Rebekah and Isaac did not love the other son, but that each parent had a favorite.
+
+# but Isaac loved Esau
+
+The connecting word **but** contrasts Isaac’s love of Esau with Rebekah’s love of Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])

content/07/02.md

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+# Esau said to Jacob, “Give me some of the food you have made.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Esau asked Jacob to give him some of the food that Jacob had made.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# Give me some of the food…you will give it all
+
+Some languages may prefer to use two different words for **give** here. This would also apply to, “Esau promised to give…Jacob gave” in the last two sentences.
+
+# Jacob responded, “First, promise me that everything you should receive because you were born first, you will give it all to me.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “Jacob told Esau to first promise that everything Easu would receive because he was born first, he would give it all to Jacob.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# everything you should receive because you were born first
+
+According to their custom, since Esau was the oldest son, he should have been the one to receive twice as much of their father’s wealth when their father died. Jacob thought of a way to take these rights of the oldest son from Esau.

content/07/03.md

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+# give his blessing
+
+It was customary for fathers to formally express their desire for good things to happen to their children. Normally, the older son received the best promise. Isaac wanted this extra prosperity to happen to Esau.
+
+# But before he did
+
+The connecting word **But** here contrasts Isaac’s desire to give Esau a blessing with the Rebekah and Jacob’s trick that intervened, preventing him from doing so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# tricked him
+
+The word **trick** means to do something to deliberately deceive someone. Rebekah came up with a plan to deceive Isaac into giving Jacob the special blessing instead of Esau.
+
+# pretend
+
+The word **pretend** shows how Jacob would deceive his father (who had very poor eyesight in his old age).
+
+# So Jacob put on Esau’s clothes and put goatskins on his neck and hands.
+
+The connecting word **So** here connects the result, Jacob put on Esau’s clothes and goatskin to deceive Isaac, with the reason, Isaac was old and blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+
+# Esau’s clothes
+
+This refers to the clothes that Esau owned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# goatskins
+
+The hairiness of the goatskins would make Jacob feel like Esau.

content/07/04.md

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+# Jacob came to Isaac
+
+In some languages, it might be more natural to say: “Jacob went to Isaac.”
+
+# When Isaac felt the goat hair and smelled the clothes, he thought it was Esau and blessed him.
+
+This is a sequential clause. The word **When** connects Isaac feeling and smelling Jacob with the resulting action (he believed it was Esau and blessed him). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+
+# he thought it was Esau
+
+He thought that the person he was touching and smelling was Esau.

content/07/05.md

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+# because Jacob had stolen his rights as oldest son and also his blessing
+
+The connecting word **because** connects the reason, Jacob stole Esau’s rights and blessing, with the result, Esau hated Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+
+# his rights
+
+This refers to the the extra blessing and inheritance that belonged to Esau because he was the firstborn son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# rights as oldest son
+
+Jacob found a way to get the larger portion of their father’s wealth that should have gone to Esau as the older son. See also note on [07:02](07/02).
+
+# his blessing
+
+Jacob also tricked their father into giving him the promise of extra prosperity that Isaac intended to give to Esau. See also note on [07:03](07/03).
+
+# So he planned to kill Jacob
+
+The connecting word **So** connects the result, Esau planned to kill Jacob, with the reason, Esau hated Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])

content/07/06.md

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+# But Rebekah heard of Esau’s plan
+
+The connecting word **But** is used in a contrast relationship. It contrasts Esau’s plan to kill Jacob with Rebekah hearing of it and devising a different plan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# Esau’s plan
+
+This refers to the plan that Esau had decided to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+Esau’s plan was to kill Jacob after his father died.
+
+# So she and Isaac sent Jacob far away
+
+The connecting word **So** connects the result, Rebekah and Isaac sent Jacob far away, with the reason, Rebekah heard of Esau’s plan to kill Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+
+# she and Isaac sent Jacob far away
+
+Rebekah wanted to protect Jacob from Esau, so she talked to Isaac about sending Jacob away.
+
+# far away to live with her relatives
+
+This was the same place where Rebekah was living when Abraham’s servant asked her to be Isaac’s wife. To make this clear, you could add: “in the same land where she used to live.” The land was to the east, several hundred miles away.
+
+# her relatives
+
+This could also be translated as: “their relatives.” Since Abraham’s brother was Rebekah’s grandfather, her relatives were also Isaac’s relatives.

content/07/07.md

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+# Rebekah’s relatives
+
+This refers to a social relationship—these people were related to Rebekah as part of her extended family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# During that time he married and had 12 sons and a daughter. God made him very wealthy.
+
+This is background information about what happened while Jacob was away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+
+# very wealthy
+
+This included money, large herds of animals and other possessions.

content/07/08.md

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+# After 20 years
+
+Jacob had lived for twenty years in the land where his mother was from. If that is not clear you could say: “After twenty years living in the land where his relatives were…” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
+
+# his family
+
+This refers to a social relationship—the people who were his family, those related to him by birth or marriage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# all his flocks and herds of animals
+
+This refers to ownership—all the groups of animals that belonged to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# herds
+
+A **herd** is a large group of animals. Use a similar word in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])

content/07/09.md

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+# Your servant, Jacob
+
+Jacob was not actually Esau’s servant. But Jacob told his servants to say this because he wanted to show Esau that he was coming to him humbly and respectfully, so that Esau would no longer be angry with him.

content/07/10.md

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+# But Esau no longer wanted to harm Jacob
+
+The connecting word **But** here contrasts Jacob’s fear of Esau wanting to kill him with Esau no longer wanting to harm Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# Instead, he was very happy to see him again
+
+The connecting word **Instead** contrasts Jacob’s fear of Esau wanting to kill him with Esau being happy to see Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# lived peacefully
+
+This refers to the fact that Esau and Jacob were not angry at each other and did not fight with each other.
+
+# Then Isaac died
+
+The connecting word **Then** connects the timing of events. Jacob’s return to Canaan and living there were followed by Isaac’s death and Jacob and Esau burying him together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+
+# buried him
+
+This could mean that they dug a hole in the ground, placed Isaac’s body in it, and covered the hole with dirt or stones. Or it could mean that they placed Isaac’s body in a cave and covered the opening.
+
+# The covenant promises
+
+These were the promises that God made in his covenant with Abraham.
+
+# passed on from Isaac to Jacob
+
+The promises went from Abraham to his son Isaac, and now to Isaac’s son Jacob. Esau did not receive the promises (See: [06:04](06/04)).
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

content/08/00.md

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+# God Saves Joseph and His Family
+
+This title can also be translated as: “About how God took care of Joseph and his family” or “How did God rescue Joseph and his family?”

content/08/01.md

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+# Many years later, when Jacob was an old man
+
+This begins a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
+
+# sent
+
+This word means that Jacob told Joseph to go and Joseph went.
+
+# his favorite son
+
+This phase refers to a social relationship—the favorite son who was born to him. This could be translated as: “the son he loved more than any of his other children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# check on
+
+This means that Joseph is to go and see if everything is all right with his brothers. Some languages might say something like: “to see about his brothers’ well-being.”
+
+# his brothers
+
+These were Joseph’s older brothers.
+
+# were taking care of the flocks
+
+Since this was several days’ journey away, it may be necessary to say: “who were far away taking care of…”

content/08/02.md

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+# because their father loved him most, and because Joseph had dreamed
+
+The word **because** connects the two reasons Joseph’s brothers hated him (their father loved him most and Joseph’s dream), with the result (they hated him). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+
+# When Joseph came
+
+The word **When** indicates the order of events. After Joseph came the brothers took him captive and sold him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+
+# came to his brothers
+
+Another way this could be translated is: “reached the place where his brothers were.”
+
+# took him captive
+
+They took him against his will. It was not right for them to do this.
+
+# slave traders
+
+These were people who made a business of buying people from one owner and selling them as slaves to another owner.

content/08/03.md

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+# Before Joseph’s brothers returned home
+
+The connecting word **Before** indicates the order of events. Joseph’s brothers tore his robe and dipped it in blood. Then they returned home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+
+# goat’s blood
+
+This connects the blood with the goat, of which it was a part. The brothers wanted Jacob to think that the blood on the clothes was Joseph’s blood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
+
+# so he would think that a wild animal
+
+The connecting word **so** connects the reason (showing Jacob the torn robe dipped in blood), with the desired result (Jacob thinking a wild animal killed Joseph). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])

content/08/04.md

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+# Egypt was a large, powerful country located along the Nile River.
+
+This is background information about the country of Egypt where the slave traders took Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+
+# a wealthy government official
+
+This was a person who was part of the Egyptian government. Another way to say this would be: “a leader in Egypt’s government.”
+
+# Joseph served his master well, and God blessed Joseph.
+
+The connecting word **and** indicates two events that happened when Joseph became a slave. There is no indication of cause and effect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])

content/08/05.md

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+# tried to sleep with Joseph
+
+Another way to say this would be: “tried to seduce Joseph to have sex with her.” To **sleep with** is a way of expressing this in order not to be crude or offensive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
+
+# but Joseph refused to sin against God
+
+The connecting word **but** indicates a contrast. You would expect that when Joseph’s master’s wife tried to sleep with him, Joseph would agree, but instead he did the unexpected and refused. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# sin against God
+
+It is against God’s law for people to have sex together if they are not married to each other. Joseph did not want to sin by disobeying God’s law.
+
+# Even in prison
+
+The connecting word **Even** indicates a contrast. You would expect Joseph to become bitter in prison but, instead, he continued to be faithful and God continued to bless him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# remained faithful to God
+
+Another way to say this would be: “continued to obey God.”

content/08/06.md

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+# which is what the Egyptians called their kings
+
+This is background information about the title, ‘Pharaoh.’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
+
+# disturbed him greatly
+
+This means that the king felt very afraid and confused (because of what he had seen in the dreams).
+
+# None of his advisors could tell him the meaning of the dreams.
+
+The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. This can be clearly stated: “God did not enable any of his advisors to tell him the meaning of the dreams..’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+
+# his advisors
+
+These were men with special powers and knowledge who could sometimes tell what dreams meant. Some translations refer to them as ‘wise men.’
+
+# the meaning of the dreams
+
+People in Egypt believed that dreams were messages from the gods telling them about what would happen in the future. God used Pharaoh’s dreams to tell him what would happen.

content/08/07.md

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+# God had given Joseph the ability to interpret dreams
+
+Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. This can be clearly stated: “God had given Joseph the ability to interpret dreams in order to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+
+# to interpret dreams
+
+To **interpret** is to tell what something means. So Joseph was able to tell people what their dreams meant.
+
+# had Joseph brought to him
+
+Another way to say this would be: “ordered his servants to bring Joseph to him.”
+
+# and said, “God is going to send seven years of plentiful harvests followed by seven years of famine.”
+
+This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “and told him that God was going to send seven years of plentiful harvests followed by seven years of famine.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
+
+# God is going to send
+
+God will cause the crops to grow well for seven years, and after that he will cause them to produce very little food so that the people and animals will not have enough to eat.
+
+# famine
+
+The gardens and fields would produce so little food that people and animals would not have enough to eat.

content/08/08.md

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+# was so impressed with Joseph
+
+Pharaoh was amazed by Joseph’s wisdom and felt respect for him; he trusted Joseph to make wise decisions that would benefit the people. It may be clearer to say: “impressed with Joseph’s wisdom.”
+
+# he appointed him to be the second most powerful man in all of Egypt!
+
+This is a strong statement that emphasizes how unusual it was for a slave to be so honored by the Pharaoh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
+
+# the second most powerful man
+
+Pharaoh made Joseph a very powerful and important ruler over all of Egypt. Only Pharaoh was more powerful and important than Joseph.

content/08/09.md

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+# to store up large amounts of food
+
+From the abundant harvests, they took food to the cities and stored it there. The food then belonged to Pharaoh.
+
+# famine
+
+See how you translated this in [08:07](08/07).

content/08/10.md

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+# The famine was severe
+
+The famine was very bad. There was very little food and many people outside of Egypt were starving.
+
+# Egypt, but also in Canaan
+
+For some languages, it may be clearer or more natural to say: “the country of Egypt, but also in the land of Canaan.”

content/08/11.md

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+# So, Jacob sent his older sons to Egypt to buy food.
+
+The connecting word **So** connects the result (Jacob send his sons to buy food), with the reason (the famine was bad in Canaan). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
+
+# his older sons
+
+These were Joseph’s older brothers who had sold him into slavery.
+
+# did not recognize Joseph
+
+They did not know that the man was Joseph, because now Joseph was much older than when they last saw him, and he was dressed as an Egyptian ruler.
+
+# But Joseph recognized them.
+
+The connecting word **But** indicates a contrast relationship. It contrasts Joseph’s brothers not recognizing him with Joseph recognizing them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])

content/08/12.md

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+# After testing his brothers
+
+The connecting word **After** begins a sequential clause. Joseph tested his brothers to see if they had changed and then he revealed who he was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
+
+# testing his brothers
+
+Joseph placed his older brothers in a difficult situation to see if they would protect their youngest brother or treat him as badly as they had treated Joseph. When they protected their youngest brother, Joseph knew they had changed.
+
+# if they had changed
+
+Another way to say this would be: “if they were different than they used to be.” Years ago Joseph’s brothers sold him into slavery. Joseph wanted to find out if they would now do what was right.
+
+# I am your brother, Joseph!
+
+This is a strong statement that Joseph was indeed their brother, even though he knew they would find it very difficut to believe that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
+
+# Do not be afraid
+
+Joseph gave this command to his brothers who were afraid because they had greatly wronged Joseph. Now, as a great ruler, he had the power to punish them. Joseph could refuse to sell them food, or could even put them in prison or kill them. Another way to say this would be: “You do not need to fear any punishment from me.”
+
+# but God used the evil for good!
+
+The connecting word **but** contrasts Joseph’s brother’s desire to do evil to God’s using it for good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
+
+# God used the evil for good!
+
+This is a strong statement, because it is surprising that God was able to cause good to happen from the evil thing the brothers did to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
+
+# evil for good
+
+Joseph’s brothers did an evil thing when they sold Joseph as a slave and he was taken to Egypt. But God allowed this so that Joseph could save thousands of people, including his own family, from starving during the famine. This was a very good thing.

content/08/14.md

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+# Even though Jacob was an old man, he moved to Egypt
+
+Egypt was a great distance away from Canaan, and it would have been difficult for an elderly man to walk or ride a cart that far.
+
+# Before Jacob died
+
+Jacob died in Egypt. He did not get to return to Canaan, the land God had promised to give to him and his descendants.

content/08/15.md

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+# The covenant promises
+
+Long ago God made an agreement with Abraham and promised him that he would give him many descendants; they would possess the land of Canaan and become a great nation. God also promised that all peoples would be blessed through Abraham’s line (See: [07:10](07/10)).
+
+# were passed on to
+
+Other ways to say this are: “passed down to” or “given to” or “applied to.” God’s promise to Abraham was also for Abraham’s children, grandchildren and all the rest of his descendants (See: [06:04](06/04)).
+
+# the 12 tribes of Israel
+
+God had promised Abraham, Isaac and Jacob that their descendants would become a great nation. God later changed Jacob’s name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob’s 12 sons became 12 great tribes. These 12 tribes made up the ancient nation called Israel, which was named by Jacob’s new name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
+
+# 12
+
+This could also be written in words: “twelve.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
+
+# A Bible story from
+
+These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.