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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
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NUM front intro p55k 0 # Introduction to Numbers<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Numbers<br><br>1. Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)<br>- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)<br>- Regulations (5:1–6:27)<br>- Dedicating the altar (7:1-89)<br>- Setting up the lampstand (8:1-4)<br>- Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29)<br>- Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10)<br>1. Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:11–17:13)<br>- Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15)<br>- The quails (11:16–35)<br>- Miriam’s leprosy (12:1–16)<br>- The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45)<br>- Commands (15:1-41)<br>- Korah’s rebellion (16:1–17:13)<br>1. The Priests and purifying (18:1-19:22)<br>- Priests and Levites (18:1–32)<br>- The law about purifying (19:1–22)<br>1. Conflicts (20:1–21:35)<br>- Miriam’s death (20:1–13)<br>- Edom’s refusal and Aaron’s death (20:14–29)<br>- Journey to Moab (21:1–35)<br>1. The Plains of Moab (22:1–36:13)<br>- Balaam (22:1–24:25)<br>- Baal Peor (25:1–18)<br>- The second counting (26:1-65)<br>- Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11)<br>- Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23)<br>- Offerings and women’s vows (28:1–30:16)<br>- Midianite war (31:1–54)<br>- Across the Jordan (32:1–42)<br>- The people set up camp (33:1–56)<br>- Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34)<br>- Female heirs marry (36:1-13)<br><br>### What is the Book of Numbers about?<br><br>The Book of Numbers tells about the people of Israel as they traveled from Mount Sinai in the wilderness to the Jordan River. While traveling, the Israelites became discouraged. So they rebelled against the leaders whom God had given them. At the Jordan River, the people of Israel refused to enter the Promised Land. Because the Israelites were afraid and did not trust God, he delayed their entry into the Promised Land for forty years (13:1–14:45). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The title of this book, “Numbers,” refers to when the number of the Israelites was counted. The people of the project language may already be familiar with the name “Numbers” from other Bible versions. If not, the translator could consider a clearer name for the book, such as “The Counting of the People of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/census]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Numbers?<br><br>The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Numbers. However, at a later time, scribes and priests probably put the book into its present form. They may have included text from other sources. One such source was “the scroll of the Wars of Yahweh” (21:14).<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?<br><br>The people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of Israel if some of the people rebelled against him. God did often punish the entire nation when some of them sinned. All of the people in the ancient Near East would have understood and expected this. However, Moses and Aaron prayed for God to punish only those who were guilty.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?<br><br>When an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun “he” instead of “I,” or “they” instead of “we.” The translator may decide to use the project’s normal pronouns instead.
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NUM 1 intro av14 0 # Numbers 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 1:5-15 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.<br><br>### Census<br><br>They counted how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. These men would also become the heads of families. It is possible the numbers in this chapter are rounded to the nearest 100.
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NUM 1 1 fr2s 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
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NUM 1 1 u2p1 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first day of the second month This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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NUM 1 1 ava2 translate-ordinal 0 the second year “year 2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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NUM 1 2 m9tq figs-explicit 0 Count them by name This means to count the men by recording their names. Alternate translation: “Count them, recording each man’s name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 1 3 p8dc translate-numbers 0 twenty years old “20 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 3 tg9n 0 record the number of men in their armed groups This refers to assigning the men to their military divisions.
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NUM 1 4 y2qy 0 a clan head “a leader of a clan”
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NUM 1 4 dd67 0 serve with you “help you”
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NUM 1 5 gs4a translate-names 0 Elizur … Shedeur These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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NUM 1 6 m6h9 translate-names 0 Shelumiel … Zurishaddai These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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NUM 1 7 v2h6 translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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NUM 1 10 s2ix translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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NUM 1 12 qi27 translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues to list the leaders of the tribes to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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NUM 1 16 r5lf figs-activepassive 0 the men appointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Yahweh appointed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 17 g4kg 0 took these men “gathered these men together”
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NUM 1 17 tgy4 figs-activepassive 0 who were recorded by name This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whose names they had recorded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 18 me3i translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first day of the second month This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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NUM 1 18 nt8v figs-parallelism 0 Then each man … identified his ancestry. He had to name the clans and families descended from his ancestors The second sentence means basically the same thing as the first and is added for clarification. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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NUM 1 18 l763 figs-idiom 0 He had to name Here “name” means to “say.” Alternate translation: “Each man had to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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NUM 1 20 n9s3 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they counted all the names” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 20 m8sv 0 able to go to war “who was able to go to war”
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NUM 1 21 v8dy translate-numbers 0 46,500 men “forty-six thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 22 yd37 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 23 g5ix translate-numbers 0 59,300 men “fifty-nine thousand three hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 24 p8et figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 25 au8r translate-numbers 0 45,650 men “forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 26 dm5n figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 27 wa5g translate-numbers 0 74,600 men “seventy-four thousand six hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 28 mv7f figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 29 nv2y translate-numbers 0 54,400 men “fifty-four thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 30 d4ce figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 31 x4v2 translate-numbers 0 57,400 men “fifty-seven thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 32 wc6u figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 33 vfi3 translate-numbers 0 40,500 men “forty thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 34 xem1 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 35 p275 translate-numbers 0 32,200 men “thirty-two thousand two hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 36 qk2s figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 37 z1k4 translate-numbers 0 35,400 men “thirty-five thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 38 gkt3 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 39 iuf8 translate-numbers 0 They counted 62,700 “They counted sixty-two thousand seven hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 40 ehj1 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 41 az93 translate-numbers 0 They counted 41,500 “They counted forty-one thousand five hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 42 mlr4 figs-activepassive 0 were counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “they counted all the names of each and every man … clans and families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 43 nv44 translate-numbers 0 They counted 53,400 “They counted fifty-three thousand four hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 45 zf3e figs-activepassive 0 So all the men of Israel … were counted in each of their families The phrase “were counted” can be stated in active form. This long phrase is repeated multiple times in the census. See how you translated it in [Numbers 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “So they counted all the men of Israel … in each of their families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 46 v79v translate-numbers 0 603,550 men “six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 1 47 rv7a figs-activepassive 0 the men who were descended from Levi were not counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses and Aaron did not count the men who were descended from Levi” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 47 nym2 figs-activepassive 0 who were descended from Levi In some languages this is a passive verb. If needed, this can be written differently. Alternate translation: “who were from the tribe of Levi” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 49 k39s figs-synecdoche 0 must not count the tribe of Levi Here the “tribe of Levi” refers to all of the men in the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: “must not count the men of the tribe of Levi” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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NUM 1 50 z56z 0 the tabernacle of the covenant decrees The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it.
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NUM 1 50 r7xf 0 everything in it Here “it” refers to the tabernacle.
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NUM 1 50 z9k7 figs-explicit 0 The Levites must carry the tabernacle It was their job to carry the tabernacle when they traveled. Alternate translation: “When you travel, the Levites must carry the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 1 50 dd55 figs-idiom 0 make their camp around it This means that they were to set up their tents around the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “set up their tents around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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NUM 1 51 p4ac figs-activepassive 0 When the tabernacle is to be set up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When it is time to set up the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 51 cju9 figs-activepassive 0 Any stranger … must be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Any stranger … must die” or “You must kill any stranger who comes near the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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NUM 1 52 gre3 0 the banner a large flag
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NUM 1 52 qn3w 0 his armed group “his military division”
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NUM 1 53 yl7f 0 the tabernacle of the covenant decrees The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md).
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NUM 1 53 j1iz figs-metaphor 0 so that my anger does not come upon the people of Israel Here Yahweh speaks of not punishing the Israelites as his anger not coming upon them. The phrase “come upon” refers to his anger being applied to them. Alternate translation: “so that in my anger I do not punish the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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NUM 1 54 k71a figs-explicit 0 Yahweh commanded through Moses Yahweh had commanded Moses everything that the Israelites were to do, and then Moses had commanded the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 2 intro wn6c 0 # Numbers 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Camping<br><br>Moses told each tribe where to camp. They were each given a specific area in which to stay.
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NUM 2 2 q34t 0 around his standard The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together. The standards was represented by a banner.
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NUM 2 2 mdj9 0 with the banners of their fathers’ houses Each extended family also had a banner under with the camp, which was within the area designated for their standard.
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NUM 2 2 p14g 0 banners A banner is a large flag.
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NUM 2 3 s1br 0 under their standard The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together, and was represented by a banner. See how you translated “standards” in [Numbers 2:2](../02/02.md).
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NUM 2 3 d4r5 0 Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md).
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NUM 2 4 wg38 translate-numbers 0 74600 “seventy-four thousand six hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 5 rk8k translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 5 su53 0 Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md).
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NUM 2 6 pvl6 0 division This is a military term for a large group of soldiers. Each tribe was its own “division.”
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NUM 2 6 s8hf translate-numbers 0 54,400 men “fifty-four thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 7 zmt1 translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 7 a457 0 Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md).
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NUM 2 8 fgs1 translate-numbers 0 57400 “fifty-seven thousand four hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “57,400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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NUM 2 9 p866 translate-numbers 0 All the number … is 186,400 “All the number … is one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred.” This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Judah. Alternate translation: “The number of the men camped under the standard of Judah is 186,400” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 2 9 e32j 0 the camp of Judah This refers to the three tribes that camp east of the tent of meeting: the tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
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NUM 2 9 za2y translate-ordinal 0 They will set out first This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Judah will start walking out before the other tribes do. Alternate translation: “When travelling, the camp of Judah will start walking first” or “When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 2 10 c4fu translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 10 c8p1 0 under their standard The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together. The standards were represented by a banner. See how you translated “standards” in [Numbers 2:2](../02/02.md).
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NUM 2 10 pe8q 0 Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md).
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NUM 2 11 nq5x translate-numbers 0 46500 “forty-six thousand five hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “46,500 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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NUM 2 12 vte5 translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 12 xc17 0 Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md).
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NUM 2 13 qb5q translate-numbers 0 59300 “Fifty-nine thousand three hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “59,300 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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NUM 2 14 udg7 translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 14 uxf8 0 Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md).
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NUM 2 15 cd9v translate-numbers 0 45650 “forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “45,650 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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NUM 2 16 sz9m translate-numbers 0 The number of all the men … is 151,450 “The number of all the men … is one hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty.” This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Reuben. Alternate translation: “The number of all the men camped under the standard of Reuben, according to their divisions, is 151,450” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 2 16 ti9z translate-ordinal 0 They will set out second This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Reuben will start walking out after the camp of Judah goes out. Alternate translation: “When travelling, the camp of Reuben will start walking second” or “When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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NUM 2 17 a2em 0 the tent of meeting must go out … in the middle of all the camps This means that the tent of meeting must be carried by the Levites in the middle of the tribes as they travel.
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NUM 2 17 b2zi 0 They must go out “They” refers to the twelve tribes.
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NUM 2 17 hja8 figs-synecdoche 0 by his banner Each man does not have his own personal banner; rather, this refers to the banner belonging to his tribe. Alternate translation: “by his tribe’s banner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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NUM 2 18 kr3c translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 18 y3jf 0 under their standard The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together. The standards were represented by a banner. See how you translated “standards” in [Numbers 2:2](../02/02.md).
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NUM 2 19 ai8d translate-numbers 0 40500 “Forty thousand five hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “40,500 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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NUM 2 20 g8a1 translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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NUM 2 20 yw3b 0 Next to them This means that the tribe of Manasseh will set out next, after the tribe of Ephraim.
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NUM 2 21 jw5g translate-numbers 0 32200 “Thirty-two thousand two hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “32,200 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 2 22 px3h translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 22 v4w1 0 Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md).
|
||||
NUM 2 23 w7su translate-numbers 0 35400 “Thirty-five thousand four hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “35,400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 2 24 b3xs translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 24 ft3h translate-numbers 0 All those numbered…108,100 “All those numbered … one hundred and eight thousand one hundred.” This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “The number of the men camped under the standard of Ephraim is 108,100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 2 24 jd35 translate-ordinal 0 They will set out third This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Ephraim will start walking out after the camp of Judah and the camp of Reuben go out. Alternate translation: “When travelling, the camp of Ephraim will start walking third” or “When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 2 25 rxq5 translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 25 c897 figs-explicit 0 the divisions of the camp of Dan The this refers to the divisions of Dan, Asher, and Naphthali that are under the standard of Dan. Alternate translation: “the divisions that camp under the standard of Dan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 2 25 x5gy 0 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 2 26 bk5e translate-numbers 0 62700 “Sixty-two thousand seven hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “62,700 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 2 27 ku8j translate-numbers 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 27 f852 0 Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
NUM 2 28 ye8h translate-numbers 0 41500 “forty-one thousand five hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “41,500 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 2 29 ij6h translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 29 g9h9 0 Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 2 30 n9ns translate-numbers 0 53400 “fifty-three thousand four hundred.” This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “53,400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 2 31 wj9y translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where each tribe and its army will camp around the tent of meeting. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 31 m5mk translate-numbers 0 All those numbered…157,600 “All those numbered … one hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred.” This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Dan. Alternate translation: “The number of the men camped under the standard of Dan is 157,600” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 2 32 ifg9 figs-activepassive 0 All those counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses and Aaron counted them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 2 32 zjs1 0 by their divisions Here “their” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 2 32 a1g3 translate-numbers 0 are 603,550 “are six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 2 34 rc4w figs-explicit 0 They went out from the camp This refers to when they would travel to another place. Alternate translation: “When they traveled, they went out from the camp” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 intro d7r1 0 # Numbers 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### The tribe of Levi<br><br>The Levites were given a special function in Israel. They belonged to or were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh. They were to be priests and because of this were held to a higher standard than the rest of Israel. Only one of Aaron’s sons survived because the others offered improper sacrifices. This tribe had a lot of responsibility during this time. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
|
||||
NUM 3 1 h3ge 0 Now Here the author uses the word “now” to shift to telling a new historical account.
|
||||
NUM 3 2 r7t6 0 Nadab the firstborn “Nadab, who was the firstborn”
|
||||
NUM 3 2 tl67 translate-names 0 Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 3 n7ww figs-activepassive 0 the priests who were anointed and who were ordained This can be stated in active form Alternate translation: “the priests whom Moses anointed and ordained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 4 xts3 0 Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 3 4 y1lm figs-idiom 0 fell dead before Yahweh The phrase “fell dead” means to suddenly die. Alternate translation: “suddenly died before Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 3 4 a4v4 figs-metonymy 0 before Yahweh This refers to Yahweh’s presence, meaning that Yahweh saw everything that happened. Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 3 4 w613 figs-metonymy 0 they offered to him unacceptable fire Here the word “fire” is used to refer to “burning incense.” Alternate translation: “they burned an incense offering in a way that Yahweh did not approve of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 3 6 e8en figs-metonymy 0 Bring the tribe of Levi Here the word “tribe” refers to the men in the tribe. Alternate translation: “Bring the men of the tribe of Levi” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 3 7 t5uv 0 on behalf of “for.” This means to do something for someone else, as a representative for them.
|
||||
NUM 3 8 zdb4 figs-metonymy 0 help the tribes of Israel Here the “tribes of Israel” refer to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “help the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 3 8 cj2z figs-idiom 0 they must help the tribes of Israel to carry out the tabernacle service The phrase “carry out” means to “serve.” Alternate translation: “they must help the tribes of Israel by serving in the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 3 8 pkf3 0 tabernacle service “work of the tabernacle”
|
||||
NUM 3 9 j739 0 You must give “You” refers to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 3 9 p7wd figs-activepassive 0 They are wholly given This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I have given them entirely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 10 lef3 figs-activepassive 0 any foreigner who comes near must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill any foreigner who comes near” or “any foreigner who comes near must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 10 ftw6 figs-explicit 0 but any foreigner who comes near The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but any foreigner who comes near the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 12 ns85 0 Look “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
NUM 3 12 pcu8 0 I have taken the Levites “I have chosen the Levites”
|
||||
NUM 3 15 e8ff figs-explicit 0 Count the descendants Yahweh was commanding Moses to only count the male descendants. Alternate translation: “Count the male descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 16 mn2a figs-parallelism 0 following the word of Yahweh, just as he was commanded to do These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that he obeyed Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 3 17 ug6d translate-names 0 General Information: This is a list of the descendants of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 18 kcf7 figs-metaphor 0 The clans coming from Here the author speaks of “descending” as if it were “coming.” Alternate translation: “The clans descending from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 3 21 cv91 figs-metaphor 0 come from Gershon Here the author speaks of “descending” as if it were “coming.” Alternate translation: “descend from Gershon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 3 21 hr6s translate-names 0 Libnites … Shimeites … Gershonites “Libnites” and “Shimeites” are the name of clans, named after the head of their family. The “Gershonites” is the name of people who descended from Gershon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 22 a8rl figs-activepassive 0 All the males from a month old and older were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses counted all the males from a month old and older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 22 rd1e translate-numbers 0 7500 “seventy-five hundred” or “seven thousand five hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 24 z5w4 translate-names 0 Eliasaph … Lael These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 26 una5 0 the courtyard hangings “the curtains in the courtyard”
|
||||
NUM 3 26 xx8u 0 the courtyard that surrounds the sanctuary and the altar “that is, the courtyard that surrounds the sanctuary and the altar”
|
||||
NUM 3 27 v53a translate-names 0 General Information: This is a list of clans that descended from Kohath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 27 h7g7 0 Kohath See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 3 28 t7j7 figs-activepassive 0 8,600 males have been counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses counted 8,600 males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 28 isl5 translate-numbers 0 8,600 males “eight thousand six hundred males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 28 b3cg 0 aged one month old and older “from a month old and older”
|
||||
NUM 3 30 h6pt translate-names 0 General Information: These verses give us information about the clans that descended from Kohath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 31 i5y8 figs-activepassive 0 the holy things that are used in their service This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the holy things which the priests use for service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 33 gw6e translate-names 0 General Information: This is a list of clans that descended from Merari. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 3 34 sjg6 figs-activepassive 0 6,200 males have been counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses counted 6,200 males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 34 ac3x translate-numbers 0 6,200 males “six thousand two hundred males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 36 v1sn 0 the framing This to the panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood.
|
||||
NUM 3 36 d511 0 crossbars These are support beams that give stability to the structure.
|
||||
NUM 3 36 p13p 0 posts A post is a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support.
|
||||
NUM 3 36 d6mz 0 bases The bases held the posts in place.
|
||||
NUM 3 36 m5e9 0 hardware This means everything used to join the crossbars, posts, and bases together.
|
||||
NUM 3 37 rg94 0 with their sockets Here “their” refers to the “pillars and posts.”
|
||||
NUM 3 37 x3i8 0 sockets, pegs, and ropes These are all items used secure the pillars and posts into place.
|
||||
NUM 3 38 hj8g 0 his sons Here “his” refers to Aaron
|
||||
NUM 3 38 i8cn figs-explicit 0 toward the sunrise This is the east side of the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “on the east side, where the sun rises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 38 e1fr figs-abstractnouns 0 for the fulfillment of the duties The word “fulfilment” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to perform the duties” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 3 38 bd3s figs-activepassive 0 Any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must kill any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary” or “Any foreigner who approaches the sanctuary must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 3 39 f54y translate-numbers 0 twenty-two thousand men “22,000 men” or “22,000 males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 41 cum8 figs-explicit 0 the livestock of the Levites This refers to all the Levites’ livestock. Alternate translation: “you must take all the Levites’ livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 42 z72r 0 all the firstborn people “all the firstborn sons”
|
||||
NUM 3 43 rk27 translate-numbers 0 22,273 men “twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 46 k7c3 figs-abstractnouns 0 for the redemption of The noun “redemption” can be translated with the verb “redeem.” Alternate translation: “to redeem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 3 46 asd9 translate-numbers 0 273 firstborn “two hundred and seventy-three firstborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 3 46 g2tq 0 firstborn people of Israel “firstborn sons of Israel”
|
||||
NUM 3 46 vgw3 translate-bweight 0 five shekels A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 55 grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
|
||||
NUM 3 46 cyy4 0 who exceed the number of the Levites This means that there are 273 more firstborn males among the other tribes of the Israelites than there are total number of Levite males.
|
||||
NUM 3 47 ijv4 figs-explicit 0 You must use the shekel of the sanctuary as your standard weight This means that the shekel must weight the same as those in the sanctuary. Alternate translation: “You must use the weight of the shekels in the sanctuary as your stand weight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 3 47 djw5 translate-numbers 0 twenty gerahs “20 gerahs.” A gerah is a unit of weight equal to about .57 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 3 48 yj2l figs-metonymy 0 the price of redemption that you paid Here the word “price” refers to the shekels that Moses collected. Alternate translation: “the money that you collected for their redemption” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 3 49 qw8t figs-abstractnouns 0 of redemption from The noun “redemption” can be translated with the verb “redeem.” Alternate translation: “to redeem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 3 50 h971 translate-numbers 0 1,365 shekels “one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels.” A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 15 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
|
||||
NUM 3 51 u72d 0 the redemption money This refers to the money that Moses collected.
|
||||
NUM 3 51 pt1a 0 to his sons Here “his” refers to Aaron
|
||||
NUM 3 51 gh9t figs-parallelism 0 he was told to do by Yahweh’s word, as Yahweh had commanded him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 3 51 bj75 figs-activepassive 0 he was told to do by Yahweh’s word Here “Yahweh’s word” refers to Yahweh who spoke to Moses. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh had told him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 4 intro c4x5 0 # Numbers 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Counting the Levites by clans<br><br>Moses gave special instructions for each of the families of the tribes of Levi. Each family was given a special role in the ministry of the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
|
||||
NUM 4 2 png1 0 Kohath See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 3 j52n translate-numbers 0 thirty to fifty years old “30 to 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 3 xcf4 0 join the company The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting.
|
||||
NUM 4 4 y6jy figs-activepassive 0 reserved for me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have specially selected for myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 5 vu3s figs-metonymy 0 When the camp prepares Here “camp” refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate translation: “When the people prepare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 4 5 y9b2 figs-idiom 0 to move forward This refers to the people moving to another location. Alternate translation: “to move to another location” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 4 5 r6u1 0 cover the ark of the testimony with it The word “it” refers to the curtain that separated the most holy place from the holy place.
|
||||
NUM 4 6 ebg6 figs-explicit 0 insert the poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the ark so that the poles could be used to carry the ark. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert the poles into the rings on the ark’s sides” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 7 wj7f figs-explicit 0 the bread of the presence This bread represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the bread of Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 7 zvi8 0 On it they must put Here “it” refers to the blue cloth.
|
||||
NUM 4 7 lbp4 figs-explicit 0 bowls, and jars for pouring The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “bowls and jars used to pour out drink offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 7 ve2z 0 Bread must always continue to be There must always be bread”
|
||||
NUM 4 8 dai4 0 They are to spread over them Here the word “them” refers to “the dishes, spoons, bowls, and jars” (verse 7).
|
||||
NUM 4 8 yzq6 0 scarlet cloth “red cloth”
|
||||
NUM 4 8 y76r figs-explicit 0 insert poles The poles were inserted into rings on the corners of the table so that the poles could be used to carry the table. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert poles into the rings at the corners of the table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 10 h8fk 0 They must put … into a covering of fine leather “They must cover … with fine leather”
|
||||
NUM 4 10 uv7g 0 they must put it on a carrying frame “they must place all of these things on a frame for carrying them”
|
||||
NUM 4 11 tyb6 figs-explicit 0 insert the carrying poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so theys could be used to carry it. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert the carrying poles into the rings one the sides of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 12 ek74 0 the carrying frame a wooden rectangle made with poles used to carry things
|
||||
NUM 4 12 lk6l figs-abstractnouns 0 for the work in the holy place The word “work” is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb “serving.” Alternate translation: “used when serving Yahweh in the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 4 14 i795 figs-abstractnouns 0 in the work of the altar The word “work” is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb “serving.” Alternate translation: “when serving at the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 4 14 e3cf figs-explicit 0 insert the carrying poles The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so they could be used to carry it. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert the carrying poles into the rings on the sides of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 15 lah8 figs-synecdoche 0 to carry the holy place Here the holy place refers to all the items that make up the holy place that Aaron and his sons covered in cloth and skins. Alternate translation: “to carry all of the items of the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 4 15 g62y figs-metonymy 0 when the camp moves forward Here the word “camp” refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate translation: “when the people move forward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 4 15 v6kc 0 Kohath See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 15 qmf7 0 the holy instruments “the holy equipment”
|
||||
NUM 4 16 u5dz figs-metonymy 0 the oil for the light Here the word “light” is used to refer to the “lamps.” Alternate translation: “the oil for the lamps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 4 16 f9nu figs-abstractnouns 0 the care of Here the abstract noun “care” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “those who care for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 4 18 aq3k figs-activepassive 0 to be removed from among the Levites This phrase refers to the death of the Kohathites. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to do anything that will cause me to completely remove them from among the Levites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 19 tb7z 0 by doing this This phrase refers to what Yahweh says next. Moses will protect the Kohathites by not allowing them to go in and see the holy place.
|
||||
NUM 4 20 lz4b 0 Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 20 mv2t figs-parallelism 0 to his work, to his special tasks These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 4 22 q6xv figs-explicit 0 of the descendants of Gershon This refers only to men. Alternate translation: “of the male descendants of Gershon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 22 wcx9 0 Gershon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 23 cyt1 translate-numbers 0 thirty years old to fifty years old “30 years old to 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 23 scm3 0 join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 24 qxm2 0 This is the work of the clans … when they serve and what they carry This sentence is a description that tells us what the following verses are about.
|
||||
NUM 4 24 ra33 0 Gershonites This refers to the descendants of Gershon. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:21](../03/21.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 25 y3p1 figs-explicit 0 the covering of fine leather hides that is on it This is an outer covering that is placed on top of the tent of meeting’s covering. Alternate translation: “the covering of fine leather hides that is placed on top of that” or “the outer covering made of fine leather hides” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 26 f7kk figs-activepassive 0 Whatever should be done with these things This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Whatever work that these things require” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 27 n1yt 0 must direct all the service of the descendants of the Gershonites “must tell the descendants of the Gershonites how they are to serve Yahweh in the tent of meeting”
|
||||
NUM 4 28 jx5a figs-abstractnouns 0 This is the service of the clans of the descendants of the Gershonites for the tent of meeting Here the word “service” is an abstract noun that can be expressed by a verb. Here the word “This” refers to what Yahweh just said. Alternate translation: “This is how the clans of the descendants of the Gershonites will serve in the tent of meeting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 4 28 s4zh 0 Ithamar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 29 zg2e figs-explicit 0 the descendants of Merari This refers only to men. Alternate translation: “the male descendants of Merari” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 29 f12h 0 Merari See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 29 kma1 0 order them “list them”
|
||||
NUM 4 30 pv9d translate-numbers 0 thirty years old … fifty years old “30 years old…50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 30 kr6z 0 join the company and serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 31 xm2u 0 This is their responsibility “This” refers to what Yahweh says next.
|
||||
NUM 4 31 zb83 0 crossbars, posts, and sockets These are all parts of the framing of the tabernacle. See how you translated all of these parts in [Numbers 3:36-37](../03/36.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 32 zbw9 0 their sockets, pegs, and their ropes, with all their hardware Here “their” refers to the posts of the court.
|
||||
NUM 4 32 ipn4 0 sockets, pegs, and their ropes These are all parts of the framing of the tabernacle. See how you translated all of these parts in [Numbers 3:36-37](../03/36.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 32 gpe1 0 List by name the articles they must carry “List by each man’s name the articles he must carry”
|
||||
NUM 4 33 mq8e figs-abstractnouns 0 under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest The word “direction” is an abstract noun that is expressed by a verb. Alternate translation: “as Ithamar son of Aaron the priest directs them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 4 33 a955 0 Ithamar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 34 yf2u figs-explicit 0 the descendants of the Kohathites The refers to men. Alternate translation: “the male descendants of the Kohathites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 34 jm3i 0 Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 35 s6xk translate-numbers 0 thirty years old … fifty years old “30 years old…50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 35 pv9c figs-explicit 0 everyone who would join the company Here the word “would” does not mean that the men “chose” to join the company but rather that they were “assigned” to the company. Alternate translation: “everyone who was assigned to join the company” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 35 kav4 0 join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 36 w7px translate-numbers 0 2,750 men “two thousand seven hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 38 ig1e figs-explicit 0 The descendants of Gershon This refers to the men. Alternate translation: “The male descendants of Gershon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 38 ipy6 figs-activepassive 0 The descendants of Gershon were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses and Aaron counted the descendants of Gershon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 39 vg68 translate-numbers 0 from thirty to fifty years old “from 30 to 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 39 zr98 figs-explicit 0 everyone who would join the company Here the word “would” does not mean that the men “chose” to join the company but rather that they were “assigned” to the company. Alternate translation: “everyone who was assigned to join the company” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 39 tm83 0 join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 40 hqz7 figs-activepassive 0 counted by their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron counted by their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 40 sjj3 translate-numbers 0 2630 “two thousand six hundred and thirty.” This refers to 2,630 men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 4 41 h4xt 0 they obeyed The word “they” refers to Moses and Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 4 42 pq72 figs-activepassive 0 The descendants of Merari were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses and Aaron counted the descendants of Merari” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 43 s8f4 translate-numbers 0 from thirty to fifty years old “from 30 to 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 43 y483 figs-explicit 0 everyone who would join the company Here the word “would” does not mean that the men “chose” to join the company but rather that they were “assigned” to the company. Alternate translation: “everyone who was assigned to join the company” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 43 u1lq 0 join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 4 44 x7fd figs-activepassive 0 counted by their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron counted by their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 44 a51w translate-numbers 0 numbered 3,200 “numbered three thousand two hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 45 bi4d 0 they obeyed The word “they” refers to Moses and Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 4 47 vb65 figs-explicit 0 from thirty to fifty This refers to men. Alternate translation: “men from thirty to fifty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 4 47 b9ng translate-numbers 0 from thirty to fifty “from 30 to 50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 48 gmh3 translate-numbers 0 8,580 men “eight thousand five hundred and eighty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 4 49 l3zk 0 At Yahweh’s command “As Yahweh commanded”
|
||||
NUM 4 49 v91x 0 keeping count of each by the type … He counted each man by the kind of responsibility he would bear These two phrase have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize how Moses counted all the men.
|
||||
NUM 4 49 hpb1 figs-activepassive 0 by the type of work he was assigned to do This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “by his type of work assignment” or “by the type of work he had assigned each man to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 4 49 kdw6 0 he would bear “he would have”
|
||||
NUM 4 49 q8p8 0 they obeyed what Yahweh had commanded them Here “they” and “them” refer to Moses and Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 5 intro q2wy 0 # Numbers 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s camp<br><br>Israel’s entire camp was to be a “clean” place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])<br><br>### Vengeance<br>There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]])
|
||||
NUM 5 2 w9tt 0 infectious skin disease This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people.
|
||||
NUM 5 2 zu9x 0 oozing sore This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids.
|
||||
NUM 5 2 mu8x figs-metaphor 0 whoever is unclean through touching a dead body If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 5 3 zk2y figs-you 0 you must send Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 5 4 p3pt figs-explicit 0 The people of Israel did so This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 6 qj29 0 any sin such as people do to one another “any sin that people usually commit against one another”
|
||||
NUM 5 6 xq1w figs-explicit 0 is unfaithful to me If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “they have also wronged me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 7 fdj5 figs-metonymy 0 the price of his guilt Here the person’s “sin” is referred to as his “guilt.” Alternate translation: “what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 5 7 g9vq 0 add to the price one-fifth more This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes.
|
||||
NUM 5 7 uea6 translate-fraction 0 one-fifth This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
|
||||
NUM 5 8 t3ew figs-explicit 0 But if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 8 v9pc figs-activepassive 0 if the wronged person This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the person whom the guilty person has wronged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 8 g97k 0 he must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 5 8 wai4 figs-metonymy 0 to atone for himself The atonement is made for the man’s sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man’s sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: “to atone for his sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 5 9 e191 figs-activepassive 0 the things that are set aside and brought to the priest by the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of Israel set aside and bring to the priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 10 lhj2 figs-parallelism 0 The offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 5 11 abw4 figs-hypo 0 The words “Suppose that a man’s wife turns away” begin a long description of a hypothetical situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
NUM 5 12 k4g2 figs-idiom 0 a man’s wife turns away This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “a man’s wife is unfaithful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 12 q94c figs-explicit 0 sins against her husband This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sins against her husband by sleeping with another man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 13 m1gc 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 5 13 g1e7 figs-euphemism 0 If a man lies with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 5 13 zj57 0 her the woman who turns away and sins against her husband ([Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md))
|
||||
NUM 5 13 wj6d figs-explicit 0 in the act This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the act of adultery” or “sleeping with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 14 w516 figs-activepassive 0 his wife is defiled … his wife is not defiled These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife has defiled herself … his wife has not defiled herself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 14 tk8e figs-metonymy 0 a spirit of jealousy might still inform the husband Here the word “spirit” refers to a person’s attitude and emotions. His “jealously” is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him. Alternate translation: “the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 5 14 b5q4 figs-metonymy 0 a spirit of jealousy might falsely come on a man Here the word “spirit” refers to a person’s attitude and emotions. The idea of the spirit “coming on him” means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: “a man might feel jealous for no reason” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 15 n2k7 0 Connecting Statement: Moses begins to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 15 cpv6 translate-fraction 0 a tenth This is one part out of ten equal parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
|
||||
NUM 5 15 h7qc translate-bvolume 0 a tenth of an ephah This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” or “2 liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 5 15 rqv9 0 a grain offering of jealousy “a grain offering for jealousy”
|
||||
NUM 5 15 hlz4 0 a reminder of the iniquity A “reminder” is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not.
|
||||
NUM 5 16 x3rd 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 16 b35g figs-explicit 0 near and place her before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh.” The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: “near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 18 yt9w 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 18 nx25 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
NUM 5 18 pji2 0 grain offering of suspicion See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 5 19 hjz9 figs-euphemism 0 no other man has lain with you This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “no other man has had sexual relations with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 5 19 xw4y figs-idiom 0 if you have not gone astray The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “if you have not been unfaithful to your husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 19 t3qy 0 and committed impurity “by committing impurity.” This phrase refers to committing adultery.
|
||||
NUM 5 19 e97n figs-idiom 0 you will be free from this bitter water The phrase to “be free” from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate translation: “this bitter water will not harm you, though it is able to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 19 tdr3 figs-personification 0 this bitter water that can bring a curse Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: “this bitter water can be a curse to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 5 20 i4xw 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 20 ulh8 figs-idiom 0 have gone astray The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “have been unfaithful to your husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 21 p7jm figs-idiom 0 that can bring down a curse on her The phrase “bring down a curse” is an idiom meaning for a curse to come upon her. Alternate translation: “that can cause a curse to come upon her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 21 z7wf figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will make you into a curse … your people to be such Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 5 21 d46k figs-activepassive 0 that will be shown to your people to be such This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that he will show to your people as a curse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 21 qcf7 0 your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die.
|
||||
NUM 5 21 b27i figs-euphemism 0 your thigh to waste away Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. Alternate translation: “your womb to be useless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 5 23 lqe7 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 23 rp5w 0 he must wash away the written curses This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll.
|
||||
NUM 5 23 k7qn figs-activepassive 0 the written curses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the curses he has written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 24 wm1q 0 General Information: Verse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected to happen when the woman drinks the water. Verse 25 and 26 explains in detail how the priest is to do this work. The priest gives the water to the woman and she drinks it only once.
|
||||
NUM 5 24 h9gn 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 25 kuh3 0 grain offering of jealousy “a grain offering for jealousy.” See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:15](../05/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 5 26 tvx7 0 a representative offering The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 5 27 jf5e 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 27 eld4 figs-activepassive 0 if she is defiled because she has committed This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “if she has defined herself by committing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 27 dzq6 figs-explicit 0 committed a sin Here the “sin” refers specifically to committing adultery. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “committed adultery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 27 c4b4 figs-euphemism 0 Her abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) See how you translated these concepts in [Numbers 5:21](../05/21.md).
|
||||
NUM 5 27 md3y figs-activepassive 0 The woman will be cursed among her people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Her people will curse her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 28 y738 figs-activepassive 0 is not defiled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “has not defiled herself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 28 g4sp figs-metaphor 0 if she is clean Here “being innocent” is spoken of as “being clean.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 5 28 qh3a figs-explicit 0 then she must be free This could mean: (1) “then she will not be cursed” or (2) “then she is free from guilt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 5 28 ud3t 0 conceive children “become pregnant”
|
||||
NUM 5 29 r1im 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 29 l3rj 0 the law of jealousy “the law for dealing with jealousy”
|
||||
NUM 5 29 eb5l figs-idiom 0 who strays away from her husband The words “strays away” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to her husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 29 a7s5 figs-activepassive 0 is defiled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “defiles herself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 5 30 qqc6 figs-metonymy 0 a spirit of jealousy This phrase refers to the man’s attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:14](../05/14.md). Alternate translation: “who is jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 5 30 in48 figs-idiom 0 when he is jealous of his wife This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him by sleeping with another man. Alternate translation: “and suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him” or “and suspects that his wife has slept with another man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 5 30 lwf7 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
NUM 5 31 xzp4 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in [Numbers 5:12](../05/12.md) ever happens.
|
||||
NUM 5 31 by7a 0 will be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest “will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest”
|
||||
NUM 5 31 jq87 0 must bear “must endure”
|
||||
NUM 6 intro v9bp 0 # Numbers 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Nazirite vow<br>The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]])
|
||||
NUM 6 2 fuw1 figs-idiom 0 separates himself “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “dedicates himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 3 vl9v figs-idiom 0 he must keep himself from This idiom means that he must not eat or drink them. Alternate translation: “he must not consume” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 3 guv7 figs-activepassive 0 vinegar made from wine This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “vinegar that people make from wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 3 ibf8 0 vinegar a drink produced when wine and other strong drinks ferment too long and become sour
|
||||
NUM 6 3 ng8s figs-ellipsis 0 or from strong drink You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “or vinegar that people make from strong drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 6 3 us9j 0 raisins dried grapes
|
||||
NUM 6 4 ms7n figs-idiom 0 he is separate “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “he dedicates himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 4 b2wc figs-activepassive 0 he is separate to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he separates himself to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 4 up7t figs-activepassive 0 nothing that is made from grapes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing that people make from grapes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 4 clz1 figs-merism 0 from the seeds to their skins These two extremes are given to emphasize the entire grape may not be eaten. Alternate translation: “from any part of a grape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
NUM 6 5 tyv2 figs-idiom 0 vow of separation This is an idiom. Here “separation” means “dedication” Alternate translation: “vow of dedication” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 5 nb5a figs-activepassive 0 no razor is to be used on his head This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one is to use a razor on his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 5 izs6 figs-abstractnouns 0 the days of his separation to Yahweh The word “separation” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Here “separation” is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days that he has separated himself to Yahweh” or “the days that he has dedicated himself to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 5 qjl8 figs-activepassive 0 to Yahweh are fulfilled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to Yahweh are complete” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 5 mba5 figs-activepassive 0 He must be set apart to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He must set himself apart to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 6 jjz3 figs-idiom 0 separates This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 7 i1uk figs-idiom 0 separated This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 7 t4h2 figs-metaphor 0 unclean A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 6 7 u8g3 figs-activepassive 0 he is separated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he has separated himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 8 n3en figs-idiom 0 separation This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedication” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 8 d127 0 of his separation The abstract noun “separation” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has separated himself”
|
||||
NUM 6 8 d9wb figs-activepassive 0 reserved for Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he has reserved himself for Yahweh” or “set apart for Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 9 x63g figs-metonymy 0 defiles his consecrated head Here “head” represents the Nazirite man’s hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate translation: “defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God” or “he becomes defiled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 6 9 mt83 translate-ordinal 0 the seventh day “day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 6 10 i6i3 translate-ordinal 0 the eighth day “day 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 6 12 afu4 0 for the days of his consecration “during the time he is being set apart again”
|
||||
NUM 6 12 mf7y figs-explicit 0 He must bring a male lamb … as a guilt offering The man is to bring the lamb to the priest so that it can be sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He must bring a male lamb one year old to the priest as a guilt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 6 12 kt7i figs-activepassive 0 The days before he defiled himself must not be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He must not count the days before he defiled himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 12 da8t figs-activepassive 0 his consecration was defiled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he defiled himself” or “he made himself unacceptable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 13 q7eh figs-idiom 0 of his separation Here “separation” means “dedication.” Also, this abstract noun can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “of his dedication” or “that he has dedicated himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 6 13 k6an figs-activepassive 0 He must be brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone must bring him” or “He must go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 14 p848 figs-explicit 0 He must present his offering to Yahweh He must bring his offering to the priest to be sacrificed to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest to be sacrificed” or “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest who will sacrifice it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 6 15 xq3r figs-activepassive 0 bread made without yeast This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “bread he made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 15 g8hg figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 15 cg4d figs-activepassive 0 wafers without yeast rubbed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “wafers without yeast which he rubbed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 15 lyr9 0 wafers without yeast small pieces of flat bread
|
||||
NUM 6 15 msp8 figs-explicit 0 together with their grain offering and drink offerings The word “their” refers to the other offerings that the Nazirite man was told to bring. Often grain offerings and drink offerings were required to accompany other types of sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “together with the grain offering and drink offering that Yahweh required to accompany the other offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 6 16 f2x5 0 He must offer his sin offering “He” refers to the priest and “his” refers to the man who took a vow.
|
||||
NUM 6 17 ge1q 0 the fellowship offering “as the fellowship offering”
|
||||
NUM 6 17 d7zf figs-ellipsis 0 The priest must present also … drink offering You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “The priest must present also … the drink offering to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 6 18 x9jb figs-idiom 0 indicating his separation Here “separation” means “dedication.” Also, this abstract noun may be written as a verb. Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication” or “indicating how he has separated himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 6 19 h5f8 figs-activepassive 0 the boiled shoulder of the ram This means that he had boiled the ram’s shoulder. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the shoulder of the ram that he boiled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 19 ia1k figs-idiom 0 indicating separation Here “separation” means “dedication.” Also, this abstract noun can be expressed with the verb “separated.” Alternate translation: “indicating dedication” or “indicating that he has dedicated himself to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 6 20 izv4 figs-explicit 0 The priest must wave them After handing the items to the Nazirite, the priest takes them back to offer them to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the priest must take them back and wave them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 6 20 vm26 0 together with “as well as”
|
||||
NUM 6 20 nr52 figs-activepassive 0 that was waved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the priest waved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 20 bvx2 figs-activepassive 0 that was presented This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that he presented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 21 bzm4 figs-idiom 0 his separation - Here “separation” means “dedication.” Also, this abstract noun may be written as a verb. Alternate translation: “his dedication” or “for having dedicated himself to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 6 21 emt3 figs-explicit 0 Whatever else he may give This refers to the Nazirite deciding to give other offering beyond what he has been commanded to give. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “If he decides to give any additional offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 6 21 ngu2 0 he must keep the obligations of the vow he has taken “he must still obey the requirements of the vow he has taken”
|
||||
NUM 6 21 vb7m figs-parallelism 0 he must keep the obligations … to keep the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that he must obey the obligations of his vow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 6 21 w5ll figs-activepassive 0 the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the promise that the law for the Nazirite indicates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 6 23 w1h4 figs-you 0 You must bless the people of Israel “You” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 6 24 xk8d figs-you 0 May Yahweh bless you and keep you Here “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 6 24 ef59 figs-idiom 0 keep you This is an idiom. Here “keep” means to “protect.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 25 c528 figs-idiom 0 make his face shine on you This is an idiom which means to have kind intentions towards someone. It can also be expressed by smiling. Alternate translation: “smile at you” or “look at you with kindness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 25 f8fh figs-you 0 on you … to you Here “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 6 26 x48t figs-idiom 0 look on you with favor Here the phrase “look on” means to show a certain attitude towards that person. Alternate translation: “show you favor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 6 26 jh4e figs-you 0 on you … give you Here “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 6 27 y2cb figs-metaphor 0 they must give my name Here Yahweh speaks about claiming the Israelites as his own by saying that he is giving them “his name.” Alternate translation: “they must let the people of Israel know that they are mine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 7 intro tjd7 0 # Numbers 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Consecrating the altar<br><br>When the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brought an offering to consecrate the altar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]])
|
||||
NUM 7 1 pvb3 0 Moses completed the tabernacle “Moses finished setting up the tabernacle”
|
||||
NUM 7 2 uj4z figs-parallelism 0 the leaders of Israel … the heads of their ancestor’s families These two phrases describe the same group of people two different ways. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Israel who are also the heads of their ancestors families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 7 2 p163 figs-metonymy 0 the heads of their ancestor’s families Here the leaders of the families are referred to as “heads.” Alternate translation: “the leaders of their ancestor’s families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 7 2 p4mr figs-abstractnouns 0 had overseen the counting of the men The abstract noun “counting” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 7 3 el48 figs-explicit 0 They brought their offerings before Yahweh … They presented these things in front of the tabernacle This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabernacle. These phrases may be combined to add clarity. Alternate translation: “They brought their offerings to Yahweh and presented them to him in front of the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 7 3 ch2v translate-numbers 0 six covered carts and twelve oxen “6 covered carts and 12 oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 5 c3l4 0 to each one as his work needs them “to each man as he needs them for his work”
|
||||
NUM 7 7 s3f5 0 Gershon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 7 g4l6 0 because of what their work needed “because it was what they needed to do their work”
|
||||
NUM 7 8 x2mg 0 Merari See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 8 y6l9 0 in the care of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest “under the supervision of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest” or “Ithamar son of Aaron the priest oversaw their work”
|
||||
NUM 7 8 t536 0 Ithamar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 8 q5vg 0 He did this because The word “he” refers to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 7 8 u5cn 0 because of what their work required “because it was what they needed to do their work”
|
||||
NUM 7 9 c7ay 0 none of those things This refers to the carts and oxen.
|
||||
NUM 7 9 v5ey 0 Kohath See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 9 flt7 0 theirs would be the work “their work would be”
|
||||
NUM 7 9 ip7d figs-explicit 0 the things that belong to Yahweh You can make explicit the implicit meaning of what belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh reserved for the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 7 10 rb3w 0 offered their goods “offered gifts”
|
||||
NUM 7 11 lk14 0 Each leader must offer on his own day his sacrifice “Each day, one leader must offer his sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 12 wdb3 translate-ordinal 0 the first day “day 1” or “day number 1” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 12 jd7k 0 Nahshon son of Amminadab These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md)
|
||||
NUM 7 13 fr64 translate-numbers 0 weighing 130 shekels “weighing one hundred and thirty shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 13 j1gr translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 13 rk4y translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. If you are converting the weights to modern measures, here is another way to translate this phrase. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 13 ymy3 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 14 h5g8 translate-bweight 0 one gold dish that weighed ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one gold dish that weighed one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish that weighed 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 17 rsy2 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 17 qye7 0 This was the sacrifice of Nahshon son of Amminadab “This was what Nahshon son of Amminadab presented”
|
||||
NUM 7 17 q99s 0 Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 18 k818 translate-ordinal 0 the second day “day 2” or “day number 2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 18 s55k 0 Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 19 fv6a translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 19 hdb1 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 19 m81x translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 19 tdm6 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 20 e7yz translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 23 j8m1 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 23 j6wy 0 This was the sacrifice of Nethanel son of Zuar “This was what Nethanel son of Zuar presented”
|
||||
NUM 7 23 vbr4 0 Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 24 nuy5 translate-ordinal 0 the third day “day 3” or “day number 3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 24 f2sl 0 Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 25 p6jj translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 25 dxz3 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 25 jbg9 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 25 c6eu figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 26 e1hp translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 29 geb5 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 29 u9we 0 This was the sacrifice of Eliab son of Helon “This was what Eliab son of Helon gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 29 m62d 0 Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 30 g7np translate-ordinal 0 the fourth day “day 4” or “day number 4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 30 i4g9 0 Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 31 z13a translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 31 x59n translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 31 ccm9 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 31 xme1 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 32 ce94 translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 35 cv74 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 35 axj1 0 This was the sacrifice of Elizur son of Shedeur “This was what Elizur son of Shedeur gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 35 dp1x 0 Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 36 t1iw translate-ordinal 0 the fifth day “day 5” or “day number 5” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 36 vd7n 0 Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 37 l2gt translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 37 ui86 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 37 kj44 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 37 ekt1 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 38 d1vh translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 41 rc2k 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 41 p15a translate-names 0 This was the sacrifice of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai “This was what Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai gave as a sacrifice.” “Shelumiel” and “Zurishaddai” are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 7 41 xhm1 0 Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 42 uxi5 translate-ordinal 0 the sixth day “day 6” or “day number 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 42 h5ih 0 Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 43 e7hj translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 43 dv3m translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 43 ms6n translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 43 b9rg figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 44 dg5u translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 47 lw31 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 47 xa33 0 This was the sacrifice of Eliasaph son of Deuel “This was what Eliasaph son of Deuel gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 47 ypc1 0 Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 48 s1nr translate-ordinal 0 the seventh day “day 7” or “day number 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 48 v3m7 0 Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 49 kx1k translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 49 rk8e translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 49 jyg2 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 49 is9v figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 50 jad5 translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 53 xzg8 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 53 f8vp 0 This was the sacrifice of Elishama son of Ammihud “This was what Elishama son of Ammihud presented”
|
||||
NUM 7 53 e3cx 0 Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 54 n5zk translate-ordinal 0 the eighth day “day 8” or “day number 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 54 qnm9 0 Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 55 guv1 translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 55 acb7 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 55 qj3k translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 55 w1s9 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 56 m26n translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 59 y4gu 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 59 z3ed 0 This was the sacrifice of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur “This was what Gamaliel son of Pedahzur gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 59 ixg3 0 Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 60 d8hi translate-ordinal 0 the ninth day “day 9” or “day number 9” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 60 h4gl 0 Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 61 wl2g translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 61 gv7x translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 61 r94v translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 61 aq7k figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 62 c8nr translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 65 x65l 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 65 c2xx 0 This was the sacrifice of Abidan son of Gideoni “This was what Abidan son of Gideoni gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 65 m2n5 0 Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 66 dcq5 translate-ordinal 0 the tenth day “day 10” or “day number 10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 66 k329 0 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 67 mjj5 translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 67 xch4 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 67 c418 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 67 z7wh figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 68 vq1y translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 71 uk5w 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 71 p2p9 0 This was the sacrifice of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai “This was what Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 71 k6u1 0 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 72 k86c translate-ordinal 0 the eleventh day “day 11” or “day number 11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 72 sk51 0 Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 73 tj2a translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 73 jnf2 translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 73 bxh3 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 73 vra2 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 74 s3qc translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 77 h23u 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 77 ql5z translate-names 0 This was the sacrifice of Pagiel son of Okran “This was what Pagiel son of Okran gave as a sacrifice.” “Pagiel” and “Okran” were names of men. See how you translated their names in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 7 78 ki2v translate-ordinal 0 the twelfth day “day 12” or “day number 12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 7 78 ge9i 0 Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 79 hn31 translate-bweight 0 one silver platter weighing 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver platter weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “one silver platter weighing one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 79 k7zr translate-bweight 0 one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels “one silver bowl weighing 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 79 dle1 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 79 bkj8 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 80 sw79 translate-bweight 0 one gold dish weighing ten shekels If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 83 ii74 0 that were a year old “that were each one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 83 aeg9 0 This was the sacrifice of Ahira son of Enan “This was what Ahira son of Enan gave as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 7 83 k2xr 0 Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 84 r8s7 figs-idiom 0 set all these apart The phrase “set apart” means to be dedicated to a specific purpose. In this case, the offerings were dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 7 84 m93s 0 on the day that Moses anointed the altar Here the word “day” refers to a general period of time. The leaders of Israel dedicated these things over the course of 12 days. Alternate translation: “when Moses anointed the altar”
|
||||
NUM 7 85 mxb7 translate-bweight 0 Each silver platter weighed 130 shekels If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated this same weight in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “each silver platter weighed nearly one and a half kilograms” or “each silver platter weighed one kilogram and 430 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 85 f75w translate-bweight 0 each bowl weighed seventy shekels “each bowl weighted 70 shekels.” If necessary, these weight can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated this same weight in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “each bowl weighed nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “each bowl weighed 770 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 85 byk4 translate-numbers 0 2,400 shekels “two thousand four hundred shekels” or “twenty-four hundred shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 85 wul3 translate-bweight 0 by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 7 85 dg3s 0 All the silver vessels weighed “All the silver vessels together weighed”
|
||||
NUM 7 85 y3m8 0 the silver vessels This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls.
|
||||
NUM 7 86 c3sw 0 All the gold dishes weighed “All the gold dishes together weighed”
|
||||
NUM 7 86 ww9i translate-bweight 0 Each of the twelve gold dishes … weighed ten shekels “Each of the 12 gold dishes … weighed 10 shekels.” If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in [Numbers 7:14](../07/14.md). Alternate translation: “Each of the 12 gold dishes … weighed one tenth of a kilogram” or “Each of the 12 gold dishes … weighed 110 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 86 pb2y translate-numbers 0 120 shekels “one hundred and twenty shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 87 vdl4 translate-numbers 0 twelve “12.” This number may be written with a numeral instead of with a word. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 88 xp2v translate-numbers 0 twenty-four … sixty “24…60.” These numbers may be written with numerals instead of with words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 7 88 jy6x 0 a year old “that were one year old”
|
||||
NUM 7 88 uul3 figs-activepassive 0 after it was anointed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after Moses had anointed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 7 89 y6f1 figs-synecdoche 0 he heard his voice speaking to him Here “his voice” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he heard Yahweh speaking to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 7 89 jpx6 figs-parallelism 0 from above the atonement lid … from between the two cherubim These two phrases describe the same location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 7 89 e4hs 0 ark of the testimony See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:5](../04/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 7 89 cu31 0 He spoke to him “Yahweh spoke to Moses”
|
||||
NUM 8 intro v1ax 0 # Numbers 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed Yahweh’s exact instructions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
|
||||
NUM 8 2 v3fv 0 must give light in front “must shine towards the front”
|
||||
NUM 8 3 u9fj 0 to give light “to shine”
|
||||
NUM 8 4 vx9c figs-activepassive 0 The lampstand was made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They had made the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 8 4 b9jf figs-simile 0 with hammered cups like blossoms They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: “with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 8 7 wa1q 0 to purify them Here “them” refers to the Levites.
|
||||
NUM 8 7 ktl7 translate-symaction 0 Sprinkle the water of atonement on them Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate translation: “Sprinkle on their the water that symbolizes atonement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 8 7 f2sf figs-ellipsis 0 wash their clothes The Levites are supposed to wash their own clothes. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “then make them wash their clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 8 8 i32f 0 a young bull and its grain offering When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany it.
|
||||
NUM 8 8 vp6g figs-activepassive 0 of fine flour mingled with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “of fine flour that they have mingled with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 8 9 t4tc 0 assemble the whole community “gather the whole community”
|
||||
NUM 8 10 v37l 0 before Yahweh Here Yahweh refers to himself by his own name.
|
||||
NUM 8 10 w5rd translate-symaction 0 the people of Israel must lay their hands on the Levites The action “laying on hands” on someone was often done to dedicate them to Yahweh’s work or service. Alternate translation: “The people Israel must lay their hands on the Levites, dedicating them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 8 11 u7v5 figs-simile 0 as a wave offering Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh with the same amount of dedication as if they were a sacrifice given to him. Alternate translation: “if they were a wave offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 8 12 fq8n translate-symaction 0 The Levites must place their hands on the heads of the bulls This is a symbolic action that identifies the Levites with the animals being offered. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 8 13 n5r9 figs-simile 0 lift them up as a wave offering to me Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if he were lifting up an offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “dedicate them to me, as if you were lifting them up a wave offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 8 15 g1xt figs-explicit 0 You must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering Yahweh repeats these things to emphasize their importance. This must happen before the Levites go to serve at the tent of meeting. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “But first, you must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 8 15 jl1m figs-simile 0 You must offer them as a wave offering Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: “You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 8 16 fh6z figs-parallelism 0 each male child who opens the womb, the firstborn These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasize the firstborn sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 8 16 wn5h figs-idiom 0 male child who opens the womb This is an idiom. “To open the womb” means to give birth for the first time. Here this refers to the first male child to which a mother gives birth. Alternate translation: “child who is the firstborn son of his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 8 17 f6xg figs-euphemism 0 I took the lives This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate translation: “I killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 8 17 a23t 0 I set them apart Here “them” refers to “the firstborn from among the people of Israel.”
|
||||
NUM 8 18 c4ql figs-ellipsis 0 I have taken the Levites … instead of all the firstborn The idea of “taking” is understood from the first part of the sentence and can be repeated in the second. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites … instead taking all of the firstborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 8 19 s2hr figs-metaphor 0 I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and his sons Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron and his sons is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron and his sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 8 19 f88s 0 I have taken them … I have given them Here “them” refers to the Levites.
|
||||
NUM 8 19 av6b 0 when they come near Here “they” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 8 20 r3gb figs-parallelism 0 Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel … The people of Israel did this with them Here there are three parallel sentences that give the same information. It is repeated to emphasize that the people did to the Levites as Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel did with the Levites everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 8 22 xtr2 figs-abstractnouns 0 to do their service The word “service,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 8 22 f444 0 before Aaron and before Aaron’s sons “in the presence of Aaron and his sons”
|
||||
NUM 8 22 x68h 0 This was “What they did was”
|
||||
NUM 8 22 lzx3 0 They treated all the Levites in this way “They did to the Levites what Yahweh commanded.” The word “They” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 8 24 ygl7 0 All of this is for the Levites “All of these commandments are for the Levites”
|
||||
NUM 8 24 q65x translate-numbers 0 twenty-five years old “25 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 8 24 l8m6 0 must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 4:3](../04/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 8 25 hw8k translate-numbers 0 at the age of fifty years “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 9 intro p8ra 0 # Numbers 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Passover ==<br><br>This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])
|
||||
NUM 9 1 zi29 translate-ordinal 0 in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 9 1 w91f translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 9 1 ku29 figs-idiom 0 after they came out from the land of Egypt Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 2 c6gr figs-explicit 0 Let the people … at its fixed time of year The word “fixed” means “previously set.” This means that this is when the observe it every year. Alternate translation: “Let the people … at the time of year they currently observe it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 3 vk82 figs-explicit 0 On the fourteenth day … at its fixed time of year This is the set time of year that they celebrate the Passover. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “On the fourteenth day … and observe it, for this is the time you do celebrate it every year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 3 an5n translate-ordinal 0 the fourteenth day “day 14” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 9 3 bb9q figs-parallelism 0 follow all the regulations, and obey all the decrees These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that they needed to obey the commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 9 3 p35m figs-idiom 0 You must keep it Here the phrase “keep it” is an idiom which means to observe it. Alternate translation: “You must observe it” or “You must celebrate it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 4 zr42 figs-idiom 0 keep the Festival of the Passover Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Festival of the Passover” or “celebrate the Festival of the Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 5 q5mv translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month “on day 14 of the first month.” This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 9 6 n99k figs-explicit 0 became unclean by the body of a dead man This implies that they touched the dead man, which made them unclean. You can make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “became unclean because they touched the body of a dead man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 6 fh1w figs-metaphor 0 unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 9 6 uhc8 figs-idiom 0 keep the Passover Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 7 g6ut figs-explicit 0 because of the dead body of a man This means that they had touched a dead man’s body. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “because we have touched the body of a dead man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 7 uun2 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you keep us from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel? The men ask this question in order to complain that they are not allowed to participate in celebrating the Passover. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not fair that you keep us away from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 9 7 w1xe 0 fixed set or predetermined
|
||||
NUM 9 10 t4tm figs-metaphor 0 unclean A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 9 10 z9zw figs-explicit 0 because of a dead body This refers to someone touching a dead body. Alternate translation: “because you have touched a dead body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 10 r2yt figs-idiom 0 keep the Passover Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 11 y3qa figs-idiom 0 eat the Passover Here the word “eat” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 11 s5xb translate-hebrewmonths 0 the second month on the fourteenth day “day 14 of month 2.” This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 9 11 mks7 0 at evening “at sunset”
|
||||
NUM 9 11 jjy6 0 with bread that is made without yeast “with bread that contains no yeast”
|
||||
NUM 9 11 p8in 0 bitter herbs These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.
|
||||
NUM 9 12 p3rh 0 or break any of its bones “and they must not break any of its bones”
|
||||
NUM 9 13 w4fs figs-metaphor 0 any person who is clean A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 9 13 we52 figs-idiom 0 keep the Passover Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 13 vx69 figs-metaphor 0 that person must be cut off Here the phrase “cut off” means to be disowned and sent away. Alternate translation: “that person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 9 13 n841 0 fixed set or predetermined
|
||||
NUM 9 13 j8p3 figs-metaphor 0 That man must carry his sin Here the concept of the man having to bear the consequences of his sin is spoken of as if his sin were a heavy object that he had to carry. Alternate translation: “That man must bear the punishment for his sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 9 14 ln14 figs-you 0 lives among you Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 9 14 t2rf figs-parallelism 0 he must keep it according to the statute of the Passover and according to its rule “that stranger must keep it and do all that Yahweh has commanded concerning the Passover.” The words “statute” and “rule” mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that the stranger must obey all of the rules about the Passover. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 9 14 bz6x 0 in the land “in the land of Israel”
|
||||
NUM 9 15 yg8g figs-activepassive 0 the tabernacle was set up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Levites set up the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 9 15 b1a2 0 the tent of the covenant decrees This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated the phrase “the tabernacle of the covenant decrees” in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md).
|
||||
NUM 9 15 z3jd figs-simile 0 It appeared like fire until morning This refers to the cloud’s appearance during the night. Here the cloud is compared to looking like a fire. Alternate translation: “During the night the cloud looked like a huge fire until morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 9 16 xiu9 figs-explicit 0 It continued that way It may be helpful to explain that this refers to the cloud being over the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “The cloud remained this way over the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 16 e3lc figs-simile 0 appeared like fire at night The cloud’s appearance is compared to a huge fire. Alternate translation: “it looked like a huge fire at night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 9 17 s8ak figs-activepassive 0 the cloud was taken up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “moved” or “Yahweh took up the cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 9 17 tp1c 0 the cloud stopped “the cloud stopped moving”
|
||||
NUM 9 18 zmr7 figs-abstractnouns 0 At Yahweh’s command The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 9 20 ech9 0 on the tabernacle “over the tabernacle”
|
||||
NUM 9 20 jqu8 figs-idiom 0 make camp Here the word “make” means to “set up.” Alternate translation: “set up their camp” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 9 21 a7ug figs-explicit 0 from evening until morning This means that the cloud only stayed over the tabernacle for one night. You make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “only from evening until morning” or “over the tabernacle for only one night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 21 ynz2 figs-explicit 0 If it continued The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. “If the cloud stayed over the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 9 21 zn66 0 only when the cloud lifted would they journey on “then after the cloud moved they would travel”
|
||||
NUM 9 22 y7i4 figs-activepassive 0 the cloud was taken up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh took up the cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 9 23 acm7 figs-abstractnouns 0 at Yahweh’s command The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 9 23 h49s figs-activepassive 0 Yahweh’s command given through Moses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the command that Yahweh had given through Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 10 intro vix6 0 # Numbers 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Trumpets<br>In the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle.<br><br>### Israel starts to move<br><br>Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
|
||||
NUM 10 2 a5wu figs-metonymy 0 Make two silver trumpets This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate translation: “Tell someone to make two silver trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 10 2 a3nl figs-metonymy 0 You must use the trumpets Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 10 3 k8w4 0 in front of you “while you are present.” This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets.
|
||||
NUM 10 4 c73m figs-parallelism 0 the leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: “the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 10 5 vt88 figs-you 0 When you blow a loud signal Here the word “you” is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests. The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “When they blow a loud signal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 10 6 m9ab figs-you 0 When you blow a loud signal Here the word “you” is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he is referring to the priests. The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “When they blow a loud signal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 10 6 hik8 translate-ordinal 0 the second time “time number 2” or “again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 10 6 bv3w 0 They must blow a loud signal for their journeys “They” refers to the priests and the word “their” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 10 7 cga9 0 When the community gathers together “To gather the community together”
|
||||
NUM 10 8 ias7 figs-you 0 be a regulation for you “be a rule for you.” Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 10 9 em5l figs-synecdoche 0 When you go to war … oppresses you Yahweh is speaking to Moses and uses the word “you,” but he is actually referring the people of Israel going to war. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel to war … oppresses Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 10 9 mze9 figs-metonymy 0 then you must sound an alarm with the trumpets Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you” but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 10 9 unu5 figs-idiom 0 call you to mind This phrase “call to mind” means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 10 10 k3j1 figs-abstractnouns 0 of celebration The noun “celebration” can be expressed with the verb “celebrate.” Alternate translation: “when you celebrate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 10 10 elw2 figs-metonymy 0 you must blow the trumpets Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you,” but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “you must command the priests to blow the trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]),
|
||||
NUM 10 10 cu9l translate-hebrewmonths 0 at the beginnings of the months There are 12 months on the Hebrew calendar. The beginning phase of the moon with its sliver of light marked the beginning of each month in the lunar calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
NUM 10 10 d7nd figs-you 0 your burnt offerings … your fellowship offerings … you to me In these phrases the words “your” and “you” are plural and refer to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 10 10 fs2w 0 over the sacrifices “in honor of the sacrifices”
|
||||
NUM 10 10 ii25 figs-abstractnouns 0 will act as a reminder of you to me “will act as a memorial for you of me.” The word “reminder” can be expressed with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “will always remind you of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 10 10 da3q 0 These will act The word “these” refers to the trumpets and the sacrifices.
|
||||
NUM 10 11 g9q8 translate-ordinal 0 In the second year “In year 2.” This refers to the second year after Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 10 11 etr3 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the second month, on the twentieth day of the month “on day 20 of month 2.” This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 10 11 be2g figs-activepassive 0 the cloud was lifted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh lifted the cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 10 11 gt38 0 the tabernacle of the covenant decrees The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 1:50](../01/50.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 13 qmj1 figs-activepassive 0 Yahweh’s command given through Moses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the commands that Yahweh had given through Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 10 14 x7lp 0 The camp under the banner of Judah’s descendants This camp includes the three tribes under the division of Judah: Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
|
||||
NUM 10 14 pjd4 translate-ordinal 0 went out first They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 10 14 dc5v 0 Nahshon son of Amminadab See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:7](../01/07.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 15 w1an 0 Nethanel son of Zuar See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 16 d9ka 0 Eliab son of Helon See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:9](../01/09.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 17 drx6 0 Gershon … Merari See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 18 fj8y 0 the armies under the banner of Reuben’s camp This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Reuben: Reuben, Simeon, and Gad.
|
||||
NUM 10 18 tn9f 0 Elizur son of Shedeur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:5](../01/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 19 yx6m 0 Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai See how you translated this man’s name [Numbers 1:6](../01/06.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 20 r29y 0 Eliasaph son of Deuel See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:14](../01/14.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 21 n1gg 0 Kohathites This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in [Numbers 3:27](../03/27.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 22 q3rx 0 The armies under the banner of Ephraim’s descendants This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Ephraim: Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin.
|
||||
NUM 10 22 rfy7 0 Elishama son of Ammihud See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 23 g3jn 0 Gamaliel son of Pedahzur See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:10](../01/10.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 24 f97k 0 Abidan son of Gideoni See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:11](../01/11.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 25 m8a2 0 The armies that camped under the banner of Dan’s descendants This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Dan: Dan, Asher, and Naphtali.
|
||||
NUM 10 25 bi6d 0 Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:12](../01/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 26 c4yp 0 Pagiel son of Okran See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 27 g3gk 0 Ahira son of Enan See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 1:15](../01/15.md).
|
||||
NUM 10 29 eup1 translate-names 0 Hobab son of Reuel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 10 29 ggx5 0 that Yahweh described “that Yahweh described to us”
|
||||
NUM 10 29 w51l 0 we will do you good “we will treat you well”
|
||||
NUM 10 31 pn47 figs-idiom 0 You must watch out for us The phrase “watch out” means to guide and to take care of. Alternate translation: “You can guide us and show us how to live in the desert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 10 33 q53a 0 They journeyed “They” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 10 33 hp2q figs-explicit 0 the mountain of Yahweh This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, the mountain of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 10 33 ilz3 figs-personification 0 The ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them The group of Levites carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people of Israel as the traveled. Alternate translation: “Men carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh before them as they traveled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 10 34 r4vx 0 by daylight “every day” or “during the day”
|
||||
NUM 10 35 rz81 figs-personification 0 Whenever the ark set out Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark set out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 10 35 hqm2 figs-metaphor 0 Rise up, Yahweh Here the phrase “rise up” is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is asking him to scatter their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 10 35 n947 figs-metaphor 0 Make those who hate you run from you Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 10 36 a1np figs-personification 0 Whenever the ark stopped Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark stopped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 10 36 s46d figs-explicit 0 many tens of thousands This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “many tens of thousands of people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 11 intro t7jv 0 # Numbers 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Complaining<br>Moses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seventy men the spirit of prophecy to help Moses. The people complained about food, even though Yahweh was miraculously providing them with their food. The people complained because they did not have meat or fish to eat. God sent them quail. He punished some of the people, but it does not say why God did this. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
NUM 11 1 y6b3 0 Fire from Yahweh burned “Yahweh sent fire that burned”
|
||||
NUM 11 3 n5ye figs-activepassive 0 That place was named This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 11 4 tfn7 figs-rquestion 0 Who will give us meat to eat? The Israelites ask this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 6 s5bq 0 our appetite is gone “we do not want to eat” or “we cannot eat”
|
||||
NUM 11 7 wpg9 0 coriander seed Coriander is also known as cilantro. This seed serves as a spice when dried.
|
||||
NUM 11 7 y9r3 0 resin This is a sticky substance with a pale yellow color.
|
||||
NUM 11 10 uu2r figs-metaphor 0 in Moses’ eyes he eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in Moses’ opinion” or “in Moses’ judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 11 zm5k figs-rquestion 0 General Information: Moses complains to Yahweh using several rhetorical questions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 11 qg3b figs-rquestion 0 Why have you treated your servant so badly? Why are you not pleased with me? Moses used these questions to complain about the way God was treating him. They can be expressed as statements. Moses speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “You should not treat me, your servant, so badly. You should not be angry with me!” or “I, your servant, have done nothing wrong for you to treat me so badly!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
NUM 11 11 jll4 figs-metaphor 0 You make me carry the load of all these people Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: “You make me responsible for all these people, but it’s too hard for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 12 hah2 figs-rquestion 0 Did I conceive all these people? Moses used this question to remind God that Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I am not the father of all these people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 12 iw91 figs-rquestion 0 Have I given them birth so that you should say to me, ‘Carry … baby?’ Moses wants God to remember that God told him to take care of the Israelites even though Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I have not given them birth, so you have no right to say to me, ‘Carry … baby’!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 12 p2qz figs-metaphor 0 Carry them closely to your chest To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless newborn baby. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 12 b2i5 figs-rquestion 0 Should I carry them … to give them? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not expect me to carry them … to give them!” or “I am not able to carry them … to give them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 13 pr1g figs-rquestion 0 Where can I find meat to give to all this people? Moses used this question to complain that it was impossible for him to give meat to all the people. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly find enough meat to give to all these people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 14 is35 figs-metaphor 0 I cannot bear all these people alone Moses speaks of leading and providing for the people as if he were carrying them. Alternate translation: “I cannot provide for all these people alone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 14 x4d7 figs-idiom 0 They are too much for me This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “This responsibility is too difficult for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 11 17 tp3h figs-metonymy 0 some of the Spirit that is on you The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit has given you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 11 17 dz3z figs-metaphor 0 They will bear the burden of the people with you God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “They will help you care for the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 17 qll3 figs-metaphor 0 You will not have to bear it alone God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “You will not care for them alone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 18 l15u 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 11 18 mc86 figs-rquestion 0 Who will give us meat to eat? The Israelites had asked this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 20 mhi2 figs-metaphor 0 until it comes out of your nostrils This could mean: (1) God speaks of vomiting as if the food would come out through their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until you are sick and vomit” or (2) they would eat so much meat that it would be as if it would come out of their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until it feels like it would have to come out of your nostrils” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 20 r2iy figs-rquestion 0 Why did we leave Egypt? The people had used this question to express regret and to complain. Alternate translation: “We never should have left Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 21 sej6 translate-numbers 0 600,000 people “six hundred thousand people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 11 22 tbn5 figs-rquestion 0 Should we kill flocks and herds to satisfy them? Should we catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them? Moses uses these questions to express his doubt that there could be enough meat to feed all of the people. Alternate translation: “We would have to kill entire flocks and herds and catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 22 xap3 figs-doublet 0 flocks and herds These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize a great number of animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 11 22 c3w9 figs-hyperbole 0 all the fish in the sea The word “all” is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food for all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
NUM 11 22 u4s6 0 to satisfy them “to satisfy their hunger”
|
||||
NUM 11 23 ky75 figs-metonymy 0 Is my hand short? Here the word “hand” represents God’s power. God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate translation: “Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?” or “You should know I am more than strong enough to do this.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 24 qz74 0 Yahweh’s words “what Yahweh had said”
|
||||
NUM 11 25 c9s5 figs-metonymy 0 some of the Spirit that was on Moses The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](../11/17.md). Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 11 25 g325 figs-metaphor 0 put it on the seventy elders Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](../11/17.md). Alternate translation: “gave it to the seventy elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 25 i7yn figs-metaphor 0 When the Spirit rested on them Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “When they had power from the Spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 26 dn97 figs-metaphor 0 The Spirit also rested on them The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “The Spirit also gave them power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 26 b766 figs-activepassive 0 Their names were written on the list This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had written their names on the list” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 11 28 p5f7 0 stop them “tell them to stop prophesying”
|
||||
NUM 11 29 x4na figs-rquestion 0 Are you jealous for my sake? Moses uses this question to rebuke Joshua. It can be translated as a statement, if necessary. Alternate translation: “You should not be jealous for my sake.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 11 29 sl5x figs-explicit 0 Are you jealous for my sake? What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “Are you concerned that they might be taking away something that belongs to me?” or “Are you concerned that people will not respect my authority?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 11 29 nm1s figs-metaphor 0 that he would put his Spirit on them all Moses speaks of God’s Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: “that God’s Spirit would give them all power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 11 31 esv9 translate-unknown 0 quail a small bird (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
NUM 11 31 k1e2 0 about a day’s journey on one side and a day’s journey on the other side “in each direction for as far as a person could walk in one day”
|
||||
NUM 11 31 w6al translate-bdistance 0 about two cubits A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 92 centimeters” or “about 1 meter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 11 32 t6d9 figs-doublenegatives 0 No one gathered less than ten homers of quail This is a double negative which can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Everyone gathered at least ten homers of quail” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
NUM 11 32 r8bg translate-bvolume 0 ten homers A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: “2,200 liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 11 33 zs3j figs-parallelism 0 While the meat was still between their teeth, while they were chewing it These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that God punished them immediately, even while they were eating the meat. Alternate translation: “While they were still eating the meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 11 34 xkj8 figs-activepassive 0 That place was named Kibroth Hattaavah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 11 35 j14n translate-names 0 Hazeroth This is the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 12 intro qam4 0 # Numbers 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:6-8.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br><br>God used the idiom “mouth to mouth” meaning “speaking directly with both people present.” This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
NUM 12 2 h4pv figs-rquestion 0 Has Yahweh spoken only with Moses? Has he not spoken also with us? Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authority and they did not. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has not spoken only with Moses. He has also spoken with us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 12 2 aac3 0 Now Yahweh heard The word “Now” hear draws attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
NUM 12 3 v4cp writing-background 0 Now the man Moses “Now” is used to mark a break in the main story line. The narrator tells background information about Moses’ character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
NUM 12 5 nrn9 figs-metaphor 0 a pillar of cloud The shape of the cloud is spoken of as if it were a pillar. Alternate translation: “a cloud shaped like a pillar” or “a tall cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 12 7 q7sy 0 My servant Moses is not like that “I do not speak to Moses like that”
|
||||
NUM 12 7 m3bf figs-metonymy 0 He is faithful in all my house Here “my house” represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God’s house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses leads my people faithfully” or “Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 12 8 n7dr figs-rquestion 0 So why are you unafraid to speak against my servant, against Moses? Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Miriam and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be afraid to speak against my servant, against Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 12 8 f9rh figs-parallelism 0 against my servant, against Moses The phrase “against Moses” clarifies that he is the “servant” of whom Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: “against my servant, Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 12 9 b7b8 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh’s anger burned against them Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 12 10 e5f3 figs-simile 0 was as white as snow Leprosy turned Miriam’s skin white. Alternate translation: “became very white” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 12 11 e1yt figs-metonymy 0 do not hold this sin against us To hold people’s sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 12 12 ml35 figs-simile 0 Please do not let her be like a dead newborn whose flesh is half consumed Miriam’s leprosy would cause her body to decay until she died. The flesh being decayed is spoken of as if it were eaten. Alternate translation: “Please do not let her be like a dead newborn baby whose flesh is half decayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 12 13 tf8r 0 Please heal her, God, please Here “please” is repeated for emphasis.
|
||||
NUM 12 14 f2gq figs-hypo 0 If her father had spit in her face This describes something that could have happened but did not. Spitting in someone’s face was a terrible insult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 12 15 dk19 figs-metaphor 0 Miriam was shut outside the camp Being sent out of the camp and not being allowed to go back in is spoken of as if there were a door that was closed behind her. Alternate translation: “Miriam was sent outside the camp” or “Miriam was kept outside the camp” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 12 15 ww7l figs-activepassive 0 Miriam was shut outside the camp This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses shut Miriam outside the camp” or “Moses sent Miriam outside the camp” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 12 16 w7ur 0 Hazeroth This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in [Numbers 11:35](../11/35.md).
|
||||
NUM 13 intro a1bi 0 # Numbers 13 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spies<br><br>Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
NUM 13 2 mg6w figs-pastforfuture 0 which I have given God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, but they had not yet moved into it. Alternate translation: “which I have decided to give” or “which I will soon give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
NUM 13 2 t5e2 0 Each man must be a leader among them “Each man whom you send must be a leader among his tribe”
|
||||
NUM 13 4 l3bh translate-names 0 Shammua son of Zaccur These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 5 eby6 translate-names 0 Shaphat … Hori These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 6 c885 translate-names 0 Jephunneh A man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 7 tja2 translate-names 0 Igal A man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 8 yw3k translate-names 0 Nun A man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 9 l162 translate-names 0 Palti … Raphu These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 10 sbw9 translate-names 0 Gaddiel … Sodi These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 11 n7ll translate-names 0 Gaddi … Susi These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 11 f5if figs-explicit 0 from the tribe of Joseph (that is to say, from the tribe Manasseh) The relationship between Joseph and Manasseh can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Joseph’s son Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 13 12 hpf5 translate-names 0 Ammiel … Gemalli These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 13 x1fn translate-names 0 Sethur … Michael These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 14 m5ue translate-names 0 Nahbi … Vophsi These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 15 f4tz translate-names 0 Geuel … Maki These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 16 bb3l 0 Hoshea son of Nun See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 13:8](../13/08.md).
|
||||
NUM 13 19 kv19 figs-rquestion 0 Is it good or bad? What cities are there? Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities? Moses asks these questions to explain the kind of information that the men were to report back to him. These can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “See if the land is good or bad, what kind of cities are there, and whether those cities are only camps, or whether they have defensive walls around them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 13 19 x34f 0 Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls.
|
||||
NUM 13 21 t6ca translate-names 0 Zin … Rehob These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 21 ubr4 translate-transliterate 0 the wilderness of Zin The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
|
||||
NUM 13 22 f2ju translate-names 0 Zoan This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 22 vki3 figs-activepassive 0 Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan in Egypt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Canaanites had built Hebron 7 years before the Egyptians built Zoan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 13 22 z3rn translate-names 0 Ahiman … Sheshai … Talmai These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 22 i3ei translate-names 0 Anak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 23 hg6e translate-names 0 Eshkol This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 23 th6k 0 between two of their group “between two men of their group”
|
||||
NUM 13 24 rxd9 figs-activepassive 0 That place was named This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 13 25 ky7r translate-numbers 0 After forty days “After 40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 13 26 kr4l figs-metonymy 0 They brought back word Here “word” refers to a report. Alternate translation: “They brought back their report” or “They reported what they had seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 13 27 id7v figs-metaphor 0 It certainly flows with milk and honey “Milk and honey certainly flow there.” They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “It is certainly excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “It is certainly very fertile land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 13 27 q2as figs-metonymy 0 milk Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 13 27 qn6h figs-metonymy 0 honey Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 13 32 du7c 0 they spread around … They said Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land except for Caleb and Joshua.
|
||||
NUM 13 32 e74q 0 the land that they had examined Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and Joshua.
|
||||
NUM 13 32 i1fs figs-metaphor 0 a land that eats up its inhabitants The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: “a very dangerous land” or “a land where the people will kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 13 33 zz8m translate-names 0 Anak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 13 33 ckl6 figs-metaphor 0 In our own sight … in their sight Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: “In our own opinion … in their opinion” or “In our own judgement … in their judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 13 33 s8xm figs-simile 0 we were like grasshoppers in comparison with them The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 14 intro paw9 0 # Numbers 14 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the people’s lack of faith. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
|
||||
NUM 14 3 r8f9 figs-rquestion 0 Why did Yahweh bring us to this land to die by the sword? The people use this question in order to complain and accuse Yahweh of treating them unfairly. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh should not have brought us to this land only to die by the sword.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 14 3 c2ap figs-metonymy 0 to die by the sword Here “the sword” represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate translation: “to die when people attack us with swords” or “to die in battle” or (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 3 y89n figs-rquestion 0 Is it not better for us to return to Egypt? The people use this question to encourage people to agree with them that it would be better to return to Egypt. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be better for us to return to Egypt than to try to conquer Canaan.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 14 4 t6qp 0 They said to each another This refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 14 5 f4j7 translate-symaction 0 lay facedown “lay down with their faces touching the ground.” Moses and Aaron did this to show that they were humbling themselves before God. They feared that God might punish the people for rebelling against him. Alternate translation: “lay facedown in humility to God” or “lay facedown to pray to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 14 6 p2vs translate-names 0 Nun … Jephunneh These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 14 6 d9ig figs-activepassive 0 who were some of those sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who were some of those whom Moses sent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 6 s58b translate-symaction 0 tore their clothes Tearing one’s clothes was a gesture indicating the person is very troubled and is mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 14 8 nc38 figs-metaphor 0 The land flows with milk and honey They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants flowed through it. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:27](../13/27.md). Alternate translation: “It is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “It is very fertile land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 9 qgd7 0 Connecting Statement: Joshua and Caleb continue speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 14 9 yk5g figs-metaphor 0 for they are bread to us Joshua and Caleb speak of destroying their enemies as easily as if they were eating bread. Alternate translation: “We will destroy them as easily as we can eat food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 14 9 en4q figs-activepassive 0 Their protection will be removed from them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will remove their protection from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 9 z1a2 figs-abstractnouns 0 Their protection The abstract noun “protection” can be stated as “protect.” Alternate translation: “Anyone that might protect them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 14 11 g9t8 figs-rquestion 0 How long must this people despise me? How long must they fail to trust me, despite all the signs … them? Yahweh uses these questions to show that he was angry and had lost patience with the people. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “This people has despised me for too long. They have failed to trust me for too long, despite all the signs … them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 14 12 fg73 0 disinherit them “reject them from being my people.” This may imply that he would destroy them, and some versions translate it that way.
|
||||
NUM 14 12 i52q figs-you 0 make from your own clan Here “your” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 14 14 ugy1 figs-metaphor 0 you are seen face to face This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: “they have seen you” or (2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see God’s face when God spoke to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you speak directly to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 15 py5f figs-metaphor 0 as one man Killing them all at the same time is spoken of as killing them as one person. Alternate translation: “all at one time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 18 rp6d figs-abstractnouns 0 abundant in covenant faithfulness The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always faithfully loves his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 14 18 gp2r figs-metaphor 0 He will by no means clear the guilty “he will certainly not clear guilty people.” Clearing away people’s sin is a metaphor for refusing to punish them. God would not clear away the sin of guilty people. Alternate translation: “He will always punish the guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 18 z9da figs-metaphor 0 when he brings the punishment of the ancestors’ sin on their descendants Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that could be brought and put on people. Alternate translation: “when he punishes the guilty people’s descendants for the guilty people’s sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 21 ft8l figs-activepassive 0 all the earth will be filled with my glory This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my glory will fill all the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 22 nu5r 0 they have still tempted me “they have continued to test me”
|
||||
NUM 14 22 ksb4 figs-idiom 0 these ten times Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: “too many times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 14 22 hz59 figs-metonymy 0 have not listened to my voice Here “listened” represents obedience, and God’s voice represents what he said. Alternate translation: “have not obeyed what I have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 23 jnd2 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 14 24 n5dj figs-metonymy 0 because he had another spirit Here “spirit” represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because he had a different attitude” or “because he was willing to obey God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 14 27 tw5b figs-rquestion 0 How long must I tolerate this evil community that criticizes me? Yahweh asks this question because he has lost patience with the people. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have tolerated this evil community who has criticized me long enough.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 14 27 xx71 figs-abstractnouns 0 I have heard the complaining of the people of Israel The word “complaining,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “I have heard the people of Israel complain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 14 28 l1fy 0 as you have spoken in my hearing “as I have heard you say”
|
||||
NUM 14 29 w3wa figs-metonymy 0 Your dead bodies will fall Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “You will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 29 eyl2 figs-activepassive 0 you who were counted in the census This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you whom Moses counted in the census” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 29 me6z 0 from twenty years old and upward “twenty years old and older”
|
||||
NUM 14 32 aj16 figs-metonymy 0 your dead bodies will fall Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “you will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 33 kz3x 0 Your children will be shepherds in the wilderness Some modern versions choose to translate, “Your children will wander in the wilderness.” This is because in ancient times, shepherds usually wandered from place to place so their flocks and herds could find pasture.
|
||||
NUM 14 33 qfw3 0 They must bear the consequences of your acts “They must suffer the consequences of your acts” or “They must suffer because of your acts”
|
||||
NUM 14 33 np7a figs-metonymy 0 until the end of your corpses A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate translation: “until the last one of you dies” or “until all of you die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 34 b4f1 0 bear the consequences of your sins “suffer the consequences of your sins” or “suffer because of your sins”
|
||||
NUM 14 35 ymw2 figs-explicit 0 They will be completely cut off This probably means that they will no longer exist. Alternate translation: “they will come to an end” or “they will all be destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 14 37 s3ps figs-explicit 0 these men who had brought out a bad report about the land were struck down, and they died of a plague before Yahweh The phrase “plague before Yahweh” shows that Yahweh struck them down. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh struck down these men who had brought out a bad report about the land, and they died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 14 40 a9pc 0 Look, we are here They use these words to emphasize that they have changed their minds and now want to do what they should have done the day before. Your language may have a different way of showing this.
|
||||
NUM 14 41 ey92 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you now violating Yahweh’s command? Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be violating Yahweh’s command again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 14 42 e9xw figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh is not with you Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not help you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 42 h2kl figs-activepassive 0 to prevent you from being defeated by your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to prevent your enemies from defeating you” or “to give you victory over your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 14 43 vu71 figs-metonymy 0 you will die by the sword Here “the sword” refers to battle. Alternate translation: “you will die in battle” or “they will kill you when you fight against them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 14 43 wp6t figs-metaphor 0 you turned back from following Yahweh Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: “you stopped obeying Yahweh” or “you have decided not to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 43 qj3c figs-metaphor 0 he will not be with you Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “he will not help you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 14 44 dy4m 0 they presumed to go up into the hill country “they dared to go up into the hill country even though God did not approve”
|
||||
NUM 14 44 c73c 0 into the hill country Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan.
|
||||
NUM 15 intro s9dr 0 # Numbers 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Purifying the people<br>As the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Prostitution<br><br>The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 15 1 kit4 0 General Information: Numbers 15:1-32 tells what God told Moses to tell the people of Israel.
|
||||
NUM 15 3 w63b figs-metaphor 0 to produce a pleasing aroma for Yahweh from the herd or the flock “to produce from the herd or flock a smell that pleases Yahweh.” The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning a sacrifice from the herd or the flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 4 x238 0 a burnt offering This refers to the offerings spoken of in [Numbers 15:3](../15/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 15 4 yb2v translate-bvolume 0 a tenth of an ephah An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 2 liters” or “two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 4 tf7w translate-bvolume 0 one-fourth of a hin A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 1 liter” or “one liter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 6 c6bq translate-bvolume 0 two-tenths of an ephah An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “4 liters” or “four and a half liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 6 n7vu translate-bvolume 0 a third of a hin A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “one liter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 7 pp6e figs-metaphor 0 It will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh “It will produce a smell that pleases Yahweh.” The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “You will please Yahweh by offering it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 9 tu6y translate-bvolume 0 three-tenths of an ephah You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six and one half liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 9 r51w translate-bvolume 0 half a hin You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: “two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 15 10 l51m figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you burn on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 10 h4r6 figs-metaphor 0 to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh “to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh.” The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 11 f88g figs-activepassive 0 It must be done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must do it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 12 a9x6 figs-activepassive 0 must be done as described This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must do as I have described” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 13 p4pt figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that they burn on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 13 ziu6 figs-metaphor 0 to produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh “to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh.” Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 14 l1di figs-activepassive 0 he must make an offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he must burn an offering on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 14 b1ia figs-metaphor 0 to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh “to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh.” The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 15 wi5k 0 As you are, so also must be the traveler This could mean: (1) “You and the traveler staying with you are alike before Yahweh” or (2) “The same law applies to both you and the traveler”
|
||||
NUM 15 15 l678 figs-explicit 0 He must act as you act before Yahweh “He must act as you act in Yahweh’s presence.” Because it says that they must act as the Israelites in Yahweh’s presence, it is implied that they must obey all of Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “he must act as you act and obey all of Yahweh’s commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 15 19 w5ic figs-activepassive 0 the food produced in the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the food that the land produces” or “the food that you produce in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 20 yt5q figs-metonymy 0 the first of your dough This could mean: (1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or (2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 15 20 i3c9 0 a loaf Calling it a loaf implies that they would cooked the dough first.
|
||||
NUM 15 20 huf4 figs-idiom 0 to raise it up as a raised offering This idiom “raise it up” refers to offering it as a gift. Alternate translation: “to offer it as a gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 15 20 hum8 0 a raised offering from the threshing floor The offering is spoken of as being from the threshing floor because this is where they would separate the grain from the other parts of the plant.
|
||||
NUM 15 22 pp7r 0 General Information: The word “you” here refers to Israelite people.
|
||||
NUM 15 22 xs3r 0 Connecting Statement: God continues telling Moses what he must tell the people.
|
||||
NUM 15 24 mua7 figs-metaphor 0 to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh “to produce a smell that pleases Yahweh.” The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshipers who offer the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 24 l26t figs-activepassive 0 must be made a grain offering and drink offering This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must make a grain offering and drink offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 24 w7mx figs-activepassive 0 as commanded by the decree This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as the decree commands” or “as I commanded when I made the decree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 25 xii5 figs-activepassive 0 They will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will forgive them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 25 gs8c figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that they made by fire” or “that they burned on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 26 scd4 figs-activepassive 0 all the community of the people of Israel will be forgiven This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will forgive all the community of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 27 de37 0 a female goat a year old “a 1-year-old female goat”
|
||||
NUM 15 28 xn5j figs-activepassive 0 That person will be forgiven when atonement has been made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will forgive that person when the priest has made atonement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 30 i7a8 figs-metaphor 0 That person must be cut off from among his people The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “his people must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “his people must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 31 jjv8 figs-metonymy 0 has broken my commandment Not obeying a commandment is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: “has disobeyed my commandment” or “has not obeyed what I commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 15 31 d6w9 figs-metonymy 0 His sin will be on him Here, **sin** could mean: (1) punishment for that sin or (2) guilt of that sin. Sin being on him is a metaphor that could mean: (1) being punished or (2) being guilty. Alternate translation: (1) “I will punish him because of his sin” or (2) “I will consider him guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 15 34 rs36 figs-activepassive 0 it had not been declared what should be done with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 35 hw5x figs-activepassive 0 The man must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must surely put the man to death” or “The man must surely die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 15 38 k8rm 0 the descendants of Israel “the people of Israel”
|
||||
NUM 15 39 hl7a 0 to carry them out “to obey them”
|
||||
NUM 15 39 gwl3 figs-metaphor 0 so that you do not look to your own heart and your own eyes “Look to” here is a metaphor for think about. The heart represents what a person wants, and the eyes represent what a person sees and wants. Alternate translation: “so that you do not think about whatever you want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 15 39 vhx4 figs-metaphor 0 prostitute yourselves to them Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men. It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: “be shamefully unfaithful to me” or “do those things instead of obeying me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 15 40 q9my 0 Connecting Statement: God continues telling Moses what to tell the people of Israel. The word “you” refers to the people.
|
||||
NUM 15 40 x4hp figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 15 41 zvn9 0 I am Yahweh your God This clause is repeated for emphasis.
|
||||
NUM 16 intro q814 0 # Numbers 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Rebellion and punishment<br><br>A certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were just as good as Moses and Aaron, and they also could do the work of sacrificing animals at the sacred tent. So Moses told them to come to the sacred tent and burn incense to Yahweh. God then made the earth open and swallow up these leaders and their families. He also sent fire to destroy 250 other men who had joined with those leaders. These actions showed that only the Levites, those whom Yahweh appointed, could be priests. Also, it taught the people that to rebel against Yahweh’s anointed was to rebel against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]])
|
||||
NUM 16 1 xx9n 0 Kohath See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 16 2 t69q figs-metaphor 0 rose up against Moses Rebelling or criticizing someone in authority is spoken of as if they were standing up to fight. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 2 uge1 translate-numbers 0 two hundred and fifty “250” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 16 2 xrx5 0 well-known members in the community “famous members of the community” or “important men in the community”
|
||||
NUM 16 3 d8r9 figs-idiom 0 You have gone too far This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 16 3 d8ny figs-rquestion 0 Why do you lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community? The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 3 df9e figs-metaphor 0 lift up yourselves above the rest Considering someone to be important is spoken of as lifting it up. Alternate translation: “consider yourselves more important than the rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 4 srs6 translate-symaction 0 he lay facedown This indicates that Moses was humbling himself before God. He was afraid that God would punish the people for rebelling against God and his chosen leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 16 5 fhi5 figs-activepassive 0 who is set apart to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has set apart for himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 6 q4mg 0 Connecting Statement: Moses continues speaking to Korah and the men who were with Korah.
|
||||
NUM 16 6 gjn6 0 censers containers in which to burn incense
|
||||
NUM 16 7 ch73 figs-idiom 0 before Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 16 7 mzq8 figs-activepassive 0 that man will be set apart to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will set apart that man for himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 7 d9vh figs-idiom 0 You have gone too far This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 16 9 e9pf figs-rquestion 0 is it a small thing for you … to serve them? Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it is a small thing for you … to serve them!” or “You should not consider it a small thing … to serve them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 9 b5rz 0 a small thing for you “not enough for you” or “unimportant to you”
|
||||
NUM 16 10 l58j figs-metaphor 0 you are seeking the priesthood also Wanting to have the priesthood is spoken of as if they were looking for it. Alternate translation: “you want to have the priesthood too” or “you want to be priests also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 11 lf5d figs-rquestion 0 Who is Aaron that you grumble against him? Moses uses this question to show them that when they complain about what Aaron does, they are really complaining against Yahweh, because Aaron was doing what Yahweh told him to do. Alternate translation: “You are not really complaining about Aaron, but about Yahweh, whom Aaron obeys!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 13 mx6i figs-rquestion 0 Is it a small thing that you have brought us … to kill us in the wilderness? Dathan and Abiram use this question to rebuke Moses. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it was a small thing for you to bring us … and kill us in the wilderness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 13 pgv9 0 a small thing “not enough” or “unimportant”
|
||||
NUM 16 13 gs63 figs-metaphor 0 a land flowing with milk and honey They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Numbers 14:8](../14/08.md). Alternate translation: “that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “a very fertile land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 16 13 v8lm figs-hyperbole 0 to kill us The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: “to have us die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
NUM 16 14 bm99 figs-metaphor 0 as an inheritance They spoke of what God would give them to be theirs forever as if it were an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 14 vux9 figs-rquestion 0 Now do you want to blind us with empty promises? The people used this question to accuse Moses. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want to blind us with empty promises.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 14 j7zc figs-metaphor 0 to blind us Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: “to deceive us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 14 f558 figs-metaphor 0 with empty promises They speak of promises that are not kept as if they are empty containers. Alternate translation: “with promises that you do not keep” or “by promising to do things that you do not do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 15 ic4x figs-synecdoche 0 I have not taken one donkey from them One donkey here represents anything that a person my take from someone else. Alternate translation: “I have not taken anything from them, not even one donkey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 16 17 u87u 0 censer a container in which to burn incense
|
||||
NUM 16 21 f57b figs-metaphor 0 that I may consume them Destroying them is spoken of as if God were to eat them. Alternate translation: “that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 22 zgg1 translate-symaction 0 lay facedown This shows that Moses and Aaron were humbling themselves before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 16 22 npf6 figs-metonymy 0 the God of the spirits of all humanity Here “spirits” represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: “the God who gives life to all humanity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 16 22 xz17 figs-rquestion 0 if one man sins, must you be angry with all the community? Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 16 26 adx7 figs-metaphor 0 you will be consumed Being destroyed is spoken of as if they would be eaten. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 26 r6nz figs-metaphor 0 you will be consumed by all their sins Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy them. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed because of all their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 26 t6ka figs-activepassive 0 you will be consumed by all their sins This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all their sins will destroy you” or “Yahweh will destroy you because of all their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 28 wbf7 0 By this you will know Here “this” refers to what Moses will say next.
|
||||
NUM 16 30 ntr5 figs-simile 0 the earth opens its mouth and swallows them Moses speaks as if the earth were alive and the opening in the ground into which these people would fall were a large mouth that would eat them. Alternate translation: “and they fall into it and are buried underneath the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 16 32 f596 figs-metaphor 0 The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them Moses speaks of the earth as if it were alive, and the hole that the people fell into as if it were the earth’s mouth. Alternate translation: “The earth opened up like a large mouth, and they fell into it and were buried in it” or “There was a giant hole in the ground, and they fell into it and were buried in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 33 ruw6 0 went down alive into Sheol A similar phrase occurs in [Numbers 16:30](../16/30.md). See how you translated it there.
|
||||
NUM 16 34 ti29 0 They exclaimed “They” refers to “All Israel.”
|
||||
NUM 16 34 ap66 figs-metaphor 0 The earth may swallow us up also The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: “The earth might open up and we too will fall into it” or “If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 35 hv92 figs-metaphor 0 fire flashed out from Yahweh and devoured the 250 men Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternate translation: “fire flashed out from Yahweh and destroyed the 250 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 35 m6g1 translate-numbers 0 250 men “two hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 16 37 g7hj 0 out of the flames This refers to the flames that burned the 250 men.
|
||||
NUM 16 38 i2t4 figs-metonymy 0 those who lost their lives Losing their lives represents dying. Alternate translation: “those who died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 16 38 bm9v figs-activepassive 0 Let them be made Here “them” refers to the censers. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let Eleazar make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 38 li47 0 they are set apart … They will be a sign Here “they” and “They” refer to the censers.
|
||||
NUM 16 39 as46 figs-activepassive 0 that had been used by the men who were burned up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the men whom the fire had burned up had used” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 42 wnr1 0 Then it happened This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
|
||||
NUM 16 42 bu59 0 had assembled against Moses and Aaron “had assembled to complain against Moses and Aaron”
|
||||
NUM 16 42 fm5n 0 behold, the cloud “suddenly, the cloud.” Here “behold” shows that the people were surprised by what they saw.
|
||||
NUM 16 45 f8q6 figs-metaphor 0 so that I may consume them God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: “so that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 16 45 y1ae translate-symaction 0 lay down with their faces to the ground This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 16 46 pv5i figs-metonymy 0 anger is coming from Yahweh Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is showing us his anger” or “Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 16 47 s2fi figs-metonymy 0 he put in the incense Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate translation: “he burned the incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 16 48 fgs5 figs-activepassive 0 the plague was stopped This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the plague stopped spreading” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 16 49 e8gm translate-numbers 0 14,700 in number “fourteen thousand seven hundred in number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 17 intro b38c 0 # Numbers 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Which tribe should be special workers for God?<br><br>God told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aaron’s staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahweh’s priests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
|
||||
NUM 17 2 qi3j translate-numbers 0 twelve “12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 17 3 jjh7 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 17 3 xg67 0 Levi’s staff The name Levi here refers to the tribe of Levi.
|
||||
NUM 17 3 w59t 0 for each leader from his ancestors’ tribe Here “his” refers to “each leader.”
|
||||
NUM 17 4 hr73 figs-synecdoche 0 the covenant decrees The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 17 5 s9fj 0 the staff of the man whom I choose will bud “buds will start to grow on the staff of the man whom I choose”
|
||||
NUM 17 5 i4pa figs-abstractnouns 0 cause the complaints from the people of Israel to stop, which they are speaking against you Here “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “make the people of Israel stop complaining against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 17 6 b916 figs-activepassive 0 selected from each of the ancestral tribes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Moses selected from each of the ancestor’s tribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 17 7 md78 figs-synecdoche 0 the tent of the covenant decrees The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the tent of the covenant box” or “the tent that the covenant decrees are in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 17 8 sb52 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that something especially important has happened. You might have a similar word in your language.
|
||||
NUM 17 10 nwq2 figs-synecdoche 0 the covenant decrees The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 17 10 n4ip figs-abstractnouns 0 so that you may end complaints against me The word “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that you may stop them from complaining against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 17 10 b4j8 0 or they will die This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: “so that they will not die”
|
||||
NUM 17 12 m73b figs-parallelism 0 We will die here. We will all perish! These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 18 intro s8q6 0 # Numbers 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Tithes and offerings<br><br>The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
|
||||
NUM 18 1 u2mx figs-activepassive 0 all sins committed against the sanctuary This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone commits against the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 1 g8xh figs-activepassive 0 all sins committed by anyone in the priesthood This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone in the priesthood commits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 1 ljg9 0 anyone in the priesthood “any priest”
|
||||
NUM 18 3 gbu1 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 3 gri8 figs-you 0 They must serve you “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 18 3 yig6 figs-pronouns 0 or they and also you will die Here “they” refers to any member of the tribe of Levi who comes “near to anything in the sanctuary;” the word “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites who are serving in approved roles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
NUM 18 4 b6pc figs-you 0 They must join you “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 18 4 nn6e figs-you 0 not come near you Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 18 5 zaj3 figs-you 0 You must take responsibility Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 18 5 lc1d figs-metonymy 0 so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again This could mean: (1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate translation: “so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again” or (2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate translation: “so that I do not punish the people of Israel again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 18 6 ken5 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 6 y9nk figs-metaphor 0 They are a gift to you Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron. Alternate translation: “They are like a gift to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 6 h66d figs-metonymy 0 given to me Here “given” to God represents being set apart to serve God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which I have set apart for myself” or “and I have set them apart for myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 7 eda8 figs-you 0 only you and your sons Here “you” and “your” are singular and refer to Aaron. Other occurrences of “you” and “your” are plural and refer to Aaron and his sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 18 7 vju4 0 exercise the priesthood “do the work of priests”
|
||||
NUM 18 7 j8mn figs-metonymy 0 everything inside the curtain Being inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate translation: “everything in the room behind the curtain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 18 7 w3i9 figs-activepassive 0 Any foreigner who approaches must be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Any foreigner who approaches must die” or “You must put to death any foreigner who approaches” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 7 ctt4 figs-explicit 0 who approaches What they should not approach can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who approaches the sacred things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 18 8 ua7z figs-idiom 0 the offerings raised up to me Here “raised up to me” represents giving or offering something to God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the offerings that people give to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 8 jdj3 0 I have given these offerings to you God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give these offerings to you”
|
||||
NUM 18 8 x3sq 0 as your ongoing share A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”
|
||||
NUM 18 9 c2dd figs-activepassive 0 kept from the fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you do not completely burn on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 10 smj2 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 12 k3q5 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 12 d7gf 0 the firstfruits This refers to the first of the best oil, wine, and grain that they harvest.
|
||||
NUM 18 13 urx1 figs-metaphor 0 Everyone who is clean in your family Being acceptable to God is spoken of as if they were clean. Alternate translation: “Everyone in your family who is acceptable to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 14 ri2f 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 15 ym9k figs-parallelism 0 Everything that opens the womb, all the firstborn These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Every firstborn male” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 18 15 axb3 figs-idiom 0 Everything that opens the womb The idiom “opens the womb” means to be the first male that a mother gives birth to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 18 15 a5y8 0 the people must certainly buy back every firstborn son Instead of sacrificing their firstborn sons, people had to pay the priests for their sons.
|
||||
NUM 18 16 w52g figs-activepassive 0 Those that are to be bought back by the people must be bought back after becoming one month old This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people must buy them back when they become one month old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 16 vr57 0 Those that are to be bought back Most likely this refers only to firstborn humans that must be bought back and not to firstborn unclean animals.
|
||||
NUM 18 16 xet4 translate-bweight 0 five shekels … which equals twenty gerahs If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “five pieces of silver … each of which equals ten grams” or “fifty grams of silver, using the standard weights that are used in the sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 18 16 t62u figs-explicit 0 five shekels A shekel is a unit of weight. What was weighed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “five shekels of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 18 16 r9ci translate-bweight 0 sanctuary shekel There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed twenty gerahs, which was about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
NUM 18 17 r3d6 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 17 s5mf figs-explicit 0 You must sprinkle their blood That he must kill the animals first can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You must kill them and sprinkle their blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 18 17 rqa6 figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you make by fire” or “that you burn with fire on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 17 dth7 figs-metaphor 0 an aroma pleasing to Yahweh The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will be pleased with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 18 maz6 figs-activepassive 0 the raised breast and the right thigh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the breast and the right thigh that you lift up as a gift to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 19 h1fp 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 19 a4zb 0 I have given to you God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give to you”
|
||||
NUM 18 19 he1c 0 as a continual share A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”
|
||||
NUM 18 19 a21e figs-parallelism 0 an everlasting covenant of salt … a binding covenant forever The two phrases refer to the same thing. Together they emphasize that the covenant will endure forever. Alternate translation: “an agreement forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 18 19 y9je translate-symaction 0 an everlasting covenant of salt “a covenant made with salt.” Salt represented permanence and was used in offerings and covenant meals. Alternate translation: “a permanent covenant” or “an everlasting covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 18 20 hmh1 figs-metaphor 0 You will have no inheritance in the people’s land God speaks of the land that the other people will possess as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “You will not possess any of the people’s land” or “You will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 20 l9jb figs-metaphor 0 I am your share and inheritance God speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving him as priests as if God were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Instead, I am what you will have” or “Instead, I will allow you to serve me and I will provide for you through that service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 21 t638 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 21 b9ib 0 look, I have given The word “look” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “indeed, I have given”
|
||||
NUM 18 21 c1zk figs-metaphor 0 as their inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 23 eq2i 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 18 23 g23k figs-metaphor 0 Among the people of Israel they must have no inheritance God speaks of the land that the other people of Israel will possess as if they will inherit it. The Levites would not receive any of the land. Alternate translation: “they must not have any of the land that the other people of Israel receive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 24 wik9 figs-metaphor 0 as their inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 26 j6qu 0 When you receive from the people of Israel the tenth that I have given to you from them The people of Israel would offer Yahweh a tenth of their crops and animals, and Yahweh would give that to the Levites.
|
||||
NUM 18 26 wkn9 figs-metaphor 0 for your inheritance God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as your portion of what I give to all Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 18 27 cx1b figs-activepassive 0 Your contribution must be considered by you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must consider your contribution” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 28 nd9b 0 Connecting Statement: God continues tell Moses what he must tell the Levites.
|
||||
NUM 18 28 k8mw 0 you must give his contribution to Aaron the priest Here “his” refers to Yahweh. It was Yahweh’s contribution in the sense that they had to give it to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must give Aaron the priest the contribution that you owe Yahweh”
|
||||
NUM 18 29 g53l figs-activepassive 0 that have been given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people of Israel give to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 18 30 c3xf 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 18 30 l7ak 0 the best of it “the best of what you have received from the people of Israel”
|
||||
NUM 18 31 g3lw 0 the rest of your gifts The “gifts” are the offerings that the Israelites give to God and that the Levites receive from them.
|
||||
NUM 18 32 v4s3 0 You will not incur any guilt by eating and drinking it “You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it”
|
||||
NUM 19 intro rnm7 0 # Numbers 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ritually clean<br><br>This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
|
||||
NUM 19 2 vs5r figs-doublet 0 a statute, a law These two words share similar meanings. Alternate translation: “a statute of the law” or “a legal statute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 19 2 u2gx 0 bring to you Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 19 2 x8cy figs-doublet 0 flaw or blemish These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this animal is to have no imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 19 5 rtx6 0 in his sight “in his view” or “so he could see it”
|
||||
NUM 19 6 vjb7 0 priest must take cedarwood “The priest” refers to Eleazar.
|
||||
NUM 19 6 q8lh 0 scarlet wool “red wool”
|
||||
NUM 19 7 zpt1 0 Then he must wash his clothes Here “he” refers to Eleazar the priest.
|
||||
NUM 19 7 kc6d figs-metaphor 0 he will remain unclean Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 9 a8bf figs-metaphor 0 Someone who is clean Being acceptable to God and fit to do sacred work is spoken of as being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 9 nn8t figs-activepassive 0 These ashes must be kept This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must keep these ashes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 9 wn85 figs-metaphor 0 in a clean place Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 10 t9bq figs-metaphor 0 He will remain unclean Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 11 k7e9 figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” “impurity,” and “uncleanness” represent not being acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 11 n7ev 0 the dead body of any man “the dead body of any person”
|
||||
NUM 19 12 d2fz figs-metonymy 0 purify himself The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate translation: “ask someone to purify him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 19 12 jjk6 figs-doublenegatives 0 if he does not purify himself the third day, then he will not be clean on the seventh day This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he will be clean on the seventh day only if he purifies himself the third day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
NUM 19 13 fvi7 figs-metaphor 0 That person must be cut off Here the phrase “be cut off” means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in [Numbers 9:13](../09/13.md). Alternate translation: “That person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 13 f6bq figs-activepassive 0 the water for impurity was not sprinkled on him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one sprinkled the water for impurity on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 13 t2p6 0 the water for impurity “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”
|
||||
NUM 19 13 i3uy figs-parallelism 0 He will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 19 14 n5mx figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 15 aj43 figs-doublenegatives 0 Every open container with no cover becomes unclean This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
NUM 19 16 kwe8 figs-activepassive 0 someone who has been killed with a sword This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone whom someone else has killed with a sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 17 j1j3 figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 17 j1j4 figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The ideas of “clean” and “purify” here represent being acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 20 d5l6 figs-metaphor 0 General Information: The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God and making something acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” and “impurity,” represent not being acceptable to God, making something unacceptable to God, and the state of being unacceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 19 20 mz5q figs-metaphor 0 that person will be cut off Here the phrase “be cut off” means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in [Numbers 9:13](../09/13.md). Alternate translation: “That person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 20 u7dz figs-activepassive 0 The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 19 21 bs1a 0 the water for impurity “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure.” See how you translated this in [Numbers 19:13](../19/13.md)
|
||||
NUM 20 intro uzx8 0 # Numbers 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ sin<br><br>God told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br>### “It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh”<br>It is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Wilderness of Sin<br>Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word “sin.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
NUM 20 1 wu8m translate-transliterate 0 the wilderness of Zin The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
|
||||
NUM 20 1 ht9k translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. The first month is during the last part of March and the first part of April on the Western calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
|
||||
NUM 20 1 r66w figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 20 2 k64b 0 they assembled Here “they” refers to the community.
|
||||
NUM 20 2 vim2 0 assembled together “came as a mob”
|
||||
NUM 20 3 h9bg figs-metonymy 0 in front of Yahweh This represents being in front of Yahweh’s tent. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 4 g1xu 0 Connecting Statement: The people of Israel continue to complain to Moses and Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 20 4 l38d figs-rquestion 0 Why have you brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals? The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 20 5 ax68 figs-rquestion 0 Why did you make us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this horrible place? The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have made us leave Egypt to bring us to this horrible place.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 20 6 lpk3 translate-symaction 0 lay facedown This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 20 8 af3m figs-synecdoche 0 before their eyes Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while they watch you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 20 9 esu4 figs-metonymy 0 from before Yahweh This represents Yahweh’s tent. Alternate translation: “from Yahweh’s tent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 10 gz5h figs-rquestion 0 Must we bring water out of this rock for you? Moses asks this question out of frustration to rebuke the people for complaining. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You complain that there is no water. Well, we will make water come out of this rock.” or “You would not be happy even if we caused water to come out of this rock. But I will do it anyway.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 20 10 qa1u figs-exclusive 0 Must we bring Here “we” refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
NUM 20 12 m97g figs-explicit 0 Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, but struck the rock instead of speaking to it as I told you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 20 12 gt79 figs-synecdoche 0 in the eyes of the people of Israel Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while the people of Israel were watching you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 20 13 cxd4 figs-activepassive 0 This place was called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People called this place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 20 14 tx1m 0 Your brother Israel Moses uses this phrase to emphasize that the Israelites and the Edomites are related because their ancestors, Jacob and Esau, were brothers.
|
||||
NUM 20 16 ib9h 0 When we called out to Yahweh “When we prayed to Yahweh begging him to help us”
|
||||
NUM 20 16 t86p figs-metonymy 0 he heard our voice Here “voice” represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate translation: “he heard our cry” or “he heard what we asked for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 16 kh3u 0 Look The word “look” here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation.
|
||||
NUM 20 17 p7ra 0 Connecting Statement: The messengers continue speaking to the king of Edom.
|
||||
NUM 20 17 udz8 figs-metonymy 0 We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left Here “turn aside” represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: “We will not leave the road in any direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 17 mcu3 0 the king’s highway This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south.
|
||||
NUM 20 18 dk9l figs-you 0 You may not pass … to attack you Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses, who represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Your people may not pass … to attack them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 20 18 cw7v figs-metonymy 0 I will come with the sword Here the sword represents the king’s army. Alternate translation: “I will send my army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 19 y3fv 0 the people of Israel This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers.
|
||||
NUM 20 19 fp34 figs-idiom 0 walk through on foot This idiom means that they would simply travel through the area by walking. They would not come in chariots to attack the people of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 20 20 mia5 figs-metonymy 0 the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers Here the hand represents the king’s powerful army. Alternate translation: “the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 20 21 l8p8 0 cross over their border Here “their” refers to the Edomites.
|
||||
NUM 20 22 l1w6 figs-doublet 0 The people of Israel, the whole community The phrase “the whole community” emphasizes that every person who was a part of “the people of Israel” was present, without exception. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 20 24 eh14 figs-euphemism 0 Aaron must be gathered to his people This is a gentle way to say that Aaron must die. It means that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “Aaron must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 20 24 z598 0 rebelled against my word “refused to do what I said”
|
||||
NUM 20 25 ie14 0 Connecting Statement: God continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 20 26 af1h figs-parallelism 0 must die and be gathered to his people These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 20 29 lcr9 translate-numbers 0 thirty days “30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 21 intro vi2c 0 # Numbers 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:14-15, 17-18, 27-30.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ungrateful<br><br>The Israelites said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food.” After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
|
||||
NUM 21 1 nsa6 figs-metonymy 0 he fought against Israel Here “he fought” means that his army fought. Alternate translation: “his army fought against Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 2 x3np figs-metonymy 0 Israel vowed This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel vowed” or “The Israelites made a vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 3 j1ix figs-metonymy 0 listened to Israel’s voice Here “listen” means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate translation: “did what Israel asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 3 y7v3 figs-metonymy 0 Israel’s voice Here “voice” is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: “what Israel asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 3 chr3 0 They completely destroyed them and their cities “The people of Israel completely destroyed the Canaanite army and their cities”
|
||||
NUM 21 3 gde5 figs-activepassive 0 That place was called Hormah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They called that place Hormah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 5 n6kt figs-rquestion 0 Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? The people used this question in order to rebuke Moses. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not made us leave Egypt to die in the wilderness!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 21 7 k7km 0 we have spoken against Yahweh and you “we have said bad things about Yahweh and you”
|
||||
NUM 21 7 chg1 figs-exclusive 0 we have spoken … from us The words “we” and “us” here refer to the people but not to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 8 s82p figs-explicit 0 Make a snake Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was to make a model of a snake. This implied information can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Make a model of a snake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 21 8 sw8h figs-activepassive 0 everyone who is bitten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everyone whom a snake bites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 9 um5c 0 a bronze snake “a snake out of bronze”
|
||||
NUM 21 9 nu8p 0 if he looked at the bronze snake, he survived Here “he” refers to “any person” who was bitten by a snake.
|
||||
NUM 21 11 c38s figs-idiom 0 that faces Moab Here “faces” is an idiom that means “is across from” or “is next to.” Alternate translation: “that is next to Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 21 13 pc3l 0 forms the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites This means that the two peoples lived on different sides of the river, which was a boundary between them. The Moabite people lived south of the river and the Amorites lived on the north.
|
||||
NUM 21 14 r97m translate-names 0 Waheb in Suphah These are both names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 21 15 i244 0 the slope of the valleys that lead toward the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab “the valleys that go downhill to the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab”
|
||||
NUM 21 16 s994 0 to Beer, the well This can be stated as two sentences. Alternate translation: “to Beer. There was a well there”
|
||||
NUM 21 16 hnm3 figs-quotations 0 where Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather the people together for me to give them water.” This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
NUM 21 17 g2jm figs-metonymy 0 Spring up, well Here “well” represents the water in the well. The Israelites are speaking to the water as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well. Alternate translation: “Water, fill up the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 21 18 ms4y figs-parallelism 0 the well that our leaders dug, the well the nobles of the people dug These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the leaders in digging the well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 21 18 mvp6 figs-explicit 0 with the scepter and their staffs A scepter was carried by those with authority, and the staff was carried by everyone. Neither of these are digging tools. These two items emphasize that they were not too proud to use any means available. Alternate translation: “using even their scepter and staffs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 21 19 lgf8 translate-names 0 Nahaliel … Bamoth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 21 20 uv3q translate-names 0 Mount Pisgah This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 21 20 s19q figs-idiom 0 looks down on the wilderness This is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high, and speaks of the mountain as if it were a person who looks down to see the wilderness below him. Alternate translation: “rises above the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 21 21 mqq6 figs-metonymy 0 Then Israel Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate translation: “Then the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 22 en73 0 We will not turn into any field or vineyard “We will not go into any of your fields or vineyards”
|
||||
NUM 21 22 rgg6 0 the king’s highway This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in [Numbers 20:17](../20/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 21 23 k1p3 0 to pass through their border “to cross over their border.” Here “their” refers to the Amorites.
|
||||
NUM 21 23 hx3p translate-names 0 Jahaz This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 21 23 g1x8 figs-synecdoche 0 he fought against Israel Here “he” refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 21 24 e3nm figs-metonymy 0 Israel attacked Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelites attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 24 c7k2 figs-metonymy 0 with the edge of the sword “with the sharp part of the sword.” The “edge of the sword” is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate translation: “and completely defeated them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 21 24 ph3k 0 took their land “conquered the land of the Amorites.” Here the word “their” refers to the Amorites.
|
||||
NUM 21 24 n2gs 0 was fortified “was strongly defended.” The Israelites did not attack the Ammonites.
|
||||
NUM 21 25 c7tz 0 Heshbon and all of its villages Here “its” is possessive to show that a relationship existed between the city of Heshbon and these nearby villages. Alternate translation: “Heshbon and the nearby villages that it controlled”
|
||||
NUM 21 26 v9rj 0 Sihon had taken all his land Here “his” refers to the king of Moab.
|
||||
NUM 21 27 bf5s figs-parallelism 0 Heshbon … city of Sihon These are two names that refer to the same city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 21 27 pw7i figs-activepassive 0 Let the city of Sihon be rebuilt and established again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let someone rebuild and establish again the city of Sihon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 27 a4ni figs-doublet 0 rebuilt and established These two terms are very similar and emphasize that the city will be fully rebuilt. Alternate translation: “completely rebuilt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 21 28 hxh1 figs-parallelism 0 A fire blazed from Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that destruction will begin at Heshbon. The fire refers to a destroying army. Alternate translation: “King Sihon led a strong army from the city of Heshbon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 21 28 di4e figs-metaphor 0 devoured Ar of Moab The army of Sihon is spoken of as if it was an animal that ate up the city of Ar. Alternate translation: “destroyed the town of Ar in the land of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 21 29 cu3d figs-parallelism 0 Moab … people of Chemosh These two phrases refer to the same people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 21 29 r97r 0 people of Chemosh “Chemosh” was the name of the false god whom the Moabites worshiped. Alternate translation: “the people who worship Chemosh”
|
||||
NUM 21 29 n57w 0 He has made his sons “He” and “his” refer to Chemosh.
|
||||
NUM 21 30 k6au 0 we have conquered Here “we” refers to the Israelites who defeated Sihon.
|
||||
NUM 21 30 aiy9 figs-activepassive 0 Heshbon is devastated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We have devastated Heshbon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 30 x525 translate-names 0 Heshbon … all the way to Dibon … all the way to Nophah … to Medeba These are all places in Sihon’s kingdom. This means the Israelites destroyed Sihon’s entire nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
NUM 21 32 f8n9 0 drove out “chased away”
|
||||
NUM 21 33 jc4b 0 went out against them “attacked them”
|
||||
NUM 21 34 wk2t 0 Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites The Israelites had completely destroyed Sihon. Alternate translation: “Destroy him like you destroyed Sihon king of the Amorites”
|
||||
NUM 21 35 mdc5 0 So they killed him “So the army of Israel killed Og”
|
||||
NUM 21 35 b31n figs-activepassive 0 none of his people were left alive This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 21 35 w1f2 0 they took over his land “they took control of his land”
|
||||
NUM 22 intro hxi6 0 # Numbers 22 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>The chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Balaam to come and curse Israel. God told him not to go but he wanted to go; so God told him to say only what God wanted him to say. Yahweh was able to use Balaam, even though he was not a prophet of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
|
||||
NUM 22 1 vt4u 0 on the other side of the Jordan River from the city The Israelites were camped on the east side of the Jordan River. Jericho was on the west side of the river.
|
||||
NUM 22 2 a4k1 translate-names 0 Balak son of Zippor Balak was king of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 22 2 hqt3 translate-names 0 Zippor Zippor is the father of Balak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 22 3 hl8m figs-parallelism 0 Moab was very afraid of the people … Moab was in terror of the people of Israel These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Moab was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 22 3 ht2r figs-metonymy 0 Moab was very afraid Here “Moab” refers to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “All of the Moabites were very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 22 3 h36e 0 because they were many “because there were many of them”
|
||||
NUM 22 4 vv9z 0 The king of Moab said to the elders of Midian The Moabites and the Midianites were two different groups of people, but the Midianites were living in the land of Moab at that time.
|
||||
NUM 22 4 dg4t figs-simile 0 This multitude will eat up all that is around us as an ox eats up the grass in a field The way the Israelites will destroy their enemies is spoken of as if they were an ox eating up the grass in a field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 22 4 t57u writing-background 0 Now Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time This changes from the main story to background information about Balak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
NUM 22 5 gr45 0 He sent messengers “Balak sent messengers”
|
||||
NUM 22 5 wr6v translate-names 0 Beor This is the name of Balaam’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 22 5 z33v translate-names 0 Pethor This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 22 5 s4sb 0 of his nation and his people “of Balaam’s nation and people”
|
||||
NUM 22 5 fr82 0 He called him “Balak called Balaam.” Balak did not speak to Balaam directly, but did so through the messengers he sent.
|
||||
NUM 22 5 vlg5 figs-hyperbole 0 They cover the face of the earth This is an exaggeration to emphasize how many of them there were. Alternate translation: “They are extremely numerous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
NUM 22 5 h1t4 figs-idiom 0 the face of the earth This refers to the surface of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 22 6 fdd6 0 drive them “chase them”
|
||||
NUM 22 6 cb7x figs-activepassive 0 I know that whomever you bless will be blessed, and whomever you curse will be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I know you have the power to bless or to curse people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 22 7 f3re figs-abstractnouns 0 payment for divination The abstract noun “divination” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “money to pay Balaam to curse Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 22 7 gjm1 figs-go 0 They came to Balaam You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||||
NUM 22 7 ipu7 0 spoke to him Balak’s words “told him the message from Balak”
|
||||
NUM 22 7 xtx6 0 Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 8 m7kq figs-metaphor 0 I will bring you Balaam’s report is spoken of as if it were something that he would carry to the messengers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 22 9 nfd7 0 God came to Balaam “God appeared to Balaam”
|
||||
NUM 22 9 jt4t figs-rquestion 0 Who are these men who came to you? Yahweh uses a question to introduce a new topic of conversation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me about these men who came to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 10 lm86 0 Balak … Zippor These are the names of men. See how you translated these in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 11 xa8q 0 Look … drive them out Balaam restates the message that Balak sent to him. See how you translated these phrases in [Numbers 22:5-6](./05.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 11 vu2r 0 drive them out “chase them away”
|
||||
NUM 22 12 wbu5 figs-activepassive 0 because they have been blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because I have blessed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 22 13 h8t7 0 Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 15 xg9z 0 Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 16 drr7 figs-go 0 They came to Balaam You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||||
NUM 22 17 bm1v 0 this people The singular noun refers to the Israelites as a group. Alternate translation: “this group of people”
|
||||
NUM 22 18 q97p 0 Balak This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 18 x1c1 figs-hypo 0 Even if Balak would give me his palace full of silver and gold Balaam is describing something that would never happen. He is emphasizing that there is nothing that could make him disobey Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
NUM 22 18 j6cl 0 I cannot go beyond the word of Yahweh … and do less or more than what he tells me This means Balaam cannot disobey Yahweh in any way.
|
||||
NUM 22 21 z7il 0 saddled his donkey A saddle is a seat put on the back of an animal in order to ride it.
|
||||
NUM 22 22 sb7d figs-idiom 0 God’s anger was kindled The increase in God’s anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 22 22 n3m5 0 as someone hostile to Balaam “as an enemy to Balaam” or “in order to stop Balaam”
|
||||
NUM 22 23 gu3v figs-explicit 0 with his drawn sword A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 22 23 ben2 0 The donkey turned off the road and went into a field The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 22 23 r3sy 0 to turn her back Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “to turn it back”
|
||||
NUM 22 25 wf2x 0 She went against the wall This was an attempt to escape from the angel of Yahweh in the road.
|
||||
NUM 22 25 uhb9 0 She went Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “It went”
|
||||
NUM 22 25 w91q 0 pinned Balaam’s foot against it “pushed Balaam’s foot against it” or “hurt Balaam’s foot against it”
|
||||
NUM 22 27 jh49 figs-idiom 0 Balaam’s anger was kindled The increase in Balaam’s anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:22](../22/22.md). Alternate translation: “Balaam became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 22 28 imi3 figs-metonymy 0 Then Yahweh opened the donkey’s mouth so she could talk Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 22 28 b84t 0 She said to Balaam “The donkey said to Balaam”
|
||||
NUM 22 30 hb6v figs-rquestion 0 Am not I your donkey on which you have ridden all your life long to this present day? This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am your donkey on which you have ridden all your life, right up to the present moment.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 30 f959 figs-rquestion 0 Have I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before? This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 31 d2lh figs-metonymy 0 Then Yahweh opened Balaam’s eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh To “open one’s eyes” is associated with being able to see. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 22 31 vwl7 figs-explicit 0 with his drawn sword A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:23](../22/23.md). Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 22 31 xi4r translate-symaction 0 Balaam lowered his head and lay facedown This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 22 32 mb9v figs-rquestion 0 Why have you struck your donkey these three times? This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have struck your donkey these three times.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 32 bfy4 0 as someone hostile to you “as an enemy to you” or “to oppose you”
|
||||
NUM 22 33 nqy4 figs-hypo 0 If she had not turned … killed you and spared her life This hypothetical statement indicated what could have happened, but it did not because the donkey’s actions saved Balaam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
NUM 22 34 hxf8 0 So now, if it is displeasing to you “So if you do not want me to continue going”
|
||||
NUM 22 35 dyl3 0 with the leaders of Balak “with the leaders whom Balak had sent.” See how you translated “Balak” in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 36 c4ji 0 Arnon This is the name of a river. See how you translated it in [Numbers 21:13](../21/13.md).
|
||||
NUM 22 37 kjv9 figs-rquestion 0 Did I not send men to you to summon you? This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely I sent men to summon you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 37 f7wv figs-rquestion 0 Why did you not come to me? This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have come to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 37 pk2i figs-rquestion 0 Am I not able to honor you? This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 38 y1j1 figs-rquestion 0 Do I now have any power to say anything? Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to do everything that Balak asks him to do. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But I have no power to say anything I want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 22 38 re6i figs-metaphor 0 the words that God puts into my mouth The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. Alternate translation: “the message that God wants me to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 22 39 lt48 translate-names 0 Kiriath Huzoth This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 22 40 e9l3 0 some meat “some of the meat from the sacrifices”
|
||||
NUM 22 41 sx5n 0 the high place of Baal This could mean: (1) this refers to the same place as Bamoth in [Numbers 21:19](../21/19.md). The word Bamoth means “the high place,” or (2) this is another high place where people sacrificed to Baal.
|
||||
NUM 23 intro kt51 0 # Numbers 23 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:7-10, 18-24.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Cursing God’s people<br><br>God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
|
||||
NUM 23 1 js8j 0 Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 23 1 yr7z 0 prepare seven bulls and seven rams “kill seven bulls and seven rams as a sacrifice”
|
||||
NUM 23 3 s7kv 0 Stand at your burnt offering and I will go “Stay here with your burnt offering and I will go a distance away”
|
||||
NUM 23 4 yji9 figs-explicit 0 I have offered up a bull and a ram It has already been stated that he killed these animals as a burnt offering. Alternate translation: “I have killed a bull and a ram and burnt them as an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 23 5 nny6 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh put a message in Balaam’s mouth Here Yahweh giving Balaam a message to speak is spoken of as if Yahweh placed it in his mouth. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Balaam what he wanted him to say to Balak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 23 7 wtg1 figs-parallelism 0 Balak has brought me from Aram … the king of Moab from the eastern mountains These phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 23 7 nuw3 figs-parallelism 0 ‘Come, curse Jacob for me,’…‘Come, defy Israel.’ Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that Balak wants Balaam to curse the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 23 8 w1jk figs-rquestion 0 How can I curse those whom God has not cursed? How can I oppose those whom Yahweh does not oppose? These rhetorical questions emphasize Balaam’s refusal to disobey God. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “But I cannot curse those whom God has not cursed. I cannot fight against those whom Yahweh does not fight!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 23 9 hq42 figs-parallelism 0 from the top of the rocks I see him … from the hills I look at him These two phrases mean the same thing. Balaam viewed Israel from the top of a hill. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 23 9 a551 figs-metonymy 0 I see him … I look at him Here “him” is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 23 9 mm7u 0 there is a people “there is a group of people”
|
||||
NUM 23 9 ni8f figs-litotes 0 do not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: “they consider themselves to be a special nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
NUM 23 10 hr4v figs-rquestion 0 Who can count the dust of Jacob or number even only one-fourth of Israel? Here “dust of Jacob” is a metaphor that speaks of the number of Israelites as if they were as numerous as the specks of dust. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are too many Israelites to count. No one could count even a fourth of them because there are so many.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 23 10 uxp9 figs-explicit 0 the death of a righteous person It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the peaceful death of a righteous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 23 10 am5i figs-metonymy 0 a righteous person … like his These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 23 11 x2xr 0 Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 23 11 typ8 figs-rquestion 0 What have you done to me? Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 23 11 e1a2 0 but look This emphasizes the shocking action that follows.
|
||||
NUM 23 12 xe42 figs-rquestion 0 Should I not be careful to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth? Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I must be very careful to say only what Yahweh tells me to say.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 23 12 yvq8 figs-metaphor 0 to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:38](../22/38.md). Alternate translation: “to say only what Yahweh wants me to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 23 13 x381 0 There you will curse them for me “There you will curse the Israelites for me”
|
||||
NUM 23 14 a29b translate-names 0 field of Zophim Translators may add a footnote that says: “The word ‘Zophim’ means ‘to watch’ or ‘to spy.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 23 14 zz2b translate-names 0 Mount Pisgah This is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 23 16 fc1n figs-metaphor 0 put a message in his mouth The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 22:38](../22/38.md). Alternate translation: “told him what to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 23 16 yn5x 0 He said “Then Yahweh said”
|
||||
NUM 23 18 kka5 figs-parallelism 0 Balak, and hear … Listen to me, you son of Zippor These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it was for Balak to pay attention. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 23 18 d6y8 0 Balak … son of Zippor See how you translated these names in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 23 19 q4wm figs-parallelism 0 Has he promised anything without doing it? Has he said he would do something without carrying it out? Both of these questions mean the same thing and emphasize that God does what he says he will. These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “He has never promised a thing without fulfilling what he promised. He has always done exactly what he said he would do.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 23 20 tga7 figs-activepassive 0 I have been commanded to bless This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has commanded me to bless the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 23 21 w1xp figs-parallelism 0 hardship in Jacob … trouble in Israel These two phrases mean the same thing. This could mean: (1) God has given Israel only good things or (2) there is no sin in Israel that would cause him to judge them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 23 21 i4xz 0 shouts for their king are among them “they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king”
|
||||
NUM 23 22 bnk6 figs-simile 0 with strength like that of a wild ox This simile says that Yahweh’s great strength is equal to an ox. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 23 23 q3q1 figs-parallelism 0 There is no sorcery that works against Jacob … no fortune-telling harms Israel These two lines mean the same thing, that no curse that anyone puts on the nation of Israel will be effective. Here “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 23 23 xhg8 figs-activepassive 0 it must be said This can be stated in active form. “people must say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 23 23 yvh5 0 Look what God has done! It is implied that what God did for them was good. Alternate translation: “Look at the good things God has done for them!”
|
||||
NUM 23 24 jm1j figs-metaphor 0 the people rise like a lioness … he has killed This verse is a long metaphor that speaks of Israel defeating her enemies as if Israel was a lion devouring its prey. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 23 25 yxn3 0 Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 23 26 sl4c figs-rquestion 0 Did I not tell you that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say? Balaam uses this rhetorical question to remind Balak that Balaam refused to disobey God even before he came to Balak. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you before that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 23 28 jd2z figs-explicit 0 which looks down on the wilderness It is understood that this wilderness was where Israel was camped. Alternate translation: “which looks down on the wilderness where Israel was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 24 intro g6vw 0 # Numbers 24 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:3-9, 15-24.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Cursing God’s people<br><br>God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])
|
||||
NUM 24 1 w9kx 0 as at the other times “like he did the previous times”
|
||||
NUM 24 2 wa9k figs-idiom 0 He raised his eyes Here “raised his eyes” is an idiom that means to look up. Alternate translation: “He looked up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 24 2 vd4a 0 Spirit of God came on him This mean’s God’s Spirit took control of him to prophesy.
|
||||
NUM 24 3 sec1 figs-activepassive 0 He received this prophecy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gave him this prophecy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 3 mke8 0 Balaam son of Beor Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 24 3 rt1a figs-idiom 0 whose eyes are wide open This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 24 4 np5b 0 General Information: Balaam continues to prophesy under the control of the Spirit of God.
|
||||
NUM 24 4 g4v6 figs-123person 0 He speaks … He sees … he bows Here Balaam refers to himself as “He.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
NUM 24 4 ktc8 translate-symaction 0 he bows down This is an act of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 24 4 ej3r figs-idiom 0 with his eyes open Here “eyes open” is an idiom that means Balaam has received the ability to know what God wants to say. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 24 5 ba5v figs-parallelism 0 How beautiful are your tents, Jacob, the place where you live, Israel! Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize the Israelite camp was beautiful to Balaam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 24 6 kip6 0 General Information: Balaam continues to prophesy under the control of the Spirit of God.
|
||||
NUM 24 6 qar4 figs-simile 0 Like valleys they spread out Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were numerous enough to cover entire valleys. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 24 6 j8eg figs-simile 0 like gardens by the riverside Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were well-watered gardens that produce an abundant harvest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 24 6 l53y translate-unknown 0 aloes planted by Yahweh Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they would thrive and be pleasant like aloe plants. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “aloes which Yahweh has planted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 6 aw4k figs-simile 0 like cedars beside the waters Cedar trees were the largest trees in Israel. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they grew as large as well-watered cedar trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 24 7 dyh1 0 General Information: Balaam continues to prophesy under the control of the Spirit of God.
|
||||
NUM 24 7 fl12 figs-metonymy 0 Water flows … well-watered Abundant water is associated with God’s blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate translation: “God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 7 a4i7 figs-metonymy 0 their seed is well-watered Well-watered seed refers to God’s blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate translation: “they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 7 zlh1 figs-parallelism 0 Their king is to be higher … their kingdom will be honored These two phrases have similar meaning, emphasizing how much God will bless them compared to other nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 24 7 ftd7 translate-names 0 Their king is to be higher than Agag Here “higher” refers to greater honor and power. This means the future king of Israel will have more honor and will be more powerful than Agag. Agag was king of the Amalekites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 7 b156 figs-activepassive 0 their kingdom will be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “other people will give honor to their kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 8 phd7 0 General Information: Balaam continues to prophesy under the control of the Spirit of God.
|
||||
NUM 24 8 x28i 0 God brings him “God brings the Israelites”
|
||||
NUM 24 8 n9ze figs-simile 0 with strength like a wild ox This simile emphasizes that the Israelites have great strength. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 24 8 y9vx figs-metaphor 0 He will eat up the nations Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they are wild animals that eat their enemies. This means they will destroy their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 24 9 rx4y 0 General Information: Balaam finishes the prophecy under the control of the Spirit of God.
|
||||
NUM 24 9 kq6q figs-simile 0 He crouches down like a lion, like a lioness In this simile, Balaam compares the Israelites to both male and female lions. This means they are dangerous and always ready to attack. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 24 9 l12k figs-rquestion 0 Who dares disturb him? Balaam uses a question to warn all the people to not provoke the Israelites. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one dares to disturb him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 24 9 iv8q figs-activepassive 0 May everyone who blesses him be blessed; may everyone who curses him be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God bless those who bless the Israelites; may he curse those who curse the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 10 m1vp figs-idiom 0 Balak’s anger was kindled The increase in Balak’s anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Balak became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 10 rgi1 translate-symaction 0 struck his hands together in anger This was a sign of great frustration and anger. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 24 13 gi9a figs-hypo 0 Even if Balak gave me his palace full of silver and gold Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasizes that there is nothing that would make Balaam disobey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
NUM 24 13 a4su figs-rquestion 0 Did I not say this to them? Balaam uses a question to remind Balak about what he said earlier. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. “Alternate translation: I said this to them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 24 14 m83i 0 this people “the Israelites”
|
||||
NUM 24 15 bp57 0 Balaam son of Beor Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 24 15 bpl3 figs-idiom 0 whose eyes are wide open This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in [Numbers 24:3](../24/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 24 16 bfa4 figs-abstractnouns 0 who has knowledge from the Most High The abstract term “knowledge” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “who knows things that God Most High has revealed to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 24 16 m31x translate-symaction 0 bows down This is a sign of submission to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 j1rk 0 General Information: Balaam continues the first of his four prophecies.
|
||||
NUM 24 17 xt9l figs-parallelism 0 I see him, but he is not here now. I look at him, but he is not near Both of these statements mean the same thing. Balaam is having a vision of a future event. The word “him” refers to a future leader of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 zg5v writing-symlanguage 0 A star will come out of Jacob Here “star” refers to an Israelite king that will rise in power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 dbs9 figs-metonymy 0 out of Jacob Here “Jacob” refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “from among the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 ev9h figs-parallelism 0 a scepter will rise out of Israel This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Here “scepter” refers to a powerful king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 m5w5 figs-metonymy 0 out of Israel Here “Israel” refers to future Israelites. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 17 evy3 0 shatter Moab’s leaders This could mean: (1) he will break the heads of the leaders of Moab or (2) he will destroy the leaders of Moab.
|
||||
NUM 24 17 r3pg 0 all the descendants of Seth This also refers to the Moabites, who were descendants of Seth.
|
||||
NUM 24 18 l7jt 0 General Information: Balaam finishes the first of his four prophecies.
|
||||
NUM 24 18 nu8t figs-activepassive 0 Edom will become a possession of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Israelites will occupy Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 18 w7ft figs-activepassive 0 Seir will also become their possession Here “Seir” refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Israel will also conquer the people of Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 19 u3rj figs-metonymy 0 Out of Jacob a king will come Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to the whole people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 19 d85v figs-explicit 0 of their city This refers to the city of Ar where Balak met Balaam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 24 20 h7ft figs-metonymy 0 Balaam looked at Amalek Here “Amalek” is a metonym that refers to the people of Amalek. This continues Balaam’s vision while turning to look in the direction of the Amalek nation, and then he prophecies about the Amalekites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 24 20 j37m figs-123person 0 his final end A singular pronoun is used because the Amalekites are spoken of as a single person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
NUM 24 21 n23b translate-names 0 the Kenites This is the name of a people group who descended from Kain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 24 21 b7wk 0 The place where you live is strong “The place were you live is well defended”
|
||||
NUM 24 21 htj2 figs-metaphor 0 your nest is in the rocks This is a metaphor that means that they live in a secure place. Alternate translation: “your location is as secure as a nest high in the rocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 24 22 ce4c figs-activepassive 0 Nevertheless you Kenites will be consumed by fire when Assyria carries you away captive Here the destruction of the Kenites is spoken of as if they were burned up in a fire. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Nevertheless the Assyrians will destroy you Kenites like a fire, and take you away as captives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 24 23 bj5v figs-rquestion 0 Who will survive when God does this? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one will survive when God does this!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 24 24 rl4t translate-names 0 Kittim This is the name of a city on an island in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 24 24 zm8g figs-abstractnouns 0 they, too, will end in destruction The abstract noun “destruction” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “God will destroy them also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 24 25 wf69 0 Balak This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:2](../22/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 25 intro vs5m 0 # Numbers 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Foreign women<br><br>Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
NUM 25 1 bx2y translate-names 0 Shittim This is the name of a place in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 25 2 zud9 translate-symaction 0 bowed down This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 25 3 bum9 0 Peor Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md).
|
||||
NUM 25 3 idj8 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh’s anger was kindled The increase in Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it was a fire starting to burn. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 21:20](../21/20.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 25 4 ea9b figs-explicit 0 all the leaders of the people It is implied that this refers to the leaders who were guilty of idolatry. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “all the leaders of the people who are guilty of idolatry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 25 4 yg38 0 to expose them in the daylight This means that the leaders of Israel will kill these people and leave their dead bodies out where all the people can see them.
|
||||
NUM 25 5 by2q 0 to Israel’s leaders “to Israel’s leaders who were not guilty of idolatry”
|
||||
NUM 25 5 d7ds 0 Peor Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md).
|
||||
NUM 25 6 ze7n figs-explicit 0 brought among his family members a Midianite woman It is implied that he brought her among his camp to have sex with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “brought a Midianite woman to the Israelite camp to sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 25 6 h1be figs-idiom 0 in the sight of Moses and all the community of the people of Israel Here “in the sight of” is an idiom that means they heard about it, or found out about it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 25 7 b58q 0 Eleazar This is the name of Aaron’s son. See how you translated it in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 25 8 kww8 0 He followed “Phinehas followed”
|
||||
NUM 25 11 z3sf 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh begins to speak to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 25 11 j3xu figs-metaphor 0 turned my rage away from the people of Israel God’s rage is spoken of as if it were something that could be physically pushed aside in order to stop it. Alternate translation: “caused me to no longer be angry with the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 25 11 lt3f figs-metaphor 0 I have not consumed the people of Israel in my fierceness God is spoken of as if he were a fierce animal that could have eaten up the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I have not destroyed the people of Israel in my terrible anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 25 12 pby2 0 Connecting Statement: This continues Yahweh’s speech from verse 11.
|
||||
NUM 25 13 eu4w 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of Yahweh’s speech that begins in verse 11.
|
||||
NUM 25 13 lgg4 figs-quotesinquotes 0 For him … of Israel.”’” This is the end of Yahweh’s speech from [Numbers 25:11] (./10.md). This has quotations within quotations. The direct quotations can be stated as indirect quotation. “Therefore say to them that Yahweh says that he is giving to Phinehas his covenant of peace. For him and his descendants after him, it will be a covenant of an everlasting priesthood because he was zealous for Yahweh, his God. He has atoned for the people of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
NUM 25 14 u1w2 writing-background 0 Now This switches from the main story line to background information about Zimri and Kozbi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
NUM 25 14 xw6i figs-activepassive 0 who was killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 25 14 r6ve translate-names 0 Zimri … Salu These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 25 15 e341 translate-names 0 Zur This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 25 15 pqc7 translate-names 0 Kozbi This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 25 18 uaj4 figs-abstractnouns 0 with their deceitfulness The abstract noun “deceitfulness” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “by deceiving you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 25 18 kw2l 0 They led you into evil “They persuaded you to do this evil thing”
|
||||
NUM 25 18 dj72 0 in the case of Peor … in the matter of Peor Both of these phrases mean that these things happened at Mount Peor.
|
||||
NUM 25 18 h4fy 0 Peor Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in [Numbers 23:28](../23/28.md).
|
||||
NUM 25 18 vp48 figs-activepassive 0 who was killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 intro h5mw 0 # Numbers 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 26:12-17, 20-26, 29-32, 35, 38-39, 44-45, 48-49, 57-58 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.<br><br>The people are counted in preparation for entering into the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### A new generation<br><br>None of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the two faithful spies, Joshua and Caleb. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||||
NUM 26 2 i1ce figs-explicit 0 Count all the community They were only to count the men, not the women. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Count all the men of the community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 26 2 vni2 translate-numbers 0 twenty years old and up “20 years old and older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 3 z8gq 0 spoke to them “spoke to the Israelite leaders”
|
||||
NUM 26 3 i73q 0 plains A plain is a large flat area of land.
|
||||
NUM 26 4 sjq1 translate-numbers 0 twenty years old and up “20 years old and older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 5 l25r translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 5 jv53 0 was the firstborn of Israel Here “Israel” refers to the man also known as Jacob.
|
||||
NUM 26 5 blb4 0 From his son The word “his” refers to Rueben.
|
||||
NUM 26 7 ukj3 translate-numbers 0 43,730 men “forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 8 vzn3 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 26 8 q6k2 0 Eliab See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 9 i6m2 0 Eliab … Dathan … Abiram See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 16:1](../16/01.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 10 d33w figs-personification 0 The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up Here the earth is spoken of as if it were a person opening its mouth and eating something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the earth to split open, and the men fell in the hole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 26 10 l16k figs-personification 0 fire devoured 250 men Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused a fire that killed 250 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 26 10 y2z4 translate-numbers 0 250 men “two hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 11 nb3j 0 Korah’s line “all of Korah’s family”
|
||||
NUM 26 11 y8qj 0 die out “end”
|
||||
NUM 26 12 utp6 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 14 y9j2 translate-numbers 0 22,200 men “twenty-two thousand two hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 15 rb4h translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 18 nkh7 translate-numbers 0 40,500 men “forty thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 19 hbe7 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 22 ar7q translate-numbers 0 76,500 men “seventy-six thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 23 f73t translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 25 da8l translate-numbers 0 64,300 men “sixty-four thousand three hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 26 w3fz translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 27 j5hx translate-numbers 0 60,500 men “sixty thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 28 fqy4 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 26 30 b45q translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 26 33 slu8 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 34 af6u translate-numbers 0 52,700 men “fifty-two thousand seven hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 35 jhj1 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 37 y5mi translate-numbers 0 32,500 men “thirty-two thousand five hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 37 np8k figs-explicit 0 These were Joseph’s descendants, counted The word “these” refers to all of the men descended from Joseph’s sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “These were Joseph’s descendants, descended from his sons Manasseh and Ephraim, counted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 26 37 fxl7 figs-activepassive 0 counted in each of their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they counted them in each of their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 38 fb9i translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 41 t1c5 translate-numbers 0 45,600 men “forty-five thousand six hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 42 x61c translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 43 s5va translate-numbers 0 64,400 men “sixty-four thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 44 lci1 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 47 lw59 translate-numbers 0 53,400 men “fifty-three thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 48 v1j8 translate-names 0 General Information: The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 50 pgj7 translate-numbers 0 45,400 men “forty-five thousand four hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 51 l55t 0 the complete count “the total number”
|
||||
NUM 26 51 tr8m translate-numbers 0 601730 “six-hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 53 k6p3 figs-activepassive 0 The land must be divided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must divide the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 53 ut1a 0 these men This refers to all of the men that were counted in their clans, beginning in [Numbers 26:5](../26/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 53 d4z2 0 according to the number of their names “by the number of people in each clan”
|
||||
NUM 26 54 i4k8 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 26 54 y96p figs-explicit 0 give more inheritance In this passage, the word “inheritance” refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “give more land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 26 54 zpe1 figs-activepassive 0 who were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders of Israel counted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 55 a5bi figs-activepassive 0 the land must be divided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must divide the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 55 gx96 0 by random lots “by casting lots”
|
||||
NUM 26 55 zwx4 figs-activepassive 0 it will be divided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will divide it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 56 gvl8 figs-activepassive 0 distributed to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and you must distribute the land to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 57 l46r translate-names 0 General Information: This is a list of the Levite clans. Moses counts the Levites separately from the other tribes because they did not receive any land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 26 57 r6qa figs-activepassive 0 counted clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the leaders also counted clan by clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 57 mt4u 0 Gershon … Kohath … Merari See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 58 au4a 0 Amram’s See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 59 pqk6 0 Amram See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 3:19](../03/19.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 59 zb3x 0 She bore to Amram their children “She and Amram had children”
|
||||
NUM 26 60 wwe5 0 Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 3:2](../03/02.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 61 qsd1 figs-metonymy 0 they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire Here the word “fire” is used to refer to “burning incense.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 26 62 ane3 figs-activepassive 0 who were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders counted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 62 ac2r translate-numbers 0 twenty-three thousand “23,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 26 62 kw5d 0 one month old and up “one month old and older”
|
||||
NUM 26 62 atk6 figs-activepassive 0 they were not counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but the leaders did not count them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 62 e3dt figs-activepassive 0 because no inheritance was given to them This can be stated in active form. Here “inheritance” refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 26 63 l1g7 figs-activepassive 0 who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Eleazar the priest counted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 64 fpg9 0 there was no man “there were no men”
|
||||
NUM 26 64 bwj6 figs-activepassive 0 who had been counted by Moses and Aaron the priest This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron the priest had counted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 64 xc7s figs-activepassive 0 when the descendants of Israel were counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when they counted the descendants of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 26 65 zm6j figs-doublenegatives 0 There was not a man left among them, except The word “them” refers to all of the people who were counted in the wilderness of Sinai. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “The only ones who were still alive were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
NUM 26 65 sl65 0 son of Jephunneh Jephunneh was Caleb’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:6](../13/06.md).
|
||||
NUM 26 65 j2tl 0 son of Nun Nun was Joshua’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 11:28](../11/28.md).
|
||||
NUM 27 intro g57e 0 # Numbers 27 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Daughters<br>The daughters of Korah received no land because their father was punished by Yahweh. Yahweh still graciously gave them their father’s portion of land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]])<br><br>### The new leader is Joshua<br><br>God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh’s anointed leader. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]])
|
||||
NUM 27 1 r2z7 0 Then to Moses came the daughters of Zelophehad … son of Joseph “Then the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh, of the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph came to Moses.” This tells us the genealogy of Zelophehad.
|
||||
NUM 27 1 xh5x 0 Zelophehad son of Hepher … Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md).
|
||||
NUM 27 1 f1ul 0 Gilead … Machir See how you translated these men’s names in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md).
|
||||
NUM 27 2 ma3g 0 They stood “The daughters of Zelophehad stood”
|
||||
NUM 27 3 a6nu figs-explicit 0 who conspired against Yahweh in the company of Korah The people in the company of Korah gathered together and rebelled against Yahweh. Yahweh caused them to die, because of their sin. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “who died because they were among Korah’s followers who rebelled against Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 27 3 tn9z 0 for his own sin “because of his own sin”
|
||||
NUM 27 4 g3j5 figs-rquestion 0 Why should our father’s name be taken away from among his clan members because he had no son? At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this question to suggest that they should receive the inheritance and continue the family clan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not remove our father’s name from the clan members just because he did not have a son.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 27 4 xm1p figs-explicit 0 Give us land among our father’s relatives This means that they are asking to inherit land near where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Give us land where our father’s relatives live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 27 7 nrv6 figs-explicit 0 among their father’s relatives This means that they will be inherit land where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “where their father’s relatives live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 27 9 u4h7 0 General Information: This continues God’s law about who will receive land if a man does not have any sons.
|
||||
NUM 27 11 j9yd figs-activepassive 0 be a law established by decree for the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “be a law that all the people of Israel must obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 27 11 l371 0 has commanded me Here “me” refers to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 27 12 qn5k translate-names 0 mountains of Abarim This is a range of mountains in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 27 12 ak5m figs-metaphor 0 that I have given to the people of Israel Here Yahweh speaks about the land that his is giving the Israel as if he has already given it to them. He speaks this way to emphasize that his committed to give it to them. Alternate translation: “that I will give to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 27 13 q4kv figs-euphemism 0 you, too, must be gathered to your people This is a euphemism that means Moses will die and his spirit will go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “you must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 27 13 r7vj figs-ellipsis 0 like Aaron your brother You can make clear the understood information that Aaron died. Alternate translation: “like your older brother Aaron died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 27 14 le2i 0 you two rebelled This refers to Moses and Aaron.
|
||||
NUM 27 14 wu26 0 wilderness of Zin See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 13:21](../13/21.md).
|
||||
NUM 27 14 uty1 figs-explicit 0 when the water flowed from the rock, in your anger This refers to an event when Yahweh made water miraculously flow out of a rock. God told Moses to speak to the rock. Instead, Moses hit the rock because he was angry with the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 27 14 xyy8 0 you failed to honor me as holy “you did not treat me as holy”
|
||||
NUM 27 14 a4ny figs-synecdoche 0 before the eyes of the whole community Here the people of the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “in front of the whole community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 27 14 u1wv 0 waters of Meribah See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 20:13](../20/13.md).
|
||||
NUM 27 16 z8x6 figs-synecdoche 0 the God of the spirits of all humanity This could mean: (1) here “spirits” refers to all people.” Alternate translation: “the God over all of humanity” or (2) the reference to “spirits” refers to God having given life and breath to all people. Alternate translation: “the God who gives breath to all people” or “the God who give life to all humanity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 27 16 zz8p figs-idiom 0 a man over the community To be “over” a group of people means to have authority to lead them. Alternate translation: “a man to lead the community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 27 17 s1me figs-idiom 0 a man who may go out and come in before them and lead them out and bring them in This is an idiom that means a person who will lead all the people and also lead the army into battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 27 17 t27b figs-simile 0 so that your community is not like sheep that have no shepherd This is a simile that means without a leader the people will wander and be helpless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 27 18 t7dn 0 Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom my Spirit lives Yahweh’s Spirit is in Joshua, meaning that Joshua obeys Yahweh and follows his commands.
|
||||
NUM 27 18 p1rd translate-symaction 0 lay your hand on him This is a sign of dedicating someone to God’s service. Alternate translation: “lay your hand on him to appoint him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 27 19 naq8 figs-synecdoche 0 command him before their eyes to lead them Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “in front of all of them command Joshua to lead the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 27 20 k5gg 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about Joshua.
|
||||
NUM 27 20 k5n4 figs-metaphor 0 You must put some of your authority on him Here Yahweh speaks of Moses giving some of his authority to Joshua as if it were an article of clothing that he could put on him. Alternate translation: “You should give him some of your authority” or “Let him decide what the people should do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 27 21 xn7p translate-unknown 0 Urim This was a sacred stone that the High Priest wore on his chest plate. He used it to determine God’s will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
NUM 27 21 p15t figs-merism 0 It will be at his command that the people will go out and come in This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the community of Israel. “Going out” and “coming in” are two opposite commands used to emphasize that he will have full command over their movements. Alternate translation: “He will command the community’s movements” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
NUM 27 21 h413 figs-parallelism 0 both he and all the people of Israel with him, the whole community Both of these phrases mean the same thing, and they are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “both he and the entire nation of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 27 22 bms6 0 placed him before “told him to stand in front of”
|
||||
NUM 27 23 gcp5 0 He laid his hands on him and commanded him to lead “He” refers to Moses, and “him” refers to Joshua.
|
||||
NUM 27 23 cb8n translate-symaction 0 He laid his hands on him The laying on of hands was a way of setting a person apart to do a special task for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
NUM 27 23 nk4a figs-ellipsis 0 to lead You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate translation: “to lead the people” or “to be the leader of the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 27 23 cw8h 0 as Yahweh had commanded him to do Here “him” refers to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 28 intro yh9y 0 # Numbers 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Offerings for special days<br><br>God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstfruit]])
|
||||
NUM 28 2 vl5n 0 at the appointed times “at the times that I haven chosen”
|
||||
NUM 28 2 d2nc figs-activepassive 0 the food of my offerings made by fire to produce This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the food offerings that you will burn on the altar produce” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 2 ii63 0 a sweet aroma for me “a smell I enjoy”
|
||||
NUM 28 3 bba3 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 3 ng8v figs-activepassive 0 the offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. “the burnt offering” or “the offering you have burned by fire on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 5 xae3 figs-activepassive 0 mixed with This can be stated in active form. “which you have mixed with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 5 n3fd translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 5 y354 translate-fraction 0 one-fourth of a hin “One-fourth” means one part out of four equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 5 gu2x 0 beaten oil “pressed oil” or “pure olive oil.” This refers to oil that has been pressed out of olives.
|
||||
NUM 28 6 r7yz figs-activepassive 0 that was commanded at Mount Sinai This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh commanded at Mount Sinai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 6 i5mv figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 7 j24a translate-fraction 0 one-fourth of a hin “One-fourth” means one part out of four equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 7 uf3m figs-explicit 0 You must pour out in the holy place a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh This sentence describes the drink offering that is to accompany the lamb. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “It must be a drink offering of strong drink and you must pour it out in the holy place to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 28 8 sd8n figs-activepassive 0 like the one offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “like the one you offered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 9 uvp3 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 9 nv9k translate-fraction 0 two-tenths of an ephah “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” or “two tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 9 l25u figs-activepassive 0 mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 9 rgb3 figs-explicit 0 the drink offering with it Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the drink offering that accompanies it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 28 11 cda3 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 12 rs1i translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah “Three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 12 sa2r figs-activepassive 0 mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 12 vr13 figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths of fine flour The words “of an ephah” are understood and may stated clearly. “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters of fine flour” or “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 13 kh7w translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 13 sbx3 figs-activepassive 0 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 14 fi54 translate-fraction 0 half a hin “Half” means one part out of two equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters” or “half a hin (which is two liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 14 uy8x translate-fraction 0 a third of a hin “One third of a hin.” “A third” means one part out of three equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “1.2 liters” or “One and one-fifth liters” or “half a hin (which is 1.2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 14 t84u translate-fraction 0 one-fourth of a hin “One-fourth” means one part out of four equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 15 pi9d figs-activepassive 0 One male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 16 bny7 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 16 vq3q translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month “During the first month, on day 14 of the month.” This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 28 16 k2hc 0 comes Yahweh’s Passover “you must celebrate Yahweh’s Passover”
|
||||
NUM 28 17 agz5 translate-hebrewmonths 0 On the fifteenth day of this month “On day 15 day of this month.” This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 28 17 l12w figs-activepassive 0 a feast is to be held This can be stated in active form. “you must have a feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 17 gw3f figs-activepassive 0 bread without yeast must be eaten This can be stated in active form. “you must eat bread without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 18 jgc4 translate-ordinal 0 On the first day This refers to the first day of the feast. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “On day 1 of the feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 28 18 wcl9 0 there must be a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “you must gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 28 19 ne82 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 19 v698 figs-activepassive 0 you must offer a sacrifice made by fire, a burnt offering The idea of “burnt” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn an offering on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 20 ztc9 translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah “Three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 20 nb8c figs-activepassive 0 mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 20 lcc6 figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated. “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters of fine flour” or “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 21 u36t translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 22 ma18 figs-abstractnouns 0 to make atonement The phrase “make atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 28 23 u3dt figs-activepassive 0 required each morning This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh requires each morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 24 whx2 figs-activepassive 0 As described here This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “As I, Yahweh, have described here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 24 dh1t figs-activepassive 0 the food of the offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn the food offering on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 24 zv8n 0 a sweet aroma for Yahweh “as a sweet aroma for Yahweh”
|
||||
NUM 28 24 g7rd figs-activepassive 0 It must be offered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must offer it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 25 niw8 0 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 28 26 x4se 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 26 m6k3 0 the day of the firstfruits “the day of the firstfruits, that is the day.” This refers to the day during the Festival of Weeks when they offer the grain offering to Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 28 26 bm4a 0 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 28 28 hu83 figs-activepassive 0 mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 28 p6rr translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah “Three tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 28 w5qw translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah “Three tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 28 qfh5 figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters of fine flour” or “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 29 d6vj 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 28 29 tdh2 translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 28 29 t9h7 figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you mix with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 28 30 yj1e figs-abstractnouns 0 to make atonement The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 28 31 k54h figs-possession 0 their drink offerings This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the drink offerings that are offered with them” or “the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 intro gs9v 0 # Numbers 29 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days.
|
||||
NUM 29 1 n5nd 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 29 1 wr36 translate-hebrewmonths 0 In the seventh month, on the first day of the month This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “On day 1 of month 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 1 c4iy 0 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 29 1 d1mb figs-synecdoche 0 It will be a day when you blow trumpets The word “you” refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: “It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 29 2 f95f 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 29 3 k2nl figs-possession 0 their grain offering This refers to the grain offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings that are offered with them” or “the grain offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 3 mh5z figs-activepassive 0 mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 3 yys9 translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah The phrase “of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. “Three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters of fine flour mixed with oil” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 3 c9pg figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. “Two tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters of fine flour mixed with oil” or “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 4 chq7 translate-fraction 0 one-tenth The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. “One-tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour mixed with oil” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 5 b36k figs-abstractnouns 0 to make atonement The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 29 6 p8f6 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the seventh month … the first of each month “in month 7…day 1 of each month.” The word “month” refers to a month of the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 6 frt3 0 of each month: the special burnt offering … with it “of each month--the special burnt offering … with it.” This is the offering that is made on the first day of each month.
|
||||
NUM 29 6 h1cf figs-possession 0 the regular burnt offering, its grain offering, and its drink offerings This refers to the offerings the priests were to give every day. The grain offering and drink offering were to be offered with the regular burnt offering. Alternate translation: “the regular burnt offering, with the grain offering and drink offerings that accompany it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 6 nh25 figs-activepassive 0 you will obey what has been decreed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will obey Yahweh’s decree” or “you will obey what Yahweh had decreed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 6 kle9 figs-activepassive 0 an offering made by fire to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 7 dds2 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 29 7 v8xp translate-hebrewmonths 0 the tenth day of the seventh month “day 10 of month 7” The word “month” refers to those in the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 7 dka4 0 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 29 9 k4tv figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 9 ufz8 translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah “Three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 9 bde9 figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repeated here. “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters” or “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 10 n1nx translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 11 ray5 figs-abstractnouns 0 of atonement The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “that atones for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
NUM 29 11 cc81 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 12 nai8 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 29 12 kw4n translate-hebrewmonths 0 the fifteenth day of the seventh month “day 15 of month 7.” The word “month” refer to those in the Hebrew calendar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 12 e72q 0 have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh.” The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event.
|
||||
NUM 29 12 e2ym figs-idiom 0 you must keep the festival for him This is an idiom. Here the word “keep” means to observe or celebrate. The word “him” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must observe the festival for Yahweh” or “you must celebrate the festival for Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 29 13 lh4l figs-activepassive 0 a sacrifice made by fire This can be stated in active form. “you must burn it on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 13 u88p translate-numbers 0 thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs “13 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 14 ja5h figs-activepassive 0 fine flour mixed with oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 14 idt9 translate-fraction 0 three-tenths of an ephah The phrase “of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence and can be repeated. “Three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters of fine flour mixed with oil” or “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 14 hgf4 translate-numbers 0 thirteen bulls “13 bulls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 14 qmq4 figs-ellipsis 0 two-tenths The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. “Two-tenths” means two parts out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters of fine flour” or “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 15 jj7t translate-numbers 0 fourteen lambs “14 lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 15 qqa5 translate-fraction 0 a tenth of an ephah The phrase “of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. “A tenth” means one part out of ten equal parts. This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
NUM 29 16 vxx2 0 its grain offering, and the drink offering with it The grain offering and drink offering accompany the regular burnt offering.
|
||||
NUM 29 17 r62t translate-ordinal 0 On the second day of the assembly “On day 2 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 17 dus6 translate-numbers 0 twelve young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs “12 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 18 sk9u figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 19 f57m figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. Drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 20 mi8p translate-ordinal 0 the third day of the assembly “day 3 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 20 r4i9 translate-numbers 0 eleven bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs “11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 21 q47t figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 22 fe9m figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 23 g35h 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do during the festival in the seventh month.
|
||||
NUM 29 23 kxu3 translate-ordinal 0 the fourth day of the assembly “day 4 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 23 v266 translate-numbers 0 fourteen male lambs “14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 24 g8rl figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 25 y2d2 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 26 jr4e translate-ordinal 0 the fifth day of the assembly “day 5 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 26 wa33 translate-numbers 0 fourteen male lambs “14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 27 y83f figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 28 dde7 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 29 l7vr translate-ordinal 0 the sixth day of the assembly “day 6 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 29 dix2 translate-numbers 0 fourteen male lambs “14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 30 x5lx figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 31 mq57 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 32 mwy5 translate-ordinal 0 the seventh day of the assembly “day 7 of the festival.” Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 32 x55k translate-numbers 0 fourteen male lambs “14 male lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 29 33 rxm4 figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 34 vk22 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 35 a9cf 0 General Information: Yahweh tells Moses what the people must do after the seven-day festival in the seventh month.
|
||||
NUM 29 35 hs6t translate-ordinal 0 eighth day This “eighth” is the ordinal number for eight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 29 35 x6n9 0 have another solemn assembly “gather together again to worship Yahweh.” This is another assembly similar to the one on the first day of the festival.
|
||||
NUM 29 36 h37k figs-activepassive 0 an offering made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn it on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 37 hc7w figs-possession 0 their grain offering and their drink offerings These offerings were to be offered with the bull, the ram, and the lambs. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings and the drink offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 37 m6nc figs-activepassive 0 as were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 29 38 nyr3 figs-possession 0 its grain offering, and their drink offerings The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
NUM 29 39 zpq3 0 These are what you must offer “These offerings are what you must offer”
|
||||
NUM 29 39 y3wf 0 fixed festivals “planned festivals.” These are festivals that occurred at regularly scheduled times. The word “fixed” means “set” or “predetermined.”
|
||||
NUM 30 intro e9dr 0 # Numbers 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Vows<br><br>Because a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A father or a husband has one day in which to cancel a woman’s vow. Otherwise, she must do what she vowed she would do. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
NUM 30 2 n92a 0 a man makes a vow The words “a man” refer to any man, not one particular man. It refers only to men and does not include women. Alternate translation: “any man”
|
||||
NUM 30 2 yep5 figs-metaphor 0 to bind himself with a binding promise Here Moses speaks of a person promising to do something as if his promise were a physical object that he ties to himself. Alternate translation: “committing to fulfill a promise” or “promising to do something” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 2 d5ft figs-parallelism 0 he must not break his word. He must keep his promise to do everything that comes out of his mouth These two sentences have similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that he must fulfill his promises. Here “word” is a metonym that refers to what he said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 30 2 nf8m figs-metaphor 0 he must not break his word The phrase “his word” refers to a man’s oaths and vows. Here Moses speaks of not fulfilling these as if they were physical objects that the man could break. Alternate translation: “he must fulfill his promises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 30 2 krx2 figs-metonymy 0 everything that comes out of his mouth Here the word “mouth” is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate translation: “to do everything that he says he will do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 30 3 rh7v figs-metaphor 0 binds herself with a promise Here Moses speaks of a woman promising to do something as if her promise were a physical object that she ties to herself. Alternate translation: “commits herself to fulfilling a promise” or “promises to do something” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 4 u957 figs-doublet 0 the vow and the promise These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “the vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 30 4 xw8r figs-metaphor 0 by which she has bound herself Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 4 c1r2 0 he says nothing to reverse her “he does not cancel what she has said”
|
||||
NUM 30 4 vp6b figs-idiom 0 will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 5 m6gk figs-doublet 0 her vows or the pledges These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “her vows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
NUM 30 5 u255 figs-idiom 0 will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 5 r6kd figs-explicit 0 Yahweh will release her This refers to Yahweh forgiving her for not fulfilling her vows. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 30 6 qq7y 0 rash something done without thinking
|
||||
NUM 30 6 r4gc figs-metaphor 0 by which she has bound herself Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “which she has committed herself to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 7 s8e5 figs-ellipsis 0 says nothing to her You may need to specify that he says nothing to her about her vow. Alternate translation: “says nothing to her about her vow” or “does not tell her to have Yahweh release her from the vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 30 7 nh9k figs-metaphor 0 by which she bound herself Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 7 vj3j figs-idiom 0 will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4] (./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 8 n9fw figs-parallelism 0 the vow that she has made … the rash talk of her lips “the vow that she has made … that is, the rash talk of her lips.” These two phrases refer to the same thing. The second phrase describes the vow that the woman made. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
NUM 30 8 j925 figs-synecdoche 0 the rash talk of her lips The phrase “the rash talk” refers to the rash promise that she made. Here “her lips” means the woman herself. She is referred to as “her lips” because lips are related to what she says. Alternate translation: “the rash things she has said” or “her rash promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 30 8 pen9 figs-metaphor 0 with which she has bound herself Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 8 dgy8 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will release her Here Moses speaks about Yahweh forgiving the woman for not fulfilling her vow as if he were releasing her from something that bound her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her” or “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 30 9 g5l3 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the leaders of the tribes what Yahweh has commanded.
|
||||
NUM 30 9 vr6d figs-activepassive 0 a divorced woman This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a woman whom a man has divorced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 30 9 aab4 figs-idiom 0 will stand against her This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 10 svt7 figs-explicit 0 If a woman made a vow in her husband’s house This refers to a married woman. You can make the meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “If a married woman makes a vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 30 11 m4jf figs-idiom 0 then all her vows will stand This is an idiom. The phrase “will stand” means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 30:4](../30/04.md). Alternate translation: “then she must fulfill all her vows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 12 p61z figs-metonymy 0 then whatever came out of her lips Here what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate translation: “then whatever she said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 30 12 r31m figs-idiom 0 will not stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will not remain in effect and she will be not required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). Alternate translation: “she will not be obligated to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 12 g6ze figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will release her Here Moses speaks about Yahweh forgiving the woman for not fulfilling her vow as if he were releasing her from something that bound her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her” or “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 30 13 rng1 0 binding oath to afflict her an oath by which the woman says that unless she fulfills the oath, God or other poeple have the right to afflict her
|
||||
NUM 30 14 sq3z figs-metaphor 0 binding promises Moses describes a woman’s promises as if they were something that she is physically bound by. Alternate translation: “obligations” or “promises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 30 14 ntv6 figs-idiom 0 will stand This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in [Numbers 30:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 30 14 w9nv figs-ellipsis 0 because he has said nothing to her You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “because he has said nothing to her about them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
NUM 30 15 z7x5 figs-explicit 0 then he will be responsible for her guilt This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 31 intro p1di 0 # Numbers 31 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Midianites<br><br>Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahweh’s command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
NUM 31 2 u6qq 0 Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols.
|
||||
NUM 31 2 l7s2 figs-parallelism 0 you will die and be gathered to your people These two phrases mean basically the same thing. This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 31 3 z1v2 0 Arm some of your men for war “Give weapons to some of your men”
|
||||
NUM 31 3 jkm1 0 go against Midian and carry out Yahweh’s vengeance on it “go fight a war against the Midianites and punish them for what they did to us”
|
||||
NUM 31 4 zf2p translate-numbers 0 a thousand “1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 5 i7mh translate-numbers 0 twelve thousand “12,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 5 i3cm 0 Israel’s thousands of men “the thousands of Israel’s men”
|
||||
NUM 31 5 bef8 figs-activepassive 0 one thousand was provided from each tribe This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “every tribe sent 1,000 men to war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 5 qqa6 figs-explicit 0 twelve thousand men armed for war All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 31 8 n3ta translate-names 0 Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba These are names of kings of Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 31 8 e2d3 0 Balaam son of Beor Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in [Numbers 22:5](../22/05.md).
|
||||
NUM 31 9 y5k2 0 They took these as plunder “They took the Midianites’ possessions as their own”
|
||||
NUM 31 10 xji1 0 They burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps “Israel’s army burned all the Midianites’ cities where the Midianites lived and all the Midianites’ camps”
|
||||
NUM 31 11 yll7 0 They took “The army of Israel took”
|
||||
NUM 31 11 ghi1 0 plunder This refers to the material goods they recovered from killing the Midianite men.
|
||||
NUM 31 12 zi9f 0 plains a large area of flat land
|
||||
NUM 31 14 r7xx translate-numbers 0 the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders of large military divisions and the captains of smaller military divisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 15 q7z6 figs-rquestion 0 Have you let all the women live? The law was explicit on who would be permitted to live. The army violated the law by allowing all the women and children to live. This was a rebuke to the army leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 31 16 zwr2 figs-idiom 0 Look This word is used here to draw the audience’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 31 17 x8nq figs-euphemism 0 has known a man by lying with him “has had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 31 18 f9zv 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the commanders of the Israelite army about becoming clean before God.
|
||||
NUM 31 18 m1ae figs-euphemism 0 who have not known a man by lying with him “who have not had sexual relations with any man.” This refers to girls who were virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 31 19 esz2 0 All of you Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders.
|
||||
NUM 31 19 u6bv 0 you must purify yourselves They must become spiritually clean again before entering the camp.
|
||||
NUM 31 20 bml5 figs-activepassive 0 everything made of animal hide and goats’ hair, and everything made of wood This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that someone has made of animal hide, goats’ hair, or wood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 21 se97 0 General Information: Eleazar teaches the soldiers the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh after going to war.
|
||||
NUM 31 22 m16e 0 gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead metals that were used during that time period
|
||||
NUM 31 23 t8y8 0 that resists fire “that will not burn”
|
||||
NUM 31 23 an62 0 put it through the fire “put it into the fire”
|
||||
NUM 31 23 lv3d 0 water of cleansing This refers to water that someone has mixed with ashes from a sin offering. See: [Numbers 19:17-19](../19/17.md).
|
||||
NUM 31 24 y8tf 0 then you will become clean These are the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 31 26 gv9a figs-activepassive 0 Count all the plundered things that were taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Count all of the possessions that the soldiers took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 26 i5qv 0 the leaders of the community’s ancestor’s clans “the leaders of each clan”
|
||||
NUM 31 28 f8wf 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. The word “me” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 31 28 ar4h figs-activepassive 0 Then levy a tax to be given to me from the soldiers who went out to battle This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Collect a tax from the soldiers’ plunder and give it to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 28 hv3b translate-numbers 0 every five hundred “every 500” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 29 w6nr 0 from their half “from the soldiers’ half”
|
||||
NUM 31 29 eds7 figs-activepassive 0 to be presented to me This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which he will present to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 30 x2qb 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 31 30 e7ze 0 Also from the people of Israel’s half “Also from the people of Israel’s half of the plunder”
|
||||
NUM 31 30 s2xh 0 who take care those who oversee and maintain the tabernacle and sacrifices to Yahweh
|
||||
NUM 31 32 s6hw 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Moses begins listing the amount of plunder and how much went to the soldiers, to the people, and to Yahweh.
|
||||
NUM 31 32 jc9u translate-numbers 0 675,000 sheep “six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 33 en2l translate-numbers 0 seventy-two thousand oxen “72,000 oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 34 m1fr translate-numbers 0 sixty-one thousand donkeys “61,000 donkeys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 35 mz61 translate-numbers 0 thirty-two thousand women “32,000 women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 35 h8xs figs-euphemism 0 women who had not known a man by lying with him “women who had no had sexual relations with a man.” This refers to women who are virgins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
NUM 31 36 k5us translate-numbers 0 General Information: Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 36 hx4b figs-activepassive 0 The half that was kept for the soldiers This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The soldiers’ part of the sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 36 xz5a translate-numbers 0 337,000 sheep “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 37 kxp6 translate-numbers 0 was 675 “was six hundred and seventy-five” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 38 tpd3 translate-numbers 0 thirty-six thousand 36,000 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 38 yn5y translate-numbers 0 seventy-two 72 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 39 id45 translate-numbers 0 General Information: Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 39 vj4q translate-numbers 0 were 30,500 “were thirty thousand five hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 39 ryh3 translate-numbers 0 sixty-one 61 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 40 p6gv translate-numbers 0 sixteen thousand 16,000 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 40 db8h translate-numbers 0 thirty-two 32 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 41 t161 figs-activepassive 0 to be an offering presented to Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to be an offering to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 31 42 uzx5 translate-numbers 0 General Information: Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 43 tq4z translate-numbers 0 337,500 sheep “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 44 iiy9 translate-numbers 0 thirty-six thousand oxen 36,000 oxen (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 46 ad6b translate-numbers 0 sixteen thousand women “16,000 women.” It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 31 47 kg6l translate-numbers 0 General Information: Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 47 kg6m translate-numbers 0 General Information: The tax on the people’s portion was higher than the tax on the soldiers’ portion.
|
||||
NUM 31 48 vf7u translate-numbers 0 the commanders over thousands and the captains over hundreds This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the captains over 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders over large military divisions and the captains over smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 31:14](../31/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 49 f2pw 0 Your servants have counted The commanders refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority.
|
||||
NUM 31 49 v7td figs-litotes 0 not one man is missing This can be stated in a positive statement. “we know for certain that every man is here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
NUM 31 50 xin3 0 General Information: The officers of the army continue speaking to Moses.
|
||||
NUM 31 50 a59f 0 armlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and necklaces These are all types of jewelry that people wore.
|
||||
NUM 31 50 zw94 0 to make atonement for ourselves before Yahweh “to thank God for saving our lives”
|
||||
NUM 31 51 q5dj 0 the gold and all the articles of craftsmanship “all the articles of gold” or “all the golden jewelry”
|
||||
NUM 31 52 grf3 0 All the gold of the offering that they gave to Yahweh—the offerings from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds—weighed “All the gold of the offering that the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds gave to Yahweh weighed”
|
||||
NUM 31 52 qri3 translate-numbers 0 from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and from the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of large military divisions and from the captains of smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 31:14](../31/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 52 b57h translate-numbers 0 16750 “sixteen thousand, seven hundred and fifty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 31 52 gj47 translate-bmoney 0 shekels A shekel is 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
|
||||
NUM 31 54 r1uq 0 as a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites.
|
||||
NUM 32 intro yg1s 0 # Numbers 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Reuben and Gad’s inheritance<br><br>Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
NUM 32 1 t4bt writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
NUM 32 3 dwl6 translate-names 0 Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 4 fd7v 0 General Information: The people from Reuben and Gad continue speaking to Moses, Eleazar, and the other leaders.
|
||||
NUM 32 4 t4lw figs-metaphor 0 the lands that Yahweh attacked before the community of Israel Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is spoken of as if Yahweh went before the Israelites and attacked the people. Alternate translation: “the lands where Yahweh enabled us to defeat the people living there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 4 a77c 0 We, your servants The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority.
|
||||
NUM 32 5 pl1g figs-idiom 0 If we have found favor in your eyes Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that the leaders are pleased with them. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor with you” or “If you are pleased with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 5 q5ik figs-activepassive 0 let this land be given to us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “give this land to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 5 gd1t figs-explicit 0 Do not make us cross over the Jordan They wanted the land on the east side of the Jordan River instead of crossing over to the west side and claiming land there. Alternate translation: “Do not make us cross over the Jordan to take possession of land on that side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 32 6 sua3 figs-rquestion 0 Should your brothers go to war while you settle down here? Moses asks this question to rebuke the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “It is wrong for you to settle down in this land while your brothers go to war.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 32 7 c23x figs-rquestion 0 Why discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them? Moses asks this question to correct the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “Do not discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” or “Your actions would discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
NUM 32 7 yrl5 figs-synecdoche 0 discourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the people of Israel from going” or “cause the people of Israel to not want to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 32 8 v1cy 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Reuben and Gad.
|
||||
NUM 32 9 ge3e translate-names 0 Valley of Eshkol This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Numbers 13:23](../13/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 9 jta2 figs-explicit 0 They saw the land This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: “They saw the strong people and cities in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 32 9 z21f figs-synecdoche 0 discouraged the hearts of the people of Israel Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. See how you translated this in [Numbers 32:7](../32/07.md). Alternate translation: “discouraged the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
NUM 32 10 hpu7 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh’s anger was kindled Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that begins to burn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 11 wb16 0 none of the men “none of the people.” This phrase refers to both men and women.
|
||||
NUM 32 11 m7bw translate-numbers 0 twenty years old and up “20 years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 32 11 a6wn figs-metaphor 0 completely followed me Being devoted to Yahweh and obeying him are spoken of as if they were following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “completely obeyed me” or “been completely devoted to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 12 m62i translate-names 0 Jephunneh … Nun These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 12 dt3y translate-names 0 Kenizzite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 13 n7kk figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh’s anger was kindled against Israel Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that begins to burn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 13 qr9t translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 32 13 mca3 figs-activepassive 0 all the generation … sight was destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he destroyed all the generation … sight” or “all the generation … sight had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 13 z1be figs-idiom 0 who had done evil in his sight Being in someone’s sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: “who had done evil before Yahweh” or “who had done evil in Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 32 14 j6ik figs-metaphor 0 you have risen up in your fathers’ place The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if they were standing in the place where their ancestors did. Alternate translation: “you have begun to act just like your ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 14 t3rd figs-metaphor 0 to add to Yahweh’s burning anger toward Israel The people causing Yahweh to become angrier is spoken of as if his anger was a fire and the people are adding more fuel to that fire. Alternate translation: “to cause Yahweh to be even more angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 15 n14t 0 all this people “this entire people” or “all this generation of people”
|
||||
NUM 32 17 ni8k 0 will be ready and armed “will be ready with weapons” or “will be ready to fight a war”
|
||||
NUM 32 17 c639 0 in the fortified cities “in the secured cities”
|
||||
NUM 32 18 lu48 0 General Information: The leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking.
|
||||
NUM 32 18 k2zl figs-metaphor 0 has obtained his inheritance The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “has taken possession of his portion of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 20 s681 0 if you arm yourselves “if you take your weapons”
|
||||
NUM 32 20 sb1z figs-idiom 0 before Yahweh This means Yahweh will go with them to battle and enable them to defeat their enemy and take their land. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 32 21 w22a figs-metaphor 0 until he has driven out his enemies from before him “until Yahweh has driven out his enemies from his presence.” The pronouns here all refer to Yahweh. Yahweh enabling the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were fighting their battles. Alternate translation: “until Yahweh has enabled your soldiers to defeat the enemy and force them away from his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 22 he19 figs-metonymy 0 the land is subdued before him Here the word “land” refers to the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in his presence the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 22 i7x4 figs-explicit 0 you may return It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “you may return to this land on the east side of the Jordan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 32 22 rj5v 0 You will be guiltless toward Yahweh and toward Israel This could mean: (1) “You will have fulfilled your obligation to Yahweh and to Israel” or (2) “There will be nothing for which Yahweh or the people of Israel can blame you.”
|
||||
NUM 32 23 g2nz figs-personification 0 Be sure that your sin will find you out Moses speaks of sin as if it were a person who will condemn the guilty person. This means that the people cannot escape the punishment that their sin deserves. Alternate translation: “Know for sure that Yahweh will punish you for your sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
NUM 32 25 ygw2 0 Your servants The people of Gad and Reuben refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority.
|
||||
NUM 32 27 j571 figs-explicit 0 will cross over You can make it clear that they will cross over the Jordan. Alternate translation: “will cross over the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 32 27 w8i3 0 every man who is armed for war “every man prepared for war”
|
||||
NUM 32 29 ml25 0 every man who is armed “every man who is ready with his weapon”
|
||||
NUM 32 29 x7ul figs-activepassive 0 if the land is subdued before you Here the word “land” refers to the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if Yahweh subdues before you the people living in the land” or “if they help you subdue the people living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 30 c7xh 0 then they will acquire their possessions among you in the land of Canaan “then the descendants of Gad and Reuben will receive land with you in Canaan”
|
||||
NUM 32 32 v4jp figs-explicit 0 We will cross over armed You can make it clear that they will cross the Jordan. Alternate translation: “We will cross over the Jordan ready to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 32 32 zxx7 figs-metaphor 0 our possessed inheritance The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “the portion of land that we will possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 32 32 p5vi figs-idiom 0 will remain with us This idiom refers to ownership. Alternate translation: “will be ours” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 32 33 d9qr figs-ellipsis 0 the kingdom of Sihon … and of Og These are names of kings who ruled two separate kingdoms. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Sihon … and the kingdom of Og” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 34 x51u translate-names 0 Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 35 h5rs translate-names 0 Atroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 36 q92b translate-names 0 Beth Nimrah, and Beth Haran These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 37 ln11 translate-names 0 Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 38 du4l translate-names 0 Nebo, Baal Meon … Sibmah These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 38 a8pp figs-activepassive 0 their names were later changed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people later changed the names of these cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 32 39 we8f 0 Machir This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md).
|
||||
NUM 32 41 h5li translate-names 0 Jair This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 41 mn6c translate-names 0 Havvoth Jair This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 42 rm3m translate-names 0 Nobah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 32 42 r3cx translate-names 0 Kenath This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 intro s7u7 0 # Numbers 33 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a summary of Israel’s exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase “they set out” means “they left.”
|
||||
NUM 33 1 va6t 0 by their armed groups “by their military divisions.” This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated “armed groups” in [Numbers 1:3](../01/03.md).
|
||||
NUM 33 2 gx4i figs-activepassive 0 as commanded by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 33 2 y7p2 0 departure after departure “from one place to another place”
|
||||
NUM 33 3 ak5s translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 3 na6v translate-hebrewmonths 0 during the first month, leaving on the fifteenth day of the first month Here “first” is the ordinal number one and “fifteenth” is the ordinal number fifteen. This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 33 3 gaw7 0 the people of Israel left openly, in the sight of all the Egyptians “the Israelites left in plain view of the Egyptians”
|
||||
NUM 33 4 gt7n figs-explicit 0 their firstborn This refers to the firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “their firstborn sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 33 4 nq9p figs-metaphor 0 he also inflicted punishment on their gods Yahweh proving that he is more powerful than all of the false gods that the Egyptians worshiped is spoken of as if Yahweh punished those false gods. Alternate translation: “he also proved that he is greater than their gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 33 5 wdj9 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 5 tm1p 0 set out from “departed from”
|
||||
NUM 33 6 y8bu 0 on the edge of the wilderness “on the border of the wilderness”
|
||||
NUM 33 8 bu1s translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 8 j48d 0 passed through the middle of the sea This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army.
|
||||
NUM 33 9 ii9y translate-numbers 0 twelve springs … seventy palm trees “12 springs…70 palm trees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 33 11 x491 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 14 f1vp figs-activepassive 0 where no water was found for the people to drink This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where the people could not find water to drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 33 15 u8kr translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 19 mm4x translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 23 q827 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 27 ii4p translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 31 gpz3 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 35 uzs2 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 38 sp6v translate-ordinal 0 in the fortieth year after Here “fortieth” is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: “40 years after” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 33 38 lpa5 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the fifth month, on the first day of the month This “fifth” is the ordinal number for five. This “first” is the ordinal number for one. This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
NUM 33 39 sx7z translate-numbers 0 123 years old “one hundred and twenty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 33 40 b5x6 0 The Canaanite, the king of Arad “The Canaanite king of Arad”
|
||||
NUM 33 40 fa11 translate-names 0 Arad This was the name of a Canaanite city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 40 tp5h 0 heard of the coming of the people of Israel “heard that the people of Israel were coming”
|
||||
NUM 33 41 ug4w translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 44 b2kj translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 47 ilj5 translate-names 0 General Information: Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 33 48 hc7z 0 plains a large area of flat land
|
||||
NUM 33 52 ua9d 0 demolish all their high places “destroy all of their high places”
|
||||
NUM 33 53 wt1a 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 33 54 q2gz figs-metaphor 0 inherit the land The Israelites claiming the land as their permanent possession is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 33 54 m66j 0 Wherever the lot falls to each clan, that land will belong to it “Each clan will receive the land according to how the lot falls”
|
||||
NUM 33 55 ebs2 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 33 55 l4n8 figs-simile 0 like objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides Just like a small object in a person’s eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
NUM 34 intro z166 0 # Numbers 34 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 34:19-28 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### The boundaries<br>Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])
|
||||
NUM 34 3 c7ax 0 wilderness of Zin See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 33:12](../33/12.md).
|
||||
NUM 34 4 i8yz translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 6 aj34 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites.
|
||||
NUM 34 7 pzt2 translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 7 ucc8 0 Mount Hor See how you translated this name in [Numbers 20:22](../20/22.md).
|
||||
NUM 34 10 zu3a translate-names 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses where the borders are for the land that he is giving to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 13 v8m7 0 to the nine tribes and to the half tribe This means the remaining tribes of Israel who will live on the west side of the Jordan River in the land of Canaan. The tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh had already received their land on the east side of the Jordan River.
|
||||
NUM 34 14 t2jx 0 following the assignment of property to their ancestor’s tribe “according to how Yahweh assigned the property to their ancestor’s tribe”
|
||||
NUM 34 15 e78v 0 The two tribes and the half tribe “The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh”
|
||||
NUM 34 17 dt2u figs-you 0 divide the land for your inheritance Here “your” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. These men will cast lots to divide the land. Then they will distribute it to the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
NUM 34 19 d75w translate-names 0 General Information: This is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 21 ddd5 translate-names 0 General Information: This continues the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 24 jyl2 translate-names 0 General Information: This continues the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 34 27 hsm6 translate-names 0 General Information: This concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 35 intro rg3i 0 # Numbers 35 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Revenge<br>Yahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
NUM 35 1 z6sc 0 plains a large area of flat land
|
||||
NUM 35 2 ww25 0 give some of their own shares of land to the Levites Yahweh did not give the Levites their own land, so they had to live in cities that belonged to other tribes.
|
||||
NUM 35 2 hlb8 0 pastureland an area of land where animals feed on grass
|
||||
NUM 35 4 fb2e translate-numbers 0 one thousand cubits “1,000 cubits.” If it is necessary to use modern distance units, here is a way of doing it. Alternate translation: “457 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
|
||||
NUM 35 5 vih1 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 35 5 cr3z translate-bdistance 0 two thousand cubits “2,000 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 35 6 g8wz 0 a person who has killed someone This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determined whether they killed the person intentionally or accidentally.
|
||||
NUM 35 6 q5lc translate-numbers 0 forty-two “42” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 35 7 jnp2 translate-numbers 0 forty-eight “48” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
NUM 35 8 jeg5 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 35 11 fy84 0 unintentionally accidentally or without wanting to or trying to
|
||||
NUM 35 12 vp5m 0 the avenger This refers to a close relative that seeks vengeance by killing the accused man.
|
||||
NUM 35 12 le4k figs-activepassive 0 so that the accused man will not be killed without first standing trial before the community This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that no one will kill the accused man before the community is able to judge him in court” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 35 14 s5n6 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 35 16 zkm4 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 35 16 z14e figs-activepassive 0 He must certainly be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must certainly execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 35 19 wx13 figs-metonymy 0 The avenger of blood Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: “The one who avenges the murder” or “The relative seeking vengeance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 35 21 b1cz figs-activepassive 0 the accused who struck him must surely be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the relative must certainly execute the accused man” or “the accused man must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 35 22 umg8 0 without premeditated hate “without planning it out of hate ahead of time”
|
||||
NUM 35 22 p8t8 figs-metaphor 0 without lying in wait Someone intentionally seeking a way to harm another person is spoken of as if someone were hiding in order to ambush that other person. Alternate translation: “without intentionally having tried to harm the victim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 35 24 gs31 figs-metonymy 0 the avenger of blood Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 35 25 nz1w figs-explicit 0 The community must rescue the accused This means if the community judges that the death was accidental then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. If the community judges that the death was not accidental, then the relative must execute the accused man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 35 25 f819 figs-activepassive 0 the one who was anointed with the holy oil This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one you anointed with holy oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 35 27 db74 figs-metonymy 0 the avenger of blood Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in [Numbers 35:19](../35/19.md). Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 35 29 zfc7 0 General Information: Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
|
||||
NUM 35 29 b5jp 0 through all your people’s generations “and all of your descendants who will live after you”
|
||||
NUM 35 30 l81w figs-activepassive 0 the murderer must be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must execute the murderer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 35 30 e5vq figs-activepassive 0 as testified to by the words of witnesses This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “according to the testimony of witnesses” or “as witnesses testify to the murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 35 30 y1ik figs-activepassive 0 But one witness’ word alone may not cause any person to be put to death The testimony of one witness is not enough to execute a person for murder. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But the word of only one witness is not enough for you to execute a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 35 31 th5f figs-activepassive 0 He must certainly be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
NUM 35 32 pv6j figs-explicit 0 You must not … allow him to reside on his own property This implied that the man would have left the city of refuge and returned home. Alternate translation: “You must not … allow him to leave the city of refuge and return home to live on his own property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 35 32 a9qa 0 in this way “by accepting a ransom”
|
||||
NUM 35 33 gzd5 figs-metaphor 0 Do not pollute in this way the land where you live, because blood from murder pollutes the land Making the land unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically polluting the land. Alternate translation: “Do not make the land where you live unacceptable to me in this way, because blood from murder makes the land unacceptable to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 35 33 df8z 0 in this way This means by disobeying the laws concerning a person who kills someone.
|
||||
NUM 35 33 pl2f figs-activepassive 0 No atonement can be made for the land when blood has been shed on it, except by the blood of the one who shed it This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone has shed blood in the land, only the execution of the murderer can make atonement for the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 intro ej9v 0 # Numbers 36 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Female heirs<br><br>Women who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so the inheritance does not leave the tribe. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])
|
||||
NUM 36 1 if4m translate-names 0 Machir This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 26:29](../26/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 36 2 gt4r figs-activepassive 0 You were commanded by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 2 wj3z translate-names 0 Zelophehad This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 36 3 lt8u figs-activepassive 0 will be removed from our ancestor’s share This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will no longer belong to our ancestor’s share” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 3 x8b6 figs-activepassive 0 It will be added This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “It will belong to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 3 p8s2 figs-activepassive 0 it will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will no longer be a part of our inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 4 rfa6 figs-explicit 0 the year of Jubilee of the people This refers to a celebration which happens once every fifty years. In this celebration, all land that someone sold or traded must return to the original owner. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
NUM 36 4 mw2i figs-activepassive 0 their share will be joined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “their share will belong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 4 zr9r figs-activepassive 0 their share will be taken away from the share of our ancestors’ tribe This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will take our tribe’s share of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 5 z3fi 0 at Yahweh’s word “according to what Yahweh said”
|
||||
NUM 36 6 f822 figs-activepassive 0 Let them be married to whom they think best This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let them marry whom they want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 6 lcf4 figs-activepassive 0 they must marry only within the family of their father’s tribe This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but they may only marry someone from their father’s tribe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
NUM 36 7 ysn3 figs-metonymy 0 No share The word “share” represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “No portion of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
NUM 36 8 aed4 0 who owns a share in her tribe “who owns a share of land in her tribe”
|
||||
NUM 36 8 q4e7 figs-metaphor 0 may own an inheritance The land that each clan possesses is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 36 9 enm8 figs-metaphor 0 No share may change hands from one tribe to another Transferring ownership from one tribe to another is spoken of as if the property passed from one person’s hands to another person’s hands. Alternate translation: “No one may transfer the ownership of any share of land from one tribe to another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 36 11 y95h translate-names 0 Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Noah See how you translated these women’s names in [Numbers 26:33](../26/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
NUM 36 12 i8zd figs-metaphor 0 their inheritances The land that each of Zelophehad’s daughters possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. Alternate translation: “the lands that they received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
NUM 36 13 z8ke 0 plains a large area of flat land
|
|
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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
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DEU front intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Deuteronomy<br><br>1. Moses reminds Israel of how Yahweh guided them through the wilderness (1:1–3:29)<br>1. Moses appeals for Israel to obey the law of Yahweh (4:1–43)<br>1. The Ten Commandments (5:1–10:22)<br>1. Rules and warnings from the Law (11:1–26:19)<br>1. Instructions for entering Canaan (27:1–26)<br>1. Blessings for obeying and curses for disobeying (28:1-68)<br>1. The covenant renewed (29:1-30:20)<br>1. Last words of Moses, the Song of Moses, and his death (31:1–34:12)<br><br><br>### What is the Book of Deuteronomy about?<br><br>In the book of Deuteronomy, Moses repeats the laws of the covenant that God made with the people of Israel. The people of Israel were about to go into the Promised Land. Before they entered the land, Moses reminded them of what Yahweh did for them and what he expected from them. Moses warned the people about worshipping idols and no longer trusting Yahweh once they settled in the Promised Land. Yahweh promised to judge those who disobey him and to bless those who obey his Law. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The name “Deuteronomy” means “Second Law” or “the retelling of the Law.” Translators may decide on a title such as, “A Repeat of the Law” or “Moses Explains the Law Again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Deuteronomy?<br><br>The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Deuteronomy. However, many scholars think that Joshua wrote chapter 34. This chapter tells how Moses died.<br><br>### What are the important features of the Book of Deuteronomy?<br><br>The book contains a series of speeches that Moses gave to Israel before he died. He spoke these things just before the people entered the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### Why did Yahweh command the Israelites to completely destroy the people who lived in the Promised Land?<br><br>As God prepared the Israelites to enter the Promised Land, he commanded them to completely destroy the Canaanite people who lived there. The Israelites would then not be tempted to join them and worship their false gods.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What is the role of God’s name in Deuteronomy?<br><br>God’s name is mentioned over thirty times in the book of Deuteronomy. The use of God’s name in this book usually represents God’s honor or fame. At other times in Deuteronomy, God’s name represents his presence. God said he would choose a place and make his name dwell there. This means God’s presence would be there. The people were to go to that place to worship him.<br><br>### Can this book be translated before the rest of the Pentateuch?<br><br>The Books of Genesis and Exodus help to explain what happens in Deuteronomy. For this reason, those books should be translated before the Book of Deuteronomy.
|
||||
DEU 1 intro ggp9 0 # Deuteronomy 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter forms a continuation with the last chapter of the book of Numbers.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s victory<br>The chapter explains that Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land will be done by Yahweh. They are not to fear the people of Canaan but be obedient to Yahweh. Yahweh is bringing about his judgement upon the people of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br><br>### Possessing the land<br>While the Promised Land belongs to Israel, they do not possess the land. Possessing the land is an important theme. Posessing the land depended on Israel’s faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||||
DEU 1 1 j9ty 0 beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he spoke to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan”
|
||||
DEU 1 1 bg65 translate-names 0 Suph … Paran … Tophel … Laban … Hazeroth … Dizahab These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 2 p4gk 0 It is eleven days’ journey from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea “It takes eleven days to walk from Horeb … to Kadesh Barnea”
|
||||
DEU 1 2 m2r5 translate-names 0 Mount Seir This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 2 pp45 translate-numbers 0 eleven “11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 3 pc9j translate-ordinal 0 It happened in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke The ordinal numbers can be translated as cardinal numbers. Alternate translation: “They had lived in the wilderness for 40 years, 11 months, and 1 day, when Moses spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 1 3 j362 translate-numbers 0 fortieth 40th (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 3 zfn5 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 1 3 p27w translate-numbers 0 eleventh 11th (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 3 d97r 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
DEU 1 4 ws56 0 Yahweh had attacked “Yahweh had enabled the Israelites to defeat”
|
||||
DEU 1 4 x2fp translate-names 0 Sihon … Og These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 4 mpn7 translate-names 0 Heshbon … Ashtaroth at Edrei These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 5 cn3h 0 Beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “East of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 1 6 s8em 0 spoke to us The word “us” refers to Moses and the other people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 1 6 gy3a figs-idiom 0 You have lived long enough in this hill country This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay near this mountain any longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 1 7 kh6j 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
DEU 1 7 l6np figs-idiom 0 Turn and take your journey The word “turn” is an idiom for beginning action. Alternate translation: “Start again on your journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 1 7 rbe5 0 hill country … Euphrates Yahweh is describing places in the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites.
|
||||
DEU 1 7 faf3 0 hill country This is an area in the hills near the place where the Amorites lived.
|
||||
DEU 1 7 y94k 0 lowland an area of land that is low and flat
|
||||
DEU 1 8 bp4f 0 Look “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
|
||||
DEU 1 8 i61s 0 I have set the land before you “I am now giving this land to you”
|
||||
DEU 1 8 p2mn figs-pronouns 0 that Yahweh swore Yahweh is speaking as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “that I, Yahweh, swore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 1 8 pcv4 figs-synecdoche 0 fathers The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 1 9 qad3 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
DEU 1 9 dv93 figs-explicit 0 I spoke to you at that time Here “I” refers to Moses. The phrase “at that time” refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “When we were at Horeb, I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 1 9 l5mr figs-idiom 0 I am not able to carry you myself alone Here “to carry you” means “to lead you” or “to govern you.” Alternate translation: “It is too much for me to lead you by myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 1 10 zy9z figs-hyperbole 0 as the multitude of the stars of heaven This is an exaggeration that means God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. Alternate translation: “a great crowd of many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 1 11 it3v figs-metaphor 0 a thousand times The phrase “a thousand” is a metaphor for “very many.” Alternate translation: “very many times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 1 11 spg1 translate-numbers 0 a thousand 1000 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 12 q9dw 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 1 12 fvz8 figs-rquestion 0 But how can I myself alone carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes? Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of their problems by himself. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes by myself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 1 12 l36d figs-metaphor 0 carry your loads, your burdens Moses speaks as if the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to take care of were heavy physical objects that he had been carrying. Alternate translation: “take care of your problems, your complaints” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 1 12 iss7 0 your disputes “your arguments” or “your disagreements”
|
||||
DEU 1 13 ue4a 0 men of good repute from each tribe “men from each tribe whom the people of Israel respect”
|
||||
DEU 1 15 f4vm 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 1 15 u5jy 0 men of good repute “men whom your people respected.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
DEU 1 15 t5iw translate-numbers 0 of thousands … of hundreds … of fifties … of tens “of groups of 1,000…of groups of 100…of groups of 50…and groups of 10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 15 s5h1 0 captains … officers These are titles for different leaders in Israel’s government.
|
||||
DEU 1 15 s3vi 0 tribe by tribe “from each of your tribes”
|
||||
DEU 1 16 dq18 0 judge righteously between a man and his brother “make right and fair decisions about the disputes Israelites have with each other”
|
||||
DEU 1 17 tia7 figs-pronouns 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the judges, so the commands are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 1 17 k656 0 You will not show partiality “Do not show partiality”
|
||||
DEU 1 17 l3vl figs-merism 0 you will hear the small and the great alike These two extremes “small” and “great” represent all people. Alternate translation: “you will treat all people alike” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 1 17 jze3 figs-synecdoche 0 You will not be afraid of the face of man The word “face” is a metonym for the whole person. “You will not” is a command. “Do not be afraid of anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 1 18 crf3 figs-explicit 0 at that time This means the time when they were at Horeb, at Mount Sinai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 1 19 bf68 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 19 s8zk 0 terrible wilderness that you saw “large and dangerous desert that you crossed through”
|
||||
DEU 1 20 lj3y 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 21 sel7 figs-pronouns 0 Look … your God … before you; go up, take possession … your fathers … to you; do not be afraid, neither be discouraged Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so these forms should be singular, not plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 1 21 xjd3 0 has set the land before you “is now giving this land to you.” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||
DEU 1 22 jr4u 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 23 cm5h translate-numbers 0 twelve men “12 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 1 24 n7e4 figs-idiom 0 They turned and went Turning is an idiom for beginning to obey a command. Alternate translation: “They left that place and went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 1 24 m2qr translate-names 0 Valley of Eshkol This is a valley in the Hebron region, which is south of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 24 h6p7 0 scouted it “looked for places they could attack”
|
||||
DEU 1 25 d189 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 25 c795 0 They took “The 12 men took”
|
||||
DEU 1 25 gns5 0 took some of the produce of the land in their hands “picked some of the produce of the land”
|
||||
DEU 1 25 et1g figs-metaphor 0 brought us word and said The speaker speaks as if a “word” were a physical object that someone could bring. Alternate translation: “told us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 1 25 ks9s 0 said, ‘It is a good land that Yahweh our God is giving to us.’ The direct quotation can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said that the land that Yahweh our God was giving to us was good”
|
||||
DEU 1 26 t13i 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 26 k4x9 figs-explicit 0 Yet you refused to attack God commanded the Israelites to attack and destroy the Amorites, but the Israelites were afraid and refused to fight them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 1 27 am5b figs-metonymy 0 into the hand of the Amorites Here “into the hand” means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate translation: “into the power of the Amorites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 1 28 dm6t figs-rquestion 0 Where can we go now? Here this question emphasizes how afraid they were. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nowhere to go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 1 28 x4y4 figs-idiom 0 made our heart to melt This means that they became afraid. Alternate translation: “made us very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 1 28 vs1i figs-hyperbole 0 are fortified up to the heavens This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
DEU 1 28 fl92 figs-explicit 0 sons of the Anakim These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 29 d7v6 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 29 ukp2 0 I said to you “I said to your ancestors”
|
||||
DEU 1 30 wdr7 figs-synecdoche 0 before your eyes Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 1 31 t94m figs-you 0 you have seen … Yahweh your God carried you … you went … you came Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 1 31 bmh3 figs-simile 0 Yahweh your God carried you, as a man carries his son Here Yahweh’s care for his people is compared to that of a father. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has taken care of you, like a father takes care of his son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 1 31 ivd6 0 until you came to this place “until you came to this land that God promised to give you”
|
||||
DEU 1 32 hy2f 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 33 t7vc 0 make camp “put up your tents”
|
||||
DEU 1 34 p8tw 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them.
|
||||
DEU 1 34 a5i6 0 heard the sound of your words “heard what you were saying”
|
||||
DEU 1 34 gv71 0 he swore and said God made a vow not to allow those who rebelled against him to enter the land he promised to give them.
|
||||
DEU 1 35 l5ps 0 will see “will enter”
|
||||
DEU 1 36 xn3b 0 save Caleb “except Caleb”
|
||||
DEU 1 36 ai2l translate-names 0 Jephunneh This is the name of Caleb’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 36 ix6z figs-pronouns 0 he has wholly followed Yahweh Yahweh speaks as if he were someone else. Alternate translation: “he has completely obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 1 37 z3bs 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 37 j94d figs-explicit 0 Yahweh was angry with me because of you This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 1 38 du4b translate-names 0 Nun This is the name of Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 38 ze5m figs-explicit 0 who stands before you Why Joshua stands before Moses can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who stands before you as your servant” or “who helps you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 1 39 gn7q 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 40 mrt9 0 turn and take your journey “turn around and go back on the road you have come on”
|
||||
DEU 1 41 wwe3 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 41 eg59 0 sinned against Yahweh “we have rebelled against Yahweh by disobeying him”
|
||||
DEU 1 41 zg19 0 we will follow “we will obey”
|
||||
DEU 1 41 l3as figs-metonymy 0 to attack the hill country Here the metonym “hill country” represents the people that live there. Alternate translation: “to attack the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 1 42 vgw8 figs-activepassive 0 for I will not be with you, and you will be defeated by your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your enemies will defeat you because I will not be with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 1 43 q8fb 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 1 43 t5l6 figs-metonymy 0 attacked the hill country The metonym “hill country” stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “attacked the people who live in the hill country” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 1 44 z33p figs-simile 0 chased you like bees A “bee” is a small, flying insect that flies in large groups and stings people who threaten them. This means that so many Amorites attacked the Israelite soldiers that they had to leave the battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 1 44 z2yu translate-names 0 Seir This is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 44 fn6p translate-names 0 Hormah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 1 44 xcg6 0 struck you down “killed many of your soldiers”
|
||||
DEU 1 45 d7e5 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 1 45 yrs7 0 returned and wept “returned to Kadesh and wept”
|
||||
DEU 2 intro ji46 0 # Deuteronomy 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant faithfulness<br>Yahweh is faithful to the covenant he made with Abraham. He is also faithful to the promises he made with Esau and Lot. Because of this, Israel was given specific land it was able to conquer in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
|
||||
DEU 2 1 ys5a 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did.
|
||||
DEU 2 1 b9af 0 Then we turned and took our journey “Then we turned around and went”
|
||||
DEU 2 1 yf1v 0 we went around Mount Seir for many days This could mean: (1) the Israelites traveled around the mountain called Seir for a very long time or (2) the Israelites wandered in a region called Mount Seir for a very long time.
|
||||
DEU 2 1 r626 translate-names 0 Mount Seir This is a mountainous area south of the Dead Sea. The area is also called “Edom.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:2](../01/02.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 1 lng2 0 many days Some languages translate this as “many nights.”
|
||||
DEU 2 4 t4vc 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 2 4 trl3 0 of your brothers, the descendants of Esau “of your relatives, the descendants of Esau”
|
||||
DEU 2 5 e5j7 0 I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession Yahweh is reminding the Israelites that he has given this territory to the descendants of Esau.
|
||||
DEU 2 6 rd6v 0 General Information: Moses continues to instruct Israel in how they are to treat the descendants of Esau.
|
||||
DEU 2 6 qn8p 0 You will purchase food from them Yahweh is giving them permission or instruction, not a command, and he is telling them not to steal. “I permit you to purchase food from them” or “If you need food, you are to purchase it from them”
|
||||
DEU 2 6 pc6f 0 from them “from Esau’s descendants”
|
||||
DEU 2 6 ru4x 0 for money If these words are not needed or make the translation unclear, you may omit them.
|
||||
DEU 2 7 st5n figs-you 0 your God has blessed you … your hand … your walking … your God … with you, and you have lacked Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 7 ief6 figs-synecdoche 0 you in all the work of your hand The “work of your hand” refers to all the work they had done. Alternate translation: “all of your work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 2 7 act3 figs-metonymy 0 he has known your walking Here what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their “walking.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 2 7 u2px translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 2 7 l4f1 figs-litotes 0 you have lacked nothing This is a litotes for “you have had everything you needed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 2 8 t48a 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 2 8 n8fq 0 by our brothers “by our relatives”
|
||||
DEU 2 8 ctw5 translate-names 0 Elath … Ezion Geber These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 8 lbh3 figs-idiom 0 we turned This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “we kept going” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 2 9 g8pa writing-background 0 General Information: This is the end of a part of Moses’ speech reminding the Israelites of how Yahweh guided them in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 2 9 ftp7 figs-metonymy 0 Do not trouble Moab The word “Moab” represents the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “Do not trouble the people of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 2 9 cs7l translate-names 0 Ar This is the name of a city in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 9 sl7s figs-explicit 0 the descendants of Lot The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Moab. Moab was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 2 10 am7r writing-background 0 General Information: The writer begins to give background information about the people of the land. These words are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 2 10 n8xl writing-background 0 The Emites lived These words give background information about the Emite people, who had lived in the land before the Moabites. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 2 10 d4pi translate-names 0 Emites This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 10 yv8c 0 Anakim These are descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md).
|
||||
DEU 2 11 zxl2 writing-background 0 General Information: This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
|
||||
DEU 2 11 eds2 translate-names 0 Rephaim This is the name of a people group that were considered giants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 12 j8rr writing-background 0 General Information: This continues the background information about the different people groups that had lived in the land. (See: [Deuteronomy 2:10](./10.md) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]).
|
||||
DEU 2 12 ye16 translate-names 0 Horites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 12 v8s2 0 destroyed them from before them “killed all of them so none of them were left living with them” or “removed them from their presence by killing all of them”
|
||||
DEU 2 13 tfp1 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the Israelites of what had happened to them in the wilderness.
|
||||
DEU 2 13 ruf4 figs-quotations 0 ‘Now rise up … Zered.’ So “‘Then Yahweh said, “Now rise up … Zered.’ So.” This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh told us to rise up … Zered. So” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 2 13 va2q figs-idiom 0 rise up begin to do something (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 2 13 mn1h translate-names 0 the brook Zered This stream flows into the Dead Sea from the southeast and creates the border between Edom and Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 14 h8wz writing-background 0 Now the days The word “now” marks a change from the story to background information about how long the people of Israel traveled and about God’s anger towards that generation. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 2 14 s3qf translate-numbers 0 thirty-eight years “38 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 2 14 a2ue figs-euphemism 0 were gone from the people This is a polite way of saying “had died.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 2 15 q5m7 figs-synecdoche 0 the hand of Yahweh was against Here “the hand of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh used his power against” or “Yahweh punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 2 16 pv43 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 2 18 yrj6 figs-you 0 You are Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 18 g7yv translate-names 0 Ar This is the name of a city in Moab. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 19 c269 figs-you 0 do not trouble … will not give you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the command and the word “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 19 af4b figs-explicit 0 to the descendants of Lot The people of Israel were related to the descendants of Ammon. Ammon was the son of Lot. Lot was the nephew of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 2 20 s8bn writing-background 0 General Information: These verses begin to give background information about the people groups who lived in the land. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 2 20 n15r figs-activepassive 0 That also is considered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People also consider that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 2 20 p2rw translate-names 0 Rephaim This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 21 fpu6 translate-names 0 Anakim This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 21 sq14 0 destroyed them before the Ammonites “allowed the Ammonites to defeat them” or “allowed the Ammonites to kill them all”
|
||||
DEU 2 21 xz3g 0 they succeeded them and lived in their place “the Ammonites took over everything the Rephaim had owned and have lived where the Rephaim had lived”
|
||||
DEU 2 22 y1ib translate-names 0 Horites This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:12](../02/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 22 yq6w 0 succeeded them and have lived in their place “took over everything the Horites had owned and have lived where the Horites had lived”
|
||||
DEU 2 23 i3fg 0 General Information: The writer finishes describing how God enabled Esau to conquer the land Esau is now inhabiting.
|
||||
DEU 2 23 c7kb translate-names 0 Avvites … Caphtorim These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 23 wmz4 translate-names 0 Caphtor This is the name of a place. It may be another name for the island of Crete located in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 23 feg9 0 destroyed them “destroyed the Avvim”
|
||||
DEU 2 23 un7u 0 settled in their place “lived where the Avvim had lived”
|
||||
DEU 2 24 v5lr 0 General Information: The writer has finished giving background information and is now again telling what Moses said to the Israelites.
|
||||
DEU 2 24 yyy9 0 Now rise up Yahweh is telling Moses what the people should do. “Now get up” or “Now go.”
|
||||
DEU 2 24 b1uk 0 go on your journey “continue your journey”
|
||||
DEU 2 24 v45y translate-names 0 Valley of the Arnon This is the name of the valley of the Arnon River. It creates the border between Moab and the Amorites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 24 j7cy figs-metonymy 0 I have given into your hand The metonym “into your hand” means “into your control or power.” Alternate translation: “I have given you the power to defeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 2 24 g8xa figs-you 0 your hand … Begin to possess it … fight Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the commands “begin to possess” and “fight” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 24 gvu7 translate-names 0 Sihon This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 24 q9kc translate-names 0 Heshbon This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 24 k7py 0 fight with him “fight against him and his army”
|
||||
DEU 2 25 il8b figs-you 0 terror of you … news about you … because of you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 25 jg6p figs-doublet 0 put the fear and terror The words “fear” and “terror” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the fear is intense. Alternate translation: “put a terrible fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 2 25 x3s5 figs-idiom 0 peoples that are under the whole sky This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “peoples in every land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 2 25 fjp4 figs-hendiadys 0 tremble and be in anguish This is hendiadys and emphasizes that the people will “tremble in anguish.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
DEU 2 26 ajl4 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 2 26 d2n3 0 I sent Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 2 26 p6fj translate-names 0 wilderness of Kedemoth This is the name of a place near the valley of Arnon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 26 t59e translate-names 0 Sihon … Heshbon These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 26 efk3 0 with words of peace “with my offer of peace” or “with a message from me asking for peace”
|
||||
DEU 2 27 zr26 figs-litotes 0 I will turn neither to the right hand nor to the left This phrase emphasizes that they will always go in the same direction. It can be stated in positive form. “I will not change direction” or “I will always stay on the path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 2 28 mf3s 0 General Information: This continues Moses’ message to King Sihon.
|
||||
DEU 2 28 n54c 0 You will sell me food for money, so that I may eat; give me water for money, so that I may drink Moses tells Sihon that the Israelites will not steal from the Amorites and requests that Sihon and his people sell food and water to the Israelites; he is not giving a command. Alternate translation: “I expect to have to pay for food so I can eat and to pay for water so I can drink”
|
||||
DEU 2 28 jp21 figs-synecdoche 0 sell me … I may eat … give me … I may drink Moses is referring to the people of Israel as if they were Moses himself. Alternate translation: “sell to me and my people … we may eat … give us … we may drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 2 28 twx5 0 only let me pass through on my feet “only let us walk through your land”
|
||||
DEU 2 29 nj8q translate-names 0 Ar This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:9](../02/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 30 iv42 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 2 30 pe7f translate-names 0 Sihon … Heshbon These are the names of a man and a place. See how you translated them in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 30 n8cg figs-you 0 your God … your might Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 30 fad4 figs-parallelism 0 hardened his mind and made his heart obstinate Both of these phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh “caused him to become very stubborn.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 2 31 wz3l 0 to deliver up Sihon and his land before you “to give Sihon and his land over to you”
|
||||
DEU 2 31 mi9p 0 begin to possess it, in order that you may inherit his land “take possession of his land, so that you may inherit it”
|
||||
DEU 2 32 lu82 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 2 32 e5dq translate-names 0 Sihon This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 32 k97a translate-names 0 Jahaz This is the name of a city in Moab (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 34 x76b 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 2 34 ie9v 0 We took all his cities “We captured all of King Sihon’s cities”
|
||||
DEU 2 36 i479 translate-names 0 Aroer This is the name of a city on the north bank of the Arnon River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 36 pd7q translate-names 0 Valley of the Arnon “Arnon” is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 2 36 snr1 figs-litotes 0 there was not a city too high for us This negative statement is used to emphasize their success in battle. This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “we were able to defeat the people of every city even if the city had high walls around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 2 37 v1z7 figs-you 0 you did not go Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 2 37 vt6d translate-names 0 Jabbok River This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 intro z1ea 0 # Deuteronomy 03 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Victories<br>The victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
|
||||
DEU 3 1 b1tm 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 1 z2w7 translate-names 0 Og This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 1 v626 translate-names 0 Edrei This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 2 a3g7 translate-names 0 Sihon This is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 2 dc9j translate-names 0 Heshbon This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 2 hn64 figs-you 0 Yahweh said to me, ‘Do not fear him;…given you … under your control … You will do … as you did … at Heshbon.’ Yahweh is speaking to Moses as if Moses were the Israelites, so the command “do not fear” and all instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 3 2 w3dp 0 fear him … over him … his people and his land Here the words “him” and “his” refer to Og.
|
||||
DEU 3 2 w9tj figs-pastforfuture 0 I have given you victory Yahweh speaks of what he will do as if he had already done it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
DEU 3 2 pqq3 figs-synecdoche 0 You will do to him as you did to Sihon The word “him” is a metonym for “his people.” Alternate translation: “You will destroy Og and his people as you did Sihon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 3 3 n4lw figs-activepassive 0 all his people were put under our control This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh put all of Og’s people under our control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 3 3 rm5e figs-litotes 0 not one of his people remained This is a litotes that is used to emphasize that the Israelites did not let anyone live. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 3 4 nwb3 figs-doublenegatives 0 There was not one of the sixty cities that we did not take This is a double negative that emphasizes that they took all of the 60 cities. Alternate translation: “We took every one of the sixty cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 3 4 n378 translate-numbers 0 sixty cities “60 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 3 4 x9q1 translate-names 0 the region of Argob This is the name of a region within Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 5 qup3 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel of what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 5 p7qc 0 These were all cities fortified with “These were all cities protected by”
|
||||
DEU 3 5 v9nt 0 besides very many “in addition to very many” or “not including very many”
|
||||
DEU 3 6 mm89 translate-names 0 Sihon This is the name of a king. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 6 zx6i translate-names 0 Heshbon This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 8 w2ct 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 3 8 e82d figs-metonymy 0 out of the hand of the two kings Here the metonym “out of the hand of” means “from the control of.” Alternate translation: “from the control of the two kings” or “from the two kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 3 8 kg66 0 Amorites “Amorite people.” See how you translated the name of this people group in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 8 l9c4 0 beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 3 8 c8hd 0 the Valley of the Arnon See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 8 b5q8 translate-names 0 Mount Hermon This is the name of a mountain at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 9 nk7s translate-names 0 Mount Hermon … Sirion … Senir These are all names of the same mountain which is at the northern border of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 10 g7ie 0 Bashan … Edrei … Og See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 10 gk8j 0 of the plain This is high, flat land between the Arnon River and Mount Gilead.
|
||||
DEU 3 10 l1kh translate-names 0 Salekah This is the name of a city near Edrei. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 11 nd7p 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 3 11 ju5n writing-background 0 For of the remnant … the way people measure This is background information about King Og. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 3 11 mdg3 0 Rephaim See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 11 i4qm 0 Look! “Pay attention to the important thing I am going to tell you.”
|
||||
DEU 3 11 ev4b figs-rquestion 0 Was it not in Rabbah,…live? The writer uses a question to remind the people of Israel that they could go to Rabbah and see how large Og must have been. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. This could mean: (1) “It was in Rabbah,…live.” or (2) “It is in Rabbah … live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 3 11 b98u translate-bdistance 0 cubits A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
|
||||
DEU 3 11 z43d 0 the way people measure “according to the cubit most people use”
|
||||
DEU 3 12 ac8k 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 12 s921 0 Aroer See how you translated the name of this town in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 12 h352 0 the Valley of the Arnon See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 13 pt8s 0 the region of Argob See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 3:4](../03/04.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 13 xzf3 writing-background 0 The same territory is called the land of Rephaim The writer begins to present background information about the land that the people of Israel captured. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 3 13 g27b 0 Rephaim See how you translated the name of this land in [Deuteronomy 2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 14 xv6z 0 General Information: This continues the background information about the land the people of Israel captured ([Deuteronomy 3:13](../03/13.md)).
|
||||
DEU 3 14 aa4n translate-names 0 Jair This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 14 uz9u translate-names 0 the Geshurites and the Maakathites These are people groups who lived west of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 14 g7g2 0 Havvoth Jair Translators may make a footnote that says: “The name ‘Havvoth Jair’ means ‘tent villages of Jair’ or ‘realm of Jair.’”
|
||||
DEU 3 15 hyk9 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 3 15 fik9 0 I gave Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 3 15 x1nt translate-names 0 to Machir Machir was the son of Manasseh. He had died before Moses gave this land. The name is a metonym for the descendants of the person. Alternate translation: “to the descendants of Machir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 16 ni9h translate-names 0 Jabbok River This is the name of a river that created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:37](../02/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 17 qm24 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 3 17 bb2m 0 Another of its borders is also “The western border of the Reubenite and Gadite territory is”
|
||||
DEU 3 17 y51g translate-names 0 Kinnereth the Sea of Kinnereth, also called “the Sea of Galilee” or “the Lake of Gennesaret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 17 w6xs translate-names 0 Mount Pisgah This is the name of a mountain in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 3 18 i7wz 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 3 18 i1zt figs-explicit 0 I commanded you at that time Moses reminds the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh that they must help the other Israelites conquer the rest of the land God promised them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 3 18 rt7n 0 will pass over armed before “will take your weapons and cross the Jordan River ahead of”
|
||||
DEU 3 18 mq1x 0 your brothers, the people of Israel “your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 3 19 ma9q 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh.
|
||||
DEU 3 20 isu7 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh gives rest to your brothers The writer speaks as if the ability to rest were a physical object that could be given as a gift. The word “rest” is also a metaphor for peaceful life in which there is no war. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allows your brothers to rest” or “Yahweh allows your brothers to stop fighting wars and live peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 3 20 ac2j 0 beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 3 20 s3hn 0 then will you return Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. “only then are you to return.”
|
||||
DEU 3 21 s2lk 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 21 p9pl figs-synecdoche 0 Your eyes have seen Here “eyes” refers to Joshua. Alternate translation: “You have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 3 23 d3fi 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 23 j4ne 0 I implored Here “I” refers to Moses. This means he asked God in a very earnest, emotional way.
|
||||
DEU 3 24 z9tn 0 to show your servant Here “your servant” is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “to show me, your servant”
|
||||
DEU 3 24 idr1 figs-metonymy 0 your strong hand Here the metonym “hand” means control or power. Alternate translation: “your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 3 24 qkn5 figs-rquestion 0 for what god is there … acts? Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God with the power to do the works he has done. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “for there is no god … acts.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 3 24 ls1e figs-merism 0 in heaven or in earth These two extremes together mean “anywhere.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 3 25 c8zq 0 beyond the Jordan “west of the Jordan River.” When Moses spoke these words to Yahweh, he was east of the Jordan River in Moab.
|
||||
DEU 3 26 xt4j 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 3 26 p3zp figs-explicit 0 Yahweh was angry with me because of you This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 3 27 qm9b 0 Pisgah See how you translated this is in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
DEU 3 27 a7ag figs-idiom 0 lift up your eyes The words “lift up your eyes” are an idiom that means look. Alternate translation: “look” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 3 28 x7d3 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 3 29 dut2 translate-names 0 Beth Peor This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 4 intro d8g8 0 # Deuteronomy 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law of Moses<br>In order to possess the land, the people needed to obey the law of Moses. This will be the most important thing in the religious life of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Moses’ instructions<br>Moses is not allowed to enter into the Promised Land. Since they are getting ready to possess the Promised Land, Moses gives them some last instructions before his death. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince his readers to obey his instructions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 4 1 m1n5 0 I am about to teach you Moses is telling the people of Israel what God wants them to do.
|
||||
DEU 4 1 zdp5 0 to do them “and obey them”
|
||||
DEU 4 2 ft3x 0 You will not add to the words … neither will you diminish them Yahweh does not want his people to create new laws, or to ignore those he has already given them.
|
||||
DEU 4 3 u7gv 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 3 j4ng figs-synecdoche 0 Your eyes have seen Here “eyes” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “You saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 3 bs2a figs-explicit 0 because of Baal Peor The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because of the sins you committed at Baal Peor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 4 3 fpr6 0 Peor See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 3 yl8h figs-pronouns 0 Yahweh your God has destroyed them from among you Moses speaks to the people of Israel as though they were one person, so “your” and “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 4 4 x6hf figs-metaphor 0 you who clung to Yahweh The writer speaks as if trusting in Yahweh and obeying him were like physically holding on to a person. Alternate translation: “you who were careful to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 5 yhv5 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 5 hs9r 0 Look “Pay attention”
|
||||
DEU 4 5 bis8 0 that you should do so in the midst of the land “that you should obey them when you live in the land”
|
||||
DEU 4 6 zr9k figs-doublet 0 keep them and do them These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that they are to obey them. Alternate translation: “obey them carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 4 6 bhy7 figs-abstractnouns 0 this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the peoples The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as adjective phrases, and the abstract noun “sight” refers to how the peoples judge or decide on the value of something. Alternate translation: “this is what will show the peoples that you are wise and that you understand what is important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 6 sr33 figs-metonymy 0 this great nation is a wise and understanding people The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “the people of this great nation are wise and understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 4 7 thf7 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 7 m62n figs-rquestion 0 For what other great nation is there … him? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For there is no other great nation … him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 4 8 g3lt figs-rquestion 0 What other great nation is there … today? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no other great nation … today.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 4 9 wv6p 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 9 bfw3 figs-pronouns 0 Only pay attention … guard yourself … you do not forget … your eyes … your heart … your life … make them known to your children and your children’s children Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you,” “your,” and “yourself,” as well as the commands “pay attention,” “guard,” and “make known” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 9 d2dg 0 Only pay attention and carefully guard yourself “Pay careful attention and be sure to remember these things always”
|
||||
DEU 4 9 gm1c figs-parallelism 0 you do not forget … they do not leave your heart These phrases means the same thing and emphasize that the people of Israel must remember what they have seen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 4 9 hp7e figs-synecdoche 0 your eyes have seen Here “eyes” are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “you have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 10 tkm7 figs-pronouns 0 you stood before Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 10 ivm8 0 Assemble me the people “Bring the people together and bring them to me”
|
||||
DEU 4 11 wy4q 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the Israelites of their history.
|
||||
DEU 4 11 ytq1 figs-idiom 0 with fire to the heart of heaven This is an idiom. “The heart of” means “the middle of” or “the innermost part of,” and “heaven” here refers to the sky. Alternate translation: “with a fire that went up to the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 4 11 f82u figs-hendiadys 0 with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness Here “thick darkness” describes the cloud. Alternate translation: “with a thick, dark cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
DEU 4 11 jh6q 0 thick darkness Another possible meaning is “heavy cloud.”
|
||||
DEU 4 13 re7g 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 13 tk8q 0 He declared “Yahweh declared”
|
||||
DEU 4 13 yz4x 0 to you Here “you” refers to the Israelites who were at Mount Horeb.
|
||||
DEU 4 14 bdx7 0 in the land that you are crossing over to take possession of “after you have crossed over the Jordan River and taken possession of the land”
|
||||
DEU 4 15 yqn4 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 16 f5bb 0 do not corrupt yourselves “do not do what is wrong”
|
||||
DEU 4 18 xe6b 0 creeps on the ground “crawls on the ground”
|
||||
DEU 4 19 a5bt figs-you 0 You shall not lift your eyes … and look … and be drawn … Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” and the words “lift,” “look,” and “be drawn” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 19 mg57 figs-activepassive 0 You shall not … and be drawn away to worship This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not … and do not let anyone make you want to worship” or “Do not … and do not allow yourself worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 4 19 r5pg 0 all the host of the heavens “everything you can see in the sky.” This is another way of referring to the sun, moon, and stars.
|
||||
DEU 4 19 mpi9 figs-idiom 0 of which Yahweh your God has given a share all the peoples This is an idiom. Moses speaks of the stars as if they were small objects like food that Yahweh was dividing and giving out to the people groups. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh your God has put there to help all people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 4 20 uej2 figs-metaphor 0 brought you out of the iron furnace Moses speaks of Egypt and the hard work the Israelites did there as if it were an oven in which iron is heated and the Israelites were the iron. Alternate translation: “brought you out of the land where people made you do hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 20 c59d figs-idiom 0 a people of his own inheritance This is an idiom that can be translated “people who belong only to him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 4 21 q42n 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 21 l8rk figs-explicit 0 Yahweh was angry with me because of you This refers to when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:37](../01/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 4 21 qnf5 figs-you 0 Yahweh your God is giving to you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 23 gf5v 0 Pay attention to yourselves “Pay careful attention”
|
||||
DEU 4 23 q9m3 figs-you 0 Yahweh your God has forbidden you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 24 z6c8 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh your God is a devouring fire, a jealous God Moses compares how Yahweh acts when he is angry to the way a fire destroys things. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will severely punish and destroy you like a fire does because he does not want you to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 24 d51q figs-you 0 Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 25 d5qj 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 25 sw65 0 you beget … Yahweh your God The words “you” and “your” are singular here.
|
||||
DEU 4 25 txa1 0 beget become the father of, or become the ancestor of
|
||||
DEU 4 25 r6pb 0 if you corrupt yourselves “if you do what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 25 v824 figs-idiom 0 do what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God, to provoke him to anger This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you make Yahweh your God angry by doing what he says is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 4 26 lbi9 figs-metonymy 0 I call heaven and earth to witness This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 4 26 tz2p figs-metaphor 0 you will not prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. Alternate translation: “you will not be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 26 eme2 figs-hyperbole 0 but you will be completely destroyed As indicated in 4:27, not every Israelite will be killed. Here “completely destroy” is a generalization and emphasizes that many of the Israelites will die. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh will destroy many of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 4 27 yy63 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 27 swv8 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will scatter you among the peoples Moses speaks as if the people were seeds that Yahweh would scatter around a field. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will send you to many different places and force you to live there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 27 u1el 0 will lead you away “will send you” or “will cause your enemies to take you away”
|
||||
DEU 4 28 eq2t figs-synecdoche 0 the work of men’s hands, wood and stone Here “men’s hands” refers the men themselves, and “the work … wood and stone” to the idols that they have created. Alternate translation: “the wood and stone idols that men have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 29 t9hj figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel. He speaks as though they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 29 nz82 0 But from there “But when you are in those other nations”
|
||||
DEU 4 29 m6l6 figs-you 0 you will seek The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 29 fki1 0 when you search after him “when you really try to find him” or “when you really try to know him”
|
||||
DEU 4 29 pl1s figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 4 30 bu4p 0 will have come on “have happened to”
|
||||
DEU 4 30 p1sc 0 in those later days “afterwards” or “then”
|
||||
DEU 4 30 xhr4 figs-idiom 0 listen to his voice Here “listen” is an idiom that means to hear and obey. Also, “his voice” refers to Yahweh and emphasizes what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 32 yss9 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and the command “ask now” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 33 gv8c figs-rquestion 0 Did ever a people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as you have heard, and live? Here the people of Israel are reminded of how Yahweh has spoken to them in an amazing way in the past. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No other people besides you has heard God speak from the middle of the fire and lived.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 4 33 uge5 figs-synecdoche 0 hear the voice of God speaking Here God is represented by his voice. Alternate translation: “hear God’s voice as he spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 34 i1ev 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 4 34 uct8 figs-metaphor 0 by a mighty hand, and by an outstretched arm Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 34 r398 figs-synecdoche 0 before your eyes Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in front of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 4 35 yl1z figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 35 nu4a figs-activepassive 0 To you these things were shown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh showed you these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 4 36 r411 0 he made you to hear … made you see “he made sure you heard … made sure you saw”
|
||||
DEU 4 36 pii8 figs-metonymy 0 made you … you heard Moses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate translation: “made your fathers … your fathers heard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 4 37 ss1r figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 37 p6x2 0 your fathers This refers to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob’s sons.
|
||||
DEU 4 37 yey2 0 with his presence, with his great power “with the great power that comes from his presence” or “with his great power”
|
||||
DEU 4 39 esi7 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 4 39 ufg5 figs-idiom 0 lay it on your heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 4 39 f524 figs-merism 0 in heaven above and on the earth beneath The two phrases “in heaven” and “on the earth” show two extremes and mean “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “over everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 4 40 c3aw figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 4 41 bt78 0 General Information: Moses’s speech, which began in [Deuteronomy 1:6](../01/06.md), has finished, and the writer continues the narrative that ended in [Deuteronomy 1:5](../01/05.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 43 csf7 translate-names 0 Bezer … Ramoth … Golan These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 4 44 j6tj 0 This is the law This refers to the laws Moses will give in the following chapters.
|
||||
DEU 4 46 zf9l translate-names 0 Beth Peor This is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 4 46 c8za 0 Sihon … Amorites … Heshbon “King Sihon … Amorite people … town of Heshbon.” See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 47 ya36 0 his land King Sihon’s land
|
||||
DEU 4 47 h15l 0 beyond the Jordan toward the east This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “from the side of the Jordan River toward the east”
|
||||
DEU 4 48 kwj2 0 Aroer This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:36](../02/36.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 48 n3ct 0 the Valley of the Arnon This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 48 vyn6 0 Mount Siyon … Mount Hermon These are different names for the same mountain. The word “Sion” is another spelling of “Sirion” ([Deuteronomy 3:9](../03/09.md)). See how you translated “Mount Hermon” in [Deuteronomy 3:8](../03/08.md).
|
||||
DEU 4 49 axk1 0 eastward beyond the Jordan This refers to the land across the Jordan River, to the east of Israel. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “eastward from the side of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 4 49 x6zf 0 Sea of the Arabah … Mount Pisgah See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
DEU 5 intro xsp1 0 # Deuteronomy 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each of the commandements in the list of Ten Commandments in 5:7-21 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT uses a separate paragraph for each commandment.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ten commandments<br>This chapter repeats the material of Exodus 20. It is known as the Ten Commandments.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors and idioms<br>Moses uses metaphors and idioms to instruct the people to follow the law of Moses. This is because it is very important to follow these laws. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 5 1 d5qb 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 5 1 vj47 figs-hyperbole 0 called to all Israel Here “all” is a generalization. Moses wanted everyone in Israel to hear and obey his words, but his voice was probably not so loud that everyone actually heard him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
DEU 5 1 rwb1 figs-synecdoche 0 that I will speak in your ears today Here “ears” refers to the whole person. This metaphor emphasizes that the people know what Moses has said to them, so they cannot sin and then say they did not know they were sinning. Alternate translation: “that I will speak to you today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 5 3 hf3s 0 Yahweh did not make this covenant with our ancestors This could mean: (1) Yahweh did not only make a covenant with those who were at Horeb; the covenant was also with the later generations of Israelites or (2) Yahweh did not make this covenant with their distant ancestors, such as, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; instead, this covenant began with the Israelites at Horeb.
|
||||
DEU 5 4 ijj6 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 5 4 h6t4 figs-idiom 0 face to face Use your language’s idiom for two people who are close to each other and looking at each other when they are speaking to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 5 4 n291 0 on the mount “on the mountain”
|
||||
DEU 5 5 b7in 0 at that time Moses is referring to an event that happened about 40 years earlier.
|
||||
DEU 5 6 fbu5 figs-metonymy 0 out of the house of slavery Here the metonym “house of slavery” refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 5 7 f42x figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people what Yahweh has commanded them. The phrases “you will” and “you will not” are commands. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 7 pa85 0 You will have no other gods before me “You must not worship any other gods but me”
|
||||
DEU 5 8 bs7n figs-explicit 0 that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water below This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “that is in the earth beneath your feet, or that is in the water below the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 5 9 a6ef figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 9 sxf4 0 You will not bow down to them or serve them “You will not worship the carved figures or do as they command”
|
||||
DEU 5 9 q9rc 0 You will not “Never”
|
||||
DEU 5 9 qi9s 0 I … am a jealous God “I … want you to worship only me”
|
||||
DEU 5 10 zxf7 figs-abstractnouns 0 showing covenant faithfulness to thousands, to those who love me The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands, those who love me” or “being faithful to the covenant with thousands, with those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 5 10 gvi1 figs-explicit 0 to thousands, to those who love me Some translations read “to a thousand generations of those who love me.” The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever, to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 5 11 kd28 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 11 nj56 0 You will not take the name of Yahweh “You will not use the name of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 5 11 jap9 0 You will not See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||||
DEU 5 11 fv41 0 in vain “carelessly” or “without proper respect” or “for wrong purposes”
|
||||
DEU 5 11 in6b figs-doublenegatives 0 Yahweh will not hold him guiltless This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will consider him guilty” or “Yahweh will punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 5 12 vbs1 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 12 ybn9 0 to keep it holy “to dedicate it to God”
|
||||
DEU 5 13 p3yg 0 do all your work “do all your usual duties”
|
||||
DEU 5 14 cx31 translate-ordinal 0 seventh day “day 7.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 5 14 kbw8 0 On it you will not do “On that day never do”
|
||||
DEU 5 14 c3x8 figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” or “living with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 5 15 x69h figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 15 p52p figs-idiom 0 You will call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 5 15 ls4c figs-metaphor 0 by a mighty hand and by an outstretched arm Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 5 16 g54g figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 17 x2en figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 17 u97m 0 You will not See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||||
DEU 5 18 lke6 0 You will not commit adultery “You will not sleep with anyone other than your spouse”
|
||||
DEU 5 20 vp3r 0 You will not give false witness against your neighbor “You will not tell lies about someone”
|
||||
DEU 5 21 msw3 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 5 21 sqc4 0 You will not See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 5:9](../05/09.md).
|
||||
DEU 5 22 c5s9 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said.
|
||||
DEU 5 23 vkg3 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 5 23 ar5z figs-synecdoche 0 heard the voice The word “voice” is a metonym for the sound of the voice or for the person who was speaking. Alternate translation: “heard the sound of the voice” or “heard Yahweh speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 5 25 k97b 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the Israelites what the Israelites had said to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 5 25 zra9 figs-rquestion 0 But why should we die? They were afraid that they would die if Yahweh spoke to them. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We are afraid that we will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 5 26 qk3j figs-rquestion 0 For who besides us is there … have done? This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are no other people besides us … have done.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 5 26 sdf1 figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh This represents all people or living things. Alternate translation: “all people” or “all living beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 5 28 j5bk 0 when you spoke to me Here “me” refers to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 5 29 m98l figs-idiom 0 Oh, that there were If your language has an idiom that expresses a strong desire for something, you might want to use it here. Alternate translation: “I would be very happy if there were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 5 31 bn9j 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 5 31 u4lk 0 you will teach them “you will teach the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 5 32 kyg9 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 5 32 weq5 0 You will keep Moses is giving a command to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 5 32 w87i figs-metaphor 0 you will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left This compares a person disobeying God to a person turning off of the correct path. Alternate translation: “you will not disobey him in any way” or “you will do everything he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 5 33 ype4 figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:40](../04/40.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 6 intro q4y8 0 # Deuteronomy 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s blessings<br>Yahweh’s continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphors<br>There are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
|
||||
DEU 6 1 it53 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues the speech to the people of Israel he began in [Deuteronomy 5:1](../05/01.md). Beginning in verse 2, he speaks to the people of Israel as if they were one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
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DEU 6 1 z6zb 0 might keep “might obey”
|
||||
DEU 6 1 ymp9 0 going over the Jordan “going to the other side of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 6 2 l6ps 0 to keep “to obey”
|
||||
DEU 6 2 i3ku figs-metaphor 0 that your days may be prolonged Long days are a metaphor for a long life. This can be stated in active form. This can be translated similarly to “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “that I may prolong your days” or “that I may cause you to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 6 3 jl47 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 3 yk4u figs-explicit 0 listen to them Here “listen” means to obey, and “them” refers to Yahweh’s commandments. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “listen to Yahweh’s commandments, statutes, and decrees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 6 3 cau8 0 keep them “obey them”
|
||||
DEU 6 3 t77l figs-idiom 0 a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 6 4 cip9 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 4 zv4t 0 Yahweh our God is one “Our God Yahweh is the one and only God”
|
||||
DEU 6 5 dc6b figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated “with all your heart, with all your soul” in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 6 6 g3hf figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 6 u7kf 0 I am commanding you Moses is speaking God’s commandments to the people of Israel.
|
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DEU 6 6 a1y8 figs-idiom 0 will be in your heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must always remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 6 7 ye1m 0 you will diligently teach … you will talk “I command you to diligently teach … I command you to talk.” The reader should understand these as commands.
|
||||
DEU 6 8 mh97 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 8 x5c9 figs-metonymy 0 tie them This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “tie these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 6 8 zn5b 0 as a sign upon your hand “as something to make you remember my laws”
|
||||
DEU 6 8 w48b figs-metonymy 0 they will serve as frontlets This is a metonym for “write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch to your head so it sits.” This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for “obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there.” Alternate translation: “my words will serve as frontlets”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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DEU 6 8 ju59 0 frontlets ornaments a person wears on the forehead
|
||||
DEU 6 9 ex69 0 You will write This is a command.
|
||||
DEU 6 10 gu32 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 10 yge8 0 large and very good cities that you did not build All these cities will belong to the people of Israel when they conquer the people in Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 6 12 kq91 figs-metonymy 0 out of the house of bondage Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 6 13 i1uw figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 13 b8cf 0 You will honor Yahweh your God; him you will worship, and you will swear by his name “It is Yahweh your God and no one else whom you will honor; it is he alone whom you will worship, and it is by his name and only his name that you will swear.” Your language may have another way of emphasizing that Yahweh is telling the Israelites not to worship or serve any other god.
|
||||
DEU 6 13 rn98 figs-metonymy 0 you will swear by his name To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym “his name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 6 15 syl7 0 in the midst of you “who lives among you”
|
||||
DEU 6 15 hb7p figs-activepassive 0 the anger of Yahweh your God will be kindled against you Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire to destroy things. This can be stated in active form. To kindle anger is a metaphor for becoming very angry. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will kindle his anger” or “Yahweh your God will become very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 6 15 a26k 0 destroy you from “destroy you so that there is nothing left of you anywhere on”
|
||||
DEU 6 16 bd27 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 16 dj8u 0 You will not test Yahweh Here “test” means to challenge Yahweh and force him to prove himself.
|
||||
DEU 6 16 qk5b translate-names 0 Massah This is the name of a place in the desert. The translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 6 18 yri1 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 18 zh1i figs-idiom 0 You will do what is right and good in the sight of Yahweh This idiom is a command and a blessing. If the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will receive blessings from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Do what Yahweh says is right and good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 6 20 h9eh figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 20 vrj8 figs-metonymy 0 What are the covenant decrees … commanded you In this question the “covenant decrees” represent their meaning and purpose. Alternate translation: “What do the covenant decrees … commanded mean to you” or “Why should you obey the covenant decrees … commanded you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 6 20 m992 0 your son This refers to the children of the adult people of Israel to whom Moses was speaking Yahweh’s words.
|
||||
DEU 6 21 c19m figs-metaphor 0 with a mighty hand Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 6 22 c7l2 figs-metonymy 0 on all his house Here the metonym “his house” refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “on all of his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 6 22 k3se figs-synecdoche 0 before our eyes Here the word “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “where we could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 6 23 atp7 figs-explicit 0 might bring us in The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “might bring us into Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 6 24 nhg8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. He tells them what they should tell their children about Yahweh’s commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 6 24 ye68 0 keep obey at all times and for a long time
|
||||
DEU 6 25 p4b1 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh” or “where Yahweh can see us”
|
||||
DEU 6 25 bva9 figs-metonymy 0 this will be our righteousness The word “this” refers to keeping Yahweh’s commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate translation: “he will consider us righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 7 intro y1wn 0 # Deuteronomy 07 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “You must completely destroy them”<br>The people of Canaan were to be punished by Yahweh. Yahweh used Israel to punish these nations. If they were not completely destroyed, they would lead Israel into sin. Therefore, they were to be completely destroyed and be shown no mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])<br><br>### Abrahamic Covenant<br>This chapter references parts of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. It also emphasizes Yahweh’s faithfulness to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
|
||||
DEU 7 1 zv16 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 2 wdj3 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 2 h8dz figs-metaphor 0 gives them over to you Moses speaks of victory as if it were a physical object one person could give to another. Alternate translation: “enables you to defeat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 2 s8nt 0 you defeat them Here “them” refers to the seven nations from [Deuteronomy 7:1](../07/01.md).
|
||||
DEU 7 4 y5rt figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 4 rsx4 0 For they will “If you allow your children to marry the people from the other nations, the people from the other nations will”
|
||||
DEU 7 4 x5dn figs-metaphor 0 So the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you Moses compares Yahweh’s anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes Yahweh’s power to destroy what makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will kindle his anger against you” or “Then Yahweh will become very angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 7 4 nm8d figs-you 0 against you The word “you” refers to all the Israelites and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 5 m2rl figs-you 0 you will deal … You will break … dash … cut … burn Moses is speaking to all the Israelites here, so these words are all plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 6 bdz4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses tells the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 6 d86k figs-metaphor 0 you are a nation that is set apart Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 6 uqx6 figs-idiom 0 that are on the face of the earth This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that live on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 7 y5fb figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. All instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 7 s7u3 figs-idiom 0 did not set his love upon you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not love you more than he loved others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 8 j4hq figs-metaphor 0 with a mighty hand Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. These words also appear in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 8 xtl5 figs-metaphor 0 redeemed you out of the house of bondage Moses speaks of Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves as if Yahweh had paid money to a slave owner. Alternate translation: “rescued you from being slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 8 wdf1 0 house of bondage Here the metonym “house of bondage” refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:12](../06/12.md). Alternate translation: “out of the place where you were slaves”
|
||||
DEU 7 8 u9xe figs-metonymy 0 hand of Pharaoh Here “hand” means “the control of.” Alternate translation: “control of Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 7 9 wd9i figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 9 ky8b translate-numbers 0 for a thousand generations “for 1,000 generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 7 10 g32i figs-idiom 0 repays those who hate him to their face This idiom means “repays them quickly and openly so that they know God has punished them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 10 xk2p figs-litotes 0 he will not be lenient on whoever hates him The words “not be lenient” are an understatement to emphasize that Yahweh will severely punish. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will severely punish everyone who hates him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 7 12 v1lv figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. He speaks as if the Israelites are one person in verse 12 and to all of them as a group in verse 13. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 13 ghv3 0 multiply you “increase the number of your people”
|
||||
DEU 7 13 nmj6 figs-idiom 0 the fruit of your body This is an idiom for “your children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 13 rl5m figs-idiom 0 the fruit of your ground This is an idiom for “your crops.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 13 p14j 0 the multiplication of your cattle “your cattle so they will become many”
|
||||
DEU 7 14 f2th figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 14 fiu4 figs-activepassive 0 You will be blessed more than all other peoples This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless you more than I bless any other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 7 14 e33a figs-litotes 0 there will not be a childless male or a barren female among you or among your cattle Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have children. This may be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “All of you will be able to have children and your cattle will be able to reproduce” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 7 14 xr4e figs-you 0 among you … your cattle The words “you” and “your” are plural here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 15 qmw7 0 take away from you all sickness “make sure that you do not become ill” or “keep you completely healthy”
|
||||
DEU 7 15 x26j figs-metaphor 0 none of the evil diseases … will he put on you, but he will put them on all those who hate you Moses speaks as if disease were a heavy object that Yahweh would put on top of people. Alternate translation: “he will not make you sick with any of the evil diseases … but he will make your enemies sick with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 16 x9kc figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 16 xbj2 0 You will consume all the peoples “I command you to completely destroy all the people groups”
|
||||
DEU 7 16 aia1 figs-metonymy 0 your eye will not pity them This is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alternate translation: “do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them” or “do not pity them because you see that what you are doing is hurting them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 7 16 du7u 0 You will not worship “never worship”
|
||||
DEU 7 16 yvn8 figs-metaphor 0 that will be a trap for you If the people worship other gods, they will be like an animal caught in a hunter’s trap, and they will be unable to escape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 17 rl9v figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 17 bsr6 figs-idiom 0 If you say in your heart The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “Even if you say in your heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 17 p5tn figs-idiom 0 say in your heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 17 pn9g figs-rquestion 0 how can I dispossess them? Moses uses a question to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other nations. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not know how I will be able to dispossess them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 7 17 luy9 0 dispossess them “take their land away from them”
|
||||
DEU 7 18 ls4k figs-idiom 0 do not be afraid The people should not be afraid even if they notice that the nations are stronger than they are. Alternate translation: “even then do not be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 18 fbw2 figs-idiom 0 you will call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 19 a3ur figs-synecdoche 0 that your eyes saw Here “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “that you saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 7 19 ph4a figs-metaphor 0 the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “and the mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 7 20 xr3w figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 20 pwt4 0 Moreover, Yahweh “And also, Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 7 20 sji2 0 send the hornet This could mean: (1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people and cause pain, or (2) God will cause the people to become terrified and want to run away.
|
||||
DEU 7 20 w9sm figs-idiom 0 perish from your presence This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “die so you do not see them anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 21 at6h 0 You will not “Never”
|
||||
DEU 7 21 v7bu 0 a great and fearsome God “a great and awesome God” or “a great God who causes the people to fear”
|
||||
DEU 7 22 d61j 0 little by little “slowly”
|
||||
DEU 7 23 m5in figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words as if the Israelites are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 23 lkz5 figs-idiom 0 give you victory over This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enable you to defeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 23 qmm8 0 victory over them “victory over the armies from the other nations”
|
||||
DEU 7 23 pa1h 0 he will greatly confuse them “he will make them so they cannot think clearly”
|
||||
DEU 7 23 cpi5 figs-activepassive 0 until they are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until you have destroyed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 7 24 v25y figs-idiom 0 you will make their name perish from under heaven The Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations, and in the future no one will remember them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 7 24 q4py 0 stand before you “stand against you” or “defend themselves against you”
|
||||
DEU 7 25 tq89 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the people of Israel Yahweh’s words. In verse 25 he speaks to the group as a group, so the forms of “you” are plural, but in verse 26 he speaks as if the Israelites are one person, so the forms are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 7 25 y5bl 0 You will burn This is a command.
|
||||
DEU 7 25 d8rc 0 do not covet … trapped by it These words add to the instruction to burn the idols.
|
||||
DEU 7 25 su6c figs-metaphor 0 you will become trapped by it Even taking the gold or silver on the idols could cause the people to start worshiping them. By doing this they would become like an animal caught by a trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will become a trap to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 7 25 z31g 0 for it is an abomination to Yahweh your God These words tell why Yahweh wants the people to burn the idols. “do this because Yahweh your God hates it very much”
|
||||
DEU 7 26 b8dp figs-doublet 0 You will utterly detest and abhor The words “detest” and “abhor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of hatred. Alternate translation: “You will completely hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 7 26 xs75 figs-metaphor 0 for it is set apart for destruction Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from everything else. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh has set it apart for destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 8 intro w4zj 0 # Deuteronomy 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Forgetting<br>This chapter recalls the great things that Yahweh has done for Israel and is about to do for them. This is so they do not forget him and they will continue to worship him. They must remember that Yahweh is the source of their blessings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])
|
||||
DEU 8 1 rbf2 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 1 zvt4 figs-you 0 You must keep … you may live and multiply, and go in and possess … your fathers All instances of “you” and “your” and the verbs are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 2 t2tj figs-idiom 0 You will call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You must remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 8 2 c56q translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 8 2 a9m6 0 he might humble you “he might show you how weak and sinful you are”
|
||||
DEU 8 2 l3al 0 to know “to reveal” or “to show”
|
||||
DEU 8 2 y8fn figs-metonymy 0 what was in your heart The heart is a symbol of a person’s character. Alternate translation: “what kind of people you are” or “how you would behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 8 3 aiu7 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. He continues to remind them of what they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 3 upj2 0 He humbled you “Yahweh showed you how weak and sinful you are.” See how “he might humble you” is translated in [Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md).
|
||||
DEU 8 3 ygr4 0 fed you with manna “gave you manna to eat”
|
||||
DEU 8 3 t9be figs-synecdoche 0 it is not by bread alone that people live Here “bread” represents all food. Alternate translation: “food is not the only thing people need so they can live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 8 3 d9as figs-metonymy 0 it is by everything that proceeds out of the mouth of Yahweh that people live Here “the mouth of Yahweh” is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live” or “people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 8 4 b3h6 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 4 pr86 0 Your clothing … forty years This is the last item that they should “call to mind” ([Deuteronomy 8:2](../08/02.md)).
|
||||
DEU 8 4 d347 translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 8 5 fty1 0 You will think … God disciplines you This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
|
||||
DEU 8 5 fn6f figs-metonymy 0 You will think about in your heart Here the metonym “heart” represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate translation: “You will understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 8 6 j5yw 0 You will keep … honor him This continues the list of commands that begins in [Deuteronomy 8:1](./01.md).
|
||||
DEU 8 7 y2tj figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 7 jl8h 0 a land of “a land with” or “a land that has”
|
||||
DEU 8 9 gx2v figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 9 s4ft figs-litotes 0 a land in which you will eat bread without lack This litotes can be translated positively. Alternate translation: “a land where there will be plenty of food for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 8 9 s966 figs-doublenegatives 0 where you will not go without anything This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “where you will have everything you need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 8 9 dyk2 0 stones are made of iron The stones are full of iron ore. Iron is a very hard metal useful for swords and plows.
|
||||
DEU 8 9 q74l 0 dig copper “mine copper.” Copper is a soft metal useful for making household utensils.
|
||||
DEU 8 10 cat4 0 You will eat and be full “You will have enough food to eat until you are full”
|
||||
DEU 8 10 ac1j 0 you will bless “you will praise” or “you will give thanks to”
|
||||
DEU 8 11 i252 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 12 g242 0 Connecting Statement: This verse describes the first two items of a list of five things that might make the Israelites forget about Yahweh (verse 11): “when you eat and are full” and “when you build good houses.”
|
||||
DEU 8 12 eyd5 0 when you eat and are full “when you have enough food to eat”
|
||||
DEU 8 12 ft1p figs-metonymy 0 your heart will be lifted up Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. Alternate translation: “you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 8 13 vg4r 0 Connecting Statement: This verse describes the last three of the five things that might cause them to forget Yahweh. The first two are “you eat and are full” and “you build good houses and live in them” ([Deuteronomy 8:12](./12.md)). The last three are “when your herds and flocks multiply,” “when your silver and gold increase,” and “all that you have is multiplied.”
|
||||
DEU 8 13 yd2e figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 13 tyu1 0 your herds and flocks “your herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats”
|
||||
DEU 8 13 hl2t 0 multiply increase greatly in number
|
||||
DEU 8 13 ax24 figs-activepassive 0 all that you have is multiplied This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have many more things” or “you have many more possessions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 8 14 rus3 0 Connecting Statement: This verse contains the first two of three items Moses warns the people to be careful of ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)): that “your heart becomes lifted up” and “you forget Yahweh your God.” It then lists the first of four characteristics of Yahweh that they need to remember, that Yahweh “brought you out of the land of Egypt.”
|
||||
DEU 8 14 en28 figs-metonymy 0 your heart becomes lifted up Here “heart” represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person’s heart is lifted up. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 8:12](../08/12.md). Alternate translation: “you become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 8 14 a2g6 figs-distinguish 0 who brought you out Moses begins to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||||
DEU 8 14 k1uk figs-metaphor 0 out of the house of bondage This is a metaphor for the time they were slaves in Egypt. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 8 15 p6ka 0 Connecting Statement: This verse gives the second and third items in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). the second that he led them “through the … wilderness,” and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock.”
|
||||
DEU 8 15 x3kw figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 15 c4zs figs-distinguish 0 Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||||
DEU 8 15 da8e 0 who led … who brought “Yahweh, who led … Yahweh, who brought”
|
||||
DEU 8 15 nlk7 0 fiery serpents “poisonous snakes”
|
||||
DEU 8 15 x91q figs-personification 0 thirsty ground This phrase describes the ground as being thirsty just like a person is thirsty when he needs water. Alternate translation: “dry ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 8 16 uzq3 0 Connecting Statement: This is the fourth item in the list of characteristics that Moses reminds the Israelites that they must remember about “Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)) the first being that he “brought you out of Egypt” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)), the second that he led them “through the … wilderness” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)), and the third that he “brought … water out of the rock” ([Deuteronomy 8:15](./15.md)).
|
||||
DEU 8 16 crk4 0 He fed Moses continues to remind the Israelites of what they know about Yahweh ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). “Yahweh fed”
|
||||
DEU 8 16 q464 0 to do you good “to help you” or “because it would be good for you”
|
||||
DEU 8 17 uf8j 0 Connecting Statement: This is the third item in the list of things that Yahweh warns the Israelites that they might do ([Deuteronomy 8:11](./11.md)), the first being “your heart becomes lifted up” and the second being “you forget Yahweh your God” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)).
|
||||
DEU 8 17 sd9i figs-metonymy 0 but you may say in your heart This is the third thing the people might do when their hearts “become lifted up” and they “forget Yahweh” ([Deuteronomy 8:14](../08/14.md)). Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s innermost thoughts. Alternate translation: “but you may think to yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 8 17 g2bf figs-metonymy 0 My power and the might of my hand acquired all this wealth Here “hand” refers to a man’s power or ability. Alternate translation: “I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful” or “I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 8 18 ftx1 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 18 nl2a figs-idiom 0 But you will call to mind This idiom is a command. Alternate translation: “But remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 8 18 g9fc 0 that he may establish This could mean: (1) “in this way he establishes” or (2) “in this way he is faithful to establish.”
|
||||
DEU 8 18 i5v9 0 that he may “so he can”
|
||||
DEU 8 18 axw6 0 establish cause to stand or to remain
|
||||
DEU 8 18 in9j 0 as it is today “as he is doing now” or “as he is establishing his covenant now”
|
||||
DEU 8 19 sdv6 figs-metaphor 0 walk after other gods Walking is a metaphor for obeying. Alternate translation: “serve other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 8 19 u2bq figs-you 0 against you … you will These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 19 rd16 0 I testify against you “I warn you” or “I tell you in front of witnesses”
|
||||
DEU 8 19 umv6 0 you will surely perish “you will certainly die”
|
||||
DEU 8 20 d86j figs-you 0 before you … you perish … you would not … your God All these instances of “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 8 20 a8kh 0 before you “in front of you”
|
||||
DEU 8 20 l83x figs-metonymy 0 would not listen to the voice of Yahweh Here “the voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate translation: “would not obey Yahweh’s commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 intro id6j 0 # Deuteronomy 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s victory<br>This chapter assures the Israelites that it is Yahweh who will empower them to conquer the Promised Land. The Israelites will not be strong enough on their own to conquer these other nations. This victory will be Yahweh’s. The people did not earn this victory, but it is Yahweh’s punishment of these sinful nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Israel’s sin<br>Yahweh is about to punish the Canaanites for their sin. He also reminds Israel of their sin. This serves as a warning to the people of Israel. If they sin again, Yahweh will punish them too.
|
||||
DEU 9 1 iqh4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 1 wy46 figs-metonymy 0 Hear, Israel The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Listen, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 1 n75r 0 to dispossess “to take the land from”
|
||||
DEU 9 1 zw1n figs-hyperbole 0 fortified up to heaven This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). Alternate translation: “have walls so high it is like they reach up to the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
DEU 9 2 s1te figs-explicit 0 sons of the Anakim Descendants of the Anak people who were very large and fierce. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 9 2 ar68 figs-rquestion 0 Who can stand before the sons of Anak? This means that the sons of Anak were powerful and people were afraid of them. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is no one who can defend himself against the sons of Anak.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 9 3 ax4l figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 3 jgy6 0 today Moses is speaking of the days and weeks beginning on that day, not of the time since the sun had last set.
|
||||
DEU 9 3 aj58 figs-simile 0 like a devouring fire Yahweh is powerful and able to destroy the armies of the other nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 9 3 neu7 0 subdue them before you “make them weak so you can control them”
|
||||
DEU 9 4 jp4r figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 4 xr9c figs-metonymy 0 Do not say in your heart Here “in your heart” means “in your thoughts.” Alternate translation: “Do not think to yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 4 hm6e 0 has thrust them out “has driven the other peoples out”
|
||||
DEU 9 5 bb7i figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 5 r3iq figs-idiom 0 the uprightness of your heart This is an idiom. “because you always thought and desired the right things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 9 5 e9iz figs-metonymy 0 so that he may make come true the word Here the metonym “the word” refers to what God has promised. Alternate translation: “so that he may fulfill the promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 5 hb36 0 your ancestors, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are the “ancestors” of whom Moses is speaking.
|
||||
DEU 9 6 hql8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 7 rx7g figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 7 jiv9 figs-doublet 0 Remember and do not forget Moses repeats the same command both positively and negatively to emphasize the importance of remembering. The command is plural. Alternate translation: “Be careful to remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 7 ze78 figs-you 0 how you provoked Yahweh Here “you” refers to the Israelites that are present with Moses and also the Israelites of the previous generation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 7 ldb8 figs-you 0 you came to this place, you have been rebellious These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 7 kd2z 0 to this place This refers to the Jordan River Valley.
|
||||
DEU 9 8 rwk3 figs-you 0 you provoked … with you to destroy you These instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 9 9 bu4r 0 General Information: Moses is reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 9 icg8 figs-parallelism 0 the tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant that Yahweh made with you Here the second phrase clarifies that “the tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 9 9 z7w7 translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 9 10 e2t6 figs-activepassive 0 on them was written everything just like all the words that Yahweh announced to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh wrote on them the same words he had said to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 9 10 cq6h 0 Yahweh announced … out of the middle of the fire It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice.
|
||||
DEU 9 10 v46n figs-abstractnouns 0 on the day of the assembly The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 9 11 a75b translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 9 11 cq34 figs-parallelism 0 the two tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant The second phrase clarifies that “the two tablets of stone” are the ones on which God wrote the Ten Commandments. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 9 12 n8p5 0 your people … have corrupted themselves “your people … are doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||||
DEU 9 12 ce69 figs-metaphor 0 They have quickly turned aside out of the path that I commanded them Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “They have already disobeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 9 14 lkr5 0 blot out their name from under heaven “make their name disappear completely” or “kill them all so no one will ever remember them.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
|
||||
DEU 9 15 d8yc 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 16 j8rb 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw.
|
||||
DEU 9 16 ux9p figs-explicit 0 molded for yourselves a calf The Israelites of the earlier generation had asked Aaron to make a metal calf so they could worship it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 9 16 bf75 0 You had quickly turned aside out of the path that Yahweh had commanded you Moses speaks as if obeying God’s commands were walking along a path. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “You had quickly disobeyed what Yahweh had commanded you”
|
||||
DEU 9 17 r2ah 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 17 x4n5 figs-synecdoche 0 I broke them before your eyes Here “your eyes” is a synecdoche for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I broke them right in front of you” or “I broke them where you could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 9 18 xf6d 0 lay facedown “lay with my face on the ground.” This is a way of showing that Yahweh was great and Moses was not.
|
||||
DEU 9 18 y3wm translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 9 19 li9n 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 19 vv3j 0 I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure with which Yahweh was angry enough against you to destroy you The words “anger and hot displeasure” are a metonym for what Yahweh would do because he was angry and displeased. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was angry at you—he was extremely displeased with you—he was angry enough to destroy you, and so I was afraid of what he would do”
|
||||
DEU 9 21 n7ea 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 21 wf7q 0 I took … burned … beat … ground … threw Moses probably commanded other men to do the actual work. Alternate translation: “I had people take … burn … beat … grind … throw”
|
||||
DEU 9 21 hql7 figs-metonymy 0 your sin, the calf that you had made Here the gold calf itself referred to as their “sin.” Alternate translation: “the calf, which you sinfully made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 22 t271 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 22 n8jq translate-names 0 Taberah … Massah … Kibroth Hattaavah These are names of places that the people of Israel went through while they were in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 9 23 xz23 0 Go up They were on low land, and the land Yahweh had told them to take was in the hills, so they had to go uphill to get to it.
|
||||
DEU 9 23 dxq9 figs-metonymy 0 rebelled against the commandment The word “commandment” is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Yahweh; you did not obey the commandment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 23 bfb9 figs-metonymy 0 listen to his voice Here “his voice” means what God had said. Alternate translation: “obey what he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 24 r243 0 from the day that I knew you “from the time I began to lead you.” Some translations read “from the day that he knew you,” the day that Yahweh first knew them.
|
||||
DEU 9 25 fq4v 0 General Information: Moses continues reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 9 25 tka1 0 lay facedown before Yahweh “lay with my face on the ground.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:18](../09/18.md).
|
||||
DEU 9 25 j7rs translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 9 26 ki6v figs-metaphor 0 you have redeemed Moses speaks as if Yahweh had rescued the Israelites by paying money to free them from slavery. Alternate translation: “you have rescued” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 9 26 mct6 figs-metonymy 0 through your greatness The word “greatness” is a metonym for Yahweh’s great power. Alternate translation: “through your great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 26 ifw2 figs-metaphor 0 with a mighty hand Here “a mighty hand” refers to Yahweh’s power. See how you translated similar words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “with your mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 9 27 liv5 0 General Information: Moses continues praying to Yahweh so that he may not destroy the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 9 27 hp8s figs-idiom 0 Call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 9 28 cc26 figs-metonymy 0 so that the land from where you brought us The words “the land” are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 9 28 pt4p 0 should say “can say”
|
||||
DEU 9 29 rw92 figs-doublet 0 by your great strength and by the display of your power These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of Yahweh’s power that he used to rescue his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 10 intro ceg6 0 # Deuteronomy 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter.<br><br>This chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions.
|
||||
DEU 10 1 y2d7 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 10 1 zf2r 0 At that time “After I finished praying”
|
||||
DEU 10 1 sa1t figs-ellipsis 0 the first This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets you had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 10 1 lyz6 0 the mountain This refers to Mount Sinai.
|
||||
DEU 10 3 v71i 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 10 3 wt9n figs-ellipsis 0 the first This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets I had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 10 3 u26k 0 went up the mountain “went up Mount Sinai”
|
||||
DEU 10 4 gjg7 0 out of the middle of the fire It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md).
|
||||
DEU 10 4 ax1a 0 on the day of the assembly The abstract noun “assembly” can be expressed as the verb “gather together.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md). Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place”
|
||||
DEU 10 5 wr6b 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 10 5 n7vn 0 I turned Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 10 5 a3fq 0 came down from the mountain “came down from Mount Sinai”
|
||||
DEU 10 5 tia8 0 in the ark “in the box” or “in the chest”
|
||||
DEU 10 6 kwb8 writing-background 0 General Information: The writer continues the short account of where the Israelites had traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 10 6 f4iw translate-names 0 Beeroth Bene Jaakan … Moserah These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 10 6 qpt1 0 Beeroth Bene Jaakan Translator may add a footnote: “The name ‘Beeroth Bene Jaakan’ means ‘the wells that belonged to the sons of Jaakan’ or ‘the wells that belonged to the people of Jaakan.’”
|
||||
DEU 10 6 l2u3 figs-activepassive 0 there he was buried This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that is where they buried him” or “the Israelites buried him there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 10 6 pv97 translate-names 0 Eleazar This is the name of Aaron’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 10 7 rc19 writing-background 0 From there they journeyed … a land of streams of water This continues the background information about where the people of Israel traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 10 7 qs9a translate-names 0 Gudgodah … Jotbathah These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 10 8 pl1x writing-background 0 General Information: The writer begins to explain why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 10 8 p84p figs-idiom 0 to stand before Yahweh to serve him This is an idiom. “to offer the sacrifices that Yahweh requires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 10 8 dqs6 figs-metonymy 0 in his name Here “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as representatives of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 10 8 br5a 0 as today “as they are doing today”
|
||||
DEU 10 9 cy1j writing-background 0 The writer finishes explaining why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
DEU 10 9 u8bf figs-explicit 0 no portion nor inheritance of land The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of the promised land when they arrived there. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 10 9 v39n 0 Yahweh is his inheritance Yahweh speaks of the special relationship that Aaron and his descendants will have with him as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is what they will have” or “Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service”
|
||||
DEU 10 9 knv8 figs-you 0 Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 9 z9a9 0 spoke to him “spoke to the tribe of Levi”
|
||||
DEU 10 10 hja2 0 General Information: Moses resumes reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
DEU 10 10 c3iz translate-ordinal 0 as at the first time “first” is the ordinal number for one. Here it refers to the first time Moses went up Mount Sinai to receive the stone tablets from Yahweh. “as I did the first time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 10 10 kq11 translate-numbers 0 forty days and forty nights “40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 10 10 n2kd figs-you 0 destroy you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 11 ydj2 0 possess the land “take the land” or “take possession of the land”
|
||||
DEU 10 11 yxy1 0 their ancestors This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||||
DEU 10 11 sre9 0 to give to them “that I would give to you, their descendants”
|
||||
DEU 10 12 wg8e figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 12 d3lk figs-metonymy 0 Now, Israel Here the metonym “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Now, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 10 12 x2jw figs-rquestion 0 what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 10 12 hd9p figs-metaphor 0 to walk in all his ways Moses speaks as if obeying Yahweh were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “to obey all his commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 10 12 l6ea figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 10 13 ct9n figs-rquestion 0 to keep the commandments … for your own good? Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question begins with the words “what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul” in verse 12. It can be translated as a statement. “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul, to keep the commandments … for your own good.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 10 14 kf71 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 14 m7ma 0 Behold, to “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: to”
|
||||
DEU 10 14 n5n6 figs-merism 0 heaven … earth These words show two extremes, and are combined to mean that all things everywhere belong to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 10 14 ifm9 0 the heaven of heavens This refers to the highest places in the heavens. Everything in the heavens belong to God.
|
||||
DEU 10 15 swp3 figs-you 0 chose you Here the word “you” refers to all the Israelites and is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 16 g7qt 0 Therefore “Because of this”
|
||||
DEU 10 16 f72x figs-metaphor 0 circumcise the foreskin of your heart The word “foreskin” refers to the fold of skin on a man’s private parts that is removed during circumcision. Here Moses is referring to a spiritual circumcision. This means the people must remove the sin from their lives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 10 17 d6f4 0 God of gods “the supreme God” or “the only true God”
|
||||
DEU 10 17 z3d6 0 Lord of masters “the supreme Lord” or “the greatest Lord”
|
||||
DEU 10 17 b61i 0 the fearsome one “the one who causes people to fear”
|
||||
DEU 10 18 u19l 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 10 18 rsq9 0 He executes justice for the fatherless “Yahweh makes sure that people treat the fatherless justly”
|
||||
DEU 10 18 j7ma 0 fatherless These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 10 18 c95p 0 widow A true widow is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||||
DEU 10 19 wt1s 0 Therefore “Because of this”
|
||||
DEU 10 20 ra84 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 20 m1qe 0 him will you worship “he is the one you must worship”
|
||||
DEU 10 20 zn42 figs-metaphor 0 To him you must cling To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You must rely on him” or “He is the one you must rely on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 10 20 t17w figs-metonymy 0 by his name will you swear To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here “name” represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 10 21 d1ih figs-synecdoche 0 which your eyes have seen Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 10 21 ltw9 0 He is your praise This could mean: (1) “He is the one you must praise” or (2) “It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you”
|
||||
DEU 10 22 es8i figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they are one man, so “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 10 22 p41a 0 went down into Egypt “traveled south to Egypt” or “went to Egypt”
|
||||
DEU 10 22 ap9n translate-numbers 0 seventy persons “70 persons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 10 22 hh5t figs-simile 0 as many as the stars of the heavens This emphasizes the large number of Israelites that were with Moses. Alternate translation: “more than you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 11 intro ifg3 0 # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Therefore<br>This chapter begins with the word “therefore,” which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Eyewitnesses<br>The instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>### Covenant<br>This chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 11 1 sgh5 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 1 e1ef 0 always keep “always obey”
|
||||
DEU 11 2 s2x1 0 who have not known nor have they seen “who have not experienced”
|
||||
DEU 11 2 vs5p figs-metaphor 0 his mighty hand, or his outstretched arm Here “mighty hand” and “outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “or his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 3 b9xu 0 in the midst of Egypt “in Egypt”
|
||||
DEU 11 3 ss4y figs-metonymy 0 to all his land Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to all his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 11 4 hk2q 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the adult Israelites who were old enough to see what God did in Egypt.
|
||||
DEU 11 4 put1 0 Neither did they see what he did “Neither did your children see what Yahweh did”
|
||||
DEU 11 4 py3h 0 the army of Egypt “the Egyptian soldiers”
|
||||
DEU 11 4 f5e5 0 they pursued after you Here “you” means the Israelites who were alive about 40 years earlier.
|
||||
DEU 11 5 xr7g 0 to this place This means the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 11 6 c93d 0 General Information: Moses continues to remind the adults to teach their children God’s mighty deeds.
|
||||
DEU 11 6 krb7 figs-explicit 0 Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab Moses is referring to an event in the past when Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses and Aaron. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 11 6 i1yg translate-names 0 Dathan … Abiram … Eliab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 11 6 c61u 0 son of Reuben “descendant of Reuben”
|
||||
DEU 11 6 b3l3 figs-personification 0 earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up Yahweh causing the land to split open so that the people fell in is spoken of as if the land had a mouth and the ability to swallow people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 11 6 gy9p 0 every living thing that followed them This refers to their servants and animals.
|
||||
DEU 11 6 vi6h 0 in the middle of all Israel This means all the people of Israel witnessed what happened to Dathan, Abiram, their families, and their possessions.
|
||||
DEU 11 7 z5cl figs-synecdoche 0 But your eyes have seen Here “eyes” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “But you have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 11 8 in5y 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 8 b5ga 0 possess the land “take the land”
|
||||
DEU 11 8 z7fm 0 where you are going over to possess it The phrase “are going over” is used because the people of Israel will have to cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 11 9 h376 figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 9 gfv3 figs-idiom 0 a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 11 10 nbu8 figs-metonymy 0 watered it with your foot This could mean: (1) “foot” is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate translation: “worked hard to water it” or (2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 11 10 kfl7 0 garden of herbs “vegetable garden” or “garden of vegetables”
|
||||
DEU 11 11 wn5t figs-personification 0 drinks water of the rain of the heavens The land receiving and absorbing a lot of rain is spoken of as if the land were drinking the water. Alternate translation: “the rain from the sky gives it plenty of water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 11 12 a1x8 figs-metonymy 0 the eyes of Yahweh your God are always upon it Here “eyes” represents attention and care. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is always watching over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 11 12 sxh3 figs-merism 0 from the beginning of the year to the end of the year Here the two extremes “beginning” and “end” are used together to mean the entire year. Alternate translation: “continuously throughout the entire year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 11 13 l1bu 0 It will happen, if This means that what Yahweh promises will happen if the Israelites obey his commands.
|
||||
DEU 11 13 r5mf 0 that I command Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 11 13 tfk6 figs-idiom 0 with all your heart and with all your soul The idiom “with all your heart” means “completely” and “with … soul” means “with all your being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). Alternate translation: “with all your being” or “with all your energy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 11 14 y9qx 0 I will give the rain of your land in its season “I will cause it to rain on your land in the proper season”
|
||||
DEU 11 14 b1z3 0 I will give Here “I” refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in the third person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give” or “He will give”
|
||||
DEU 11 14 w91t 0 the former rain and the latter rain This refers to rain at the beginning of the sowing season and rain for maturing the crops for harvest. Alternate translation: “the autumn rain and spring rain” or “the rain in the right seasons”
|
||||
DEU 11 16 vz1g 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 16 j2pw 0 Pay attention to yourselves “Be careful” or “Beware”
|
||||
DEU 11 16 f3wj figs-metonymy 0 so that your heart is not deceived Here “heart” represents a person’s desires or thoughts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that your desires do not deceive you” or “so that you do not deceive yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 11 16 a9sp figs-metaphor 0 you turn aside and worship other gods Rejecting Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the person would physically turn and go in a different direction away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you start worshiping other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 17 zgj8 figs-metaphor 0 so that the anger of Yahweh is not kindled against you God becoming angry is spoken of as if it were a fire that were starting. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh does not become angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 11 17 a2a4 figs-metaphor 0 so that he does not shut up the heavens so that there will be no rain, and the land will not yield its fruit God causing no rain to fall from the sky is spoken of as if he were closing the sky. Alternate translation: “so that he does not cause the rain to stop falling from the sky so that crops will not grow in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 18 q8ih figs-metaphor 0 lay up these words of mine in your heart and soul A person always thinking about and considering what Moses commands is spoken of as if the heart and soul were a container and Moses’s words were the content to fill the container. Alternate translation: “be very careful to remember these words that I am saying to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 18 h8da 0 these words of mine “these commands that I have given you”
|
||||
DEU 11 18 i4pl figs-metonymy 0 your heart and soul Here “heart” and “soul” represent a person’s mind or thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 11 18 qb2s figs-metonymy 0 bind them “tie these words.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses’s commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 18 y3rx 0 as a sign on your hand “as something to make you remember my laws”
|
||||
DEU 11 18 gj3r figs-metonymy 0 let them be as frontlets between your eyes “let my words be as frontlets between your eyes.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses’ words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses’ commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 18 d4s2 0 frontlets ornaments a person wears on the forehead
|
||||
DEU 11 19 yv8n figs-merism 0 when you sit in your house, when you walk on the road, when you lie down, and when you get up Using the different places “in your house” and “on the road,” and the opposites “when you lie down” and “get up,” represent anywhere, anytime. The people of Israel were to discuss God’s commandments and teach them to their children anytime and anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 11 20 d44d 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 20 f5zw 0 You will write them on the doorposts of your house and on your city gates See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:9](../06/09.md).
|
||||
DEU 11 21 s3fj figs-activepassive 0 that your days and the days of your children may be multiplied This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh may cause you and your children to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 11 21 pi2p 0 to your ancestors This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||||
DEU 11 21 kg7q figs-simile 0 to give them for as long as the heavens are above the earth This compares how long the people could stay in the land to how long the sky will exist above the earth. This is a way of saying “forever.” Alternate translation: “to give them as a possession forever” or “to allow them to live there forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 11 22 qq4s 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 22 q3vs 0 For if you diligently keep all these commandments that I am commanding you, so as to do them “For if you are careful to do everything that I have commanded you”
|
||||
DEU 11 22 bh45 figs-metaphor 0 walk in all his ways How Yahweh wants a person to live and behave is spoken of as if they are Yahweh’s ways or roads. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 22 e7rk figs-metaphor 0 to cling to him To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to rely on him” or “to have a good relationship with him” Look at how similar words are translated in [Deuteronomy 10:20](../10/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 23 zr2c figs-metonymy 0 all these nations from before you, and you will dispossess nations Here “nations” represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate translation: “all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 11 23 u315 0 larger and mightier than yourselves Although Israel’s army is smaller and weaker than the people groups living in Canaan, Yahweh will enable the people of Israel to defeat them.
|
||||
DEU 11 24 v5q1 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 24 x2pi figs-synecdoche 0 Every place where the sole of your foot will tread Here “the sole of your foot” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Every place you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 11 24 u891 0 from the river, the Euphrates River “from the Euphrates River”
|
||||
DEU 11 25 imb9 0 No man will be able to stand before you The phrase “stand before you” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “No one will be able to stop you” or “No one will be able to oppose you”
|
||||
DEU 11 25 zn8i figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh your God will lay the fear of you and the terror of you upon all the land that you tread on Yahweh causing the people to be very afraid is spoken of as if fear and terror were an object that he will place on the people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will cause the people in every place you go to be very afraid of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 25 r396 figs-doublet 0 the fear of you and the terror of you The words “fear” and “terror” mean the same thing and emphasize the intensity of fear. Alternate translation: “a terrible fear of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 11 25 w58w figs-metonymy 0 upon all the land that you tread on Here “the land” is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate translation: “upon all the people in every place you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 11 26 l2v1 0 General Information: Here Moses summarizes the two options the people of Israel could choose. They could choose to obey and receive God’s blessing or they could choose to disobey and receive God’s punishment.
|
||||
DEU 11 26 tc5k 0 Look “Pay attention”
|
||||
DEU 11 26 d2d5 figs-metaphor 0 I set before you today a blessing and a curse Allowing the people to choose whether they want God to bless them or curse them is spoken of as if a blessing and a curse were objects that Moses is setting in front of them. Alternate translation: “Today you must choose whether God will bless you or curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 27 lzg6 figs-abstractnouns 0 the blessing, if you obey The abstract noun “blessing” can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “God will bless you if you obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 11 28 ei5p figs-metaphor 0 but turn aside from the way that I command you today, to go after other gods The commands of Yahweh that Moses is telling the people are spoken of as if they were God’s way or road. To not obey God’s commands is spoken of as if people physically were to turn in another direction away from Yahweh to follow other gods. Alternate translation: “but stop obeying what I command you today, in order to worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 28 u5cq 0 other gods that you have not known This refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
|
||||
DEU 11 29 m6sp 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 29 zsz3 figs-metaphor 0 you will set the blessing on Mount Gerizim, and the curse on Mount Ebal The blessing and the curse are spoken of as if they were objects that someone will set on the mountains. Alternate translation: “some of you must stand on top of Mount Gerazim and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to bless you, and the others must stand on top of Mount Ebal and proclaim what will cause Yahweh to curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 11 29 t5wj translate-names 0 Mount Gerizim … Mount Ebal These are names of mountains on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 11 30 k2bv figs-rquestion 0 Are they not beyond the Jordan … Moreh? The Israelites are on the eastern side of the Jordan River. Moses uses a question to remind the people where these mountains are located. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “As you know, they are beyond the Jordan … Moreh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 11 30 b5qt 0 beyond the Jordan “on the west side of the Jordan River”
|
||||
DEU 11 30 pgr7 0 west of the western road “in the west”
|
||||
DEU 11 30 rq9c translate-names 0 over against Gilgal “near Gilgal” This may not be the same place as the city near Jericho. Moses may be referring to a place that is near Shechem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 11 30 l23v translate-names 0 oaks of Moreh These are sacred trees near Gilgal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 11 31 ke82 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 11 32 k55e 0 all the statutes and the decrees These are the statutes and decrees Moses will give in Deuteronomy 12-26.
|
||||
DEU 11 32 h7se 0 I set before you today This does not mean these are new. Moses is reviewing the same statutes and decrees that he gave 40 years earlier.
|
||||
DEU 11 32 jh1q figs-metaphor 0 I set before you God’s statutes and decrees, which Moses is telling the people, are spoken of as if they were objects that Moses is setting before the people. Alternate translation: “I am giving to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 intro mt76 0 # Deuteronomy 12 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant with Moses<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. The reasons for these food restrictions are not always known.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Israel and Yahweh<br><br>In the ancient Near East, when nations conquered other nations, they often added the gods of the conquered nation into their collection of gods they worshiped. It was rare to worship only one God. Israel was to be known for worshiping Yahweh and Yahweh alone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
|
||||
DEU 12 1 dsl2 0 General Information: Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 1 pm4g 0 you will keep “you must obey”
|
||||
DEU 12 1 bb6r figs-idiom 0 all the days that you live on the earth The phrase “live on the earth” is an idiom that means as long as a person lives. Alternate translation: “for as long as you live” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 12 2 vl2v 0 You will surely destroy “You must destroy”
|
||||
DEU 12 2 hx1l figs-metonymy 0 the nations that you will dispossess Here “nations” represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “the people groups whose land you will take” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 3 v1nf 0 General Information: Moses is still talking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 3 ucw6 0 You must break down their altars “you must pull apart the altars of those nations” or “you must destroy the altars of those nations”
|
||||
DEU 12 3 ra63 0 dash in pieces “break into pieces” or “shatter”
|
||||
DEU 12 3 cj66 figs-metonymy 0 destroy their name Here “their name” represents “the memory of them.” Alternate translation: “destroy them so completely that no one will remember them” or “destroy anything that represents these false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 3 axu8 0 that place This refers to each place where the nations worshiped their gods.
|
||||
DEU 12 4 c44f 0 You will not worship Yahweh your God like that “You should not worship Yahweh your God like those nations worshiped their gods”
|
||||
DEU 12 5 h2cm figs-metonymy 0 the place that Yahweh your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his name Here “his name” refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 5 x9cv 0 it is there that you will go They will go to worship where God decides.
|
||||
DEU 12 6 g357 figs-synecdoche 0 the offerings presented by your hand Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 6 cdg4 0 your offerings for vows, your freewill offerings “your offerings to fulfill a vow, your voluntary offerings.” These are types of offerings.
|
||||
DEU 12 6 n2pg 0 the firstborn of your herds and flocks God requires that the people give him every firstborn male of their livestock.
|
||||
DEU 12 7 tvl1 0 It is there This refers to the place that Yahweh will choose for the children of Israel to worship.
|
||||
DEU 12 7 a9rd figs-synecdoche 0 rejoice about everything that you have put your hand to Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 8 jea6 0 You will not do all the things that we are doing here today “You will not do as we are doing here today.” This means that they would worship in the promised land differently than the way they were worshiping at that moment.
|
||||
DEU 12 8 qri6 figs-metaphor 0 now everyone is doing whatever is right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “everyone is doing what he considers to be right” or “now everyone is doing what he judges to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 9 b2t6 figs-abstractnouns 0 to the rest The abstract noun “the rest” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “to the land where you will rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 12 9 d8re figs-metaphor 0 to the inheritance that Yahweh your God is giving you The land that God is giving to the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were a possession that a father leaves as an inheritance for his children. Alternate translation: “to the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you as a permanent possession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 10 fj6s 0 live in the land This refers to the land of Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 12 10 p9tv figs-metaphor 0 in the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit God giving the land of Canaan to the people of Israel is spoken of as if he were a father giving an inheritance to his children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 10 d8yv 0 he will give you rest from all your enemies round about “he will give you peace from all your enemies around you”
|
||||
DEU 12 11 v237 figs-synecdoche 0 the offerings presented by your hand Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the offerings that you present” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 11 qts6 0 all your choice offerings for vows “all your voluntary offerings to fulfill vows”
|
||||
DEU 12 12 x3cu 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 12 h8ry 0 rejoice before Yahweh “rejoice in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 12 12 m7is figs-synecdoche 0 the Levites who are within your gate Here “gates” is a reference to the city itself. Alternate translation: “the Levites who live inside your city” or “the Levites living with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 12 d42i figs-metaphor 0 because he has no portion or inheritance among you The fact that Yahweh would not give any of the land to the Levites is spoken of as if a father were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 12 b6hq figs-metonymy 0 he has no portion Here “he” refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “they have no portion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 13 em7g 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 13 q449 0 Pay attention to yourself “Be careful”
|
||||
DEU 12 13 drj5 0 every place that you see “any place that pleases you” or “wherever you want”
|
||||
DEU 12 14 h4by 0 but it is at the place that Yahweh will choose The burnt offerings are to be made at the tabernacle. Yahweh himself would choose where the tabernacle would be located.
|
||||
DEU 12 15 kks6 figs-explicit 0 However, you may kill and eat animals within all your gates The people could only kill animals as sacrifices in the place that Yahweh would choose. They could kill animals for food anywhere they wanted. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 12 15 lje2 figs-synecdoche 0 within all your gates Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 15 pen3 figs-metaphor 0 the unclean … persons A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 15 y3f4 figs-metaphor 0 the clean persons A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 15 u3a5 translate-unknown 0 the gazelle and the deer These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. Alternate translation: “the antelope and the deer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 12 16 fvd4 figs-explicit 0 But you will not eat the blood The blood represents life and God did not allow the people to eat the blood along with the meat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 12 17 x27w 0 General Information: Moses describes to the people all the special offerings and sacrifices that are to be made at the tabernacle.
|
||||
DEU 12 17 di9l figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “at your homes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 17 aau9 figs-synecdoche 0 nor that of the offering you present with your hand Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “nor that of any offering which you bring to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 18 nia1 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 18 cbh7 0 you will eat them “you will eat your offerings”
|
||||
DEU 12 18 eev4 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh
|
||||
DEU 12 18 u63z figs-synecdoche 0 the Levite who is within your gates Here “gate” represents the whole city Alternate translation: “any Levite who lives inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 18 icp1 figs-synecdoche 0 everything to which you put your hand Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “rejoice about all the work you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 19 z7fg 0 Pay attention to yourself “Be careful”
|
||||
DEU 12 19 tz4c figs-doublenegatives 0 that you do not forsake This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “that you take good care of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 12 20 h1vp 0 enlarges your borders “enlarges your territory” or “gives you even more land”
|
||||
DEU 12 20 j573 figs-quotesinquotes 0 you say, ‘I will eat flesh,’ because of your desire to eat meat This is a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and you decide that you want to eat meat” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 12 20 fee8 figs-synecdoche 0 as your soul desires Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you want” or “as you crave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 21 t8nl 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 21 q6z1 figs-metonymy 0 chooses to put his name Here “name” refers to God himself. Yahweh would choose a place where he will live and the people will come to worship him. Alternate translation: “chooses to dwell” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 21 e7g3 figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here “gates” represents the whole city.” Alternate translation: “inside your city” or “within your community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 21 asm3 figs-synecdoche 0 as your soul desires Here “soul” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “as you desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 22 kw43 figs-activepassive 0 Like the gazelle and the deer are eaten This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Just like you eat the gazelle and the deer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 12 22 qhx1 0 gazelle and the deer These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||||
DEU 12 22 sff5 figs-metaphor 0 the unclean … persons A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 22 y8v4 figs-metaphor 0 the clean persons A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 23 msu5 figs-metaphor 0 the blood is the life Here the way that blood sustains life is spoken of as if the blood were life itself. Alternate translation: “the blood sustains life” or “the blood causes animals and people to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 23 vr63 figs-metonymy 0 you will not eat the life with the meat The word “life” here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate translation: “You will not eat what sustains life with the meat” or “you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 25 l199 figs-metaphor 0 what is right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 27 wp19 figs-activepassive 0 the blood of your sacrifices will be poured out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the priest will pour out the blood of the sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 12 27 tf6l figs-explicit 0 you will eat the flesh God’s law specifies which parts of the animal are for the burnt offering, which parts are for the priest and which parts are for the offerer to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of the meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 12 28 j39e 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 12 28 gnj3 0 Observe and listen to all these words that I command you “Carefully listen to and obey everything that I am commanding you”
|
||||
DEU 12 28 zga7 figs-synecdoche 0 that it may go well with you and with your children after you Here “children” means all of their descendants. Alternate translation: “that you and your descendants may prosper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 12 28 y6tl figs-doublet 0 when you do what is good and right The words “good” and “right” have similar meanings and emphasize the importance of right behavior. Alternate translation: “when you do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 12 28 ti37 figs-metaphor 0 what is good and right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is good and right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be good and right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 29 csu7 figs-metaphor 0 cuts off the nations Yahweh destroying the people groups in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 29 fzv1 figs-metonymy 0 the nations Here “nations” represents the people living in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 12 29 c22b 0 when you go in to dispossess them, and you dispossess them “when you take everything from them”
|
||||
DEU 12 30 m6t9 0 pay attention to yourself “be careful”
|
||||
DEU 12 30 n455 figs-metaphor 0 that you are not trapped into following them … trapped into investigating their gods, into asking A person learning about and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they are caught in a hunter’s trap. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you do not act like them … that you do try to learn about their gods, asking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 12 30 w8wj figs-metaphor 0 not trapped into following them The Israelites worshiping idols as the people groups of Canaan worship idols is spoken of as if the Israelites were following behind the other people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 12 30 j6jf figs-activepassive 0 after they are destroyed from before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after Yahweh destroys them before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 12 30 rz9c figs-quotesinquotes 0 into asking, ‘How do these nations worship their gods? I will do the same.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “into asking about how those people groups worship their gods so that you can do the same.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 12 32 zxp6 0 Do not add to it or take away from it They are not to create more laws nor are they to ignore laws that God has given them.
|
||||
DEU 13 intro e2ze 0 # Deuteronomy 13 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Worshiping other gods<br><br>The people were required to listen to Yahweh’s prophets unless they were encouraging the people to worship other gods. The punishment for anyone leading the people to worship other gods was death. These instructions were to keep Israel’s worship of Yahweh pure. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/purify]])
|
||||
DEU 13 1 z8ea 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 13 1 ei8s 0 If there arises among you “If there appears among you” or “If someone among you claims to be”
|
||||
DEU 13 1 d2pw 0 a dreamer of dreams This is someone who receives messages from God through dreams.
|
||||
DEU 13 1 ml5c figs-doublet 0 a sign or a wonder These two words have similar meanings and refer to various miracles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 13 2 b259 0 comes about “takes place” or “happens”
|
||||
DEU 13 2 nj6u figs-quotations 0 of which he spoke to you and said, ‘Let us go after other gods, that you have not known, and let us worship them,’ This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “and he tells you to serve and worship other gods which you have not known,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 13 2 nsf6 figs-metaphor 0 Let us go after other gods Worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were going after or following other gods. Alternate translation: “Let us follow other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 2 mcy5 0 go after other gods, that you have not known The phrase “gods, that you have not known” refers to the gods that other people groups worship. The Israelites know Yahweh because he has revealed himself to them and they have experienced his power.
|
||||
DEU 13 3 z2lg 0 do not listen to the words of that prophet, or to that dreamer of dreams “do not listen to what that prophet say nor to what the dreamer of dreams says”
|
||||
DEU 13 3 fp72 figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 13 4 gw9x figs-metaphor 0 You will walk after Yahweh your God Obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people were walking after or following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You will obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 4 s4p9 figs-metonymy 0 obey his voice Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 13 4 ugl8 figs-metaphor 0 cling to him To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “rely on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 d5ix figs-activepassive 0 will be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 h1yd figs-abstractnouns 0 he has spoken rebellion The abstract noun “rebellion” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you rebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 ttf1 figs-metaphor 0 who redeemed you out of the house of bondage Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people out of slavery. Alternate translation: “who rescued you out of the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 z5ns figs-metonymy 0 the house of bondage Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “Egypt where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 tbl6 figs-metaphor 0 draw you out of the way in which Yahweh your God commanded you to walk How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road on which God wants his people to walk. A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying God is spoken of as if the person were trying to get the other person to stop walking on God’s way or road. Alternate translation: “make you disobey what Yahweh your God commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 5 nf2b figs-nominaladj 0 So put away the evil from among you Here “the evil” refers to the evil person or the evil behavior. This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “So you must remove from among the people of Israel the person who does this evil thing” or “So you must kill this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 13 6 g89u 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 13 6 ync7 figs-idiom 0 wife of your bosom A bosom is a person’s chest. This is a idiom that he holds close to his chest, which means he loves and cherishes her. Alternate translation: “wife you love” or “wife you dearly embrace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 13 6 qme9 figs-metonymy 0 friend who is to you like your own soul Here “soul” represents the person’s life. This means the person cares for his friend as much as he cares for his own life. Alternate translation: “your dearest friend” or “a friend you love as much as you love yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 13 7 rbz2 figs-quotations 0 any of the gods of the peoples … other end of the earth.’ This is the end of a quotation within a quotation that begins with the words “secretly entices you and says, ‘Let us go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—” in verse 6. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. “secretly entices you and says that you should go and worship … neither you nor your ancestors—any of the gods of the peoples … other end of the earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 13 7 g6lt 0 that are round about you “that are around you”
|
||||
DEU 13 7 g5tj figs-merism 0 from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth Here the reference to the two extremes of the earth means “everywhere on earth.” Alternate translation: “throughout the entire earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 13 8 g9gf 0 You must not give in to him “Do not agree to what he wants”
|
||||
DEU 13 8 rg47 figs-synecdoche 0 you must not permit your eye to pity him Here “your eye” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you msut not look at him with pity” or “you must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 13 8 k3lz 0 you must not spare him or conceal him “you must not show him mercy or hide from others what he has done”
|
||||
DEU 13 9 akr4 figs-synecdoche 0 your hand will be the first on him to put him to death This means that he was to throw the first stone at the guilty person. The word “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you must be the first to strike him to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 13 9 vu5l figs-synecdoche 0 the hand of all the people Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “the other people will join you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 13 10 nt8a figs-metaphor 0 he has tried to draw you away from Yahweh “to turn you away from Yahweh.” A person trying to cause someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person were trying to cause someone to physically turn around and leave Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he has tried to make you disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 10 cdm1 figs-metonymy 0 out of the house of bondage Here “house of bondage” represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate translation: “out from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 13 11 ns29 figs-explicit 0 All Israel will hear and fear It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed, they will be afraid to act like he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 13 12 j637 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 13 13 di92 0 Some wicked fellows have gone out from among you The phrase “from among you” means that these wicked men were Israelites who lived in their communities.
|
||||
DEU 13 13 tq34 figs-quotations 0 have drawn away the inhabitants of their city and said, ‘Let us go and worship other gods that you have not known.’ This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have persuaded those who live in their city to go and worship other gods that they have not known.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 13 13 wb69 figs-metaphor 0 have drawn away the inhabitants of their city A person causing someone else to stop obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if the person has caused the other person to physically turn and leave Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 14 mc5u figs-doublet 0 examine the evidence, make search, and investigate it thoroughly All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Moses is emphasizing that they must carefully find out what truly happened at the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 13 14 jbu3 figs-activepassive 0 that such an abominable thing has been done among you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people of the city have done such a terrible thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 13 15 bq2m figs-synecdoche 0 with the edge of the sword Here “edge” represents the whole sword. Alternate translation: “with your swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 13 16 nsc2 0 all the spoil “all the plunder.” This refers to the possessions and treasures that an army collects after winning a battle.
|
||||
DEU 13 16 cj8w 0 heap of ruins “pile of ruins”
|
||||
DEU 13 16 t2u6 figs-activepassive 0 it must never be built again This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one must ever rebuild the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 13 17 qe75 figs-metaphor 0 None of those things set apart for destruction must stick in your hand Yahweh cursing something and promising to destroy it is spoken of as if Yahweh were setting the object apart from other things. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not keep any of the things God has commanded you to destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 13 17 brm9 figs-idiom 0 must stick in your hand This is a way of saying a person keeps something. Alternate translation: “must you keep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 13 17 d934 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will turn from the fierceness of his anger Yahweh no longer being angry is spoken of as his anger were an object and Yahweh physically turns away from it. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will stop being angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 13 17 vyv7 0 to your fathers Here “fathers” means ancestors or forefathers.
|
||||
DEU 13 18 zgj9 figs-metonymy 0 you are listening to the voice of Yahweh Here “voice” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “you are obeying what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 13 18 gjk4 figs-metaphor 0 that which is right in the eyes of Yahweh your God The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “that which is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “that which Yahweh your God considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 intro epl7 0 # Deuteronomy 14 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law of Moses<br>This chapter is part of the law of Moses, which is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Clean animals<br>There are animals which the law considered to be clean and unclean. The people were not allowed to eat the unclean animals. Scholars are uncertain about the reasons for the animals to be considered to be clean or unclean. The result of these food restrictions was a nation that was different than the nations surrounding it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
|
||||
DEU 14 1 yca2 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 14 1 c6vr 0 You are the people All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “We are the people”
|
||||
DEU 14 1 qkn4 translate-symaction 0 Do not cut yourselves, nor shave any part of your face for the dead These were ways the people groups living in Canaan showed that they were grieving over people who had died. Moses is telling the people of Israel not to act like them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 14 1 mp18 0 nor shave any part of your face “nor shave the front of your head”
|
||||
DEU 14 2 qr9z 0 you are a nation … has chosen you All occurrences of “you” refer to the people of Israel. Moses was included as a part of the people. Alternate translation: “we are a nation … has chosen us”
|
||||
DEU 14 2 ksd5 0 For you are a nation … surface of the earth See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 7:6](../07/06.md).
|
||||
DEU 14 2 l42y figs-metaphor 0 you are a nation that is set apart to Yahweh your God Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 14 2 z5bl figs-parallelism 0 Yahweh has chosen you to be a people for his own possession This means basically the same thing as the first part of the sentence. They both mean that the people of Israel belong to Yahweh in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 14 2 nyn7 0 a people for his own possession “a people for his treasured possession” or “his people”
|
||||
DEU 14 2 twf5 0 more than all peoples that are on the surface of the earth “out of all the people groups in the world”
|
||||
DEU 14 3 p2a3 0 You must not eat any abominable thing The people of Israel were not supposed to eat anything that God said was unfit for eating.
|
||||
DEU 14 5 pui3 0 the deer, the gazelle, the roebuck These are all types of deer. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of deer.”
|
||||
DEU 14 5 gg4e 0 the gazelle This is wild animal with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||||
DEU 14 5 jxa4 translate-unknown 0 the roebuck a type of deer (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 5 nud7 0 ibex, and the antelope Both of these are types of antelope. If your language does not have a word for each animal it can be translated as “all kinds of antelope.”
|
||||
DEU 14 5 byk8 translate-unknown 0 ibex a type of antelope (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 6 tr2g 0 that parts the hoof “that have split hooves.” This is a hoof that is split into two parts instead of being one whole.
|
||||
DEU 14 6 wwj1 0 chews the cud This means the animal brings its food up from its stomach and chews it again.
|
||||
DEU 14 7 t8p3 translate-unknown 0 rabbit This is a small animal with long ears that usually lives in holes in the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 7 t6es translate-unknown 0 rock badger This is a small animal that lives in rocky places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 7 c17f figs-metaphor 0 they are unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 8 v9dk figs-metaphor 0 The pig is unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 9 xv7h 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 14 9 w8p6 0 Of these things that are in water you may eat “You may eat these kinds of animals that live in the water”
|
||||
DEU 14 9 j2pb 0 fins the thin, flat part which the fish uses to move through the water
|
||||
DEU 14 9 r9ak 0 scales the small plates that cover the body of the fish
|
||||
DEU 14 10 eh5w figs-metaphor 0 they are unclean to you Something Yahweh says is unfit for his people to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 11 w535 figs-metaphor 0 All clean birds An animal that God says is fit for his people to eat is spoken of as if the animal were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 12 fqa4 translate-unknown 0 eagle … vulture … osprey These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 13 d7v7 translate-unknown 0 red kite … black kite … falcon These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 14 n72w translate-unknown 0 raven A bird that either is awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 17 z53d translate-unknown 0 cormorant A bird that is either awake at night or feeds on small animals and dead animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 18 h1j8 translate-unknown 0 stork … heron, the hoopoe These are types of birds that eat small animals and lizards. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 14 18 r1s4 0 the bat animal with wings and furry body which is awake mainly at night and eats insects and rodents
|
||||
DEU 14 19 jr8q 0 All winged, swarming things This means all flying insects that move in large groups.
|
||||
DEU 14 19 inc1 figs-metaphor 0 are unclean to you Animals that God says are unfit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 19 x6ti figs-activepassive 0 they must not be eaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 14 20 kx6u figs-metaphor 0 all clean flying things Animals that God says are fit for his people to eat are spoken of as if the animals are physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 21 h6ny 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 14 21 jv9x 0 anything that dies of itself This means an animal that dies a natural death.
|
||||
DEU 14 21 z8y9 figs-metaphor 0 For you are a nation that is set apart to Yahweh your God Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh your God has set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 14 22 exv5 0 tithe all the yield of your seed This means they are to give one part out of every ten equal parts from their crops.
|
||||
DEU 14 22 q611 0 year after year “every year”
|
||||
DEU 14 23 n5kz 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 14 24 zu5k 0 carry it Here “it” refers to the tithe of crops and livestock.
|
||||
DEU 14 25 gn1x 0 you will convert the offering into money “you will sell your offering for money”
|
||||
DEU 14 25 q4rb 0 tie up the money in your hand, and go “put the money in a bag and take it with you”
|
||||
DEU 14 26 m22p 0 for whatever you desire “for whatever you want”
|
||||
DEU 14 26 qi5i 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 14 27 kt4y figs-doublenegatives 0 do not forsake him This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “make sure to give some of your tithe to the Levite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 14 27 wll4 figs-explicit 0 for he has no portion nor inheritance with you The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of land as their inheritance. Their share of the inheritance was the honor of serving Yahweh as his priests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 14 27 lpl1 figs-metaphor 0 no portion nor inheritance with you God not giving land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 28 v3cb translate-numbers 0 every three years you will present all the tithe of your produce Once every 3 years the Israelites were to store their tithes within their own towns so that it would be used to provide for the Levites, orphans, widows and foreigners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 14 28 nf4w figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 14 29 mju1 figs-metaphor 0 because he has no portion nor inheritance with you God not giving any land to the Levites is spoken of as if he were not giving them an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 14 29 qi4c 0 fatherless These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 14 29 v7bc 0 widow This is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||||
DEU 14 29 zfp5 figs-synecdoche 0 in all the work of your hand that you do Here “hand” represents the whole person. This refers to the work that someone does. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 15 intro n3mh 0 # Deuteronomy 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Forgiveness of Debt<br>This chapter gives instructions about the necessity to regularly forgive debt among their fellow countryman. This prevented people from being trapped by their poverty.<br><br>### Justice<br>As Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. This chapter gives commands that encouraged justice by protecting the poor, servants and slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
DEU 15 1 s315 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 15 1 my7z translate-numbers 0 seven years “7 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 15 1 ym2l 0 you must cancel debts “forgive every thing which people still owe you”
|
||||
DEU 15 2 u4xx 0 This is the manner of the release “This is how to cancel the debts”
|
||||
DEU 15 2 wti8 0 creditor a person who lends money to other people
|
||||
DEU 15 2 y5dj figs-doublet 0 his neighbor or his brother The words “neighbor” and “brother” share similar meanings and emphasize the close relationship that they have with their fellow Israelites. Alternate translation: “his fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 15 2 l5im figs-activepassive 0 because Yahweh’s cancellation of debts has been proclaimed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh has required that you cancel debts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 15 3 xv49 figs-idiom 0 your hand must release This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not demand it back” or “you must not require repayment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 15 4 cxl8 figs-nominaladj 0 no poor The nominal adjective “poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “no poor people” or “no one who is poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 15 4 t3us 0 the land that he gives This refers to the land of Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 15 4 hsd1 figs-metaphor 0 he gives you as an inheritance to possess The land that Yahweh is giving to his people is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Yahweh is giving them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 5 x28x figs-metonymy 0 if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your God Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate translation: “if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 15 6 f39v figs-ellipsis 0 you will lend … you will not borrow The word “money” is understood. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “you will lend money … you will not borrow money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 15 6 p426 figs-metonymy 0 to many nations … over many nations Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to the people of many nations … over the people of many nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 15 6 p9hi figs-parallelism 0 you will rule over many nations, but they will not rule over you Here “rule over” means to be financially superior. This means basically the same thing as the previous part of the sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 15 7 e7tf 0 If there is a poor man Here “man” means a person in general. Alternate translation: “If there is a poor person”
|
||||
DEU 15 7 yi5v 0 one of your brothers “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 15 7 cw85 figs-synecdoche 0 within any of your gates Here “gates” represents the entire city or town. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 15 7 s1y1 figs-metaphor 0 you must not harden your heart Being stubborn is spoken of as if the person hardened their heart. Alternate translation: “you must not be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 7 y4ak figs-metaphor 0 nor shut your hand from your poor brother A person who refuses to provide for a poor person is spoken of as if he were shutting his hand so that the poor person cannot get anything from him. Alternate translation: “nor refuse to help your fellow Israelite who is poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 8 x1h1 figs-metaphor 0 but you must surely open your hand to him A person who helps a poor person is spoken of as if he were opening his hand to him. Alternate translation: “but you must surely help him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 9 s6u9 figs-metonymy 0 not to have a wicked thought in your heart, saying Here “heart” represents a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “not to think a wicked thought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 15 9 fc71 figs-explicit 0 The seventh year, the year of release, is near It is implied that because the year of release will happen soon, the person thinking this will be reluctant to help a poor person since it is likely that the poor person will not have to pay him back. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 15 9 x9aa translate-ordinal 0 The seventh year The word “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 15 9 fm5t 0 the year of release “the year to cancel debts”
|
||||
DEU 15 9 k5ex figs-metaphor 0 is near Something that will happen soon is spoken of as if it were physically near. Alternate translation: “will happen soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 9 n5bx 0 so that you will not be stingy in regard to your poor brother and give him nothing “so that you are not stubborn and refuse to give anything to your fellow Israelite”
|
||||
DEU 15 9 ia9s 0 cry out to Yahweh “shout to Yahweh for help”
|
||||
DEU 15 9 qs88 0 it would be sin for you “Yahweh will consider what you have done to be sinful”
|
||||
DEU 15 10 r7sr figs-synecdoche 0 your heart must not be sorry Here “heart” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not regret it” or “you should be happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 15 10 ew7n figs-synecdoche 0 in all that you put your hand to Here “put your hand to” represents the whole person and work that he has done. Alternate translation: “in all that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 15 11 yhm6 figs-doublenegatives 0 For the poor will never cease to exist in the land This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “For there will always be poor people in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 15 11 tq3p figs-nominaladj 0 For the poor The nominal adjective “the poor” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “For poor people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 15 11 vi74 figs-quotesinquotes 0 I command you and say, ‘You must surely open your hand … in your land.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I command you to open your hand … in your land” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 15 11 l4vm figs-metaphor 0 open your hand to your brother, to your needy, and to your poor A person who is willing to help someone else is spoken of as if his hand were open. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelite, those who are needy, and those who are poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 11 v4zq figs-doublet 0 your brother, to your needy, and to your poor The words “needy” and “poor” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: “help your fellow Israelites who cannot help themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 15 12 g1va 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 15 12 s6rs figs-gendernotations 0 If your brother Here “brother” means an Israelite in general, whether a male or female. Alternate translation: “If a fellow Israelite” or “If a fellow Hebrew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
|
||||
DEU 15 12 s9n7 figs-activepassive 0 is sold to you If a person could not repay their debts, they sometimes sold themselves into slavery to pay what they owed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “sell themselves to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 15 12 xs42 translate-numbers 0 six years “6 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 15 12 m72h translate-ordinal 0 seventh year “year 7.” This “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 15 13 f4yl figs-metaphor 0 you must not let him go empty-handed A person who has no possessions to provide for himself or his family is spoken of as if his hands were empty. Alternate translation: “you must not let him leave without having anything to provide for himself and his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 14 t5ik 0 liberally provide for him “generously give to him”
|
||||
DEU 15 15 hx9p figs-you 0 remember that you were a slave Here “you” includes their ancestors that were slaves for many years. Alternate translation: “remember that your people were once slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 15 15 r2nh figs-metaphor 0 that Yahweh your God redeemed you Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 16 dd3q figs-quotesinquotes 0 if he says to you, ‘I will not go away from you,’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “if he says to you that he will not go away from you,” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 15 16 g927 figs-metonymy 0 your house Here “house” represents the person’s family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 15 17 dml6 0 then you must take an awl and thrust it through his ear to a door “then you will place his head near a wooden door frame in your house, and then put the point of the awl through his earlobe into the wood”
|
||||
DEU 15 17 b9kr translate-unknown 0 awl a sharp, pointed tool used to make a hole (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 15 17 re8m 0 for life “until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
|
||||
DEU 15 18 in4n figs-litotes 0 It must not seem difficult for you to let him go free from you This means that they are not resent it when they let someone go free. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Be pleased when you let him go free” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 15 18 s7d6 0 given twice the value of a hired person This means the owner only had to pay have the amount for this slave to work than he would for a person he hired to do a job.
|
||||
DEU 15 18 xdz6 0 a hired person This is a person who works for pay.
|
||||
DEU 15 19 fl68 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 15 19 f3xu 0 shear to cut off wool or hair
|
||||
DEU 15 20 c1pf 0 before Yahweh “in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 15 20 w1lv 0 year by year “each year” or “every year”
|
||||
DEU 15 21 t6e5 0 lame crippled or physically disabled
|
||||
DEU 15 22 qx8i figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here “gates” represents the city or town. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 15 22 rqw8 figs-metaphor 0 the unclean … persons A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 22 b1cn figs-metaphor 0 the clean persons A person who is acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 15 22 lxt5 0 a gazelle or a deer These are wild animals with long thin legs that can run quickly. See how you translated these in [Deuteronomy 12:15](../12/15.md).
|
||||
DEU 15 23 bw7p 0 you must not eat its blood “you must not consume its blood.” Yahweh did not allow Israelites to consume blood because the blood represented life ([Deuteronomy 12:23](../12/23.md)).
|
||||
DEU 16 intro fgs7 0 # Deuteronomy 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Festivals<br><br>This chapter retells the specific commands about how to celebrate the Passover. This recalled the Passover in Egypt, which was an important event in the formation of the nation of Israel. There are several other important festivals described in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>### Life in Israel<br><br>As Yahweh’s chosen nation, there must be justice in Israel. Also, Yahweh must be the only God in Israel. He alone is to be worshiped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
|
||||
DEU 16 1 v2as 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 16 1 q8mq translate-hebrewmonths 0 month of Aviv This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. It is during the last part of March and the first part April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 16 1 l33g figs-explicit 0 keep the Passover It is implied by “keep the Passover” that they would celebrate and eat the Passover meal. Alternate translation: “celebrate the Passover meal” or “eat the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 16 2 f3xc figs-metonymy 0 You will sacrifice the Passover Here “Passover” represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebration. Alternate translation: For the Passover you will offer a sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 16 3 fgj8 0 with it Here “it” refers to the animal they will sacrifice and eat.
|
||||
DEU 16 3 du99 translate-numbers 0 seven days “7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 16 3 m6rj figs-explicit 0 the bread of affliction This was the name of the unleavened bread. The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “this bread will remind you of how much you suffered while in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 16 3 df5u figs-explicit 0 out of the land of Egypt in haste The people had to leave Egypt so quickly that they did not have enough time to make bread with yeast in it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “out of the land of Egypt in such hurry you did not have time to make bread with yeast in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 16 3 zi9r 0 Do this all the days of your life “Do this as long as you live”
|
||||
DEU 16 3 k8n3 figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 16 4 jvu8 figs-activepassive 0 No yeast must be seen among you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not have any yeast among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 16 4 t1u8 0 within all your borders “inside all your territory” or “in all your land”
|
||||
DEU 16 4 uc3u translate-ordinal 0 first day This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 16 5 s93m figs-metonymy 0 You may not sacrifice the Passover Here “Passover” represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate translation: “For the Passover you may not sacrifice the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 16 5 x2av figs-synecdoche 0 within any of your city gates Here “gates” represents the cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within any of your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 6 u7ep 0 at the going down of the sun “at sunset”
|
||||
DEU 16 7 f6n3 0 You must roast it “You must cook it”
|
||||
DEU 16 8 pjy1 translate-numbers 0 six days “6 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 16 8 sj92 translate-ordinal 0 seventh day “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 16 8 xq7m 0 solemn assembly “special gathering”
|
||||
DEU 16 9 mq43 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 16 9 y8w1 translate-numbers 0 count seven weeks “count 7 weeks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 16 9 bxy9 figs-idiom 0 from the time you begin to put the sickle to the standing grain The phrase “put the sickle to the standing grain” is a way of referring to the beginning of harvest time. Alternate translation: “from the time that you begin harvesting the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 16 9 w3cl translate-unknown 0 sickle a tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass, grain, and vines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 16 10 pjc9 figs-synecdoche 0 with the contribution of a freewill offering from your hand that you will give Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “and you will give your free will offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 10 n1v1 0 according as Yahweh your God has blessed you “according to the harvest which Yahweh your God has given you” This means that the people will base how much they offer on how much they harvested that year.
|
||||
DEU 16 11 vju9 figs-genericnoun 0 your son, your daughter, your male servant, your female servant, the Levite These do not refer to a specific person. It means these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “your sons, your daughters, your male servants, your females servants, any Levite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 16 11 h2jm figs-synecdoche 0 within your city gates Here “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 11 g2r8 figs-genericnoun 0 the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow This refers to these types of people in general. Alternate translation: “all foreigners, orphans, and widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 16 11 kg4w 0 fatherless These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 16 11 i5b3 0 widow This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||||
DEU 16 12 ku33 figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 16 13 fy5u 0 Festival of Shelters Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest time, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year.
|
||||
DEU 16 13 s5xw translate-numbers 0 seven days “7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 16 14 uv5f figs-synecdoche 0 within your gates Here the word “gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “within your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 15 ec92 0 the festival “the Festival of Shelters”
|
||||
DEU 16 15 c3hy figs-synecdoche 0 all the work of your hands Here “hands” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 16 g2xh 0 all your males must appear before Yahweh Females were allowed, but Yahweh did not require that they come. The men could represent their whole families.
|
||||
DEU 16 16 cxc2 0 must appear before Yahweh “must come and stand in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 16 16 pku8 figs-litotes 0 No one will appear before Yahweh empty-handed “They will not come before Yahweh without an offering” These two negative phrases together have a positive meaning. Alternate translation: “Every person who comes before Yahweh must bring an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 16 18 g2as 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 16 18 dc3d 0 You must make judges “You must appoint judges” or “You must choose judges”
|
||||
DEU 16 18 vxu2 figs-synecdoche 0 within all your city gates Here “gates” represents a city or town. Alternate translation: “within all your towns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 16 18 we4m figs-activepassive 0 they will be taken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will choose them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 16 18 reh9 0 judge the people with righteous judgment “judge the people fairly”
|
||||
DEU 16 19 c8iq figs-metaphor 0 You must not take justice away by force Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a strong person can violently pull away from a weak person. This can be stated in positive form. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” Alternate translation: “You must not be unfair when you judge” or “You must make just decisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
DEU 16 19 lqn9 figs-you 0 You must not Here “You” refers to those who will be appointed as judges and officers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 16 19 f47g figs-metaphor 0 for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and perverts the words of the righteous Taking a bribe is spoken of as if the bribe were corrupting the people. Alternate translation: “for even a wise man who accepts a bribe will become blind, and even a righteous man who accepts a bribe will tell lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 16 19 mk49 figs-metaphor 0 a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise A wise person who accepts a bribe so that he does not speak against something evil is spoken of as if he becomes blind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 16 19 pu4g figs-nominaladj 0 the wise The nominal adjective “the wise” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “a wise person” or “wise people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 16 19 m8gc figs-nominaladj 0 perverts the words of the righteous The nominal adjective “righteous” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “causes a righteous person to lie” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 16 20 xm5v figs-metaphor 0 follow after justice, after justice alone justice is spoken of as a person who is walking. A person who is doing what is fair and just is spoken of as if he was following close behindjustice. Alternate translation: “do only what is fair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 16 20 b78e figs-metaphor 0 inherit the land that Yahweh your God is giving you Receiving the land that God is giving to the people is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 16 21 ec3t figs-you 0 You must not Here “You” refers to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 16 22 mw2w figs-distinguish 0 any sacred stone pillar, which Yahweh your God hates The phrase “which Yahweh your God hates” is giving more information about the sacred stone pillar. Alternate translation: “any sacred stone pillar because Yahweh your God hates them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
|
||||
DEU 16 22 s7sn 0 sacred stone pillar This refers to pillars that are idols used to worship false gods.
|
||||
DEU 17 intro a3z4 0 # Deuteronomy 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Witnesses<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>### King<br>Israel was not to have a king because Yahweh was their king. Knowing the sinfulness of the people, Yahweh anticipated that one day Israel would have a king. Therefore, this passage gives commands about their king prophetically. They were not allowed to collect chariots because they were a sign of earthly power and the king was to trust in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 17 1 a78k 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 17 1 d6zp 0 in which is any blemish “that has a blemish” or “that has something wrong with it.” The animal is to appear healthy without any deformity.
|
||||
DEU 17 1 y292 0 that would be an abomination to Yahweh “that would be disgusting to Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 17 2 ljz8 figs-activepassive 0 If there is found This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find someone” or “If there is anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 17 2 liy9 figs-synecdoche 0 within any of your city gates Here “city gates” represents cities or towns. Alternate translation: “living in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 17 2 f7d1 figs-metonymy 0 what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “something that Yahweh your God thinks is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 17 2 yhj2 0 transgresses his covenant “disobeys his covenant”
|
||||
DEU 17 4 pz4e figs-activepassive 0 if you are told about this This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone tells you about this disobedient act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 17 4 fqc1 figs-abstractnouns 0 you must make a careful investigation The abstract noun “investigation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you must carefully investigate what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 17 4 b585 figs-activepassive 0 such an abomination has been done in Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has done such a horrible thing in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 17 6 rul7 figs-metonymy 0 At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, will he who must die be put to death Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “If two or three witnesses speak against the person, then you must execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 17 6 d4v8 figs-metonymy 0 but at the mouth of only one witness he must not be put to death Here “the mouth” represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 17 7 zj7l figs-synecdoche 0 The hand of the witnesses must be the first to put him to death, and afterward the hand of all the people Here “hand” represents the entire group of witnesses. Alternate translation: “The witnesses themselves must be the first ones to throw stones. Then all the people will execute the person by throwing stones at him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 17 7 c151 figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil from among you The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites this person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 17 8 q5bw 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 17 8 j7yz 0 If a matter arises “If there is a matter” or “If there is a situation”
|
||||
DEU 17 8 ahf5 0 one person’s right and another person’s right A “right” is a person’s legal authority to do something or to possess something.
|
||||
DEU 17 9 i57n figs-abstractnouns 0 you will seek their advice The abstract noun “advice” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you will ask them to advise you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 17 9 xe5f figs-abstractnouns 0 they will give you the verdict The abstract noun “verdict” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “they will decide on the matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 17 11 n3uq figs-metaphor 0 Follow the law they teach you A person obeying what the priests and judge decide is spoken of as if the person were physically following behind the law. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must obey what the judge and priests decide about the matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 17 11 a1r9 figs-metaphor 0 Do not turn aside from what they tell you, to the right hand or to the left A person not doing exactly what the judge and priests say is spoken of as if he were turning off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Do not disobey anything they tell you” or “Do everything they say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 17 12 l4fz 0 in not listening to the priest … or in not listening to the judge “and does not obey the priest … or does not obey the judge”
|
||||
DEU 17 12 u7c6 figs-nominaladj 0 you will put away the evil from Israel The nominal adjective “the evil” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 17 13 xm49 figs-explicit 0 All the people must hear and fear, and act arrogantly no more It is implied that when the people hear about the person who was executed for acting arrogantly, they will be afraid and not act arrogantly themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 17 14 t6n8 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 17 14 wkl6 figs-go 0 When you have come to the land The word “come to” can be translated as “gone to” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||||
DEU 17 14 x3gq figs-quotesinquotes 0 then you say, ‘I will set a king over myself, like all the nations that are round about me,’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “then you decide that you want a king just like the peoples of the nations that surround you have kings,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 17 14 n7ly figs-pronouns 0 I will set a king over myself … round about me Moses has the people speaking as if they were one person. It may be more natural to translate this with plural pronouns. Alternate translation: “We will set over ourselves … round about us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 17 14 gm2m figs-metaphor 0 set a king over myself Giving someone the authority to rule as king in Israel is spoken of as if the people were setting the person in a place above them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 17 14 c8nt 0 all the nations that are round about me “all the surrounding nations”
|
||||
DEU 17 14 ie3y figs-metonymy 0 all the nations Here “nations” represent the people who live in the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 17 15 x8fl 0 someone from among your brothers “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 17 15 q7px figs-doublet 0 a foreigner, who is not your brother, over yourself Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They both refer to a person who is not an Israelite. Yahweh is emphasizing that the people of Israel should not let a foreigner rule over them. Alternate translation: “a foreigner over yourself” or “a non-Israelite over yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 17 16 pr1w figs-quotesinquotes 0 for Yahweh had said to you, ‘You will never return that way again.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh had said that you must never return to Egypt again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 17 17 zj8g figs-synecdoche 0 so that his heart does not turn away Here “heart” refers to the whole person. An Israelite king who marries foreign wives and starts to worship their false gods is spoken of as if his heart were to turn away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “so that they do not cause him to stop honoring Yahweh and start worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 17 18 tt3z figs-metonymy 0 When he sits on the throne of his kingdom Here “throne” represents the person’s power and authority as king. To sit on the throne means to become king. Alternate translation: “When he becomes king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 17 18 h6x6 0 he must write for himself in a scroll a copy of this law This could mean: (1) “he must personally write in a scroll a copy of this law for himself” or (2) “he must appoint someone to write in a scroll a copy of this law for him”
|
||||
DEU 17 18 xh2p 0 from the law that is before the priests, who are Levites “from the copy of the law that the Levitical priests keep”
|
||||
DEU 17 19 f877 figs-parallelism 0 so as to keep all the words of this law and these statutes, to observe them These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the king must obey all of God’s law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 17 20 b7e5 figs-synecdoche 0 so that his heart is not lifted up above his brothers Here “his heart” refers to the whole person. A king becoming arrogant is spoken of as if his heart were lifted up. Alternate translation: “so that he does not become arrogant” or “so that he does not think he is better than his fellow Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 17 20 idm3 figs-metaphor 0 so that he does not turn away from the commandments, to the right hand or to the left A king disobeying God’s commands is spoken of as if a person were to turn off the correct path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that he does not disobey any of the commandments” or “so that he obeys all of the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 17 20 sa87 figs-metaphor 0 prolong his days Long days is a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated a similar phrase “prolong your days” in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 intro u6pf 0 # Deuteronomy 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Levites<br>As Yahweh’s chosen priests, the priest were to trust in Yahweh to provide for them. He provided for them through the rest of the Israelites. Yahweh was their inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br><br>### Messiah<br>This chapter is one of the first prophecies about the promised, coming Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
|
||||
DEU 18 1 ztw1 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do.
|
||||
DEU 18 1 u386 figs-metaphor 0 will have no portion nor inheritance with Israel The Levites not receiving any land from Yahweh is spoken of as if they would not receive an inheritance. Alternate translation: “will not possess any of the people’s land” or “will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 1 z6rx 0 no portion “no part” or “no share”
|
||||
DEU 18 2 h6ef 0 among their brothers “among the other tribes of Israel” or “among the other Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 18 2 pd8k figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh is their inheritance Moses speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 10:9](../10/09.md). Alternate translation: “instead, they will have Yahweh” or “instead, Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 3 bn85 0 the inner parts This is the stomach and intestines.
|
||||
DEU 18 4 g5u8 0 you must give him “you must give to the priest”
|
||||
DEU 18 5 py8r figs-metonymy 0 has chosen him Here “him” represents all the Levites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 5 g5j5 figs-metonymy 0 to stand to serve in the name of Yahweh Here “the name of Yahweh” stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “to be his special servants” or “to serve as a representative of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 5 ep9k figs-synecdoche 0 him and his sons forever Here “him” represents all the Levites. Alternate translation: “the Levites and their descendants forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 18 6 we5s figs-idiom 0 desires with all his soul This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “strongly desires” or “really wants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 18 7 p9jv figs-metonymy 0 then he must serve in the name of Yahweh his God Here “name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “then he must serve Yahweh his God as a priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 7 a94d 0 who stand there before Yahweh “who serve in the sanctuary in the presence of Yahweh”
|
||||
DEU 18 8 c8rp 0 his family’s inheritance This is what the priest would inherit from his father.
|
||||
DEU 18 9 gvb6 figs-go 0 When you have come Here “come” can be translated as “gone” or “entered.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||||
DEU 18 9 b17w figs-metonymy 0 you must not learn to observe the abominations of those nations God hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here “nations” represents the people. Alternate translation: “you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 10 ey79 figs-activepassive 0 There must not be found among you anyone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There must not be anyone among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 18 10 hta7 0 anyone who uses divination … tells fortunes … reads signs found in a cup … engages in witchcraft These are different ways of practicing magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these activities, it can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to try to find out what will happen in the future, to cast spells”
|
||||
DEU 18 10 ugk5 0 reads signs found in a cup One who reads the shapes and figures in a cup and who predicts future events from what they can see
|
||||
DEU 18 11 g9dh 0 any charmer … anyone who conjurs up spirits … one who casts spells … who talks with spirits of the dead These are phrases for people who practice different kinds of magic. God has forbidden every kind of magic. If you do not have a word for all of these types of people, you can translate more generally. Alternate translation: “anyone who uses magic to cast spells, or to talk to the spirits of dead people”
|
||||
DEU 18 12 ufu7 0 driving them out Here “them” refers to the people already living in Canaan.
|
||||
DEU 18 14 aj59 figs-metonymy 0 For these nations Here “nations” stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate translation: “For these people groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 14 q8g1 0 these nations that you will dispossess “these nations whose land you will take”
|
||||
DEU 18 15 y637 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 18 15 pp4p figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh your God will raise up for you a prophet Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 15 m2rv 0 one of your brothers “one of your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 18 16 v3y7 0 This is what you asked Here “you” refers to the Israelites at Mount Horeb about 40 years earlier.
|
||||
DEU 18 16 iz2m 0 at Horeb on the day of the assembly “on the day you gathered together at Horeb”
|
||||
DEU 18 16 pp7b figs-quotesinquotes 0 on the day of the assembly, saying, ‘Let us not hear again the voice of Yahweh our God, nor see this great fire anymore, or we will die.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “on the day of the assembly when you said that you did not want to hear the voice of Yahweh our God, nor see his great fire anymore, because you were afraid that you would die.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 18 16 l7c6 figs-synecdoche 0 Let us not hear again the voice of Yahweh our God Here Yahweh is represented by his “voice” to emphasize what he says. Alternate translation: “Let us not hear Yahweh our God speak again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 18 18 t95s figs-metaphor 0 I will raise up a prophet for them Yahweh appointing a person to be a prophet is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift the person up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 18 d8wb 0 from among their brothers “from among their fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 18 18 p717 figs-metaphor 0 I will put my words in his mouth Yahweh telling the prophet what to say is spoken of as if Yahweh would put words in the prophet’s mouth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 18 18 xl1v 0 speak to them “speak to the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 18 19 pt28 figs-metonymy 0 does not listen to the words of mine that he speaks in my name Here “my name” represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “does not listen to him when he speaks my message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 19 n8mr 0 require it of him “I will hold him responsible” or “I will punish him.” Here “him” refers to the person who does not listen to the prophet.
|
||||
DEU 18 20 y6dm 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking.
|
||||
DEU 18 20 pl2e 0 who speaks a word arrogantly “who dares to speak a message” or “who is arrogant enough to speak a message”
|
||||
DEU 18 20 ip16 figs-metonymy 0 in my name Here “my name” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “for me” or “with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 20 x88t 0 a word “a message”
|
||||
DEU 18 20 f7vu figs-metonymy 0 who speaks in the name of other gods Here “name” represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 21 ryk5 figs-metonymy 0 This is what you must say in your heart Here “heart” represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “You ask yourself” or “You must say to yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 21 gbx1 0 How will we recognize a message that Yahweh has not spoken? “How will we know if the message that the prophet speaks is from Yahweh?” Here “we” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 18 22 law3 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking.
|
||||
DEU 18 22 kzp4 figs-metonymy 0 a prophet speaks in the name of Yahweh Here “name of Yahweh” refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate translation: “a prophet claims to speak for me” or “a prophet claims to speak with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 18 22 ys2k 0 the prophet has spoken it arrogantly “the prophet has spoken this message without my authority”
|
||||
DEU 19 intro r53s 0 # Deuteronomy 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice<br>Another way justice would be maintained in Israel was by avoiding revenge killings. This chapter describes the establishment of special cities to protect those fleeing from revenge killings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br><br>### Witnesses<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common for a person to be punished by the testimony of a single person, especially if this was an important person. The rules in this chapter give protection to people, especially the poor by requiring multiple witnesses. This allowed justice to be done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Law of retaliation<br>The chapter describes a famous law, often called the “law of retaliation.” It is said, an “eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.” This does not mean a person who causes another person to lose their eye must have their own eye removed as punishment. This law is not about making all things equal. Instead, it is about limiting the punishment or the ability of a person to retaliate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 1 rka3 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 1 av28 figs-metaphor 0 When Yahweh your God cuts off the nations Yahweh destroying the people who live in Canaan is spoken of as if he were cutting them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 1 jh1z figs-metonymy 0 the nations This represents the people groups that live in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 1 y55w 0 those whose land Yahweh your God is giving you “those nations who were living in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you”
|
||||
DEU 19 1 kl51 0 come after them “take the land from those nations” or “possess the land after those nations are gone”
|
||||
DEU 19 2 l8je translate-numbers 0 select three cities “choose 3 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 19 3 ty5v figs-explicit 0 You must build a road They were to build roads so that it would be easy for people to travel to these cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 3 g91q figs-explicit 0 divide the borders of your land into three parts It is implied that one of the cities they choose must be in each part of the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 3 psa1 figs-metaphor 0 the land that Yahweh your God is causing you to inherit Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if the people are inheriting the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 4 inz6 0 This is the instruction “These are the instructions” or “These are the directions”
|
||||
DEU 19 4 v7rc figs-ellipsis 0 concerning the one who kills another The word “person” is understood. Alternate translation: “for a person who kills another person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 19 4 cez8 0 and flees from there “and who escapes to one of these cities” or “who runs to one of these cities”
|
||||
DEU 19 4 k7eb 0 the one who unintentionally kills his neighbor Here “neighbor” means any person in general. Alternate translation: “any person who kills another person by accident”
|
||||
DEU 19 4 uvu6 figs-explicit 0 without hating him at the time of the accident “but did not hate his neighbor before he killed him.” This implies there was no cause for him to kill his neighbor purposely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 5 qb1k figs-hypo 0 For example, if a man goes into the forest … to cut wood The author gives a hypothetical situation where a person accidentally kills another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
DEU 19 5 i3cb 0 the ax head slips off of the handle The iron part of the ax comes off the wooden handle.
|
||||
DEU 19 5 wkv1 0 strikes his neighbor and kills him This means the head of the ax hits and kills the neighbor.
|
||||
DEU 19 5 l3mr figs-explicit 0 to one of these cities and save his life It is implied that the family of the dead man may try to get revenge. The man who killed him can flee to one of these cities, and the people there would protect him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 6 y7gu 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 6 qq6p figs-metonymy 0 the avenger of blood Here “blood” represents the person who was killed. An “avenger of blood” is a close relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 6 xgi5 figs-idiom 0 the one who took a life This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the one who killed the other person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 6 xc46 figs-metaphor 0 in the heat of his anger Someone being very angry is spoken of as if anger were something that could become hot. Alternate translation: “and being very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 6 ugg9 0 strike him and kill him “And the blood avenger strikes and kills the one who had killed the other person”
|
||||
DEU 19 6 z4dg 0 though that man did not deserve to die, since he had not hated his neighbor in the past “though that man did not deserve to die since he accidentally killed the other person and was not his enemy, and he had not planned to hurt the man”
|
||||
DEU 19 8 bj18 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 8 ge7t 0 enlarges your borders “gives you more land to possess”
|
||||
DEU 19 8 d84s 0 as he has sworn to your ancestors to do “like he promised your ancestors that he would do”
|
||||
DEU 19 9 a3eh 0 if you keep all these commandments to do them “if you obey all these commandments”
|
||||
DEU 19 9 jg6e figs-metaphor 0 to always walk in his ways How God wants a person to live or behave is spoken of as if it were Yahweh’s way or road. A person who obeys Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s way or road. Alternate translation: “to always obey him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 9 yw53 translate-numbers 0 then you must add three more cities for yourself The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “then you must choose three more cities for a person to escape to if he accidentally kills someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 9 v9ky translate-numbers 0 besides these three “in addition to the three cities you already established” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 pz9n figs-activepassive 0 Do this so that innocent blood is not shed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do this so that family members do not kill an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 nw4x figs-metonymy 0 innocent blood is not shed Here “blood” represents a person’s life. To shed blood means to kill a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one kills an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 g3td 0 in the midst of the land “in the land” or “in the territory”
|
||||
DEU 19 10 xf54 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh your God is giving you for as an inheritance The land that Yahweh is giving the people of Israel is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 jrj7 figs-metaphor 0 so that no bloodguilt may be on you The people of Israel being guilty for a person dying because they did not build a city where he would be safe from the “blood avenger” is spoken of as if the guilt of his death is on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 swl5 figs-metonymy 0 bloodguilt Here “blood” represents a life and “bloodguilt” refers to the guilt someone has for killing an innocent person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 10 p59g 0 may be on you This means that if a family member kills an innocent person, then all the people of Israel will be guilty for letting that happen.
|
||||
DEU 19 11 vzh1 0 his neighbor Here “neighbor” means any person in general.
|
||||
DEU 19 11 c5ne figs-explicit 0 lies in wait for him The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “hides and waits in order to kill him” or “plans to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 11 k2et figs-idiom 0 rises up against him This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “attacks him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 11 fl1g 0 mortally wounds him so that he dies “hurts him so that he dies” or “and kills him”
|
||||
DEU 19 12 y76n 0 must send and bring him back from there “must send someone to get him and bring him back from the city that he escaped to”
|
||||
DEU 19 12 w6c5 figs-idiom 0 turn him over This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “give him over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 12 wm9p figs-metonymy 0 into the hand of the responsible relative Here “the hand” represents the authority of someone. Alternate translation: “to the authority of the responsible relative” or “to the responsible relative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 12 mu7q 0 the responsible relative This is the relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer.
|
||||
DEU 19 12 k525 0 he may die “the murderer may die” or “the responsible relative may execute the murderer”
|
||||
DEU 19 13 nzj3 figs-synecdoche 0 Your eye must not pity him Here “your eye” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Do not show him mercy” or “Do not feel sorry for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 19 13 bf7g figs-metonymy 0 you must eradicate the bloodguilt from Israel Here “bloodguilt” represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alternate translation: “you must execute the murderer so that the people of Israel will not be guilty for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 13 m9xl figs-metonymy 0 from Israel Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 19 14 ri32 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 14 il44 figs-explicit 0 You must not remove your neighbor’s landmark The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must not take land away from your neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 14 z3yt 0 they set in place “that your ancestors placed”
|
||||
DEU 19 14 aq1b 0 a long time ago Moses means that when the people have lived in the land for a long time, they should not move the borders that their ancestors made when they first took the land.
|
||||
DEU 19 14 xa6i figs-metaphor 0 in your inheritance that you will inherit, in the land that Yahweh your God is giving you to possess Yahweh giving the land to the people of Israel is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land. Alternate translation: “in the land that Yahweh your God is giving to you to possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 19 15 d18z 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 15 qy58 0 One sole witness “A single witness” or “Only one witness”
|
||||
DEU 19 15 j3fr figs-idiom 0 must not rise up against a man Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “must not speak to the judges about something bad that a man did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 15 am59 0 in any matter that he sins “anytime that a man does something bad”
|
||||
DEU 19 15 hv5m figs-metonymy 0 at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses Here “mouth” represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate translation: “at the testimony of at least two or three people” or “based on what at least two or three people say happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 15 b9c6 figs-activepassive 0 must any matter be confirmed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will you confirm that the man is guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 19 16 nhi5 0 Suppose that “When” or “If”
|
||||
DEU 19 16 ece2 0 an unrighteous witness “a witness who intends to harm someone else”
|
||||
DEU 19 16 zqg3 figs-idiom 0 rises up against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing Here “rise up” means to stand up in court and speak against someone to a judge. Alternate translation: “tells the judge that a man sinned in order to get the man in trouble” or “tells the judge that a man sinned, so the judge will punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 17 e77t 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 19 17 l9ti 0 the ones between whom the controversy exists “the ones who disagree with one another”
|
||||
DEU 19 17 xh66 figs-explicit 0 must stand before Yahweh, before the priests and the judges This means the two persons must go to the sanctuary where Yahweh’s presence dwells. At the sanctuary are priests and judges who have the authority to make legal decisions for Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 17 d8nf figs-idiom 0 stand before Yahweh, before the priests and the judges The phrase “stand before” is an idiom. It means to go to someone with authority and let him make a legal decision about a matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 19 18 cr9r 0 The judges must make diligent inquiries “The judges must work very hard to determine what happened”
|
||||
DEU 19 19 b5ya 0 then must you do to him, as he had wished to do to his brother “then you must punish the false witness in the same way as he wanted you to punish the other man”
|
||||
DEU 19 19 p5aa figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil from among you The nominal adjective “the evil” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “you will remove the evil practice from among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 19 20 a23d 0 Then those who remain “When you punish the false witness, the rest of the people”
|
||||
DEU 19 20 n7hc figs-explicit 0 will hear and fear The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about the punishment and be afraid of getting punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 19 20 wqw9 0 commit no longer any such evil “never again do something evil like that”
|
||||
DEU 19 21 z5fm figs-synecdoche 0 Your eyes must not pity Here “eyes” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “You must not pity him” or “You must not show him mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 19 21 nz4x figs-ellipsis 0 life will pay for life … foot for foot Here the phrases are shortened because the meaning is understood. It means the people must punish a person in the same way that he harmed another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 20 intro qq8m 0 # Deuteronomy 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s protection<br>Israel was not to worry about the power and strength of other nations. Instead, they were to trust in the power of Yahweh. He is the source of their military strength and protection. This is why a priest leads them into battle, rather than a military commander. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])<br><br>### Holy war<br>Israel’s conquering of the Promised Land was unique in history. It was a type of holy war and had special rules. This war was really Yahweh’s punishment against the sin of the Canaanite people. If the people were not completely destroyed, they would cause Israel to sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### “What man is there”<br>This phrase is used several times to introduce a rhetorical question. The questions are intended to tell the readers that Yahweh only wants soldiers who are completely dedicated to fighting for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Excused from fighting<br>In ancient Israel, men were excused from fighting in battle for several different reasons. Some of these reasons are mentioned in this chapter. Apparently, needing to establish a new house, the need to harvest a field and cowardice were possible excuses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 20 1 x89z 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 20 1 ei7a 0 When you march out to battle against your enemies “When you go out to fight in a war against your enemies”
|
||||
DEU 20 1 r5j1 figs-explicit 0 see horses, chariots People considered an army with many horses and chariots to be very strong. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 20 1 ta4q 0 he who brought you up out of the land of Egypt Yahweh brought the people from Egypt to Canaan. It was common to use the word “up” to refer to traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh who led you out from the land of Egypt”
|
||||
DEU 20 2 a8vr 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 20 2 qi76 0 speak to the people “speak to the soldiers of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 20 3 fy5i figs-parallelism 0 Do not let your hearts faint. Do not fear or tremble. Do not be afraid of them These four expressions all mean the same thing and strongly emphasize that they are not to be afraid. If your language does not have four ways to express this concept, you may use less than four. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 20 3 e17d figs-metonymy 0 Do not let your hearts faint Here “hearts” represents people’s courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means “Do not be afraid.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 20 4 mdt8 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh your God is the one who is going with you to fight for you against your enemies Yahweh defeating the enemies of the people of Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight along with the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 20 4 fvb1 0 to save you “to give you victory”
|
||||
DEU 20 5 dxx2 0 General Information: Moses says what the army officers must say to the people of Israel before a battle.
|
||||
DEU 20 5 i6ss figs-explicit 0 The officers must speak One of the officers’ jobs was to decide who could leave the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 20 5 x2xn 0 What man is there … Let him go and return to his house “If any soldier here has built a new house and has not dedicated it, he should go back to his house”
|
||||
DEU 20 5 ti4c figs-hypo 0 so that he does not die in battle and another man dedicates it The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not dedicate his house instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
DEU 20 6 yru7 0 General Information: Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
|
||||
DEU 20 6 vr9v 0 Is there anyone who has planted … Let him go home “If any soldier here has a new vineyard, but has not yet harvested its grapes, he should go back to his house”
|
||||
DEU 20 6 tal6 figs-hypo 0 so he will not die in battle and another man enjoy its fruit The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man will not harvest its fruit instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
DEU 20 7 n1rz 0 What man is there who is engaged to marry a woman … Let him go home “If any soldier here has promised to marry a woman, but has not yet married her, he should go back to his house”
|
||||
DEU 20 7 c3bq figs-hypo 0 so that he does not die in battle and another man marries her The officer is describing a situation that could possibly happen to a soldier. Alternate translation: “so that, if he dies in battle, another man does not marry her instead of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
DEU 20 8 q7ui 0 General Information: Moses continues describing situations that allow a man to leave the military.
|
||||
DEU 20 8 bjh6 0 What man is there who is fearful or fainthearted? Let him go and return to his house “If any soldier here is afraid and not brave, he should go back to his house”
|
||||
DEU 20 8 xs8n figs-doublet 0 fearful or fainthearted Both of these words mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “afraid to fight in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 20 8 vra8 figs-idiom 0 his brother’s heart does not melt like his own heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “another Israelite does not become afraid like he is afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 20 8 j8t4 figs-metonymy 0 brother’s heart … his own heart Here “heart” represents a person’s courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 20 9 bl8n 0 they must appoint commanders over them “the officers must appoint people to be commanders and to lead the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 20 10 tgm2 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 20 10 gc68 figs-metonymy 0 When you march up to attack a city Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When you go to attack the people of a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 20 10 bde3 0 make those people an offer of peace “give the people in the city a chance to surrender”
|
||||
DEU 20 11 yd6l figs-metonymy 0 open their gates to you Here “gates” refers to the city gates. The phrase “open their gates to you” represents the people surrendering and allowing the Israelites to enter their city. Alternate translation: “let you enter their city peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 20 11 lru9 figs-activepassive 0 all the people who are found in it This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the people in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 20 11 pf8b 0 must become forced labor for you “must become your slaves”
|
||||
DEU 20 12 c8y1 figs-metonymy 0 But if it makes no offer of peace Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate translation: “But if the people of the city do not surrender” or “But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 20 14 hl2w 0 the little ones “the children”
|
||||
DEU 20 14 h4ld 0 all its spoil “all the valuable things”
|
||||
DEU 20 14 yev9 0 booty These are the valuable things which people who win a battle take from the people they attacked.
|
||||
DEU 20 15 yvw9 figs-metonymy 0 all the cities Here “cities” represents the people. Alternate translation: “all the people who live in cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 20 16 n8lj 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 20 16 wi9a figs-metaphor 0 In the cities of these peoples that Yahweh your God is giving you as an inheritance The cities in Canaan that Yahweh is giving to the people is spoken of as if the cities were the people’s inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 20 16 ql5j figs-litotes 0 you must save alive nothing that breathes “you must not let any living thing stay alive.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must kill every living thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 20 17 v49s 0 you must completely destroy them “you must completely destroy these people groups”
|
||||
DEU 20 18 kl2b 0 Do this so that they “Destroy these nations so that they”
|
||||
DEU 20 18 ya8k 0 to act in any of their abominable ways … their gods “to act in abominable ways like the people in these nations have done with their gods”
|
||||
DEU 20 18 i63g 0 If you do, you will sin against Yahweh your God “If you act like these people, you will sin against Yahweh your God”
|
||||
DEU 20 19 lcz9 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 20 19 sqm5 0 wage war “fight in a war”
|
||||
DEU 20 19 sg5n 0 by wielding an ax against them “by cutting down the trees with an ax”
|
||||
DEU 20 19 m55u figs-rquestion 0 For is the tree of the field a man whom you should besiege? This rhetorical question is to remind the people of what they should already know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “For fruit trees are not people, so they are not your enemy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 20 20 gis7 0 you know are not trees for food “you know are not trees that grow fruit to eat”
|
||||
DEU 20 20 czc4 0 siege works These are tools and structures, such as ladders and towers, that are needed to lay siege to a city.
|
||||
DEU 20 20 g9ny figs-idiom 0 until it falls This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “until the people of the city lose the war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 20 20 fdg1 figs-metonymy 0 it falls Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 21 intro qfb6 0 # Deuteronomy 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Elders<br>Older men were required to lead the people of Israel and help to administer justice. These men would function as judges, which would later become a more official position. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>### Peace in Israel<br>The rules and instructions in this chapter help to ensure peace in Israel. This is not a military peace. Instead, it is about establishing peace within Israel and among the people.
|
||||
DEU 21 1 g61z 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 21 1 z641 figs-activepassive 0 If someone is found killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a person whom someone else has killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 1 iqh7 0 lying in the field The dead person is lying in the field.
|
||||
DEU 21 1 w5dt figs-activepassive 0 it is not known who has attacked him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nobody knows who attacked him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 2 p5xl 0 they must measure to the cities “they must measure the distance to the cities”
|
||||
DEU 21 2 kj57 figs-activepassive 0 him who has been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “him whom someone has killed” or “the dead body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 3 qle9 0 has not borne the yoke “has not worn a yoke”
|
||||
DEU 21 4 c4aq figs-idiom 0 running water This is an idiom for water that is moving. Alternate translation: “a stream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 21 4 cc7w figs-activepassive 0 a valley that has been neither plowed nor sown This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a valley where nobody has plowed the ground or planted seeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 5 lut7 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 21 5 k6ht 0 must come forward “must come to the valley”
|
||||
DEU 21 5 f1vj 0 for Yahweh your God has chosen them to serve him “because the priests are the ones whom Yahweh your God has chosen to serve him”
|
||||
DEU 21 5 et1i figs-you 0 Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites as if he were speaking to one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 5 gjj4 0 give blessing “bless the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 21 5 dtv4 figs-metonymy 0 in the name of Yahweh Here the metonym “in the name of” refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate translation: “as one who says and does what Yahweh himself would say and do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 21 5 d9ju 0 Yahweh and to decide every case of dispute and assault by their word “Yahweh, and they will be the ones who settle all disagreements and cases of violence”
|
||||
DEU 21 6 m3db 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 21 6 sd84 figs-activepassive 0 the heifer whose neck was broken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the heifer whose neck the priests broke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 7 f8zq 0 they must answer to the case “they must testify to Yahweh about this case”
|
||||
DEU 21 7 hzz3 figs-synecdoche 0 Our hands have not shed this blood Here “hands” are a synecdoche for the whole person and “shed this blood” is a metonym for killing an innocent person. Alternate translation: “We did not kill this innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 21 7 p19h figs-synecdoche 0 neither have our eyes seen it Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “and we did not see anyone kill this person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 21 8 n8mm figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to tell the elders what they should say when they wash their hands over the heifer. He speaks to them as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 8 zi6q figs-metaphor 0 whom you have redeemed Yahweh rescuing the people of Israel from being slaves in Egypt is spoken of as if Yahweh paid money to redeem his people from slavery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 21 8 h6er figs-idiom 0 do not put guilt for innocent bloodshed in the midst of your people Israel This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “do not treat your people Israel as if they are guilty of killing an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 21 8 ay2y figs-activepassive 0 Then the bloodshed will be forgiven them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh will forgive his people Israel for the death of an innocent person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 9 jt76 0 you will put away the innocent blood from your midst “you will not be guilty any more of killing an innocent person”
|
||||
DEU 21 9 xm7q figs-metaphor 0 what is right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what is right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 21 10 wt6l figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 10 l9ii 0 you go out “you who are soldiers go out”
|
||||
DEU 21 11 bd8u 0 you have a desire for her Use a polite phrase for “you want to sleep with her.”
|
||||
DEU 21 11 s5ud 0 wish to take her for yourself as a wife “want to marry her”
|
||||
DEU 21 12 jv5u 0 she will shave her head “she will shave the hair off of her head”
|
||||
DEU 21 12 z3hf 0 cut her nails “cut her fingernails”
|
||||
DEU 21 13 vnh6 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 13 b55v figs-explicit 0 she will take off the clothes she was wearing She will do this after the man brings her to his house and when she shaves her head and cuts her fingernails and toenails as mentioned in [Deuteronomy 21:12](../21/12.md). The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “she will take off the clothes of her people and put on Israelite clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 21 13 b4yf figs-activepassive 0 when she was taken captive This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when you took her captive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 13 r21s 0 a full month “an entire month” or “a whole month”
|
||||
DEU 21 13 r54x figs-euphemism 0 After that you may lie with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “After that you may have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 21 14 ft5h figs-explicit 0 But if you take no delight in her You may need to make explicit that the man sleeps with the woman. Alternate translation: “But if you sleep with her and then decide that you do not want her as your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 21 14 m4xj 0 let her go where she wishes “let her go wherever she wants to go”
|
||||
DEU 21 14 p6ul 0 because you have humiliated her “because you shamed her by sleeping with her and then sending her away”
|
||||
DEU 21 15 s91j 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 21 15 v2gp figs-activepassive 0 one is loved and the other is hated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: This could mean: (1) “the man loves one of his wives and he hates the other wife” or (2) “the man loves one wife more than he loves the other wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 15 jg5e figs-activepassive 0 if the firstborn son is of her that is hated This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the firstborn son belongs to the wife whom the man hates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 16 f8q7 0 then on the day that the man “when the man”
|
||||
DEU 21 16 ym4g 0 the man causes his sons to inherit what he possesses “the man gives his possessions to his sons as an inheritance”
|
||||
DEU 21 16 zf5n 0 he may not make the son of the beloved wife the firstborn before the son of the hated wife “he may not treat the son of the beloved wife as if he were the firstborn instead of the son of the hated wife”
|
||||
DEU 21 17 jb7c 0 a double portion “twice as much”
|
||||
DEU 21 17 njj9 figs-idiom 0 that son is the beginning of his strength This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that son is the one who shows that the man can become the father of sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 21 18 a2e9 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 21 18 m9cz figs-metonymy 0 who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate translation: “who will not obey what his father or mother say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 21 18 k2qr 0 they correct him “they punish him for his wrongdoing” or “they train and instruct him”
|
||||
DEU 21 19 tfk2 0 must lay hold on him and bring him out “must force him to come out”
|
||||
DEU 21 20 xgq4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 20 l217 0 This son of ours “Our son”
|
||||
DEU 21 20 v2fh figs-metonymy 0 he will not obey our voice Here “voice” is a metonym for what a person says or a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “he will not do what we tell him to do” or “he will not obey us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 21 20 pp95 0 a glutton a person who eats and drinks too much
|
||||
DEU 21 20 a7nu 0 a drunkard a person who drinks too much alcohol and gets drunk often
|
||||
DEU 21 21 f1vt 0 stone him to death with stones “throw stones at him until he dies”
|
||||
DEU 21 21 y2jq figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil from among you The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 21 21 eax8 figs-metonymy 0 All Israel The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “All the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 21 21 dpr6 figs-explicit 0 will hear of it and fear The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will hear about what happened to the son and be afraid that the people will punish them also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 21 22 bv2t figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel as if he were speaking to one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 21 22 nh6m 0 If a man has committed a sin worthy of death “If a man has done something so bad that you need to punish him by killing him”
|
||||
DEU 21 22 h9vx figs-activepassive 0 he is put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you execute him” or “you kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 22 hfw9 0 you hang him on a tree This could mean: (1) “after he has died you hang him on a tree” or (2) “you kill him by hanging him on a wooden post”
|
||||
DEU 21 23 y9lb 0 bury him the same day “bury him on the same day as when you execute him”
|
||||
DEU 21 23 ztq8 figs-activepassive 0 for whoever is hanged is cursed by God This can be stated in active form. This could mean: (1) “because God curses everyone whom people hang on trees” and (2) “people hang on trees those whom God has cursed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 21 23 i54a 0 do not defile the land by leaving something God has cursed hanging in the tree
|
||||
DEU 22 intro hk1i 0 # Deuteronomy 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Order in Israel<br>The instructions in this chapter help to maintain order in this chapter. The people are to have integrity. The people’s sin will result in serious punishment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Virgin woman<br>If a woman was not a virgin, she was not considered to be worth marrying. The man who slept with her was responsible for providing for her since she will not be able to find a husband to provide for her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 22 1 b8pa figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 1 j8sq 0 go astray “walk away from its owner”
|
||||
DEU 22 1 z51n figs-idiom 0 hide yourself from them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “act as if you do not see them” or “go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 22 2 k4ri 0 If your fellow Israelite is not near to you “If your fellow Israelite lives far away from you”
|
||||
DEU 22 2 x6el 0 or if you do not know him “or if you do not know who the owner of the animal is”
|
||||
DEU 22 2 lk81 0 it must be with you until he looks for it “you must keep the animal with you until its owner comes looking for it”
|
||||
DEU 22 3 ez2b figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 3 aj2b 0 You must do the same with his donkey “You must return his donkey in the same way”
|
||||
DEU 22 3 xyi9 0 you must do the same with his garment “you must return his clothing in the same way”
|
||||
DEU 22 3 hk97 figs-idiom 0 you must not hide yourself This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you must not act as if you do not see that he has lost something” or “you must not go away without doing anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 22 4 zc1c 0 you must surely help him to lift it up again “you must help your fellow Israelite lift the animal back up onto its feet”
|
||||
DEU 22 5 pz6w 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 5 jd6y 0 what pertains to a man “men’s clothing”
|
||||
DEU 22 6 ciu1 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 6 jzz5 0 bird’s nest a home that birds make for themselves out of sticks, grass, plants, and mud
|
||||
DEU 22 6 j3em 0 with young ones or eggs in it “with baby birds or eggs in the nest”
|
||||
DEU 22 6 d5x9 0 the mother sitting on the young “the mother bird is sitting on the baby birds”
|
||||
DEU 22 7 f4iz figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 22 8 yyd6 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 8 bt5j 0 a railing for your roof a low fence around the edge of the roof so people will not fall off the roof
|
||||
DEU 22 8 f2cy figs-metonymy 0 so that you do not bring blood on your house Blood is a symbol for death. Alternate translation: “so that it will not be the fault of your household if someone dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 22 8 g9kr 0 if anyone falls from there “if anyone falls from the roof because you did not make a railing”
|
||||
DEU 22 9 c3ah figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 9 de7h figs-metonymy 0 so that the whole harvest is not confiscated by the holy place The words “holy place” is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the priests in Yahweh’s holy place do not take away the whole harvest” or “so that you do not defile the whole harvest and the priests do not allow you to use it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 22 9 yx66 0 the yield of the vineyard “the fruit that grows in the vineyard”
|
||||
DEU 22 11 x3xx 0 wool soft, curly hair that grows on a sheep
|
||||
DEU 22 11 a4tf translate-unknown 0 linen thread made from the flax plant (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 22 12 f6fs figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 12 dlr4 0 fringes threads that are bound together and hang from the end of each corner of the cloak
|
||||
DEU 22 12 r2vr 0 the cloak a long garment that a person wears over his other clothes
|
||||
DEU 22 13 ej5s 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 13 bv6z figs-euphemism 0 he goes in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 14 ir9k 0 then accuses her of shameful things “then accuses her of having slept with someone before she was married”
|
||||
DEU 22 14 qkl1 figs-abstractnouns 0 puts a bad reputation on her The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “makes other people think she is a bad person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 14 pd58 figs-euphemism 0 but when I came near to her This is a polite way of saying “to have sexual relations with someone.” Alternate translation: “but when I slept with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 14 l34f 0 I found no proof of virginity in her The abstract noun “proof” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “she could not prove to me that she was a virgin”
|
||||
DEU 22 15 m57e 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 15 k5i1 figs-abstractnouns 0 must take proof of her virginity The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “must take something that proves that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 16 vy46 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 17 i7ju figs-explicit 0 he has accused her of shameful things The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has accused her of having slept with someone before he married her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 22 17 m954 figs-abstractnouns 0 I did not find in your daughter the proof of virginity The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “Your daughter could not prove that she has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 17 bhe3 figs-abstractnouns 0 But here is the proof of my daughter’s virginity The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “But this proves that my daughter has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 17 sdd9 figs-explicit 0 Then they will spread the garment out before the elders of the city The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “And then the mother and father will show the clothing with the bloodstain to the elders as proof that she was a virgin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 22 18 q13n 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 19 c6dg 0 they must fine him “they must make him pay as a punishment”
|
||||
DEU 22 19 j3h6 translate-bmoney 0 one hundred shekels “100 shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 22 19 njg8 0 give them to the father of the girl “give the money to the father of the girl”
|
||||
DEU 22 19 q46p figs-abstractnouns 0 has caused a bad reputation for a virgin of Israel The abstract noun “reputation” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “has caused people to think that a virgin of Israel is a bad person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 19 w6zh 0 he may not send her away “never allow him to divorce her”
|
||||
DEU 22 19 sb61 figs-idiom 0 during all his days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “for his entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 22 20 u7al 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 22 20 b2ml 0 But if this thing is true “But if it is true” or “But if what the man said is true”
|
||||
DEU 22 20 h9vv figs-activepassive 0 that the proof of virginity was not found in the girl This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the man did not find proof that the girl was a virgin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 22 20 ut1j figs-abstractnouns 0 the proof of virginity The abstract nouns “proof” and “virginity” can be translated as verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “something that proves that the girl has never had sexual relations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 22 21 u35w 0 then they must bring out the girl “then the elders must bring out the girl”
|
||||
DEU 22 21 tr69 0 stone her to death with stones “throw stones at her until she dies”
|
||||
DEU 22 21 r68j 0 because she has committed a disgraceful action in Israel “because she has done a disgraceful thing in Israel”
|
||||
DEU 22 21 lq2i 0 to act as a harlot in her father’s house “acting like a harlot while living in her father’s house”
|
||||
DEU 22 21 n3u5 figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 22 22 tr9p figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 22 gj36 figs-activepassive 0 If a man is found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone finds a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 22 22 jwc2 figs-euphemism 0 lying with This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “having sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 22 td33 0 and you will remove “in this way you will remove”
|
||||
DEU 22 23 a6yj figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 23 gh34 0 engaged to a man “who is promised to marry a man”
|
||||
DEU 22 23 qw6x figs-euphemism 0 lies with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 24 pa9s figs-you 0 take … and stone These commands are addressed to Israel as a group and so are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 22 24 y57q 0 take both of them “then you must bring both the girl and the man who slept with her”
|
||||
DEU 22 24 imu5 0 because she did not cry out “because she did not call for help”
|
||||
DEU 22 24 h5rb figs-explicit 0 because he violated his neighbor’s wife The Israelites at that time thought of a man and woman who had engaged each other for marriage as husband and wife. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he slept with a girl who belongs to a fellow Israelite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 22 24 h8jh figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil from among you The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 22 25 bbb7 0 the engaged girl a girl whose parents have agreed to let her marry a certain man, but she has not married him yet
|
||||
DEU 22 25 g61l figs-euphemism 0 lies with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 25 y33y 0 then only the man who lies with her must die “then you must only kill the man who lay with her”
|
||||
DEU 22 26 x3q2 0 there is no sin worthy of death in the girl “you are not to punish her by killing her for what she did”
|
||||
DEU 22 26 xrs6 0 For this case is like when a man attacks his neighbor and kills him “Because this situation is like the situation when somebody attacks another person and kills him”
|
||||
DEU 22 27 qqe5 0 For he found her in the field “Because the man found the girl working in the field”
|
||||
DEU 22 28 s17p 0 but who is not engaged “but whose parents have not promised another man that she will marry him”
|
||||
DEU 22 28 i4cs figs-euphemism 0 lies with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “has sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 22 28 m9ah figs-activepassive 0 if they are discovered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if somebody finds out what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 22 29 tr9z translate-bmoney 0 fifty shekels of silver A shekel weighs eleven grams. Alternate translation: “fifty pieces of silver” or “550 grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 22 29 yb82 figs-idiom 0 He may not send her away during all his days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He must never divorce her during his entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 22 30 hh8b figs-explicit 0 must not take his father’s wife as his own The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must not marry his father’s former wife, even if she is not his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 intro rn7c 0 # Deuteronomy 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The assembly of Yahweh<br>This was probably the corporate worship of Yahweh, when the people would come together to worship him.<br><br>### Racial superiority<br>Yahweh viewed Israel as superior to the other nations of Canaan. In many cultures, this may be seen as immoral. It must be remembered that the instructions of this chapter are very remote from the modern world. These people groups were always sinful and idolatrous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
DEU 23 1 r8v9 0 man injured by crushing or cutting off “man whose private body parts someone has crushed or cut off”
|
||||
DEU 23 1 z8kb figs-idiom 0 may enter the assembly of Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 2 j67e 0 illegitimate child This could mean: (1) a child born to parents who committed incest or adultery or (2) a child born to a prostitute.
|
||||
DEU 23 2 eh16 translate-ordinal 0 as far as to the tenth generation of his descendants This “tenth” is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of the illegitimate child’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 23 2 i3u2 0 none of them “none of these descendants”
|
||||
DEU 23 3 zk3j figs-idiom 0 may not belong to the assembly of Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “may not be a full member of the Israelite community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 3 upu4 translate-ordinal 0 as far as to the tenth generation of his descendants This “tenth”is the ordinal number for ten. Alternate translation: “even after ten generations of his descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 23 4 sk15 figs-explicit 0 they did not meet you with bread and with water The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they did not welcome you by bringing you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 4 l814 figs-you 0 against you … curse you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 5 nd5k figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 5 zpa9 figs-idiom 0 would not listen This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “did not pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 5 ag3p 0 turned the curse into a blessing for you “had him bless you and not curse you”
|
||||
DEU 23 6 nk42 0 You must never seek their peace or prosperity This could mean: (1) “You should never make a peace treaty with the Ammonites and the Moabites” or (2) “You must not do anything to cause things to go well for those 2 people groups to enable them to prosper” .
|
||||
DEU 23 6 nxp6 figs-idiom 0 during all your days This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “as long as you are a nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 7 erl6 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 7 pb1s 0 You must not detest an Edomite “Do not hate an Edomite”
|
||||
DEU 23 7 p79b 0 for he is your brother “because he is your relative”
|
||||
DEU 23 7 alf8 0 you must not abhor an Egyptian “do not hate an Egyptian”
|
||||
DEU 23 8 iwm4 translate-ordinal 0 The descendants of the third generation that are born to them may belong to the assembly of Yahweh This “third” is the ordinal number for three. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “If an Edomite or an Egyptian comes to live in the Israelite community, his grandchildren may become full members of that community” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 9 ffs3 figs-you 0 When you march out as an army against your enemies, then you must keep yourselves Moses speaks here to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 9 v59w 0 against your enemies “to fight against your enemies”
|
||||
DEU 23 9 m73w 0 keep yourselves from every evil thing “keep yourselves away from all bad things”
|
||||
DEU 23 10 fmm7 figs-euphemism 0 any man who is unclean because of what happened to him at night This is a polite way of saying that he had an emission of semen. Alternate translation: “any man who is unclean because he had an emission of semen while he was asleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 23 12 myh9 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 13 pw1i 0 you will have something among your tools to dig with “you should have a tool that you can use to dig with”
|
||||
DEU 23 13 sn2i figs-euphemism 0 when you squat down to relieve yourself This is a polite way of saying to defecate. Alternate translation: “when you squat down to defecate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 23 13 k6ti 0 you must dig with it “you must dig a hole with the tool”
|
||||
DEU 23 13 mq5j 0 cover up what has come out from you “cover up your excrement”
|
||||
DEU 23 14 j9zn 0 so that he may not see any unclean thing among you “so that Yahweh may not see any unclean thing among you”
|
||||
DEU 23 15 ba2u figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 15 cfk6 figs-explicit 0 a slave who has escaped from his master The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “a slave from another country who escaped from his master and came to Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 16 c3m8 0 Let him live with you “Let the slave live among your people”
|
||||
DEU 23 17 kr1e figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 17 cmz6 figs-euphemism 0 cultic prostitute … among any of the daughters … among the sons This could mean: (1) Moses openly forbids women and men to perform sexual acts as part of temple service or (2) Moses uses a euphemism to forbid women and men to perform sexual acts to receive money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 23 18 i3pv 0 You must not bring the wages of a prostitute … into the house “A woman who earns money as a prostitute must not bring that money … into the house”
|
||||
DEU 23 18 cdx2 0 a dog a man who allows men to have sex with him for money
|
||||
DEU 23 18 p7wu 0 into the house of Yahweh your God “into the temple”
|
||||
DEU 23 18 nqe5 0 for any vow “to fulfill a vow”
|
||||
DEU 23 18 dw4f 0 both these the wages of a female prostitute and of a male prostitute.
|
||||
DEU 23 19 ad32 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 19 f1z2 0 lend on interest to lend to somebody and force that person to pay back more than was lent
|
||||
DEU 23 19 z4pg 0 interest of money … anything that is lent on interest “you must not charge interest when you lend somebody money, food, or anything else”
|
||||
DEU 23 20 ubn8 figs-idiom 0 all that you put your hand to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “all that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 21 nbs8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 21 q8a9 0 you must not be slow in fulfilling it “you must not take a long time to fulfill the vow”
|
||||
DEU 23 21 cns1 0 for Yahweh your God will surely require it of you “because Yahweh your God will blame you and punish you if you do not fulfill your vow”
|
||||
DEU 23 22 g92k figs-explicit 0 But if you will refrain from making a vow, it will be no sin for you The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But, if you do not make a vow, you will not sin because you will not have a vow to fulfill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 23 d5bw figs-idiom 0 That which has gone out from your lips This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The words you have spoken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 23 23 mp5l 0 according as you have vowed to Yahweh your God “whatever you have vowed to Yahweh your God that you will do”
|
||||
DEU 23 23 cj72 0 anything that you have freely promised with your mouth “anything that people have heard you promise to do because you wanted to do it”
|
||||
DEU 23 23 qm3v 0 with your mouth “so that people heard you say it”
|
||||
DEU 23 24 gy1x figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 23 24 wy4l 0 you may eat as many grapes as you desire “then you may enjoy eating grapes until you are full”
|
||||
DEU 23 24 ris3 figs-explicit 0 but do not put any in your basket The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but you may not put any grapes in your bag to take them away with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 23 25 em5k 0 When you go into your neighbor’s ripe grain “When you walk through your neighbor’s field where there is grain growing”
|
||||
DEU 23 25 v1t5 0 you may pluck the heads of grain with your hand “then you may eat the kernels of grain with your hand”
|
||||
DEU 23 25 jv7v 0 but do not put a sickle to your neighbor’s ripe grain “but do not cut down your neighbor’s ripe grain and take it with you”
|
||||
DEU 23 25 q13q 0 sickle a sharp tool that farmers use to harvest wheat
|
||||
DEU 24 intro l5h3 0 # Deuteronomy 24 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>This chapter continues the teaching about how to maintain justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “No man may take a mill or an upper millstone as a pledge”<br>A millstone was the way a person made a living. To take a person’s millstone was to take away the way they earned money and produced food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Lending money<br>Lending money to fellow Israelites was a way to help them out. It was not intended to be a way to make money off their brothers. This chapter gives limitations regarding the lending of money.
|
||||
DEU 24 1 fn1d 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 24 1 t3lr figs-doublet 0 When a man takes a wife and marries her The phrases “takes a wife” and “marries her” mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “When a man marries a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 24 1 a5ki figs-synecdoche 0 if she finds no favor in his eyes Here the “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “if he decides that he does not like her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 24 1 bk83 0 because he has found some unsuitable thing in her “because for some reason he has decided that he does not want to keep her”
|
||||
DEU 24 1 t5b8 0 he must write her a certificate of divorce “he must give his wife an official paper saying that they are not married anymore”
|
||||
DEU 24 2 s8m8 0 she may go and be another man’s wife “she may go and marry another man”
|
||||
DEU 24 3 i2hq figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about a woman who gets a divorce and marries another man. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 3 x5th 0 If the second husband hates her “If the second husband decides that he hates the woman”
|
||||
DEU 24 3 n5zv 0 certificate of divorce This is an official paper saying that the man and woman are not married anymore. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:1](../24/01.md).
|
||||
DEU 24 3 fwe1 0 puts it into her hand “gives it to the woman”
|
||||
DEU 24 4 pjf5 figs-explicit 0 after she has become impure The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after she has become unclean by the divorce and remarriage to another man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 24 4 wx6u figs-personification 0 You must not cause the land to become guilty The land is spoken of as if it could sin. Alternate translation: “You must not spread guilt around in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 24 5 k6dj 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 24 5 kq76 0 When a man takes a new wife “When a man is newly married to a woman”
|
||||
DEU 24 5 e825 figs-activepassive 0 neither may he be commanded to go on any forced duty This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and no one is to force him to live away from his home and do any kind of work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 5 r7e9 0 he will be free to be at home “he will be free to live at home”
|
||||
DEU 24 6 ug4c 0 mill a tool for making flour by grinding grain in between two heavy discs of stone
|
||||
DEU 24 6 uas9 0 upper millstone the top disc of stone in a mill
|
||||
DEU 24 6 sp1u figs-metonymy 0 for that would be taking a person’s life as a pledge The word “life” is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate translation: “because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 24 7 pj12 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 7 q93t figs-idiom 0 If a man is found kidnapping This is an idiom for “If a man kidnaps.” It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find a man kidnapping” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 7 mk1d 0 kidnapping using physical force to take an innocent person away from his home and imprison him
|
||||
DEU 24 7 zk84 0 any of his brothers from among the people of Israel “any of his fellow Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 24 7 e6gc 0 that thief must die “then other Israelites should kill that thief as a punishment for what he did”
|
||||
DEU 24 7 jx4a figs-nominaladj 0 you will remove the evil from among you The adjective “evil” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “you must remove from among the Israelites the person who does this evil thing” or “you must execute this evil person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
DEU 24 8 xl5c 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 24 8 s2sl figs-you 0 Take heed … you carefully observe Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “take heed” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 8 a4y7 0 Take heed regarding any plague of leprosy “Pay attention if you suffer from leprosy” or “Pay attention if you have leprosy”
|
||||
DEU 24 8 g4nu figs-activepassive 0 every instruction given to you which the priests, the Levites, teach you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all of the instructions that I have given you and that the priests, who are Levites, teach you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 8 bq6f figs-you 0 teach you … you will act Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so these instances of the word “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 8 ha1s 0 as I commanded them, so you will act “you must make sure that you do exactly what I have commanded them”
|
||||
DEU 24 8 gr6s 0 commanded them The word “them” refers to the priests, who are Levites.
|
||||
DEU 24 9 dz97 figs-you 0 Call to mind what Yahweh your God Moses speaks to the Israelites here as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “call to mind” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 9 svp3 figs-you 0 you were coming out Moses here speaks to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 9 rhd1 figs-idiom 0 Call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 24 9 ue24 0 as you were coming out of Egypt “during the time when you were leaving Egypt”
|
||||
DEU 24 10 g9z2 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 10 p9qp 0 When you make your neighbor any kind of loan “When you loan something to your neighbor”
|
||||
DEU 24 10 dgw3 0 to fetch his pledge “to take his pledge”
|
||||
DEU 24 10 t462 0 his pledge This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan.
|
||||
DEU 24 11 l4zm 0 You will stand outside “You should wait outside his house”
|
||||
DEU 24 12 igs8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 12 p99v 0 you must not lie down to sleep with his pledge in your possession “you must not keep his coat overnight” or “you must return his pledge before you lie down to sleep”
|
||||
DEU 24 12 ub2f 0 his pledge This refers to what he has promised that he would give you if he did not pay back the loan. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 24:10](../24/10.md).
|
||||
DEU 24 13 ak4z 0 restore to him the pledge “give him back what he has given you to show that he will pay back the loan”
|
||||
DEU 24 13 b8d7 figs-explicit 0 so that he may sleep in his cloak and bless you The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “so that he will have his coat to keep himself warm when he sleeps, and he will be grateful to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 24 13 rg78 0 cloak This is a coat or other clothing that keeps a person warm at night. This was probably the “pledge” Moses was speaking of in [Deuteronomy 24:10-12](./10.md).
|
||||
DEU 24 13 ju2d 0 it will be righteousness for you before Yahweh your God “Yahweh your God will approve of the way you handled this matter”
|
||||
DEU 24 14 wp93 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 14 w8gq 0 You must not oppress a hired servant “You must not treat a hired servant poorly”
|
||||
DEU 24 14 lbh8 0 hired servant a person who gets paid daily for his work
|
||||
DEU 24 14 siq5 figs-doublet 0 poor and needy These two words have similar meanings and emphasize that this is a person who cannot help himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 24 14 pkc6 figs-synecdoche 0 within your city gates Here “city gates” mean towns or cities. Alternate translation: “in one of your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 24 15 msa8 0 Each day you must give him his wage “You should give the man the money he earns every single day”
|
||||
DEU 24 15 en53 figs-idiom 0 the sun must not go down on this unsettled matter This is an idiom. The Israelites considered the new day as starting when the sun went down. Alternate translation: “you should pay the man on the same day he does the work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 24 15 qhi5 figs-explicit 0 for he is poor and is counting on it The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because he is poor and depends on his wages to buy his food for the next day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 24 15 e1ry 0 he does not cry out against you to Yahweh “he does not call out to Yahweh and ask him to punish you”
|
||||
DEU 24 16 f9w8 figs-activepassive 0 The parents must not be put to death for their children This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not execute the parents because of something bad that one of their children did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 16 dm6q figs-activepassive 0 neither must the children be put to death for their parents This can be stated in active form, Alternate translation: “and you must not execute the children because of something bad that their parents did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 16 kpm3 figs-activepassive 0 everyone must be put to death for his own sin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you should only execute a person because of something bad that he did himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 24 17 jt5p figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 17 v5c5 figs-metaphor 0 You must not use force to take away the justice that is due the foreigner or the fatherless Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Alternate translation: “You must not treat a foreigner or the fatherless unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 24 17 p5g1 0 fatherless This refers to children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 24 17 e6gp figs-explicit 0 nor take the widow’s cloak as a pledge A lender would take something from the borrower to ensure that she would pay him back. He was not allowed to take her coat because she needed it to stay warm. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and do not take a widow’s cloak as a pledge because she needs it to stay warm” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 24 18 w91c figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 24 19 x6d4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 19 t9e2 0 When you reap your harvest in your field “When you cut down the grain in your field”
|
||||
DEU 24 19 im2p 0 an omer of grain Some versions translate this as “a sheaf.” Either translation refers to stalks of grain, enough to be easily carried, possibly tied in a bundle.
|
||||
DEU 24 19 nzd1 figs-ellipsis 0 it must be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, or for the widow You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “you must leave the sheaf so a foreigner, an orphan, or a widow can take it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 24 19 xe9h figs-synecdoche 0 in all the work of your hands Here “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 24 20 e142 figs-ellipsis 0 When you shake your olive tree You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “When you shake the branches of your olive tree, causing the olives to fall to the ground so you can pick them up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 24 20 e66f 0 you must not go over the branches again “do not pick every single olive from the tree”
|
||||
DEU 24 20 e3tn figs-ellipsis 0 it will be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, or for the widow You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the olives that stay on the branches are for foreigners, orphans, and widows to pick and take with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 24 21 qg17 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 24 21 h98g 0 What is left over will be for the foreigner, for the fatherless, and for the widow “The grapes that you do not pick will be for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow to pick”
|
||||
DEU 24 21 qsd7 figs-genericnoun 0 for the foreigner, for the fatherless, and for the widow These refer to groups of people. Alternate translation: “for foreigners, for those who are fatherless, and for the widows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 24 22 jte9 figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 25 intro e9vi 0 # Deuteronomy 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues to teach about justice in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “A perfect and just weight you must have”<br>In the ancient Near East, money was weighted on a scale. If a persons weight was off, they were robbing people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 25 1 kk1l 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 25 2 m44y figs-activepassive 0 If the guilty man deserves to be beaten This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If the judge orders them to beat the guilty man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 25 2 b3ki figs-activepassive 0 be beaten in his presence This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will watch them beat him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 25 2 iku9 0 with the ordered number of blows, as was his crime “the number of times he has ordered because of the bad deed he did”
|
||||
DEU 25 3 ytf3 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 25 3 e1n2 translate-numbers 0 The judge may give him forty blows “The judge may say that they should beat the guilty person 40 times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 25 3 p5e2 0 but he may not exceed that number “but the judge may not order them to beat him more than 40 times”
|
||||
DEU 25 3 n2km 0 for if he should exceed that number and beat him with many more blows “because if the judge orders them to beat him many more than 40 times”
|
||||
DEU 25 3 l8ju figs-activepassive 0 then your fellow Israelite would be humiliated before your eyes This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the judge would humiliate your fellow Israelite in front of all of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 25 3 s8b7 figs-synecdoche 0 humiliated before your eyes Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “humiliated, and you would all see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 25 4 zw1w 0 You must not muzzle the ox “You must not put something over the mouth of an ox”
|
||||
DEU 25 4 jy42 0 when he treads out the grain while he separates the grain from the chaff by walking on it or dragging heavy wood over it
|
||||
DEU 25 5 w7si 0 General Information: Moses is still speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 25 5 a1gx 0 If brothers live together This could mean: (1) “If brothers live on the same property” or (2) “If brothers live near each other.”
|
||||
DEU 25 5 e3vx figs-activepassive 0 then the wife of the dead man must not be married off to someone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the family of the dead man must not let the widow marry someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 25 5 y2p8 figs-euphemism 0 shall go in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “shall have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 25 5 j4zw 0 do the duty of a husband’s brother to her “do what the brother of a dead husband is supposed to do”
|
||||
DEU 25 6 tf4h figs-metonymy 0 will succeed in the name of that man’s dead brother The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “will continue the family line of that man’s dead brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 6 d4l7 figs-metonymy 0 so that his name will not perish from Israel The word “name” is a metonym for the person’s family line. Alternate translation: “so that his family line will not disappear from Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 7 clc2 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 25 7 hf36 figs-explicit 0 must go up to the gate to the elders The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “must go up to the city gate where the elders judge cases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 25 7 v965 figs-metonymy 0 refuses to raise up for his brother a name Here “name” refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate translation: “refuses to give his brother a son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 7 d9aj 0 he will not perform the duty of a husband’s brother to me “he will not do what a husband’s brother is supposed to do and marry me”
|
||||
DEU 25 8 sx4h 0 I do not wish to take her “I do not wish to marry her”
|
||||
DEU 25 9 wrp9 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 25 9 d6jx 0 must come up to him in the presence of the elders “must walk up close to him with the elders there watching”
|
||||
DEU 25 9 e9kq figs-metonymy 0 who does not build up his brother’s house Here “house” is a metonym for the family. Alternate translation: “who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother’s family line” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 10 py4m 0 His name will be called in Israel “People in Israel will know his family as”
|
||||
DEU 25 10 hsh9 figs-explicit 0 The house of him whose sandal has been taken off Here removing the sandal symbolizes that the brother would not receive any of the property of his dead brother. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The house of him whose sandal his brother’s widow took off his foot” or “The family of a man who did not marry the wife of his dead brother” or “The family whom everyone despises” or “The family who is shameful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 25 11 qu3t figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 25 11 fd81 figs-metonymy 0 out of the hand of him who struck him Here “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “so the one who struck him will not strike him again” or “from the man who hit him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 12 lc9r figs-synecdoche 0 your eye must have no pity Here “eye” means the whole person. Alternate translation: “you should not feel sorry for her” or “you must not show her mercy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 25 13 m4mm figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 25 13 bt47 figs-explicit 0 You must not have in your bag different weights, a large and a small The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a weight that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a weight that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 25 13 q2yv 0 weights Weights were stones used on a balance to determine how much something weighs
|
||||
DEU 25 14 bt5b figs-explicit 0 You must not have in your house different measures, a large and a small The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. You can also make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “You must not cheat people by using a measure that is larger than you say it is when you buy things and by using a measure that is smaller than you say it is when you sell things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 25 14 n9g6 0 measures A measure was a basket or other container for measuring how much there is of something.
|
||||
DEU 25 15 q2jf figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel about using fair weights and measures when buying and selling. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 25 15 emm1 0 A perfect and just “A correct and fair”
|
||||
DEU 25 15 h3e2 0 weight … measure See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 25:13](../25/13.md).
|
||||
DEU 25 15 lu1x figs-idiom 0 your days may be long This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you may live for a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 25 16 xsn1 0 For all who do such things, all that act unrighteously “because everyone who cheats people by using different sized weights and measures”
|
||||
DEU 25 17 za5v figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 25 17 fs1s figs-idiom 0 Call to mind what Amalek did to you This is an idiom, and “Amalek” is a metonym for the Amelikite people. Alternate translation: “Remember what the Amalekites did to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 25 17 y9yn figs-you 0 as you came out The word “you” here is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 25 18 yp1n 0 how he met you on the road “how they met you along the way”
|
||||
DEU 25 18 h41g 0 attacked those of you at the rear “attacked those of your people who were in the back of the line”
|
||||
DEU 25 18 f2uv 0 all who were feeble in your rear “all the people who were weak in the back of the line”
|
||||
DEU 25 18 bv3r figs-doublet 0 faint and weary These words have similar meanings and emphasize how tired the people were. Alternate translation: “tired and exhausted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 25 18 ig25 figs-explicit 0 he did not honor God The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he was not afraid of God’s punishment” or “he did not respect God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 25 19 gv8d 0 you must blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven “you must kill all of the Amalekites so that nobody will remember them anymore”
|
||||
DEU 26 intro t97p 0 # Deuteronomy 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter recalls the great events of Israel’s history when Yahweh brought them out of Egypt.
|
||||
DEU 26 1 yl9f figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 2 epa3 translate-ordinal 0 some of the first of all the harvest “some of the first fruits of the harvest” or “some of the first crops of the harvest.” This “first” is the ordinal number for one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 26 3 wq9z figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 5 u2nt figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 5 tpv8 0 My ancestor was a wandering Aramean This is the beginning of the statement that the Israelite male should make when bringing his basket.
|
||||
DEU 26 5 tq54 0 a wandering Aramean This refers to Jacob, who was the ancestor of all the Israelites. He lived for many years in Aram-Nahairam, a region located in Syria.
|
||||
DEU 26 5 k6c8 0 stayed there “lived the rest of his life there”
|
||||
DEU 26 5 fi9k figs-metonymy 0 There he became The word “he” is a metonym for “Jacob’s descendants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 26 5 bu5w figs-doublet 0 a great, mighty These words mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Israel became a large and powerful nation. Alternate translation: “very great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 26 6 i527 0 General Information: This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 26 6 ujn6 figs-doublet 0 treated us badly and afflicted us These two phrases say basically the same thing. They emphasize that the Egyptians acted very harshly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 26 6 c31y figs-exclusive 0 treated us Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
DEU 26 7 yr33 figs-metonymy 0 he heard our voice Here “voice” refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate translation: “he heard our cries” or “he heard our prayers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 26 7 g82f 0 our affliction, our labor, and our oppression “that the Egyptians were afflicting us, that we were doing very hard work, and that the Egyptians were oppressing us”
|
||||
DEU 26 8 c2ae 0 General Information: This continues what the Israelite must say when he brings his first crops to Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 26 8 bl9x figs-exclusive 0 Yahweh brought us Here “us” refers to the people of Israel that were living in Egypt. The speaker includes himself as one of the people whether he lived in Egypt or not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
DEU 26 8 qdu1 figs-metaphor 0 with a mighty hand, with an outstretched arm Here “a mighty hand” and “an outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “by showing his mighty power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 26 8 r6wp 0 with great fearsomeness “with acts that terrified the people who saw them”
|
||||
DEU 26 9 e5yf 0 a land that flows with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
|
||||
DEU 26 10 w7qd figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Israelites what they must say when they bring theire first crops to Yahweh. He speaks to them as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 10 i91e 0 first of the harvest “first fruits of the harvest” or “first crops of the harvest”
|
||||
DEU 26 10 w4db 0 You must set it down “You must set the basket down.”
|
||||
DEU 26 11 n6y8 0 you must rejoice in all the good that Yahweh your God has done for you “you must rejoice and be grateful for all the good things that Yahweh your God has done for you”
|
||||
DEU 26 12 m35u figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 12 hy2p translate-ordinal 0 in the third year This “third” is the ordinal number for three. Every three years the people of Israel gave a tenth of the harvest to the poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
DEU 26 12 whv6 0 fatherless These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 26 12 qtq6 0 widow This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her now that she is old.
|
||||
DEU 26 12 w7jj figs-synecdoche 0 eat within your city gates and be filled Here “gates” means towns or cities. Alternate translation: “so that those within your towns may have enough food to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 26 13 m9iv 0 I have brought out of These are the first words of another statement that the Israelite was supposed to say.
|
||||
DEU 26 13 br99 0 neither have I forgotten them This means that he has obeyed all of God’s commandments.
|
||||
DEU 26 14 ptc4 0 General Information: This continues what the Israelite must say to Yahweh when he gives his tithe to the poor.
|
||||
DEU 26 14 u6sj 0 I have not eaten any of it in my mourning “I have not eaten any of the tithe while I was mourning”
|
||||
DEU 26 14 at8m figs-explicit 0 when I was impure Here “impure” means the person is unclean according to the Law. God does not allow an unclean person to touch the tithe he is giving to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when I was unclean according to the Law” or “when the law says I cannot touch it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 26 14 i6zz figs-metonymy 0 I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have obeyed everything you have commanded me to do Here “voice of Yahweh” is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God’s commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 26 15 q1e2 figs-doublet 0 from the holy place where you live, from heaven These two phrases mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “from heaven, your holy dwelling place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 26 15 y7c5 0 a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
|
||||
DEU 26 16 q8i6 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 16 lvb6 figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 26 17 v3dx figs-parallelism 0 that you will walk in his ways and keep his statutes, his commandments, and his decrees, and that you will listen to his voice The words “walk,” “keep,” and “listen” have similar meanings here. Here “voice” refers to what God has said. Alternate translation: “that you will completely obey everything Yahweh commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 26 18 c7hk figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 26 18 wri1 0 a people who are his own possession “a people who belong to him”
|
||||
DEU 26 19 q8jb figs-idiom 0 he will set you high above This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “he will make you more important than” or “he will make you greater than” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 26 19 p58x 0 he will set you high above all the other nations that he has made, and you will receive praise, fame, and honor This could mean: (1) “he will cause you to become greater than any other nation that he has established, and he will enable you to praise him and honor him” or (2) “he will have people praise you more than they praise every other nation that he has made; people will say that you are better than any other nation, and they will honor you.”
|
||||
DEU 26 19 lg4i figs-metaphor 0 You will be a people that is set apart to Yahweh your God Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh set them apart from all other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God will set you apart from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 intro uy69 0 # Deuteronomy 27 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### “May the man be cursed”<br>This phrase is repeated several times in this chapter. This parallelism serves as a warning to the Israelites when they will live in the Promised Land. This is part of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
|
||||
DEU 27 1 mu7e figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted, the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 1 ya1q figs-you 0 command you today Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 1 g7rq 0 I command Here “I” refers to Moses. The elders are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
|
||||
DEU 27 2 yul5 figs-you 0 you will pass Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 2 c7s3 figs-explicit 0 plaster them with plaster Plaster is usually a mixture of lime, sand, and water that is spread on something. It dries to form a hard, smooth surface on which a person can write. Alternate translation: “spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 27 3 yd13 figs-idiom 0 a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 27 4 rjy8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 4 l6gl figs-you 0 you have passed … set up … I am commanding you Moses is addressing the Israelites as a group, so the instances of “you” and the command “set up” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 4 gk8x 0 plaster them with plaster “spread plaster on them” or “make them so you can write on them.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md).
|
||||
DEU 27 4 vvi2 0 Mount Ebal This is a mountain near Shechem. See how you translated it in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||||
DEU 27 5 ebq3 figs-explicit 0 you must raise no iron tool to work the stones This refers to the chisels that would make the stones smoother, in order that they might fit together better. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you will not shape the altar stones with iron tools” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 27 6 c115 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 6 y47u 0 unworked stones stones in their natural shape that no one has shaped with metal tools
|
||||
DEU 27 8 fa2n 0 write on the stones This refers to the stones they were to set up on Mount Ebal and cover with plaster. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:2](../27/02.md) and [Deuteronomy 27:4](./04.md).
|
||||
DEU 27 9 dv5w figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 27 10 q49w figs-metonymy 0 obey the voice of Yahweh your God Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 27 10 f9l6 0 I am commanding Moses is commanding. The Levites are there in agreement with Moses, but he is the only one speaking.
|
||||
DEU 27 12 p66t figs-metonymy 0 These tribes Here the metonym “tribes” refers to the people from the tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “The people from these tribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 27 12 s7rz 0 Mount Gerizim A small mountain north of Mount Ebal. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||||
DEU 27 12 rsu5 0 Joseph This combines the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh, who were descendants of Joseph.
|
||||
DEU 27 13 ax7s 0 Mount Ebal See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 11:29](../11/29.md).
|
||||
DEU 27 13 p9b6 0 pronounce curses “say in a loud voice how Yahweh will curse Israel”
|
||||
DEU 27 15 pp2u figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed … sets it up in secret This is the statement the Levites must shout to all the people of Israel. It may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the person … sets it up in secret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 15 ne2d figs-idiom 0 the work of the hands of a craftsman This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “something a man has made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 27 15 jjw2 0 craftsman a man who knows how to make things well
|
||||
DEU 27 16 m7ef 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 16 igu1 figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 17 api7 figs-explicit 0 who removes his neighbor’s landmark The full meaning of the statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who takes land away from his neighbor by moving the markers on the borders of his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 27 18 s55n 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 18 f4in figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 19 b9gc figs-metaphor 0 uses force to take away the justice due to a foreigner … widow Moses speaks of justice as if it were a physical object that a stronger person can violently pull away from a weaker person. Your language might have one word that means “use force to take away.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 24:17](../24/17.md). Alternate translation: “treats a foreigner … widow unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 27 19 ed5u 0 fatherless These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
DEU 27 19 cnk8 0 widow This means a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||||
DEU 27 20 fzq9 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 20 s47r figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 20 szg5 0 his father’s wife This does not refer to the man’s mother, but another wife of his father.
|
||||
DEU 27 20 jzl8 figs-explicit 0 he has taken away his father’s rights When a man marries a woman, only he has the legal right to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “he has taken away his father’s legal rights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 27 22 p8ac 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 22 zer5 figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 22 rhp9 0 the daughter of his father, or with the daughter of his mother This means a man cannot sleep with his sister, even if she has a different mother or father.
|
||||
DEU 27 24 q772 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 24 n57s figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 27 26 mmv3 0 General Information: Moses continues telling the Levites and the people what they must say.
|
||||
DEU 27 26 z9xa figs-activepassive 0 May the man be cursed This may be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 27:16](../27/16.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 intro f2wv 0 # Deuteronomy 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Blessings and warnings<br>This chapter explains some of the blessings and warnings associated with Israel’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
|
||||
DEU 28 1 cg2q figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 1 f13g figs-metonymy 0 to the voice of Yahweh your God Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what he says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 1 nmq7 0 so as to keep “and obey”
|
||||
DEU 28 1 gb5d figs-metaphor 0 set you above Moses speaks of being important or being great as if it were being physically higher, as on a higher hill. Alternate translation: “make you more important than” or “make you greater than” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 2 w8tx figs-metaphor 0 All these blessings will come on you and overtake you Moses describes the blessings as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 28 3 wiv2 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 3 uv27 figs-activepassive 0 Blessed will you be This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 3 z33g figs-merism 0 in the city … in the field This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 4 t3s8 figs-idiom 0 the fruit of your body, and the fruit of your ground, and the fruit of your beasts These idioms for “your children, and your crops, and all your animals” form a merism for everything the Israelites valued. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 4 t45f figs-doublet 0 the fruit of your beasts, the increase of your cattle, and the young of your flock This doublet is three ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “all of your animals along with the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 5 w512 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 5 mk51 figs-activepassive 0 Blessed will be This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 5 lu31 figs-metonymy 0 your basket and your kneading trough Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 6 cm5f figs-merism 0 when you come in … when you go out This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 7 ky89 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 7 p5y5 figs-activepassive 0 cause your enemies who rise up against you to be struck down before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cause you to defeat the armies that attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 7 u7a7 0 but will flee before you seven ways “but they will run away from you in seven directions”
|
||||
DEU 28 7 x6u8 figs-idiom 0 seven ways This is an idiom. The actual number could be more or less than seven. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 8 ppz6 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will command the blessing to come on you in your barns Moses describes Yahweh blessing the Israelites as if Yahweh were commanding a person to attack them by surprise. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh blesses you, you will be surprised by how much grain you have in your barns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 28 8 r2ab figs-idiom 0 in all that you put your hand to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 9 xw3n figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 9 a5t2 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh will establish you as a people that is set apart for himself Yahweh choosing the people of Israel to belong to him in a special way is spoken of as if Yahweh put them in a place different from the place all other nations live in. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will make you a holy people that belongs to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 10 k3wc figs-metonymy 0 you are called by the name of Yahweh Here the metonym “called by the name of Yahweh” means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has called you his own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 11 jw4n figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 11 i27w figs-idiom 0 in the fruit of your body, in the fruit of your cattle, in the fruit of your ground This is an idiom. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). Alternate translation: “with children, animals, and crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 12 rc3i figs-metaphor 0 his storehouse of the heavens Moses speaks of the clouds from which the rain falls as if they were a building where he stores the rain. Alternate translation: “the clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 12 x3c1 0 at the right time “when the crops need it”
|
||||
DEU 28 12 lb4j figs-synecdoche 0 all the work of your hand The word “hand” is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 13 czu1 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 13 am9q figs-metaphor 0 the head, and not the tail This metaphor describes the nation of Israel as an animal and means the Israelites will always be the leaders over other nations and never the servants following behind them. The Israelites will be superior in power, money, and honor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 13 yc2s 0 will be only above … will never be beneath The Israelites will rule over others but never have others rule them.
|
||||
DEU 28 13 dhn1 figs-you 0 I am commanding you Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 14 ce8r figs-metaphor 0 if you do not turn away from any of the words that I am commanding you today, to the right hand or to the left, so as to go after other gods to serve them Disobeying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if a person physically turned and went in a different direction from Yahweh’s words. Alternate translation: “if you do not disobey what I am commanding you today by serving other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 15 k4bm figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 15 hi33 0 But if Here Moses starts describing the curses the people will receive if they disobey.
|
||||
DEU 28 15 x89v figs-metonymy 0 the voice of Yahweh your God Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh your God is saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 15 g8p4 figs-metaphor 0 then all these curses will come on you and overtake you Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 28 15 xl16 0 come on you and overtake you See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md).
|
||||
DEU 28 16 gl2a figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 16 nf28 figs-activepassive 0 Cursed will you be This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 16 rs5i figs-merism 0 in the city … in the field This merism means that Yahweh will bless them everywhere. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:3](../28/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 17 ii5p figs-metonymy 0 your basket and your kneading trough The Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A “kneading trough” was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](../28/05.md). Alternate translation: “all the food you grow and all the food you eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 18 k7ip figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 18 nhd7 figs-activepassive 0 Cursed will be This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 18 ewg6 figs-idiom 0 the fruit of your body, the fruit of your ground This is an idiom for “your children, your crops.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 18 xsg2 figs-doublet 0 the increase of your cattle, and the young of your flock This doublet is two ways of saying that Yahweh will make the Israelites’ animals many and strong. Alternate translation: “the calves of the cattle and the lambs of the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 19 mk23 figs-merism 0 when you come in … when you go out This merism refers to all of life’s activities everywhere they go. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:6](../28/06.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 20 p97u figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 20 m9t5 0 curses, confusion, and rebukes “disasters, fear, and frustration”
|
||||
DEU 28 20 bcy3 figs-idiom 0 in all that you put your hand to This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 20 srg3 figs-activepassive 0 until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until your enemies destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 20 sy2b 0 forsaken me Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 28 21 sup8 0 cling to you “remain on you”
|
||||
DEU 28 22 tj8c figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 22 c1zz 0 infectious diseases, with fever, with inflammation “diseases and burning fevers that will make you weak.” These all refer to diseases that cause people to grow weak and die.
|
||||
DEU 28 22 su4y 0 with drought “with lack of rain”
|
||||
DEU 28 22 k5ew 0 mildew mold that grows on crops and causes them to rot
|
||||
DEU 28 22 btm2 figs-personification 0 These will pursue you Moses speaks of the bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were people or animals who would chase after the Israelites. Alternate translation: “You will suffer from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 28 23 alx9 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 23 xf1q figs-metaphor 0 skies … will be bronze Moses speaks of the skies being like bronze because there will be no rain. Alternate translation: “skies … will give no rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 23 eb3i figs-metaphor 0 the earth … will be iron Moses speaks of the earth being like iron because no crops will grow. Alternate translation: “nothing will grow from the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 24 uz8n 0 Yahweh will make the rain of your land into powder and dust “instead of rain, Yahweh will send sandstorms”
|
||||
DEU 28 24 zt41 figs-activepassive 0 until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until it destroys you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 25 b1re figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 25 z7yb figs-activepassive 0 Yahweh will cause you to be struck down before your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause your enemies to strike you down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 25 yi77 0 to be struck down before See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md).
|
||||
DEU 28 25 yfp6 translate-numbers 0 will flee before them seven ways This means the Israelites will be afraid and panic and run away from their enemies. See similar wording in [Deuteronomy 28:7](../28/07.md). Alternate translation: “you will flee in seven directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 28 25 v9pl figs-idiom 0 seven ways This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in many different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 25 k6ms figs-activepassive 0 You will be tossed to and fro among all the kingdoms This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The peoples of the other nations will drive you from one nation to another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 27 wb3q figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 27 q4ig 0 the boils of Egypt “the same skin disease with which I cursed the Egyptians”
|
||||
DEU 28 27 gf18 0 boils … ulcers, scurvy, and itch These are different types of skin diseases.
|
||||
DEU 28 27 kvf6 figs-activepassive 0 from which you cannot be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “from which no one will be able to heal you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 29 we8c figs-simile 0 You will grope about at noonday like the blind grope in the darkness “You will be like blind people who grope in darkness even at noonday.” The Israelites will have a difficult life even when everyone else is enjoying life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 28 29 z6va 0 you will be always oppressed and robbed “stronger people will always oppress and rob you”
|
||||
DEU 28 30 zt5j figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 31 gh8u figs-activepassive 0 Your ox will be slain before your eyes This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will watch as someone kills your ox” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 31 rf3y figs-activepassive 0 your donkey will be forcibly taken away from before you and will not be restored to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone will take your donkey by force and will not give it back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 31 b24n figs-activepassive 0 Your sheep will be given to your enemies This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sheep to your enemies” or “I will allow your enemies to take your sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 32 wy9p figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 32 mic6 figs-activepassive 0 Your sons and your daughters will be given to other peoples This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give your sons and your daughters to other peoples” or “Your enemies will take your sons and daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 32 c24q figs-synecdoche 0 your eyes will look for them the entire day, but will fail with longing for them Here “your eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will grow tired as you constantly watch for them and long to see them again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 32 lap6 figs-metonymy 0 There will be no strength in your hand Here the metonym “strength in your hand” refers to power. “Alternate translation: “You will be powerless to do anything about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 33 xbz3 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 33 db4k figs-metonymy 0 a nation Here the metonym “a nation” means the people from a nation. Alternate translation: “people from a nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 33 hvh1 figs-doublet 0 you will always be oppressed and crushed The words “oppressed” and “crushed” mean basically the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will always oppress and crush you” or “they will oppress you continually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 34 f8mx 0 you will become insane by what you have to see happen “what you see will make you go crazy”
|
||||
DEU 28 35 e9zv figs-activepassive 0 from which you cannot be cured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one will be able to cure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 36 k4cu figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 37 dwn5 figs-doublet 0 of horror, a proverb, and a byword, among all the peoples where Yahweh will lead you away Here the words “proverb” and “byword” mean basically the same thing. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “of horror. The people, in the places where Yahweh will send you, will make up proverbs and bywords about you” or “of horror. Yahweh will send you to peoples who will laugh at you and ridicule you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 37 lz2g 0 byword a word or phrase that people use to shame others
|
||||
DEU 28 38 lcl4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 38 t8st 0 but will gather little seed in “but will harvest very little food”
|
||||
DEU 28 40 ht5h figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues describing God’s curses if the people disobey him. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 40 e99r 0 but you will not rub any of the oil on yourself People would rub olive oil on themselves to make their skin healthy.
|
||||
DEU 28 40 fi15 figs-explicit 0 your olive trees will drop their fruit You may need to make explicit that the fruit drops before it is ripe. Alternate translation: “your olive trees will drop their fruit before the fruit is ripe” or “the olives will fall off your olive trees before they are ripe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 28 42 if6w figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 43 cew2 figs-genericnoun 0 The foreigner who is This does not mean a specific foreigner but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “The foreigners who are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 28 43 j1wi figs-idiom 0 rise up above you higher and higher; you yourself will come down lower and lower This idiom means foreigners will have more power, money, and honor than the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 44 ls98 figs-genericnoun 0 He will … to him This does not mean a specific foreigner (verse 43) but refers to foreigners in general. Alternate translation: “They will … to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 28 44 wu98 figs-metaphor 0 he will be the head, and you will be the tail This means foreigners will have more power and authority than the Israelites. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 28:13](../28/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 45 lv3p figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 45 l54e figs-metaphor 0 All these curses will come on you and will pursue and overtake you until you are destroyed Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise or chase and catch them. See how you translated something similar in [Deuteronomy 28:2](../28/02.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse you like this in ways that will completely surprise you, and it will be as if he is chasing you and you cannot escape having him curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 28 45 sp9j figs-metonymy 0 to the voice of Yahweh your God Here the words “voice of Yahweh” are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh your God said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 45 tb8t figs-doublet 0 his commandments and his regulations The words “commandments” and “regulations” are a doublet for “all that Yahweh has commanded you to do.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 47 epc2 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 47 qt75 figs-doublet 0 joyfulness and gladness of heart Here “joyfulness” and “gladness of heart” mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people should have been very glad to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 48 y9ia figs-metaphor 0 He will put a yoke of iron on your neck This is a metaphor for Yahweh allowing the enemy to treat the Israelites cruelly and make them slaves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 49 b5tt figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 49 yl1h figs-doublet 0 from far away, from the ends of the earth These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the enemy will come from a nation that is very far away from Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 28 49 j169 figs-idiom 0 from the ends of the earth This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “from places that you know nothing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 49 bjy5 figs-simile 0 like an eagle flies to its victim This means the enemy will come suddenly and the Israelites will not be able to stop them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 28 50 hsb9 figs-metonymy 0 a nation with a fierce face that does not respect the aged and does not show favor The word “nation” is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate translation: “a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 51 n115 figs-activepassive 0 until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until they destroy you” or “until they leave you with nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 52 e3i5 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues describing the army that will attack the Israelites if they do not obey Yahweh. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 52 x2h9 figs-synecdoche 0 you in all your city gates Here the phrase “city gates” represents a city. Alternate translation: “your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 53 vca7 figs-metaphor 0 the fruit of your own body, the flesh of your sons and of your daughters Here “the flesh of your sons and of your daughters” explains the metaphor “the fruit of your own body.” The people will be so hungry after the enemy army surrounds their city that they will eat their own children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 53 swr5 figs-metaphor 0 the fruit of your own body This speaks of children as if they were fruit that was produced by the bodies of their parents. Alternate translation: “your own children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 28 54 z4kd figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 54 g9qb 0 who is tender and very delicate among you—he “who is tender and very delicate among you—even he.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even the last person one would expect to eat his own children will eat his children.
|
||||
DEU 28 55 h7kb figs-synecdoche 0 all your city gates Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “all your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 56 x19d figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 56 ayv7 figs-you 0 The tender and delicate woman among you … tenderness—she “The tender and delicate woman among you … tenderness—even she.” Moses is saying that not only those one would expect to eat their children, but even women of noble birth and normally very gentle, whom one would never expect to eat their children, will eat their children. The word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 56 sw1r figs-hyperbole 0 who would not venture to put the bottom of her foot on the ground for delicateness and tenderness Moses is exaggerating. He is emphasizing that this noble woman is so rich and lives in such luxury that she would not allow herself to get dirty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
DEU 28 56 u5mz figs-abstractnouns 0 for delicateness and tenderness The abstract nouns “delicateness” and “tenderness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because she is so delicate and tender” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 28 57 lnt8 figs-synecdoche 0 within your city gates Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Alternate translation: “within your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 58 x9pf figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 58 sw6h figs-activepassive 0 that are written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 58 uak2 figs-metonymy 0 this glorious and fearful name, Yahweh your God Here the metonym “name” refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 59 tu25 0 Yahweh will make your plagues terrible, and those of your descendants “Yahweh will send terrible plagues on you and your descendants” or “Yahweh will make sure that you and your descendants suffer from terrible plagues”
|
||||
DEU 28 60 l1p3 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 60 c4kp figs-idiom 0 He will bring on you again all the diseases of Egypt This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “He will make sure that you again suffer from the diseases of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 60 qu7d figs-idiom 0 they will cling to you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the diseases will not stop, and no one will be able to heal you of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 61 ds4x figs-hyperbole 0 every sickness and plague that is not written Here “every” is a generalization that means “many.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “even other sicknesses and plagues that I have not written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 61 p5ww figs-activepassive 0 until you are destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until he has destroyed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 62 l59v figs-you 0 You will be left … you were like … you did not listen Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 62 hu58 figs-simile 0 you were like the stars of the heavens in number This means that in the past there were many Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 28 62 j7ul figs-metonymy 0 to the voice of Yahweh Here the metonym “voice of Yahweh” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “to what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 28 63 mhe6 figs-you 0 Yahweh once rejoiced over you … multiplying you … rejoice over you in making you perish and in destroying you. You will be plucked Moses is speaking to the Israelites as a group, so all instances of “you” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 63 b3je 0 Yahweh once rejoiced over you in doing you good, and in multiplying you “Yahweh once enjoyed doing you good and causing you to become many”
|
||||
DEU 28 63 eu1a 0 he will rejoice over you in making you perish “he will enjoy making you die”
|
||||
DEU 28 63 imz8 figs-metaphor 0 You will be plucked off the land that you are going into to possess Moses uses a metaphor to speak of the people as though they were fruit that Yahweh would take off a bush. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will remove you from the land which you are entering to possess” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 28 63 le25 figs-you 0 you are going Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 64 xuc8 figs-you 0 scatter you … you will worship … you have not known … you nor your ancestors Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 64 l3nk figs-merism 0 from the one end of the earth to the other end of the earth These two extremes together mean everywhere on earth. Alternate translation: “throughout the earth” or “all over the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 28 65 j125 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 65 g15k figs-synecdoche 0 there will be no rest for the bottoms of your feet Here the phrase “the bottoms of your feet” refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will have to continually wander because you have no permanent home where you can rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 28 65 n83i figs-idiom 0 Yahweh will give you there a trembling heart, failing eyes, and a soul that mourns This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause you to be afraid, without hope, and sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 66 ckv2 figs-idiom 0 Your life will hang in doubt before you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “You will not know whether you will live or die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 67 bik8 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 28 67 wac6 figs-idiom 0 because of the fear in your hearts This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “because of the fear you are feeling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 28 67 u1ew figs-synecdoche 0 the things your eyes will have to see Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “the terrifying things I will force you to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 28 68 et6c 0 I had said Here “I” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 29 intro if6j 0 # Deuteronomy 29 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a retelling of the covenant Yahweh made with Moses, along with its blessings and cursing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])
|
||||
DEU 29 1 nsu8 0 These are the words that Yahweh commanded Moses to tell This refers to words that Moses is about to speak.
|
||||
DEU 29 1 b8p6 0 in the land of Moab This is on the east side of the Jordan where the Israelites were staying before they entered the land of Canaan. “while they were in the land of Moab”
|
||||
DEU 29 1 b7xy 0 words that were added to the covenant … at Horeb These additional commands were given to make Yahweh’s covenant apply better to the people once they were settled in their new land. These new commands did not belong to a different covenant, but rather were additions to the original covenant.
|
||||
DEU 29 2 ya5p figs-synecdoche 0 You have seen everything that Yahweh did before your eyes Yahweh expected them to remember what Yahweh had done and they had seen it. Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize what the person has seen. Alternate translation: “You have seen all that Yahweh did so that you would see and remember what he did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 29 2 y1s6 figs-you 0 your eyes Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 29 3 al38 figs-synecdoche 0 the great sufferings that your eyes saw Here “eyes” emphasizes that Yahweh expected them to remember that they had seen it. Alternate translation: “you saw for yourselves that the people suffered terribly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 29 3 tl81 figs-doublet 0 the signs, and those great wonders The words “signs” and “wonders” both refer to the plagues that Yahweh had sent upon Egypt. Alternate translation: “and all of the powerful things that Yahweh did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 29 4 mh61 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh has not given you a heart to know, eyes to see, or ears to hear The people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not enabled them to understand from what they saw and heard who Yahweh is, and how and why they should obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 29 4 u59c figs-idiom 0 given you a heart to know This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enabled you to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 29 5 p5xi 0 I have led you Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 29 5 rbp5 translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 29 5 g59z figs-you 0 your sandals … your feet Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 29 6 cv6m 0 other alcoholic drinks Alcoholic drinks made probably from fermented grains. They were not distilled liquors.
|
||||
DEU 29 7 d31m 0 Sihon, the king of Heshbon, and Og, the king of Bashan See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
DEU 29 7 i2yh figs-exclusive 0 came out against us Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 9 ze3j figs-parallelism 0 keep the words of this covenant and do them These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the people were to obey Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “obey all the words of this covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 29 10 it8r 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 29 11 b36y figs-you 0 among you in your camp … your wood … your water Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 29 11 vw3v figs-genericnoun 0 the foreigner who is among you in your camp, from him who cuts your wood to him who draws There were many foreigners among the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the foreigners who are among you in your camp, from those who cut your wood to those who get your water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
|
||||
DEU 29 12 p568 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 29 12 yb79 0 to enter into the covenant of Yahweh your God and into the oath that Yahweh your God is making with you today “to agree to the covenant and to swear that you will obey all that Yahweh your God commands”
|
||||
DEU 29 13 nv7p 0 a people for himself “a people group that belongs to him alone”
|
||||
DEU 29 14 p3sa 0 I am making Here “I” refers to Yahweh. “Yahweh is making”
|
||||
DEU 29 15 sv23 0 standing here with us Here “us” refers to Moses and the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 29 15 n738 0 those who are not here “our future descendants, who are not here”
|
||||
DEU 29 16 ef56 0 we lived “we were slaves”
|
||||
DEU 29 18 tf4z figs-synecdoche 0 whose heart is turning away today from Yahweh our God Here “heart” refers to the whole person, and “turning away” means to stop obeying. Alternate translation: “who no longer obeys Yahweh our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 29 18 yq9n figs-metaphor 0 any root that produces gall and wormwood Moses speaks of someone who secretly worships another God as if he were a root, and the evil deeds he does to serve that god, and which he encourages others to do, as a bitter plant that poisons people. Alternate translation: “any person who worships idols and causes others to disobey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 29 19 u5ww 0 that person The person described in verse 18.
|
||||
DEU 29 19 ydt9 figs-idiom 0 bless himself in his heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “congratulate himself” or “encourage himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 29 19 l8ar figs-idiom 0 though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “even though I still refuse to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 29 19 rq4s figs-metaphor 0 This would destroy the wet together with the dry Here the words “wet” and “dry” are metaphors for the righteous people and the wicked people. This forms a merism for “everyone.” Alternate translation: “This would cause Yahweh to destroy both the righteous people and the wicked people in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 29 19 qq8r figs-nominaladj 0 wet … dry These nominal adjectives can be translated as nouns. Because the land was usually dry and the people needed rain so their crops would grow, these words are metaphors for “living … dead” or “good … bad.” Alternate translation: “wet things … dry things” or “good people … bad people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 29 20 zp3x figs-metaphor 0 the anger of Yahweh and his jealousy will smolder Just as a fire can grow in intensity, so can God’s anger and Jealousy grow in intensity. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s jealous anger will grow like a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 29 20 ud3q figs-hendiadys 0 the anger of Yahweh and his jealousy Here the word “jealousy” describes “the anger of Yahweh.” Alternate translation: Yahweh’s jealous anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
DEU 29 20 c39z figs-activepassive 0 that are written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 20 v4lv figs-metaphor 0 the curses that are written in this book will come on him Moses describes the curses as a person who would attack them by surprise. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:15](../28/15.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh will curse him with the curses written in this book in ways that will completely surprise him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 29 20 h57e 0 Yahweh will blot out his name from under heaven This means God will completely destroy the person and his family. In the future people will not remember him. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 7:24](../07/24.md).
|
||||
DEU 29 22 j9qf 0 The generation to come, your children who will rise up after you The words “your children … after you” tell who “the generation to come” is.
|
||||
DEU 29 23 n8yz 0 when they see that the whole land has become sulfur and burning salt People put sulfur and salt on the soil to keep anything from growing. “when they see that Yahweh has burned the land with sulfur and salt”
|
||||
DEU 29 23 g15s figs-activepassive 0 where nothing is sown or bears fruit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where no one can sow seed and the crops do not bear fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 23 bw2x 0 like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah The abstract noun “overthrow” can be translated as a clause. Alternate translation: “as when Yahweh completely destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah”
|
||||
DEU 29 23 j85x translate-names 0 Admah and Zeboyim These are names of cities that Yahweh destroyed along with Sodom and Gomorrah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 29 24 j5xg figs-quotations 0 they will say together with all the other nations … mean? This can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “they will ask with all the other nations why Yahweh has done this to the land, and what the heat of this great anger means.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 29 24 z3lu 0 they will say together with all the other nations “your descendants and the people of all the other nations will say”
|
||||
DEU 29 24 v7xx figs-hendiadys 0 What does the heat of this great anger mean? The writer is communicating one idea through two words. Alternate translation: “What does this terrible anger mean?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
DEU 29 25 j9gr 0 It is because they abandoned the covenant of Yahweh, the God of their ancestors This is the answer to “Why has Yahweh done this to this land?” ([Deuteronomy 29:24](../29/24.md)). “Yahweh has done this to the land because the Israelites did not follow the promises and the laws of his covenant”
|
||||
DEU 29 26 p4qx 0 served other gods and bowed down to them “obeyed other gods and worshiped them”
|
||||
DEU 29 27 p8ms figs-metaphor 0 the anger of Yahweh has been kindled against this land Moses compares Yahweh being angry to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry, and it can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has became very angry with this land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 27 p9t6 figs-metonymy 0 this land, so as to bring on it Here “land” is a metonym representing the people. Alternate translation: “the people of this land, so as to bring on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 29 27 wp7h figs-activepassive 0 that are written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 28 q4kt figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh has uprooted them from their land … and has thrown them Israel is compared to a bad plant that Yahweh has pulled up and thrown out of a garden. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has removed them from their land … and has forced them to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 29 28 jz72 figs-doublet 0 in anger, in wrath, and in great fury The words “anger” and “wrath” and “fury” mean basically the same thing and emphasize the great intensity of Yahweh’s anger. Alternate translation: “in extremely great anger” or “because he was extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 29 29 d1e5 0 The secret matters belong alone to Yahweh our God “Some things Yahweh our God has not revealed, and only he knows them”
|
||||
DEU 29 29 v7va figs-activepassive 0 that are revealed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that he has revealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 29 29 ui8w 0 we may do all the words of this law “we may do everything that this law commands us to do”
|
||||
DEU 30 intro yx9f 0 # Deuteronomy 30 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Moses begins to give final instructions to Israel before his death in anticipation of their entrance into the Promised Land. There were warnings and blessings associated with the people’s obedience to the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
|
||||
DEU 30 1 rkk4 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 1 pfr8 figs-idiom 0 When all these things have come on you Here “these things” refer to the blessings and curses described in chapters 28-29. The phrase “have come on you” is an idiom that means to happen. Alternate translation: “When all these things happen to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 30 1 k5mi figs-metaphor 0 that I have set before you This speaks of the blessings and curses that Moses told the people as if they were objects that he set in front of them. Alternate translation: “that I have just now told you about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 1 rtn6 figs-idiom 0 call them to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 30 1 qk91 0 among all the other nations “while you are living in the other nations”
|
||||
DEU 30 1 ug75 0 has driven you “has forced you to go”
|
||||
DEU 30 2 edl2 figs-metonymy 0 obey his voice Here “voice” is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 30 2 s239 figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 30 3 m7q5 figs-abstractnouns 0 reverse your captivity “free you from your captivity.” The abstract noun “captivity” can be translated as a verbal clause. Alternate translation: “free you from those who had captured you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 30 4 icb7 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 4 g129 0 If any of your exiled people are in the farthest places “Even those of your exiled people who are in the farthest places”
|
||||
DEU 30 4 w6nm 0 under the heavens “under the sky” or “on the earth”
|
||||
DEU 30 6 iv7f figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 6 dul8 figs-metaphor 0 circumcise your heart This is not a literal removal of flesh. It means God will remove their sin and enable them to love and obey him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 6 d25z figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and with all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 30 7 n367 figs-metaphor 0 will put all these curses on your enemies Moses speaks of curses as though they were a load or a cover that someone could physically put on top of a person. Alternate translation: “will cause your enemies to suffer from these curses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 8 fpp4 figs-metonymy 0 obey the voice of Yahweh Here “voice” means what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what Yahweh says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 30 9 k3dd figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 9 ws1q figs-synecdoche 0 the work of your hand Here “hand” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “in all the work you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 30 9 r217 figs-idiom 0 in the fruit of your body … in the fruit of your cattle … in the fruit of your ground These three phrases are idioms for “in children … in calves … in crops.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 28:4](../28/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 30 10 w16u figs-activepassive 0 that are written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 30 10 vv69 figs-metonymy 0 with all your heart and all your soul Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 30 11 lxg9 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 11 wls8 figs-metaphor 0 neither is it too far for you to reach Moses speaks of being able to understand what a commandment requires a person to do as if it were that person being able to reach a physical object. Alternate translation: “neither is it too difficult for you to understand what Yahweh requires you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 12 lu7s figs-rquestion 0 Who will go up for us to heaven and bring it down to us and make us able to hear it, so that we may do it? Here Moses uses a rhetorical question to emphasize that the people of Israel think that Yahweh’s commands are too difficult for them to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel to heaven to learn God’s commands and then return to tell us what they are so we can obey them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 30 13 nd92 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 13 fw31 figs-rquestion 0 Who will go over the sea for us and bring it to us and make us to hear it, so that we may do it? This rhetorical question continues the idea that the people of Israel think Yahweh’s commands are too difficult to know. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Someone must travel across the sea to learn God’s commands and then return and tell us what they are.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 30 14 p17g figs-metonymy 0 in your mouth and your heart This means that the people already know God’s commands and can tell them to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 30 15 m7gm figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 15 d23f figs-metaphor 0 I have placed before you Putting something where another person can see it is a metaphor for telling someone about something. Alternate translation: “I have told you about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 15 bn6k figs-explicit 0 life and good, death and evil You can make clear the implicit information. Alternate translation: “what is good and will cause you to live, and what is evil and will cause you to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 30 16 jh9g 0 multiply increase greatly in number
|
||||
DEU 30 17 ej9a figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 17 a2vl figs-synecdoche 0 if your heart turns away … but instead are drawn away and bow down to other gods and worship them Here “heart” refers to the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you stop being loyal to God … and the people living in the land convince you to bow down and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 30 18 sr3z figs-you 0 to you today that you … you will not prolong your days Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 18 ee9y figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 30 19 t3ji figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so except where noted the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 19 gap6 figs-metonymy 0 I call heaven and earth to witness This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says, or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
DEU 30 19 qj9t 0 to witness against you “to be willing to say that you have done evil things”
|
||||
DEU 30 19 wxe8 figs-you 0 against you today Moses speaks to the Israelites as a group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 30 20 k5mz figs-metonymy 0 obey his voice Here “voice” refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 30 20 sbp2 0 to cling to him “to rely on him”
|
||||
DEU 30 20 x4gp figs-doublet 0 For he is your life and the length of your days These phrases have the same meaning and are metonyms for Yahweh, emphasizing that he is the one who gives life and determines the length of people’s lifetimes. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is the only one who can enable you to live a long life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 30 20 qi8g figs-ellipsis 0 swore to your ancestors The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “swore that he would give to your ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 31 intro pki9 0 # Deuteronomy 31 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Final instructions<br>In the Ancient Near East, it was common for an important leader to give instructions for his people to follow after his death. In this chapter, Moses begins his final words to the people of Israel. These are words that he wants them to remember long after he is gone. This section also helped to make a smooth transition to Joshua’s leadership.
|
||||
DEU 31 2 mb3i translate-numbers 0 one hundred twenty years old “120 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 31 2 bvw8 figs-merism 0 I can no more go out and come in Here the extremes “go out” and “come in” used together mean that Moses can no longer do what a healthy person can do. Alternate translation: “I am no longer able to go everywhere that you need to go, so I cannot be your leader any longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 31 3 ep95 figs-you 0 your God … before you … before you … you will dispossess … before you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 3 cll7 0 you will dispossess them “you will take their land”
|
||||
DEU 31 3 p8q6 0 Joshua, he will go over before you, as Yahweh has spoken “Joshua will lead you across the river, as Yahweh promised”
|
||||
DEU 31 4 nu6r 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the Israelites.
|
||||
DEU 31 4 b8wj figs-synecdoche 0 he did to Sihon and to Og, the kings of the Amorites Here “Sihon” and “Og” refer to two Kings of the Amorites and their armies. See how you translated these names in [Deuteronomy 1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “he did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 31 6 m79v 0 Be strong and of good courage “Be strong and courageous”
|
||||
DEU 31 6 lr5n 0 fear not, and do not be afraid of them “do not fear them at all”
|
||||
DEU 31 6 i5mi figs-you 0 Yahweh your God … with you … fail you nor forsake you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 6 b7b9 figs-litotes 0 he will not fail you nor forsake you This can be treated as litotes and translated positively. Alternate translation: “he will always fulfill his promise to you and will always be with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 31 7 s174 figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 7 r36v figs-metonymy 0 in the sight of all Israel This means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate translation: “in the presence of all the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 31 7 ht4a 0 Be strong and of good courage “Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 7 t7sv 0 you will cause them to inherit it “you will help them take the land”
|
||||
DEU 31 9 a6vj 0 gave it out to the priests, the sons of Levi “gave it out to the Levites, who are the priests”
|
||||
DEU 31 10 ani6 translate-numbers 0 seven years “7 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 31 10 sy4p 0 fixed for the cancellation of debts “for canceling debts”
|
||||
DEU 31 10 d2me 0 Festival of Shelters Other names for this festival are “Feast of Tabernacles,” “Festival of Booths,” and “Feast of the Ingathering.” During harvest, farmers would set up temporary shelters in the field. This festival took place after the last harvest of the year. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 16:13](../16/13.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 11 pt7m figs-you 0 Yahweh your God … you will read - Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 11 c11z 0 in their hearing “so that they can hear it”
|
||||
DEU 31 12 rlg2 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the priests and the elders.
|
||||
DEU 31 12 rtx9 figs-synecdoche 0 your foreigner who is within your city gates Here “city gates” represents the cities themselves. Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the instances of “your” here are singular. Alternate translation: “your foreigners who live in your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 12 j1rq 0 keep all the words of this law “carefully obey all the commands in this law”
|
||||
DEU 31 14 ji2r 0 Look, the “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you. The”
|
||||
DEU 31 15 m71w 0 a pillar of cloud This was a thick cloud of smoke in the shape of an upright column.
|
||||
DEU 31 16 f7i5 0 Look, you “Pay attention to what I am going to tell you. You”
|
||||
DEU 31 16 m76m figs-euphemism 0 you will sleep with your fathers This is a polite way to say “you will die.” Alternate translation: “you will die and join your ancestors who have died before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 31 16 d9q3 figs-metaphor 0 will rise up and act like a prostitute Being a prostitute is a metaphor for worshiping gods other than Yahweh. Alternate translation: “will start to be unfaithful to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 b1z8 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 31 17 l9kj figs-metaphor 0 my anger will be kindled against them Yahweh compares his anger to someone starting a fire. This emphasizes God’s power to destroy whatever makes him angry. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will kindle my anger against them” or “I will become angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 zg57 figs-idiom 0 I will hide my face from them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will not help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 zr99 figs-activepassive 0 they will be devoured This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will devour them” or “I will allow their enemies to devour them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 sz2f figs-metaphor 0 devoured This is a metaphor for “completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 qw7g figs-personification 0 Many disasters and troubles will find them This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. Alternate translation: “They will experience many disasters and troubles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 l3ge figs-personification 0 Have these disasters not come upon us … midst? This describes the disasters and troubles as if they were human. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These disasters are destroying me … midst.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 31 17 m6pv 0 our God is not in our midst “God is no longer protecting us” or “God has left us alone”
|
||||
DEU 31 19 j9x4 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses about the Israelites.
|
||||
DEU 31 19 h2xq figs-idiom 0 Put it in their mouths This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Make them memorize and sing it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 31 20 i9lu 0 a land flowing with milk and honey This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 21 z4dq figs-personification 0 When many evils and troubles come upon this people Here evils and troubles are described as if they were human and could find people. Alternate translation: “When this people experiences many evils and troubles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 x1jh figs-personification 0 this song will testify before them as a witness This speaks of the song as if it were a human witness testifying in court against Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 tb8b figs-activepassive 0 it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not forget to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 s5je figs-activepassive 0 it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “their descendants will remember to keep it in their mouths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 fly7 figs-activepassive 0 it will not be forgotten from the mouths of their descendants The idiom “forget it from the mouth” means to stop speaking about it. Alternate translation: “their descendants will not stop speaking about it to each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 th4p figs-metaphor 0 the plans that they are forming What people plan to do is spoken of as if it were a physical object. Alternate translation: “what they plan to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 31 21 y4kp figs-explicit 0 the land that I promised God’s promise of the land was to give it to the people of Israel. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the land that I promised I would give to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 31 23 g5sl 0 Be strong and of good courage “Be strong and courageous.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 31:5](../31/05.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 26 f3zd figs-you 0 witness against you Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 27 q9j8 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking to the Levites about all the Israelite people.
|
||||
DEU 31 27 dc8v figs-you 0 your rebellion and your stiff neck Moses speaks to the Levites as if they were one man, so the word “your” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 31 27 e3am 0 your stiff neck See how you translated “stubborn” in [Deuteronomy 9:6](../09/06.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 27 yin7 figs-rquestion 0 how much more after my death? This rhetorical question emphasizes how rebellious the people were. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will be even more rebellious after I die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 31 28 ge9z figs-synecdoche 0 so that I may speak these words in their ears Here “in their ears” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “so that I may speak the words of this song to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 31 28 rbf8 figs-metonymy 0 call heaven and earth to witness against them This could mean: (1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or (2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
DEU 31 29 h4je 0 you will utterly corrupt yourselves “you will do what is completely wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 29 w6b1 0 turn aside out of the path that I have commanded you “stop following the instructions I have given to you.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 9:12](../09/12.md).
|
||||
DEU 31 29 yvi1 figs-metaphor 0 what is evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 31 29 i596 figs-synecdoche 0 through the work of your hands Here “your hands” means the people themselves. Alternate translation: “because of what you have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 31 30 upf2 figs-synecdoche 0 Moses recited in the ears of all the assembly of Israel Here “ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “Moses recited to all the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 31 30 ilp6 0 recited This could mean: (1) “sang” or (2) “spoke.”
|
||||
DEU 31 30 wx6q figs-ellipsis 0 the words of this song You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “the words of the song that Yahweh taught him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 32 intro pup6 0 # Deuteronomy 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 32:1-43.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Punishment<br>This chapter prophesies a time when Israel will be disobedient to Yahweh and he will have to punish them. This is meant to serve as a warning to the nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
|
||||
DEU 32 1 bfi8 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 1 hf89 figs-apostrophe 0 Give ear, you heavens … Let the earth listen Yahweh speaks to the heavens and earth as if they are there listening. This could mean: (1) Yahweh is speaking to the inhabitants of heaven and earth or (2) Yahweh is speaking to the heavens and earth as if they are persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
DEU 32 2 zk7l figs-simile 0 Let my teaching drop down like the rain … and like the showers on the plants This means Yahweh wants the people to eagerly accept his helpful teaching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 32 2 x67x 0 distill Use the word in your language for the process by which dew appears.
|
||||
DEU 32 2 s3mw 0 dew water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings
|
||||
DEU 32 2 g6mn 0 tender grass “new plants”
|
||||
DEU 32 2 gkm4 0 showers heavy rain
|
||||
DEU 32 3 y1fa figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 3 bah6 figs-idiom 0 proclaim the name of Yahweh This is an idiom. “tell how good Yahweh is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 3 uf82 0 ascribe greatness to our God “make sure people know that our God is great”
|
||||
DEU 32 4 xcv2 figs-metaphor 0 The Rock This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 4 vh3k 0 his work “everything he does”
|
||||
DEU 32 4 xtg1 figs-metaphor 0 all his paths are just Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: “he does everything in a just way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 4 j65c figs-doublet 0 He is just and upright These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is fair and does what is right. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 32 5 ehu3 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. Moses continues to use parallelism to emphasize what he is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 5 exs2 0 acted corruptly against him “opposed him by doing what is wrong.” See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:16](../04/16.md).
|
||||
DEU 32 5 k81b figs-doublet 0 a perverted and crooked generation The words “perverted” and “crooked” mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize how wicked the generation is. Alternate translation: “a completely wicked generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 32 6 tfw7 figs-rquestion 0 Do you reward Yahweh in this way … people? Moses uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should give Yahweh proper praise … people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 32 6 bwz6 figs-doublet 0 you foolish and senseless people The words “foolish” and “senseless” mean the same thing and emphasize how foolish the people are for disobeying Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you extremely foolish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 32 6 m2g1 0 your father … has created you … made you and established you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular.
|
||||
DEU 32 6 aeq8 figs-rquestion 0 Is he not your father, the one who has created you? Moses uses a question to scold the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is your father and the one who created you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 32 7 ks26 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 32 7 ki4q figs-you 0 Call to mind … think about … your father … show you … your elders … tell you Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 32 7 a5hd figs-idiom 0 Call to mind This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 7 ksl4 0 days of ancient times “days of long ago.” Moses refers to the time period when the ancestors of the people of Israel were alive.
|
||||
DEU 32 7 aba7 figs-parallelism 0 think about the years of many ages past This is a repetition of what Moses just said in the previous portion. Moses wants the people of Israel to focus on their history as a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 7 p9u5 0 he will show you “he will make it clear to you” or “he will enable you to understand it”
|
||||
DEU 32 8 q59u figs-idiom 0 gave the nations their inheritance This is an idiom. “put the nations in the places where they would live.” Similar words, “giving to you as an inheritance,” appear in [Deuteronomy 4:21](../04/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 8 vz2i 0 he set the boundaries of the peoples, as he also fixed the number of their gods God assigned each people group, together with its gods, to its own territory. In this way, he limited the influence of a people group’s idols.
|
||||
DEU 32 9 zcj3 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. As he speaks to the Israelites, he talks about them as if they were someone else and as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 9 j71r figs-parallelism 0 For Yahweh’s portion is his people; Jacob is his apportioned inheritance These two phrases means basically the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Jacob are Yahweh’s inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 10 b2tx 0 He found him … shielded him and cared for him … guarded him “He found Jacob … shielded him and cared for him … guarded him” You may need to translate this as if Moses were talking about the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “He found our ancestors … shielded them and cared for them … guarded them”
|
||||
DEU 32 10 lv7u 0 howling wilderness Here “howling” refers to the sound the wind makes as it blows through the empty land.
|
||||
DEU 32 10 q44y figs-idiom 0 he guarded him as the apple of his eye This is an idiom. The apple of an eye refers to the dark part inside the eyeball that allows a person to see. This is a very important and sensitive part of the body. This means that the people of Israel are very important to God and something he protects. Alternate translation: “he protected him as something very valuable and precious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 32 11 x9dv figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 11 up27 figs-simile 0 As an eagle that guards her nest and flutters over her young, Yahweh spread out his wings and took them, and carried them on his pinions This means Yahweh watched over and protected the Israelites while they were in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 32 11 wh5r 0 pinions the outer edges of a bird’s wings
|
||||
DEU 32 12 wp5e figs-pronouns 0 led him … with him Moses again speaks of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as if Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “led them … with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 13 kx8r figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 13 sq4v figs-idiom 0 He made him ride on high places of the land This is an idiom. The word “him” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made them ride on high places of the land” or “Yahweh helped them take and occupy the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 13 jg4h figs-pronouns 0 made him ride … fed him … nourished him Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate this as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “made our ancestors ride … fed them … nourished them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 13 t4p5 0 he fed him the fruits of the field “he brought him to a land with plenty of crops he could eat”
|
||||
DEU 32 13 wlf5 0 he nourished him with honey from the rock, and oil from the flinty crag The land had many wild bees, which produce honey, with hives inside rock holes. There were also many olive trees, which provide oil, and grow on rocks, hills, and mountains.
|
||||
DEU 32 13 yp29 figs-metaphor 0 nourished him with honey This is like a mother giving her breast to an infant. “allowed him to suck honey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 14 dg9l figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 32 14 dt4w figs-pronouns 0 He ate Moses continues to speak of the Israelites as “Jacob” ([Deuteronomy 32:9](./09.md)). You may need to translate as though Moses were speaking of the Israelites as many people. Alternate translation: “Our ancestors ate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 14 u9ig 0 fat of lambs, rams of Bashan and goats The people of Israel had many healthy herd animals.
|
||||
DEU 32 15 g93y figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues speaking his poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 15 i1m2 translate-names 0 Jeshurun Moses speaks of the Israelites as if they were a well-fed animal whose owner named it Jeshurun. You may add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Jeshurun’ means ‘upright one.’” If your language cannot speak of the Israelites as Jeshurun, you may refer to the Israelites as many people, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 32 15 ly6m figs-metaphor 0 the Rock of his salvation This means Yahweh is strong like a rock and able to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 15 dy92 figs-metaphor 0 the Rock This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 16 a41m 0 They made Yahweh jealous The Israelites made Yahweh jealous.
|
||||
DEU 32 17 u97e figs-you 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak his song to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 32 17 c5ir 0 They sacrificed “The people of Israel sacrificed”
|
||||
DEU 32 17 hw1l 0 gods that recently appeared This means the Israelites recently learned about these gods.
|
||||
DEU 32 17 m59h figs-you 0 your fathers Moses is speaking to the Israelites as many people, so the word “your” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 32 18 ch18 figs-you 0 You have deserted … your father … you forgot … gave you Moses is speaking to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 32 18 mpu7 figs-metaphor 0 You have deserted the Rock Here Yahweh is called the rock because he is strong and protective. Alternate translation: “You have left the protective care of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 18 ul7n figs-metaphor 0 the Rock This a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 18 y9b3 figs-metaphor 0 who became your father … who gave you birth This compares Yahweh to a father and a mother. This means God caused them to live and to be a nation. Alternate translation: “who fathered you … who gave life to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 19 yfx6 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 19 eca4 figs-metaphor 0 his sons and his daughters This refers to the people of Israel whom Yahweh gave life to and made into a nation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 20 jv62 figs-idiom 0 I will hide my face from them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will turn away from them” or “I will stop helping them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 20 klx8 0 I will see what their end will be “I will see what happens to them”
|
||||
DEU 32 21 pb9z figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 21 ya83 0 They have made me jealous Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 32 21 sa14 0 what is not god “what are false gods”
|
||||
DEU 32 21 qj69 figs-explicit 0 worthless things You may need to make explicit what the “things” are. Alternate translation: “worthless idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 32 21 vst4 0 those who are not a people “people who do not belong to one people group”
|
||||
DEU 32 21 zd9q 0 foolish nation Translate “foolish” as in [Deuteronomy 32:6](../32/06.md).
|
||||
DEU 32 22 wb8b figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 22 i1bl figs-metaphor 0 For a fire is kindled by my anger … foundations of the mountains Yahweh compares his anger to a fire. This emphasizes his power to destroy what makes him angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 22 nll8 figs-activepassive 0 a fire is kindled by my anger and is burning … it is devouring … it is setting This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I start a fire because I am angry, and it burns … it is devouring … it is setting” or “when I am angry, I destroy my enemies like a fire, and I destroy everything on earth and in … I devour … I set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 32 22 eis3 0 to the lowest Sheol “even to the world of the dead”
|
||||
DEU 32 23 g9k3 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 23 p1xb figs-metaphor 0 I will heap disasters on them Yahweh speaks of bad things that would happen to the Israelites as if they were something like dirt that he could pile up on top of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I will make sure that many bad things happen to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 23 ys8x figs-metaphor 0 I will shoot all my arrows at them Here Yahweh compares the bad things he will make sure happen to the Israelites to someone shooting arrows from a bow. Alternate translation: “I will do all I can do to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 24 vr46 figs-activepassive 0 They will be wasted by hunger This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun “hunger” can be translated as the verb “be hungry.” Alternate translation: “They will grow weak and die because they are hungry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 24 sj74 figs-activepassive 0 They will … hunger and devoured by burning heat and bitter destruction Here, **burning heat** could mean: (1) the Israelites will suffer from fevers or (2) the weather will be unusually hot during a drought or famine. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will … hunger, and burning heat and terrible disasters will devour them” or “They will … hunger, and they will die from burning heat and terrible disasters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 32 24 l8d2 figs-synecdoche 0 I will send on them the teeth of wild animals, with the poison of things that crawl in the dust The teeth and the poison are synecdoches for the animals that use these things to kill. Alternate translation: “I will send wild animals to bite them, and things that crawl in the dust to bite and poison them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 32 25 ci4t figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 25 fy8e figs-metonymy 0 Outside the sword will bereave Here “sword” represents the army of the enemy. Alternate translation: “When the Israelites are outside, the enemy army will kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 32 25 kgf9 figs-personification 0 terror will do so Yahweh speaks of being afraid as if it were a person who comes into a house and kills those who live in it. Alternate translation: “you will die because you are afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 32 25 mhn4 figs-merism 0 young man and virgin, the nursing baby, and the man of gray hairs These terms describing people of different ages are combined to mean that all kinds of people will die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 26 p3ic figs-quotations 0 I said that I would … away, that I would … mankind. This can be translated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “I said, ‘I will … away, and I will … mankind.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 32 26 ly17 0 I would make the memory of them to cease from among mankind “I would make all people forget about them”
|
||||
DEU 32 27 b351 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 27 gg1k 0 Were it not that I feared the provocation of the enemy “I was afraid of the provocation of the enemy”
|
||||
DEU 32 27 vz7e figs-abstractnouns 0 the provocation of the enemy This abstract noun can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “that the enemy would provoke me” or “that the enemy would cause me to be angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 27 lw79 figs-pronouns 0 the enemy Yahweh speaks of his enemies as if they are one man. Alternate translation: “my enemy” or “my enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 27 w8l7 0 judge mistakenly “misunderstand”
|
||||
DEU 32 27 sbq8 figs-metonymy 0 Our hand is exalted Here “hand” represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate translation: “We have defeated them because we are more powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 28 uqg7 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 29 p62h figs-hypo 0 Oh, that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their coming fate Moses states something that he wishes were true, but he knows that they are not wise and do not understand that their disobedience will cause Yahweh to bring this disaster on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
DEU 32 29 c7cm figs-abstractnouns 0 their coming fate The abstract noun “fate” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “what is going to happen to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 30 u5ex figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words and tell them more of what they would have understood if they were wise ([Deuteronomy 32:29](../32/29.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 30 qr7h figs-rquestion 0 How could one chase a thousand … Yahweh had given them up? Moses uses a question to scold the people for not being wise enough to understand why their enemies are defeating them. This question can be translated as a statement as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 32 30 vu9l translate-numbers 0 How could one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “How could 1 enemy soldier chase 1,000 of your men, and 2 enemy soldiers cause 10,000 of your men to run away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 32 30 v82y figs-metaphor 0 unless their Rock had sold them The word “Rock” refers to Yahweh who is strong and able to protect his people. Alternate translation: “unless Yahweh, their Rock, had handed them over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 30 tv28 figs-metaphor 0 their Rock “The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 31 d2ny figs-metaphor 0 our Rock “The Rock” here is a proper name that Moses gives to Yahweh, who, like a rock, is strong and able to protect his people. Translate “Rock” as in [Deuteronomy 32:4](../32/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 31 r1wx 0 our enemies’ rock is not like our Rock The enemies’ idols and false gods are not powerful like Yahweh.
|
||||
DEU 32 31 lbx7 0 just as even our enemies admit “not only do we say so, but our enemies say so also”
|
||||
DEU 32 32 a5z3 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 32 tch7 figs-metaphor 0 For their vine comes from the vine of Sodom … clusters are bitter Moses compares enemies who worship false gods to the wicked people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah and to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit. This means their enemies are wicked and will cause the Israelites to die if the Israelites start to act like the people who live around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 32 l3du figs-metaphor 0 their vine comes from the vine of Sodom, and from the fields of Gomorrah The vine is a metaphor for the people group. “it is as if their vine were a branch of the vines that grew in the fields of Sodom and Gomorrah” or Alternate translation: “they do evil the same way the people who lived in Sodom and Gomorrah did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 32 i5fv 0 their clusters “their clusters of grapes”
|
||||
DEU 32 33 y87k figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. He continues to quote Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 33 zwn7 figs-metaphor 0 Their wine is the poison of serpents and the cruel venom of asps Moses continues comparing the enemies of the people of Israel to grapevines that produce poisonous fruit and wine. This means their enemies are wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 33 rck8 0 asps poisonous snakes
|
||||
DEU 32 34 eti9 figs-rquestion 0 Is not this plan secretly kept by me, sealed up among my treasures? This question emphasizes that Yahweh’s plans for the people of Israel are kept secret like a valuable treasure. The rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I know what I have planned to do to the Israelite people and to their enemies, and I have locked up those plans as someone would lock up his valuable possessions.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 32 35 wr4g figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. This is the end of Moses’s quotation of Yahweh’s words that begins in [Deuteronomy 32:20](../32/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 35 sg4m figs-doublet 0 Vengeance is mine to give, and recompense The words “vengeance” and “recompense” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “I will have vengeance and punish Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
DEU 32 35 v1h2 0 recompense to punish or reward a person for what he has done
|
||||
DEU 32 35 dj8g figs-idiom 0 their foot slips Something bad has happened to them. Alternate translation: “they are helpless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 35 ad9x 0 the day of disaster for them “the time for me to destroy them”
|
||||
DEU 32 35 jvl7 figs-metaphor 0 the things that are to come on them will hurry to happen Yahweh speaks of the bad things that will happen to his enemies as if the bad things were people running eagerly to punish them. Alternate translation: “I will punish them quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 36 h6tb figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to speak a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 36 z7w2 figs-abstractnouns 0 For Yahweh will give justice to his people The abstract noun “justice” can be translated as an adjective or as an adverb. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh will do what is just for his people” or “For Yahweh will act justly towards his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 32 36 s7w9 0 he will pity his servants “he will feel that he needs to help his servants”
|
||||
DEU 32 37 y7ls figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 38 en77 figs-rquestion 0 The gods who ate the fat of their sacrifices and drank the wine of their drink offerings? Here Yahweh mocks the people of Israel for offering sacrifices to other gods. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The gods to whom the Israelites offered meat and wine have not come to help them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
DEU 32 38 vtv4 figs-irony 0 Let them rise up and help you; let them be your protection Yahweh says this to mock the Israelites. He knows these gods cannot help them. Alternate translation: “These idols are not even able to get up and help or to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
DEU 32 39 rkh6 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 39 kii3 0 I, even I “I, I myself” or “I, I alone.” Yahweh repeats “I” to emphasize that only he is God.
|
||||
DEU 32 40 wwk7 0 I lift up my hand to heaven and say “I lift up my hand to heaven and swear” or “I have taken an oath.” Lifting up the hand is a sign of making an oath.
|
||||
DEU 32 40 la6k 0 As I live forever “As certainly as I live forever” or “I swear by my life which is never-ending.” This statement assures the people that what God says in [Deuteronomy 32:41](../32/41.md)-[Deuteronomy 32:42](./42.md) will happen.
|
||||
DEU 32 41 zb2k figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 41 x382 figs-metonymy 0 When I sharpen my glittering sword “When I sharpen my shining sword.” This means God is preparing to judge and punish his enemies. Alternate translation: “When I am ready to judge my enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 32 41 yfw3 figs-synecdoche 0 when my hand begins to bring justice Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “when I get ready to judge the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 32 42 p1fx figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses speaks a poetic song to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 42 mma7 figs-metaphor 0 I will make my arrows drunk with blood, and my sword will devour flesh with the blood Yahweh speaks of arrows as if they were people to whom he could give alcohol and make them drunk, and of a sword as if it were a person who was so hungry that he would eat an animal before draining the blood out. These metaphors are metonyms for a soldier using arrows and a sword to kill many enemies. This in turn is a metaphor for Yahweh killing his enemies in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
DEU 32 42 ml4t 0 from the heads of the leaders of the enemy A possible meaning is “from the long-haired heads of the enemy.”
|
||||
DEU 32 43 mm3z figs-parallelism 0 General Information: This is the end of Moses’ song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 43 hzi1 figs-metonymy 0 Rejoice, you nations Moses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
DEU 32 43 h5mv figs-metonymy 0 for he will avenge the blood of his servants; he will render vengeance on his enemies Here “blood of his servants” represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate translation: “for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 32 44 q6l6 0 recited This could mean: (1) “spoke” or (2) “sang.”
|
||||
DEU 32 44 zdk4 figs-synecdoche 0 in the ears of the people Here “ears” represents the people themselves and emphasizes that Moses wanted to make sure they heard the song clearly. Alternate translation: “to the people so they would be sure to hear it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 32 45 a69v 0 reciting This could mean: (1) “speaking” or (2) “singing.”
|
||||
DEU 32 46 llt8 0 He said to them “Moses said to the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 32 46 sqq3 figs-idiom 0 Fix your mind on This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to” or “Think about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 32 46 iw4n 0 I have witnessed to you This could mean: (1) “I have testified to you,” referring to what Yahweh has said he will do to the Israelites if they disobey, or (2) “I have commanded you,” referring to what Yahweh was commanding them to do.
|
||||
DEU 32 46 a9uh 0 your children “your children and descendants”
|
||||
DEU 32 47 v8tt 0 this is “this law is”
|
||||
DEU 32 47 wd7v figs-litotes 0 no trivial matter This litotes can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “something very important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
DEU 32 47 i8bs figs-metonymy 0 because it is your life The abstract noun “life” can be translated as the verb “live.” You may need to make explicit the metonymy of obeying the law, which represents the law itself. Alternate translation: “because you will live if you obey it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 32 47 a2bz figs-metaphor 0 prolong your days Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 32 49 i56s translate-names 0 mountains of Abarim This is the name of a mountain range in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 32 49 gwe2 0 Abarim, up Mount Nebo “Abarim and climb up Mount Nebo”
|
||||
DEU 32 49 u1pf translate-names 0 Mount Nebo This is the highest place in the Abarim Mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 32 49 y54j 0 opposite Jericho “on the other side of the river from Jericho”
|
||||
DEU 32 50 n95r 0 General Information: Yahweh finishes speaking to Moses.
|
||||
DEU 32 50 w499 figs-euphemism 0 be gathered to your people This is a polite way of saying Moses’ spirit would join the spirits of his relatives in the world of the dead. Alternate translation: “join your ancestors who died before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
DEU 32 50 gnq5 translate-names 0 Mount Hor This is the name of a mountain on the border of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 32 51 mwq1 translate-names 0 Meribah This is the name of the place in the desert where Moses disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 32 51 fv5z translate-names 0 wilderness of Zin This is the name of a wilderness on the southern border of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 33 intro y2l8 0 # Deuteronomy 33 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic lines of Moses’ blessings in 33:1-29.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Families<br>Moses gives a series of prophecies or instructions for each of the tribes of Israel and Israel overall. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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||||
DEU 33 1 p6db figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses begins to bless the tribes of Israel. Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 2 b26n figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh came from Sinai and rose from Seir upon them. He shined out from Mount Paran Moses compares Yahweh to the rising sun. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh came from Sinai, he looked to them like the sun when it rises from Seir and shines out from Mount Paran” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 2 d9h2 0 upon them “upon the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 33 2 d89e translate-numbers 0 ten thousands of holy ones “10,000 angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 33 2 v2fc 0 In his right hand were flashes of lightning Other This could mean: (1) “In his right hand were flames of fire” or (2) “He gave them a law of fire” or (3) “He came from the south, down his mountain slopes.”
|
||||
DEU 33 3 dj5y figs-parallelism 0 General Information: These verses are difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). Moses speaks the blessing in the form of short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 3 pjq4 0 the peoples “the people of Israel”
|
||||
DEU 33 3 uuu1 figs-pronouns 0 all his holy ones are in your hand … your feet … your words The pronouns “his” and “your” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “all Yahweh’s holy ones are in his hand … his feet … his words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
DEU 33 3 sx8z figs-metonymy 0 all his holy ones are in your hand The hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate translation: “you protect all his holy people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 4 j3nq 0 an inheritance “a possession” or “a precious possession”
|
||||
DEU 33 5 eer4 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Verse 5 is difficult to understand. Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 5 c2d9 0 there was a king “Yahweh became king”
|
||||
DEU 33 5 g63w 0 Jeshurun This is another name for Israel. Translated as in [Deuteronomy 32:15](../32/15.md).
|
||||
DEU 33 6 xmf7 0 Let Reuben live This begins Moses’ blessings to the individual tribes of Israel.
|
||||
DEU 33 6 qs86 0 but may his men be few Other This could mean: (1) “and may his men not be few” or (2) “even though his men are few.”
|
||||
DEU 33 7 e9mj figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 7 hxx8 figs-metonymy 0 to the voice of Judah Here “voice of Judah” refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “when the people of Judah pray to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 7 v8f7 figs-abstractnouns 0 be a help The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “help him to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 33 8 hq6l figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 8 f539 figs-you 0 Your Thummim and your Urim These were sacred stones the high priest carried on his breastplate and used at times to determine God’s will. Here “your” refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
DEU 33 8 d4cp figs-metonymy 0 your faithful one, the one whom you tested … with whom you struggled Moses refers to the tribe of Levi as if it were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 8 p5zx 0 your faithful one “the one who seeks to please you.”
|
||||
DEU 33 8 l4zu 0 Massah See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:16](../06/16.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Massah’ means ‘testing.’”
|
||||
DEU 33 8 vr2z 0 Meribah See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:51](../32/51.md). Translator may add a footnote that says: “The name ‘Meribah’ means ‘argue’ or ‘quarrel.’”
|
||||
DEU 33 9 a55p figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:2](../33/02.md). The blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](./08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 9 n8y3 0 your word “your commands”
|
||||
DEU 33 9 mi7x figs-doublet 0 guarded … kept These words both mean to watch over and to protect. They are often metaphors for “obeyed,” but here they should be translated literally because they refer to a time when the Levites literally killed people who were rebelling against Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 10 n6nd figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 10 q9bv 0 your … your … you … your Moses is speaking to Yahweh, so all these words are singular.
|
||||
DEU 33 11 y1nd figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues describing the tribe of Levi, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:8](../33/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 11 m8mw 0 accept be pleased with
|
||||
DEU 33 11 g9hx figs-synecdoche 0 the work of his hands Here the word “hands” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “all the work that he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
DEU 33 11 qcv6 figs-metonymy 0 Shatter the loins of The loins were considered the center of strength, and are here represent strength. Alternate translation: “Take away the strength of” or “Utterly destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 11 m34s figs-metaphor 0 rise up … rise up This phrase is used twice as a metaphor. Alternate translation: “rise up to fight … cause any more trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 11 d2c2 figs-idiom 0 rise up against This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fight against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
DEU 33 12 c4ca figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 12 wbv9 figs-activepassive 0 The one loved by Yahweh lives Here Moses is referring to the members of the tribe of Benjamin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The ones whom Yahweh loves live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 12 rf48 figs-abstractnouns 0 lives in security The abstact noun “security” can be translated using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “lives where no one can harm him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 33 12 t7re 0 he lives between Yahweh’s arms This could mean: (1) Yahweh protects the tribe of Benjamin with his power or (2) Yahweh lives in the hill region of the tribe of Benjamin. In both translations, it means Yahweh takes care of them.
|
||||
DEU 33 13 bn1r figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 13 l4ua 0 About Joseph This refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the tribe of Manasseh. Both tribes descended from Joseph.
|
||||
DEU 33 13 vty3 figs-metonymy 0 May his land be blessed by Yahweh The word “his” refers to Joseph which represents the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless their land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 13 y87w 0 with the precious things of heaven, with the dew “with the precious dew from the sky” or “with the precious rain from the sky”
|
||||
DEU 33 13 rzk5 0 dew water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
|
||||
DEU 33 13 xy69 0 the deep that lies beneath This refers to the water under the ground.
|
||||
DEU 33 14 tz8j figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 14 xt79 figs-activepassive 0 May his land be blessed This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 14 jc3s 0 with the precious things of the harvest of the sun “with the best crops that the sun causes to grow”
|
||||
DEU 33 14 w7c3 0 with the precious things of the produce of the months “with the best crops that grow month to month”
|
||||
DEU 33 15 y6md figs-explicit 0 finest things … precious things Moses is probably referring to food crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the best fruits … the precious fruits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 15 ex8p 0 ancient mountains “the mountains that existed long ago”
|
||||
DEU 33 15 e1pr 0 everlasting hills “the hills that will exist forever”
|
||||
DEU 33 16 rm3x figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 16 t49i figs-activepassive 0 May his land be blessed This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 16 sq7u 0 its abundance The abstract noun “abundance” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what it produces in large amounts”
|
||||
DEU 33 16 z8v1 figs-explicit 0 him who was in the bush The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who spoke to Moses from the burning bush” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 16 s176 figs-metaphor 0 Let the blessing come on the head of Joseph This metaphor is of a man putting his hand on the head of a son and asking God to bless the son. The man here is Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh bless Joseph as a father blesses his son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 16 yvh8 figs-synecdoche 0 come on the head of Joseph, and on the top of the head of him Here “head” and “top of the head” represent the whole person. Also, Joseph represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “be upon the descendants of Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 16 wr2z 0 top of the head Another possible meaning is “brow” or “forehead.”
|
||||
DEU 33 17 dw4y figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Joseph, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:13](../33/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 17 h7um figs-metaphor 0 The firstborn of an ox, majestic is he The ox is a metaphor for something large and strong. The word “firstborn” is a metaphor for honor. Alternate translation: “People will honor Joseph’s descendants, who are many and powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 17 emy2 figs-metaphor 0 his horns are the horns of The horn is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “he is as strong as” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 17 s54w figs-metaphor 0 With them he will push Pushing with his horns is a metaphor for strength. Alternate translation: “He is so strong that he will push” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 17 nv6i translate-numbers 0 ten thousands of Ephraim … the thousands of Manasseh This means the tribe of Ephraim will be stronger than the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the people of Ephraim, who number many times 10,000…the people of Manasseh, who number many times 1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 33 18 g9eh figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless each tribe of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks to the tribes of Zebulun and Issachar as if they were one man, so the word “your” and the command “rejoice” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 18 m1l6 figs-explicit 0 Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out, and you, Issachar, in your tents The people of Zebulun were located near the Mediterranean Sea. They traveled by sea and traded with other people. The people of Issachar preferred peaceful living and working the land and raising cattle. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 19 bwp6 0 There will they offer “It is there that they will offer”
|
||||
DEU 33 19 h5jn 0 sacrifices of righteousness “acceptable sacrifices” or “proper sacrifices”
|
||||
DEU 33 19 ime2 0 For they will suck the abundance of the seas, and from the sand on the seashore This could mean: (1) they will trade with people across the sea or (2) they were beginning to use sand in making pottery.
|
||||
DEU 33 19 cl5x figs-metaphor 0 For they will suck the abundance of the seas The Hebrew word translated “suck” here refers to how a baby nurses at its mother’s breast. It means the people will gain wealth from the sea like a baby gets milk from its mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 20 r21i figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 20 sb7w figs-activepassive 0 Blessed be he who enlarges Gad This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: This could mean: (1) “May Yahweh bless Gad and give him much land to live in” or (2) “People should say that Yahweh is good because he has given Gad much land to live in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 20 qa5j figs-simile 0 He will live there like a lioness, and he will tear off an arm or a head This means the people of Gad are strong and secure, and they will defeat their enemies in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
DEU 33 21 ypm2 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He continues to describe the tribe of Gad as one man, which he began to do in [Deuteronomy 33:20](../33/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 21 nad9 0 the leader’s portion This means a larger piece of land that a leader normally took.
|
||||
DEU 33 21 nfg7 0 He came with the heads of the people “They met with all the leaders of the Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 33 21 nt25 0 He carried out the justice of Yahweh and his decrees with Israel “They obeyed all that Yahweh had commanded the Israelites”
|
||||
DEU 33 22 r6bu figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 22 rjp5 figs-metaphor 0 Dan is a lion cub that leaps out from Bashan The people of Dan are strong like a lion cub, and they attack their enemies who live in Bashan. You can make clear the understood information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
DEU 33 23 xsb4 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. He speaks of the descendants of Naphtali as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 23 j9cl figs-metaphor 0 satisfied with favor Yahweh being pleased with Naphtali is spoken of as if “favor” were food that Naphtali ate until he was no longer hungry. Alternate translation: “who has all the good things he desires because Yahweh is pleased with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 23 xhj4 0 full of the blessing of Yahweh Blessings are spoken of as if they were food that Naphtali ate until he could hold no more. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has blessed so that he has all he needs”
|
||||
DEU 33 23 av3i figs-you 0 take possession Moses speaks as if the tribe of Naphtali is one man, so these words are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 23 q4kc figs-explicit 0 the land to the west and south This refers to the land around Lake Galilee. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 24 b3kp figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Moses continues to bless the tribes of Israel; the blessings are short poems. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 24 frq4 figs-explicit 0 dip his foot in olive oil Olive oil was used for food and for the skin of the face and arms. Feet were dirty, so to put the foot in olive oil was to ruin valuable oil. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “have so much olive oil that he can afford to waste it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 25 ht1b figs-you 0 your city bars … your days … your security Moses speaks to the tribe of Asher as if they are one man, so all instances of “your” are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 25 eim5 figs-explicit 0 May your city bars be iron and bronze Cities had large bars across their gates to keep enemies out. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “May you be safe from attacks by your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
DEU 33 26 wxb7 figs-metaphor 0 rides through the heavens … on the clouds This is an image of Yahweh riding on clouds through the sky like a king on his chariot riding through a battlefield. Alternate translation: “rides through the heavens like a king rides through a battlefield … on the clouds like a king on his chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 26 l9qh figs-you 0 to your help “to help you.” Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 27 if2j figs-abstractnouns 0 The eternal God is a refuge The abstract noun “refuge,” which means a shelter or a place safe from danger, can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The eternal God will protect his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 33 27 bk5r figs-metaphor 0 underneath are the everlasting arms The words “everlasting arms” are a metaphor for Yahweh’s promise to protect his people forever. Alternate translation: “he will support and take care of his people forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 27 hrf2 figs-pastforfuture 0 He thrust out … he said Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true. AT “He will thrust out … he will say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
DEU 33 27 zfz8 figs-you 0 before you … Destroy Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” and the command “destroy” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 27 an79 figs-quotations 0 he said, “Destroy!” If this direct quotation would not work well in your language, you may change it to an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “he will tell you to destroy them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
DEU 33 28 c8xi figs-pastforfuture 0 Israel dwelt … Jacob’s spring was secure This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true, “Israel will dwell … Jacob’s spring will be secure” or (2) Moses is blessing Israel, “May Israel dwell … and may Jacob’s spring be secure.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
DEU 33 28 cp65 figs-metonymy 0 Jacob’s spring This could mean: (1) Jacob’s home or (2) Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
DEU 33 28 ze3a figs-metaphor 0 let his heavens drop dew The dew is spoken of as being so much that it is as if it were raining. This could mean: (1) Moses is blessing Israel, “may much dew cover the land like rain” or (2) Moses is telling what will happen in the future, “much dew will cover the land like rain.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 33 28 qcg6 0 dew water that forms on leaves and grass on cool mornings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:2](../32/02.md).
|
||||
DEU 33 29 hn5q figs-you 0 General Information: Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the words “you” and “your” here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
DEU 33 29 q9sn figs-rquestion 0 Who is like you, a people saved by Yahweh … majesty? This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There is no other people group like you, a people whom Yahweh has saved … majesty.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
DEU 33 29 n3du figs-merism 0 the shield … the sword This merism speaks of Yahweh defending the Israelites from their enemies and enabling them to attack their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
DEU 33 29 tm9a figs-metaphor 0 the shield of your help The word “shield” is a metaphor for Yahweh protecting and defending the Israelites. The abstract noun “help” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the one who protects you and helps you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
DEU 33 29 cur3 figs-metaphor 0 the sword of your majesty The word “sword” is a metaphor for the power to kill with the sword in order to win battles. Alternate translation: “the one who enables you to win battles and so have majesty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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DEU 33 29 ly3l 0 you will trample down their high places This could mean: (1) the Israelites will destroy the places where the other people worship false gods or (2) the Israelites will walk on the backs of their enemies when the Israelites defeat them.
|
||||
DEU 34 intro kh67 0 # Deuteronomy 34 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter may have been written by Joshua, since it recorded Moses’ death. This chapter officially ends the revelation of the law of Moses, and life in the Promised Land is about to begin again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
|
||||
DEU 34 1 ayb8 0 Mount Nebo This is the highest point of Mount Pisgah which is in the northern part of the Abarim mountain range. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 32:49](../32/49.md).
|
||||
DEU 34 1 r9wl 0 Pisgah See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:17](../03/17.md).
|
||||
DEU 34 3 h1nc translate-names 0 the City of Palms This is another name for Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
DEU 34 4 aj1d 0 look at it with your eyes “see it for yourself”
|
||||
DEU 34 6 z3y1 0 Beth Peor This was a town in Moab. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 3:29](../03/29.md).
|
||||
DEU 34 6 i3kg 0 to this day This refers to the time that this was written or edited, not to the present time in the twenty-first century.
|
||||
DEU 34 7 l52x translate-numbers 0 one hundred twenty years old “30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 34 7 gif3 0 his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated This means his eyes and body were still strong and healthy.
|
||||
DEU 34 8 uz65 translate-numbers 0 thirty days “30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
DEU 34 9 znf5 0 son of Nun See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 1:38](../01/38.md).
|
||||
DEU 34 9 g774 figs-metaphor 0 Joshua … was full of the spirit of wisdom The writer speaks as if Joshua were a container and the spirit were a physical object that could be put into a container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh enabled Joshua … to be very wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
DEU 34 9 yd83 figs-explicit 0 Moses had laid his hands on him The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Moses had laid his hands on him to set Joshua apart so Joshua would serve Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
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DEU 34 10 t1l8 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh knew face to face This is an idiom. It means Yahweh and Moses had a very close relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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DEU 34 12 mq8g 0 in all the great “who did all the great”
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fr_tn_06-JOS.tsv
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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
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JOS front intro syt5 0 # Introduction to Joshua<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Joshua<br><br>1. Conquest of the land of Canaan (1:1–12:24)<br>- Preparation for conquest; spies; crossing the Jordan River (1:1–5:1)<br>- Ceremonies at Gilgal; conquest of Jericho and Ai (5:2–8:29)<br>- The covenant affirmed at Shechem (8:30–35)<br>- Southern and central campaigns; northern campaigns (9:1–12:24)<br>1. Settlement in the Promised Land; division of the land (13:1–22:34)<br>1. Joshua’s final days (23:1–24:33)<br><br>### What is the Book of Joshua about?<br><br>The Book of Joshua is about the Israelites entering and occupying the Promised Land. Joshua was the leader that replaced Moses. He led the Israelites as they fought the people living in the Promised Land. This book also tells how the Israelites divided the land among the twelve tribes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book traditionally has the title “Joshua” because Joshua leads the people of Israel after Moses dies. Translators may create a title such as “The Book About When Joshua Led Israel.” Translators should avoid a title that suggests Joshua as the writer of the book.<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Joshua?<br><br>The book does not tell who wrote it. However, some verses in the book indicate that Joshua may have written at least part of it. Since ancient times, Jews have thought that Joshua wrote most of the book.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### How does the Book of Joshua present the cause of historical events?<br><br>In the ancient Near East, people assumed that gods caused world events to happen in a certain way. The Book of Joshua has some similarities with this view, but there are important differences. The events in the Book of Joshua occurred because Yahweh promised the Israelites that he would give them the Promised Land. What happened also depended on whether or not the Israelites obeyed Yahweh.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What does the phrase “to this day” mean?<br><br>This phrase was used by the writer to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. He must avoid giving the impression to readers that “to this day” means “to the present day.” The translator might decide to say “to this day, at the time when this was being written,” or “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Joshua 4:9; 6:25; 7:26; 8:28, 29; 10:27; 13:13; 14:14; 15:63; 16:10.<br><br>### What does the phrase “all Israel” mean?<br><br>This phrase appears many times in the Book of Joshua, but it does not always mean every person in the nation of Israel. At times it means the Israelite army. At other times it means the representatives of the twelve tribes of Israel. In still other passages, it probably means a large number of the people in the nation of Israel.<br><br>### When should Joshua be translated?<br><br>The Book of Joshua should probably not be translated before Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. This is because the historical events of Joshua will not be understood without the information in these previous books.<br>
|
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JOS 1 intro r7gc 0 # Joshua 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter appears to be a natural continuation of the book of Deuteronomy.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Be strong and Courageous<br><br>Joshua is often told, “Be strong and courageous.” This repeated encouragement is on purpose and may indicate Joshua will need help in the future.<br>
|
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JOS 1 1 s8u5 יְהוָ֑ה 1 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
JOS 1 1 eka2 translate-names נ֔וּן 1 Nun Joshua’s father (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 1 2 le23 figs-idiom עֲבֹ֜ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן הַזֶּ֗ה 1 cross over this Jordan To “cross over” means “go to the opposite bank of the river.” Alternate translation: “travel from this side to the opposite side of the Jordan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 2 vix4 figs-you אַתָּה֙ וְכָל־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה 1 you and all this people The word “you” here refers to Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 1 3 v1l7 figs-pastforfuture כָּל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְכֶ֛ם בּ֖וֹ לָכֶ֣ם נְתַתִּ֑יו 1 I have given you every place God giving the land to the Israelites in the future is spoken of as if he gave it to them in the past. This emphasizes that he will certainly give it to them. Alternate translation: “I will give to you every place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
JOS 1 3 xjc9 figs-you בּ֖וֹ לָכֶ֣ם נְתַתִּ֑יו 1 I have given you The word “you” refers to both Joshua and the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 1 3 t94e figs-idiom כָּל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְכֶ֛ם 1 every place where the sole of your foot will walk This refers to all the places Joshua and the Israelites will travel when they cross the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “everywhere you go in this land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 4 wl7a 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua.
|
||||
JOS 1 4 nbe3 figs-you גְּבוּלְכֶֽם 1 your land The word “your” refers to the tribes of Israel and not only Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 1 5 w48w figs-you יִתְיַצֵּ֥ב…לְפָנֶ֔יךָ 1 to stand before you In verse 5 the words “you” and “your” refer to Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 1 5 iq2e figs-doublet לֹ֥א אַרְפְּךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א אֶעֶזְבֶֽךָּ 1 I will not abandon you or leave you The words “abandon” and “leave” mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that he will not do these things. Alternate translation: “I will certainly stay with you always” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JOS 1 6 a5yc figs-imperative 0 General Information: Yahweh gives Joshua a series of commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
|
||||
JOS 1 6 gn34 figs-imperative חֲזַ֖ק וֶאֱמָ֑ץ 1 Be strong and courageous Yahweh commands Joshua to overcome his fears with courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
|
||||
JOS 1 7 db9m figs-imperative אַל־תָּס֥וּר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול 1 Do not turn from it to the right or to the left This can be stated as a positive command. Alternate translation: “Follow it exactly” or “Follow them exactly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
|
||||
JOS 1 7 jy5x תַּשְׂכִּ֔יל 1 be successful “achieve your goal” or “reach your goal”
|
||||
JOS 1 8 t4mz 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua.
|
||||
JOS 1 8 lcs7 figs-doublet תַּצְלִ֥יחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶ֖ךָ וְאָ֥ז תַּשְׂכִּֽיל 1 prosperous and successful These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize great prosperity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOS 1 9 vt4l figs-rquestion הֲל֤וֹא צִוִּיתִ֨יךָ֙ 1 Have I not commanded you? This refers to Yahweh commanding Joshua. Alternate translation: “I have commanded you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOS 1 9 fnz8 figs-imperative חֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָ֔ץ 1 Be strong and courageous! Yahweh is commanding Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
|
||||
JOS 1 10 b59x figs-explicit הָעָ֖ם 1 the people This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 1 11 f3rg figs-quotesinquotes עִבְר֣וּ׀ בְּקֶ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה וְצַוּ֤וּ אֶת־הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הָכִ֥ינוּ לָכֶ֖ם צֵידָ֑ה כִּ֞י בְּע֣וֹד׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים אַתֶּם֙ עֹֽבְרִים֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן הַזֶּ֔ה לָבוֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם נֹתֵ֥ן לָכֶ֖ם לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ 1 Go through the camp and command the people, ‘Prepare … possess.’ Embedded quotes can be expressed as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: “Go through the camp and command the people to prepare provisions for themselves. In three days they will cross over this Jordan and go in and possess the land that Yahweh their God is giving them to possess.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
|
||||
JOS 1 11 ck8h בְּע֣וֹד׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים 1 In three days Here Joshua was counting his present day as day one. Alternate translation: “Two days from now” or “On the day after tomorrow”
|
||||
JOS 1 11 wg1e figs-idiom עֹֽבְרִים֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן 1 cross over this Jordan “cross over” refers to going to the opposite side of the river. Alternate translation: “travel to the other side of the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 12 uji6 figs-explicit 0 General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Manasseh chose to settle east of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 1 12 fx7h translate-names וְלָרֽאוּבֵנִי֙ 1 Reubenites These were the descendants of Reuben. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 1 12 z8vh translate-names וְלַגָּדִ֔י 1 Gadites These were the decendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 1 14 mm4q 0 General Information: Joshua continues speaking to the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
|
||||
JOS 1 14 tf68 טַפְּכֶם֮ 1 your little ones “your little children”
|
||||
JOS 1 14 fb4d figs-idiom בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 beyond the Jordan This refers to the east side of the Jordan River. Later most of the Israelites would live west of the Jordan, so they called the east side “beyond the Jordan.” But at this time they were all still on the east side. Alternate translation: “east of the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 15 b5yt figs-idiom אֲשֶׁר־יָנִ֨יחַ…לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם֮ 1 given your brothers rest This refers to Israel defeating all their enemies residing in Canaan that they were to conquer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 15 g4ez וְשַׁבְתֶּ֞ם לְאֶ֤רֶץ יְרֻשַּׁתְכֶם֙ וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם 1 you will … possess it This refers to living out their life on the land in peace.
|
||||
JOS 1 15 rrj2 figs-idiom בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרַ֥ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ 1 beyond the Jordan, where the sun rises This refers to the east side of the Jordan river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 1 16 c7t9 0 General Information: These Isrelites were specifically the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh that replied to Joshua.
|
||||
JOS 1 18 rel4 figs-parallelism יַמְרֶ֣ה אֶת־פִּ֗יךָ וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁמַ֧ע אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֛יךָ 1 rebels against your commands and disobeys your words These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that any form of disobedience will be punished. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 1 18 lbc3 figs-activepassive יוּמָ֑ת 1 will be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will put to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 1 18 zez7 figs-parallelism חֲזַ֥ק וֶאֱמָֽץ 1 be strong and courageous Israel and God considered both traits important for Joshua to pursue as their leader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 2 intro vg4m 0 # Joshua 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the story of the conquest of the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Rahab’s faith<br><br>Rahab expressed her faith in Yahweh. The statement “for Yahweh your God, he is God in heaven above and on the earth below” is a recognition of her faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The Israelites were to completely destroy the evil Canaanites. They are compared to melting snow: “…melting away because of us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br>
|
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JOS 2 1 ig8n translate-names נ֠וּן 1 Nun This is Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 2 1 w886 translate-names הַשִּׁטִּ֞ים 1 Shittim This is the name of a place on the east side of the Jordan River. It means “Acacia Trees.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 2 1 z78b מְרַגְּלִים֙ 1 as spies These men were to visit the land to gain information on how Israel should conquer the land.
|
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JOS 2 4 k613 0 General Information: Rahab the prostitute protects the two Israelite spies from harm.
|
||||
JOS 2 4 l15y וַתִּקַּ֧ח הָֽאִשָּׁ֛ה אֶת־שְׁנֵ֥י הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים וַֽתִּצְפְּנ֑וֹ 1 But the woman had taken the two men and hidden them This happened before the king’s messenger spoke to her.
|
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JOS 2 4 am3m הָֽאִשָּׁ֛ה 1 the woman This refers to Rahab, the prostitute.
|
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JOS 2 5 j3x6 בַּחֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙ 1 dusk This is the time that day begins to change to the darkness of night.
|
||||
JOS 2 6 l5zb writing-background וְהִ֖יא הֶעֱלָ֣תַם הַגָּ֑גָה וַֽתִּטְמְנֵם֙ בְּפִשְׁתֵּ֣י הָעֵ֔ץ הָעֲרֻכ֥וֹת לָ֖הּ עַל־הַגָּֽג 1 But she had taken them … on the roof This is background information and explains how she had hidden the men in [Joshua 2:4](../02/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JOS 2 6 st56 הַגָּ֑גָה 1 the roof The roof was flat and strong, so people could walk around on it.
|
||||
JOS 2 6 b99c בְּפִשְׁתֵּ֣י 1 flax a plant that is grown for its fibers, which is used in making cloth
|
||||
JOS 2 7 kdj3 וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים רָדְפ֤וּ אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ 1 the men pursued them The men pursued the spies because of what Rahab had told them in [Joshua 2:5](../02/05.md).
|
||||
JOS 2 7 p4sx הַֽמַּעְבְּר֑וֹת 1 fords places where a river or other body of water is shallow enough for people to get to the other side by walking through it
|
||||
JOS 2 8 ds5e figs-idiom טֶ֣רֶם יִשְׁכָּב֑וּן 1 not yet lain down This refers to going to sleep for the night. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 2 9 t8zy figs-you יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּֽי־נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 I know that Yahweh has given you the land The word “you” refers to the all the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 2 9 xr6a figs-metaphor נָפְלָ֤ה אֵֽימַתְכֶם֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ 1 fear of you has come upon us Becoming afraid is spoken of as if feat came and attacked them. Alternate translation: “we have become afraid of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 2 9 u74z figs-metaphor נָמֹ֛גוּ…מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם 1 will melt away before you This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. Possible meanings are 1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or 2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 2 10 m3e1 0 General Information: Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
|
||||
JOS 2 10 bcm2 יַם־סוּף֙ 1 the Sea of Reeds This is another name for the Red Sea.
|
||||
JOS 2 10 c6i6 translate-names לְסִיחֹ֣ן וּלְע֔וֹג 1 Sihon … Og These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 2 11 qx6v figs-doublet וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔נוּ וְלֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּאִ֖ישׁ 1 our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 2 12 j6sz 0 General Information: Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
|
||||
JOS 2 12 nmi4 figs-parallelism הִשָּֽׁבְעוּ־נָ֥א לִי֙…וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת 1 please swear to me … Give me a sure sign These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 2 12 nh3t figs-you עָשִׂ֥יתִי עִמָּכֶ֖ם חָ֑סֶד 1 I have been kind to you The word “you” refers to the two spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 2 13 m6i6 figs-euphemism וְהַחֲיִתֶ֞ם אֶת־…וְהִצַּלְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵ֖ינוּ מִמָּֽוֶת 1 spare the lives … save us from death a polite way of saying “do not to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOS 2 14 ji8q 0 General Information: The Israelite spies make the promise which Rahab asked for in [Joshua 2:12](../02/12.md)
|
||||
JOS 2 14 yb7i figs-idiom נַפְשֵׁ֤נוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם֙ לָמ֔וּת 1 Our life for yours, even to death This idiom is a way of swearing and asking God to curse them if they do not keep their promise. Alternate translation: “If we do not do what we promise, may Yahweh cause us to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 2 15 b3dr 0 General Information: The Israelite spies continue to talk to Rahab.
|
||||
JOS 2 17 dmh8 figs-hypo 1 This expresses a condition for the promise the spies had made to Rahab. The word, “this,” refers to “tie this scarlet rope in the window” in [Joshua 2:18](../02/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 2 18 e4iw 0 General Information: The Israelite spies continue talking to Rahab.
|
||||
JOS 2 18 x2n8 0 Connecting Statement: The Israelite spies clarify the condition they expressed in [Joshua 2:15](../02/15.md).
|
||||
JOS 2 19 vdc9 figs-hypo כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵא֩ מִדַּלְתֵ֨י 1 Whoever goes out of the doors of your house This phrase expresses a condition, creating a hypothetical situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 2 19 k27w figs-metonymy דָּמ֥וֹ בְרֹאשׁ֖וֹ 1 blood will be upon their own heads Here “blood” represents a person’s death. To be responsible for their own death is spoken of as if their blood would be on their heads. Alternate translation: “their death will be their own fault” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 2 19 m728 וַאֲנַ֣חְנוּ נְקִיִּ֑ם 1 we will be guiltless “we will be innocent”
|
||||
JOS 2 19 qg47 figs-euphemism אִם־יָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶה־בּֽוֹ 1 if a hand is laid upon any Here “a hand is laid upon” is a polite way of referring to causing someone injury. Alternate translation: “if we cause injury to any” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOS 2 20 ew4z 0 General Information: The two Israelite spies continue to speak to Rahab about their promise to her. The spies required Rahab to remain silent about their visit or they would be free from their oath to protect her family.
|
||||
JOS 2 20 e659 figs-you וְאִם־תַּגִּ֖ידִי 1 if you speak “You” refers to Rahab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 2 21 uxw6 כְּדִבְרֵיכֶ֣ם כֶּן 1 May what you say be done Rahab agreed to their terms of the oath to protect her family.
|
||||
JOS 2 22 gjr5 0 General Information: The two Israelites spies leave Jericho.
|
||||
JOS 2 22 a2i7 figs-explicit שָׁ֖בוּ הָרֹדְפִ֑ים 1 their pursuers returned It may be helpful to say they returned to Jericho. Alternate translation: “their pursuers returned to the city of Jericho” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 2 22 y2rj וְלֹ֥א מָצָֽאוּ 1 found nothing This refers to the men not finding the spies.
|
||||
JOS 2 23 zps9 figs-explicit וַיָּשֻׁ֜בוּ שְׁנֵ֤י הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ 1 The two men returned The two men returned back to the Israelite’s camp. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 2 23 y6et figs-doublet וַיָּשֻׁ֜בוּ…וַיֵּרְד֣וּ…וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ וַיָּבֹ֔אוּ 1 returned and crossed over and came back These are similar expressions referring to returning to where the Israelite’s are camped. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
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JOS 2 23 u3is figs-idiom וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ 1 crossed over “cross over” means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from this side to the opposite side of the Jordan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 2 23 i2bk translate-names נ֑וּן 1 Nun This is a male name; the father of Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 2 23 cv1w אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַמֹּצְא֖וֹת אוֹתָֽם 1 everything that had happened to them “all that the men had experienced and seen.”
|
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JOS 2 24 rk66 בְּיָדֵ֖נוּ 1 our This word, “us,” refers to Israel.
|
||||
JOS 2 24 eh7s figs-metaphor יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ 1 inhabitants of the land are melting away The people of the land toward Israel are like a substance that melts in the presence of heat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 3 intro qs85 0 # Joshua 03 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God dries the Jordan River<br><br>Joshua told the people “Dedicate yourselves to Yahweh tomorrow, for Yahweh will do wonders among you.” The conquest of the Promised Land is accomplished through the supernatural power of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br>
|
||||
JOS 3 1 ct91 וַיַּשְׁכֵּם֩ 1 got up The phrase, “got up,” means to “awaken.”
|
||||
JOS 3 1 y8kd מֵֽהַשִּׁטִּ֗ים 1 Shittim A place in the land of Moab, west of the Jordan River where the Israelites were camped before their entry into the promised land, Canaan.
|
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JOS 3 2 wz25 הַשֹּׁטְרִ֖ים 1 officers These are people holding a position of command or authority.
|
||||
JOS 3 3 ghy1 figs-metonymy אֶת־הָעָ֣ם 1 people This is the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 3 4 tn3h translate-bdistance כְּאַלְפַּ֥יִם אַמָּ֖ה 1 two thousand cubits “2,000 cubits.” The word “cubit” is a measurement equaling the distance from the elbow to the finger tips. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JOS 3 5 hy6c הִתְקַדָּ֑שׁוּ 1 Consecrate yourselves This refers to a special preparation of being religiously clean before Yahweh.
|
||||
JOS 3 5 wz6l יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֖ם נִפְלָאֽוֹת 1 Yahweh will do wonders Yahweh will be doing miracles for all to see and experience.
|
||||
JOS 3 6 ts4p שְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן 1 Take up the ark This is referring to the levites picking up the ark for the purpose of carrying it from one location to another.
|
||||
JOS 3 7 u6dt 0 General Information: Yahweh tells Joshua what the priest are to do.
|
||||
JOS 3 7 q8ud figs-metaphor אָחֵל֙ גַּדֶּלְךָ֔ בְּעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 I will make you a great man in the eyes of all Israel The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “the people will see what I do and realize that I have made you a great man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 3 8 b797 קְצֵה֙ מֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 edge of the waters of the Jordan Joshua is to approach the bank or edge of the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 3 9 pd66 0 General Information: Joshua tells Israel what Yahweh is about to do
|
||||
JOS 3 10 u9w6 figs-metaphor וְהוֹרֵ֣שׁ יוֹרִ֣ישׁ מִ֠פְּנֵיכֶם 1 drive out from before you Yahweh will force the other people living on the land to leave or be killed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 3 11 zex2 figs-idiom עֹבֵ֥ר 1 crosses over “cross over” means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “will travel from this side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 3 12 u1wf 0 General Information: Joshua continues to tell Israel of the miracle that Yahweh will do.
|
||||
JOS 3 12 u1wg 0 General Information: Just as Israel’s fathers experience crossing the Red Sea, these people will experience crossing the Jordan river on dry land.
|
||||
JOS 3 13 bej3 כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵ֣י 1 the soles of the feet This refers to the bottom of their feet.
|
||||
JOS 3 13 u9rl מִלְמָ֑עְלָה 1 upstream This word refers to the direction the Jordan River water is flowing toward Israel.
|
||||
JOS 3 13 s6ud וְיַעַמְד֖וּ נֵ֥ד אֶחָֽד 1 stand in one heap The water will stay in one spot or place. It will not flow around the priests.
|
||||
JOS 3 15 nhu7 figs-synecdoche בִּקְצֵ֣ה הַמָּ֑יִם 1 edge of the water This can refer to the surface of the water as well as the bank where the water flows to dry land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JOS 3 15 mu2b writing-background וְהַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן מָלֵא֙ עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָ֔יו כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י קָצִֽיר 1 now the Jordan overflows all its banks throughout the time of the harvest This is background information and it emphasizes the scale of what Yahweh is doing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JOS 3 17 dp93 0 General Information: The miraculous Jordan River crossing continues.
|
||||
JOS 3 17 tg4f figs-explicit הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן 1 the Jordan This refers to the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 3 17 w7z6 figs-idiom עֹֽבְרִים֙ 1 crossed over This phrase means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from this side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 4 intro eh7p 0 # Joshua 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s war<br>The conquering of the Promised Land was a special war. It was God’s war against the people of Canaan and Joshua recognized that they would only be victorious through Yahweh’s power. This is why their first act after crossing the Jordan River was to build an altar. This war was a witness to Yahweh’s power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br>
|
||||
JOS 4 1 yem9 figs-pronouns 0 General Information: Though Yahweh was speaking directly to Joshua, all occurrences of you include Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
JOS 4 1 h2p6 figs-idiom לַעֲב֖וֹר 1 crossed over The words “crossed over” refer to going to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “went across” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 4 1 lz4a figs-explicit אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 the Jordan the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 3 g6yc figs-quotesinquotes וְצַוּ֣וּ אוֹתָם֮ לֵאמֹר֒ שְׂאֽוּ־לָכֶ֨ם מִזֶּ֜ה מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן מִמַּצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים הָכִ֖ין שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֑ים וְהַעֲבַרְתֶּ֤ם אוֹתָם֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם וְהִנַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹתָ֔ם בַּמָּל֕וֹן אֲשֶׁר־תָּלִ֥ינוּ ב֖וֹ הַלָּֽיְלָה 1 Give them this command: ‘…‘ The nested quote can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Give them this command to take up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan where the priests are standing on the dry ground, and bring them over with you and lay them down in the place where you will spend the night tonight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
JOS 4 4 r99r 0 General Information: Joshua tells the twelve men what to do.
|
||||
JOS 4 5 wr9d figs-explicit אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְהָרִ֨ימוּ לָכֶ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶ֤בֶן אַחַת֙ עַל־שִׁכְמ֔וֹ 1 into the middle of the Jordan. Each of you is to take up a stone upon his shoulder Each of the twelve men were to pick up a large stone from the Jordan River bed and carry them to the other side to build a monument. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 6 v6tn 0 General Information: Joshua tells Israel what the pile of twelve stones mean.
|
||||
JOS 4 7 bq5m figs-activepassive נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִפְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה 1 The waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh cut off the waters of the Jordan in front of the ark of his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 4 7 gsy5 נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ 1 The waters of the Jordan were “The Jordan River was”
|
||||
JOS 4 7 ew13 נִכְרְת֜וּ…מִפְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן 1 were cut off before the ark The Jordan River was prevented by God from flowing up to the ark that was being carried by the priests.
|
||||
JOS 4 7 ww74 נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ 1 the waters of the Jordan were cut off The water flowing down the Jordan River stopped before the ark so everyone including the ark traveled on the dry river bed.
|
||||
JOS 4 8 q4qp 0 General Information: Joshua and Israel continue to do as Yahweh commanded.
|
||||
JOS 4 8 f69z figs-explicit וַיִּשְׂא֡וּ שְׁתֵּֽי־עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה אֲבָנִ֜ים מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן 1 they picked up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan This refers to the twelve men picking up stones from the middle of the Jordan River bed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 9 igh8 figs-explicit וּשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ 1 Then Joshua set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan These were twelve additional stones, not the stones that the twelve men carried from the river bed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 9 yb3y וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The memorial is there to this day This means the memorial was there to the day that the author was writing this book.
|
||||
JOS 4 10 reg9 הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ 1 the Jordan This refers to the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 4 10 bl85 figs-metonymy הָעָ֖ם 1 the people This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 4 10 er8c figs-idiom וַֽיַּעֲבֹֽרוּ 1 crossed over This means to go to the opposite bank of the river. Alternate translation: “traveled from one side to the opposite side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 4 11 vff8 figs-idiom לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם 1 before the people This refers to being in front of the people or in the sight of all the people. Everyone saw the ark being carried by the priests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 4 12 gp7q figs-explicit וַ֠יַּעַבְרוּ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֜ד וַחֲצִ֨י שֵׁ֤בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁה֙ חֲמֻשִׁ֔ים לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 The tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh passed before the people of Israel formed up as an army These were the soldiers of the 3 tribes that were fulfilling their obligation to lead the Israelites into battle for settling on the East side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 14 cc5t כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר יָרְא֥וּ 1 just as they The word “they” refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 4 15 m7sg 0 General Information: Yahweh tells Joshua to have the priests exit the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 4 17 xw1x 0 General Information: The Author was making it clear that parting the Jordan River was no different than parting the Red Sea for the previous generation.
|
||||
JOS 4 18 m5z1 וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ מֵֽי־הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ לִמְקוֹמָ֔ם וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ כִתְמוֹל־שִׁלְשׁ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָֽיו 1 waters of the Jordan returned to their place and overflowed its banks The Jordan River was overflowing its banks and flooding the area before and after Israel passed through on dry land.
|
||||
JOS 4 19 bf72 עָלוּ֙ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 came up out of the Jordan This refers to when Israel crossed the Jordan River on dry ground.
|
||||
JOS 4 19 zy5r translate-hebrewmonths בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹר לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן 1 on the tenth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
JOS 4 20 s8s2 figs-explicit וְאֵת֩ שְׁתֵּ֨ים עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה הָֽאֲבָנִים֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The twelve stones that they took out of the Jordan Each tribe was to take one stone from the Jordan River so Joshua could build a memorial of the crossing event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 4 22 lx8h 0 General Information: Joshua continues to remind the people the purpose of the pile of stones.
|
||||
JOS 4 22 p6nk וְהוֹדַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם 1 Tell your children It was for Israel to teach their children of God’s miracles so that they would honor Yahweh forever.
|
||||
JOS 4 24 qe29 figs-metonymy אֶת־יַ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י חֲזָקָ֖ה הִ֑יא 1 the hand of Yahweh is mighty This refers to the power of Yahweh being strong. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is mighty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 5 intro dv8f 0 # Joshua 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Circumcision<br><br>It would have been very unusual to be circumcised in a time of war. When men are circumcised they are unable to move without pain or to defend themselves in battle for several days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])<br><br>### Manna<br><br>Yahweh stops providing manna in this chapter and will no longer provide them with their daily allotment of food. This does not mean Yahweh’s care and provision will stop.<br>
|
||||
JOS 5 1 el1p figs-parallelism וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗ם וְלֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥ם עוֹד֙ ר֔וּחַ 1 their hearts melted … there was no longer any spirit in them These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of their fear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
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JOS 5 1 q8mi figs-metonymy וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗ם 1 their hearts melted Here “hearts” refers to their courage. They were so afraid that it was as if their courage melted away like wax in a fire. Alternate translation: “they lost all their courage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 5 1 a2wh figs-metonymy וְלֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥ם עוֹד֙ ר֔וּחַ 1 there was no longer any spirit in them Here “spirit” refers to their will to fight. Alternate translation: “they no longer had any will to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 5 3 m1u7 figs-explicit וַיַּעַשׂ־ל֥וֹ יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ חַֽרְב֣וֹת צֻרִ֑ים וַיָּ֨מָל֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י 1 Joshua made himself flint knives … he circumcised all the males There were over 600,000 males, so it is understood that while Joshua was in charge of this task, many other people helped him. If this would confuse your readers, you may want to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “Joshua and the Israelites made themselves flint knives … they circumcised all the males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 5 3 jin6 translate-names גִּבְעַ֖ת הָעֲרָלֽוֹת 1 Gibeath Haaraloth This is a place name which commemorates Israel rededicating themselves to Yahweh. It means “the hill of the foreskins.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 5 4 i17c 0 General Information: The reason all the males of Israel had to be circumcised is explained.
|
||||
JOS 5 4 uz5p אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה 1 the men of war the men who were old enough to be soldiers
|
||||
JOS 5 6 k8wl figs-metonymy שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֑ה 1 obey the voice of Yahweh Here “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “obey the things that Yahweh commanded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 5 6 jrp7 figs-metaphor אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ 1 a land flowing with milk and honey God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 5 9 x1q8 figs-metaphor הַיּ֗וֹם גַּלּ֛וֹתִי אֶת־חֶרְפַּ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֑ם 1 This day I have rolled away the disgrace of Egypt from you Their disgrace is spoken of as if it were a large stone that blocked their path. Here “rolled away” means “removed.” Alternate translation: “This day I have removed the disgrace of Egypt from you” or “You were disgraced when you were slaves in Egypt. But, today I have caused you to no longer be disgraced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 5 10 tdl1 translate-hebrewmonths בְּאַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֥וֹם לַחֹ֛דֶשׁ 1 the fourteenth day of the month This is near the end of March on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “the fourteenth day of the first month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 5 13 iyi7 figs-metaphor וַיִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָיו֙ וַיַּ֔רְא וְהִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ עֹמֵ֣ד 1 he lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold, a man was standing Here looking up is spoken of as if Joshua literally lifted his eyes in his hands. Alternate translation: “he looked up and saw that a man was standing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 5 13 x26s וְהִנֵּה 1 behold The word “behold” alerts us to pay special attention to new information. Your language may have a way of doing this.
|
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JOS 5 13 kk45 וְחַרְבּ֥וֹ שְׁלוּפָ֖ה בְּיָד֑וֹ 1 he had drawn his sword and it was in his hand Here the words “he” and “his” refer to the man who was standing in front of Joshua.
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JOS 5 14 d8u1 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר 1 He said The word “he” refers to the man Joshua saw.
|
||||
JOS 5 14 ds5l לֹ֗א 1 Neither This is the beginning of the man’s answer to Joshua’s question, “Are you for us or for our enemies?” This short answer could be clarified. Alternate translation: “I am neither for you nor for your enemies”
|
||||
JOS 5 14 r42a translate-symaction וַיִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו אַ֨רְצָה֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ 1 Joshua lay facedown on the ground to worship This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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||||
JOS 5 15 ge5y translate-symaction שַׁל־נַֽעַלְךָ֙ מֵעַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔ךָ 1 Take off your sandals from your feet This was an act of reverence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
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JOS 6 intro uie9 0 # Joshua 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh conquers<br><br>It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
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JOS 6 1 gbz8 וִֽירִיחוֹ֙ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up.
|
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JOS 6 2 j65i figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֣תִּי בְיָֽדְךָ֔ אֶת־יְרִיח֖וֹ וְאֶת־מַלְכָּ֑הּ גִּבּוֹרֵ֖י הֶחָֽיִל 1 I have delivered Jericho into your hand, its king, and its trained soldiers Yahweh is telling Joshua that he will certainly do this by saying that he has already done it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
JOS 6 2 v4hu figs-metonymy בְיָֽדְךָ֔ 1 into your hand The word “hand” is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: “so that you can control it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 6 3 fu9e 0 Connecting Statement: God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
|
||||
JOS 6 3 eik2 כֹּ֥ה תַעֲשֶׂ֖ה שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 You must do this for six days “You must do this once each day for six days”
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JOS 6 4 b6ml וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה כֹהֲנִ֡ים יִשְׂאוּ֩ שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֤וֹת הַיּֽוֹבְלִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הָאָר֔וֹן 1 Seven priests must carry seven trumpets of rams’ horns before the ark The seven priests are to march in front of other priests who are carrying the ark and marching around the city.
|
||||
JOS 6 5 zdc7 0 Connecting Statement: God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
|
||||
JOS 6 5 d5rg בִּמְשֹׁ֣ךְ׀ בְּקֶ֣רֶן הַיּוֹבֵ֗ל 1 they must sound a long blast with the ram’s horn … of the trumpet The word “they” refers to the seven priests. The “ram’s horn” and “trumpet” refer to the trumpets of rams’ horns that the priests were blowing in [Joshua 6:4](../06/04.md).
|
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JOS 6 5 g97v חוֹמַ֤ת הָעִיר֙ 1 the wall of the city “the outer wall of the city” or “the wall surrounding the city”
|
||||
JOS 6 6 h9cn translate-names נוּן֙ 1 Nun This is Joshua’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 6 6 s5ne שְׂא֖וּ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֑ית 1 Take up the ark of the covenant “Pick up the ark of the covenant”
|
||||
JOS 6 8 l35d figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 before Yahweh Possible meanings are 1) “in obedience to Yahweh” or 2) “in front of Yahweh’s ark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 6 8 vk7j וְתָקְע֖וּ בַּשּֽׁוֹפָר֑וֹת 1 they gave a blast on the trumpets “they sounded the trumpets loudly” or “the priests blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
|
||||
JOS 6 8 ayf9 figs-explicit וַֽאֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֹלֵ֖ךְ אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם 1 The ark of the covenant of Yahweh followed after them It can be stated clearly that there were people carrying the ark. Alternate translation: “The priests who were carrying the ark of the covenant of Yahweh followed after them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 6 10 ls5v figs-metonymy וְלֹֽא־תַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ אֶת־קוֹלְכֶ֔ם וְלֹא־יֵצֵ֥א מִפִּיכֶ֖ם דָּבָ֑ר 1 No sound must leave your mouths Sound leaving someone’s mouth refers to that person’s speaking or shouting. Alternate translation: “Do not yell or speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 6 10 tw9q figs-events וְאֶת־הָעָם֩ צִוָּ֨ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ 1 But Joshua commanded the people Joshua had commanded the people before they started walking around the city. Alternate translation: “Joshua had commanded the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
|
||||
JOS 6 13 k64v translate-numbers וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים…שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֜וֹת 1 seven priests … seven trumpets “7 priests…7 trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOS 6 13 ai87 וְתָקְע֖וּ בַּשּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת 1 gave blasts on the trumpets This means that they blew into their trumpets, causing them to make loud noises, multiple times. Alternate translation: “continually sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets continually”
|
||||
JOS 6 14 j232 translate-ordinal בַּיּ֤וֹם הַשֵּׁנִי֙ 1 the second day the next day (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
JOS 6 14 r4j1 כֹּ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ 1 They did this Israel marched around Jericho once every day.
|
||||
JOS 6 14 p14u translate-numbers שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים 1 six days “6 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOS 6 16 fp32 הָעָם֙ 1 the people This refers to the people of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 6 16 sc3s תָּקְע֥וּ…בַּשּׁוֹפָר֑וֹת 1 gave a blast with the trumpets “sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
|
||||
JOS 6 16 fj73 figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם 1 Yahweh has given you Joshua is saying that Yahweh will definitely give them the city by saying that he has already given it to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
JOS 6 16 wdh6 figs-you נָתַ֧ן…לָכֶ֖ם 1 given you The word “you” refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 6 17 ugl7 0 Connecting Statement: Joshua continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 6 17 w1sn figs-activepassive וְהָיְתָ֨ה הָעִ֥יר חֵ֛רֶם הִ֥יא וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖הּ לַֽיהוָ֑ה 1 The city and all that is in it will be set apart to Yahweh for destruction This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it for destruction” or “You must set apart to Yahweh the city and all that is in it by destroying it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 6 18 ypv3 figs-metaphor שִׁמְר֣וּ מִן־הַחֵ֔רֶם 1 be on guard about taking the things Being careful is spoken of as if they are to guard themselves. “Be careful that you do not take the things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 6 18 p8xv figs-metaphor וַעֲכַרְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתֽוֹ 1 you will bring trouble on it Doing something that makes bad things to happen to the city is spoken of as bringing trouble on it. Alternate translation: “you will cause bad things to happen to it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 6 19 bz6i אוֹצַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה 1 the treasury of Yahweh a collection of things set apart for the worship of Yahweh
|
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JOS 6 20 fm69 וַיָּרִ֤יעוּ הָעָם֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה 1 the people gave a great shout “the people of Israel shouted”
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JOS 6 20 v2v6 וַֽיִּתְקְע֖וּ בַּשֹּֽׁפָר֑וֹת 1 gave blasts with the trumpets “sounded the trumpets loudly” or “blew into the ram’s horn trumpets”
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JOS 6 24 ny39 וְהָעִ֛יר שָׂרְפ֥וּ 1 They burned the city The word “they” refers to the Israelite soldiers. It does not refer only to the two young men who brought Rahab and her family out of the city.
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JOS 6 25 w9ik figs-metonymy וַתֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בְּקֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 She lives in Israel The word “She” refers to Rahab and represents her descendants. Alternate translation: “Her descendants live in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 6 25 qlj6 עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה 1 to this day “now” or “even today.” Rahab’s descendants are still living in Israel as the original writer writes this story.
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JOS 6 26 cq3c figs-metaphor אָר֨וּר הָאִ֜ישׁ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָקוּם֙ וּבָנָ֞ה 1 Cursed is the man in Yahweh’s sight who rebuilds Being cursed in Yahweh’s sight represents being cursed by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh curse the man who rebuilds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 6 26 len7 figs-metaphor בִּבְכֹר֣וֹ יְיַסְּדֶ֔נָּה 1 At the cost of his firstborn son, he will lay the foundation The consequence of a man laying a new foundation for Jericho is that his firstborn son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he lays the foundation, he will lose his firstborn son” or “If he lays the foundation, his firstborn son will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 6 26 anp8 figs-metaphor וּבִצְעִיר֖וֹ יַצִּ֥יב דְּלָתֶֽיהָ 1 at the cost of his youngest son, he will set up its gates The consequence of a man setting up new gates for Jericho is that his youngest son would die. This is spoken of as if it were a cost that the man would pay. Alternate translation: “If he sets up its gates, he will lose his youngest son” or “If he sets up it gates, his youngest son will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 6 27 brx7 figs-metaphor וַיְהִ֥י שָׁמְע֖וֹ בְּכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ 1 his fame spread throughout the land This refers to Joshua’s fame, not Yahweh’s. Becoming known among the people throughout the land is spoken of as if his fame spread. Alternate translation: “Joshua became famous throughout the land” or “people throughout the land learned about Joshua” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 intro uv41 0 # Joshua 07 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sin brought defeat<br><br>It was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
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JOS 7 1 mtm4 בַּחֵ֑רֶם 1 the things that were set apart for destruction “the things that God had said they must set apart to him by destroying them”
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JOS 7 1 z3zl translate-names עָכָ֣ן…כַּרְמִי֩…זַבְדִּ֨י…זֶ֜רַח 1 Achan … Karmi … Zabdi … Zerah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 7 1 li2v figs-metaphor וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה 1 Yahweh’s anger burned “anger” and “burned” indicates intensity, not that fire is present. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s anger burned like a fire” or “Yahweh was very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 3 ui7f כָּל־הָעָם֒ 1 all the people This refers to the army of Israel.
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JOS 7 3 z2xr מְעַ֖ט הֵֽמָּה 1 they are few in number The word “they” refers to the people of Ai.
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JOS 7 4 i5e8 וַיַּעֲל֤וּ מִן־הָעָם֙ שָׁ֔מָּה כִּשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 three thousand men went up from the army These men were part of the army. Alternate translation: “three thousand men belonging to the army went up”
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JOS 7 4 ak54 translate-numbers כִּשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 three thousand men “3,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 7 5 nyw2 translate-numbers כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וְשִׁשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ 1 thirty-six men “36 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 7 5 zcr5 figs-parallelism וַיִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָעָ֖ם וַיְהִ֥י לְמָֽיִם 1 The hearts of the people melted and became like water These phrases “melted” and “became like water” share similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that the people were extremely afraid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 7 5 j2v2 figs-synecdoche וַיִּמַּ֥ס לְבַב־הָעָ֖ם 1 The hearts of the people melted Here the people are represented by their “hearts” to emphasize their emotions. Alternate translation: “The people were very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 7 5 h4tc לְבַב־הָעָ֖ם 1 The hearts of the people The phrase “the people” refers to the Israelite soldiers.
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JOS 7 6 ty1c translate-symaction וַיִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ שִׂמְלֹתָ֗יו וַיִּפֹּל֩ עַל־פָּנָ֨יו אַ֜רְצָה לִפְנֵ֨י אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙ 1 tore his garments … put dust on their heads and lay facedown on the ground in front of the ark of Yahweh They did these things to show God how sad and distressed they were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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JOS 7 7 jb6r figs-ellipsis לָ֠מָה הֵעֲבַ֨רְתָּ הַעֲבִ֜יר אֶת־הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָתֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛נוּ בְּיַ֥ד הָאֱמֹרִ֖י לְהַאֲבִידֵ֑נוּ 1 To give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us? Joshua was asking if this is the reason God had brought them across the Jordan. Alternate translation: “Did you do it in order to give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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JOS 7 7 run5 figs-metonymy בְּיַ֥ד הָאֱמֹרִ֖י 1 To give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us? The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate translation: “To allow the Amorites to destroy us? (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 7 aq5b וְלוּ֙ הוֹאַ֣לְנוּ 1 If only we made a different decision The words “If only” show that this is a wish for something that had not happened. Alternate translation: “I wish we had made a different decision”
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JOS 7 8 x4pf 0 General Information: Joshua expresses frustration to God.
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JOS 7 8 ke9p figs-rquestion בִּ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י מָ֣ה אֹמַ֔ר אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִפְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽיו 1 what can I say, after Israel has turned their backs before their enemies? Joshua said this to show how upset he was that he did not even know what to say. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to say. Israel has turned their backs before their enemies!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 7 8 s4eb figs-metonymy הָפַ֧ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹ֖רֶף לִפְנֵ֥י אֹיְבָֽיו 1 Israel has turned their backs before their enemies Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “Israel has run away from their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 9 n2kp figs-metonymy וְנָסַ֣בּוּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ וְהִכְרִ֥יתוּ אֶת־שְׁמֵ֖נוּ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 They will surround us and make the people of the earth forget our name Making people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 7 9 r713 figs-metonymy לְשִׁמְךָ֥ הַגָּדֽוֹל 1 for your great name The phrase “your great name” here represents God’s reputation and power. Alternate translation: “And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 9 vd3r figs-rquestion וּמַֽה־תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה לְשִׁמְךָ֥ הַגָּדֽוֹל 1 What will you do for your great name? Joshua uses this question to warn God that if the Israelites are destroyed, then the other people will think that God is not great. Alternate translation: “Then there will be nothing you can do for your great name.” or “Then people will not know that you are great.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 7 10 ev1w 0 General Information: Yahweh tells Joshua why Israel is cursed.
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JOS 7 10 hqu3 figs-rquestion לָ֑ךְ לָ֣מָּה זֶּ֔ה אַתָּ֖ה נֹפֵ֥ל עַל־פָּנֶֽיךָ 1 Why are you lying there on your face? God used this question to rebuke Joshua for lying there on his face. Alternate translation: “Stop lying there with your face in the dirt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 7 11 lc29 הַחֵ֔רֶם 1 the things that were set apart These are the things “marked for destruction” from [Joshua 6:18-19](../06/18.md). Alternate translation: “the cursed things” or “those things which God has cursed”
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JOS 7 11 dd18 figs-metaphor גָּֽנְבוּ֙ וְגַ֣ם כִּֽחֲשׁ֔וּ 1 They have stolen and then also hidden their sin Hiding their sin represents trying to keep others from knowing that they have sinned. Alternate translation: “They have stolen those things, and then they tried to keep people from knowing that they sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 12 yzi5 figs-metonymy וְלֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָקוּם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵיהֶ֔ם 1 cannot stand before their enemies Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate translation: “cannot fight successfully against their enemies” or “cannot defeat their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 12 xix1 figs-metonymy עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם 1 They turned their backs from their enemies Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate translation: “They ran away from their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 12 fs9m figs-metonymy לֹ֤א אוֹסִיף֙ לִֽהְי֣וֹת עִמָּכֶ֔ם 1 I will not be with you any more Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate translation: “I will not help you any more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 13 u4s8 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua and tells him what to tell the people.
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JOS 7 13 ln4q אֶת־הָעָ֔ם 1 the people This refers to the people of Israel.
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JOS 7 13 j4ki figs-metonymy לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָקוּם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶ֔יךָ 1 You cannot stand against your enemies Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate translation: “You cannot fight successfully against your enemies” or “You cannot defeat your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 7 14 gjw9 0 Connecting Statement: Yahweh continues telling Joshua what he must tell the people.
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JOS 7 14 dp8p figs-idiom וְנִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם בַּבֹּ֖קֶר לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֑ם 1 you must present yourselves by your tribes There were twelve tribes that made up the people of Israel. The phrase “by your tribes” means “each tribe.” Alternate translation: “each of your tribes must present themselves to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 7 14 scj7 figs-idiom הַשֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה יִקְרַ֣ב לַמִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת 1 The tribe that Yahweh selects will come near by their clans The tribe was made up of multiple clans. Alternate translation: “From the tribe that Yahweh selects, each clan will come near” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 7 14 crt9 הַשֵּׁבֶט֩ אֲשֶׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֨נּוּ יְהוָ֜ה 1 The tribe that Yahweh selects The leaders of Israel would toss lots, and by doing this, they would learn which tribe Yahweh had selected. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The tribe that Yahweh selects by lot” or “The tribe that Yahweh selects when we toss lots”
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JOS 7 14 xl85 figs-idiom וְהַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֞ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִלְכְּדֶ֤נָּה יְהוָה֙ תִּקְרַ֣ב לַבָּתִּ֔ים 1 The clan that Yahweh selects must come near by each household The clan was made up of multiple households. Alternate translation: “From the clan that Yahweh selects, each household must come near” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 7 14 q8me figs-idiom וְהַבַּ֨יִת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִלְכְּדֶ֣נּוּ יְהוָ֔ה יִקְרַ֖ב לַגְּבָרִֽים 1 The household that Yahweh selects must come near one by one The household was made up of multiple people. Alternate translation: “From the household that Yahweh selects, each person must come near” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 7 15 d5nb figs-activepassive הַנִּלְכָּ֣ד 1 the one who is selected This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “the one whom Yahweh selects” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 7 15 g1vn figs-metaphor עָבַר֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה 1 he has broken the covenant of Yahweh Breaking the covenant represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “he has disobeyed the covenant of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 16 fdv2 0 General Information: Joshua follows Yahweh’s command to bring Israel before Yahweh.
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JOS 7 16 lzb4 figs-idiom וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִשְׁבָטָ֑יו 1 brought Israel near, tribe by tribe The phrase “tribe by tribe” means each tribe. Alternate translation: “brought each tribe of Israel near” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 7 16 g7qp figs-activepassive וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָֽה 1 the tribe of Judah was selected This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh selected the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 7 17 br4y figs-idiom וַיַּקְרֵ֞ב אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַזַּרְחִי֙ לַגְּבָרִ֔ים 1 He brought near the clan of the Zerahites person by person The phrase “person by person” is an idiom meaning each person. The persons in this sentence were the leaders of their households. Alternate translation: “He brought near each person of the clan of the Zerahites” or “From the clan of the Zerahites, he brought near each man who was the leader of his household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 7 17 z419 אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַזַּרְחִי֙ 1 the clan of the Zerahites The clan was named after the man named Zerah.
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JOS 7 17 ha7i translate-names זַבְדִּֽי 1 Zabdi This is a man’s name. Translate as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 7 18 u41u translate-names עָכָ֞ן…כַּרְמִ֧י…זַבְדִּ֛י…זֶ֖רַח 1 Zabdi … Achan … Karmi … Zerah These are men’s names. Translate them as you did in [Joshua 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 7 19 k521 figs-abstractnouns וְתֶן־ל֣וֹ תוֹדָ֑ה 1 give your confession to him The abstract noun “confession” can be expressed with the verb “confess.” Alternate translation: “confess to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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JOS 7 19 fv9g figs-metaphor אַל־תְּכַחֵ֖ד מִמֶּֽנִּי 1 Do not hide it from me Hiding information represents trying to keep someone from knowing it. Alternate translation: “Do not try to prevent me from knowing what you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 21 b9nn translate-bweight וּמָאתַ֧יִם שְׁקָלִ֣ים 1 two hundred shekels This is over two kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
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JOS 7 21 y7vj translate-bweight חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים שְׁקָלִים֙ 1 fifty shekels This is over 500 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
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JOS 7 21 xw3j figs-activepassive טְמוּנִ֥ים בָּאָ֛רֶץ 1 They are hidden in the ground This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I hid them in the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 7 23 vh7i וַיַּצִּקֻ֖ם 1 poured them out Use the word in your language for pouring many small solid things out of a large bag onto the ground.
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JOS 7 24 ta3l translate-names עֵ֥מֶק עָכֽוֹר 1 the Valley of Achor The name means “Valley of Trouble,” but it is best to translate Achor the way it sounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 7 25 vd6n figs-rquestion מֶ֣ה עֲכַרְתָּ֔נוּ 1 Why have you troubled us? Joshua uses this question to rebuke Achan. Alternate translation: “You have troubled us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 7 25 i3rq וַיִּשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתָם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּסְקְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם בָּאֲבָנִֽים 1 Then they stoned the rest with stones and burned them with fire. Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites burned Achan’s family to death and then covered them with stones or 2) the Israelites stoned Achan’s family to death and then burned the dead bodies or 3) that Achan and his possessions were stoned and then burned.
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JOS 7 26 zcp9 figs-metaphor וַיָּ֥שָׁב יְהוָ֖ה מֵחֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑וֹ 1 Yahweh turned away his burning anger Turning away his anger represents stopping being angry. Burning anger represents strong anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh stopped being angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 7 26 hfq5 עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 until this present day It was still called the valley of Achor at the time the author wrote this. Alternate translation: “even today” or “even now”
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JOS 8 intro f3jc 0 # Joshua 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sin brought defeat<br>It was great sin to take what was to be destroyed. Because of their sin, Yahweh withheld victory from the Israelites. Sin resulted in defeat in battle. Because they repented, Yahweh brought victory to Israel in Ai. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>### Built an altar<br>Altars were commonly built in the Ancient Near East to commemorate important events. Several altars were built in the Book of Joshua.<br>
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JOS 8 1 l4p8 figs-parallelism אַל־תִּירָ֣א וְאַל־תֵּחָ֔ת 1 Do not fear; do not be discouraged These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that there is no reason to be afraid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 8 1 den6 figs-metonymy נָתַ֣תִּי בְיָדְךָ֗ אֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ הָעַי֙ וְאֶת־עַמּ֔וֹ וְאֶת־עִיר֖וֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצֽוֹ 1 I have given into your hand the king of Ai … and his land Giving them into Israel’s hand represents giving Israel victory and control over them. Alternate translation: “I have given you victory over the king of Ai and his people, and I have given you control over his city and his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 8 1 t7bq figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֣תִּי 1 I have given God speaks of what he promises to do as though he had already done it, because he will certainly do it. Alternate translation: “I will certainly give” or “I am giving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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JOS 8 2 h3r6 figs-personification וּלְמַלְכָּ֗הּ 1 her king The word “her” refers to the city of Ai. Cities were often spoken of as if they were women. Alternate translation: “its king” or “their king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOS 8 3 k4uk עַ֥ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה 1 the men of war “the army of Israel”
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JOS 8 5 vtq4 0 General Information: Joshua continues to explain the battle plan to his soldiers.
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JOS 8 7 fw9x figs-metonymy וּנְתָנָ֛הּ…בְּיֶדְכֶֽם 1 will give it into your hand Here “hand” symbolizes the control and power the people have over their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 8 8 aj5t 0 General Information: Joshua finishes explaining the battle plan to his soldiers.
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JOS 8 9 yt5n וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֣ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ 1 Joshua sent them out This phrase refers to Joshua sending the thirty thousand men who had been selected to ambush Ai to where they would set the ambush.
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JOS 8 9 i3lf הַמַּאְרָ֔ב 1 the place of ambush “where they would hide until it was time to attack”
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JOS 8 12 ycd3 translate-numbers כַּחֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ 1 five thousand men “5,000 men.” This group seems to be a portion of the “thirty thousand men” ([Joshua 8:9](../08/09.md)). This smaller group remained in the ambush while the other 25,000 men attacked the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 8 13 j7b9 0 General Information: The Israelites prepare to fight the people of Ai.
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JOS 8 13 s1lu אֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה 1 the main army This refers to the largest group of fighting men, those not in the ambush group.
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JOS 8 13 nq1b עֲקֵב֖וֹ 1 rear guard those who were “set in ambush on the west side of the city” ([Joshua 8:12](../08/12.md))
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JOS 8 15 a83i figs-metonymy וַיִּנָּֽגְע֛וּ…לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם 1 let themselves be defeated before them “let themselves be defeated before the people of Ai.” The phrase “before them” represents what the people of Ai would see and think. The phrase “be defeated” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “let the people of Ai think that the Israelites were defeated” or “let the people of Ai think that they had defeated the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 8 15 w933 לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם 1 before them the army of Ai
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JOS 8 15 bri5 וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ 1 they fled The army of Israel fled.
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JOS 8 16 dr3a וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ 1 they went after … they were drawn away These occurrences of “they” refer to the army of Ai.
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JOS 8 16 m6sq לִרְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם 1 to go after them to go after the army of Isreal
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JOS 8 16 lcb5 figs-activepassive וַיִּזָּעֲק֗וּ כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בעיר 1 All the people who were in the city were called together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The city leaders called all the people in the city together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 8 16 k8ff figs-hyperbole כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בעיר 1 All the people who were in the city The writer speaks in a general way about all the people, but “all the people” refers only to those who could fight. Alternate translation: “all the people in the city who could help chase the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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JOS 8 17 zip6 וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הָעִיר֙ פְּתוּחָ֔ה 1 left it open “left the city gates open”
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JOS 8 18 xe2m figs-metonymy בְיָדְךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה 1 I will give Ai into your hand Giving Ai into Israel’s hand represents giving Israel victory and control over Ai. Alternate translation: “I will give you victory over Ai” or “I will cause you to capture Ai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 8 24 v2gf figs-parallelism כְּכַלּ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל לַהֲרֹג֩ אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י…וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב 1 when Israel had finished killing all the inhabitants … when all of them … had fallen by the edge of the sword The writer uses both of these sentences, which mean almost the same thing, to strongly say that the Israelites had obeyed God’s command to kill everyone in Ai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 8 24 dd98 figs-euphemism וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב 1 had fallen by the edge of the sword Here “fallen” is a euphemism for dying. Also, “the edge of the sword” represents whole swords, and swords represent either battle or the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “had died in battle” or “had died when the army of Israel attacked them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 8 25 d2ud translate-numbers שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אָ֑לֶף 1 twelve thousand “12,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 8 28 uiv3 שְׁמָמָ֔ה 1 an abandoned place It is a place where people once lived, but now, no one lives there.
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JOS 8 29 wd9u עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 to this day “today” or “even now”
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JOS 8 30 xev4 translate-names בְּהַ֖ר עֵיבָֽל 1 Mount Ebal a mountain in Canaan (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 8 35 ym6u figs-doublenegatives לֹֽא־הָיָ֣ה דָבָ֔ר מִכֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מֹשֶׁ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־קָרָ֜א יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ 1 There was not one word from all that Moses commanded that Joshua did not read This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “Joshua read every word of all that Moses commanded” or “Joshua read the entire law of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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JOS 8 35 kdu7 figs-metonymy יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 1 Israel This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 9 intro w1cx 0 # Joshua 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s mistake<br><br>Israel was deceived because “they did not consult with Yahweh for guidance.” Instead of consulting Yahweh, they attempted to achieve victory under their own power. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
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JOS 9 1 g4h4 translate-names הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן 1 the Jordan a shortened name for the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 2 uj94 figs-metonymy פֶּ֖ה אֶחָֽד 1 under one command Here “command” represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate translation: “obeying the commands of one leader” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 9 4 r5yb בְּעָרְמָ֔ה 1 cunning plan a crafty scheme intended to trick Joshua and the Israelites
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JOS 9 5 q9v6 יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים 1 dry and moldy “dry and filled with fungus” or “stale and ruined”
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JOS 9 6 rz8e figs-synecdoche אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 men of Israel This refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 9 7 w599 translate-names הַחִוִּ֑י 1 the Hivites This is another name for the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 7 t1r4 figs-rquestion אוּלַ֗י בְּקִרְבִּי֙ אַתָּ֣ה יוֹשֵׁ֔ב וְאֵ֖יךְ אֶֽכְרָת־לְךָ֥ בְרִֽית 1 Perhaps you live near us. How can we make a covenant with you? Joshua is emphasizing that the people of Israel have to follow the command of Yahweh above all else. Alternate translation: “If you do live near us, we cannot make a covenant with you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 9 10 kam4 translate-names לְסִיחוֹן֙ 1 Sihon This is the name of the defeated Amorite king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 10 s17h translate-names חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן 1 Heshbon This is the name of the royal city of the nation of Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 10 pz6y translate-names וּלְע֥וֹג 1 Og This is the name of the defeated king of Bashan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 10 p9ed translate-names בְּעַשְׁתָּרֽוֹת 1 Ashtaroth This is the name of a city known for worshiping the goddess of the same name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 11 hq3m figs-synecdoche בְיֶדְכֶ֤ם 1 in your hand This phrase means “take with you.” Here the word “hand” represents the possession by the Gibeonites of the provisions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 9 11 k7fe לִקְרָאתָ֑ם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֲלֵיהֶם֙ 1 meet them and say to them The word “them” refers to the people of Israel.
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JOS 9 15 f67z figs-parallelism וַיַּ֨עַשׂ לָהֶ֤ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ֙ שָׁל֔וֹם וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית לְחַיּוֹתָ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבְע֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם נְשִׂיאֵ֖י הָעֵדָֽה 1 Joshua made peace with them and made a covenant with them, to let them live. The leaders of the people also made a vow to them. These two sentences are saying that the same thing occurred. Joshua, the leader of the nation of Israel, promised not to kill the Gibeonites. The leaders of the nation of Israel, likewise, made the same covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 9 15 je8p figs-metonymy הָעֵדָֽה 1 the people Here this refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 9 17 s1u5 translate-numbers בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י 1 third day This refers to number three in order. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 9 17 q18q translate-names וְהַכְּפִירָ֔ה 1 Kephirah This is one of the cities of the Gibeonites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 17 j671 translate-names וּבְאֵר֖וֹת 1 Beeroth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 17 alr9 translate-names וְקִרְיַ֥ת יְעָרִֽים 1 Kiriath Jearim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 9 19 a168 הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה 1 the people Here this phrase refers to the nation of Israel.
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JOS 9 21 wg7n וַ֠יִּֽהְיוּ חֹטְבֵ֨י עֵצִ֤ים וְשֹֽׁאֲבֵי־מַ֨יִם֙ 1 the Gibeonites became cutters of wood and drawers of water “the Gibeonites became woodcutters and water carriers”
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JOS 9 23 zlp7 figs-metonymy לְבֵ֥ית אֱלֹהָֽי 1 house of my God Here this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 9 25 a5un figs-doublet כַּטּ֨וֹב וְכַיָּשָׁ֧ר 1 Whatever seems good and right The words “good” and “right” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Whatever seems fair and just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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JOS 9 26 gy9c לָהֶ֖ם 1 for them The word “them” here refers to the Gibeonites.
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JOS 9 27 p81s עַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה 1 to this day “even up to now.” This means that the people had continued to do these things even up to the day that the writer was living.
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JOS 10 intro uy1f 0 # Joshua 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 10:12-13 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a poem.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “For Yahweh was waging war on behalf of Israel”<br>Israel’s conquest of the Promised Land was Yahweh’s war on the ungodly Canaanites more than Israel’s war. This type of war was different from other wars and God gave Israel special instructions. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br><br>The people of Gibeon used an idiom when they called for help from Israel: “Do not withdraw your hands,” meaning “do not stop protecting.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])<br>
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JOS 10 1 au8p וַיְהִי֩ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story, Adoni-Zedek.
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JOS 10 1 y65k translate-names אֲדֹֽנִי־צֶ֜דֶק 1 Adoni-Zedek This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 3 y6ss translate-names יַרְמ֜וּת…לָכִ֛ישׁ…עֶגְל֖וֹן 1 Jarmuth … Lachish … Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 3 k9rg translate-names הוֹהָ֣ם…פִּרְאָ֨ם…יָפִ֧יעַ…דְּבִ֥יר 1 Hoham … Piram … Japhia … Debir These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 4 ct5k עֲלֽוּ־אֵלַ֣י 1 Come up to me “Travel to where I am.” Jerusalem was higher in elevation than other cities in Canaan.
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JOS 10 5 d9vy translate-numbers חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת׀ מַלְכֵ֣י 1 five kings “5 kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 10 5 m422 translate-names יַרְמוּת֙…לָכִ֣ישׁ…עֶגְל֔וֹן 1 Jarmuth … Lachish … Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 5 vs78 וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל 1 They set up their positions against Gibeon This means they set up their camp around their city. This was a way of weakening those in the city. It prevented people from escaping the city, and it prevented others from bringing food and water to them in the city.
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JOS 10 6 wk68 לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 They said The word “They” here refers to Gibeonites.
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JOS 10 6 zhx9 figs-litotes אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ 1 Do not withdraw your hands from your servants This humble request is stated with two negatives to emphasize the need for a positive action. Alternate translation: “Please come and use your strength to protect us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 10 6 am1x figs-metonymy יָדֶ֖יךָ 1 your hands The word “hands” here refers to the people of Israel’s strength. Alternate translation: “your strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 10 8 c4uw figs-metonymy בְיָדְךָ֖ נְתַתִּ֑ים 1 I have given them into your hand Here “hand” represents the people of Israel’s strength and their ability to defeat their enemy. The word “them” refers to the attacking army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 10 8 du96 נְתַתִּ֑ים 1 I have given them Here the word “them” refers to the attacking armies.
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JOS 10 9 ecq8 figs-synecdoche וַיָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ 1 Joshua came The entire army of Israel is referred to here by the name of their commander, Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 10 10 sq89 וַיְהֻמֵּ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Yahweh confused the enemy before Israel Here “Israel” refers to the entire army of Israel.
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JOS 10 10 yr7y translate-names בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן…עֲזֵקָ֖ה…מַקֵּדָֽה 1 Beth Horon … Azekah … Makkedah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 11 fbf9 translate-names בֵּית־חוֹרֹן֙…עֲזֵקָ֖ה 1 Beth Horon … Azekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 11 tuc9 הִשְׁלִ֣יךְ עֲלֵיהֶם֩ אֲבָנִ֨ים גְּדֹל֧וֹת מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם 1 threw large stones down from heaven “threw large hailstones from the sky”
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JOS 10 12 si1e figs-parallelism שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ בְּגִבְע֣וֹן דּ֔וֹם וְיָרֵ֖חַ בְּעֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן 1 Sun, be still at Gibeon, and moon, in the Valley of Aijalon Joshua is praying that Yahweh would make the progression of time stop on this day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 10 12 j9zt figs-personification שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ…וְיָרֵ֖חַ 1 Sun … moon Joshua commands the sun and moon as if these were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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JOS 10 12 ug8m translate-names בְּעֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן 1 Valley of Aijalon This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 13 dq14 figs-metonymy גּוֹי֙ 1 the nation This refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 10 13 b91l figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־הִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה עַל־סֵ֣פֶר הַיָּשָׁ֑ר 1 Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? The writer uses this question as background information to remind the reader that the incident is well-documented. Alternate translation: “This is written in The Book of Jashar.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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JOS 10 16 wcb9 translate-names בְּמַקֵּדָֽה 1 Makkedah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 17 mns8 figs-activepassive וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ 1 It was told to Joshua Messengers came and told Joshua. Alternate translation: “Someone told Joshua” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 10 19 l8tl figs-metonymy בְּיֶדְכֶֽם 1 into your hand The phrase “your hand” here means “your control.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
JOS 10 21 kb3w translate-names מַקֵּדָ֖ה 1 Makkedah Translate the same way as you did in [Joshua 10:10](../10/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 10 21 py6w לֹֽא־חָרַ֞ץ לִבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לְאִ֖ישׁ אֶת־לְשֹׁנֽוֹ 1 No one dared to say one word against “No one dared to say anything against” or “No one dared to complain or protest against”
|
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JOS 10 22 zs9n figs-idiom פִּתְח֖וּ אֶת־פִּ֣י הַמְּעָרָ֑ה 1 Open the mouth of the cave Here “mouth” is an idiom that means “entrance.” Alternate translation: “Open the entrance of the cave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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||||
JOS 10 23 g4te translate-names יַרְמ֔וּת…לָכִ֖ישׁ…עֶגְלֽוֹן 1 Jarmuth … Lachish … Eglon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 10 24 dnc1 figs-synecdoche כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 every man of Israel Here the men of Israel represent only those who were soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 10 27 e9z9 עַד־עֶ֖צֶם הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 to this very day “until the author wrote this story”
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||||
JOS 10 28 e1nc translate-names מַקֵּדָ֔ה 1 Makkedah This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [Joshua 10:10](../10/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 10 28 nhk6 figs-parallelism הֶחֱרִ֣ם אוֹתָ֗ם וְאֶת־כָּל־הַנֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔הּ לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד 1 He completely destroyed everyone in it. He left no survivor in it The second sentence summarizes the first sentence to emphasize that Joshua left no person or animal alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 10 29 k439 translate-names לִבְנָ֑ה 1 Libnah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 31 dsk6 translate-names מִלִּבְנָ֖ה לָכִ֑ישָׁה 1 Libnah … Lachish These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 10 32 yw79 figs-metonymy בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 into the hand of Israel Here their “hand” represents their control. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave Lachish into the control of the nation of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 10 33 rff2 translate-names הֹרָם֙ 1 Horam This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 33 lp2c translate-names גֶּ֔זֶר…אֶת־לָכִ֑ישׁ 1 Gezer … Lachish These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 34 y3g9 translate-names מִלָּכִ֖ישׁ עֶגְלֹ֑נָה 1 Lachish … Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 35 dqi7 figs-doublet וַיַּכּ֣וּהָ לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַנֶּ֣פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־…הַה֖וּא הֶחֱרִ֑ים 1 struck it with the edge of the sword … completely destroyed everyone in it These two phrases have similar meanings. Together they show the completeness of the destruction of Eglon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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JOS 10 36 a6ng translate-names מֵעֶגְל֖וֹנָה 1 Eglon This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 37 gba2 figs-metonymy וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּהָ וַיַּכּֽוּהָ־לְפִי־חֶ֠רֶב 1 They captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: “They captured and killed and destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 10 38 mr8b translate-names דְּבִ֑רָה 1 Debir This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 10 39 g2ta translate-names לִדְבִ֨רָה֙…לְלִבְנָ֖ה 1 Debir … Libnah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 10 39 m8bf figs-metonymy וַיַּכּ֣וּם לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב 1 They struck them with the edge of the sword The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate translation: “They killed and destroyed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 10 40 u843 figs-parallelism וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַנְּשָׁמָה֙ הֶחֱרִ֔ים 1 Of all their kings he left not one survivor. He completely destroyed every living thing These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize the complete destruction that the people of Israel accomplished at Yahweh’s command. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 10 42 qy8i כָּל־הַמְּלָכִ֤ים הָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ וְאֶת־אַרְצָ֔ם לָכַ֥ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ 1 Joshua captured all these kings and their land This refers to the kings and lands that were listed beginning in [Joshua 10:28](../10/28.md).
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||||
JOS 10 42 rbp2 figs-synecdoche לָכַ֥ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ 1 Joshua captured Here Joshua represents his whole army. Alternate translation: “Joshua and his soldiers captured” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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JOS 10 42 f9tx פַּ֣עַם אֶחָ֑ת 1 at one time This does not mean in one day. It means during one military campaign, which may have lasted many days or weeks.
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JOS 11 intro g8mw 0 # Joshua 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh overcomes the united forces of the northern kingdoms<br><br>Yahweh said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid in their presence, because tomorrow at this time I am giving them all to Israel as dead men.” Even when the kingdoms of Canaan joined forces, they were not able to overcome the power of Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### “Yahweh gave the enemy into the hand of Israel”<br>This phrase may present difficulties in translation. The translator should ensure that Yahweh receives credit for Israel’s victory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])<br>
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JOS 11 1 a1ca translate-names יָבִ֣ין…יוֹבָב֙ 1 Jabin … Jobab These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 1 zi5u translate-names חָצ֑וֹר…מָד֔וֹן…שִׁמְר֖וֹן…אַכְשָֽׁף 1 Hazor … Madon … Shimron … Akshaph These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 11 2 gz61 translate-names כִּֽנֲר֖וֹת…וּבְנָפ֥וֹת דּ֖וֹר 1 Kinnereth … Naphoth Dor These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 3 rds6 translate-names חֶרְמ֔וֹן 1 Mount Hermon This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 4 d9fb 0 General Information: All the Canaanite kings attack Joshua and the nation of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 11 4 e5l4 figs-hyperbole וְכָל־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ עִמָּ֔ם עַם־רָ֕ב כַּח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַת־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב 1 a great number of soldiers, in number like the sand on the seashore No one can count the grains of sand on the seashore. This exaggeration emphasizes the very large number of soldiers that these kings assembled. Alternate translation: “such a great number of soldiers that there appeared to be as many of them as there are grains of sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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JOS 11 5 kc2e translate-names מֵר֔וֹם 1 Merom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 11 6 n348 figs-metaphor אָנֹכִ֞י נֹתֵ֧ן אֶת־כֻּלָּ֛ם חֲלָלִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 I am giving them all to Israel as dead men Yahweh enabling Israel to conquer the enemy army and kill all of the soldiers is spoken of as if Yahweh killed the soldiers and then gave them to Israel. Alternate translation: “I will enable Israel to kill all of them in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 11 6 lgk2 אֶת־סוּסֵיהֶ֣ם תְּעַקֵּ֔ר 1 hamstring their horses “cripple their horses by cutting their legs.” This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot walk.
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JOS 11 7 sm9k translate-names מֵר֖וֹם 1 Merom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 8 cw9y figs-metaphor וַיִּתְּנֵ֨ם יְהוָ֥ה בְּיַֽד־יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ 1 Yahweh gave the enemy into the hand of Israel Here the word “hand” represents power. Yahweh enabling the army of Israel to conquer their enemy is spoken of as if Yahweh had put the enemy army into Israel’s hand. Alternate translation: “Yahweh enabled Israel to conquer the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 11 8 n4ub וַיַּכּוּם֒…וַיַּכֻּ֕ם 1 struck them … struck them “attacked them … attacked them”
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JOS 11 8 m9b1 translate-names מִשְׂרְפ֣וֹת מַ֔יִם 1 Misrephoth Maim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 9 q7dn עִקֵּ֔ר 1 hamstrung This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot run. See how you translated this word in [Joshua 11:6](../11/06.md).
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JOS 11 10 pbp8 מַלְכָּ֖הּ הִכָּ֣ה בֶחָ֑רֶב 1 He struck its king with the sword “Joshua killed the king of Hazor with his sword”
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JOS 11 10 cjd1 figs-metaphor חָצ֣וֹר לְפָנִ֔ים הִ֕יא רֹ֖אשׁ כָּל־הַמַּמְלָכ֥וֹת הָאֵֽלֶּה 1 Hazor had been head of all these kingdoms Hazor being the most important city is spoken of as Hazor being the head of the other kingdoms. Alternate translation: Hazor had been the most important of all these kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 11 be72 figs-parallelism וַ֠יַּכּוּ אֶת־כָּל־הַנֶּ֨פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֤הּ לְפִי־חֶ֨רֶב֙ הַֽחֲרֵ֔ם לֹ֥א נוֹתַ֖ר כָּל־נְשָׁמָ֑ה 1 They struck with the sword every living creature that was there … so there was not any living creature left alive These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 11 11 z2md figs-synecdoche הַֽחֲרֵ֔ם 1 he set them apart to be destroyed The word “he” refers to Joshua and represents himself and his army. Completely destroying every living thing in the city is spoken of as if those living things were dedicated for destruction. Alternate translation: “the army completely destroyed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 11 12 i5tz וַיַּכֵּ֥ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב 1 struck them with the edge of the sword “killed them”
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JOS 11 13 f8kv הֶעָרִ֗ים הָעֹֽמְדוֹת֙ עַל־תִּלָּ֔ם 1 cities built on mounds “cities built on small hills”
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JOS 11 14 grk1 figs-rpronouns לָהֶ֖ם 1 for themselves This phrase refers to the army of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
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JOS 11 14 n215 figs-parallelism אֶֽת־כָּל־הָאָדָ֞ם הִכּ֣וּ לְפִי־חֶ֗רֶב עַד־הִשְׁמִדָם֙ אוֹתָ֔ם לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖ירוּ כָּל־נְשָׁמָֽה 1 They killed every human being with the edge of the sword until all were dead. They left alive no creature that breathed. These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize complete destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JOS 11 15 ta4x figs-litotes לֹֽא־הֵסִ֣יר דָּבָ֔ר מִכֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה 1 He left nothing undone of all that Yahweh commanded Moses to do This negative phrase emphasizes that Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “Joshua did everything that Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 11 17 yr6b translate-names הָהָ֤ר הֶֽחָלָק֙…בַּ֤עַל גָּד֙ 1 Mount Halak … Baal Gad These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 20 pq7v figs-metaphor מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֣ה׀ הָיְתָ֡ה לְחַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבָּם֩ 1 it was Yahweh who hardened their hearts Yahweh causing the people of the cities to be stubborn is spoken of as if Yahweh had hardened their hearts. Alternate translation: “it was Yahweh who caused them to act stubbornly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 11 21 im1q translate-names אֶת־הָֽעֲנָקִים֙ 1 Anakim These are the descendants of Anak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 21 p6cd translate-names דְּבִ֣ר…עֲנָ֔ב 1 Debir … Anab These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 11 23 qe5v figs-metaphor וַיִּתְּנָהּ֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ לְנַחֲלָ֧ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל 1 Joshua gave it as an inheritance to Israel Joshua giving the land to the Israelites is spoken of as if he had given the Israelites an inheritance as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “Joshua gave the land to the Israelites as a permanent possession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 11 23 x695 figs-personification וְהָאָ֥רֶץ שָׁקְטָ֖ה מִמִּלְחָמָֽה 1 the land had rest from the wars The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. Alternate translation: “the people no longer fought wars in the land” or “there was peace in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 12 intro ga6k 0 # Joshua 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 12:2-5 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are part of a long list.<br>
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JOS 12 1 e45x writing-background וְאֵ֣לֶּה 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer begins to provide background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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JOS 12 1 fe2c וְאֵ֣לֶּה׀ מַלְכֵ֣י 1 these are the kings This refers to the list of kings that continues through verse 24.
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JOS 12 1 g8ju translate-names הָעֲרָבָ֖ה 1 the Arabah These are the names of a region of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 2 uv1m translate-names מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר 1 Aroer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 2 ts6s סִיחוֹן֙…בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן 1 Sihon … Heshbon See how you translated these words in [Joshua 9:10](../09/10.md).
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JOS 12 3 dh7d יָ֨ם כִּנְר֜וֹת 1 Sea of Kinnereth This is a place. See how you translated this in [Joshua 11:2](../11/02.md).
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JOS 12 3 gc3x translate-names בֵּ֣ית הַיְשִׁמ֑וֹת…הַפִּסְגָּֽה 1 Beth Jeshimoth … Mount Pisgah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 4 zb6d ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן 1 Og, king of Bashan See how you translated this man’s name in [Joshua 9:10](../09/10.md).
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JOS 12 4 m4ct translate-names הָרְפָאִ֑ים 1 the Rephaim These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 4 t7hy translate-names בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶֽעִי 1 Ashtaroth … Edrei These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 5 vu4f translate-names וּבְסַלְכָה֙ 1 Salekah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 5 sbq3 translate-names וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֑י 1 Maacathites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 6 bsj6 לָרֻֽאוּבֵנִי֙ 1 Reubenites These are the descendants of Reuben.
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JOS 12 6 p8zt וְלַגָּדִ֔י 1 Gadites These are the descendants of Gad.
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JOS 12 6 zk48 וְלַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֥בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּֽׁה 1 half tribe of Manasseh They are called a half tribe because the other half of the tribe received an inheritance in the land of Canaan.
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JOS 12 7 nie7 translate-names מִבַּ֤עַל גָּד֙…הָהָ֥ר הֶחָלָ֖ק 1 Baal Gad … Mount Halak These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 8 z37z translate-names וּבָֽעֲרָבָה֙ 1 the Arabah This is the name of a region of land. Translate as in [Joshua 12:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 10 ps2m translate-names חֶבְר֖וֹן 1 Enaim This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 12 11 aj97 translate-names יַרְמוּת֙…לָכִ֖ישׁ 1 Jarmuth … Lachish These are the names of cities. Translate in the same way you did in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 12 bgl2 translate-names עֶגְלוֹן֙…גֶּ֖זֶר 1 Eglon … Gezer These are the names of cities. Translate “Eglon” in the same way you did in [Joshua 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 13 mgg8 translate-names דְּבִר֙…גֶּ֖דֶר 1 Debir … Geder These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 14 e9ba translate-names חָרְמָה֙…עֲרָ֖ד 1 Hormah … Arad These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 15 nec9 translate-names לִבְנָה֙…עֲדֻלָּ֖ם 1 Libnah … Adullam These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 16 se49 translate-names מַקֵּדָה֙ 1 Makkedah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 17 g346 translate-names תַּפּ֨וּחַ֙…חֵ֖פֶר 1 Tappuah … Hepher These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 18 m8vl translate-names אֲפֵק֙…לַשָּׁר֖וֹן 1 Aphek … Lasharon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 19 ga17 translate-names מָדוֹן֙…חָצ֖וֹר 1 Madon … Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 20 cq4i translate-names שִׁמְר֤וֹן מְראוֹן֙…אַכְשָׁ֖ף 1 Shimron Meron … Akshaph These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 21 pv5n translate-names תַּעְנַךְ֙…מְגִדּ֖וֹ 1 Taanach … Megiddo These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 22 z2b9 translate-names קֶ֨דֶשׁ֙…יָקְנֳעָ֥ם 1 Kedesh … Jokneam These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 23 a6eq translate-names דּ֛וֹר לְנָפַ֥ת דּ֖וֹר…גּוֹיִ֥ם 1 Dor … Naphoth Dor … Goyim These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 24 kv8w translate-names תִּרְצָ֖ה 1 Tirzah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 12 24 aeg5 translate-numbers כָּל־מְלָכִ֖ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְאֶחָֽד 1 thirty-one in all “31 in all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 13 intro zl7s 0 # Joshua 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section about dividing the land between the tribes of Israel.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Division of the land<br><br>There was still much land to be captured west of the Jordan River, but the tribe of Reuben, Gad and half of the tribe of Mannasah received their land east of the Jordan. This land had been promised to them in Numbers 32.<br><br>### Driving out the people<br><br>While Yahweh achieved many great victories through Joshua, Israel was still supposed to drive out the rest of the Canaanites. Israel’s success in this would depend on their faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br>
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JOS 13 2 s51z figs-explicit זֹ֥את הָאָ֖רֶץ הַנִּשְׁאָ֑רֶת 1 This is the land that still remains You may clarify that this is the land that Israel still needs to capture. Alternate translation: “This is the land that still remains for Israel to capture” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 13 3 q1nv translate-names הַשִּׁיח֞וֹר 1 Shihor This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 3 a3iw figs-activepassive לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב 1 which is considered property of the Canaanites This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which the Canaanites now consider their property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 13 3 jnl3 translate-names וְהָעַוִּֽים 1 Avvites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 4 b13s translate-names וּמְעָרָ֛ה…אֲפֵ֑קָה 1 Arah … Aphek These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 5 bj71 translate-names מִבַּ֣עַל גָּ֔ד…הַר־חֶרְמ֑וֹן 1 Baal Gad … Mount Hermon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 5 jd8r translate-names הַגִּבְלִ֗י 1 Gebalites This is the name of a people group who lived in Geba. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 6 b7pk translate-names מִשְׂרְפֹ֥ת מַ֨יִם֙ 1 Misrephoth Maim this is the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 6 si8i figs-metaphor לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּֽנַחֲלָ֔ה 1 land … as an inheritance The land that Israel will claim is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they will receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 9 gfc4 translate-names מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר…מֵידְבָ֖א…דִּיבֽוֹן 1 Aroer … Medeba … Dibon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 9 lk8d הַנַּ֛חַל 1 gorge a place where the river is far below the land on the sides
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JOS 13 9 t2an הַמִּישֹׁ֥ר 1 plateau flat land high above rivers
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JOS 13 10 zm4w translate-names בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן 1 Heshbon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 11 whz4 translate-names סַלְכָֽה 1 Salekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 11 kc79 וּגְב֧וּל הַגְּשׁוּרִ֣י וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֗י 1 the region of the Geshurites and Maacathites “the land where the Geshurites and Maacathites lived”
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JOS 13 11 l98j translate-names וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֗י 1 Maacathites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 12 hw24 translate-names בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי 1 Ashtaroth … Edrei These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 12 u2dn translate-names הָרְפָאִ֔ים 1 Rephaim This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 12 l1cu figs-synecdoche וַיַּכֵּ֥ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה 1 Moses struck them Here “Moses” represents himself and the Israelite army that Moses led. Alternate translation: “Moses and the Israelites attacked them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 13 13 zb9l translate-names אֶת־הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְאֶת־הַמַּעֲכָתִ֑י 1 the Geshurites or the Maacathites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 13 hu1n figs-explicit גְּשׁ֤וּר וּמַֽעֲכָת֙ בְּקֶ֣רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Geshur and Maacath live among Israel “Geshur” and “Maacath” are either the names of the ancestors of “the Geshurites” and “the Maacathites” or are the names of the cities in which they lived. Alternate translation: “those people live among Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 13 13 xw7d עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
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JOS 13 14 zs6y figs-metaphor לֹ֥א נָתַ֖ן נַחֲלָ֑ה 1 Moses gave no inheritance The land that Moses assigned to the tribes of Israel is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 14 v9zc figs-metaphor אִשֵּׁ֨י יְהוָ֜ה…ה֣וּא נַחֲלָת֔וֹ 1 The offerings of Yahweh … are their inheritance The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as priests as if the offerings were something that they would inherit. Alternate translation: “The offerings of Yahweh … are what they will have for their provision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 14 br61 אִשֵּׁ֨י יְהוָ֜ה 1 offerings of Yahweh “offerings that the people were to bring to Yahweh”
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JOS 13 14 lz8a figs-activepassive אִשֵּׁ֨י 1 made by fire This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the priests burned with fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 13 16 f1uv translate-names מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר…מֵידְבָֽא 1 Aroer … Medeba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 16 s5yv נַ֨חַל…הַמִּישֹׁ֖ר 1 gorge … plateau See how you translated these words in [Joshua 13:9](../13/09.md).
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JOS 13 17 y6iu translate-names חֶשְׁבּ֥וֹן…דִּיבוֹן֙ וּבָמ֣וֹת בַּ֔עַל וּבֵ֖ית בַּ֥עַל מְעֽוֹן 1 Heshbon … Dibon … Bamoth Baal … Beth Baal Meon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 18 i4fe translate-names וְיַ֥הְצָה וּקְדֵמֹ֖ת וּמֵפָֽעַת 1 Jahaz … Kedemoth … Mephaath These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 19 f1h3 translate-names וְקִרְיָתַ֣יִם וְשִׂבְמָ֔ה וְצֶ֥רֶת הַשַּׁ֖חַר 1 Kiriathaim … Sibmah … Zereth Shahar These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 20 is7v translate-names וּבֵ֥ית פְּע֛וֹר…הַפִּסְגָּ֖ה וּבֵ֥ית הַיְשִׁמֽוֹת 1 Beth Peor … Pisgah … Beth Jeshimoth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 21 uld7 translate-names בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן 1 Heshbon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 21 j6hq translate-names סִיחוֹן֙…אֶת־אֱוִ֤י וְאֶת־רֶ֨קֶם֙ וְאֶת־צ֤וּר וְאֶת־חוּר֙ וְאֶת־רֶ֔בַע 1 Sihon … Evi … Rekem … Zur … Hur … Reba These are the names of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 21 x56e אֹת֣וֹ׀ וְאֶת־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י מִדְיָ֗ן 1 together with the leaders of Midian “as he had defeated the leaders of Midian”
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JOS 13 23 gc1r וּגְב֑וּל זֹ֣את 1 this is their boundary The Jordan River was the western border of the land that the tribe of Reuben received.
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JOS 13 23 x56m figs-metaphor וּגְב֑וּל זֹ֣את נַחֲלַ֤ת בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵן֙ 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Reuben The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Reuben is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribe of Reuben received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 23 ud8m figs-activepassive לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֔ם 1 given to each of their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Moses gave to each of their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 13 25 fmp2 translate-names יַעְזֵר֙…עֲרוֹעֵ֕ר…רַבָּֽה 1 Jazer … Aroer … Rabbah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 26 mr54 translate-names וּמֵחֶשְׁבּ֛וֹן…רָמַ֥ת הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה וּבְטֹנִ֑ים וּמִֽמַּחֲנַ֖יִם…לִדְבִֽר 1 Heshbon … Ramath Mizpah … Betonim … Mahanaim … Debir These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 27 ie4m translate-names בֵּ֣ית הָרָם֩ וּבֵ֨ית נִמְרָ֜ה וְסֻכּ֣וֹת וְצָפ֗וֹן…חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן 1 Beth Haram … Beth Nimrah … Zaphon … Heshbon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 28 hla2 figs-metaphor זֹ֛את נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵי־גָ֖ד 1 This is the inheritance of the tribe of Gad The land that Moses assigned to the tribe of Gad is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribe of Gad received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 29 we69 figs-metaphor וַיִּתֵּ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה לַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 1 Moses gave an inheritance to the half tribe of Manasseh The land that Moses assigned to the half tribe of Manasseh is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that he gave to them as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 29 gs84 לַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 1 half tribe of Manasseh Only half of the tribe received this land because the other half received land on the other side of the Jordan River.
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JOS 13 29 p8yw figs-activepassive וַיְהִ֗י לַחֲצִ֛י 1 It was assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses assigned it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 13 30 s32g translate-names מִמַּחֲנַ֨יִם…יָאִ֛יר 1 Mahanaim … Jair These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 31 b2aa translate-names וְעַשְׁתָּר֣וֹת וְאֶדְרֶ֔עִי 1 Ashtaroth … Edrei These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 31 zde9 figs-activepassive לִבְנֵ֤י 1 These were assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses assigned these” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 13 31 g5si translate-names מָכִ֖יר 1 Machir This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 13 32 hh57 figs-metaphor אֵ֕לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נִחַ֥ל מֹשֶׁ֖ה 1 This is the inheritance that Moses assigned to them The land that Moses assigned to the tribes of Israel on the east side of the Jordan is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Moses gave to them as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This is the land that Moses assigned to them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 13 33 ce57 figs-metaphor יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ ה֣וּא נַחֲלָתָ֔ם 1 Yahweh, the God of Israel, is their inheritance The writer speaks of the great honor that the Levites had by serving Yahweh as priests as if Yahweh were something that they would inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God of Israel, is what they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 intro dsn7 0 # Joshua 14 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Drive them out<br>The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
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JOS 14 1 u4tc figs-metaphor וְאֵ֛לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נָחֲל֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 the areas of land that the people of Israel received as their inheritance The land that the people of Israel acquired is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 1 ql64 אֲב֥וֹת הַמַּטּ֖וֹת 1 tribal leaders “leaders of the tribes”
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JOS 14 2 f1ux figs-activepassive בְּגוֹרַ֖ל נַחֲלָתָ֑ם 1 Their inheritance was selected by lot This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Eleazar, Joshua, and the tribal leaders cast lots to determine the inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 14 2 ti9l figs-synecdoche בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה 1 by the hand of Moses Here the word “hand” refers to Moses himself and means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “through Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 14 3 ptq4 figs-metaphor כִּֽי־נָתַ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה נַחֲלַ֨ת שְׁנֵ֤י הַמַּטּוֹת֙ וַחֲצִ֣י הַמַּטֶּ֔ה מֵעֵ֖בֶר לַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְלַ֨לְוִיִּ֔ם לֹֽא־נָתַ֥ן נַחֲלָ֖ה בְּתוֹכָֽם 1 Moses had given the inheritance of the two and one-half tribes beyond the Jordan, but to the Levites he gave no inheritance The land that Moses gave to the tribes is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 4 tye1 figs-activepassive וְלֹֽא־נָתְנוּ֩ חֵ֨לֶק לַלְוִיִּ֜ם בָּאָ֗רֶץ 1 The Levites were given no portion of the inheritance in the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And Moses did not give a portion of the inheritance to the Levites in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 14 4 c5l6 חֵ֨לֶק 1 portion “part”
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JOS 14 4 tj8s figs-ellipsis כִּ֤י אִם־עָרִים֙ לָשֶׁ֔בֶת 1 but only certain cities to live in The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “but he gave to them only certain cities to live in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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JOS 14 4 m4nv וּמִ֨גְרְשֵׁיהֶ֔ם 1 pasturelands fields of grass for the livestock to eat
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JOS 14 4 j8ys וּלְקִנְיָנָֽם 1 material resources physical things they needed so they could provide for their families
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JOS 14 6 b9tc translate-names יְפֻנֶּ֖ה 1 Jephunneh This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 14 6 g6g8 translate-names הַקְּנִזִּ֑י 1 Kenizzite This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 14 7 wqe2 figs-idiom וָאָשֵׁ֤ב אֹתוֹ֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר עִם־לְבָבִֽי 1 I brought him a report again as it was in my heart to make Here the word “heart” represents the thoughts. The phrase is an idiom that refers to a report that is given honestly. Alternate translation: “I brought back to him an honest report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 14 8 q6zs figs-metaphor הִמְסִ֖יו אֶת־לֵ֣ב הָעָ֑ם 1 made the heart of the people melt with fear Making the people very afraid is spoken of as if it were making the hearts of the people melt. Alternate translation: “made the people very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 8 d53a figs-metaphor וְאָנֹכִ֣י מִלֵּ֔אתִי אַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה 1 I completely followed Yahweh Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I remained loyal to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 9 ew2r figs-metaphor הָאָ֨רֶץ֙…בָּ֔הּ לְךָ֨ תִֽהְיֶ֧ה לְנַחֲלָ֛ה וּלְבָנֶ֖יךָ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם 1 the land … will be an inheritance for you and for your children forever The land that Caleb and his descendants would have is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they would receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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||||
JOS 14 9 shc9 figs-synecdoche הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דָּרְכָ֤ה רַגְלְךָ֙ 1 the land on which your foot has walked Here “your foot” represents Caleb. Alternate translation: “the land on which you have walked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 14 10 m9sn הִנֵּה֩ 1 look “pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
|
||||
JOS 14 10 c4ma אֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֥ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר 1 while Israel walked in the wilderness “while the people of Israel traveled in the wilderness”
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||||
JOS 14 11 q443 כְּכֹ֥חִי אָ֖ז וּכְכֹ֣חִי עָ֑תָּה 1 My strength is now as my strength was then “I am still as strong now as I was then”
|
||||
JOS 14 11 y4nf figs-idiom וְלָצֵ֥את וְלָבֽוֹא 1 for going and coming This is an idiom that refers to daily activities. Alternate translation: “for the things I do every day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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JOS 14 12 r8ka אֶת־הָהָ֣ר 1 hill country Possible meanings are 1) many large hills or small mountains or 2) one mountain.
|
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JOS 14 12 ner3 translate-names עֲנָקִ֣ים 1 Anakim This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 14 13 q6ae figs-metaphor וַיִּתֵּ֧ן אֶת־חֶבְר֛וֹן לְכָלֵ֥ב 1 gave Hebron as an inheritance to Caleb Hebron is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Caleb received as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 14 gji6 עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה 1 to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
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JOS 14 14 zii3 figs-metaphor מִלֵּ֔א אַחֲרֵ֕י יְהוָ֖ה 1 he completely followed Yahweh Being loyal to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were completely following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he remained loyal to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 14 15 hyh6 translate-names קִרְיַ֣ת אַרְבַּ֔ע 1 Kiriath Arba This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 14 15 wv1z figs-personification וְהָאָ֥רֶץ שָׁקְטָ֖ה מִמִּלְחָמָֽה 1 Then the land had rest from war The people no longer fighting wars is spoken of as if the land were a person who rested from war. See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 11:23](../11/23.md). Alternate translation: “Then the people no longer fought wars in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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JOS 15 intro ght5 0 # Joshua 15 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Judah. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
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JOS 15 1 ex51 translate-names צִ֛ן 1 Zin This is the name of the wilderness area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 2 k5za מִקְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַמֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה 1 from the end of the Salt Sea, from the bay that faces to the south “from the bay that faces south at the end of the Salt Sea.” These two phrases refer to the same location. The second phrase clarifies the point at which the southern border begins.
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JOS 15 2 j6xn מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה 1 from the bay that faces to the south “from the bay that extends to the south” or “from the southern bay”
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JOS 15 2 qj2g הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן 1 bay smaller part of the sea that extends into the land
|
||||
JOS 15 3 kb99 translate-names עַקְרַבִּים֙…צִ֔נָה…חֶצְרוֹן֙…אַדָּ֔רָה…הַקַּרְקָֽעָה 1 Akrabbim … Zin … Hezron … Addar … Karka These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 4 nzh3 translate-names עַצְמ֗וֹנָה 1 Azmon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 4 d1b1 translate-names נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם 1 brook of Egypt a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land, near Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 15 5 xrg4 figs-metaphor מִקְצֵ֖ה הַיַּרְדֵּֽן 1 at the mouth of the Jordan The point at which the river empties into the sea is spoken of as if it were the mouth of the river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 15 5 bl5c וּגְב֞וּל 1 border … ran “border … was”
|
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JOS 15 6 lbt5 translate-names בֵּ֣ית חָגְלָ֔ה…לְבֵ֣ית הָעֲרָבָ֑ה 1 Beth Hoglah … Beth Arabah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 15 6 eqi7 translate-names אֶ֥בֶן בֹּ֖הַן 1 the Stone of Bohan This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 7 n7k5 translate-names דְּבִרָה֮ מֵעֵ֣מֶק עָכוֹר֒…הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל…לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה אֲדֻמִּ֔ים…מֵי־עֵ֣ין שֶׁ֔מֶ…עֵ֥ין רֹגֵֽל 1 Debir … the Valley of Achor … the hill of Adummim … En Shemesh … En Rogel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 8 qa4u translate-names גֵּ֣י בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם…עֵֽמֶק־רְפָאִ֖ים 1 the Valley of Ben Hinnom … the Valley of Rephaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 9 hb3j translate-names נֶפְתּ֔וֹחַ…הַר־עֶפְר֑וֹן…קִרְיַ֥ת יְעָרִֽים 1 Nephtoah … Mount Ephron … Baalah … Kiriath Jearim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 10 h92v translate-names מִבַּעֲלָ֥ה…הַ֣ר שֵׂעִ֔יר…הַר־יְעָרִ֛ים…כְסָל֑וֹן…בֵּֽית־שֶׁ֖מֶשׁ…תִּמְנָֽה 1 Baalah … Mount Seir … Mount Jearim … Kesalon … Beth Shemesh … Timnah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 11 n6qt translate-names שִׁכְּר֔וֹנָה…הַר־הַֽבַּעֲלָ֖ה…יַבְנְאֵ֑ל 1 Shikkeron … Mount Baalah … Jabneel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 13 gx9f translate-names אֶת־קִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע 1 Kiriath Arba These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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||||
JOS 15 13 v154 translate-names אַרְבַּ֛ע…הָעֲנָ֖ק 1 Arba … Anak These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 14 jp1i figs-explicit אֶת־שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י הָעֲנָ֑ק אֶת־שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אֲחִימַן֙ וְאֶת־תַּלְמַ֔י יְלִידֵ֖י הָעֲנָֽק 1 the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai, descendants of Anak These names represent clans of people who were descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai. The words “sons” and “descendants” in this context mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “the three clans, Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, who were descendants of Anak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 15 14 q23k translate-names הָעֲנָ֑ק אֶת־שֵׁשַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אֲחִימַן֙ וְאֶת־תַּלְמַ֔י 1 Anak … Sheshai … Ahiman … Talmai These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 15 n52j וַיַּ֣עַל מִשָּׁ֔ם אֶל 1 He went up from there against “He went up from there to fight against”
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JOS 15 15 k99v translate-names דְּבִ֥ר…קִרְיַת־סֵֽפֶר 1 Debir … Kiriath Sepher These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 16 hs9c translate-names אֶת־קִרְיַת־סֵ֖פֶר 1 Kiriath Sepher This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 16 z82q translate-names אֶת־עַכְסָ֥ה 1 Aksah This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 17 kvc1 translate-names עָתְנִיאֵ֥ל…קְנַ֖ז 1 Othniel … Kenaz These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 18 d6qf figs-idiom בְּבוֹאָ֗הּ 1 Aksah came to Othniel This is an idiom that refers to Aksah becoming Othniel’s wife. Alternate translation: “when Aksah became Othniel’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 15 18 ia6d figs-quotations וַתְּסִיתֵ֨הוּ֙ לִשְׁא֤וֹל מֵֽאֵת־אָבִ֨יהָ֙ שָׂדֶ֔ה 1 she urged him to ask her father for a field. This can be translated as direct speech. Alternate translation: “she urged him, ‘Ask my father to give me a field.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
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JOS 15 19 nun3 אֵ֚ת גֻּלֹּ֣ת עִלִּיּ֔וֹת וְאֵ֖ת גֻּלֹּ֥ת תַּחְתִּיּֽוֹת 1 the upper springs and lower springs The words “upper” and “lower” likely refer to the geographical altitude of the water springs.
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JOS 15 20 q76c figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־יְהוּדָ֖ה 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Judah The land that the tribe of Judah received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 15 21 lgx2 translate-names 0 General Information: The writer lists the southern cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through [Joshua 15:32](../15/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 33 tn8z translate-names 0 General Information: The writer lists the northern cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through [Joshua 15:47](../15/47.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 46 dfe2 וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן 1 settlements villages
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JOS 15 47 hsx1 translate-names נַ֣חַל מִצְרָ֑יִם 1 brook of Egypt a small river of water at the southwestern edge of the land near Egypt (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 48 m88k translate-names 1 General Information: The writer lists cities of which Judah took possession. The list continues through [Joshua 15:63](../15/63.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 15 63 j68z עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
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JOS 16 intro bpv3 0 # Joshua 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Drive them out<br>The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their location without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the location of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
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JOS 16 1 b1k9 figs-explicit לִבְנֵ֤י יוֹסֵף֙ 1 the tribe of Joseph The “tribe of Joseph” consisted of the tribes of Joseph’s two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. Since half of the tribe of Manasseh had settled east of the Jordan, this phrase refers to the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Ephraim and the other half of the tribe of Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JOS 16 2 g9td translate-names ל֑וּזָה…עֲטָרֽוֹת 1 Luz … Ataroth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 2 zs9f translate-names הָאַרְכִּ֖י 1 Arkites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 3 w8gi translate-names הַיַּפְלֵטִ֗י 1 Japhletites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 3 id59 translate-names בֵּית־חוֹרֹ֛ן תַּחְתּ֖וֹן…גָּ֑זֶר 1 Lower Beth Horon … Gezer These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 4 u6fy בְנֵי־יוֹסֵ֖ף מְנַשֶּׁ֥ה וְאֶפְרָֽיִם 1 the tribes of Joseph, Manasseh and Ephraim “the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim, the sons of Joseph”
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JOS 16 4 r4qw figs-metaphor וַיִּנְחֲל֥וּ 1 received their inheritance The land that the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “received this land as their inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 16 5 f2i9 figs-activepassive גְּב֥וּל בְּנֵֽי־אֶפְרַ֖יִם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם 1 The territory of the tribe of Ephraim, clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The territory … that Joshua assigned to their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 16 5 m6lu translate-names עַטְר֣וֹת אַדָּ֔ר…בֵּ֥ית חוֹרֹ֖ן עֶלְיֽוֹן 1 Ataroth Addar … Upper Beth Horon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 6 vg46 translate-names הַֽמִּכְמְתָת֙…תַּאֲנַ֣ת שִׁלֹ֑ה…יָנֽוֹחָה 1 Mikmethath … Taanath Shiloh … Janoah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 7 uyw7 translate-names מִיָּנ֖וֹחָה עֲטָר֣וֹת וְנַעֲרָ֑תָה 1 Janoah … Naarah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 8 at1t translate-names מִתַּפּ֜וּחַ…קָנָ֔ה 1 Tappuah … Kanah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 16 8 mb6i figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־אֶפְרַ֖יִם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Ephraim The land that Ephraim possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Ephraim received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 16 8 ke41 figs-activepassive לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם 1 clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Joshua assigned to their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 16 9 y6xs figs-activepassive וְהֶעָרִ֗ים הַמִּבְדָּלוֹת֙ 1 the cities that were chosen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cities that Joshua had chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 16 9 f1yc figs-metaphor בְּת֖וֹךְ נַחֲלַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 1 within the inheritance of the tribe of Manasseh The land that the tribe of Manasseh possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “within the land that the tribe of Manasseh had received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 16 10 au8e עַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה 1 to this day This refers to the period of time in which the author wrote this book.
|
||||
JOS 16 10 fth4 figs-activepassive וַיְהִ֖י לְמַס־עֹבֵֽד 1 these people were made to do forced labor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelites forced these people to work as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 17 intro m3nk 0 # Joshua 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Manasseh’s lack of faith<br>Even though they were one of the largest and most powerful tribes of Israel, the tribe of Manasseh lacked faith in the power of Yahweh. This caused them many problems. It would also cause their descendants many problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Manasseh, one of Joseph’s sons. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
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JOS 17 1 j2sj translate-names לְמָכִיר֩ 1 Makir These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 17 1 zuz5 figs-activepassive וַֽיְהִי־ל֖וֹ הַגִּלְעָ֥ד וְהַבָּשָֽׁן 1 Makir’s descendants were assigned the land of Gilead and Bashan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned the land of Gilead and Bashan to Makir’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 17 2 al47 translate-names אֲבִיעֶ֜זֶר…חֵ֗לֶק…אַשְׂרִיאֵל֙…שֶׁ֔כֶם…חֵ֖פֶר…שְׁמִידָ֑ע 1 Abiezer, Helek, Asriel, Shechem, Hepher, and Shemida These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 17 2 us2l figs-activepassive וַ֠יְהִי 1 Land was assigned … given to their clans This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned land … and gave them to their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 17 3 u2e9 translate-names וְלִצְלָפְחָד֩…חֵ֨פֶ 1 Zelophehad … Hepher These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 17 3 k5z5 translate-names מַחְלָ֣ה וְנֹעָ֔ה חָגְלָ֥ה מִלְכָּ֖ה וְתִרְצָֽה 1 Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah These are women’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 17 4 x2q2 translate-names אֶלְעָזָ֨ר 1 Eleazar This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 4 q55m figs-metaphor לָֽתֶת־לָ֥נוּ נַחֲלָ֖ה 1 to give to us an inheritance The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the people received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “to give to us some land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 17 4 s6fd וַיִּתֵּ֨ן לָהֶ֜ם…נַֽחֲלָ֔ה 1 he gave those women an inheritance Possible meanings are 1) “Joshua gave those women an inheritance” or 2) “Eleazar gave those women an inheritance.”
|
||||
JOS 17 5 d1c3 figs-activepassive וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חַבְלֵֽי־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה עֲשָׂרָ֑ה 1 Ten parcels of land were assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned ten parcels of land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 17 5 z7zr חַבְלֵֽי…עֲשָׂרָ֑ה 1 Ten parcels “Ten portions”
|
||||
JOS 17 6 d9gb figs-metaphor נָחֲל֥וּ נַחֲלָ֖ה 1 received an inheritance The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “received land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 17 6 qbx1 figs-activepassive הַגִּלְעָ֔ד הָיְתָ֥ה לִבְנֵֽי 1 The land of Gilead was assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua assigned the land of Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 17 7 jln6 אֶל־הַיָּמִ֔ין 1 southward toward the south
|
||||
JOS 17 7 dfe9 translate-names הַֽמִּכְמְתָ֔ת…תַּפּֽוּחַ 1 Mikmethath … Tappuah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 9 k7gp הַגְּבוּל֩ 1 The border “The border of Manasseh’s land”
|
||||
JOS 17 9 l2af נַ֨חַל 1 brook a very small river
|
||||
JOS 17 9 qvi8 translate-names קָנָ֜ה 1 Kanah name of a brook (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 10 mi9b figs-activepassive וּבְאָשֵׁר֙ יִפְגְּע֣וּן מִצָּפ֔וֹן 1 On the north side Asher can be reached Possible meanings are 1) that the border of Manasseh’s land on the north side touched the land that belonged to the tribe of Asher or 2) that one can travel north to reach Asher. Alternate translation: “Asher was on the north side” or “One can travel north to reach Asher” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 17 10 fj36 figs-ellipsis וּבְיִשָּׂשכָ֖ר מִמִּזְרָֽח 1 to the east, Issachar The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “to the east, one can reach Issachar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JOS 17 11 s1sn translate-names בֵּית־שְׁאָ֣ן…וְיִבְלְעָ֨ם…דֹ֣אר…עֵֽין־דֹּר֙…תַעְנַךְ֙…מְגִדּ֖וֹ…הַנָּֽפֶת 1 Beth Shan … Ibleam … Dor … Endor … Taanach … Megiddo … Napheth These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 14 b4j6 figs-explicit בְּנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף 1 the descendants of Joseph This refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 17 14 sk37 figs-rquestion מַדּוּעַ֩ נָתַ֨תָּה לִּ֜י נַחֲלָ֗ה גּוֹרָ֤ל אֶחָד֙ וְחֶ֣בֶל אֶחָ֔ד וַֽאֲנִ֣י עַם־רָ֔ב עַ֥ד אֲשֶׁר־עַד־כֹּ֖ה בֵּֽרְכַ֥נִי יְהוָֽה 1 Why have you given us only one … Yahweh has blessed us? The people of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh ask this question to emphasize that Joshua should have assigned to them more land. Alternate translation: “You should have given us more than one … Yahweh has blessed us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOS 17 14 ju22 figs-doublet גּוֹרָ֤ל אֶחָד֙ וְחֶ֣בֶל אֶחָ֔ד 1 one assignment of land and one portion for an inheritance These two phrases mean basically the same thing. In the second, the land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the people received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “one assignment of land as our inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 17 14 dg92 וְחֶ֣בֶל 1 portion part
|
||||
JOS 17 14 p7z5 עַם־רָ֔ב עַ֥ד 1 people great in number “many people”
|
||||
JOS 17 15 d24l אִם־עַם־רַ֤ב אַתָּה֙ 1 If you are a people great in number “Since you are a people great in number”
|
||||
JOS 17 15 psc4 translate-names וְהָֽרְפָאִ֑ים 1 Rephaim This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 16 g788 translate-names בְּבֵית־שְׁאָן֙…יִזְרְעֶֽאל 1 Beth Shan … Jezreel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 17 17 wa3y figs-metonymy בֵּ֣ית יוֹסֵ֔ף 1 the house of Joseph Here the word “house” refers to the descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 17 18 w4m4 וּבֵ֣רֵאת֔וֹ 1 you will clear it “you will clear the forest of trees” or “you will cut down its trees”
|
||||
JOS 18 intro j38i 0 # Joshua 18 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
|
||||
JOS 18 1 fkg2 figs-events וְהָאָ֥רֶץ נִכְבְּשָׁ֖ה לִפְנֵיהֶֽם 1 and they conquered the land They had conquered the people who lived in the land before they set up the tent of meeting. Alternate translation: “after they had conquered the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
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JOS 18 2 ynk6 figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־חָלְק֖וּ אֶת־נַֽחֲלָתָ֑ם 1 whose inheritance had not been assigned The land that the tribes would receive is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they would receive as a permanent possession. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to whom Joshua had not assigned land as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 18 3 bia9 figs-rquestion עַד־אָ֨נָה֙ אַתֶּ֣ם מִתְרַפִּ֔ים לָבוֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶֽם 1 How long will you put off … has given you? Joshua asks this question in order to encourage the Israelites to take possession of the land. Alternate translation: “For long enough, you have put off … has given you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOS 18 4 p7hg figs-idiom וְיִֽתְהַלְּכ֥וּ בָאָ֛רֶץ 1 the land up and down The words “up and down” mean in every direction. Alternate translation: “the land in every direction” or “throughout the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 18 4 zry7 וְיִכְתְּב֥וּ אוֹתָ֛הּ לְפִ֥י נַֽחֲלָתָ֖ם 1 write out a description of it with a view to their inheritances This means that they will describe the portions of land that each tribe would like to receive for an inheritance.
|
||||
JOS 18 4 lh9w figs-metaphor נַֽחֲלָתָ֖ם 1 their inheritances The land that they are to survey is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that each of the tribes would receive as a permanent possession. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 5 e13l 0 General Information: Joshua is continuing his speech to the children of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 18 5 dmy4 וְהִֽתְחַלְּק֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ 1 They will divide it “They will divide the land”
|
||||
JOS 18 5 y5gn יְהוּדָ֞ה יַעֲמֹ֤ד 1 Judah will remain “The tribe of Judah will remain”
|
||||
JOS 18 5 d41l figs-metonymy וּבֵ֥ית יוֹסֵ֛ף 1 the house of Joseph Here the word “house” represents the descendants of Joseph. The phrase refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. Alternate translation: “the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 18 7 v3qr 0 General Information: Joshua is continuing his speech to the children of Israel.
|
||||
JOS 18 7 e6s8 אֵֽין־חֵ֤לֶק 1 no portion “no portion of land”
|
||||
JOS 18 7 kus7 figs-metaphor כִּֽי־כְהֻנַּ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה נַחֲלָת֑וֹ 1 for the priesthood of Yahweh is their inheritance Joshua speaks of the great honor that the Levites have by serving Yahweh as priests as if it were something that they inherited. Alternate translation: “for the priesthood of Yahweh is what they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 7 eqg6 וַחֲצִי֩ שֵׁ֨בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֜ה 1 the half tribe of Manasseh “half of the tribe of Manasseh”
|
||||
JOS 18 7 cyc8 figs-metaphor לָקְח֣וּ נַחֲלָתָ֗ם 1 have received their inheritance The land that the tribes received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “have received land as their inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 8 t1cr 0 General Information: Joshua speaks to the twenty-one men who were to go look at the land.
|
||||
JOS 18 8 p238 figs-idiom וְהִתְהַלְּכ֨וּ בָאָ֜רֶץ 1 up and down in the land The words “up and down” mean in every direction. See how you translated this in [Joshua 18:4](../18/04.md). Alternate translation: “in every direction in the land” or “throughout the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 18 10 pz3n figs-activepassive כְּמַחְלְקֹתָֽם 1 to each was given his portion of the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to each tribe Joshua gave their portion in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 18 11 hd7v בֵּ֚ין בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּבֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֥י יוֹסֵֽף 1 between the descendants of Judah and the descendants of Joseph “between the land that belonged to the descendants of Judah and the land that belonged to the descendants of Joseph”
|
||||
JOS 18 11 ib4f figs-explicit בְּנֵ֥י יוֹסֵֽף 1 the descendants of Joseph This refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JOS 18 12 ij99 translate-names בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן 1 Beth Aven This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 13 hx15 translate-names ל֨וּזָה֙…בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל…עַטְר֣וֹת אַדָּ֔ר…לְבֵית־חֹר֖וֹן 1 Luz … Ataroth Addar … Beth Horon These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 14 h4e6 הַגְּבוּל֩ 1 The boundary This refers to the same thing as “the border” in verse 13.
|
||||
JOS 18 14 eq7x translate-names קִרְיַת־בַּ֨עַל֙…קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֔ים 1 Kiriath Baal … Kiriath Jearim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 15 ulq2 translate-names קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֑ים…נֶפְתּֽוֹחַ 1 Kiriath Jearim … Ephron … Nephtoah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 16 br6t translate-names בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם…רְפָאִ֖ים…הִנֹּ֜ם…עֵ֥ין רֹגֵֽל 1 Ben Hinnom … Rephaim … Hinnom … En Rogel These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 17 d8dt translate-names עֵ֣ין שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ…גְּלִיל֔וֹת…אֲדֻמִּ֑ים 1 En Shemesh … Geliloth … Adummim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 17 z2mh translate-names אֶ֥בֶן בֹּ֖הַן 1 the Stone of Bohan This was likely a large stone that someone set up as a landmark and named after the man, Bohan. See how you translated this in [Joshua 15:6](../15/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 18 g6td figs-metaphor כֶּ֥תֶף מוּל־הָֽעֲרָבָ֖ה 1 the shoulder of Beth Arabah Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a shoulder. Alternate translation: “the slope of Beth Arabah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 18 b98y translate-names מוּל־הָֽעֲרָבָ֖ה 1 Beth Arabah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 19 k48g figs-metaphor כֶּ֣תֶף בֵּית־חָגְלָה֮ צָפוֹנָה֒ 1 the north shoulder of Beth Hoglah Land that is in the form of a slope or ridge is spoken of as if it were a shoulder. Alternate translation: “the north slope of Beth Hoglah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 19 xy3i translate-names בֵּית־חָגְלָה֮ 1 Beth Hoglah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 20 ywb2 figs-metaphor זֹ֡את נַחֲלַת֩ בְּנֵ֨י בִנְיָמִ֧ן 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Benjamin The land that the tribe of Benjamin received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 18 20 pe6e figs-activepassive לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם 1 it was given clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joshua gave it to each of their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 18 21 i6af translate-names 0 General Information: The writer lists the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 24 jsu9 וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן 1 their villages “the villages around them”
|
||||
JOS 18 25 nk7k translate-names 0 General Information: The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 18 28 t3aa figs-metaphor זֹ֛את נַֽחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֖ן 1 This was the inheritance of Benjamin The land and cities that the tribe of Benjamin received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Benjamin received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 19 intro j62l 0 # Joshua 19 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribes of Israel. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
|
||||
JOS 19 1 s149 וַיֵּצֵ֞א הַגּוֹרָ֤ל הַשֵּׁנִי֙ לְשִׁמְע֔וֹן 1 The second casting of lots fell to Simeon “The second time Joshua cast lots, the lot indicated the tribe of Simeon”
|
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JOS 19 1 gl7x translate-ordinal הַשֵּׁנִי֙ 1 The second number two in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
JOS 19 1 z9r9 לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֑ם 1 clan by clan “and Joshua assigned the land to each of their clans”
|
||||
JOS 19 1 u57y figs-metaphor וַֽיְהִי֙ נַֽחֲלָתָ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָֽה 1 Their inheritance was in the middle of the inheritance that belonged to the tribe of Judah The land is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that the tribes received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “The land that they received as an inheritance was in the middle of the land that the tribe of Judah received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 19 2 kg51 translate-names 0 General Information: The writer lists cities that were in the land that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 19 2 eu6h figs-metaphor וַיְהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם בְּנַֽחֲלָתָ֑ם 1 They had for their inheritance The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “They had the following cities for their inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 19 5 la4r translate-names 0 General Information: The writer continues to list the cities that were in the land that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 19 5 f4vb וְצִֽקְלַ֥ג 1 Ziklag See how you translated the name of this city in [Joshua 15:31](../15/31.md).
|
||||
JOS 19 8 uc1c figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְע֖וֹן 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Simeon The land and cities that the tribe of Simeon received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Simeon received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 19 8 q586 figs-activepassive לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם 1 clan by clan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Joshua gave to their clans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 19 9 lep5 figs-activepassive מֵחֶ֨בֶל֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה 1 the portion of land assigned to the tribe of Judah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the portion of land which Joshua assigned to the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JOS 19 9 p2ji בְּת֥וֹךְ נַחֲלָתָֽם 1 the middle of their portion “the middle of Judah’s portion of land”
|
||||
JOS 19 10 f5gu וַיַּ֨עַל֙ הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י 1 The third casting of lots See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
|
||||
JOS 19 10 s2j1 translate-ordinal הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י 1 The third number three in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
JOS 19 10 vde5 translate-names שָׂרִֽיד 1 Sarid This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 19 11 v9gp translate-names וּמַרְעֲלָ֖ה…בְּדַבָּ֑שֶׁת…יָקְנְעָֽם 1 Maralah … Dabbesheth … Jokneam These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 19 11 gx7v עַל־פְּנֵ֥י יָקְנְעָֽם 1 opposite Jokneam “across from Jokneam”
|
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JOS 19 12 n9dc translate-names מִשָּׂרִ֗יד…כִּסְלֹ֖ת תָּבֹ֑ר…הַדָּֽבְרַ֖ת…יָפִֽיעַ 1 Sarid … Kisloth Tabor … Daberath … Japhia These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 13 dqd5 translate-names גִּתָּ֥ה חֵ֖פֶר עִתָּ֣ה קָצִ֑ין…רִמּ֥וֹן…הַנֵּעָֽה 1 Gath Hepher … Eth Kazin … Rimmon … Neah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 14 ja4s translate-names חַנָּתֹ֑ן…יִפְתַּח־אֵֽל 1 Hannathon … Iphtah El These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 15 xk4u translate-names וְקַטָּ֤ת וְנַֽהֲלָל֙ וְשִׁמְר֔וֹן וְיִדְאֲלָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית לָ֑חֶם 1 Kattath … Nahalal … Shimron … Idalah … Bethlehem These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 15 yn5n translate-names וּבֵ֣ית לָ֑חֶם 1 Bethlehem This is not the same “Bethlehem” that is south of Jerusalem in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 16 a4ee figs-metaphor זֹ֛את נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־זְבוּלֻ֖ן 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Zebulun The land and cities that the tribe of Zebulun received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Zebulun received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 17 fum5 יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הָֽרְבִיעִ֑י 1 The fourth casting of lots See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 19 17 l33x translate-ordinal הָֽרְבִיעִ֑י 1 The fourth number four in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JOS 19 18 qmg4 translate-names וְהַכְּסוּלֹ֖ת וְשׁוּנֵֽם 1 Chesulloth … Shunem These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 19 c3ti translate-names וַחֲפָרַ֥יִם וְשִׁיאֹ֖ן וַאֲנָחֲרַֽת 1 Hapharaim … Shion … Anaharath These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 20 mft4 translate-names וְהָֽרַבִּ֥ית וְקִשְׁי֖וֹן וָאָֽבֶץ 1 Rabbith … Kishion … Ebez These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 21 b1ex translate-names וְרֶ֧מֶת וְעֵין־גַּנִּ֛ים וְעֵ֥ין חַדָּ֖ה וּבֵ֥ית פַּצֵּֽץ 1 Remeth … En Gannim … En Haddah … Beth Pazzez These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 22 hs7i translate-names בְּתָב֤וֹר 1 Tabor This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 22 ht1e translate-names ושחצומה 1 Shahazumah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 23 yll2 figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Issachar The land and cities that the tribe of Issachar received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Issachar received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 24 lhr4 וַיֵּצֵא֙ הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַֽחֲמִישִׁ֔י 1 The fifth casting of lots See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 19 24 xa5a translate-ordinal הַֽחֲמִישִׁ֔י 1 The fifth number five in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JOS 19 25 prg9 translate-names חֶלְקַ֥ת וַחֲלִ֖י וָבֶ֥טֶן וְאַכְשָֽׁף 1 Helkath, Hali, Beten, Akshaph These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 26 v6t4 translate-names וְאַֽלַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וְעַמְעָ֖ד וּמִשְׁאָ֑ל…וּבְשִׁיח֖וֹר לִבְנָֽת 1 Allammelek, Amad, and Mishall … Shihor Libnath These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 27 pbh2 translate-names בֵּ֣ית דָּגֹן֒…וּבְגֵ֨י יִפְתַּח־אֵ֥ל…בֵּ֥ית הָעֵ֖מֶק וּנְעִיאֵ֑ל…כָּב֖וּל 1 Beth Dagon … Valley of Iphtah El … Beth Emek … Neiel … Kabul These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 28 ht1l translate-names וְעֶבְרֹ֥ן וּרְחֹ֖ב וְחַמּ֣וֹן וְקָנָ֑ה 1 Abdon … Rehob … Hammon … Kanah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 29 q8wz translate-names חֹסָ֔ה…אַכְזִֽיבָה 1 Hosah … Akzib These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 30 y1g5 translate-names וְעֻמָ֥ה וַאֲפֵ֖ק וּרְחֹ֑ב 1 Ummah … Aphek … Rehob These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 31 x4aq figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־אָשֵׁ֖ר 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Asher The land and cities that the tribe of Asher received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Asher received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 32 jy7g יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַשִּׁשִּׁ֑י 1 The sixth casting of lots See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 19 32 jjm6 translate-ordinal הַשִּׁשִּׁ֑י 1 The sixth number six in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JOS 19 33 syr4 translate-names מֵחֵ֨לֶף…בְּצַעֲנַנִּ֗ים וַאֲדָמִ֥י הַנֶּ֛קֶב וְיַבְנְאֵ֖ל…לַקּ֑וּם 1 Heleph … Zaanannim … Adami Nekeb … Jabneel … Lakkum These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 34 lu5s translate-names אַזְנ֣וֹת תָּב֔וֹר…חוּקֹ֑קָה 1 Aznoth Tabor … Hukkok These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 35 h8p6 translate-names הַצִּדִּ֣ים צֵ֔ר וְחַמַּ֖ת רַקַּ֥ת וְכִנָּֽרֶת 1 Ziddim … Zer … Hammath … Rakkath … Kinnereth These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 35 lq51 וְחַמַּ֖ת 1 Hammath This is not the same location as “Hamath,” but is located on the west shore of the Sea of Galilee.
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JOS 19 36 e379 translate-names וַאֲדָמָ֥ה וְהָרָמָ֖ה וְחָצֽוֹר 1 Adamah … Ramah … Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 37 vez5 translate-names וְקֶ֥דֶשׁ וְאֶדְרֶ֖עִי וְעֵ֥ין חָצֽוֹר 1 Kedesh … Edrei … En Hazor These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 38 jp9v translate-names וְיִרְאוֹן֙ וּמִגְדַּל־אֵ֔ל חֳרֵ֥ם וּבֵית־עֲנָ֖ת וּבֵ֣ית שָׁ֑מֶשׁ 1 Yiron … Migdal El … Horem … Beth Anath These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 39 s9en figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־נַפְתָּלִ֖י 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Naphtali The land and cities that the tribe of Naphtali received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Naphtali received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 40 q3a2 יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֥ל הַשְּׁבִיעִֽי 1 The seventh casting of lots See how you translated this phrase in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 19 40 b1tt translate-ordinal הַשְּׁבִיעִֽי 1 The seventh number seven in a list (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JOS 19 41 d7it figs-metaphor גְּב֣וּל נַחֲלָתָ֑ם 1 The territory of its inheritance The land that the tribe of Dan received is spoken of as if it was an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “The territory of land that the tribe of Dan received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 41 b8bg translate-names צָרְעָ֥ה וְאֶשְׁתָּא֖וֹל וְעִ֥יר שָֽׁמֶשׁ 1 Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir Shemesh These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 42 q637 translate-names וְשַֽׁעֲלַבִּ֥ין וְאַיָּל֖וֹן וְיִתְלָֽה 1 Shaalabbin, Aijalon, and Ithlah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 43 sht1 translate-names וְאֵיל֥וֹן וְתִמְנָ֖תָה וְעֶקְרֽוֹן 1 Elon, Timnah, Ekron These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 44 gca7 translate-names וְאֶלְתְּקֵ֥ה וְגִבְּת֖וֹן וּבַעֲלָֽת 1 Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 45 yan4 translate-names וִיהֻ֥ד וּבְנֵֽי־בְרַ֖ק וְגַת־רִמּֽוֹן 1 Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 46 ddh6 translate-names וּמֵ֥י הַיַּרְק֖וֹן וְהָֽרַקּ֑וֹן 1 Me Jarkon … Rakkon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 46 w42c מ֥וּל יָפֽוֹ 1 across from Joppa “opposite Joppa” or “beside Joppa”
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JOS 19 47 i8zh translate-names לֶ֜שֶׁם 1 Leshem This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 48 cx9h figs-metaphor זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵי־דָ֖ן 1 This was the inheritance of the tribe of Dan The land and cities that the tribe of Dan received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “This was the land and the cities that the tribe of Dan received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 49 jzi6 figs-metaphor וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל נַחֲלָ֛ה לִיהוֹשֻׁ֥עַ בִּן־נ֖וּן בְּתוֹכָֽם 1 gave an inheritance among themselves to Joshua son of Nun The city that Joshua received is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that he received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “gave a city within their own land as an inheritance to Joshua son of Nun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 19 50 ac8r translate-names אֶת־תִּמְנַת־סֶ֖רַח 1 Timnath Serah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 19 51 cs47 figs-metaphor אֵ֣לֶּה הַנְּחָלֹ֡ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִחֲל֣וּ 1 These are the inheritances … assigned The land and cities that the various tribes received are spoken of as if they were an inheritance that they received as a permanent possession. Alternate translation: “These are the portions of land and the cities … assigned as inheritances” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 20 intro vg5f 0 # Joshua 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Cities of Refuge<br><br>If a person was killed, it was the duty of his relatives to kill the killer. If the death was an accident, this would be unfair. Therefore, God told the Israelites to make cities of refuge for a person who killed someone accidentally. In the city where he sought refuge, his case would be solved legally: “Do this so that one who unintentionally kills a person can go there. These cities will be a place of refuge from anyone who seeks to avenge the blood of a person who was killed.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/refuge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])<br>
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JOS 20 2 qhs6 figs-metonymy בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה 1 by the hand of Moses Here “hand of Moses” refers to the scriptures that Moses wrote down. Alternate translation: “through the things that Moses wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 20 3 a1vg מַכֵּה־נֶ֥פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֖ה 1 unintentionally kills This happens when a person accidentally kills another person, without intending to do so.
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JOS 20 3 h73b figs-metonymy מִגֹּאֵ֖ל הַדָּֽם 1 avenge the blood of a person who was killed Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 20 4 u2dh וְנָ֞ס 1 He will run Here the word “he” refers to the person who unintentionally killed someone.
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JOS 20 4 p1sg וְדִבֶּ֛ר בְּאָזְנֵ֛י זִקְנֵ֥י־הָעִֽיר הַהִ֖יא אֶת־דְּבָרָ֑יו 1 explain his case to the elders of that city “convince the elders of that city that he had not intentionally killed the person.
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JOS 20 4 dhh4 וְאָסְפ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ 1 Then they will take him The word “they” refers to the elders and “him” refers to the person who unintentionally killed someone.
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JOS 20 4 k969 וְיָשַׁ֥ב עִמָּֽם 1 live among them This refers to the city as a whole, not to the elders only.
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JOS 20 5 x945 figs-metonymy גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ 1 avenge the blood of the person who was killed Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
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JOS 20 5 u27s בִבְלִי־דַ֨עַת֙ הִכָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ 1 killed his neighbor unintentionally accidentally killed his neighbor
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JOS 20 6 c6fe עָמְד֞וֹ לִפְנֵ֤י הָֽעֵדָה֙ 1 stood before the assembly This is a phrase that describes standing to seek justice from a court of the assembly of his fellow citizens.
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JOS 20 7 lyr5 translate-names 0 General Information: There are a lot of names in this section. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 20 8 cy8e לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
|
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JOS 20 9 b89x figs-idiom וְלֹ֣א יָמ֗וּת בְּיַד֙ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם 1 would not die by the hand of the one Here “by the hand” is an idiom that means to be the specific cause of something. Alternate translation: “would not be killed by the one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 20 9 j61z figs-metonymy גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם 1 avenge the blood that was shed This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
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JOS 21 intro pp5c 0 # Joshua 21 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did not receive a large piece of land like the other tribes, they did receive small pieces of land to live on and for their animals. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
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JOS 21 1 js4y translate-names אֶלְעָזָר֙…נ֑וּן 1 Eleazar … Nun These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 2 wk1t וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם 1 They said to them “The Levites said to them”
|
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JOS 21 2 wk1m figs-idiom יְהוָה֙ צִוָּ֣ה בְיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה 1 Yahweh commanded you by the hand of Moses The phrase “by the hand of” is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to command you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 21 3 f9ei אֶת־הֶעָרִ֥ים 1 following cities This refers to the cities to be listed in the next verses.
|
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JOS 21 4 r4ry וַיֵּצֵ֥א הַגּוֹרָ֖ל 1 casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 21 4 fl2y translate-names הַקְּהָתִ֑י 1 Kohathites This priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 5 iwh3 וּמֵחֲצִ֨י 1 half tribe Half the tribe because the other half received their inheritance before crossing the Jordan River.
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JOS 21 6 bk5g translate-names גֵרְשׁ֗וֹן 1 Gershon Gershon was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 6 ezu2 בַּגּוֹרָ֔ל 1 casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
|
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JOS 21 7 cg61 translate-names מְרָרִ֜י 1 Merari Merari was one of the sons of Levi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JOS 21 8 qe5y figs-metonymy צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֖ה 1 Yahweh had commanded by the hand of Moses The phrase “by the hand of” here means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had told Moses to command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 21 10 t6l2 translate-names מִמִּשְׁפְּח֥וֹת הַקְּהָתִ֖י 1 clans of the Kohathites The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. See how you translated this in [Joshua 21:2](../21/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 10 tnp1 הַגּוֹרָ֖ל 1 casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 21 11 vkd2 writing-background אַרְבַּ֨ע אֲבִ֧י הָֽעֲנ֛וֹק 1 Arba had been the father of Anak This is background information about the name of the man who founded the city of Kiriath Arba. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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JOS 21 11 mn2g translate-names הָֽעֲנ֛וֹק 1 Anak This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 11 vd7d בְּהַ֣ר 1 hill country An area of land with natural elevations, smaller than mountains.
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JOS 21 11 kwe7 מִגְרָשֶׁ֖הָ 1 pasturelands An area covered with grass or plants suitable for the grazing of livestock or cattle.
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JOS 21 12 aj9s שְׂדֵ֥ה הָעִ֖יר 1 fields of the city Areas of open land, usually, planted with crops, belonging to and surrounding the city.
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JOS 21 12 uz84 חֲצֵרֶ֑יהָ 1 villages Small communities, usually smaller than a town.
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JOS 21 13 p1nr translate-names לִבְנָ֖ה 1 Libnah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 14 q8gl translate-names יַתִּר֙…אֶשְׁתְּמֹ֖עַ 1 Jattir … Eshtemoa These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 15 cb4t translate-names חֹלֹן֙…דְּבִ֖ר 1 Holon … Debir These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 16 bx8i translate-names עַ֣יִן…יֻטָּה֙ 1 Ain … Juttah These are all names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 17 e8r4 figs-activepassive וּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה בִנְיָמִ֔ן 1 From the tribe of Benjamin were given Gibeon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Benjamin gave Gibeon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 17 fd6z translate-names אֶת־גֶּ֖בַע 1 Geba This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 18 sk7n translate-names אֶת־עֲנָתוֹת֙…עַלְמ֖וֹן 1 Anathoth … Almon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 19 ha9f translate-numbers שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה עָרִ֖ים 1 thirteen cities “13 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 20 lfp9 translate-names וּלְמִשְׁפְּח֤וֹת בְּנֵֽי־קְהָת֙ 1 the Kohathite clans The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 20 x8eu figs-activepassive וַֽיְהִי֙ עָרֵ֣י גֽוֹרָלָ֔ם 1 they had cities given to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they received cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 20 tg75 גֽוֹרָלָ֔ם 1 casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 21 21 kz7k translate-names גֶּ֖זֶר 1 Gezer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 22 tv2m translate-names קִבְצַ֨יִם֙…בֵּ֥ית חוֹרֹ֖ן 1 Kibzaim … Beth Horon names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 22 r4hl translate-numbers עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע 1 four cities in all This refers to the list by the total number. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 23 dw9x figs-activepassive וּמִמַּ֨טֵּה־דָ֔ן 1 From the tribe of Dan, the clan of Kohath was given Eltekeh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Dan gave to the clan of Kohath Eltekeh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 23 r7qr translate-names אֶֽת־אֶלְתְּקֵ֖א…גִּבְּת֖וֹן 1 Eltekeh … Gibbethon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 24 g45w translate-names אֶת־אַיָּלוֹן֙…אֶת־גַּת־רִמּ֖וֹן 1 Aijalon … Gath Rimmon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 24 g4ma translate-numbers עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע 1 four cities This refers to the number of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 25 e6cl figs-activepassive וּמִֽמַּחֲצִית֙ מַטֵּ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה אֶת־תַּעְנַךְ֙ 1 From the half tribe of Manasseh, the clan of Kohath was given Taanach This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The half tribe of Manasseh gave to the clan of Kohath Taanach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 25 yn8h translate-names אֶת־תַּעְנַךְ֙…גַּת־רִמּ֖וֹן 1 Taanach … Gath Rimmon These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 26 hn9j translate-names לְמִשְׁפְּח֥וֹת בְּנֵֽי־קְהָ֖ת 1 clans of the Kohathites The priests in this group were descendants of Levi’s son Kohath. A portion of them were also descendants of Aaron, Kohath’s grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 27 knk6 translate-names אֶת־גּוֹלָ֤ן…אֶֽת־בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָ֖ה 1 Golan … Be Eshterah names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 27 bmc9 הָרֹצֵ֔חַ 1 killed another unintentionally This refers to a death resulting from an action not intended to harm a person.
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JOS 21 27 a1zs translate-numbers עָרִ֖ים שְׁתָּֽיִם 1 two cities number of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 28 r9hc translate-names אֶת־קִשְׁי֖וֹן…אֶת־דָּֽבְרַ֖ת 1 Kishion … Daberath names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 29 u8z9 translate-names אֶת־יַרְמוּת֙…עֵ֥ין גַּנִּ֖ים 1 Jarmuth … En Gannim names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 30 rbf6 figs-activepassive וּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־מִשְׁאָ֖ל 1 From the tribe of Asher, they gave Mishal This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They received from the tribe of Asher Mishal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 30 px1s translate-names אֶת־מִשְׁאָ֖ל…אֶת־עַבְדּ֖וֹ 1 Mishal … Abdon names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 31 ziw8 translate-names אֶת־חֶלְקָת֙…רְחֹ֖ב 1 Helkath … Rehob names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 32 h2j8 translate-names חַמֹּ֥ת דֹּאר֙…קַרְתָּ֖ן 1 Hammoth Dor … Kartan These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 33 c7dt translate-numbers שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה עִ֖יר 1 thirteen cities in all “13 cities in total” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 34 yuv3 figs-activepassive וּלְמִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת בְּנֵֽי־מְרָרִי֮ הַלְוִיִּ֣ם הַנּוֹתָרִים֒ מֵאֵת֙ מַטֵּ֣ה זְבוּלֻ֔ן אֶֽת־יָקְנְעָ֖ם 1 To the rest of the Levites—the clans of Merari—were given out of the tribe of Zebulun: Jokneam This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: The rest of the Levites—the clans of Merari—received from the tribe of Zebulun Jokneam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 34 ws8g translate-names מְרָרִי֮ 1 Merari This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 34 ng32 translate-names אֶֽת־יָקְנְעָ֖ם…אֶת־קַרְתָּ֖ה 1 Jokneam … Kartah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 35 ek4f translate-names אֶת־דִּמְנָה֙…אֶֽת־נַהֲלָ֖ל 1 Dimnah … Nahalal names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 36 dh5c translate-names אֶת־בֶּ֖צֶר…וְאֶת־יַ֖הְצָה 1 Bezer … Jahaz names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 37 jbp6 translate-numbers עָרִ֖ים אַרְבַּֽע 1 four cities This refers to the total number of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 37 e538 translate-names אֶת־קְדֵמוֹת֙…מֵיפָ֖עַת 1 Kedemoth … Mephaath names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 38 r7m5 translate-names אֶת־רָמֹ֥ת…מַחֲנַ֖יִם 1 Ramoth … Mahanaim These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 39 a2l1 translate-names אֶת־חֶשְׁבּוֹן֙…אֶת־יַעְזֵ֖ר 1 Heshbon … Jazer These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 21 40 x17x translate-numbers עָרִ֖ים שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵֽה 1 twelve cities in all “12 cities in total” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 40 q83e figs-activepassive וַיְהִי֙ גּוֹרָלָ֔ם עָרִ֖ים שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵֽה 1 twelve cities in all were given to them by the casting of lots This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they received these twelve cities by the casting of lots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 40 at28 גּוֹרָלָ֔ם 1 casting of lots A random method of choosing to remove the choice from the leader’s will, often done with the idea that God will decide the outcome. See how you translated this in [Joshua 19:1](../19/01.md).
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JOS 21 41 g7z1 figs-activepassive כֹּ֚ל עָרֵ֣י הַלְוִיִּ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ אֲחֻזַּ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 The cities of the Levites taken from the middle of the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Levites received their cities from the middle of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JOS 21 41 z9gj translate-numbers עָרִ֛ים אַרְבָּעִ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנֶ֖ה 1 forty-eight cities “48 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 21 43 q5na נִשְׁבַּ֖ע 1 he swore “he gave an oath”
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JOS 21 44 t1a4 figs-litotes וְלֹא־עָ֨מַד אִ֤ישׁ בִּפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם 1 Not one of their enemies could defeat them This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translation: “They defeated every one of their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 21 44 lg6d figs-metonymy אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדָֽם 1 gave all their enemies into their hand Here “into their hand” means “into their power.” Alternate translation: “gave them power to defeat all their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 21 45 u1ik figs-litotes לֹֽא־נָפַ֣ל דָּבָ֔ר מִכֹּל֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַטּ֔וֹב אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 Not one thing among all the good promises that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel failed to come true This is stated in a negative way to strengthen the statement. Alternate translation: “Every one of the good promises that Yahweh had spoken to the house of Israel came true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 22 intro l4hr 0 # Joshua 22 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The division of the land is completed in this chapter. Additionally, the soldiers who received land on the east side of the Jordan River were released to go home.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tribes east of the Jordan River build a monument<br><br>The tribes east of the Jordan River said, “Let us now build an altar, not for burnt offerings nor for any sacrifices, but to be a witness between us and you, and between our generations after us, that we will perform the service of Yahweh before him, with our burnt offerings and with our sacrifices and with our peace offerings, so that your children will never say to our children in time to come, ‘You have no share in Yahweh.’” They went home even though the Israelites had not fully conquered the land.<br>
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JOS 22 1 ic3e translate-names לָרֽאוּבֵנִ֖י 1 Reubenites people of the tribe of Reuben (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 1 w3xd translate-names וְלַגָּדִ֑י 1 Gadites people of the tribe of Gad (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 2 x8l8 figs-metonymy וַתִּשְׁמְע֣וּ בְקוֹלִ֔י 1 obeyed my voice Here “my voice” refers to the things that Joshua had said. Alternate translation: “obeyed everything I said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 22 3 a89l figs-litotes לֹֽא־עֲזַבְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־אֲחֵיכֶ֗ם 1 You have not deserted your brothers This can be stated in a positive way. Alternate translation: “You have remained with your brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 22 5 zh9u figs-metaphor וְלָלֶ֧כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָ֛יו 1 to walk in all his ways A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads. Alternate translation: “to obey everything he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 22 5 r5dh figs-synecdoche בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶֽם 1 with all your heart and with all your soul The terms “heart” and “soul” are here used together to refer to the entire person. Alternate translation: “with all you think and feel” or “with your entire being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JOS 22 7 k89d הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן 1 the Jordan This was a short name for the Jordan River.
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JOS 22 8 w4re וּבְבַרְזֶ֛ל 1 iron a strong, hard, magnetic metal
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JOS 22 8 k79c שְׁלַל 1 plunder The winning army would take everything of value from the people they conquered.
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JOS 22 9 cmc4 figs-idiom פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה 1 the commandment of Yahweh, by the hand of Moses The phrase “by the hand of” is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Moses to deliver his command. Alternate translation: “the commandment that Yahweh told Moses to give to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JOS 22 10 iy3p הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 the Jordan This was a short name for the Jordan River.
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JOS 22 11 ww1z figs-metaphor אֶל־מוּל֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן 1 at the front of the land of Canaan The Israelite tribes who lived across the Jordan River would enter Canaan at the place where they built the altar. This place is spoken of as if it was the “front” or “entrance” to Canaan where the other tribes lived. Alternate translation: “at the entrance to the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 22 11 yqa5 translate-names גְּלִילוֹת֙ 1 Geliloth This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 12 v3q5 לַצָּבָֽא 1 war a state of armed conflict between two nations or people groups
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JOS 22 13 t232 translate-names אֶלְעָזָ֥ר 1 Eleazar name of man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 16 sy2y כֹּ֣ה אָמְר֞וּ כֹּ֣ל׀ עֲדַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה 1 The whole assembly of Yahweh says this All the people of Israel are spoken of together in the singular as if they were one person. Alternate translation: “All the other Israelites are asking”
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JOS 22 17 lcv2 figs-rquestion הַמְעַט־לָ֨נוּ֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן פְּע֔וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הִטַּהַ֨רְנוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה 1 Was our sin at Peor not enough for us? This question emphasizes how serious their previous sin was. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “We had already sinned terribly at Peor!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 22 17 b18v translate-names פְּע֔וֹר 1 Peor This is name of a place. Translate the same way as in [Joshua 13:20](../13/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 17 ie2t figs-litotes אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הִטַּהַ֨רְנוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ 1 we have not even now cleansed ourselves from it This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “we are still dealing with the guilt of that sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JOS 22 20 kyw7 translate-names עָכָ֣ן…זֶ֗רַח 1 Achan … Zerah names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 22 20 v3qy figs-rquestion הֲל֣וֹא׀ עָכָ֣ן בֶּן־זֶ֗רַח מָ֤עַל מַ֨עַל֙ בַּחֵ֔רֶם 1 Did not Achan son of Zerah break faith in the matter of those things that had been reserved for God? Did not wrath fall on all the people of Israel? These questions are used to remind the people of the punishment for past sins. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “Achan son of Zerah sinned by taking things that had been reserved for God. And because of that God punished all the people of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JOS 22 22 x5pm figs-hypo אִם־בְּמֶ֤רֶד וְאִם־בְּמַ֨עַל֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה אַל־תּוֹשִׁיעֵ֖נוּ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 If it was in rebellion … on this day The three tribes are making a hypothetical statement that they insist is not true. They did not build the altar in rebellion or breach of faith. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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JOS 22 23 sku4 figs-hypo לִבְנ֥וֹת לָ֨נוּ֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָשׁ֖וּב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְאִם־לְהַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָ֜יו עוֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְאִם־לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת עָלָיו֙ זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא יְבַקֵּֽשׁ 1 If we built … let Yahweh make us pay for it The three tribes are making a hypothetical statement that they insist is not true. They did not build the altar to worship another god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 22 24 cei9 0 General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now give their answer.
|
||||
JOS 22 24 xpn5 figs-hypo יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵיכֶ֤ם לְבָנֵ֨ינוּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַה־לָּכֶ֕ם וְלַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 your children might say to our children … God of Israel? This is a hypothetical accusation that the three tribes think the children of the other tribes may make sometime in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 22 24 qr6z figs-rquestion מַה־לָּכֶ֕ם וְלַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 What have you to do with Yahweh, the God of Israel? The three tribes use this rhetorical question to emphasize the situation they are trying to avoid. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have nothing to do with Yahweh, the God of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JOS 22 25 qfc4 0 General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh continue their answer.
|
||||
JOS 22 25 w2sv figs-hypo וּגְב֣וּל נָֽתַן־יְ֠הוָה בֵּינֵ֨נוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶ֜ם בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֤ן וּבְנֵי־גָד֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּֽיהוָ֑ה 1 For Yahweh has made the Jordan … nothing to do with Yahweh This is the continuation of the hypothetical accusation that the three tribes think the children of the other tribes may make sometime in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 22 25 w3az אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 22 25 iy97 figs-hypo וְהִשְׁבִּ֤יתוּ בְנֵיכֶם֙ אֶת־בָּנֵ֔ינוּ לְבִלְתִּ֖י יְרֹ֥א אֶת־יְהוָֽה 1 So your children might make our children cease to worship Yahweh The three tribes built the altar to avoid this hypothetical situation from happening in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 22 26 ueg6 0 General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now give their answer.
|
||||
JOS 22 27 m97u figs-metaphor עֵ֨ד ה֜וּא בֵּינֵ֣ינוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶ֗ם 1 to be a witness between us and you The altar is spoken of as if it were a witness that could testify to the rights of the three tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 22 27 gs6k figs-hypo וְלֹא־יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵיכֶ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְבָנֵ֔ינוּ אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּיהוָֽה 1 so that your children will never say to our children in time to come, “You have no share in Yahweh.” This is the hypothetical situation that the three tribes did not want to happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
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JOS 22 27 n3i9 אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק 1 no share “no portion” or “no inheritance”
|
||||
JOS 22 28 bf3h 0 General Information: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh now finish their answer.
|
||||
JOS 22 28 kuu5 figs-hypo וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יֹאמְר֥וּ אֵלֵ֛ינוּ וְאֶל־דֹּרֹתֵ֖ינוּ מָחָ֑ר וְאָמַ֡רְנוּ רְא֣וּ אֶת־תַּבְנִית֩ מִזְבַּ֨ח יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ לֹ֤א לְעוֹלָה֙ וְלֹ֣א לְזֶ֔בַח כִּי־עֵ֣ד ה֔וּא בֵּינֵ֖ינוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶֽם 1 If this should be said … a witness between us and you.” The three tribes are describing their potential answer to an accusation that might or might not be made at a future time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JOS 22 29 b4w1 figs-idiom חָלִילָה֩ לָּ֨נוּ מִמֶּ֜נּוּ לִמְרֹ֣ד 1 May it be far from us that we should rebel The unlikely chance that they would rebel is spoken of as if it is something that is a great distance away from them. Alternate translation: “We would certainly not rebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 22 29 i8y4 figs-metaphor וְלָשׁ֤וּב הַיּוֹם֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה 1 turn away from following him To stop following Yahweh is spoken of as if they were turning away from him. Alternate translation: “stop following him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 22 30 ysf8 וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע…אֶת־הַ֨דְּבָרִ֔ים 1 heard the words “heard the message”
|
||||
JOS 22 30 i3xp figs-idiom וַיִּיטַ֖ב בְּעֵינֵיהֶֽם 1 was good in their eyes Here “in their eyes” means “in their opinion.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 22 31 ab6h לֹֽא־מְעַלְתֶּ֥ם בַּֽיהוָ֖ה הַמַּ֣עַל הַזֶּ֑ה 1 committed this breach of faith against him “broken your promise to him”
|
||||
JOS 22 31 w1fn figs-metonymy הִצַּלְתֶּ֛ם אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִיַּ֥ד יְהוָֽה 1 you have rescued the people of Israel out of the hand of Yahweh Here “the hand of Yahweh” refers to his punishment. Protecting the people is spoken of as rescuing them from his hand. Alternate translation: “you have kept Yahweh from punishing us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 22 33 pn48 figs-idiom וַיִּיטַ֣ב הַדָּבָ֗ר בְּעֵינֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Their report was good in the eyes of the people Here “good in the eyes” means “accepted.” Alternate translation: “The people accepted the report of the leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 22 33 h5hk לְשַׁחֵת֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ 1 destroy the land “destroy everything in the land”
|
||||
JOS 22 34 xf56 figs-metaphor עֵ֥ד הוּא֙ בֵּֽינֹתֵ֔ינוּ 1 It is a witness between us The altar is spoken of as if it were a witness that could testify for the three tribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 23 intro v3r6 0 # Joshua 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Joshua’s final words to Israel (Joshua 23-24)<br><br>“Do not marry with the heathen people but drive them out.” ##### Drive them out<br>The Israelites were to completely drive out the Canaanites. If they did not drive them out completely, the Canaanites would cause the Israelites to worship other gods. It was sinful to allow the Canaanites to remain in the land because if the Israelites married the Canaanites, the Canaanites would cause them to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
|
||||
JOS 23 2 vyz9 figs-doublet זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּיָּמִֽים 1 old and well advanced in years This doublet can be translated as “very old.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
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JOS 23 4 t22f הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 23 4 bf99 מְב֥וֹא הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ 1 in the west This indicates the direction of the setting sun.
|
||||
JOS 23 6 w84i figs-metaphor לְבִלְתִּ֥י סוּר־מִמֶּ֖נּוּ יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹֽאול 1 turning aside from it neither to the right hand nor to the left Disobeying the commands of the law of Moses is spoken of as turning to the right or to the left away from a path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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JOS 23 7 mc72 לְבִלְתִּי־בוֹא֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 you may not mix Possible meanings are 1) having close friendship with them or 2) intermarrying with them.
|
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JOS 23 7 vkw6 תַזְכִּ֨ירוּ֙ 1 mention to speak of
|
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JOS 23 7 wbj7 אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֤ם 1 their gods This refers to the gods of the remaining nations.
|
||||
JOS 23 8 k6my figs-metaphor בַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם תִּדְבָּ֑קוּ 1 cling to Yahweh “hold tightly to Yahweh.” Believing in Yahweh is spoken of as if they were holding tightly onto him. Alternate translation: “continue to believe in Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 23 8 q6qx עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 to this day “until the present time”
|
||||
JOS 23 9 wf3v figs-metonymy לֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 to stand before you Here “stand” represents holding ground in a battle. The word “you” refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 23 10 iar1 אֶחָ֥ד 1 single only one
|
||||
JOS 23 10 lx1z translate-numbers אָ֑לֶף 1 a thousand “1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JOS 23 12 i2mf figs-metaphor וּדְבַקְתֶּם֙ בְּיֶ֨תֶר֙ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 cling to the survivors of these nations Accepting the beliefs of these nations is spoken of as holding tightly to them. Alternate translation: “accept the beliefs of the survivors of these nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 23 13 pdx3 figs-doublet לְפַ֣ח וּלְמוֹקֵ֗שׁ 1 a snare and a trap The words “snare” and “trap” mean basically the same thing. Together they speak of the other nations as if they were a deadly trap that will cause trouble for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 23 13 ut82 figs-metaphor וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם 1 whips on your backs and thorns in your eyes These phrases speak of the troubles these nations will cause Israel as if they were as painful as whips and thorns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 23 14 ba62 figs-euphemism אָנֹכִ֤י הוֹלֵךְ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 I am going the way of all the earth Joshua uses a polite term to refer to his death. Alternate translation: “I am going to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JOS 23 14 x3c7 figs-doublet וִידַעְתֶּ֞ם בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֣ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֗ם 1 know with all your hearts and souls Here the words “hearts” and “souls” have similar meanings. Together they emphasize deep personal knowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JOS 23 14 vtt2 figs-doublenegatives לֹֽא־נָפַל֩ דָּבָ֨ר אֶחָ֜ד 1 not one word has failed to come true These words emphasize that Yahweh’s promises have all occurred. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “every word has come true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 23 16 xwa3 figs-parallelism וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶ֑ם 1 worship other gods and bow down to them These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second describes how the people “worship other gods.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JOS 23 16 wz7d figs-metaphor וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם 1 the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you “Kindled” here is a metaphor for the beginning of Yahweh’s anger, like a fire is “kindled” or started with “kindling” or very easy to start burning like dried grass or small twigs. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will begin to be angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 24 intro yqa8 0 # Joshua 24 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Joshua’s instructions<br>In this chapter, Joshua gives the leaders and people instructions in preparation for his death. It was common in the Ancient Near East for important leaders to do this. Unfortunately, the people of Israel did not listen to Joshua’s instructions.<br>
|
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JOS 24 1 e4nq figs-metaphor וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel Joshua’s summons to the tribes is spoken of as if he gathered them together in a basket. Alternate translation: “Joshua asked all the tribes of Israel to meet with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
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JOS 24 1 c7pt וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י 1 presented themselves before “came and stood in front of” or “came before”
|
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JOS 24 2 tn5x מֵֽעוֹלָ֔ם 1 long ago “many years ago”
|
||||
JOS 24 2 y8s6 כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר 1 This is what Joshua begins to quote what Yahweh had said previously. The quotation continues until the end of verse 13.
|
||||
JOS 24 2 uke1 translate-names תֶּ֛רַח…נָח֑וֹר 1 Terah … Nahor These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 24 3 h2vy 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 4 z8e8 translate-names שֵׂעִיר֙ 1 Seir This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 24 4 azj7 יָרְד֥וּ 1 went down Egypt was lower in elevation that the land of Canaan. Alternate translation: “traveled”
|
||||
JOS 24 5 hrk4 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 5 shc6 figs-you הוֹצֵ֥אתִי אֶתְכֶֽם 1 brought you out The word “you” is plural and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 6 uxu8 figs-you וָֽאוֹצִ֤יא אֶת־אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ 1 brought your ancestors out The word “your” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 7 w52l 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 7 t8kg figs-you וַיִּצְעֲק֣וּ…בֵּינֵיכֶ֣ם 1 your ancestors … you Yahweh continually alternates between these two phrases, which both refer to all the Israelites, past and present. The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 7 rv8q אֶת־הַיָּם֙ 1 the sea This refers to the Sea of Reeds.
|
||||
JOS 24 7 gqs1 בַמִּדְבָּ֖ר 1 in the wilderness an uninhabited area, a desert
|
||||
JOS 24 8 jpf2 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 8 xwk4 figs-you אֶתְכֶ֗ם 1 you The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 8 ew9g הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 24 8 wu3t figs-metonymy וָאֶתֵּ֨ן אוֹתָ֤ם בְּיֶדְכֶם֙ 1 gave them into your hand Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “enabled you to conquer them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 24 9 wi7h 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 9 eb7h translate-names בָּלָ֤ק…צִפּוֹר֙ 1 Balak … Zippor men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 24 9 l9gd figs-you אֶתְכֶֽם 1 you The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 10 jr3f figs-metonymy וָאַצִּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיָּדֽ 1 rescued you out of his hand Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “enabled you to overcome him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 24 11 wlg7 0 General Information: Joshua continues quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 11 b324 figs-you וַתַּעַבְר֣וּ 1 You The word “you” is plural throughout this speech and refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 11 jx4u אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן֮ 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
|
||||
JOS 24 12 d1wr אֶת־הַצִּרְעָ֔ה 1 the hornet A small fast flying stinging insect that lives in colonies. Here, many “hornets” are spoken of as only one.
|
||||
JOS 24 13 qv5z 0 General Information: Joshua finishes quoting what Yahweh said about his dealings with his people.
|
||||
JOS 24 15 gei6 figs-metaphor וְאִם֩ רַ֨ע בְּֽעֵינֵיכֶ֜ם 1 If it seems wrong in your eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or desire. Alternate translation: “If you do not want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 24 15 bff7 figs-metonymy וּבֵיתִ֔י 1 my house This represents his family that lives in his house. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JOS 24 17 uf71 figs-pronouns אֹתָ֧נוּ וְאֶת־אֲבוֹתֵ֛ינוּ 1 us and our ancestors … we The people speak as if they were present with their ancestors, and interchange the words “us” and “we” with “our ancestors.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
|
||||
JOS 24 17 n1g2 figs-idiom מִבֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֑ים 1 house of slavery Here “house” is an idiom that refers to the location of their slavery. Alternate translation: “place where we were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JOS 24 17 v2lc הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבַ֖רְנוּ 1 nations through whom we passed “nations that we passed through”
|
||||
JOS 24 19 in4p הָעָ֗ם 1 people This refers to the Israelites.
|
||||
JOS 24 19 di8z אֵֽל־קַנּ֣וֹא ה֔וּא 1 he is a jealous God God wants his people to worship only him.
|
||||
JOS 24 20 l4yi figs-metaphor וְשָׁ֨ב…וְכִלָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם 1 He will consume you Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if he was a fire that would destroy them. Alternate translation: “He will destroy you as with fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JOS 24 21 mt8s הָעָ֖ם 1 people This refers to the Israelites.
|
||||
JOS 24 23 h48g figs-metaphor וְהַטּוּ֙ אֶת־לְבַבְכֶ֔ם אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה 1 turn your heart to Yahweh Deciding to obey Yahweh only is spoken of as turning their heart towards him. Here “heart” represents the whole person. In this case, “heart” is plural because it refers to all the Israelites as a single group. However, it may be best to translate it in the plural since “your” is plural. Alternate translation: “turn yourselves to Yahweh” or “decide to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JOS 24 24 ut8c הָעָ֖ם 1 people This refers to the Israelites.
|
||||
JOS 24 24 yq9g figs-metonymy וּבְקוֹל֖וֹ נִשְׁמָֽע 1 We will listen to his voice Here “listen” means to obey. Alternate translation: “We will obey everything he tells us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JOS 24 25 g8by figs-metaphor וַיָּ֥שֶׂם ל֛וֹ חֹ֥ק וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט 1 He put in place decrees and laws Establishing laws is spoken of as if Joshua physically set them in place like monuments. Alternate translation: “He established decrees and laws” or “He gave them laws and decrees to obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JOS 24 26 n7ac בְּסֵ֖פֶר תּוֹרַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 the Book of the law of God This appears to be a continuation of the writings of Moses.
|
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JOS 24 26 ct9g וַיְקִימֶ֣הָ שָּׁ֔ם 1 set it up there “placed it there”
|
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JOS 24 27 u7ad הָעָ֗ם 1 people This refers to the Israelites.
|
||||
JOS 24 27 mkt9 figs-personification הָאֶ֤בֶן הַזֹּאת֙ תִּֽהְיֶה־בָּ֣נוּ לְעֵדָ֔ה כִּֽי־הִ֣יא שָׁמְעָ֗ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־אִמְרֵ֣י 1 this stone will be a testimony … It has heard all the words The stone that Joshua set up is spoken of as if it were a person who heard what was spoken and would be able to testify about what was said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
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JOS 24 27 h23i פֶּֽן־תְּכַחֲשׁ֖וּן 1 should you ever “if you ever”
|
||||
JOS 24 29 e9uy translate-numbers בֶּן־מֵאָ֥ה וָעֶ֖שֶׂר שָׁנִֽים 1 110 years old “one hundred and ten years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JOS 24 30 iyt3 translate-names בְּתִמְנַת־סֶ֖רַח…לְהַר־גָּֽעַשׁ 1 Timnath Serah … Mount Gaash names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JOS 24 31 gf2q figs-idiom כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ 1 all of Joshua’s days This is an idiom that refers to Joshua’s entire life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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JOS 24 31 r7xz הֶאֱרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ 1 outlived Joshua “lived longer than Joshua”
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JOS 24 32 a3ik עַצְמ֣וֹת י֠וֹסֵף…קָבְר֣וּ בִשְׁכֶם֒ 1 The bones of Joseph … they buried them at Shechem, It may be helpful to change the order of the beginning of this sentence. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel brought the bones of Joseph up out of Egypt and buried them at Shechem”
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JOS 24 32 ve2g translate-numbers בְּמֵאָ֣ה קְשִׂיטָ֑ה 1 one hundred pieces “100 pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JOS 24 33 ur16 translate-names וְאֶלְעָזָ֥ר 1 Eleazar This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JOS 24 33 rv7j translate-names בְּגִבְעַת֙ 1 Gibeah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
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JDG front intro v8pn 0 # Introduction to Judges<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Judges<br><br>1. History of the judges of Israel (1:1–16:31)<br>- Introduction (1:1-3:6)<br>- Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar (3:7–31)<br>- Deborah and Barak (4:1–5:31)<br>- Gideon (6:1–8:35)<br>- Abimelech, Tola, and Jair (9:1–10:5)<br>- Jephthah (10:6-12:7)<br>- Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15)<br>- Samson (13:1–16:31)<br>1. The account of Micah and his idols (17:1–18:31)<br>1. The account of Gibeah; the other Israelites take revenge (19:1–21:25)<br><br>### What is the Book of Judges about?<br><br>The Book of Judges tells of events that occurred after the Israelites settled in the Promised Land. The events in this book happened over a period of about 150 years.<br><br>This book describes how the Israelites repeatedly sinned against Yahweh during this time. They worshiped false gods and did the same wicked things as the peoples who lived around them. Therefore, God would allow enemies to defeat and oppress the Israelites. Eventually, the Israelites would call to Yahweh for help. Yahweh would then cause someone to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. This person was called a “judge.” The Israelites would live in peace until the judge died.<br><br>After that judge died, the Israelites would start sinning again. So this pattern of events would repeat.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book traditionally has the title “Judges” because it gives accounts of some of the main leaders or judges in Israel before there were any kings over the people. Unless there are good reasons for following the title in other Bible versions, the translator should probably use the title “Judges” or a title such as “The Book about the Leaders in Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What kind of leaders were the judges?<br><br>These were men and women whom God chose to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. After defeating their enemies, these leaders usually continued to help the people by deciding disputes among them. They also helped them make important decisions. Many of these leaders served all the people of Israel, but some of these leaders may have served only certain tribes.<br><br>### What kind of society was Israel during the time of the judges?<br><br>During this time, the twelve tribes of Israel were independent of one another. They were not a unified nation with one ruler. The tribes would sometimes help each other when enemies were threatening them.<br><br>These tribes were descended from the same ancestors: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. They shared in the same covenant with Yahweh.<br><br>### What spiritual struggles did Israel experience during the time of the judges?<br><br>During this time, Israel struggled to remain faithful to Yahweh. The best judges encouraged Israel to be faithful to him, but some of the judges failed to do so. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What is the meaning of the phrase “in those days there was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in his own eyes”?<br><br>This phrase occurs twice in the book of Judges. Shorter versions of the phrase occur two other times. These phrases imply that the writer or editor of this book was alive at a later time when there was a king in Israel. They also seem to imply that the writer thought that things were not good in Israel because there was no king.<br><br>The translation of these phrases should imply to the reader that the book’s writer is looking back into the past.<br><br>### What is the meaning of the phrase “to this day”?<br><br>The narrator used this phrase to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. The translator must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation’s readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Judges 1:21, 26; 6:24; 10:4; 15:19; 18:12.
|
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JDG 1 intro a4am 0 # Judges 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>### “After the death of Joshua”<br>This statement creates a seamless transition from the book of Joshua.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land<br><br>Israel fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties with other peoples and made some of them do hard labor. This was against God’s instruction to completely remove the Canaanite people from the land.
|
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JDG 1 1 r9ee 0 Connecting Statement: The book of Judges continues the story about Joshua and is also the beginning of a new part of the story.
|
||||
JDG 1 1 b9my 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
|
||||
JDG 1 1 c92j figs-exclusive 0 will attack the Canaanites for us The word “us” refers to the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
|
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JDG 1 2 c4zw figs-synecdoche 0 Judah will attack Here “Judah” represents the men of the tribe of Judah. Yahweh is commanding these men to attack first. Alternate translation: “The men of Judah must attack first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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JDG 1 2 i2v6 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JDG 1 2 ysi6 figs-explicit 0 this land This refers to the land where the Canaanites lived. Alternate translation: “the land of the Canaanites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 1 3 k7aq 0 their brothers “their fellow Israelites” or “their relatives”
|
||||
JDG 1 3 x2kz 0 Come up with us The people of the tribes of Judah and Simeon were camped with the rest of the Israelite people in the valley of the Jordan River. The land given to Judah was in the hills above the valley. Some languages do not usually indicate whether people were going up or down. Alternate translation: “Come with us” or “Go with us”
|
||||
JDG 1 3 p8mq figs-activepassive 0 that was assigned to us … that was assigned to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh assigned to us … that Yahweh assigned to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 1 3 yz2b 0 We will likewise go with you “We will also go with you” or “In the same way, we will go with you”
|
||||
JDG 1 4 ku4h figs-explicit 0 The men of Judah attacked It is implied that the men of Simeon attacked with the men of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 1 4 n19d translate-numbers 0 They killed ten thousand “They killed about 10,000” or “They killed a large number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 1 4 vmc4 0 of them “soldiers of the Canaanites and Perizzites” or “enemies”
|
||||
JDG 1 4 c9xq translate-names 0 Bezek This is an area in the mountains of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 5 w88l translate-names 0 Adoni-Bezek This man was the leader of the army of the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 5 i3pn figs-synecdoche 0 they fought against him Here “him” actually refers to Adoni-Bezek and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against him and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JDG 1 6 vz6p 0 pursued him “chased him”
|
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JDG 1 7 es2p translate-numbers 0 Seventy kings “70 kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 1 7 t5fd figs-activepassive 0 who had their thumbs and their big toes cut off This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whose thumbs and big toes I told my men to cut off” or “whose thumbs and big toes we cut off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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||||
JDG 1 7 p5cw figs-metonymy 0 gathered their food from under my table Forcing these kings to eat scraps of food represents all the ways that Adoni-Bezek humiliated these kings. Here “gathering” food represents eating it. Alternate translation: “ate scraps of food from under my table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 1 8 hh58 figs-metonymy 0 the city of Jerusalem and took it Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the people who lived in Jerusalem and defeated them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
JDG 1 8 ca78 figs-metonymy 0 They attacked it Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate translation: “They attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 1 8 k6ze figs-synecdoche 0 with the edge of the sword “with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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JDG 1 9 cs3t 0 the men of Judah went down to fight It was common to use the word “down” when it refers to traveling from Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “the men of Judah went to fight”
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JDG 1 9 q3x9 0 in the Negev “in the southern Judean wilderness”
|
||||
JDG 1 9 x4ew 0 foothills hills at the base of a mountain or mountain range
|
||||
JDG 1 10 ax37 writing-background 0 the name of Hebron was previously Kiriath Arba This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Kiriath Arba but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Hebron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 1 10 edk7 translate-names 0 Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai These are the names of three Canaanite leaders of Hebron. Each leader represents his army. Alternate translation: “Sheshai, Ahiman, Talmai, and their armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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JDG 1 11 lh59 writing-background 0 the name of Debir was previously Kiriath Sepher The author probably wrote this because his readers knew the city as Debir. But at the time Israel attacked it, it was called Kiriath Sepher. Alternate translation: “which used to be called Kiriath Sepher” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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JDG 1 11 fn5g 0 was previously “was in times past” or “was at an earlier time”
|
||||
JDG 1 12 e7kf figs-metonymy 0 Whoever attacks Kiriath Sepher and takes it Here “Kiriath Sepher” represents the people. Alternate translation: “Whoever attacks and defeats the people of Kiriath Sepher and takes their city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 1 12 n39v translate-names 0 Aksah This is the name of Caleb’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 13 xa4b translate-names 0 Othniel, son of Kenaz These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 14 u3cc 0 she urged him “Aksah urged Othniel”
|
||||
JDG 1 15 m3cg 0 Give me a blessing “Do a favor for me” or “Do this for me”
|
||||
JDG 1 15 rz4u figs-explicit 0 Since you have given me the land of the Negev Caleb gave Aksah in marriage to Othniel, so she lived with Othniel in the city that he had captured in the Negev. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Since you have given me in marriage to live in the Negev” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 1 15 n8di figs-explicit 0 Since you have given me the land This implies that Caleb did give her the field when she asked him for it (verse 14). She is now asking for springs of water in addition to that field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 1 16 x6ei 0 of Moses’ father-in-law “of the father of Moses’ wife”
|
||||
JDG 1 16 fqe9 0 father-in-law the Kenite went up “father-in-law, who was one of the Ken people, went up”
|
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JDG 1 16 n6kh 0 went up from the City of Palms … into the wilderness “left the City of Palms … and went into the wilderness”
|
||||
JDG 1 16 a29w figs-explicit 0 City of Palms This is another name for the city of Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 1 16 u7t8 translate-names 0 Arad This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 17 e48a 0 the men of Simeon their brothers Here “brothers” means relatives who were in another tribe of Israel.
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JDG 1 17 nd84 translate-names 0 Zephath This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 1 17 iy2d figs-explicit 0 The name of the city was called Hormah After the Israelites destroyed Zephath, they changed its name to “Hormah.” The name “Hormah” means “complete destruction.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 1 19 vtq2 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh was with the people of Judah Here “was with” means that Yahweh helped the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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JDG 1 19 g27v 0 plains a very large area of level, treeless ground
|
||||
JDG 1 20 ys79 figs-activepassive 0 Hebron was given to Caleb (like Moses had said) This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had given Hebron to Caleb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JDG 1 20 eml1 figs-synecdoche 0 three sons of Anak The leaders of the people groups are used to refer to the entire group. Alternate translation: “three sons of Anak and their people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
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JDG 1 20 tyj7 translate-names 0 Anak This is the name of a man. Anak and his descendants were famous for being very tall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 1 21 l6aj 0 to this day “until now.” This refers to the time the book of Judges was written.
|
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JDG 1 22 da33 figs-metonymy 0 The house of Joseph Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “The men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 1 22 pc1n figs-metonymy 0 to attack Bethel Here “Bethel” represents the people who live in Bethel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
JDG 1 23 ffy3 0 spy to get information secretly
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||||
JDG 1 23 vx3f writing-background 0 the city that was formerly called Luz This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Luz but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Bethel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 1 24 qdm8 0 spies people who get information secretly
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JDG 1 25 dj1j figs-metonymy 0 they attacked the city Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “they attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 1 25 ncm9 figs-synecdoche 0 with the edge of the sword “with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JDG 1 25 uw87 figs-idiom 0 get away This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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JDG 1 26 i4r5 0 Luz This new town started in the land of the Hittites was named after the town of Luz, near Bethel, that the man had left.
|
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JDG 1 26 ym4e 0 which is its name to this day “which is still its name.” Here “to this day” refers to the time when the book of Judges was written.
|
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JDG 1 27 va98 translate-names 0 Beth Shan … Taanach … Dor … Ibleam … Megiddo These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 27 grh4 0 because the Canaanites were determined to live in that land To “determine” is to firmly decide something. Alternate translation: “because the Canaanites firmly decided not to leave that land”
|
||||
JDG 1 28 m64k figs-metonymy 0 When Israel became strong Here “Israel” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel became stronger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 1 28 h7tu 0 they forced the Canaanites to serve them with hard labor “they forced the Canaanites to do hard work for them”
|
||||
JDG 1 29 ek8n figs-metonymy 0 Ephraim did not Here “Ephraim” the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
JDG 1 29 u8mq translate-names 0 Gezer The name of one of the cities in the Ephraim area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 30 z9je figs-metonymy 0 Zebulun did not drive out Here “Zebulun” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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||||
JDG 1 30 p5am translate-names 0 Kitron … Nahalol These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 30 l8tv figs-metonymy 0 but Zebulun forced Here “Zebulun” represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 1 30 cp5q 0 hard labor “difficult labor”
|
||||
JDG 1 31 e29r figs-metonymy 0 Asher did not drive Here “Asher” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 1 31 b612 translate-names 0 Akko … Sidon … Ahlab, Akzib, Helbah, Aphek … Rehob These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 33 d9v1 translate-names 0 Beth Shemesh … Beth Anath These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 33 pck2 figs-activepassive 0 the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced into hard labor for Naphthali This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Naphtali forced the people of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath to work for them as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 1 34 w8it 0 not allowing them to come down “stopping them from coming down”
|
||||
JDG 1 34 ijt5 0 plain a very large area of flat land without trees
|
||||
JDG 1 35 qwt2 translate-names 0 Mount Heres This is the name of a large hill on which the city of Aijalon was built. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 35 cw8t translate-names 0 Aijalon … Shaalbim These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 35 x276 0 the military might of the house of Joseph conquered them “the tribes of people who descended from Joseph were able to conquer them because of their powerful army”
|
||||
JDG 1 35 uvw1 figs-metonymy 0 house of Joseph Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 1 36 g7nx translate-names 0 the hill of Akrabbim This was a pass southwest of the Dead Sea. It is also called the “Scorpion Pass.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 1 36 qr2w translate-names 0 Sela This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 intro mf6a 0 # Judges 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh tests Israel<br><br>Yahweh said, “Because this nation has broken the terms of my covenant.” Completely removing the Canaanites from the land was a test from Yahweh. While Yahweh displayed covenant faithfulness, Israel did not. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])
|
||||
JDG 2 1 tt9y 0 angel of Yahweh This could mean: (1) “angel who represents Yahweh” or (2) “messenger who serves Yahweh” or (3) it may refer to Yahweh himself, who looked like an angel as he talked to a person. Either one of these meanings would explain the angel’s use of “I” as if Yahweh himself were talking.
|
||||
JDG 2 1 q2ka 0 went up from Gilgal to Bokim “left Gilgal and went to Bokim”
|
||||
JDG 2 1 x66i translate-names 0 Bokim This is what the Israelites named this place in 2:5 after the angel rebukes the people. “Bokim” means “crying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 1 te37 figs-ellipsis 0 and said It is understood that the angel of Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and said to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 2 1 im2i 0 brought you up from Egypt “led you from Egypt”
|
||||
JDG 2 1 ha9u 0 your fathers “your ancestors” or “your forefathers”
|
||||
JDG 2 1 p92u figs-idiom 0 break my covenant with you This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fail to do what I said I would do for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 2 2 syq4 figs-metonymy 0 you have not listened to my voice Here “voice” represents what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 2 w8ys figs-rquestion 0 What is this that you have done? This question is asked to cause the people of Israel to realize they have disobeyed Yahweh and will suffer because of it. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 2 3 lva5 0 General Information: The angel of Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel.
|
||||
JDG 2 3 kdq3 figs-quotesinquotes 0 So now I say, ‘I will not … trap for you.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “So now I tell you that I will not … trap for you.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
JDG 2 3 plg4 figs-metaphor 0 become thorns in your sides The Canaanites troubling the Israelites is spoken of as if the Canaanites would be thorns in the side of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “cause you trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 3 y4wm 0 thorns sharp pieces of wood up to 7 centimeters long that stick out from some plants
|
||||
JDG 2 3 b6w1 figs-metaphor 0 their gods will become a trap for you The Israelites worshiping the Canaanite gods is spoken of as if the false gods were a hunter’s trap that catches an animal and causes it harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 4 f5v2 0 shouted and wept “cried many tears”
|
||||
JDG 2 6 p53v 0 Now when Joshua Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator begins a summary that explains how the generations of Israelites after Joshua sinned and worshiped false gods so that Yahweh punished them, but then he would send judges to rescue them. This summary ends in 2:23.
|
||||
JDG 2 6 u1xb writing-background 0 when Joshua … of their land The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. This is recounting events that happened at the end of the book of Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 2 6 i12e figs-explicit 0 to the place assigned This statement can be made clearer. Alternate translation: “to the place Yahweh gave them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 2 7 kcc2 writing-background 0 The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 2 7 ydz9 0 during the lifetime This means the time that someone lived. Alternate translation: “during the life”
|
||||
JDG 2 7 g5ah 0 the elders Here this means the men who helped lead Israel, participating in matters of social justice and in religious matters such as maintaining the law of Moses.
|
||||
JDG 2 7 qml9 0 outlived him This means to live longer than someone else. Alternate translation: “lived longer than he did”
|
||||
JDG 2 8 ii19 writing-background 0 The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 2 8 m4jx writing-background 0 Joshua son of Nun … died at the age of 110 years old The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 ends. The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 2 8 k12w translate-names 0 Nun This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 8 xfn6 translate-numbers 0 110 years old “one hundred and ten years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 2 9 ne2z figs-activepassive 0 he was assigned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God gave him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 2 9 yk2s translate-names 0 Timnath Heres This is the name of an area of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 9 f8u2 translate-names 0 Mount Gaash This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 10 umh1 figs-euphemism 0 All that generation was also gathered to their fathers The phrase “was also gathered to their fathers” means that as the people of that generation died, their souls went to the same place as their ancestors who died before them. It is a polite way of saying they died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 2 10 r6cs 0 fathers Here this means the ancestors of a certain person or people group.
|
||||
JDG 2 10 flq1 0 grew up “grew older” or “became older”
|
||||
JDG 2 10 qd7f 0 who did not know Yahweh Here “did not know” means they had not experienced Yahweh or his power the way the previous generation had.
|
||||
JDG 2 11 yhh4 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 11 gx61 translate-names 0 Baals This is the plural of Baal. While “Baal” was generally the name of one false god, the word was also used for various other gods that were often worshiped along with Baal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 12 tp3f figs-metaphor 0 They broke away from Yahweh The Israelites no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically broke away from him and left him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 12 re2c 0 their fathers “their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
|
||||
JDG 2 12 n4xl figs-metaphor 0 They went after other gods The Israelites starting to worship false gods is spoken of as if the Israelites walked and went after the false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 12 w9r2 translate-symaction 0 bowed down to them This is an act of worship and giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 2 12 j3xw 0 They provoked Yahweh to anger “They caused Yahweh to become angry”
|
||||
JDG 2 13 ddu6 translate-names 0 Ashtoreths This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 2 14 r6xm figs-metaphor 0 The anger of Yahweh burned against Israel The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 14 bjf9 0 he gave them to the raiders who stole their possessions from them “he let raiders steal their possessions”
|
||||
JDG 2 14 v1ki figs-metaphor 0 He sold them as slaves who were held by the strength of their enemies around them, so they could no longer defend themselves against their enemies Yahweh allowing the enemies to take the Israelites as slaves is spoken of as if he sold them into slavery. The phrase “who were held by” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He allowed their enemies to conquer them and take them as slaves, and they could no longer resist their powerful enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 2 15 b13p figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh’s hand was against them to defeat them Here “hand” represents Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped their enemies defeat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 15 n59g 0 they were in terrible distress “they were suffering terribly”
|
||||
JDG 2 16 t2b3 figs-metaphor 0 Then Yahweh raised up judges Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he were raising or lifting the persons up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 16 myh2 figs-metonymy 0 out of the hand of those Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the power of the enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 17 p49i 0 they would not listen to their judges “they would not obey their judges”
|
||||
JDG 2 17 dv8s figs-simile 0 gave themselves like prostitutes to other gods and worshiped them The people betraying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the people were prostitutes. Alternate translation: “betrayed him by worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 2 17 wwn4 0 their fathers “their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
|
||||
JDG 2 18 eau5 figs-metaphor 0 When Yahweh raised up judges Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 18 hz8j 0 judges for them … rescued them The word “them” refers to the Israelites.
|
||||
JDG 2 18 ql9k figs-metonymy 0 the hand of their enemies Here “hand” refers to power of the enemies to hurt Israel. Alternate translation: “the power of their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 18 j2rk 0 all the days the judge lived “as long as the judge lived”
|
||||
JDG 2 18 n8w4 0 pity to have compassion for someone or something
|
||||
JDG 2 18 g95t figs-metonymy 0 as they groaned The sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate translation: “as they suffered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 19 q63w figs-metaphor 0 they would turn away The people no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they would physically turn away from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 19 fnt4 0 their fathers “their ancestors” or “their forefathers”
|
||||
JDG 2 19 kid3 figs-metaphor 0 They would go after other gods to serve them and worship them The Israelites worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were walking and going after other gods. Alternate translation: “They would serve and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 19 lq1a figs-litotes 0 They refused to give up any of their evil practices or their stubborn ways “They refused to stop doing evil things and being stubborn.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “They continued doing evil things and being stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JDG 2 20 b7rk figs-metaphor 0 The anger of Yahweh burned against Israel The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 20 clk3 figs-metonymy 0 this nation has broken Here “nation” represents the people. Alternate translation: “these people have broken” or “the Israelites have broken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 21 ry6q figs-metonymy 0 any of the nations Here “nations” represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 2 22 n194 figs-metaphor 0 they will keep the way of Yahweh and walk in it How Yahweh wants people to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking in his way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 2 23 tn49 figs-doublet 0 did not drive them out quickly and give them into the hand of Joshua These two phrases mean the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “he did not let Joshua quickly conquer them and drive them out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JDG 2 23 b618 figs-metonymy 0 into the hand of Joshua Here “hand” is a metonym for power, and “Joshua” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “into the power of Joshua and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 intro k35h 0 # Judges 03 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The people worship false gods<br><br>Israel worshiped idols and false gods. Because of this, Yahweh allowed Aram and Moab to rule over them. In the period of Judges, when Israel sinned, they were often placed under the rule of a foreign power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Blew a trumpet”<br><br>When Ehud “blew a trumpet,” he was calling all of the men to come help him fight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 3 1 w2is 0 Now Yahweh Here “Now” begins a new section of the story.
|
||||
JDG 3 1 hp8z 0 these nations This refers to the people groups that the narrator will list in 3:3.
|
||||
JDG 3 1 xj63 figs-activepassive 0 who had not experienced any of the wars fought in Canaan This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who had not fought in any of the wars in Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 3 2 l4u8 writing-background 0 He did this to teach warfare to the new generation of the Israelites who had not known it before This breaks from the main story line. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left nations among the Israelites to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 3 3 mgb4 figs-synecdoche 0 the five kings These five kings represent themselves and their people. Alternate translation: “the five kings and their people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 3 upq5 translate-names 0 Mount Baal Hermon This is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 3 z6zc translate-names 0 Hamath Pass This is the name of an area at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 4 vqn2 figs-activepassive 0 These nations were left This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left these nations in Canaan” or “Yahweh allowed these nations to continue to live in Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 3 4 dzs7 0 as a means “as a way”
|
||||
JDG 3 4 f89f 0 whether they would … gave their ancestors The words “they” and “their” refer to the people of Israel.
|
||||
JDG 3 4 wbc7 0 the commands he gave “the commands Yahweh gave”
|
||||
JDG 3 7 p6m5 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 7 e1t1 figs-idiom 0 forgot Yahweh their God Here “forgot” is an idiom that means “they stopped obeying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 3 8 yg7p figs-metaphor 0 the anger of Yahweh was set on fire Yahweh becoming very angry is spoken of as if his anger were something that could be set on fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 8 gwp8 figs-metaphor 0 sold them into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim Allowing the people of Israel to be conquered is spoken of as if Yahweh sold them to Cushan-Rishathaim. Alternate translation: “allowed Cushan-Rishathaim and his army to defeat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 8 zj78 figs-metonymy 0 into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim Here “hand” is a metonym that represents power or control. Also, “Cushan-Rishathaim” is a synechdoche that represents himself and his army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 8 b1vl translate-names 0 Cushan-Rishathaim This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 8 a27l translate-names 0 Aram Naharaim This is the name of a country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 9 vg5k figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh raised up someone Yahweh appointing someone to do a special work for him is spoken of as if Yahweh raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 9 k6r6 0 Othniel … Kenaz See how you translated these men’s names in [Judges 1:13](../01/13.md).
|
||||
JDG 3 10 y845 0 empowered him This phrase means that Yahweh helped Othniel to have and develop the qualities he needed to be a great leader.
|
||||
JDG 3 10 rq2z 0 he judged Israel Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
|
||||
JDG 3 10 k8cd figs-synecdoche 0 he went out to war Here “he” refers to Othniel who represents himself and the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Othniel and the Israelite soldiers went to fight against the army of Cushan-Rishathaim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 10 l4lh figs-synecdoche 0 Yahweh gave him victory over Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram Here “Cushan-Rishathaim” represents his army. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped the Israelite army defeat the army of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 10 f953 figs-metonymy 0 The hand of Othniel Here “hand” is a metonym for army. Alternate translation: “The army of Othniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 3 11 svg9 figs-metonymy 0 The land had peace “The land” is used to refer to the people who lived in the land. Alternate translation: “The people lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 3 11 i8ks translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 3 12 l914 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 12 nj1t figs-abstractnouns 0 Yahweh gave strength to Eglon king of Moab The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made Eglon king of Moab strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 3 12 s1wn figs-synecdoche 0 to Eglon king of Moab to overpower the Israelites Here “Eglon king of Moab” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “to Eglon king of Moab and his soldiers as they attacked the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 3 12 z23q translate-names 0 Eglon This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 13 rp3h 0 the City of Palms This is another name for the city of Jericho. See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||
JDG 3 14 h6y6 translate-numbers 0 eighteen years “18 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 3 15 mpv5 0 called out to Yahweh Here this means to shout or speak loudly to someone far away. It can also mean to ask someone for help, especially God.
|
||||
JDG 3 15 zn6d figs-metaphor 0 raised up someone Yahweh appointing someone to do a special service for him is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 15 jja5 translate-names 0 Ehud … Gera These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 15 w4sk 0 left-handed Ehud was better able to hold a sword with his left hand.
|
||||
JDG 3 16 fm5l translate-bdistance 0 one cubit If it is necessary to use a modern measurement of length, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “46 centimeters” or “about one half meter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
|
||||
JDG 3 16 i3y7 0 he strapped it on under his clothing on his right thigh “he tied it to his right thigh under his clothing”
|
||||
JDG 3 16 s4wh 0 thigh the part of the leg between the knee and the hip
|
||||
JDG 3 17 k42d writing-background 0 Now Eglon was a very fat man Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Eglon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 3 19 q56y figs-activepassive 0 when he reached the place where the carved images were made near Gilgal This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when he arrived at the place near Gilgal where people made carved images” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 3 20 f67g 0 in the coolness of the upper room This is a room above the lower level that was used for rest and to remain cool during the hot part of the day.
|
||||
JDG 3 20 p7ft translate-symaction 0 The king got up out of his seat Standing up was a sign of honoring God will listening to his message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 3 22 k49p 0 The tip of the sword came out of his back “The sharp end of the sword came out of his back”
|
||||
JDG 3 23 djg4 0 porch an outside room with low walls and a roof covering
|
||||
JDG 3 24 z2qt figs-euphemism 0 Surely he is relieving himself This is a polite way to speak about a person having a bowel movement (defecating) or urinating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 3 25 d7zv 0 until they felt they were neglecting their duty They waited until they became worried that something was wrong and it was their duty to open the doors to their king’s private room.
|
||||
JDG 3 25 e1jf 0 took the key and opened them “took the key and opened the doors”
|
||||
JDG 3 26 r2ig figs-events 0 While the servants were waiting … Ehud escaped This tells what happened before the servants opened the doors to the upper room and found the king dead. Alternate translation: “Meanwhile, as the servants were still waiting outside of the upper room … Ehud escaped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
|
||||
JDG 3 26 x36q translate-names 0 Seirah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 27 zet1 figs-ellipsis 0 When he arrived This could be made clearer. Alternate translation: “When he arrived in Seirah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 3 28 s9y4 0 General Information: Ehud speaks to the people of Israel in Ephraim.
|
||||
JDG 3 28 ax6h figs-metaphor 0 for Yahweh is about to defeat your enemies Yahweh helping the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight and defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 3 28 i3vy 0 captured the fords “gained control of the fords”
|
||||
JDG 3 28 k9q1 0 fords the areas of a river where it is shallow and easy to walk across to the other side
|
||||
JDG 3 28 uf81 0 did not allow anyone to cross “did not let anyone cross”
|
||||
JDG 3 29 jjy8 translate-numbers 0 ten thousand men “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 3 29 e6ge 0 capable men “able men” or “men able to fight well”
|
||||
JDG 3 30 ch1z figs-activepassive 0 Moab was subdued by the strength of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelite army defeated the Moabites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 3 30 par9 figs-metonymy 0 the strength of Israel Here “strength” represents the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 3 30 w1xr figs-metonymy 0 the land had rest Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 3 30 dln1 translate-numbers 0 eighty years “80 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 3 31 psq1 0 judge God appointed judges to lead the people of Israel in times of trouble after they entered the Promised Land and before they had kings. Often judges rescued the Israelites from their enemies.
|
||||
JDG 3 31 xdh8 translate-names 0 Shamgar The name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 31 uz68 translate-names 0 Anath The name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 3 31 f6s9 translate-numbers 0 600 men “six hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 3 31 z3lr 0 a stick used to goad cattle Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. AT “a stick used to urge cattle to move” or “a stick used to direct cattle”
|
||||
JDG 3 31 n8z3 figs-metonymy 0 He also delivered Israel from danger The word “danger” refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 4 intro pjw5 0 # Judges 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>Chapters 4 and 5 form one section about Barak and Deborah.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Barak’s leadership<br><br>At this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a military leader. Barak lacked the strength to go into battle without Deborah. This indicates that Barak was a poor leader. If a woman won the battle for him, it would have brought Barak shame. It also indicates that Deborah was very well respected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 4 1 h4q7 0 Ehud See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 1 aq65 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 4 2 yj14 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan Here “hand” refers to Jabin’s power over Israel. Yahweh’s decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 4 2 i943 translate-names 0 Jabin … Sisera These are the names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 2 fk1t translate-names 0 Hazor … Harosheth Haggoyim These are the names of cities or places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 3 ftq8 translate-numbers 0 nine hundred iron chariots “900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 4 3 k27q 0 twenty years “20 years”
|
||||
JDG 4 4 e7xn writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Deborah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 4 4 nnu6 translate-names 0 Deborah This is the name of a woman (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 4 gru6 translate-names 0 Lappidoth This is the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 4 lj93 0 judge God appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies.
|
||||
JDG 4 5 uy3x 0 palm of Deborah This tree was named after Deborah.
|
||||
JDG 4 6 b5l8 translate-names 0 General Information: The writer of Judges refers to men, a city, a mountain, and a river by their names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 6 ehp5 translate-names 0 Barak … Abinoam These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 6 yn83 translate-names 0 Mount Tabor This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 6 vi2x translate-numbers 0 ten thousand men “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 4 7 rm5r 0 I will draw out Here “I” refers to God.
|
||||
JDG 4 7 mmc1 figs-synecdoche 0 draw out Sisera Here “Sisera” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “draw out Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 4 7 hl3v 0 draw out to cause people to come away from a safe location
|
||||
JDG 4 7 k3na 0 Sisera … Jabin See how you translated these men’s names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 7 sue6 translate-names 0 Kishon This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 8 qr6v 0 General Information: Barak has a discussion with Deborah.
|
||||
JDG 4 8 b27v 0 Barak See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 9 y6ww figs-metaphor 0 the road on which you are going will not lead to your honor The choice Barak makes is spoken of as if Barak were choosing a road on which to travel. And, “honor” is spoken of as if it were a destination to which one travels. Alternate translation: “no one will honor you for what you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 4 9 v8ri figs-metonymy 0 for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman Here “hand” refers to her power to kill him. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 4 9 msw7 0 Sisera See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 9 bi9q 0 Deborah See how you translated this woman’s name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 10 g69f translate-numbers 0 Ten thousand men “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 4 11 wq16 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Heber the Kenite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 4 11 fty7 translate-names 0 Heber … Hobab These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 11 aup8 0 Kenite See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md)
|
||||
JDG 4 11 jez1 0 Moses’ father-in-law “the father of Moses’ wife”
|
||||
JDG 4 11 y5mf translate-names 0 Zaanannim This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 12 rkt1 0 When they told Sisera Here “they” does not identify anyone specifically. Alternate translation: “When someone told Sisera”
|
||||
JDG 4 12 dcw1 0 Sisera See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 12 i2cf 0 Barak … Abinoam … Mount Tabor See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 13 r3xw figs-metonymy 0 Sisera called out all his chariots Here “chariots” represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 4 13 avt4 translate-numbers 0 nine hundred iron chariots “900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 4 13 x4xy 0 Harosheth Haggoyim See how you translated the name of this city in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 13 a7q6 0 Kishon River See how you translated this in [Judges 4:7](../04/07.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 14 pb3b figs-pastforfuture 0 Yahweh has given you victory Because Deborah is certain of victory, she speaks as if Barak had already won the battle. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give you victory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
JDG 4 14 r1ph figs-rquestion 0 Is not Yahweh leading you? Deborah asks this question to remind Barak that they fight on the side of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Remember, Yahweh is leading you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 4 14 fv1q translate-numbers 0 with ten thousand “with 10,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 4 15 t5qj 0 Yahweh confused Sisera and all his chariots and all his army “Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army unable to think clearly” or “Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army panic”
|
||||
JDG 4 15 u8qh figs-metonymy 0 all his chariots Here the word “chariots” is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate translation: “all the men driving chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 4 16 qj43 figs-synecdoche 0 Barak pursued Here “Barak” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers chased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 4 16 ce5l 0 Harosheth Translate this the same way you did in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 16 x3gk figs-synecdoche 0 the whole army of Sisera was killed by the edge of the sword Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers killed Sisera’s whole army with their swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 4 17 ayi3 0 Sisera … Jabin … Hazor See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 17 h17w figs-idiom 0 ran away on foot This is an idiom that means he was walking rather than riding a horse or in a chariot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 4 17 mp3u translate-names 0 Jael This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 4 17 s2ne 0 Heber See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 17 kwu8 0 Kenite See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||
JDG 4 18 k8b1 figs-explicit 0 Turn aside This means to change course during a journey in order to rest. Alternate translation: “Come here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 4 18 u5k9 0 blanket a large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins
|
||||
JDG 4 19 cn6j 0 He said to her “Sisera said to Jael”
|
||||
JDG 4 21 ctd6 0 tent peg a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent
|
||||
JDG 4 21 i8q2 0 hammer a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground
|
||||
JDG 4 21 lvc4 figs-metaphor 0 a deep sleep Like a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 4 22 n7wq 0 Barak was pursuing “Barak was chasing” or “Barak was following after”
|
||||
JDG 4 23 xzh1 figs-metaphor 0 God defeated Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the people of Israel God causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 4 24 y25t 0 The might “The military power”
|
||||
JDG 4 24 zcb9 figs-synecdoche 0 they destroyed him Here “him” refers to Jabin who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they destroyed Jabin and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 intro jgd9 0 # Judges 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Deborah and Barak continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations prefer to set apart quotations, prayers, and songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of Chapter 5, which is a song, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### The flood<br><br>God caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban’s chariots making<br>them vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 1 w7ex figs-explicit 0 On that day The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “On the day the Israelites defeated the army of King Jabin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 1 pfq9 0 Deborah See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 1 l3sj 0 Barak … Abinoam See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 2 s181 0 when the people gladly volunteer for war “when the men agree to fight in battle”
|
||||
JDG 5 3 awd4 writing-poetry 0 General Information: Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
JDG 5 3 hs8j figs-apostrophe 0 Listen, you kings! Pay attention, you leaders Deborah and Barak speak to the kings and leaders as if they were there listening to the song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
|
||||
JDG 5 3 cbt1 0 you kings … you leaders This refers to kings and leaders in general, not to specific kings or leaders.
|
||||
JDG 5 4 f5pu figs-metaphor 0 when you went out from Seir, when you marched from Edom This refers to the time when the Israelites left Edom to start conquering the people in Canaan. Yahweh empowering his people to defeat the people of Canaan is spoken of as if he were a warrior leading the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 4 vj7e translate-names 0 Seir Seir is a mountain on the border of the land of Israel and Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 5 4 hw54 figs-metaphor 0 the earth shook, and the skies also trembled; also the clouds poured down water This could mean: (1) this is poetic language that emphasizes Yahweh’s power by describing it as causing earthquakes and storms or (2) the people of Canaan being terrified as the Israelites were about to attack them is spoken of as if the earth and sky were shaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 5 db6h writing-poetry 0 General Information: Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
JDG 5 5 p4qp figs-personification 0 The mountains quaked This probably refers to earthquakes and gives the impression that the mountains quaked because they were very afraid of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “The mountains trembled in fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 5 d62l figs-metonymy 0 before the face of Yahweh Here “face” refers Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 5 wuf5 figs-explicit 0 even Mount Sinai quaked When Moses and Israel were at Mount Sinai, it quaked. Alternate translation: “long ago, even Mount Sinai quaked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 6 he9e 0 In the days of “During the lifetime of”
|
||||
JDG 5 6 asi7 translate-names 0 Shamgar … Anath … Jael These are the names of people. See how you translated Shamgar and Anath in [Judges 3:31](../03/31.md) and Jael in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 5 6 rw34 writing-background 0 son of Anath Shamgar’s father is mentioned to help identify Shamgar and when he lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 5 6 ki5e figs-activepassive 0 the main roads were abandoned This can be stated in active form and you can make explicit why the roads were abandoned Alternate translation: “people stopped using the main roads; because they were afraid of Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 6 i6j5 0 the winding paths This refers to smaller roads that fewer people traveled on.
|
||||
JDG 5 7 n27x figs-metaphor 0 I, Deborah, arose—arose as a mother in Israel Deborah speaks of becoming a leader in Israel as if she were a mother taking care of young children. Alternate translation: “I, Deborah, began to lead—I took care of the Israelites as a mother takes care of her children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 8 mxk4 figs-explicit 0 they chose new gods The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel worshiped new gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 8 duj5 figs-synecdoche 0 there was fighting at the city gates Here “gates” represents the entire city. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “enemies attacked the people within the Israelite cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 8 v83h figs-hyperbole 0 there were no shields or spears seen among forty thousand in Israel This statement is probably an exaggeration about how few weapons the Israelites had. Alternate translation: “few weapons for battle remained in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 5 8 dl2n translate-numbers 0 forty thousand in Israel “40,000 in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 5 9 u5zy figs-metonymy 0 My heart goes out to the commanders of Israel The word “heart” represents a person’s emotions. The phrase “My heart goes out to” is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate translation: “I appreciate the commanders of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 5 10 dt2p figs-merism 0 you who ride on white donkeys … you who walk along the road This contrast probably refers to rich people and poor people. Alternate translation: “you rich people who ride on white donkeys … you poor people who walk along the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
JDG 5 10 vf24 0 sitting on rugs for saddles These rugs were probably used as saddles on the donkey’s back to make the rider more comfortable.
|
||||
JDG 5 11 v16w 0 General Information: The song of Deborah and Barak continues.
|
||||
JDG 5 11 v4bj figs-synecdoche 0 Hear the voices of those Here “voices” represents the people singing. Alternate translation: “Listen to those” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 11 f6il figs-synecdoche 0 went down to the city gates Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “returned to their cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 12 q8vl writing-poetry 0 General Information: Deborah and Barak’s song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
JDG 5 12 de7e 0 Awake, awake Possible speakers are: (1) the people of Israel or (2) Deborah who is speaking to herself or (3) the poet who wrote the song.
|
||||
JDG 5 12 jc43 0 Deborah See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 12 qc51 0 Barak … Abinoam See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 13 tl3e 0 to me with the warriors The word “me” refers to Deborah.
|
||||
JDG 5 14 e478 figs-metaphor 0 from Ephraim, whose root is in Amalek The people of Ephraim living in the land where the descendants of Amalek originally lived is spoken of as if the people of Ephraim were planted and their roots grew into the land. Alternate translation: “from Ephraim, that land where the descendants of Amalek once lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 14 k3ph figs-you 0 followed you Here “you” refers to the people of Ephraim. It can be stated in third person. Alternate translation: “followed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JDG 5 14 yna1 translate-names 0 Machir This is the place where the descendants of Machir live. Machir was the son of Manasseh and the grandson of Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 5 14 rl91 figs-metonymy 0 from Zebulun those who carry an officer’s staff Military leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate translation: “military leaders from Zebulun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 15 ruv4 figs-123person 0 My princes in Issachar were with Deborah Here “My” refers to Deborah. This whole statement can be translated in first person. Alternate translation: “My princes in Issachar were with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JDG 5 15 w1en 0 Deborah See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 15 sn4n figs-metonymy 0 Issachar was with Barak Here “Issachar” refers to the tribe of Issachar. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Issachar was with Barak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 15 yt1t 0 Barak See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 15 z2wa 0 rushing after him into the valley under his command “obeying his command and rushing after him into the valley”
|
||||
JDG 5 15 u31z 0 rushing after “following after” or “hurrying after”
|
||||
JDG 5 15 sdi1 figs-metonymy 0 there were great searchings of heart Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate translation: “there was a lot of discussing about what they should do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 16 wc6c figs-rquestion 0 Why did you sit between the fireplaces, listening to the shepherds playing their pipes for their flocks? This question is asked to criticize the people of Reuben because they did not decide to come fight in the battle. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have helped us fight, instead of staying at home and listening to the shepherds playing their pipes for their flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 16 xdd2 0 the fireplaces Some versions of the Bible have the translation “the sheepfolds” or “the sheep pens.”
|
||||
JDG 5 16 jg14 figs-metonymy 0 there were great searchings of heart Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in [Judges 5:15](../05/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 pg1n figs-metonymy 0 Gilead stayed Here “Gilead” the men from Gilead who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Gilead stayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 zwj6 figs-explicit 0 the other side of the Jordan This refers to the east side of the Jordan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 l6vz figs-rquestion 0 Dan, why did he wander about on ships? This question is asked to express anger because the people of the tribe of Dan would not fight for Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan should not have remained on their ships!” or “the people of the tribe of Dan did not help us in the battle. Instead they were wandering around on the sea in ships!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 wn8k figs-metonymy 0 Dan, why did he Here “Dan” represents the men from Dan who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan, why did they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 wy1c figs-explicit 0 wander about on ships The tribe of Dan was located near the Mediterranean sea. They sailed on the sea to make money through trade and fishing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 q466 figs-explicit 0 Asher remained on the coast and lived close to his harbors The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of the tribe of Asher also failed to help us, they just remained on the coast near their harbors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 hk9v figs-metonymy 0 Asher remained Here “Asher” represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Asher remained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 17 s37f 0 harbors places at the seacoast with deeper water where ships were kept
|
||||
JDG 5 18 iq38 figs-ellipsis 0 Naphtali, also You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “Naphtali was a tribe who would also risk their lives to the point of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 5 19 klr4 figs-synecdoche 0 The kings came, they fought … the kings of Canaan fought The king of a people group is used to refer to himself and the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The kings and their armies came and fought … the kings of Canaan and their armies fought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 19 qh9s figs-ellipsis 0 they fought … fought The word “us” is understood. Alternate translation: “they fought us … fought us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 5 19 bwx4 0 Taanach … Megiddo Translate the names of these places as you did in [Judges 1:27](../01/27.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 19 jn5l figs-synecdoche 0 no silver as plunder Here “silver” represents any treasure in general. Alternate translation: “no silver or other treasures as plunder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 19 lin6 0 plunder things taken by force, usually in battle or by thieves
|
||||
JDG 5 20 uwf8 figs-personification 0 From heaven the stars fought, from their paths across the heavens they fought against Sisera Yahweh helping the Israelite to defeat Sisera and his army is spoken of as if the stars themselves fought against Sisera and his army. This may refer to Yahweh using natural elements, specifically rain storms, to defeat Sisera. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 5 20 r9rm figs-synecdoche 0 against Sisera Here “Sisera” represents himself and his whole army. Alternate translation: “Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 20 ac6p 0 Sisera See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 21 yn1b figs-explicit 0 The Kishon River swept them away Because of the heavy rain the river flooded quickly causing the chariots to be stuck in the mud and drowning many soldiers. Alternate translation: “The Kishon River flooded and swept away Sisera’s soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 21 h8ac 0 Kishon See how you translated this in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 21 je12 figs-synecdoche 0 March on my soul, be strong Here “soul” refers to the whole person. The word “my” refers to Deborah. Alternate translation: “I tell myself to march on and to be strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 22 wx9v figs-explicit 0 Then came the sound of horses’ hooves—galloping, the galloping of his mighty ones This describes the sound of many horses running away from the battle. Alternate translation: “Then I heard the sound of horses running away. Sisera’s mighty horses were running away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 22 n754 0 galloping runninb quickly
|
||||
JDG 5 23 gg5n figs-metonymy 0 Curse Meroz Here “Meroz” represents the people who lived there. Alternate translation: “Curse the people of Meroz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 23 cdl6 translate-names 0 Meroz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 5 24 n5q6 0 Jael See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 24 r37w 0 Heber See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 24 jve5 0 Kenite Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 25 a4wl 0 brought him butter Here “butter” refers to curdled milk. This was the best milk and a favorite drink among Jael’s people. Alternate translation: “brought him yogurt” or “brought him curds”
|
||||
JDG 5 25 viu5 figs-explicit 0 a dish fit for princes This phrase means the dish was of the best quality because princes were given the best things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 5 26 k8d2 0 She put her hand to the tent peg “Jael grabbed the tent peg with her left hand”
|
||||
JDG 5 26 iyf8 0 tent peg This is a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 26 c1yp figs-ellipsis 0 her right hand to the workman’s hammer This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “she grabbed a hammer with her right hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 5 26 va7c 0 hammer This is a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 26 hkm3 0 Sisera See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 5 27 e9gf 0 limp without strength or movement
|
||||
JDG 5 27 ezv3 figs-activepassive 0 he was violently killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she killed him” or “he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 5 28 duq1 0 the lattice This is a frame in the window made of crossed wood.
|
||||
JDG 5 28 mw4d figs-parallelism 0 Why has it taken his chariot so long to come? Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots been delayed? Both of these questions mean the same thing. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “Why is it taking Sisera so long to arrive home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 5 28 k2dy figs-metonymy 0 taken his chariot … Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots Both of these represent Sisera. Alternate translation: “taken Sisera … Why has he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 29 xa2n 0 wisest princesses A “princess” is the daughter of a king, but a “princess” can also mean female advisers to the king’s family. Alternate translation: “wisest ladies”
|
||||
JDG 5 29 mw32 0 she gave herself the same answer “she said to herself the same thing”
|
||||
JDG 5 30 l98i figs-rquestion 0 Have they not found and divided up the plunder—a womb … plunder? The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “They must have so much plunder that it is taking a long time to divide it. They have … plunder.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 5 30 cw6v figs-rquestion 0 a womb, two wombs for every man … of those who plunder? The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “There must be a womb, two wombs for every man … of those who plunder.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 5 30 xgr7 figs-synecdoche 0 a womb, two wombs for every man Here “womb” represents a woman. Sisera’s mother believes Sisera’s men have captured many women. Alternate translation: “Each soldier will receive a woman or two” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 30 p9nz 0 dyed fabric “colored cloth” or “colored clothes”
|
||||
JDG 5 30 zp9h 0 embroidered having designs made of colored threads
|
||||
JDG 5 30 yg2c figs-synecdoche 0 for the necks of those who plunder Here “necks” represents Sisera’s soldiers. Alternate translation: “for the soldiers who plunder to wear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 5 31 bi4x figs-simile 0 like the sun when it rises in its might The people of Israel wish to be like the sun that rises because no nation’s army is powerful enough to stop the sunrise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 5 31 q1yt figs-metonymy 0 the land had peace Here “the land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and the people of Israel lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 5 31 mw3u translate-numbers 0 for forty years “for 40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 6 intro p5sj 0 # Judges 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section about Gideon. (Chapters 6-8)<br><br>### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s punishment<br>In Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])
|
||||
JDG 6 1 ht3z figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 6 1 l9nl figs-metonymy 0 the hand of Midian Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Also, “hand” represents control. Alternate translation: “the control of the people of Midian” or “the control of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 2 bs4z figs-metonymy 0 The power of Midian oppressed Israel Here “the power of Midian” refers to the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “The people of Midian were more powerful than the people of Israel and they oppressed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 2 pl5z 0 dens places in the rocky cliffs that would provide shelter
|
||||
JDG 6 4 zcp1 0 They would set up their army “The army would encamp” or “The army would set up their tents”
|
||||
JDG 6 5 i2ld 0 Whenever they and their livestock and tents came up The land of Midian was south of the land of Israel, near the Red Sea. It was common to use the phrase “came up” when speaking of traveling from Midian to Israel. Alternate translation: “Whenever the Midianites brought their livestock and tents to the land of Israel”
|
||||
JDG 6 5 e5sl figs-simile 0 they would come as a swarm of locusts The Midianites are compared to a swarm of locusts because they came in with a great number of people and their livestock ate everything that grew. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 6 5 ra2i figs-hyperbole 0 it was impossible to count This is an exaggeration, a hyperbole, showing the number is very great. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 6 6 eg3l figs-metonymy 0 Midian weakened Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 6 lcc3 figs-idiom 0 called out to Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 7 z7sa figs-idiom 0 called out to Yahweh This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 7 r2ej figs-metonymy 0 because of Midian Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “because of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 8 q22q 0 I brought you up from Egypt “I led you out of Egypt”
|
||||
JDG 6 8 h336 figs-metaphor 0 the house of slavery Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 6 9 ue1t figs-metonymy 0 from the hand In this phrase “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 10 ne4s figs-metonymy 0 obeyed my voice - Here “my voice” represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “obeyed my command” or “obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 11 sex8 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
|
||||
JDG 6 11 r6sg translate-names 0 Ophrah This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 6 11 iz4d translate-names 0 Abiezrite This is a people group named after their ancestor Abiezer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 6 11 y3ww 0 was separating out the wheat by beating it on the floor This is a process called “threshing.” Gideon was beating the wheat against the floor to separate the wheat grain from the rest of the wheat plant.
|
||||
JDG 6 12 fe5w 0 appeared to him “went to him”
|
||||
JDG 6 13 as35 0 my master Gideon uses the word “master” as a polite way to greet a stranger. He does not realize he is speaking to Yahweh in the form of an angel or a man.
|
||||
JDG 6 13 in9x figs-rquestion 0 Where are all his wonderful deeds that our fathers told us about, when they said, ‘Did not Yahweh bring us up from Egypt?’ Gideon uses a question to challenge the stranger’s statement that Yahweh was with him. Also, the direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “We have not seen any wonderful deeds like the ones our fathers told us about when Yahweh brought them up from Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
JDG 6 13 e2k9 figs-idiom 0 gave us into the hand of Midian The phrase “gave us into” means Yahweh allowed the Israelites to be defeated. Alternate translation: “allowed the Midianites to defeat us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 13 vi7e figs-metonymy 0 gave us into the hand Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 13 buc4 figs-metonymy 0 of Midian Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 14 n2w1 0 Yahweh looked at him “Yahweh looked at Gideon”
|
||||
JDG 6 14 kx2t figs-metonymy 0 from the hand Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 14 wuu9 figs-metonymy 0 of Midian Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 14 zs9h figs-rquestion 0 Have I not sent you? Yahweh uses a question to ensure Gideon that he is sending him. Here “sent” means Yahweh has appointed Gideon with a specific task. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am sending you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 6 15 w5e8 0 Please, Lord Gideon now calls the person “Lord” instead of “my master” as in [Judges 6:13](../06/13.md). Here it seems Gideon either knows or suspects that he is speaking with Yahweh.
|
||||
JDG 6 15 wn75 figs-rquestion 0 how can I deliver Israel? Gideon uses a question to emphasize that he does not think he can rescue the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly rescue the Israelites!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 6 15 gpv8 0 See, my family “Look at my family and me and you will see that it”
|
||||
JDG 6 15 gp6c 0 in Manasseh “in the tribe of Manasseh”
|
||||
JDG 6 15 tw55 figs-metonymy 0 in my father’s house Here “house” represents a family. Alternate translation: “in my father’s family” or “in my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 16 p1xa figs-idiom 0 I will be with you Here “be with you” is an idiom that means Yahweh will help and bless Gideon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 16 fhe8 figs-explicit 0 as one man You can state the full meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “as easily as if you were fighting only one man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 6 18 ngy5 0 set it before you “place it in front of you”
|
||||
JDG 6 19 kmz6 translate-bvolume 0 from an ephah of flour If it is necessary to use a modern measurement; here is one way of doing it. Alternate translation: “with 22 liters of flour” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
|
||||
JDG 6 19 c4pf 0 broth water that has had food, such as meat, cooked in it
|
||||
JDG 6 19 r55k 0 them to him “them to the angel of God”
|
||||
JDG 6 20 u9cs 0 angel of God This is the same as the angel of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “God, who was in the form of an angel” or “God”
|
||||
JDG 6 21 ggc2 0 angel of Yahweh In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 21 x8t9 0 went away “disappeared”
|
||||
JDG 6 22 x6iw 0 angel of Yahweh In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 22 l2pp figs-exclamations 0 Ah, Lord Yahweh! The word “Ah” here shows that Gideon was very frightened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
|
||||
JDG 6 22 c1kt figs-idiom 0 seen the angel of Yahweh face to face This phrase refers to two people being close to each other. Alternate translation: “really seen the angel of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 23 b3ha figs-explicit 0 Yahweh said to him Apparently Yahweh spoke to Gideon from heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 6 24 s81y 0 To this day This means to the time when the book of Judges was written.
|
||||
JDG 6 24 y4ya 0 Ophrah Translate the name of this town as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 24 w4kn 0 the clan of Abiezer Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 25 h71y translate-ordinal 0 a second bull The word “second” is the ordinal number for “two.” Alternate translation: “another bull” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
JDG 6 25 n1rh 0 that is beside it “that is beside the altar of Baal”
|
||||
JDG 6 26 tj4p 0 on the top of this place of refuge The city of Ophrah was on top of a hill. Israelites fled there for refuge from the Midianites.
|
||||
JDG 6 26 gvr9 0 construct it the correct way “place the stones in an orderly manner” or “and build it properly”
|
||||
JDG 6 27 xp8k 0 did as Yahweh had told him This refers to Yahweh’s command in [Judges 6:25-26](./25.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 28 mii1 0 got up “got up out of bed” or “woke up”
|
||||
JDG 6 28 i5zb figs-activepassive 0 the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah that was beside it was cut down, and the second bull had been offered on the altar that had been built This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they noticed that someone had broken down the altar of Baal, cut down the Asherah that was beside it, and built an altar and sacrificed the second bull on it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 6 30 r7h5 figs-activepassive 0 he may be put to death This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we may kill him as punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 6 31 jw4v figs-rquestion 0 Will you plead the case for Baal? Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to defend a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to defend Baal.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 6 31 xk3a 0 plead the case “make a defense” or “give an excuse”
|
||||
JDG 6 31 n471 figs-rquestion 0 Will you save him? Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to rescue a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to save Baal.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 6 32 j4wk translate-names 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 6 32 q44c 0 because he said “because Joash said”
|
||||
JDG 6 33 ual5 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
|
||||
JDG 6 33 eu5d figs-explicit 0 gathered together The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “gathered together as an army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 6 34 d9eb figs-idiom 0 came over Gideon This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “took control of Gideon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 6 34 sz1y 0 clan of Abiezer Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 6 34 zxl8 figs-ellipsis 0 so they might follow him The words “to battle” are understood. Alternate translation: “so they might follow him to battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 6 35 sy9t figs-activepassive 0 and they too, were called out to follow him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “calling them out to follow him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 6 35 qb25 figs-metonymy 0 to Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali These all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate translation: “to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 6 37 uf1b 0 woolen fleece the woolly coat of a sheep
|
||||
JDG 6 37 qz5z 0 dew water that forms on plants during the night
|
||||
JDG 6 37 s8ri figs-explicit 0 then I will know that you will The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “this will be a sign from you, and then I will know that you will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 6 38 cs87 0 Gideon rose “Gideon got out of bed”
|
||||
JDG 6 38 ub6l 0 wrung twist and squeeze something to remove water
|
||||
JDG 7 intro q545 0 # Judges 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Gideon continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God gets all of the credit<br><br>God said, “There are too many soldiers for me to give you victory over the Midianites. Make sure that Israel will not boast against me, saying, ‘Our own power has saved us.’” By lowering the number of fighting soldiers, it emphasizes that the victory is achieved through God’s power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]])
|
||||
JDG 7 1 u963 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 7 1 se4n 0 they encamped “they set up their camp”
|
||||
JDG 7 1 q9lu translate-names 0 spring of Harod … hill of Moreh These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 7 1 w8xb figs-metonymy 0 The camp of Midian was to their north Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. Alternate translation: “The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 7 2 ja78 figs-abstractnouns 0 for me to give you victory over the Midianites The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “for me to allow you to defeat the Midianites” or “for me to cause you to be victorious over the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 7 2 ww36 figs-metonymy 0 Our own power has saved us Here “power” represents the people themselves. Alternate translation: “We have saved ourselves without God’s help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 i31q 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
JDG 7 3 ahw6 figs-synecdoche 0 proclaim in the ears of the people Here “the ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “proclaim to the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 gt6x figs-parallelism 0 Whoever is afraid, whoever trembles Both of these phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 h7mv 0 trembles This word describes fear that causes a person to uncontrollably shake. Alternate translation: “shakes with fear”
|
||||
JDG 7 3 m53a figs-explicit 0 let him return You can make explicit where he will go. Alternate translation: “let him return to his home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 iup9 translate-names 0 Mount Gilead This is the name of a mountain in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 s1sd translate-numbers 0 twenty-two thousand “22,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 wn6f figs-ellipsis 0 ten thousand remained The word “people” or “men” is understood. Alternate translation: “10,000 people remained” or “10,000 men remained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 7 3 z1zr translate-numbers 0 ten thousand “10,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 4 t9yd figs-metonymy 0 I will make their number smaller for you there Here “number” represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 7 5 iem1 figs-go 0 Gideon brought The word “brought” can be translated as “took” or “led.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
||||
JDG 7 5 w69s 0 laps to drink by licking with the tongue
|
||||
JDG 7 6 ae7k translate-numbers 0 Three hundred men “300 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 7 e8uv translate-numbers 0 three hundred men “300 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 7 gk97 figs-you 0 I will rescue you and give you victory Here “you” is plural and refers to Gideon and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JDG 7 8 j7gy figs-activepassive 0 So those who were chosen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So those whom Yahweh chose” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 7 8 u2nh 0 took their supplies and their trumpets Here “their” refers to the Israelite soldiers who were leaving the army.
|
||||
JDG 7 8 cx8b 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
|
||||
JDG 7 9 u84q figs-metonymy 0 Attack the camp, for I am going to give you victory over it Here “camp” refers to the whole Midianite army. The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them” or “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 7 10 xqh7 figs-ellipsis 0 afraid to go down You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “afraid to go down to attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 7 10 u4w3 translate-names 0 Purah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 7 11 j99j figs-activepassive 0 your courage will be strengthened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what you hear will be encourage you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 7 11 wv5r 0 guard posts places around the edge of an area where soldiers stand to watch for an enemy army
|
||||
JDG 7 12 r5ww figs-simile 0 as thick as a cloud of locusts Here “cloud” means a swarm. The author speaks of the army as if it were a swarm of locusts to emphasize how many soldiers there were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 7 12 zt6s figs-hyperbole 0 Their camels were more … in number than the grains of the sand on the seashore The author uses a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that there were very many camels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 7 12 d37k figs-activepassive 0 Their camels were more than could be counted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Their camels were more than anyone could count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 7 14 yg52 figs-metonymy 0 This is nothing other than the sword of Gideon Here “the sword of Gideon” refers to Gideon’s army attacking. Alternate translation: “The loaf of barley bread in your dream must be the army of Gideon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 7 14 v4e2 figs-pastforfuture 0 God has given him victory over Midian This future event is spoken of as if it were a past event. This emphasizes that it will certainly happen. Alternate translation: “God will certainly help the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
JDG 7 16 xjf2 translate-numbers 0 three hundred men “300 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 18 rj9w figs-explicit 0 For Yahweh and for Gideon! The words “we fight” are implied. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 7 19 cxa7 translate-numbers 0 hundred men “100 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 19 wba7 0 right at the beginning of the middle watch The beginning of the middle watch would be around 10 o’clock at night.
|
||||
JDG 7 20 zfw1 figs-metonymy 0 The sword of Yahweh and of Gideon Here “sword” refers to their fighting. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 7 22 nw1r translate-numbers 0 three hundred trumpets “300 trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 7 22 nk36 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh set every Midianite man’s sword against his comrades Here “sword” refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused every Midianite man to fight against his fellow soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 7 22 rv5b translate-names 0 Beth Shittah … Zererah … Abel Meholah … Tabbath These are the names of towns and cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 7 23 u5e9 figs-activepassive 0 The men of Israel from Naphtali, Asher, and all Manasseh were called out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Gideon called out the Israelites from the tribes of Naphtali, Asher, and all Mannasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 7 24 js9y translate-names 0 Beth Barah This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 7 24 u7ze 0 took control of the waters, as far as Beth Barah and the Jordan River “took control of the area of the Jordan River as far south as Beth Barah”
|
||||
JDG 7 25 hn84 figs-explicit 0 at the rock of Oreb … at the winepress of Zeeb The places were given these names after the Israelites killed Oreb and Zeeb there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 7 25 rvj8 translate-names 0 Oreb … Zeeb These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 intro zh95 0 # Judges 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Gideon concludes in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Succoth’s refusal to help Gideon<br>The men of Succoth feared the Midianites more than Gideon. This is why they refused to help Gideon. By allying themselves with the Midianites, they aligned themselves against Yahweh. Because of this, Gideon treated them like he treated the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Gideon refuses to be king<br><br>Gideon said to them, “I will not rule over you, neither will my son rule over you. Yahweh will rule over you.” Although the book of Deuteronomy anticipates a king in Israel, it was sinful for Israel to desire to have a king. He did though take a share of everyone’s plunder as a king would have done through taxes. This may serve as a warning to Israel about their desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
JDG 8 1 sea3 figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done to us? The people of the tribe of Ephraim were rebuking Gideon with this rhetorical question for not including them in his army. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not treated us fairly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 1 f8fy figs-metonymy 0 against Midian Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 1 whc1 0 they had a violent argument with him they argued angrily with him” or “they rebuked him severely”
|
||||
JDG 8 2 xg1a 0 General Information: Gideon replies to the men from Ephraim.
|
||||
JDG 8 2 wpi2 figs-rquestion 0 What have I done now compared to you? Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “I have done very little compared with what you have done!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 2 xg8b figs-rquestion 0 Are not the gleanings of Ephraim’s grapes better than the full grape harvest of Abiezer? Gideon was calming the people of Ephraim with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “Certainly the grapes you people of Ephraim gleaned are better than what we the descendants of Abiezer gathered from the whole harvest!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 2 i6yr figs-rquestion 0 Are not the gleanings of Ephraim’s grapes better than the full grape harvest of Abiezer? Gideon and his army defeating the Medianites is spoken of as if it were a grape harvest. The people of Ephraim killing Oreb and Zeeb at the end of the battle is spoken of as if they were gleaning grapes at the end of the harvest. Alternate translation: “What you people of Ephraim did at the end of the battle is more important than what we descendants of Abiezer did at the beginning.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 8 2 rr59 figs-metonymy 0 Abiezer This is the name of one of Gideon’s ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer’s descendants and their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 3 x1xa 0 Oreb and Zeeb See how you translated these names in [Judges 7:25](../07/25.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 3 bi55 figs-rquestion 0 What have I accomplished compared to you? Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have done is more important than what I have done.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 3 riv2 0 died down “became less”
|
||||
JDG 8 4 f6yp translate-numbers 0 the three hundred men “the 300 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 4 s9yv figs-abstractnouns 0 kept up the pursuit The word “pursuit,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “continued to chase their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 8 5 zt2q translate-names 0 Zebah and Zalmunna These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 6 l71p figs-rquestion 0 Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in your hand? The leaders use a question to emphasize that the Israelites have not yet captured Zebah and Zalumnna. Alternate translation: “You have not captured Zebah and Zalmunna yet.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 6 aw3g figs-synecdoche 0 Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna Here “hands” refer to the whole body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 6 bn4x figs-metonymy 0 now in your hand Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 6 k3em figs-rquestion 0 Why should we give bread to your army? The leaders use a question to emphasize that they have no reason to give bread to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “We see no reason to give bread to your army.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 8 7 gwp6 figs-explicit 0 I will tear your skin with the desert thorns and briers The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will make whips out of desert thorns and briers and use them to beat you and cut you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 8 7 j77m 0 thorns and briers sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals
|
||||
JDG 8 8 bi3x figs-synecdoche 0 He went up from there Here “He” refers to Gideon. Gideon represents himself and the soldiers following him. Alternate translation: “They left there” or “Gideon and his 300 men left there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 8 ikw7 translate-names 0 Peniel The name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 8 ak91 figs-ellipsis 0 spoke to the people there in the same way You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “asked for food there in the same way” or “he also asked them for food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
||||
JDG 8 9 y4qf figs-euphemism 0 When I come again in peace This is a polite way of referring to the defeat of his enemies. Alternate translation: “After I have completely defeated the Midian army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 8 9 nth4 figs-synecdoche 0 I will pull down this tower Here “I” refers to Gideon and represents himself and his men. Alternate translation: “My men and I will pull down this tower” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 10 nfu6 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
|
||||
JDG 8 10 tli8 0 Zebah and Zalmunna See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 10 vw38 translate-names 0 Karkor This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 10 bh2j translate-numbers 0 fifteen thousand men “15,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 10 p2iw figs-euphemism 0 had fallen This is a polite way of referring to people who died in battle. Alternate translation: “had been killed” or “had died in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 8 10 j3dk translate-numbers 0 120,000 men “one hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 10 mz6t figs-metonymy 0 men who drew the sword Here drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. This could mean: (1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate translation: “swordsmen” or “men who fought with swords” or (2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate translation: “soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 11 t81p figs-synecdoche 0 Gideon went up Here “Gideon” represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers went up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 11 y551 figs-synecdoche 0 He defeated Here “He” refers to Gideon and represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers defeated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 11 jbu9 translate-names 0 Nobah and Jogbehah These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 12 dmu9 0 Zebah and Zalmunna See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 12 if5y 0 panic extreme fear or worry that makes someone unable to think or act normally
|
||||
JDG 8 13 w2l7 translate-names 0 the pass of Heres This is the name of a road that passes between two mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 14 a6z2 figs-explicit 0 questioned him It can be stated explicitly what Gideon asked the young man. Alternate translation: “he asked him to identify all the names of the leaders in the town” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 8 14 l2rr translate-numbers 0 seventy-seven officials “77 officials” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 15 buj3 0 Zebah and Zalmunna See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 15 bnf8 figs-rquestion 0 Have you already conquered Zebah and Zalmunna? Gideon quotes the people of Succoth as using a question to mock him. Alternate translation: “You have not yet conquered Zebah and Zalmunna.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 8 16 ct8g figs-synecdoche 0 Gideon took … he punished Here “Gideon” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers took … they punished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 16 vr3e 0 thorns and briers These are sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals. See how you translated this in [Judges 8:7](../08/07.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 17 dbh6 figs-synecdoche 0 he pulled Gideon and his soldiers pulled. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers pulled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 8 17 jg81 0 Peniel Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 8:8](../08/08.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 18 lav2 0 Zebah and Zalmunna See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 18 gw8k 0 Tabor Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 18 q1pd 0 As you are, so were they “They were just like you”
|
||||
JDG 8 19 jb1y figs-idiom 0 As Yahweh lives This idiom is a religious oath used for emphasis that what he is about to say is true. Alternate translation: “I promise you that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 8 20 xg9f translate-names 0 Jether This is the name of Gideon’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 21 p21p figs-idiom 0 For as the man is, so is his strength This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “It is a job for a man to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 8 21 lzn1 0 crescent This is a curved shape with two points. This shape occurs when the moon is mostly covered in shadow.
|
||||
JDG 8 21 eu98 0 ornaments decorations
|
||||
JDG 8 22 n3hy figs-metonymy 0 out of the hand of Midian Here “hand” represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate translation: “from the power of Midian” or “from Midian” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 22 zz2f figs-metonymy 0 of Midian Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 24 va81 0 Gideon said to them “Gideon said to the men of Israel”
|
||||
JDG 8 24 qb9s 0 earrings jewelry worn on the ear
|
||||
JDG 8 24 e5zj 0 plunder things stolen by force or taken off of people killed in war
|
||||
JDG 8 24 c2b3 writing-background 0 The Midianites had golden earrings because they were Ishmaelites Here the narrator tells background information about the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 8 25 ark2 0 cloak clothing made from a large piece of fabric and worn over the shoulders as a coat
|
||||
JDG 8 26 z8qb translate-numbers 0 1,700 shekels of gold “one thousand seven hundred shekels of gold.” If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “18.7 kilograms of gold” or “about 20 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
|
||||
JDG 8 26 w5mz 0 crescent ornaments See how you translated this in [Judges 8:21](../08/21.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 26 rc47 0 pendants pieces of jewelry that hang at the end of the chains or cords of necklaces
|
||||
JDG 8 26 z7ld figs-activepassive 0 that was worn by the kings of Midian This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the kings of Midian wore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 8 27 awh9 0 Gideon made an ephod out of the earrings “Gideon used the gold from the earrings to make an ephod”
|
||||
JDG 8 27 tir6 0 Ophrah Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 27 tyw2 figs-metaphor 0 all Israel prostituted themselves by worshiping it there This speaks of worshiping a false god as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “the Israelites sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the ephod there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 8 27 j6ye figs-hyperbole 0 all Israel Here “all” is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many worshiped the garment. Alternate translation: “very many people in Israel worshiped the garment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 8 27 bbx3 figs-metaphor 0 It became a trap for Gideon and for those in his house This speaks of Gideon and his family being tempted to worship the ephod as if the ephod were a hunter’s snare that would trap them. Alternate translation: “It became a temptation for Gideon and his family” or “Gideon and his family sinned by worshiping it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 8 27 i29y figs-metonymy 0 for those in his house Here “his house” represents Gideon’s family. Alternate translation: “for his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 28 wui8 figs-activepassive 0 So Midian was subdued before the people of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh subdued the Midianites before the people of Israel” or “So Yahweh helped the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 8 28 u2ar figs-idiom 0 they did not raise their heads up again This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they did not attack Israel again” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 8 28 un4l figs-metonymy 0 So the land had peace Here “land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 28 mw8q translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 28 z3zj 0 in the days of Gideon “during the life of Gideon”
|
||||
JDG 8 29 z3sb 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 30 m14n translate-numbers 0 seventy sons “70 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 8 32 i3jl figs-idiom 0 a good old age This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “when he was very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 8 32 w8yg figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 8 32 aen4 0 Ophrah Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 32 pc1f 0 the clan of Abiezer Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 8 33 be44 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
|
||||
JDG 8 33 l1r2 figs-metaphor 0 turned again The people rejecting Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically turned away from him. Alternate translation: “they stopped worshiping Yahwheh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 8 33 gh13 figs-metaphor 0 prostituted themselves by worshiping the Baals This speaks of worshiping false gods as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “they sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the Baals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 8 33 ce8s translate-names 0 Baal-Berith This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 8 34 k1h5 figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of all their enemies Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of all their enemies” or “from all their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 34 lqk5 0 on every side “who surrounded them”
|
||||
JDG 8 35 svf8 figs-metonymy 0 the house of Jerub Baal Here “the house of” represents a person’s family. Alternate translation: “the family of Jerub Baal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 8 35 w3k3 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 intro zl19 0 # Judges 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Jotham’s curse<br><br>Gideon’s son, Abimelech, killed all of his brothers except Jotham in order to become king of Shechem. Jotham cursed Abimelech for having murdered Gideon’s other sons. “Let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem and the house of Millo. Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>=##### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Tree metaphor<br>This chapter contains an extended metaphor about trees. This metaphor functions as a parable instructing Israel about their sinful desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
|
||||
JDG 9 1 cb58 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 2 gfl5 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Please say this, so that all the leaders in Shechem may hear, ‘Which is better for you, that all seventy sons of Jerub Baal rule over you, or that just one rule over you?’ This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Please ask the leaders of Shechem if they would rather have all seventy sons of Jerub Baal rule over them, or if they would rather have just one of his sons rule over them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
JDG 9 2 lpf2 translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 2 e38y figs-metonymy 0 I am your bone and your flesh Here “your bone and your flesh” represents being someone’s relative. Alternate translation: “I am a member of your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 3 ie29 0 His mother’s relatives spoke for him to the leaders This means that the relatives of the mother of Abimelech spoke to the leaders, suggesting that they make Abimelech their king.
|
||||
JDG 9 3 ubh9 0 they agreed to follow Abimelech “they agreed to let Abimelech be their leader”
|
||||
JDG 9 4 yf44 figs-metonymy 0 the house Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 4 yf3w translate-bmoney 0 seventy pieces of silver This means seventy shekels of silver. A shekel weighs 11 grams. If it is necessary to translate this with modern measurements, you can translate it like this. Alternate translation: “almost one kilo of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
|
||||
JDG 9 4 v8x5 translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 4 g7i4 0 Baal-Berith This is the name of a false god. See how you translated it in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 4 mi77 0 worthless and reckless “violent and foolish”
|
||||
JDG 9 5 c56j 0 Ophrah Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 5 jer7 translate-numbers 0 one stone “1 stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 5 gnp3 translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 5 ilv2 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 6 up6d translate-names 0 Beth Millo This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 7 d3ws figs-parables 0 General Information: Jotham begins telling a parable in which the trees try to find someone to rule them. The trees represent the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
|
||||
JDG 9 7 ksz5 figs-activepassive 0 When Jotham was told about this This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When Jotham heard that Abimelech had murdered his brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 9 7 z9vx translate-names 0 Mount Gerizim This is a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 8 p19p figs-parables 0 The trees once went out to anoint a king over them. For they said to the olive tree, ‘Reign over us.’ In this parable Jotham describes the trees doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 9 8 x1ky translate-symaction 0 to anoint a king over them Here, to anoint with oil is a symbolic action that represents appointing a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint a king to rule over all of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 9 8 ai6t 0 Reign over us “Be our king”
|
||||
JDG 9 9 ns1k 0 General Information: Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in [Judges 9:7](../09/07.md), where the trees represent the Israelites.
|
||||
JDG 9 9 q6h3 figs-rquestion 0 Should I give up my abundance … over the other trees? The olive tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my abundance … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 9 v5cc figs-metonymy 0 abundance This word for “wealth” is a metonym for the olives that come from the tree. People ate olives as food and crushed them to make oil for lamps. Alternate translation: “oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 9 b42t 0 by which gods and men are honored This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “by which people honor both gods and other men”
|
||||
JDG 9 9 ctc8 0 gods It is possible to translate the same Hebrew word as “god,” “God,” or “gods,” so this could mean: (1) “gods” or (2) “God.”
|
||||
JDG 9 9 a9cy figs-metaphor 0 sway over To sway is to move back and forth. Trees sway when the wind blows them. Here this is a metaphor for ruling over people. Jotham is also using irony, saying that the work of any ruler will be useless because the “trees,” the people, will not obey anyone who rules them. Alternate translation: “rule over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
JDG 9 11 df3r figs-parables 0 the fig tree said to them Jotham continues describing the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 9 11 bi3f figs-rquestion 0 Should I give up my sweetness … over the other trees? The fig tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my sweetness … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 11 jkz5 figs-abstractnouns 0 my sweetness and my good fruit The word “sweetness” is an abstract noun. It can be stated as an adjective that describes the fruit that grows on the tree. Alternate translation: “my good sweet fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 9 12 akj6 0 General Information: Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in [Judges 9:7](../09/07.md), where the trees represent the Israelites.
|
||||
JDG 9 12 m2h3 figs-parables 0 The trees said to the vine In this parable, Jotham describes the trees and the vine as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 9 13 i2y3 figs-rquestion 0 Should I give up my new wine … over the other trees? The vine is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my new wine … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 14 mp3a 0 thornbush Thorns are sharp spikes or spurs that hurt. This bush has many sharp spikes along its branches.
|
||||
JDG 9 15 ne2j 0 General Information: Jotham continues telling his parable, where trees represent various people groups, and makes the application.
|
||||
JDG 9 15 g1p2 figs-parables 0 The thornbush said to the trees In this parable, Jotham describes the thornbush and the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 9 15 zea8 translate-symaction 0 to anoint me as king over you To anoint someone with oil is a symbolic action that appoints a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint me as your king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 9 15 cm8a figs-abstractnouns 0 find safety The word “safety” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 9 15 hvs5 0 fire come out of the thornbush and let it burn up the cedars of Lebanon This means to let the thornbush burn so that it will burn the cedars.
|
||||
JDG 9 15 xn44 figs-123person 0 then let fire come out of the thornbush The thornbush refers to itself as “the thornbush.” Alternate translation: “then may fire come out from me, the thornbush” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JDG 9 16 ayq2 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
JDG 9 16 y7g3 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 16 nu7n figs-metonymy 0 his house Here “house” represents Gideon’s family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 17 x8ae 0 General Information: Jotham makes the application to the situation at that time and place.
|
||||
JDG 9 17 fpm7 0 to think that my father fought for you … out of the hand of Midian Here Jotham is expressing that he cannot believe how badly the people of Shechem have treated Gideon and his family even after Gideon fought to save the people of Shechem.
|
||||
JDG 9 17 kqc3 figs-metonymy 0 out of the hand of Midian Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of the Midianites” or “from the Midianites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 18 cr5w figs-idiom 0 you have risen up against This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you have opposed” or “you have rebelled against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 9 18 i5zw figs-metonymy 0 my father’s house Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “my father’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 18 yy47 translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 18 ym97 translate-numbers 0 one stone “1 stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 18 c154 0 his female servant Here “his” refers to Gideon.
|
||||
JDG 9 19 cwl5 figs-hypo 0 If you acted with honesty and integrity with Jerub Baal and his house Jotham offered the possibility that what they did was good, but Jotham does not actually believe what they did was good. Alternate translation: “If you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they deserved to be treated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JDG 9 19 re1x 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 19 r5ce figs-metonymy 0 his house Here “house” refers to family. Alternate translation: “his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 20 rv9v figs-hypo 0 But if not Jotham offered the opposite possibility that what they did was evil and applied a curse. Jotham does believe what they did was evil. Alternate translation: “But if you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they did not deserve to be treated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
|
||||
JDG 9 20 g8i6 figs-metaphor 0 let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of Abimelech destroying the people of Shechem as if he would burn them with fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 9 20 ibq3 figs-metaphor 0 Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of the people of Shechem and Beth Millo destroying Abimelech as if they would burn him with fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 9 20 iey1 0 Beth Millo This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:6](../09/06.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 21 pan4 translate-names 0 Beer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 23 bv9r 0 God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem This means that God applied the curse Jotham made by sending an evil spirit to cause trouble and animosity between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem.
|
||||
JDG 9 24 xf1e figs-activepassive 0 God did this so the violence done … helped him murder his brothers The passive phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did this to avenge the seventy sons whom Abimelech their brother murdered and the men of Shechem helped murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 9 24 cb41 translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 24 b1g1 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 25 b7tx 0 positioned men to lie in wait on the hilltops that they might ambush him “sent men to hide on the hilltops and wait to attack Abimelech”
|
||||
JDG 9 25 pd3x figs-activepassive 0 This was reported to Abimelech This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech about the men waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 9 26 r2ue translate-names 0 Gaal … Ebed These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 26 mv9b figs-abstractnouns 0 had confidence in him The word “confidence” is an abstract noun that can be stated with the verb “trust.” Alternate translation: “trusted him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 9 27 i6sf 0 They went out into the field Here “They” refers to Gaal and his relatives and the men of Shechem.
|
||||
JDG 9 27 r8w9 figs-explicit 0 they trampled on them They did this to squeeze out the grape juice to make wine with it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 9 27 c3x3 0 trampled “crushed” or “stomped”
|
||||
JDG 9 27 d9l2 figs-metonymy 0 in the house Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 28 yyy5 0 Gaal … Ebed See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 28 w9hj figs-rquestion 0 Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 28 dfp7 figs-parallelism 0 Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Both of these questions means the same thing. Gaal refers to Abimelech as “Shechem” because Abimelech’s mother was from Shechem. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech, that is, Shechem!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 28 a6ws figs-rquestion 0 Is he not the son of Jerub Baal? Is Zebul not his officer? Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “He is just the son of Jerub Baal, and Zebul is just his officer.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 28 p2s8 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 28 b36z translate-names 0 Zebul This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 28 rq5n 0 Serve the men of Hamor, Shechem’s father Gaal means the people of Shechem should serve those who descended from Hamor, that is, those who are truly Canaanites, and not serve someone whose father was an Israelite.
|
||||
JDG 9 28 ju72 figs-rquestion 0 Why should we serve Abimelech? Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 29 v1e2 0 I wish that this people were under my command “I wish that I ruled the people of Shechem”
|
||||
JDG 9 30 qj5l 0 Zebul See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 30 a53k 0 heard the words of Gaal son of Ebed “heard what Gaal son of Ebed said”
|
||||
JDG 9 30 p2rs 0 Gaal … Ebed See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 30 u13b figs-metaphor 0 his anger was kindled Becoming angry is spoken of as if a fire were starting. Alternate translation: “he became very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 9 30 lx8u figs-metonymy 0 the city Here “city” represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 31 u898 0 in order to deceive Zebul is deceiving Gaal and the people of Shechem. Alternate translation: “secretly”
|
||||
JDG 9 31 gvg1 figs-metaphor 0 they are stirring up the city against you This speaks of the people of the city becoming upset as if they were liquid in a pot moving around. Alternate translation: “they are persuading the people of the city to rebel against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 9 32 yn4z 0 General Information: Zebul’s messengers continue talking to Abimelech.
|
||||
JDG 9 32 j18v 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
JDG 9 32 mrh8 0 an ambush “to hide and attack them suddenly”
|
||||
JDG 9 33 k1f3 0 do whatever you can to them This means that they can do what they want to destroy the followers of Gaal.
|
||||
JDG 9 34 be8t 0 all the men who were with him “all the men accompanying Abimelech” or “all the men fighting for Abimelech”
|
||||
JDG 9 34 b14p translate-numbers 0 dividing into four units “separating into 4 groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 35 q22c 0 Gaal … Ebed See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 36 v8bb 0 Gaal This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 36 vu4i 0 Zebul This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 36 gz9v 0 You are seeing the shadows on the hills like they are men Zebul is trying to confuse Gaal and keep him from preparing for battle. Alternate translation: “That is not people, it is only shadows on the hills”
|
||||
JDG 9 37 kmf8 translate-numbers 0 one unit “1 group” or “1 troop” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 38 tqh1 0 Zebul See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 38 qap7 figs-rquestion 0 Where are your proud words now, you Zebul is scolding Gaal with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “You are not speaking proudly now, you” or “You are not proud now, you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 38 fub2 figs-rquestion 0 you who said, ‘Who is Abimelech that we should serve him?’ Zebul is quoting Gaal’s boast back to Gaal. This can be translated as a statement and as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “you who said that we should not serve Abimelech.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
JDG 9 38 qdj1 figs-rquestion 0 Are these not the men you despised? Zebul is challenging Gaal with this rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Here are the men that you despised.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 9 38 u392 0 despised strongly disliked or hated
|
||||
JDG 9 39 h55i 0 Gaal See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 40 p7lv figs-idiom 0 Many fell with deadly wounds This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “And many men died of wounds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 9 41 y21z translate-names 0 Arumah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 41 q5ep 0 Zebul This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 41 f6ud 0 Gaal This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 9 42 em2h figs-activepassive 0 this was reported to Abimelech This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone reported this to Abimelech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 9 43 rm73 translate-numbers 0 divided them into three units “separated them into 3 groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 43 e8ph 0 they set an ambush in the fields “they hid in the fields to attack the people by surprise”
|
||||
JDG 9 43 l12e figs-synecdoche 0 he attacked Here “he” refers to Abimelech who represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 9 44 h6g9 0 the units “the groups of soldiers”
|
||||
JDG 9 44 a246 translate-numbers 0 other two “other 2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 45 e7uy figs-synecdoche 0 Abimelech fought … He tore down Here “Abimelech” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Abimelech and his soldiers fought … They tore down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 9 45 ch7p figs-metonymy 0 against the city Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “against the people of Shechem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 45 zi77 0 tore down “demolished”
|
||||
JDG 9 45 t928 figs-explicit 0 spread salt over it “spread salt over the land.” Spreading salt over land keeps anything from growing there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 9 46 lty1 figs-metonymy 0 the house Here this represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 9 46 kw6q translate-names 0 El-Berith The word “El” means “god.” This is the same false god as “Baal-Berith” in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 47 hnv1 figs-activepassive 0 Abimelech was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 9 48 h1s8 translate-names 0 Mount Zalmon This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 49 thc7 0 piled This means to stack the branches into a large heap.
|
||||
JDG 9 49 f9xs translate-numbers 0 about a thousand men “about 1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 50 jh8f translate-names 0 Thebez This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 9 50 nyj8 0 encamped against Thebez “camped outside the city of Thebez”
|
||||
JDG 9 52 jgq2 0 fought against it “attacked it”
|
||||
JDG 9 53 z9j6 0 upper millstone Two large, flat, round stones were used to grind grain in a mill. An upper millstone was the top one that was rolled on the lower one to crush the grain in between them.
|
||||
JDG 9 54 vm49 0 armor-bearer This is the man who carried the weapons of Abimelech.
|
||||
JDG 9 54 is1h 0 pierced him through This means the young man put the sword right through the body of Abimelech.
|
||||
JDG 9 56 h9fb translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 9 57 fx65 figs-idiom 0 made all the evil of the men of Shechem turn back on their own heads “Evil turn back on their heads” here is an idiom. Alternate translation: “punished the men of Shechem for all the evil they had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 9 57 hua1 figs-idiom 0 on them came the curse of Jotham son of Jerub Baal This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the curse of Jotham son of Jerub Baal happened to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 9 57 q7dp 0 Jerub Baal This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||
JDG 10 intro zqn2 0 # Judges 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the account of Jephthah ([Judges 10-12](./01.md)).<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s punishment<br>In Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])
|
||||
JDG 10 1 g7ww translate-names 0 Tola … Puah … Dodo These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 1 ti4g translate-names 0 Shamir This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 1 lxh7 0 arose to deliver Israel “came to deliver Israel” or “became the leader to deliver Israel”
|
||||
JDG 10 1 i5f3 figs-metonymy 0 deliver Israel Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 2 m2fd 0 He judged Israel Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
|
||||
JDG 10 2 m93u translate-numbers 0 twenty-three years “23 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 10 2 unp5 figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 10 3 f3wi figs-activepassive 0 He was followed by Jair the Gileadite This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jair the Gileadite was leader after Tola” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 10 3 m9uk translate-names 0 Jair This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 3 j6fm 0 the Gileadite Jair was from the tribe of Gilead.
|
||||
JDG 10 3 fmn8 0 He judged Israel Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel.
|
||||
JDG 10 3 d5gs figs-metonymy 0 Israel Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 3 ezp7 translate-numbers 0 twenty-two years “22 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 10 4 i1hv translate-numbers 0 thirty sons “30 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 10 4 vb1y translate-names 0 Havvoth Jair This is the name of a region, which is named after a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 4 h644 0 to this day This means to the time when the book of Judges was being written.
|
||||
JDG 10 5 t8ka figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 10 5 s19j translate-names 0 Kamon This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 6 lj2d figs-metaphor 0 added to the evil they had done in the sight of Yahweh This speaks of evil as if it were an object that a person could add to and make bigger. Alternate translation: “continued doing what Yahweh said was evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 6 ki1z figs-metaphor 0 in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “according to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 6 p7j4 0 Ashtoreths This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:13](../02/13.md).
|
||||
JDG 10 6 r515 figs-parallelism 0 They abandoned Yahweh and no longer worshiped him The author basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. These can be combined. Alternate translation: “They completely stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 10 6 p6q5 figs-metaphor 0 They abandoned Yahweh No longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 7 zf61 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh burned with anger toward Israel Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if anger were a burning fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was very angry at Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 7 f4v2 figs-metaphor 0 he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the Ammonites Yahweh allowing the Philistines and the Ammonites to defeat the Israelites is spoken of as if he sold the Israelites to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 7 aj5n figs-metonymy 0 into the hand Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 8 psa9 figs-doublet 0 crushed and oppressed These two words basically mean the same and emphasize how much the Israelites suffered. Alternate translation: “terribly oppressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JDG 10 8 q2ml translate-numbers 0 eighteen years “18 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 10 8 msz6 0 who were beyond the Jordan This means on the east side of the Jordan River.
|
||||
JDG 10 8 b5w4 0 which is in Gilead “this region is also called Gilead”
|
||||
JDG 10 9 wq6g figs-metonymy 0 Judah … Benjamin “Judah” and “Benjamin” refer to the people belonging to those tribes. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Judah … the people of the tribe of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 9 nt9c figs-metonymy 0 house of Ephraim The “house” refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Ephraim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 9 gl3b figs-metonymy 0 so that Israel was greatly distressed “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Israel suffered much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 10 lda9 0 the people of Israel called out to Yahweh This means the people of Israel desperately asked Yahweh for help.
|
||||
JDG 10 10 b8t5 figs-metaphor 0 because we abandoned our God The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 10 t38a figs-123person 0 abandoned our God The people are speaking to Yahweh and refer to him as “our God.” This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “abandoned you, our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JDG 10 12 lf73 figs-rquestion 0 and also from the Sidonians? God is rebuking the people of Israel for their worship of other gods. The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Did I not deliver you” in verse 11 ends here. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who delivered you … and also from the Sidonians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 10 12 w39a translate-names 0 Maonites These are the people from the clan or family of Maon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 10 12 e4ml figs-metonymy 0 from their power Here “power” represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate translation: “from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 13 p759 figs-metaphor 0 you abandoned me again The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 10 13 zdy2 figs-idiom 0 I will not keep adding to the times I deliver you The phrase “keep adding to the times” is an idiom that means to continue to do something. You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Yahweh’s saying. Alternate translation: “I will not keep on delivering you again and again” or “You can be sure that I will stop delivering you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 10 16 i2l8 figs-explicit 0 foreign gods among them You can make explicit the implicit meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “foreign gods whose images they possessed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 10 16 m6hd figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh could bear Israel’s misery no longer Here Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 10 18 j3k2 0 Who is the man who will begin to fight the Ammonites? “Who will lead our army to fight against the Ammonites?”
|
||||
JDG 11 intro q7si 0 # Judges 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Jephthah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Jephthah the leader<br>Jephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges were called by Yahweh, it is the leaders who called Jephthah to help them, but Yahweh still used Jephthah to help them.
|
||||
JDG 11 1 yk6s translate-names 0 Gileadite This is someone who is from the region of Gilead. It is a coincidence that his father’s name is also Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 2 r35b 0 When his wife’s sons grew up “When the sons of Gilead’s wife became adults”
|
||||
JDG 11 3 aw1r translate-names 0 the land of Tob Tob is the name of a region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 3 f5ze 0 they traveled with him “they followed him” or “they went everywhere together”
|
||||
JDG 11 4 cn67 0 Some days later “Some time later”
|
||||
JDG 11 4 s6ku figs-idiom 0 made war against Israel The phrase “made war” is an idiom which means that they attacked Israel and were at war with them. Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “attacked the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 11 6 b37n 0 that we may fight with “so that we can fight against”
|
||||
JDG 11 7 f7vj figs-metonymy 0 my father’s house Here “house” refers to people living in the house. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 11 8 ph3x figs-explicit 0 That is why we are turning to you now The word “that” refers to what Jephthah said about them being in trouble. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “We are turning to you now because we are in trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 8 uem9 0 fight with the people of Ammon “fight against the people of Ammon”
|
||||
JDG 11 11 hf4c figs-doublet 0 leader and commander These two words basically have the same meaning repeated to emphasize how important Jephthah had became. You can combine the two words. Alternate translation: “commander” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JDG 11 11 v6uq figs-idiom 0 When he was before Yahweh in Mizpah, Jephthah repeated all the promises he made This is an idiom. Here the phrase “before Yahwheh” means that he repeated his promises as a vow before Yahweh. Alternate translation: “When Jephthah was in Mizpah he repeated all of these promises as a vow before Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 11 w6mk 0 all the promises he made This refers to the promises he made to the leaders of Gilead about becoming their leader.
|
||||
JDG 11 12 ybt9 0 What is this conflict between us “Why is there conflict between us?” Jephthah is asking the king why they are angry with Israel.
|
||||
JDG 11 12 su7k figs-synecdoche 0 Why have you come with force to take our land The word “you” refers to the King of Ammon and represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Why have your soldiers come to seize our land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 12 hwk4 0 come with force to take “come to forcefully take”
|
||||
JDG 11 13 qdz6 translate-names 0 Arnon … Jabbok These are the names of two rivers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 13 ps71 0 over to the Jordan “on the other side of the Jordan River”
|
||||
JDG 11 13 tsw4 0 in peace “peacefully” or “and do not try to defend them”
|
||||
JDG 11 15 i4ns figs-explicit 0 he said Here the word “he” refers to the messenger who was speaking to the king. This may be written with the word “they” as in the UST, referring to the group of messengers. Alternate translation: “Jephthah told the messengers to say” or “they said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 16 e7sj figs-idiom 0 they came up from Egypt Whenever people traveled to the promised land it is referred to as going “up” to the promised land. When the Israelites left Egypt they were on their way to the promised land. Alternate translation: “they left Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 17 je4p 0 General Information: Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
|
||||
JDG 11 17 tn6f figs-synecdoche 0 When Israel sent messengers The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 17 kl4c 0 pass through “go through” or “cross”
|
||||
JDG 11 17 v8aa figs-idiom 0 would not listen This phrase is an idiom that means to “refuse.” Alternate translation: “refused” or “denied their request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 17 q2mz figs-explicit 0 They also sent messengers to the king of Moab The reason that Israel sent messengers to the king of Moab can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “They also send messengers to the king of Moab with the same request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 17 x2ue figs-explicit 0 but he refused The king of Moab refused Israel’s request to pass through Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “but he also refused and would not let them pass through the land of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 18 el82 0 Arnon This is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md).
|
||||
JDG 11 19 msq6 0 General Information: Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
|
||||
JDG 11 19 ur8x figs-synecdoche 0 Israel sent messengers to Sihon The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 19 j2t5 translate-names 0 Sihon This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 19 pyu6 translate-names 0 Heshbon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 20 mn9x translate-names 0 Jahaz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 20 ew16 figs-explicit 0 But Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his land peacefully. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his territory peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 20 d9ga figs-synecdoche 0 there he fought The word “he” refers to Sihon and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “there they fought” or “there his army fought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 21 sf5x 0 General Information: Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
|
||||
JDG 11 21 fsk6 0 Sihon See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md).
|
||||
JDG 11 21 vp7w figs-metonymy 0 gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel Here “hand” refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate translation: “gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 11 22 ce2e 0 Arnon … Jabbok See how you translated the names of these rivers in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md).
|
||||
JDG 11 23 v22e 0 General Information: Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
|
||||
JDG 11 23 ru3n figs-rquestion 0 should you now take possession of their land? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with this rhetorical question. The word “their” refers to the Israel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “therefore, you should not take possession of their land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 24 nr59 figs-rquestion 0 Will you not take over the land that Chemosh, your god, gives you? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should only take over the land that Chemosh, your god, gives you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 24 bcm5 figs-idiom 0 take over This is an idiom which means to take control of something. Alternate translation: “take control of” or “take possession of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 24 z3zh translate-names 0 Chemosh This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 25 wln3 figs-rquestion 0 Now are you really better than Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not better than Balak son of Zippor, who was king of Moab.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 25 fk7m translate-names 0 Balak … Zippor These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 25 giw3 figs-rquestion 0 Did he dare to have an argument with Israel? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Yet he did not dare to have an argument with Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 25 k8y5 figs-rquestion 0 Did he ever wage war against them? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Nor did he ever wage war against them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 26 pty2 0 General Information: Jephthah’s messengers continue to speak.
|
||||
JDG 11 26 t5g4 translate-numbers 0 three hundred years “300 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 11 26 pu9w 0 Heshbon Translate the name of this city the same way that you did in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md).
|
||||
JDG 11 26 c2xi translate-names 0 Aroer This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 26 h61t figs-rquestion 0 why then did you not take them back during that time? Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you should have taken them back during that time.” or “now it is too late; you should have taken them back long ago.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 11 27 aei3 figs-synecdoche 0 I have not done you wrong, but you are doing me wrong by attacking me Jephthah is speaking to the Sihon. Here Jephthah speaks about the Israelites as though they were himself and of the Ammonites as if they were Sihon their king. Alternate translation: “The Israelites have not done wrong to your people, but your people are doing us wrong by attacking us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 27 n4fk figs-idiom 0 done you wrong … doing me wrong This is an idiom. To do someone wrong means to do something wrong to them. Alternate translation: “treated you wrongly … treating me wrongly” or “treated you unfairly … treating me unfairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 29 p2lw figs-idiom 0 the Spirit of Yahweh came on Jephthah This is an idiom which means that the Spirit influenced Jephthah’s decisions. Alternate translation: “the Spirit of Yahweh took control of Jephthah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 29 dq1c figs-explicit 0 he passed through Gilead and Manasseh … from Mizpah of Gilead Jephthah passed through these places enlisting men for his army to go to war with the people of Ammon. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “he gathered men for his army as he passed through Gilead and Manasseh … from Mizpah of Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 31 kh4e figs-idiom 0 I will offer it up This is an idiom which means to give something as an offering. Alternate translation: “I will offer it to you” or “I will sacrifice it to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 32 wr1n figs-synecdoche 0 So Jephthah passed through … Yahweh gave him victory Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself. Alternate translation: “So Jephthah and his army passed through … Yahweh gave them victory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 33 rt2j figs-synecdoche 0 He attacked Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself (verse 32). Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 11 33 dl1t 0 Aroer Translate the name of this city the same way you did in [Judges 11:26](../11/26.md).
|
||||
JDG 11 33 pfq6 translate-names 0 Minnith … Abel Keramim These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 11 33 i18j translate-numbers 0 twenty cities “including 20 cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 11 34 ng9v translate-unknown 0 tambourines musical instruments with heads like drums that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
JDG 11 35 md3n translate-symaction 0 he tore his clothes This is an act that shows mourning or great sadness. Alternate translation: “he tore his clothes from grief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 11 35 puu2 figs-parallelism 0 You have crushed me with sorrow … you have become one who causes me pain Jephthah said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that he was very sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 11 35 qi6c figs-metaphor 0 You have crushed me with sorrow Here Jephthah speaks of his great sorrow as something that crushes him. Alternate translation: “You have caused me great sorrow” or “You have filled me with sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 11 35 dvs5 figs-metaphor 0 you have become one who causes me pain Here Jephthah talks about his great distress and trouble as if it were pain. Alternate translation: “you have become someone who troubles me” or “you cause me great distress” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 11 35 gvy5 figs-idiom 0 I cannot turn back on my promise This is an idiom. To turn back on a promise means to not do what you have promised to do. Alternate translation: “I must do what I have promised” or “I cannot break my promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 11 36 e6gu figs-explicit 0 has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites Yahweh has taken vengence for him by defeating his enemies. The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites, by defeating them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 11 37 hj6q figs-activepassive 0 Let this promise be kept for me This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “Keep this promise for me” or “Keep this promise concerning me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 11 37 dh7s 0 grieve over my virginity “weep because I am a virgin” or “cry because I will never be married”
|
||||
JDG 11 39 n4my figs-euphemism 0 had never known a man This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had never had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 11 40 s739 0 the Gileadite This refers to someone from Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md).
|
||||
JDG 12 intro p8zn 0 # Judges 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter.<br><br>### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Shibboleth<br>This is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sounds, not its meaning. The translator should not translate the meaning of this word, but should transliterate or transfer it into the target language by substituting letters that have the same sounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
|
||||
JDG 12 1 mp3k figs-abstractnouns 0 A call went out to the men of Ephraim Here the abstract noun “call” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “The men of Ephraim were called together” or “The men … of Ephraim called together their soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 12 1 ubq3 translate-names 0 Zaphon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 12 1 hh1l 0 passed through … pass through or “traveled through … travel” or “journeyed through … journey”
|
||||
JDG 12 1 lt7l figs-idiom 0 We will burn your house down over you This idiom means to burn down a house with people inside it. Alternate translation: “We will burn your house down with you still in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 12 2 fsb1 figs-you 0 When I called you, you Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the people of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
|
||||
JDG 12 2 nxf4 figs-synecdoche 0 did not rescue me Jephthah uses the word “me” to refer to himself and all the people of Gilead. Alternate translation: “do not rescue us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 12 3 s3v2 figs-you 0 you did not rescue me The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “you did not rescue us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 12 3 zev7 figs-idiom 0 I put my life in my own hand This is an idiom which means to risk one’s life and to rely only on one’s own strength. Jephthah continues to refer to the people of Gilead as himself. Alternate translation: “We risked our lives, relying on our own strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 12 3 u5y7 figs-explicit 0 Yahweh gave me victory Jephthah is referring to Yahweh giving the men of Gilead victory over the Ammonites. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave us victory over them” or “Yahweh allowed us to defeat them in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 12 3 uje8 figs-you 0 Why have you come to fight against me The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “Why have you come to fight against us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 12 3 nt4r figs-explicit 0 passed through against the people of Ammon This means that they fought against the Ammonites as they passed through Ammon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Ammon as we passed through their region” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 12 4 by47 figs-synecdoche 0 he fought against Ephraim The word “he” refers to Jephthah and all the fighting men of Gilead. Alternate translation: “they fought against Ephraim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 12 4 y6zx figs-explicit 0 You Gileadites are fugitives You can make the meaning of this insult explicit. Alternate translation: “You Gileadites do not really belong here. You are just people who came here to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 12 4 p9f2 0 Gileadites people from Gilead
|
||||
JDG 12 4 h3vl 0 in Ephraim—in Ephraim and Manasseh “in the regions of Ephraim and Manasseh” or “in the land of Ephraim and Manasseh.” Here “Ephraim” and “Manasseh” refer to regions and are named after the tribes which live there.
|
||||
JDG 12 5 dcy5 0 to Ephraim “to the land of Ephraim”
|
||||
JDG 12 5 f8sh 0 The Gileadites captured “The Gileadites controlled” or “The Gileadites occupied”
|
||||
JDG 12 5 yc1p 0 fords These are places where you can cross the river on foot because the water is shallow.
|
||||
JDG 12 5 w1cc 0 Ephraimite person from the tribe of Ephraim
|
||||
JDG 12 6 cee8 translate-transliterate 0 Shibboleth … Sibboleth These words have no meaning. Copy these words into your language, and make sure that the beginning of the words, that is the letters “Sh” and “S” are translated differently. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
|
||||
JDG 12 6 uc7k 0 pronounce the word “make the sound of the word”
|
||||
JDG 12 6 d82p translate-numbers 0 Forty-two thousand “42,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 12 6 c2bb figs-activepassive 0 Forty-two thousand Ephraimites were killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They killed forty-two thousand Ephraimites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 12 7 v8rv figs-activepassive 0 Jephthah the Gileadite died and was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jephthah the Gileadite died and they buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 12 8 ha85 translate-names 0 Ibzan of Bethlehem This is the name of a man from Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 12 9 d515 figs-idiom 0 He gave away thirty daughters in marriage Here “give away … in marriage” is an idiom which means that he allowed his daughters to get married. Alternate translation: “He had thirty daughters and arranged a marriage for each of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 12 9 r2m9 figs-idiom 0 he brought in thirty daughters of other men for his sons, from the outside The idiom “bring them in from the outside” means that he had women from other clans marry his sons. Alternate translation: “he arranged for thirty daughters of other men from outside of his clan to marry his sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 12 10 jbg6 figs-activepassive 0 was buried at Bethlehem This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Bethlehem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 12 11 k8nx translate-names 0 Elon This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 12 11 jl6e 0 Zebulunite someone from the tribe of Zebulun
|
||||
JDG 12 12 dn79 0 Aijalon Translate the name of this place the same way you did in [Judges 1:35](../01/35.md).
|
||||
JDG 12 12 dzh4 figs-activepassive 0 was buried in Aijalon This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Aijalon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 12 13 x9gz translate-names 0 Abdon … Hillel These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 12 13 z3n6 translate-names 0 Pirathon This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 12 14 n7k2 figs-metonymy 0 They rode on seventy donkeys These men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word “rode” is used instead of “owned.” Alternate translation: “They owned seventy donkeys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 12 14 ua8s translate-numbers 0 forty sons … thirty grandsons … seventy donkeys “40 sons…30 grandsons…70 donkeys (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 12 15 wqm2 translate-names 0 Pirathonite … Pirathon Pirathon is the name of a place, someone who is from that place is called a Pirathonite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 13 intro eu67 0 # Judges 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the account of Samson ([Judges 13-16](./01.md)).<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Warning not to cut his hair<br><br>The angel of the Lord prophesied about Samson and gave instructions to Samson’s mother. Samson’s mother was to offer up her son under a Nazarite vow. This was a special type of vow, dedicating Samson to Yahweh. Part of this vow prohibited the cutting of the person’s hair. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])
|
||||
JDG 13 1 acr5 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 13 1 g29r figs-metonymy 0 he gave them into the hand of the Philistines Here “hand” refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate translation: “he allowed the Philistines to defeat them” or “he allowed them to be oppressed by the Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 13 1 jxd2 translate-numbers 0 forty years “40 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 13 2 y3dj translate-names 0 Zorah This was the name of a town in Israel. It was in the region of Judah near the border of Dan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 13 2 l3wl 0 Danites people from the tribe of Dan
|
||||
JDG 13 2 v9vw translate-names 0 Manoah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 13 3 a36u figs-idiom 0 give birth to a son This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 13 4 nfl8 figs-metaphor 0 anything unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 13 5 q3p1 0 Look “Pay attention” or “Listen”
|
||||
JDG 13 5 wb3h figs-metonymy 0 No razor will be used upon his head Here the word “head” refers to his hair. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one should ever cut his hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 13 5 lb1d 0 razor a sharp knife used to cut hair close to the skin
|
||||
JDG 13 5 vq8h figs-explicit 0 a Nazirite to God This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 5 zui7 figs-metonymy 0 from the womb Here the word “womb” refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate translation: “from before he is born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 13 5 am6s figs-metonymy 0 the hand of the Philistines Here the word “hand” means control. Alternate translation: “the control of the Philistines” or “being under the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 13 6 djg9 figs-explicit 0 A man of God This means that the man was sent by God. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “A man that God sent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 6 w3z3 figs-simile 0 his appearance was like that of an angel of God, very terrible Here “terrible” means “frightening.” Alternate translation: “I was very afraid of him because he looked like an angel of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 13 7 n53c 0 Look “Pay attention” or “Listen”
|
||||
JDG 13 7 p1sr figs-idiom 0 give birth to a son This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 13 7 s1qy figs-metaphor 0 any food that the law declares to be unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 13 7 pd9a figs-explicit 0 a Nazirite to God This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:5](../03/05.md). Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 7 xct1 figs-merism 0 from the time he is in your womb until the day of his death This emphasizes that it would be for his entire life. Alternate translation: “all his life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
JDG 13 8 nb4i 0 Manoah See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 13 9 m96n figs-explicit 0 came to the woman You can make explicit the implicit meaning of the author’s words. Alternate translation: “came to Manoah’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 10 me6y 0 Look “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
|
||||
JDG 13 10 snn4 figs-explicit 0 The man This refers to the angel of God in [Judges 13:3](../13/03.md). This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the man of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 12 gti5 0 your words “what you have said”
|
||||
JDG 13 14 u67r figs-metonymy 0 anything that comes from the vines Here the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as “coming” from the vine. Alternate translation: “anything that grows on a vine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 13 14 f8vu figs-metaphor 0 unclean Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 13:7](../13/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 13 15 aw65 figs-explicit 0 prepare a young goat for you You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Manoah’s statement. Alternate translation: “cook a young goat for you to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 17 ut4y 0 your words come true “what you have said comes true”
|
||||
JDG 13 18 dsd7 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you ask my name? The angel asks this question as a rebuke. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not ask me what my name is.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 13 18 rr96 figs-explicit 0 It is wonderful It may be helpful to explain more explicitly why they should not ask his name. Alternate translation: “It is too wonderful for you to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 19 lw91 figs-explicit 0 with the grain offering This law requires a grain offering to be offered when a burnt offering is made. Alternate translation: “with the grain offering required with it” or “with the grain offering to accompany it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 19 d2km 0 on the rock “on the altar.” The altar Manoah sacrificed the offering on was a rock.
|
||||
JDG 13 19 pqv4 0 He did something “The angel did something”
|
||||
JDG 13 20 s8h8 0 the angel of Yahweh went up in the flame of the altar “the angel of Yahweh went back up into heaven through the flames on the altar”
|
||||
JDG 13 20 g2fz translate-symaction 0 lay facedown on the ground “lay with their faces to the ground.” This is a sign of respect and honor, but it also shows their fear of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
JDG 13 21 yi5q 0 that he was the angel of Yahweh The word “he” refers to the man who Manoah and his wife had seen.
|
||||
JDG 13 22 f9uz figs-explicit 0 We are sure to die, because we have seen God It is implied that they think God will cause them to die. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “God will cause us to die because we have seen him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 13 23 u22x figs-parallelism 0 He would not have shown us all these things, nor at this time would he have let us hear such things Manoah’s wife said basically the same thing twice for emphasis. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “He would not have told us what he wanted us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 13 24 n565 0 the woman “Manoah’s wife”
|
||||
JDG 13 24 lz2q figs-idiom 0 gave birth to a son This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bore a son” or “had a baby boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 13 24 ht9i 0 grew up “became an adult” or “matured”
|
||||
JDG 13 25 hmc1 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh’s Spirit began to stir him Here the way Yahweh’s Spirit influences Samson is compared to the way a spoon stirs food in a pot. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit began to influence Samson” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 13 25 wnc2 translate-names 0 Mahaneh Dan … Eshtaol Mahaneh Dan is the name of a temporary camp that the tribe of Dan lived in while they looked for a permanent home. Eshtaol is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 13 25 x4d3 0 Zorah Translate the name of this town the same way you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 14 intro cl2d 0 # Judges 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:14, 18.<br><br>### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage<br>It was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a different people group. This is why Samson’s parents did not want him to marry a Philistine woman. They use rhetorical questions to convince him that he is sinning. This woman caused Samson many problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JDG 14 1 bwa3 translate-names 0 Samson went down to Timnah The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timah is the name of a city in the Sorek Valley. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 14 1 u7xb figs-euphemism 0 one of the daughters of the Philistines The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among the Philistine people” or “a Philistine girl” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JDG 14 2 b9h1 figs-idiom 0 Now get her for me to be my wife This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to become my wife” or “Make the arrangements for me to marry her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 3 lcb9 figs-rquestion 0 Is there not a woman among the daughters of your relatives, or among all our people? They ask this question to suggest that they could find Samson a wife among their own people. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely there are women among your people whom you could marry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JDG 14 3 x278 figs-euphemism 0 the daughters of your relatives The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among your relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JDG 14 3 wj22 figs-rquestion 0 Are you going to take a wife from the uncircumcised Philistines? This question is asked to rebuke Samson. This question can be written as a statement. You can make explicit the reason his parents do not want him to marry a Philistine. Alternate translation: “You really should not marry a Philistine woman because the Philistine people do not worship Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 3 srv6 figs-idiom 0 Get her for me This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to be my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 3 r62c figs-explicit 0 she pleases me This means that Samson thinks she is beautiful. “I am pleased by how beautiful she is” or “she is beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 4 ubq9 0 this matter This refers to Samson’s request to marry the Philistine woman.
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JDG 14 4 k7hy 0 for he desired to create a conflict The word “he” refers to Yahweh.
|
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JDG 14 5 d4lt translate-names 0 Samson went down to Timnah The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timnah was a city in the Sorek Valley. Translate the name of this city the same way you did in [Judges 14:1](../14/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 14 5 ty9r figs-idiom 0 And, look, there one of the young lions came up Here the word “look” is used to draw the readers attention to a surprising event that happens in the story. The phrase “came up” means that the lion came near him. Alternate translation: “Suddenly, a young lion came near him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 5 szi7 0 was roaring at him “threatened him.” This is the kind of noise that a lion makes when it threatens to attack something.
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JDG 14 6 m9m5 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh’s Spirit suddenly came on him The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit made him very strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 6 ryx9 0 tore … apart tore into two pieces
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JDG 14 6 t92d figs-litotes 0 had nothing in his hand Here it states that he had nothing in his hand to emphasize that he was not holding a weapon. Alternate translation: “did not have a weapon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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JDG 14 7 s2mj figs-explicit 0 she pleased Samson This means that he thought she was very beautiful. Alternate translation: “he was pleased by how beautiful she was” or “he thought she was very beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 8 d5v9 figs-idiom 0 he turned aside This means that he left his path to do something. Alternate translation: “he left the path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 8 ude7 0 carcass dead body
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JDG 14 8 um8z figs-idiom 0 And, look, there was a swarm of bees Here the word “look” is used to draw the reader’s attention to something surprising that happens in the story. Alternate translation: “He found a swarm of bees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 8 y8ha 0 swarm large group of insects
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JDG 14 9 u3ie 0 scraped up “gathered up”
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JDG 14 10 cm3z figs-idiom 0 Samson’s father went down to where the woman was The phrase “went down” is used to describe Timnah which is lower in elevation than where Samson’s father lives. Alternate translation: “Samson’s father went to where the woman lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 10 ugh2 figs-explicit 0 the custom of the young men It may be helpful to state that this was a marriage custom. Alternate translation: “the custom of young men who were getting married” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 11 ff89 translate-numbers 0 thirty of their friends “30 of their friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JDG 14 12 kh6c 0 riddle a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
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JDG 14 12 a8er figs-idiom 0 can find it out This means to figure out the meaning of the riddle. Alternate translation: “can figure out its meaning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 12 fk4t translate-numbers 0 thirty linen robes and thirty sets of clothes “30 linen robes and 30 sets of clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JDG 14 12 ze1u 0 linen a type of cloth
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JDG 14 13 yu1y figs-you 0 But if you cannot tell me Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the guests at the feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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JDG 14 14 z49r 0 General Information: Samson tells his riddle. Since it is supposed to be hard to understand, do not translate it in a way that people will immediately know what it means.
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JDG 14 14 j8sv 0 Out of the eater was something to eat “Out of the eater came something to eat” or “Something to eat came out of something that eats”
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JDG 14 14 mcm3 0 the eater The noun “eater” can be expressed as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the thing that eats”
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JDG 14 14 hsz9 0 out of the strong was something sweet “out of the strong came something sweet” or “Something that is sweet came out of something that is strong”
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JDG 14 14 ck4e figs-nominaladj 0 the strong This refers to something that is strong. Alternate translation: “the strong thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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JDG 14 14 bdu6 0 his guests “the men at his feast”
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JDG 14 14 mf31 figs-metaphor 0 could not find the answer Here figuring out the answer to the riddle is spoke of as if it were something hidden that the guest had to search for and find. Alternate translation: “could not figure out the answer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JDG 14 15 wrs2 translate-ordinal 0 the fourth day “day 4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JDG 14 15 w5dc 0 Trick mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
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JDG 14 15 jx5r figs-metonymy 0 your father’s house This could mean: (1) this refers to the actual house. Alternate translation: “the house your father and his family live in” or (2) “house” refers to the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 14 15 t8sh figs-idiom 0 will burn up The phrase “burn up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burnt up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 15 si25 figs-rquestion 0 Did you invite us here in order to make us poor? They ask her this question to accuse her of doing evil. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have brought us here to make us poor!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JDG 14 15 sg4i figs-explicit 0 to make us poor They would become poor if they had to buy him new clothes if they could not solve the riddle. Alternate translation: “to make us poor by forcing us to buy him new clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 16 hr3k figs-parallelism 0 All you do is hate me! You do not love me Samson’s wife basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You do not really love me at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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JDG 14 16 d72a 0 riddle a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
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JDG 14 16 j4gp 0 Look here This is used to get someones attention. Here “look” means to “listen.” Alternate translation: “Listen to me” or “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
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JDG 14 16 zq8z figs-rquestion 0 if I have not told my father or my mother, should I tell you? Samson was rebuking her for demanding that he tell her the answer. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have not even told my father or mother. I will not tell you.” or “you should not demand that I tell you, since I have not even told my parents, and they are closer to me than you are.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 17 ejm7 0 during the seven days that their feast lasted This could mean: (1) “during the seven days of their feast” or (2) “during the rest of the seven days of their feast.”
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JDG 14 17 rfq6 translate-ordinal 0 the seventh day “day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JDG 14 17 xid1 figs-idiom 0 she pressured him very much Here the word “pressured” means “urged.” Alternate translation: “she kept urging him to tell her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 18 ui6t figs-explicit 0 the men of the city This refers to Samson’s wife’s relatives. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the young men” or “her relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 18 mq6y translate-ordinal 0 the seventh day “day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
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JDG 14 18 vi1z figs-rquestion 0 What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion? This is the answer to the riddle. It may be written as a statement instead of as questions. If necessary it could be made clear how this relates to the riddle by adding more information. Alternate translation: “Honey is sweet and a lion is strong.” or “Honey is sweet and it came out of a lion.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 18 scv6 figs-metaphor 0 If you had not plowed with my heifer Samson compares their using his wife to get the answer to someone using another person’s heifer to plow his field. Alternate translation: “If you had not used my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JDG 14 18 cl8w 0 plowed To plow is to use an animal to pull a blade through soil to prepare the soil for seeds.
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JDG 14 19 m2gz figs-idiom 0 came on Samson with power The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” or “made Samson very powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 14 19 ht3c translate-numbers 0 killed thirty of their men “killed 30 of their men” - (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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JDG 14 19 kc4e 0 their men “the men who lived there”
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JDG 14 19 u2u5 0 plunder things taken by force, usually after a fight or battle
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JDG 14 19 axx7 figs-explicit 0 their clothes These were from the plunder he had taken from Ashkelon. Alternate translation: “the sets of clothing that he had taken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 14 19 ym43 0 Burning with anger “Very angry”
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JDG 14 19 d5ji 0 went up to his father’s house The phrase “went up” is used here because Samson was at Timnah which is lower in elevation than where his father’s house is located.
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JDG 14 20 hb14 figs-activepassive 0 Samson’s wife was given to his best friend This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife’s father gave her to his best friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JDG 14 20 ibt7 0 best friend “closest friend”
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JDG 15 intro dn16 0 # Judges 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 15:16.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Samson’s strength<br><br>The Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinary strength. Samson’s power is the power of Yahweh himself and he enacted the judgment of God on the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
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JDG 15 1 gn7w figs-idiom 0 He said to himself This refers to thinking. Alternate translation: “He thought to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 15 1 n6ml figs-explicit 0 I will go to my wife’s room Samson intended to sleep with his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will go to my wife’s room, so we may sleep together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 15 1 hmg4 figs-ellipsis 0 would not allow him to go in The phrase “her room” is understood from what Samson said to himself. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “would not permit him to go into her room” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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JDG 15 2 f2qk figs-explicit 0 so I gave her to your friend This means that he gave her to be his friend’s wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “so I gave her to be married to your friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 15 2 pn1a figs-rquestion 0 is she not? He asks this question to imply that Samson should agree with him. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I hope you agree.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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JDG 15 2 ruf2 figs-explicit 0 Take her instead He is suggesting that Samson take her as his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Take her to be your wife instead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 15 3 b19a figs-explicit 0 I will be innocent in regard to the Philistines when I hurt them Samson thinks that he will be innocent if he attacks the Philistines because they wronged him. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will be innocent if I hurt the Philistines because they have wronged me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 15 4 vl3y translate-numbers 0 three hundred foxes “300 foxes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 15 4 bxn9 0 foxes Foxes are animals like dogs that have long tails and that eat nesting birds and other small animals.
|
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JDG 15 4 g4ms 0 each pair a pair is two of anything, such as two foxes, or two tails
|
||||
JDG 15 4 l3z7 0 tail to tail “by their tails”
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JDG 15 4 b6p3 0 torches A torch is a stick of wood with something flammable attached to one end; a torch is often used to light other things or to be carried for light.
|
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JDG 15 5 p7mc 0 standing grain grain that is still growing on its stalk in the field
|
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JDG 15 5 i6qn 0 stacked grain the stalks of grain collected in piles after it has been harvested
|
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JDG 15 5 a7kw 0 orchards An orchard is a place where fruit trees are grown.
|
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JDG 15 6 mns7 0 the Timnite’s son-in-law The husband of a man’s daughter is a “son-in-law.”
|
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JDG 15 6 r78s translate-names 0 Timnite This is a person from Timnah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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JDG 15 6 uk9a figs-explicit 0 took Samson’s wife and gave her to his friend Samson’s wife’s father gave her in marriage to Samson’s friend. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “took Samson’s wife and allowed her to marry Samson’s friend” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 15 6 hz8u figs-idiom 0 burned up The phrase “burned up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burned up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 15 7 sj8e 0 said to them “said to the Philistines”
|
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JDG 15 7 k4eu 0 If this is what you do “Because you have done this.”
|
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JDG 15 8 x42b figs-synecdoche 0 he cut them to pieces, hip and thigh Here “hip and thigh” refers to the whole body. This is a graphic description of how Samson killed the Philistines. Alternate translation: “He cut their bodies to pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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JDG 15 8 m2qa figs-idiom 0 he went down Here the phrase “went down” does not likely mean that he changed elevation, but rather, it is a way to describe someone going to another place. Alternate translation: “he went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JDG 15 8 xk3p 0 cave an opening in a hill or mountainside
|
||||
JDG 15 8 yl63 0 cliff a high, rocky hill or mountainside
|
||||
JDG 15 8 b6rw translate-names 0 Etam This is the name of the rocky hill country near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 15 9 g7cb 0 the Philistines came up … in Judah The phrase “came up” is used here because the Philistines went to Judah which is higher in elevation than where they traveled from.
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JDG 15 9 fkh2 0 prepared for battle “organized themselves for battle”
|
||||
JDG 15 9 v6jw translate-names 0 Lehi This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
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JDG 15 10 ut2q figs-explicit 0 do to him as he has done to us The Philistines are comparing how they want to kill Samson to how he killed many of the Philistines. Alternate translation: “kill him like he killed many of our people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
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JDG 15 11 y64p translate-numbers 0 three thousand men of Judah “3,000 men of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 15 11 ji18 0 cave in the cliff of Etam See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md).
|
||||
JDG 15 11 k7fw figs-rquestion 0 Do you not know that the Philistines are rulers over us? What is this you have done to us? The men of Judah ask Samson these questions to rebuke him. This questions may be written as a statements. Alternate translation: “You know that the Philistines are rulers over us but you act like they are not. What you have done has caused us great harm.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 15 11 td2d figs-explicit 0 They did to me, and so I have done to them Samson is referring to how they killed his wife and how he killed them in revenge. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “They killed my wife, so I killed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
JDG 15 12 a6ty figs-metonymy 0 the hands of the Philistines Here “hands” refers to power. Alternate translation: “the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 15 13 nz1k figs-idiom 0 hand you over to them This means to cause someone to be under someone else’s control. Alternate translation: “give you to the Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 13 m8g6 figs-explicit 0 up from the rock This refers to the cave in the cliff of Etam where Samson had gone in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md). Here the words “up from” mean that they had brought him away from the cave. Alternate translation: “away from the cave in the large rock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 14 dr4z figs-explicit 0 When he came Samson was not travelling alone, he was being led by the men who had tied him with ropes. Alternate translation: “When they came” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 15 14 xp7l 0 Lehi This is the name of a town in Judah. See how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md).
|
||||
JDG 15 14 w48h figs-idiom 0 came on him with power The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 14 nue5 figs-simile 0 The ropes on his arms became like burnt flax Samson easily broken the ropes that bound his hands. The author describes how easily he broke the ropes by saying it was as if they had become burnt flax. Alternate translation: “He snapped the ropes on his arms as easily as if they had been stalks of burned flax” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 15 14 d1fe 0 flax fibers from the flax plant used for making threads and cloth
|
||||
JDG 15 15 w6nt 0 a fresh jawbone This means that the donkey had died very recently and its bones had not yet begun to decay. A jawbone is the bone in which the lower rows of teeth are set.
|
||||
JDG 15 15 nb59 translate-numbers 0 a thousand men “1,000 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 15 16 dzp6 0 the jawbone of a donkey “a donkey’s jawbone”
|
||||
JDG 15 16 dm4v figs-explicit 0 heaps upon heaps This phrase describes how many people Samson killed. There were enough bodies to make large piles of bodies. Alternate translation: “I have made heaps of dead bodies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 15 17 ra2d translate-names 0 Ramath Lehi This is the name of a place. It’s name means “Jawbone Hill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 15 18 ta26 0 was very thirsty “needed water to drink”
|
||||
JDG 15 18 t3wx figs-hyperbole 0 But now will I die of thirst and fall into … uncircumcised? This could mean: (1) Samson is so thirsty he could literally die. Alternate translation: “But now I will die of thirst and my body will fall into … uncircumcised.” or (2) Samson exaggerates how thirsty he is by asking if he will die of thirst. Alternate translation: “But now will you allow me to become so weak from my thirst that I fall into … uncircumcised?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 15 18 h9yr figs-idiom 0 die of thirst This means to die because you have not drank enough and therefore, you do not have enough water in your body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 18 u4x9 figs-idiom 0 fall into the hands of those who are uncircumcised The phrase “fall into the hands” means to be captured. “Those who are uncircumcised” refers to the Philistines and with the word “uncircumcised” emphasizing that they do not worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “be captured by those godless Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 19 c7pf 0 split open the hollow place “opened a hole in the ground” or “opened the low place.” This refers to a low area of ground where Yahweh caused a spring of water to appear.
|
||||
JDG 15 19 c776 0 Lehi See how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md)
|
||||
JDG 15 19 rty1 figs-parallelism 0 his strength returned and he revived These two phrase mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Samson became strong again. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “he became strong again” or “he was revived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 15 19 r7ji translate-names 0 En Hakkore This is the name of a spring of water. The name means “spring of him who prayed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 15 19 k47v figs-idiom 0 it is at Lehi to this day This means that the spring did not dry up but that it remained. The phrase “to this day” refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “the spring can still be found at Lehi, even today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 15 20 ru29 figs-explicit 0 in the days of the Philistines This refers to the time period that the Philistines controlled the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “during the time the Philistines controlled Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 15 20 l52v translate-numbers 0 for twenty years “for 20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 16 intro u81n 0 # Judges 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson concludes in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Samson’s mistake<br><br>Samson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson’s only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems.
|
||||
JDG 16 1 l289 figs-euphemism 0 he went to bed with her The phrase “went to bed with” is a polite way of referring to having sex. Alternate translation: “he had sex with her” or “he slept with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 16 2 j859 translate-names 0 The Gazites were told The word “Gazites” refers to people from Gaza. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told the people of Gaza” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 16 2 fyj2 0 The Gazites surrounded the place … they waited for him all night at the city gate This implies that some Gazites surrounded the place where Samson was staying and others waited at the city gate so that he could not leave.
|
||||
JDG 16 2 lsy6 0 They kept silent all night This could mean: (1) “They did not make any noise all night” or (2) “They made no attempt to attack him all night.”
|
||||
JDG 16 3 iye2 0 until midnight “until the middle of the night”
|
||||
JDG 16 3 fv5x 0 its two posts These are supports for the city gate. These posts were probably made from tree trunks and were buried deep into the ground. The doors of the city gate were attached to these posts.
|
||||
JDG 16 3 c2m4 0 bar and all The bar was probably a heavy rod of iron that connected the gate to the posts. The doors of the city gate were probably made of heavy wooden beams or iron bars.
|
||||
JDG 16 3 m4dx 0 shoulders the part of the human body where the arms and the neck attach to the body
|
||||
JDG 16 3 yq6t translate-names 0 Hebron This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 16 4 itb4 translate-names 0 Valley of Sorek This is the name of a valley near Samson’s home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 16 5 c6wz 0 Trick to mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
|
||||
JDG 16 5 x4w2 figs-idiom 0 to see This is an idiom that means to learn something. Alternate translation: “to understand” or “to learn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 5 vq28 figs-idiom 0 where his great strength lies This is an idiom that refers to where his strength comes from. Alternate translation: “what causes him to be very strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 5 y38x 0 by what means we may overpower him “how we might overpower him”””
|
||||
JDG 16 5 g3bg translate-numbers 0 1,100 pieces of silver “one thousand one hundred pieces of silver.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 16 6 r4hy figs-activepassive 0 bind you, so you might be controlled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “bind you to control you” or “bind you to restrain you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 7 ae1p 0 fresh bowstrings Bowstrings were often made from parts of an animal, often from the tendons. The words “fresh bowstrings” refer to those that come from a freshly slaughtered animal that have not yet dried.
|
||||
JDG 16 7 z8ml figs-activepassive 0 that have not been dried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that have not yet dried” or “that are not dry yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 8 xv64 figs-activepassive 0 that had not been dried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that had not yet dried” or “that were not dry yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 8 xt1g 0 she tied Samson up with them “Delilah tied Samson up with the fresh bowstrings”
|
||||
JDG 16 9 n6px writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Philistine men that Delilah had waiting to capture Samson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 16 9 by3q figs-idiom 0 The Philistines are upon you The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 9 sy3a figs-simile 0 he broke the bowstrings like a thread of yarn when it touches the fire The author describes how easily he broke the bowstrings by comparing them to how yarn breaks when it is burned. Alternate translation: “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if he were breaking burned yarn” or “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if they were made of thin yarn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 16 10 x2km figs-parallelism 0 This is how you have deceived me and told me lies. Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “You have greatly deceived me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 16 10 e5iw 0 you can be overpowered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you”
|
||||
JDG 16 12 vpr3 figs-idiom 0 The Philistines are upon you The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 12 rnx9 figs-idiom 0 lying in wait This means that they were hiding and waiting for the right moment to attack. Alternate translation: “waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 12 j7zp figs-simile 0 like they were a piece of thread The author describes how easily Samson broke the ropes by comparing it to him breaking a piece of thread. Alternate translation: “as easily as if they were only a piece of thread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 16 13 hg41 figs-parallelism 0 you have deceived me and told me lies Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “you have greatly deceived me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
JDG 16 13 t97z figs-activepassive 0 you may be overpowered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 13 s6f3 0 weave crossing pieces of material together so they hold each other in place
|
||||
JDG 16 13 h8x3 0 locks of my hair small bunches of hair
|
||||
JDG 16 13 c2e8 0 fabric cloth made from weaving material together
|
||||
JDG 16 13 wv5v translate-unknown 0 loom a machine used for combining many threads of material into a cloth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
JDG 16 13 gkr7 0 then nail that to the loom “then nail the fabric to the loom”
|
||||
JDG 16 13 pn2m 0 nail to hammer a nail in order to hold something in one place
|
||||
JDG 16 13 w58a figs-explicit 0 I will be like any other man The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will be as weak as any other man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 14 h61l figs-idiom 0 The Philistines are upon you The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 14 k9fi figs-explicit 0 he pulled out the fabric and the pin from the loom Samson pulled out the fabric from the loom when he pulled his hair away from the loom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “pulled away his hair, taking with it the pin of the loom and the fabric in the loom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 14 lc6p 0 the pin This is the wooden nail or peg used to fasten the fabric to the loom.
|
||||
JDG 16 15 zzt1 figs-rquestion 0 How can you say, ‘I love you,’ when you do not share your secrets with me? Delilah asks this question to say that if Samson really loved her he would tell her his secrets. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “When you say ‘I love you,’ you are lying because you do not share your secrets with me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 16 16 s5ui figs-idiom 0 pressed him hard … pressured him Here the author speaks of how Delilah tries to persuade Samson as if she were putting pressure on him to convince him to tell her what she wants to know. Alternate translation: “tried hard to persuade him … kept trying to persuade him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 16 imn2 0 with her words “by what she said to him”
|
||||
JDG 16 16 iqa6 figs-hyperbole 0 that he wished he would die The author used a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize how miserable Sampson felt. Alternate translation: “that he was completely miserable” or “that he was very unhappy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 16 17 c8q9 figs-explicit 0 told her everything everything about the source of his strength. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “told her the source of his strength” or “told her the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 17 y8xz 0 razor a sharp blade used to cut hair close to a person’s skin
|
||||
JDG 16 17 z2nf figs-explicit 0 a Nazirite for God This means that he is devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 13:5](../13/05.md). Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 17 fhm4 figs-metonymy 0 from my mother’s womb Here “from my mother’s womb” refers to when he was born. This means that he has been a Nazirite since he was born. Alternate translation: “my entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 16 17 t2us figs-activepassive 0 If my head is shaved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If someone shaves my head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 17 seg5 0 shaved to have had the hair cut close to the skin with a razor
|
||||
JDG 16 17 iq1l figs-personification 0 my strength will leave me Samson speaks about his strength as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “I will not be strong any more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 16 18 m9zg figs-idiom 0 Delilah saw Here the word “saw” is a idiom that means to realize something. Alternate translation: “Delilah realized” or “Delilah learned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 18 z2eu figs-explicit 0 the truth about everything Here the word “everything” refers to everything about why Samson was strong. Alternate translation: “the truth about why he is strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 18 x4mm 0 Come up again Delilah is telling the rulers to come again to where she lives. Her home is likely at a higher elevation than where the rulers would be travelling from.
|
||||
JDG 16 18 ipi8 figs-explicit 0 bringing the silver in their hands This means that they brought to her the silver that they had promised to give her if she helped them capture Samson. Alternate translation: “bringing the silver that they had promised to give her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 19 h2jg 0 She had him fall asleep “She caused him to fall asleep”
|
||||
JDG 16 19 x4y8 figs-explicit 0 in her lap This means that he slept with his head on her lap. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with his head on her lap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 19 gjg3 0 lap The lap is the level area of the upper legs when a person is sitting down.
|
||||
JDG 16 19 vai4 figs-possession 0 the seven locks of his head Samson had seven locks of hair on his head. Locks are small bunches of hair. Here his locks of hair are described as “belonging” to his head. Alternate translation: “the seven locks of hair on his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
|
||||
JDG 16 19 w8dj 0 subdue him “control him”
|
||||
JDG 16 19 qt31 figs-personification 0 his strength had left him Here Samson’s strength is described as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “his strength was gone” or “he was no longer strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 16 20 e9dj figs-idiom 0 The Philistines are upon you The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 20 jt7e 0 woke up “awakened”
|
||||
JDG 16 20 n31e 0 get out “escape”
|
||||
JDG 16 20 n47x figs-explicit 0 But he did not know that Yahweh had left him It is implied that if Yahweh left Samson, he would no longer be strong. Alternate translation: “But he did not know that Yahweh had left him and that he would not be strong enough to defeat the Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 21 ve9n figs-idiom 0 put out his eyes This means that they removed his eyes from his head. Alternate translation: “removed his eyes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 21 z2vv 0 down to Gaza The phrase “down to” is used here because they brought Samson to Gaza which is lower in elevation than his home where they captured him.
|
||||
JDG 16 21 t7gr 0 bound him with bronze shackles “chained him with bronze shackles” or “tied him up using bronze shackles”
|
||||
JDG 16 21 t1sq 0 shackles locks on the end of chains that hold a prisoner at his feet or hands, or both
|
||||
JDG 16 21 mn74 0 turned the millstone “pulled the millstone around in a circle”
|
||||
JDG 16 21 ujq1 0 millstone This is a very large, heavy, circular stone. Normally, a large animal pulls the millstone around in a circle to crush grain. Here the Philistines humiliate Samson by making him pull it.
|
||||
JDG 16 22 ru6p figs-activepassive 0 after it had been shaved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after the Philistines had shaved it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 16 23 b13v translate-names 0 Dagon a major false god of the Philistines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 16 23 p125 0 has conquered “has defeated”
|
||||
JDG 16 23 ekg1 figs-metaphor 0 put him in our grasp Here the author speak of Samson being under the rulers’ control as if he were something grasped tightly by their hands. Alternate translation: “put him under our control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 16 24 ums1 0 the destroyer of our country This refers to Samson. The word “destroyer” can be expressed with the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “the man who has destroyed our country”
|
||||
JDG 16 24 y4qk figs-synecdoche 0 who killed many of us Here the word “us” refers to the Philistine people. Those who are talking are not counting themselves among the people whom Samson killed. Alternate translation: “who killed many of our people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 16 25 hiy5 figs-explicit 0 Call for Samson … They called for Samson Since Samson was a prisoner, he would not be called directly, but rather the people were asking for the men in charge of the prison to bring him to them. Alternate translation: “Call for them to bring out Samson … They brought Samson” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 26 b8yg 0 the boy “the young man” This was not a young child, but rather a youth.
|
||||
JDG 16 26 d2gs 0 Permit me to touch the pillars on which the building rests “Allow me to touch the pillars which hold up the building”
|
||||
JDG 16 27 fx8p writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story while the writer tells background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 16 27 cp19 translate-numbers 0 three thousand men and women “3,000 men and women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 16 27 l6hc 0 looking on “watching”
|
||||
JDG 16 27 ulj6 0 while Samson was entertaining them It is unclear what Samson did to entertain them. It seems the Philistines were making him do things that would humiliate him so that they could make fun of him.
|
||||
JDG 16 28 n4yh 0 called to Yahweh “prayed to Yahweh”
|
||||
JDG 16 28 ypq4 figs-idiom 0 call me to mind This means to remember him and his situation. Alternate translation: “remember me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 28 ld69 0 only this once “one more time”
|
||||
JDG 16 28 f2en figs-idiom 0 in one blow on the Philistines This idiom means that he wants to have one more powerful act against the Philistines to get full revenge for what they did to him. Alternate translation: “with one strike against the Philistine” or “in one powerful act against the Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 16 29 dmd3 0 on which the building rested “which held up the building”
|
||||
JDG 16 30 mt5g figs-explicit 0 He stretched out with his strength When Samson stretched out his arms he pushed down the pillars of the building. Alternate translation: “He used his strength to push down the pillars” or “He used his strength to push over the pillars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 30 i5lw figs-nominaladj 0 the dead This refers to people who are dead. Alternate translation: “the dead people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
JDG 16 30 u7yd 0 were more “were a greater amount”
|
||||
JDG 16 31 rl5r figs-metonymy 0 all the house of his father Here the word “house” refers to his family. Alternate translation: “all of his father’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 16 31 jg6m 0 came down The phrase “came down” is used here because the place that Samson’s family traveled form was higher in elevation than Gaza.
|
||||
JDG 16 31 na1k 0 Zorah … Eshtaol See how you translated the names of these places in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md) and [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
|
||||
JDG 16 31 de6c 0 in the burial place of Manoah, his father “where his father, Manoah, is buried”
|
||||
JDG 16 31 i2d4 translate-names 0 Manoah See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 16 31 wv8z figs-explicit 0 Samson had judged Israel for twenty years This same sentence is also in [Judges 15:20](../15/20.md). It is repeated here to remind readers of how long he judged Israel. Alternate translation: “Samson had judged Israel for twenty years before he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 16 31 vmv2 translate-numbers 0 twenty years “20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 17 intro c454 0 # Judges 17 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Idols and figures<br><br>According to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden figures or cast metal idols. This was a form of idolatry. This practice was common in Canaan and it shows the influence the Israelites allowed these people to have on them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
|
||||
JDG 17 1 rrp1 writing-participants 0 There was a man This is a way to introduce a new person to the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
|
||||
JDG 17 1 ke46 translate-names 0 Micah This is the name of a man. It is not the same man who wrote the book of Micah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 17 2 c1x6 translate-numbers 0 1,100 pieces “one thousand one hundred pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 17 2 k7it figs-activepassive 0 that were taken from you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which someone stole from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 17 2 m56x 0 I stole it “I was the one who took it”
|
||||
JDG 17 3 z9j9 translate-numbers 0 1,100 pieces “one thousand one hundred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 17 3 p6yd figs-idiom 0 set apart This means to dedicate something to a specific purpose. Alternate translation: “dedicate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 17 3 sc6v 0 cast metal metal that has been melted and poured into a mold to form a special shape
|
||||
JDG 17 3 ss9u 0 I restore it to you “I give it back to you”
|
||||
JDG 17 4 xsr8 translate-numbers 0 two hundred pieces of silver “200 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 17 4 r9hl figs-activepassive 0 they were placed in the house of Micah The word “they” refers to the metal figures. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Micah placed them in his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 17 5 f5zy figs-explicit 0 a house of idols This refers to a house used specifically for worshiping idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “a house for worshiping idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 17 6 mxx3 figs-metaphor 0 everyone did what was right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “each person did what he decided was right” or “each person did what he judged to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 17 7 z9bc 0 of Bethlehem “from Bethlehem”
|
||||
JDG 17 7 u5wv figs-explicit 0 of the clan of Judah This means that he was living among the family of Judah, that is, the tribe of Judah. Alternate translation: “who was living among the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 17 7 ktm7 0 He stayed there to fulfill his duties “He lived and worked there”
|
||||
JDG 17 8 pd1z 0 find a place to live “find a different place to live”
|
||||
JDG 17 9 u9x8 figs-explicit 0 where I might live It is implied that he is looking for a place to live and work. Alternate translation: “where I might live and have a job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 17 10 s5tz figs-metonymy 0 a father and a priest The word “father” is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal father. Alternate translation: “an advisor and a priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 17 10 mw13 0 I will give you ten pieces of silver a year “I will give you ten pieces of silver each year”
|
||||
JDG 17 10 j73e 0 a suit of clothes “a set of clothes”
|
||||
JDG 17 10 tm7m figs-explicit 0 So the Levite went into his house It is implied that the Levite accepted Micah’s offer, and therefore, entered Micah’s house. Alternate translation: “So the Levite accepted his offer and went into his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 17 11 mvs9 figs-simile 0 the young man became to Micah like one of his sons The relationship between the Levite and Micah became like the close relationship between a father and son. Alternate translation: “the young man became close to Micah and was like one of his sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 17 12 t9an figs-idiom 0 Micah set apart the Levite Here “set apart” means that Micah “dedicated” or “ordained” him. Alternate translation: “Micah dedicated the Levite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 17 12 s6d6 figs-metonymy 0 was in Micah’s house Here living in Micah’s house is spoken of as “being” in his house. Alternate translation: “lived in Micah’s house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 18 intro y2ru 0 # Judges 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tribe of Dan<br><br>The tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. In this chapter, they begin to conquer their land, but they also started to worship an idol. Their conquering of the land is much different than the other tribes’ victories. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 1 d1r4 writing-newevent 0 In those days This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
JDG 18 1 w9qn writing-background 0 In those days … from among the tribes of Israel This is background information about Israel and the people of the tribe of Dan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 18 1 g4f2 figs-explicit 0 not received any inheritance from This refers specifically to land inherited where they would live. Alternate translation: “not received a land inheritance from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 2 f83t figs-metonymy 0 from the whole number of their tribe The phrase “the whole number” refers to all of the men in the tribe. Alternate translation: “from among all of the men in their tribe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 18 2 j6xd 0 experienced warriors “experienced fighters”
|
||||
JDG 18 2 jv96 0 Zorah See how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 2 cgy7 0 Eshtaol See how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 2 wg6e figs-idiom 0 to scout the land on foot The phrase “on foot” means to walk. Alternate translation: “to scout the land by walking through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 18 2 bt98 0 Micah See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 17:1](../17/01.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 3 c2tl figs-metonymy 0 they recognized the speech of the young Levite They recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here “speech” refers to his “voice.” Alternate translation: “they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 18 7 i57p translate-names 0 Laish This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 18 7 a8c9 0 There was no one who conquered “There were no enemies living in their land who had conquered them”
|
||||
JDG 18 7 ch81 0 had no dealings with anyone “had no contact with any outsiders.” This means they lived far enough away from any other city that they lived secluded from other people.
|
||||
JDG 18 8 f5il 0 Zorah Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 8 lih2 0 Eshtaol Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 9 zpe9 figs-rquestion 0 Are you doing nothing? This rhetorical question is asked sarcastically and means that they should be doing the opposite. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be acting now!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JDG 18 9 n8um figs-doublenegatives 0 Do not be slow to attack These two negative words “not” and “slow” together emphasize the positive idea to attack quickly. Alternate translation: “Hurry! Attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JDG 18 10 r61z 0 the land is wide “the land is large.” This is a description of the size of the land.
|
||||
JDG 18 10 ab9j figs-hyperbole 0 that does not lack anything in the land The men use a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that it is a very desirable place to live. Alternate translation: “where we will have everything there that we need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 18 10 aj2l figs-doublenegatives 0 that does not lack anything The two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “has everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
JDG 18 11 b97l translate-numbers 0 Six hundred men “600 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 18 12 z66i translate-names 0 Kiriath Jearim This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 18 12 q4cf 0 Mahaneh Dan Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 12 f453 figs-idiom 0 to this day This means that something remains the same. It refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “and that is still its name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 18 14 l46p 0 Laish Translate the name of this town the same as you did in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 14 g3gr figs-rquestion 0 in these houses there are an ephod,…metal figure? Decide … will do The five men asked this question to suggest and encourage the men that they should steal the idols. This can be written as a statement, and the implied information may be given in a parenthetical phrase. Alternate translation: “these houses contain an ephod,…metal figure. (They were suggesting that the men steal these things.) Decide … will do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 14 g8xi 0 in these houses there are “in one of these house there is” or “among these houses is”
|
||||
JDG 18 15 cx88 0 they turned in there “they turned”
|
||||
JDG 18 15 tf6m 0 they greeted him The word “him” refers to the Levite.
|
||||
JDG 18 16 m84v translate-numbers 0 six hundred Danites “600 Danites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 18 17 a6nq translate-numbers 0 six hundred men “600 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 18 19 fje7 figs-rquestion 0 Is it better for you to be priest for the house of one man … a clan in Israel? They ask this as a rhetorical question to imply that it is true. This question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is better for you to be priest for a tribe and a clan in Israel than for just the house of one man.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 18 20 z2bp figs-synecdoche 0 The priest’s heart was glad Here the priest is referred to by his “heart” to emphasize his emotions. Alternate translation: “The priest was glad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 18 21 v31e figs-explicit 0 They put the small children in front of themselves They traveled this way to protect the children. If Micah and his people attacked them the would reach the warriors first and not the children. Alternate translation: “They put the small children in front of themselves to protect them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 21 t33e 0 they turned “the Danites turned around”
|
||||
JDG 18 22 p9e2 figs-idiom 0 a good distance “some distance.” This refers a short distance but one that is long enough to be considered as measurable progress. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 18 22 l34e figs-activepassive 0 the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house were called together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he called together the men who were in the houses near his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 18 22 vkf1 0 they caught up with the Danites This implies that they ran after them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “running after the Danites, they caught up with them”
|
||||
JDG 18 23 c2k3 figs-rquestion 0 Why have you been called together? This question is a rebuke. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have called your men together to chase us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 18 23 sbb8 figs-activepassive 0 been called together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “called these men together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 18 24 dy7i figs-metonymy 0 the gods that I made Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them. Alternate translation: “the gods which I had made for me” or “the gods which a craftsman made for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 18 24 edz2 figs-rquestion 0 What else do I have left? Micah asks this question to emphasize that he no longer has the things that are important to him. Alternate translation: “I have nothing left.” or “You have taken everything that is important to me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 18 24 i1v2 figs-rquestion 0 How can you ask me, ‘What is bothering you?’ Micah asks this question to emphasize that the Danites definitely know what is bothering him. Alternate translation: “You know that I am greatly distressed!’” or “You know how much I am bothered by what you have done to me!’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 18 25 yzy3 figs-metonymy 0 let us hear you say anything The phrase “us hear you say” refers to the Danites hearing Micah speaking about what had happened, but it also includes if they are told by others that Micah had spoken about what had happened. Alternate translation: “let us find out that you have said anything” or “say anything about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 18 25 pgt9 figs-explicit 0 hear you say anything The word “anything” refers to any information about the Danites coming to Micah’s house and stealing his idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “hear you say anything about this matter” or “hear you say anything about what has happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 25 fqe4 figs-activepassive 0 you and your family will be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “kill you and your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 18 26 g59x figs-idiom 0 went their way This means that they continued on their journey. Alternate translation: “continued on their journey” or “continued travelling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 18 26 v6df figs-explicit 0 they were too strong for him This refers to the Danites being too strong for Micah and his men to fight against. Alternate translation: “they were too strong for him and his men to fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 18 27 k9py figs-metonymy 0 what Micah had made Micah did not make his gods, rather a craftsman made them for him. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that had been made for Micah” or “Micah’s things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 18 27 fw33 0 Laish See how you translated this in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 27 r1pv figs-synecdoche 0 with the edge of the sword “with their swords.” Here “the sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 18 28 p5rb 0 they had no dealings with anyone this means they lived far enough away from any other city, that they lived secluded from other people. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
|
||||
JDG 18 28 vw28 translate-names 0 Beth Rehob This is a name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 18 30 z23n figs-explicit 0 Jonathan son of Gershom, son of Moses This is the name of the young Levite who used to serve as priest for Micah. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The young Levite’s name was Jonathan the son of Gershom, son of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 18 30 myi7 figs-metaphor 0 until the day of the land’s captivity This refers to a time later on when the people of Dan would be captured by their enemies. Here the land being conquered is spoken of as if it were a prisoner taken captive by an enemy. Alternate translation: “until the day that their enemies conquered their land” or “until the day that their enemies took them captive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 18 31 m78z figs-metonymy 0 that he made Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate translation: “that had been made for him” or “that his craftsman made for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 19 intro gj7f 0 # Judges 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The sin of Benjamin<br>People from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor’s wife to death. This was very evil, especially in the ancient Near East. The people of Israel considered mistreatment of a guest one of the worst crimes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
|
||||
JDG 19 1 akh7 writing-newevent 0 In those days This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
|
||||
JDG 19 1 u1qs 0 remote far from where most people live
|
||||
JDG 19 2 p37k figs-explicit 0 was unfaithful to him This means that she was unfaithful in their relationship and that she began to sleep with other men. This can be stated explicitly if necessary. Alternate translation: “began to sleep with other men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 19 3 e9q8 0 His servant was with him, and a pair of donkeys “He took with him his servant and two donkeys”
|
||||
JDG 19 4 bhr2 0 His father-in-law, the girl’s father, persuaded “His father-in-law, that is, the girl’s father, persuaded” or “The girl’s father persuaded”
|
||||
JDG 19 4 v2kw 0 persuaded him to stay “spoke to him so he decided to stay”
|
||||
JDG 19 5 in6x 0 he prepared the Levite prepared
|
||||
JDG 19 5 kp5g figs-synecdoche 0 Strengthen yourself with a bit of bread Here “bread” refers to “food.” Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 19 6 j88k 0 Please be willing to spend the night “Please stay another night”
|
||||
JDG 19 8 a9ur figs-metonymy 0 Strengthen yourself, and wait until the afternoon The father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 19 9 lvj4 0 now the day is advancing toward evening “the day is almost over” or “it is almost evening”
|
||||
JDG 19 10 amf9 0 that is Jerusalem “which was later called Jerusalem”
|
||||
JDG 19 11 l8er figs-idiom 0 Come, let us This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 11 k4l3 figs-idiom 0 turn aside to This means to take a break from their journey and stop somewhere along the route. Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 12 yc4v figs-idiom 0 turn aside into This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 13 mke2 figs-idiom 0 Come, let us This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 15 fgr6 figs-idiom 0 turned aside This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: “stopped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 15 bqt5 0 the city square the marketplace where people gathered during the day
|
||||
JDG 19 15 w9ny figs-idiom 0 took them into his house This phrase means for someone to invite them to spend the night in their home. Alternate translation: “invited them to stay in their house for that night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 16 z1l2 0 Benjamites A Benjamite was a descendant of Benjamin. See how you translated the name of this people group in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
|
||||
JDG 19 17 lsd3 figs-metaphor 0 He raised his eyes Here the man looked up and paid attention to what was around him. Alternate translation: “He looked up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 19 17 h3nh 0 the city square the marketplace where people gathered during the day. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:14](../19/14.md).
|
||||
JDG 19 18 jzg4 figs-idiom 0 who will take me into his house This phrase refers to someone inviting other people into his house to spend the night there. Alternate translation: “who has invited me to stay in his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 18 c5ti figs-synecdoche 0 will take me Here the Levite says “me,” but he is actually referring to himself along with his servant and his concubine. Alternate translation: “will take us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 19 19 he3w figs-activepassive 0 there is bread and wine Change to active voice. Alternate translation: “we have plenty of bread and wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 19 19 gw93 figs-123person 0 me and your female servant here, and for this young man with your servants The Levite speaks of himself and the others as servants and in the third person to show respect. Alternate translation: “me, my concubine, and my servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
|
||||
JDG 19 19 w8hb figs-litotes 0 We lack nothing This can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “We have everything we need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JDG 19 20 ep3p 0 Only do not “Do not.” The word “only” is used here to emphasize what he did not want the Levite to do.
|
||||
JDG 19 20 jm1p 0 square This refers to the city square. See how you translated this [Judges 19:17](../19/17.md).
|
||||
JDG 19 21 z5ah figs-idiom 0 brought the Levite into his house This means that he invited the Levite to spend the night in his house. Also, by inviting the Levite he was inviting the man’s concubine and servant as well. Alternate translation: “invited the Levite and his servants to stay in his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 19 22 dx6j figs-idiom 0 they were making their hearts glad The phrase “making their hearts glad” is an idiom that means to have a good time with someone else. Alternate translation: “they were have a good time together” or “they were enjoying themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 22 q1dh 0 some men of … surrounded the house Some men stood on all sides of the house.
|
||||
JDG 19 24 k4nm 0 See This word is used to get the peoples’ attention. Alternate translation: “Listen”
|
||||
JDG 19 25 lk3t figs-metaphor 0 the men would not listen to him Here the author speaks of “agreeing” as if it were “listening.” Alternate translation: “the men would not accept his offer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 19 25 ty8i 0 the man seized his concubine there could be confusion as to the identity of the man. Alternate translation: “the Levite seized his concubine”
|
||||
JDG 19 25 d28f 0 at dawn “when the sun was coming up” or “at first light” This refers to when the sun begins to rise.
|
||||
JDG 19 26 irp4 figs-idiom 0 it was light This refers to morning when it is bright outside. Alternate translation: “the sun was fully risen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 28 gk5s figs-explicit 0 But there was no answer The woman did not answer because she was dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “But she did not answer because she was dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 19 29 r79a figs-idiom 0 limb by limb “section by section.” The author uses this graphic description of how the Levite cut up her body into specific pieces to emphasize what he did. “Limbs” refers to a person’s arms and legs. If there is not a similar phrase in your language, this description may be left out of the translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 19 29 fx7u translate-numbers 0 twelve pieces “12 pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 19 29 xd3i figs-explicit 0 sent the pieces everywhere throughout Israel This means that he sent the different pieces to twelve different areas of Israel. Alternate translation: “sent each piece to a different place throughout Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 20 intro lla1 0 # Judges 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Benjamin destroyed<br><br>The army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant.
|
||||
JDG 20 1 wg4p figs-simile 0 as one man This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. It refers to a group of who people do everything together in the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 20 1 jp6a figs-merism 0 from Dan to Beersheba This refers to the land as a whole. Alternate translation: “from all the eleven tribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
|
||||
JDG 20 2 ze7s 0 God—400,000 men on foot “God and also 400,000 regular soldiers came”
|
||||
JDG 20 2 hzs8 0 ready to fight “capable of going to war.” They were not going to fight each other.
|
||||
JDG 20 3 sl7g 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author of the book tells background information about what the people of Benjamin knew.
|
||||
JDG 20 3 x8r4 0 had gone up to Mizpah Mizpah was located high in the mountains.
|
||||
JDG 20 4 sa27 0 to spend the night “for the night” or “to stay for a night”
|
||||
JDG 20 6 gkc4 figs-hendiadys 0 wickedness and outrage The word “outrage” describes the “wickedness.” Alternate translation: “outrageous wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
|
||||
JDG 20 7 h9h3 0 Now This word is used to introduce the conclusion of the speech of the Levite.
|
||||
JDG 20 7 wp5t figs-doublet 0 give your advice and counsel here The words “advice” and “counsel” refer to the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “decide what we need to do about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
JDG 20 8 s9g2 figs-simile 0 as one This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. They all acted together in exactly the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
JDG 20 8 s835 figs-parallelism 0 None of us will go to his tent … none of us will return to his house These two clauses say basically the same thing twice for emphasis. They can be combined. The words “none … go” and “none … return” emphasizes how the people will continue to stay there. They can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “We will all stay here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
||||
JDG 20 9 xy7l 0 But now These words introduce the main portion of what the people say after the initial exclamation.
|
||||
JDG 20 9 l369 0 as the lot directs This involved tossing or rolling small marked stones to determine what God wants.
|
||||
JDG 20 10 wsa9 translate-numbers 0 ten men of a hundred … one hundred of a thousand … one thousand of ten thousand “10 men out of 100…100 out of 1,000…1,000 out of 10,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 10 mm9k 0 provisions food and other things the people need
|
||||
JDG 20 11 wfs1 0 assembled against the city “came together to attack the city”
|
||||
JDG 20 13 m9f5 figs-idiom 0 put them to death This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “kill them” or “execute them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 20 13 n1zx figs-metonymy 0 the voice of their brothers Here “voice” refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate translation: “what their brother said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
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JDG 20 15 s9ku translate-numbers 0 twenty-six thousand “26,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 15 g1vk translate-numbers 0 seven hundred “700” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JDG 20 16 a8xm 0 left-handed A left-handed person is someone who is more skilled with their left hand than with their right hand.
|
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JDG 20 16 u1tj 0 could sling a stone at a hair and not miss This show how amazingly well they could aim and hit their target. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “could throw a stone at even a hair and hit it” or “could throw a stone at something as small as a hair and hit it”
|
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JDG 20 17 apy5 0 not counting “not including”
|
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JDG 20 17 g8sz translate-numbers 0 400000 “four hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JDG 20 18 w2v7 0 asked for advice from God “asked God what to do” or “asked God how to continue”
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JDG 20 19 k8jq 0 moved their camp near Gibeah There is some question about the meaning of the Hebrew text. Instead of meaning that they set up their camp near Gibeah, it could mean that the army went out and stood across from Gibeah ready to fight.
|
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JDG 20 21 vj4c translate-numbers 0 twenty-two thousand “22,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JDG 20 22 cr9j figs-idiom 0 strengthened themselves Here “strengthened” is an idiom that means they encouraged each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
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JDG 20 22 wb6t 0 they formed the battle line This probably means that the Israelites prepared their battle lines for the next day’s fighting. Alternate translation: “they got ready to fight the next day”
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JDG 20 23 cpc2 0 they sought direction from Yahweh The method they used is not stated. The priest may have cast lots to determine God’s will.
|
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JDG 20 25 t59r translate-numbers 0 eighteen thousand “18,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
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JDG 20 26 y97x 0 before Yahweh “in Yahweh’s presence” or “to Yahweh”
|
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JDG 20 27 usm6 writing-background 0 for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those days This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
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JDG 20 27 cs7a 0 was there in those days “was at Bethel in those days”
|
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JDG 20 28 ly8e writing-background 0 and Phinehas … was serving before the ark in those days This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
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JDG 20 28 d9ma figs-explicit 0 was serving before the ark The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “was serving as priest before the ark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
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JDG 20 28 w427 figs-explicit 0 Attack The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Attack the army of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JDG 20 29 f7uq figs-metonymy 0 Israel set men Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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JDG 20 29 k5i5 0 secret places “in ambush”
|
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JDG 20 31 t9eh figs-explicit 0 fought against the people The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
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JDG 20 31 d8me figs-activepassive 0 they were drawn away from the city This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel drew them away from the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
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JDG 20 31 z77c figs-explicit 0 They began to kill some of the people The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Benjamin began to kill some of the men of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 20 32 e81w 0 just as at first “just as before” or “just like the first two times”
|
||||
JDG 20 33 a2ik translate-names 0 Baal Tamar This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 20 33 swx2 translate-names 0 Maareh Gibeah This is the name of a place. Other translations may read “fields of Gibeah” or “west of Gibeah” or “Maareh Geba.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 20 34 de7z translate-numbers 0 ten thousand “10,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 34 wk8a figs-idiom 0 chosen men This is an idiom that means these were particularly good soldiers. Alternate translation: “well-trained soldier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 20 34 p4k5 figs-metaphor 0 disaster was close to them Here immanent disaster is spoken of as if it was standing very close by them. Alternate translation: “they would soon be completely defeated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 20 35 bt91 translate-numbers 0 25,100 men “twenty-five thousand one hundred men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 36 mrd4 writing-background 0 The men of Israel had given ground to Benjamin, because they were counting on the men … outside Gibeah From this sentence until the end of verse 41 is background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 20 36 i3ru figs-idiom 0 had given ground to Benjamin This is an idiom that means they intentionally retreated. Alternate translation: “had allowed Benjamin to move forward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 20 36 sq9e figs-idiom 0 they were counting on the men This is an idiom that means they trusted their men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 20 39 btm9 writing-background 0 General Information: This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 20 39 t29b 0 would turn from the battle “would retreat from the fight”
|
||||
JDG 20 39 vbr9 figs-activepassive 0 they are defeated before us This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we have defeated them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 20 40 w5ns writing-background 0 General Information: This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 20 41 ltm1 0 disaster great harm, trouble, misery
|
||||
JDG 20 41 jg8p figs-idiom 0 come on them This idiom means it happened to them. Alternate translation: “happened to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 20 42 pdp2 figs-personification 0 But the fighting overtook them This speaks about fighting as if it were a person who could overtake someone. Alternate translation: “But the soldiers of Israel caught up to them” or “But they were not able to escape the fighting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
JDG 20 43 xh56 translate-names 0 Nohah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 20 43 cis4 figs-metaphor 0 trampled them down The completed destruction of the Benjamites is spoken of as if the Israelites stomped on their bodies. Alternate translation: “they completely destroyed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 20 44 jd79 translate-numbers 0 eighteen thousand “18,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 44 c8tw 0 were distinguished in battle “had fought bravely in the battle”
|
||||
JDG 20 45 akn8 0 They turned and fled “The remaining Benjamites turned and fled”
|
||||
JDG 20 45 e3cs translate-numbers 0 five thousand … two thousand “5,000…2,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 45 y3ry translate-names 0 Gidom This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 20 46 d674 translate-numbers 0 twenty-five thousand “25,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 47 h1ci translate-numbers 0 six hundred “600” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 20 48 h7m3 0 turned back against the people of Benjamin These people of Benjamin are not the soldiers who fled to the rock of Rimmon, but the ones who were still in the city.
|
||||
JDG 20 48 l4rw figs-metonymy 0 the city Here “the city” refers to the people in that city. Alternate translation: “everyone who was in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
JDG 20 48 ue39 figs-idiom 0 in their path This idiom refers to everything that they found as they went toward the city. Alternate translation: “they came to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
JDG 21 intro bf76 0 # Judges 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter concludes the account of the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sin and immorality<br><br>At the end of Judges, there is much sin and immorality. The people are doing wrong and fixing their wrongs by doing more evil things. This period of Judges is typified by this final account and summarized by the statement, “everyone did what was right in his own eyes.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
|
||||
JDG 21 1 w65e writing-background 0 Now the men of Israel had made a promise … marry a Benjamite.” This background information tells the reader about the promise that the Israelites made before the battle with the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 21 1 rw2t 0 Benjamite This is the name of the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
|
||||
JDG 21 3 q8cb figs-rquestion 0 Why, Yahweh, God of Israel, has this happened to Israel, that one of our tribes should be missing today? The people of Israel used this rhetorical question to express their deep sadness. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Oh Yahweh, we are so sad that one of the tribes of Israel has been completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
JDG 21 5 xs35 0 The people of Israel said, “Which of all the tribes of Israel did not come up in the assembly to Yahweh?” The people are referring back to the assembly of the Israelites at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites.
|
||||
JDG 21 5 p72f writing-background 0 For they had made an important promise concerning anyone who did not come up to Yahweh at Mizpah. They said, “He would certainly be put to death.” This is background information to explain to the reader the promise that the Israelites had made at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 21 5 flc8 figs-activepassive 0 He would certainly be put to death Here “He” refers to anyone who did not go to Mizpah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We will certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 21 6 yb7g figs-metaphor 0 their brother Benjamin This speaks of the tribe of Benjamin as if it were Israel’s brother to show their closeness to the tribe. Alternate translation: “the surviving Benjamites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
JDG 21 6 j93p figs-metaphor 0 one tribe has been cut off from Israel The destruction of the tribe of Benjamin is spoken of as if it had been cut off from Israel by a knife. This was an exaggeration because 600 men were still left. However, the women of Benjamin had been killed, so the future of the tribe was in question. Alternate translation: “one tribe has been removed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 21 7 dms9 0 Who will provide wives for those who are left, since we have made a promise to Yahweh that we will not let any of them marry our daughters? The Israelites wanted to provide wives for the few surviving Benjamites, but their promise at Mizpah prevented them from doing that.
|
||||
JDG 21 8 vtf2 translate-names 0 Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 21 9 jyg7 0 people were set out in an orderly manner “people that were assembled at Mizpah were accounted for”
|
||||
JDG 21 9 qs2v figs-explicit 0 none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead were there This refers back to the earlier assembly at Mizpah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had been present at Mizpah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 21 10 p52b translate-numbers 0 twelve thousand “12,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 21 10 qw5x 0 strike the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead with the edge of the sword, including the women and children The next verse will add an exception to this general instruction.
|
||||
JDG 21 10 ajh8 0 strike … with the edge of the sword “kill … with their swords”
|
||||
JDG 21 12 n2u2 0 Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md).
|
||||
JDG 21 12 ani7 translate-numbers 0 four hundred young women “400 young women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
JDG 21 12 w47b figs-euphemism 0 who had not known a man by lying with him This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “who had not had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
JDG 21 13 c39b figs-abstractnouns 0 they were offering them peace The abstract noun “peace” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “they wanted to stop fighting with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 21 14 h1ad 0 Jabesh Gilead This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md).
|
||||
JDG 21 14 iu7g 0 there were not enough women for all of them There were six hundred Benjamite men, and only four hundred women from Jabesh Gilead.
|
||||
JDG 21 15 v114 0 made a division between the tribes of Israel “had caused the tribes of Israel not to be unified”
|
||||
JDG 21 16 sc2b 0 Benjamites This refers to the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
|
||||
JDG 21 16 rgy2 figs-activepassive 0 the women of Benjamin have been killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we killed all the Benjamite women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
JDG 21 17 mk7l figs-hyperbole 0 There must be an inheritance … is not destroyed from Israel The Israelites are exaggerating. They had already given wives to four hundred of the Benjamites, so the tribe would not be completely destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
JDG 21 18 qnk3 figs-synecdoche 0 a wife to Benjamin Here Benjamin refers to the male descendants of Benjamin. Alternate translation: “a wife to the men of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
JDG 21 19 u453 writing-background 0 which is north of Bethel, east of the road that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of Lebonah This is background information to explain to the reader where the city of Shiloh is located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
|
||||
JDG 21 19 m2hz translate-names 0 Lebonah This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
|
||||
JDG 21 21 am3f figs-explicit 0 each one of you should grab a wife … go back to the land of Benjamin It is understood that the Benjamites would take these women back to their own land with them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “each one of you should seize one of the girls of Shiloh, and then take her back with you to the land of Benjamin to become your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 21 22 z5gg figs-abstractnouns 0 Show us favor The abstract noun “favor” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “Act kindly toward us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
JDG 21 22 zsi5 figs-explicit 0 because we did not get wives for each man during the war The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because we did not get wives for each of them during the war with Jabesh Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
JDG 21 22 pcc6 0 You are innocent … not give your daughters to them This refers to the men of Shiloh. They did not voluntarily give their daughters to the Benjamites, and therefore did not break their promise not to do that.
|
||||
JDG 21 23 ng9r 0 the number of wives that they needed This refers to one wife for each of the two hundred Benjamite men who did not receive wives from Jabesh Gilead ([Judges 21:14](../21/14.md)).
|
||||
JDG 21 25 b8xe 0 there was no king in Israel “Israel did not yet have a king”
|
||||
JDG 21 25 d46g figs-metaphor 0 what was right in his own eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what he judged to be right” or “what he considered to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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1438
fr_tn_10-2SA.tsv
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Reference in New Issue