diff --git a/content/46/01.md b/content/46/01.md index 7ddb66f..c6c11bd 100644 --- a/content/46/01.md +++ b/content/46/01.md @@ -1,3 +1,11 @@ +# There was a man named Saul who did not believe in Jesus + +This introduces Saul as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) + +# When he was a young man, he guarded the robes of the men who killed Stephen + +This is background information about Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) + # guarded the robes of the men who killed Stephen See [45:06](45/06). @@ -6,6 +14,15 @@ See [45:06](45/06). That is, “into many houses.” +# to arrest both men and women + +This refers to men and women who believed in Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) + # Damascus Damascus is now the capital of the country of Syria. During Saul’s time, it was a city belonging to the Roman Empire. Most of the people there were not Jewish, but there were some Jews and also some Christians living there. + +# to bring them back to Jerusalem + +Paul’s purpose can be made clear by adding “so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) + diff --git a/content/46/02.md b/content/46/02.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d074eb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/46/02.md @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# Just before he reached the city + +This is an expression that marks a change in the story to show something different is about to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + +# Why are you persecuting me? + +This rhetorical question communicates a rebuke to Saul. In some languages a statement would be more natural. Alternate translation: “You are persecuting me!” or a command “Stop persecuting me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) + diff --git a/content/46/03.md b/content/46/03.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0a1c0af --- /dev/null +++ b/content/46/03.md @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +# Saul did not eat or drink anything for three days + +It is not stated whether he chose not to eat or drink as a form of worship, or if he had no appetite because he was too distressed from his situation. It is preferable not to specify the reason. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) + diff --git a/content/46/04.md b/content/46/04.md index a861f25..95884f4 100644 --- a/content/46/04.md +++ b/content/46/04.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# There was a disciple in Damascus named Ananias + +This introduces Ananias as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) + # But Ananias said If it is not clear why the word “But” is used here, this could be translated as, “But Ananias was afraid, so he said.” @@ -6,10 +10,14 @@ If it is not clear why the word “But” is used here, this could be translated This could be translated as, “To reassure Ananias, God said” to make clear why God said this. +# Go! + +This is a command and also an exclamation. God is emphasizing that Ananias should stop objecting and go to Saul as God instructed him to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation]])) + # to declare my name That is, “to teach about me” or, “to make me known.” # for my name -That is, “for me” or, “because of me” or, “because he serves me” or, “because he teaches others about me.” +Here "my name" is a metonym that refers to Jesus. Saul will suffer many things because he will tell people about Jesus. Alternate translation: “for me” or, “because of me” or, “because he serves me” or, “because he teaches others about me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) diff --git a/content/46/05.md b/content/46/05.md index 4535491..dabd82d 100644 --- a/content/46/05.md +++ b/content/46/05.md @@ -1,3 +1,12 @@ +# placed his hands on him + +Ananias put his hands on Saul. This was a symbol of giving a blessing to Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) + # here That is, “to Damascus.” + +# Immediately + +This introduces a simultaneous clause. Saul was able to see as soon as Ananias touched him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]]) + diff --git a/content/46/06.md b/content/46/06.md index f0f73d4..5922e5d 100644 --- a/content/46/06.md +++ b/content/46/06.md @@ -1,6 +1,14 @@ # Right away -This can also be translated as, “Immediately” or, “Then.” +This can also be translated as, “Immediately” or, “Then.” This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + +# Son of God + +This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) + +# because Saul had tried to kill believers + +The connecting word "because" connects the reason—the change in Saul, that he had tried to kill people who believed in Jesus, and now he himself believed in Jesus, with the result—the Jews were amazed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) # argued with the Jews diff --git a/content/46/07.md b/content/46/07.md index 1b26bf5..1415d56 100644 --- a/content/46/07.md +++ b/content/46/07.md @@ -1,6 +1,14 @@ -# the city gates +# After many days -The gates were the only normal way into or out of the walled cities. +This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + +# the Jews made a plan to kill Saul + +This refers to the leaders of the Jews. Alternate translation: “the Jewish leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) + +# to watch for him at the city gates + +The gates were the only normal way into or out of the walled cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) # lowered him over the city wall in a basket diff --git a/content/46/08.md b/content/46/08.md index 267ed60..8a6f8d8 100644 --- a/content/46/08.md +++ b/content/46/08.md @@ -1,3 +1,11 @@ +# Saul went to Jerusalem + +This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + +# but they were afraid of him + +The connecting word "but" introduces a contrast relationship. Saul was now a disciple so you would expect the apostles would want to meet with him, but instead they were afraid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) + # accepted Saul That is, “believed that Saul also was a believer in Jesus.” diff --git a/content/46/09.md b/content/46/09.md index 002fea2..c7873e4 100644 --- a/content/46/09.md +++ b/content/46/09.md @@ -5,3 +5,8 @@ This was an ancient city located in what is now the southernmost tip of the mode # to strengthen the church This could also be translated as, “to help the church to grow strong spiritually” or, “to help the believers in Jesus to grow strong in their faith” or, “to help the people to believe more firmly in Jesus.” + +# believers in Jesus were first called “Christians.” + +This implies that other people called the believers by this name. This can be stated in active form: “The people of Antioch first called the believers in Jesus Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) + diff --git a/content/46/10.md b/content/46/10.md index 61d3bfa..45d8e78 100644 --- a/content/46/10.md +++ b/content/46/10.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # One day -This phrase introduces an event that happened in the past, but does not state the specific time. Many languages have a similar way to begin telling a true story. +This phrase introduces an event that happened in the past, but does not state the specific time. Many languages have a similar way to begin telling a true story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) # Set apart for me… @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This could also be translated as, “the believers” or, “the Christians.” # placed their hands on them -This could also be translated as, “blessed them with the power and authority of the Holy Spirit by putting their hands on them” or, “put their hands on them as a sign of their unity in the Spirit.” Some languages may have to say where they placed their hands. If so, you could say they placed their hands on their head, shoulder or back. +This act showed that the leaders agreed that the Holy Spirit had called Barnabas and Saul to do this work. This could also be translated as, “blessed them with the power and authority of the Holy Spirit by putting their hands on them” or, “put their hands on them as a sign of their unity in the Spirit.” Some languages may have to say where they placed their hands. If so, you could say they placed their hands on their head, shoulder or back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) # sent them out diff --git a/content/47/01.md b/content/47/01.md index 47d26cf..de49564 100644 --- a/content/47/01.md +++ b/content/47/01.md @@ -1,7 +1,23 @@ +# As Saul traveled throughout the Roman Empire, he began to use his Roman name, “Paul.” + +This is background information about why Saul was now called Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) + +# One day + +This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + # proclaim That is, “teach” or, “preach.” +# they met a woman named Lydia + +This introduces Lydia as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) + +# who was a merchant. She loved and worshiped God. + +This is background information about who Lydia was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) + # merchant This could also be translated as, “seller” or, “business owner.” diff --git a/content/47/03.md b/content/47/03.md index 9a3cd0c..678123d 100644 --- a/content/47/03.md +++ b/content/47/03.md @@ -1,7 +1,12 @@ +# a slave girl + +This introduces the unnamed slave girl as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) + # her masters In this case, this could also be translated as, “her owners.” -# as a fortuneteller +# a fortuneteller + +That is, “as someone who told people what would happen to them in the future.” A fortuneteller tried to get information from spirits in the supernatural world. A person who does this is sometimes called a "diviner" or "soothsayer." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknowns]]) -That is, “as someone who told people what would happen to them in the future.” diff --git a/content/47/04.md b/content/47/04.md index 2d9ab8d..5886393 100644 --- a/content/47/04.md +++ b/content/47/04.md @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ # the way to be saved -That is, “how you can be saved” or, “how God saves people” or, “God’s plan for saving people.” +How a person can be saved is spoken of here as if it were a way or path that a person walks on. Alternate translation: “how you can be saved” or, “how God saves people” or, “God’s plan for saving people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) + diff --git a/content/47/05.md b/content/47/05.md index 4e89e00..f1c4a30 100644 --- a/content/47/05.md +++ b/content/47/05.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # one day -This phrase introduces an event that happened in the past, but does not state the specific time. Many languages have a similar way to begin telling a true story. +This phrase introduces an event that happened in the past, but does not state the specific time. Many languages have a similar way to begin telling a true story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) # turned to her @@ -8,8 +8,13 @@ That is, “turned around and looked at her.” # In the name of Jesus -That is, “by the authority of Jesus.” Because of Jesus’ authority, Paul could command the demon to leave. +That is, “by the authority of Jesus.” Here “name” stands for speaking with the authority or as the representative of Jesus Christ. Because of Jesus’ authority, Paul could command the demon to leave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) # come out of her That is, “leave her” or, “go away from her.” + +# Right away the demon left her + +“the demon came out immediately” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) + diff --git a/content/47/06.md b/content/47/06.md index 8f52a12..d97fc0e 100644 --- a/content/47/06.md +++ b/content/47/06.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# The men who owned the slave girl became very angry! + +This exclamation emphasizes how angry the men who owned the servant girl became at Paul and Silas. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]]) + # without the demon That is, “without the power from the demon” or, “now that she did not have the demon.” diff --git a/content/47/07.md b/content/47/07.md index 6e18862..3f5d4db 100644 --- a/content/47/07.md +++ b/content/47/07.md @@ -1,3 +1,11 @@ +# So the owners of the slave girl + +The connecting word "So" introduces a reason and result relationship. The reason was the owners could no longer make money. The result was they took Paul and Silas to the Roman authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) + +# They beat + +"They" is the Roman authorities, not the owners of the slave girl. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) + # threw them That is, “put them.” diff --git a/content/47/08.md b/content/47/08.md index 01dde4c..0ecc5f3 100644 --- a/content/47/08.md +++ b/content/47/08.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +# But in the middle of the night + +The connecting word "But" introduces a contrast relationship. Paul and Silas had been beaten, put in prison with their feet locked into wood. You would expect them to be crying or protesting, but instead of doing that, they were singing songs of praise to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) + # in the middle of the night This could be translated as, “very late at night” or, “very early in the morning.” This was when it was completely dark outside, when people would normally be asleep. diff --git a/content/47/09.md b/content/47/09.md index 1d2d5db..cd37f12 100644 --- a/content/47/09.md +++ b/content/47/09.md @@ -1,3 +1,11 @@ +# Suddenly + +This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) + +# the chains of all the prisoners + +The possessive "of the prisoners" here refers chains that were holding the prisoners in place. They did not belong to the prisoners—they belonged to the Roman government. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) + # fell off That is, “suddenly came off” or, “suddenly came apart so that the prisoners were released.” \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/47/10.md b/content/47/10.md index 7e98119..ef99337 100644 --- a/content/47/10.md +++ b/content/47/10.md @@ -2,6 +2,15 @@ That is, “the official in charge of the jail.” +# so he got ready to kill himself + +The connecting word "so" introduces a reason and result relationship. The reason was the jailer was afraid of the Roman authorities because he thought the prisoners had escaped. The result is he intended to kill himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) + +# But Paul saw him and shouted + +The connecting word "But" introduces a contrast relationship. You would expect that the prisoners had escaped and that the jailer will kill himself. Instead Paul stops him from killing himself, and tells him that all the prisoners are still in the jail. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) + # We -Some languages have a special form of the word “we” which does not include the person being talked to. Here the “we” does not include the jailer, only Paul and the rest of the prisoners. +Some languages have a special form of the word “we” which does not include the person being talked to. Here the “We” does not include the jailer, only Paul and the rest of the prisoners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) + diff --git a/content/47/11.md b/content/47/11.md index 823e31c..6581fb3 100644 --- a/content/47/11.md +++ b/content/47/11.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# to be saved +# What must I do to be saved? -This could also be translated as, “in order to be saved from my sins” or “so that God will save me from my sins.” The question refers to salvation from being punished by the God who caused the earthquake. +The question refers to salvation from being punished by the God who caused the earthquake. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what must I do for God to save me from my sins?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) # Believe in Jesus, the Master @@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ This is addressed to both the jailer and his family, who all then believed and w # you and your family will be saved -This can also be translated as, “God will save you and your family from eternal punishment for your sins.” Make sure it is clear that the salvation referred to here is spiritual, not physical. +This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will save you and your family” or “God will save you and your family from eternal punishment for your sins.” Make sure it is clear that the salvation referred to here is spiritual, not physical. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) + diff --git a/content/47/12.md b/content/47/12.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7a5369d --- /dev/null +++ b/content/47/12.md @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +# so Paul and Silas baptized them + +The connecting word "so introduces a reason and result relationship. The reason is the jailer and his whole family believed in Jesus. The result is that Paul and Silas baptized all of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) + diff --git a/content/47/13.md b/content/47/13.md index ced51e8..b260890 100644 --- a/content/47/13.md +++ b/content/47/13.md @@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ This refers to, “the officials of the city” or, “the authorities of the city.” +# and then left the city + +This indicates that end of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]]) + # The good news about Jesus kept spreading That is, “People in more and more places were hearing the good news about Jesus.”