Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
EXO	front	intro	b4pp			0		# Introduction to Exodus<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Exodus<br><br>1. Israel in Egypt; preparing to depart from slavery (1–12)<br>- First genealogy (1:1–6)<br>- Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22)<br>- Moses’ history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26)<br>- Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13)<br>- Second genealogy (6:14–27)<br>- Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25)<br>- The plagues (8:1–11:10)<br>1. Instructions for celebrating the Passover (12:1–30)<br>1. From Egypt to Mount Sinai (12:31–18:27)<br>- The Passover; preparing to leave Egypt; leaving Egypt (12:31–50, 13:1–22)<br>- Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai (14:1–18:27)<br>1. Mount Sinai and the Law (19-40)<br>- Preparing for the covenant (19:1–25)<br>- The Ten Commandments (20:1–17)<br>- The covenant described (20:18–23:33)<br>- The people agree to the covenant; Moses returns to Mount Sinai (24:1–18)<br>- Design of the tabernacle and its furnishings; what was required of those who serve in it; tabernacle functions (25:1–31:18)<br>- The golden calf; Moses prays for the people (32:1–33:22)<br>- The covenant described again (34:1–35)<br>- Making of the ark and its furnishings (35:1–38:31) and priestly garments (39:1–43, 40:1–33)<br>- The cloud (40:34–38)<br><br>### What is the Book of Exodus about?<br><br>Exodus continues the story of the previous book, Genesis. The first half of Exodus is about how Yahweh made Abraham’s descendants into a nation. This nation, which would be called “Israel,” was meant to belong to Yahweh and worship him. The second half of Exodus describes how God gave the Israelites his law through Moses. The law of Moses told the Israelites how to obey and worship Yahweh properly.<br><br>The Book of Exodus tells how the Israelites were to build the tabernacle. The tabernacle was a tent where Yahweh would be among his people. The Israelites worshiped and sacrificed animals to Yahweh at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>“Exodus” means “exit” or “departure.” Translators may translate this title in a way that can communicate its subject clearly, for example, “About the Israelites Leaving Egypt” or “How the Israelites Left the Land of Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Exodus?<br><br>The writers of both the Old and New Testaments present Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Exodus. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.<br><br>### Why did Moses write so much about God delivering or rescuing the people of Israel?<br><br>Moses wrote much about God rescuing his people from the Egyptians to show that Yahweh is very powerful. Egypt was the most powerful nation at that time. And Yahweh was still able to free the Israelites from the Egyptians. Also, by rescuing the Israelites, Yahweh showed that he had chosen them as his people and they should worship him.<br><br>### How does the Book of Exodus show the fulfillment of the promises given to Abraham?<br><br>The Book of Exodus shows God beginning to fulfill his promise to Abraham. In Genesis, God promised Abraham that he would have many descendants and that they would become a large nation. When God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians, he took them to Mount Sinai. There he made a covenant with them, and they became the nation that belonged to Yahweh.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What was the Jewish Passover?<br><br>The Jewish Passover was a religious festival. Yahweh commanded the Israelites to celebrate it every year. Passover was a time to remember how God rescued them from the Egyptians. The first Passover meal was eaten in the evening just before they left Egypt.<br><br>### What was the law of Moses to the people of Israel?<br><br>The law of Moses instructed the people of Israel what Yahweh required them to do as his people. In the law, God told the people how they should live so that they honor him. He also instructed them about their need to offer animal sacrifices. God required these sacrifices so that he could forgive their sins and continue living among them. The law also described the duties of the priests and told how to build the tabernacle.<br><br>### What did it mean that Israel was to be a “kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (19:6 ULT)?<br><br>Israel was a holy nation because Yahweh separated them from all other nations to belong to him. They were to honor and worship him only. This made them different than all the other nations of the world. These other nations worshiped many false gods.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Why are the details of the construction of the tabernacle in Exodus 25–32 repeated in Exodus 35–40?<br><br>In Exodus 25-32, God describes exactly how the tabernacle was to be built. The details were repeated in Exodus 35-40. This showed that the people were to be careful to do exactly as God commanded.<br><br>### Are the events in the order that they actually happened?<br><br>Most but not all of the events in the Book of Exodus are told in the order that they actually happened. Translators may need to make it clear when the events are in an unusual order.<br><br>### What does it mean that God “lived” among his people?<br><br>The Book of Exodus presents God as living in the tabernacle among the nation of Israel. God is everywhere, but he lived among the Israelites in a special way. God dwelled with Israelites because they belonged to him. He promised to lead them and bless them. In return, the people were to worship him and honor him.
EXO	1	intro	cj55			0		# Exodus 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition with the last chapter of the book of Genesis.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s growth<br>Israel grew in number. This was in fulfillment of the covenant God made with Abraham. It also caused the Egyptians great concern that there would be more Israelites than Egyptians because they would be unable to defend themselves against such a large number of people. Pharaoh also tried to kill all of the male babies so they would not become soldiers who fought against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### End of the famine<br>It is obvious that some time has passed since the beginning of the famine which brought the Israelites into Egypt. Yahweh appears to be punishing the Hebrews for not returning back to the Promised Land instead choosing to stay in Egypt. No return attempt is recorded to have been made. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “All of the descendants of Jacob were seventy in number”<br>This number included both Jacob’s children and grandchildren. It may cause confusion, but it is important to remember Jacob only had 12 sons.
EXO	1	1	g89k	figs-metonymy		0	household	This refers to all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	1	5	fv84	translate-numbers		0	seventy in number	“70 in number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	1	5	w4ni			0	Joseph was already in Egypt	“Joseph lived in Egypt before his brothers”
EXO	1	6	g5qg			0	all his brothers	This includes 10 older brothers and 1 younger brother.
EXO	1	7	nk2l	figs-metaphor		0	were fruitful	The birth of children to the Israelites is spoken of as if they were plants that were producing fruit. Alternate translation: “had many children” or “gave birth to many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	1	7	r2f1	figs-activepassive		0	the land was filled with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They filled the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	1	7	piq4			0	with them	The word “them” refers to the Israelites.
EXO	1	8	t6jd	figs-metonymy		0	arose over Egypt	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “began to rule over the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	1	9	tf59			0	He said to his people	“The king said to his people”
EXO	1	9	x65i			0	his people	These were the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians.
EXO	1	10	hiq4	figs-inclusive		0	let us	The word “us” is inclusive and refers to the king and his people, the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
EXO	1	10	d9tc	figs-personification		0	war breaks out	Here war is spoken of as a person that is able to act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	1	10	jc1h			0	leave the land	“leave Egypt”
EXO	1	11	y2mi			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work
EXO	1	11	l9lj			0	to oppress them with hard labor	“to force the Israelites to do hard work for the Egyptians”
EXO	1	11	pkz4			0	store cities	These were places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe.
EXO	1	13	j1q6			0	made…work rigorously	“made…work very hard” or “harshly made…work”
EXO	1	14	mx6v	figs-metaphor		0	made their lives bitter	The difficult lives of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were bitter food that was difficult to eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	1	14	cuq7			0	mortar	This was a wet glue or mud put between bricks or stones that held them together when it dried.
EXO	1	14	gzq7			0	All their required work was hard	“The Egyptians made them work very hard” or “The Egyptians forced them to work very hard”
EXO	1	15	yly5			0	king of Egypt	The king of Egypt is called Pharaoh.
EXO	1	15	hhw1			0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby.
EXO	1	15	h8f8	translate-names		0	Shiphrah…Puah	These are Hebrew women’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	1	16	h3mb	figs-metonymy		0	on the birthstool	Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: “as they give birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	1	18	y9g5			0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:16](../01/16.md).
EXO	1	18	q1sy	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live?	Pharaoh asked this question to rebuke the midwives for allowing the male children to live. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have disobeyed my order by not killing the male babies!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	1	19	i8m1			0	The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women	The midwives answered wisely to appease Pharaoh’s anger.
EXO	1	20	l8xb			0	God protected these midwives	God kept Pharaoh from killing these midwives.
EXO	1	20	eh25			0	midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:16](../01/16.md).
EXO	1	20	h133			0	The people increased in numbers	“The Israelites increased in numbers”
EXO	1	21	zj4t			0	feared God	“revered God” or “had reverence for God”
EXO	1	21	jx9c			0	he gave them families	“the enabled them to have children”
EXO	1	22	ld1j	figs-explicit		0	You must throw every son…into the river	This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must…into the river so they will drown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	2	intro	rwf3			0		# Exodus 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ heritage<br>In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh’s daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Ironic situations<br>While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, Yahweh used Pharaoh’s own daughter to save Moses. Moses was the one who would ultimately be used by Yahweh to deliver Israel.
EXO	2	1	wvj9	writing-newevent		0	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
EXO	2	3	t2gj			0	papyrus basket	This is a basket made from a tall grass that grows by the Nile River in Egypt.
EXO	2	3	tn3y	figs-explicit		0	sealed it with bitumen and pitch	You could explicitly state that this was to keep out water. Alternate translation: “spread tar on it to keep water from getting into it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	2	3	wpb6			0	sealed	Here “sealed” means that she applied a waterproof coating.
EXO	2	3	ym3k	translate-unknown		0	bitumen	This is a sticky black paste made from petroleum. It can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	2	3	v825	translate-unknown		0	pitch	This is a sticky brown or black paste that can be made from tree sap or from petroleum. Therefore, “pitch” would include not only “bitumen” but also plant-based resins. It too can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” or “resin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	2	3	y8gq			0	reeds	These “reeds” were a type of tall grass that grew in flat, wet areas.
EXO	2	4	av8b			0	at a distance	This means she stood far enough away so that she would not be noticed, but close enough to see the basket.
EXO	2	5	bi7s			0	her attendants	the young women whose job was to be with her and make sure nothing bad happened to her
EXO	2	6	g9n6			0	Behold	The word “behold” signals the surprising information that follows.
EXO	2	7	d7aj			0	nurse	feed with milk from the breast
EXO	2	10	zj8h			0	she brought him	“the Hebrew woman brought him”
EXO	2	10	j7n1			0	he became her son	“he became the adopted son of Pharaoh’s daughter”
EXO	2	10	nh2m			0	Because I drew him from the water	Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Moses sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘pull.’”
EXO	2	10	yax4			0	drew him	“pulled him”
EXO	2	11	swn3			0	striking a Hebrew	“hitting a Hebrew” or “beating a Hebrew”
EXO	2	12	m9bn	figs-merism		0	He looked this way and that way	These two opposite directions have the combined meaning of “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “He looked all around” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
EXO	2	13	qn45			0	He went out	“Moses went out”
EXO	2	13	rgn1			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw. You can use a word in your language that will give this meaning.
EXO	2	13	i4d6	figs-idiom		0	the one who was in the wrong	This was a customary way of saying “the one who started the fight.” Alternate translation: “the one who was guilty of starting the fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	2	14	qb2n	figs-rquestion		0	Who made you a leader and judge over us?	The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alternate translation: “You are not our leader and have no right to judge us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	2	14	k6s5	figs-rquestion		0	Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian?	The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: “We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	2	15	hh78			0	Now when Pharaoh heard about it	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the incident.
EXO	2	16	shg5			0	Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author tells about new people in the narrative.
EXO	2	16	i2jh			0	drew water	This means that they brought up water from a well.
EXO	2	16	g1e6			0	troughs	a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of
EXO	2	17	r3lp			0	drive them away	“chase them away”
EXO	2	17	z17m			0	helped them	“rescued them”
EXO	2	20	x9yb	figs-rquestion		0	Why did you leave the man?	This question is a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: “You should not have left this man at the well!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	2	21	zvr1			0	Moses agreed to stay with the man	“Moses agreed to live with Reuel”
EXO	2	21	y3q7	translate-names		0	Zipporah	This is Reuel’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	2	22	n5b1	translate-names		0	Gershom	This is Moses’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	2	22	q7d8			0	resident in a foreign land	“stranger in a foreign land”
EXO	2	23	csg2			0	groaned	They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: “sighed deeply”
EXO	2	23	x84a	figs-personification		0	their pleas went up to God	The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: “God heard their pleas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	2	24	sja4	figs-idiom		0	God called to mind his covenant	This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: “God remembered his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	3	intro	n6ze			0		# Exodus 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records one of the most important events in the history of the Israelite people: the revelation of the name Yahweh at the burning bush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s holiness<br>God is so holy that people could not look upon him without dying. This is why Moses covered his eyes. It is also why he took off his shoes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh<br>The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God, which he revealed to Moses. It is by this name, he is known. Yahweh means “I am.” Some translations use all capitals to set this apart, “I AM.” Great care must be taken in translating the phrase “I am that I am.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]])
EXO	3	2	lwq7			0	angel of Yahweh	This was Yahweh himself appearing as an angel, and not just an angel that Yahweh sent. “Yahweh appeared as an angel” .
EXO	3	2	x5ci			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
EXO	3	2	d3tf			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses saw something that was very different from what he expected.
EXO	3	5	prv9			0	set apart	“made holy”
EXO	3	6	sxk8			0	the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	All of these men worshiped the same God. Alternate translation: “the God of your father, of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob”
EXO	3	6	l5sy			0	your father	Possible meanings are (1) “your ancestor” or (2) “your father.” If it means “your ancestor,” then the phrases following it clarify who “your father” refers to: it refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If it means “your father,” then it refers to Moses’s own father.
EXO	3	7	xx7r			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
EXO	3	8	pxy8	figs-metaphor		0	a land flowing with milk and honey	“a land where milk and honey flow.” God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	8	dtz9			0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
EXO	3	8	q94i	figs-metonymy		0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	8	l1as	figs-metonymy		0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	9	uup9	figs-personification		0	the shouts of the people of Israel have come to me	Here the word “shouts” are spoken of as if they were persons who are capable of moving on their own. Alternate translation: “I have heard the cries of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	3	11	y8cr	figs-rquestion		0	Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh…Egypt?	Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is a nobody and no one will listen to him. Alternate translation: “I am not important enough to go to Pharaoh…Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	3	14	cli8			0	God said to Moses, “I AM THAT I AM.”	This is God’s response to Moses’ question about God’s name. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “God said to Moses, ‘Tell them that God says his name is, “I AM THAT I AM.”’”
EXO	3	14	b6vk			0	I AM THAT I AM	Possible meanings are (1) this whole sentence is God’s name or (2) God is not telling his name but something about himself. By saying this, God is teaching that he is eternal; he has always lived and always will live.
EXO	3	14	s62u			0	I AM	Languages that do not have an equivalent to the verb “am” may need to render this as “I LIVE” or “I EXIST.”
EXO	3	16	ec3v			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	3	16	xqy9			0	the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of Moses’s ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
EXO	3	16	fv77			0	I have indeed observed you	The word “you” refers to the people of Israel.
EXO	3	17	pwn5	figs-metaphor		0	a land flowing with milk and honey	“a land where milk and honey flow.” God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	17	za9l			0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
EXO	3	17	rtr5	figs-metonymy		0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	17	msf8	figs-metonymy		0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	18	j24k			0	They will listen to you	The word “you” refers to Moses. Alternate translation: “The elders will listen to you”
EXO	3	19	idp7			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	3	19	qf46	figs-metonymy		0	unless his hand is forced	This can be stated in active form. The word “hand” is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are (1) “only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else,” where the “hand” belongs to Pharaoh; where the “hand” belongs to Yahweh, (2) “only if I force him to let you go” or (3) “not even if I force him to let you go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	3	20	yds5	figs-metonymy		0	I will reach out with my hand and attack	Here “hand” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “I will powerfully attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	3	21	kt7b	figs-doublenegatives		0	will not go empty-handed	The word here “empty-handed” is used to emphasize the opposite meaning. Alternate translation: “will go with your hands full of good things” or “will go with many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	3	22	w2av			0	any women staying in her neighbors’ houses	“any Egyptian woman staying in the houses of her Egyptian neighbors”
EXO	4	intro	kap5			0		# Exodus 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses does not understand<br>Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh’s doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Children of God<br>This chapter really introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God’s children, possibly God’s firstborn children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	4	1	j4yg			0	if they do not believe	“if the Israelites do not believe”
EXO	4	4	g6bk			0	take it by the tail	“pick it up by the tail” or “grasp it by the tail”
EXO	4	4	m86n			0	became a staff	“turned into a rod” or “changed into a staff”
EXO	4	5	jr8m			0	the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of their ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
EXO	4	6	ep52	figs-exclamations		0	behold	This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
EXO	4	6	pw7g	figs-simile		0	as white as snow	The word “as” here is used to compare what Moses’ hand looked like. Leprosy causes the skin to look white. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: “as white as wool or as white as the sand on the beach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	4	8	lsb3			0	pay attention	“acknowledge” or “accept”
EXO	4	10	w12a			0	have never been eloquent	“have never been an excellent speaker”
EXO	4	10	bv64	figs-doublet		0	I am slow of speech and slow of tongue	The phrases “slow of speech” and “slow of tongue” mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize that he is not a good speaker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO	4	10	zm3y	figs-metonymy		0	slow of tongue	Here “tongue” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “unable to speak well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	11	ks2m	figs-rquestion		0	Who is it who made man’s mouth?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the Creator who makes if possible for people to speak. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh am the one who created the human mouth and the ability to speak!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	4	11	e1y6	figs-rquestion		0	Who makes a man mute or deaf or seeing or blind?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the one who decides if people can speak and hear, and if they can see. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh make people able to speak, or hear, or to see, or to be blind!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	4	11	uq7j	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not I, Yahweh?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he alone makes these decisions. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am the one who does this!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	4	12	kkr1	figs-metonymy		0	I will be with your mouth	Here “mouth” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “I will give you the ability to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	14	ew4h	figs-metonymy		0	he will be glad in his heart	Here “heart” refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: “he will be very happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	15	u97f	figs-metaphor		0	put the words to say into his mouth	Words here are spoken of as if they were something that can be physically placed in a person’s mouth. Alternate translation: “give him the message that he is to repeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	4	15	q9cf	figs-metonymy		0	I will be with your mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Moses choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give you the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	15	v57x	figs-metonymy		0	with his mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Aaron’s choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give him the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	16	z24t	figs-metonymy		0	He will be your mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Aaron repeating what Moses told him. Alternate translation: “He will say what you tell him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	16	gn5v	figs-simile		0	you will be to him like me, God	The word “like” here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: “you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	4	18	b6mf			0	father-in-law	This refers to the father of Moses’ wife.
EXO	4	21	bq9d	figs-synecdoche		0	will harden his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	4	22	pt4n	figs-metonymy		0	Israel is my son	The word “Israel” here represents all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel are my own children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	22	j4av	figs-metaphor		0	is my son, my firstborn	Here the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a firstborn son who causes joy and pride. Alternate translation: “is like my own firstborn son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	4	23	k7mh	figs-metonymy		0	you have refused to let him go	The word “him” refers to the people of Israel as God’s son. Alternate translation: “you have refused to let my son go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	4	23	re11			0	I will certainly kill your son, your firstborn	The word “son” here refers to the actual son of Pharaoh.
EXO	4	24	sp6h			0	Yahweh met Moses and tried to kill him	This may have been because Moses had not circumcised his son.
EXO	4	25	m1la	translate-names		0	Zipporah	This is the name of Moses’s wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	4	25	a36h			0	flint knife	This was a knife with a sharpened stone blade.
EXO	4	25	l6sr	figs-euphemism		0	to his feet	It is possible that the word “feet” here may have been a more respectful way to refer to the genital area of the body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	4	25	b2t3	figs-metaphor		0	you are a bridegroom to me by blood	The meaning of this metaphor is unclear. It was probably a known saying in that culture. Alternate translation: “you are related to me by this blood” or “you are my husband because of blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	4	27	xk6b			0	Yahweh said to Aaron	You may want to add a word that marks the beginning of a new part of the story, as the UST does with the word “Meanwhile.”
EXO	4	27	wy4n			0	at the mountain of God	This may have been the mountain at Sinai, but the text does not include that information.
EXO	4	28	b429			0	he had sent him to say	The word “he” refers to Yahweh, and “him” refers to Moses.
EXO	4	30	bm2x			0	in the sight of the people	“before the people” or “in the presence of the people”
EXO	4	31	q1er			0	had observed the Israelites	“saw the Israelites” or “was concerned about the Israelites”
EXO	4	31	g83a	translate-symaction		0	they bowed their heads	Possible meanings are (1) “they bowed their heads in awe” or (2) “they bowed down low in reverence.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EXO	5	intro	kea2			0		# Exodus 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### A slave’s work<br>The Egyptians were known for making their slaves do a lot of work. They were forced to make a specific number of bricks every day. In this chapter, the were required to not only make these bricks, but also to gather the straw in order to make these bricks.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Let my people go”<br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br><br>### Titles<br>The leaders are given different titles in this chapter. The ULT uses “taskmasters” and “foremen.” Many cultures will not have these types of titles. Generic expressions like “Egyptian leaders” and “Hebrew leaders” may be necessary.
EXO	5	1	q9kn			0	After these things happened	It is unclear how long Moses and Aaron waited until they went to see Pharoah.
EXO	5	1	u2vt			0	festival for me	This is a celebration to worship Yahweh.
EXO	5	2	cm2l	figs-rquestion		0	Who is Yahweh?	Pharaoh uses this question to show that he does not recognize Yahweh as a legitimate god. Alternate translation: “I do not know Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	2	v4c1	figs-rquestion		0	Why should I…let Israel go?	Pharaoh uses this question to state that he has no interest in obeying Yahweh or in letting the Israelites go to worship him. Alternate translation: “He is nothing to me and I will not let Israel go!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	2	c653	figs-metonymy		0	listen to his voice	The words “his voice” represent the words God spoke. Alternate translation: “listen to what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	5	3	y9ip			0	God of the Hebrews	This is a term also used for the Israelites’ God or Yahweh.
EXO	5	3	gfs5	figs-metonymy		0	or with the sword	Here “sword” represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: “or cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	5	4	kl1i	figs-rquestion		0	why are you taking the people from their work?	Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: “stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	6	zd4m			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
EXO	5	7	p9nx	figs-you		0	you must no longer give	The word “you” in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	5	10	x4bi			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
EXO	5	10	gb4d	figs-you		0	I will no longer give you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	5	11	xe4i	figs-you		0	you can find…your workload	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	5	11	w918	figs-rpronouns		0	You yourselves must go	Here “yourselves” emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
EXO	5	11	g5vb			0	your workload will not be reduced	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before”
EXO	5	12	s9dk	figs-hyperbole		0	throughout all the land of Egypt	This is an generalization used to show the extra effort Israel made to meet Pharaoh’s demands. Alternate translation: “to many places throughout Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EXO	5	12	q7y7			0	stubble	the part of a plant that is left over after harvest
EXO	5	13	th6x			0	taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
EXO	5	14	eq22	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you…in the past?	The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: “You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	15	emq7			0	cried out	“complained”
EXO	5	16	hsa6			0	they are still telling us, ‘Make bricks!’	Here “they” refers to the Egyptian taskmasters.
EXO	5	19	l9d2	figs-activepassive		0	when they were told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when Pharaoh told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	5	20	ve3z			0	palace	This is a very large house that a king lives in.
EXO	5	21	j3zp	figs-metaphor		0	you have made us offensive	The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a foul odor. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to hate us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	5	21	d592	figs-metonymy		0	have put a sword in their hand to kill us	Here “a sword” represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: “have given them a reason to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	5	22	g4d5	figs-rquestion		0	Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people?	This question shows how disappointed he was that the Egyptians were treating the Israelites even more harshly now. Alternate translation: “Lord, I am sorry that you have caused this trouble for this people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	22	w8t1	figs-rquestion		0	Why did you send me in the first place?	This question shows how disappointed Moses was that God had sent him to Egypt. Alternate translation: “I wish you had never sent me here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	5	23	v2k2	figs-metonymy		0	to speak to him in your name	The word “name” here represents the message of God. Alternate translation: “to give him your message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	6	intro	we5k			0		# Exodus 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Promised Land<br>According to the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham, Egypt is not the home of the Hebrew people. It is the Promised Land in Canaan. The people are to return home to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
EXO	6	1	ece6	figs-metonymy		0	my strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	6	3	l81y			0	I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob	“I showed myself to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob”
EXO	6	3	m27p	figs-activepassive		0	I was not known to them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They did not know me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	6	5	l3yc			0	groaning	This means making sad sounds because of pain and suffering.
EXO	6	6	yv14			0	say to the Israelites	This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. “Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites”
EXO	6	8	g9ru			0	I swore	“I promised” or “I said I would”
EXO	6	12	k7hl	figs-rquestion		0	If the Israelites have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking?	Moses asked this question hoping God would change His mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Since the Israelites did not listen to me, neither will Pharaoh, because I am not good at speaking!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	6	14	h195			0	the heads of their fathers’ houses	Here “heads” refers to the original ancestors of the clan. Alternate translation: “the ancestors of the clans”
EXO	6	14	wv89	translate-names		0	Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	15	c1ni	translate-names		0	Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	16	k64h	translate-names		0	Gershon…Merari	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	16	m36f	translate-numbers		0	137 years old	“one hundred and thirty-seven years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	6	18	alm8	translate-names		0	Amram…Uzziel	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	18	qu41	translate-numbers		0	133 years old	“one hundred and thirty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	6	20	ti6q	translate-numbers		0	137 years	“one hundred and thirty-seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	6	21	f3yr	translate-names		0	Izhar…Korah…Zichri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	22	n7cl	translate-names		0	Uzziel…Mishael…Sithri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	23	n1xh	translate-names		0	Nadab…Ithamar	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	25	zvg2	translate-names		0	Phinehas	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	6	25	fck8	figs-metonymy		0	These were the heads of the fathers’ houses	The word “heads” here represents family leaders. Alternate translation: “These were the leaders of the families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	6	26	ft6y			0	by their groups of fighting men	“one tribe at a time” or “one family group after another”
EXO	6	30	nf3w	figs-rquestion		0	I am not good…why will Pharaoh listen to me?	Moses asks this question hoping to change God’s mind. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not good…Pharaoh will certainly not listen to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	7	intro	r9we			0		# Exodus 07 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Miracles<br>When Yahweh had Moses perform miracles, Pharaoh’s men were able to copy these miracles. It is unknown how they were able to do this, but since it was not from Yahweh, they were probably done under some evil power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
EXO	7	1	dn1s			0	I have made you like a god	“I will cause Pharaoh to consider you as a god”
EXO	7	3	dhi5	figs-synecdoche		0	harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	7	3	vtt1	figs-doublet		0	many signs…many wonders	The words “signs” and “wonders” mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO	7	4	e2kv	figs-metonymy		0	put my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “use my power against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	7	5	npd6	figs-metonymy		0	reach out with my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “show my powerful acts against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	7	7	g7i5	figs-ellipsis		0	Aaron eighty-three years old	“Aaron was eighty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	7	9	jt9z	figs-quotations		0	When Pharaoh says to you, ‘Do a miracle,’ then you will say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake.’	This could be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh tells you to do a miracle, then you will tell Aaron to take his staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	7	12	u6np			0	swallowed up	“ate up” or “devoured”
EXO	7	13	g42f	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	7	14	d27r	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart is hard	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh is stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	7	15	c5np	figs-explicit		0	when he goes out to the water	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when he goes down to the Nile River to bathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	7	16	yqp7			0	Say to him	“Say to Pharaoh”
EXO	7	17	j1ev			0	strike the water	“hit the water”
EXO	7	19	wxp2			0	throughout all	“in every part of”
EXO	7	20	zy18	figs-explicit		0	in the river	The name of the river may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	7	22	qdc7	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	7	24	m6zn	figs-hyperbole		0	All the Egyptians	The word “all” here is a generalization that means “many.” Alternate translation: “Many of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EXO	8	intro	ww1y			0		# Exodus 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
EXO	8	3	e7jf	figs-explicit		0	The river	“the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	8	3	ki53			0	kneading bowls	These are bowls in which bread is made.
EXO	8	8	mhn3			0	Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron	“Then Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron”
EXO	8	9	q3e4			0	You can have the privilege of telling me when I should pray for you	“You can choose when I will pray for you” or “You can choose the time I should pray for you”
EXO	8	15	lv2n	figs-idiom		0	he hardened his heart	“Pharaoh hardened his heart.” Here “hardened” means that he became stubborn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	8	15	b47h			0	just as Yahweh had said that he would do	“just as Yahweh had said Pharaoh would do”
EXO	8	19	lk2k	figs-metonymy		0	This is the finger of God	The words “finger of God” represent the power of God. Alternate translation: “This is the powerful work of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	8	19	z1w2	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	8	20	j5n8			0	stand in front of Pharaoh	“present yourself to Pharaoh”
EXO	8	20	eqd2			0	Let my people go	“set my people free”
EXO	8	22	mv8w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh through Moses.
EXO	8	24	nd6e	figs-activepassive		0	the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the swarms of flies devastated the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	8	26	gy7d	figs-idiom		0	right before their eyes	This was a customary way of saying “in the presence of someone.” Alternate translation: “in their presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	8	26	i7dy	figs-rquestion		0	will they not stone us?	Moses asks this question to show Pharaoh the Egyptians would allow the Israelites to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “they will certainly stone us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	8	29	bf85	figs-doublenegatives		0	you must not deal deceitfully any more by not letting our people go	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must begin to deal truthfully with us and let our people go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	8	29	hh4q			0	But you must not deal deceitfully	“But you must not deceive us” or “But you must not lie to us”
EXO	8	32	sb5l	figs-synecdoche		0	Pharaoh hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	9	intro	hqw8			0		# Exodus 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
EXO	9	1	se3f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues talking with Moses about dealing with Pharaoh and bringing the Hebrew people out of Egypt.
EXO	9	2	l7ld	figs-parallelism		0	if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They will emphasize to Pharaoh what will happen if Pharaoh does this. Alternate translation: “if you continue refusing to let them go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	9	3	ume2	figs-metonymy		0	then Yahweh’s hand will be on your cattle	The word “hand” here represents Yahweh’s power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate translation: “then the power of Yahweh will afflict your cattle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	3	tn3z			0	on your cattle	The word “your” here refers to all the people of Egypt who owned cattle.
EXO	9	4	lp3t	figs-metonymy		0	Israel’s cattle	Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	4	fs25	figs-metonymy		0	Egypt’s cattle	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	5	vqz2			0	fixed a time	“set a time” or “appointed a time”
EXO	9	6	cx5i	figs-hyperbole		0	All the cattle of Egypt died	This is exaggerated to emphasize the seriousness of the event. There were still some animals alive that were afflicted by later plagues. However, it may be best to translate this with the word “All.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EXO	9	6	gy7t	figs-metonymy		0	cattle of Egypt	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	7	puk5			0	Pharaoh investigated	Pharaoh collected facts about the situation.
EXO	9	7	md84			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw.
EXO	9	7	j51j	figs-synecdoche		0	his heart was stubborn	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “he refused to change his mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	9	8	brm6			0	kiln	a furnace
EXO	9	9	d2v3			0	fine	very small
EXO	9	9	eyc7			0	to break out on	“to quickly appear on”
EXO	9	12	p5m5	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	9	14	n6wq	figs-rpronouns		0	on you yourself	This means that even Pharaoh will be hurt by the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
EXO	9	14	hje3			0	I will do this so that you may know	The word “this” refers to the plagues that Moses had just told Pharaoh about.
EXO	9	15	a3l8	figs-metonymy		0	reached out with my hand and attacked you	Here “my hand” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “used my power to strike you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	16	nec7	figs-metonymy		0	so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earth	Here “my name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “so that people everywhere will know I am great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	9	17	h3ed	figs-metaphor		0	lifting yourself up against my people	Pharaoh’s opposition to letting Israel go to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he was raising himself up as a barrier to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	9	18	fnd2			0	Listen!	“Pay attention to the important thing I am about to tell you”
EXO	9	27	fu9c			0	to summon	“to call”
EXO	9	29	ajz3			0	Moses said to him	“Moses said to Pharaoh”
EXO	9	29	b787	translate-symaction		0	spread my hands out to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. Alternate translation: “lift up my hands and pray to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EXO	9	30	tn94			0	honor Yahweh God	Honoring God involves obeying him and living in a way that shows how great he is.
EXO	9	31	p1v8			0	flax	This is a plant that produces fibers that can be made into linen cloth.
EXO	9	31	yu66			0	barley	This is a type of grain used for making bread; also used for cattle feed.
EXO	9	32	jmq3			0	spelt	This is a kind of wheat.
EXO	9	33	fa2j	translate-symaction		0	spread out his hands to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:29](../09/29.md). Alternate translation: “lifted up his hands toward Yahweh and prayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EXO	9	34	ke5k	figs-synecdoche		0	hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	9	35	yxt8	figs-synecdoche		0	The heart of Pharaoh was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	10	intro	s5g1			0		# Exodus 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.
EXO	10	1	w4pw	figs-metaphor		0	for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants	Yahweh speaks of making Pharaoh and his servants stubborn as if he were making their hearts hard. See how you translated “Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart” in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	10	2	zg4c			0	various signs	“many different signs”
EXO	10	4	ge67	figs-imperative		0	listen	This word adds emphasis to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
EXO	10	5	zu5r			0	hail	Hail is raindrops that freeze while falling from the clouds.
EXO	10	6	ir5l	figs-activepassive		0	nothing ever seen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing anyone has ever seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	7	uf8c			0	menace	A “menace” is someone who brings trouble or harm.
EXO	10	7	xn8j	figs-rquestion		0	How long will this man be a menace to us?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to show Pharaoh the extent of destruction in Egypt. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We cannot allow this man to continue to bring trouble to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	10	7	xdm5	figs-rquestion		0	Do you not yet realize that Egypt is destroyed?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to bring Pharaoh to recognize what he refuses to see. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should realize that Egypt is destroyed!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	10	7	c6pr	figs-activepassive		0	that Egypt is destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that these plagues have destroyed Egypt” or “that their God has destroyed Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	10	hjc9	figs-hypo		0	if I ever let you go and your little ones go	Pharaoh says this to emphasize that he would not let Moses take the children with them to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
EXO	10	11	pkm4	figs-activepassive		0	Then Moses and Aaron were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Pharaoh drove Moses and Aaron out from his presence” or “Then Pharaoh had his servants drive Moses and Aaron out from his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	15	b3h5	figs-activepassive		0	so that it was darkened	There were so many locusts that the land appeared to be dark. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they darkened the land” or “so that the land appeared dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	17	kd6d			0	this time	“once again”
EXO	10	17	nn2b	figs-metonymy		0	take this death away from me	The word “death” here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	10	19	mdp5			0	picked up the locusts	“moved the locusts upwards”
EXO	10	20	dw1d	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	10	21	m38s	figs-metaphor		0	darkness that may be felt	Yahweh speaks of extreme darkness as if it is so thick that people can grasp it in their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “dense darkness that people can grasp with their hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	26	v9uc	figs-synecdoche		0	not a hoof of them may be left behind	Here the word “hoof” refers to the entire animal. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we cannot leave behind a single animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	10	27	n588	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	10	27	mv8t			0	he would not let them go	“Pharaoh would not let them go”
EXO	10	28	lcz2			0	Be careful about one thing	“Make sure of one thing” or “Be certain of one thing”
EXO	10	28	te45	figs-synecdoche		0	you see my face	Here the word “face” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	10	29	h1jf	figs-idiom		0	You yourself have spoken	With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: “What you have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	11	intro	pu3u			0		# Exodus 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh “allowing” the Hebrew people to leave Egypt.
EXO	11	1	i87h	figs-you		0	he will let you go from here	Each occurrence of the word “you” in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	11	4	kpb5			0	midnight	This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours.
EXO	11	5	hv8k			0	All the firstborn…the firstborn of Pharaoh…the firstborn of the slave girl…the firstborn of the cattle	The “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring.
EXO	11	5	k42h			0	who sits on his throne	This phrase refers to Pharaoh.
EXO	11	5	hr1x			0	who is behind the handmill grinding it	“who is grinding at the handmill” or “who is behind the handmill grinding grain”
EXO	11	8	ria5	figs-explicit		0	After that I will go out	This means that Moses and the people of Israel will leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “After that I will leave here” or “After that I will go out from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	11	10	um4u	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	12	intro	fd2f			0		# Exodus 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The events of this chapter are known as the Passover. They are remembered in the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Unleavened bread<br>The concept of unleavened bread is introduced in this chapter. Its significance stems from its connection to the events in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]])<br><br>### Ethnic segregation<br>The Hebrew people were to be separate from the rest of the world. Because of this, they separated themselves from other people groups. At this time, these foreigners were looked upon as unholy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	12	2	z785	figs-parallelism		0	For you, this month will be the start of months, the first month of the year to you	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the month in which the events of this chapter take place will be the beginning of their calendar year. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	12	2	uy4w	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first month of the year	The first month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. It marks when Yahweh rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	12	4	xzn3	figs-explicit		0	If the household is too small for a lamb	This means that there are not enough people in the family to eat an entire lamb. Alternate translation: “If there are not enough people in the household to eat an entire lamb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	12	4	fu2g			0	the man and his next door neighbor	Here “the man” refers to the man who is the leader of the household.
EXO	12	6	lz76			0	twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light.
EXO	12	7	cjt7			0	on the two side doorposts and on the tops of the doorframes of the houses	“on the sides and top of the way into the house”
EXO	12	8	jtn8	figs-activepassive		0	Eat it with bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Eat it with bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	8	uxn6			0	bitter herbs	These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.
EXO	12	9	ny3a			0	Do not eat it raw	“Do not eat the lamb or goat uncooked”
EXO	12	10	ghk6	figs-activepassive		0	You must not let any of it be left over until morning	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not leave any of it until the morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	11	ks7d			0	belt	This refers to a strip of leather or fabric for tying around the waist.
EXO	12	11	nzw2			0	eat it hurriedly	“eat it quickly”
EXO	12	11	r789	figs-explicit		0	It is Yahweh’s Passover	Here the word “it” refers to eating the animal on the tenth day of the month. Alternate translation: “This observance is Yahweh’s Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	12	12	sa5n	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will bring punishment on all the gods of Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will punish all the gods of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	12	13	bxm9	figs-explicit		0	for my coming to you	This implies that Yahweh will see the blood which indicates an Israelite home. Alternate translation: “that I will see when I come to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	12	13	zt5d	figs-idiom		0	I will pass over you	The words “pass over” were a customary way of saying to not visit or enter. Alternate translation: “I will not enter your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	12	15	i9n3	figs-metaphor		0	that person must be cut off from Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	16	bzj6	figs-activepassive		0	an assembly that is set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an assembly that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	16	l7pj	figs-activepassive		0	No work will be done on these days	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will do no work on these days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	16	qr65	figs-activepassive		0	That must be the only work that may be done by you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “That must be the only work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	17	r3qj			0	armed group by armed group	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. Alternate translation: “division by division” or “regiment by regiment”
EXO	12	18	x8m9			0	twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light. See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:6](../12/06.md).
EXO	12	18	m475	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the fourteenth day in the first month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	12	18	uss3	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the twenty-first day of the month	“the twenty-first day of the first month.” This is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EXO	12	19	aej1	figs-activepassive		0	no yeast must be found in your houses	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there must not be any yeast in your houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	19	vy72	figs-metaphor		0	must be cut off from the community of Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated “must be cut off from Israel” in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	20	t17e	figs-activepassive		0	bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:8](../12/08.md). Alternate translation: “bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	21	y9qt			0	summoned	officially called
EXO	12	22	qwv1			0	hyssop	a woody plant with small leaves that can be used for sprinkling liquids
EXO	12	22	c1cf			0	the top of the doorframe and the two doorposts	“on the sides and top of the way into the house.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:7](../12/07.md).
EXO	12	23	uu61	figs-synecdoche		0	pass over your door	Here the word “door” implies the entire house. This means that God will spare the Israelites in houses with blood on the doors. Alternate translation: “pass over your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	12	24	v7z5			0	this event	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
EXO	12	25	l8ls			0	this act of worship	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
EXO	12	27	t779	figs-explicit		0	He set our households free	This means that Yahweh spared the Israelites’ firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “He did not kill the firstborn sons in our houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	12	28	r5cj			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
EXO	12	29	zm1l			0	at midnight	“in the middle of the night”
EXO	12	29	uj6u			0	all the firstborn in the land of Egypt…all the firstborn of cattle	Here, “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 11:5](../11/05.md).
EXO	12	29	il1d			0	who sat on his throne	This refers to Pharaoh.
EXO	12	29	g9z1			0	the firstborn of the person in prison	“to the firstborn of people in prison.” This refers to prisoners, in general, and not to a specific person in prison.
EXO	12	30	cfj8	figs-abstractnouns		0	There was loud lamenting in Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “All the Egyptians cried loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	12	30	gt4w	figs-doublenegatives		0	for there was not a house where there was not someone dead	This double negative emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: “because someone was dead in every house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	12	33	j5u4	figs-explicit		0	We will all die	The Egyptians were afraid that they would die if the Israelites did not leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “We will all die if you do not leave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	12	34	diw8	figs-activepassive		0	Their kneading bowls were already tied up in their clothes and on their shoulders	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They had already tied up their kneading bowls in their clothes and on their shoulders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	37	n1ha			0	Rameses	Rameses was a major Egyptian city where grain was stored. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
EXO	12	37	u81l	translate-numbers		0	They numbered about 600,000 men	“They numbered about six hundred thousand men.” The total number of men was about 600,000. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	12	39	x96c			0	bread without yeast in the dough	“bread with dough that did not contain yeast”
EXO	12	39	pva6	figs-activepassive		0	they had been driven out of Egypt	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Egyptians had driven them out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	40	qsi5	translate-numbers		0	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	12	41	d8yh	translate-numbers		0	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	12	41	xlf4			0	Yahweh’s armed groups	This refers to the tribes of Israel. See how you translated “armed group” in [Exodus 12:17](../12/17.md).
EXO	12	42	f3m6	figs-activepassive		0	to be observed by all the Israelites	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that all the Israelites were to observe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	42	w6mj			0	all the Israelites throughout their people’s generations	“all the Israelites and the all the generations of their descendants”
EXO	12	43	pby5			0	No foreigner may share in eating it	The pronoun “it” refers to the Passover meal.
EXO	12	44	n9wn			0	every Israelite’s slave	“any slave of an Israelite”
EXO	12	44	xat2	figs-activepassive		0	bought with money	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Israelite has bought with money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	46	j242	figs-activepassive		0	The food must be eaten in one house	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Each Israelite family must eat the food in one house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	46	ycd9			0	you must not break any bone of it	“you must not break any of its bones.” Here the word “it” refers to the lamb which the Israelite family will eat.
EXO	12	48	h7k9	figs-activepassive		0	all his male relatives must be circumcised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must circumcise all his male relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	12	48	hi4z	figs-idiom		0	the people who were born in the land	Here the word “land” refers to Canaan. The expression “born in the land” means a person who is a native Israelite. Alternate translation: “those who are Israelites by birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	12	48	f9ti	figs-doublenegatives		0	no uncircumcised person may eat	This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: “only circumcised people may eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	12	50	agw6			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
EXO	12	51	e3z3			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EXO	12	51	tyj3			0	by their armed groups	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. See how you translated “armed group” in [Exodus 12:17](../12/17.md). Alternate translation: “by their divisions” or “by their regiments”
EXO	13	intro	g9qi			0		# Exodus 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records the instructions for the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law<br>The law mentioned here is not the law of Moses because it has not yet been revealed. Instead, it is a more generic “rule.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. When this chapter states that Pharaoh let the people go, it indicates that he gave them permission to leave.
EXO	13	2	de3u			0	Set apart to me…every firstborn male	God requires that every firstborn male child be set apart for him.
EXO	13	3	nwq6	figs-idiom		0	Call this day to mind	The words “Call…to mind” were a customary way of telling someone to remember something. Alternate translation: “Remember and celebrate this day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	13	3	en1s	figs-metaphor		0	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	13	3	yjy5	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh’s strong hand	Here the word “hand” refers to power. See how you translated “strong hand” in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	13	3	c6ee	figs-activepassive		0	No bread with yeast may be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not eat bread with yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	13	4	y1f3	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	13	5	x89s			0	you must observe this act of worship	When the Israelites live in Canaan, they must celebrate the Passover on this day each year. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 12:25](../12/25.md).
EXO	13	6	tf79			0	General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
EXO	13	6	vwy9	translate-numbers		0	For seven days	“For 7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	13	7	n41m	figs-activepassive		0	Bread without yeast must be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must eat bread without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	13	7	le33	figs-activepassive		0	no bread with yeast may be seen among you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any bread with yeast among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	13	7	c9kr	figs-activepassive		0	No yeast may be seen with you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	13	7	dmv1			0	within any of your borders	“inside any of the borders of your land”
EXO	13	8	qum9	figs-quotations		0	On that day you are to say to your children, ‘This is because of what Yahweh did for me when I came out of Egypt.’	The quotation can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “On that day you are to tell your children that this is because of what Yahweh did for you when you came out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	13	9	p21h	figs-parallelism		0	This will be a reminder for you on your hand, and a reminder on your forehead	These are two different types of physical reminders so people will not forget something important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	13	9	s7zg	figs-metaphor		0	a reminder for you on your hand	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their hands to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your hand as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	13	9	mru4	figs-metaphor		0	a reminder on your forehead	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their foreheads to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your head as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	13	9	b6ny	figs-metonymy		0	so the law of Yahweh may be in your mouth	The words “in your mouth” here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate translation: “so you may always be speaking of the law of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	13	9	w5rm	figs-metonymy		0	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	13	11	iqh5			0	when he gives the land to you	“when he gives the land of the Canaanites to you”
EXO	13	13	lwv5			0	Every firstborn of a donkey	Israel is given a choice to kill the firstborn donkey or buy it back with a lamb.
EXO	13	14	s8cm	figs-quotations		0	When your son asks you later, ‘What does this mean?’ then you are to tell him	The first quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “When your son asks you later what this means, then you are to tell him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	13	14	qr7q	figs-metonymy		0	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	13	14	rcz7	figs-metaphor		0	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](../13/03.md). Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	13	16	bse4	figs-parallelism		0	become a reminder on your hands, and a reminder on your forehead	This expresses two ways to remember the importance of the passover event. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 13:9](./09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	13	17	c3c2			0	was nearby	“was close to where they were located”
EXO	13	17	mzi7			0	the people will change their minds…and…return to Egypt	Since Israelites had lived in slavery all their lives, they were more accustomed to peace than to war and would rather return to slavery than fight.
EXO	13	20	xq5d	translate-names		0	camped at Etham	Etham is located south of the route heading towards the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	13	21	jnv8			0	pillar of cloud…pillar of fire	“a cloud in the shape of a column…fire in the shape of a column.” God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night.
EXO	14	intro	jq4u			0		# Exodus 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the “parting of the Sea of Reeds.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>### Pharaoh’s chariots<br>These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])
EXO	14	2	mb4e	translate-names		0	Pi Hahiroth…Migdol…Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	14	2	c9r8	figs-you		0	You are to camp	Here the word “You” is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	14	3	c81b	figs-quotations		0	Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	14	3	tz6j	figs-personification		0	The wilderness has closed in on them	Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	14	4	mm7j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to instruct Moses on where to go and what Yahweh will do.
EXO	14	4	dv62	figs-synecdoche		0	I will harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	14	4	tw2m			0	he will pursue them	“Pharaoh will pursue the Israelites”
EXO	14	4	d5x1			0	I will get honor	“People will honor me”
EXO	14	4	ejn5			0	The Egyptians will know that I am Yahweh	“The Egyptians will understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God”
EXO	14	4	dms1	figs-activepassive		0	So the Israelites camped as they were instructed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites camped as Yahweh had instructed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	14	5	t4cn	figs-activepassive		0	When the king of Egypt was told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone told the king of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	14	5	nh6d			0	the king of Egypt	This refers to Pharaoh.
EXO	14	5	it5s			0	had fled	“had run away”
EXO	14	5	k67b	figs-metonymy		0	the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people	Here the word “minds” refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitudes about the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	14	5	v236	figs-rquestion		0	What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.	They asked this question to show they thought they had done a foolish thing. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have done a stupid thing by letting Israel go free from working for us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	14	7	ry11	translate-numbers		0	He took six hundred chosen chariots	“He took 600 of his best chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	14	8	a1r1	figs-synecdoche		0	Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	14	9	sb7x	translate-names		0	Pi Hahiroth…Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. See how you translated them in [Exodus 14:2](../14/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	14	10	s1xa	figs-synecdoche		0	When Pharaoh came close	The word “Pharaoh” here represents the entire Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh and his army came close” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	14	10	qcy1			0	they were terrified	“the Israelites were terrified”
EXO	14	11	vzw5	figs-rquestion		0	Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?	The Israelites ask this question to express their frustration and fear of dying. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There were plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	14	11	x4n2	figs-rquestion		0	Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to rebuke Moses for bringing them to the desert to die. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have treated us like this by bringing us out of Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	14	12	itb2	figs-rquestion		0	Is this not what we told you in Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	14	12	ix25	figs-quotations		0	We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	14	13	lat4			0	Moses said to the people	Moses responds to the Israelites’ fears.
EXO	14	13	rrd4	figs-you		0	provide for you	The pronoun “you” refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	14	13	h5n4	figs-euphemism		0	For you will never see again the Egyptians	Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “For God will kill the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	14	15	a727	figs-rquestion		0	Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me?	Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	14	16	t3e4			0	divide it in two	“divide the sea into two parts”
EXO	14	17	z5ub			0	Be aware	“Know”
EXO	14	17	qd3l	figs-synecdoche		0	I will harden the Egyptians’ hearts	Here “hearts” refers to the Egyptians themselves. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their hearts were hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause the Egyptians to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	14	17	asz9			0	so they will go after them	“so that the Egyptians will go into the sea after the Israelites”
EXO	14	20	wgr4			0	the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel	“the Egyptian army and the Israelite people”
EXO	14	20	c4u5			0	so one side did not come near the other	This means that the Egyptians and the Israelites could not approach one another.
EXO	14	21	dfx5			0	east wind	An east wind originates in the east and blows towards the west.
EXO	14	21	hqx7			0	east	where the sun rises
EXO	14	21	f9zh	figs-activepassive		0	the waters were divided	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh divided the waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	14	22	fky6			0	on their right hand and on their left	“on each side of them” or “on both sides of them”
EXO	14	24	iz9t			0	He caused panic among the Egyptians	Panic is when someone becomes so afraid that they cannot think normally.
EXO	14	25	qdp8	figs-activepassive		0	Their chariot wheels were clogged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Mud clogged their chariot wheels” or “Their chariot wheels were getting stuck in the mud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	14	26	p5ds			0	Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand…and their horsemen.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to reach out with his hand over the sea so that the waters would come back onto the Egyptians, their chariots, and their horsemen.”
EXO	14	26	w59j			0	come back onto	“fall on”
EXO	14	27	wn3q			0	The Egyptians fled into the sea	Since the sea was closing in on top of the Egyptians, instead of escaping, they were actually running right into the water.
EXO	14	27	h64r			0	Yahweh drove the Egyptians	“Yahweh pushed the Egyptians” or “Yahweh threw the Egyptians”
EXO	14	30	e2lf	figs-metonymy		0	out of the hand of the Egyptians	Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the Egyptians’ power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	14	30	p5zw			0	on the seashore	“on the land along the edge of the sea”
EXO	15	intro	ni4b			0		# Exodus 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic songs in 15:1-18 and 15:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s laws<br>In this chapter, Moses talks about Yahweh’s laws. The law of Moses is about to be introduced. Although it has not yet been formally introduced, this is what is being referenced in this chapter in anticipation of the revelation of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])
EXO	15	1	f5zr			0	General Information:	This is a song about the events that happened in [Exodus 14:26-28](../14/26.md).
EXO	15	1	kw29	figs-explicit		0	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	15	1	f6ue	figs-metaphor		0	the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea	Moses sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over the horse and rider” or “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	1	cr5u	figs-genericnoun		0	the horse and its rider	This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the horses and their riders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
EXO	15	1	ex3p			0	rider	This is a person who sits on a horse or travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling.
EXO	15	2	pb23	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh is my strength	Possible meanings are (1) “Yahweh is the one who gives me strength” or (2) “Yahweh is the strong one who protects me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	2	vk6l	figs-metonymy		0	song	Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate translation: “the one I sing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	2	kbv7	figs-metonymy		0	he has become my salvation	Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate translation: “he has saved me” or “he is the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	3	p1d5	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh is a warrior	Moses calls God a warrior because God powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is like a warrior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	4	p8w6	figs-metaphor		0	He has thrown Pharaoh’s chariots and army into the sea	Moses sings about God causing the sea to cover Pharaohs chariots and army as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over Pharaoh’s chariots and army” or “He has made Pharaoh’s chariot riders and army drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	5	nqe4	figs-simile		0	they went down into the depths like a stone	Just as a stone does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: “they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	15	6	x1fz	figs-metonymy		0	Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power is glorious” or “Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	6	p1u6	figs-metonymy		0	your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy” or “Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	6	rmd4	figs-metaphor		0	has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be shattered like glass or pottery. Alternate translation: “has completely destroyed the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	7	nd3t	figs-metaphor		0	those who rose up against you	Rebelling against God is spoken of as rising up against him. Alternate translation: “those who rebelled against you” or “your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	7	glq7	figs-personification		0	You sent out your wrath	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a servant that God sent out to do something. Alternate translation: “You showed your wrath” or “You acted according to your wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	15	7	a5x7	figs-metaphor		0	it consumed them like stubble	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like stubble in a fire. Alternate translation: “it completely destroyed your enemies like a fire that burns up straw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	15	8	ic8v	figs-personification		0	By the blast of your nostrils	Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: “You blew on the sea and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	15	9	d8nk	figs-activepassive		0	my desire will be satisfied on them	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: “I will satisfy my desire on them” or “I will take all I want from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	15	9	sm77	figs-metonymy		0	my hand will destroy them	The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate translation: “I will destroy them with my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	10	yrj5	figs-metaphor		0	But you blew with your wind	Moses spoke about God making the wind blow as if God blew the wind through his nose or mouth. Alternate translation: “But you made the wind blow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	10	f7d3	figs-simile		0	sank like lead in the mighty waters	Lead is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. The word “lead” here is used to show how fast God’s enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: “sank as fast as lead in the deep turbulent waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	15	11	wq2s	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: “O Yahweh, no one is like you among the gods!” or “Yahweh, none of the gods is like you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	15	11	pp57	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like you,…doing miracles?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	15	12	cid8	figs-metonymy		0	with your right hand	The phrase “right hand” represents the strong power of God. Alternate translation: “with your strong power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	12	bkg2	figs-metaphor		0	You reached out with your right hand	Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God reached out with his hand. Alternate translation: “With your strong power you made it happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	12	g7bv	figs-personification		0	the earth swallowed them	Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with it’s mouth. Alternate translation: “the earth devoured them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	15	14	zi1m			0	tremble	This means to shake because you are afraid.
EXO	15	14	uqf7	figs-personification		0	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of terror as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	15	15	ya48	figs-metaphor		0	will melt away	Moses speaks of people becoming weak from their fear as melting away. Alternate translation: “will be weak from fear” or “will be afraid and faint” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	16	m1kt			0	Connecting Statement:	Moses continues to sing about how the people of other nations will feel when they see God’s people.
EXO	15	16	nk67	figs-doublet		0	Terror and dread will fall on them	These two words mean that fear will come upon them. Alternate translation: “Fear will come upon them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO	15	16	fc8v			0	dread	Dread is extreme fear or anxiety about something that is going to happen or might happen.
EXO	15	16	t2yp	figs-metonymy		0	Because of your arm’s power	God’s arm represents his great strength. Alternate translation: “Because of your great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	16	umm7	figs-simile		0	they will become as still as a stone	Possible meanings are (1) “They will be silent like stone” or (2) “They will be motionless as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	15	17	n5i5	figs-explicit		0	You will bring them	Where God would bring them can be stated clearly. Since Moses was not already in Canaan, some languages would use “take” rather than “bring.” Alternate translation: “You will take your people to Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
EXO	15	17	t6wg	figs-metaphor		0	plant them on the mountain	Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a tree that God was planting. Alternate translation: “settle them on the mountain” or “let them live on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	17	p7kb			0	the mountain of your inheritance	This refers to Mount Zion in the land of Canaan.
EXO	15	17	ie26	figs-metaphor		0	of your inheritance	Moses speaks about God promising to give his people the mountain forever as if he were giving it to them as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “that you have given them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	17	ytz3	figs-metonymy		0	that your hands have built	The phrase “your hands” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “that you have built by your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
EXO	15	20	g7s6	translate-names		0	Miriam…Aaron	Miriam was the older sister of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	15	20	gam2	translate-unknown		0	tambourine	This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	15	21	f6m3	figs-explicit		0	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	15	21	hvu1	figs-metaphor		0	The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea	Miriam sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “He has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	22	iw9n	figs-metonymy		0	Moses led Israel	The word “Israel” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses led the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	22	c7pe	translate-names		0	wilderness of Shur	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	15	23	a9pv	translate-names		0	Marah	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	15	24	n64m			0	complained to Moses and said	“were unhappy and told Moses” or “angrily told Moses”
EXO	15	26	l2hx	figs-123person		0	the voice of Yahweh your God	Yahweh is speaking about his own voice. His voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “my voice” or “what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	15	26	sq5x	figs-metaphor		0	do what is right in his eyes	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “do what Yahweh considers to be right”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	26	m4cn	figs-metaphor		0	I will put on you none of the diseases	God speaks of causing people to have diseases as putting diseases on them. Alternate translation: “I will not cause any of you to have the diseases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	15	27	did8	translate-names		0	Elim	This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	15	27	ark9	translate-numbers		0	twelve	“12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	15	27	p64y	translate-numbers		0	seventy	“70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	16	intro	nkd7			0		# Exodus 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Complaints<br>The Israelites complained about the amount of food Yahweh gave them, even when he miraculously provided their food for them. This is intended to show their ungratefulness and their sinful view of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Prohibition against storing food<br>The people were not allowed to store the food, called manna, they were provided with. This is because they were to trust in Yahweh to provide for their needs every day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Sabbath<br>This is the first recorded celebration of the Sabbath rest. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>### Ark of the covenant<br>Although the covenant has not yet been made, it is referenced in [Exodus 16:34](../../exo/16/34.md). This is probably done either in anticipation of the building of the ark or as an editorial comment made by Moses after these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	16	1	gw67	translate-names		0	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	16	1	h44x	translate-hebrewmonths		0	on the fifteenth day of the second month	This time coincides with the end of April and the beginning of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on day 15 of the second month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	16	2	h938	figs-hyperbole		0	The whole community of Israelites complained	“All the Israelites complained.” This is a generalization. Moses and Aaron did not complain. Alternate translation: “The Israelites complained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EXO	16	2	nx6f			0	complained	“were angry and spoke”
EXO	16	3	nwy6			0	If only we had died	This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had died”
EXO	16	3	g1n1	figs-metonymy		0	by Yahweh’s hand	The phrase “Yahweh’s hand” represents Yahweh’s action. Alternate translation: “by Yahweh’s action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	16	4	kls5	figs-metaphor		0	I will rain down bread from heaven for you	God speaks of food coming down from heaven as if it were rain. Alternate translation: “I will make bread come down from heaven like rain” or “I will make bread fall to you from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	4	i1xw	figs-metaphor		0	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	4	se28	figs-metaphor		0	walk in my law	God speaks of obeying his law as walking in it. Alternate translation: “obey my law” or “live according to my law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	4	yew5			0	my law	“my command”
EXO	16	5	p1f6			0	It will come about on the sixth day, that they	“It will happen on the sixth day that they” or “On the sixth day they”
EXO	16	5	cl74	translate-numbers		0	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	16	5	t5il			0	twice	two times
EXO	16	7	zb21	figs-rquestion		0	Who are we for you to complain against us?	Moses and Aaron used this question to show the people that it was foolish to complain against them. Alternate translation: “We are not powerful enough for you to complain against us.” or “It is foolish to complain against us, because we cannot do what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	16	8	v8rq	figs-metaphor		0	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	8	pn4e	figs-rquestion		0	Who are Aaron and I?	Moses used this question to show the people that he and Aaron did not have the power to give them what they wanted. Alternate translation: “Aaron and I cannot give you what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	16	8	vdr8	figs-explicit		0	Your complaints are not against us; they are against Yahweh	The people were complaining against Moses and Aaron, who were Yahweh’s servants. So by complaining against them, the people were really complaining against Yahweh. Alternate translation: Your complaints are not really against us; they are against Yahweh, because we are his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	16	10	q4ax			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. The important event here is the people seeing Yahweh’s glory. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EXO	16	10	b6rp			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that the people saw something interesting.
EXO	16	12	g7xc	figs-metaphor		0	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	13	aas8			0	It came about…that	This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the events. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EXO	16	13	eu1x	translate-unknown		0	quails	These are small, plump birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	16	14	k5lb	figs-simile		0	like frost	The original readers knew what frost is like, so this phrase would help them understand what the flakes were like. Frost is frozen dew that forms on the ground. It is very fine. Alternate translation: “that looked like frost” or “that was fine like frost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	16	15	n5e7	figs-metaphor		0	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God sent as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	16	v1c6			0	Connecting Statement:	Moses continues telling the people about the food that God was providing for them.
EXO	16	16	fqp9	translate-bvolume		0	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EXO	16	22	nrx8			0	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. Verses 16:22-30 tell about what the people did concerning the manna on the sixth and seventh days of the week. If your language has a way for marking this as a new part of the story, you could consider using it here.
EXO	16	22	xk6x	translate-numbers		0	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	16	22	zj1u			0	twice	two times
EXO	16	22	f4j9			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
EXO	16	23	wc4a			0	a solemn rest	“a day to rest quietly and think seriously”
EXO	16	24	y4d9			0	did not become foul	“did not smell rotten”
EXO	16	25	pr1p			0	today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh	“today is a Sabbath and is to be used only for honoring Yahweh”
EXO	16	26	jv77	translate-numbers		0	but the seventh day	“but on day seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	16	26	hq5i			0	manna	This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning.
EXO	16	27	qf14			0	they found none	“they did not find any manna”
EXO	16	28	q41d			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Moses, but the word “you” refers to the people of Israel in general.
EXO	16	28	e1vx	figs-rquestion		0	How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?	God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. Alternate translation: “You people still do not keep my commandments and laws!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	16	28	vnq7			0	to keep my commandments and my laws	“to obey my commandments and my laws”
EXO	16	29	p22l	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has given you the Sabbath	Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath were a gift. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, have taught you to rest on the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	16	29	dt58	translate-numbers		0	sixth day…two days…seventh day	“day 6…2 days…day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	16	29	y8wf			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
EXO	16	31	r1a5	translate-unknown		0	coriander seed	Coriander is also known as cilantro. People dry the seeds and grind them into a powder and put it in food to give it flavor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	16	31	vrl4			0	wafers	very thin biscuits or crackers
EXO	16	32	nxa9	translate-bvolume		0	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EXO	16	32	g93h			0	bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
EXO	16	33	rtw7	translate-bvolume		0	an omer	“two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EXO	16	36	g8ns	translate-bvolume		0	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	An omer and an ephah are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. For languages that do not use fractions, this can be reworded. Alternate translation: “Now ten omers equal one ephah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	17	intro	f12q			0		# Exodus 17 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people’s rhetorical question showed their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	1	h1li	translate-names		0	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 16:1](../16/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	1	j1fm	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This means “the resting place,” a place to rest on long journeys through the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	2	hr9b	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?	Moses uses these questions to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should not quarrel with me! You should not test Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	17	3	cz24	figs-rquestion		0	To kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?	The people use this question to accuse Moses of wanting to kill them. Alternate translation: “You only brought us out here to kill us and our children and cattle by not letting us have any water to drink!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	17	7	x5an	translate-names		0	Massah	a place in the desert whose name means “testing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	7	hw7y	translate-names		0	Meribah	a place in the desert whose name means “complaining” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	8	rv14	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This was the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	10	ca3g	figs-synecdoche		0	So Joshua fought Amalek	Joshua represents himself and the Israelites that he led into battle. Alternate translation: “So Joshua and the men he chose fought against the Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	17	10	wy51	translate-names		0	Hur	Hur was a friend of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	17	11	x5ex	figs-synecdoche		0	Israel was winning…Amalek would begin to win	The words “Israel” and “Amalek” represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: “the Israelite fighters were winning…the Amalekite fighters would begin to win” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	17	12	hxt8	figs-metonymy		0	hands became heavy	The author writes of Moses’ arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: “arms became tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	17	13	plp3	figs-metonymy		0	with the sword	The sword represents battle. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	17	14	c5rl	figs-metaphor		0	I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek	God speaks of destroying Amalek as if he were removing people’s memory of Amalek. When a group of people is completely destroyed, there is nothing to remind people about them. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy Amalek” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	17	14	jm77	figs-metonymy		0	Amalek	This refers to the Amalekites. Alternate translation: Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	17	16	bw78	figs-metonymy		0	a hand was lifted up	People would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the hand represents making a promise. Alternate translation: “a promise was made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	17	16	s86d	figs-activepassive		0	a hand was lifted up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh lifted up his hand” or “Yahweh made a solemn promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	18	intro	t8g2			0		# Exodus 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Leadership lessons<br>Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])
EXO	18	1	nl86			0	Moses’ father-in-law	This refers to the father of the wife of Moses.
EXO	18	2	zw6h			0	took Zipporah, Moses’ wife	Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah.
EXO	18	2	chy6	figs-explicit		0	after he had sent her home	This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of the can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after Moses had sent her home to her parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	18	3	khs1			0	and her two sons	This is the ending of the sentence that begins with the words “Jethro…took Zipporah” in verse 2. Possible meanings are (1) Jethro took Zipporah and her two sons to Moses, or (2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah and her two sons.
EXO	18	3	k4mb	translate-names		0	Gershom	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “foreigner.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	18	4	xi35	translate-names		0	Eliezer	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “God is the one who helps me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	18	4	z2km	figs-metonymy		0	Pharaoh’s sword	This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh’s army. Alternate translation: “being killed by Pharaoh” or “being killed by Pharaoh’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	18	5	kpq9	figs-activepassive		0	where he was camped	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where he camped with the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	18	7	s5p2	translate-symaction		0	bowed down, and kissed him	These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EXO	18	8	rkq2	figs-metonymy		0	for Israel’s sake	The word “Israel” represents the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “in order to help the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	18	8	a1ra	figs-metaphor		0	all the hardships that had come to them	Moses writes of hardships happening to them as if hardships had come to them. Alternate translation: “all the hardships that had happened to them” or “all the hardships they had experienced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	9	wp1p	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the Egyptians	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians…the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	18	10	nrv7	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of the Egyptians…the hand of Pharaoh	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians…the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you…what Pharaoh was doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	18	14	bax5	figs-rquestion		0	What is this that you are doing with the people?	Jethro uses this question to show Moses that what he was doing was not good. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing all of this for the people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	18	14	b5wj	figs-rquestion		0	Why is it that you sit alone…from morning until evening?	Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not sit alone…from morning till evening!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	18	14	cfd1	figs-metonymy		0	you sit alone	The word “sit” here is a metonym for “judge.” Judges would sit while they listened to people’s complaints. Alternate translation: “you judge alone” or “you are the only one who judges the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	18	18	jtd2			0	You will surely wear yourselves out	“you will surely make yourselves very tired”
EXO	18	18	h91b	figs-metaphor		0	This burden is too heavy for you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that Moses is doing as if it were a physical burden that Moses was carrying. Alternate translation: “This work is too much for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	19	pug7			0	you advice	“you guidance” or “you instruction”
EXO	18	19	v8i9	figs-metaphor		0	God will be with you	Jethro speaks of God helping Moses as if God would be with Moses. Alternate translation: “God will help you” or “God will give you wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	19	w4r8	figs-metaphor		0	you bring their disputes to him	Jethro speaks of Moses telling God about their disputes as if Moses were bringing their disputes to God. Alternate translation: “you tell God about their disputes” or “you tell God what they are arguing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	20	w3vf	figs-metaphor		0	You must show them the way to walk	Jethro speaks of living or behaving like walking. Alternate translation: “You must show them how to live” or “You must show them how to behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	21	p2rq			0	Connecting Statement:	Jethro continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	18	21	p5ap			0	Furthermore, you must choose	“In addition, you must choose” or “You must also choose”
EXO	18	21	n936	figs-metaphor		0	You must put them over people	Jethro speaks of giving them authority over people as putting them over people. Alternate translation: You must give them authority over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	21	d2hv	translate-numbers		0	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and of tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	18	22	p4sr			0	routine cases	“the simple cases”
EXO	18	22	y5n2	figs-metaphor		0	the difficult cases they will bring to you	Jethro speaks of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they will tell you about” or “when there are difficult cases, they will tell you about them so you can judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	22	u42p	figs-metaphor		0	they will carry the burden with you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were a burden that they would carry. Alternate translation: “they will do the hard work with you” or “they will help you do the hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	23	wyq4	figs-explicit		0	endure	What they will endure can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “endure the stress of the work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	18	25	n2ws	figs-metaphor		0	heads over the people	Moses writes of the leaders of people as if they were the head of a body. Alternate translation: “leaders of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	25	tb18	figs-explicit		0	capable men	What they were capable of doing can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “men who were able to lead” or “men who were able to judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	18	25	iqn8	translate-numbers		0	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens	Possible meanings are (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or (2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” See how you translated this in [Exodus 18:21](../18/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	18	26	abx4			0	judged the people in normal circumstances	“judged the people most of the time” or “judged the people’s easy cases”
EXO	18	26	z7j4	figs-metaphor		0	The difficult cases they brought to Moses	The author writes of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they told Moses about” or “when there were difficult cases, they told Moses about them so that he would judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	18	26	ve8h			0	the small cases	“the easy cases”
EXO	19	intro	ck7e			0		# Exodus 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “A kingdom of priests”<br>The function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>### Revealing the Law<br>The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which show the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
EXO	19	1	r5tj	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the third month…on the same day	This means they arrived at the wilderness on the first day of the month just as they left Egypt on the first day of the month. The first day of the third month on the Hebrew calendar is near the middle of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “In the third month…on the first day of the month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	19	1	xw7p			0	had gone out from	“had left”
EXO	19	2	nk51	translate-names		0	Rephidim	This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	19	3	s2qt	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Jacob	The word “house” here represents Jacob’s family and descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	19	3	f4qw			0	the house of Jacob, the people of Israel	The phrase “the people of Israel” explains what “the house of Jacob” means.
EXO	19	4	z9i6	figs-you		0	You have seen	The word “you” here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	19	4	b7ph	figs-metaphor		0	I carried you on eagles’ wings	God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	19	5	th35			0	obediently listen to my voice	Obediently can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen to my voice and obey me”
EXO	19	5	c767	figs-metonymy		0	my voice	God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “what I say” or “my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	19	5	fh8e			0	keep my covenant	“do what my covenant requires you to do”
EXO	19	5	ifv6			0	special possession	“treasure”
EXO	19	6	gm9s	figs-metaphor		0	a kingdom of priests	God speaks of his people as if they were priests. Alternate translation: “a kingdom of people who are like priests” or “a kingdom of people who do what priests do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	19	7	c5tq	figs-metaphor		0	set before them all these words	The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words before them. AT “told them all these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	19	7	zqk1			0	all these words that Yahweh had commanded him	“all that Yahweh had commanded him”
EXO	19	8	ljf5	figs-go		0	Moses came to report	Where Moses went can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Moses went back up the mountain to report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	19	8	rwx6	figs-metonymy		0	the people’s words	The word “words” refers to what the people said. Alternate translation: “what the people said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	19	10	ie7y			0	you must set them apart to me	This probably means “tell them to dedicate themselves to me” or “tell them to purify themselves for me.”
EXO	19	10	j891			0	their garments	“their clothes” or “what they are wearing”
EXO	19	11	d6tm	figs-you		0	Be ready	This was a command to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	19	12	lg7u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	19	12	d48p			0	set boundaries	“make a boundary.” This was either a mark or some kind of barrier.
EXO	19	12	kis1	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever touches the mountain will surely be put to death	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must surely put to death any person who touches the mountain” or “You must surely kill anyone who touches the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	19	12	ibe7			0	Whoever touches	“Any person who touches” or “Anyone who touches”
EXO	19	13	l9ak			0	such a person	“a person who does that” or “a person who touches the mountain”
EXO	19	13	k35k	figs-activepassive		0	he must certainly be stoned or shot	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly stone or shoot him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	19	13	vw19			0	shot	This refers to being killed by someone who shoots arrows from a bow or stones from a slingshot.
EXO	19	13	ng41			0	a long blast	“a long, loud sound”
EXO	19	15	bw2p	figs-euphemism		0	do not go near your wives	This is a polite way of talking about sleeping with their wives. Alternate translation: “do not sleep with your wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	19	16	fvt8			0	All the people…trembled	“All the people…shook with fear”
EXO	19	18	m1b5			0	Yahweh descended	“Yahweh came down”
EXO	19	18	a8p7			0	like the smoke of a furnace	This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: “like the smoke from a very large fire”
EXO	19	18	np1s	translate-unknown		0	furnace	an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	19	19	m8ae			0	grew louder and louder	“continued to become louder and louder”
EXO	19	19	f5e6	figs-metonymy		0	in a voice	The word “voice” here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are (1) “by speaking loudly like thunder” or (2) “by speaking” or (3) “by causing thunder to sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	19	20	v7mh			0	he summoned Moses	“he commanded Moses to come up”
EXO	19	21	d2qm	figs-metaphor		0	not to break through	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated “set bounds” in [Exodus 19:12](../19/12.md). Alternate translation: “not to go beyond the boundary” or “not to go through the barrier”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	19	24	w8lx			0	get down	“go down”
EXO	19	24	bk6p	figs-metaphor		0	break through the barrier	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:21](../19/21.md). Alternate translation: “go beyond the boundary” or “go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	20	intro	x7vt			0		# Exodus 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
EXO	20	2	qg71			0	house of slavery	“place where you were slaves”
EXO	20	3	r9h3			0	You must have no other gods before me	“You must not worship any other gods but me”
EXO	20	4	rkn1			0	nor the likeness	“and you must not make the likeness”
EXO	20	5	ka3i			0	You must not bow down to them or worship them	The word “them” refers to carved figures or idols.
EXO	20	5	r6zh			0	jealous	God wants his people to worship only him.
EXO	20	5	w4cs			0	punish the ancestors’ wickedness by bringing punishment on the descendants	God will punish people for the sin of their parents.
EXO	20	5	s2ia	translate-ordinal		0	to the third and the fourth generation	“to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	20	6	u9nc	figs-abstractnouns		0	I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I faithfully love thousands of those who love me” or “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	20	6	yw38	figs-explicit		0	to thousands of those who love me	The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	20	7	t3k2			0	take the name of Yahweh your God	“use the name of Yahweh your God”
EXO	20	7	gcz2			0	in vain	“carelessly” or “without proper respect”
EXO	20	7	sl6g	figs-doublenegatives		0	I will not hold guiltless	This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” or “I will certainly punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	20	8	kwn7			0	set it apart	“set it apart for a special purpose”
EXO	20	9	sad1			0	do all your work	“do all your usual duties”
EXO	20	10	t1ky	figs-metonymy		0	within your gates	Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	20	11	vw1f	translate-ordinal		0	on the seventh day	“on day seven.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for “7.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	20	11	s8ds			0	blessed the Sabbath day	Possible meanings are that (1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or (2) God said that the Sabbath day was good.
EXO	20	14	wyv9			0	You must not commit adultery	“You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse”
EXO	20	16	zix8			0	must not give false testimony	“must not speak a false report” or “must not tell lies about someone”
EXO	20	17	vt9t			0	must not covet	“must not strongly want to have” or “must not want to take”
EXO	20	18	swq3			0	voice of the trumpet	“sound of the trumpet”
EXO	20	18	nm52			0	the mountain smoking	“smoke coming from the mountain”
EXO	20	18	lmt5			0	they trembled	“they shook with fear”
EXO	20	18	h53m			0	stood far off	“stood far away” or “stood at a distance”
EXO	20	20	slb8			0	so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin	“so that you will honor him and not sin”
EXO	20	21	lts1			0	Moses approached	“Moses went closer to”
EXO	20	22	tq2f			0	This is what you must tell the Israelites	“Tell the Israelites this”
EXO	20	22	r6jh			0	You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven	“You have heard me speak to you from heaven”
EXO	20	23	hi91			0	You will not make for yourselves other gods alongside me	“You must not make idols as other gods instead of me”
EXO	20	23	qm44			0	gods of silver or gods of gold	“gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
EXO	20	24	pf1i			0	earthen altar	an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay
EXO	20	24	ge89	figs-metonymy		0	cause my name to be honored	Here “name” is a metonym for God’s being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “choose for you to honor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	20	26	qm1b			0	You must not go up to my altar on steps	“Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps”
EXO	20	26	h2qd			0	your nakedness	“your private parts”
EXO	21	intro	dnd3			0		# Exodus 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant with Moses<br>Although the covenant Yahweh made with Moses began in the previous chapter, it formally begins with the statement, “Now these are the decrees that you must set before them.” The law of Moses was a major part of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Slavery<br>This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice.<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	21	1	b3g4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	21	1	hhf7			0	you must set before them	“you must give them” or “you must tell them”
EXO	21	2	di5z			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	21	3	ln3r	figs-explicit		0	If he came by himself, he must go free by himself	What “by himself” means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the additional condition, that he marries while a slave, be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If he became a slave while he had no wife, and if he marries while he is a slave, the master need only free the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	3	pfn3			0	by himself	“alone” or “without a wife”
EXO	21	3	e467			0	if he is married	“if he was married when he became a slave” or “if he came as a married man”
EXO	21	5	yj8x			0	plainly says	“clearly says”
EXO	21	5	jqh4			0	I will not go out free	“I do not want my master to set me free”
EXO	21	6	z8x1			0	bore his ear through	“put a hole in his ear”
EXO	21	6	xpd3			0	awl	a pointed tool used to make a hole
EXO	21	6	k6ev			0	for life	“until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
EXO	21	8	p8se			0	has designated	“has chosen”
EXO	21	8	t2zf	figs-activepassive		0	he must let her be bought back	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he must allow her father to buy her back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	8	bi4y			0	has no right to sell	“has no authority to sell”
EXO	21	8	h7f7			0	he has treated her deceitfully	“he has deceived her”
EXO	21	9	w99z			0	designates her as a wife for his son	“decides that she is the one who will be his son’s wife”
EXO	21	10	rxk4	figs-doublenegatives		0	he must not diminish her food, clothing, or her marital rights	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he must give the first wife the same food, clothing, and marital rights she had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	21	10	q2gt			0	must not diminish her food	“must not take away her food” or “must not give her less food”
EXO	21	10	np9b	figs-euphemism		0	or her marital rights	This includes things that a husband must do for his wife, including sleeping with her. Alternate translation: “and he must continue to sleep with her as before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	21	12	gks4			0	strikes a man	“hits a man” or “attacks a man”
EXO	21	12	su6b	figs-activepassive		0	that person must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly execute that person” or “you must certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	13	h4ka			0	did not do it with premeditation	“did not plan to do it” or “did not do it on purpose”
EXO	21	13	gme9	figs-explicit		0	I will fix a place to where he can flee	The purpose of choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: “I will choose a place that he can run away to be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	14	st5h			0	according to a cunning plan	“after thinking carefully about it”
EXO	21	14	abx6			0	must take him	The word “him” refers to the one who killed his neighbor.
EXO	21	14	bcc6	figs-activepassive		0	so that he may die	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you can kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	15	y3hd	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever hits his father or mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone hits his father or mother, you must surely put him to death” or “You must surely kill anyone who hits his father or mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	15	qh2j			0	must surely	“must certainly”
EXO	21	16	iu81	figs-activepassive		0	that kidnapper must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill that kidnapper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	17	h8qf	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill anyone who curses his father or his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	18	hk3c	figs-activepassive		0	is confined to his bed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cannot get out of bed” or “has to stay in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	19	c7rv			0	he recovers	“he gets better”
EXO	21	19	fa8t			0	staff	This is a stick that can be leaned on for support while walking.
EXO	21	19	xg6c	figs-explicit		0	the loss of his time	This refers to a situation when someone cannot work to earn money. You can express this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the time he could not work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	19	ws14			0	pay for his complete recovery	“pay his medical costs” or “pay for his costs for healing”
EXO	21	20	te41			0	as a result of the blow	“because of the injury” or “because his master hit him”
EXO	21	20	h4eg	figs-activepassive		0	that man must surely be punished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly punish that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	21	r65u	figs-explicit		0	for he will have suffered the loss of the servant	You can express clearly in the translation that the servant was valuable to his master. Alternate translation: “because he has already lost his servant who was valuable to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	22	a6av			0	she miscarries	“her baby dies in her womb” or “her baby is born too soon and dies”
EXO	21	22	cn4h	figs-activepassive		0	the guilty man must surely be fined	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly fine the guilty man” or “the guilty man must pay a fine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	22	v5ye			0	as the judges determine	“what the judges decide”
EXO	21	23	x2ek	figs-explicit		0	you must give a life for a life	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “he must give his life for her life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	24	c5bq	figs-explicit		0	an eye for an eye	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “his eye for her eye” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	26	i8cg			0	If a man	Here “man” refers to the owner of a slave.
EXO	21	26	bmc1			0	in compensation	“as payment.” Compensation is what someone does for another person or gives to another person to make up for what he has caused that person to lose.
EXO	21	28	sp6w			0	an ox gores	“an ox injures with its horns”
EXO	21	28	qk3u	figs-activepassive		0	the ox must surely be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must stone the ox to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	28	q2gv	figs-activepassive		0	its flesh must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat its flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	28	d4li	figs-activepassive		0	the ox’s owner must be acquitted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must acquit the ox’s owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	29	nzn1	figs-activepassive		0	its owner also must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must also kill its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	30	t5rs	figs-explicit		0	If a payment is required for his life	If the ox’s owner can pay a fine to save his own life, then he must pay whatever the judges decide. The full meaning of this can be stated clearly. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the owner of the bull can pay a fine to save his own life, he must pay the full amount that the judges say that he must pay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	31	kg25			0	has gored	“has injured with its horns”
EXO	21	32	qzv3	translate-bmoney		0	thirty shekels of silver	“330 grams of silver.” A shekel weighed eleven grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
EXO	21	32	wm9a	figs-activepassive		0	the ox must be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill the ox by stoning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	33	fd4p			0	opens a pit	“uncovers a hole in the ground” or “takes a cover off a hole in the ground”
EXO	21	34	b48a	figs-explicit		0	repay the loss	The owner must be paid for the loss of his animal. Alternate translation: “pay the owner for the dead animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	34	j8qz	figs-explicit		0	will become his	The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will belong to the owner of the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	35	z9ug			0	divide its price	“divide the money” or “divide the money they receive”
EXO	21	36	fkx2	figs-activepassive		0	if it was known	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if people knew” or “if the owner knew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	21	36	v64b			0	a habit of goring in time past	“had gored other animals before”
EXO	21	36	ix8h	figs-explicit		0	its owner has not kept it in	This means that the owner did not keep his ox securely inside a fence. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “its owner did not keep it inside a fence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	21	36	dcv2	figs-explicit		0	he must surely pay ox for ox	The owner of the ox that killed must give an ox to the man who lost his ox. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the owner of the ox that killed must surely give a living ox to the owner of the ox that died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	22	intro	f9vb			0		# Exodus 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. In this chapter, the purpose of these laws often focuses on minimizing the people’s desire for vengeance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])
EXO	22	1	syx5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	22	2	mt43	figs-activepassive		0	If a thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone finds a thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	2	e98x			0	breaking in	“using force to come into a house”
EXO	22	2	gt5f	figs-activepassive		0	if he is struck so that he dies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if anyone strikes the thief so that he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	2	fq57			0	no guilt for murder will attach to anyone on his account	“no one will be guilty of murdering him”
EXO	22	3	vym5			0	if the sun has risen before he breaks in	“if it is light before he breaks in” or “if he breaks in and it is after sunrise”
EXO	22	3	nl2i			0	guilt for murder will attach to the person who kills him	“the person who kills him will be guilty of murder”
EXO	22	3	f4w4			0	make restitution	“pay for what he stole”
EXO	22	3	c5yl	figs-activepassive		0	he must be sold for his theft	This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	4	k926	figs-activepassive		0	If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If they find that he still has the live animal that he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	4	g5kg			0	pay back double	pay two animals for every animal that he took
EXO	22	5	j24t			0	If a man grazes his livestock	“If a man lets his animals eat plants”
EXO	22	5	ty82			0	it grazes	“it eats plants”
EXO	22	5	jrb3			0	he must make restitution	“he must pay back the owner of that field”
EXO	22	6	x6aj			0	If a fire breaks out and spreads in thorns	“If someone starts a fire and it spreads in thorns”
EXO	22	6	i4ma			0	spreads in thorns	“moves along the ground through dry plants”
EXO	22	6	u1pa			0	stacked grain	This is grain that has been cut and tied in bundles. “bundled grain” or “harvested grain”
EXO	22	6	r2cf			0	standing grain	This is grain that has not been cut, but it is ready to be harvested.
EXO	22	6	w6ku			0	a field is consumed	“fire consumes a field” or “fire destroys a field”
EXO	22	6	j398			0	must surely make restitution	“must certainly pay for the grain that the fire destroyed”
EXO	22	7	jw3v			0	for safe keeping	“to watch over it” or “to keep it safe”
EXO	22	7	na9h	figs-activepassive		0	if it is stolen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone steals it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	7	z7zu			0	thief	someone who steals something
EXO	22	7	x2sh	figs-activepassive		0	if the thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you find the thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	8	lwg5			0	come before the judges to see whether	“come before the judges so that they can find out if”
EXO	22	8	f774	figs-idiom		0	has put his own hand on his neighbor’s property	This is an idiom. If you have a way of saying this in your language, you can use it here. Alternate translation: “has stolen his neighbor’s property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	22	9	p7ab			0	the claim of both parties must come before the judges	The judges must listen to both people who claim that the item belongs to them and the judges will decide who is guilty.
EXO	22	11	gl7t	figs-activepassive		0	an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both	Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh and the owner must accept that oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	12	yw3w	figs-activepassive		0	But if it was stolen from him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if someone stole the animal from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	13	b313	figs-activepassive		0	If an animal was torn in pieces	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if a wild beast tore the animal in pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	13	pc6i	figs-activepassive		0	He will not have to pay for what was torn	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will not have to pay for the animal that the wild beast destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	14	h8yw			0	must surely make restitution	“must certainly repay with another animal” or “must certainly pay the owner for the animal”
EXO	22	15	g3zw	figs-activepassive		0	if the animal was hired	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone rented the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	15	r792	figs-explicit		0	it will be paid for by its hiring fee	The one who borrowed the animal will not have to pay the owner anything more than the hiring or rental fee. This fee will pay for the loss of the animal. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the money that someone paid to rent the animal will cover the loss of the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	22	15	f9w9			0	hiring fee	“rental fee” or “money paid to rent the animal”
EXO	22	16	a8s8			0	a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged	“a man persuades a virgin who is not engaged that she wants to sleep with him”
EXO	22	16	th2m			0	not engaged	“not promised to be married”
EXO	22	16	g24h	figs-euphemism		0	if he lies with her	Lying with someone is a euphemism for having sex. Alternate translation: “if he has sex with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	22	16	x33y			0	bride wealth	“dowry” or “bride price”
EXO	22	17	y2xz			0	him, he	These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin.
EXO	22	19	y3qy	figs-euphemism		0	Whoever lies with an animal	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Whoever has sexual relations with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EXO	22	20	n4nh	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh must be completely destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you must completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	22	21	kr35			0	wrong a foreigner	“mistreat a foreigner” or “cheat a foreigner”
EXO	22	22	djh3	figs-doublenegatives		0	You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “You must treat all widows and fatherless children fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	22	22	v3i8			0	widow	“woman whose husband has died”
EXO	22	22	l2ih			0	fatherless child	“orphan” or “child with no parents”
EXO	22	24	sx9h	figs-metonymy		0	I will kill you with the sword	To be killed “with the sword” is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate translation: “you will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	22	25	v5je			0	a moneylender	“one who lends money”
EXO	22	25	g3ry			0	charge him interest	“charge him extra money for borrowing” or “charge him extra money for the loan”
EXO	22	26	vsk2			0	garment in pledge	“coat as collateral” or “coat as a guarantee to repay the loan”
EXO	22	27	wi2m			0	only covering	“only coat” or “only garment to keep him warm”
EXO	22	27	x7zb	figs-rquestion		0	What else can he sleep in?	This question adds emphasis. You can translate it as a strong statement. Alternate translation: “He will have nothing to wear while he sleeps!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	22	28	eel2			0	You must not blaspheme me, God	“Do not insult God” or “Do not speak evil about God”
EXO	22	28	tdj6			0	nor curse a ruler	“and do not ask God to do bad things to a ruler”
EXO	22	29	p8nk	figs-doublenegatives		0	You must not hold back offerings	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “You must bring all of your offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	22	29	m4yq			0	give to me the firstborn of your sons	“dedicate your firstborn sons to me”
EXO	22	30	cya6			0	do the same with	“dedicate to me the firstborn of”
EXO	22	30	j345	translate-numbers		0	For seven days	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “For 7 days after they are born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	22	30	m4wq	translate-numbers		0	the eighth day	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “day number 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	22	30	l9vh			0	give them to me	“dedicate them to me”
EXO	23	intro	hk5t			0		# Exodus 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>### Celebrations of feasts and festivals<br>The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them.
EXO	23	1	we1y			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	1	y1a3			0	dishonest witness	This is the same as a lying or false witness.
EXO	23	2	nqz9			0	nor may you bear witness	“and you also must not speak”
EXO	23	2	z6ej	figs-metaphor		0	siding with the crowd	This is a metaphor that describes one’s agreeing with a group of people as if he actually walked over and stood with that group. Alternate translation: “doing what the crowd wants” or “agreeing with the majority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	23	2	tnv2			0	pervert justice	do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling
EXO	23	4	faf4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	6	gr9g			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	6	z2al			0	Do not thrust aside justice for your poor in his lawsuit	“Do not decide to treat a poor man unjustly in legal matters”
EXO	23	6	vh76			0	lawsuit	Here, this refers to any matter that a court decides.
EXO	23	7	mf4w			0	I will not acquit the wicked	“I will not find the wicked not guilty” or “I will not say of wicked people that they are innocent”
EXO	23	8	gh3v	figs-personification		0	bribe blinds…perverts	Here a “bribe” is described as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “bribe discredits…undermines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	23	9	mzu9			0	the life of a foreigner	“the kind of life a stranger lives in a foreign land”
EXO	23	10	usn5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	10	rt7h			0	its produce	“the food its plants produce”
EXO	23	11	vr1l			0	unplowed	uncultivated, untilled
EXO	23	11	b5q6			0	fallow	in its natural state, not used for to grow food
EXO	23	11	s4wv	figs-explicit		0	so that the poor among your people may eat	The poor can eat any food that grows on its own in a field that is not cultivated. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “so the poor among your people may harvest and eat any food that grows on its own in that field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	23	12	v36j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	12	ij92			0	your ox and your donkey	“your work animals”
EXO	23	12	gpu1	figs-activepassive		0	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “any foreigner may rest and regain his strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	23	13	ldn8			0	Pay attention to	“Do” or “Obey”
EXO	23	13	x5tf	figs-metonymy		0	mention the names of other gods	This represents praying to other gods. Alternate translation: “pray to other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	23	14	kp1j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	15	bu7n	translate-hebrewmonths		0	Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	23	15	tx1v	figs-doublenegatives		0	not appear before me empty-handed	Here understatement is used to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “come to me without a proper offering” or “always bring an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	23	16	tnz1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	16	z4k4			0	You must observe	“You must honor” or “You must celebrate”
EXO	23	16	pnx4			0	Festival of Ingathering	This festival celebrated the final harvesting of all the crops for the year.
EXO	23	17	t5xj	figs-explicit		0	All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh	Here to “appear” means to gather for worship. Alternate translation: “All the men must gather to worship the Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	23	18	rqs4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	18	qgx1			0	fat from the sacrifices	The fat was burned as an offering to Yahweh and was never eaten.
EXO	23	19	h3gs			0	the choicest firstfruits	“the best and first produce of the harvest”
EXO	23	19	u7bk			0	You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk	This was a magical fertility practice among the Canaanites, which the Israelites were not permitted to participate in.
EXO	23	20	e5sr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	21	pm7x			0	Be attentive to him	“Listen to him”
EXO	23	21	p5y3			0	Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon	“If you provoke him, he will not pardon”
EXO	23	21	p4jv	figs-metonymy		0	My name is on him	Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “He has my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	23	22	z1gn	figs-metonymy		0	If you indeed obey his voice	Here “voice” represents what the angel says. Alternate translation: “If you carefully obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	23	22	y9bm	figs-parallelism		0	an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	23	23	ap6k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	24	a1d5	figs-explicit		0	You must not…do as they do	The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: “You must not…live as the people who worship those gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	23	25	t3ir	figs-merism		0	he will bless your bread and water	This is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: “he will bless your food and drink” or “he will bless you by giving you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
EXO	23	25	ydl4	figs-123person		0	he will bless…I will remove	Yahweh switched between the first and third pronoun to refer to himself. Here both “he” and “I” refer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EXO	23	26	i9uj			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	26	q4gz	figs-doublenegatives		0	No woman will be barren or will miscarry her young in your land	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Every woman will be able to become pregnant and give birth to healthy babies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	23	26	i1r9			0	miscarry	to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly
EXO	23	28	cg7i			0	hornets	a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain
EXO	23	29	i9aq			0	or the land would become abandoned	“because no one would be living in the land”
EXO	23	30	zyl3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
EXO	23	33	d1fp	figs-metaphor		0	this will surely become a trap for you	This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction as if they were an animal caught in a hunter’s trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	24	intro	b83l			0		# Exodus 24 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ covenant<br>The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### God’s holiness<br>Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a “devouring fire.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	24	1	c97i	translate-names		0	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	24	1	nm3t	translate-numbers		0	seventy of Israel’s elders	“70 of Israel’s elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	24	3	cg32	figs-idiom		0	with one voice	This is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. Alternate translation: “together” or “in agreement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	24	4	h7gg			0	foot of the mountain	“base of the mountain” or “bottom of the mountain”
EXO	24	6	l5ia			0	Moses took half of the blood and put it into basins	Moses collected half of the blood in basins in order to splash it on the people in [Exodus 24:8](../24/08.md). This would confirm the people’s participation in the covenant between the people of Israel and God.
EXO	24	6	f7dh			0	he sprinkled the other half onto the altar	Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God’s participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel.
EXO	24	7	axt9	figs-activepassive		0	We will be obedient	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We will obey everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	24	8	h9ff	figs-explicit		0	Then Moses took the blood	This refers to the blood that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Then Moses took the blood that was in the bowls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	24	9	uz7y	translate-names		0	Nadab…Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	24	10	ic4s	figs-personification		0	Under his feet	This speaks of God as if he had human feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	24	10	je5k			0	a pavement made of sapphire stone	“a pavement made of blue stones called sapphires”
EXO	24	10	q8sn			0	pavement	a hard surface for walking or riding
EXO	24	10	pm87	translate-unknown		0	sapphire stone	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	24	10	zd6u	figs-simile		0	as clear as the sky itself	This is a simile. Alternate translation: “as clear as the sky is when there are no clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	24	11	jds6	figs-metonymy		0	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: “God did not harm the Israelite leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	24	12	dx4f	figs-explicit		0	tablets of stone and the law and commandments	God had written the law and commandments on the tablets of stone. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “two stone slabs on which I have written all the laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	24	13	gv5e			0	with his assistant Joshua	“with Joshua who assisted him” or “with Joshua who helped him”
EXO	24	14	qiy4			0	wait for us	“wait for Joshua and me”
EXO	24	14	uc7r	translate-names		0	Hur	Hur was a man who was a friend of Moses and Aaron. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:10](../17/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	24	16	j2s5	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh’s glory	This was the brilliant light of God’s presence. Alternate translation: “The brilliant light showing God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	24	17	e4n6	figs-simile		0	like a devouring fire	This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a fire. Alternate translation: “like a big fire burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EXO	24	17	k5lj	figs-metaphor		0	in the eyes of the Israelites	Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: “to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	24	18	h1wy	translate-numbers		0	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	25	intro	t23a			0		# Exodus 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	25	2	r5yr	figs-idiom		0	who is motivated by a willing heart	This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	25	2	k78q	figs-you		0	You must receive	The word “you” refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	25	3	s2ls			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	4	c1qn			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
EXO	25	4	c958			0	scarlet	bright red
EXO	25	6	i6gp	translate-unknown		0	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	25	7	mg4f	translate-unknown		0	onyx	a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	25	7	aks5	figs-activepassive		0	precious stones to be set	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “precious stones for someone to set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	7	c3hk			0	precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems”
EXO	25	8	d3vm			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	9	w4sc			0	tabernacle	Here this word means the same thing as the word “sanctuary” in verse 8.
EXO	25	9	c9qe	figs-you		0	You must make it	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	25	9	m1np	figs-you		0	show you in the plans	“show you in the design” or “show you in the pattern.” Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	25	10	n7j1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	10	cs23	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…almost 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	25	12	e59p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	12	wbq8			0	cast four rings of gold	Casting was a process in which gold was melted, poured into a mold that was in the shape of a ring, and then allowed to harden.
EXO	25	14	f2kz			0	in order to carry the ark	“so that you can carry the ark”
EXO	25	15	k67p			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	17	c675			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made.
EXO	25	17	ast8	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	25	18	hfw6			0	hammered gold	“beaten gold”
EXO	25	19	rgn8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	19	j38e			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	25	19	b4l9	figs-activepassive		0	They must be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	21	lm1p	figs-you		0	You must put	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	25	22	hl6e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses.
EXO	25	22	zu9u	figs-you		0	It is at the ark that I will meet with you	“I will meet with you at the ark.” In 25:22 the word “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	25	22	wq9w			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	25	23	b11v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	23	t312	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits…one cubit…a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	25	25	b6j8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	25	awi7			0	one handbreadth wide	a measurement of 7 to 8 centimeters
EXO	25	25	bit8			0	frame for it	“frame for the table”
EXO	25	26	y64j			0	feet were	“legs are”
EXO	25	27	jdh4	figs-activepassive		0	The rings must be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must attach the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	27	q5w8			0	in order to carry	“so you can carry”
EXO	25	28	d7jz			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	28	l4fk	figs-activepassive		0	so that the table may be carried with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may carry the table with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	29	v78d	figs-activepassive		0	to be used to pour out drink offerings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may use them to pour out drink offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	30	uth7			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God.
EXO	25	31	kc3q			0	hammered gold	“beaten gold.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:18](../25/18.md).
EXO	25	31	g25l	figs-activepassive		0	The lampstand is to be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	31	fq45	figs-activepassive		0	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers are to be all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers all of one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	33	nag2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
EXO	25	33	i7bh			0	almond blossoms	white or pink flowers that have five petals
EXO	25	34	ji3x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
EXO	25	35	lg8l			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
EXO	25	35	n5ed	figs-activepassive		0	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must make them as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	36	z9wy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
EXO	25	37	m2i7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	25	37	dfn6			0	for them to give light from it	“so they shine light from it”
EXO	25	38	l5w8	figs-activepassive		0	The tongs and their trays must be made of pure gold	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the tongs and their trays of pure gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	25	39	ff5p	translate-bweight		0	one talent	A talent weighs about thirty-three kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	25	39	ff8n			0	its accessories	the tongs and the trays
EXO	25	40	l7je	figs-activepassive		0	you are being shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am showing you on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	intro	emw7			0		# Exodus 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	26	1	hen6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
EXO	26	1	ks8r	figs-you		0	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	26	1	iww4			0	curtains	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle.
EXO	26	1	xvs7			0	scarlet wool	wool dyed a deep red color
EXO	26	1	n2vm			0	craftsman	a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
EXO	26	2	dkr6	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-eight cubits…four cubits	“28 cubits…4 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	26	3	ba6w	figs-activepassive		0	Five curtains must be joined to each other…must also be joined to each other	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Sew five curtains together to make one set, and sew the other five curtains together to make another set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	4	ghz8			0	one set	“one set of five curtains”
EXO	26	4	zxx4			0	the second set	“the second set of five curtains”
EXO	26	6	sns4			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops (verses 4 and 5) to hold the curtains together.
EXO	26	7	k2mi			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	7	t7t3	translate-numbers		0	eleven	“11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	26	8	p423	translate-numbers		0	thirty…four	“30…4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	26	8	v7i1	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	26	10	j8yn			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	10	etf7			0	loops	See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:4](./04.md).
EXO	26	11	cq36			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md).
EXO	26	12	x5p7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	13	k4ci	translate-bdistance		0	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	26	14	kii8			0	a covering of ram skins dyed red, and another covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
EXO	26	14	yz3v			0	dyed red	“colored red”
EXO	26	15	p38r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	15	y85l			0	frames	This refers to frames or panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood.
EXO	26	16	k4b7	translate-numbers		0	ten cubits…one and a half cubits	“10 cubits…1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	26	19	s45x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	19	c9id			0	silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place.
EXO	26	19	mm1h			0	pedestals	The silver bases kept the wooden board off the ground.
EXO	26	19	lg39	figs-activepassive		0	There must be two bases	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Put two bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	21	gag1	figs-explicit		0	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two boards should be done for the rest of the boards. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the boards” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	26	22	nw4c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	24	k1ec	figs-activepassive		0	These frames must be separate at the bottom, but joined at the top	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Separate these frames at the bottom, but join them at the top” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	25	p2wu			0	silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the frame in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
EXO	26	25	q8xh			0	in all	“total”
EXO	26	25	yr6d	figs-explicit		0	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two frames should be done for the rest of the frames. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md). Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	26	26	c95e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continue to tell Moses how the tabernacle was to be built.
EXO	26	26	fc8p			0	crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure.
EXO	26	27	rn67			0	the back side of the tabernacle to the west	The front was on the east side of the tabernacle.
EXO	26	29	x8ny			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle must be constructed.
EXO	26	29	ji1j			0	for them to serve as holders for the crossbars	“which will hold the crossbars” or “because they will hold the crossbars”
EXO	26	29	nq3m			0	crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md).
EXO	26	30	csf9	figs-activepassive		0	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	31	yqi6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed.
EXO	26	31	uc7w	figs-you		0	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	26	33	p2yq			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md).
EXO	26	33	d3gm	figs-explicit		0	you must bring in the ark of the testimony	The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “you must bring in the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	26	33	jc47	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain is to separate the holy place	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The curtain will separate the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	34	v7t1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	26	34	mli8			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	26	34	b9m2			0	on the ark of the testimony	“on the chest that contains the commandments”
EXO	26	35	lv9e	figs-explicit		0	The table must be on the north side	This is the table that holds the bread that represents the presence of God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Place the table for the bread of God’s presence on the north side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	26	36	h3s1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how to construct the tabernacle.
EXO	26	36	p5wf			0	a hanging	This was a large curtain made of cloth.
EXO	26	36	rr16			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are (1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:4](../25/04.md).
EXO	26	36	f6td			0	fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread.
EXO	26	36	r2fy			0	an embroiderer	“a person who sews designs into cloth” or “a person who embroiders”
EXO	27	intro	x4f7			0		# Exodus 27 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	27	1	hj65			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
EXO	27	1	qj4j	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits long and five cubits wide	“2.2 meters long on each side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	27	1	hbg9	translate-bdistance		0	The altar must be square and three cubits high	“The altar must be square and 1.3 meters high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	27	1	s8qy	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	27	2	lr23			0	You must make extensions of its four corners shaped like ox horns	“You must make projections that look like ox horns on its four corners”
EXO	27	2	lek3	figs-activepassive		0	The horns will be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make the horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	2	y4r2			0	must cover them	“must cover the altar and horns”
EXO	27	3	qn79			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	27	3	m4wm			0	basins	bowls
EXO	27	3	z5ax			0	firepans	These were pans that held hot coals from the altar.
EXO	27	3	j5zt			0	utensils	These were any instrument, vessel, or tool that served a useful purpose.
EXO	27	4	fp9m			0	You must make a grate for the altar, a network of bronze	“You must make a bronze grate for the altar”
EXO	27	4	hsq3			0	grate	a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning
EXO	27	5	v6n4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people need to do.
EXO	27	5	c5em	figs-explicit		0	You must put the grate under the ledge of the altar	The grate was placed inside the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must put the grate under the rim of the altar, on the inside of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	27	5	xc2t			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
EXO	27	6	wki4	figs-explicit		0	You must make poles for the altar	These poles were used for carrying the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must make poles for carrying the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	27	7	fb3t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people should do.
EXO	27	7	b3yx	figs-activepassive		0	The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must put the poles into the rings and place them on each side of the altar to carry it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	8	xj8e			0	planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
EXO	27	8	t5ey	figs-activepassive		0	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown to you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	9	y45x	figs-activepassive		0	There must be hangings…courtyard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must place hangings…courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	9	id4k			0	hangings of fine twined linen	A “hanging” was a large curtain made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md)
EXO	27	9	v748			0	fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread
EXO	27	9	ce9a	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “44 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	27	10	sfg8	figs-activepassive		0	There must also be hooks…posts	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must also attach hooks…posts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	10	k7rb			0	posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
EXO	27	11	n95e			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	27	11	gjg5			0	there must be hangings one hundred cubits long	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 27:9](./09.md).
EXO	27	11	x52h			0	there must be hangings	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make hangings”
EXO	27	11	nr77			0	with twenty posts, twenty bronze bases, hooks attached to the posts, and silver rods	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 27:10](./10.md).
EXO	27	12	p4u4			0	there must be a curtain	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make a curtain”
EXO	27	12	elw4			0	There must be ten posts	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make ten posts”
EXO	27	13	w2sg			0	The courtyard must also be fifty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “Make the courtyard fifty cubits long”
EXO	27	14	mzn5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	27	14	vy7r			0	The hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	27	14	z8n2			0	posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
EXO	27	14	gz7s			0	bases	These were metal blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
EXO	27	14	u8nm	translate-bdistance		0	fifteen cubits	about seven meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	27	16	wv46			0	The courtyard gate must be a curtain twenty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make a curtain twenty cubits long to be the courtyard gate”
EXO	27	16	h4tw	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain must be made…fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must make the curtain…fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer” or “Embroiderers must make the curtain…fine twined linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	16	kn9u			0	blue, purple, and scarlet material and fine twined linen	Possible meanings are (1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
EXO	27	16	g5wi			0	an embroiderer	a person who sews designs into cloth
EXO	27	17	wal2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	27	18	wt7n	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	“100 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	27	18	j1zp			0	fine twined linen hangings	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	27	19	w5n8	figs-activepassive		0	all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard must be made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “make all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	27	19	bs7c			0	tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground
EXO	27	20	wn9n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	27	21	ge7v			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle.
EXO	27	21	p7ru			0	ark of testimony	This is the chest that contains the sacred slabs of stone on which Yahweh had written his commandments.
EXO	27	21	vr7m			0	This requirement will be a lasting statute	“I require that the people do this as a lasting statute”
EXO	28	intro	r3yx			0		# Exodus 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Holy garments<br>Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	28	1	bsm1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
EXO	28	1	e1xb	figs-you		0	Call to yourself	Here “yourself” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	28	2	tv9h	figs-you		0	You must make	Here “you” refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	28	2	t5gy	figs-activepassive		0	garments that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “garments that you will set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	4	re79			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	4	tr5e			0	a coat of woven work	“a coat with a design woven into it”
EXO	28	4	dz5h			0	turban	a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times.
EXO	28	4	k184			0	sash	a piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest
EXO	28	6	yu8u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	6	u3rx			0	fine-twined linen	“finely-twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	28	6	k3bj			0	skillful craftsman	a person who can make beautiful objects by hand
EXO	28	8	w523	figs-activepassive		0	it must be made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they must make it in one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	9	c4ia	translate-unknown		0	onyx stones	These are valuable stones that have layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	10	at1b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	11	dv8k			0	With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engraving on a signet	“In the same way a person engraves on a seal”
EXO	28	11	x1xc			0	engraver	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
EXO	28	11	cm3f			0	signet	an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal
EXO	28	11	gh2r			0	settings	pieces of metal that hold the stone onto the ephod
EXO	28	13	hpc7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	13	pi4x			0	settings	These are pieces of metal that hold each stone onto the ephod. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
EXO	28	14	e746			0	two braided chains of pure gold like cords	“two chains of pure gold that are braided like cords”
EXO	28	15	ta6b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	15	sf8e			0	the work of a skillful workman, fashioned like the ephod	“a skillful workman will make it like the ephod”
EXO	28	16	cny4	translate-bdistance		0	span	A span is 22 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	28	17	spd4			0	General Information:	Twelve kinds of stone are listed here. Scholars are not sure which kinds of stones the Hebrew words refer to. Some translations list different stones.
EXO	28	17	qp4t	translate-unknown		0	precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems.” See how you translated these in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	17	n1ys	translate-unknown		0	ruby…topaz…garnet	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	18	ga1v			0	emerald…diamond	These are precious stones.
EXO	28	18	a5rr			0	sapphire	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. See how you translated this in [Exodus 24:10](../24/10.md).
EXO	28	19	z17r			0	jacinth…agate…amethyst	These are precious stones
EXO	28	20	ul2e	translate-unknown		0	beryl…jasper	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	20	rgf6	translate-unknown		0	onyx	This is a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated these in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	20	pw5h	figs-activepassive		0	They must be mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must mount them in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	21	d6fa			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	21	x4qn	figs-activepassive		0	The stones must be arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must arrange the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	21	z8mw			0	signet ring	A signet is an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal. Here the stone is mounted on a ring. See how you translated “signet” in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
EXO	28	22	m7yl			0	chains like cords, braided work of pure gold	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
EXO	28	25	cd3a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	25	d8y3			0	braided chains	“chains braided like cords.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
EXO	28	25	a4lc	figs-explicit		0	to the two settings	These are two settings that enclose the stones. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “to the two settings that enclose the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	28	27	e385			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	27	vw1w			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
EXO	28	28	se56	figs-activepassive		0	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they may attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	28	wf9v	figs-doublenegatives		0	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	28	29	k21k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	29	z1mz			0	he must carry the names of the people of Israel over his heart in the breastpiece	This refers to the names of the tribes engraved on the twelve stones the breastplate as described in [Exodus 28:17-21](./17.md).
EXO	28	29	cc97			0	over his heart	“over Aaron’s heart” or “on his chest”
EXO	28	30	f537			0	the Urim and the Thummim…the means for making decisions	The second phrase appears to refer to the Urim and Thummim and explain their purpose.
EXO	28	30	dgn9	translate-unknown		0	the Urim and the Thummim	It not clear what these are. They were objects, possibly stones, that the priest used to determine somehow the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	31	jl1d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	32	x42n			0	This must be the work of a weaver	This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “A weaver must make this robe”
EXO	28	32	rw96			0	a weaver	“a person who weaves” or “a person who creates cloth using thread”
EXO	28	33	v7gy			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people do.
EXO	28	33	t9re	translate-unknown		0	pomegranates	A pomegranate is a round fruit with a red outer skin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	28	34	kl55			0	a golden bell and a pomegranate	This phrase is repeated to show the pattern of the design on the robe.
EXO	28	35	de4m	figs-activepassive		0	The robe is to be on Aaron when he serves	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear the robe when he serves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	35	pf61	figs-activepassive		0	so that its sound can be heard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the bells make a sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	35	qtf9	figs-explicit		0	This is so that he does not die	It is implied that he would die because he did not obey Yahweh. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “As a result, he will not die because of disobeying my instructions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	28	36	e8qp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	36	nd2q			0	engrave on it, like the engraving on a signet	“write on it in the same way a person engraves on a seal.” See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md)
EXO	28	37	qka6			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	28	38	ee65	figs-activepassive		0	It must be on Aaron’s forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear it on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	38	u19w	figs-activepassive		0	The turban must be always on his forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must always wear the turban on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	28	39	cp68			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	39	t5vj			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	28	39	yi1l			0	sash	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	28	39	i62z			0	the work of an embroiderer	An embroiderer is a person who sews designs into cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	28	40	sc7t			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	40	pfs2			0	sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	28	40	v2tj			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes.
EXO	28	41	xa75	figs-explicit		0	You must clothe Aaron your brother	Aaron was the older brother of Moses. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Put these clothes on your older brother Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	28	42	vua7			0	General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	28	42	vz62			0	undergarments	These are underwear, clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin.
EXO	28	43	s6n2			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	28	43	r7y7			0	a permanent law	“a law the will not end”
EXO	29	intro	xmd9			0		# Exodus 29 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Consecrating priests<br>This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I will live among the Israelites”<br>As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark.
EXO	29	1	d6gk			0	Now	The word “now” marks a change in topic from garments for priests to consecrating priests.
EXO	29	1	z78h			0	you must do	Here “you” refers to Moses.
EXO	29	1	ld5s			0	to set them apart	“to set apart Aaron and his sons”
EXO	29	1	dq2c			0	serve me	Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
EXO	29	1	cgl2			0	one young bull	a male cow
EXO	29	2	ptm7	figs-activepassive		0	Also take wafers without yeast rubbed with oil	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Also take wafers without yeast and rub them with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	2	r449			0	bread…cakes…wafers	These are different kinds of food made from flour.
EXO	29	3	u713			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses
EXO	29	3	gm58			0	You must put them	“You must put the bread, cake, and wafer”
EXO	29	3	cd6m	figs-explicit		0	present them with the bull and the two rams	Here “present” means to offer as a sacrifice. The full meaning of this can be translated clearly. Alternate translation: “offer them to me when you sacrifice the bull and the two rams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	29	4	a6rz			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	29	5	va8b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	5	f7u7			0	coat	This was a coat with a design woven into it. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	29	5	pr4i			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
EXO	29	6	ap2x			0	turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	29	6	y59s			0	holy crown	This crown is described in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md) as being engraved with the words “dedicated to Yahweh” and made of pure gold.
EXO	29	8	s53c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	8	v46k			0	bring his sons	“bring Aaron’s sons”
EXO	29	8	jtc7			0	coats	These were coats with a design woven into them. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	29	9	j3a8			0	sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest. See how you translated this word in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	29	9	bh2d			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:40](../28/40.md).
EXO	29	9	r1x4			0	The work of the priesthood	“the duty of being priests”
EXO	29	9	ze9l	figs-explicit		0	will belong to them	The duty of being priests will also belong to the descendants of Aaron’s sons. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “will belong to them and their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	29	9	p7m9			0	permanent law	“a law the will not end.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md).
EXO	29	10	r782			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	10	p996			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	29	11	bf2m			0	You must kill the bull	The bull offering was to be killed by Moses, not the priests, at the doorway, not inside the tent of meeting.
EXO	29	11	y6kp	figs-explicit		0	kill the bull	Since the following verses will tell what to do with the blood from the bull, use a term for “kill” that will imply a method similar to “slitting its throat and catch the blood in a bowl.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	29	12	uxh3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	12	c2ud			0	the horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
EXO	29	12	xdl5			0	the rest of the blood	“the remaining blood”
EXO	29	13	x2c5			0	covers the inner parts	“covers the organs”
EXO	29	13	nsg6			0	liver…kidneys	These are organs in the body.
EXO	29	14	eza8			0	But as for the bull’s flesh, as well as its skin and dung	“But as for the remaining parts of the bull”
EXO	29	16	hd8i			0	You must kill the ram	For these consecration sacrifices for the priests, it was Moses, not Aaron or his sons, who had to kill the animals.
EXO	29	17	w2nb			0	the inner parts	“the organs.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md).
EXO	29	18	s68x			0	on the altar	Unlike the bull offering that was burned outside of the tent, the ram was to be burned on the inner altar.
EXO	29	19	x3iv			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	20	j6b1	figs-explicit		0	Then you must kill the ram	The ram was killed by cutting its throat. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Then kill the ram by slitting its throat” or “Then kill the ram by cutting its throat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	29	21	saa8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	21	w1aa	figs-activepassive		0	Aaron will then be set apart for me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “By doing this, you will dedicate Aaron to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	22	gj68			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	22	i3dc			0	inner parts…liver…kidney	These refer to organs inside the body. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md).
EXO	29	23	td8w			0	Take one loaf…before Yahweh	For 29:23 see how you translated similar words in [Exodus 29:2](../29/02.md).
EXO	29	23	i7vx			0	that is before Yahweh	“that you have placed before Yahweh”
EXO	29	24	wv9l			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	24	b9bj			0	You must put these	Here “these” refers to the parts of the sacrifice mentioned in the previous verses.
EXO	29	25	wz3a	figs-activepassive		0	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “burn it as an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	26	acx5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	26	bf71			0	ram of dedication	“ram that you dedicated” or “ram that you killed”
EXO	29	26	c21f			0	Aaron’s ram of dedication	“the ram that you used to dedicate Aaron”
EXO	29	28	uc2d			0	This will be a perpetual share for Aaron and his sons	“This is what Aaron and his sons will always receive from the people”
EXO	29	29	la34			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	29	qru8	figs-activepassive		0	The holy garments of Aaron must also be reserved for his sons after him	These garments belong to the priesthood and are not just Aaron’s personal clothing. Alternate translation: “Aaron must reserve the holy garments for his sons after him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	29	i5vz	figs-activepassive		0	They are to be anointed in them and ordained to me in them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must wear the holy garments when you anoint his sons and ordain them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	30	pe79			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	29	31	npz1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	31	l3xk			0	the ram for the installation of the priests	“the ram you killed when you installed the priests”
EXO	29	31	u9kl	figs-explicit		0	in a holy place	This is not the same as the holy place outside of the most holy place. This refers to a place within the courtyard. Alternate translation: “at the entrance to the tent of meeting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	29	32	dp8h			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	29	33	qk8i	figs-activepassive		0	that were given	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you sacrificed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	34	rhp7	figs-activepassive		0	It must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one must eat it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	34	lhi8	figs-activepassive		0	because it has been set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because you have set it apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	35	c2si			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	35	g9pm			0	In this way, by following all that I have commanded you to do, you must treat Aaron and his sons	“I have commanded you to treat Aaron and his sons this way”
EXO	29	37	pq5d			0	Then the altar will be completely set apart to me	“Then the altar will be most holy”
EXO	29	37	qk5h			0	will be set apart to Yahweh	“will also be very holy”
EXO	29	38	e4r9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	38	sli9			0	You must regularly offer on the altar every day	“You must daily offer on the altar”
EXO	29	40	rt1f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	40	x6i4	translate-fraction		0	a tenth…the fourth part	“1/10…1/4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	29	40	bwg1	translate-bvolume		0	ephah	An ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EXO	29	40	vt6f	translate-bvolume		0	hin	A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EXO	29	41	t1tt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	41	hgt9	figs-activepassive		0	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will be a burnt offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	42	j8cg			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	29	42	h5r7			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	29	43	f1t6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	29	43	ic8i	figs-activepassive		0	the tent will be set apart for me by my glory	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “My awesome presence will dedicate the tent to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	29	45	zcs1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	30	intro	z3yc			0		# Exodus 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
EXO	30	1	r1f4			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment.
EXO	30	1	v8vb	figs-you		0	You must make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	2	w56e	figs-activepassive		0	Its horns must be made	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	3	d3uu			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	3	ddb2			0	the incense altar	“an altar to burn incense”
EXO	30	4	qyg4	figs-activepassive		0	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you will attach to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	5	r61h			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	6	h33c	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	30	6	e52i			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	30	6	vg6k	figs-you		0	where I will meet with you	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	7	l2rl			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	8	qm7i			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	30	9	ckf9			0	But you must offer	Though the word “you” is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense.
EXO	30	10	ez2s			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	30	10	k6xk			0	horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
EXO	30	10	san2			0	throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	30	12	s73c	figs-you		0	When you take	Possible meanings are (1) “you” refers to just Moses or (2) “you” refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	12	k5p1			0	a census of the Israelites	The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
EXO	30	13	s69s	figs-activepassive		0	Everyone who is counted	This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	13	i4wk	translate-bmoney		0	half a shekel of silver	“1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	30	13	nfp6			0	according to the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used.
EXO	30	13	id6d	translate-unknown		0	twenty gerahs	“20 gerahs.” A gerah is a unit that people used for measuring how much something very small weighed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	30	14	k4h9	figs-metaphor		0	from twenty years old and up	Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: “from twenty years old and more” or “who is twenty years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	30	15	r7fd			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	15	rll6			0	the people	Only the men made this offering.
EXO	30	15	e8xa	translate-bmoney		0	the half shekel	Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	30	16	z6tn			0	It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives	Possible meanings are (1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or (2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.”
EXO	30	18	ye18	figs-you		0	You must also make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	18	v88y			0	bronze basin	“bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
EXO	30	18	bh82			0	a bronze stand	This is what the basin would be put on.
EXO	30	18	iq8n			0	a basin for washing	This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for.
EXO	30	18	m5li			0	the altar	the altar of sacrifice
EXO	30	19	jq26			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	19	ivb1			0	water in it	“water in the basin”
EXO	30	21	hp35			0	for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people’s generations	“for Aaron and all the generations of his descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	30	22	p8n6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	23	m9g7	translate-unknown		0	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	30	23	zq43	translate-numbers		0	five hundred shekels…250 shekels	“500 shekels…two hundred and fifty shekels.” A shekel is about 11 grams. Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “5.7 kilograms…11.4 kilograms” or “six kilograms…three kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	30	23	xga2	translate-unknown		0	cinnamon…cane	These are sweet spices. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	30	24	p9jh	translate-unknown		0	cassia	This is a sweet spice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	30	24	n38f	translate-bweight		0	the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	30	24	dv89	translate-bvolume		0	one hin	Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “3.7 liters” or “four liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	30	25	juf3			0	with these ingredients	“with these items”
EXO	30	25	k3s5			0	the work of a perfumer	Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it.
EXO	30	25	yv9l			0	a perfumer	a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils
EXO	30	26	f7k5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	30	26	u241	figs-you		0	You must anoint	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	26	d4id	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	30	28	v5mk			0	the altar for burnt offerings	“the altar on which offering were burnt”
EXO	30	29	a9hr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	30	29	np7g			0	set them apart	This refers to the items listed in [Exodus 30:26-28](./26.md).
EXO	30	31	k4s7			0	throughout your people’s generations	“all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	30	32	w4dt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what Moses must tell the people.
EXO	30	32	rlk4	figs-activepassive		0	It must not be applied to people’s skin	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	32	v3br			0	with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items”
EXO	30	33	pa53	figs-metaphor		0	that person must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	34	r3j2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of “you” are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST.
EXO	30	35	as9y	figs-activepassive		0	Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer	The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	30	35	y8yj			0	blended by a perfumer	Possible meanings are (1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or (2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
EXO	30	36	nz2a	figs-you		0	You will grind it	“You will crush it.” Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	36	t8y9	figs-you		0	You will regard	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	30	37	z4p5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	30	37	dq6c			0	you must not make any	The word “you” here refers to the people of Israel.
EXO	30	37	yv1y			0	with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md).
EXO	30	37	wh25			0	It must be most holy to you	“You must consider it to be most holy”
EXO	30	38	xn6v			0	perfume	This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body.
EXO	30	38	sa1m	figs-metaphor		0	must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” (2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or (3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:33](../30/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	31	intro	wfk7			0		# Exodus 31 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the end of Exodus’ recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sabbath<br>As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or celebration. Its significance extends beyond a way to help people rest. It is a major part of the identity of the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])
EXO	31	2	m8ju	figs-metonymy		0	I have called by name	God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate translation: “I have chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	31	2	hf5r	translate-names		0	Bezalel…Uri…Hur	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	31	3	ayb9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	31	3	f7sk	figs-metaphor		0	I have filled Bezalel with my Spirit	Yahweh speaks of giving Bezalel his Spirit as if Bezalel were a container and God’s Spirit were a liquid. Alternate translation: “I have given my Spirit to Bezalel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	31	3	r6i5	figs-abstractnouns		0	for all kinds of craftsmanship	The abstract noun “craftsmanship” can be translated as “making crafts” or “making things.” Alternate translation: “for making all kinds of crafts” or “so that he can make all kinds of things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	31	6	qk4r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	31	6	jh61	translate-names		0	Oholiab…Ahisamak	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	31	6	wcq7			0	I have put skill into the hearts of all who are wise	God speaks of making people able to make things as if he were putting the ability into their hearts. Alternate translation: “I have given skill to all who are wise” or “I have made all who are wise able to make things well”
EXO	31	7	jc78			0	tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
EXO	31	7	m58b	figs-explicit		0	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	31	7	z5s4			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	31	8	h84n			0	incense altar	“altar to burn incense.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md).
EXO	31	9	cvl7			0	altar for burnt offerings	“altar on which offering were burnt.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:28](../30/28.md).
EXO	31	10	hn88			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	31	11	z1u2			0	These craftsmen	“These people who are skilled in making beautiful things”
EXO	31	13	i1lw	figs-metaphor		0	You must certainly keep Yahweh’s Sabbath days	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “You must certainly obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	31	13	gw13			0	throughout your people’s generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	31	13	h75a	figs-metaphor		0	who sets you apart for himself	God speaks of choosing people to be his as setting them apart for himself. Alternate translation: “who has chosen you to be his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	31	14	g83p	figs-activepassive		0	for it must be treated by you as holy	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for you must treat it as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	31	14	mv4l	figs-metaphor		0	Everyone who defiles it	God speaks of treating the Sabbath with disrespect as defiling it. Alternate translation: “Everyone who treats the Sabbath with disrespect” or “Everyone who does not obey the laws about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	31	14	plq5	figs-activepassive		0	must surely be put to death	“must surely be killed.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill” or “you must surely execute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	31	14	fz1g	figs-metaphor		0	must surely be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: (1) “Yahweh will no longer consider him to be one of his people” (2) “you must surely send him away” or (3) “you must surely kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	31	15	v4dv	translate-numbers		0	but the seventh day	“but day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	31	16	iv7a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what he must tell the people of Israel.
EXO	31	16	t9hw	figs-metaphor		0	must keep the Sabbath	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “must obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	31	16	n7q2			0	They must observe it throughout their people’s generations	“They and all the generations of their descendants must observe it.” See how you translated “throughout their people’s generations” in [Exodus 12:42](../12/42.md).
EXO	31	16	yef8			0	lasting covenant	“a covenant that will always exist.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md).
EXO	31	18	xc6h	figs-activepassive		0	written on by his own hand	This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh wrote on with his own hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	32	intro	vv2w			0		# Exodus 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The events of this chapter occur while Moses spoke with God and therefore happen at the same time as the events in chapters 20-31.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 32:18.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Idolatry<br>The making of the golden calf was considered a form of idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	32	1	cfk8	figs-metaphor		0	the people saw	Here understanding something is spoken of as if it were being seen. Alternate translation: “the people realized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	1	k2i1			0	Come, make us an idol	The word “come” strengthens the force of the command following it. The people were demanding that Aaron make an idol for them.
EXO	32	1	mrb5			0	go before us	“lead us” or “be our leader”
EXO	32	2	p86s			0	bring them to me	The word “them” refers to the golden rings.
EXO	32	3	ckg2			0	All the people	This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses’ God as their God.
EXO	32	4	uf9e			0	fashioned it with an engraving tool and he made a cast idol in the shape of a calf	Aaron melted the gold and poured it into a mold that had the shape of a calf. When the gold became hard, he removed the mold, and the hardened gold had the shape of a calf.
EXO	32	5	ztx4	figs-explicit		0	When Aaron saw this	You may need to make explicit what he saw. “When Aaron saw what the people did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	32	6	as6u			0	to carouse in wild celebration	“to have a wild party.” The people likely behaved in sexually immoral ways at the party.
EXO	32	8	eua5	figs-metaphor		0	left the way that I commanded them	Here God speaks of the people disobeying what he commanded them as if he had told them to walk on a certain road and they left that road. Alternate translation: “stopped doing what I commanded them to do” or “have stopped obeying what I commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	9	bh7c	figs-metaphor		0	I have seen this people	Here Yahweh compares knowing the people to seeing them. Alternate translation: “I know this people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	9	ffe2	figs-metaphor		0	a stiff-necked people	Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: “a stubborn people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	10	fmk3			0	Now then	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people.
EXO	32	10	sd9w	figs-metaphor		0	My anger will burn hot against them	Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate translation: “My anger towards them will be terrible” or “I am extremely angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	10	vc2u	figs-you		0	from you	The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	32	11	h62e	figs-metaphor		0	why does your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand?	Moses used this question to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let your anger burn against your people…a mighty hand.” or “Do not be so angry with your people…a mighty hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	32	11	t2cv	figs-doublet		0	great power…mighty hand	These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO	32	11	ph43	figs-metonymy		0	a mighty hand	Here the word “hand” refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: “and the powerful things you did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	32	12	k26p			0	General Information:	Moses continues to reason with God not to destroy Israel.
EXO	32	12	r8ij	figs-rquestion		0	Why should the Egyptians say, ‘He led them out…to destroy them from the face of the earth?’	Moses used this question to try to persuade God not to destroy his people. This rhetorical question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: If you destroy your people, the Egyptians might say, ‘He led them out…to destroy them from the face of the earth.’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	32	12	kzh7			0	face of the earth	“from the surface of the earth” or “from the earth”
EXO	32	12	fns1			0	Turn from your burning anger	“Stop your burning anger” or “Stop being so angry”
EXO	32	12	p1df	figs-metaphor		0	your burning anger	Moses speaks of God’s anger as if it were a fire that was burning. Alternate translation: “your terrible anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	13	t9sa			0	Call to mind Abraham	“Remember Abraham” or “Think about Abraham”
EXO	32	13	p8jq			0	you swore	“you made an oath” or “you solemnly promised”
EXO	32	13	q1g1	figs-metaphor		0	They will inherit it forever	God speaks about them possessing the land as if they would inherit it. Alternate translation: “They will possess it forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	15	cx7z			0	tablets of the covenant decrees	These are the two stone slabs on which God had engraved his commandments.
EXO	32	16	w3ua	figs-parallelism		0	The tablets were God’s own work, and the writing was God’s own writing	These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains how the tablets were “God’s own work.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EXO	32	17	cua3	figs-explicit		0	he said to Moses	It is assumed that Joshua met Moses while Moses was going back to the camp. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	32	19	hr2j			0	the tablets	“the two stone slabs that Yahweh had written on”
EXO	32	21	du5l	figs-quotations		0	Then Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people…a great sin on them?”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses asked Aaron what the people do to him, that he have brought such a great sin on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	32	21	np73	figs-metaphor		0	you have brought such a great sin on them	Moses spoke of causing people to sin as if sin were an object and Aaron put it on them. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to sin so terribly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	22	z2ch	figs-metaphor		0	Do not let your anger burn hot	Aaron spoke of Moses’ anger as if it were a fire that could burn. “Do not be so angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	22	vdy2	figs-metaphor		0	they are set on doing evil	Being determined to do evil is spoken of as being set on evil. Alternate translation: “they are determined to do what is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	23	zn68			0	this Moses	People showed disrespect by putting the word “this” before his name, as if Moses were someone they did not know and could not trust.
EXO	32	24	yq7s	figs-quotations		0	So I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let him take it off.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “So I told them that whoever had any gold should take it off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	32	24	b3l5			0	I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf	Instead of taking ownership for making the calf, Aaron claims the calf came out of the fire supernaturally.
EXO	32	25	ck1f			0	were running wild	“were behaving wildly” or “were not controlling themselves”
EXO	32	26	jis7	figs-quotations		0	Then Moses stood at the entrance…“Whoever is on Yahweh’s side, come to me.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses stood at the entrance to the camp and said that whoever was on Yahweh’s side should come to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	32	26	ryb5	figs-metaphor		0	Whoever is on Yahweh’s side	Moses speaks of being loyal to Yahweh as being on Yahweh’s side. Alternate translation: “Whoever is loyal to Yahweh” or “Whoever serves Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	27	xsl3			0	go back and forth from entrance to entrance	“go from side of the camp to the other, starting at one entrance to the camp and going to the entrance on the other side of the camp”
EXO	32	28	at4i	translate-numbers		0	three thousand of the people	“3000 of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	32	29	jzp1			0	You have been placed into Yahweh’s service	This probably means “You have been chosen to serve Yahweh” or “You have become Yahweh’s servants.”
EXO	32	29	c6fg	figs-explicit		0	for each of you has taken action against his son and his brother	The fact that they did this in obedience to God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “for you have obeyed Yahweh and killed your sons and your brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	32	30	r5fn			0	You have committed a very great sin	They worshiped an idol.
EXO	32	30	yi3e	figs-metaphor		0	Perhaps I can make atonement for your sin	Moses spoke of persuading God to forgive the people as if he could make atonement for their sin. Alternate translation: “Perhaps I can persuade Yahweh to forgive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	32	32	c72y	figs-metonymy		0	blot me out of the book	The word “me” here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate translation: “erase my name from the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	32	32	ahb3	figs-explicit		0	the book that you have written	What God had written in the book can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the book in which you have written the names of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	32	33	igb4	figs-metonymy		0	that person I will blot out of my book	The phrase “that person” represents “that person’s name.” Alternate translation: “I will erase that person’s name from my book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	32	33	qwk9			0	my book	This refers to the book of Yahweh that Moses spoke of in [Exodus 32:32](../32/32.md).
EXO	32	34	xn8p			0	But on the day that I punish them, I will punish them	On the day that God decides to punish them, it will be clear that it is God who is judging them.
EXO	32	35	ddg6			0	Yahweh sent a plague on the people	This plague may have been a serious illness. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made the people very sick”
EXO	32	35	wv1v			0	they had made the calf, the one that Aaron made	Even though Aaron made the calf, the people were also guilty because they told Aaron to do it. Alternate translation: “they told Aaron to make the calf”
EXO	33	intro	g5k3			0		# Exodus 33 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>While the covenants Yahweh made may not be conditioned upon the obedience of Israel, it is clear that their conquering of the Promised Land was conditioned on their obedience to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])
EXO	33	1	p8xp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses of his anger.
EXO	33	3	yyt4	figs-metonymy		0	that land, which is flowing with milk and honey	The land was good for raising livestock and growing crops. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	33	3	y347			0	flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
EXO	33	3	ck4m	figs-metonymy		0	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	33	3	a4ct	figs-metonymy		0	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	33	3	ah5t			0	a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change”
EXO	33	4	cf7g			0	jewelry	beautiful clothing as well as chains and rings with jewels in them
EXO	33	5	rzr5			0	a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:3](../33/03.md).
EXO	33	9	yt4f	figs-metaphor		0	the pillar of cloud	The cloud had the shape of a pillar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:22](../13/22.md). Alternate translation: “the cloud shaped like a pillar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	33	9	vam7	figs-explicit		0	would come down	Where it came down from can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “would come down from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	33	11	zrb8	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh would speak to Moses face to face	Speaking directly rather than through dreams and visions, is spoken of as if Moses and God saw each other’s faces while they spoke. Alternate translation: “Yahweh would speak directly to Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	33	11	ika8			0	young man	Joshua was old enough to be a soldier, but he was much younger than Moses
EXO	33	12	unz8			0	See	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EXO	33	12	w7fs	figs-idiom		0	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	33	12	a7jr	figs-idiom		0	you have also found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “I have evaluated you and approve” or “I am pleased with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	33	13	e6vv	figs-idiom		0	Now if I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	33	13	zi7j			0	show me your ways	Possible meanings: (1) “show me what you are going to do in the future” or (2) “show me how people can do what pleases you.”
EXO	33	14	gh8q	figs-metonymy		0	My own presence will go	God’s presence represents himself. Alternate translation: “I will go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	33	14	hl15	figs-you		0	go with you…give you	The word “you” here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	33	14	hc5n			0	I will give you rest	“I will let you rest”
EXO	33	16	d36k			0	For otherwise	“For if your presence does not go with us”
EXO	33	16	tu8e	figs-activepassive		0	how will it be known	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will people know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	33	16	cgl8	figs-rquestion		0	how will it be known…people?	Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God’s sight. Alternate translation: “no one will know…people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EXO	33	16	u82a			0	Will it not only be if	“Will it not only be known if”
EXO	33	17	aln2	figs-you		0	General Information:	When Yahweh uses the word “you” in this verse, it is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	33	17	ln7y	figs-idiom		0	you have found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I am pleased with you” or “I approve of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	33	17	u2nv	figs-idiom		0	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	33	19	sx1a	figs-metonymy		0	I will make all my goodness pass before you	God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: “I will move past you so that you may see my goodness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	33	21	s4iy			0	See	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
EXO	33	23	fmu8			0	you will see my back	This is because Yahweh will be walking away from Moses.
EXO	33	23	gw1n	figs-activepassive		0	but my face will not be seen	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “but you will not see my face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	34	intro	smp6			0		# Exodus 34 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children”<br>This phrase does not mean that a child is necessarily punished for the sins of their parents. Many scholars believe that this passage indicates that a parent’s sins will have consequences that will affect their children and grandchildren. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
EXO	34	1	s1kv			0	tablets of stone	“flat slabs of stone.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:18](../31/18.md)
EXO	34	3	fk8z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	34	3	ck6d	figs-metonymy		0	Do not let anyone else be seen anywhere on the mountain	Being seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate translation: “Do not let anyone else be anywhere on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	3	x3rx			0	No flocks or herds are even to graze in front of the mountain	“Even flocks or herds are not allowed to come near the mountain to eat.”
EXO	34	5	sp7f			0	stood with Moses there	“stood with Moses on the mountain”
EXO	34	5	r9ey	figs-metonymy		0	he pronounced the name “Yahweh.”	Possible meanings are (1) “he spoke the name ‘Yahweh.’” or (2) “he proclaimed who Yahweh is.” For the second meaning, “name” would represent who God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	6	fz1q	figs-123person		0	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	God is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am God, and I am merciful and gracious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EXO	34	6	e1k3			0	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	“always showing covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness”
EXO	34	6	j7we	figs-abstractnouns		0	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “always being faithful to my covenant and always being trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	34	7	lt2j	figs-abstractnouns		0	keeping covenant faithfulness for thousands of generations	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands of generations” or “faithful to his covenant with thousands of generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO	34	7	q7z8	figs-123person		0	But he will	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “But I will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EXO	34	7	x397	figs-123person		0	he will by no means clear the guilty	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I will by no means clear the guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EXO	34	7	ts1b			0	will by no means clear the guilty	“will certainly not clear the guilty” or “will certainly not say that the guilty are innocent” or “will certainly not free guilty people”
EXO	34	7	px85	figs-metaphor		0	He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children	Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that someone could bring on people. Alternate translation: “He will punish the children for their fathers’ sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	7	c3tb	figs-metonymy		0	their children	The word “children” represents descendants. Alternate translation: “their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	9	mh3a	figs-idiom		0	If now I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	9	hw66	figs-doublet		0	our iniquity and our sin	The words “iniquity” and “sin” mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “all our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EXO	34	9	n6e5	figs-metaphor		0	take us as your inheritance	Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something that they had inherited. Alternate translation: “take us as the people that you possess forever” or “accept us as the people who belong to you forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	10	zdq6	figs-you		0	your people	Here “your” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	34	10	bj1a	figs-idiom		0	it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you	A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people will fear God when they see what he does. Alternate translation: “what I do for you will cause people to fear me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EXO	34	10	s7uz	figs-you		0	I am doing with you	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EXO	34	12	b459			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people must do.
EXO	34	12	lxz8	figs-metaphor		0	they will become a trap among you	People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: “they will tempt you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	14	vmx2	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh, whose name is Jealous	The word “Jealous” here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, always guard my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	14	s5sd	figs-metonymy		0	whose name is Jealous,	The word “name” here represents God’s character. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, who am always jealous” or “I, Yahweh, am always jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	15	f1e3			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how his people are to behave towards outsiders.
EXO	34	15	gtd8	figs-metaphor		0	for they prostitute themselves to their gods	God speaks of people worshiping other gods as if they were prostitutes going to other men. Alternate translation: “for they worship other gods” or “because they worship other gods like prostitutes who go to other men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	15	bj2i	figs-explicit		0	you will eat some of his sacrifice	The consequence of eating food that is sacrificed to another god can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of his sacrifice and become guilty of worshiping his gods” or “and you will prostitute yourself to his god by eating some of his sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	34	18	s1rr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	34	18	u5be	translate-numbers		0	seven days	“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	34	18	i5ck	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated “Aviv” in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	34	19	ly7d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	34	20	yz8x			0	buy back	Firstborn sons and firstborn donkeys belonged to Yahweh, but Yahweh did not want them sacrificed to Him. Instead, the Israelites were to sacrifice a lamb in their place. This allowed the Israelites to buy the donkeys and sons back from Yahweh.
EXO	34	20	u2p5	figs-metonymy		0	No one may appear before me empty-handed	God speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate translation: “No one may come to me without an offering” or “Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	34	21	w9ed			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	34	21	swm8			0	Even at plowing time and in harvest	“Even when you are preparing the soil or gathering the crops”
EXO	34	22	d13l			0	Festival of Ingathering	This festival was also known as the Festival of Shelters or the Festival of Booths. The idea came from the practice of the farmers living in temporary booths, or huts, out in the fields to guard the crop as it ripened. The word “Ingathering” means when they harvest their crop.
EXO	34	23	zh58			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
EXO	34	25	zx2v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	34	25	e8v2	figs-explicit		0	the blood of my sacrifice	The fact that the blood is from an animal can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the blood of an animal that you sacrifice to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	34	25	k2f7	figs-explicit		0	with any yeast	The fact that any yeast would be in bread can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with bread that has yeast in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	34	28	mm6l			0	Moses was there	“Moses was on the mountain”
EXO	34	28	j9t4	translate-numbers		0	forty days	“40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	34	28	wt1c			0	for forty days and nights	“for forty days, both day and night”
EXO	34	28	yun2			0	He wrote	“Moses wrote”
EXO	34	29	d9zk			0	had become radiant	“had started to shine”
EXO	34	31	jfb4			0	came up to him	“approached him” or “went to him.” They did not go up the mountain.
EXO	34	32	kt23	figs-metaphor		0	all the commands that Yahweh had given him	Telling commands is spoken of as if the commands were objects that could be given. Alternate translation: “all the commands that Yahweh had told him” or “everything that Yahweh had commanded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	34	34	fzm1			0	he would remove	“Moses would remove”
EXO	34	34	m1sv	figs-activepassive		0	what he was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had commanded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	35	intro	lew9			0		# Exodus 35 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sacrifice<br>All of the people offered sacrifices to Yahweh. This was a form of worship and a sign of repentance from making the golden calf idol. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
EXO	35	2	c559	translate-ordinal		0	the seventh day	“day number seven” or “Saturday” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	35	2	zij9	figs-activepassive		0	Whoever does any work on that day must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must kill anyone who does work on that day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	35	4	jdb8			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	5	h5c8			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	5	n2c8			0	Take an offering for Yahweh	“Take up a collection for Yahweh”
EXO	35	5	y2x6	figs-synecdoche		0	all of you who have a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person bringing the offering. Alternate translation: “everyone who is willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	35	6	r12v			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	7	nmv4			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	7	l5bq			0	ram skins dyed red and fine leather hides	See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
EXO	35	8	ikm4			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	9	f1dd			0	General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
EXO	35	10	c31r			0	General Information:	Moses continues telling the people what God commanded them to do.
EXO	35	10	dc4b			0	Every skilled man	“Every man with a skill”
EXO	35	11	j5t7			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
EXO	35	11	syn4			0	bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
EXO	35	12	rj7s			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	35	13	x3tl			0	They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
EXO	35	13	l641			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md).
EXO	35	16	h116			0	bronze grate	This is a frame of crossed bronze bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated “grate” in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
EXO	35	17	h8zl			0	hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	35	17	x54f			0	posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
EXO	35	17	xtm8			0	bases	These were blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
EXO	35	18	n44r			0	tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
EXO	35	19	x1pc			0	finely-woven garments	This was clothing made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
EXO	35	20	w6rg	figs-metonymy		0	all the tribes of Israel	This refers to the people in the tribes. Alternate translation: “the people from all the tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO	35	21	b9wk	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart stirred him up	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	35	21	be9z	figs-synecdoche		0	whom his spirit made willing	Here “spirit” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “who was willing” or “who wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	35	22	mwx8	figs-synecdoche		0	all who had a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “everyone who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	35	22	wwp2			0	brooches, earrings, rings, and ornaments	These are different kinds of jewelry.
EXO	35	23	s3ky			0	Everyone who had…brought them	For 35:23 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:4-5](../25/04.md).
EXO	35	25	ebm5			0	blue, purple, or scarlet wool	Possible meanings are (1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or (2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 25:4](../25/04.md).
EXO	35	26	k1gy	figs-synecdoche		0	whose hearts stirred them up	Here “hearts” refers to the women. The hearts of the women who responded to God are spoken of as if they were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	35	27	f13n			0	The leaders brought…breastpiece	For 35:27 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md).
EXO	35	28	h3a1			0	they brought spices…fragrant incense	For 35:28 see how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md)
EXO	35	29	li5z	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart was willing	Here “heart” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	35	30	z1e2			0	Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur, from the tribe of Judah	See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md)
EXO	35	31	gse9	figs-metaphor		0	He has filled Bezalel with his Spirit	God’s Spirit who gave Bezalel the ability to work is spoken of here as if he was something that filled up Bezalel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	35	31	zd74			0	filled Bezalel…craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:3](../31/03.md)
EXO	35	32	r7e3			0	to make artistic designs…bronze	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:4](../31/04.md)
EXO	35	33	fj6f			0	also to cut and set stones…craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:5](../31/05.md)
EXO	35	34	a1r8			0	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
EXO	35	34	xd67	figs-synecdoche		0	He has put it in his heart to teach	Here “heart” refers to Bezalel. The ability to teach is spoken of as if it something that could be placed in a heart. Alternate translation: “He gave Bezalel the ability to teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	35	34	ab2z	translate-names		0	Oholiab son of Ahisamak, from the tribe of Dan	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	35	35	rcv9	figs-metaphor		0	filled them with skill	Skill to create beautiful objects is spoken of as if it was something that could fill up a person. Alternate translation: “made them very skillful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	35	35	me14			0	engravers	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
EXO	35	35	u7tf			0	embroiderers	people who sew designs into cloth
EXO	35	35	r8zk			0	craftsmen	people who are skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
EXO	35	35	cw3x			0	weavers	a person who creates cloth using thread
EXO	35	35	a6c3			0	artistic designers	a person who creates beauty with materials
EXO	36	intro	nz4n			0		# Exodus 36 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Tent of meeting<br>The tent of meeting, or tabernacle, mentioned in previous chapters is constructed in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
EXO	36	1	ubk2			0	General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
EXO	36	1	ds99	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	36	1	tl5b	translate-names		0	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	36	1	tr3p	figs-metaphor		0	to whom Yahweh has given skill and ability	Here skill and ability are spoken of as if they are something that Yahweh can place inside a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	36	1	mdi4			0	according to all that Yahweh has commanded	“just as Yahweh has commanded”
EXO	36	2	tgn2	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	36	2	wq6q	translate-names		0	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	36	2	tda7	figs-synecdoche		0	in whose mind Yahweh had given skill	Here “mind” refers to the person who was made skillful by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to whom Yahweh had given skill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EXO	36	2	yuq8	figs-synecdoche		0	whose heart stirred within him	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	36	5	tni7	figs-quotations		0	The craftsmen told Moses…commanded us to do.”	The can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “The craftsmen told Moses that the people were bringing much more than enough for doing the work that Yahweh has commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
EXO	36	5	pd95			0	The craftsmen told Moses	“The men working on the sanctuary told Moses”
EXO	36	8	kw33			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md).
EXO	36	8	l7ub			0	ten curtains made from fine linen	These curtains are sheets of cloth woven and sewed together so that they can hang to form a wall or tent.
EXO	36	8	s2hu	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	36	9	p2mr			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:2](../26/02.md).
EXO	36	10	z6sq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:3](../26/03.md).
EXO	36	11	yw91			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:4](../26/04.md).
EXO	36	11	qh6e			0	He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel, but it includes all the men working on the sanctuary.
EXO	36	11	y7vq			0	loops of blue	loops of blue cloth
EXO	36	11	i4ba			0	curtain	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md).
EXO	36	12	k1qq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:5](../26/05.md).
EXO	36	13	z2zi			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
EXO	36	13	j75x	translate-numbers		0	fifty gold clasps	“50 gold clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	14	m2ac			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:7](../26/07.md).
EXO	36	14	us17	translate-numbers		0	made eleven	“made 11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	15	fa6i			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:8](../26/08.md).
EXO	36	15	ret8	translate-numbers		0	thirty cubits	“30 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	36	16	wwj6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:9](../26/09.md).
EXO	36	17	qt9b			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:10](../26/10.md).
EXO	36	17	jm1l	translate-numbers		0	fifty loops	“50 loops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	18	mq1j			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:11](../26/11.md).
EXO	36	18	a7mn	translate-numbers		0	fifty bronze clasps	“50 bronze clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	19	p3ke			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:14](../26/14.md).
EXO	36	20	t739			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:15](../26/15.md).
EXO	36	21	prx5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:16](../26/16.md).
EXO	36	21	gci3	translate-bdistance		0	ten cubits…one and a half cubits	“10 cubits…1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	36	22	l8yx			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:17](../26/17.md).
EXO	36	22	vq4m			0	two wooden pegs for joining	A wooden peg is a small piece of wood sticking out beyond the end of the board so it can be secured.
EXO	36	23	ev65			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:18](../26/18.md).
EXO	36	24	ln2x			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
EXO	36	24	u5ue	translate-numbers		0	forty silver bases	“40 silver bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	24	yx4b	translate-numbers		0	twenty frames	“20 frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	25	w2wz			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:20](../26/20.md).
EXO	36	26	gbm9			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md).
EXO	36	26	b9dy			0	and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
EXO	36	27	a7js			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:22](../26/22.md).
EXO	36	27	m6ue			0	on the west	on the side that is on the west
EXO	36	28	hw9c			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:23](../26/23.md).
EXO	36	28	ma1f			0	for the back corners	for the corners at the rear of the tabernacle
EXO	36	29	u396			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:24](../26/24.md).
EXO	36	30	mu5n			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:25](../26/25.md).
EXO	36	30	zls4	translate-numbers		0	sixteen bases in all	“16 bases in all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	36	30	r252			0	and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
EXO	36	31	cf2p			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md).
EXO	36	32	p4wd			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:27](../26/27.md).
EXO	36	32	tc6s			0	to the west	on the west side
EXO	36	33	h94y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:28](../26/28.md).
EXO	36	33	lk9f			0	from end to end	from one side of the tabernacle to the other side
EXO	36	34	i17v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:29](../26/29.md).
EXO	36	35	pfc5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:31](../26/31.md).
EXO	36	36	hg2q			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:32](../26/32.md).
EXO	36	37	r5ya			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
EXO	36	37	vv61			0	He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel and those working for him. “Bezalel and his men made”
EXO	36	37	neu2			0	a hanging	a curtain
EXO	36	38	pr67			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:37](../26/37.md).
EXO	37	intro	mt99			0		# Exodus 37 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The ark of the covenant<br>The ark, mentioned in previous chapters, is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
EXO	37	1	byr3			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:10](../25/10.md).
EXO	37	1	xz1t	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	37	1	ps6e	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	37	2	kb3s			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:11](../25/11.md).
EXO	37	3	pb6v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:12](../25/12.md).
EXO	37	3	ut8d	figs-metaphor		0	its four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	37	4	nr8y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:13](../25/13.md).
EXO	37	4	n9kr			0	He made	Though “he” refers to Bezalel, “he” may include all of the workers who assisted him.
EXO	37	5	v9j7			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:14](../25/14.md).
EXO	37	6	liw8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	37	6	ba8a	translate-bdistance		0	two and a half cubits…one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits…1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	37	7	nhi3			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:18](../25/18.md).
EXO	37	8	g96y			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:19](../25/19.md).
EXO	37	8	y13s	figs-activepassive		0	They were made as one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made them as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	9	e6na			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:20](../25/20.md).
EXO	37	9	r7nm	figs-personification		0	The cherubim spread out their wings upward and overshadowed	Bezalel placed the statues of the cherubim as if they were real cherubim which were spreading their wings and overshadowing the atonement lid. Alternate translation: “They placed the winged creatures so that their wings touched each other and spread out over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EXO	37	9	zsq1			0	The cherubim faced one another and looked toward	“The faces of the cherubim were towards each other, and they looked toward”
EXO	37	10	ktf8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:23](../25/23.md).
EXO	37	10	fnt3	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits…one cubit…one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits…1 cubit…1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters…46 centimeters…69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	37	11	l2kv			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:24](../25/24.md).
EXO	37	12	i1ba			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:25](../25/25.md).
EXO	37	12	j4iq	translate-bdistance		0	handbreadth	This was the width of a man’s hand with fingers spread out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	37	13	b56c			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:26](../25/26.md).
EXO	37	13	k69z	figs-metaphor		0	the four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO	37	14	tc3u			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:27](../25/27.md).
EXO	37	14	b3ma	figs-activepassive		0	The rings were attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel attached the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	15	zkr8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:28](../25/28.md).
EXO	37	16	h598			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:29](../25/29.md).
EXO	37	16	ui2r	figs-explicit		0	dishes, spoons, the bowls, and pitchers to be used to pour out the offerings	It is only the bowls and pitchers that are used to pour out the offerings. Alternate translation: “plates and cups, and also the jars and bowls which the priests will use for pouring out the offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	37	17	edx6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
EXO	37	17	wp6l			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	37	17	s977	figs-activepassive		0	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers were all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	18	kuh2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:32](../25/32.md).
EXO	37	19	g1y9			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:33](../25/33.md).
EXO	37	19	j6vz	figs-activepassive		0	three cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he made the 3 cups look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	19	cbe6			0	almond blossoms	An almond blossom is a white or pink flower with five petals that grows on an almond tree.
EXO	37	20	nl54			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:34](../25/34.md).
EXO	37	20	bx63	figs-activepassive		0	there were four cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there were 4 cups which Bezalel made to look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	21	x1u5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:35](../25/35.md).
EXO	37	21	v3c2	figs-activepassive		0	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which he made as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	22	ks9z			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:36](../25/36.md).
EXO	37	23	b2jq			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:37-38](../25/37.md).
EXO	37	23	r4y1			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	37	23	njx7			0	tongs	This is a tool made from two sticks of wood or metal connected at one end and used for picking up objects.
EXO	37	24	uz5h			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:39](../25/39.md).
EXO	37	24	arz1	translate-bweight		0	one talent	“33 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	37	25	el8w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:1-2](../30/01.md).
EXO	37	25	li9d			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	37	25	c8mg	translate-bdistance		0	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	37	25	xq8k	figs-activepassive		0	Its horns were made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece with the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	26	ep66			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md).
EXO	37	27	zez2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:4](../30/04.md).
EXO	37	27	d2v9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	37	27	p89d	figs-activepassive		0	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they attached to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	37	28	hw37			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:5](../30/05.md).
EXO	37	29	c992			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
EXO	37	29	z685			0	fragrant incense	See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md).
EXO	37	29	akg9			0	the work of a perfumer	A perfumer is skilled in mixing spices and oils.
EXO	38	intro	hp86			0		# Exodus 38 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The altar<br>The altar is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br><br>### Materials<br>The list of materials being used is intended to give the reader an understanding of the scale of the tabernacle. It should fill the reader with awe concerning the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	38	1	r81c			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:1](../27/01.md).
EXO	38	1	gk19			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	1	g5ex	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	One cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	38	2	g71x			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
EXO	38	2	se9l	figs-activepassive		0	The horns were made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	3	v73t			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:3](../27/03.md).
EXO	38	4	rx7v			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md) and [Exodus 27:5](../27/05.md).
EXO	38	4	nb1q			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	4	g5rb	figs-activepassive		0	to be placed under the ledge	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they placed under the ledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	5	kp6w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
EXO	38	6	l258			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:6](../27/06.md).
EXO	38	6	ihi9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	7	ys63			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:7-8](../27/07.md).
EXO	38	7	wa8g			0	planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
EXO	38	8	tqi9			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	8	e6gd			0	large bronze basin with a bronze stand	The stand supported the bronze basin. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:18](../30/18.md).
EXO	38	8	mdx9	figs-explicit		0	He made the basin out of mirrors	The bronze came from the mirrors. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “The bronze for the basin came from the mirrors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	38	8	e1wq			0	mirrors	A mirror is a piece of polished metal or glass that reflects an image.
EXO	38	9	clk6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:9](../27/09.md).
EXO	38	9	j2nq			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	9	i24a	translate-numbers		0	one hundred	“100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	9	su7e	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	38	10	nz6q			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
EXO	38	10	x9jn	translate-numbers		0	twenty	“20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	11	mp6n			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:11](../27/11.md).
EXO	38	11	kl3h	translate-numbers		0	one hundred…twenty	“100…20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	11	xl4c	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	38	12	g5iz			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:12](../27/12.md).
EXO	38	12	vuw5	translate-numbers		0	fifty…ten	“50…10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	13	iju3			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:13](../27/13.md).
EXO	38	13	fw1k	translate-numbers		0	fifty	“50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	13	jl57	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	38	14	n1xj			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:14](../27/14.md).
EXO	38	14	b85e	translate-numbers		0	fifteen…three	“15…3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	15	dlq7			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:15](../27/15.md).
EXO	38	16	s5zf	figs-activepassive		0	All the hangings around the courtyard were made of fine linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made all the hangings around the courtyard with fine linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	17	s5g5			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:17](../27/17.md).
EXO	38	17	r7g6	figs-activepassive		0	The bases for the posts were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made the bases for the posts out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	17	va1m	figs-activepassive		0	The hooks and rods for the posts were made of silver, and the covering for the tops of the posts was also made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the hooks, the rods for the posts, and the covering for the tops of the posts out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	17	i3bf	figs-activepassive		0	All the courtyard posts were covered with silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They covered the courtyard posts with silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	18	hmi5			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:16](../27/16.md).
EXO	38	18	h4ki	translate-numbers		0	twenty…five	“20…5” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	18	yf6z	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	38	18	trz5	figs-activepassive		0	The curtain was made of	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the curtain out of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	19	fjw4			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:17](../27/17.md).
EXO	38	19	kqf3	translate-numbers		0	four	“4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	19	a2ix	figs-activepassive		0	The covering for their tops and its rods were made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the covering for the tops of the posts and their rods out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	20	ye5c			0	General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
EXO	38	20	p55d	figs-activepassive		0	All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made all of the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	21	wqi5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	21	k2ex	figs-activepassive		0	as it was taken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Moses instructed the Levites to write down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	21	ex1t	translate-names		0	Ithamar	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	38	22	d86g	translate-names		0	Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur	“Bezalel” and “uri” are the name of men. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	38	22	i4ha			0	Yahweh had commanded Moses	“everything that Yahweh told Moses to do”
EXO	38	23	f93b	translate-names		0	Oholiab son of Ahisamak	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	38	23	wvw4			0	an engraver, as a skillful workman, and as an embroiderer	“as a skilled engraver and embroiderer”
EXO	38	24	tl4k	figs-activepassive		0	All the gold that was used for the project	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All the gold that the people used for the project” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	24	y7hy	translate-numbers		0	twenty-nine talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “29 talents” or “about 960 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	24	tg3f	translate-numbers		0	730 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “seven hundred and thirty shekels” or “about 8 kilograms.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	24	f6sq	translate-bweight		0	measured by the standard of the sanctuary shekel	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	25	ni5b	translate-numbers		0	one hundred talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “100 talents” or “about 330 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	25	gn9f	translate-numbers		0	1,775 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. “one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” or “about 20 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	25	egg4	figs-activepassive		0	The silver given by the community	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The silver which the community gave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	26	t2gi	translate-bweight		0	one beka	A beka is 1/2 a shekel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	26	fyy5	translate-bweight		0	half a shekel	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “1/2 a shekel” or “five and a half grams” or “5 1/2 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EXO	38	26	ll8b			0	This figure was reached on the basis of every person who was counted in the census	Every man who was 20 years old or older was included in the census and was required to give half a shekel.
EXO	38	26	c69c	translate-numbers		0	twenty years old	“20 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	27	p7r5	translate-bweight		0	One hundred talents of silver were cast	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “The workers cast 100 talents of silver” or “The workers cast 3,300 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	38	27	n8z7	translate-numbers		0	One hundred talents	“100 talents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	28	k2fi	translate-numbers		0	1,775 shekels	“one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	38	28	ii3y	translate-bmoney		0	shekels	A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
EXO	38	28	nxf5	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	38	29	p3mr	translate-numbers		0	seventy talents and 2,400 shekels	“70 talents and two thousand four hundred shekels.” This would be about 2,300 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EXO	38	30	zfk8			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
EXO	38	30	rck7			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
EXO	38	31	bvr9			0	tent pegs	These are sharp bronze stakes that were used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
EXO	39	intro	mll6			0		# Exodus 39 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The holy clothing<br>The special, holy clothing mentioned in previous chapters is produced in this chapter to the correct specifications. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO	39	1	s66r			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew shifts to making the priestly garments.
EXO	39	1	ys6l			0	they made	The word “they” refers to Bezalel, Oholiab, and the other workmen.
EXO	39	1	h8kg			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do”
EXO	39	2	b9mg			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:6](../28/06.md).
EXO	39	2	ain4			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	2	p5xy	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	39	4	c7lu			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:7](../28/07.md).
EXO	39	4	pq62			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	5	g75w			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
EXO	39	5	wf2i	figs-activepassive		0	it was made of one piece with the ephod, made of fine twined linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they made it as one piece with the ephod with fine twisted linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	39	5	cc56			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md).
EXO	39	6	k7vw			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:9](../28/09.md) and [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
EXO	39	6	h1bz			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	6	naa8			0	signet	This was an engraved stone that was used to stamp a design in a wax seal. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
EXO	39	6	ajh3	translate-numbers		0	twelve sons	“12 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO	39	7	ize6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:12](../28/12.md).
EXO	39	7	d24m			0	as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md).
EXO	39	8	mlf6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:15](../28/15.md).
EXO	39	8	gj9p			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	8	k7b6			0	He made	“Bezalel made” or “Bezalel and the workers made”
EXO	39	9	lkt1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:16](../28/16.md).
EXO	39	9	f4ms	translate-bdistance		0	span	A span is 23 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EXO	39	10	xzb8			0	General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	10	m54c			0	They set in it	“The workers set in the breastpiece”
EXO	39	10	cmv1	translate-unknown		0	ruby, a topaz, and a garnet	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:17](../28/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	39	11	qx96	translate-unknown		0	an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:18](../28/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	39	12	kk8t	translate-unknown		0	a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	39	13	l9wa	translate-unknown		0	a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:20](../28/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EXO	39	13	h3bw	figs-activepassive		0	The stones were mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They mounted the stones in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	39	14	z5va			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:21](../28/21.md).
EXO	39	14	a9bw			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	14	yby8	figs-activepassive		0	The stones were arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers arranged the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	39	15	byz8			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:22](../28/22.md).
EXO	39	16	b8m6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:23-24](../28/23.md).
EXO	39	17	w2s4			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:24](../28/24.md).
EXO	39	17	v4i5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	17	lc2x			0	two braided chains	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
EXO	39	18	bw76			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:25](../28/25.md).
EXO	39	19	nd41			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:26](../28/26.md).
EXO	39	19	del5			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	20	w8wz			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:27](../28/27.md).
EXO	39	20	l1dz			0	finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
EXO	39	21	zu91			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:28](../28/28.md).
EXO	39	21	uq61			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	21	h1yb	figs-activepassive		0	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so they could attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	39	21	scn8	figs-doublenegatives		0	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	The double negative can be translated as a positive. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO	39	22	vdw1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:31-32](../28/31.md).
EXO	39	22	n25q			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	22	p8nv	translate-names		0	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EXO	39	23	cyc1			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:32](../28/32.md).
EXO	39	24	eak6			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:33](../28/33.md).
EXO	39	25	sx9b			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
EXO	39	25	f8t3			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments as commanded in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
EXO	39	25	x1ww			0	bells of pure gold	These were tiny bells.
EXO	39	26	gtg5			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
EXO	39	27	pz63			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:39](../28/39.md).
EXO	39	27	rp6p			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
EXO	39	28	um4e			0	turban	This is a head covering worn by men made of a long strip of cloth wound around the head. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
EXO	39	28	jex8			0	headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:40](../28/40.md).
EXO	39	28	c4pr	figs-explicit		0	undergarments	This is clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:42](../28/42.md). Alternate translation: “underwear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	39	29	hn5g			0	sash	This is a long piece of cloth worn over the shoulder or around the waist. See how you translated this word in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md)
EXO	39	30	kq33			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:36](../28/36.md).
EXO	39	30	m6jj			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments..
EXO	39	30	d85k			0	holy crown	This was an engraved crown made of pure gold. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md).
EXO	39	31	fml2			0	General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:37](../28/37.md).
EXO	39	32	jh64			0	General Information:	The Israelites finish making the things Yahweh commanded in [Exodus 35:4-9](../35/04.md) and [Exodus 35:10-12](../35/10.md).
EXO	39	32	z1z7	figs-doublet		0	So the work on the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The people of Israel did everything	The “tabernacle” and “tent of meeting” are the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people of Israel finished all of the work on the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	39	33	y9ym			0	clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
EXO	39	33	b3q3			0	bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
EXO	39	34	z6r6			0	the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in this in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
EXO	39	35	i7d9			0	atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
EXO	39	36	lvq3			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
EXO	39	36	knn8			0	bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md).
EXO	39	39	e755			0	grate	This is a frame of crossed bars that held wood while burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
EXO	39	40	i8lm			0	Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
EXO	39	40	m3x9			0	They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
EXO	39	40	ajt4			0	the tabernacle, the tent of meeting	These refer to the same place.
EXO	39	42	ct6k			0	Thus the people	“And so the people”
EXO	39	43	t26m			0	behold	The word “behold” here draws attention to the information that follows.
EXO	39	43	z79s			0	As Yahweh had commanded, in that way they did it	“They did it in the way that Yahweh had commanded them”
EXO	40	intro	fa6e			0		# Exodus 40 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is repetitive and should read as a series of instructions. It is repeated as well to show that Moses was obedient to every detail of Yahweh’s command.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle”<br>This phrase indicates that Yahweh began to dwell within the tabernacle, among Israel, in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])
EXO	40	2	crr5	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first day of the first month of the new year	The new year marks the time when God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	40	3	iv52			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	40	3	l7fp			0	place the ark of the testimony in it	“place the ark of the covenant decrees in the sacred chest”
EXO	40	3	psu3			0	shield the ark with the curtain	“put the ark behind the curtain”
EXO	40	5	n4wx			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	40	5	a4xe			0	ark of the testimony	This refers to the “sacred chest.”
EXO	40	8	zfl6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
EXO	40	9	ce7i			0	all its furnishings	“all the things that are a part of it”
EXO	40	12	yiq8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	40	12	j7ea			0	You are to bring	Moses will do these things himself.
EXO	40	13	bs4j	figs-activepassive		0	that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	40	14	w7yw			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO	40	15	js17			0	throughout their people’s generations	“through all the generations of their descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
EXO	40	17	r6pc	figs-activepassive		0	So the tabernacle was set up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people set up the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	40	17	gzu5	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the first day of the first month	This refers to exactly one year after God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 40:2](../40/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	40	17	wnh8	translate-ordinal		0	in the second year	This is the second year after Yahweh brought his people out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO	40	18	kk4n	figs-explicit		0	Moses set up	Moses was the leader. The people helped him set up the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	40	18	c6rm			0	posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
EXO	40	21	l31p			0	He brought	Moses was the leader. He had workers helping him.
EXO	40	21	n8r9			0	for it to shield	“in front of”
EXO	40	24	sw1w	figs-explicit		0	He put the lampstand into the tent of meeting	Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Moses’ workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	40	26	i5gg	figs-explicit		0	in front of the curtain	This curtain separated the holy place from the very holy place. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “in front of the curtain that separated the holy place from the very holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	40	31	bf9c	figs-explicit		0	washed their hands and their feet from the basin	They washed with water from the basin. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “washed their hands and their feet with water from the basin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO	40	33	y62k			0	In this way	“And so”
EXO	40	34	ysd8			0	Yahweh’s glory filled	“Yahweh’s awesome presence filled”
EXO	40	36	ak35	figs-activepassive		0	was taken up from over	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “rose up from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO	40	37	s8y2	figs-activepassive		0	that it was lifted up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when it rose up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])