From 456ccf01a0418b0d0e6a7b8a6a128efc666f3386 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: VGM Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2021 17:03:01 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Update 'en_tn_01-GEN.tsv' --- en_tn_01-GEN.tsv | 7863 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 1 file changed, 4196 insertions(+), 3667 deletions(-) diff --git a/en_tn_01-GEN.tsv b/en_tn_01-GEN.tsv index b28f3c1fd..d7ac157f8 100644 --- a/en_tn_01-GEN.tsv +++ b/en_tn_01-GEN.tsv @@ -1,3667 +1,4196 @@ -Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote -GEN front intro d9wn 0 # Introduction to Genesis

## Part 1: General Introduction

### Outline of Genesis

1. From the Creation to the Tower of Babel
- The account of the creation of the heavens and the earth (1:1–4:26)
- The account of Adam (5:1–6:8)
- The account of Noah (6:9–11:9)
- The account of Shem (11:10–11:26)
- The account of Terah (11:27–11:32)
1. The accounts of the Patriarchs
- The account of Abraham (12:1-25:11)
- The account of Ishmael (25:12–25:18)
- The account of Isaac, focusing on Jacob (25:19–35:29)
- The account of Esau (36:1–37:1)
- The account of Jacob, focusing on Joseph (37:2–50:26)

### What is Genesis about?

Genesis begins with the early years of creation. It tells about God creating heaven, earth, and the first humans. It also tells about the first time humans sinned. This caused humans to be separated from God and to eventually die. Genesis 1-11 briefly tells about other important events that occurred over many hundreds of years. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]])

Genesis is also about the beginning of God’s people. Genesis 12-50 tells about how God remained faithful to Abraham and his descendants. Abraham’s descendants became known as the Hebrews and later as the Israelites. These people would worship Yahweh and be his people.

Genesis ends with Abraham’s descendants living in Egypt with the hope of returning one day to the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])

### How should the title of this book be translated?

“Genesis” means “beginning,” so translators should express this idea in their title. Titles such as “The Beginning of Things” may be suitable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

### Who wrote Genesis?

The writers of both the Old and New Testaments presented Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Genesis. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

### What are the covenants mentioned in Genesis?

A covenant is a formal, binding agreement between two parties that one or both parties must fulfill.

God made three covenants in Genesis. In the covenant with Adam, God promised to bless Adam and cause him to prosper. Adam was not allowed to eat fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. God promised that Adam would die if he disobeyed what he commanded.

In the covenant with Noah, God promised to never again destroy the world with a flood.

In the covenant with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham’s descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect them and to give them a land of their own.

### What was God’s purpose for the book of Genesis?

The book of Genesis says that God created a very good world. However, the world became cursed because human beings began to sin. But Genesis shows that God continues to have complete control over the world.

Genesis also describes the start of God’s plan to bless the whole world again. This is shown when God makes a covenant with Abraham. With this covenant, God chose Abraham and his descendants to be his people. God promised to bless the world through Abraham’s descendants.

### What was the custom for inheritance as described by Genesis?

There are several passages in Genesis that show the customs of a father who is about to die passing on a blessing to his son. Abraham blessed his son, Isaac, and made him the ancestor of the people of Israel. However, Ishmael, Abraham’s other son, did not receive that same divine blessing. Likewise, Isaac’s older son Esau did not receive the blessing. Isaac’s younger son, Jacob, received it instead. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

Also, it was the custom for a man to divide among his sons his material wealth and land. All his sons received equal portions except the oldest son. The firstborn son received twice as much. His portion was called a double portion. Esau gave up his right to receive the double portion.

### How does Genesis present sin and evil?

Genesis presents sin as doing things that are against God’s word and God’s ways. It presents evil as the opposite of good.

Sin and evil have affected all people. This started when Adam disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden.

## Part 3: Important Translation Issues

### What is one way in which Genesis marks the beginning of important sections?

Genesis uses one Hebrew phrase that the ULT translates as “this is the record of,” “these were the events concerning,” or “these were the descendants of.” The information in these sections may have come from sources much older than Moses. These passages are 2:4; 5:1; 6:9; 10:1; 11:10, 27; 25:12, 19; 36:1, 9; 37:2.

If the translator wants to translate in only two ways, we recommend for most passages a phrase such as, “this is the record about” or “this is information about.” Some passages will be better translated, however, as “These were the descendants of.”

### Why are the beginnings of some narrative sections in Genesis difficult to translate?

Often in Genesis, the author first summarizes what is about to happen. Then in the following verses, the author tells the details of what happened. Probable examples of this style occur in Gen. 1:1, 6:22, 18:1, 21:1 and 22:1.

However, in many languages, it is preferred to write summaries at the end of a narrative. In this case, translators may choose a different approach. For example, in Gen. 1:1 (“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”), translators may decide to translate like this: “This is about how God made the heavens and the earth in the beginning.”

### What is the difference between “people,” “peoples,” and “people groups”?

The word “people” refers to all the individuals who belong to a group, such as “the people of Israel.” The word “peoples” (used in the ULT) refers to multiple groups of people. Each people group might speak their own language, have their own customs, and worships their own gods. Some different peoples in the ancient Near East were those of Israel, Egypt, Edom, Moab, and Ammon.

The expression “people groups” (used in the UST) means the same thing as “peoples” in the ULT. The translator should use the most equivalent term that is common in the project language.

### What is the relationship between individuals and peoples that have similar names?

Many individuals in Genesis eventually had large numbers of descendants who were called after their ancestor’s name. For example, Cush was the name of an individual. But, “Cush” also became the name of nation that his descendants formed. They were called “Cushites.” If possible, when translating these names, the translator should make the individual’s name and the nation’s name similar. Examples of this are “Cush” and “Cushite” or “Moab” and “Moabite.” Otherwise, the translator may say, “the descendants of Cush” or “the descendants of Moab.”

### What do the phrases “to this day” or “of today” mean?

These phrases were used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” and “of today” refer to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Gen. 19:37, 19:38, 22:14, 26:33, 32:32, 35:20, 47:26, 48:18. -GEN 1 intro zb6f 0 # Genesis 01 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter presents the first account of God creating the world. There is a pattern to this account: “God said…God saw that it was good…This was evening and morning, the first day.” Translators should preserve this pattern in their versions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### The universe

This account of creation is told within the framework of ancient Hebrew ideas about the universe: the earth was resting with water around it and below it. Over the earth was something like a vast dome, called “an expanse between the waters” (1:6), on top of which was more water. Translators should try to keep these original images in their work, even though readers in their project language might have a completely different idea of what the universe is like.

### Evening and morning

Genesis 1 presents the ancient Hebrew idea of a day: it begins with sunset, lasts through the night and continues through the daylight hours until the next sunset. This pattern should be preserved in translation, even if readers in the project language define “day” differently.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “In the beginning”

Some languages and cultures speak of the world as if it has always existed, as if it had no beginning. But “very long ago” is different from “in the beginning,” and you need to be sure that your translation communicates correctly.

### “God said, ‘Let there be’”

This expression occurs often in this chapter. It can be difficult to translate, because God is not shown as talking to a particular person. If God is talking to a thing, it is something not yet in existence. Translators should find the most natural way in the project language to signal the idea that God spoke things into existence; he created the world and the things in it by simply commanding that they should exist. -GEN 1 1 f2mg 0 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth “This is about how God made the heavens and the earth in the beginning.” This statement summarizes the rest of the chapter. Some languages translate it as “A very long time ago God created the heavens and the earth.” Translate it in a way that shows this actually happened and is not just a folk story. -GEN 1 1 d49e 0 In the beginning This refers to the start of the world and everything in it. -GEN 1 1 sk34 0 the heavens and the earth “the sky, the ground, and everything in them” -GEN 1 1 mz2j 0 heavens This refers here to the sky. -GEN 1 2 fn3q 0 without form and empty God had not yet put the world in order. -GEN 1 2 ta3a 0 the deep “the water” or “the deep water” or “the vast water” -GEN 1 2 n2d9 0 the surface of the waters “the surface of the water” or “the water” -GEN 1 3 d7qw figs-imperative 0 Let there be light This is a command. By commanding that light should exist, God made it exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 4 h2r1 0 God saw the light, that it was good “God considered the light and was pleased with it.” “Good” here means “pleasing” or “suitable.” -GEN 1 4 m8ue 0 divided the light from the darkness “separated the light and the darkness” or “made it light at one time and dark at another.” This refers to God creating the daytime and the night time. -GEN 1 5 gl7g 0 This was evening and morning, the first day God did these things on the first day that the universe existed. -GEN 1 5 jc2d figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 6 urb3 figs-imperative 0 Let there be an expanse…let it divide These are commands. By commanding that the expanse should exist and that it divide the waters, God made it exist and divide the waters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 6 t6zc 0 expanse large empty space. The Jewish people thought of this space as being shaped like the inside of dome or the inside of a bowl that is turned upside down. -GEN 1 6 se1i 0 between the waters “in the water” -GEN 1 7 tq7f 0 God made the expanse and divided the waters “In this way God made the expanse and divided the waters.” When God spoke, it happened. This sentence explains what God did when he spoke. -GEN 1 7 mt8y 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. -GEN 1 8 ss9r figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 8 s25m 0 the second day This refers to the second day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. -GEN 1 9 zu6f figs-activepassive 0 Let the waters…be gathered This can be translated with an active verb. This is a command. By commanding that the waters gather together, God made them gather together. Alternate translation: “Let the waters…gather” or “Let the waters…come together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 9 iv2c figs-imperative 0 let the dry land appear The water had covered the land. Now the water would move aside and some of the land would be uncovered. This is a command. By commanding that dry land should appear, God made it appear. Alternate translation: “let dry land become visible” or “let the dry land become clear” or “let the land be uncovered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 9 l151 0 dry land This refers to land that is not covered with water. It does not refer to land that is too dry for farming. -GEN 1 9 ha33 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). -GEN 1 10 g6hl 0 the dry land “earth,” and “the part that was dry ‘earth,’ and” -GEN 1 10 ey94 0 He saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the land and the sea. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). -GEN 1 11 d9q7 figs-imperative 0 Let the earth sprout vegetation This is a command. By commanding that vegetation should sprout on the earth, God made it sprout. Alternate translation: “Let vegetation sprout up on the earth” or “Let vegetation grow on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 11 q5yp 0 vegetation: plants yielding seed and fruit trees bearing fruit “vegetation, each plant that bears seed and each tree that bears fruit” or “vegetation. Let them be plants that produce seeds and fruit trees that produce fruit.” Here “vegetation” is used here as a general term that includes all plants and trees. -GEN 1 11 ssc1 0 plants These are kinds of vegetation that have soft stems, rather than woody stems. -GEN 1 11 v3v1 0 fruit trees bearing fruit whose seed is in the fruit “trees that bear fruit with seeds in them” -GEN 1 11 j3au 0 each according to its own kind The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came from. In this way, the plants and trees would “reproduce themselves” . -GEN 1 11 fx6h 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). -GEN 1 12 d6s3 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the vegetation, plants, and trees. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md). -GEN 1 13 ch8e figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 13 vw3s 0 the third day This refers to the third day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. -GEN 1 14 sr8w figs-imperative 0 Let there be lights in the sky This is a command. By commanding that lights should exist, God made them exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 14 g95y 0 lights in the sky “things that shine in the sky” or “things that give light in the sky.” This refers to the sun, moon, and stars. -GEN 1 14 t7b1 0 in the sky “in the expanse of the sky” or “in the large space of the sky” -GEN 1 14 uw3r 0 to divide the day from the night “to separate the day from the night.” This means “to help us tell the difference between day and night.” The sun means it is daytime, and the moon and stars mean it is nighttime. -GEN 1 14 m2r4 figs-imperative 0 let them be as signs This is a command. By commanding that they should serve as signs, God made them serve as signs. Alternate translation: “Let them serve as signs” or “let them show” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 14 e4bt 0 signs Here this means something that reveals or points to something. -GEN 1 14 x7vq 0 for seasons, for days and years The sun, moon, and stars show the passing of time. This enables us to know when it is time for events that happen each week, month, or year. -GEN 1 14 ln32 0 seasons times that are set aside for festivals and other things that people do -GEN 1 15 q4ne figs-imperative 0 Let them be lights in the sky to give light upon the earth This is a command. By commanding that they should light the earth, God made them light the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 15 p48m 0 to give light upon the earth “to shine light on the earth” or “to brighten the earth.” The earth does not self-shine but it is lit and so reflects light. -GEN 1 15 y2g4 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). -GEN 1 16 p5cz 0 God made the two great lights “In this way God made the two great lights.” This sentence explains what God did when he spoke. -GEN 1 16 z4uy 0 the two great lights “the two large lights” or “the two bright lights.” The two great lights are the sun and the moon. -GEN 1 16 byf5 figs-personification 0 to rule the day The lights that controlled the day are spoken of as if they were a human ruler that controlled what people do. Alternate translation: “to direct the daytime as a ruler directs a group of people” or “to mark the times of the day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 1 16 ce4u 0 day This refers only to the daylight hours. -GEN 1 16 a3ky 0 the lesser light “the smaller light” or “the dimmer light” -GEN 1 17 n5jb 0 in the sky “in the heavens” or “in the open space of the sky” -GEN 1 18 uz9k 0 to divide the light from the darkness “to separate the light from the darkness” or “to make it light at one time and dark at another.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). -GEN 1 18 ugh9 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the sun, moon, and stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). -GEN 1 19 ds1l figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 19 ukw9 0 the fourth day This refers to the fourth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. -GEN 1 20 uw3u figs-imperative 0 Let the waters be filled with great numbers of living creatures This is a command. By commanding that living creatures should fill the waters, God made them exist. Some languages may have one word that refers to all kinds of fish and sea animals. Alternate translation: “Let the waters be full of many living things” or “Let many animals that swim live in the oceans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 20 g6cj figs-imperative 0 let birds fly This is a command. By commanding that birds should fly, God made them fly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 20 p48l 0 birds “animals that fly” or “flying things” -GEN 1 20 mqw4 0 the expanse of the sky “the open space of the sky” or “the sky” -GEN 1 21 ks9m 0 God created “In this way God created” -GEN 1 21 j9az 0 great sea creatures “large animals that live in the sea” -GEN 1 21 hum1 0 after its kind Living things of the same “kind” are like the ones they came from. See how you translated “kind” in [Genesis 1:11,12](./11.md). -GEN 1 21 p614 0 every winged bird “every flying thing that has wings.” If the word for birds is used, it may be more natural in some languages to simply say “every bird,” since all birds have wings. -GEN 1 21 s322 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the birds and the fish. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). -GEN 1 22 y1bp 0 blessed them “blessed the animals that he had made” -GEN 1 22 ti8f figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful and multiply This is God’s blessing. He told the sea animals to produce more sea animals like themselves, so that there would be many of them in the seas. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 1 22 e4tn 0 multiply increase greatly in number -GEN 1 22 lm9s figs-imperative 0 Let birds multiply This is a command. By commanding that birds should multiply, God made birds multiply. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 22 sg3v 0 birds “animals that fly” or “flying things.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:20](../01/20.md). -GEN 1 23 kpz8 figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 23 ne8k 0 the fifth day This refers to the fifth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. -GEN 1 24 ke21 figs-imperative 0 Let the earth produce living creatures “Let the earth produce living things” or “Let many living animals live on the earth.” This is a command. By commanding that the earth should produce living creatures, God made the earth produce living creatures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 1 24 x6eu 0 each according to its own kind “so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind” -GEN 1 24 m1pi 0 livestock, creeping things, and beasts of the earth This shows that God created all kinds of animals. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. -GEN 1 24 g2m4 0 livestock animals that people look after -GEN 1 24 yk9w 0 creeping things “small animals” -GEN 1 24 r6l3 0 beasts of the earth “wild animals” or “dangerous animals” -GEN 1 24 l3v2 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). -GEN 1 25 m7h6 0 God made the beasts “In this way God made the beasts” -GEN 1 25 s88h 0 He saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the living creatures on the earth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). -GEN 1 26 x8fd figs-pronouns 0 Let us make The word “us” here refers to God. God was saying what he intended to do. The pronoun “us” is plural. Possible reasons for the plural use are (1) the plural form suggests that God is discussing something with the angels that make up his heavenly court or (2) the plural form foreshadows the later New Testament implications that God exists in the form of the Holy Trinity. Some translate it as “Let me make” or “I will make.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) -GEN 1 26 xk37 0 man human beings -GEN 1 26 kt75 figs-doublet 0 in our image, after our likeness These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. Alternate translation: “to truly be like us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) -GEN 1 26 st51 0 have dominion over “rule over” or “have authority over” -GEN 1 27 qip4 figs-parallelism 0 God created man…he created him These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in his own image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 1 27 r7sx 0 God created man The way that God created man was different from the way he created everything else. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking, as in the preceding verses. -GEN 1 28 uiq2 0 God blessed them The word “them” refers to the man and woman God had created. -GEN 1 28 tfr1 figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful, and multiply God told the man and the woman to produce more people like themselves so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:22](../01/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 1 28 a7nj 0 Fill the earth Fill the earth with people. -GEN 1 30 j3is 0 General Information: God continues speaking. -GEN 1 30 vc53 0 every bird of the heavens “all the birds that fly in the sky” -GEN 1 30 etp6 0 that has the breath of life “that breathes.” This phrase emphasizes that these animals had a different kind of life than the plants. Plants do not breathe, and were to be used as food for the animals. Here “life” means physical life. -GEN 1 30 di9p 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). -GEN 1 31 re3q 0 Behold, it “This is true and important: it” -GEN 1 31 r2m5 0 it was very good Now when God looked at everything he had made, it was “very good. “See how you translated “it was good” in [Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md). -GEN 1 31 stn7 figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 1 31 vqp1 0 the sixth day This refers to the sixth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. -GEN 2 intro nfp7 0 # Genesis 02 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Gen. 2:1-3 ends the first creation account, begun in the previous chapter. The second creation account, beginning in 2:4, is very different, using a more natural, story-telling style instead of following a set formula using repeated phrases. Translators should try to imitate this difference in their versions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### The second creation account in Gen. 2:4-25

Gen. 2:4-25 presents an account of creation from a different viewpoint than the one given in Gen. 1:1-2:3. This second account should be regarded as filling out the first account, not as conflicting with it.

### Yahweh, the name of God

“Yahweh,” the personal name of God in the Old Testament, appears for the first time in this chapter. Translators must decide how to represent it in their versions. For 2,000 years, it has been traditional for many Christians to represent it with the term “the Lord.” Indeed, it is demanded by Roman Catholics for their Bible versions to continue doing this. Of course, the disadvantage of using “the Lord” is that this is a title for God, not a personal name. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]])

Translators who are not producing versions for Roman Catholics can consider transliterating the name “Yahweh,” approximating the name as best as their project languages allow.

Or translators can consider using expressions for the supreme god that might exist in their project languages, such as, “The Great One,” “The Ruler of All,” “The One who Never Sleeps,” etc. Of course, these are descriptive titles, not personal names, so they suffer from the same disadvantages that “the Lord” has.

Translators can also consider pairing a transliteration of “Yahweh” with a meaningful title for the supreme god in the project language. Whatever solution is found should be followed consistently when the name “Yahweh” occurs in the Scriptures.

### The Garden of Eden

This was not a vegetable garden or cultivated field. Instead, it was probably a large area of land with fruit trees and other plants bearing leaves, etc., that were good to eat. A river flowed out from the Garden of Eden, giving the impression that the Garden was a holy place; in the ancient Near East, temples had gardens and waterways. In Rev. 22:1-2, the throne of God in the New Jerusalem is pictured with a river flowing out from it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]]) -GEN 2 1 c32g 0 the heavens “the sky” or “the skies” -GEN 2 1 u4a2 0 and all the living things that filled them “and all the many living things that are in them” or “and all the crowds of living things in them” -GEN 2 1 yv5z figs-activepassive 0 were finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God had finished creating them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 2 2 hi76 0 On the seventh day God came to the end of his work God did not work at all on the seventh day. -GEN 2 2 qf2n figs-idiom 0 came to the end of This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “had finished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 2 2 a69h 0 he rested on the seventh day from all his work “on that day he did not work” -GEN 2 3 k8jv 0 God blessed the seventh day Possible meanings are (1) God caused the seventh day to produce good result or (2) God said that the seventh day was good. -GEN 2 3 k5p6 0 sanctified it “set it apart” or “called it his own” -GEN 2 3 dc8y 0 in it he rested from all his work “on it he did not work” -GEN 2 4 br8g 0 General Information: The rest of Genesis 2 tells about how God created people on the sixth day. -GEN 2 4 f65q 0 These were the events concerning the heavens and the earth “This is the account of the heavens and the earth” or “This is the story about the heavens and the earth.” Possible meanings are (1) it is a summary of the events described in Genesis 1:1-2:3 or (2) it introduces the events described in Genesis 2. If possible, translate this so that people can understood it either way. -GEN 2 4 e8kg 0 they were created “Yahweh God created them.” In chapter 1 the writer always speaks of God as “God,” but in chapter 2 he always speaks of God as “Yahweh God.” -GEN 2 4 j1fv 0 on the day that Yahweh God made “when Yahweh God created.” The word “day” refers to the whole time span of the creation, not to just one particular day. -GEN 2 4 rpv8 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. -GEN 2 5 s14i 0 No bush of the field no shrubs growing in the wild that animals might eat -GEN 2 5 rk64 0 no plant of the field no leafy plants like vegetables or greens that both animals and humans can eat -GEN 2 5 ef6d 0 to cultivate to do everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well -GEN 2 6 xfl8 0 mist Possible meanings are (1) something like dew or morning fog o (2) springs from underground streams. -GEN 2 6 v3yt 0 the whole surface of the ground the entire earth -GEN 2 7 id8h 0 formed man “molded man” or “shaped man” or “created man” -GEN 2 7 dk8k 0 man…man “a human being…the human” or “a person…the person” not specifically a male -GEN 2 7 hjr4 0 his nostrils “his nose” -GEN 2 7 ix5v 0 breath of life “breath that makes things live.” Here “life” refers to physical life. -GEN 2 8 ezu8 0 a garden This could have been an orchard of fruit trees or an area with all kinds of trees. -GEN 2 8 mn4d 0 eastward in the east -GEN 2 9 rq2t 0 the tree of life “the tree that gives people life” -GEN 2 9 ff9d 0 life Here this means “eternal life” or life that does not end. -GEN 2 9 p743 0 the tree of the knowledge of good and evil “the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil” or “the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things” -GEN 2 9 rp99 figs-merism 0 good and evil This is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. Alternate translation: “everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 2 9 r1nw 0 in the midst of the garden “in the middle of the garden.” The two trees may not have been in the exact center of the garden. -GEN 2 10 qg1f 0 A river went out of Eden to water the garden The garden was in Eden. The river continued to flow outside of Eden. “A river flowed through Eden to water the garden” -GEN 2 11 nw6i translate-names 0 Pishon This is the only time this river is referred to in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 2 11 k6gw translate-names 0 the whole land of Havilah “the whole land called Havilah.” It was somewhere in the Arabian Desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 2 11 i82f figs-distinguish 0 where there is gold This phrase gives information about Havilah. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “There is gold in Havilah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 2 12 x7hc 0 There are also bdellium and the onyx stone The word “there” is placed first in the sentence for emphasis. Alternate translation: “This is also where people can find bdellium and onyx stones” -GEN 2 12 zst7 translate-unknown 0 bdellium This resin comes from a tree and smells nice. A resin is sticky stuff that comes out of some trees and can burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 2 12 eyf8 translate-unknown 0 the onyx stone “onyx stones.” Onyx is a certain kind of beautiful stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 2 13 tr82 translate-names 0 Gihon This is the only mention of this river in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 2 13 lzz9 0 flows throughout the whole land of Cush The river did not cover the whole land, but wound through various parts of the land. -GEN 2 13 hc9p 0 the whole land of Cush “the entire land called Cush” -GEN 2 14 trw5 figs-distinguish 0 which flows east of Ashur “which flows in the land east of the city of Ashur.” The Tigris River flows from north to south. The phrase “which flows east of Ashur” gives information about where the Tigris River is. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “It flows east of Ashur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 2 15 js9w 0 the garden of Eden “the garden that was in Eden” -GEN 2 15 e3ky 0 to work it “to cultivate it.” This means to do everything necessary so that the plants will grow well. -GEN 2 15 r7v3 0 to maintain it to guard against anything bad happening in it -GEN 2 16 c3wj 0 From every tree in the garden “The fruit of every tree in the garden” -GEN 2 16 b9cu figs-you 0 you This pronoun is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 2 16 e4ij 0 may freely eat “may eat without restriction” -GEN 2 17 ydc7 0 But from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you may not eat These words complete the command that begins with the words “From every tree in the garden you may freely eat” in verse 15. In some languages, it may be more natural to say what is not permitted and to then say what is permitted, as in the UST. -GEN 2 17 l1vi 0 the tree of the knowledge of good and evil “the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil” or “the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). -GEN 2 17 up23 0 you may not eat “I will not permit you to eat” or “you must not eat” -GEN 2 18 jeg8 0 I will make him a helper suitable for him “I will make a helper who is just right for him” -GEN 2 19 sb6j 0 every animal of the field and every bird of the sky The phrases “of the field” and “of the sky” tell where the animals and birds are usually found. Alternate translation: “all kinds of animals and birds” -GEN 2 20 f5az 0 all the livestock “all the animals that people look after” -GEN 2 20 l5uf figs-activepassive 0 there was found no helper suitable for him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there was no companion that was right for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 2 21 vnf4 0 caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man “caused the man to sleep intensely.” A deep sleep is a time of sleeping in which a person is not easily disturbed or wakened. -GEN 2 21 m6wd 0 flesh This refers to the soft parts of the body like skin and muscle. -GEN 2 22 i9u8 0 With the rib…he made a woman “From the rib…he formed a woman.” The rib was the material God made the woman from. -GEN 2 23 i7j8 0 This time, this one is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh “Finally, this one’s bones are like my bones, and her flesh is like my flesh.” After looking among all the animals for a partner and not finding one, he finally saw someone who was like him and could be his partner. The man was probably expressing his feeling of relief and joy. -GEN 2 23 s44p 0 She will be called ‘woman,’ because she was taken out of man The translator may want to write a footnote saying “The Hebrew word for ‘woman’ sounds like the Hebrew word for ‘man.’ -GEN 2 24 yx3u 0 General Information: What follows is written by the author. The man did not say these things. -GEN 2 24 v11k 0 Therefore a man “That is why a man” -GEN 2 24 ydt1 0 a man will leave his father and his mother “a man will stop living in his father and mother’s home.” This is about men in general. It does not refer to any particular man at any particular time. -GEN 2 24 tr8p figs-idiom 0 they will become one flesh This idiom speaks of sexual activity as though the bodies that are together become one body. Alternate translation: “their two bodies will become one body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 2 25 h8mq 0 They were both naked The word “they” refers to the man and the woman that God had created. -GEN 2 25 t8n2 0 naked “not wearing clothing” -GEN 2 25 ir9e 0 but were not ashamed “they were not ashamed about being naked” -GEN 3 intro j7i3 0 # Genesis 03 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the second creation account that began in Gen. 2:4. But a new section of this account begins in 3:1. The ULT reads, “Now the serpent was more shrewd than any other beast of the field which Yahweh God had made,” because this is how the Scriptures introduce the serpent into the account. However, many languages prefer different ways to introduce new characters or things into stories, for example, “One of the wild animals made by God was the serpent” or “This is about the serpent, one of the wild animals that God had made.”

Scholars typically refer to the events of this chapter as “the fall” or “the fall of man” because sin is introduced into creation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Curses

In this chapter, God curses the man, the woman, and the serpent for their sins. In general, cursing is calling down God’s punishment on someone or something. In this chapter, however, it is God himself who is doing the cursing. Of course, he does not call down punishment on the man, the woman, and the serpent from someone else. Instead, he is promising that he himself will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])

### Serpent
Most scholars believe that the serpent is Satan, even though his name is not used in this chapter. There are other places in Scripture where the serpent is used as an image for Satan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 3 1 m3hl 0 Now The writer is beginning a new part of the story. -GEN 3 1 v5dp 0 more shrewd “more cunning” or “smarter at getting what he wanted by telling lies” -GEN 3 1 bp3b figs-rquestion 0 Has God really said, ‘You…garden’? The snake is pretending to be surprised that God has made this rule. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that God said, ‘You…garden.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 3 1 t1qz figs-you 0 You must not eat The word “you” is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 3 2 k94l 0 We may eat “We are allowed to eat” or “We have permission to eat” -GEN 3 3 ujz2 0 but concerning the fruit…garden, God said, ‘You may not eat it, nor may you touch it, or you will die These words are the end of Eve’s description of God’s command to them that begins with the words “We may eat” in verse 2. Eve told the serpent what God had permitted them to do first and then what God had told them not to do. Some languages would say what they were told not to do first and then say what they were allowed to do, as in the UST. -GEN 3 3 b76r figs-you 0 You may not…nor may you…you will die The word “you” is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 3 3 n3h9 0 You may not eat it “You must not eat it” or “Do not eat it” -GEN 3 3 dhv7 0 nor may you touch it “and you must not touch it” or “and do not touch it” -GEN 3 4 fw9n figs-you 0 You will…not die These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 3 5 rvj9 figs-you 0 you…your…you These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 3 5 k8qs figs-idiom 0 your eyes will be opened “your eyes will open.” This idiom means “you will become aware of things” or “you will understand new things.” This meaning can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “It will be as though your eyes were opened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 3 5 kv6j figs-merism 0 knowing good and evil Here “good and evil” is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated “knowledge of good and evil” in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “knowing everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 3 6 n2vt 0 it was a delight to the eyes “the tree was delightful to look at” or “it was nice to look at” or “it was very beautiful” -GEN 3 6 sw6q 0 that the tree was desirable to make one wise “she wanted the tree’s fruit because it could make a person wise” or “she wanted its fruit because it could make her understand what was right and wrong just as God does” -GEN 3 7 yn1e 0 The eyes of both of them were opened “Then their eyes opened” or “They became aware” or “They understood.” See how you translated “your eyes will be opened” in [Genesis 3:5](../03/05.md). -GEN 3 7 jp6y 0 sewed put together, probably using vines as thread -GEN 3 7 y6l1 0 fig leaves If people do not know what fig leaves are like, this can be translated as “large leaves from a fig tree” or simply “large leaves.” -GEN 3 7 l856 figs-explicit 0 made coverings for themselves They did this because they were ashamed. This implicit information can be made explicit if needed as in the UST. Alternate translation: “clothed themselves with them because they were ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 3 8 llf2 0 in the cool of the day “at the time of day when a cool breeze blows” -GEN 3 8 gi6e 0 from the presence of Yahweh God “from Yahweh God’s sight” or “so that Yahweh God would not see them” or “from Yahweh God” -GEN 3 9 c8sg 0 Where are you? “Why are you trying to hide from me?” God knew where the man was. When the man answered, he did not say where he was but why he was hiding. -GEN 3 9 ijl7 figs-you 0 you In verses 9 and 11, God was speaking to the man. Languages that have a singular form of “you” would use that here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 3 10 b8tp 0 I heard you “I heard the sound you were making” -GEN 3 11 ujb1 figs-rquestion 0 Who told you God knew the answer to this question. He asked it in order to force Adam to confess that he had disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 3 11 hny5 figs-rquestion 0 Have you eaten…from? Again, God knew this had happened. Translate this question in a form that shows God was accusing Adam of disobedience. The sentence can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You must have eaten…from.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 3 13 fw79 figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done? God already knew what the woman had done. When he asked this question, he was giving her the opportunity to tell him about it, and he was expressing his disappointment with what she had done. Many languages use rhetorical questions for scolding or rebuking. If possible, use a form that expresses this disappointment. It can also be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 3 14 w3bn 0 cursed are you alone “you alone are cursed.” The word “curse” is first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between God’s blessing on the animals and this curse on the serpent. This is a “curse formula,” or the way that curses were expressed. By saying this curse, God made it happen. -GEN 3 14 x1b4 0 all the livestock and all the beasts of the field “all domestic animals and all wild animals” -GEN 3 14 yxn7 0 It is on your stomach that you will go “You will move along the ground on your stomach.” The words “it is upon your stomach” comes first to emphasize the contrast between the way other animals would move along using their legs and the way the serpent would slither along on its stomach. This is also part of the curse formula. -GEN 3 14 p527 0 it is dust that you will eat “you will eat dust.” The words “it is dust” comes first to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula. -GEN 3 15 gi4d 0 hostility between you and the woman This means that the serpent and the woman would become enemies. -GEN 3 15 p95z 0 seed The word “seed” refers to what a man puts into a woman to cause a baby to grow inside the woman. Like the word “offspring,” it can refer to more than one person. Try to find a word that is singular but can refer to more than one person. -GEN 3 15 iyz4 figs-pronouns 0 He will bruise…his heel The words “he” and “his” refer to the woman’s descendant. If “seed” was translated as plural, this can be translated as “they will bruise…their heel”; in this case, consider inserting footnotes to say that the “they” and “their” are used to translate a singular pronoun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) -GEN 3 15 k4z3 0 bruise “crush” or “strike” or “attack” -GEN 3 16 hk7l 0 I will greatly multiply your pain “I will make your pain increase much” or “I will make your pain to be very severe” -GEN 3 16 a74c 0 in having children “in giving birth to children” or “when you give birth to children” -GEN 3 16 rt5m 0 Your desire will be for your husband “You will have a strong desire for your husband.” Possible meanings are (1) “You will want very much to be with your husband” or (2) “You will want to control your husband” -GEN 3 16 mk2u 0 he will rule over you “he will be your master” or “he will control you” -GEN 3 17 vtq5 0 Adam The name Adam is the same as the Hebrew word for “man.” Some translations say “Adam” and some say “the man.” You may use either form as it refers to the same person. -GEN 3 17 f2pb figs-idiom 0 you have listened to the voice of your wife This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you have obeyed what your wife said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 3 17 jl8p figs-explicit 0 have eaten from the tree You can say what it was that they ate. Alternate translation: “have eaten the fruit of the tree” or “have eaten some of the fruit of the tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 3 17 fhp5 0 You may not eat from it “You must not eat from it” or “Do not eat its fruit” -GEN 3 17 rlw9 figs-activepassive 0 cursed is the ground The word “curse” comes first in the sentence to emphasize that the ground, which had been “good” ([Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md)), was now under God’s curse. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am cursing the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 3 17 zjr5 0 through painful work “by doing hard work” -GEN 3 17 dg63 figs-metonymy 0 you will eat from it The word “it” refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. Alternate translation: “you will eat what grows from it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 3 18 zc9v 0 the plants of the field Possible meanings are (1) “the plants that you take care of in your fields” or (2) “the wild plants that grow in the open fields.” -GEN 3 19 kc7j 0 By the sweat of your face “By doing hard work that makes your face sweat” -GEN 3 19 pl6i figs-synecdoche 0 you will eat bread Here the word “bread” is a synecdoche for food in general. Alternate translation: “you will eat food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 3 19 z9pa 0 until you return to the ground “until you die and your body is put in the ground.” In some cultures, they put the bodies of people who have died in a hole in the ground. Man’s hard work does not end until the time of his death and burial. -GEN 3 19 hc39 0 For dust you are, and to dust you will return “I made you from soil, so your body will become soil again.” Translate both occurrences of “dust” with the same word in order to show that man begins and ends in the same condition. -GEN 3 20 lzl1 0 The man Some translations say “Adam.” -GEN 3 20 qic8 0 called his wife’s name Eve “gave his wife the name Eve” or “named his wife Eve” -GEN 3 20 pn1z 0 Eve Translators may write a footnote saying “The name Eve sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘living.’” -GEN 3 20 wq8p figs-nominaladj 0 all the living The word “living” refers to people. Alternate translation: “all people” or “all living people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 3 21 an9a 0 garments of skins “clothing made out of animal skins” -GEN 3 22 ve6w 0 the man Possible meanings are (1) God was referring to one human, the man, or (2) God was referring to humans in general, so this would mean the man and his wife. Even if God was speaking about one person, what he said applied to both of them. -GEN 3 22 gnj9 0 like one of us “like us.” The pronoun “us” is plural. See how you translated “Let us make” in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). -GEN 3 22 x7q6 figs-merism 0 knowing good and evil Here “good and evil” is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated “knowledge of good and evil” in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “knowing everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 3 22 vz41 figs-activepassive 0 he must not be allowed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will not allow him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 3 22 qxt1 0 tree of life “the tree that gives people life.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). -GEN 3 23 t7zb 0 the ground from which he had been taken “dirt because he had been taken from dirt.” This does not refer to the particular place on the land that the God took man from. -GEN 3 23 dri1 0 to cultivate This means to what is needed so that plants grow well. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). -GEN 3 24 lwk4 0 So God drove the man out of the garden “God forced the man to leave the garden.” This refers to the event in [Genesis 3:23](../03/23.md), where it says “Yahweh God sent him out of the garden of Eden.” God did not send the man out a second time. -GEN 3 24 jgc5 0 in order to guard the way to the tree of life “in order to stop people from going to the tree of life” -GEN 3 24 uuj7 0 flaming sword Possible meanings are (1) a sword that had flames coming from it or (2) a fire that was shaped like a sword. Languages that do not have swords could use another weapon such as a spear or arrow. -GEN 4 intro a2f7 0 # Genesis 04 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Most of the text in this chapter is prose, but 4:23-24 is poetry. If the translator should put these two verses into poetic form, or at least into elegant speech, different from the rest of the chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Vengeance

The theme of vengeance is important in this chapter. Ancient Hebrew society allowed for people to seek revenge if a relative was murdered. After Cain murdered his brother Abel, he thought that he would be helpless against this danger because he had been driven away from God’s protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])

The theme of vengeance continues with the words of Lamech, who had killed someone for injuring him:
“I have killed a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me. If Cain is avenged seven times as much, truly Lamech will be avenged seventy-seven times as much” (Gen. 4:23b-24). -GEN 4 1 eg45 figs-euphemism 0 The man knew Eve This is a polite way of saying that the man had sexual relations with Eve. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 4 1 vph2 0 The man “the human being” or “Adam” -GEN 4 1 l6v2 0 I have produced a man The word for “man” typically describes an adult male, rather than a baby or child. If that would cause confusion, it could be translated as “manchild” or “boy” or “baby boy” or “son.” -GEN 4 1 g2tx figs-explicit 0 Cain Translators may want to include a footnote that says “The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘produce.’ Eve named him Cain because she produced him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 2 hv71 0 Then she gave birth We do not know how much time passed between the births of Cain and Abel. They may have been twins, or Abel may have been born after Eve became pregnant again. If possible, use an expression that does not tell how much time passed. -GEN 4 2 bpy1 0 cultivated This means he did everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well. See how “cultivate” is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). -GEN 4 3 x19b 0 It came about that This phrase is used to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using that method here. -GEN 4 3 pvj2 0 in the course of time Possible meanings are (1) “after some time had passed” or (2) “at the right time” -GEN 4 3 ph1l figs-explicit 0 fruit of the ground This refers to the food that came from plants he had tended. Alternate translation: “crops” or “harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 4 zq2f figs-explicit 0 some of the fat This refers to the fatty parts of the lambs that he had killed, it was the best part of the animal. Alternate translation: “some of their fat parts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 4 mi4f 0 accepted “looked favorably upon” or “was pleased with” -GEN 4 5 rcs4 0 did not accept “did not look favorably upon” or “was not pleased with” -GEN 4 5 dyg6 0 was very angry Some languages have an idiom for anger such as “He burned” or “His anger burned.” -GEN 4 5 bwt7 figs-idiom 0 he scowled This means that the expression on his face showed that he was angry or jealous. Some languages have an idiom that describes what a person’s face looks like when he is angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 4 6 pu1k figs-rquestion 0 Why are you angry and why are you scowling? God used these rhetorical questions to tell Cain that he was wrong to be angry and scowl. They may also have been intended to give Cain an opportunity to confess that he was wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 4 7 ln9v figs-rquestion 0 If you…will you not be accepted? God used this rhetorical question to remind Cain of something Cain should have already known. Alternate translation: “You know that if you do what is right, I will accept you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 4 7 j7ks figs-personification 0 But if you do not…you must rule over it God speaks of sin as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “But if you do not do what is right, you will desire to sin even more, and then you will do sinful things. You must refuse to obey it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 4 7 eqb2 figs-metaphor 0 sin crouches…to control you Here sin is spoken of as a dangerous wild animal that is waiting for the chance to attack Cain. Alternate translation: “you will become so angry that you will not be able to stop sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 4 7 x8lx 0 sin Languages that do not have a noun that means “sin” could translate this as “your desire to sin” or “the bad things you want to do.” -GEN 4 7 s7tk figs-personification 0 you must rule over it Yahweh speaks of Cain’s desire to sin as if it were a person over whom Cain should rule. Alternate translation: “you must control it so you do not sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 4 8 n4x9 translate-textvariants 0 Cain spoke to Abel his brother. Some early translations tell explicitly what Cain said to his brother. You may want to do the same if it is present in your national version. Alternate translation: “Cain said to Abel his brother, ‘Let us go into the fields.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 8 h58l figs-explicit 0 brother Abel was Cain’s younger brother. Some languages may need to use the word for “younger brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 8 znp9 figs-idiom 0 rose up against Standing up to fight against a person is an idiom for attacking him. Alternate translation: “attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 4 9 rc6x figs-rquestion 0 Where is Abel your brother God knew that Cain had killed Abel, but he asked Cain this question so that Cain would have to answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 4 9 r4il figs-rquestion 0 Am I my brother’s keeper? Cain used this rhetorical question so that he would not have to tell the truth. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not my brother’s keeper!” or “You know that taking care of my brother is not my job!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 4 10 fs9s figs-rquestion 0 What have you done? God uses a rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have done is terrible!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 4 10 epa5 figs-metonymy 0 Your brother’s blood is calling out to me Abel’s blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. Alternate translation: “Your brother’s blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 4 11 xi71 figs-activepassive 0 Now cursed are you from the ground This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am cursing you so that you will not be able to grow food from the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 4 11 p2h4 figs-personification 0 which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink Abel’s blood. Alternate translation: “which is soaked with your brother’s blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 4 11 n89j figs-synecdoche 0 from your hand Here Cain is represented by his “hand,” to emphasize that he personally had killed his brother. Alternate translation: “that spilled when you killed him” or “from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 4 12 s7z7 0 cultivate This means to do everything necessary to do so that the plants would grow well. See how “cultivate” is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). -GEN 4 12 t858 figs-personification 0 it will not yield to you its strength The ground is personified as if it were a person who loses strength. Alternate translation: “the ground will not produce much food for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 4 12 vn98 figs-hendiadys 0 A fugitive and a wanderer You can join these words together. Alternate translation: “A homeless wanderer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) -GEN 4 14 e7mj figs-idiom 0 I will be hidden from your face The term “your face” represents God’s presence. Alternate translation: “I will not be able to speak to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 4 14 qwi8 0 a fugitive and a wanderer See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:12](../04/12.md) -GEN 4 15 zay8 figs-activepassive 0 vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will take vengeance on him seven times” or “I will punish that person seven times as severely as I am punishing you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 4 15 y97q 0 would not attack him “would not kill Cain” -GEN 4 16 f6yy figs-idiom 0 went out from the presence of Yahweh Even though Yahweh is everywhere, this idiom speaks of Cain as though he went far away. Alternate translation: “went away from where Yahweh spoke to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 4 16 rx4d 0 Nod Translators may add a footnote saying “The word Nod means ‘wandering.’” -GEN 4 17 s2i7 figs-euphemism 0 Cain knew his wife This is a polite way of saying that Cain had sexual relations with his wife. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 4 17 bf1z 0 He built a city “Cain built a city” -GEN 4 18 n5ni figs-explicit 0 To Enoch was born Irad It is implied that Enoch grew up and married a woman. Alternate translation: “Enoch grew up and married and became the father of a son whom he named Irad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 18 l1gq translate-names 0 Irad This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 4 19 bm1j translate-names 0 Adah…Zillah women’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 4 20 urt3 0 Adah See how you translated this woman’s name in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). -GEN 4 20 ll8c 0 He was the father of those who lived in tents Possible meanings are (1) “He was the first person to live in a tent” or (2) “He and his descendants lived in tents.” -GEN 4 20 fpv4 0 who lived in tents who have livestock people who both live in tents and also take care of animals -GEN 4 21 fv9d 0 He was the father of those who play the harp and pipe Possible meanings are (1) “He was the first person to play the harp and pipe” or (2) “He and his descendants played the harp and pipe.” -GEN 4 22 m5qg 0 Zillah See how you translated this woman’s name in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). -GEN 4 22 n1k8 translate-names 0 Tubal-Cain the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 4 22 c64b 0 the forger of tools of bronze and iron “who made tools out of bronze and iron” -GEN 4 22 k7q7 0 iron a very strong metal used to make tools and weapons. -GEN 4 23 p6mu 0 Adah…Zillah See how you translated these women’s names in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). -GEN 4 23 f7di figs-parallelism 0 listen to my voice…listen to what I say Lamech said the same thing twice for emphasis. His voice is a synecdoche for his whole person. Alternate translation: “listen carefully to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 4 23 pa9h figs-parallelism 0 a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me Lamech killed only one person. These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize the certainty of his action. Alternate translation: “a young man because he hurt me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 4 24 reh3 figs-activepassive 0 If Cain is avenged seven times, then Lamech Lamech knows that God will avenge Cain seven times. Alternate translation: “Since God will punish anyone who kills Cain seven times, Lamech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 4 24 w88s figs-activepassive 0 then Lamech will be avenged seventy-seven times This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whoever kills me, God will punish seventy-seven times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 4 24 mz2s translate-numbers 0 seventy-seven 77 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 4 25 g5y9 figs-euphemism 0 Adam knew his wife This is a polite way of saying that Adam had sexual relations with his wife. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 4 25 y7i8 figs-explicit 0 said, “God has given me another son This is the reason that she named him Seth. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “explained, ‘God has given me another child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 25 t9w6 translate-names 0 Seth Translators may add a footnote that says “This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘has given.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 4 26 aua4 figs-explicit 0 A son was born to Seth This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Seth’s wife bore him a son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 4 26 i4rs figs-explicit 0 to call on the name of Yahweh This is the first time people called God by the name Yahweh. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “to worship God by using the name Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 5 intro v62r 0 # Genesis 05 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter provides the first of many lists of descendants in the Bible. This is not a simple list, because the author makes comments about each person. Translators should format this text in the way that is clearest in the project language. Many may choose to introduce each new person in a separate paragraph, as the ULT and UST do. -GEN 5 1 wj9n 0 General Information: This is the beginning of the list of Adam’s descendants. -GEN 5 1 qwp1 figs-pronouns 0 in his own likeness This phrase means that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. See how “after our likeness” is translated in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). Alternate translation: “to truly be like us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) -GEN 5 2 j6nz figs-activepassive 0 when they were created This can be made active. Alternate translation: “when he created them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 5 3 zcj2 translate-numbers 0 130 Translators may write the words “one hundred thirty.” (The ULT and the UST use numerals if the number has three or more words; they use words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 3 a62w 0 he became the father of a son “he had a son” -GEN 5 3 al1g 0 in his own likeness, after his image These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used as a reminder that God made man in his own image. See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). -GEN 5 3 t33a 0 Seth See how you translated this name in [Genesis 4:25](../04/25.md). -GEN 5 4 k8qg translate-numbers 0 eight hundred Translators may write the numerals “800.” (The ULT and the UST use numerals if the number has three or more words; they use words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 4 y8af 0 He became the father of more sons and daughters “He had more sons and daughters” -GEN 5 5 j99s 0 then he died This phrase will be repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for “died.” -GEN 5 5 tw8v translate-numbers 0 Adam lived 930 years “Adam lived nine hundred and thirty years.” People used to live a very long time. Use your ordinary word for “years.” Alternate translation: “Adam lived a total of 930 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 6 r7dg translate-numbers 0 105 years “one hundred and five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 6 lqy1 0 he became the father of Enosh Here “father” means his actual father, not his grandfather. Alternate translation: “he had his son Enosh” -GEN 5 6 ek6r translate-names 0 Enosh This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 5 7 t48l translate-numbers 0 807 years “eight hundred and seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 7 g73m 0 and became the father of more sons and daughters “and had more sons and daughters” -GEN 5 8 sh2z translate-numbers 0 Seth lived 912 years “Seth lived nine hundred and twelve years.” Seth lived a total of 912 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 8 wqz6 0 then he died This phrase is repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for “died.” -GEN 5 9 qbk4 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 9 es59 translate-numbers 0 ninety years “90 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 10 q4y5 translate-numbers 0 815 years “eight hundred and fifteen years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 11 kjj5 translate-numbers 0 905 years “nine hundred and give years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 12 s2nr translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 12 xpk5 translate-numbers 0 seventy years “70 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 13 n3df translate-numbers 0 840 years “eight hundred and forty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 14 k461 translate-numbers 0 910 years “nine hundred and ten years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 15 bi8l translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 18 hfg3 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 21 i3dx 0 he became the father of Methuselah “he had his son Methuselah” -GEN 5 21 se6e translate-names 0 Methuselah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 5 22 w9tp figs-metaphor 0 Enoch walked with God To walk with someone is a metaphor for being in a close relationship with him. Alternate translation: “Enoch had a close relationship with God” or “Enoch lived in union with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 5 22 bmi4 0 He became the father of more sons and daughters “He had more sons and daughters” -GEN 5 23 rs6f translate-numbers 0 Enoch lived 365 years “Enoch lived three hundred and sixty-five years.” Enoch lived a total of 365 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 24 nyq3 0 then he was gone The word “he” refers to Enoch. He was no longer on earth. -GEN 5 24 lhk8 0 for God took him This means that God took Enoch to be with himself (God). -GEN 5 25 y9rj translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 25 nk49 0 Lamech This Lamech is different from the Lamech in [Genesis 4:18](../04/18.md). -GEN 5 28 ljh7 translate-numbers 0 182 years “one hundred and eighty-two years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 28 u994 0 became the father of a son “had a son” -GEN 5 29 fk97 translate-names 0 Noah Translators may want to add a footnote that says: “This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘rest.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 5 29 lr8d figs-doublet 0 from our work and from the painful labor of our hands Lamech says the same thing twice to emphasize how hard the work was. Alternate translation: “from working so hard with our hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 5 30 ah2j translate-numbers 0 595 years “five hundred and ninety-five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 31 kv28 translate-numbers 0 Lamech lived 777 years “Lamech lived seven hundred seventy-seven years.” Lamech lived a total of 777 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 5 32 z148 0 he became the father of “he had his sons.” This does not tell us whether the sons were born on the same day or in different years. -GEN 5 32 n65e 0 Shem, Ham, and Japheth These sons may not be listed in the order of their birth. There is disagreement about which one was the oldest. Avoid translating this in a way that implies that the list is in the order of their ages. -GEN 6 intro ak78 0 # Genesis 06 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Beginning in 6:22, the author gives statements summarizing events he tells about again in the text that follows. In the next chapter, the author sometimes gives summary statements that introduce events for the first time. If these statements, and the surrounding events, are not carefully translated, readers can believe that the same events happened twice or three times instead of only one time. Translators should be careful not to give this impression. -GEN 6 1 x6gk 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 6 1 dj4v figs-activepassive 0 daughters were born to them This can be active. Alternate translation: “the women bore daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 6 2 l1va 0 sons of God Translators could add a footnote saying: “It is not clear whether this refers to heavenly beings or human beings. In either case, they were beings that God created.” Some believe these words refer to angels who rebelled against God, that is, evil spirits or demons. Others think this may refer to powerful political rulers, and others think this may refer to the descendants of Seth. -GEN 6 3 lz4s 0 My spirit Here Yahweh is talking about himself and his spirit, which is the Spirit of God. -GEN 6 3 et8s 0 flesh This means that they have physical bodies that will one day die. -GEN 6 3 pvv2 translate-numbers 0 They will live 120 years “They will live one hundred and twenty years.” Possible meanings are (1) the normal lifespan of people would decrease to 120 years. Alternate translation: “They will not live more than 120 years” or (2) in 120 years everyone would die. Alternate translation: “They will live only 120 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 6 4 e44a 0 Giants very tall, large people -GEN 6 4 ih17 0 This happened when “The giants were born because” -GEN 6 4 et78 0 sons of God See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:2](../06/02.md). -GEN 6 4 slb2 0 These were the mighty men of old “These giants were the mighty men who lived long ago” or “These children grew to become the powerful fighters who lived long ago” -GEN 6 4 sk1e 0 mighty men men who are courageous and victorious in battle -GEN 6 4 u34f 0 men of renown “famous men” -GEN 6 5 q6rz 0 every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts “everything their hearts wanted to think about” -GEN 6 5 id88 figs-metonymy 0 the thoughts of their hearts The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that thinks. Your language may use a word other than “heart” to talk about the part of people that thinks. Alternate translation: “their inner, secret thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 6 6 mr7b figs-metonymy 0 it grieved him to his heart The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that feels sadness. Your language may use a word other than “heart” to talk about the emotions. Alternate translation: “he was very, very sad about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 6 7 tk23 figs-metaphor 0 I will wipe away mankind…from the surface of the earth The writer speaks of God killing people as if God were wiping dirt off a flat surface. Alternate translation: “I will destroy mankind…so that there will not be any people on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 6 7 if98 figs-distinguish 0 I will wipe away mankind whom I have created Some languages would need to translate this as two sentences. Alternate translation: “I created mankind. I will wipe them away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 6 7 ss97 0 wipe away “completely destroy.” Here “wipe away” is used in a negative sense, for God is talking about destroying the people because of their sin. -GEN 6 8 sc4m figs-idiom 0 Noah found favor in the eyes of Yahweh The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “Yahweh looked favorably on Noah” or “Yahweh was pleased with Noah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 6 9 y7rc 0 General Information: This begins the story of Noah, which continues into chapter 9. -GEN 6 9 nwq5 0 These were the events concerning Noah “This is the account of Noah” -GEN 6 9 eh9u 0 walked with God See how you translated this in [Genesis 5:21](../05/21.md). -GEN 6 10 sf7p 0 Noah became the father of three sons “Noah had three sons” or “Noah’s wife had three sons” -GEN 6 10 kk5r 0 Shem, Ham, and Japheth Translators may add the following footnote: “The sons are not listed in the order in which they were born.” -GEN 6 11 ym2f figs-metonymy 0 The earth Possible meanings are (1) the people who lived on the earth or (2) “The earth itself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 6 11 cmt9 figs-metaphor 0 was corrupt The people doing what is evil is spoken of as if they were food that has become rotten. Alternate translation: “was rotten” or “was completely evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 6 11 uj42 0 before God Possible meanings are (1) “in God’s sight” or (2) “in the presence of Yahweh” as in [Genesis 4:16](../04/16.md). -GEN 6 11 taq9 figs-metaphor 0 and it was filled with violence The writer speaks of violence as if it were something that could be put into a container and of the earth as a container. Alternate translation: “and there were very many violent people on the earth” or “because it was full of people who did evil things to each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 6 12 j3ek 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 6 12 ut53 figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 6 12 ds5x figs-metaphor 0 had corrupted their way How a person behaves is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Alternate translation: “had stopped living the way God wanted” or “had behaved in an evil way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 6 13 qem8 0 all flesh See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). -GEN 6 13 hw2i 0 the earth is filled with violence through them “people everywhere on earth are violent” -GEN 6 13 tw4l 0 I will destroy them with the earth “I will destroy both them and the earth” or “I will destroy them when I destroy the earth” -GEN 6 14 c3m5 0 an ark This refers to a very large box that would be able to float on water even in a very bad storm. “a large boat” or “a ship” or “a barge” -GEN 6 14 m88q 0 cypress wood People do not know exactly what kind of tree this was. “wood used for building boats” or “good wood” -GEN 6 14 a94b figs-explicit 0 cover it with pitch The reason for doing this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “spread pitch on it” or “paint tar on it” or “cover it with pitch to make it waterproof” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 6 14 ryf4 0 pitch This is a thick, sticky or oily liquid that people put on the outside of a boat to stop water from going through gaps in the wood into the boat. -GEN 6 15 cz5l translate-bdistance 0 cubits A cubit was a unit of measure, a little less than half a meter long. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) -GEN 6 15 xri9 translate-bdistance 0 three hundred cubits “138 meters.” You may use the Hebrew measuring units from the ULT or the metric units from the UST or your own culture’s units if you know how they compare to the metric units. You may also write a footnote that says: “Three hundred cubits is about 138 meters.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) -GEN 6 15 y496 translate-bdistance 0 fifty cubits “twenty-three meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) -GEN 6 15 u2h3 translate-bdistance 0 thirty cubits “fourteen meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) -GEN 6 16 bv39 0 a roof for the ark This was probably a peaked or slanted roof. Its purpose was to protect everything in the ark from the rain. -GEN 6 16 se34 translate-bdistance 0 cubit A cubit was a little less than half a meter long. See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:15](../06/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) -GEN 6 16 ml4z 0 a lower, a second, and a third deck “a lower deck, a middle deck, and an upper deck” or “three decks inside” -GEN 6 16 gl2q 0 deck “floor” or “level” -GEN 6 17 f72f 0 Listen God said this in order to emphasize that he would do what he was about to say. “Pay attention” or “Listen to what I am saying” -GEN 6 17 b6s7 figs-go 0 I am about to bring the flood of waters In some languages it may b e better to say “to send” instead of “to bring. It is also possible to avoid the direction and say “to cause.” Alternate translation: “I am about to send a flood of waters” or “I am about to cause a flood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 6 17 h8ev figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Here “flesh” represents all physical beings, including humans and animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 6 17 jv7g figs-metonymy 0 that has in it the breath of life Here “breath” represents life. Alternate translation: “that lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 6 18 ycd4 0 establish my covenant with you “make a covenant between you and me” -GEN 6 18 uqa9 0 with you with Noah -GEN 6 18 c9jq 0 You will come into the ark “You will enter the ark.” Some translations say “You will go into the ark.” -GEN 6 19 gs78 0 Of every living creature of all flesh, two of every kind you must bring into the ark “You must bring into the ark two of every kind of living creature” -GEN 6 19 x8zw 0 creature an animal God created -GEN 6 19 v6ar 0 all flesh See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). -GEN 6 20 v1mj 0 after their kind “of each different kind” -GEN 6 20 ua1j 0 creeping thing of the ground This refers to small animals that move on the ground . -GEN 6 20 b3i9 0 two of every sort This refers to two of every kind of bird and animal. -GEN 6 20 f2s1 figs-you 0 to you This refers to Noah and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 6 20 msl4 0 to keep them alive “so you can keep them alive” -GEN 6 21 w126 figs-you 0 yourself…you These refer to Noah and are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 6 21 bbh4 0 food that is eaten “food that people and animals eat” -GEN 6 22 df5r figs-parallelism 0 So Noah did this. According to all that God commanded him, so he did These two sentences mean the same thing. The second sentence explains the first and emphasizes that Noah obeyed God. These parallel sentences can be combined into one. Alternate translation: “So Noah did everything that God commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 7 intro n23k 0 # Genesis 07 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

In this chapter, the author continues his pattern of statements that summarize events already described, and of repeating events that have already happened. Again, careful translation is necessary so that readers do not think that the same events happened more than one time in the story. Special attention in this regard should be given to 7:5,10,13, and 17.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Clean animals and birds

Noah sacrificed to Yahweh some of the “clean” animals and birds that he had with him (8:20). These were animals and birds that the Hebrew people would later consider to be fit to eat and to sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])

### Water underneath and over the earth

The flood is presented as occurring because of rain pouring out of the sky and because of seawater rising from under the earth. This is because the ancient Hebrews pictured the earth as resting on top of the sea. They also pictured the sky as containing water above the earth that poured down through windows in the sky when God allowed it to rain. Translators should not try to change this picture in order to suit what readers believe about the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -GEN 7 1 n13c 0 General Information: The events in this chapter take place after Noah built the ark, gathered the food, and put it in the ark. -GEN 7 1 iml7 figs-go 0 Come…into the ark “Enter…into the ark.” Many translations read “Go…into the ark.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 7 1 lh4z figs-you 0 you The word “you” refers to Noah and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 7 1 jtj5 0 your household “your family” -GEN 7 1 d59a 0 righteous before me This means that God saw Noah as righteous. -GEN 7 1 c6rt 0 in this generation This refers to all the people who were living at that time. Alternate translation: “among all the people who are now living” -GEN 7 2 qv8l figs-go 0 you will bring “take.” Many translations read “you will take.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 7 2 j5le 0 clean animal This was an animal that God allowed his people to eat and to sacrifice. -GEN 7 2 js39 0 animals that are not clean These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to sacrifice. -GEN 7 3 t2rp 0 to preserve their offspring “so that they will have offspring that will live” or “so that, after the flood, animals will continue to live” -GEN 7 4 v9e3 0 forty days and forty nights This was a full forty days. It was not a total of eighty days. Alternate translation: “forty days and nights” -GEN 7 4 ss6k 0 living This refers to physical life. -GEN 7 6 a3lu 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 6 y68j 0 came upon the earth “happened” or “came on the earth” -GEN 7 7 jew8 0 because of the waters of the flood “because of the flood that would come” or “to escape the flood water” -GEN 7 8 z9t2 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 8 u2ij 0 clean animals These were animals that God allowed people to eat and to give to him as sacrifices. -GEN 7 8 er9l 0 unclean animals These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to give to him as sacrifices. -GEN 7 9 ib15 0 two by two The animals entered the boat in pairs of one male and one female. -GEN 7 10 z7w9 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story: the start of the flood. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 7 10 kkc2 0 after the seven days “after seven days” or “seven days later” -GEN 7 10 uy9m figs-explicit 0 the waters of the flood came upon the earth The implicit information, “it started to rain” can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “it started to rain and the waters of the flood came upon the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 7 11 gsi1 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 11 ybc8 translate-ordinal 0 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life “When Noah was 600 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 7 11 wi34 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month Since Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the second month of the Hebrew calendar. But this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 7 11 m7m8 0 on the same day This refers to the specific day when the rain began. This phrase emphasizes how all of these major events happened quickly when the time arrived. -GEN 7 11 tw87 0 the fountains of the great deep burst open “water from under the earth rushed up to the earth’s surface” -GEN 7 11 nsh5 0 the great deep This refers to the sea that was thought to be under the earth. -GEN 7 11 qtm7 0 the windows of heaven were opened This refers to rain. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were opened, the water came down through them. Alternate translation: “the sky opened” or “the doors in the sky opened” -GEN 7 12 ri9c 0 rain If your language has a word for a great amount of rain, it would be appropriate here. -GEN 7 13 dh5z 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 13 yp26 0 On that very same day “On that exact day.” This refers to the day that the rain started. Verses 13-16 tell what Noah did immediately before the rain began. -GEN 7 14 l52z 0 wild animal…livestock…creeping thing…bird These four groups are listed to show that every kind of animal was included. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:24](../01/24.md). -GEN 7 14 ayv5 0 creeping thing This refers to animals that crawl on the ground, like rodents, insects, lizards, and snakes. -GEN 7 14 v2bb 0 according to its kind “so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:24](../01/24.md). -GEN 7 15 i5qf 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 15 pbr7 figs-metonymy 0 Two of all flesh Here “flesh” represents animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 7 15 d2w3 figs-metonymy 0 in which was the breath of life Here “breath” represents life. Alternate translation: “that lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 7 15 lgu4 figs-go 0 came to Noah The word “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 7 15 uni5 figs-synecdoche 0 of all flesh Here “flesh” represents animals. Alternate translation: “of every kind of animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 7 16 j6fz figs-explicit 0 after them The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “after they entered the ark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 7 17 ea6p 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. -GEN 7 17 b3ji 0 the water increased “the water became very deep.” This happened during the forty days while the water kept coming. -GEN 7 17 ww1c 0 lifted the ark “it caused the ark to float” -GEN 7 17 n9ke 0 raised it above the earth “causes the ark to rise up high over the ground” or “he ark floated on top of the deep water” -GEN 7 19 j266 0 The waters rose greatly on the earth “The water totally overwhelmed the earth” -GEN 7 20 k8t7 0 fifteen cubits “six meters.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:15](../06/15.md). -GEN 7 21 x8dz 0 moved upon “moved about” or “roamed” -GEN 7 21 hq98 0 all the living creatures that lived in great numbers upon the earth This refers to all the animals that move around on the ground in large groups. -GEN 7 22 wlj2 figs-synecdoche 0 who breathed the breath of life through their noses Here “noses” represent the whole animal or human. Alternate translation: “everyone that breathed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 7 22 cdp8 figs-metonymy 0 the breath of life The words “breath” and “life” represent the power that causes people and animals to be alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 7 23 ki1a figs-activepassive 0 So every living thing…was wiped out If necessary, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So every living thing…perished” or “So the flood completely destroyed every living thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 7 23 wvw2 figs-activepassive 0 They were all destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God destroyed them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 7 23 pnx5 0 from the earth “so they were no longer on the earth” -GEN 7 23 drq1 0 those with him “the people and animals that were with him” -GEN 7 23 g46l 0 were left “remained” or “lived” or “remained alive” -GEN 8 intro z61w 0 # Genesis 08 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:22, which is part of what Yahweh was telling Noah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Flood waters
The waters receded after this great flood. Because there was so much water, and it came from God, it is described in a unique way.

### The mountains of Ararat
It is unclear where Ararat was located. Many people believe it is located in the modern country of Turkey. -GEN 8 1 vs3j 0 considered Noah “remembered Noah” or “decided to help Noah” -GEN 8 1 xtv9 0 ark This refers to a very large box that would be able to float on water even in a very bad storm. See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:14](../06/14.md). Alternate translation: “a large boat” or “a ship” or “a barge” -GEN 8 2 zi8q figs-activepassive 0 The fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven were closed “The water stopped coming out of the ground and the rain stopped falling.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God closed the fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 8 2 p1zi 0 fountains of the deep “water from under the earth.” See how this is translated in [Genesis 7:11](../07/11.md). -GEN 8 2 dh7e 0 the windows of heaven were closed This refers to the rain stopping. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were closed, the water stopped coming through them. See how “the windows of heaven” is translated in [Genesis 7:11](../07/11.md). Alternate translation: “the sky closed” or “the doors in the sky closed” -GEN 8 4 te6b 0 came to rest “landed” or “stopped on solid ground” -GEN 8 4 fi75 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 8 5 gf1v translate-hebrewmonths 0 tenth month Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 8 5 l1gg 0 On the first day of the month “On the first day of the tenth month” -GEN 8 5 yhx2 figs-explicit 0 appeared This can be made more explicit: “appeared above the surface of the water.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 8 6 lmm4 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “It happened that” -GEN 8 6 k8bq figs-distinguish 0 It came about…the window of the ark which he had made The phrase “which he had made” tells about the window. Some languages may need to make this phrase a separate sentence: “Noah had made a window in the boat. It came about after forty days that he opened the window” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 8 7 rm8x 0 raven a black bird that eats mainly the flesh of dead animals -GEN 8 7 s2vc 0 it flew back and forth This means that the raven kept leaving the boat and returning. -GEN 8 7 dn2u figs-activepassive 0 until the waters were dried up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the wind dried up the waters” or “until the waters dried up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 8 8 f1ln 0 he sent out a dove If you use masculine pronouns for the word “dove,” you may need to insert Noah’s name here to avoid confusion: “Noah sent out a dove.” -GEN 8 9 r2x5 0 to rest her foot “to land” or “to perch.” It means to land on something in order to rest from flying. -GEN 8 9 clq5 0 her foot…she returned…and brought her The word “dove” is feminine in the author’s language. You could translate these phrases with the pronouns “its…it…it” or “his…he…him,” depending on how your language refers to a dove. -GEN 8 9 rst8 0 he…him If you use masculine pronouns for the word “dove,” you may need to insert Noah’s name here to avoid confusion: “Noah sent out a dove,” “Noah stretched forth his hand,” etc. -GEN 8 10 p48z 0 He waited another seven days “He again waited for seven days” -GEN 8 11 hjg1 0 Look “Pay attention” or “This is important” -GEN 8 11 mc6s 0 a freshly plucked olive leaf “a leaf that she had just plucked from an olive tree” -GEN 8 11 nbw2 0 plucked “broken off” -GEN 8 12 x79p figs-explicit 0 She did not return again to him If people would not understand, you could state the reason explicitly: “She did not return again to him because she found a place to land.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 8 13 ejr2 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 8 13 nhb3 translate-ordinal 0 in the six hundred and first year “when Noah was 601 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 8 13 k4h8 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first month, on the first day of the month Since Moses wrote this book it is possible he is referring to the first month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 8 13 dvf1 figs-activepassive 0 the waters were dried up from off the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the waters covering the earth dried up” or “the wind dried up the waters covering the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 8 13 uyy6 0 the covering of the ark This refers to a cover that kept the rain water from going into the ark. -GEN 8 13 l4nx 0 behold The word “behold” tells us to pay attention to the important information that comes next. -GEN 8 14 afz6 translate-hebrewmonths 0 In the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month “On the twenty seventh day of the second month.” This may refer to the second month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 8 14 tn29 0 the earth was dry “the ground was completely dry” -GEN 8 16 k1zj figs-go 0 Go out of “Leave.” Some translations read “Come out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 8 17 y1p1 figs-go 0 Take out “Take.” Some translations read “Bring out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 8 17 cg9q 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living creature.” See how “all flesh” is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). -GEN 8 17 bv2p figs-doublet 0 be fruitful and multiply This is an idiom. See how this is translated in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). God wanted the humans and animals to reproduce, so there would be many of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 8 18 e5a9 figs-go 0 Noah went out Some translations read “Noah came out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 8 19 g5xb 0 according to their families “in groups of their own kinds” -GEN 8 20 wu8x 0 built an altar to Yahweh “built an altar dedicated to Yahweh” or “built an altar for worshiping Yahweh.” He may have built it with stones. -GEN 8 20 y625 0 clean animals…clean birds Here “clean” means that God allowed these animals to be used in sacrifice. Some animals were not used for sacrifices and were called “unclean.” -GEN 8 20 t66t 0 offered burnt offerings Noah killed the animals and then completely burned them up as an offering to God. Alternate translation: “burned the animals as offerings to Yahweh” -GEN 8 21 z8wm 0 pleasing aroma This refers to the good smell of the roasted meat. -GEN 8 21 v91q 0 said in his heart Here the word “heart” refers to God’s thoughts and emotions. -GEN 8 21 li87 0 curse the ground “do very serious harm to the earth” -GEN 8 21 t7q2 figs-explicit 0 because of mankind This can be made more explicit: “because mankind is sinful.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 8 21 k2f9 0 the intentions of their hearts is evil from childhood “from their earliest years they tend to do evil things” or “when they are young, they want to do evil things” -GEN 8 21 i5xk 0 the intentions of their hearts Here the word “hearts” refers to people’s thoughts, emotions, desires, and will. Alternate translation: “their tendency” or “their habit” -GEN 8 21 me8a 0 from childhood This refers to an older child. Alternate translation: “from their youth” -GEN 8 22 t468 0 While the earth remains “While the earth lasts” or “As long as the earth exists” -GEN 8 22 mwx9 0 seed time “the season for planting” -GEN 8 22 v7fe figs-merism 0 cold and heat, summer and winter These expressions both refer to two major weather conditions in the year. Translators may use local expressions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 8 22 wu43 0 summer the hot, dry time of the year -GEN 8 22 t9hn 0 winter the cool, wet or snowy time of the year -GEN 8 22 vy7b figs-doublenegatives 0 will not cease “will not cease to exist” or “will not cease to occur.” This can be expressed in a positive manner. Alternate translation: “will continue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 9 intro at1n 0 # Genesis 09 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 9:6-7, which is the poetic part of the quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. They also set apart 9:25-27, which contains two quotations.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:6 and 9:25-27.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Man’s relationship to animals
There is a noticeable shift in man’s relationship with the animals on the earth. Before the flood, there apparently was harmony between man and the animals. After the flood, the animals fear man and man is permitted to eat the animals, something he was not allowed to do previously. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Life in the blood
This chapter introduces the concept that there is life in the blood of an animal and in man. In Hebrew thought, blood represents the life present in a living thing. This is an image used throughout Scripture. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])

### Covenant with Noah
God made a covenant with Noah. This covenant was an unconditional promise God made to never destroy the whole world with a flood. Rainbows are a perpetual sign of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### A father’s nakedness
In Noah’s culture, it was unacceptable to see a father’s nakedness. It was wrong for Ham to show his brothers their father’s nakedness. Ham’s actions were insulting or disrespectful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth”
This is a command that God gives. He expects Noah to obey him. -GEN 9 1 bpc9 figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth This is God’s blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated these commands in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 9 2 e28l figs-metaphor 0 The fear of you and the dread of you will be upon every living animal…and upon all the fish of the sea The writer speaks of fear and dread as if they were physical objects that could be upon the animals. Alternate translation: “Every living animal…and all the fish of the sea will be dreadfully afraid of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 9 2 ax85 figs-doublet 0 The fear of you and the dread of you The words “fear” and “dread” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how afraid the animals will be of mankind. Alternate translation: “A dreadful fear of you” or “A terrible fear of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 9 2 gm7c 0 every living animal on the earth This is the first of the four categories of animals that the writer lists, and not a summary of the rest of the animals that he mentions next. -GEN 9 2 qqp7 0 bird This is a general term for things that fly. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:21](../01/21.md). -GEN 9 2 fhz4 0 upon everything that goes low on the ground This includes all types of small animals. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:25](../01/25.md). -GEN 9 2 g7t3 figs-metonymy 0 They are given into your hand The hand represents control. This can be made active. Alternate translation: “They are given into your control” or “I have put them under your control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 9 3 gxp7 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -GEN 9 4 s9mx 0 life…blood Translators may add a footnote such as this: “The blood is a symbol for life.” They may also add a footnote that says something like this: “God was commanding people not to eat meat while the blood was still in it. They had to drain out the blood first.” -GEN 9 5 jd7y 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -GEN 9 5 t1t8 0 But for your blood This contrasts man’s blood with the blood of animals ([Genesis 9:4](../09/04.md)). -GEN 9 5 w9jw figs-explicit 0 for your blood, the life that is in your blood It is implied that the blood is shed, or poured out, or spilled out. Alternate translation: “if anyone causes your blood to pour out” or “if anyone spills your blood” or “if anyone kills you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 9 5 c5je 0 life This refers to physical life. -GEN 9 5 sp2y 0 I will require payment This payment refers to the death of the murderer, not to money. Alternate translation: “I will require anyone who kills you to pay” -GEN 9 5 f5z4 figs-synecdoche 0 from the hand Here the word “hand” refers to the one who is responsible for something happening. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 9 5 ihu7 0 From the hand of every animal I will require it “I will require any animal that takes your life to pay” -GEN 9 5 kr1g 0 From the hand of any man, that is, from the hand of one who has murdered his brother, I will require an accounting for the life of that man “I will require anyone who takes the life of another person to pay” -GEN 9 5 hye6 figs-synecdoche 0 From the hand of This phrase refers to the person in a very personal way. Alternate translation: “From that very man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 9 5 n71j 0 brother Here “brother” is used as a general reference to relatives, such as members of the same tribe, clan, or people group. -GEN 9 6 ghj9 figs-metaphor 0 Whoever sheds man’s blood, by man will his blood be shed The shedding of blood is a metaphor for killing someone. This means that if a person murders someone, someone else must kill the murderer. However, “blood” is very significant in this passage and should be used in the translation if possible. Translate “sheds blood” with words that indicate a major loss of blood that causes death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 9 6 pnh5 0 for it was in the image of God that he made man “because God made people to be like him” or “because I made people in my own image” -GEN 9 7 r2cz figs-doublet 0 be fruitful and multiply This is God’s blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 9 8 ra1n 0 Then God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him God was already speaking to them. This phrase marks a change in what God was going to speak about. Alternate translation: “God continued speaking to Noah and his sons” or “Then God went on to say” -GEN 9 9 cpy2 0 As for me This phrase is used in English to mark the change from God talking about what Noah and his sons must do to talking about what God would do. -GEN 9 9 maf2 0 confirm my covenant with you “make a covenant between you and me.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:18](../06/18.md). -GEN 9 11 q967 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -GEN 9 11 lay9 0 I hereby confirm my covenant with you “By saying this, I make my covenant with you.” See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 6:18](../06/18.md). -GEN 9 11 zug5 figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. See how this is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 9 11 wr5z 0 Never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth “There will never again be a flood that destroys the earth.” There would be floods, but they would not destroy the whole earth. -GEN 9 12 r1uh 0 sign This means a reminder of something that was promised. -GEN 9 12 tl5l 0 covenant…for all future generations The covenant applies to Noah and his family and also to all generations that follow. -GEN 9 14 l8xy 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -GEN 9 14 s4e4 0 It will come about when “Whenever.” It is something that would happen many times. -GEN 9 14 f9zr figs-activepassive 0 the rainbow is seen It is not clear who will see the rainbow, but because the covenant is between Yahweh and people, if you need to say who it is who will see the rainbow, it would be best to name both Yahweh and people. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people and I see the rainbow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 9 14 kg5c 0 rainbow the colorful strip of light that appears in the rain when the sun shines from behind the viewer -GEN 9 15 i9p6 0 I will call to mind my covenant This does not mean that God would first forget. Alternate translation: “I will think about my covenant” -GEN 9 15 d7pg 0 me and you The word “you” is plural. God was speaking to Noah and Noah’s sons. -GEN 9 15 lk6n 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living being” -GEN 9 15 vn2n figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. See how this is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 9 16 kbz5 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -GEN 9 16 b2e4 0 in order to remember “so that I will remember” or “so that I will think about” -GEN 9 16 kf45 0 between God and every living creature God is speaking here. Alternate translation: “between me and every living creature” -GEN 9 16 m4th 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living being.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 9:15](../09/15.md). -GEN 9 17 x593 0 Then God said to Noah God was already talking to Noah. This phrase marks the final part of what God was saying. Alternate translation: “God finished by saying to Noah” or “So God said to Noah” -GEN 9 18 n7g4 0 General Information: Verses 18-19 introduce the three sons of Noah, who will be an important part of the next story. -GEN 9 18 zxn9 0 father Ham was Canaan’s true father. -GEN 9 20 bvi9 0 farmer person who raises plants for food -GEN 9 21 d5k4 0 became drunk “drank too much wine” -GEN 9 21 e6dg 0 uncovered The text does not specify how much of Noah’s body was uncovered as he lay drunk. His sons’ reactions show us that it was shameful. -GEN 9 22 xd8e 0 his father This refers to Noah. -GEN 9 24 ka8c 0 General Information: In verses 25-27 Noah pronounced a curse on Ham’s son and blessings on Ham’s brothers. What Noah said about them also applied to their descendants, as shown in the UST. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in Noah’s curse and blessings in verses 25-27. -GEN 9 24 w9sj 0 awoke from his wine He awoke after drinking wine and becoming drunk. He “became sober.” -GEN 9 24 y2mt 0 his youngest son This refers to Ham. Alternate translation: “his youngest son, Ham” -GEN 9 25 tmj7 0 Cursed be Canaan “I curse Canaan” or “May bad things happen to Canaan” -GEN 9 25 p9e7 0 Canaan This was one of Ham’s sons. Alternate translation: “Ham’s son Canaan” -GEN 9 25 kp5y 0 a servant to his brothers’ servants “the lowest servant of his brothers” or “the least important servant of his brothers” -GEN 9 25 ey5x 0 his brothers This could refer either to Canaan’s brothers or to his relatives in general. -GEN 9 26 rx6d 0 General Information: If you can, format these verses as they are formatted here to show your readers that this is poetry. -GEN 9 26 w1a7 0 May Yahweh, the God of Shem, be blessed “Praised be Yahweh, the God of Shem,” or “Yahweh, the God of Shem, is worthy of praise” or “I praise Yahweh, the God of Shem” -GEN 9 27 s54q 0 May Canaan be his servant “And let Canaan be Shem’s servant.” This includes Canaan’s and Shem’s descendants. -GEN 9 27 hh2y 0 May God extend the territory of Japheth Possible meanings are (1) “May God make Japheth’s territory larger” or (2) “May God cause Japheth to have many descendants.” -GEN 9 27 bxj1 0 let him make his home in the tents of Shem “let him leave peacefully with Shem.” This includes Japheth’s and Shem’s descendants. -GEN 9 27 x2sl 0 May Canaan be his servant “Let Canaan be Japheth’s servant.” This includes Canaan’s and Japheth’s descendants. -GEN 10 intro z42v 0 # Genesis 10 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter begins a genealogical record. It also records the location of ancient people groups.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Assyria and Nineveh
While these places may be located in the same area as the Assyria mentioned later in Scripture, they are not the same kingdom.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Sons were born to”
This is an unusual phrase meaning “were sons of.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 10 1 h24x 0 These were the descendants of the sons of Noah “This is the account of Noah’s sons.” This sentence introduces the account of Noah’s descendants in Genesis 10:1-11:9. -GEN 10 5 w1ea 0 From these the coastland peoples separated and went into their lands “Javan’s sons and descendants separated and moved to the coastlands and islands” -GEN 10 5 pl9t 0 coastland peoples This refers to people who lived along the coast and on the islands. -GEN 10 5 xw9u 0 their lands “their homelands.” These are the places that the people moved to and lived in. -GEN 10 5 nhz9 0 every one with its own language “Each people group spoke its own language” or “The people groups divided themselves according to their languages” -GEN 10 6 s5fj 0 Mizraim Mizraim is the Hebrew name for “Egypt.” -GEN 10 8 f6b4 0 conqueror Possible meanings are (1) “mighty warrior” or (2) “mighty man” or (3) “powerful ruler.” -GEN 10 9 k3vf 0 before Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) “in Yahweh’s sight” or (2) “with Yahweh’s help” -GEN 10 9 ig4i writing-proverbs 0 That is why it is said This introduces a proverb. Your language may introduce proverbs and sayings in a different way. Alternate translation: “This is the reason people say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) -GEN 10 10 i218 0 The first centers Possible meanings are (1) the first centers he developed or (2) the important cities. -GEN 10 11 ufj6 0 he went to Assyria “Nimrod went into Assyria” -GEN 10 13 d3j7 0 Mizraim became The list of Noah’s descendants continues. -GEN 10 13 yc8k 0 Mizraim Mizraim was one of Ham’s sons. His descendants became the people of Egypt. Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt. -GEN 10 16 l6at 0 Jebusites…Amorites…Girgashites These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan. -GEN 10 19 h65z 0 border line between one person’s land and another person’s land -GEN 10 19 vy73 figs-explicit 0 from Sidon, in the direction of Gerar, as far as Gaza The direction south can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: “from Sidon city in the north as far south as Gaza town, which is near Gerar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 10 19 rp9w figs-explicit 0 as one goes toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim, as far as Lasha The direction “east” or “inland” can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: “then east toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim towns, as far as Lasha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 10 20 b2zq 0 These were the sons of Ham The word “these” refers to the people and people groups who were listed in verses [Genesis 6-19](./06.md). -GEN 10 20 t4tj 0 by their languages “broken up according to their different languages” -GEN 10 20 w46b 0 in their lands “in their homelands” -GEN 10 24 ns9i 0 Arphaxad Arphaxad was one of Shem’s sons. -GEN 10 25 a5uy 0 Peleg Translators may add a footnote note that says: “The name Peleg means ‘division.’” -GEN 10 25 wad2 figs-activepassive 0 the earth was divided This can be made active. Alternate translation: “the people of the earth divided themselves” or “the people of the earth separated from one another” or “God divided the people of the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 10 26 dqg8 translate-names 0 Joktan Joktan was one of Eber’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 10 29 n82g 0 All these “These” here refers to the sons of Joktan. -GEN 10 30 s9ds 0 Their territory “The land they controlled” or “The land they lived in” -GEN 10 31 s4mu 0 These were the sons of Shem The word “these” refers to the descendants of Shem ([Genesis 10:21-29](./21.md)). -GEN 10 32 lws8 0 These were the clans This refers back to all the people listed in [Genesis 10:1-31](./01.md). -GEN 10 32 rr78 0 according to “listed by” -GEN 10 32 a96c 0 From these the nations separated and went over the earth “From these clans the nations divided and spread over the earth” or “These clans divided from each other and formed the nations of the earth” -GEN 10 32 bp4b figs-explicit 0 after the flood This can be stated clearly or more explicitly. Alternate translation: “after the flood destroyed the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 intro ecl3 0 # Genesis 11 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter is a story traditionally referred to as the “Tower of Babel.”

This chapter seeks to answer the questions: why do people speak different languages? how did people become so dispersed across the earth? God’s punishment described in this chapter may also explain why the world has racial and ethnic divisions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Age of people when they die
After the flood, people began to live shorter lives. This chapter begins to record the shortening of the average lifespan.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Personification
The statement “Yahweh came down to see” is a type of personification. Yahweh always knows what happens on earth. This statement indicates that Yahweh is about to bring judgment on mankind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Let us build ourselves a city and a tower whose top will reach to the sky”
The people were very full of pride and rebelled against God in this action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 1 ar7x 0 Now This word shows that the writer is beginning a new part of the story. -GEN 11 1 gr4c figs-metonymy 0 the whole earth This represents all the people on the earth. Alternate translation: “all the people on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 11 1 y7c6 figs-parallelism 0 used one language and had the same words These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that all people spoke the same language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 11 2 c5a7 0 they journeyed “they moved around” -GEN 11 2 p5qy 0 in the east Possible meanings are (1) “in the east” or (2) “from the east” or (3) “to the east.” The preferred choice is “in the east” because Shinar is to the east of where scholars believe the ark came to rest. -GEN 11 2 a3c6 0 settled stopped moving from one place to another and began to live at one location -GEN 11 3 mad2 0 Come If your language has a way of urging or commanding people to begin work, like the English “Come on!” you might use it here. -GEN 11 3 z6gz 0 bake them thoroughly People make bricks out of clay and heat them in a very hot oven to make them hard and strong. -GEN 11 3 ihz3 0 tar a thick, sticky, black liquid that comes up from the ground -GEN 11 3 zxv1 0 mortar This is a thick substance made of lime powder, clay, sand, and water used to make stones or bricks stick together. -GEN 11 4 nzr5 0 let us make a name for ourselves “let us make our reputation great” -GEN 11 4 rxx9 0 name reputation -GEN 11 4 ejq9 figs-activepassive 0 we will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will separate from each other and live in different places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 11 5 v8n7 0 the descendants of Adam “the people” -GEN 11 5 t6pt figs-explicit 0 came down The information about where he came down from can be made explicit: “came down from heaven.” This does not tell how he came down. Use a general word meaning “came down.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 5 b3yl 0 to see “to observe” or “to look more closely” -GEN 11 6 uzm2 0 one people with the same language All the people were one big group and they all spoke the same language. -GEN 11 6 a83e 0 they are beginning to do this Possible meanings are (1) “they have begun to do this,” meaning that they have begun to build the tower but it is not finished, or (2) “this is just the first thing they have done,” meaning that in future they will do greater things. -GEN 11 6 ux98 figs-doublenegatives 0 nothing that they intend to do will be impossible for them This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “anything they intend to do will be possible for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 11 7 i5gb 0 Come If your language has a way of urging or commanding people to begin work, like the English “Come on!” you might use it here. See how this is translated in [Genesis 11:3](../11/03.md). -GEN 11 7 i17m figs-pronouns 0 let us go down The word “us” is plural even though it refers to God. Some translate it as “let me go down” or “I will go down.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the pronoun is plural. See the note on “Let us make” in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) -GEN 11 7 d22g figs-explicit 0 confuse their language This means that Yahweh would cause the people all over the earth to stop speaking the same language. Alternate translation: “mix up their language” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 7 plc4 figs-explicit 0 so that they may not understand each other This was the purpose of confusing their language. Alternate translation: “so that they will not be able to understand what each other is saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 8 htq4 0 from there “from the city” -GEN 11 9 m76d 0 its name was called Babel, because there Yahweh confused The name “Babel” sounds like the word that means “confused.” Translators may want to add a footnote about this. -GEN 11 9 ppz1 figs-explicit 0 confused the language of the whole earth It means that Yahweh caused the people all over the earth to no longer speak the same language. Alternate translation: “mixed up the language of the whole earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 11 10 jzy8 0 General Information: The rest of this chapter lists the line of Shem’s descendants down to Abram. -GEN 11 10 gq2u 0 These were the descendants of Shem This sentence begins the list of Shem’s descendants. -GEN 11 10 n5un 0 flood This is the flood from Noah’s time when people had become so evil that God sent a worldwide flood to cover the earth. -GEN 11 10 y7s3 0 became the father of Arphaxad “had his son Arphaxad” or “his son Arphaxad was born” -GEN 11 10 b4lz translate-names 0 Arphaxad a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 11 10 ty5m translate-numbers 0 a hundred…two Translators may write the words or the numerals “100” and “2.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 11 ix9y translate-numbers 0 five hundred Translators may write the words or the numeral “500.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 12 i93p 0 he became the father of Shelah “his son Shelah was born” -GEN 11 12 i685 translate-names 0 Shelah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 11 13 v9kr translate-numbers 0 403 years “four hundred and three years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 14 aht6 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 16 nh92 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 18 t5j5 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 20 zj9y translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 22 qv7c translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 24 kk5d translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 11 26 v3ui 0 Abram, Nahor, and Haran We do not know the birth order of his sons. -GEN 11 27 sx61 translate-names 0 Now these were the descendants of Terah This sentence introduces the account of Terah’s descendants. Genesis 11:27-25:11 tells about Terah’s descendants, particularly his son Abraham. Alternate translation: “This is the account of Terah’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 11 28 qu78 translate-names 0 Haran died in the presence of his father Terah This means that Haran died while his father was still living. Alternate translation: “Haran died while his father, Terah, was with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 11 29 qxs6 0 took wives “married wives” -GEN 11 29 x1m2 translate-names 0 Iskah This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 11 30 s9v1 0 Now This word is used to introduce new information about Sarai that will become important in later chapters. -GEN 11 30 yps7 figs-euphemism 0 barren This term describes a woman who is physically unable to conceive or bear a child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 11 31 cu9g 0 his Here the word “his” refers to Terah. -GEN 11 31 tj9e 0 Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram’s wife “his daughter-in-law Sarai, who was the wife of his son Abram” -GEN 11 31 h4pi 0 Haran…Haran These are two different names and they are spelled differently in Hebrew. One refers to a person and the other refers to a city. (The “h” sound in the city’s name is louder than the “h” sound in the person’s name.) You might choose to spell them differently in your language to show this. -GEN 11 32 lt94 translate-numbers 0 205 years “two hundred and five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 12 intro b9wm 0 # Genesis 12 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abram
When God said, “Go from your country, and from your relatives,” he established several new people groups. These groups descended from Abram.

### God’s covenant with Abraham
God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “They will kill me”
Abram was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarai to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abram’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -GEN 12 1 k9r8 0 Now This word is used to mark a new part of the story. -GEN 12 1 d1lk 0 Go from your country, and from your relatives “Go from your land, from your family” -GEN 12 2 hc9y figs-metonymy 0 I will make of you a great nation Here “you” is singular and refers to Abram, but Abram represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “I will start a great nation through you” or “I will make your descendants become a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 12 2 q7ai figs-metonymy 0 make your name great The word “name” represents the person’s reputation. Alternate translation: “make you famous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 12 2 jt28 figs-ellipsis 0 you will be a blessing The words “to other people” are understood. Alternate translation: “you will be a blessing to other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 12 3 xec4 0 whoever dishonors you I will curse “I will curse whoever treats you in a shameful way” or “if anyone treats you as worthless, I will curse him” -GEN 12 3 cpj9 figs-activepassive 0 Through you will all the families of the earth be blessed This can be made active. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the families of the earth through you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 12 3 xd5b 0 Through you “Because of you” or “Because I have blessed you” -GEN 12 5 lvz6 0 possessions This includes animals and non-living property. -GEN 12 5 nv12 0 the people that they had acquired Possible meanings are (1) “slaves that they had accumulated” or (2) “the people whom they had gathered to be with them.” -GEN 12 6 j4pb figs-explicit 0 Abram passed through the land Only Abram’s name is mentioned because he was the head of the family. God had given him the command to take his family and go there. Alternate translation: “So Abram and his family went through the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 12 6 lgv1 0 the land “the land of Canaan” -GEN 12 6 jvj4 translate-names 0 the oak of Moreh Moreh was probably the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 12 7 v6g3 0 Yahweh, who had appeared to him “Yahweh, because he had appeared to him” -GEN 12 8 ln91 0 he pitched his tent Abram had many people with him as he traveled. People who moved from place to place lived in tents. Alternate translation: “they set up their tents” -GEN 12 8 v6m1 0 called on the name of Yahweh “prayed in the name of Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh” -GEN 12 9 vbq7 figs-explicit 0 Then Abram continued journeying You may need to make explicit that he took his tent with him. “Then Abram took his tent and continued journeying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 12 9 t22q 0 toward the Negev “toward the Negev region” or “toward the south” or “south to the Negev desert” -GEN 12 10 lv6b figs-explicit 0 There was a famine The crops did not grow well that season. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “There was a shortage of food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 12 10 c2c3 0 in the land “in the area” or “in the land where Abram was living” -GEN 12 10 me1z 0 went down into Possible meanings are (1) “went further south” or (2) “went away from Canaan into.” It would be best to translate this using your usual words for going from a higher place to a lower place. -GEN 12 12 hmn5 figs-explicit 0 they will kill me…you alive The reason they would kill Abram can be made explicit: “they will kill me so that they can marry you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 12 13 sj7i figs-activepassive 0 so that my life will be spared because of you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that, because of you, they will not kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 12 14 stl2 0 It came about that Possible meanings are (1) This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts, and if your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here, or (2) “And that was what happened” . -GEN 12 15 cnd8 0 The princes of Pharaoh saw her “Pharaoh’s officials saw Sarai” or “the king’s officials saw her” -GEN 12 15 n3fw figs-activepassive 0 the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s household This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh took her into his household” or “Pharaoh had his soldiers take her into his household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 12 15 hw84 0 the woman Sarai -GEN 12 15 y2tk figs-euphemism 0 Pharaoh’s household Possible meanings are (1) “Pharoah’s family,” that is, as a wife, or (2) “Pharaoah’s house” or “Pharaoh’s palace,” a euphemism for Pharaoh making her one of his wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 12 16 m9jr 0 for her sake “for Sarai’s sake” or “because of her” -GEN 12 17 kb9r figs-explicit 0 because of Sarai, Abram’s wife This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “because Pharaoh intended to take Sarai, Abram’s wife, to be his own wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 12 18 r9kt 0 Pharaoh summoned Abram “Pharaoh called Abram” or “Pharaoh ordered Abram to come to him” -GEN 12 18 e9mt figs-rquestion 0 What is this that you have done to me? Pharaoh used this rhetorical question to show how angry he was about what Abram had done to him. It can also be stated as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 12 20 f2i8 0 Then Pharaoh gave orders to his men concerning him “Then Pharaoh directed his officials concerning Abram” -GEN 12 20 edz8 0 they sent him away, along with his wife and all that he had “the officials sent Abram away from Pharoah, with his wife and all his possessions” -GEN 13 intro qch2 0 # Genesis 13 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abram’s faith
Since the land could not support both Lot’s and Abraham’s family, they each went their own way. Even though good land was not plentiful, Abraham allowed Lot to choose the better land because he trusted in God to fulfill his promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### God’s covenant with Abram

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. This chapter continues the covenant which began in the previous chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Built an altar
Abram would have built an altar in order to offer sacrifices to Yahweh. There is an implicit understanding that building an altar was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 13 1 sjz2 0 went up from “left” or “departed from” -GEN 13 1 ige2 figs-explicit 0 went into the Negev The Negev was a desert region in southern Canaan, west of Egypt. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “went back to the Negev desert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 13 2 bty5 0 Abram was very rich in animals, in silver, and in gold “Abram had many animals, much silver, and much gold” -GEN 13 2 lwq5 0 animals “livestock” or “cattle” -GEN 13 3 rg7d figs-explicit 0 He continued on his journey Abram and his family traveled by stages, going from place to place. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “They continued on their journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 13 3 vxf3 figs-explicit 0 to the place where his tent had been before Translators may add a footnote that says “See Genesis 12:8.” The time of his travel can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “to the place where he had set up his tent before he went to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 13 4 h2ad 0 called on the name of Yahweh “prayed in the name of Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 12:8](../12/08.md). -GEN 13 5 br4w writing-background 0 Now This word is used to show what follows is background information to help the reader understand the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 13 6 ash5 0 The land was not able to support them There was not enough grazing land and water for all their animals. -GEN 13 6 k6zz 0 their possessions This includes livestock, which need pasture and water. -GEN 13 6 y1wq 0 could not stay together “could not live together” -GEN 13 7 e3n1 0 The Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land at that time This is another reason that the land could not support them all. -GEN 13 8 rbt4 0 Let there be no strife between you and me “Let’s not quarrel” -GEN 13 8 l2ht 0 strife arguments or fights -GEN 13 8 ayp5 0 between your herdsmen and my herdsmen “let’s stop the men who take care of our animals from quarreling” -GEN 13 8 l8eq 0 after all, we are family “because we are family” -GEN 13 8 vz47 0 family “kinsmen” or “relatives.” Lot was Abraham’s nephew. -GEN 13 9 n7k3 figs-rquestion 0 Is not the whole land before you? This rhetorical question can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “The whole land is available for you to use.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 13 9 av37 0 Go ahead and separate yourself from me Abraham was speaking kindly to Lot and encouraging him to do something that would help them both. “Let’s separate.” -GEN 13 9 flm1 0 If you go to the left, then I will go to the right Possible meanings are (1) “If you go one way, then I will go the other” or (2) “If you go to the north, I will go to the south.” Abram let Lot choose the part of the land he wanted, and Abram would take what remained. -GEN 13 10 v189 0 the whole plain of the Jordan This refers to the general region of the Jordan River. -GEN 13 10 ve9r 0 was well watered “had much water” -GEN 13 10 zs4c 0 like the garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt “like the garden of Yahweh or like the land of Egypt.” These were two different places. -GEN 13 10 p9t9 0 the garden of Yahweh This is another name for the garden of Eden. -GEN 13 10 v2iw 0 garden Use the same word for “garden” as you used in [Genesis 2:8](../02/08.md). -GEN 13 10 z1zy 0 This was before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah This anticipates something that would happen later. It is important here because it explains why Lot settled in a region that later was not fertile. -GEN 13 11 c5bb 0 the relatives “the kinsmen” or “the families.” This refers to Lot and Abram with their households. -GEN 13 12 hc2t 0 Abram lived “Abram made his home” or “Abram stayed” -GEN 13 12 cpm2 0 the land of Canaan “the land of the Canaanites” -GEN 13 12 umy1 0 He set up his tents as far away as Sodom Possible meanings are (1) “He set up his tents near Sodom” or (2) “He moved his tents around in an area that reached all the way to Sodom.” -GEN 13 14 y61m 0 after Lot had departed from him “after Lot left Abraham” -GEN 13 17 xil7 0 walk through the length and breadth of the land “walk around all over the whole land” -GEN 13 18 zy7q translate-names 0 Mamre This was the name of the man who owned the oak trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 13 18 is6e translate-names 0 Hebron This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 13 18 xw41 0 an altar to Yahweh “an altar for worshiping Yahweh” -GEN 14 intro hz9l 0 # Genesis 14 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:19-20.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Names of places
Sometimes the names of places in Scripture are referred to by the name used during the time of the writer. For example, the location referred to as Dan was not yet known by that name because Dan had not yet come to live there. Moses, the author of Genesis, would have known this location as Dan.

### Melchizedek
Melchizedek was both a priest and a king. Because of this, he parallels the roles of Jesus. Melchizedek is an important figure in the book of Hebrews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God Most High

Melchizedek worshiped the God Most High. This is probably a reference to the true and only God who created the heavens and the earth and came to be known as Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) -GEN 14 1 zbz3 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 14 1 p95i 0 in the days of “in the time of” -GEN 14 1 e5wj translate-names 0 Amraphel…Arioch…Kedorlaomer…Tidal These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 1 psb1 translate-names 0 Shinar…Ellasar…Elam…Goiim These are names of places. See how you translated “Shinar” in [Genesis 10:10](../10/10.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 2 s6jz 0 they made war “they went to war” or “they started a war” or “they prepared for war” -GEN 14 3 pdv2 figs-explicit 0 These latter five kings joined together The information that their armies were with them can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “These latter five kings and their armies joined together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 14 4 vk6f 0 Twelve years they had served The events in verses 4-7 happened before verse 3. Your language may have a way of showing this. -GEN 14 4 d7j6 translate-names 0 they had served Kedorlaomer They probably had to pay him taxes and serve in his army. Alternate translation: “they had been under the control of Kedorlaomer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 4 m72u 0 they rebelled “they refused to serve him” or “they stopped serving him” -GEN 14 5 k2wm 0 came and attacked They did this because the other kings rebelled. -GEN 14 5 k3kf translate-names 0 the Rephaim…the Zuzites…the Emites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 5 kj3n translate-names 0 Ashteroth Karnaim…Ham…Shaveh Kiriathaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 5 pm1u 0 Ham This name in Hebrew is different from the name of Noah’s son, which is spelled the same way in English. -GEN 14 6 afr4 translate-names 0 the Horites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 6 m4dw translate-names 0 Seir…El Paran These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 14 6 s52t figs-distinguish 0 El Paran, which is near the desert This phrase helps readers understand where El Paran was. It can be translated as a separate sentence if necessary. Alternate translation: “El Paran. El Paran is near the desert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 14 7 my4b 0 General Information: Verses 8 and 9 repeats what was said in [Genesis 14:3](../14/03.md) and continues to tell what happened when the kings came together to fight. -GEN 14 7 rck2 figs-go 0 they turned and came The word “they” refers to the four foreign kings who were attacking the region of Canaan. Their names were Amraphel, Arioch, Chedorlaomer, and Tidal. Alternate translation: “they turned and went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 14 7 ed6d 0 the Amorites who lived in Hazezon Tamar This phrase tells which Amorite people were defeated. There were other Amorite people who lived in other places. -GEN 14 8 pq4d 0 the king of Bela (also called Zoar) The city of Bela was also called Zoar. This information could also be put at the end of the sentence. “the king of Bela went out and prepared for battle. Bela is also called Zoar.” -GEN 14 8 v7s3 figs-explicit 0 prepared for battle “joined battle” or “drew up battle lines.” Some translators may need to also say that the armies fought, as the UST does in verse 9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 14 9 uq5u 0 four kings against the five Since the five kings were listed first, some languages might prefer to translate this as “five kings against four.” -GEN 14 10 yn7e writing-background 0 Now This word introduces background information about the valley of Siddim. Your language may have another way of introducing background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 14 10 u9qi 0 was full of tar pits “had many tar pits.” These were holes in the ground that had tar in them. -GEN 14 10 f98l 0 tar a thick, sticky, black liquid that comes up from the ground. See how this is translated in [Genesis 11:3](../11/03.md). -GEN 14 10 mp8k figs-synecdoche 0 the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah Here the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah and their armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 14 10 kj2n figs-metonymy 0 they fell in there Possible meanings are (1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits or (2) the kings themselves fell in the tar pits. Since [Genesis 14:17](../14/17.md) says that the king of Sodom went to meet Abram, the first meaning is more likely correct. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 14 10 ern2 0 Those who were left “Those who did not die in battle and did not fall in the pits” -GEN 14 11 rk4u figs-metonymy 0 the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah The words “Sodom” and “Gomorrah” are metonyms for the people who lived in those cities. Alternate translation: “the wealth of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah” or “the property of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 14 11 c7vp 0 their provisions “their food and drink” -GEN 14 11 e6qg 0 went their way “they went away” -GEN 14 12 g2sj figs-distinguish 0 they also took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who was living in Sodom, along with all his possessions The phrases “Abram’s brother’s son” and “who was living in Sodom” remind the reader of things that were written earlier about Lot. Alternate translation: “they also took Lot, along with all his possessions. Lot was Abram’s brother’s son and was living in Sodom at that time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 14 13 w39m 0 One who had escaped came “A man escaped from the battle and came” -GEN 14 13 g8u8 writing-background 0 He was living “Abram was living.” This introduces background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 14 13 mmt3 0 were all allies of Abram “were treaty-partners with Abram” or “had a peace agreement with Abram” -GEN 14 14 se1t 0 his relative This is a reference to Abram’s nephew Lot. -GEN 14 14 wc3z translate-numbers 0 318 trained men “three hundred and eighteen trained men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 14 14 llz9 0 trained men “men who were trained to fight” -GEN 14 14 gjn2 0 men who had been born in his house “men who were born in Abram’s household.” They were children of Abram’s servants. -GEN 14 14 a2k3 0 pursued them “chased them” -GEN 14 14 kgi3 0 Dan This is a city in the far north of Canaan, far from Abram’s camp. -GEN 14 15 z2r4 0 He divided his men against them at night and attacked them This probably refers to a battle strategy. “Abram divided the men into several groups, and they attacked their enemies from various directions” -GEN 14 16 fxf4 0 all the possessions This refers to the things that the enemies had stolen from the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. -GEN 14 16 qp8w 0 his goods “Lot’s property that the enemies had stolen from Lot” -GEN 14 16 gt3k 0 as well as the women and the other people “as well as the women and other people that the four kings had captured” -GEN 14 17 s822 figs-explicit 0 returned The implied information about where he was returning to can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “returned to where he was living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 14 18 cz1b 0 Melchizedek, king of Salem This is the first time this king is mentioned. -GEN 14 18 hqq1 0 bread and wine People commonly ate bread and wine. See how you translated “bread” in [Genesis 3:19](../03/19.md) and “wine” in [Genesis 9:21](../09/21.md). -GEN 14 19 b6iz 0 He blessed him King Melchizedek blessed Abram. -GEN 14 19 wnf1 figs-activepassive 0 Blessed be Abram by God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God Most High, the Creator of heaven and earth, bless Abram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 14 19 z9ck 0 heaven This refers to the place where God lives. -GEN 14 20 pvn4 0 God Most High, who has given “God Most High, because he has given.” The phrase starting with “who has given” tells us something more about God Most High. -GEN 14 20 hyf9 0 Blessed be God Most High This is a way of praising God. See how you translated “blessed be” in [Genesis 9:26](../09/26.md). -GEN 14 20 me4m 0 into your hand “into your control” or “into your power” -GEN 14 21 yzi9 0 Give me the people The phrase “the people” may refer to the people of Sodom that the enemies had captured. Abram rescued them when he rescued Lot. -GEN 14 22 pw78 0 I have lifted up my hand This means “I have taken an oath” or “I have made a promise.” -GEN 14 24 fd75 0 I will take nothing except what the young men have eaten “I take from you only what my young men have already eaten.” Abram was refusing to accept anything for himself, but acknowledged that the soldiers had eaten some of the supplies during the journey back to Sodom after the battle. -GEN 14 24 xk3g figs-explicit 0 the share of the men that went with me The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the share of the recovered property that belongs to the men who helped me get it back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 14 24 dn4x figs-explicit 0 Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre These are the allies of Abram ([Genesis 14:13](../14/13.md)). Because they were Abram’s allies they fought battles alongside him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “my allies Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 15 intro b77u 0 # Genesis 15 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Inheritance
In the ancient Near East, a person’s children inherited the property and land of their parents. Abraham doubted the fulfillment of God’s covenant because he did not have any children to whom to give his land. This showed a lack of faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]],[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])

### Fulfilling a promise
In the ancient Near East, two people performed a similar sacrifice by dividing animals in half. It was a way to say to the other person, “may this happen to me if I do not fulfill my promise.” The event recorded here indicates that God will fulfill his promise and only he is responsible for bringing it about. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### God’s covenant with Abraham

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. This covenant has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. -GEN 15 1 u7m1 0 After these things “These things” refers to when the kings fought and Abram rescued Lot. -GEN 15 1 y6sg figs-idiom 0 the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision, saying, “Fear The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Abram in a vision. He said, ‘Fear” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Abram in a vision: ‘Fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 15 1 f5jx figs-metaphor 0 shield…reward God used these two metaphors to tell Abram about his character and his relationship to Abram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 15 1 q9jg figs-metaphor 0 I am your shield Soldiers use a shield to protect themselves from their enemies. Alternate translation: “I will protect you like shield” or “I am your shield to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 15 1 a84d 0 I am…your very great reward Possible meanings are (1) “I myself will be all that you need” or (2) “I will give you all you need.” -GEN 15 1 d6eq figs-metonymy 0 reward the result of a person’s actions. This seems to be a metonym for the gracious blessing God would give Abram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 15 3 e54g 0 Abram said, “Since you have given me “Abram continued speaking and said, ‘Since you have given me’” -GEN 15 4 ym81 0 Then, behold The word “behold” emphasizes the fact that the word of Yahweh came to Abraham again. -GEN 15 4 a5xl figs-idiom 0 the word of Yahweh came to him, saying, “This The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this idiom in [Genesis 15:1](./01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave him a message. He said, ‘This” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: ‘This” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 15 4 jf7t 0 This man This refers to Eliezer of Damascus. -GEN 15 4 t2nt 0 the one who will come from your own body “the one that you will father” or “your very own son.” Abram’s own son would become his heir. -GEN 15 5 rzc6 0 number the stars “count the stars” -GEN 15 5 s2td 0 So will your descendants be Just as Abram would not be able to count all the stars, he would not be able to count all his descendants because there would be so many. -GEN 15 6 wi6t 0 He believed Yahweh This means he accepted and trusted what Yahweh said was true. -GEN 15 6 vu8m 0 he counted it to him as righteousness “Yahweh counted Abram’s belief as righteousness” or “Yahweh considered Abram righteous because Abram believed him” -GEN 15 7 s8nq 0 I am Yahweh, who brought you out of Ur Yahweh was reminding Abraham of what he had already done so that Abraham would know that Yahweh had the power to give Abram what he promised him. -GEN 15 7 vpc6 0 to inherit it “to receive it” or “so that you will possess it” -GEN 15 8 xgm4 0 how will I know Abram was asking for more proof that Yahweh would give him the land. -GEN 15 11 ej2r 0 the carcasses “the dead bodies of the animals and birds” -GEN 15 11 ld5n 0 Abram drove them away “Abram chased the birds away.” He made sure the birds did not eat the dead animals. -GEN 15 12 mt8x figs-idiom 0 Abram fell sound asleep This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Abraham slept deeply” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 15 12 s67i 0 a deep and terrifying darkness “an extreme darkness that terrified him” -GEN 15 12 t6p7 0 overwhelmed him “surrounded him” -GEN 15 13 v3tk 0 strangers people who are at home in one place but have to live in another place -GEN 15 13 ayu5 figs-activepassive 0 will be enslaved and oppressed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the owners of that land will enslave your descendants and oppress them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 15 14 u2c1 0 General Information: Yahweh continued to speak to Abram while Abram dreamed. -GEN 15 14 chv9 figs-metonymy 0 I will judge Here “judge” is a metonym for what will happen after God makes the judgment. Alternate translation: “I will punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 15 14 i1hs figs-explicit 0 that they will serve The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “that your descendants will serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 15 14 i716 figs-idiom 0 abundant possessions This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “many possessions” or “great wealth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 15 15 zj2t figs-euphemism 0 you will go to your fathers This is a polite way of saying “you will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 15 15 ce5w figs-synecdoche 0 fathers The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors” or “ancestral fathers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 15 15 m38i 0 you will be buried in a good old age “you will be very old when you die and your family buries your body” -GEN 15 16 t8tm 0 In the fourth generation Here one generation refers to a lifespan of 100 years. “After four hundred years” -GEN 15 16 kgu5 0 they will come here again “your descendants will come back here.” Abraham’s descendants would come to the land where Abram was then living, the land that Yahweh had promised to give to him. -GEN 15 16 dfh5 0 has not yet reached its limit “is not yet complete” or “will get much worse before I punish them” -GEN 15 17 bak2 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 15 17 dq6q 0 a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch passed between the pieces God did this to show Abram that he was making a covenant with him. -GEN 15 17 b8ea 0 passed between the pieces “passed through between the two rows of animal pieces” -GEN 15 18 jca2 0 covenant In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, and he will continue to bless him as long as Abram follows him. -GEN 15 18 n51q 0 I hereby give this land By saying this, God was giving the land to Abram’s descendants. God was doing this then, but the descendants would not go into the land until many years later. -GEN 15 19 z53u translate-names 0 the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 15 20 s5a4 translate-names 0 the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 15 21 x8uz translate-names 0 the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 16 intro hcf5 0 # Genesis 16 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 16:11-12.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Plural marriage
Abram married Hagar while he was also married to Sarai. Even though Abram had his wife’s permission, this was an immoral and sinful action. It also showed a lack of faith in God. Sarai quickly became jealous of Hagar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 16 1 g63i writing-background 0 Now This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and background information about Sarai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 16 1 qvt5 0 female servant “slave-girl.” This type of slave would serve the woman of the household. -GEN 16 2 mi22 0 from having children “from giving birth to children” -GEN 16 2 g7pn 0 I will have children by her “I will build my family through her” -GEN 16 2 d65g 0 Abram listened to the voice of Sarai “Abram did what Sarai said” -GEN 16 4 r8xr 0 she looked with contempt on her mistress “she despised her mistress” or “she thought that she was more valuable than her mistress” -GEN 16 4 n3w5 0 her mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. Alternate translation: “her owner” or “Sarai” -GEN 16 5 zy8r 0 This wrong on me “This injustice against me” -GEN 16 5 cs17 0 is because of you “is your responsibility” or “is your fault” -GEN 16 5 pg3a figs-euphemism 0 I gave my servant woman into your embrace Sarai used the word “embrace” here to refer to him sleeping with her. Alternate translation: “I gave you my servant so that you would sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 16 5 da2j figs-activepassive 0 I was despised in her eyes This can be active. Alternate translation: “she hated me” or “she began to hate me” or “she thought she was better than me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 16 5 yn9x 0 Let Yahweh judge between me and you “I want Yahweh to say whether this is my fault or your fault” or “I want Yahweh to decide which one of us is right.” The phrase “to judge between” means to decide which person is right in a dispute between them. -GEN 16 6 xrl3 0 See here “Listen to me” or “Pay attention” -GEN 16 6 dgm6 0 in your power “under your authority” -GEN 16 6 j5i9 0 Sarai dealt harshly with her “Sarai treated Hagar very badly” -GEN 16 6 t433 0 she fled from her “Hagar fled from Sarai” -GEN 16 7 e27g 0 The angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” -GEN 16 7 w6d6 0 wilderness The wilderness area she went to was a desert. Alternate translation: “desert” -GEN 16 7 y62e 0 Shur This was the name of a place south of Canaan and east of Egypt. -GEN 16 8 mk7v 0 my mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. See how “her mistress” is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “my owner” -GEN 16 9 rqm5 0 The angel of Yahweh said to her “The angel of Yahweh said to Hagar” -GEN 16 9 r9gt 0 your mistress Sarai. See how “her mistress” is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). -GEN 16 10 km4g 0 the angel of Yahweh See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). -GEN 16 10 aa1h 0 the angel of Yahweh said to her, “I When he said “I,” he was referring to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the word “I” when referring to Yahweh. -GEN 16 10 xr66 0 I will greatly multiply your descendants “I will give you very many descendants” -GEN 16 10 sn9f 0 too numerous to count “so many that no one will be able to count them” -GEN 16 11 ee9v 0 The angel of Yahweh See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). -GEN 16 11 mj7q 0 Behold “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention” -GEN 16 11 qqh8 0 bear a son “give birth to a son” -GEN 16 11 t29c 0 you will call his name “you will name him.” The word “you” refers to Hagar. -GEN 16 11 x6x4 0 Ishmael, because Yahweh has heard Translators may add a footnote that says “The name ‘Ishmael’ means ‘God has heard.’” -GEN 16 11 xmm5 0 affliction She has been afflicted by distress and suffering. -GEN 16 12 rpu1 figs-metaphor 0 He will be a wild donkey of a man This was not an insult. It may mean that Ishmael would be independent and strong like a wild donkey. Alternate translation: “He will be like a wild donkey among men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 16 12 vyt4 0 He will be hostile against every man “He will be every man’s enemy” -GEN 16 12 j1p2 0 every man will be hostile to him “everyone will be his enemy” -GEN 16 12 q8j2 0 he will live apart from This can also mean “he will live in hostility with.” -GEN 16 12 ihy3 0 his brothers “his relatives” or “the other members of his family” -GEN 16 13 t9b6 0 Yahweh who spoke to her “Yahweh, because he spoke to her” -GEN 16 13 jsy3 figs-rquestion 0 Do I really continue to see,…me? Hagar used this rhetorical question to express her amazement that she was still alive even after she met God. People expected that if they met God, they would die. Here seeing represents living. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that I am still alive,…me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 16 14 ez2d translate-names 0 Therefore the well was called Beer Lahai Roi Translators may add a footnote that says “Beer Lahai Roi means ‘the well of the living one who sees me.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 16 14 c8h8 translate-names 0 behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered The word “behold” here draws attention to the fact that the well was in a place that the author and his readers knew. Alternate translation: “in fact, it is between Kadesh and Bered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 16 15 x6tu figs-explicit 0 Hagar gave birth Hagar’s return to Sarai and Abram is implict. You can make this more explicit. Alternate translation: “So Hagar went back and gave birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 16 15 g9my 0 named his son, whom Hagar bore “named his son by Hagar” or “named his and Hagar’s son” -GEN 16 16 cdy2 writing-background 0 Abram was This introduces background information about Abram’s age when these things happened. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 16 16 e7x4 0 bore Ishmael to Abram This means “gave birth to Abram’s son, Ishmael.” The focus is on Abram having a son. -GEN 17 intro ry14 0 # Genesis 17 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### “The father of a multitude of nations”
Abram came to have many descendants. He had so many descendants that many of his immediate descendants became large people groups and nations.

### God’s covenant with Abraham

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. It is important to note in this chapter that Isaac is the son who receives the promises associated with the covenant and not Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Circumcision
Circumcision was an unusual practice in the ancient Near East. It served to separate the Hebrew people from the rest of the world. This chapter records the beginning of this practice among Abraham and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])

### Name change
In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The beginning of the practice of circumcision was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people. -GEN 17 1 e289 0 When Abram was ninety-nine years old This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 17 1 j61v 0 God Almighty “the all-powerful God” or “the God who has all power” -GEN 17 1 cp7w figs-metaphor 0 Walk before me Walking is a metaphor for living, and “before me” or “in my presence” here is a metaphor for obedience. Alternate translation: “Live the way I want you to” or “Obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 17 2 e6dj 0 Then I will confirm “If you do this, then I will confirm” -GEN 17 2 n6qi 0 I will confirm my covenant “I will give my covenant” or “I will make my covenant” -GEN 17 2 x3wu 0 covenant In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, but he also requires Abram to obey him. -GEN 17 2 qt2p figs-idiom 0 multiply you exceedingly Here “multiply you” is an idiom that means he will give him more descendants. Alternate translation: “greatly increase the number of your descendants” or “give you very many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 17 3 m64l 0 Abram bowed low with his face to the ground “Abram threw himself face down on the ground” or “Abraham immediately lay down with his face to the ground.” He did this to show that he respected God and would obey him. -GEN 17 4 j6m4 0 As for me God used this phrase to introduce what he would do for Abram as part of his covenant with Abram. -GEN 17 4 x8l2 0 behold, my covenant is with you The word “behold” here says that what comes next is certain: “my covenant is certainly with you.” -GEN 17 4 x5p4 0 the father of a multitude of nations “the father of a great number of nations” or “the one after whom many nations name themselves” -GEN 17 6 qgt7 0 I will make you exceedingly fruitful “I will cause you to have very many descendants” -GEN 17 6 z2ge 0 I will make nations of you “I will cause your descendants to become nations” -GEN 17 6 u97r 0 kings will descend from you “among your descendants there will be kings” or “some of your descendants will be kings” -GEN 17 7 qx71 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Abraham. -GEN 17 7 nr7x 0 throughout their generations “for each generation” -GEN 17 7 pbe9 0 for an everlasting covenant “as a covenant that will last forever” -GEN 17 7 pr1d 0 to be God to you and to your descendants after you “to be your God and your descendants’ God” or “covenant” -GEN 17 8 hur8 0 Canaan, for an everlasting possession “Canaan, as an everlasting possession” or “Canaan, to possess forever” -GEN 17 9 x9sd 0 As for you God uses this phrase to introduce what Abram would have to do as part of God’s covenant with him. -GEN 17 9 x8a9 0 keep my covenant “observe my covenant” or “honor my covenant” or “obey my covenant” -GEN 17 10 jn4e 0 This is my covenant “This is a requirement of my covenant” or “This is part of my covenant.” This sentence introduces the part of the covenant that Abram must do. -GEN 17 10 ib6l figs-activepassive 0 Every male among you must be circumcised This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “You must circumcise every male among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 17 10 xjr3 0 Every male This refers to human males. -GEN 17 11 j6pm figs-euphemism 0 You must be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin Some communities may prefer a less descriptive expression such as “You must be circumcised.” If your translation of “be circumcised” already includes the word for “foreskin”, you do not need to repeat it. This can be made active. Alternate translation: “You must circumcise every male among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 17 11 i3l8 0 the sign of the covenant “the sign that shows that the covenant exists” -GEN 17 11 s7vs 0 the sign Possible meanings are (1) “the sign” or (2) “a sign.” The first means that there was one sign, and the second means that there may have been more than one sign. Here the word “sign” means a reminder of something that God had promised. -GEN 17 12 t92x 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Abraham. -GEN 17 12 xpc8 0 Every male “Every human male” -GEN 17 12 ev7m 0 throughout your people’s generations “in every generation” -GEN 17 12 ed5x figs-activepassive 0 him who is bought with money This refers to slaves. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “any male that you buy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 17 13 fim6 figs-activepassive 0 my covenant will be in your flesh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will mark my covenant in your flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 17 13 ea1n 0 for an everlasting covenant “as a permanent covenant.” Because it was marked in flesh, no one could easily erase it. -GEN 17 14 lpi7 figs-activepassive 0 uncircumcised male who is not circumcised This can be stated in active form, and you may leave out words that will give wrong meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “male whom you have not circumcised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 17 14 any2 0 Any uncircumcised male…foreskin will be cut off from his people Possible meanings are (1) “I will cut off any uncircumcised male…foreskin from his people” or (2) “I want you to cut off any uncircumcised male…foreskin from his people.” -GEN 17 14 pi4v figs-euphemism 0 cut off from his people Possible meanings are (1) “killed” or (2) “sent away from the community.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 17 14 e2n7 0 He has broken my covenant “He has not obeyed the rules of my covenant.” This is the reason that he would be cut off from his people. -GEN 17 15 w67t 0 As for Sarai The words “As for” introduce the next person God talks about. -GEN 17 16 fpk7 0 I will give you a son by her “I will make her bear a son for you” -GEN 17 16 g1ax 0 she will become the mother of nations “she will be the ancestor of many nations” or “her descendants will become nations” -GEN 17 16 tb49 0 Kings of peoples will come from her “Kings of peoples will descend from her” or “Some of her descendants will be kings of peoples” -GEN 17 17 cx58 0 said in his heart “thought to himself” or “said to himself silently” -GEN 17 17 s8rv figs-rquestion 0 Can a child be born to a man who is a hundred years old? Abraham used this rhetorical question because he did not believe that this could happen. Alternate translation: “Surely a man who is a hundred years old cannot father a child!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 17 17 ewn1 figs-rquestion 0 How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son? Again Abraham used a rhetorical question because he did not believe this could happen. The phrase “who is ninety years old” tells why Abraham did not believe that Sarah could bear a son. Alternate translation: “Sarah is ninety years old. Could she bear a son?” or “Sarah is ninety years old. Surely she could not bear a son!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 17 18 bc1n 0 Oh that Ishmael might live before you “Please let Ishmael inherit the covenant that you have made with me” or “Perhaps Ishmael could receive your covenant blessing.” Abraham suggested something that he believed really could happen. -GEN 17 19 q8lt 0 No, but Sarah your wife will bear God said this to correct Abraham’s belief that Sarah could not have a son. -GEN 17 19 u9hq 0 you must name him The word “you” refers to Abraham. -GEN 17 20 l6cf 0 As for Ishmael The words “As for” show that God is switching from talking about the baby that would be born to talking about Ishmael. -GEN 17 20 fvb5 0 Behold “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” -GEN 17 20 e3g9 figs-idiom 0 will make him fruitful This is an idiom that means “will cause him to have many children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 17 20 y6m2 0 will multiply him abundantly “I will cause him to have many descendants” -GEN 17 20 ga2d 0 princes “chiefs” or “rulers.” Ishmael’s twelve sons are different from the twelve sons of Jacob who were the fathers of the twelve tribes of Israel. -GEN 17 21 rwv4 0 But my covenant I will establish with Isaac God returns to talking about his covenant with Abraham and emphasizes that he would fulfill his promise with Isaac, not with Ishmael. -GEN 17 22 m8vf 0 When he had finished talking with him “When God had finished talking with Abraham” -GEN 17 22 sw9y 0 God went up from Abraham “God left Abraham” -GEN 17 23 nxp3 0 every male among the men of Abraham’s household “every human male in Abraham’s household” or “every male person in Abraham’s household.” It refers to human males of all ages: babies, boys, and men. -GEN 17 27 rgk6 0 including those born into the household and those bought with money from a foreigner “This includes those who were born in his household and those he had bought from foreigners” -GEN 17 27 a2ym 0 those bought with money from a foreigner This refers to servants or slaves. -GEN 17 27 xq3b figs-activepassive 0 those bought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom he had bought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 18 intro ky5w 0 # Genesis 18 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Three men
The three men who visited Abraham were probably angels. This is evident from Abraham’s reaction to them. Also, it appears Abraham knew that he was speaking directly to Yahweh through these men. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/angel]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Disbelief
When Sarah heard the news that she was going to have a baby, she laughed in disbelief because she was considered too old to have a baby. She also asked a rhetorical question in order to further show her disbelief. This would have been considered an insult to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

In his exchange with God, Abraham did not show any sign of unbelief. Instead, he is asking God for mercy because he trusted in the character of God. He does not question God’s power to accomplish things as Sarah had done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Sarah’s age

It should be apparent that Sarah was physically no longer able to have children because of her age. There is a natural period in a woman’s life when she stops being able to have children. The text assumes the reader understands that Sarah has already experienced this event. In English, this is called “menopause.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 18 1 a3at 0 Mamre This was the name of the man who owned the oak trees. -GEN 18 1 ra4w 0 in the tent doorway “at the opening of the tent” or “at the entrance of the tent” -GEN 18 1 u27f 0 heat of the day “hottest time of day” -GEN 18 2 t35m 0 He looked up and, behold, he saw three men standing “He looked up and saw, and behold, three men were standing” -GEN 18 2 m2pv 0 behold, he saw “he was surprised because he saw” -GEN 18 2 xd3c 0 across from him “nearby” or “there.” They were near him, but far enough away for him to run to them. -GEN 18 2 ygs8 0 bowed This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. -GEN 18 3 cj7j 0 Lord This is a title of respect. Possible meanings are (1) Abraham knew that one of these men was God or (2) Abraham knew that these men came on behalf of God. -GEN 18 3 s5jg figs-idiom 0 if I have found favor in your sight Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that the Lord is pleased with him, and “your sight” is a metaphor representing the Lord’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “if you have evaluated me and approve” or “if you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 18 3 i86z figs-you 0 in your sight Abraham is speaking to one of the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 18 3 ie2s 0 do not pass by “please do not keep on going past” -GEN 18 3 s6nr 0 your servant “me.” Abraham refers to himself this way in order to show respect to his guest. -GEN 18 4 cs93 figs-activepassive 0 Let a little water be brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let me bring you some water” or “My servant will bring you some water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 18 4 r83u 0 a little water “some water.” Saying “little” was a polite way of showing generosity. Abraham would give them more than enough water. -GEN 18 4 c7uk 0 wash your feet This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long distances. -GEN 18 5 p5cn 0 a little food “some food.” Saying “little” was a polite way of showing generosity. Abraham would give them more than enough food. -GEN 18 5 rmc5 figs-you 0 your…you Abraham speaks to all three of the men, so “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 18 6 gl4c translate-bvolume 0 three seahs about 22 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) -GEN 18 6 sbt6 0 bread This bread was probably cooked quickly on a hot stone. It may have been flat or round like small loaves or rolls. -GEN 18 7 s4v8 0 he hurried “the servant hurried” -GEN 18 7 hp5s 0 to prepare it “to cut it up and roast it” -GEN 18 8 k6lz 0 curds This refers to the solid part of fermented milk. It may have been yogurt or cheese. -GEN 18 8 c4vs 0 the calf that had been prepared “the roasted calf” -GEN 18 8 pp29 0 before them “before the three visitors” -GEN 18 9 eq6d 0 They said to him “Then they said to Abraham” -GEN 18 10 gg9j 0 He said, “I will certainly return to you The word “He” refers to the man whom Abraham called “Lord” in [Genesis 18:3](../18/03.md). -GEN 18 10 iwn6 0 in the springtime “when this same season comes next year” or “about this time next year” -GEN 18 10 aas2 0 see The word “see” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 18 10 qvh9 0 in the tent doorway “at the opening of the tent” or “at the entrance of the tent” -GEN 18 12 u12x figs-rquestion 0 After I am worn-out and my master is old, will I now have this pleasure? You may want to add “of having a baby.” Sarah used this rhetorical question because she did not believe that she could have a child. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe that I will experience the joy of having a child. My master is also too old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 12 m2nn 0 my master is old This means “since my husband is also old.” -GEN 18 12 qrv3 0 my master This is a title of respect that Sarah gave to her husband Abraham. -GEN 18 13 dfs6 figs-rquestion 0 Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really bear a child, when I am old’? God used this rhetorical question to show that he knew what Sarah was thinking and that he was not pleased with it. He repeats Sarah’s rhetorical question ([Genesis 18:12](../18/12.md)) using different words. Alternate translation: “Sarah was wrong to laugh and say, ‘I will not bear a child because I am too old!’”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 14 i13f figs-123person 0 Is anything too hard for Yahweh? “Is there anything that Yahweh cannot do?” Yahweh speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else to remind Abraham that he, Yahweh, is great and can do anything. Alternate translation: “There is nothing that I, Yahweh, cannot do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 14 rd96 0 At the time appointed by me, in the spring “At the time I have appointed, which is in the spring” -GEN 18 15 fc88 0 Then Sarah denied it and said “The Sarah denied it by saying” -GEN 18 15 c49f 0 He replied “Yahweh replied” -GEN 18 15 pq5b 0 No, you did laugh “Yes, you did laugh.” This means “No, that is not true; you did in fact laugh.” -GEN 18 16 mtk2 0 to see them on their way “to send them on their way” or “to say ‘Farewell’ to them.” It was polite to go some distance with guests as they were leaving. -GEN 18 17 z943 figs-rquestion 0 Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do God used this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. Alternate translation: “I should not and will not hide from Abraham what I am about to do” or “I should and will tell Abraham what I am about to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 18 e6qk figs-rquestion 0 The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Should I hide” in verse 17 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 18 h854 figs-rquestion 0 since Abraham…in him? The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Should I hide” in verse 17 ends here. God uses this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. “I should not and will not hide…since Abraham in him.” or “I should and will tell…since Abraham in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 18 q36h 0 since…him? “This is because…him” -GEN 18 18 e9uw figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed in him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the nations of the earth through Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 18 18 i8b1 0 will be blessed in him “will be blessed because of Abraham” or “will be blessed because I have blessed Abraham.” For translating “in him” see how you translated “through you” in [Genesis 12:3](../12/03.md). -GEN 18 19 pxl9 0 that he may instruct “that he will direct” or “so that he will command” -GEN 18 19 cwm4 figs-123person 0 to keep the way of Yahweh…Yahweh may bring…he has said Yahweh is speaking about himself as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “to obey what I, Yahweh, require…I, Yahweh, may bring…I have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 18 19 ny3x 0 to keep the way of Yahweh “to obey the commands of Yahweh” -GEN 18 19 f8f7 0 to do righteousness and justice “by doing righteousness and justice.” This tells how to keep the way of Yahweh. -GEN 18 19 v4z4 0 so that Yahweh may bring upon Abraham what he has said to him “so that Yahweh may bless Abraham just as he said he would.” This refers to the covenant promise to bless Abraham and make him a great nation. -GEN 18 20 m237 figs-abstractnouns 0 the outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is so great This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “outcry” is expressed as the verb “accuse.” Alternate translation: “so many people have been accusing the people of Sodom and Gomorrah of doing evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 18 20 jp1b 0 their sin is so serious “they have sinned so much” -GEN 18 21 fb8x 0 I will now go down there “I will now go down to Sodom and Gomorrah” -GEN 18 21 lki8 0 go down there and see “go down there to find out” or “go down there to decide” -GEN 18 21 vp7m figs-abstractnouns 0 see the outcry…that has come to me Yahweh speaks as if he knew about this matter because he had heard the cries and accusations coming from the people who had suffered. This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “outcry” is expressed as the verb “accuse.” Alternate translation: “as wicked as those who are accusing them say that they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 18 21 vp4d 0 If not “If they are not as wicked as the outcry suggests” -GEN 18 22 ms2h 0 turned from there “went out from Abraham’s camp” -GEN 18 22 yxr6 0 Abraham remained standing before Yahweh “Abraham and Yahweh remained together” -GEN 18 23 b62y 0 approached and said “approached Yahweh and said” or “stepped closer to Yahweh and said” -GEN 18 23 g5he figs-metaphor 0 sweep away Abraham speaks of destroying people as if it were sweeping dirt with a broom. Alternate translation: “destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 18 23 awu4 0 the righteous with the wicked “the righteous people with the wicked people” -GEN 18 24 pb7k 0 General Information: Abraham continues talking to Yahweh. -GEN 18 24 h4eu 0 Perhaps there are “Suppose there are” -GEN 18 24 dz9j figs-rquestion 0 Will you sweep it away and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there? Abraham was hoping that Yahweh would say, “I will not sweep it away.” Alternate translation: “I think you would not sweep it away. Instead, you would spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 24 h8ks figs-metaphor 0 sweep it away “destroy it.” Abraham speaks of destroying people as if it were sweeping dirt with a broom. Alternate translation: “destroy the people who live there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 18 24 qq2a 0 not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there? Abraham was hoping that God would say “I will spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people there.” -GEN 18 24 d8ui 0 spare the place “let the people live” -GEN 18 24 zj59 0 for the sake of “because of” -GEN 18 25 rj5a figs-idiom 0 Far be it from you to do such a thing Here “Far be it from you” is an idiom that means the person should never do something like that. Alternate translation: “I would never want you to do something like that” or “You should not want to do something like that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 18 25 re6w 0 such a thing, killing “such a thing as killing” or “such a thing, that is, killing” -GEN 18 25 hqx8 figs-activepassive 0 the righteous should be treated the same as the wicked This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “you should treat the righteous the same way you treat the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 18 25 m329 figs-rquestion 0 Will not the Judge of all the earth do what is just? Abraham used this rhetorical question to say what he expected God to do. Alternate translation: “The Judge of all the earth will certainly do what is just!” or “Since you are the Judge of all the earth, you will surely do what is right!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 18 25 de6w 0 Judge God is often referred to as a judge because he is the one perfect judge who makes the final decisions about what is right or wrong. -GEN 18 27 dsz4 0 Look The phrase “Look” here draws attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 18 27 fax5 0 I have undertaken to speak “Pardon me for being so bold as to speak to you” or “Excuse me for daring to speak” -GEN 18 27 snd3 figs-123person 0 to my Lord Abraham shows his respect to Yahweh by speaking to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else. Alternate translation: “to you, my Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 18 27 ew9k figs-metaphor 0 only dust and ashes This metaphor describes Abraham as a human being, who will die and whose body will turn into to dust and ashes. Alternate translation: “only a mortal man” or “as unimportant as dust and ashes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 18 28 ln28 0 five less than fifty righteous “only forty-five righteous people” -GEN 18 28 zqs7 0 for lack of five “if there are five fewer righteous people” -GEN 18 28 n8tk 0 I will not destroy it “I will not destroy Sodom” -GEN 18 29 uj4n 0 He spoke to him “Abraham spoke to Yahweh” -GEN 18 29 hah3 figs-activepassive 0 if there are forty found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “if you find forty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 18 29 y28t figs-ellipsis 0 for the forty’s sake “for the sake of the forty” or “if I find forty there.” You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “for the sake of the forty righteous people” or “if I find forty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 18 29 nup9 0 He replied “Yahweh answered” -GEN 18 29 tyh3 0 I will not do it for the forty’s sake “I will not destroy the cities if I find forty righteous people there” -GEN 18 30 vk5m figs-activepassive 0 thirty will be found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “you will find thirty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 18 31 kep9 0 Look The phrase “Look” here draws attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 18 31 e1em 0 I have undertaken to speak “Pardon me for being so bold as to speak to you” or “Excuse me for daring to speak.” See how this is translated in [Genesis 18:27](../18/27.md). -GEN 18 31 un9p figs-activepassive 0 twenty will be found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “you will find twenty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 18 31 s4zn figs-ellipsis 0 for the twenty’s sake “for the sake of the twenty” or “if I find twenty there.” You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “for the sake of the twenty righteous people” or “if I find twenty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 18 32 a6tx 0 Perhaps ten will be found there “Perhaps you will find ten righteous people there” -GEN 18 32 q1p9 0 Perhaps ten “Perhaps ten righteous people” or “ten good people” -GEN 18 32 ak2y 0 Then he said “And Yahweh answered” -GEN 18 32 d335 0 for the ten’s sake “if I find ten righteous people there” -GEN 18 33 wum8 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh went on his way Here “went on his way” is an idiom that means he left, or he continued his journey. Yahweh appeared to Abraham in human form as a traveler. Alternate translation: “Yahweh departed” or “Yahweh continued on his journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 intro hb2x 0 # Genesis 19 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### The evil desires of the Sodomites
The men of Sodom desired to forcibly have sexual relations with the angels who came to the city appearing as men. Such action is known as “rape.” Their desire was viewed as especially evil because Lot was obligated to protect his guests at all costs, even that of sacrificing his own children for his guests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

### Hospitality
Hospitality, or being kind to a visitor, was very important in the Ancient Near East. Lot showed his guests loyalty by doing his utmost to protect them from the people of Sodom.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Contrasts
It is probable that Abraham’s faith and actions in chapter 18 are intended to contrast with the actions of the worldly Sodomites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) -GEN 19 1 uh7h 0 The two angels The two men who have gone to Sodom ([Genesis 18:22](../18/22.md)) are really angels. -GEN 19 1 b4sb 0 the gate of Sodom “the entrance to the city of Sodom.” The city had a wall around it, and people had to go through a gate to get into it. This was a very important place in a city. Important people often spent time there. -GEN 19 1 ny92 0 bowed down with his face to the ground He put his knees on the ground then touched his forehead and nose to the ground. -GEN 19 2 t9qp 0 my masters This was a term of respect Lot used for the angels. -GEN 19 2 egr4 0 I urge you to turn aside into your servant’s house “Please come and stay in your servant’s house” -GEN 19 2 w78p figs-123person 0 your servant’s house Lot refers to himself as their servant in order to show them respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 19 2 sp4m 0 wash your feet People liked to wash their feet after traveling. -GEN 19 2 sb2f 0 rise up early “wake up early” -GEN 19 2 a65m figs-exclusive 0 we will spend the night When the two angels said this, they were referring only to themselves, not to Lot. The two of them planned to spend the night in the square. Some languages would use the exclusive form of “we” here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 19 2 r62b 0 town square This is a public, outdoor place in the town. -GEN 19 3 vnk8 0 they went with him “they turned and went with him” -GEN 19 4 lc42 0 before they lay down “before the people in Lot’s house lay down to go to sleep” -GEN 19 4 iw1t 0 the men of the city, the men of Sodom “the men of the city, that is, the men of Sodom” or just “the men of the city of Sodom” -GEN 19 4 gyq4 0 the house “Lot’s house” -GEN 19 4 vqe5 0 both young and old “from the youngest to the oldest.” This means “men of all ages” and refers to the men of Sodom who were surrounding Lot’s house. -GEN 19 5 cu4h 0 that came in to you “that went into your house” -GEN 19 5 jfu1 figs-euphemism 0 we may know them These words literally mean “we may know who they are,” but the men meant them as a euphemism for “we may have sexual relations with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 6 k84s 0 after himself “behind him” or “after he went through” -GEN 19 7 tg28 0 I beg you, my brothers “I plead with you, my brothers” -GEN 19 7 s55m figs-idiom 0 my brothers Lot spoke in a friendly way to the men of the city hoping that they would listen to him. Alternate translation: “my friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 7 ur1w 0 do not act so wickedly “do not do something so wicked” or “do not do such a wicked thing” -GEN 19 8 bc5c 0 Look “Pay attention” or “Look here” -GEN 19 8 pb1n figs-euphemism 0 who have not known any man This is a polite way of saying that the daughters had not had sexual relations with any man. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated similar words in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 8 jn4w 0 whatever is good in your eyes “whatever you desire” or “whatever you think is right” -GEN 19 8 nig7 figs-synecdoche 0 under the shadow of my roof The two men were guests in Lot’s home, so he needed to protect them. The word “roof” is a synecdoche for the whole house and a metaphor for Lot protecting them. Alternate translation: “into my house, and God expects me to protect them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 9 k7mf 0 Stand back! “Step aside!” or “Get out of our way!” -GEN 19 9 sgx9 0 This one came here to live as a foreigner “This one came here as an outsider” or “This foreigner came to live here” -GEN 19 9 ym7y 0 This one “Lot.” The men are speaking to each other. If this would be unclear in your language, you may have the men speak to Lot here, as in UST. -GEN 19 9 c9uq figs-idiom 0 and now The speaker would not expect a foreigner to judge the people of that land. Alternate translation: “but even though he has no good reason to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 9 sa6c figs-idiom 0 he has become our judge Here “has become our judge” is an idiom that means Lot is acting as if he can tell the men what actions are right or wrong. Alternate translation: “he acts as if he has the authority to tell us what is right and what is wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 9 x79u 0 Now we “Because you are telling us that what we are doing is wrong, we” -GEN 19 9 xi8x figs-idiom 0 we will deal worse with you than with them The men are angry that Lot said, “Do not act so wickedly” ([Genesis 19:7](../19/07.md)), so they are threatening to act more wickedly than Lot had feared at first. Alternate translation: “we will act more wickedly with you than we will with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 9 gdw3 0 They pressed hard against the man, against Lot, and came near to break down the door Possible meanings are (1) “They kept coming closer to the man, to Lot, until they were close enough to break down the door” or (2) they physically pushed Lot up against the wall or door of the house and were about to break the door down. -GEN 19 9 q8f7 0 the man…Lot This is two ways of referring to Lot. -GEN 19 10 u4re 0 But the men “But Lot’s two guests” or “But the two angels” -GEN 19 10 ri1g figs-explicit 0 the men reached out their hands and brought…them and shut Your language may need to add that the men opened the door first. Alternate translation: ‘the men opened the door far enough so they could reach out their hands and pull…them, and then they shut” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 11 urq7 figs-metaphor 0 Lot’s visitors struck with blindness the men The phrase “struck with blindness” is a metaphor; the visitors did not physically hit the men. Alternate translation: “Lot’s visitors blinded the men” or “they took away their sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 11 kg3g figs-merism 0 both young and old “men of all ages.” This merism emphasizes that the visitors blinded all the men. This could indicate social standing rather than age. Alternate translation: “both small and great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 19 12 zat4 0 Then the men said “Then the two men said” or “Then the angels said” -GEN 19 12 pl2x 0 Do you have anyone else here? “Are there any other members of your family in the city?” or “Do you have any other family members in this place?” -GEN 19 12 k1l8 0 whoever you have in the city “any other members of your family living in this city” -GEN 19 13 zq54 figs-exclusive 0 we are about to destroy The word “we” here is exclusive. Only the two angels would destroy the city; Lot would not destroy it. If your language has an exclusive form of “we,” use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 19 13 q8rc figs-abstractnouns 0 the accusations against it before Yahweh have become so loud This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “accusations” is expressed as a verb. See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 18:20](../18/20.md). Alternate translation: “so many people have been telling Yahweh that the people of this city are doing evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 19 14 pd6h 0 Lot went out “So Lot left the house” -GEN 19 14 cb3j figs-parallelism 0 his sons-in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters The phrase “the men who had promised to marry his daughters” explains what “sons-in-law” means here. Alternate translation: “the men who were going to marry his daughters” or “his daughters’ fiancés” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 19 15 ch9a 0 When the morning dawned “Just before the sun came up” -GEN 19 15 r4pf 0 Get going “Go now” -GEN 19 15 ta9n figs-activepassive 0 you are not swept away in the punishment of the city This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so Yahweh does not also destroy you when he punishes the people of this city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 19 15 nd8n figs-metaphor 0 not swept away in the punishment God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping away dust. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 15 s4jw figs-metonymy 0 of the city Here “city” stands for the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 19 16 jp9l 0 But he lingered “But Lot hesitated” or “But Lot did not start to leave” -GEN 19 16 sa45 0 So the men grabbed “So the two men grabbed” or “So the angels grabbed” -GEN 19 16 jl9w 0 was merciful to him “had compassion on Lot.” Yahweh is described as being “merciful” because he was sparing the lives of Lot and his family instead of destroying them when he destroyed the people of Sodom for the wrong they had done. -GEN 19 17 z72f 0 When they had brought them out “When the two men had brought Lot’s family out” -GEN 19 17 is11 figs-idiom 0 Run for your lives! This is a way of telling them to run so that they do not die. Alternate translation: “Run away and save your lives!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 17 wpz3 figs-ellipsis 0 Do not look back The phrase “at the city” is understood. Alternate translation: “Do not look back at the city” or “Do not look back at Sodom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 19 17 hx63 0 on the plain This means the plain of the Jordan River. This refers to the general region of the Jordan River. -GEN 19 17 n2if figs-ellipsis 0 so you are not swept away It is understood that they would swept away with the people of the city. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “or else God will destroy you along with the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 19 17 c7y3 figs-metaphor 0 not swept away God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping away dust. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 19 q7pm figs-idiom 0 Your servant has found favor in your eyes The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “You have been pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 19 zq9l figs-123person 0 Your servant has Lot was showing respect by referring to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “I, your servant, have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 19 19 hc7t figs-abstractnouns 0 you have shown me great kindness in saving my life The abstract noun “kindness” can be stated as “kind.” Alternate translation: “you have been very kind to me by saving my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 19 19 i5uv figs-personification 0 I cannot escape to the mountains, because the disaster will overtake me, and I will die Being unable to get far enough away from Sodom when God destroys the city is spoken of as if “disaster” is a person that will chase and catch up with Lot. Alternate translation: “My family and I will certainly die when God destroys the people of Sodom, because the mountains are too far away for us to get there safely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 19 19 q5le figs-explicit 0 my life…I cannot escape…overtake me, and I will die It is implied that Lot’s family would die along with him. Alternate translation: “our lives…we cannot escape…overtake us, and we will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 20 m8z1 figs-rquestion 0 let me escape there (is it not a little one?), and my life will be saved Lot used this rhetorical question to get the angels to notice that the city really is a small one. Alternate translation: “let me escape there. You can see how small it is. If you let us go there we will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 19 20 c93m figs-explicit 0 let me escape there Lot’s full request can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “instead of destroying that city, let me escape there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 20 yx21 figs-explicit 0 my life will be saved It is implied that the lives of Lot’s family will be saved along with his. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that we will live” or “so that we will survive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 19 21 x14h 0 I am granting this request also “I will do what you have asked” -GEN 19 22 np4e figs-explicit 0 cannot do anything This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “cannot destroy the other cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 22 y7sj 0 Zoar Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Zoar sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘little.’ Lot called this town ‘little’ in Genesis 19:20.” -GEN 19 23 z84a figs-explicit 0 The sun had risen upon the earth “The sun had risen over the earth.” The phrase “upon the earth” can be left implicit as it is in the UST where it is not translated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 23 zhv3 figs-explicit 0 when Lot reached Zoar It is implied that Lot’s family is with him. Alternate translation: “when Lot and his family arrived at Zoar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 24 f7cp figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky The phrase “from Yahweh” stands for God’s power to cause the sulfur and fire to fall on the city. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused sulfur and fire to fall from the sky onto Sodom and Gomorrah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 19 24 c8se figs-hendiadys 0 sulfur and fire These two words are used together to describe one object. Alternate translation: “burning sulfur” or “fiery rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) -GEN 19 25 ubh2 0 those cities This refers primarily to Sodom and Gomorrah, but also to three other towns. -GEN 19 25 kx2i 0 the inhabitants of the cities “the people who lived in the cities” -GEN 19 26 pf2p 0 she became a pillar of salt “she became like a statue of salt” or “her body became like a tall stone of salt.” Because she disobeyed the angel who told them not to look back at the city, God caused her to become something like a statue made out of rock salt. -GEN 19 28 zp8y 0 behold The word “behold” draws attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 19 28 p62z figs-simile 0 like the smoke of a furnace This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: “like the smoke from a very large fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 19 29 vag9 0 General Information: Verse 29 is a summary of this chapter. -GEN 19 29 tj4d figs-idiom 0 God called Abraham to mind This tells why God rescued Lot. To “call to mind” is a way of saying “remember.” This does not imply that God forgot about Abraham. It means he considered Abraham and had mercy on him. Alternate translation: “God thought about Abraham and had mercy on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 19 29 h1uq 0 out of the midst of the destruction “away from the destruction” or “away from danger” -GEN 19 30 p16k 0 Lot went up from Zoar to live in the mountains The phrase “went up from” is used because Lot went to a higher elevation in the mountains. -GEN 19 31 me8w figs-nominaladj 0 The firstborn…the younger Here “firstborn” and “younger” are nominal adjectives that refer to Lot’s two daughters according to their birth order. Alternate translation: “Lot’s first daughter…Lot’s last daughter” or “The older daughter…the younger daughter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 19 31 xk1x figs-euphemism 0 to lie with us These words are a euphemism for sexual relations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 31 fm8h figs-metonymy 0 according to the way of all the world Here “the world” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “as people everywhere do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 19 32 tlh6 figs-explicit 0 drink wine It can be made explicit that their goal was to get him drunk. Alternate translation: “drink wine until he gets drunk” or “get drunk with wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 32 cr2n figs-euphemism 0 we will lie with him To “lie with” someone is a euphemism for having sexual relations with that person. Alternate translation: “we will have sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 32 j57q figs-metaphor 0 so that we may extend our father’s line This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: “so that we can bear children who will be our father’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 33 ufz5 figs-euphemism 0 lay with her father This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:”had sexual relations with her father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 33 r7ai figs-euphemism 0 when she lay down Possible meanings are (1) these words are literal, a complement to “when she got up,” or (2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: “when she had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 34 pyk6 0 Let us make him drink wine…father’s line See how you translated these phrases in [Genesis 19:32](./32.md). -GEN 19 34 mb9p figs-explicit 0 drink wine It can be made explicit that their goal was to get him drunk. Alternate translation: “drink wine until he gets drunk” or “get drunk with wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 19 34 qf2v figs-metaphor 0 so that we may extend our father’s line This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: “so that we can bear children who will be our father’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 19 35 hm3h 0 So they made…or when she got up See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 19:33](./33.md). -GEN 19 35 l4nj figs-euphemism 0 lay with him This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:”had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 35 x62y figs-euphemism 0 when she lay down Possible meanings are (1) these words are literal, a complement to “when she got up,” or (2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. See how these words are translated in [Genesis 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: “when she had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 19 36 bq86 0 were pregnant by their father “became pregnant by their father” or “conceived children with their father” -GEN 19 37 ur5a 0 He became “He is” -GEN 19 37 u4u4 0 the Moabites of today “the Moab people who are now living” -GEN 19 37 lre9 0 of today The word “today” refers to the time when the author of Genesis was living. The author was born and wrote this many years after Lot’s family lived and died. -GEN 19 38 tbc3 translate-names 0 Ben-Ammi This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 19 38 kpi7 0 the people of Ammon “the descendants of Ammon” or “the Ammon people” -GEN 20 intro m5j1 0 # Genesis 20 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### “She is my sister”
Abraham was afraid the people of Gerar would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abraham’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Irony
Abraham believed that the people of Gerar did not fear Yahweh, but when confronted by Yahweh, the king showed that he feared Yahweh. Instead, it was Abraham who did not show any fear of Yahweh when he sinned. This is irony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -GEN 20 1 pym2 translate-names 0 Shur This is a desert region on the eastern border of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 20 2 zga1 0 sent for Sarah and took her “made his men go get Sarah and bring her to him” -GEN 20 3 v444 0 God came to Abimelech “God appeared to Abimelech” -GEN 20 3 tme7 0 Behold “pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: “ -GEN 20 3 x7kr figs-idiom 0 you are a dead man This is a strong way of saying the king will die. Alternate translation: “you will certainly die soon” or “I will kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 20 3 l852 0 a man’s wife “a married woman” -GEN 20 4 cxb7 writing-background 0 Now…her This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Abimelech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 20 4 nbq2 figs-euphemism 0 Abimelech had not come near her This is a polite way of saying he did not have sex with her. Alternate translation: “Abimelech had not slept with Sarah” or “Abimelech had not touched Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 20 4 gxv9 figs-metonymy 0 even a righteous nation Here “nation” stands for the people. Abimelech is worried that God will punish not only him, but his people also. Alternate translation: “even a people who are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 5 a3jr figs-quotesinquotes 0 Did he not himself say to me, ‘She is my sister?’ Even she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ This has quotations within a quotation. They can be stated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: “Did he himself not tell me that she is his sister? Even she herself told me that he is her brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 20 5 c4vt figs-rquestion 0 Did he not himself say to me, ‘She is my sister?’ Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind God of something God already knew. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Abraham himself told me, ‘She is my sister.’” or “Abraham said that she is his sister.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 20 5 lx3l figs-rpronouns 0 Did he not himself say…Even she herself The words “he himself” and “she herself” are used for emphasis to bring attention to Abraham and Sarah and to blame them for what happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) -GEN 20 5 ey19 figs-metonymy 0 I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands Here “heart” stands for his thoughts or intentions. Also “hands” stands for his actions. Alternate translation: “I have done this with good intentions and actions” or “I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 6 b1a5 0 God said to him “God said to Abimelech” -GEN 20 6 r797 figs-metonymy 0 in the integrity of your heart you did this Here “heart” stands for his thoughts or intentions. Alternate translation: “you did this with good intentions” or “you did this without evil intentions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 6 fkd2 figs-euphemism 0 to touch her This is a euphemism for having sex with Sarah. Alternate translation: “to sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 20 7 x37f 0 the man’s wife “Abraham’s wife” -GEN 20 7 e8qh 0 you will live “I will let you live” -GEN 20 7 nj49 0 all who are yours “all of your people” -GEN 20 8 egv2 0 He told all these things to them “He told them everything that God had told him” -GEN 20 9 vne4 figs-rquestion 0 What have you done to us? Abimelech used this rhetorical question to accuse Abraham. Alternate translation: “You have done something bad to us!” or “Look what you have done to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 20 9 s7b5 figs-exclusive 0 to us The word “us” here is exclusive and does not include Abraham and Sarah. If your language uses an exclusive form of “we” or “us,” use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 20 9 za1f figs-rquestion 0 How have I sinned against you, that you have brought…sin? Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind Abraham that he had not sinned against Abraham. Alternate translation: “I have done nothing against you to cause you to bring…sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 20 9 jp85 figs-metaphor 0 that you have brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin To cause someone to be guilty of sinning is spoken of as if “sin” was a thing that could be placed on a person. Alternate translation: “that you should make me and my kingdom guilty of such a terrible sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 20 9 e4jh figs-metonymy 0 on my kingdom Here “kingdom” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “on the people of my kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 9 x8wm 0 You have done to me that which ought not to be done “You should not have done this to me” -GEN 20 10 qyr8 figs-explicit 0 What prompted you to do this thing? “What caused you to do this?” or “Why did you do this?” What Abraham did can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Why did you tell me that Sarah is your sister?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 20 11 gvr3 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Because I thought, ‘Surely there is no fear of God in this place, and they will kill me because of my wife.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Because I thought that since no one here fears God, someone may kill me so they can take my wife.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 20 11 nei7 figs-metonymy 0 no fear of God in this place Here “place” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “no one here in Gerar fears God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 11 y87a 0 fear of God This means to deeply respect God and show that respect by obeying him. -GEN 20 12 p538 0 Besides, she is indeed my sister “Also, it is true that Sarah is my sister” or “Also, Sarah really is my sister” -GEN 20 12 ml6b 0 the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother “we have the same father, but we have different mothers” -GEN 20 13 ktu6 0 General Information: Verse 13 is a continuation of Abraham’s answer to Abimelech. -GEN 20 13 e2ep figs-metonymy 0 my father’s house Here “house” stands for Abraham’s family. Alternate translation: “my father and the rest of my family” or “my father’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 20 13 jl8s figs-quotesinquotes 0 I said to her, ‘You must show me this faithfulness as my wife: At every place where we go, say about me, “He is my brother.”’ This has quotations within quotations. They can be stated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: “I said to Sarah that I wanted her to be faithful to me by telling people everywhere we go that I am her brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 20 14 sh8w 0 Abimelech took “Abimelech brought some” -GEN 20 15 d1fq 0 Abimelech said “Abimelech said to Abraham” -GEN 20 15 f45t 0 Look “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important” -GEN 20 15 pv15 figs-idiom 0 my land is before you This is a way of saying “I make all of my land available to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 20 15 ch6w 0 Settle wherever it pleases you “Live wherever you want” -GEN 20 16 u7bg translate-numbers 0 a thousand “1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 20 16 tv82 figs-metaphor 0 It is to cover any offense against you in the eyes of all who are with you Giving money to prove to others that Sarah is innocent is spoken of as if he is placing a cover over an offense so no one can see it. Alternate translation: “I am giving this to him, so that those who are with you will know that you have done nothing wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 20 16 gpn5 figs-metaphor 0 in the eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the opinion” or “in the judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 20 16 id4c figs-activepassive 0 before everyone, you are completely made right The passive phrase “made right” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everyone will know that you are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 20 18 wr3n 0 completely infertile “totally unable to have children” -GEN 20 18 z9nv figs-explicit 0 because of Sarah, Abraham’s wife The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “because Abimelech had taken Abraham’s wife Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 intro cru4 0 # Genesis 21 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Sarah’s anger
After Sarah was able to have her own child, and he survived infancy, she began to get angry with Abraham’s other son, Ishmael. He would have been a constant reminder of her own sin. God blessed Ishmael, but he was not able to inherit the promises given to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Abandoning Ishmael
According to the law at this time, Hagar was able to gain her freedom from slavery by abandoning any claim to receive an inheritance. This is why Hagar would have abandoned her son under the tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Treaty
The Gentile king, Abimelech, made a covenant or treaty with Abraham. It is possible that he did this because he recognized the power of Abraham’s God, but his exact reasons are unknown. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -GEN 21 1 f988 figs-explicit 0 Yahweh paid attention to Sarah Here the phrase “paid attention to” refers to Yahweh helping Sarah have a baby. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 2 waa9 0 bore a son to Abraham “gave birth to Abraham’s son” -GEN 21 2 xm5n 0 in his old age “when Abraham was very old” -GEN 21 2 ud3d 0 at the set time of which God had spoken to him “at the exact time that God had told him it would happen” -GEN 21 3 gbc9 0 Abraham named his son, the one who had been born to him, whom Sarah bore to him, Isaac “Abraham named his newborn son, the one Sarah gave birth to, Isaac” or “Abraham named their newborn son Isaac” -GEN 21 4 wzz8 0 Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when he was eight days old “When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him” -GEN 21 4 g3m9 translate-numbers 0 eight days “8 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 21 4 pp61 0 had commanded him “had commanded Abraham to do” -GEN 21 5 j1u3 translate-numbers 0 one hundred “100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 21 6 nu7q figs-explicit 0 God has made me laugh Sarah was laughing because she was surprised and happy. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “God has caused me to laugh joyfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 6 ns7b figs-explicit 0 every one who hears What people would hear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “everyone who hears about what God has done for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 7 t9ue figs-rquestion 0 Who would have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one would have ever said to Abraham that Sarah will nurse children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 21 7 hs12 figs-euphemism 0 nurse children This is a polite way of referring to breast-feeding babies. Alternate translation: “feed a baby her own milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 21 8 dp3y figs-euphemism 0 The child grew and…Isaac was weaned “Wean” here is a polite way of saying the child was finished with breast feeding. Alternate translation: “Isaac grew, and when he no longer needed his mother’s milk, Abraham had a large feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 21 9 mm9v figs-explicit 0 the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham The name of Hagar’s son can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Ishmael, the son of Hagar the Egyptian and Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 9 d73k figs-explicit 0 mocking It can be stated explicitly that he was jeering or laughing at Isaac. Alternate translation: “laughing at Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 10 t7tn 0 she said to Abraham “Sarah said to Abraham” -GEN 21 10 y4le 0 Drive out “send away” or “get rid of” -GEN 21 10 n7ry 0 this slave woman and her son This refers to Hagar and Ishmael. Sarah probably did not refer to them by name because she was angry with them. -GEN 21 10 jrm9 0 with my son, with Isaac “with my son Isaac” -GEN 21 11 b5qj 0 This thing was very grievous to Abraham “Abraham was very unhappy about what Sarah said” -GEN 21 11 bb4j figs-explicit 0 because of his son “because it was about his son.” It is implied that this means his son, Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 12 r6u6 0 Do not be grieved because of the lad, and because of your servant woman “Do not be upset about the boy and your handmaid” -GEN 21 12 t2a7 0 Listen to her words in all she says to you about this matter “Do everything that Sarah says to you about them” -GEN 21 12 wzl5 figs-activepassive 0 it is through Isaac that your descendants will be named The phrase “will be named” means those born through Isaac are the ones God considers to be the descendants that he promised Abraham. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Isaac is the one who will be the forefather of the descendants I promised to give you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 21 13 k7jw figs-metonymy 0 I will also make the son of the servant woman into a nation The word “nation” means God will give him many descendants so that they become a great nation of people. Alternate translation: “I will make the servant woman’s son also become the father of a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 21 14 u9q1 figs-synecdoche 0 took bread Possible meanings are (1) this refers to food in general or (2) this refers to bread specifically. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 21 14 hbx9 0 a skin of water “a bag of water.” The water container was made out of animal skin. -GEN 21 15 ad5u 0 When the water in the waterskin was gone “When the water bag was empty” or “When they had drank all of the water” -GEN 21 16 z7c3 0 about the distance of a bowshot away This refers to the distance that a person could shoot an arrow with a bow. This is about 100 meters. -GEN 21 16 kuh9 figs-abstractnouns 0 Let me not look upon the death of the child The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “die.” Alternate translation: “I do not want to watch the boy die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 21 16 i8r8 figs-metonymy 0 she lifted up her voice and wept Here “voice” stands for the sound of her crying. To “life up her voice” means to cry loudly. Alternate translation: “she cried out loudly and wept” or “she wept loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 21 17 y2cd figs-metonymy 0 the voice of the lad “the boy’s voice.” Here “voice” stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate translation: “the sound of Ishmael” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 21 17 swz4 0 the angel of God “a messenger from God” or “God’s messenger” -GEN 21 17 nh6r 0 out of heaven Here “heaven” means the place where God lives. -GEN 21 17 usq5 0 What troubles you “What is wrong” or “Why are you crying” -GEN 21 17 bx2t figs-metonymy 0 the voice of the lad where he is Here “voice” stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate translation: “the sound of the boy lying over there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 21 18 n4hf 0 raise up the lad “help the boy stand up” -GEN 21 18 ifp4 figs-metonymy 0 I will make him into a great nation To make Ishmael into a great nation means God will give him many descendants who will become a great nation. Alternate translation: “I will make his descendants become a great nation” or “I will make him become the ancestor of a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 21 19 kqh4 figs-metaphor 0 God opened her eyes, and she saw God making Hagar aware of the well is spoken of as if he literally opened her eyes. Alternate translation: “God caused Hagar to see” or “God showed her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 21 19 l527 0 the skin “the container made of skin” or “the bag” -GEN 21 19 q3fh 0 the lad “the boy” or “Ishmael” -GEN 21 20 i9tw figs-idiom 0 God was with the lad Here the phrase “was with” is an idiom that means God helped or blessed the boy. Alternate translation: “God guided the boy” or “God blessed the boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 21 20 dwr6 0 became an archer “became very skilled at using a bow and arrows” -GEN 21 21 nwf2 0 got a wife “found a wife” -GEN 21 22 d7es writing-newevent 0 It came about at that time This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 21 22 sx3y translate-names 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 21 22 fg4b 0 captain of his army “commander of his army” -GEN 21 22 j5ga 0 his army The word “his” refers to Abimelech. -GEN 21 22 ed3j figs-idiom 0 God is with you in all that you do Here the phrase “is with you” is an idiom that means God helps or blesses Abraham. Alternate translation: “God blesses everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 21 23 s6v8 figs-explicit 0 Now therefore The word “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. Alternate translation: “Therefore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 21 23 le59 figs-idiom 0 swear to me here by God This is an idiom meaning to make a solemn oath witnessed by a higher authority, in this instance, God. Alternate translation: “promise me with God as your witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 21 23 du1c 0 that you will not deal falsely with me “that you will not lie to me” -GEN 21 23 z3n7 figs-doublenegatives 0 will not deal falsely…with my descendants This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “will deal honestly with me and my descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 21 23 s3ki figs-abstractnouns 0 Show to me…covenant faithfulness that I have shown to you The two men had made a covenant with each other. The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “loyal.” Alternate translation: “Be as faithful to me and to the land as I have been to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 21 23 cj4i figs-metonymy 0 to the land Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “to the people of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 21 24 s11p figs-ellipsis 0 I swear This can be stated with the understood information. Alternate translation: “I swear to be as faithful to you and your people as you have been to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 21 25 v44s 0 Abraham also complained to Abimelech Possible meanings are (1) Abraham was complaining about what happened or (2) “Abraham also rebuked Abimelech” -GEN 21 25 ph9l 0 concerning a well of water that Abimelech’s servants had seized from him “because Abimelech’s servants had taken one of Abraham’s wells” -GEN 21 25 t12g 0 seized from him “taken from Abraham” or “had taken control of” -GEN 21 26 i3se 0 I have not heard of it until today “This is the first time I have heard about it” -GEN 21 27 ruw8 translate-symaction 0 Abraham took sheep and oxen and gave them to Abimelech This is a sign of friendship and that Abraham agrees to make covenant with Abimelech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 21 28 jy7m 0 Abraham set seven female lambs of the flock by themselves “Abraham separated seven female lambs from the flock” -GEN 21 29 tqa1 0 What is the meaning of these seven female lambs that you have set by themselves? “Why have you separated these seven lambs from the flock?” -GEN 21 30 t7mt 0 you will receive “you will take” -GEN 21 30 mf9f figs-synecdoche 0 from my hand Here “hand” stands for Abraham. Alternate translation: “from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 21 30 z8ku 0 it may be a witness The word “it” refers to the gift of seven lambs. -GEN 21 30 k965 figs-abstractnouns 0 so that it may be a witness for me The abstract noun “witness” can be stated as “to prove.” Alternate translation: “to prove to everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 21 31 fs2d 0 he called that place “Abraham called that place” -GEN 21 31 nln8 0 Beersheba Translators may add a footnote saying “Beersheba can mean either “well of the oath” or “well of seven.” -GEN 21 31 uup5 0 they both “Abraham and Abimelech” -GEN 21 32 nu8h 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). -GEN 21 33 nb3h translate-unknown 0 a tamarisk tree This is an evergreen tree that can grow in the desert. It can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 21 33 hss3 0 the eternal God “the God who lives forever” -GEN 21 34 q54a 0 many days “for a long time” -GEN 22 intro eq6l 0 # Genesis 22 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Sacrificing his son
Although Isaac was not Abraham’s only son, he was the son who was to inherit Abraham’s promised blessings. It is possible this parallels God’s actual sacrifice of his son, Jesus, for the sins of man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### Covenant affirmation
After important events, it is common for Scripture to affirm the tenants of a covenant. This serves as a reminder of the covenant and affirms it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God tests Abraham
Extra care should be taken when translating “testing.” It is best to avoid using the same word used for “tempting” even though they overlap in meaning. This is because Scripture also says God does not tempt anyone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tempt]] and [James 2:13](../../jas/02/13.md)) -GEN 22 1 v5l5 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 22 1 l21s 0 after these things This phrase refers to the events in chapter 21. -GEN 22 1 n2k1 figs-explicit 0 God tested Abraham It is implied that God tests Abraham to learn if Abraham will be faithful to him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: God tested Abraham’s faithfulness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 1 wmg9 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” -GEN 22 2 riw5 figs-explicit 0 your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “your only son whom I have promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 2 wi8g 0 whom you love This emphasizes Abraham’s love for his son, Isaac. -GEN 22 2 f7eh translate-names 0 the land of Moriah “the land called Moriah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 22 3 t9yx 0 saddled his donkey “loaded his donkey” or “put on his donkey what he needed for the journey” -GEN 22 3 yed4 0 young men “servants” -GEN 22 3 u1yy 0 set out on his journey “started his journey” or “started traveling” -GEN 22 4 rp2j translate-ordinal 0 On the third day The word “third” is the ordinal number for three. Alternate translation: “After traveling for three days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 22 4 wqd9 0 saw the place afar off “saw far away the place that God had spoken of” -GEN 22 5 n287 0 young men “servants” -GEN 22 5 fay2 figs-exclusive 0 We will worship The word “we” refers only to Abraham and Isaac, but not to the young men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 22 5 h4ur 0 come again to you “return to you” -GEN 22 6 hdf8 0 put it on Isaac his son “had Isaac, his son, carry it” -GEN 22 6 kw2g figs-synecdoche 0 He took in his own hand Here “his own hand” emphasizes that Abraham himself carried these things. Alternate translation: “Abraham himself carried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 22 6 lj2s figs-synecdoche 0 the fire Here “fire” stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. Alternate translation: “something for starting a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 22 6 v6yy 0 they went both of them together “they left together” or “the two of them went together” -GEN 22 7 h248 0 My father This is a loving way for a son to speak to his father. -GEN 22 7 j9ph 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). -GEN 22 7 vf73 0 my son This is a loving way for a father to speak to his son. -GEN 22 7 m2y2 figs-synecdoche 0 the fire Here “fire” stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:6](../22/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 22 7 eb9g 0 the lamb for the burnt offering “the lamb that you will give as a burnt offering” -GEN 22 8 w7zp figs-rpronouns 0 God himself Here “himself” emphasizes that it is God who will provide the lamb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) -GEN 22 8 p2wc 0 will provide “will give us” -GEN 22 9 yn6m 0 When they came to the place “When Abraham and Isaac arrived at the place” -GEN 22 9 x21f 0 he bound “he tied up” -GEN 22 9 g9i8 0 on the altar, on top of the wood “on top of the wood that was on the altar” -GEN 22 10 a5eg 0 reached out with his hand and took up the knife “picked up the knife” -GEN 22 11 d82r 0 the angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). -GEN 22 11 yu4c 0 from heaven This refers to the place where God lives. -GEN 22 11 w9zz 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). -GEN 22 12 m8d6 figs-idiom 0 Do not lay your hand upon the lad, nor do anything to harm him The phrase “Do no lay your hand upon” is a way of saying “do not harm.” God said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that Abraham should not hurt Isaac. Alternate translation: “Do not hurt the boy in any way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 22 12 n4c5 0 now I know…from me The words “I” and “me” refer to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the words “I” and “me” when referring to Yahweh. -GEN 22 12 n8sb 0 you fear God This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. -GEN 22 12 rcz2 0 seeing that “because I see that” -GEN 22 12 nh8u figs-doublenegatives 0 you have not withheld your son…from me “you have not held back your son…from me.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you were willing to offer your son…to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 22 12 yqd1 figs-explicit 0 your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 13 n7b6 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 22 13 qy8n figs-activepassive 0 was a ram caught in the bushes by his horns This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “was a ram whose horns were stuck in the bushes” or “was a ram stuck in the bushes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 22 13 i7l2 0 went and took the ram “Abraham went over to the ram and took it” -GEN 22 14 fk9q 0 will provide…will be provided Use the same word for “provide” as you used in [Genesis 22:8](../22/08.md). -GEN 22 14 cbx8 0 to this day “even now.” This means even to the time that the author was writing this book. -GEN 22 14 qmx7 figs-activepassive 0 it will be provided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will provide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 22 15 qcn7 0 The angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “The angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). -GEN 22 15 aa8z translate-ordinal 0 a second time The word “second” is the ordinal number for two. Alternate translation: “again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 22 15 e8jz 0 from heaven Here the word “heaven” refers to the place where God lives. -GEN 22 16 t7gg 0 said—this is Yahweh’s declaration “spoke this message from Yahweh” or “declared these words of Yahweh.” This is a formal way of saying that the words that follow come directly from Yahweh. -GEN 22 16 p814 0 by myself I have sworn “I have promised and I am my witness.” To swear means to use the name of something or someone as the basis or power on which the oath is made. There is nothing more powerful for Yahweh to swear by than himself. -GEN 22 16 une6 0 you have done this thing “you obeyed me” -GEN 22 16 jc1a figs-doublenegatives 0 have not withheld your son “have not kept back your son.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “were willing to offer your son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 22 16 pyp7 figs-explicit 0 your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 17 rb7e 0 surely bless “certainly bless” -GEN 22 17 ejb4 0 I will greatly multiply your descendants “I will cause your descendants to increase again and again” or “I will cause your descendants to be very many” -GEN 22 17 aih1 figs-simile 0 as the stars of the heavens, and as the sand which is upon the seashore God compared Abraham’s descendants to the stars and the sand. Just as people cannot count the huge number of stars or the grains of sand, so there would be so many of Abraham’s descendants that people would not be able to count them. Alternate translation: “beyond what you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 22 17 v86r 0 as the stars of the heavens Here the word “heavens” refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars. -GEN 22 17 q7zd figs-synecdoche 0 will possess the gate of their enemies Here “gate” represents the whole city. To “possess the gate of their enemies” means destroying their enemies. Alternate translation: “will completely triumph over their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 22 18 tq9d 0 General Information: The angel of Yahweh continues speaking to Abraham. -GEN 22 18 u7dd figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord, will bless all the people living everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 22 18 bl9q figs-metonymy 0 nations of the earth Here “nations” stands for the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 22 18 i6qx figs-metonymy 0 you have obeyed my voice Here “voice” stands for what God said. Alternate translation: “you have obeyed what I said” or “you have obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 22 19 eb78 figs-explicit 0 Abraham returned Only Abraham was named because he was the father, but it was implied that his son went with him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Abraham and his son went back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 19 vx4h 0 young men “servants” -GEN 22 19 e1ck 0 they departed “they left that place” -GEN 22 19 v5yw figs-explicit 0 he lived at Beersheba Only Abraham was mentioned because he was the leader of his family and servants, but it was implied that they were with him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Abraham and his people stayed in Beersheba” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 22 20 hai9 writing-newevent 0 It came about after these things “After these events.” The phrase “these things” refers to the events of Genesis 22:1-19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 22 20 u5ru figs-activepassive 0 Abraham was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 22 20 a222 0 Milkah has borne children, as well “Milkah has also borne children” -GEN 22 20 i8qv translate-names 0 Milkah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 22 21 hd5y 0 They were Uz his firstborn, Buz his brother “The name of his firstborn was Uz, and the names of the rest of his children were Buz his brother” -GEN 22 21 xm6k translate-names 0 Uz…Buz…Kemuel…Aram These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these except Aram are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 22 22 qg5a translate-names 0 Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 22 23 h2fe 0 Bethuel became the father of Rebekah “Later Bethel became the father of Rebekah” -GEN 22 23 xue2 0 These were the eight children that Milkah bore to Nahor, Abraham’s brother “These were the eight children of Milkah and Nahor, Abraham’s brother.” This refers to the children that were listed in [Genesis 22:21-22](./21.md). -GEN 22 24 v3k2 0 His concubine “Nahor’s concubine” -GEN 22 24 td3e translate-names 0 Reumah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 22 24 uvx4 0 also bore “also gave birth to” -GEN 22 24 km7f translate-names 0 Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 intro m5kz 0 # Genesis 23 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abraham’s character
Abraham’s interaction with the people show that he was greatly respected. This would have been unusual for a foreigner and indicates that Abraham was a man of great character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Burial
Burial was a common practice when Abraham lived, but only the wealthy were able to bury their dead relatives in this way. -GEN 23 1 by7k translate-numbers 0 Sarah lived a hundred and twenty-seven years “Sarah lived 127 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 23 1 dq7c figs-doublet 0 These were the years of the life of Sarah Some translations do not include this sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 23 2 bm76 translate-names 0 Kiriath Arba This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 2 dik9 0 Abraham mourned and wept for Sarah “Abraham was very sad and cried because Sarah died” -GEN 23 3 r87x 0 rose up and went from his dead wife “got up and left his wife’s body” -GEN 23 3 n5za translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” or “the Hittites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 4 tg1d 0 among you This idea may be expressed in terms of location. “in your country” or “here” -GEN 23 4 llx2 0 Please grant me a property “Sell me some land” or “Allow me to buy a piece of land” -GEN 23 4 ehx7 figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as an adjective or a verb. Alternate translation: “my dead wife” or “my wife who has died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 5 w3ln translate-names 0 The sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “The descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 6 s243 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. -GEN 23 6 z2xn figs-idiom 0 a prince of God This is an idiom. This probably means “a powerful man” or “a mighty leader.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 23 6 l6my figs-nominaladj 0 your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “your wife who has died” or “your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 6 rh4j 0 the choicest of our tombs “the best of our burial places” -GEN 23 6 u2pe 0 refuse you his tomb “withhold his burial place from you” or “refuse to give to you his tomb” -GEN 23 7 h7w7 writing-symlanguage 0 bowed down This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) -GEN 23 7 yw6s 0 to the people of the land, to the sons of Heth “to the sons of Heth who lived in the area” -GEN 23 7 qnd5 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 8 z68i figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “my wife who has died” or “my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 8 c9j3 translate-names 0 Ephron…Zohar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 9 t978 0 the cave of Machpelah, which he owns, which is at the end of his field “his cave that is at the end of his field in Machpelah” -GEN 23 9 h3f7 translate-names 0 the cave of Machpelah “the cave in Machpela.” Machpela was the name of an area or region. Ephron owned a field in Machpela and the cave that was in the field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 9 n9as figs-distinguish 0 which he owns This tells something about the cave. Ephron owned the cave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 23 9 e8mr figs-distinguish 0 which is at the end of his field This also tells something about the cave. The cave was at the end of Ephron’s field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 23 9 xw6j 0 sell it to me publicly “sell it to me in front of you all” or “sell it to me in your presence” -GEN 23 9 h1qr 0 as a property “as a piece of land that I may own and use” -GEN 23 10 idb1 writing-background 0 Now Ephron was sitting among the sons of Heth Here “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Ephron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 23 10 w16a translate-names 0 Ephron This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 10 qat3 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 10 pmj4 figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the sons of Heth The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening.” Alternate translation: “so that all the sons of Heth could hear him” or “while all the sons of Heth were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 23 10 yq1p figs-distinguish 0 all those who had come into the gate of his city This tells which sons of Heth were listening. Alternate translation: “all those who had gathered at the gate of his city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 23 10 v5hh 0 gate of his city The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important decisions. -GEN 23 10 juf1 0 his city “the city where he lived.” This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. -GEN 23 11 t9j5 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. -GEN 23 11 zt96 figs-metonymy 0 in the presence of the sons of my people Here “presence” stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate translation: “with my fellow countrymen as my witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 23 11 td9w 0 sons of my people This means “my fellow countrymen” or “my fellow Hittites” -GEN 23 11 zdp4 0 my people This phrase shows that Ephron was part of that group of people. It does not mean that he was their leader. -GEN 23 11 eq11 0 I give it to you to bury your dead “I give it to you. Bury your dead” -GEN 23 11 d3q4 figs-nominaladj 0 your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “your wife who has died” or “your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 12 sv7w writing-symlanguage 0 bowed himself down This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) -GEN 23 12 g1ce 0 people of the land “people who lived in that area” -GEN 23 13 s7vm figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the people of the land The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening” Alternate translation: “so that the people who lived in the area could hear” or “while the people who lived in the area were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 23 13 d4k3 0 But if you are willing The word “but” shows a contrast. Ephron wanted to give the field to Abraham; Abraham wanted to pay for it. Alternate translation: “No, but if you are willing” or “No, but if you agree with this” -GEN 23 13 t89n 0 I will pay for the field “I will give you money for the field” -GEN 23 13 xai6 figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “my wife who has died” or “my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 14 i9a7 translate-names 0 Ephron This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 15 a9gk 0 Please, my master, listen to me “Hear me, my master” or “Listen to me, kind sir” -GEN 23 15 a6wp 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. -GEN 23 15 v7ic figs-rquestion 0 A piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver, what is that between me and you? Ephron meant that since he and Abraham were both so wealthy, 400 pieces of silver was a small amount. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The piece of land is worth only four hundred shekels of silver. For you and me, that is nothing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 23 15 pl1v translate-bweight 0 four hundred shekels of silver This is about 4.5 kilograms of silver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) -GEN 23 15 vh1v translate-numbers 0 four hundred “400” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 23 15 v5rr figs-nominaladj 0 Bury your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “Go bury your wife who has died” or “Go bury your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -GEN 23 16 bu12 0 Abraham weighed out to Ephron the amount of silver “Abraham weighed the silver and gave Ephron the amount” or “Abraham counted out to Ephron the amount of silver” -GEN 23 16 af6q 0 the amount of silver that he had spoken “the amount of silver that Ephron had said” -GEN 23 16 k56n figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the sons of Heth The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening.” Alternate translation: “so that all the sons of Heth could hear him” or “while all the sons of Heth were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 23 16 n255 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 16 z85u 0 according to the standard measurement of the merchants “using the standard measurement of weight that merchants used.” This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “He weighed the silver the same way that the merchants used to weigh it” -GEN 23 17 tt9e translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpela was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 17 x6jb translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 17 ia83 0 that is, the field, the cave that was in it, and all the trees This phrase explains what the author meant when he wrote “the field of Ephron.” It was not only the field, but also the cave and trees in the field. -GEN 23 17 d6s8 0 passed “became property that belonged” -GEN 23 18 lsx4 0 to Abraham by purchase These words complete the idea that begins with the word “passed” in verse 17. “became Abraham’s possession when he purchased it” or “belonged to Abraham after he bought it” -GEN 23 18 cr5r figs-metonymy 0 in the presence of the sons of Heth Here “presence” stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate translation: “with the people of Heth watching as witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 23 18 n2pe translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 23 18 g8u6 figs-distinguish 0 all those who had come into the gate of his city This tells which sons of Heth saw Abraham buy the property. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:10](../23/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) -GEN 23 18 ygu6 0 gate of his city The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important decisions. -GEN 23 18 e2hk 0 his city “the city where he lived.” This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. -GEN 23 19 ekx3 0 After this “After he bought the field” -GEN 23 19 fv26 0 the cave of the field “the cave in the field” -GEN 23 19 b38v 0 the field of Machpelah “the field in Machpelah” -GEN 23 19 ey3f 0 that is, Hebron Possible meanings are (1) Mamre was another name for Hebron or (2) Hebron was formerly called Mamre or (3) Mamre was very near the larger city of Hebron, so people usually called it Hebron. -GEN 23 20 cs4e 0 passed to Abraham as a property for a burial place from the sons of Heth “became Abraham’s property for a burial ground when he bought it from the sons of Heth” -GEN 23 20 fx6q translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 24 intro t2cz 0 # Genesis 24 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:60.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Intermarriage

Abraham would not allow his son to marry anyone from the people of Canaan. This is because it would cause his son to worship other gods. Intermarriage and worshiping false gods are things that frequently caused Abraham’s descendants to struggle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])

### Abraham’s wealth

There are many instances recorded in this chapter which highlight Abraham’s significant wealth. He owned more than 10 camels and had large amounts of gold.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Put your hand under my thigh”

Many scholars believe this is a euphemism. Putting one’s hand on a man’s genitals was a way to make an important oath. It represented power and progeny. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 24 1 swv5 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. -GEN 24 2 ebr3 translate-symaction 0 Put your hand under my thigh Abraham was about to ask the servant to swear to do something. Putting his hand under Abraham’s thigh would show that he would certainly do what he would swear to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 24 3 f2nf figs-imperative 0 I will make you swear This can be expressed as a command. Alternate translation: “swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 24 3 a7dx 0 swear by Yahweh The term “swear by” means to use the name of something or someone as the basis or power on which the oath is made. “promise me with Yahweh as your witness” -GEN 24 3 hip1 figs-merism 0 the God of heaven and the God of the earth “the God of heaven and earth.” The words “heaven” and “earth” are used together to mean every thing that God created. Alternate translation: “the God of everything in heaven and earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 24 3 ren6 0 heaven This refers to the place where God lives. -GEN 24 3 v2r5 0 from the daughters of the Canaanites “from the Canaanite women” or “from the Canaanites.” This refers to Canaanite females. -GEN 24 3 i3p4 figs-synecdoche 0 among whom I make my home “among whom I live.” Here, “I” stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: “among whom we live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 24 4 a5wn figs-imperative 0 But you will go This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “Swear that you will go” or “But go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) -GEN 24 4 s3ne 0 my relatives “my family” -GEN 24 5 qpu6 0 What if “What should I do if” -GEN 24 5 wkn5 0 will not be willing to follow me “will not follow me” or “refuses to come back with me” -GEN 24 5 b9nk 0 Must I take your son back to the land from which you came “Should I take you son to live in the land from which you came” -GEN 24 6 g1bh 0 Make sure that you do not take my son back there The phrase “Make sure” emphasizes the command that follows. “Be careful not to take my son back there” or “You definitely must not take my son there” -GEN 24 7 b2tf figs-metonymy 0 who took me from my father’s house Here “house” stands for the people in his family. Alternate translation: “who took me from my father and the rest of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 24 7 rg6g 0 promised me with a solemn oath “swore an oath to me” -GEN 24 7 ar65 figs-quotesinquotes 0 saying, ‘To your offspring I will give this land,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that he would give this land to my offspring” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 24 7 a25j 0 he will send his angel The words “he” and “his” refer to Yahweh. -GEN 24 8 w9ll 0 General Information: Verse 8 is a continuation of the instructions Abraham gave his servant. -GEN 24 8 j773 figs-hypo 0 But if the woman is not willing to follow you “But if the woman refuses to come with you.” Abraham was answering the servant’s question from [Genesis 24:5](../24/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 24 8 q3gy figs-metaphor 0 you will be free from this oath of mine “you will be released from the oath you made to me.” Not having to fulfill an oath is spoken of as if the person is free from an object to which he was bound. Alternate translation: “you will not have to do what you swore to me that you would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 24 9 tty4 translate-symaction 0 put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master This was to show that he would certainly do what he was swearing to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 24 9 lt8g 0 swore to him “made an oath to him” -GEN 24 9 k6wb 0 concerning this matter “concerning Abraham’s request” or “that he would do what Abraham said” -GEN 24 10 qz3v 0 departed. He also took The sentence starting with “He also took” gives additional information about what the servant took with him on the journey. He gathered them before he departed. -GEN 24 10 t2ji 0 He also took with him all kinds of gifts from his master This means he also took many good things that his master wanted to give to the woman’s family. -GEN 24 10 yq2h 0 departed and went “set out and went” or “he left and went” -GEN 24 10 nmn4 translate-names 0 the city of Nahor Possible meanings are (1) the city where Nahor lived” or (2) “the city called Nahor.” If you can translate it without choosing a meaning, do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 24 11 x8ge 0 He made the camels kneel down Camels are tall animals with long legs. He made them bend their legs and lower their bodies to the ground. “He made the camels lie down” -GEN 24 11 c8xs 0 well of water “water well” or “well” -GEN 24 11 n18k 0 draw water “get water” -GEN 24 12 tp8i 0 Then he said “Then the servant said” -GEN 24 12 yyj6 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 grant me success today and show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham You can state this with the connecting word “by.” This makes clear how the servant wants God to show covenant faithfulness. Alternate translation: “Show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham by granting me success today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 24 12 i9ac figs-abstractnouns 0 grant me success “give me success.” The servant wanted to find a good wife for Abraham’s son. The abstract noun “success” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “help me to succeed” or “make me able to do what I have come here to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 24 12 n4s6 figs-abstractnouns 0 show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “be faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham” or “be faithful to my master Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 24 13 b9wq 0 Look, here I am standing “You can see me standing here” -GEN 24 13 y2ut 0 the spring of water “the spring” or “the well” -GEN 24 13 v4y7 0 the daughters of the men of the city “the young women of the city” -GEN 24 14 xg68 0 Let it happen like this “Let it happen this way” or “Make this happen” -GEN 24 14 uy2f figs-quotesinquotes 0 When I say to a young woman, ‘Please lower your pitcher so that I may drink,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. This can be expressed with an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “When I ask a young woman to let me have a drink of water from her jar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 24 14 z6kj 0 Please lower your pitcher The women carried the pitchers on their shoulder. She would have to lower it to give the man a drink. -GEN 24 14 khg5 0 pitcher a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids -GEN 24 14 je9p figs-abstractnouns 0 that you have shown covenant faithfulness to my master The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “been faithful.” Alternate translation: “that you have been faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham” or “you have been faithful to my master Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 24 15 td2g 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 24 15 jq3w 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 24 15 fm5s 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). -GEN 24 15 y3qz 0 Rebekah was born to Bethuel son of Milkah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham’s brother “Rebekah’s father was Bethuel. Bethuel’s parents were Milkah and Nahor. Nahor was Abraham’s brother” -GEN 24 15 y6za translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 24 15 y7ld translate-names 0 Nahor This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 11:22](../11/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 24 15 xmc5 translate-names 0 Milkah Milkah was Nahor’s wife and Bethuel’s mother. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 11:29](../11/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 24 16 s6tm 0 She went down to the spring…and came up The spring was somewhere lower in elevation than where the servant was standing. -GEN 24 17 lng1 0 to meet her “to meet the young woman” -GEN 24 17 hb32 0 a little drink of water “a little water” -GEN 24 17 tiz4 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). -GEN 24 18 dr38 0 my master “sir.” Here the woman uses this term of respect to refer to the man, though she is not his slave. -GEN 24 18 h8xp 0 she quickly let down her pitcher on her hand “she quickly lowered her pitcher.” She was carrying the pitcher on her shoulder. She had to lower it to get water for the servant. -GEN 24 19 jg5k 0 I will draw water “I will get water” -GEN 24 20 n27r 0 So she hurried and emptied her pitcher “So she quickly emptied her pitcher” -GEN 24 20 pkk9 0 the trough “the animals’ water trough.” A trough is a long open container for holding water for animals to drink. -GEN 24 21 ui6c 0 The man “The servant” -GEN 24 21 q4p6 0 watched her “watched Rebekah” or “watched the young woman” -GEN 24 21 b11e figs-metaphor 0 to see Learning something is often spoken of as if it were seeing. Alternate translation: “to know” or “to determine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 24 21 i3b2 figs-explicit 0 had prospered his journey “had fulfilled the purpose of his journey” or “had made his journey successful.” You can make explicit what specifically the servant was trying to determine. Alternate translation: “was showing him the woman who would become Isaac’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 24 21 x4zm figs-ellipsis 0 or not You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “or not prospered his journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 24 22 slf4 translate-bweight 0 a gold nose ring weighing half a shekel “a gold nose ring that weighed six grams.” The weight indicates the value of the ring. Alternate translation: “an expensive gold nose ring” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) -GEN 24 22 w1h6 translate-bweight 0 two gold bracelets for her arms weighing ten shekels “two gold bracelets for her arms that weighed 110 grams.” The weight shows their size and value. Alternate translation: “two large gold bracelets for her arms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) -GEN 24 23 r4h2 0 Whose daughter are you “Who is your father” -GEN 24 23 e8zs 0 is there room in your father’s house “is there a place in your father’s house” -GEN 24 23 vu7b figs-exclusive 0 for us Apparently other men went on this journey with Abraham’s servant. Here “us” refers to the servant and those traveling with him, but not to those to whom he was speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 24 23 ij83 0 to spend the night “to stay tonight” or “to stay for the night” -GEN 24 24 qx3y 0 She said “Rebekah said” or “the young woman said” -GEN 24 24 h5cc 0 to him “to the servant” -GEN 24 24 tu27 0 I am the daughter of Bethuel son of Milkah, whom she bore to Nahor “Bethuel is my father, and his parents are Milkah and Nahor” -GEN 24 25 ki2b figs-ellipsis 0 We have plenty of both straw and feed It is understood that the straw and feed are for the camels. You can make clear this understood information. Alternate translation: “We have plenty of straw and feed for the camels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 24 25 g1si 0 for you to spend the night “for you to stay tonight” or “where you can stay for the night” -GEN 24 25 j8dw figs-you 0 for you Here “you” refers to the servant and those traveling with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 24 26 wj5p 0 the man “the servant” -GEN 24 26 rf3n translate-symaction 0 bowed down This is a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 24 27 pf99 figs-abstractnouns 0 has not forsaken his covenant faithfulness and his trustworthiness toward my master “has not stopped showing his covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness to my master.” The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “to be faithful and trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “has not stopped being faithful to his covenant and trustworthy toward my master” or “has not stopped being faithful and trustworthy to my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 24 27 eme3 figs-litotes 0 has not forsaken This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “continues to show” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) -GEN 24 27 xfl3 0 my master’s relatives “my master’s family” or “my master’s clan” -GEN 24 28 s6bc figs-metonymy 0 ran and told her mother’s household Here “household” stands for all the people living in her mother’s house. Alternate translation: “ran to the house and told her mother and everyone there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 24 28 xw7q 0 all of these things “everything that had just happened” -GEN 24 29 yd93 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Rebekah. The author introduces her brother, Laban, to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) -GEN 24 30 n1zt figs-events 0 When he had seen the nose ring…and when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister These things happened before he ran out to the man. This tells why Laban ran out to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 24 30 si84 figs-quotations 0 when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister, “This is what the man said to me,” This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “when he had heard his sister Rebekah tell what the man had said to her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 24 30 qav2 0 behold, he The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. “it was just as she had said: he” -GEN 24 31 w2vg 0 Come, you “Come in, you” or “Enter, you” -GEN 24 31 rud7 0 you blessed of Yahweh “you whom Yahweh has blessed” -GEN 24 31 tn1r figs-you 0 you Here the word “you” refers to Abraham’s servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 24 31 gk45 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you standing outside? Laban used this question to invite Abraham’s servant into his house. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay outside.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 24 32 n6xf figs-go 0 So the man came to the house The word “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 24 32 h7z7 figs-activepassive 0 he unloaded the camels It is not clear who did this work. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Laban’s servants unloaded the camels” or “the camels were unloaded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 24 32 hhx8 figs-activepassive 0 The camels were given straw and feed, and water was provided This does not say who did the work. If you state this in active form use “Laban’s servants” as the subject. Alternate translation: “Laban’s servants gave straw and feed to the camels, and they provided water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 24 32 jti6 0 to wash his feet…him “for Abraham’s servant and the men who were with him to wash their feet” -GEN 24 33 x4b4 0 They set Here, the word “they” refers to Laban’s family members or to the household servants. -GEN 24 33 th5z 0 set food before him “gave food to the servant” -GEN 24 33 d4p6 0 said what I have to say “spoken my words” or “told you why I am here” -GEN 24 35 x58h 0 he has become great Here the word “he” refers to Abraham. -GEN 24 35 w53i 0 become great “become very wealthy” -GEN 24 35 ff88 0 He has given The word “he” refers to Yahweh. -GEN 24 36 l6kq 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 36 em4l 0 bore a son to my master “gave birth to a son” -GEN 24 36 sw5h 0 he has given…to him “my master has given…to his son” -GEN 24 37 bu75 0 My master made me swear, saying “My master made me swear that I would do what he told me to do. He said” -GEN 24 37 gr54 0 from the daughters of the Canaanites This refers to Canaanite females. Alternate translation: “from the Canaanite women” or “from the Canaanites” -GEN 24 37 nd18 figs-synecdoche 0 in whose land I make my home “among whom I live.” Here, “I” stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: “among whom we live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 24 38 ye3t 0 to my relatives “to my own clan” -GEN 24 39 pgj8 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 39 xvk8 figs-hypo 0 Perhaps the woman will not follow me. This is something that could possibly happen. Alternate translation: “What if the woman will not come back with me?” or “What should I do if the woman will not come back with me?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 24 40 mp4m figs-metaphor 0 before whom I walk Serving Yahweh is spoken of as if Abraham were walking in Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 24 40 uj9t 0 he will prosper your way “he will make your journey successful” -GEN 24 40 f64z 0 family line “family” -GEN 24 41 x3ph figs-hypo 0 But you will be free from my oath if you come to my relatives and they will not give her to you. Then you will be free from my oath This is a hypothetical situation that Abraham did not think was likely to happen. Possible meanings are (1) “There is only one way for you to be free from my oath: if you come to my relatives and they will not give her to you, then you will be free from my oath” or, (2) building on verse 40, “If you go to my father’s family and ask for a girl, you will have done what I told you to do. If they will not give her to you, then you will be free from the oath you swore to me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 24 41 ijt4 figs-metaphor 0 you will be free from my oath “you will be released from the oath you made to me.” Not having to fulfill an oath is spoken of as if the person is free from an object to which he was bound. Alternate translation: “you will not have to do what you swore to me that you would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 24 41 wll8 figs-go 0 if you come to my relatives Languages use the words come and go differently. Alternate translation: “if you arrive at my relatives’ home” or “if you go to my relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 24 42 t1j2 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 42 m7ps 0 the spring “the well” -GEN 24 43 ey1m 0 let the young woman who comes…the woman to whom I say The servant goes back to stating his request. These are the first two things he has to say about the woman whom he hopes will come. -GEN 24 43 ru4z 0 to draw water “to get water” -GEN 24 43 ays7 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). -GEN 24 44 k1f8 0 the woman who says to me, “Drink…camels” The thought that begins with the words “let the young woman who comes” in verse 43 ends here. This is the third of the three things the servant has to say about the woman whom he hopes will come. -GEN 24 44 t41f 0 let her be the woman The servant finishes his request. -GEN 24 45 jux7 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 45 w249 figs-metaphor 0 speaking in my heart To pray silently in one’s mind is spoken of as if he were speaking in his heart. The word “heart” refers to his thoughts and his mind. Alternate translation: “praying” or “praying quietly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 24 45 s82z 0 behold, Rebekah came “suddenly Rebekah came” or “I was surprised because I saw Rebekah coming” -GEN 24 45 s4y4 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). -GEN 24 45 v94w 0 she went down to the spring The phrase “went down” is used because the spring was somewhere lower than where the servant was standing. -GEN 24 45 r9da 0 spring opening in the ground from which fresh water comes -GEN 24 46 kvw1 0 watered the camels “gave water to the camels” -GEN 24 47 q3rt 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 47 wg1u 0 The daughter of Bethuel, Nahor’s son, whom Milkah bore to him “My father is Bethuel. His parents are Nahor and Milkah” -GEN 24 47 xxd2 0 ring…bracelets In this story, all of these items were made of gold. See how you translated these in [Genesis 24:22](../24/22.md). -GEN 24 48 e8rq translate-symaction 0 I bowed down This is a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 24 48 h58h 0 led me by the right way “brought me here” -GEN 24 48 zhy2 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 who had led me The connecting word “because” can be used to show this is why the servant worshiped God. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh led me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 24 48 p249 0 my master’s relative This refers to Bethuel, the son of Abraham’s brother Nahor. -GEN 24 49 v7x5 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. -GEN 24 49 u6eh 0 Now therefore “Now.” Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 24 49 yac9 figs-explicit 0 if you are prepared to show covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness to my master, tell me How they could show the covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “tell me if you will be faithful and trustworthy to my master by giving Rebekah to be his son’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 24 49 q5fw figs-you 0 you The word “you” refers to Laban and Bethuel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 24 49 bf6u figs-abstractnouns 0 faithfulness and trustworthiness These abstract nouns can be stated as “faithful and trustworthy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 24 49 r8l1 figs-ellipsis 0 But if not The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “But if you are not prepared to treat my master with family faithfulness and trustworthiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 24 49 yjd9 figs-metaphor 0 so that I may turn to the right hand or to the left Possible meanings are (1) deciding what to do is spoken of as if the person will physically turn one direction or another. Alternate translation: “so that I will know what do” or (2) the servant wants to know if he needs to travel somewhere else. Alternate translation: “so that I may continue on my journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 24 50 jew5 0 Bethuel This was the father of Laban and Rebekah. -GEN 24 50 x54j 0 The thing has come from Yahweh “Yahweh has caused all of this to happen” -GEN 24 50 e21v figs-idiom 0 we cannot speak to you either bad or good They are saying they do not have the authority to decide whether what God has done is good or bad. Alternate translation: “we dare not judge what Yahweh is doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 24 51 y3tx 0 Look, Rebekah is “You can see Rebekah here” -GEN 24 51 zkd6 0 Rebekah is before you “Here is Rebekah” -GEN 24 52 f6nn 0 their words “what Laban and Bethuel said” -GEN 24 52 s5s4 translate-symaction 0 he bowed himself down Bowing down before God is an expression of worship to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 24 53 c4x7 0 articles of silver and articles of gold “silver and gold items” or “things made of silver and gold” -GEN 24 53 yqa2 0 precious gifts “expensive gifts” or “valuable gifts” -GEN 24 54 w8v9 0 he and the men who were with him “Abraham’s servant and his men” -GEN 24 54 ssz6 0 stayed there overnight “slept there that night” -GEN 24 54 v8m5 0 arose in the morning “got up the next morning” -GEN 24 54 fw75 0 Send me away “Let me leave and return” -GEN 24 55 a6ia 0 a few more days, at least ten “at least ten more days” -GEN 24 55 ce7w 0 After that “Then” -GEN 24 56 pr3s 0 he said “Abraham’s servant said” -GEN 24 56 sl94 0 to them “to Rebekah’s brother and mother” -GEN 24 56 dav8 0 Do not hinder me “Do not delay me” or “Do not make me wait” -GEN 24 56 jnv7 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh has prospered my way Here “way” stands for a journey. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has caused me to succeed in the purpose my journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 24 56 g87g 0 Send me on my way “Allow me to leave” -GEN 24 59 qez3 0 So they sent their sister Rebekah “So the family sent Rebekah” -GEN 24 59 e462 0 their sister Rebekah was Laban’s sister. Alternate translation: “their relative” or “Laban’s sister” -GEN 24 59 uvk2 0 her female servant This refers to the female servant who had fed Rebekah when she was a baby, cared for her when she was a child, and still served her. -GEN 24 60 ck3m 0 Our sister Rebekah was not the sister to everyone in her family. But they called her this to show that they loved her. Alternate translation: “Our dear Rebekah” -GEN 24 60 lz94 0 may you be the mother of thousands of ten thousands Here “mother” stands for ancestor. Alternate translation: “may you be the ancestor of millions of people” or “may you have very many descendants” -GEN 24 60 k4au translate-numbers 0 thousands of ten thousands This means a very large number or an uncountable number. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 24 60 lj6f figs-metonymy 0 may your descendants possess the gate of those who hate them Armies would break through the gate of their enemies’ cities and conquer the people. Alternate translation: “may your descendants completely defeat those who hate them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 24 61 m2sa 0 Then Rebekah arose, and she and her servant girls mounted the camels “Then Rebekah and her servant girls went and got on the camels” -GEN 24 61 s54m 0 Thus the servant took Rebekah, and went his way “In this way Abraham’s servant took Rebekah with him and returned to where he had come from” -GEN 24 62 de8g 0 Now This word marks a change in the story. It was telling about the servant finding a wife, and now it will tell about Isaac. -GEN 24 62 a6ll 0 Beer Lahai Roi This is the name of a water well in the Negev. See how you translated it in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). -GEN 24 63 l5s8 0 Isaac went out to meditate in the field in the evening “One evening Isaac went out to the field to think.” This must have been a long time after the servant and Rebekah left her home since they had to travel a long distance. -GEN 24 63 r5zl 0 When he looked up and saw, behold, there were camels coming! The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. “When he looked up he was surprised to see camels coming” -GEN 24 64 ct8r 0 Rebekah looked “Rebekah looked up” -GEN 24 64 xm2p 0 she jumped down from the camel “she quickly got off the camel” -GEN 24 65 ai22 translate-symaction 0 So she took her veil, and covered herself “So she covered her face with her veil.” This is a sign of respect and modesty towards the man she will marry. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 24 65 x2me 0 veil a piece of cloth used to cover a person’s head, shoulders and face -GEN 24 67 c5ut figs-doublet 0 took Rebekah, and she became his wife Both of these phrases mean that Isaac married Rebekah. Alternate translation: “married Rebekah” or “took her as his wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 24 67 h9zw figs-activepassive 0 So Isaac was comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Rebekah comforted Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 25 intro ig86 0 # Genesis 25 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 25:23.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Polygamy
Abraham married another wife. This was sinful of him. Many other Hebrew leaders came to marry multiple wives. This is known as “polygamy.” It has never been an acceptable practice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### Inheritance
In the ancient Near East, inheritance was passed on through the eldest son. Even though Esau and Jacob were twins, it is very important that Esau was born first. It was his birthright to receive his inheritance, but he foolishly gave it up. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God fulfill’s his promise
God begins to fulfill the promise he gave to Abraham about making his descendants numerous. Many of these children through his concubines would become large people groups. This may not be easy to understand without the remainder of the Old Testament and the history it records. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 25 1 cu8t translate-names 0 General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]. -GEN 25 4 rx7z 0 All these This refers to the people named in verses 2-4. -GEN 25 5 l5pw 0 Abraham gave all that he owned to Isaac “Isaac inherited all that Abraham owned.” It was normal for the father to divide his wealth when he was old and not leave that for others to do after he died. -GEN 25 7 wx9m translate-numbers 0 These were the days of the years of Abraham’s life which he lived, 175 years “These were…he lived, one hundred and seventy-five years.” Abraham lived 175 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 25 8 p4ht figs-doublet 0 Abraham breathed his last and died “Abraham took his last breath and died.” The phrases “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Abraham died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 25 8 ej3k figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 25 8 g4ax figs-doublet 0 at a good old age, an old man with a full life These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abraham lived a very long time. Alternate translation: “when he had lived a very long time and was very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 25 8 yns7 figs-metaphor 0 an old man with a full life Living a long life is spoken of as if life were a container that becomes full. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 25 8 x8xg figs-idiom 0 he was gathered to his people This means that after Abraham died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 25 9 mwj2 0 the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron Ephron owned a field in Machpelah and the cave that was in that field. Abraham bought the field from Ephron. -GEN 25 9 q9gq translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpelah was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 9 cy2d translate-names 0 Ephron…Zohar These are names of men. See how you translated these men’s names in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 9 s1d5 0 which is near Mamre Machpela was near Mamre. -GEN 25 9 k9tk translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 23:17](../23/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 10 sbt9 0 This field Abraham had bought “Abraham had bought this field” -GEN 25 10 f1i4 0 sons of Heth “the descendants of Heth” or “the Hittites.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:5](../23/05.md). -GEN 25 10 d9zw figs-activepassive 0 Abraham was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 25 11 qdt2 translate-names 0 Beer Lahai Roi This name means “the well of the living one who sees me.” See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 12 uwb2 0 Now This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and information about Ishmael. -GEN 25 13 gn6t translate-names 0 General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]. -GEN 25 16 xgd3 0 These were Ishmael’s sons, and these were their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their tribes This can be stated as two sentences. “These were the names of Ishmael’s twelve sons. They led tribes that were named after them, and they each had their own villages and campsites” -GEN 25 16 e5ag translate-numbers 0 twelve “12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 25 16 iy7y 0 princes Here the word “princes” means that the men were leaders or rules of the tribes; it does not mean that they were the sons of a king. -GEN 25 17 nem6 translate-numbers 0 These were the years of the life of Ishmael, 137 years “These were…Ishmael, one hundred and thirty-seven years.” Ishmael lived 137 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 25 17 s1vq figs-doublet 0 breathed his last and died The terms “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 25 17 p7dl figs-idiom 0 was gathered to his people This means that after Ishmael died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 25 18 q1vv 0 They lived “His descendants settled” -GEN 25 18 z9aa 0 from Havilah to Ashhur “between Havilah and Ashhur” -GEN 25 18 pk2r translate-names 0 Havilah Havilah was located somewhere in the Arabian Desert. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 18 ev35 0 as one goes toward “in the direction of” -GEN 25 18 p8m3 0 They lived in hostility with each other Possible meanings are (1) “they did not live in peace together,” or (2) “they lived away from their other relatives.” -GEN 25 19 t67i figs-explicit 0 These were the events concerning Isaac, Abraham’s son This sentence introduces the account of Isaac’s descendants in Genesis 25:19-35:29. Alternate translation: “This is the account of the descendants of Isaac, Abraham’s son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 25 20 gih8 translate-numbers 0 forty years old “40 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 25 20 g4lq 0 when he took as his wife Rebekah “when he married Rebekah” -GEN 25 20 xn63 translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 20 dft3 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 25 21 wr2b 0 she was childless “she was unable to become pregnant” -GEN 25 21 zn2s figs-explicit 0 Rebekah his wife conceived It can be made explicit that Rebekah was pregnant with two babies at the same time: “Rebekah, his wife, became pregnant with twins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 25 22 as86 0 The children struggled together within her “the babies inside her kept bumping against each other” or “The babies pushed against each other within her” -GEN 25 22 gza2 figs-explicit 0 The children…within her Rebekah was pregnant with twins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 25 22 u1xs 0 She went to ask Yahweh about this “She went and asked Yahweh about this.” It is not clear where she went. She may have gone somewhere private to pray, or she may have gone somewhere to offer a sacrifice. -GEN 25 23 y9m7 0 said to her “said to Rebekah” -GEN 25 23 m836 writing-poetry 0 Two nations…serve the younger This is poetic language. If your language has a way to indicate poetry, you could use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]) -GEN 25 23 s1wf figs-metonymy 0 Two nations are in your womb Here “two nations” stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a nation. Alternate translation: “Two nations will come from the twins within you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 25 23 lxl5 figs-metonymy 0 two peoples will be separated from within you Here “two peoples” stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a people. This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: “when you give birth to these two children they will be rivals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 25 23 pgz5 0 the older will serve the younger Possible meanings are (1) “the older son will serve the younger son” or (2) “the descendants of the older son will serve the descendants of the younger son.” If possible, translate it so that people could understand either meaning. -GEN 25 24 urq6 0 behold, there “she was surprised to learn that there” -GEN 25 25 wyy1 figs-simile 0 red all over like a hairy garment Possible meanings are (1) his skin was red and he had a lot of hair on his body or (2) he had a lot of red hair on his body. Alternate translation: “red and hairy like a garment made of animal hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 25 25 p7lj 0 Esau Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Esau sounds like the word ‘hairy.’” -GEN 25 26 u57z 0 grasping Esau’s heel “holding the back part of Esau’s foot” -GEN 25 26 gls8 0 Jacob Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Jacob means ‘he grasps the heel.’” -GEN 25 26 i7ic translate-numbers 0 sixty years old “60 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 25 27 a46v 0 became a skillful hunter “became good at hunting and killing animals for food” -GEN 25 27 ee9p 0 a quiet man “a peaceful man” or “a less active man” -GEN 25 27 n923 figs-metaphor 0 who spent his time in the tents This speaks about time as if it were a commodity that someone could spend. Alternate translation: “who remained in the tents much of the time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 25 28 t4i8 writing-background 0 Now This word is used to mark a change in focus, shifting from the story to background information about Isaac and Rebekah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 25 28 yr46 0 Isaac loved Here the word “loved” means “favored” or “preferred.” -GEN 25 28 m6rw 0 because he ate the animals that he had hunted “because he ate the animals that Esau had hunted” or “because he enjoyed eating the wild animal meat that Esau caught” -GEN 25 29 z5en 0 Jacob cooked Since this is the beginning of a story about something that happened one time, some translators may want to start it with a phrase like “One day, Jacob cooked” in a similar manner to the UST. -GEN 25 29 n13g 0 cooked some stew “boiled some food” or “cooked some soup.” This stew was made of boiled lentils ([Genesis 25:34](../25/34.md)). -GEN 25 29 ms24 0 he was weak from hunger “he was weak because he was very hungry” or “he was very hungry” -GEN 25 30 se91 0 I am exhausted “I am weak from hunger” or “I am very hungry” -GEN 25 30 x1uk 0 Edom Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Edom means ‘red.’” -GEN 25 31 nk7u 0 birthright right as firstborn to inherit most of the father’s wealth -GEN 25 32 efr4 figs-hyperbole 0 I am about to die Esau was exaggerating to emphasize how hungry he was. Alternate translation: “I am so hungry I feel like I could die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 25 32 h8jv figs-rquestion 0 What good is the birthright to me? Esau used a question to emphasize that eating was more important than a birthright. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “My inheritance is no good to me if I die of hunger!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 25 33 b4qn figs-explicit 0 First swear to me What Jacob wanted Esau to swear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “First swear to me that you will sell me your birthright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 25 34 v7ff translate-unknown 0 lentils These are like beans, but their seeds are very small, round, and somewhat flat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 25 34 r6tg 0 Esau despised his birthright “Esau showed that he did not value his birthright” -GEN 26 intro cwz4 0 # Genesis 26 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Trust
When things in the land were bad, Isaac did not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he ran to the safety of Egypt. Even when Abraham’s descendants did not trust in Yahweh’s faithfulness to fulfill his covenant, Yahweh remained faithful to his covenant and blessed Isaac. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

### Wells
In the ancient Near East, wells were very important strategically. Therefore, they were a sign of power and a sign of God’s blessing being upon Isaac.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “She is my sister”
Isaac was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Rebekah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Isaac’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. This is the same thing his father, Abraham, did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -GEN 26 1 n54s 0 Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. -GEN 26 1 vwi7 0 a famine happened “there was a famine” or “there was another famine” -GEN 26 1 ags3 figs-explicit 0 in the land You can state explicitly the land to which this refers. Alternate translation: “in the land where Isaac and his family lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 1 a6wl 0 that had been in the days of Abraham “that had happened during Abraham’s life” or “that had happened while Abraham was alive” -GEN 26 2 p1xe 0 General Information: Yahweh begins to speak to Isaac. -GEN 26 2 t4aj 0 appeared to him “appeared to Isaac” -GEN 26 2 mqf3 figs-idiom 0 Do not go down to Egypt It was common to speak of leaving the promised land as “going down” to another place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 26 3 v9hh 0 for to you and to your descendants, I will give all these lands “for I will give all these lands to you and your descendants” -GEN 26 3 ekq9 0 I will fulfill the oath that I swore to Abraham your father “I will do what I promised Abraham your father I would do” -GEN 26 4 tu5b 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Isaac. -GEN 26 4 y44e 0 I will multiply your descendants “I will cause you to have very many descendants.” -GEN 26 4 k6jq figs-simile 0 like the stars of heaven This speaks about the number of Isaac’s descendants as if they were the same as the number of stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:17](../22/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 26 4 jm8x 0 heaven This refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars. -GEN 26 4 hpl9 figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the nations of the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 26 5 nr7e figs-parallelism 0 Abraham obeyed my voice and kept my instructions, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws The phrases “obeyed my voice” and “kept my instructions, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Abraham obeyed me and did everything I commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 26 5 brk9 figs-synecdoche 0 obeyed my voice Here “voice” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 26 6 wr4q figs-explicit 0 So Isaac settled in Gerar Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader of the family, but his whole family was with him. Alternate translation: “So Isaac and his family settled in Gerar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 7 rr88 0 He feared to say Here “fear” refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of harm to himself or others. “He was afraid to say” -GEN 26 7 j128 0 to get Rebekah “in order to take Rebekah” -GEN 26 8 z63l 0 He saw, behold, Isaac The word “behold” shows that what Abimelech saw surprised him. Alternate translation: “And he was surprised to see that Isaac” -GEN 26 8 i16v 0 was caressing Rebekah Possible meanings are (1) he was touching her the way a husband touches his wife or (2) he was laughing and talking with her the way a husband talks with his wife. -GEN 26 9 hv6m figs-metonymy 0 Abimelech called Isaac to him Abimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac that Abimelech wanted to see him. Alternate translation: “Abimelech sent someone to bring Isaac to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 26 9 aeb1 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Why did you say, ‘She is my sister’? This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Why did you say that she is your sister?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 26 9 m9n4 0 to get her “so he could take her” -GEN 26 10 t2ul figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done to us? Abimelech used this question to scold Isaac. Alternate translation: “You should not have done this to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 26 10 s759 figs-euphemism 0 might easily have lain with your wife The word “lain” here is a euphemism for “had sexual relations.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 26 10 t1mu figs-metaphor 0 you would have brought guilt upon us This speaks about causing someone to be guilty as if “guilt” were an object that is placed on someone. Alternate translation: “you would have caused us to be guilty of taking a man’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 26 10 l5d1 figs-exclusive 0 upon us Here “us” refers to Abimelech and his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 26 11 ztx1 figs-idiom 0 Whoever touches this man Here “touches” means to touch in a harmful way. Alternate translation: “Whoever harms this man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 26 11 fk2l figs-activepassive 0 will surely be put to death Abimelech may have intended to tell someone to kill anyone who might harm Isaac or Rebekah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will put him to death” or “I will order my men to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 26 12 tl8n 0 General Information: This begins a new part of the story. It changes from telling about Isaac calling Rebekah his sister, and it starts to tell about how Isaac became very rich and the Philistines were jealous of him. -GEN 26 12 f6x6 0 in that land “in Gerar” -GEN 26 12 d294 translate-numbers 0 a hundredfold This means “one hundred times as much as he planted.” It can be translated more generally as “a very large crop.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 26 13 i68k 0 The man became rich “Isaac became rich” or “He became rich” -GEN 26 13 p5mh 0 grew more and more until he became very great “he gained more and more until he became very wealthy” -GEN 26 14 jv6c figs-explicit 0 sheep This may also include goats. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 14 h37m figs-metonymy 0 a large household Here “household” stands for workers or servants. Alternate translation: “many servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 26 14 f17g 0 The Philistines envied him “The Philistines were jealous of him” -GEN 26 15 rue9 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Now Here this word does not mean “at this moment.” It is indicating where the action in the story begins. It can be translated with the connecting word “So” to show that this is a result of what happened in [Genesis 26:12-14](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 26 15 xy1c 0 in the days of Abraham his father The phrase “in the days of” stands for a person’s lifetime. Alternate translation: “when Abraham, his father, was living” or “during his father Abraham’s lifetime” -GEN 26 16 f5ia grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Abimelech said Possible meanings are (1) this is another action to force Isaac and his people to leave. Alternate translation: “Then Abimelech said” or “Finally Abimelech said” or (2) Abimelech made this decision because he saw that his people were jealous and acting in a hostile way towards Isaac. Alternate translation: “Therefore Abimelech said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 26 16 e8vy 0 much mightier than we “much stronger than we are” -GEN 26 17 tz3u figs-explicit 0 So Isaac departed Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader, but his family and servants went with him. Alternate translation: “So Isaac and his household left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 18 r15b figs-synecdoche 0 Isaac dug out Here “Isaac” stands for Isaac and his servants. Alternate translation: “Isaac and his servants dug out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 26 18 hly9 0 which they had dug “which Abraham’s servants had dug” -GEN 26 18 c6vy 0 in the days of Abraham his father “during his father Abraham’s lifetime” or “when Abraham, his father, was living” -GEN 26 18 sn3p figs-events 0 The Philistines had stopped them up This was the reason that Isaac dug them out. Possible ways to translate this are: (1) Since this happened first, this sentence can come before the sentence about Isaac digging them out, as in the UST. or (2) This sentence can start with “Isaac did this because the Philistines had stopped them up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 26 18 jfl7 0 had stopped them up “had filled them with earth” -GEN 26 19 b9ic figs-idiom 0 flowing water This phrase refers to a natural spring they uncovered when they were digging a new well. It provided a continuous flow of fresh drinking water. Alternate translation: “fresh water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 26 20 m6un 0 herdsmen men who tended livestock -GEN 26 20 ls3b figs-exclusive 0 This water is ours Here “ours” refers to the herdsmen of Gerar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 26 20 nw21 translate-names 0 Esek Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Esek means ‘quarrel’ or ‘argue.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 21 kan5 0 Then they dug “Then Isaac’s servants dug” -GEN 26 21 t12r 0 they quarreled “the herdsmen of Gerar argued with Isaac’s herdsmen” -GEN 26 21 ss3i 0 so he gave it “so Isaac gave it” -GEN 26 21 ny83 translate-names 0 Sitnah Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Sitnah means ‘oppose’ or ‘accuse.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 22 gd8u translate-names 0 Rehoboth Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Rehoboth means ‘make room for’ or ‘empty place.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 22 kj55 0 us…we Isaac was speaking about himself and his household. -GEN 26 23 ct3x 0 Isaac went up from there to Beersheba Here “went up” is probably a reference to going north. Say that he departed in the most natural way for your language. Alternate translation: “Isaac left there and went to Beersheba” -GEN 26 24 sq69 0 multiply your descendants “will cause your descendants to increase greatly” or “will cause your descendants to be very many” -GEN 26 24 j1jd figs-explicit 0 for my servant Abraham’s sake “for my servant Abraham” or you can make the full meaning explicit. Alternate translation: “because I promised my servant Abraham that I would do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 25 g525 figs-explicit 0 Isaac built an altar there You can make explicit why Isaac built an altar. Alternate translation: “Isaac built an altar there to sacrifice to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 25 pam6 figs-metonymy 0 called on the name of Yahweh To “call on” means to pray or to worship. Here “name” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 26 26 k6ep 0 went to him “went to Isaac” -GEN 26 26 ls17 translate-names 0 Ahuzzath This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 26 lca7 0 his friend Possible meanings are (1) “Abimelech’s friend” or (2) “Abimelech’s advisor.” -GEN 26 26 mcz9 translate-names 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 28 pw9y 0 they said This refers to Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. One of them spoke and the other two agreed with what he said. It does not mean they all spoke at the same time. Alternate translation: “one of them said” -GEN 26 28 pt6d 0 We have clearly seen “We know” or “We are certain” -GEN 26 28 wg9d 0 So let us make a covenant “So we want to make a covenant” -GEN 26 29 b7sa 0 and as we have treated you well This can also be translated as the beginning of a new sentence. “We have done only good to you” -GEN 26 29 qgj3 figs-activepassive 0 you are blessed by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has blessed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 26 30 ur1a figs-explicit 0 Isaac made a feast for them, and they ate and drank Eating a meal together was a part of making a covenant with one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 30 wvz4 0 for them Here “them” refers to “Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol” -GEN 26 30 rb7d 0 they ate Here “they” refers to Isaac, Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. Alternate translation: “they all ate” -GEN 26 31 bpu3 0 They rose early “They awoke early” -GEN 26 33 l4xz translate-names 0 He called the well Shibah “So he called the well Shibah.” Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Shibah sounds like the word that means ‘oath.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 33 ymy1 0 Beersheba Translators may add a footnote saying “Beersheba can mean either “well of the oath” or “well of seven.” (See note on [Genesis 21:32](../21/32.md)) -GEN 26 34 mr5x 0 General Information: Most of Genesis 26 was about Isaac. These verses are about his older son Esau. -GEN 26 34 n2fj translate-numbers 0 forty “40” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 26 34 f6p7 figs-explicit 0 he took a wife “he married.” You can state explicitly that he married two women. Alternate translation: “he took two wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 26 34 n6q3 translate-names 0 Judith…Basemath These are the names of Esau’s wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 34 vpc3 translate-names 0 Beeri…Elon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 34 es97 translate-names 0 the Hittite “the descendant of Heth” or “a descendant of Heth.” The Hittite people were the descendants of Heth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 26 35 tfu7 figs-metaphor 0 They brought sorrow to Isaac and Rebekah Here “they” refers to Judith and Basemath. To make someone sorrowful or miserable is spoken of as if “sorrow” were an object that a person could bring to another person. Alternate translation: “They made Isaac and Rebekah sorrowful” or “Isaac and Rebekah were miserable because of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 intro r9m3 0 # Genesis 27 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 27:27-29 and in 27:39-40.

## Special concepts in this chapter
### Blessing
In the ancient Near East, a father’s blessing was very important. This spoken blessing was legally binding. Jacob previously received the birthright from Esau and was guaranteed the double portion of land money that was supposed to be inherited by the older son, Esau. In this chapter, Jacob tricks Isaac into giving him Esau’s blessing. This means that he is to inherit the promises of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) -GEN 27 1 dk7f figs-metaphor 0 his eyes were dim This speaks about being nearly blind as if the eyes were a lamp and the light has nearly gone out. Alternate translation: “he was nearly blind” or “he was almost blind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 1 xl56 0 Here I am “I am here” or “I am listening.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). -GEN 27 2 chx2 figs-explicit 0 See here The phrase “see here” adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 2 r5ug figs-explicit 0 I do not know the day of my death It is implied that Isaac knows he will die soon. Alternate translation: “I may die any day now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 2 djk1 0 death This refers to physical death. -GEN 27 3 g526 0 General Information: Isaac continues giving instructions to his older son Isaac. -GEN 27 3 dk3j 0 your weapons “your hunting equipment” -GEN 27 3 q9sp figs-explicit 0 your quiver A quiver is a case for holding arrows. Alternate translation: “your quiver of arrows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 3 r6x1 0 hunt game for me “hunt a wild animal for me” -GEN 27 4 z48e figs-explicit 0 Make delicious food for me, the sort that I love The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. Alternate translation: “Cook for me the tasty meat that I love” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 4 wt6a 0 bless you In Bible times, a father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children. -GEN 27 5 xjr9 writing-background 0 This verse is background information for the description of the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 27 5 wkc6 writing-background 0 Now This verse is background information for the description of the events that follow. The word “now” shows that the author is going to begin to talk about Rebekah and Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 27 5 f3na 0 Rebekah heard it when Isaac spoke to Esau his son “Rebekah heard Isaac speaking to his son Esau” -GEN 27 5 wpq7 0 to Esau his son Esau was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Esau “his son” to emphasize that Isaac preferred Esau over Isaac. -GEN 27 6 jlu7 writing-background 0 This verse continues the background information that begins with the words “Now Rebekah heard” in verse 5. It is background information for the description of the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 27 6 fr9i grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Rebekah spoke to Jacob This verse continues the background information that begins with the words “Esau went…bring it back” in verse 5. It is background information for the description of the events that follow. After Esau leaves, Rebekah speaks to Jacob because of what she has heard. “So when Esau went…bring it back, Rebekah spoke to Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 27 6 j6cj 0 to Jacob her son Jacob was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Jacob “her son” here to emphasize that Rebekah preferred Jacob over Esau. -GEN 27 6 yc8h 0 See here The phrase “see here” adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully” -GEN 27 7 nl2j figs-quotesinquotes 0 ‘Bring me game and make me delicious food, that I may eat it and bless you in the presence of Yahweh before my death.’ These are the words that the author introduces with the words “He said” in verse 6. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “He told Esau to hunt a wild animal, and to make the tasty meat that he loves. Then before he dies, your father will bless Esau in the presence of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 27 7 chc2 0 Bring me game “Bring me a wild animal that you hunt and kill” -GEN 27 7 epu1 0 make me delicious food “cook for me the tasty meat that I love.” See how this was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). -GEN 27 7 tq2y 0 bless you in the presence of Yahweh “bless you before Yahweh” -GEN 27 7 ei7n 0 before my death “before I die” -GEN 27 8 f173 0 General Information: Rebekah continues to speak to her younger son Jacob. -GEN 27 8 y3a9 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 27 8 g188 figs-metonymy 0 obey my voice as I command you Rebekah said “my voice” to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: “obey me and do what I tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 27 9 vla2 0 I will make delicious food from them for your father, just like he loves The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). -GEN 27 10 jnw9 0 You will take it to your father “Then take it to your father” -GEN 27 10 y1kp 0 so that he may eat it, so that he may bless you “and after he eats it, he will bless you” -GEN 27 10 j39b 0 he may bless you The word “bless” refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. -GEN 27 10 g1ev 0 before his death “before he dies” -GEN 27 11 qtd3 0 I am a smooth man “I am a man with smooth skin” or “I am not hairy” -GEN 27 12 t3a4 0 I will seem to him as a deceiver “he will think that I am a liar” or “he will know that I am deceiving him” -GEN 27 12 s8h4 figs-metaphor 0 I will bring a curse upon me and not a blessing Being cursed or blessed is spoken of as if a curse and a blessing are objects that are placed on a person. Alternate translation: “Then because of this, he will curse me and not bless me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 13 svh3 figs-metaphor 0 My son, let any curse fall on me “let your curse be on me, my son.” Being cursed is spoken of as if the curse were on object that is placed on the person. Alternate translation: “let your father curse me instead of you, my son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 13 yj3y figs-metonymy 0 obey my voice Rebekah said “my voice” to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: “obey what I tell you” or “obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 27 13 p12u 0 bring them to me “bring me the young goats” -GEN 27 14 fje9 0 made delicious food, just like his father loved The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). -GEN 27 16 cd2u 0 She put the skins of the young goats on his hands The goat skins still had the hair on them. -GEN 27 17 zjt6 0 She put the delicious food and the bread that she had prepared into the hand of her son Jacob “She gave to her son Jacob the delicious food and bread which she had prepared” -GEN 27 18 ak4j 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). -GEN 27 19 rss2 0 I have done as you said to me “I have done what you told me to do” -GEN 27 19 h2fq 0 some of my game The word “game” refers to wild animals that someone hunts and kills. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:3](../27/03.md). -GEN 27 20 rke8 0 He said “Jacob replied” -GEN 27 20 wk6c figs-idiom 0 brought it to me This is an idiom meaning that God caused it to happen. Alternate translation: “helped me to succeed while hunting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 27 21 jmh1 0 whether you are my true son Esau or not “if you are really my son Esau” -GEN 27 22 zy8a 0 Jacob went over to Isaac his father “Jacob approached Isaac his father” -GEN 27 22 g574 figs-synecdoche 0 The voice is Jacob’s voice Here Issac speaks of Jacob’s voice as representing Jacob. Alternate translation: “You sound like Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 22 yi47 figs-synecdoche 0 but the hands are the hands of Esau Here Issac speaks of Esau’s hands as representing Esau. Alternate translation: “but your hands feel like Esau’s hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 24 wi51 figs-events 0 He said Isaac asks this question before blessing his son. Alternate translation: “But first Isaac asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 27 25 sqb8 0 eat of your game The word “game” refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). -GEN 27 25 w6sf 0 he drank “Isaac drank it” -GEN 27 27 tr1w figs-explicit 0 he smelled the smell of his clothes and blessed him It can be made explicit that the clothes smelled like Esau’s clothes. Alternate translation: “he smelled his clothes and they smelled like Esau’s clothes, so Isaac blessed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 27 nr5p 0 he smelled “Isaac smelled” -GEN 27 27 e57u 0 the smell “the scent” -GEN 27 27 t86t 0 blessed him “then he blessed him.” This refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. -GEN 27 27 m1kb 0 See, the smell of my son The word “see” is used as an emphatic figure of speech to mean “it is true.” Alternate translation: “Truly, the smell of my son” -GEN 27 27 s46h figs-idiom 0 that Yahweh has blessed Here the word “blessed” means that Yahweh has caused good things to happen to the field and it has become fruitful. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh has caused to be very productive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 27 28 q1wj 0 General Information: This is Isaac’s blessing. He thought he was speaking to Esau, but he was speaking to Jacob. -GEN 27 28 e1me figs-you 0 give you Here “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. But the blessing would also apply to Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 28 v1nn figs-explicit 0 dew of heaven “Dew” is drops of water that form on the plants during the night. This can be made explicit in the translation. Alternate translation: “night mist from heaven to water your crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 28 wst4 figs-metaphor 0 fatness of the earth Having fertile land is spoken of as if the earth were fat or rich. Alternate translation: “good soil for producing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 28 hlu3 figs-explicit 0 plenty of grain and new wine If “grain” and “wine” are unknown, this can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “plenty of food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 29 z9hr figs-you 0 you…your Here these pronouns are singular and refer to Jacob. But the blessing also applies to Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 29 i4ct figs-metonymy 0 nations bow down Here “nations” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “people from all nations bow down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 27 29 qa8g translate-symaction 0 bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 27 29 z1qi 0 Be master over your brothers “Become a master over your brothers” -GEN 27 29 lvg1 figs-synecdoche 0 your brothers…your mother’s sons Isaac is speaking this blessing directly to Jacob. But, it also applies to Jacob’s descendants who will rule over the descendants of Esau and the descendants of any other of Jacob’s brothers that he may have. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 29 vc3p 0 may your mother’s sons bow down to you “your mother’s sons will bow down to you” -GEN 27 29 af44 figs-activepassive 0 May every one who curses you be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God curse everyone who curses you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 27 29 rwr2 figs-activepassive 0 may every one who blesses you be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God bless everyone who blesses you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 27 30 dae7 0 had scarcely gone out from the presence of Isaac his father “had just left the tent of Isaac his father” -GEN 27 31 htl4 0 delicious food “tasty meat that I love.” See how this was translated in [Genesis 27:3](../27/03.md). -GEN 27 31 jjd8 figs-123person 0 some of your son’s game Here “your son’s” was a polite way of Esau referring to his own food he prepared. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 27 31 r39y 0 your son’s game The word “game” refers to wild animals that people hunt to eat. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). -GEN 27 31 p6yp 0 bless me This refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. -GEN 27 32 qzp4 0 said to him “said to Esau” -GEN 27 33 s8l1 0 Isaac trembled “Isaac began to shake” -GEN 27 33 vrt1 0 hunted this game Game refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). -GEN 27 34 g5y4 figs-metaphor 0 he cried with a very great and bitter cry Esau’s anguish was similar to the taste of something bitter. Alternate translation: “he cried loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 35 xrv3 figs-metaphor 0 has taken away your blessing This is a figure of speech meaning Jacob took what was Esau’s. Alternate translation: “I have blessed him instead of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 36 vpk4 figs-rquestion 0 Is he not rightly named Jacob? Esau uses a question to emphasize his anger at Jacob. Alternate translation: “Jacob is certainly the right name for my brother!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 27 36 rq3b 0 Jacob Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Jacob means ‘he grasps the heel.’ In the original language the name ‘Jacob’ also sounds like the word for ‘he deceives.’” -GEN 27 36 s7al figs-metaphor 0 He took away my birthright This speaks about a birthright as if it were an object that a person could take away. Alternate translation: “What was once my birthright is now his because he tricked me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 36 d3f1 figs-metaphor 0 now he has taken away my blessing This speaks about a blessing as if it were an object that person could take away. Alternate translation: “now he has tricked you into blessing him instead of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 36 bej9 0 Have you not reserved a blessing for me Esau knows that his father cannot bless him with the same things that he blessed Jacob. Esau is asking if there is anything left to say to him that Isaac did not say while blessing Jacob. -GEN 27 37 z3vr figs-rquestion 0 What more can I do for you, my son? Isaac uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing else he can do. Alternate translation: “There is nothing else I can do for you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 27 38 xf7q 0 Have you not even one blessing for me, my father This can be stated in positive form. “My father, do you have one more blessing for me” -GEN 27 39 yu4i 0 said to him “said to Esau” -GEN 27 39 j4p8 0 Look, the place “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the place” -GEN 27 39 ykr5 figs-metaphor 0 far from the richness of the earth This is a figure of speech referring to the earth’s fertility. Alternate translation: “far from the fertile soil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 39 xpl9 figs-explicit 0 dew of the sky above “Dew” is drops of water that form on the plants during the night. This can be made explicit in the translation. Alternate translation: “the night mist from the sky to water your crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 40 vn48 figs-synecdoche 0 your…you In 27:39-40 these pronouns are singular and refer to Esau, but what Isaac says also applies to Esau’s descendants (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 40 tzg9 figs-metonymy 0 By your sword you will live Here “sword” stands for violence. Alternate translation: “You will rob and kill people in order to get what you need to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 27 40 rvk2 figs-metaphor 0 you will shake his yoke from off your neck This speaks about someone having a master as if the master’s control over the person were a yoke that the person had to carry. Alternate translation: “you will free yourself from his control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 41 ajl9 figs-synecdoche 0 Esau said in his heart Here “heart” stands for Esau himself. Alternate translation: “Esau said to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 27 41 f5u3 0 days of mourning for my father are near This refers to a number of days a person grieves when a family member dies. -GEN 27 42 xuy8 figs-activepassive 0 The words of Esau her older son were told to Rebekah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Rebekah about Esau’s plan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 27 42 f45j 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” -GEN 27 42 n35u 0 is consoling himself “is making himself feel better” -GEN 27 43 n2yn 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 27 43 h9zp 0 flee to Laban “leave here quickly and go to Laban” -GEN 27 44 f6w6 0 for a while “for a period of time” -GEN 27 44 nuh4 0 until your brother’s fury subsides “until you brother calms down” -GEN 27 45 bkx2 figs-metaphor 0 until your brother’s anger turns away from you No longer being angry is spoken of as if the anger turns to a different direction away from the person. Alternate translation: “until he is no longer angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 27 45 s57p figs-rquestion 0 Why should I lose you both in one day? Rebekah uses a question to emphasize her concern. Alternate translation: “I do not want to lose both of you in one day!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 27 45 b5v1 figs-explicit 0 I lose you both in one day It is implied that if Esau kills Jacob, then they will execute Esau as a murderer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 27 45 mt31 figs-euphemism 0 I lose This is a polite way of referring to her sons dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 27 46 z2lw figs-hyperbole 0 I am weary of life Rebekah is exaggerating to emphasize how upset she is about the Hittite women that Esau married. Alternate translation: “I am terribly upset” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 27 46 d19k 0 the daughters of Heth “these Hittite women” or “descendants of Heth” -GEN 27 46 ujy2 figs-idiom 0 like these women, some of the daughters of the land The phrase “daughters of the land” means the local females. Alternate translation: “like these women who live in this land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 27 46 z91x figs-rquestion 0 what good will my life be to me? Rebekah uses a question to emphasize how upset she would be if Jacob marries a Hittite woman. Alternate translation: “My life will be awful!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 28 intro t611 0 # Genesis 28 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Even though Jacob tricked his father in order to receive Esau’s blessing, the chapter repeats the blessing, ensuring he inherits the blessings promised to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob’s dream
Jacob had a dream or received a vision. The purpose of this dream is to show that, despite Jacob’s sin, God is giving Abraham’s covenant promises to Jacob and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Bethel
This was an important city for Abraham and his descendants. It is possible that there is some theological significance to the city of Bethel. -GEN 28 1 nl2p 0 You must not take “Do not take” -GEN 28 2 jcc6 0 Arise, go “Go right away” -GEN 28 2 ptv8 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 2 dv3j figs-metonymy 0 house of This refers to a person’s descendants or other relatives. Alternate translation: “family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 28 2 m29w translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 2 dh9y 0 your mother’s father “your grandfather” -GEN 28 2 fqr7 0 one of the daughters “from the daughters” -GEN 28 2 a74b 0 your mother’s brother “your uncle” -GEN 28 3 u2mm 0 General Information: Isaac continues speaking to Jacob -GEN 28 3 qw5a figs-doublet 0 make you fruitful and multiply you The word “multiply” explains how God would make Jacob “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “give you many children and descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 28 4 nas7 figs-metaphor 0 May he give you the blessing of Abraham, to you, and to your descendants after you This speaks about blessing someone as if a blessing were an object that a person can give. The abstract noun “the blessing” can be stated as “bless.” Alternate translation: “May God bless you and your descendants as he blessed Abraham” or “May God give to you and your descendants what he promised to Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 28 4 eja3 figs-metaphor 0 that you may inherit the land God giving the land of Canaan to Jacob and his descendants is spoken of as if a child were inheriting money or possessions from his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 28 4 da2s 0 the land where you have been living “the land where you have been staying” -GEN 28 4 yx4w 0 which God gave to Abraham “which God promised to Abraham” -GEN 28 5 c4ky translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 5 ses3 translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 6 b2pg 0 General Information: The story changes from Jacob to Esau -GEN 28 6 mjy9 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 28 6 ic25 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 6 avf6 0 to take a wife “to take a wife for himself” -GEN 28 6 epz3 0 He also saw that Isaac had blessed him “Esau also saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob” -GEN 28 6 xj5i 0 You must not take “Do not take” -GEN 28 6 sp4g 0 women of Canaan “daughters of Canaan” or “Canaanite women” -GEN 28 8 gmv1 0 General Information: This continues the background information about Esau. -GEN 28 8 h454 0 Esau saw “Esau realized” -GEN 28 8 a14e 0 the women of Canaan did not please Isaac his father “his father Isaac did not approve of the women of Canaan” -GEN 28 8 sp9b 0 women of Canaan “daughters of Canaan” or “the Canaanite women” -GEN 28 9 pn6x 0 So he went “Because of that, he went” -GEN 28 9 e5ya 0 besides the wives that he had “in addition to the wives that he already had” -GEN 28 9 l4pn translate-names 0 Mahalath This is the name of one of Ishmael’s daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 9 su64 translate-names 0 Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 10 uh6w 0 General Information: The story switches back to Jacob -GEN 28 11 ru38 0 He came to a certain place and stayed there all night, because the sun had set “He came to a certain place and, because the sun had set, he decided to stay for the night” -GEN 28 12 mwk8 0 He dreamed “Jacob had a dream” -GEN 28 12 z48g 0 set up on the earth “with the bottom of it touching the ground” -GEN 28 12 pn7d 0 reached to heaven This refers to the place where God lives. -GEN 28 13 ax75 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 28 13 wwx2 0 Yahweh stood above it Possible meanings are (1) “Yahweh was standing at the top of the stairway” or (2) “Yahweh was standing next to Jacob” -GEN 28 13 a91d 0 Abraham your father Here “father” means “ancestor.” Alternate translation: “Abraham your ancestor” or “Abraham your forefather” -GEN 28 14 j413 0 General Information: God continues to talk to Jacob in a dream. -GEN 28 14 wu5i figs-simile 0 Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth God compares Jacob’s descendants to the dust of the earth to emphasize their huge number. Alternate translation: “You will have more descendants than you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 28 14 pyi5 figs-metonymy 0 you will spread far out to the west The word “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “your descendants will spread out to the west” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 28 14 fby4 0 you will spread far out This means the people will extend the borders of their land and occupy more territory. -GEN 28 14 hn6s figs-synecdoche 0 to the west, to the east, to the north, and to the south This phrases are used together to mean “all directions.” Alternate translation: “in all directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 28 14 i1qm figs-activepassive 0 Through you and through your descendants will all the families of the earth be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all families on the earth through you and your descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 28 15 yb1m 0 Behold, I am “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I am” -GEN 28 15 n4tr 0 for I will not leave you. I will do all “for I will not leave you until I have done all” -GEN 28 15 gr8q 0 I will keep you “I will keep you safe” or “I will protect you” -GEN 28 15 em1w 0 I will bring you into this land again “I will bring you back to this land” -GEN 28 16 t191 0 awoke out of his sleep “woke up from his sleep” -GEN 28 17 h8p1 figs-doublet 0 the house of God…the gate of heaven The phrase “the gate of heaven” explains that this place is the entrance to “the house of God” and “the entrance to where God lives.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 28 17 hc3f figs-metaphor 0 This is the gate of heaven This speaks about the entrance to the place where God lives as if it were a literal kingdom that had a gate that someone has to open to let people in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 28 18 e2b6 0 pillar This is a memorial pillar, that is, simply a large stone or boulder set up on its end. -GEN 28 18 grd4 translate-symaction 0 poured oil upon the top of it This action symbolizes that Jacob is dedicating the pillar to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “poured oil on the top of it in order to dedicate the pillar to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 28 19 hv4e 0 Bethel Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Bethel means ‘house of God.’” -GEN 28 19 u3i9 translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 28 20 bas3 0 Connecting Statement: Jacob begins to make a vow to Yahweh. -GEN 28 20 p422 0 vowed a vow “made a vow” or “solemnly promised God” -GEN 28 20 dm3m figs-123person 0 If God will…clothes to wear Jacob is speaking to God in the third person. This can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “If you will…clothes to wear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 28 20 ye9d figs-metonymy 0 on this road on which I am walking This stands for Jacob’s journey to find a wife and to return home. Alternate translation: “on this journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 28 20 vwl3 figs-synecdoche 0 will give me bread to eat Here “bread” stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 28 21 t1uz 0 Connecting Statement: The vow that began with the words “If God will…clothes to wear” in verse 20 continues here. -GEN 28 21 my56 figs-123person 0 so that I return safely…then Yahweh will be my God The vow that began with the words “If God will…clothes to wear” in verse 20 continues here. Jacob is speaking to God in the third person. This can be stated in the second person. “If you will…clothes to wear…so that I return safely…then you, Yahweh, will be the God that I will worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 28 21 lw1z figs-metonymy 0 to my father’s house Here “house” stands for Jacob’s family. Alternate translation: “to my father and the rest of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 28 22 auv9 0 a sacred stone This means that the stone will mark the place where God appeared to him and it will be a place where people can worship God. Alternate translation: “God’s house” or “God’s place” -GEN 29 intro cbq8 0 # Genesis 29 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
This chapter records the conflict between Jacob’s wives, Rachel and Leah. This account continues into the next chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Shepherds
Although the exact reasoning for the shepherds’ unwillingness to give water to the sheep is unknown, it is probable they were being lazy. The actions of these shepherds contrast Jacob’s actions.

### Kissing
It was common in the ancient Near East for relatives to greet each other with a kiss. There was nothing sexual about this type of kissing.

### Marriage
It was customary in the ancient Near East for a man to work for a woman’s father in order to earn the right to marry her. It is unknown how common it was for a father to have his younger daughter marry before an older daughter. It was also sinful for Jacob to marry more than one wife. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -GEN 29 1 lq7q 0 the people of the east This means the people of Paddan Aram, which is a land east of the land of Canaan. -GEN 29 2 jxn8 0 and, behold, three flocks of sheep were lying there by it The word “behold” marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. -GEN 29 2 hn73 writing-background 0 For out of that well “For from that well.” This phrase marks a change from the story to background information about how the shepherds watered the flocks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 29 2 lfz9 0 they would water “the shepherds would water” or “those taking care of the sheep would water” -GEN 29 2 e7ms figs-idiom 0 the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 29 4 uup8 0 Jacob said to them “Jacob said to the shepherds” -GEN 29 4 th3u 0 My brothers This is a polite way to greet a stranger. -GEN 29 5 l8t8 0 Laban son of Nahor Here “son” refers to a male descendant. Another possible meaning is “Laban the grandson of Nahor.” -GEN 29 6 g1kl 0 and, look there, Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep “Now look! Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep” -GEN 29 7 vjn6 0 it is the middle of the day “the sun is still high in the sky” or “the sun is still shining brightly” -GEN 29 7 wsp1 figs-activepassive 0 for the flocks to be gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for you to gather the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 29 7 kul5 figs-explicit 0 to be gathered together This means to gather them together inside a fence for them to stay for the night. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 29 7 eea1 0 let them graze “let them eat grass in the field” -GEN 29 8 vp42 0 We cannot water them “We have to wait to water them.” This has to do with timing, not permission. -GEN 29 8 w41a figs-activepassive 0 until all the flocks are gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the other shepherds gather their flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 29 8 q2rs figs-idiom 0 from the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “from the well” or “from the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 29 8 f3hm 0 and we will water the sheep “then we will water the sheep” -GEN 29 10 lk18 0 his mother’s brother “his uncle” -GEN 29 10 l4ls figs-idiom 0 the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “the well” or “the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 29 11 dr7v 0 Jacob kissed Rachel In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it is normally done between men. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. -GEN 29 11 bje4 figs-explicit 0 wept loudly Jacob weeps because he is so happy. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 29 12 rxl5 0 her father’s relative “related to her father” -GEN 29 13 vkr1 0 his sister’s son “his nephew” -GEN 29 13 g5et 0 embraced him “hugged him” -GEN 29 13 arl7 0 kissed him In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it is normally done between men. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. -GEN 29 13 ze3q 0 Jacob told Laban all these things “then Jacob told Laban everything he told Rachel” -GEN 29 14 klc2 figs-metonymy 0 my bone and my flesh This phrase means they are directly related. Alternate translation: “my relative” or “a member of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 29 15 i5a9 figs-rquestion 0 Should you serve me for nothing…my relative? Laban uses a question to emphasize that he should pay Jacob for working for him. The question can be translated as a statement. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “It is certainly right that I should pay you for working for me even though you are my relative.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) -GEN 29 16 yvd6 writing-background 0 Now Laban had The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Laban and his daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 29 17 daa9 0 Leah’s eyes were tender Possible meanings are (1) “Leah’s eyes were pretty” or (2) “Leah’s eyes were plain” -GEN 29 18 jsx9 0 Jacob loved Rachel Here the word “loved” refers to a romantic attraction between a man and a woman. -GEN 29 19 d6zk 0 than that I should give her to another man “rather than give her to another man” -GEN 29 20 p6uz 0 and they seemed to him only a few days “but the time seemed to him to be only a few days” -GEN 29 20 p7wx 0 for the love he had for her “on account of the love he had for her” or “because of his love for her” -GEN 29 21 nz7t figs-activepassive 0 Give me my wife, for my days have been completed—so that I may marry her! The phrase “have been completed” can be stated in active form. The statement is emphatic. Alternate translation: Give me my wife, so that I may marry her, for I have completed the length of time that I was to work for you!”Give me Rachel so that I may marry her, for I have worked seven years for you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 29 22 kln5 figs-metonymy 0 made a feast “prepared a wedding feast.” Most likely Laban had others prepare the feast. Alternate translation: “had others prepare a wedding feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 29 23 q4m4 figs-euphemism 0 who went in to her “who had sexual relations with her.” You may need to use other, more polite words here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 29 24 yic2 writing-background 0 Laban gave his female servant Zilpah…her servant Here the author gives background information about Laban giving Zilpah to Leah. Most likely he gave Zilpah to Leah before the wedding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 29 24 n874 translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 29 25 m2hu 0 behold, it was Leah “Jacob was surprised to see it was Leah in bed with him.” The word “behold” here shows that Jacob was surprised by what he saw. -GEN 29 25 ji15 figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done to me? Jacob uses a question to express his anger and surprise. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 29 25 g6rs figs-rquestion 0 Did I not serve you for Rachel? Jacob uses these questions to express his hurt that Laban had tricked him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I served you for seven years to marry Rachel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 29 26 gfg2 0 It is not our custom to give “In our family we do not give” -GEN 29 27 ly1t 0 Complete the bridal week of this daughter “Finish celebrating Leah’s bridal week” -GEN 29 27 vma8 figs-explicit 0 we will give you the other also The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “next week we will give you Rachel also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 29 28 a6qr 0 Jacob did so, and completed Leah’s week “And Jacob did what Laban asked, and finished celebrating Leah’s bridal week” -GEN 29 29 g7yl translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 29 30 zix1 figs-euphemism 0 Jacob went in to Rachel “Jacob had sexual relations with Rachel.” You may need to use other, more polite words here. See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 29:23](../29/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 29 30 q996 0 he loved Rachel This refers to the romantic love between a man and a woman. -GEN 29 31 s19a figs-activepassive 0 Leah was not loved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jacob did not love Leah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 29 31 lk3e figs-hyperbole 0 not loved This is an exaggeration to emphasize that Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah. Alternate translation: “loved less than Rachel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 29 31 t2ud figs-metaphor 0 so he opened her womb God causing Leah to be able to become pregnant is spoken of as if God is opening her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 29 31 snn8 0 was childless “was not able to become pregnant” -GEN 29 32 w9x3 0 Leah conceived and bore a son “Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son” -GEN 29 32 j9j3 translate-names 0 she called his name Reuben Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Reuben means ‘See, a son.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 29 32 p4ip figs-abstractnouns 0 Yahweh has looked upon my affliction Leah was experiencing emotional pain because Jacob had rejected her. The abstract noun “affliction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Yahweh saw that I was suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 29 33 ff7r 0 Then she conceived “Then Leah became pregnant” -GEN 29 33 jl8z 0 bore a son “gave birth to a son” -GEN 29 33 djc1 figs-activepassive 0 Yahweh has heard that I am unloved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has heard that my husband does not love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 29 33 dlg9 translate-names 0 she called his name Simeon Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Simeon means ‘heard.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 29 34 tv8t 0 will my husband be attached to me “my husband will embrace me” -GEN 29 34 q2up 0 I have borne him three sons “I have given birth to three sons for him” -GEN 29 34 bz8c translate-names 0 his name was called Levi Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Levi means ‘attached.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 29 35 x9x6 0 She conceived again “Leah became pregnant again” -GEN 29 35 acb5 0 bore a son “gave birth to a son” -GEN 29 35 xp9g translate-names 0 she called his name Judah Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Judah means ‘praise.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 intro g8rn 0 # Genesis 30 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the story of the conflict between Rachel and Leah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Women and their children
In the ancient Near East, it was important for a married woman to have many children. If a woman did not have many children, people believed it brought shame upon her. This is one of the reasons why Rachel and Leah were always jealous of each other. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]])

### Speckled and spotted
Speckled and spotted sheep were considered to be imperfect. Therefore, they were considered to be much less valuable than the spotless sheep. Despite Jacob’s fair offer, Laban once again tried to cheat him out of something he deserved. Jacob anticipated Laban’s cheating. -GEN 30 1 b8mq 0 When Rachel saw that she bore Jacob no children “When Rachel realized that she was unable to become preganant” -GEN 30 1 ct56 figs-hyperbole 0 I will die Rachel is exaggerating to show how upset she is about not having children. Alternate translation: “I will feel completely worthless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 30 1 v6l6 0 Give me children “Cause me to become pregnant” -GEN 30 2 rs2s figs-metaphor 0 Jacob’s anger burned against Rachel Jacob’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Jacob was very angry with Rachel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 30 2 b7dm figs-rquestion 0 Am I in the place of God, who has kept you from having children? This is a rhetorical question that Jacob uses to scold Rachel. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not God! I am not the one who is preventing you from having children!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 30 3 dh9k 0 She said “Rachel said” -GEN 30 3 y5pn 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” -GEN 30 3 rc5q figs-explicit 0 there is my servant Bilhah…I will have children by her At that time, this was an acceptable way for a barren woman to have children that would legally belong to her. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 30 3 u6p8 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). -GEN 30 3 fqb3 figs-euphemism 0 Go in to her This is a polite way of talking about sexual relations. You may need to use different words in your language. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 30 3 jt2n figs-idiom 0 on my knees This is a way of saying that the child that Bilhah gives birth to will belong to Rachel. Alternate translation: “for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 30 3 fu33 0 I will have children by her “and in this way she will cause me to have children” -GEN 30 4 m19u figs-euphemism 0 Jacob went in to her This is a polite way of talking about sexual relations. You may need to use different words in your language. Alternate translation: “Jacob had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 30 5 e6rx 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). -GEN 30 5 j1wf 0 bore Jacob a son “gave birth to a son for Jacob” -GEN 30 6 m82y 0 she called his name “Rachel gave him the name” -GEN 30 6 qy9x translate-names 0 called his name Dan Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Dan means ‘he judged.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 7 d11y 0 Bilhah…conceived again “Bilhah…became pregnant again” -GEN 30 7 e4tc 0 bore Jacob a second son “gave birth to a second son for Jacob” -GEN 30 8 xbz2 figs-idiom 0 With mighty wrestlings have I wrestled with my sister The phrase “wrestlings have I wrestled” is an idiom used for emphasis. It is also a metaphor that speaks of Rachel’s attempts to have a child like her sister as if she were having a physical fight with Leah. Alternate translation: “I have had a great struggle to have children like my older sister, Leah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 30 8 p9q6 0 have prevailed “I have won” or “I have succeeded” -GEN 30 8 gy77 0 called his name Naphtali Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Naphtali means ‘my struggle.’” -GEN 30 9 n7if 0 When Leah saw that “When Leah became aware that” -GEN 30 9 ct6f 0 she took Zilpah, her servant, and gave her to Jacob as a wife “she gave Zilpah, her servant, to Jacob as a wife” -GEN 30 9 mw56 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). -GEN 30 10 pf1k 0 bore Jacob a son “gave birth to a son for Jacob” -GEN 30 11 ml48 0 This is fortunate! “How fortunate!” or “What good luck!” -GEN 30 11 hmk8 0 called his name Gad Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Gad means ‘fortunate.’” -GEN 30 12 sp7h translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 12 cbx9 0 bore Jacob a second son “gave birth to a second son for Jacob” -GEN 30 13 c2du 0 I am happy! “How blessed I am!” or “How happy I am!” -GEN 30 13 i9pt 0 the daughters “the women” or “the young women” -GEN 30 13 q84q translate-names 0 called his name Asher Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Asher means ‘happy.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 14 k7d6 0 Reuben went “Reuben went out” -GEN 30 14 yv13 figs-idiom 0 in the days of wheat harvest Here the phrase “in the days of” is an idiom that refers to the season or time of year. Alternate translation: “at the time of year of the wheat harvest” or “during the wheat harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 30 14 t6zn translate-unknown 0 mandrakes This is a fruit that was said to increase fertility and the desire to sleep with one’s lover. Alternate translation: “love fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 30 15 uq87 figs-rquestion 0 Is it a small matter to you…my husband? “Do you not care…my husband?” This is a rhetorical question used to scold Rachel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is bad enough…my husband.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 30 15 h684 figs-rquestion 0 Do you now want…too? This is a rhetorical question, used to scold Rachel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want…too!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 30 15 ku4g figs-euphemism 0 Then he will lie with you Here “lie with” is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Then Jacob will have sexual intercourse with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 30 16 y5di figs-euphemism 0 You must come in to me Here “come in to” is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “You must have sexual intercourse with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 30 16 c6r1 0 with my son’s mandrakes “for the price of my son’s mandrakes.” See how you translated “mandrake” in [Genesis 30:14](../30/14.md). -GEN 30 17 k8h8 0 she conceived “She became pregnant” -GEN 30 17 ew6t 0 bore Jacob a fifth son “gave birth to a fifth son for Jacob” -GEN 30 18 k9kl figs-metaphor 0 God has given me my wages God rewarding Leah is spoken of as if he were a boss paying wages to someone who works for him. Alternate translation: “God has given my due” or “God has rewarded me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 30 18 n1d3 0 She called his name Issachar Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Issachar means ‘there is a reward.’” -GEN 30 19 u4y3 0 Leah conceived again “Leah became pregnant again” -GEN 30 19 i5p8 0 bore a sixth son to Jacob “gave birth to a sixth son for Jacob” -GEN 30 20 my2k 0 She called his name Zebulun Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Zebulun means ‘honor.’” -GEN 30 21 glq4 translate-names 0 called her name Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 22 tj2w figs-idiom 0 God called Rachel to mind and listened to her The phrase “call to mind” means to remember. This does not mean God forgot about Rachel. It means he considered her request. Alternate translation: “God considered Rachel and granted to her what she wanted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 30 23 ql6d figs-metaphor 0 God has taken away my shame God causing Rachel to no longer feel ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that person could take away from someone else. The abstract noun “shame” can be stated as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “God has caused me to no longer feel ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 30 24 lyt5 translate-names 0 She called his name Joseph Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Joseph means ‘may he add.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 30 24 lif6 0 Yahweh has added to me another son Rachel’s first sons were through her female servant Bilhah. -GEN 30 25 a2ai 0 After Rachel had borne Joseph “After Rachel gave birth to Joseph” -GEN 30 26 jpd7 0 and let me go “so I can go” -GEN 30 26 n1c9 figs-abstractnouns 0 you know the service I have given you Jacob is reminding Laban of their contract ([Genesis Gen 29:27](../29/26.md)). The abstract noun “service” can be stated as “served.” Alternate translation: “you know that I have served you long enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 30 27 wnz1 0 Laban said to him “Laban said to Jacob” -GEN 30 27 f6ny figs-metaphor 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 30 27 hl6m figs-idiom 0 found favor This is an idiom that means that someone is approved of by someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 30 27 f5lu 0 wait, because “please stay, because” -GEN 30 27 ww4z 0 I have learned by using divination “I have discovered by my own spiritual and magical practices” -GEN 30 27 nl2u 0 for your sake “because of you” -GEN 30 28 unx9 figs-explicit 0 Name your wages This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “Tell me how much I have to pay to keep you here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 30 29 wk5n 0 Jacob said to him “Jacob said to Laban” -GEN 30 29 va18 0 how your livestock have fared with me “how well your livestock have done since I started taking care of them” -GEN 30 30 wm8b 0 For you had little before I came “your herds were small before I worked for you” -GEN 30 30 cxf4 0 and it has increased abundantly “but now your wealth has greatly increased” -GEN 30 30 yq88 figs-rquestion 0 Now when will I provide for my own household also? “Now when will I take care of my own family?” Jacob uses a question to emphasize that he wants to start providing for his own family. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now I want to take care of my family!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 30 31 guq7 figs-explicit 0 What will I pay you “What can I pay you” or “What can I give you.” This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “What can I pay you so that you stay and work for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 30 31 p7p2 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 If you will do this thing for me The connecting word “But” can be used at the beginning to show that what Jacob is about to say contrasts with what he just said. Alternate translation: “But if you will do this thing for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 30 31 b25k 0 this thing The phrase “this thing” refers to what Jacob will propose in verse 32. -GEN 30 31 b9ys 0 feed your flock and keep it “feed and take care of your flock” -GEN 30 32 d9j2 0 removing from it every speckled and spotted sheep, and every black one among the sheep, and the spotted and speckled among the goats “and remove every sheep with spots, every black sheep, and every goat with spots” -GEN 30 32 nqn7 0 These will be my wages “This will be the cost of keeping me here” -GEN 30 33 rd2c figs-personification 0 My integrity will testify for me later on The word “integrity” means “honesty.” This speaks about integrity as if it were a person who could testify for or against another person. Alternate translation: “And later you will know if I have been honest with you or not” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 30 33 c2ni figs-activepassive 0 Every one that is not speckled and spotted among the goats, and black among the sheep, if any are found with me, will be considered to be stolen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find any goats without spots or any sheep that are not black, you can consider them stolen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 30 34 uk57 0 Let it be according to your word “Let it be as you say” or “We will do what you have said” -GEN 30 35 w5h3 0 that were striped and spotted “that had stripes and spots” -GEN 30 35 vgj7 0 that were speckled and spotted “that had spots” -GEN 30 35 yj5c 0 every one that had white in it “every goat that had some white in it” -GEN 30 35 wxg5 0 all the black ones among the sheep “all the black sheep” -GEN 30 35 kx5r figs-metonymy 0 gave them into the hand Here “hand” stands for control or care. Alternate translation: “had his sons take care of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 30 37 q2ef translate-unknown 0 fresh poplar…almond…plane tree These are all trees with white wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 30 37 i1xk 0 peeled white streaks in them, and made the white inner wood appear that was in the sticks “peeled off pieces of bark so that the white wood underneath would show” -GEN 30 38 m1gg 0 the watering troughs long open containers for holding water for animals to drink -GEN 30 39 w5f7 0 The flocks bred “The animals of the flocks conceived” or “The animals mated” -GEN 30 39 u7ap 0 produced striped, speckled, and spotted young “gave birth to babies with stripes and spots” -GEN 30 40 i58f figs-explicit 0 Jacob separated It can be made explicit that this happened over several years. Alternate translation: “During the several years following, Jacob separated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 30 40 ff1z 0 face toward “look toward” -GEN 30 40 y79l 0 he separated out his flocks for himself alone “he set his flocks apart” -GEN 30 41 l916 figs-synecdoche 0 before the eyes of the flock Here the flock’s “eyes” represent the sheep and emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “so that the flock could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 30 41 s3qy 0 among the sticks “in front of the sticks” -GEN 30 42 sm36 0 the feebler animals “the weaker animals” -GEN 30 42 z6j6 figs-explicit 0 So the feebler animals were Laban’s, and the stronger were Jacob’s “So the weaker offspring belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring belonged to Jacob.” You can make this even more explicit. Alternate translation: “So the weaker offspring did not have stripes or spots and so belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring did have stripes or spots and so belonged to Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 30 43 qp8n 0 The man “Jacob” -GEN 30 43 be3r 0 became very prosperous “greatly prospered” or “became very wealthy” -GEN 31 intro zw5h 0 # Genesis 31 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s blessing
When Jacob left Paddam Aram, he left very wealthy. Despite his punishment of exile from Canaan, God still blessed Jacob and his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Household gods
Although a few scholars believe the possession of the household gods was a sign of inheritance, this seems unlikely. It is probable that Rachel believed these idols would bring them “good luck” and would bring them great blessing. This was sinful because they were to trust in Yahweh, who already promised to bless them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Irony
Laban’s sons complained that Jacob cheated them out of their father’s possessions. It was their father who tried to cheat Jacob out of what he promised to give Jacob. Jacob treated his brother Esau in the same way. Jacob cheated Esau out of their father’s blessing. -GEN 31 1 q6pl 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. -GEN 31 1 bae1 0 Jacob heard the words of Laban’s sons, that they said “Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were saying” -GEN 31 1 j4tu figs-hyperbole 0 Jacob has taken away all that was our father’s Laban’s sons were exaggerating because they were angry. Alternate translation: “Everything that Jacob has taken belonged to our father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 31 2 dj32 figs-parallelism 0 Jacob saw the look on Laban’s face. He saw that his attitude toward him had changed These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second explains the look that Jacob saw on Laban’s face. Alternate translation: “Jacob noticed that Laban was no longer pleased with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 31 3 dy3j 0 your fathers “your father Isaac and your grandfather Abraham” -GEN 31 4 s242 0 Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field to his flock “Jacob sent for Rachel and Leah and told them to meet him out in the field with the flocks” -GEN 31 5 zwf5 figs-sentences 0 and said to them You can start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He said to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-sentences]]) -GEN 31 5 m3hk 0 I see your father’s attitude toward me has changed “I have noticed your father is no longer pleased with me” -GEN 31 6 j527 figs-you 0 You know that it is with all my strength that I have served your father The word “you” here refers to both Rachel and Leah. It also adds emphasis. Alternate translation: “You yourselves know that I have served your father with all my strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 31 7 z2br 0 has deceived me “has lied to me” or “has not treated me fairly” -GEN 31 7 gi9n 0 my wages “what he said he would pay me” -GEN 31 7 j7hr 0 to hurt me Possible meanings are (1) physical harm or (2) to cause Jacob to suffer in any way. -GEN 31 8 czw6 0 The speckled animals “The animals with spots” -GEN 31 8 cah9 0 the flock bore “the flock gave birth to” -GEN 31 8 yfc5 0 The striped “The animals with stripes” -GEN 31 9 z1nb 0 In this way God has taken away the livestock of your father and given them to me “This is how God gave your father’s animals to me” -GEN 31 10 ff24 0 General Information: Jacob continues his story to his wives Leah and Rachel. -GEN 31 10 b7lk 0 Once at the time of breeding season “During the breeding season” -GEN 31 10 g7hi figs-synecdoche 0 mating with the flock Here “flock” represents only the female goats. Alternate translation: “mating with the female goats of the flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 31 10 bp2h 0 were striped, speckled, and spotted “had stripes, little spots, and big spots” -GEN 31 11 sp9t 0 angel of God Possible meanings are (1) God himself appeared as a man or (2) one of God’s messengers appeared. Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of God,” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” -GEN 31 11 t3sj 0 I said “And I answered” -GEN 31 11 z5w7 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). -GEN 31 12 qi7z 0 General Information: The angel of the Lord continues to talk to Jacob ([Genesis 31:10](../31/10.md)). -GEN 31 12 ta2d figs-idiom 0 Lift up your eyes This is a way of saying “Look up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 31 12 zf86 figs-synecdoche 0 that are breeding with the flock Here “flock” stands for only the female goats. Alternate translation: “that are breeding with the female goats of the flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 31 12 w88y 0 are striped, speckled, and spotted “have stripes and spots” -GEN 31 13 c737 translate-symaction 0 where you anointed a pillar Jacob poured oil on the pillar to dedicate it to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 31 13 qa2q 0 the land of your birth “the land where you were born” -GEN 31 14 bwh9 0 Rachel and Leah answered and said to him This does not mean they talked at the same time. It emphasizes they agreed with each other. -GEN 31 14 ir9t figs-rquestion 0 Is there any portion or inheritance for us in our father’s house? Rachel and Leah use a question to emphasize that there is nothing left for their father to give. Alternate translation: “There is absolutely nothing left for us to inherit from our father!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 31 15 sxw7 figs-rquestion 0 Are we not treated by him as foreigners? They use a question to show their anger about how their father treats them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Our father treats us like a foreign women instead of daughters!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 31 15 y7ge figs-explicit 0 For he has sold us This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “He has sold us for his own gain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 31 15 z4i2 figs-metaphor 0 has also completely devoured our money Laban completely using up the money that he should have given to his daughters is spoken of as if he were a wild beast that ate the money as if it were food. Alternate translation: “he completely used up our money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 31 16 vbk7 0 are now ours and our children’s “belongs to us and to our children” -GEN 31 16 vi8d 0 Now then Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 31 16 g6k9 0 whatever God has said to you, do it “do all that God has told you” -GEN 31 17 vr3n figs-explicit 0 his sons Jacob took all of his children. It only mentions the sons because they are important as his heirs. Alternate translation: “his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 31 18 n4b2 0 He drove all his livestock “He drove all his cattle.” Here “livestock” is referring to all his domesticate animals. -GEN 31 18 xzk2 0 including the livestock he had acquired in Paddan Aram “and the other herd of cattle which he took ownership of when he was in Paddan Aram” -GEN 31 18 pgg7 0 Then he set out to go to his father Isaac in the land of Canaan “He went to the land of Canaan, where his father Isaac lived” -GEN 31 19 ct6p 0 When Laban had gone to shear his sheep “When Laban had left to cut the wool off of his sheep” -GEN 31 21 rq4h 0 the River This refers to the Euphrates River. -GEN 31 21 e57v 0 headed toward “traveled toward” -GEN 31 21 xdn1 0 the hill country of Gilead “the mountains of Gilead” or “Mount Gilead” -GEN 31 22 w2bp 0 On the third day It was Jewish custom to count the day of departure as day one. Alternate translation: “Two days after they had left” -GEN 31 22 fsz8 figs-activepassive 0 Laban was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Laban” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 31 22 rjd6 figs-explicit 0 that Jacob had fled Only Jacob is mentioned because he is the leader of the family. It can be made explicit that his family went with him. Alternate translation: “that Jacob had fled with his wives and children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 31 23 v1il 0 So he took “So Laban took” -GEN 31 23 c1wi 0 pursued him “chased after Jacob” -GEN 31 23 vs2j 0 for a seven days’ journey Laban spent seven days walking to catch up to Jacob. -GEN 31 23 x5mw 0 He overtook him “He caught up to him” -GEN 31 24 i4gj writing-background 0 Now God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream at night The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Laban. Alternate translation: “That night God came to Laban in a dream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 31 24 s2du figs-merism 0 Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The phrase “good nor bad” are used together to mean “anything.” Alternate translation: “Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 31 25 c3nf writing-background 0 Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country. Laban also camped with his relatives in the hill country of Gilead The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob and Laban. Alternate translation: “When Laban caught up with Jacob, Jacob had set up camp in the hill country. Then Laban and his relatives also camped in the hill country of Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 31 26 dg9e figs-simile 0 carried away my daughters like prisoners of war Laban speaks about Jacob taking his family with him back to the land of Canaan as if Jacob took them as prisoners after a battle and is forcing them to go with him. Laban is exaggerating because he is angry and is trying to make Jacob feel guilty for what he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -GEN 31 27 a98f 0 flee secretly “run away in secret” -GEN 31 27 g8iz 0 with celebration “with joy” -GEN 31 27 bg4p figs-metonymy 0 with tambourine and with harps These instruments stand for music. Alternate translation: “and with music” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 31 27 a23y translate-unknown 0 tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 31 28 esl3 figs-gendernotations 0 to kiss my grandsons Here “grandsons” would include all grandchildren whether male or female. Alternate translation: “to kiss my grandchildren” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) -GEN 31 28 cr1s 0 Now you have done foolishly “You have acted foolishly” -GEN 31 28 y6dz 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 31 29 lza8 figs-you 0 It is in my power to do you harm The word “you” is plural and refers to everyone with Jacob. Alternate translation: “I have enough people with me to harm all of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 31 29 qs6g figs-merism 0 Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The words “good nor bad” are used together to mean “anything.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:24](../31/24.md). Alternate translation: “Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 31 30 bz9g figs-you 0 you have gone away This “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 31 30 f8iz figs-metonymy 0 to your father’s house Here “house” stands for family. Alternate translation: “to be home with your father and the rest of your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 31 30 e3jc 0 my gods “my idols” -GEN 31 31 qd9f 0 Because I was afraid and thought that you would take your daughters from me by force I left secretly “I left in secret because I was afraid that you would take your daughters from me by force” -GEN 31 32 e35z figs-litotes 0 Whoever has stolen your gods will not continue to live This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “We will kill whoever has stolen your gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) -GEN 31 32 zh3x figs-exclusive 0 In the presence of our relatives The word “our” refers to Jacob’s relatives and includes Laban’s relatives. All the relatives will watch to make sure everything is fair and honest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 31 32 l4l6 0 identify whatever with me is yours and take it “look for whatever we have that is yours and take it” -GEN 31 32 mjz6 writing-background 0 For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them This changes from the story to background information about Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 31 33 rd4w 0 the two female servants This refers to Zilpah and Bilhah. -GEN 31 33 f3n9 0 he did not find them “he did not find his idols” -GEN 31 34 s5c7 writing-background 0 Now Rachel…upon them The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Rachel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 31 34 j5k2 0 saddle a seat placed on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it -GEN 31 35 cd8t 0 my master Calling someone “my master” is a way of honoring them. -GEN 31 35 h3tw 0 that I cannot stand up before you “because I am unable to stand up in your presence” -GEN 31 35 rx2l figs-euphemism 0 for I am having my period This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 31 36 ka2t 0 He said to him “Jacob said to Laban” -GEN 31 36 wcv8 figs-parallelism 0 What is my offense? What is my sin, that you have hotly pursued after me? The phrases “What is my offense” and “What is my sin” mean basically the same thing. Jacob is asking Laban to tell him what he did wrong. Alternate translation: “What have I done wrong that you should pursue me like this?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 31 36 rd64 figs-idiom 0 hotly pursued after me Here the word “hotly” means Laban urgently chased Jacob intending to capture him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 31 37 lf9u 0 What have you found of all your household goods? “What have you found that belongs to you?” -GEN 31 37 jgu5 figs-exclusive 0 Set them here before our relatives Here the word “our” refers to Jacob’s relatives and includes Laban’s relatives. Alternate translation: “Lay anything you have found in front of our relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 31 37 q8tg figs-exclusive 0 they may judge between us two Here “two of us” refers to Jacob and Laban. The phrase “to judge between” means to decide which person is right in a dispute. Alternate translation: “they may judge between the two of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 31 38 l12d 0 General Information: Jacob continues to speak to Laban. -GEN 31 38 a2zw translate-numbers 0 twenty years “20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 31 38 rum5 0 ewes female sheep -GEN 31 38 lk1u 0 have not miscarried This means they have not had a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly with the lamb or kid born dead. -GEN 31 39 kc4z figs-activepassive 0 What was torn by beasts I did not bring to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When a wild animal killed one of your animals I did not bring it to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 31 39 ji5d figs-metaphor 0 Instead, I bore the loss of it For Jacob to count Laban’s dead animals as a loss from his own flock is spoken of as if it was a burden he would bear on his shoulders. Alternate translation: “Instead of counting it a loss from your flock, I counted it as a loss from my flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 31 40 tf6f figs-metaphor 0 There I was; in the day the heat consumed me, and the frost by night Suffering in the hot and cold temperatures is spoken of as if the temperatures were animals that were eating Jacob. Alternate translation: “I stayed with your flocks even during hottest part of the day and the coldest part of the night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 31 41 gx9i 0 General Information: Jacob continues to speak to Laban. -GEN 31 41 j81s translate-numbers 0 These twenty years “These last 20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 31 41 l5lt translate-numbers 0 fourteen years “14 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 31 41 w1k8 0 changed my wages ten times “changed what he said he would pay me ten times.” See how you translated “my wages” in [Genesis 31:7](../31/07.md). -GEN 31 42 hcc4 0 Unless the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the one Isaac fears, had been with me Jacob is referring to the same God not to three different gods. Alternate translation: “If the God of Abraham and Isaac, my father, had not been with me” -GEN 31 42 fy4h 0 the God of my father Here the word “father” refers to his parent, Isaac. -GEN 31 42 v1d1 0 the one Isaac fears Here the word “fears” refers to the “fear of Yahweh,” which means to deeply respect him and show that respect by obeying him. -GEN 31 42 tin2 figs-metonymy 0 empty-handed This stands for having nothing. Alternate translation: “with absolutely nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 31 42 eqx1 figs-abstractnouns 0 God has seen my oppression and how hard I worked The abstract noun “oppression” can be stated as “oppressed.” Alternate translation: “God has seen how hard I worked and how you oppressed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 31 43 ah9n figs-rquestion 0 But what can I do today to these my daughters, or to their children whom they have borne? Laban uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing he can do. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But, there is nothing I can do to bring my daughters and grandchildren back with me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 31 44 pm7d figs-personification 0 let it be for a witness Here the word “witness” does not refer to a person, but it is used figuratively and refers to the covenant that Jacob and Laban are making. The covenant is spoken of as if it were a person who is there when they agree to act peacefully to one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 31 45 q2sh 0 pillar This means that a large stone was simply set up on its end to mark the place where this important event happened. -GEN 31 46 mz54 0 made a pile “stacked them on top of each other” -GEN 31 46 c4fm figs-explicit 0 Then they ate there by the pile Eating a meal together was a part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 31 47 grz7 translate-names 0 Jegar Saha Dutha Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Jegar Saha Dutha means ‘heap of witness’ in Laban’s language.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 31 47 tn6r translate-names 0 Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Galeed means ‘heap of witness’ in Jacob’s language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 31 48 y6zl figs-personification 0 This pile is a witness between me and you The stones do not actually bear witness as a person. Alternate translation: “This pile will be a reminder between me and you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 31 48 f3tt translate-names 0 Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Galeed means ‘heap of witness’ in Jacob’s language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:47](../31/47.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 31 49 d4iu translate-names 0 Mizpah Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Mizpah means ‘watchtower.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 31 49 ip35 figs-metonymy 0 when we are out of sight one from another Here “out of sight” stands for no longer being in each other’s presence. Alternate translation: “when we are no longer with each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 31 50 e3ip 0 although no one else is with us Here “us” refers to Laban and Jacob. Alternate translation: “even if no one else is there to see us” -GEN 31 50 h365 0 see “look” or “remember” or “pay attention to what i am about to tell you” -GEN 31 52 jh98 figs-personification 0 This pile is a witness, and the pillar is a witness These piles of stones were to act as a remembrance and a boundary marker for Jacob and Laban regarding their peace agreement. They are spoken of as if they are human witnesses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 31 53 zmt6 0 May the God of Abraham, and the god of Nahor, the gods of their father, judge between us Abraham is Jacob’s grandfather. Nahor is Laban’s grandfather. The father of Abraham and Nahor is Terah. Not all of them worshipped Yahweh. -GEN 31 53 r6hl 0 the Fear of his father Isaac Here the word “Fear” refers to Yahweh, who Isaac deeply respected and showed that respect by obeying him. -GEN 31 54 fmy2 figs-explicit 0 called his relatives to eat a meal Eating a meal together was part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 31 55 w76k 0 Early in the morning…returned home Verse 55 is the first verse of chapter 32 in the original Hebrew text, but the last verse of chapter 31 in most modern Bibles. We suggest that you follow the numbering of Bibles in your national language. -GEN 31 55 kif6 0 blessed This means expressing a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to someone. -GEN 32 intro udr3 0 # Genesis 32 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob does not trust Yahweh
Jacob does not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he fears that his brother Esau could kill him and his family. He should have known that Yahweh would continue to bless him and protect his family. He should have trusted in Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])

### Name change

In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “A man wrestled with him”
Scholars are divided over the identity of the person Jacob wrestled with. It was probably an angel, but some believe he wrestled with Jesus before he came to earth. The translator will probably have difficulty trying to keep ambiguity in identifying this individual because the word “man” usually indicates a normal, living person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 32 2 fr1q 0 Mahanaim Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Mahanaim means ‘two camps.’” -GEN 32 3 f84p translate-names 0 Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 32 4 ayv1 figs-quotesinquotes 0 This is what you will say to my master Esau: This is what your servant Jacob says: ‘I have been…have delayed my return until now. This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “‘This is what I want you to tell my master Esau. Tell him that I have been…have delayed my return until now.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 4 n3lr 0 my master Esau Jacob is using polite language and refers to his brother as “my master.” -GEN 32 4 y932 0 your servant Jacob Jacob is using polite language and refers to himself as “your servant.” -GEN 32 5 ne7y figs-quotesinquotes 0 I have oxen…in your eyes. This continues the quotation within a quotation that begins with the words “I have been” in verse 4. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. “This is what I want you to tell my master Esau. Tell him that I have been…Tell him that I have oxen…in his eyes.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 5 vi1k figs-idiom 0 that I may find favor in your eyes When a person finds favor in the eyes of another, the second person approves of the first person. Here “eyes” are a metonym for the person seeing something, and seeing a person is a metaphor for deciding whether what that person sees is good or bad. Alternate translation: “that you may approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 32 6 h954 translate-numbers 0 four hundred men “400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 32 7 ra4u 0 afraid This refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of harm to himself or others. -GEN 32 7 e2dk 0 upset distressed, troubled -GEN 32 8 n1e3 figs-metonymy 0 to one camp and attacks it, then the camp that is left will escape Here “camp” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “to attack the people in one camp, then the people in the other camp will escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 32 9 fdw7 figs-explicit 0 God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, Yahweh This does not refer to different gods, but to the one God they all worship. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who is God of my grandfather Abraham and my father Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 32 9 c3nw figs-quotesinquotes 0 Yahweh, who said to me, ‘Return to your country and to your kindred, and I will prosper you,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you who said that I should return to my country and to my kindred, and that you would prosper me,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 9 ah51 0 to your kindred “to your family” -GEN 32 9 v7p9 0 I will prosper you “I will do good for you” or “I will treat you well” -GEN 32 10 i1jg figs-activepassive 0 I am not worthy of all your acts of covenant faithfulness and of all the trustworthiness that you have done for your servant The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “loyal.” Alternate translation: “I do not deserve for you to remain faithful to your covenant or for you to be loyal to me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 32 10 gfq5 0 your servant This is a polite way of saying “me.” -GEN 32 10 ri5t figs-idiom 0 now I have become two camps Here the phrase “I have become” is an idiom meaning what he now possesses. Alternate translation: “and now I have enough people, flocks, and possessions with me to make two camps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 32 11 b4a5 0 rescue me “save me” -GEN 32 11 b2lt figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau Here the word “hand” refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second clarifies that the brother whom Jacob intended was Esau. Alternate translation: “from the power of my brother, Esau” or “from my brother, Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 32 11 amt5 0 I am afraid of him, that he will “I am afraid that he will” -GEN 32 12 x5kw figs-quotesinquotes 0 But you said, ‘I will certainly make you prosper. I will make your descendants…number.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “But you said that you would certainly prosper me, and that you would make my descendants…number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 12 w429 0 make you prosper “do good to you” or “treat you well” -GEN 32 12 n5pn figs-simile 0 I will make your descendants like the sand of the sea This speaks about the very large number of Jacob’s descendants as if their number will be like the grains of sand on the seashore. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 32 12 bc4t figs-activepassive 0 which cannot be numbered for their number This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which no one can count because of their number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 32 14 zj6f translate-numbers 0 two hundred “200” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 32 14 a35f translate-numbers 0 twenty “20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 32 15 ew39 translate-numbers 0 thirty…forty…ten “30…40…10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 32 15 k3iy 0 their colts “their young” -GEN 32 16 il9n figs-idiom 0 These he gave into the hand of his servants, every herd by itself Here “into the hand” means to give control over them. Alternate translation: “He divided them into small herds, and gave each of his servants control over one herd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 32 16 hh9w 0 put a space between each of the herds “let each herd travel at a distance from the other herds” -GEN 32 17 ti5k 0 He instructed “He commanded” -GEN 32 17 h449 figs-quotesinquotes 0 asks you…that are in front of you?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “asks you who your master is, where you are going, and who owns these animals that are ahead of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 17 lnl5 0 To whom do you belong? “Who is your master?” -GEN 32 17 hl31 0 Whose animals are these that are in front of you? “Who owns these animals that are in front of you?” -GEN 32 18 e7wd figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you will say, ‘They are your servant Jacob’s. They are a gift sent to my master Esau. See, he is also coming after us.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then I want you to tell him that all of these things belong to Jacob, his servant, and he his giving them to his master, Esau. And tell him that Jacob is on the way to meet him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 32 18 i8qf 0 your servant Jacob’s Jacob is referring to himself in a polite way as Esau’s servant. -GEN 32 18 nk58 0 to my master Esau Jacob is referring to Esau is a polite way as his master. -GEN 32 18 a5zw figs-exclusive 0 coming after us Here “us” refers to the servant speaking and the other servants bringing herds to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 32 19 mb2s 0 gave instructions to the second group “commanded the second group” -GEN 32 20 l71w 0 You must also say, ‘Your servant Jacob Possible meanings are (1) “You will say also, ‘Your servant Jacob’” or (2) “You will say, ‘Also, Your servant Jacob.’” -GEN 32 20 kth9 0 I will appease him “I will calm him down” or “I will make his anger go away” -GEN 32 20 fz2r 0 he will receive me “he will welcome me kindly” -GEN 32 21 mgp1 figs-metonymy 0 So the gifts went on ahead of him Here “gifts” stands for the servants taking the gifts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 32 21 bet5 figs-rpronouns 0 He himself stayed Here “himself” emphasizes that Jacob did not go with the servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) -GEN 32 22 ak58 0 his two women servants “his two servant wives.” This means Zilpah and Bilhah. -GEN 32 22 ts8h 0 ford a shallow place in a river that is easy to cross -GEN 32 22 tkp8 translate-names 0 Jabbok This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 32 23 uu6x 0 all his possessions “all that he had” -GEN 32 24 ui74 0 until daybreak “until dawn” -GEN 32 25 ugk7 figs-activepassive 0 Jacob’s hip was dislocated as he wrestled with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The man injured Jacob’s hip as he wrestled with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 32 25 f6zk 0 hip the place where the upper leg bone connects to the hip -GEN 32 26 wh2x 0 for the dawn is breaking “the sun will rise soon” -GEN 32 26 hd6q 0 bless Here “bless” means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person. -GEN 32 26 pb6k figs-doublenegatives 0 I will not let you go unless you bless me This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Absolutely not! You must bless me first, then I will let you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 32 28 a2ft translate-names 0 Israel Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Israel means ‘He struggles with God.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 32 28 kel8 0 with men Here “men” means “people” in general. -GEN 32 29 if16 figs-rquestion 0 He said, “Why is it that you ask my name?” “He said, ‘Why would you ask about my name?’” This rhetorical question was meant to shock, rebuke and cause Jacob to ponder over what just happened between him and the other man he just wrestled with. Alternate translation: “Do not ask me for my name!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 32 30 m49w translate-names 0 Peniel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Peniel means ‘the face of God.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 32 30 n4r1 0 face to face Being “face to face” means that two people are seeing each other in person, at a close distance. -GEN 32 30 p6dk figs-activepassive 0 and my life is delivered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “yet he spared my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 32 32 v4a5 writing-background 0 That is why to this day This marks a change from the story to background information about the descendants of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 32 32 n4af 0 to this day This means to the day that the author was writing this. -GEN 32 32 t93f 0 ligaments of the hip This refers to the muscle that connects the thigh bone to the thigh socket. -GEN 32 32 l5px 0 hip joint “thigh socket” -GEN 32 32 j363 0 while dislocating “while striking” -GEN 33 intro tc2t 0 # Genesis 33 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob’s fear
Jacob feared his brother. He showed Esau great respect and sought to protect his family from Esau’s power. He did not fear and trust Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

### Favoritism
Jacob showed favoritism towards Rachel and Joseph. He arranged the family according to those he loved the most. Rachel and Joseph were the most protected from a potential attack by Esau. He would have rather had everyone else die, in order to spare their lives. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 1 ck16 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to a surprising new part of the story. -GEN 33 1 c4ai translate-numbers 0 four hundred men “400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 33 1 lqj5 figs-explicit 0 Jacob divided the children…female servants This does not mean Jacob divided the children evenly so that each woman had the same amount of children with her. Jacob divided the children so that each one went with his or her mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 1 h467 0 female servants “servant wives.” This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. -GEN 33 3 f927 figs-rpronouns 0 He himself went on ahead of them Here “himself” emphasizes that Jacob went alone in front of the others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) -GEN 33 3 prz6 translate-symaction 0 He bowed Here the word “bow” means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 33 4 xq93 0 meet him “meet Jacob” -GEN 33 4 ptu7 0 embraced him, hugged his neck, and kissed him This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “Esau put his arms around Jacob, hugged him, and kissed him” -GEN 33 4 d91x figs-explicit 0 Then they wept This can be translated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Esau and Jacob cried because they were happy to see each other again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 5 bni9 0 he saw the women and the children “he saw the women and children who were with Jacob” -GEN 33 5 n88j figs-123person 0 The children whom God has graciously given your servant The phrase “your servant” is a polite way for Jacob to refer to himself. Alternate translation: “These are the children God has kindly given me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 33 6 huv5 0 female servants “servant wives.” This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. -GEN 33 6 ndg7 translate-symaction 0 bowed down This is a sign of humility and respect before another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 33 8 xl2u 0 What do you mean by all these groups that I met? The phrase “all these groups” refers to the groups of servants that Jacob sent to give gifts to Esau. Alternate translation: “Why did you send all of those different groups to meet me?” -GEN 33 8 p6x8 figs-idiom 0 To find favor in the sight of my master The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “So that you, my master, would be pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 33 8 b54p figs-123person 0 my master The phrase “my master” is a polite way of referring to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 33 9 fvu3 figs-ellipsis 0 I have enough The word “animals” or “property” is understood. Alternate translation: “I have enough animals” or “I have enough property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 33 10 c8jk figs-idiom 0 if I have found favor in your eyes The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “if you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 33 10 g919 figs-synecdoche 0 my gift from my hand Here “hand” refers to Jacob. Alternate translation: “this gift that I am giving to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 33 10 cv9s 0 my hand, for indeed This can be translated as a new sentence: “my hand. For certainly” -GEN 33 10 qp99 figs-simile 0 I have seen your face, and it is like seeing the face of God The meaning of this simile is unclear. Possible meanings are (1) Jacob is happy that Esau has forgiven him like God has forgiven him or (2) Jacob is amazed to see his brother again like he was amazed to see God or (3) Jacob is humbled to be in Esau’s presence like he was humbled to be in God’s presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 33 10 ni5g figs-synecdoche 0 I have seen your face Here “face” stands for Esau. It may be best to translate as “face” because of the importance of the word “face” here with “face of God” and “face to face” in [Genesis 32:30](../32/30.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 33 11 i3ez figs-activepassive 0 that was brought to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that my servants brought to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 33 11 c581 0 God has dealt graciously with me “God has treated me very well” or “God has blessed me very much” -GEN 33 11 r6mp 0 Thus Jacob urged him, and Esau accepted it It was customary to refuse a gift first, but then to accept the gift before the giver was offended. -GEN 33 13 j3jv figs-123person 0 My master knows This is a polite and formal way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: “You, my master, know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 33 13 k72p figs-explicit 0 the children are young The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “the children are too young to travel fast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 13 lzl5 figs-activepassive 0 If they are driven hard even one day This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If we force them to go too fast even for one day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 33 14 be6w figs-123person 0 Please let my master go on ahead of his servant This is a polite and formal way of Jacob referring to himself. Alternate translation: “My lord, I am your servant. Please go ahead of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 33 14 k77x 0 at the pace of the livestock that are before me “at the speed the animals I am looking after can go” -GEN 33 14 he5j translate-names 0 Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. See how you translated this in [Genesis 32:3](../32/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 33 15 e3u2 figs-rquestion 0 Why do that? Jacob uses a question to emphasize that Esau does not need to leave men. Alternate translation: “Do not do that!” or “You do not need to do that!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 33 15 rl9k figs-123person 0 my lord This is a polite and formal way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: “you, my lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 33 17 k3g6 translate-names 0 Succoth Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name Succoth means ‘shelters.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 33 17 k4xa figs-explicit 0 built himself a house It is implied that the house is also for his family. Alternate translation: “built a house for himself and his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 17 ykg8 0 for his livestock “for the animals he looked after” -GEN 33 18 yt2u 0 General Information: This starts a new part of the story. The author describes what Jacob did after he rested in Succoth. -GEN 33 18 jve3 0 When Jacob came from Paddan Aram “After Jacob left Paddan Aram” -GEN 33 18 qr2k figs-explicit 0 When Jacob…he arrived…He camped This only mentions Jacob because he is the leader of the family. It is implied that his family was with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 33 18 rx3s 0 He camped near “He set up his camp near” -GEN 33 19 a6wu 0 piece of ground “piece of land” -GEN 33 19 xu69 translate-names 0 Hamor This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 33 19 y9i5 0 Shechem’s father Shechem is the name of a city and the name of a man. -GEN 33 19 kh7z translate-numbers 0 a hundred “100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 33 20 ps43 translate-names 0 El Elohe Israel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name El Elohe Israel means ‘God, the God of Israel.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 34 intro gv6g 0 # Genesis 34 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Israel
Jacob’s name was changed to Israel. It is his descendants who inherited the promised blessings given to him and to Isaac and Abraham. This is the first time his descendants are collectively referred to as the people group Israel. The people group Israel is identified through the covenant of circumcision. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Implicit information
Jacob’s reacted to the rape of Dinah with indifference. This is possibly because she was not a daughter of Rachel. His reaction was both unwise and improper. This action brought shame on the whole family. Therefore, Jacob’s sons corrected this wrong and plotted against Hamor and Shechem.

Shechem raped Dinah, but then he said he loved her. By raping her, he ensured that no one else would want to marry her. This is not love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 34 1 g89z 0 Now Here this word is used to mark a new part of the story. -GEN 34 1 q1ki translate-names 0 Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 30:21](../30/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 34 2 y29n translate-names 0 the Hivite This is the name of a people group. See how you translated the similar word “Hivites” in [Genesis 10:17](../10/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 34 2 x58u 0 the prince of the land This is referring to Hamor not Shechem. Also, “prince” here does not mean son of a king. It means Hamor was the leader of the people in that area. -GEN 34 2 hx1e figs-hendiadys 0 He took her and lay with her Possible meanings are (1) “took” and “lay with” are two separate actions. Alternate translation: “he grabbed her and had sexual relations with her” or (2) “took” and “lay with” are a hendiadys, two words used to describe one action, Alternate translation: “raped her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) -GEN 34 2 mrp5 figs-euphemism 0 lay with her This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 34 3 d96a figs-metaphor 0 He was drawn to Dinah “He was very attracted to her.” This speaks about Shechem loving Dinah and wanting to be with her as if something were forcing him to come to Dinah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He wanted very much to be with Dinah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 34 3 bz11 0 spoke tenderly to her He tried to convince her that he loved her and that he wanted her to love him also. -GEN 34 5 wy9t writing-background 0 Now Jacob “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 34 5 k25j 0 Jacob heard that he The word “he” refers to Shechem. -GEN 34 5 mp97 0 he had defiled This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. -GEN 34 5 sk45 figs-idiom 0 held his peace This is a way of saying that Jacob did not say or do anything about the matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 34 6 r1kg 0 Hamor…went out to Jacob “Hamor…went to meet Jacob” -GEN 34 7 yd2w 0 The men were offended “The men were very insulted” or “They were shocked” -GEN 34 7 xe5r figs-metonymy 0 he had disgraced Israel Here the word “Israel” refers to every member of Jacob’s family. Israel as a people group was disgraced. Alternate translation: “he had humiliated the family of Israel” or “he had brought shame on the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 34 7 wki8 0 lying with Jacob’s daughter “having sexual relations with Jacob’s daughter” -GEN 34 7 ud6t figs-activepassive 0 for such a thing should not have been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for he should not have done such a terrible thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 34 8 ud45 0 Hamor spoke with them “Hamor spoke with Jacob and his sons” -GEN 34 8 q43r 0 loves your daughter Here the word “love” refers to romantic love between a man and a woman. Alternate translation: “loves her and wants to marry her” -GEN 34 8 gx32 0 give her to him as a wife In some cultures, the parents decide whom their children will marry. -GEN 34 9 ec6v 0 Intermarry with us To intermarry is to marry a member of a different racial, social, religious or tribal group. Alternate translation: “Allow marriages between your people and ours” -GEN 34 10 pv18 0 the land will be open to you “the land will be available to you” -GEN 34 11 x9iz 0 Shechem said to her father “Shechem said to Dinah’s father Jacob” -GEN 34 11 gev1 figs-idiom 0 Let me find favor in your eyes, and whatever you tell me I will give The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If you will approve of me, then I will give you whatever you ask” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 34 12 w7wc 0 bride price In some cultures, it is customary for a man to give money, property, cattle, and other gifts to the bride’s family at the time of marriage. -GEN 34 13 h21q figs-abstractnouns 0 The sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father with deceit The abstract noun “deceit” can be stated as the verb “lied.” Alternate translation: “But the sons of Jacob lied to Shechem and Hamor when they answered them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 34 13 uxy5 0 Shechem had defiled Dinah This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated “defiled” in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). -GEN 34 14 un4d 0 They said to them “Jacob’s sons said to Shechem and Hamor” -GEN 34 14 yku7 0 We cannot do this thing, to give our sister “We cannot agree to give Dinah in marriage” -GEN 34 14 c7ml figs-exclusive 0 for that would be a disgrace to us “for that would cause us shame.” Here “us” refers to Jacob’s sons and all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 34 16 w7nl 0 give our daughters to you…take your daughters to ourselves This means they will allow a person from Jacob’s family to marry a person who lives in Hamor’s land. -GEN 34 18 vm37 0 Their words pleased Hamor and his son Shechem “Hamor and his son Shechem agreed with what Jacob’s sons said” -GEN 34 19 yza5 0 to do what they said “to become circumcised” -GEN 34 19 vjf5 0 Jacob’s daughter “Jacob’s daughter Dinah” -GEN 34 19 ve5w figs-explicit 0 because he was the most honored person in all his father’s household This can be translated as a new sentence. It can be made explicit that Shechem knew the other men would agree to be circumcised because they greatly respected him. Alternate translation: “Shechem knew all the men in his father’s household would agree with him because he was the most honored among them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 34 20 bl5k 0 the gate of their city It was common for leaders to meet at the city gate to make official decisions. -GEN 34 21 ub3p 0 These men “Jacob, his sons, and the people of Israel” -GEN 34 21 gg84 figs-exclusive 0 peace with us Here “us” includes Hamor, his son and all the people they spoke with at the city gate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 34 21 peg8 0 let them live in the land and trade in it “let them live and trade in the land” -GEN 34 21 qgk2 0 for, really, the land is large enough for them Shechem uses the word “really” to add emphasis to his statement. “because, certainly, the land is large enough for them” or “because, indeed, there is plenty of land for them” -GEN 34 21 i8u8 0 take their daughters…give them our daughters This refers to marriages between the women of one group and the men of the other group. See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 34:9](../34/09.md). -GEN 34 22 pyn5 0 General Information: Hamor and Shechem his son continue to talk to the city elders. -GEN 34 22 g2kq 0 Only on this condition will the men agree to live with us and become one people: If every male among us is circumcised, as they are circumcised “Only if every man among us is circumcised, as the men of Israel are circumcised, will they agree to live among us and unite with us as one people” -GEN 34 23 n7gu figs-rquestion 0 Will not their livestock and their property—all their animals be ours? Shechem uses a question to emphasize that Jacob’s livestock and property will belong to the people of Shechem. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “All of their animals and property will be ours.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 34 24 m2ft figs-activepassive 0 Every male was circumcised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Hamor and Shechem had someone circumcise all the men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 34 25 xfn1 translate-ordinal 0 On the third day “third” is the ordinal number for three. It can be stated without the ordinal number. Alternate translation: “After two days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 34 25 w2yp 0 when they were still in pain “when the men of the city were still in pain” -GEN 34 25 usz1 0 each took his sword “took their swords” -GEN 34 25 p39e figs-metonymy 0 they attacked the city Here “city” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “they attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 34 25 cm25 0 security, and they killed all the males This can be translated as a new sentence. “security. Simeon and Levi killed all the men of the city” -GEN 34 27 jn2q 0 the dead bodies “the dead bodies of Hamor, Shechem, and their men” -GEN 34 27 r6r4 0 looted the city “stole everything in the city that was valuable” -GEN 34 27 dr6w 0 because the people had defiled their sister Shechem alone had defiled Dinah, but Jacob’s sons considered Shechem’s entire family and everyone in the city responsible for this act. -GEN 34 27 gep2 0 had defiled This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated “defiled” in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). -GEN 34 28 ikb2 0 They took their flocks “Jacob’s sons took the people’s flocks” -GEN 34 29 u4y1 0 all their wealth “all their possessions and money” -GEN 34 29 lb76 0 All their children and their wives, they captured “They captured all their children and wives” -GEN 34 30 tk7q figs-metaphor 0 brought trouble on me Causing someone to experience trouble is spoken of as if trouble were an object that is brought and placed on a person. Alternate translation: “caused great problems for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 34 30 g5qj figs-metaphor 0 to make me stink to the inhabitants of the land Causing the people in the surrounding areas to hate Jacob is spoken of as if Jacob’s sons made him smell bad physically. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “You have made me repulsive to the people who live in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 34 30 di4j figs-synecdoche 0 I am few in number…against me and attack me, then I will be destroyed, I and my household Here the words “I” and “me” refer to all of Jacob’s household. Jacob only says “I” or “me” since he is the leader. Alternate translation: “My household is small…against us and attack us, then they will destroy all of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 34 30 f8i3 0 gather themselves together against me and attack me “form an army and attack me” or “form an army and attack us” -GEN 34 30 pr2b figs-activepassive 0 then I will be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will destroy me” or “they will destroy us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 34 31 l9v7 figs-rquestion 0 Should Shechem have dealt with our sister as with a prostitute? Simeon and Levi use a question to emphasize that Shechem did what was wrong and deserved to die. Alternate translation: “Shechem should not have treated our sister as if she were a prostitute!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 35 intro r5b3 0 # Genesis 35 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Name change

In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people.

### Covenant
The covenant God made with Abraham is repeated here. It indicates that all of Jacob’s descendants will inherit the promises of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -GEN 35 1 m48u 0 go up to Bethel The phrase “go up” is used because Bethel is higher in elevation than Shechem. -GEN 35 1 a7yt figs-123person 0 Build an altar there to God God speaks about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “Build an altar there to me, your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 35 2 zm9p 0 said to his household “said to his family” -GEN 35 2 s6f2 0 Put away the foreign gods that are among you “Throw away your idols” or “Get rid of your false gods” -GEN 35 2 ke2n 0 purify yourselves, and change your clothes This was the custom of cleansing oneself morally and physically before going to worship God. -GEN 35 2 p78p translate-symaction 0 change your clothes Putting on a new clothes was a sign that they had made themselves clean before approaching God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 35 3 uv67 0 in the day of my distress “in the time of my distress” or “when I was in trouble” -GEN 35 4 k9aj 0 So they gave “so everyone in Jacob’s household gave” or “so all of his family and servants gave” -GEN 35 4 v6i9 figs-metonymy 0 that were in their hand Here “in their hand” stands for what they own. Alternate translation: “that were in their possession” or “that they had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 35 4 q9se 0 the rings that were in their ears “their earrings.” Possible meanings are (1) the gold in the earrings could have been used to make more idols or (2) they took these earrings from the city of Shechem after they attacked it and killed all the people. The earrings would have reminded them of their sin. -GEN 35 5 kv2s figs-metaphor 0 God made panic to fall on the cities God causing the people of the cities to be afraid of Jacob and his family is spoken of as if panic were an object that fell on the cities. The abstract noun “panic” can be stated as “afraid.” Alternate translation: “God made the people in the surrounding cities afraid of Jacob and those with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 35 5 nn7z figs-metonymy 0 on the cities Here “cities” stands for the people who live in the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 35 5 gee5 figs-explicit 0 the sons of Jacob It is implied that no one attacked anyone in Jacob’s family. But two of the sons, Simeon and Levi had attacked the Canaanites relatives of Shechem after he seized and slept with Jacob’s daughter. Jacob was afraid they would seek revenge in [Genesis 34:30](../34/30.md). Alternate translation: “Jacob’s family” or “Jacob’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 35 6 ex8u translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 7 ku6t translate-names 0 El Bethel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name El Bethel means ‘God of Bethel.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 7 i3c5 0 there God had revealed himself to him “there God made himself known to Jacob” -GEN 35 8 bz6e translate-names 0 Deborah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 8 xvy6 0 Rebekah’s nurse A nurse is a woman who takes care of another woman’s child. The nurse was highly honored and important to the family. -GEN 35 8 je7d figs-activepassive 0 She was buried down from Bethel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried her down from Bethel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 35 8 v837 0 down from Bethel The phrase “down from” is used because they buried her in a place that was lower in elevation than Bethel. -GEN 35 8 cv5c translate-names 0 Allon Bakuth Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Allon Bakuth means ‘Oak tree where there is weeping.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 9 sbc1 figs-explicit 0 When Jacob came from Paddan Aram It can be made explicit that they were in Bethel. Alternate translation: “After Jacob left Paddan Aram, and while he was in Bethel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 35 9 x1ha 0 blessed Here “bless” means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person. -GEN 35 10 z15l figs-activepassive 0 but your name will no longer be called Jacob This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but your name will no longer be Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 35 11 i7mm 0 God said to him “God said to Jacob” -GEN 35 11 z2vl figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful and multiply God told Jacob to produce children so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how he was to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:22](../01/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 35 11 p3b2 figs-metonymy 0 A nation and a company of nations will come from you Here “nation” and “nations” refer to Jacob’s descendants who will establish these nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 35 13 ev4e 0 God went up from him Here “went up” is used because where God dwells is typically thought of as being up or above the world. Alternate translation: “God left him” -GEN 35 14 b5hy 0 pillar This is a memorial pillar which was simply a large stone or boulder set up on its end. -GEN 35 14 epr5 translate-symaction 0 He poured out a drink offering over it and poured oil on it This is a sign that he is dedicating the pillar to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 35 15 j65s 0 Bethel Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Bethel means ‘house of God.’” -GEN 35 16 ap5k 0 Ephrath This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. -GEN 35 16 vy4h 0 She had hard labor “She was having a very difficult time giving birth to the child” -GEN 35 17 x4mh 0 While she was in hardest labor “When the labor pain was at its worst” -GEN 35 17 s3cm 0 midwife a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child -GEN 35 18 hn3n figs-idiom 0 As she was dying, with her dying breath A “dying breath” is a person’s last breath before he or she dies. Alternate translation: “Just before she died, as she was taking her last breath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 35 18 dty6 translate-names 0 Ben-Oni Translator may add a footnote that says “The name Ben-Oni means ‘son of my sorrow.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 18 d44e 0 Benjamin Translator may add a footnote that says “The name Benjamin means ‘son of the right hand.’” The phrase “right hand” indicates a place of special favor. -GEN 35 19 v664 figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 35 19 cj7f 0 on the way “alongside the road” -GEN 35 20 n32v 0 It is the marker of Rachel’s grave to this day “It marks Rachel’s grave still to this day” -GEN 35 20 lj22 0 to this day “up to the present time.” This means to the time that the author was writing this. -GEN 35 21 iq45 figs-explicit 0 Israel traveled on It is implied that Israel’s family and servants are with him. The full meaning of this information can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 35 22 s2bs figs-euphemism 0 lay with This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 35 22 w9fr translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 22 m9qr 0 Now Jacob had twelve sons This sentence begins a new paragraph, which continues into the following verses. -GEN 35 22 lv7q translate-numbers 0 twelve sons “12 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 35 25 vbv7 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 26 bk2l translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 26 tc13 figs-explicit 0 who were born to him in Paddan Aram It is implied that this does not include Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan near Bethlehem. It only mentions Paddan Aram since that is where most of them were born. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who were born to him in Paddan Aram, except Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 35 27 f44e figs-go 0 Jacob came to Isaac Here “came” can be stated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 35 27 a58a translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 27 bc7q translate-names 0 Kiriath Arba This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:2](../23/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 35 28 x251 translate-numbers 0 one hundred eighty years “180 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 35 29 rk3c figs-doublet 0 Isaac breathed his last and died “Isaac took his last breath and died.” The phrases “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 25:8](../25/08.md). Alternate translation: “Isaac died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 35 29 p3ct figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. See how you translated this in [Genesis 25:8](../25/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 35 29 fpy4 figs-idiom 0 was gathered to his ancestors This means that after Isaac died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 35 29 bxx8 figs-doublet 0 an old man full of days The phrases “old man” and “full of days” mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Isaac lived a very long time. Alternate translation: “after he had lived a very long time and was very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 36 intro st7p 0 # Genesis 36 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Esau’s descendants
Esau’s descendants became known as the Edomite people group. They also become a great nation. This nation is prominent in the rest of the Old Testament. God graciously blessed Esau and he had many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -GEN 36 1 zj65 figs-explicit 0 These were the descendants of Esau (also called Edom) “These are the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom.” This sentence introduces the account of Esau’s descendants in Genesis 36:1-8. Alternate translation: “This is an account of the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 2 ac64 translate-names 0 Adah…Oholibamah These are names of Esau’s wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 2 hna3 translate-names 0 Elon the Hittite “Elon the descendant of Heth” or “Elon a descendant of Heth.” This is the name of a man. See how you translate this in [Genesis 26:34](../26/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 2 s9ni translate-names 0 Anah…Zibeon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 2 hd6t 0 Hivite This refers to a larger group of people. See how you translated it in [Genesis 10:17](../10/17.md). -GEN 36 3 g86y translate-names 0 Nebaioth a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 3 k2u1 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of one of Esau’s wives. See how you translated this in [Genesis 26:34](../26/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 3 n8tf translate-names 0 Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael’s sons. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:9](../28/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 4 w5z8 translate-names 0 Adah…Basemath These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2-3](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 4 s7t4 translate-names 0 Eliphaz…Reuel These are names of Esau’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 5 rp9l translate-names 0 Oholibamah These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 5 m5u2 translate-names 0 Jeush…Jalam…Korah These are names of Esau’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 6 k2ey figs-explicit 0 which he had gathered in the land of Canaan This refers to all of the things that he had accumulated while living in the land of Canaan. Alternate translation: “which he had accumulated while living in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 6 u7vt figs-idiom 0 went into a land This means to moved to another place and live there. Alternate translation: “went to live in another land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 36 7 y3im 0 their possessions “Esau’s and Jacob’s possessions” -GEN 36 7 kr6m figs-explicit 0 could not support them because of their livestock The land was not large enough to support all of the livestock that Jacob and Esau owned. Alternate translation: “was not big enough to support all of their livestock” or “was not big enough for both Esau’s flocks and Jacob’s flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 7 ui47 figs-idiom 0 where they had settled The word “settled” means to move somewhere and live there. Alternate translation: “where they had moved to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 36 9 yd4a figs-explicit 0 These were the descendants of Esau This sentence introduces the account of Esau’s descendants in Genesis 36:9-43. Alternate translation: “This is an account of the descendants of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 9 vme3 figs-explicit 0 in the hill country of Seir This means that they lived in the hill country of Seir. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who lived in the hill country of Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 10 kf9d translate-names 0 Eliphaz…Reuel These are names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:4](../36/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 10 b61h translate-names 0 Adah…Basemath These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:2-3](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 11 uw62 translate-names 0 Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz These are names of the sons of Eliphaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 12 q2xy translate-names 0 Amalek a son of Eliphaz (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 12 c8w1 translate-names 0 Timna This is the name of Eliphaz’s concubine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 13 qe6l translate-names 0 Reuel This is the name of a son of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 13 eka4 translate-names 0 Nahath…Zerah…Shammah…Mizzah These are names of Reuel’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 13 tv77 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated this in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 14 n41e translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 14 sz5g translate-names 0 Anah…Zibeon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 14 u6hp translate-names 0 Jeush, Jalam, and Korah These are names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:5](./05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 15 zg7m translate-names 0 Eliphaz This is the name of one of Esau’s sons. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 36:4](../36/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 15 lut6 translate-names 0 Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz These are names of Eliphaz’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 16 zr8u translate-names 0 Korah, Gatam, and Amalek These are names of Eliphaz’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 16 j4yq translate-names 0 Adah This is the name of one of Esau’s wives. See how you translated her name in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 17 ts2e translate-names 0 Reuel This is the name of a son of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 17 uk29 translate-names 0 Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, Mizzah These are the names of Reuel’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:13](../36/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 17 h6as figs-explicit 0 in the land of Edom This means that they lived in the land of Edom. Alternate translation: “who lived in the land of Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 17 pn88 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 18 bz8x translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 18 lpz9 translate-names 0 Jeush, Jalam, Korah These are the names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:5](./05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 18 bs35 translate-names 0 Anah This the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:2](../36/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 20 nf56 0 Seir The word “Seir” is the name of a man and of a country. -GEN 36 20 pj69 0 the Horite The word “Horite” refers to a people group. See how you translated it in [Genesis 14:6](../14/06.md). -GEN 36 20 lrw4 0 the inhabitants of the land “who lived in the land of Seir, which is also called Edom” -GEN 36 20 e8fa translate-names 0 Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 21 g54a translate-names 0 Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 22 ui8e translate-names 0 Lotan…Hori and Heman These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 22 r36g translate-names 0 Timna This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 23 c6jr translate-names 0 Shobal This is the name of man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](../36/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 23 smz3 translate-names 0 Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 24 zng8 translate-names 0 Zibeon This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](../36/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 24 l94x translate-names 0 Aiah and Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 25 t8gx 0 Anah…Dishon These are names of men. See how you translated “Anah” in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md). -GEN 36 25 esu6 translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 26 tb3r translate-names 0 Dishon…Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Keran These are names of men. See how you translated “Dishon” in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 27 w3mp translate-names 0 Ezer…Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan These are names of men. See how you translated “Ezer” in [Genesis 36:20-21](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 28 u49l translate-names 0 Dishan…Uz and Aran These are names of men. See how you translated “Dishan” in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 29 fkl1 translate-names 0 the Horites This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Genesis 14:6](../14/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 29 g2zx translate-names 0 Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, and Anah These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 30 cp7f translate-names 0 Dishon, Ezer, Dishan These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 30 yki3 figs-explicit 0 in the land of Seir This means that they lived in the land of Seir. Alternate translation: “of those who lived in the land of Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 32 v99w translate-names 0 Bela…Beor These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 32 h4lb figs-idiom 0 the name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “the name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 36 32 e1xl translate-names 0 Dinhabah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 33 sr5r translate-names 0 Bela…Jobab…Zerah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 33 cuf9 translate-names 0 Bozrah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 34 d4sk translate-names 0 Jobab This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:33](../36/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 34 ne5s translate-names 0 Husham This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 34 l23l figs-explicit 0 Husham who was of the land of the Temanites This means that Husham lived in the land of the Temanites. Alternate translation: “Husham who lived in the land of the Temanites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 34 b498 translate-names 0 Temanites descendants of a man named Teman (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 35 ct4x translate-names 0 Husham…Hadad…Bedad These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 35 ar3g figs-idiom 0 The name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “The name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 36 35 i9ul translate-names 0 Avith These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 36 en7h translate-names 0 Hadad…Samlah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 36 f4j5 translate-names 0 Samlah of Masrekah “Samlah from Masrekah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 36 rd2a translate-names 0 Masrekah These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 37 b1jl translate-names 0 Samlah This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:36](../36/36.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 37 hji7 figs-explicit 0 then Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his place Shaul lived in Rehoboth. Rehoboth was by the Euphrates river. This information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “then Shaul reigned in his place. He was from Rehoboth which is by the Euphrates River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 37 c5xx translate-names 0 Shaul This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 37 d42q translate-names 0 Rehoboth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 38 c5rd translate-names 0 Shaul…Baal-Hanan…Akbor These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 39 jf15 translate-names 0 Baal-Hanan…Akbor…Hadar…Matred…Me Zahab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 39 kk3p figs-idiom 0 The name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “The name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 36 39 sz99 translate-names 0 Pau These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 39 vn2x translate-names 0 Mehetabel This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 39 f6vx 0 the daughter of Matred, the granddaughter of Me Zahab “she was the daughter of Matred, and the granddaughter of Me Zahab” -GEN 36 40 bim6 0 the heads of clans “the leaders of the clans” -GEN 36 40 n8cf figs-explicit 0 according to their clans and their regions, by their names The clans and the regions were named after the heads of the clans. Alternate translation: “the names of their clans and the regions where they lived were named after them. These are their names” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 36 40 yu9e translate-names 0 Timna, Alvah, Jetheth These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 41 q8em translate-names 0 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 42 f4dx translate-names 0 Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 43 bjb8 translate-names 0 Magdiel, and Iram These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 36 43 f84q 0 their settlements “their dwelling places” or “the places they lived” -GEN 36 43 zc7w figs-metonymy 0 This was Esau This list is said “to be” Esau, which means that it is the whole list of his descendants. Alternate translation: “This is the list of the descendants of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 37 intro s17y 0 # Genesis 37 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter begins to record the account of Jacob’s sons. The rest of the book of Genesis focuses on Jacob’s sons, especially Joseph. This chapter also references Jacob as “Israel” beginning in this chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Favoritism
Jacob’s favoritism became a great problem for his sons. They are always jealous of Joseph because he is the favorite son. The beautiful garment Jacob gave to Joseph greatly strained the relationship between Joseph and his brothers. Joseph dreams he will rule all of his brothers, even though he is not the oldest son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]])

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) -GEN 37 1 y34b 0 the land where his father was staying, in the land of Canaan “in the land of Canaan where his father had lived” -GEN 37 2 gx4z figs-synecdoche 0 These were the events concerning Jacob This sentence introduces the account of Jacob’s children in Genesis 37:1-50:26. Here “Jacob” refers to his whole family. Alternate translation: “This is the account of Jacob’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 37 2 h2a4 translate-numbers 0 seventeen years old “17 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 37 2 kg73 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 37 2 g6zc translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 37 2 gp4s 0 wives These women were servants of Leah and Rachel whom they had given to Jacob to produce children. -GEN 37 2 fj2x 0 an unfavorable report about them “a bad report about his brothers” -GEN 37 3 in67 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Israel and Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 37 3 hu4a 0 loved This refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is natural human love between friends or relatives. -GEN 37 3 fd1u figs-idiom 0 of his old age This means that Joseph was born when Israel was an old man. Alternate translation: “who was born when Israel was an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 37 3 n9xs 0 He made him “Israel made Joseph” -GEN 37 3 m9ni 0 a beautiful garment “a beautiful robe” -GEN 37 4 ua1k 0 would not speak kindly to him “could not speak in a courteous manner to him” -GEN 37 5 z7xa 0 Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told his brothers about it. They hated him even more This is a summary of the events that will happen in 37:6-11. -GEN 37 5 req1 0 They hated him even more “And Joseph’s brothers hated him even more than they hated him before” -GEN 37 6 c6ln 0 Please listen to this dream which I dreamed “Please listen to this dream that I had” -GEN 37 7 hu4k 0 General Information: Joseph tells his brothers about his dream. -GEN 37 7 zk8j 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 37 7 v7ub figs-exclusive 0 we were The word “we” refers to Joseph and includes all of his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 37 7 lp7e 0 tying bundles of grain When grain is reaped it is tied into bundles and stacked until it is time to separate the grain from the straw. -GEN 37 7 p45z 0 behold Here the word “behold” here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. -GEN 37 7 yu7f figs-personification 0 my bundle rose and stood upright…your bundles came around and bowed down Here the bundles of grain are standing and kneeling as if they were people. These bundle represent Joseph and his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) -GEN 37 8 yak9 figs-parallelism 0 Will you really reign over us? Will you actually rule over us? Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Joseph’s brothers are using questions to mock Joseph. They can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “You will never be our king, and we will never bow down to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 37 8 pjm9 figs-exclusive 0 reign over us The word “us” refers to Joseph’s brothers but not Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 37 8 gtl3 0 for his dreams and for his words “because of his dreams and what he said” -GEN 37 9 kyz2 0 He dreamed another dream “Joseph had another dream” -GEN 37 9 tzi7 translate-numbers 0 eleven stars “11 stars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 37 10 fqz5 0 his father rebuked him. He said to him “Israel scolded him, saying” -GEN 37 10 c1l9 figs-rquestion 0 What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will your mother…to the ground to you? Israel uses questions to correct Joseph. This can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “This dream you had is not real. Your mother, brothers, and I will not bow down before you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 37 11 r99i 0 jealous This means being angry because someone else is successful or more popular. -GEN 37 11 ml87 figs-idiom 0 kept the matter in mind The means that he kept thinking about the meaning of Joseph’s dream. Alternate translation: “kept thinking about what the dream might mean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 37 13 is7f figs-rquestion 0 Are not your brothers tending the flock in Shechem? Israel uses a question to begin a conversation. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You brothers are tending the flock in Shechem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 37 13 mkc7 figs-explicit 0 Come Here it is implied that Israel is asking Joseph to prepare himself to leave and go see his brothers. Alternate translation: “Get ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 13 py59 figs-explicit 0 I am ready He is ready to leave. “I am ready to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 14 qey4 0 He said to him “Israel said to Joseph” -GEN 37 14 w1ct figs-idiom 0 bring me word Israel wants Joseph to come back and tell him about how his brother and flocks are doing. Alternate translation: “come tell me what you find out” or “give me a report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 37 14 lr5e 0 out of the Valley “from the Valley” -GEN 37 15 un9m 0 A certain man found Joseph. Behold, Joseph was wandering in a field “A certain man found Joseph wandering in a field” -GEN 37 15 d2cb 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. -GEN 37 15 s9np 0 What do you seek? “What are you looking for?” -GEN 37 16 a4w2 0 Tell me, please, where “Please tell me where” -GEN 37 16 w68c 0 tending the flock “shepherding their flock” -GEN 37 17 kti6 translate-names 0 Dothan This is the name of a place that is about 22 kilometers from Shechem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 37 18 b5ik 0 They saw him from a distance “Joseph’s brothers saw him while he was far away” -GEN 37 18 j6pl 0 they plotted against him to kill him “they made plans to kill him” -GEN 37 19 e925 0 this dreamer is approaching “here comes the one who has the dreams” -GEN 37 20 gv2f figs-idiom 0 Come now, therefore This wording shows that the brothers acted upon their plans. Alternate translation: “So now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 37 20 q5ub 0 wild animal “dangerous animal” or “ferocious animal” -GEN 37 20 tf98 0 devoured to eagerly have eaten -GEN 37 20 f645 figs-irony 0 We will see what will become of his dreams His brothers planned to kill him, therefore it is ironic that they would speak of his dream coming true, since he would be dead. Alternate translation: “That way we will make sure his dreams do not come true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) -GEN 37 21 hcd3 0 heard it “heard what they were saying” -GEN 37 21 h7vp figs-metonymy 0 from their hand The phrase “their hand” refers to the brothers’ plan to kill him. Alternate translation: “from them” or “from their plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 37 21 tgx9 figs-euphemism 0 Let us not take his life The phrase “take his life” is a euphemism for killing someone. Alternate translation: “Let us not kill Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 37 22 ia68 figs-litotes 0 Shed no blood The negation can be placed on the verb. Also, “shedding blood” is a euphemism for killing someone. Alternate translation: “Do not spill any blood” or “Do not kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 37 22 pp4s 0 that he might rescue him This can be translated as a new sentence: “Rueben said this so that he might rescue Joseph” -GEN 37 22 w33s figs-metonymy 0 out of their hand The phrase “their hand” refers to the brothers’ plan to kill him. Alternate translation: “from them” or “from their plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 37 22 qi79 0 to bring him back “and return him” -GEN 37 23 avb4 0 It came about that when This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 37 23 hk1a 0 they stripped him of his beautiful garment “they tore his beautiful garment off of him” -GEN 37 23 r88s 0 beautiful garment “beautiful robe.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 37:3](../37/03.md). -GEN 37 25 z1zh figs-synecdoche 0 They sat down to eat bread “Bread” represents food in general. Alternate translation: “They sat down to eat food” or “Joseph’s brothers sat down to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 37 25 u8ky figs-metaphor 0 They lifted up their eyes and looked, and, behold, a caravan Here looking up is spoken of as if a person literally lifted up his eyes. Also, the word “behold” is used here to draw the reader’s attention to what the men saw. Alternate translation: “They looked up and they suddenly saw a caravan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 37 25 vw51 0 bearing carrying -GEN 37 25 ry7t 0 spices seasonings -GEN 37 25 c9x3 0 balm an oily substance with a sweet smell used for healing and protecting skin. “medicine” -GEN 37 25 c48b figs-explicit 0 traveling to carry them down to Egypt “bringing them down to Egypt.” This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “bringing them down to Egypt to sell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 26 jqq1 figs-rquestion 0 What profit is it if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “We do not gain a profit by killing our brother and covering up his blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 37 26 t3nl figs-metaphor 0 cover up his blood This is a figure of speech referring to hiding Joseph’s death. Alternate translation: “hide his murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 37 27 z5vv 0 to the Ishmaelites “to these men who are descendants of Ishmael” -GEN 37 27 drn8 figs-idiom 0 not lay our hands upon him This means not to harm or injure him. Alternate translation: “not hurt him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 37 27 x3zy figs-metonymy 0 he is our brother, our flesh The word “flesh” is a metonym that stands for a relative. Alternate translation: “he is our blood relative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 37 27 ih6w 0 His brothers listened to him “Judah’s brothers listened to him” or “Judah’s brothers agreed with him” -GEN 37 28 fs89 0 Midianite…Ishmaelites Both names refer to the same group of traders that Joseph’s brothers meet. -GEN 37 28 plq1 translate-numbers 0 for twenty pieces of silver “for the price of 20 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 37 28 sty7 0 carried Joseph into Egypt “took Joseph to Egypt” -GEN 37 29 u33n 0 Reuben returned to the pit, and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit “Reuben returned to the pit, and was surprised to see that Joseph was not there.” The word “behold” here shows that Reuben was surprised to find out Joseph was gone. -GEN 37 29 q2rx figs-explicit 0 He tore his clothes This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: “He was so grieved that he tore his clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 30 rz5i figs-rquestion 0 The boy is not there! And I, where can I go? Reuben uses questions for emphasis the problem that Joseph was missing. These can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “The boy is gone! I cannot go back home now!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 37 31 mg6n 0 Joseph’s garment This refers to the beautiful garment that his father made for him. -GEN 37 31 v9ds 0 the blood “the goat’s blood” -GEN 37 32 uw8d 0 they brought it “they brought the garment” -GEN 37 33 jk1r 0 has devoured him “has eaten him” -GEN 37 33 i3f2 figs-activepassive 0 Joseph has certainly been torn to pieces Jacob thinks that a wild animal has torn Joseph’s body apart. Alternate translation: “It has certainly torn Joseph to pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 37 34 br9g figs-explicit 0 Jacob tore his garments This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: “Jacob was so grieved that he tore his garments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 34 x4zj figs-explicit 0 put sackcloth upon his loins Here “loins” refers to the middle part of the body or the waist. Alternate translation: “put on sackcloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 35 rd4c figs-metaphor 0 rose up Here the childrens’ coming to their father is spoke of as “rising up.” Alternate translation: “came to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 37 35 inp9 figs-activepassive 0 but he refused to be comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but he would not let them comfort him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 37 35 qls4 figs-explicit 0 Indeed I will go down to Sheol mourning The means that he be mourning from now until when he dies. Alternate translation: “Indeed when I die and go down to Sheol I will still be mourning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 37 36 p1k8 0 The Midianites sold him “The Midianites sold Joseph” -GEN 37 36 zpi7 0 the captain of the bodyguard “the leader of the soldiers who guarded the king” -GEN 38 intro m9uv 0 # Genesis 38 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter focuses on Jacob’s son Judah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### “Spilling his seed”
Onan was to provide for his brother’s widow and give her an heir. This phrase indicates that he used Tamar to fulfill his own sexual desires rather than help her. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### God preserves Judah’s line
The Canaanite woman, Tamar, deceived her father-in-law, Judah, into having sexual relations with her. If it had not been for this act, Judah would not have any descendants to carry on his family line. Although her actions were wrong, God used them to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) -GEN 38 1 d341 writing-newevent 0 It came about at that time that Judah This introduces a new part of the story that focuses on Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 38 1 mm6t translate-names 0 a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah Hirah is the name of a man who lived in the village of Adullam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 2 g2ep translate-names 0 whose name was Shua Shua is a Canaanite woman who married Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 2 ri4x figs-euphemism 0 he went in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 38 3 tdy5 0 She became pregnant “Judah’s wife became pregnant” -GEN 38 3 b2qs figs-activepassive 0 He was named Er This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “His father named him Er” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 3 uw47 translate-names 0 Er Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 4 j52v 0 called his name “named him” -GEN 38 4 d5vx translate-names 0 Onan Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 5 qtm2 translate-names 0 Shelah Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 5 q8z9 translate-names 0 Kezib This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 6 yph1 translate-names 0 Er This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:3](../38/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 7 dn6g figs-idiom 0 was wicked in the sight of Yahweh The phrase “in the sight” refers to Yahweh seeing Er’s wickedness. Alternate translation: “was wicked and Yahweh saw it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 38 7 i5dq figs-explicit 0 Yahweh killed him Yahweh killed him because he was wicked. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 8 tk66 translate-names 0 Onan This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:4](../38/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 8 kks8 figs-euphemism 0 Go in to your brother’s wife This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with your brother’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 38 8 a6ev 0 Do the duty of a brother-in-law to her This refers to a custom that when the oldest brother dies before he and his wife have a son, the next oldest brother would marry and have sexual relations with the widow. When the widow gave birth to the first son, that son was considered the son of the oldest brother and he would receive the oldest brother’s inheritance. -GEN 38 9 h2uc figs-euphemism 0 he went in to This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 38 10 d3ql figs-idiom 0 was evil in the sight of Yahweh The phrase “in the sight” refers to Yahweh seeing Onan’s wickedness. Alternate translation: “was evil and Yahweh saw it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 38 10 pa7a figs-explicit 0 Yahweh killed him also Yahweh killed him because what he did was evil. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh killed him also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 11 w812 0 his daughter-in-law “his oldest son’s wife” -GEN 38 11 tu93 figs-explicit 0 in your father’s house This means her to live in here father’s house. Alternate translation: “and live in your father’s house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 11 xx8w figs-explicit 0 until Shelah, my son, grows up Judah intends for Tamar to marry Shelah when he grows up. Alternate translation: “and when Shelah, my son, grows up, he can marry you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 11 e1y2 translate-names 0 Shelah This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:5](../38/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 11 ib5z figs-explicit 0 For he feared, “He might also die, just like his brothers Judah feared that if Shelah married Tamar he would also die like his brothers did. Alternate translation: “For he feared, ‘If he marries her he may also die like his brothers did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 12 fpu9 translate-names 0 Shua’s This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:2](../38/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 12 ws3g 0 Judah was comforted and “When Judah was no longer grieving, he” -GEN 38 12 f28q 0 his sheepshearers at Timnah “Timnah, where his men were shearing sheep” -GEN 38 12 cx57 translate-names 0 Timnah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 12 gmi5 0 he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite “His friend Hiram, from Adullam, went with him” -GEN 38 12 ep2s translate-names 0 Hirah the Adullamite “Hiram” is the name of a man, and “Adullam” is the name of a village where he lived. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 13 pf3r figs-activepassive 0 Tamar was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Tamar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 13 g6yw 0 Look, your father-in-law “Listen.” Here the word “look” is used to get Tamar attention. -GEN 38 13 dt3t 0 your father-in-law “your husband’s father” -GEN 38 14 z7kx translate-names 0 Enaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 14 l825 0 of her widowhood “that widows wear” -GEN 38 14 z8wu 0 veil a very thin material used to cover a woman’s head and face -GEN 38 14 w9p6 figs-explicit 0 wrapped herself This means that she hid herself with her clothing so that people would not recognize her. Traditionally, part of women’s clothing were large pieces of cloth they wrapped themselves with. Alternate translation: “wrapped herself in her clothing so that people would not recognize her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 14 i1it 0 by the road “along the road” or “on the way” -GEN 38 14 ph6r figs-activepassive 0 she had not been given to him as a wife This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Judah had not given her to Shelah as a wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 15 wl6g 0 When Judah saw her The word “her” here refers to Tamar, but your reader should understand that Judah did not know that the woman he was looking at was Tamar. -GEN 38 15 y8kx figs-explicit 0 because she had covered her face Judah did not think she was a prostitute just because her face was covered but also because she was sitting in the gate. Alternate translation: “because she had covered her head and sat where prostitutes often sat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 16 i3uh figs-explicit 0 He went to her by the road Tamar was sitting by the road. Alternate translation: “He went to where she was sitting by the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 16 q479 0 Come, please “Come with me, please” or “Come now, please” -GEN 38 17 rjw2 0 from the flock “from my flock of goats” -GEN 38 18 dv74 0 seal and cord…staff A “seal” is similar to a coin with a design engraved on it, used to imprint melted wax. The “cord” was put through the seal so the owner could wear it around his neck. A staff was long wooden stick that helped in walking over rough ground. -GEN 38 18 tz55 figs-euphemism 0 he went in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 38 18 e1lh figs-activepassive 0 she became pregnant by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he caused her to become pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 19 t44a 0 veil This was a very thin material used to cover a woman’s head and face. See how you translated these in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). -GEN 38 19 df5s 0 clothing of her widowhood “clothing that widows wear.” See how you translated these in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). -GEN 38 20 ck76 translate-names 0 Adullamite a person who lives in the village of Adullam. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 20 c471 figs-activepassive 0 receive the pledge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “take back the pledge”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 20 gj77 figs-synecdoche 0 from the woman’s hand Here “hand” emphasizes that they were in here possession. The woman’s hand refers to the woman. Alternate translation: “from the woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 38 21 yd96 translate-names 0 Adullamite a person who lives in the village of Adullam. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 21 f9j4 0 the men of the place “some of the men who lived there” -GEN 38 21 wg3u 0 cultic prostitute “prostitute who serves in the temple” -GEN 38 21 tr6j translate-names 0 Enaim This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 23 wmj7 figs-explicit 0 that we not be put to shame When people found out what had happened they would ridicule Judah and laugh at him. This can be made clear and stated in active form. Alternate translation: “or else people will laugh at us when they find out what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 24 n17v writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 38 24 v2xa figs-activepassive 0 it was told to Judah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 24 ps9t 0 Tamar your daughter-in-law “Tamar, your oldest son’s wife” -GEN 38 24 cli3 figs-activepassive 0 she is pregnant by it Here the word “it” refers to the “prostitution” that she committed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it has made her pregnant” or “she is pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 24 gs86 0 Bring her here “Bring her out” -GEN 38 24 u7ku figs-activepassive 0 let her be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will burn her to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 25 b976 figs-activepassive 0 When she was brought out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When they brought her out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 25 h9p8 0 her father-in-law “her husband’s father” -GEN 38 25 sd68 0 seal and cords and staff A “seal” is similar to a coin with a design engraved on it, used to make an impression in melted wax. The “cord” was put through the seal so the owner could wear it around his neck. A staff was long wooden stick that helped in walking over rough ground. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:18](../38/18.md). -GEN 38 26 r4f3 translate-names 0 Shelah This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:5](../38/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 26 fdr5 figs-euphemism 0 did not lie with her again This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “did not have sexual relations with her again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 38 27 i46v writing-newevent 0 It came about at the time This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 38 27 aqm9 0 behold The word “behold” alerts us to the surprise that Tamar was carrying twins, which was previously unknown. -GEN 38 28 p9yq 0 It came about as she was giving birth This phrase “It came about” marks an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 38 28 xui1 0 one put out a hand “one of the babies put out his hand” -GEN 38 28 l4m5 0 midwife This is a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child. See how you translated this in [Genesis 35:17](../35/17.md). -GEN 38 28 qm8p 0 scarlet thread “bright red thread” -GEN 38 28 hph2 0 on his hand “around his wrist” -GEN 38 29 ciu7 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 38 29 ra5t figs-explicit 0 How you have broken out! This shows the midwife’s surprise to seeing the second baby come out first. Alternate translation: “So this is how you break your way out first!” or “You have burst out first!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 38 29 n6hp figs-activepassive 0 he was named This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she named him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 38 29 d8yk translate-names 0 Perez This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Perez means ‘breaking out.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 38 30 zzy9 translate-names 0 Zerah This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Zerah means ‘scarlet or bright red.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 39 intro a8n6 0 # Genesis 39 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. This is a sign of Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. He chose to do what was right, even when it could cause him harm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) -GEN 39 1 e2vg figs-idiom 0 Joseph was brought down to Egypt Travelling to Egypt is always considered as going “down” in contrast to going “up” to the promised land. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Ishmaelites had taken Joseph to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 39 2 f9fl figs-idiom 0 Yahweh was with Joseph This means that Yahweh helped Joseph and was always with him. Alternate translation: “Yahweh guided Joseph and helped him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 2 fn2m figs-metaphor 0 He lived in the house Here the author speaks of working in the master’s house as if it were living in the master’s house. Only the most trusted servants were permitted to work in their master’s house. AT : “he worked in the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 2 j4w7 0 his Egyptian master Joseph was now Potiphar’s slave. -GEN 39 3 xvx7 figs-idiom 0 His master saw that Yahweh was with him This means that the master saw how Yahweh was helping Joseph. Alternate translation: “His master saw that Yahweh was helping him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 3 jq22 0 that Yahweh prospered everything that he did “Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper” -GEN 39 4 hd1r figs-idiom 0 Joseph found favor in his sight “To find favor” means to be approved by someone. The idiom “in his sight” refers to a person’s opinion. Possible meanings are (1) Alternate translation: “Potiphar was pleased with Joseph” or (2) Alternate translation: “Yahweh was pleased with Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 4 wv9x 0 He served Potiphar This means that he was Potiphar’s personal servant. -GEN 39 4 ld27 0 Potiphar made Joseph manager over his house, and everything that he possessed “Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to Potiphar” -GEN 39 4 t3u1 figs-metaphor 0 put under his care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “he had Joseph care for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 5 nr78 0 It came about from the time that he made him manager over his house and over everything he possessed, that Yahweh blessed the Egyptian’s house because of Joseph You may need to use the words “Joseph” and “the Egyptian” before using pronouns to refer to them. “The Egyptian made Joseph manager over his house and over everything he possessed, and it came about from the time that Yahweh blessed the Egyptian’s house because of Joseph” -GEN 39 5 ys1h writing-background 0 It came about This phrase is used here to tell the reader that these two verses are background information for the next event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 39 5 vv9x 0 he made him manager over his house and over everything he possessed “Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to him” -GEN 39 5 f9hu 0 blessed Here “blessed” means to cause good and beneficial things to happen to the person or thing that is being blessed. -GEN 39 5 c9t1 figs-metaphor 0 The blessing of Yahweh was on Here the author speaks of the blessing that Yahweh gave as if it were a physical covering put over something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh blessed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 5 d2m5 figs-explicit 0 everything that Potiphar had in the house and in the field This refers his household and his crops and livestock. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Potiphar’s household and all of his crops and livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 39 6 cqj8 figs-metaphor 0 Potiphar put everything that he had under Joseph’s care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “So Potiphar put Joseph in charge of everything that he had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 6 hx4p figs-explicit 0 He did not have to think about anything except the food that he ate He did not have to worry about anything in his household; he only had to make decisions about what he wanted to eat. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Potiphar only had to think about what he wanted to eat. He did not have to worry about anything else in his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 39 6 ia1m writing-background 0 Now The word “now” marks a break in the story line as the author gives background information about Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 39 6 wy9g figs-doublet 0 handsome and attractive Both of the words have same meaning. They refer to Joseph’s pleasing appearance. He was likely good-looking and strong. Alternate translation: “handsome and strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 39 7 bu7c writing-newevent 0 It came about after this that “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 7 x6db figs-euphemism 0 Lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 39 8 g7nr 0 Look “Listen.” Joseph uses this word to get Potiphar’s wife’s attention. -GEN 39 8 hl45 figs-doublenegatives 0 my master does not pay attention to what I do in the house “my master has no concern about his household with me in charge.” This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “my master trusts me with his household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) -GEN 39 8 v8lh figs-metaphor 0 he has put everything that he owns under my care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “he has put me in charge of everything that belongs to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 9 xvi7 figs-metaphor 0 No one is greater in this house than I am Here the author speaks of authority as if it were greatness. Alternate translation: “I have more authority in this house than anyone else” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 9 x4sd figs-litotes 0 He has not kept back anything from me but you This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “He has given me everything except you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) -GEN 39 9 gk4v figs-rquestion 0 How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God? Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I certainly cannot do such a wicked thing and sin against God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 39 10 vm2s figs-explicit 0 She spoke to Joseph day after day This means that she kept asking him to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “She kept on asking Joseph to sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 39 10 f48l figs-euphemism 0 to lie with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 39 10 c1pu 0 to be with her “to be near her” -GEN 39 11 fgn4 writing-newevent 0 It came about “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 11 uf8u 0 None of the men of the house “None of the other men who worked in the house” -GEN 39 12 x9k8 figs-euphemism 0 Lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 39 12 i97q 0 fled, and went outside “and quickly ran outside” or “and quickly ran out of the house” -GEN 39 13 ix34 writing-newevent 0 It came about “Then” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 13 ufa4 0 had fled outside “had quickly ran out of the house” -GEN 39 14 ikv6 0 the men of her house “the men who worked in her house” -GEN 39 14 tuv8 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” -GEN 39 14 k9h6 figs-euphemism 0 He came in to me to lie with me Here Potiphar’s wife is accusing Joseph of trying to seize her and have sexual relations with her. “He came into my room to have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 39 15 n1kg writing-newevent 0 It came about when he heard me scream, that he “When he heard me scream, he.” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 16 ma4z 0 his master “Joseph’s master.” This refers to Potiphar. -GEN 39 17 xu1x 0 She told him this explanation “She explained it like this” -GEN 39 17 qu1q figs-exclusive 0 brought to us The word “us” refers to Potiphar, his wife, and includes the rest of the household. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 39 17 s2dj figs-euphemism 0 came in to mock me “came in to make a fool of me.” Here, the word “mock” is a euphemism for “to seize and to sleep with.” Alternate translation: “came into where I was and tried to force me to sleep with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 39 18 u1cu writing-newevent 0 It came about that “Then.” Potiphar’s wife uses this phrase to mark the next event in the account she is telling him about Joseph trying to sleep with her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 18 r27a 0 fled outside “ran quickly out of the house” -GEN 39 19 z9ib writing-newevent 0 It came about that “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 39 19 nr6k figs-explicit 0 his master “Joseph’s master.” This refers to Potiphar. This information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Joseph’s master, Potiphar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 39 19 clp9 0 heard the explanation his wife told him “heard his wife explain to him.” The word “his” and “him” here refer to Potiphar. -GEN 39 19 wt6m 0 he became very angry “Potiphar became very angry” -GEN 39 20 w9a8 figs-activepassive 0 the place where the king’s prisoners were confined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the place where the king put his prisoners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 39 20 w9ky 0 He was there “Joseph stayed there” -GEN 39 21 j7f2 figs-idiom 0 But Yahweh was with Joseph This refers to how Yahweh took care of Joseph and was kind to him. Alternate translation: “But Yahweh was kind to Joseph” or “But Yahweh took care of Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 21 s8kg figs-abstractnouns 0 showed covenant faithfulness to him The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “was faithful to his covenant with him” or “faithfully loved him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 39 21 wd2i figs-idiom 0 He gave him favor in the sight of the prison warden This means Yahweh caused the prison warden to approve of Joseph and to treat him well. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the prison warden to be pleased with Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 21 y3zt 0 the prison warden “the prison manager” or “the man in charge of the prison” -GEN 39 22 wbf9 figs-metaphor 0 gave into Joseph’s hand Here “hand” represents Joseph’s power or trust. Alternate translation: “put Joseph in charge of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 39 22 ma4g 0 Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it “Joseph was in charge of everything they did there” -GEN 39 23 j1y2 figs-idiom 0 because Yahweh was with him This refers to how Yahweh helped Joseph and guided him. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh guided Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 39 23 kpn2 0 Whatever he did, Yahweh prospered “Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper” -GEN 40 intro ef8h 0 # Genesis 40 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Interpretation of dreams
The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) -GEN 40 1 nwl6 writing-newevent 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 40 1 bab1 0 the cupbearer This is the person who brought drinks to the king. -GEN 40 1 i7i3 0 king’s baker This is the person who made food for the king. -GEN 40 1 kuf4 0 offended their master “upset their master” -GEN 40 2 ch6u 0 the chief of the cupbearers and the chief of the bakers “the leading cupbearer and the leading baker” -GEN 40 3 xu5i 0 He put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guard “He put them in the prison that was in the house that was overseen by the captain of the guard” -GEN 40 3 ba8g figs-metonymy 0 He put them The king did not put them in prison but rather he commanded for them to be imprisoned. Alternate translation: “He had them put” or “He commanded his guard to put” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 40 3 r4uj figs-activepassive 0 in the same prison where Joseph was confined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This was the same prison that Joseph was in” or “This was the same prison Potiphar put Joseph in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 40 4 zrd7 0 They remained in custody for some time “They remained in prison for a long time” -GEN 40 6 a1d1 0 Joseph came to them “Joseph came to the cupbearer and the baker” -GEN 40 6 yub6 figs-explicit 0 Behold, they were sad The word “behold” here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. Alternate translation: “He was surprised to see that they were sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 40 7 lc9x 0 Pharaoh’s officials who were with him This refers to the cupbearer and the baker. -GEN 40 7 q9qf 0 in custody in his master’s house “In prison in him master’s house.” “His master” refers to Joseph’s master, the captain of the guard. -GEN 40 8 fin5 figs-rquestion 0 Do not interpretations belong to God? Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Interpretations belong to God!” or “It is God who can tell the meaning of dreams!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 40 8 va6r figs-ellipsis 0 Tell me, please Joseph asks for them to tell him their dreams. Alternate translation: “Tell me the dreams, please” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 40 9 srp7 0 The chief of the cupbearers The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 40 9 w5j9 0 In my dream, behold, a vine was in front of me “In my dream, I saw a vine in front of me!” The cupbearer uses word “behold” here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. -GEN 40 10 ehe4 0 the clusters of grapes ripened “its clusters ripened into grapes” -GEN 40 11 dy72 figs-explicit 0 squeezed them This means that he squeezed the juice out of them. Alternate translation: “squeezed the juice from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 40 12 xg18 0 This is the interpretation of it “Here is what the dream means” -GEN 40 12 v4nl 0 The three branches are three days “The three branches represent three days” -GEN 40 13 v3j1 0 Within three days “In three more days” -GEN 40 13 ra1m figs-metaphor 0 will lift up your head Here Joseph speaks of Pharaoh releasing the cupbearer from prison as if Pharaoh were causing him to lift up his head. Alternate translation: “will release you from prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 40 13 x76t 0 restore you to your office “will give you back your job” -GEN 40 13 jxm9 0 just as when “just as you did when” -GEN 40 14 vhy3 0 please show kindness to me “please be kind to me” -GEN 40 14 ril5 figs-explicit 0 Mention me to Pharaoh and bring me out of this prison Joseph means for the cupbearer to tell Pharaoh about him so that Pharaoh will release him from prison. Alternate translation: “Help me get out of this prison by telling Pharaoh about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 40 15 h47u figs-activepassive 0 For indeed I was abducted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For indeed people took me” or “For indeed the Ishmaelites took me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 40 15 eec8 0 the land of the Hebrews “the land where the Hebrew people live” -GEN 40 15 ael9 0 Here also have I done nothing that they should put me in this dungeon “and also while I have been here in Egypt, I have done nothing for which I deserved to be put in prison” -GEN 40 16 b5rq 0 the chief of the bakers This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 40 16 g1t1 0 I also had a dream, and “I also had a dream, and in my dream,” -GEN 40 16 z4gg 0 behold, three baskets of bread were on my head “there were three baskets of bread on my head!” The baker uses word “behold” here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. -GEN 40 17 ya56 0 baked goods for Pharaoh “baked foods for Pharaoh” -GEN 40 18 xb3a 0 This is the interpretation “Here is what the dream means” -GEN 40 18 g2ud 0 The three baskets are three days “The three baskets represent three days” -GEN 40 19 r5pe 0 will lift up your head from you Joseph also used the phrase “will lift up your head” when he spoke to the cupbearer in [Genesis 40:13](../40/13.md). Here it has a different meaning. Possible meanings are (1) “will lift up your head to put a rope around your neck” or (2) “will lift up your head to cut it off.” -GEN 40 19 wcp5 0 flesh Here “flesh” literally means the soft tissue on a person’s body. -GEN 40 20 va7b writing-newevent 0 It came about on the third day that “Afterward, on the third day.” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 40 20 dfq1 0 He made a feast “He had a feast” -GEN 40 20 s2fj 0 the chief of the cupbearers This was the leading person who prepared and served drinks to the king. See how these were translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 40 20 j63e 0 the chief of the bakers This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 40 21 i37q figs-metonymy 0 He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibility The chief of the cupbearer’s “responsibility” refers to his job as chief of the cupbearers. Alternate translation: “He gave the chief of the cupbearers his job back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 40 22 iet6 figs-metonymy 0 But he hanged the chief of the bakers Pharaoh did not personally hang the baker, rather he commanded for him to be hanged. Alternate translation: “But he commanded for the chief of the bakers to be hanged” or “But he commanded his guards to hang the chief of the bakers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 40 22 hh6d figs-explicit 0 just as Joseph had interpreted to them This refers to when Joseph interpreted their dreams. Alternate translation: “just as Joseph had said would happen when he interpreted the two men’s dreams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 41 intro h6hd 0 # Genesis 41 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Interpretation of dreams
The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]l, [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -GEN 41 1 tw22 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 41 1 y4mv 0 at the end of two full years Two years passed after Joseph correctly interpreted the dreams of Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker, who had been in prison with Joseph. -GEN 41 1 l2v3 0 Behold, he stood The word “behold” here marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “He was surprised because he was standing” -GEN 41 1 d55g 0 he stood “Pharaoh was standing” -GEN 41 2 n2rr 0 desirable and fat “healthy and fat” -GEN 41 2 ka4y 0 grazed in the reeds “were eating the grass along the side of the river” -GEN 41 2 g7bg 0 reeds tall, thin grasses that grow in wet areas -GEN 41 3 jk79 0 Behold, seven other cows The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was again surprised by what he saw. -GEN 41 3 jmx4 0 undesirable and thin “sick and thin” -GEN 41 3 c414 0 bank of the river “beside the river” or “riverside.” This is the higher ground along the edge of a river. -GEN 41 4 k1gu 0 undesirable and thin “weak and skinny.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). -GEN 41 4 hp6k 0 desirable and fat “healthy and well-fed.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). -GEN 41 4 we5y 0 woke up “awakened” -GEN 41 5 c4an translate-ordinal 0 a second time The word “second” is an ordinal number. Alternate translation: “again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 41 5 ua5x 0 Behold, seven heads The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw. -GEN 41 5 h4g3 0 heads of grain The heads are parts of the corn plant on which the seeds grow. -GEN 41 5 cd5d 0 came up on one stalk “grew up on one stem.” The stalk is the thick or tall part of a plant. -GEN 41 5 g3qk 0 on one stalk, wholesome and good “on one stock and they were healthy and beautiful” -GEN 41 6 v7ey figs-activepassive 0 thin and scorched by the east wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that were thin and burned because of the hot wind from the east” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 6 s21b 0 the east wind Wind from the east blew in from the desert. The heat of the east wind was often very destructive. -GEN 41 6 tvj9 0 sprouted up “grew up” or “developed” -GEN 41 7 r9xp figs-ellipsis 0 The thin heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “The thin heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 7 v2mi 0 swallowed up “ate.” Pharaoh is dreaming that unhealthy corn could eat healthy corn just like a person eats food. -GEN 41 7 uar4 0 wholesome and full heads “healthy and good heads.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:5](../41/05.md). -GEN 41 7 e7u2 0 woke up “awakened” -GEN 41 7 s4lc 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he had seen. -GEN 41 7 eke4 0 it was a dream “he had been dreaming” -GEN 41 8 x955 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 41 8 b73z figs-synecdoche 0 his spirit was troubled Here the word “spirit” refers to his inner being or his emotions. Alternate translation: “he was troubled in his inner being” or “he was troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 41 8 na7t figs-ellipsis 0 He sent and called It is understood that he sent servants. Alternate translation: “He sent his servants to call” or “He sent his servants to summon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 8 jy8h 0 all the magicians and wise men of Egypt Ancient kings and rulers used magicians and wise men as advisers. -GEN 41 9 e1hz 0 chief cupbearer The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 41 9 wmd3 0 Today I am thinking about my offenses The word “Today” is used for emphasis. His “offenses” are that he should have told Pharaoh something much earlier but he did not. Alternate translation: “I just realized that I forgot to tell you something” -GEN 41 10 a77g figs-123person 0 Pharaoh was angry The cupbearer is referring to Pharaoh in third person. This is a common way for someone with less power to speak to someone with greater power. Alternate translation: “You, Pharaoh, were angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 10 yn3r figs-123person 0 with his servants Here “his” refers to Pharaoh. Here “servants” refers to the cupbearer and the chief baker. Alternate translation: “with us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 10 e32b 0 put me in custody in the house of the captain of the guard, the chief baker and me “put the chief baker and me in the prison where the captain of the guard was in charge.” Here “house” refers to the prison. -GEN 41 10 iz6m 0 the captain of the guard The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:3](../40/03.md). -GEN 41 10 jp2m 0 the chief baker The most important person who made food for the king. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). -GEN 41 11 f7vz 0 We dreamed a dream the same night, he and I “One night we both had dreams” -GEN 41 11 uy9u figs-exclusive 0 We dreamed Here “We” refers to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 41 11 ku89 0 We dreamed each man according to the interpretation of his dream “Our dreams had different meanings” -GEN 41 12 g7p9 0 General Information: The chief cupbearer continues to speak to Pharaoh. -GEN 41 12 zu8t 0 There was with us there “In prison there was with the chief baker and me” -GEN 41 12 cjy9 0 the captain of the guard The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:3](../40/03.md). -GEN 41 12 lrw5 0 We told him and he interpreted for us our dreams “We told him our dreams and he explained their meanings to us” -GEN 41 12 t5dz figs-123person 0 He interpreted for each of us according to his dream Here “his” refers to the cupbearer and baker individually, not to the one interpreting the dream. Alternate translation: “He explained what was going to happen to both of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 13 p1s7 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 41 13 zhk8 0 as he interpreted for us, so it happened “what he explained about the dreams is what later happened” -GEN 41 13 fv56 figs-123person 0 Pharaoh restored me to my post Here the cupbearer uses Pharaoh’s title in speaking to him as a way of honoring him. Alternate translation: “You allowed me to return to my job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 13 w4yi 0 the other one “the chief baker” -GEN 41 13 fxy2 figs-123person 0 he hanged Here “he” refers to Pharaoh. And, it stands for the soldiers that Pharaoh commanded to hang the chief baker. Alternate translation: “you ordered your soldiers to hang” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 14 m2th figs-ellipsis 0 Pharaoh sent and called for It is understood that Pharaoh sent servants. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh sent his servants to get Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 14 l2yw 0 out of the dungeon “out of the jail” or “out of the prison” -GEN 41 14 gm9k 0 He shaved himself It was common practice to shave both the facial and head hair when preparing to go before Pharaoh. -GEN 41 14 hi7k figs-go 0 came in to Pharaoh Here “came” can be stated as “went.” Alternate translation: “went before Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 41 15 ye9x 0 there is no interpreter for it “no one can explain the meaning” -GEN 41 15 gl3z 0 you can interpret it “you can explain its meaning” -GEN 41 16 fy4i 0 It is not in me “I am not the one who can explain the meaning” -GEN 41 16 sva8 0 God will answer Pharaoh with favor “God will answer Pharaoh favorably” -GEN 41 17 m7d9 0 behold, I stood Pharaoh uses the word “behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. -GEN 41 17 arm4 0 bank of the Nile This is the higher ground along the edge of the Nile River. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). Alternate translation: “beside the Nile” -GEN 41 18 j94b 0 Behold, seven cows Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. -GEN 41 18 q5si 0 fat and desirable “well-fed and healthy.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). -GEN 41 18 ppr3 0 grazed among the reeds “were eating the grass along the side of the river.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). -GEN 41 19 m34x 0 Behold, seven other cows Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. -GEN 41 19 hdi9 0 undesirable, and thin “weak, and skinny.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). -GEN 41 19 ls2h figs-abstractnouns 0 such undesirableness The abstract noun “undesirableness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “such ugly cows” or “such worthless looking cows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 41 20 hr6a 0 fat cows “well-fed cows.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). -GEN 41 21 svd9 figs-activepassive 0 it could not be known that they had eaten them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one would have been able to tell that the thin cows had eaten the fat cows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 22 jga7 0 General Information: Pharaoh continues telling Joseph his dreams. -GEN 41 22 kz2w figs-explicit 0 I looked in my dream This begins Pharaoh’s next dream after he woke up and went back to sleep. Alternate translation: “Then I dreamed again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 41 22 pj1p 0 behold, seven heads Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. -GEN 41 22 rt6d figs-ellipsis 0 seven heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “seven heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 22 p2uk 0 came up upon one stalk “grew up on one stem.” The stalk is the thick or tall part of a plant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:5](../41/05.md). -GEN 41 23 sy8n 0 withered dead and dried -GEN 41 23 ia4j 0 sprang up “grew up” or “developed” -GEN 41 24 g4ud figs-ellipsis 0 The thin heads The words “of grain” are understood. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:7](../41/07.md). Alternate translation: “The thin heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 24 lf37 0 swallowed up “ate.” Pharaoh is dreaming that unhealthy corn could eat healthy corn just like a person eats food. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:7](../41/07.md). -GEN 41 24 zf3j 0 there was none that could “there was not a single one that could” or “none of them could” -GEN 41 25 q6cy figs-explicit 0 The dreams of Pharaoh are the same It is implied that the meanings are the same. Alternate translation: “Both dreams mean the same thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 41 25 q4kq figs-123person 0 What God is about to do, he has declared to Pharaoh Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “God is showing you what he will soon do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 26 xnj6 figs-ellipsis 0 seven good heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “seven good heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 41 27 k368 0 General Information: Joseph continues his interpretation of Pharaoh’s dreams -GEN 41 27 is68 0 thin and undesirable cows “skinny and weak cows.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). -GEN 41 27 rw51 figs-activepassive 0 seven thin heads scorched by the east wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “seven thin heads of grain scorched because of the hot wind from the east” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 28 ik53 figs-123person 0 That is the thing which I spoke to Pharaoh…revealed to Pharaoh Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “These events will happen just as I have told you…revealed to you, Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 28 xq53 0 he has revealed “he has made known” -GEN 41 29 uzi8 0 Look, seven “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: seven” -GEN 41 29 q9lh figs-metaphor 0 seven years of great abundance will come throughout all the land of Egypt This speaks about the years of abundance as if time is something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “there will be seven years in which there will be plenty of food throughout the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 30 a869 0 General Information: Joseph continues interpreting Pharaoh’s dreams. -GEN 41 30 y7lx figs-metaphor 0 Seven years of famine will come after them This speaks about the seven years of famine as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “Then there will be seven years when there is very little food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 30 zb38 figs-parallelism 0 all the abundance will be forgotten…and the famine will devastate the land Joseph expresses an idea in two ways to emphasize its importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 41 30 gz1x figs-metonymy 0 all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt Here “land” refers to the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt will forget about the years in which there was plenty of food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 30 tuu7 figs-metonymy 0 will devastate the land Here “land” refers to the soil, the people, and the entire country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 31 a4xl figs-parallelism 0 The abundance will not be remembered…because of the famine that will follow Joseph expresses an idea in two ways to emphasize its importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 41 31 qf5c figs-metaphor 0 because of the famine that will follow This speaks about the famine as if it were a thing that travels and follows behind something else. Alternate translation: “because of the time of famine that will happen afterwards” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 32 k4qw figs-activepassive 0 That the dream was repeated to Pharaoh is because the matter has been established by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gave you two dreams to show you that he will certainly cause these things to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 33 i8w9 0 General Information: Joseph continues to address Pharaoh -GEN 41 33 qex3 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 41 33 a6dg figs-123person 0 let Pharaoh look Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “You, Pharaoh, should look” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 41 33 w17p figs-idiom 0 put him over the land of Egypt The phrase “put him over” means to give someone authority. Alternate translation: “give him authority over the kingdom of Egypt” or “put him in charge of the kingdom of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 41 33 t3pi figs-metonymy 0 land of Egypt Here “land” stands for all the people and everything in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 34 vy8h translate-fraction 0 let them take a fifth of the crops of Egypt The word “fifth” is a fraction. Alternate translation: “let them divide the crops of Egypt into five equal parts, then take one of those parts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) -GEN 41 34 q92v 0 in the seven abundant years “during the seven years in which there is plenty of food” -GEN 41 35 w1if 0 General Information: Joseph continues to counsel Pharaoh -GEN 41 35 ea47 0 Let them gather “Allow the overseers to gather” -GEN 41 35 ru7g figs-metaphor 0 of these good years that are coming This speaks of years as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “during the good years that will soon happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 35 rc85 figs-idiom 0 store up grain under the authority of Pharaoh The phrase “under the authority of Pharaoh” means Pharaoh gives them authority. Alternate translation: “use the authority of Pharaoh to store the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 41 35 q2j1 figs-metonymy 0 They should preserve it The word “they” refers to the overseers and represents the soldiers that they should command to guard the grain. Alternate translation: “The overseers should leave soldiers there to guard the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 36 r5dj figs-metonymy 0 The food will be a supply for the land Here “land” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “This food will be for the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 36 ytd1 figs-metonymy 0 In this way the land will not be devastated by the famine Here “land” stands for the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This way the people will not starve during the famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 37 d6hd figs-metaphor 0 This advice was good in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of all his servants The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh and his servants thought this was a good plan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 37 lvg2 0 his servants This means Pharaoh’s officials. -GEN 41 38 xmh3 0 such a man as this “a man like the one Joseph described” -GEN 41 38 wl54 0 in whom is the Spirit of God “in whom the Spirit of God lives” -GEN 41 39 v53h 0 there is none so discerning “no one else is as capable in making decisions.” See how you translated “discerning” in [Genesis 41:33](../41/33.md). -GEN 41 40 ej2d figs-metonymy 0 You will be over my house Here “house” stands for Pharaoh’s palace and the people in the palace. The phrase “will be over” means Joseph will have authority over. Alternate translation: “You will be in charge of everyone in my palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 41 40 f76b figs-activepassive 0 according to your word will all my people be ruled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will rule over my people and they will do what you command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 41 40 v1tq 0 Only in the throne Here “throne” stands for Pharaoh’s rule as king. Alternate translation: “Only in my role as king” -GEN 41 41 r2t9 0 See, I have put you The word “See” adds emphasis to what Pharaoh says next. Alternate translation: “Look, I have put you” -GEN 41 41 vl42 figs-idiom 0 I have put you over all the land of Egypt The phrase “put you over” means to give authority. Here “land” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 42 f9g4 translate-symaction 0 Pharaoh took off his signet ring…gold chain on his neck All of these actions symbolize that Pharaoh is giving Joseph the authority to do everything that Joseph planned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 41 42 i15i 0 signet ring This ring had Pharaoh’s seal engraved on it. This gave Joseph the authority and money needed to carry out his plans. -GEN 41 42 vl94 0 clothes of fine linen “Linen” here is a smooth, strong cloth made from the blue-flowered flax plant. -GEN 41 43 i4am translate-symaction 0 He had him ride in the second chariot which he possessed This act makes clear to the people that Joseph is second only to Pharaoh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 41 43 u4gp translate-symaction 0 Bend the knee “Bow down and honor Joseph.” To bend the knee and bow down was a sign of honor and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 41 43 wmr4 figs-idiom 0 Pharaoh put him over all the land The phrase “put you over” means to give authority. Here “land” refers to the people. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:41](../41/41.md). Alternate translation: “I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 44 v9ec 0 I am Pharaoh, and apart from you Pharaoh is emphasizing his authority. Alternate translation: “As Pharaoh, I command that apart from you” -GEN 41 44 els8 figs-metonymy 0 apart from you, no man will lift his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt Here “hand” and “foot” stand for a person’s actions. Alternate translation: “no person in Egypt will do anything without your permission” or “every person in Egypt must ask your permission before they do anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 44 y8gj figs-gendernotations 0 no man Here “man” refers to any person in general, whether male or female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) -GEN 41 45 wx8j translate-names 0 Zaphenath-Paneah Translators may add the following footnote: The name Zaphenath-Paneah means “a revealer of secrets.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 45 c92a translate-symaction 0 He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, as a wife Priests in Egypt were the highest and most privileged caste. This marriage signifies Joseph’s place of honor and privilege. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 41 45 g53x translate-names 0 gave him Asenath “Asenath” is the name of the woman whom Pharaoh gave to Joseph as his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 45 j862 translate-names 0 daughter of Potiphera “Potiphera” is the father of Asenath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 45 fhe9 translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 45 rx5u 0 Joseph went out over the land of Egypt Joseph traveled over the land to supervise the preparations for the coming drought. -GEN 41 46 u8rk translate-numbers 0 thirty years old “30 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 41 46 iwd6 figs-metonymy 0 when he stood before Pharaoh Here “stood before” stands for Joseph starting to serve Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “when he started to serve Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 46 x22j 0 went throughout all the land of Egypt Joseph is inspecting the country as he prepares to carry out his plans. -GEN 41 47 l6p5 0 In the seven bountiful years “During the seven good years” -GEN 41 47 ye1w 0 the land produced abundantly “the land produced big harvests” -GEN 41 48 m4bl figs-synecdoche 0 He gathered up…He put Here “He” stands for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph ordered his servants to gather…They put” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 41 49 yr1c figs-metaphor 0 Joseph stored up grain like the sand of the sea This compares the grain to the sand of sea to emphasize its great quantity. Alternate translation: “The grain that Joseph stored was as plentiful as the sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 49 l1uq figs-synecdoche 0 Joseph stored up…he stopped Here “Joseph” and “he” stand for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph had his servants store up…they stopped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 41 50 r3fd figs-metaphor 0 before the years of famine came This speaks about years as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “before the seven years of the famine began” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 41 50 ut7u translate-names 0 Asenath a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 50 k2hl translate-names 0 daughter of Potiphera “Potiphera” is the father of Asenath. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 50 yb1j translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 41 51 d3cd 0 Manasseh Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Manasseh’ means ‘to cause to forget.’” -GEN 41 51 b4g6 0 father’s household This refers to Joseph’s father Jacob and his family. -GEN 41 52 js3c 0 Ephraim Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Ephraim’ means ‘to be fruitful’ or ‘to have children.’” -GEN 41 52 l6jr figs-idiom 0 made me fruitful Here “fruitful” means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 41 52 nz8y figs-abstractnouns 0 in the land of my affliction The abstract noun “affliction” can be stated as “I have suffered.” Alternate translation: “in this land where I have suffered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 41 54 z4db 0 in all lands In all the surrounding nations beyond Egypt, including the land of Canaan. -GEN 41 54 ixd6 figs-explicit 0 but in all the land of Egypt there was food It is implied that there was food because of Joseph commanded his people to store food during the seven good years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 41 55 c2ia figs-metonymy 0 When all the land of Egypt was famished Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “When all the Egyptians were starving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 56 qr6m figs-idiom 0 The famine was over all the face of the whole land The word “face” refers to the surface of the land. Alternate translation: “The famine had spread throughout the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 41 56 fa43 figs-synecdoche 0 Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold to the Egyptians Here “Joseph” stands for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph had his servants open all the storehouses and sell grain to the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 41 57 t13u figs-metonymy 0 All the earth was coming to Egypt Here “earth” stands for the people from all regions. Alternate translation: “People were coming to Egypt from all the surrounding regions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 41 57 ci2w 0 in all the earth “throughout the land.” It is likely that all the different trading partners and nations that were part of the Egyptian trading routes effected by the drought came to Egypt for grain. -GEN 42 intro c5l2 0 # Genesis 42 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Famine
Apparently this famine extended beyond Egypt and encompassed the land of Canaan too. Because of Egypt’s size and power, it would not have been unusual for people to go there in times of need. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Joseph’s test
Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. -GEN 42 1 c5d3 writing-newevent 0 Now Jacob became The word “Now” marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 42 1 p1y2 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you look at one another? Jacob uses a question to scold his sons for not doing anything about the grain. Alternate translation: “Do not just sit here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 42 2 h23z 0 Go down there It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going “down.” -GEN 42 3 vr9m 0 went down It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going “down.” -GEN 42 3 i5iq figs-metonymy 0 from Egypt Here “Egypt” refers to the people selling grain. Alternate translation: “from those selling grain in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 42 4 rt23 figs-explicit 0 Jacob did not send Benjamin, Joseph’s brother, with his brothers Benjamin and Joseph had the same father and mother; their mother was different from the mothers of the other brothers. Jacob did not want to risk sending Rachel’s last son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 5 p382 figs-go 0 The sons of Israel came to buy among those who came The word “came” can be translated as “went.” Also, the words “grain” and “Egypt” are understood. Alternate translation: “The sons of Israel went to by grain along with other people who went to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 42 6 e78a writing-background 0 Now Joseph “Now” marks a change from the story to background information about Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 42 6 xw5p figs-explicit 0 over the land Here “land” refers to Egypt. Alternate translation: “over Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 6 cck6 figs-explicit 0 all the people of the land Here “land” includes Egypt and other surrounding countries. Alternate translation: “all the people of all the nations that came to buy grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 6 bdb9 figs-go 0 Joseph’s brothers came Here “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 42 6 s5ws translate-symaction 0 bowed down to him with their faces to the ground This is a way of showing respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 42 7 nq51 0 Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them “When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them” -GEN 42 7 cu87 0 he disguised himself to them “he acted like he was not their brother” or “he did not let them know that he was their brother” -GEN 42 7 n3p8 0 Where have you come from? This was not a rhetorical question even though Joseph knew the answer. It was part of his choice to keep his identity from his brothers. -GEN 42 9 dv8w 0 You are spies Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help another country. -GEN 42 9 y5kw figs-explicit 0 You have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “You have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 10 l89u 0 my master This is a way to refer to someone to honor them. -GEN 42 10 e1z7 figs-123person 0 Your servants have The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “We, your servants, have” or “We have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 42 12 i9sn 0 He said to them “Joseph said to his brothers” -GEN 42 12 ca6s figs-explicit 0 No, you have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “No, you have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 13 vj1h translate-numbers 0 twelve brothers “12 brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 42 13 wv8h 0 See, the youngest “Listen to us, the youngest.” The word “See” is used to emphasize what they say next. -GEN 42 13 g7cm 0 the youngest is this day with our father “right now our youngest brother is with our father” -GEN 42 14 ff9z 0 It is what I said to you; you are spies “like I already said, you are spies.” See how you translated “spies” in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). -GEN 42 15 iq1v figs-activepassive 0 By this you will be tested This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This is how I will test you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 15 j3zj 0 By the life of Pharaoh This phrase indicates a solemn oath. Alternate translation: “I swear by the life of Pharaoh” -GEN 42 16 dz9i 0 Send one of yourselves and let him get your brother “Choose one of you to go get your brother” -GEN 42 16 fxw4 0 You will remain in prison “The rest of you will remain in prison” -GEN 42 16 dnr5 figs-activepassive 0 that your words may be tested, whether there is truth in you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that I may find out if you are telling the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 17 fat5 0 in custody “in prison” -GEN 42 18 qus3 translate-ordinal 0 on the third day The word “third” is an ordinal number. Alternate translation: “after the second day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) -GEN 42 18 gh5e figs-ellipsis 0 Do this and live The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If you will do what I say, I will let you live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 42 18 h8lm 0 fear God This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. -GEN 42 19 r62p figs-activepassive 0 let one of your brothers be confined in this prison This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “leave one of your brothers here in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 19 s1pk figs-you 0 but you go Here “you” is plural and refers to all the brothers that will not stay in prison. Alternate translation: “but the rest of you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 42 19 f5t4 figs-metonymy 0 carry grain for the famine of your houses Here “houses” stands for families. Alternate translation: “carry grain home to help your family during this famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 42 20 r5ua figs-activepassive 0 so your words will be verified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so I may know what you say is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 20 p88a figs-explicit 0 you will not die This implies that Joseph would have his soldiers execute the brothers if he finds out they are spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 21 s33g figs-synecdoche 0 in that we saw the distress of his soul The word “soul” stands for Joseph. Alternate translation: “because we saw how distressed Joseph was” or “because we saw that Joseph was suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 42 21 hc4a figs-abstractnouns 0 Therefore this distress has come upon us The abstract noun “distress” can be stated as the verb “suffering.” Alternate translation: “That is why we are suffering like this now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 42 22 brj8 figs-rquestion 0 Did I not tell you, ‘Do not sin against the boy,’ but you would not listen? Reuben uses a question to scold his brothers. Alternate translation: “I told you not to hurt the boy, but you would not listen!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 42 22 n5z3 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Did I not tell you, ‘Do not sin against the boy,’ but This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Did I not tell you not to sin against the boy, but” or “I told you not to harm the boy, but” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 42 22 eap3 0 Now, see Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but both “Now” and “see” are used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 42 22 pn25 figs-metonymy 0 his blood is required of us Here “blood” stands for Joseph’s death. His brothers thought Joseph was dead. The phrase “is required of us” means they must be punished for what they did. Alternate translation: “we are getting what we deserve for his death” or “we are suffering for having killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 42 23 lqt2 writing-background 0 They did not know…an interpreter between them This shifts from the main story line to background information that explains why the brothers thought Joseph could not understand them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 42 23 p4pm 0 an interpreter An “interpreter” is someone who translates what one person says into another language. Joseph placed an interpreter between himself and his brothers to make it seem like he did not speak their language. -GEN 42 24 ciy7 figs-explicit 0 He turned from them and wept It is implied that Joseph wept because he was emotional after hearing what his brothers said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 24 wf1i figs-explicit 0 spoke to them Joseph was still speaking a different language and using the interpreter to speak to his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 24 w4b7 figs-synecdoche 0 bound him before their eyes Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “bound him in their sight” or “bound him as they watched” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 42 25 y2fl 0 to give them provisions “to give them the supplies they needed” -GEN 42 25 bf12 figs-activepassive 0 It was done for them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The servants did for them everything that Joseph commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 27 gcn4 0 As one of them opened his sack to give his donkey feed in the lodging place, he saw his money. Behold, it was in the opening of his sack “When they stopped at a place for the night, one of the brothers opened his sack to get food for his donkey. In the sack he saw his money!” -GEN 42 27 w3t1 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -GEN 42 28 g184 figs-activepassive 0 My money has been put back This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone has put my money back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 42 28 df3i 0 Look at it “Look in my sack!” -GEN 42 28 b9ha figs-metaphor 0 Their hearts sank To become afraid is spoken of as if their heart were sinking. Here “hearts” stands for courage. Alternate translation: “They became very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 42 30 q8iz 0 lord of the land “the lord of Egypt” -GEN 42 30 d1km 0 spoke roughly “spoke harshly” -GEN 42 30 zie5 0 we were spies Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help another country. See how you translated “spies” in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). -GEN 42 31 i7g6 figs-quotesinquotes 0 We said to him, ‘We are honest men. We are not spies. This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “We told him that we are honest men and not spies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 42 32 e88f figs-quotesinquotes 0 We are twelve brothers, sons of our father. One is no longer alive…land of Canaan.’ The quotation within a quotation that began with the words “We said to him, ‘We are honest men…not spies. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “We told him that we are honest men…not spies. We said that we are twelve brothers, sons of our father, and that one brother is no longer alive…land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 42 32 xh3d figs-ellipsis 0 One is no longer alive The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “One brother is no longer alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 42 32 e6lq figs-ellipsis 0 the youngest is this day with our father The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “the youngest brother is with our father right now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 42 33 fu6f 0 the lord of the land “The lord of Egypt” -GEN 42 33 a8kj figs-metonymy 0 take grain for the famine in your houses Here “houses” stands for “family.” Alternate translation: “take grain to help your family during the famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 42 33 gg5l 0 go your way “go home” or “leave” -GEN 42 34 ny2q 0 you will trade in the land “I will allow you to buy and sell in this land” -GEN 42 35 fhb9 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 42 35 nu84 0 behold, every “they were surprised because every” -GEN 42 36 y5x1 0 You have bereaved me of my children “you have deprived me of my children” or “you have caused me to lose two of my children” -GEN 42 36 h9h6 0 All these things are against me “all these things hurt me” -GEN 42 37 a4d7 figs-metaphor 0 Put him in my hands This is a request for Reuben to take Benjamin with him and to care for him on the journey. Alternate translation: “Put me in charge of him” or “Let me take care of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 42 38 j7bu 0 My son will not go down with you It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “My son, Benjamin, will not go with you to Egypt” -GEN 42 38 gb7z figs-you 0 with you Here “you” is plural and refers to Jacob’s older sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 42 38 vm4r figs-explicit 0 For his brother is dead and he alone is left The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “For my wife, Rachel, only had two children. Joseph is dead and Benjamin is the only one left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 42 38 jj7h 0 on the road in which you go “while you a traveling to Egypt and back” or “while you are away.” Here “road” stands for traveling. -GEN 42 38 mk1r figs-idiom 0 then you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “then you will cause me, an old man, to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 42 38 b5eg figs-synecdoche 0 my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “me, an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 intro b7av 0 # Genesis 43 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Israel’s concern
Israel is concerned over his favored son, Benjamin. He is also confused about the reason the Egyptian official treated them so kindly. This caused him some concern. It is possible he thought his sons were lying to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) -GEN 43 1 l7ym figs-ellipsis 0 The famine was severe in the land The word “Canaan” is understood. This information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The famine was severe in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 43 2 af37 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 43 2 j2pr 0 when they had eaten “when Jacob and his family had eaten” -GEN 43 2 y9y8 0 they had brought “Jacob’s older sons had brought” -GEN 43 2 cwa3 figs-exclusive 0 buy us Here “us” refers to Jacob, his sons, and the rest of the family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 3 a11c 0 Judah told him “Judah told his father Jacob” -GEN 43 3 xp8m 0 The man This refers to Joseph, but the brothers did not know it was Joseph. They referred to him as “the man” or “the man, the lord of the land” as in [Genesis 42:30](../42/30.md). -GEN 43 3 t3f5 figs-quotesinquotes 0 warned us, ‘You will not see my face unless your brother is with you.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “warned us that we would not see his face unless we brought our youngest brother with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 43 3 w1ix 0 solemnly warned us “was very serious when he warned us, saying” -GEN 43 3 jb64 figs-synecdoche 0 You will not see my face Judah uses this phrase twice in 43:3-5 to emphasize to his father that they cannot return to Egypt without Benjamin. The phrase “my face” refers to the man, who is Joseph. Alternate translation: “You will not see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 3 enw5 0 your brother is with you Judah is referring to Benjamin, Rachel’s last born before she died. -GEN 43 5 db22 0 we will not go down It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 6 e9fz 0 Why did you treat me so badly “Why did you cause me so much trouble” -GEN 43 7 q6ea 0 The man asked details “The man asked many questions” -GEN 43 7 x1z8 figs-exclusive 0 about us Here “us” is exclusive and refers to the brothers who went to Egypt and spoke with “the man.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 7 c5sn figs-quotesinquotes 0 He said, ‘Is your father still alive? Do you have another brother?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “He asked us directly if our father was still alive and if we had another brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 43 7 g7db 0 We answered him according to these questions “We answered the questions he asked us” -GEN 43 7 j654 figs-rquestion 0 How could we have known that he would say…down? The sons use a question emphasize that the did not know what the man would tell them to do. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We did not know he would say…down!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 43 7 wzh2 figs-quotesinquotes 0 he would say, ‘Bring your brother down?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “he would tell us to bring our brother down to Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 43 7 v3xy 0 Bring your brother down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 8 l94l figs-parallelism 0 We will rise and go that we may live and not die, both we, you, and also our children The phrases “we may live” and “not die” mean the same thing. Judah is emphasizing that they have to buy food in Egypt in order to survive. Alternate translation: “We will go now to Egypt and get grain so our whole family will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 43 8 mh3d figs-exclusive 0 We will rise Here “We” refers to the brothers who will travel to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 8 k6f4 figs-exclusive 0 we may live Here “we” refers to the brothers, Israel, and the whole family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 8 cpz3 figs-exclusive 0 both we Here “we” refers to the brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 8 uy53 figs-you 0 we, you Here “you” is singular and refers to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 43 8 tl69 figs-exclusive 0 also our children Here “our” refers to the brothers. This refers to the small children who were most likely to die during a famine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 43 9 y9c3 figs-abstractnouns 0 I will be a guarantee for him The abstract noun “guarantee” can be stated as the verb “promise.” Alternate translation: “I will promise to bring him back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 43 9 c8cl figs-explicit 0 You will hold me responsible How Jacob will hold Judah responsible can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You will make me answer to you about what happens to Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 43 9 bru3 figs-metaphor 0 let me bear the blame This speaks about “blame” as if it were an object that a person has to carry. Alternate translation: “you may blame me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 43 10 c1nb figs-hypo 0 For if we had not delayed Judah is describing something that could have happened in the past but did not. Judah is scolding his father for waiting so long to send his sons to Egypt to get more food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 43 10 gig8 0 we would have come back here a second time “we would have returned twice” -GEN 43 11 qd28 0 If it be so, now do this “If this is our only choice, then do it” -GEN 43 11 vqb7 0 Carry down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 11 dp26 0 balm an oily substance with a sweet smell used for healing and protecting skin. See how you translated this word in [Genesis 37:25](../37/25.md). Alternate translation: “medicine” -GEN 43 11 a7it 0 spices seasonings. See how you translated these words in [Genesis 37:25](../37/25.md). -GEN 43 11 qbj2 translate-unknown 0 pistachio nuts small, green tree nuts (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 43 11 d1a7 translate-unknown 0 almonds tree nuts with a sweet flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) -GEN 43 12 vd8z figs-synecdoche 0 Take double money in your hand Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Take double the money with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 12 wm87 figs-synecdoche 0 The money that was returned in the opening of your sacks, carry again in your hand Here “hand” stands for the whole person. The phrase “that was returned” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “take back to Egypt the money someone put in your sacks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 43 13 xn4a 0 Take also your brother “Take also Benjamin” -GEN 43 13 l12h 0 go again “return” -GEN 43 14 e786 figs-abstractnouns 0 May God Almighty give you mercy before the man The abstract noun “mercy” can be stated as the adjective “kind.” Alternate translation: “May God Almighty cause the man to be kind to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 43 14 vf2h 0 your other brother “Simeon” -GEN 43 14 u7v1 0 If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved “If I lose my children, then I lose my children.” This means that Jacob knows he must accept whatever happens to his sons. -GEN 43 15 f3ts figs-synecdoche 0 in their hand they took Here “hand” refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “they took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 15 xlh5 0 went down to Egypt It was common to use the phrase “went down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 16 ld98 0 Benjamin with them “Benjamin with Joseph’s older brothers” -GEN 43 16 w4n3 0 the steward of his house The “steward” was responsible for managing Joseph’s household activities. -GEN 43 17 cfq1 figs-go 0 He brought the men Here “brought” can be translated as “took.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 43 17 wk2w 0 to Joseph’s house “into Joseph’s house” -GEN 43 18 ft1a 0 The men were afraid “Joseph’s brothers were afraid” -GEN 43 18 rw47 figs-activepassive 0 they were brought to Joseph’s house This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they were going into Joseph’s house” or “the steward was taking them into Joseph’s house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 43 18 rx9m figs-activepassive 0 It is because of the money that was returned in our sacks the first time we were brought in This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The steward is bringing us into the house because of the money that someone put back in our sacks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 43 18 tl4h 0 that he may seek an opportunity against us. He might arrest us This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “He is waiting for the opportunity to accuse us, so that he might arrest us” -GEN 43 20 pmz6 0 we came down It is common to use the phrase “came down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 21 y72v 0 Connecting Statement: The brothers continue speaking to the steward of the house. -GEN 43 21 e2g8 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 43 21 pjc8 0 when we reached the lodging place “when we came to the place that we were going to stay for the night” -GEN 43 21 nc2k 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that the brothers were surprised by what they saw. -GEN 43 21 hf98 0 every man’s money was in the opening of his sack, our money in full weight “each one of us found the full amount of his money in his sack” -GEN 43 21 be34 figs-synecdoche 0 We have brought it back in our hands Here “hands” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “We have brought the money back with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 22 nd43 figs-synecdoche 0 Other money we have also brought down in our hand to buy food Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “We have also brought more money to buy food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 22 q64s 0 brought down It common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 43 23 g7nj figs-abstractnouns 0 Peace be to you The abstract noun “Peace” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Relax” or “Calm yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 43 23 y651 0 Your God and the God of your father The stewards is not speaking about two different Gods. Alternate translation: “Your God, the God your father worships” -GEN 43 24 wwj3 figs-explicit 0 washed their feet This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long distances. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 43 24 q981 0 feed to their donkeys “Feed” is dry food that is set aside for animals -GEN 43 26 jf2d figs-synecdoche 0 they brought the gifts which were in their hand Here “hand” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “the brothers brought the gifts they had with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 26 a4p7 translate-symaction 0 bowed down before him This is a way of showing honor and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 43 28 uc51 0 Your servant our father They refer to their father as “Your servant” to show respect. Alternate translation: “Our father who serves you” -GEN 43 28 lk7k translate-symaction 0 They prostrated themselves and bowed down These words basically mean the same thing. They laid down in front of the man to show him respect. Alternate translation: “They bowed down in front of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 43 29 ca4h figs-idiom 0 he lifted up his eyes This means “he looked up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 43 29 vr6v 0 his mother’s son, and he said This can be translated with a new sentence. Alternate translation: “his mother’s son. Joseph said” -GEN 43 29 j5nt figs-rquestion 0 Is this your youngest brother…me? Possible meanings are (1) Joseph is truly asking a question to confirm that this man is Benjamin, or (2) it is a rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “So this is your youngest brother…me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 43 29 en2a 0 my son This is a friendly way one man speaks to another man of lower rank. Alternate translation: “young man” -GEN 43 30 w15d 0 hurried to go out of the room “hurried out of the room” -GEN 43 30 ttv5 figs-idiom 0 for he was deeply moved about his brother The phrase “deeply moved” refers to having a strong feeling or emotion when something important happens. Alternate translation: “for he had strong feelings of compassion for his brother” or “for he had strong feelings of affection for his brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 43 31 s76h figs-explicit 0 saying It can be made explicit to whom Joseph is speaking. Alternate translation: “and said to his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 43 31 jr7a 0 Serve the food This means to distribute the food so that people may eat. -GEN 43 32 dj49 0 The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves. The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves This means that Joseph, the brothers, and the other Egyptians are eating in three different places within the same room. Alternate translation: “The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves and the Egyptians, who were eating with him, by themselves” -GEN 43 32 k54i 0 The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves These are probably other Egyptian officials who ate with Joseph, but they still sat separately from him and the Hebrew brothers. -GEN 43 32 bz5r 0 because the Egyptians could not eat bread with the Hebrews, for that is detestable to the Egyptians This can be translated as a new sentence: “They did this because the Egyptians thought it was shameful to eat with the Hebrews” -GEN 43 32 dn35 figs-synecdoche 0 could not eat bread Here “bread” stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 43 33 uk7w figs-explicit 0 The brothers sat before him It is implied that Joseph had arranged where each brother would sit. You can make clear the implied information. Alternate translation: “The brothers sat across from the man, according to how he arranged their places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 43 33 v5sa figs-merism 0 the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth The “firstborn” and the “youngest” are used together to mean all the brothers were sitting in order according to their age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) -GEN 43 33 c4tk 0 The men were astonished together “The men were very surprised when they realized this” -GEN 43 34 nus6 0 But Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as any of his brothers The phrase “five times” can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “But Benjamin received a portion that was much bigger than what his brothers received” -GEN 44 intro r27n 0 # Genesis 44 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Judah’s sacrifice
Judah is willing to sacrifice himself in order to save Benjamin, the favored son of Jacob. Judah’s descendants will become the leaders of the Israelites and the godliest of the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Joseph’s test

Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]]) -GEN 44 1 bf9w 0 General Information: This begins a new event in the story. Most likely this is the next morning after the feast. -GEN 44 1 nsj3 0 steward of his house The “steward” was responsible for managing Joseph’s household activities. -GEN 44 1 md4j 0 every man’s money Their money was silver coins most likely in a small bag. -GEN 44 1 bx7r 0 in his sack’s opening “in his sack” -GEN 44 2 pgt5 0 Put my cup, the silver cup “Put my silver cup” -GEN 44 2 in3i figs-ellipsis 0 in the sack’s opening of the youngest The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “in the youngest brother’s sack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 44 3 d7pr 0 The morning dawned “The morning light shown” -GEN 44 3 cwc8 figs-activepassive 0 the men were sent away, they and their donkeys This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they sent the men away, along with their donkeys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 4 d17q figs-rquestion 0 Why have you returned evil for good? This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: “You have treated us badly, after we were good to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 5 kx3l figs-rquestion 0 Is this not the cup from which my master drinks, and the cup that he uses for divination? This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: “You already know that this is the cup that my master uses for drinking and for fortune telling!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 5 am17 figs-parallelism 0 You have done evil, this thing that you have done This repeats “you have done” for emphasis. Alternate translation: “What you have done is very evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 44 6 rt6m 0 spoke these words to them “spoke what Joseph told him to say” -GEN 44 7 cd44 figs-metonymy 0 Why does my master speak such words as these? Here “words” stands for what was said. The brothers refer to the steward as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “Why are you saying this, my master?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 7 zls8 figs-123person 0 Far be it from your servants that they would do such a thing. The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants” and “they.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “We would never do such a thing!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 7 uhb8 figs-metaphor 0 Far be it from your servants Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object that person wants to put very far from himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 8 mb88 0 Look, the money “Listen to what we are about to say and you will see that we are speaking the truth: the money” -GEN 44 8 z4pq 0 the money that we found in our sacks’ openings “you know the money that we found in our sacks” -GEN 44 8 cwc6 0 we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan “we brought back to you from Canaan” -GEN 44 8 zeg7 figs-rquestion 0 How then could we steal out of your master’s house silver or gold? The brothers use a question to emphasize that they would not steal from the lord of Egypt. Alternate translation: “So we would never take anything from your master’s house!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 8 pbw8 0 silver or gold These words are used together to mean that they would not steal anything of any value. -GEN 44 9 kpk1 figs-123person 0 With whomever of your servants it is found The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the first person. Also, “it is found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find that one of us has stolen the cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 9 g5cd figs-123person 0 we also will be my master’s slaves The phrase “my master” refers to the steward. This can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “you may take us as your slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 10 a2vd 0 Now also let it be according to your words “Very well. I will do what you said.” Here “now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 44 10 abw2 figs-activepassive 0 He with whom the cup is found will be my slave This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If I find the cup in one of your sacks, that person will be my slave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 11 kv7v 0 brought his sack down “lowered his sack” -GEN 44 12 hf7m figs-ellipsis 0 the oldest…the youngest The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “the oldest brother…the youngest brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 44 12 b5xm figs-activepassive 0 youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack This can be translated as a new sentence and in active form. Alternate translation: “youngest. The steward found the cup in Benjamin’s sack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 13 v8rl translate-symaction 0 Then they tore their clothes The word “they” refers to the brothers. Tearing clothes was a sign of great distress and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 44 13 mp1k 0 donkey and returned “donkey, and they returned” -GEN 44 14 hjg6 0 He was still there “Joseph was still there” -GEN 44 14 ywn1 translate-symaction 0 they bowed before him “they fell before him.” This is a sign of the brothers wanting the lord to be merciful to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 44 15 v25g figs-rquestion 0 Do you not know that a man like me practices divination? Joseph uses a question to scold his brothers. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that a man like me can learn things by magic!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 16 gj3i figs-parallelism 0 What can we say to my master? What can we speak? Or how can we justify ourselves? All 3 questions mean basically the same thing. They use these questions to emphasize that there is nothing they can say to explain what happened. Alternate translation: “We have nothing to say, my master. We cannot speak anything of value. We cannot justify ourselves.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 16 hvc6 figs-123person 0 What can we say to my master…my master’s slaves Here “my master” refers to Joseph. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “What can we say to you…your slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 16 uek8 0 God has found out the iniquity of your servants Here “found out” does not mean God just found out what the brothers did. It means God is now punishing them for what they did. Alternate translation: “God is punishing us for our past sins” -GEN 44 16 bb9u figs-123person 0 the iniquity of your servants The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “our iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 16 ga33 figs-synecdoche 0 he also in whose hand the cup was found Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Also, “was found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one who had your cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 17 m8l3 figs-metaphor 0 Far be it from me that I should do so Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object the person wants put far away from him. Alternate translation: “It is not like me to do something like that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 17 v7cp figs-synecdoche 0 The man in whose hand the cup was found Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Also, “was found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The man who had my cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 18 fj99 0 came near to “approached” -GEN 44 18 s63z figs-123person 0 let your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “let me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 18 px7g figs-synecdoche 0 speak a word in my master’s ears The word “ear” is a synecdoche that stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “speak to you, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 44 18 jg84 figs-123person 0 in my master’s ears Here “my master” refers to Joseph. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 18 awr9 figs-metaphor 0 do not let your anger burn against your servant Being angry is spoke of as if it were a burning fire. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 18 na6r figs-explicit 0 for you are just like Pharaoh Judah compares the master to Pharaoh to emphasize the great power that the master has. He is also implying that he does want the master to become angry and execute him. Alternate translation: “for you are as powerful as Pharaoh and could have your soldiers kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 44 19 hz8e figs-quotesinquotes 0 My master asked his servants, saying, ‘Do you have a father or a brother?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “My master asked us if we have a father or a brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 19 ky6j figs-123person 0 My master asked his servants Judah refers to Joseph with the words “my master” and “his.” He also refers to himself and his brothers as “his servants.” Alternate translation: “You, my master, asked us, your servants” or “You asked us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 20 rzw2 0 General Information: Judah continues to speak before Joseph -GEN 44 20 xks4 figs-quotesinquotes 0 We said to my master, ‘We have a father…his father loves him.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “And we said to my master that we have a father…his father loves him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 20 k9ph 0 his father loves him This refers to love for a friend or family member. -GEN 44 21 g2ys figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me that I may see him.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “And you said to your servants that we should bring our youngest brother to you so that you may see him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 21 w231 figs-123person 0 Then you said to your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” Alternate translation: “Then you said to us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 21 n4pn figs-explicit 0 Bring him down to me It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “Bring him to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 44 22 t6fz figs-123person 0 we said to my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “we said to you, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 22 bt2u figs-quotesinquotes 0 After that, we said to my master, ‘The boy cannot…father would die.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “In response, we said to my master that the boy cannot…father would die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 22 jbh3 figs-explicit 0 his father would die It is implied that their father would die from sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 44 23 s5na 0 General Information: Judah continues his story to Joseph -GEN 44 23 i4ft figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you said to your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will not see my face again.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then you said to your servants that unless our youngest brother comes with us, we would not see you again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 23 evq7 figs-123person 0 Then you said to your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “Then you said to us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 23 vsx5 0 comes down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 44 23 tkh6 figs-synecdoche 0 you will not see my face again Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will not see me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 44 24 yg64 writing-newevent 0 Then it came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 44 24 sjv1 0 we went up to your servant my father It was common to use the phrase “went up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 44 24 j6ab figs-123person 0 we told him the words of my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” Alternate translation: “we told him what you said, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 25 r9xc figs-quotesinquotes 0 Our father said, ‘Go again, buy us some food.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Our father told us to go again to Egypt to buy food for us and our families.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 26 xf8c 0 go down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 44 26 uuv6 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then we said, ‘We cannot go down. If our youngest brother…is with us.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then we said to him that we cannot go down to Egypt. We told him that if our youngest brother is with us…is with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 26 ka8m figs-synecdoche 0 to see the man’s face Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “to see the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 44 27 uzr7 0 General Information: Judah continues his story to Joseph. -GEN 44 27 tq3g 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a three-level quote. -GEN 44 27 pq3n figs-exclusive 0 said to us Here “us” does not include Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -GEN 44 27 k115 figs-you 0 You know Here “You” is plural and refers to the brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 44 28 eym1 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quote that began in verse 27 continues. -GEN 44 28 uw3g figs-activepassive 0 he is torn in pieces This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a wild animal has torn him to pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 44 29 vv4v 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quote that began in verse 27 ends here. -GEN 44 29 c679 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Now if you also take this one from me, and harm comes to him, you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol The three-level quote that began with the words “Your servant…said to us, ‘You know…two sons” in verse 27 and continued with the words “and I said, ‘Surely…since” in verse 28 ends here. You may need to change one or more of these levels to indirect quotes. “This is what your servant my father said to us: ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons. One of them went out from me and I said that surely he had been torn in pieces, and I have not seen him since. Now if you also take this one from me, and harm comes to him, you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol.’” or “Your servant my father told us that we knew that his wife had borne him two sons. One of them went out from him, and he said that surely that son had been torn in pieces, and he has not seen him since. He then said that if we also took this one from him, and harm came to him, we would bring down his gray hair with sorrow to Sheol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 44 29 lty3 figs-metaphor 0 harm comes to him Something bad happening to a person is spoken of as if “harm” were something that travels and comes to a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 29 vh67 figs-idiom 0 you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed Sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “then you will cause me, an old man, to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 44 29 ka8u figs-synecdoche 0 my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “me, an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 44 30 g959 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 44 30 u459 figs-hypo 0 therefore, when I come Judah begins to describe to Joseph a realistic but hypothetical case of what he will expect will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 44 30 xk9l 0 when I come to your servant Here “come” can be translated as “go” or “return.” -GEN 44 30 l7ey 0 the lad is not with us “the boy is not with us” -GEN 44 30 ap7n figs-metaphor 0 since his life is bound up in the boy’s life The father saying he would die if his son died is spoken of as if their two lives were physically bound together. Alternate translation: “since he said he would die if the boy did not come back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 31 l65e 0 Connecting Statement: Judah finishes describing to Joseph the realistic but hypothetical case that began with the words “therefore, when I come” in verse 30. -GEN 44 31 w4hu figs-hypo 0 sorrow to Sheol Judah finishes describing to Joseph the realistic but hypothetical case that began with the words “therefore, when I come” in verse 30. This is what he expects will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 44 31 um5q figs-hypo 0 it will come about Judah is speaking about a hypothetical case in the future as if it would certainly happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) -GEN 44 31 nfb5 figs-idiom 0 Your servants will bring down the gray hair of your servant our father with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed Sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “And we will have caused our old father to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 44 31 kn4x figs-123person 0 Your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “And we, your servants” or “And we” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 31 sx7q figs-synecdoche 0 the gray hair of your servant our father Here “gray hair” stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “our old father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 44 32 j35u figs-abstractnouns 0 For your servant became a guarantee for the boy to my father The abstract noun “guarantee” can be stated with the verb “promised.” Alternate translation: “For I promised my father concerning the boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 44 32 uz64 figs-123person 0 For your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “For I, your servant” or “For I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 32 ks1n figs-metaphor 0 then I will bear the guilt to my father Being considered guilty is spoken of as if “guilt” were something that a person carries. Alternate translation: “then my father may blame me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 44 33 liw2 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 44 33 u7sg figs-123person 0 let your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “let me, your servant” or “let me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 33 vk2u figs-123person 0 to my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” Alternate translation: “to you, my master” or “to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 44 33 utg6 0 let the boy go up It was going to use the phrase “go up” when speaking about traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 44 34 p2qk figs-rquestion 0 For how can I go up to my father if the boy is not with me? Judah uses a question to emphasize the grief he would have if Benjamin did not return home. Alternate translation: “I cannot return to my father if the boy is not with me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 44 34 v8ma figs-metaphor 0 I am afraid to see the evil that would come on my father A person suffering terribly is spoken of as if “evil” were a thing that comes upon a person. Alternate translation: “I am afraid to see how much my father would suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 45 intro rm1s 0 # Genesis 45 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Joseph finally reveals himself to his brothers in this chapter. This chapter forms the conclusion of the story which began in chapter 43.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) -GEN 45 1 mrg5 0 could not control himself This means he could not control his emotions. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “was about to start crying” -GEN 45 1 rt15 0 by him “near him” -GEN 45 2 f3np figs-metonymy 0 house of Pharaoh Here “house” stands for the people in the Pharaoh’s palace. Alternate translation: “everyone in Pharaoh’s palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 3 kf33 0 shocked in his presence “terrified of him” -GEN 45 4 lxs5 figs-explicit 0 whom you sold into Egypt The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “whom you sold as a slave to the trader who brought me to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 5 v699 0 Do not be grieved “do not be upset” or “do not be distressed” -GEN 45 5 umb9 figs-explicit 0 that you sold me here The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “that you sold me as a slave and sent me here to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 5 ir3i figs-metonymy 0 to preserve life Here “life” stands for the people that Joseph saved from dying during the famine. Alternate translation: “so I could save many lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 6 zig1 figs-metonymy 0 there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvest “there will be five more years without planting or harvesting.” Here “neither plowing nor harvest” stands for the fact that the crops still will not grow because of the famine. Alternate translation: “and the famine will last five more years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 7 jf2m 0 to preserve you as a remnant in the earth “so that you and your families would not completely perish from the earth” or “to make sure your descendants would survive” -GEN 45 7 t199 figs-abstractnouns 0 to keep you alive by a great deliverance The abstract noun “deliverance” can be stated as “rescuing.” Alternate translation: “to keep you alive by rescuing you in a mighty way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 45 8 p1lr figs-metaphor 0 he has made me a father to Pharaoh Joseph advising and helping Pharaoh is spoken of as if Joseph were Pharaoh’s father. Alternate translation: “he has made me a guide to Pharaoh” or “he has made me the chief adviser to Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 45 8 kca3 figs-metonymy 0 of all his house Here “house” stands for the people who live in his palace. Alternate translation: “of all his household” or “of all his palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 8 ca6l figs-metonymy 0 ruler of all the land of Egypt Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “ruler over all the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 8 lzu8 figs-explicit 0 ruler Here Joseph means that he is ruler in second place to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. This understood information can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 9 k6hq 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a three-level quotation. -GEN 45 9 yy9l 0 go up to my father It was common to use the phrase “go up” when speaking about going from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “go back to my father” -GEN 45 9 sv9l 0 Come down to me It was common to use the phrase “come down” when speaking about going from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “Come here to me” -GEN 45 10 k7g4 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began in verse 9 continues here. -GEN 45 11 igl7 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began in verse 9 ends here. -GEN 45 11 y695 0 I will provide…all that you have The three-level quotation that began with the words “say to him” in verse 9 ends here. You may need to reduce the number of levels by making some levels indirect quotes. “say to him that his son Joseph says that God has made him master of all Egypt, so he must go down to Joseph and not delay. He will live in the land of Goshen, and he will be near Joseph, he and his children and his children’s children, and his flocks and his herds, and all that he has. Joseph will provide for him there, for there are still five years of famine, so that he does not come to poverty, him, his household, and all that he has.” or “say to him, ‘Your son Joseph says that God has made him master of all Egypt, so he must go down to Joseph and not delay. He will live in the land of Goshen, and he will be near Joseph, he and his children and his children’s children, and his flocks and his herds, and all that he has. Joseph will provide for him there, for there are still five years of famine, so that he does not come to poverty, him, his household, and all that he has.’” -GEN 45 11 ez8a figs-metaphor 0 come to poverty This speaks about “poverty” as if it were a destination. Alternate translation: “waste away” or “starve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 45 12 xp38 figs-synecdoche 0 your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin The word “eyes” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “All of you and Benjamin can see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 45 12 zli9 figs-synecdoche 0 that it is my mouth that speaks to you The word “mouth” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “that I, Joseph, am speaking to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 45 13 azs1 0 about all my honor in Egypt “how the people in Egypt greatly honor me” -GEN 45 13 s2cn 0 my father down here It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “my father here to me” -GEN 45 14 dzy6 0 He hugged his brother Benjamin’s neck and wept, and Benjamin wept on his neck “Joseph hugged his brother Benjamin, and they both wept” -GEN 45 15 j5kf 0 He kissed all his brothers In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. -GEN 45 15 ups2 0 wept over them This means Joseph was crying while he kissed them. -GEN 45 15 fi2x figs-explicit 0 After that his brothers talked with him Earlier they were too afraid to speak. Now they feel they can speak freely. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “After that his brothers talked freely with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 16 w82u figs-quotesinquotes 0 The news of the matter was told in Pharaoh’s house: “Joseph’s brothers have come.” This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. It may also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone in Pharaoh’s palace heard that Joseph’s brothers had come.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 45 16 m3aj 0 Pharaoh’s house This stands for Pharaoh’s palace. -GEN 45 17 yz9e 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. -GEN 45 18 t6en 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 17 ends here. -GEN 45 18 gql9 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Get your father…fat of the land.’ The two-level quotation that began in verse 17 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Pharaoh told Joseph to tell his brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and go to the land of Canaan. Get your father and your households and come to me. I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and you will eat the fat of the land.’” or “Pharaoh to Joseph to tell his brothers to do this: to load their animals and go to the land of Canaan, and also to get their father and their households and go to him. Pharaoh would give them the good of the land of Egypt, and they would eat the fat of the land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 45 18 dd6i 0 I will give you the good of the land of Egypt “I will give you the best land in Egypt” -GEN 45 18 hwn3 figs-metaphor 0 you will eat the fat of the land The best food that a land produces is spoken of as if it were the fat portion of the land. Alternate translation: “you will eat the best food in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 45 19 sm78 0 General Information: Pharaoh continues to tell Joseph what to tell his brothers. -GEN 45 19 qce4 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. -GEN 45 19 ua9u 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 45 19 t1m6 figs-activepassive 0 you are commanded This can be stated in active form. You may also need to add the words “to tell them,” which the writer left out of this ellipsis. Alternate translation: “I also command you to tell them” or “also tell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 45 19 n72f 0 take carts out “Carts” are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. -GEN 45 20 sdl7 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. -GEN 45 20 v1pm figs-quotesinquotes 0 Do not be concerned about your possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours.’ The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Now you are commanded to tell them to take carts out of the land of Egypt for their children and for their wives, to get their father, and to come. They are not to be concerned about their possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt will be theirs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 45 21 xs2g 0 gave them provisions for the journey “gave them what they needed for traveling” -GEN 45 22 g75s figs-explicit 0 he gave each man changes of clothing Each man received a set of clothes except for Benjamin who received 5 sets of clothes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 22 p9qe translate-numbers 0 three hundred pieces “300 pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 45 23 rt4v figs-explicit 0 ten donkeys…and ten female donkeys The donkeys were included as part of the gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 45 24 idu3 0 do not quarrel Possible meanings include (1) “do not argue” and (2) “do not become afraid” -GEN 45 25 wlf6 0 went up out of Egypt It was common to use the word “up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 45 26 z3lq figs-metonymy 0 he is ruler over all the land of Egypt Here “land of Egypt” stands for the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “he rules all the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 45 26 ry8a figs-synecdoche 0 His heart was astonished Here “heart” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “and he was astonished” or “he was very surprised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 45 26 vye7 0 he could not believe what they told him “he did not accept that what they said was true” -GEN 45 27 mhh3 0 They told him “They told Jacob” -GEN 45 27 sa3u 0 all the words of Joseph that he had said to them “everything that Joseph had said to them” -GEN 45 27 w59p figs-synecdoche 0 the spirit of Jacob their father revived The word “spirit” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Jacob their father recovered” or “Jacob their father became very excited” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 46 intro x4fu 0 # Genesis 46 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Going to Egypt
Yahweh allowed Israel to go to Egypt. He was to trust in Yahweh and his covenant faithfulness. God continued to bless them in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Shepherds

Because of the regular flooding of the Nile River, Egypt’s economy revolved around farming more than raising animals. Therefore, the Egyptians despised the nomadic lifestyle of shepherds. Joseph’s instructions permitted the Hebrew people to live separately from the Egyptians. -GEN 46 1 wwd6 0 went to Beersheba “came to Beersheba” -GEN 46 2 kz9s 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” -GEN 46 3 cmw1 0 to go down to Egypt It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. -GEN 46 3 p7pd figs-you 0 I will make you a great nation The “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob refers to his descendants that will become a large nation. Alternate translation: “I will give you many descendants, and they will become a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 46 4 swu1 0 into Egypt “to Egypt” -GEN 46 4 iy6p figs-you 0 I will surely bring you up again The promise was made to Jacob, but the promise would be fulfilled to all of Israel’s descendants. Alternate translation: “I will surely bring your descendants out of Egypt again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 46 4 fyu6 0 bring you up again It was common to use the word “up” when speaking about traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 46 4 ai3x figs-idiom 0 Joseph will close your eyes with his own hand The phrase “close you eyes with his own hand” is a way of saying that Joseph will be present when Israel dies and it will be Joseph who will close Jacob’s eyelids at the time of his death. Alternate translation: “Joseph will even be present with you at the time of your death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 46 4 tf56 figs-explicit 0 will close your eyes It was a custom to pull down the eyelids when a person died with their eyes open. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 46 5 x9d6 0 rose up from “set out from” -GEN 46 5 ajk2 0 in the carts “Carts” are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. See how you translated “carts” in [Genesis 45:19](../45/19.md). -GEN 46 6 vyr2 0 they had accumulated “they had acquired” or “they had gained” -GEN 46 7 ej4h 0 He brought with him “Jacob brought with him” -GEN 46 7 ebv8 0 his sons’ sons “his grandsons” -GEN 46 7 t8ch 0 his sons’ daughters “his granddaughters” -GEN 46 8 fk8r 0 These were the names This refers to the names of the people that the author is about to list. -GEN 46 8 q7m9 0 of the children of Israel “of Israel’s family members” -GEN 46 9 t2t8 translate-names 0 Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 10 k7n8 translate-names 0 Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 11 w95q translate-names 0 Gershon, Kohath, and Merari These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 12 da1j 0 Er, Onan, Shelah These were the sons of Judah by his wife, Shua. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 38:3-5](../38/03.md). -GEN 46 12 ez5z 0 Perez, and Zerah These were the sons of Judah by his daughter-in-law, Tamar. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 38:29-30](../38/29.md). -GEN 46 12 lq9w translate-names 0 Hezron…Hamul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 13 fpn8 translate-names 0 Tola, Puah, Lob…Shimron These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 14 irx9 translate-names 0 Sered, Elon…Jahleel These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 15 qn3g translate-names 0 Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 30:21](../30/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 15 qz75 translate-numbers 0 His sons and his daughters numbered thirty-three Here “sons” and “daughters” refer to Jacob’s sons, daughters, and grandchildren related to Leah. Alternate translation: “Altogether he had 33 sons, daughters, and grandchildren” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 16 w97z translate-names 0 Zephon, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi…Areli These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 17 zz1x translate-names 0 Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi…Beriah…Heber…Malkiel These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 17 awy7 translate-names 0 Serah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 18 bi7q translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 18 d1ie translate-numbers 0 These sons she bore to Jacob—sixteen in all This refers to 16 children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren that were related to Zilpah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 20 gd14 translate-names 0 Asenath a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 20 au9x translate-names 0 Potiphera a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 20 g9su translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 21 w67p translate-names 0 Bela, Beker, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 22 t8z2 translate-numbers 0 fourteen in all This refers to the 14 sons and grandsons related to Rachel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 23 gq68 translate-names 0 Hushim This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 24 pij4 translate-names 0 Jahziel, Guni, Jezer…Shillem These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 25 d3s4 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 46 25 x6pw translate-numbers 0 seven in all This refers to the 7 children and grandchildren related to Bilhah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 26 k6c4 translate-numbers 0 sixty-six “66” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 27 pe1k translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 46 28 af76 0 to show the way before him to Goshen “to show them the way to Goshen” -GEN 46 29 nna1 figs-metonymy 0 Joseph prepared his chariot and went up Here “Joseph” stands for his servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph’s servants prepared his chariot and Joseph went up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 46 29 r3s4 0 went up to meet Israel The phrase “went up” is used because Joseph is traveling to a higher elevation to meet his father. Alternate translation: “went to meet Israel” -GEN 46 29 ju8s 0 hugged his neck, and wept on his neck a long time “put his arms around his father, and wept for a long time” -GEN 46 30 wty1 0 Now let me die “Now I am ready to die” or “Now I will die happy” -GEN 46 30 b5zk figs-synecdoche 0 since I have seen your face, that you are still alive Here “face” stands for the entire person. Jacob was expressing joy at seeing Joseph. Alternate translation: “since I have seen you alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 46 31 k2gt 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. -GEN 46 31 nvk6 figs-metonymy 0 his father’s house Here “house” stands for his family. Alternate translation: “his father’s family” or “his father’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 46 31 n1ch 0 I will go up and tell Pharaoh It was common to use the phrase “go up” when referring to someone going to speak with someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “I will go tell Pharaoh” -GEN 46 32 j12e 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 31 ends here. -GEN 46 32 vgd7 figs-quotesinquotes 0 The men are shepherds…all that they have The two-level quotation that began with the words “I will go up” in verse 31 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I will go up and tell Pharaoh and say that my brothers and my father’s house, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me. I will tell him that the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of livestock, and that they have brought their flocks, their herds, and all that they have.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 46 33 j1xj 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. -GEN 46 33 ef4p 0 It will come about This phrase is used here to mark an important event that is about to happen in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -GEN 46 34 nwi4 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 33 ends here. -GEN 46 34 c7ig figs-quotesinquotes 0 you should say, ‘Your servants have been keepers of livestock from our youth until now, both we, and our forefathers.’ The two-level quotation that began with the words “when Pharaoh…asks” in verse 33 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “when Pharaoh…asks what your occupation is, that you should say that you have been keepers of livestock from your youth until now, both you and your forefathers. Do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 46 34 q7bk figs-123person 0 Your servants Joseph’s family are to refer to themselves as “your servants” when they speak to Pharaoh. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “We, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 46 34 ic29 figs-abstractnouns 0 every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians The abstract noun “abomination” can be translated with the adjective “disgusting.” Alternate translation: “Egyptians think shepherds are disgusting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 47 intro ep9j 0 # Genesis 47 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abrahamic covenant
Part of the Abrahamic covenant was that Yahweh would bless those who bless Abraham’s descendants. Since Pharaoh cared for the Hebrew people, Yahweh blessed the Egyptians while the Hebrew people lived in Egypt. The Hebrew people also multiplied greatly as this covenant promised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Jacob was not buried in Egypt
In the ancient Near east, a person was typically buried in their hometown. Since Egypt was not the Israelites’ home, Jacob did not wish to be buried in Egypt. This was a lesson to the Israelites that Canaan was their true home, the promised land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) -GEN 47 1 lup6 figs-events 0 Joseph went in and told Pharaoh It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULT implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UST states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 47 2 p3cm figs-events 0 He took five of his brothers and introduced them It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULT implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UST states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 47 3 k8ea 0 Your servants are shepherds “Your servants shepherd flocks” -GEN 47 3 ybw3 figs-123person 0 Your servants Joseph’s brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “We, your servants” or “We” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 47 3 acn2 0 as our ancestors “both we and our forefathers” or “both we and our ancestors” -GEN 47 4 a2nh 0 We come as temporary residents in the land “We have come to stay for a while in Egypt” -GEN 47 4 ehv5 0 There is no pasture “There is no grass to eat” -GEN 47 4 s7ih 0 now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 47 6 c9gx 0 The land of Egypt is before you “The land of Egypt is open to you” or “All of the land of Egypt is available to you” -GEN 47 6 ur7y 0 Settle your father and your brothers in the best region, the land of Goshen “Settle your father and your brothers in the land of Goshen, which is the best region” -GEN 47 6 u42c figs-explicit 0 If you know any capable men among them It is implied that they are capable of taking care of animals. Alternate translation: “If you know of any men among them who have great skill taking care of animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 47 7 s3k5 0 Jacob blessed Pharaoh Here “blessed” means to express a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to that person. -GEN 47 8 wx65 0 How long have you lived? “How old are you?” -GEN 47 9 vqc7 translate-numbers 0 The years of my travels are a hundred and thirty The phrase “years of my travels” refers to how long he has lived on the earth traveling from one place to another. Alternate translation: “I have traveled on the earth for 130 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 47 9 tu4s 0 The years of my life have been few…not been as long as those of my ancestors Jacob means his life is short compared to the lives of Abraham and Isaac. -GEN 47 9 ak8x 0 painful Jacob has experienced much pain and trouble during his life. -GEN 47 11 mzq5 0 Then Joseph settled his father and his brothers “Then Joseph took care of his father and his brothers and helped them establish where they would live” -GEN 47 11 qaf9 translate-names 0 the land of Rameses This is another name for the land of Goshen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 47 12 jgf9 0 according to the number of their dependents Here, the word “dependents” means the small children in the family. Alternate translation: “according to how many small children were in their families” -GEN 47 13 yc6d 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. -GEN 47 13 kw4v figs-metonymy 0 The land of Egypt and the land of Canaan This refers to the people living in these lands. Alternate translation: “The people of Egypt and the people of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 47 13 gtx9 0 wasted away “became thin and weak” -GEN 47 14 a79v 0 Joseph gathered all the money that was in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan, by selling grain to the inhabitants “The people of Egypt and Canaan spent all of their money buying grain from Joseph” -GEN 47 14 u1kv figs-metonymy 0 Joseph gathered…Joseph brought Most likely Joseph ordered his servants to gather and bring the money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 47 15 z2fn figs-metonymy 0 When all the money of the lands of Egypt and Canaan was spent Here “lands” stands for the people who live in the lands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When the people of Egypt and Canaan used up all their money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 47 15 qiu6 0 of the lands of Egypt and Canaan “from the land of Egypt and from the land of Canaan” -GEN 47 15 p8d8 figs-rquestion 0 Why should we die in your presence because our money is gone? The people used a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please, do not let us die because we have used up all of our money!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 47 17 f7im figs-synecdoche 0 He fed them with bread Here “bread” stands for food in general. Alternate translation: “He gave them food” or “He provided them with food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 47 18 l3sq 0 they came to him “the people came to Joseph” -GEN 47 18 q8xj figs-123person 0 We will not hide from my master The people refer to Joseph as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “We will not hide from you, our master” or “We will not hide from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 47 18 vl3p figs-metonymy 0 There is nothing left in the sight of my master Here “sight” stands for Joseph himself. Alternate translation: “We have nothing left to give you, our master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 47 19 alz2 figs-metonymy 0 Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? The word “eyes” refers to Joseph’s sight. The people use a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please do not just watch as we die and our land is ruined!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 47 19 xwc1 figs-metaphor 0 Why should we die…both we and our land The land becomes useless and ruined because there is no seed to plant; thus it is spoken of as if the land would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 47 20 m6pl 0 In this way, the land became Pharaoh’s “So the land became Pharaoh’s” -GEN 47 22 my2p 0 It was only the land of the priests that Joseph did not buy “But he did not buy the land of the priests” -GEN 47 22 n3w1 figs-activepassive 0 the priests were given an allowance An “allowance” is an amount of money or food that someone regularly gives to another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh gave the priests a certain amount of food each day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 47 22 c3vq 0 They ate from the allotment which Pharaoh gave them “They ate from what Pharaoh gave them” -GEN 47 23 g4ki 0 and you will plant “that you might sow” -GEN 47 24 m3xp translate-fraction 0 At the harvest, you must give a fifth to Pharaoh, and four parts will be your own The word “fifth” is a fraction. Alternate translation: “At harvest time you will divide the crops into five parts. You will give one part back to Pharaoh for payment and the four parts are for your own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) -GEN 47 24 qd1p figs-ellipsis 0 for food for your households and your children You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “for food for your households and for food for your children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 47 25 m8l5 figs-idiom 0 May we find favor in your eyes The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “May you be pleased with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 47 26 rb65 0 in the land of Egypt “over the land of Egypt” or “throughout the land of Egypt” -GEN 47 26 k76z 0 to this day This means to the time that the author was writing this. -GEN 47 26 e9nv 0 one-fifth See how you translated “a fifth” in [Genesis 47:24](../47/24.md). -GEN 47 27 w2lx figs-doublet 0 They were fruitful and multiplied greatly The word “multiplied” explains how they were “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “They had very many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) -GEN 47 27 jw6i figs-idiom 0 were fruitful Here “fruitful” means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 47 28 d2ji translate-numbers 0 seventeen years “17 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 47 28 cq8w translate-numbers 0 so the years of Jacob’s life were one hundred forty-seven years “so Jacob lived to be 147 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 47 29 h7ri figs-metaphor 0 When the time approached for Israel to die This speaks about time as if it travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “When it was almost time for Israel to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 47 29 p6yl figs-metonymy 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes Here “eyes” is a metonym for sight, and “sight” stands for thoughts or opinions. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If I have pleased you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 47 29 zwh5 0 now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 47 29 utx5 figs-idiom 0 found favor This means that someone is approved of by someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 47 29 sfx8 translate-symaction 0 put your hand under my thigh This act is a sign of making a serious promise. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:2](../24/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 47 29 a37l figs-abstractnouns 0 show me faithfulness and trustworthiness The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “treat me in a faithful and trustworthy manner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -GEN 47 29 u82i 0 Please do not bury me in Egypt The word “please” adds emphasis to this request. -GEN 47 30 mbz5 figs-euphemism 0 When I sleep with my fathers Here “sleep” is a polite way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: “When I die and join my family members who died before me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 47 31 pw9e 0 Swear to me “Promise me” or “Make an oath to me” -GEN 47 31 p35p 0 swore to him “promised him” or “made an oath to him” -GEN 48 intro sm2c 0 # Genesis 48 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 48:15-16, and in 58:20.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Blessing
The blessing of Jacob is given to Joseph, and his sons Manasseh and Ephraim. It is probably distinct from inheriting the promises Yahweh gave to Abraham because Scripture talks about all of Israel’s descendants inheriting those promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) -GEN 48 1 fzl8 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) -GEN 48 1 th1g 0 one said to Joseph “someone said to Joseph” -GEN 48 1 ncd4 0 Look, your father “Listen, your father.” Here the word “look” is used to get Joseph’s attention. -GEN 48 1 haa1 0 So he took “So Joseph took” -GEN 48 2 jt59 figs-activepassive 0 When Jacob was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone told Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 48 2 q2vl 0 your son Joseph has arrived to see you “your son Joseph has come to you” -GEN 48 2 pyg7 figs-metaphor 0 Israel gathered strength and sat up in bed Here the author speaks of Israel struggling to sit up in bed as if he were gathering “strength” as someone gathers actual things. Alternate translation: “Israel made a great effort to sit up in bed” or “Israel struggled as he sat up in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 48 3 fs4l translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. See how you translated the name of this city in [Genesis 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 48 3 p7zc 0 in the land of Canaan. He blessed me This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place. Alternate translation: “in the land of Canaan, and he blessed me” -GEN 48 3 ctg7 0 blessed This refers to God pronouncing a formal blessing on someone. -GEN 48 4 llq8 0 and said to me This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place. Alternate translation: “And he said to me” -GEN 48 4 a6k7 figs-quotesinquotes 0 said to me, ‘Behold, I will make you fruitful, and multiply you. I will make of you an assembly of nations. I will give this land to your descendants as an everlasting possession.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said to me that he would make me fruitful and multiply me. And, he said that he would make me an assembly of nations and he would give this land to my descendants as an everlasting possession.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 48 4 j6vg 0 Behold God used the word “behold” here to alert Jacob to pay attention to what he was about to tell him. -GEN 48 4 j6ua figs-doublet 0 I will make you fruitful, and multiply you The phrase “multiply you” explains how God would make Jacob “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “I will give you very many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 48 4 u2iy figs-metonymy 0 I will make of you an assembly of nations Here “you” refers to Jacob, but it stands for Jacob’s descendants. Alternate translation: “I will make your descendants into many nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 48 4 nwj2 0 an everlasting possession “a permanent possession” -GEN 48 5 xs2x 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 48 5 y3v7 0 Ephraim and Manasseh will be mine Ephraim and Manasseh each will receive a portion of land just like Joseph’s brothers. -GEN 48 6 a5iu 0 they will be listed under the names of their brothers in their inheritance Possible meanings are (1) the rest of Joseph’s children would inherit land as part of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh or (2) Joseph will be given separate land from Ephraim and Manasseh and Joseph’s other children will inherit that land. Alternate translation: “as for their inheritance, you will list them under the names of their brothers” -GEN 48 7 kg2u 0 Ephrath This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. See how you translated the name of this city in [Genesis 35:16](../35/16.md). -GEN 48 8 drw1 0 Whose are these? “Whose sons are these?” -GEN 48 9 dr78 0 bless A father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children or grandchildren. -GEN 48 10 k75z writing-background 0 Now Israel’s eyes…could not see The word “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -GEN 48 10 t7x3 0 he kissed them “Israel kissed them” -GEN 48 11 jtm9 figs-synecdoche 0 to see your face again Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “to see you again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 48 12 ne7g translate-symaction 0 between Israel’s knees When Joseph placed his sons on Israel’s lap or knees it was a sign that Israel was adopting them. This gave the children special inheritance rights from Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 48 12 sca4 translate-symaction 0 then he bowed with his face to the earth Joseph bowed down to show honor to his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 48 13 fgl8 translate-symaction 0 Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s right hand Joseph places the boys so that Israel will put his right hand on Manasseh. Manasseh was the oldest brother and the right hand was the sign he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 48 14 fm1u translate-symaction 0 his right hand and laid it upon Ephraim’s head Placing the right hand on Ephraim’s head was the sign that he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 48 15 g5ng figs-synecdoche 0 Israel blessed Joseph Here “Joseph” also stands for Ephraim and Manasseh. Since Joseph is the father, he is the only one mentioned here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 48 15 nw5z figs-metaphor 0 The God before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked Serving God is spoken of as if it were walking before God. Alternate translation: “The God who my grandfather Abraham and father Isaac served” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 48 15 r9ve figs-explicit 0 who has cared for me God has taken care of Israel like a shepherd takes care of his sheep. Alternate translation: “who has cared for me like a shepherd cares for his animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 48 16 hs6i 0 the angel Possible meanings are (1) this refers to the angel that God sent to protect Jacob or (2) this refers to God who appeared in angel form to protect Jacob. -GEN 48 16 i8qg 0 protected me “delivered me” -GEN 48 16 dd6n figs-metonymy 0 May my name be named in them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac Here “name” stands for the person. The phrase “my name be named in them” is an idiom that means a person is remembered because of another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May people remember Abraham, Isaac, and me because of Ephraim and Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 48 16 tm7y figs-metonymy 0 May they grow into a multitude on the earth Here “they” refers to Ephraim and Manasseh, but it stands for their descendants. Alternate translation: “May they have many descendants who will live all over the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 48 18 bj69 translate-symaction 0 Put your right hand upon his head The right hand was the sign of the greater blessing which the oldest son was supposed to receive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 48 19 utt2 figs-metonymy 0 He also will become a people, and he also will be great Here “He” refers to Manasseh, but it stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “Your older son will have many descendants, and they will become a great people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 48 20 bb6k 0 that day with these words “that day, saying” -GEN 48 20 ip5g 0 The people of Israel will pronounce blessings by your names saying “The people of Israel will speak your names when they are blessing others” -GEN 48 20 vs1f figs-quotesinquotes 0 by your names saying, ‘May God make you like Ephraim and like Manasseh’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “by your names. They will ask God to make others like Ephraim and like Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 48 20 aaz4 0 like Ephraim and like Manasseh Israel saying Ephraim’s name first is another way he indicates that Ephraim will be greater than Manasseh. -GEN 48 20 py5z figs-metaphor 0 Israel put Ephraim before Manasseh Giving Ephraim the greater blessing and making him more important than Manasseh is spoken of as if Israel physically put Ephraim in front of Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 48 21 vk8j figs-you 0 will be with you…bring you back…your fathers Here “you” and “your” are plural and refer to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 48 21 p9kl figs-idiom 0 will be with you This is an idiom that means God will help and bless the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “God will help you” or “God will bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 48 21 ild4 figs-go 0 will bring you back Here “bring” can be translated as “take.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -GEN 48 21 w4x7 0 land of your fathers “land of your ancestors” -GEN 48 22 m9zy figs-metaphor 0 To you, as one who is above your brothers, I give to you the mountain slope Possible meanings are (1) Joseph having more honor and authority than his brothers is spoken of as if he were physically above them. Alternate translation: “To you, who is greater than your brothers, I give the mountain slope” or (2) Jacob means he is giving more land to Joseph than he is giving to Joseph’s brothers. Alternate translation: “To you, I give one more ridge than I give your brothers. I give to you the mountain slope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 48 22 e2r2 figs-you 0 To you Here “you” is singular and refers to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -GEN 48 22 q143 figs-metonymy 0 the mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bow Here “sword” and “bow” stands for fighting in battle. Alternate translation: “the portion of land I fought for and took from the Amorites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 intro lp3i 0 # Genesis 49 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 49:1-27.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Prophecies
These statements made by Jacob to his sons are probably prophecies. These prophecies are concerned with the descendants of each of Jacob’s sons who would become the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “The scepter will not depart from Judah”
This prophecy indicates Judah will be the ruling tribe of Israel. The future kings of Israel all come from the tribe of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### “I buried Leah”
Since Moses wrote the book of Genesis, this is an editorial comment he makes in the text as the narrator. -GEN 49 1 zs4v writing-poetry 0 General Information: This begins Jacob’s final blessings to his sons. This continues through [Genesis 49:27](../49/27.md). Jacob’s blessings are written in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]) -GEN 49 2 n3y4 figs-parallelism 0 Assemble yourselves and listen, you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father Both sentences say the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: “Come and listen carefully to your father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 2 j4es figs-123person 0 you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father Jacob is referring to himself in the third person. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “my sons. Listen to me, your father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 49 3 n7ub figs-parallelism 0 my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength The phrases “my firstborn, my might” and “the beginning of my strength” mean the same thing. The words “might” and “strength” stand for Jacob’s ability to produce children. The words “firstborn” and “beginning” mean that Reuben is his first child. Alternate translation: “my first child after I became a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 3 s34g 0 outstanding in dignity, and outstanding in power This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “You are first in honor and power” or “You surpass everyone else in honor and power” -GEN 49 4 ch7w figs-simile 0 Uncontrollable as rushing water Jacob compares Reuben to water in a strong current to emphasize that he cannot control his anger and he is not stable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 49 4 n314 0 you will not have the preeminence “you shall not be first among your brothers” -GEN 49 4 cbc3 figs-metonymy 0 because you went up to your father’s bed. Then you defiled it; you went up to my couch Here “bed” and “couch” stand for Jacob’s concubine, Bilhah. Jacob is referring to when Reuben slept with Bilhah ([Genesis 35:22](../35/22.md)). Alternate translation: “because you went to my bed and slept with Bilhah my concubine. You have shamed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 4 r7nh figs-parallelism 0 you went up to your father’s bed…you went up to my couch Both statements mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 5 lxj9 0 Simeon and Levi are brothers This does not just mean they are brothers by birth. Jacob is emphasizing that they worked together to kill the people of Shechem. -GEN 49 5 xhz7 0 Weapons of violence are their swords “They use their swords to hurt and to kill people” -GEN 49 6 p25e figs-synecdoche 0 O my soul…my heart Jacob uses the words “soul” and “heart” to refer to himself and is saying that other people, and perhaps God also, honor him so much that he does not wish to join with those who make plans to do evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 49 6 dh2g figs-parallelism 0 do not come into their council; do not join in their meetings These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Jacob combines them to emphasize that he does not want to participate in their wicked plans. Alternate translation: “I certainly will not join with them to make any plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 6 mfx3 0 they hamstrung oxen This refers to Simeon and Levi crippling oxen just for fun. -GEN 49 6 m9vp 0 hamstrung This refers to cutting the sinews of an animal’s leg so that it cannot walk. -GEN 49 7 t851 figs-metaphor 0 May their anger be cursed, for it was fierce—and their fury, for it was cruel God cursing Simeon and Levi is spoken of as if God were cursing their anger and fury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Lord says, ‘I will curse them because of their fierce anger and their cruel fury” or “I, the Lord, will curse them because of their fierce anger and their cruel fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 49 7 e2ns 0 May their anger be cursed In prophecy, the prophet will often speak the words of God as if God himself were speaking. This emphasizes how closely united the prophet and God are. -GEN 49 7 vx1u figs-ellipsis 0 their fury, for it was cruel The words “I will curse” are understood. Alternate translation: “I will curse their fury, for it was cruel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) -GEN 49 7 bl42 figs-metonymy 0 I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel The word “I” refers to God. The word “them” refers to Simeon and Levi but they are a metonym standing for their descendants. The words “Jacob” and “Israel” are a metonym standing for all people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will divide their descendants and scatter them among all the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 8 lk4j figs-parallelism 0 your brothers will praise you…Your father’s sons will bow down before you These two statements mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 8 n457 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 will praise you. Your hand The second sentence states the reason for the first sentence. This can be made clear with “for” or “because.” Alternate translation: “will praise you. For your hand” or “will praise you because your hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -GEN 49 8 al75 figs-idiom 0 Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies This is a way of saying “You will conquer your enemies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 49 8 yjj7 translate-symaction 0 bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 49 9 f58g figs-metaphor 0 Judah is a lion’s cub Jacob speaks about Judah as if he were a lion’s cub. Jacob is emphasizing Judah’s strength. Alternate translation: “Judah is like a young lion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 9 hzl6 0 My son, you have gone up from your victims “You, my son, have come back from eating your prey” -GEN 49 9 tf4l figs-simile 0 like a lioness Jacob also compares Judah to a female lion. The lioness is the primary hunter and protector of her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -GEN 49 9 xsu7 figs-rquestion 0 Who would dare to awaken him? Jacob uses a question to emphasize how terrifying Judah is to other people. Alternate translation: “No one wants to wake him up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 49 10 eev8 figs-metonymy 0 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet The “scepter” and the “staff” are long decorated sticks that kings carried. Here they are metonymies that stand for the power to rule. And, “Judah” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The power to rule will always be with the descendants of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -GEN 49 10 p8q1 0 until Shiloh comes. The nations will obey him Possible meanings are (1) “Shiloh” means “tribute.” Alternate translation: “until the nations obey him and bring him tribute” or (2) “Shiloh” refers to the city of Shiloh. Alternate translation: “until the ruler comes to Shiloh. Then the nations will obey him” Many people consider this a prophecy about the Messiah, who is a descendant of King David. David is a descendant of Judah. -GEN 49 10 i8y2 figs-metonymy 0 The nations will obey him Here “nations” refer to the people. Alternate translation: “The people of the nations will obey him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 11 bgs1 figs-parallelism 0 Binding his donkey…to the choice vine Both statements mean the same thing. It is implied that the vines are so full of grapes that the master does not mind that his donkey eats some of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 11 h3ji 0 his…he Possible meanings for all occurrences of “his” or “he” are (1) they refer to Judah’s descendants. Alternate translation: “their…they” or (2) they refer to the ruler in [Genesis 49:10](../49/10.md), which may refer to the Messiah. -GEN 49 11 m97e figs-parallelism 0 he has washed…in the blood of grapes Both statements mean the same thing. It implies that there are so many grapes that they can wash their clothes in the juice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 11 g59h figs-pastforfuture 0 he has washed Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as something that has already happened in the past. This emphasizes that this event will certainly happen. Alternate translation: “they will wash” or “he will wash” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]]) -GEN 49 11 c5rw figs-metaphor 0 the blood of grapes This speaks about the grape juice as if it were blood. This emphasizes how red the juice is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 12 y4wg figs-simile 0 His eyes will be as dark as wine This refers to the color of a person’s eyes to the red color of wine. Possible meanings are (1) dark eyes imply healthy eyes or (2) people eyes will be red from drinking too much of wine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 12 va4p figs-simile 0 his teeth as white as milk This compare the color of the person’s teeth to the white color of milk. This implies that there will be so many healthy cows they will have much milk to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 13 d53q figs-metonymy 0 Zebulun will live This refers to the descendants of Zebulun. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Zebulun will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 13 jb4b figs-metonymy 0 He will be a harbor Here “He” stands for sea towns that the people of Zebulun will inhabit or build. These cities will provide shelter for ships. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 13 rl71 0 harbor a part of the sea that is next to land and is a safe place for ships -GEN 49 14 v1n4 figs-metaphor 0 Issachar is a strong donkey Jacob speaks about Issachar and his descendants as if they are a donkey. This emphasizes that they will work very hard. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Issachar will be like a strong donkey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 14 yd1r 0 Issachar is Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as something that is already happening. This emphasizes that the event will certainly happen. It can be stated in the future tense. Alternate translation: “Issachar will be” or “The descendants of Issachar will be” -GEN 49 14 n39a figs-metaphor 0 lying down between the sheepfolds Possible meanings are (1) “lying down between the packs they were carrying” or (2) “lying down between two sheep pens.” Either way, Jacob speaks about Issachar’s descendants as if they are donkeys that have worked hard and are lying down to rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 15 u9r3 figs-metonymy 0 He sees…He will These words refer to the descendants of Issachar (verse 14). Alternate translation: “They see…They will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 15 fp1p 0 a good resting place and the pleasant land “a resting place that is good and that the land is pleasant” -GEN 49 15 r8tu figs-idiom 0 He will bend his shoulder to the burden The phrase “bend his shoulder to the burden” is a way of saying “work very hard to carry the load” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 49 15 vc3z 0 become a servant for the task “will work for others as slaves” -GEN 49 16 p8vr figs-metonymy 0 Dan will judge his people Here “Dan” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Dan will judge their people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 16 qup4 0 his people Possible meanings for “his people” are (1) “the people of Dan” or (2) “the people of Israel” -GEN 49 17 wp5h figs-metaphor 0 Dan will be a snake beside the road Jacob speaks about Dan and his descendants as if they were snakes. Though a snake is small, it can bring down a rider off his horse. So Dan, though a small tribe, is very dangerous to its enemies. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Dan will be like a snake beside the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 18 b7p5 0 I wait for your salvation, Yahweh The abstract noun “salvation” can be translated as “save.” Alternate translation: “I wait for you, Yahweh, to save me” -GEN 49 18 z88u 0 I wait The word “I” refers to Jacob. -GEN 49 19 c2sc figs-metonymy 0 Gad…attack him, but he Here “Gad” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Gad…attack them, but they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 19 m5nv figs-synecdoche 0 at their heels Here “heels” stands for the raiders who are running away from the descendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 49 20 v9mh figs-metonymy 0 Asher’s food…and he Here “Asher” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “Asher’s descendants’ food…and they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 20 fx3w figs-idiom 0 food will be rich Here “rich” is a way of saying “delicious.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 49 21 y5rq figs-metonymy 0 Naphtali is…he will Here “Naphtali” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Naphtali are…they will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 21 tc9d figs-metaphor 0 Naphtali is a doe let loose Jacob speaks about the descendants of Naphtali as if they were a female deer that is free to run. This may emphasize that they will be swift messengers. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Naphtali will be like deer set free” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 21 g69w figs-metaphor 0 have beautiful fawns A “fawn” is a baby deer. The meaning of the Hebrew word is unclear. Some versions translate it as “have beautiful words” or “speak beautiful things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 22 np8b figs-metonymy 0 Joseph is a fruitful bough Here “Joseph” is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about them as if they were a tree branch that produces a lot of fruit. This emphasizes that they will greatly increase in number. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Joseph are a fruitful bough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 22 ka7p 0 bough a main branch of a tree -GEN 49 22 pvd6 figs-metaphor 0 whose branches climb over the wall Branches that grow and extend over a wall are spoken of as if they were climbing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 24 r5uu 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. -GEN 49 24 u5f5 figs-metonymy 0 his bow will remain steady The person holding the bow steady is spoken of as if the bow itself will remain steady. It is implied he is holding it steady as he aims at his enemy. Alternate translation: “he will hold his bow steady as he aims at his enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 24 a3qh figs-metonymy 0 his bow…his hands Here “his” refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “their bow…their hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 24 u5ku figs-synecdoche 0 his hands will be skillful Here the whole person is represented by the “hands” since they are used to hold the bow. Alternate translation: “his arms will remain strong as he aims his bow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 49 24 qq1e figs-metonymy 0 the hands of the Mighty One The “hands” are expressing the power of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the power of the Mighty One” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 24 biy5 figs-metonymy 0 because of the name of the Shepherd Here “name” refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “because of the Shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 24 u61z figs-metaphor 0 the Shepherd Jacob speak of Yahweh as if he were a “Shepherd.” This emphasizes that Yahweh guides and protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 24 rg4s figs-metaphor 0 the Rock Jacob speaks of Yahweh as if he were a “Rock” that people can climb upon to find safety from enemies. This emphasizes that Yahweh protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 25 x55h 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants ([Genesis 49:22-23](./22.md)). -GEN 49 25 hrc4 figs-metonymy 0 help you…bless you Here “you” refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “help your descendants…bless them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 25 ds53 figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the sky Here “sky” stands for the rain that helps the crops to grow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 25 e3jd figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the deep that lies beneath Here “deep” stands for the water underneath the ground that supplies rivers and wells. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 25 dg7w figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the breasts and womb Here “breasts and womb” stand for the ability for a mother to have children and feed them milk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 49 26 gm81 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. -GEN 49 26 zta3 0 the ancient mountains The meaning of the original language is not certain. Some Bible translations have “my ancestors” instead of “ancient mountains.” -GEN 49 26 n5wp 0 May they be on the head of Joseph Here “they” refers to the blessings of his father. -GEN 49 26 q7ri figs-metaphor 0 upon the crown of the head of the prince of his brothers Jacob desires for these blessings to be passed on to even the most important of his descendants. Alternate translation: “on the head of the most important of Joseph’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 26 k1ak 0 prince of his brothers “most important of his brothers” -GEN 49 27 bv1t figs-metonymy 0 Benjamin is a hungry wolf Here “Benjamin” is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about Benjamin’s descendants as if they were a hungry wolf. This emphasizes that they will be fierce warriors. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Benjamin will be like hungry wolves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 49 28 r8a3 0 These are the twelve tribes of Israel “These” refers to the sons Jacob mentioned in 49:1-27. Each son became the leader of his own tribe. -GEN 49 28 lr9f 0 when he blessed them Here the word “blessed” refers to the speaking of formal blessings. -GEN 49 28 jm87 0 Each one he blessed with an appropriate blessing “He gave each son a fitting blessing” -GEN 49 29 fvw5 0 he instructed them “he commanded them” -GEN 49 29 ta6p figs-euphemism 0 I am about to go to my people This is a polite way of saying he is about to die. Alternate translation: “I am about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 49 29 a84e figs-euphemism 0 go to my people Jacob is referring to where his inner man will go when he dies. He expects to join Abraham and Isaac in the afterlife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 49 29 gjm3 translate-names 0 Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. “Hittite” means “descendent of Heth.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 49 30 d85j translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpelah was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 49 30 n89d translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 49 31 kz7r 0 General Information: Jacob continues speaking to his sons. -GEN 49 32 fac4 figs-explicit 0 in it were purchased The purchase can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in it were purchased by Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 49 32 e1hm 0 from the people of Heth “from the Hittites” -GEN 49 33 jq2w 0 finished these instructions to his sons “finished instructing his sons” or “finished commanding his sons” -GEN 49 33 xwq5 0 he pulled his feet into the bed Jacob was sitting on the bed. Now, Jacob turns and puts his feet in the bed so he can lie down. -GEN 49 33 m28w figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 49 33 p5pu figs-euphemism 0 went to his people After Jacob died, his inner man went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 50 intro di45 0 # Genesis 50 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Embalming
Embalming was practiced in Egypt on very important people when they died. They removed the liquids from the body then wrapped it in an attempt to preserve the body from decay.

### Joseph’s character
Joseph’s character was so upright that Pharaoh’s officials went with him to Canaan to bury Jacob. This was a very large funeral procession. He also learned lessons from earlier in his life and unified his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) -GEN 50 1 b6bk figs-idiom 0 that he collapsed on the face of his father The term “he collapsed” is an idiom for being overcome. Alternate translation: “that he fell on his father in grief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 50 2 a9rq 0 his servants the physicians “his servants who took care of dead bodies” -GEN 50 2 f9rl figs-euphemism 0 to embalm his father To “embalm” is a special way of preserving a dead body before it is buried. Alternate translation: “to prepare his father’s body for burial” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -GEN 50 3 k3hl translate-numbers 0 They took forty days “They took 40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 50 3 f2gd translate-numbers 0 seventy days “70 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 50 4 g586 0 Connecting Statement: A three-level quotation is introduced with the words “Joseph spoke…saying.” The second level begins with the words “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh, saying.” -GEN 50 4 my64 0 days of weeping “days of mourning him” or “days of weeping for him” -GEN 50 4 u1ns figs-metonymy 0 Joseph spoke to the house of Pharaoh Here “house of Pharaoh” stands for the officials that make up Pharaoh’s royal court. Alternate translation: “Joseph spoke to Pharaoh’s officials” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 50 4 a4vt figs-idiom 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 50 5 id8m 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began with the words “Joseph spoke…saying” in verse 4 continues. The second level of that quotation, which began with the words “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh, saying” in verse 4 continues. -GEN 50 5 lj73 figs-quotesinquotes 0 My father made me swear, saying, “See, I am about to die. Bury me in my tomb that I dug for myself in the land of Canaan. There you will bury me.” Now let me go up…I will return. This is the second level of the three-level quotation that begins with the words “If now I have” in verse 4. It contains a quote within it. This embedded quote can be translated as an indirect quote. “My father made me swear, saying that he was about to die and that I was to bury him in his tomb that he dug for himself in the land of Canaan. I was to bury him there. Now let me go up…I will return.” The entire second-level quotation can also be translated as an indirect quote. “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh and tell him that my father made me swear, saying that he was about to die and that I was to bury him in his tomb that he dug for himself in the land of Canaan. I was to bury him there. Now let me go up…I will return.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 50 5 ebi8 0 See, I am about to die…you will bury me This is the third level of the three-level quotation that begins with the words “If now I have” in verse 4. -GEN 50 5 c9ec 0 See, I am about to die “See, I am dying” -GEN 50 5 fsn1 0 let me go up It was common to use the phrase “go up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 50 6 lw5a figs-explicit 0 Pharaoh answered It is implied that the members of the court spoke to Pharaoh, and now Pharaoh is replying to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -GEN 50 6 r63u 0 as he made you swear “as you swore to him” -GEN 50 7 l6vl 0 Joseph went up It was common to use the phrase “went up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. -GEN 50 7 b8t6 0 All the officials…the elders…the senior officials All of Pharaoh’s most important leaders attended the burial procession. -GEN 50 7 dt27 0 the elders of his household Here “household” refers to Pharaoh’s royal court. -GEN 50 8 c423 figs-events 0 with all Joseph’s household and his brothers, and his father’s household This can be translated as a new sentence: “Joseph’s household, his brothers, and his father’s household also went with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 50 9 skq7 figs-metonymy 0 Chariots Here this stands for the men riding in the chariots. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 50 9 fl9t 0 It was a very large group of people “It was a very large gathering” -GEN 50 10 g71k 0 When they came The word “they” refers to the participants in the burial procession. -GEN 50 10 b54f translate-names 0 floor of Atad Possible meanings are (1) the word “Atad” means “thorn” and it may refer to a place where large amounts of thorns grew, or (2) it may be the name of the person who owns the threshing floor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 10 d971 0 they mourned with very great and grievous sorrow “they were extremely sad and they mourned very much” -GEN 50 10 p63w translate-numbers 0 a seven-day “a 7-day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 50 11 er7s translate-names 0 in the floor of Atad Possible meanings are (1) “on the threshing floor that belonged to a man named Atad” or (2) “in the threshing floor at a place called Atad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 11 c318 0 This is a very sad occasion for the Egyptians “The mourning of the Egyptians is very great” -GEN 50 11 rj7q translate-names 0 Abel Mizraim The translator can add a footnote that says: “The name Abel Mizraim means “the mourning of Egypt.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 12 fj26 0 So his sons “So Jacob’s sons” -GEN 50 12 fj1d 0 just as he had instructed them “just as he had directed them” -GEN 50 13 xv7j 0 His sons carried him “His sons took his body” -GEN 50 13 wfc9 translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpela was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 13 c6qt translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 13 zfv9 translate-names 0 Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. “Hittite” means “descendent of Heth.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 14 d43t 0 Joseph returned into Egypt “Joseph returned to Egypt” -GEN 50 14 jv7b 0 all who had accompanied him “all who had come with him” -GEN 50 15 dn26 figs-metaphor 0 What if Joseph holds on to anger against us Here anger is spoken of as if it was something physical that Joseph could hold in his hands. Alternate translation: “What if Joseph is actually still angry with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 50 15 q73l figs-metaphor 0 wants to repay us in full for all the evil we did to him Avenging oneself against someone who harmed him is spoken of as if the person were paying they other person what they are owed. Alternate translation: “wants revenge for the evil thing we did to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -GEN 50 16 j5db 0 Connecting Statement: A three-level quotation begins with the words “Your father gave.” -GEN 50 16 c5nj 0 Your father gave instructions before he died, saying Jacob was the father of all the brothers. Here they say “your father” to emphasize that Joseph needs to pay attention to what his father said. Alternate translation: “Before our father died he said” -GEN 50 17 dl1v 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that begins with the words “Your father gave” in verse 16 ends here. -GEN 50 17 f2jh figs-quotesinquotes 0 Tell Joseph this, “Please forgive the transgression of your brothers and their sin when they did evil to you.” The three-level quotation that begins with the words “Your father gave” in verse 16 ends here. This is the second-level quotation, and it contains a third-level quotation that can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Tell Joseph to please forgive your transgression and your sin when you did evil to him.” Both the second- and third-level quotations can be translated as indirect quotations. “Your father instructed us before he died to tell you to please forgive our transgression and our sin when we did evil to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) -GEN 50 17 syf6 0 and their sin when they did evil to you “for the wicked things they did to you” -GEN 50 17 aq9q 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. -GEN 50 17 l42j figs-123person 0 please forgive the servants of the God of your father The brothers are referring to themselves as “the servants of the God of your father.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “please forgive us, the servants of the God of our father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) -GEN 50 17 lhx9 0 Joseph wept when they spoke to him “Joseph wept when he heard this message” -GEN 50 18 j51r translate-symaction 0 lay facedown before him They lay down with their faces toward the ground. This is a sign of humility and respect for Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) -GEN 50 19 cg1g figs-rquestion 0 Am I in the place of God? Joseph uses a question to comfort his brothers. Alternate translation: “I am not in the place of God.” or “I am not God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -GEN 50 20 b3wy 0 you meant to harm me “you intended to do evil against me” -GEN 50 20 wpc2 0 God meant it for good “God intended it for good” -GEN 50 21 e3i8 0 So now do not be afraid “So do not fear me” -GEN 50 21 f6mv 0 I will provide for you and your little children “I will always make sure you and your children have enough to eat” -GEN 50 21 b3l1 figs-synecdoche 0 He comforted them in this way and spoke kindly to their hearts Here “hearts” refers to the brothers. Alternate translation: “He comforted them by speaking kindly to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -GEN 50 22 by3m translate-numbers 0 one hundred ten years “110 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 50 23 fc5c 0 Ephraim’s children to the third generation “Ephraim’s children and grandchildren” -GEN 50 23 rf1x translate-names 0 Machir This is the name of Joseph’s grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -GEN 50 23 vve4 figs-idiom 0 who were placed on the knees of Joseph This expression means that Joseph adopted these children of Machir as his own children. This means they would have special inheritance rights from Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) -GEN 50 24 j3ki figs-metonymy 0 surely come to you In [Genesis 50:24/26](./24.md) the word “you” refers to Joseph’s brothers, but it also stands for their descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -GEN 50 24 ya3x figs-events 0 lead you up out of this land to the land It was common to use the word “up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “bring you out of this land and take you to the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) -GEN 50 26 ej21 translate-numbers 0 110 years “one hundred and ten years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) -GEN 50 26 g2xq 0 They embalmed him To “embalm” is a special way of preserving a dead body before it is buried. See how you translated “embalmed” in [Genesis 50:1](../50/01.md). -GEN 50 26 mv4x figs-activepassive 0 he was placed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they placed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -GEN 50 26 h19n 0 in a coffin “in a chest” or “in a case.” This is a box a dead person is placed in. +Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote VGLQuote OccurrenceNote vi_translate +GEN front intro d9wn 0 "# Introduction to Genesis

## Part 1: General Introduction

### Outline of Genesis

1. From the Creation to the Tower of Babel
- The account of the creation of the heavens and the earth (1:1–4:26)
- The account of Adam (5:1–6:8)
- The account of Noah (6:9–11:9)
- The account of Shem (11:10–11:26)
- The account of Terah (11:27–11:32)
1. The accounts of the Patriarchs
- The account of Abraham (12:1-25:11)
- The account of Ishmael (25:12–25:18)
- The account of Isaac, focusing on Jacob (25:19–35:29)
- The account of Esau (36:1–37:1)
- The account of Jacob, focusing on Joseph (37:2–50:26)

### What is Genesis about?

Genesis begins with the early years of creation. It tells about God creating heaven, earth, and the first humans. It also tells about the first time humans sinned. This caused humans to be separated from God and to eventually die. Genesis 1-11 briefly tells about other important events that occurred over many hundreds of years. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death]])

Genesis is also about the beginning of God’s people. Genesis 12-50 tells about how God remained faithful to Abraham and his descendants. Abraham’s descendants became known as the Hebrews and later as the Israelites. These people would worship Yahweh and be his people.

Genesis ends with Abraham’s descendants living in Egypt with the hope of returning one day to the Promised Land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])

### How should the title of this book be translated?

“Genesis” means “beginning,” so translators should express this idea in their title. Titles such as “The Beginning of Things” may be suitable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

### Who wrote Genesis?

The writers of both the Old and New Testaments presented Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Genesis. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

### What are the covenants mentioned in Genesis?

A covenant is a formal, binding agreement between two parties that one or both parties must fulfill.

God made three covenants in Genesis. In the covenant with Adam, God promised to bless Adam and cause him to prosper. Adam was not allowed to eat fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. God promised that Adam would die if he disobeyed what he commanded.

In the covenant with Noah, God promised to never again destroy the world with a flood.

In the covenant with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham’s descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect them and to give them a land of their own.

### What was God’s purpose for the book of Genesis?

The book of Genesis says that God created a very good world. However, the world became cursed because human beings began to sin. But Genesis shows that God continues to have complete control over the world.

Genesis also describes the start of God’s plan to bless the whole world again. This is shown when God makes a covenant with Abraham. With this covenant, God chose Abraham and his descendants to be his people. God promised to bless the world through Abraham’s descendants.

### What was the custom for inheritance as described by Genesis?

There are several passages in Genesis that show the customs of a father who is about to die passing on a blessing to his son. Abraham blessed his son, Isaac, and made him the ancestor of the people of Israel. However, Ishmael, Abraham’s other son, did not receive that same divine blessing. Likewise, Isaac’s older son Esau did not receive the blessing. Isaac’s younger son, Jacob, received it instead. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

Also, it was the custom for a man to divide among his sons his material wealth and land. All his sons received equal portions except the oldest son. The firstborn son received twice as much. His portion was called a double portion. Esau gave up his right to receive the double portion.

### How does Genesis present sin and evil?

Genesis presents sin as doing things that are against God’s word and God’s ways. It presents evil as the opposite of good.

Sin and evil have affected all people. This started when Adam disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden.

## Part 3: Important Translation Issues

### What is one way in which Genesis marks the beginning of important sections?

Genesis uses one Hebrew phrase that the ULT translates as “this is the record of,” “these were the events concerning,” or “these were the descendants of.” The information in these sections may have come from sources much older than Moses. These passages are 2:4; 5:1; 6:9; 10:1; 11:10, 27; 25:12, 19; 36:1, 9; 37:2.

If the translator wants to translate in only two ways, we recommend for most passages a phrase such as, “this is the record about” or “this is information about.” Some passages will be better translated, however, as “These were the descendants of.”

### Why are the beginnings of some narrative sections in Genesis difficult to translate?

Often in Genesis, the author first summarizes what is about to happen. Then in the following verses, the author tells the details of what happened. Probable examples of this style occur in Gen. 1:1, 6:22, 18:1, 21:1 and 22:1.

However, in many languages, it is preferred to write summaries at the end of a narrative. In this case, translators may choose a different approach. For example, in Gen. 1:1 (“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”), translators may decide to translate like this: “This is about how God made the heavens and the earth in the beginning.”

### What is the difference between “people,” “peoples,” and “people groups”?

The word “people” refers to all the individuals who belong to a group, such as “the people of Israel.” The word “peoples” (used in the ULT) refers to multiple groups of people. Each people group might speak their own language, have their own customs, and worships their own gods. Some different peoples in the ancient Near East were those of Israel, Egypt, Edom, Moab, and Ammon.

The expression “people groups” (used in the UST) means the same thing as “peoples” in the ULT. The translator should use the most equivalent term that is common in the project language.

### What is the relationship between individuals and peoples that have similar names?

Many individuals in Genesis eventually had large numbers of descendants who were called after their ancestor’s name. For example, Cush was the name of an individual. But, “Cush” also became the name of nation that his descendants formed. They were called “Cushites.” If possible, when translating these names, the translator should make the individual’s name and the nation’s name similar. Examples of this are “Cush” and “Cushite” or “Moab” and “Moabite.” Otherwise, the translator may say, “the descendants of Cush” or “the descendants of Moab.”

### What do the phrases “to this day” or “of today” mean?

These phrases were used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” and “of today” refer to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Gen. 19:37, 19:38, 22:14, 26:33, 32:32, 35:20, 47:26, 48:18." "Introduction to Genesis +Phần 1: GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG CHUNG +Đề cương của Sáng thế ký +1. Từ sự sáng tạo đến tháp Ba-bên +- Lời tường thuật về sự sáng tạo trời và đất ( 1: 1 – 4: 26 ) +- Tường thuật về A-đam ( 5: 1 – 6: 8 ) +- Lời tường thuật về Nô-ê ( 6: 9 – 11: 9 ) +- Lời tường thuật về Sem ( 11: 10 – 11: 26 ) +- Tường thuật về Tha - rê ( 11: 27 – 11: 32 ) +1. LỜI TƯỜNG THUẬT VỀ CÁC TỘC TRƯỞNG +- Câu chuyện của Áp-ra-ham ( 12: 1 - 25: 11 ) +- Câu chuyện về Ích-ma-ên ( 25: 12 – 25: 18 ) +- Tài khoản của Y-sác, tập trung vào Gia-cốp ( 25: 19 – 35: 29 ) +- Tài khoản của Ê-sau ( 36: 1 – 37: 1 ) +- Tài khoản của Gia-cốp, tập trung vào Giô-sép ( 37: 2 – 50: 26 ) +Sáng thế ký nói về điều gì? +Sáng thế ký bắt đầu với những năm đầu của sự sáng tạo. Sách này nói về việc Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra trời, đất và con người đầu tiên. Sáng thế ký cũng kể về lần đầu tiên con người phạm tội. Điều này khiến loài người bị phân cách khỏi Đức Chúa Trời và cuối cùng phải chết. Sáng - thế Ký 1 - 11 kể vắn tắt về những biến cố quan trọng khác đã xảy ra trong nhiều trăm năm qua. Sáng - thế Ký cũng nói về sự khởi đầu của dân Đức Chúa Trời. Sáng - thế Ký 12 - 50 kể về cách Đức Chúa Trời giữ lòng trung thành với Áp - ra - ham và con cháu ông. Con cháu của Áp - ra - ham được gọi là người Hê - bơ - rơ và sau này là dân Y - sơ - ra - ên. Những người này thờ phượng Đức Giê - hô - va và làm dân Ngài. Sáng Thế Ký kết thúc với việc dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham sống ở Ai-cập với hy vọng một ngày nào đó sẽ trở về Đất Hứa. Tựa đề của sách này nên được dịch như thế nào? +"" Sáng thế ký "" có nghĩa là "" khởi đầu "" , vì vậy các dịch giả nên diễn đạt ý này trong tiêu đề của họ. Những tựa đề như "" Ban đầu của Muôn vật "" có thể thích hợp. Ai viết Sáng - thế Ký? +Những người viết cả Cựu Ước lẫn Tân Ước trình bày Môi - se rất chú trọng đến việc viết sách Sáng - thế Ký. Từ thời xa xưa, cả người Do Thái và Cơ Đốc nhân đều nghĩ rằng Môi-se đã viết Sáng Thế Ký, Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký, Lê-vi Ký, Dân Số Ký và Phục Truyền Luật Lệ Ký. Phần 2: NHỮNG KHÁI NIỆM TÔN GIÁO VÀ VĂN HÓA QUAN TRỌNG +Những giao ước được đề cập trong Sáng thế ký là gì? +Một giao ước là một thỏa thuận ràng buộc, chính thức giữa hai bên mà một hoặc cả hai bên phải thực hiện. Đức Chúa Trời lập ba giao ước trong Sáng thế ký. Trong giao ước với A-đam, Đức Chúa Trời hứa ban phước cho A-đam và khiến ông thịnh vượng. A-đam không được phép ăn trái của cây biết thiện ác. Đức Chúa Trời hứa rằng A-đam sẽ chết nếu ông bất tuân mệnh lệnh Ngài. Trong giao ước với Nô - ê, Đức Chúa Trời hứa sẽ không bao giờ hủy diệt thế gian bằng Nước Lụt nữa. Trong giao ước với Áp-ra-ham, Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa khiến con cháu Áp-ra-ham thành một dân tộc lớn. Ngài cũng hứa bảo vệ họ và ban cho họ một xứ sở riêng. Mục đích của Đức Chúa Trời cho sách Sáng thế ký là gì? +Sách Sáng - thế Ký nói rằng Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra một thế giới rất tốt lành. Tuy nhiên, thế giới đã bị rủa sả vì con người bắt đầu phạm tội. But Genesis shows that God continues to have complete control over the world. Sáng Thế Ký cũng mô tả sự khởi đầu chương trình của Đức Chúa Trời để chúc phước cho cả thế gian một lần nữa. Điều này được thể hiện khi Đức Chúa Trời lập giao ước với Áp-ra-ham. Với giao ước này, Đức Chúa Trời đã chọn Áp-ra-ham và con cháu ông làm dân Ngài. Đức Chúa Trời hứa ban phước cho thế gian qua con cháu Áp-ra-ham. Phong tục thừa kế nào được mô tả trong Sáng thế ký? +Có vài đoạn trong Sáng - thế Ký cho thấy phong tục của một người cha sắp qua đời truyền lại lời chúc phước cho con mình. Áp - ra - ham chúc phước cho con trai là Y - sác và khiến Y - sác trở thành tổ phụ của dân Y - sơ - ra - ên. Tuy nhiên, Ích-ma-ên, con trai khác của Áp-ra-ham, đã không nhận được cùng phước hạnh thiên thượng đó. Tương tự, con trai lớn của Y - sác là Ê - sau đã không được ban phước. Nhưng con trai thứ của Y - sác là Gia - cốp đã nhận được. Ngoài ra, người ta cũng có phong tục chia gia tài và đất đai cho các con trai. Tất cả các con trai của ông đều nhận được phần bằng nhau, ngoại trừ người con cả. Con trưởng nam nhận được gấp đôi. Phần của ông được gọi là phần gấp đôi. Ê - sau từ bỏ quyền nhận phần gấp đôi. Sáng - thế Ký trình bày tội lỗi và sự gian ác như thế nào? +Sáng Thế Ký trình bày tội lỗi như là những việc làm trái với Lời Đức Chúa Trời và đường lối Ngài. Sáng thế ký trình bày sự gian ác như là trái ngược với điều thiện. Tội lỗi và điều ác đã ảnh hưởng đến tất cả mọi người. Điều này bắt đầu khi A-đam bất tuân Đức Chúa Trời trong vườn Ê-đen. Phần 3: NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ QUAN TRỌNG VỀ DỊCH THUẬT +Sáng - thế Ký đánh dấu phần đầu của những phần quan trọng bằng cách nào? +Sáng Thế Ký sử dụng một cụm từ Hê-bơ-rơ mà sau đó được dịch là "" đây là phần ghi chép về "" , "" đây là những sự kiện có liên quan "" , hoặc "" đây là những con cháu của "" . Thông tin trong những phần này có thể đến từ những nguồn lâu đời hơn Môi-se rất nhiều. Những phân đoạn này là 2: 4; 5: 1; 6: 9; 10: 1; 11: 10, 27; 25: 12, 19; 36: 1, 9; 37: 2. Nếu dịch giả chỉ muốn dịch theo hai cách, chúng tôi đề nghị trong hầu hết các đoạn một cụm từ như "" Đây là bản ghi chép về "" hoặc "" Đây là thông tin về "" . Tuy nhiên, một số đoạn sẽ được dịch tốt hơn, vì "" đây là những con cháu của "" . Tại sao khởi đầu của một số phần tường thuật trong Sáng Thế Ký là khó dịch? +Thường thì trong Sáng thế ký, tác giả trước hết tóm tắt những gì sắp xảy ra. Sau đó trong những câu sau, tác giả kể những chi tiết về những gì đã xảy ra. Những ví dụ có thể xảy ra về phong cách này xảy ra trong Sáng Thế Ký 1: 1, 6: 22, 18: 1, 21: 1 và 22: 1. Tuy nhiên, trong nhiều ngôn ngữ, người ta thích viết những tóm tắt ở cuối một câu chuyện. Trong trường hợp này, các dịch giả có thể chọn một cách tiếp cận khác. Chẳng hạn, trong Sáng - thế Ký 1: 1 ( "" Ban đầu Đức Chúa Trời dựng nên trời đất "" ) , các dịch giả có thể quyết định dịch như sau: "" Đây là cách Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra trời đất vào lúc ban đầu "" . Có sự khác biệt nào giữa "" người "" , "" các dân "" và "" các nhóm người "" ? +Từ "" người "" ám chỉ tất cả những cá nhân thuộc về một nhóm, chẳng hạn như "" dân Y-sơ-ra-ên. "" +Từ "" các dân tộc "" ( được dùng trong tiếng Hylạp ) ám chỉ nhiều nhóm người. Mỗi nhóm người có thể nói ngôn ngữ riêng của họ, có phong tục riêng của họ, và thờ phượng các thần riêng của họ. Một số dân khác nhau ở vùng cận đông xưa là dân Y - sơ - ra - ên, Ai Cập, Ê - đôm, Mô - áp và Am - môn. Từ ngữ "" các dân "" ( được dùng trong tiếng Ust ) có nghĩa giống như từ "" các dân "" trong tiếng ult. Người phiên dịch nên dùng từ ngữ tương đương nhất thường thấy trong ngôn ngữ công trình. Mối quan hệ giữa cá nhân và dân tộc có tên tương tự là gì? +Nhiều người trong sách Sáng - thế Ký cuối cùng có một số lượng lớn con cháu được gọi theo tên của tổ tiên họ. Chẳng hạn, cúc là tên của một cá nhân. Nhưng "" cúc "" cũng trở thành tên của một nước mà con cháu ông lập nên. Họ được gọi là "" Ê - thi - ô "" . Nếu có thể, khi dịch những tên này, dịch giả nên làm cho tên của cá nhân đó và tên của nước đó tương tự nhau. Những ví dụ về điều này là "" cút "" và "" Cu-si "" hoặc "" Mô - áp "" và "" Mô - áp "" . Nếu không, người dịch có thể nói "" dòng dõi của cút "" hoặc "" dòng dõi của Mô - áp "" . Những cụm từ "" cho đến ngày nay "" hoặc "" của ngày nay "" có nghĩa gì? +Những cụm từ này đã được người kể chuyện sử dụng để chỉ về thời gian khi ông đang viết. Người phiên dịch nên ý thức rằng "" cho đến ngày nay "" và "" của ngày nay "" chỉ về một thời gian đã trôi qua. Người phiên dịch có thể quyết định nói, "" Cho đến ngày nay, vào thời điểm điều này đang được viết ra, "" hoặc, "" cho đến ngày nay, vào thời điểm viết ra. "" +Cụm từ Hê-bơ-rơ này xuất hiện trong Sa 19: 37, 19: 38, 22: 14, 26: 33, 32: 32, 35: 20, 47: 26, 48: 18." +GEN 1 intro zb6f 0 "# Genesis 01 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter presents the first account of God creating the world. There is a pattern to this account: “God said…God saw that it was good…This was evening and morning, the first day.” Translators should preserve this pattern in their versions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### The universe

This account of creation is told within the framework of ancient Hebrew ideas about the universe: the earth was resting with water around it and below it. Over the earth was something like a vast dome, called “an expanse between the waters” (1:6), on top of which was more water. Translators should try to keep these original images in their work, even though readers in their project language might have a completely different idea of what the universe is like.

### Evening and morning

Genesis 1 presents the ancient Hebrew idea of a day: it begins with sunset, lasts through the night and continues through the daylight hours until the next sunset. This pattern should be preserved in translation, even if readers in the project language define “day” differently.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “In the beginning”

Some languages and cultures speak of the world as if it has always existed, as if it had no beginning. But “very long ago” is different from “in the beginning,” and you need to be sure that your translation communicates correctly.

### “God said, ‘Let there be’”

This expression occurs often in this chapter. It can be difficult to translate, because God is not shown as talking to a particular person. If God is talking to a thing, it is something not yet in existence. Translators should find the most natural way in the project language to signal the idea that God spoke things into existence; he created the world and the things in it by simply commanding that they should exist." "Genesis 01 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +This chapter presents the first accounof God created the world. Có một khuôn mẫu cho câu chuyện này: "" Đức Chúa Trời phán … Đức Chúa Trời thấy điều đó là tốt lành … ấy là buổi chiều và buổi mai; ấy là ngày thứ nhứt "" . Các dịch giả nên bảo tồn khuôn mẫu này trong các phiên bản của họ. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Vũ trụ +Câu chuyện về sự sáng tạo này được kể trong khuôn khổ những ý tưởng Hê-bơ-rơ cổ xưa về vũ trụ: trái đất được an nghỉ với nước xung quanh và bên dưới nó. Trên trái đất giống như một vòm khổng lồ, được gọi là "" khoảng - không giữa các nước "" ( 1: 6 ) , trên đó có nhiều nước hơn. Những người dịch Kinh Thánh nên cố gắng giữ lại những hình ảnh nguyên thủy này trong tác phẩm của mình, dù độc giả trong ngôn ngữ nghiên cứu có thể có một ý niệm hoàn toàn khác về vũ trụ. Buổi tối và buổi sáng +Sáng - thế Ký 1 trình bày ý tưởng của người Hê - bơ - rơ xưa về một ngày: bắt đầu từ lúc mặt trời lặn, kéo dài suốt đêm và tiếp tục cho đến khi mặt trời lặn. Kiểu mẫu này nên được lưu giữ trong bản dịch, ngay cả khi độc giả trong ngôn ngữ dự án định nghĩa "" ngày "" theo cách khác. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác trong việc dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Lúc ban đầu "" +Một số ngôn ngữ và nền văn hóa nói về thế giới như thể nó đã luôn luôn tồn tại, như thể nó không có ban đầu. Nhưng "" cách đây rất lâu rồi "" khác với "" lúc ban đầu "" , và bạn cần chắc chắn rằng bản dịch của bạn nói đúng. "" Đức Chúa Trời phán rằng: Phải có "" +Thành ngữ này thường xuất hiện trong chương này. Nó có thể khó dịch, vì Đức Chúa Trời không nói chuyện với một người nào đó. Nếu Đức Chúa Trời đang nói chuyện với một vật, thì đó là một vật chưa có. Các dịch giả nên tìm cách tự nhiên nhất trong ngôn ngữ trình bày để báo hiệu ý tưởng là Đức Chúa Trời nói sự vật hiện hữu; Ngài tạo ra thế gian và những vật trong đó chỉ bằng cách ra lệnh cho chúng hiện hữu." +GEN 1 1 f2mg 0 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth “This is about how God made the heavens and the earth in the beginning.” This statement summarizes the rest of the chapter. Some languages translate it as “A very long time ago God created the heavens and the earth.” Translate it in a way that shows this actually happened and is not just a folk story. """ Đây nói về cách Đức Chúa Trời đã tạo dựng trời và đất trong buổi ban đầu. "" +Câu nói này tóm tắt phần còn lại của chương. Một số ngôn ngữ dịch câu này là "" cách đây rất lâu Đức Chúa Trời đã tạo ra trời và đất "" . Hãy dịch câu này theo cách cho thấy điều này thật sự đã xảy ra và không chỉ là một câu chuyện dân gian." +GEN 1 1 d49e 0 In the beginning This refers to the start of the world and everything in it. Điều này ám chỉ sự khởi đầu của thế gian và mọi vật trong đó. +GEN 1 1 sk34 0 the heavens and the earth “the sky, the ground, and everything in them” """ Các từng trời, đất, và mọi vật ở trong đó """ +GEN 1 1 mz2j 0 heavens This refers here to the sky. Điều này ám chỉ ở đây về trời. +GEN 1 2 fn3q 0 without form and empty God had not yet put the world in order. Đức Chúa Trời vẫn chưa sắp xếp thế giới theo trật tự. +GEN 1 2 ta3a 0 the deep “the water” or “the deep water” or “the vast water” """ Nước "" hay "" vực sâu "" hoặc "" nước bao la """ +GEN 1 2 n2d9 0 the surface of the waters “the surface of the water” or “the water” """ Mặt nước "" hay "" mặt nước """ +GEN 1 3 d7qw figs-imperative 0 Let there be light This is a command. By commanding that light should exist, God made it exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh rằng sự sáng phải hiện hữu, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến nó hiện hữu. +GEN 1 4 h2r1 0 God saw the light, that it was good “God considered the light and was pleased with it.” “Good” here means “pleasing” or “suitable.” """ Đức Chúa Trời xem xét sự sáng và vui lòng với nó. "" +"" Tốt lành "" ở đây có nghĩa là "" làm vui lòng "" hoặc "" thích hợp "" ." +GEN 1 4 m8ue 0 divided the light from the darkness “separated the light and the darkness” or “made it light at one time and dark at another.” This refers to God creating the daytime and the night time. """ Phân - cách sự sáng với sự tối "" hoặc "" làm cho sự sáng một khi, và sự tối một khi khác "" . Điều này ám chỉ Đức Chúa Trời tạo dựng ban ngày và ban đêm." +GEN 1 5 gl7g 0 This was evening and morning, the first day God did these things on the first day that the universe existed. Đức Chúa Trời đã làm những điều này vào ngày đầu tiên mà vũ trụ tồn tại. +GEN 1 5 jc2d figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. +GEN 1 6 urb3 figs-imperative 0 Let there be an expanse…let it divide These are commands. By commanding that the expanse should exist and that it divide the waters, God made it exist and divide the waters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là những mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho không gian tồn tại và phân chia nước, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến nó tồn tại và phân chia nước. +GEN 1 6 t6zc 0 expanse large empty space. The Jewish people thought of this space as being shaped like the inside of dome or the inside of a bowl that is turned upside down. Một khoảng trống lớn. Người Do Thái nghĩ rằng không gian này có hình dạng như bên trong của mái vòm hoặc bên trong của một cái bát bị đảo lộn. +GEN 1 6 se1i 0 between the waters “in the water” """ Dưới nước """ +GEN 1 7 tq7f 0 God made the expanse and divided the waters “In this way God made the expanse and divided the waters.” When God spoke, it happened. This sentence explains what God did when he spoke. """ Đức Chúa Trời làm nên khoảng không, phân rẽ nước làm hai "" . Khi Đức Chúa Trời phán, điều đó đã xảy ra. Câu này giải thích điều Đức Chúa Trời đã làm khi Ngài phán." +GEN 1 7 mt8y 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện trong suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa ở bất cứ chỗ nào nó xuất hiện." +GEN 1 8 ss9r figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] . +GEN 1 8 s25m 0 the second day This refers to the second day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. "Điều này nói đến ngày thứ hai mà vũ trụ tồn tại. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" ngày thứ nhứt "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] và quyết định xem bạn có nên dịch ngày này giống như vậy không." +GEN 1 9 zu6f figs-activepassive 0 Let the waters…be gathered This can be translated with an active verb. This is a command. By commanding that the waters gather together, God made them gather together. Alternate translation: “Let the waters…gather” or “Let the waters…come together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch bằng động từ chủ động. Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh nước nhóm lại, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến họ nhóm lại với nhau. CÁCH DỊCH THAY THẾ: "" NƯỚC … HÃY NHÓM LẠI "" HAY "" NƯỚC … HÃY NHÓM LẠI """ +GEN 1 9 iv2c figs-imperative 0 let the dry land appear The water had covered the land. Now the water would move aside and some of the land would be uncovered. This is a command. By commanding that dry land should appear, God made it appear. Alternate translation: “let dry land become visible” or “let the dry land become clear” or “let the land be uncovered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Nước phủ kín mặt đất. Bây giờ nước sẽ chảy qua một bên và một phần đất sẽ lộ ra. Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho đất khô xuất hiện, Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho nó xuất hiện. Dịch cách khác: "" Hãy để đất khô hiện ra "" hoặc "" Hãy để đất khô hiện ra "" hoặc "" Hãy để đất lộ ra """ +GEN 1 9 l151 0 dry land This refers to land that is not covered with water. It does not refer to land that is too dry for farming. Điều này ám chỉ vùng đất không có nước bao phủ. Nó không ám chỉ vùng đất quá khô hạn để canh tác. +GEN 1 9 ha33 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện trong suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa ở bất cứ chỗ nào nó xuất hiện. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch nó trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 7 ] ." +GEN 1 10 g6hl 0 the dry land “earth,” and “the part that was dry ‘earth,’ and” """ Phần đất khô "" và """ +GEN 1 10 ey94 0 He saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the land and the sea. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). "Ở đây "" nó "" ám chỉ vùng đất và biển. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 4 ] ." +GEN 1 11 d9q7 figs-imperative 0 Let the earth sprout vegetation This is a command. By commanding that vegetation should sprout on the earth, God made it sprout. Alternate translation: “Let vegetation sprout up on the earth” or “Let vegetation grow on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho cây cỏ mọc lên trên đất, Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho nó đâm chồi. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy để cây cỏ mọc lên trên đất "" hoặc "" Hãy để cây cỏ mọc lên trên đất """ +GEN 1 11 q5yp 0 vegetation: plants yielding seed and fruit trees bearing fruit “vegetation, each plant that bears seed and each tree that bears fruit” or “vegetation. Let them be plants that produce seeds and fruit trees that produce fruit.” Here “vegetation” is used here as a general term that includes all plants and trees. """ Thực vật, mỗi loại cây sinh hạt giống và mỗi loại cây sinh quả "" hay "" thực vật "" . Hãy để cho cây sanh hột giống và cây sanh trái "" . Từ "" cây - cối "" ở đây được dùng như một từ tổng quát bao gồm tất cả cây cối." +GEN 1 11 ssc1 0 plants These are kinds of vegetation that have soft stems, rather than woody stems. Đây là những loại thực vật có thân mềm, chứ không phải thân gỗ. +GEN 1 11 v3v1 0 fruit trees bearing fruit whose seed is in the fruit “trees that bear fruit with seeds in them” """ Cây ra trái và kết hạt """ +GEN 1 11 j3au 0 each according to its own kind The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came from. In this way, the plants and trees would “reproduce themselves” . "Hạt giống sẽ sinh ra cây cối giống như nguồn gốc của chúng. Bằng cách này, cây cối sẽ "" tự sinh sản "" ." +GEN 1 11 fx6h 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning wherever it appears. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện trong suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa ở bất cứ chỗ nào nó xuất hiện. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 7 ] ." +GEN 1 12 d6s3 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the vegetation, plants, and trees. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md). "Ở đây "" nó "" chỉ về thực vật, cây cỏ và cây cối. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 10 ] ." +GEN 1 13 ch8e figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] . +GEN 1 13 vw3s 0 the third day This refers to the third day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. "Điều này nói đến ngày thứ ba mà vũ trụ tồn tại. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" ngày thứ nhứt "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] và quyết định xem bạn có nên dịch chữ này giống như vậy không." +GEN 1 14 sr8w figs-imperative 0 Let there be lights in the sky This is a command. By commanding that lights should exist, God made them exist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh rằng những ngọn đèn nên tồn tại, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến chúng tồn tại. +GEN 1 14 g95y 0 lights in the sky “things that shine in the sky” or “things that give light in the sky.” This refers to the sun, moon, and stars. """ Vật tỏa sáng trên bầu trời "" hay "" vật mang lại ánh sáng trên bầu trời "" . Điều này ám chỉ mặt trời, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao." +GEN 1 14 t7b1 0 in the sky “in the expanse of the sky” or “in the large space of the sky” """ Trong khoảng không trên trời "" hoặc "" trong khoảng không trên trời """ +GEN 1 14 uw3r 0 to divide the day from the night “to separate the day from the night.” This means “to help us tell the difference between day and night.” The sun means it is daytime, and the moon and stars mean it is nighttime. """ Để tách ngày ra khỏi đêm. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là "" giúp chúng ta phân biệt giữa ngày và đêm. "" +Mặt trời có nghĩa là ban ngày, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao có nghĩa là ban đêm." +GEN 1 14 m2r4 figs-imperative 0 let them be as signs This is a command. By commanding that they should serve as signs, God made them serve as signs. Alternate translation: “Let them serve as signs” or “let them show” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh họ phải làm dấu hiệu, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến họ làm dấu hiệu. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy làm dấu hiệu "" hoặc "" Hãy cho thấy """ +GEN 1 14 e4bt 0 signs Here this means something that reveals or points to something. Ở đây có nghĩa là một điều gì đó tiết lộ hay chỉ đến một điều gì đó. +GEN 1 14 x7vq 0 for seasons, for days and years The sun, moon, and stars show the passing of time. This enables us to know when it is time for events that happen each week, month, or year. Mặt trời, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao cho thấy thời gian trôi qua. Điều này giúp chúng ta biết khi nào những biến cố xảy ra mỗi tuần, mỗi tháng hoặc mỗi năm. +GEN 1 14 ln32 0 seasons times that are set aside for festivals and other things that people do Thời gian dành cho lễ hội và những việc khác mà người ta làm +GEN 1 15 q4ne figs-imperative 0 Let them be lights in the sky to give light upon the earth This is a command. By commanding that they should light the earth, God made them light the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho họ chiếu sáng trái đất, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến họ chiếu sáng trái đất. +GEN 1 15 p48m 0 to give light upon the earth “to shine light on the earth” or “to brighten the earth.” The earth does not self-shine but it is lit and so reflects light. """ Để soi sáng đất "" hoặc "" soi sáng đất "" . Trái đất không tự chiếu sáng nhưng được chiếu sáng và do đó phản chiếu ánh sáng." +GEN 1 15 y2g4 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện xuyên suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 7 ] ." +GEN 1 16 p5cz 0 God made the two great lights “In this way God made the two great lights.” This sentence explains what God did when he spoke. """ Bằng cách này Đức Chúa Trời đã làm nên hai ngọn đèn vĩ đại. "" +Câu này giải thích điều Đức Chúa Trời đã làm khi Ngài phán." +GEN 1 16 z4uy 0 the two great lights “the two large lights” or “the two bright lights.” The two great lights are the sun and the moon. """ Hai ngọn đèn lớn "" hay "" hai ngọn đèn sáng. "" +Hai ngọn đèn vĩ đại là mặt trời và mặt trăng." +GEN 1 16 byf5 figs-personification 0 to rule the day The lights that controlled the day are spoken of as if they were a human ruler that controlled what people do. Alternate translation: “to direct the daytime as a ruler directs a group of people” or “to mark the times of the day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Những ánh sáng kiểm soát ban ngày được nói đến như thể chúng là một vị vua con người kiểm soát những gì con người làm. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Điều khiển ban ngày như một vị vua điều khiển một nhóm người "" hoặc "" đánh dấu các thời kỳ trong ngày "" ." +GEN 1 16 ce4u 0 day This refers only to the daylight hours. Điều này chỉ đề cập đến giờ ban ngày. +GEN 1 16 a3ky 0 the lesser light “the smaller light” or “the dimmer light” """ Ánh sáng nhỏ hơn "" hay "" ánh sáng mờ ảo """ +GEN 1 17 n5jb 0 in the sky “in the heavens” or “in the open space of the sky” """ Trong các từng trời "" hay "" trong khoảng không thoáng đãng của bầu trời """ +GEN 1 18 uz9k 0 to divide the light from the darkness “to separate the light from the darkness” or “to make it light at one time and dark at another.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). """ Để phân rẽ sự sáng với sự tối "" hoặc "" để làm cho nó sáng một lúc và tối một lúc khác "" . Hãy xem bạn dịch câu này như thế nào trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 4 ] ." +GEN 1 18 ugh9 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the sun, moon, and stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). "Ở đây "" nó "" ám chỉ mặt trời, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 4 ] ." +GEN 1 19 ds1l figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] . +GEN 1 19 ukw9 0 the fourth day This refers to the fourth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. "Điều này nói đến ngày thứ tư mà vũ trụ tồn tại. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" ngày thứ nhứt "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] và quyết định xem bạn có nên dịch chữ này giống như vậy không." +GEN 1 20 uw3u figs-imperative 0 Let the waters be filled with great numbers of living creatures This is a command. By commanding that living creatures should fill the waters, God made them exist. Some languages may have one word that refers to all kinds of fish and sea animals. Alternate translation: “Let the waters be full of many living things” or “Let many animals that swim live in the oceans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho các sinh vật lấp đầy nước, Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra chúng hiện hữu. Một số ngôn ngữ có thể có một từ để chỉ tất cả các loài cá và động vật biển. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nước phải đầy các sinh vật "" hoặc "" Nhiều động vật biết bơi phải sống trong đại dương """ +GEN 1 20 g6cj figs-imperative 0 let birds fly This is a command. By commanding that birds should fly, God made them fly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho chim bay, Đức Chúa Trời khiến chúng bay. +GEN 1 20 p48l 0 birds “animals that fly” or “flying things” """ Động vật biết bay "" hay "" vật biết bay """ +GEN 1 20 mqw4 0 the expanse of the sky “the open space of the sky” or “the sky” """ The Open Space of the Sky "" hay "" The Sky """ +GEN 1 21 ks9m 0 God created “In this way God created” """ Theo cách này Đức Chúa Trời dựng nên """ +GEN 1 21 j9az 0 great sea creatures “large animals that live in the sea” """ Các loài động vật lớn ở dưới biển """ +GEN 1 21 hum1 0 after its kind Living things of the same “kind” are like the ones they came from. See how you translated “kind” in [Genesis 1:11,12](./11.md). "Những sinh vật sống cùng "" loại "" giống như những sinh vật sống bắt nguồn từ đó. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" loại "" trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 1: 11,12 ] ( . / 11.MD ) ." +GEN 1 21 p614 0 every winged bird “every flying thing that has wings.” If the word for birds is used, it may be more natural in some languages to simply say “every bird,” since all birds have wings. """ Mọi loài biết bay đều có cánh. "" +Nếu dùng từ "" chim "" , thì trong một số ngôn ngữ, từ "" mọi loài chim "" có lẽ tự nhiên hơn, vì mọi loài chim đều có cánh." +GEN 1 21 s322 0 God saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the birds and the fish. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). "Ở đây "" nó "" ám chỉ loài chim và loài cá. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 4 ] ." +GEN 1 22 y1bp 0 blessed them “blessed the animals that he had made” """ Chúc phước cho các thú - vật Ngài đã làm nên """ +GEN 1 22 ti8f figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful and multiply This is God’s blessing. He told the sea animals to produce more sea animals like themselves, so that there would be many of them in the seas. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là ơn phước của Đức Chúa Trời. Ngài bảo các sinh vật biển sinh ra nhiều sinh vật biển như chúng, hầu cho sẽ có nhiều chúng trong biển. Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách chúng phải "" sanh - sản "" ." +GEN 1 22 e4tn 0 multiply increase greatly in number Tăng rất nhiều về số lượng +GEN 1 22 lm9s figs-imperative 0 Let birds multiply This is a command. By commanding that birds should multiply, God made birds multiply. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh cho loài chim sinh sản, Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho loài chim sinh sản. +GEN 1 22 sg3v 0 birds “animals that fly” or “flying things.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:20](../01/20.md). """ Động vật biết bay "" hay "" vật biết bay "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này trong Sáng - thế Ký 1: 20." +GEN 1 23 kpz8 figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] . +GEN 1 23 ne8k 0 the fifth day This refers to the fifth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. "Điều này nói đến ngày thứ Năm mà vũ trụ tồn tại. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" ngày thứ nhứt "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] và quyết định xem bạn có nên dịch từ này giống như vậy không." +GEN 1 24 ke21 figs-imperative 0 Let the earth produce living creatures “Let the earth produce living things” or “Let many living animals live on the earth.” This is a command. By commanding that the earth should produce living creatures, God made the earth produce living creatures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) """ Đất phải sanh các vật sống "" hoặc "" nhiều vật sống ở trên đất "" . Đây là một mệnh lệnh. Bằng cách ra lệnh rằng trái đất phải sanh các vật sống, Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho trái đất sanh các vật sống." +GEN 1 24 x6eu 0 each according to its own kind “so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind” """ Hầu cho mỗi loài súc - vật sẽ sanh nhiều ra trong đồng - loại mình """ +GEN 1 24 m1pi 0 livestock, creeping things, and beasts of the earth This shows that God created all kinds of animals. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. Điều này cho thấy Đức Chúa Trời dựng nên mọi loài vật. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có một cách khác để nhóm tất cả các loài động vật, bạn có thể sử dụng cách đó, hoặc bạn có thể sử dụng các nhóm này. +GEN 1 24 g2m4 0 livestock animals that people look after Động vật mà con người chăm sóc +GEN 1 24 yk9w 0 creeping things “small animals” """ Loài thú nhỏ """ +GEN 1 24 r6l3 0 beasts of the earth “wild animals” or “dangerous animals” """ Thú rừng "" hay "" thú dữ """ +GEN 1 24 l3v2 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện xuyên suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 7 ] ." +GEN 1 25 m7h6 0 God made the beasts “In this way God made the beasts” """ Đức Chúa Trời làm nên các loài thú khác """ +GEN 1 25 s88h 0 He saw that it was good Here “it” refers to the living creatures on the earth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:4](../01/04.md). "Ở đây "" nó "" ám chỉ các sinh vật sống trên đất. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 4 ] ." +GEN 1 26 x8fd figs-pronouns 0 Let us make The word “us” here refers to God. God was saying what he intended to do. The pronoun “us” is plural. Possible reasons for the plural use are (1) the plural form suggests that God is discussing something with the angels that make up his heavenly court or (2) the plural form foreshadows the later New Testament implications that God exists in the form of the Holy Trinity. Some translate it as “Let me make” or “I will make.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) "Chữ "" chúng ta "" ở đây ám chỉ về Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời đang nói điều Ngài dự định làm. Đại từ "" chúng ta "" là số nhiều. Có thể lý do Ngài dùng số nhiều là ( 1 ) dạng số nhiều cho thấy Đức Chúa Trời đang thảo luận điều gì đó với các thiên sứ hợp thành tòa án trên trời của Ngài hoặc ( 2 ) dạng số nhiều báo trước những hàm ý sau này trong Tân Ước về việc Đức Chúa Trời hiện hữu dưới dạng Chúa Ba Ngôi Thánh. Một số người dịch từ này là "" Hãy để tôi làm "" hoặc "" Tôi sẽ làm "" . Nếu bạn làm thế, hãy xem xét thêm một cước chú để nói rằng từ này là số nhiều." +GEN 1 26 xk37 0 man human beings Human beings +GEN 1 26 kt75 figs-doublet 0 in our image, after our likeness These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. Alternate translation: “to truly be like us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) "Hai cụm từ nầy có ý nói cùng một việc và nhấn mạnh rằng Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho nhân loại trở nên giống như Ngài. Câu này không cho biết Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra loài người giống Ngài theo những cách nào. Đức Chúa Trời không có thân thể, vì vậy không có nghĩa là loài người sẽ giống Đức Chúa Trời. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Thật sự giống chúng ta """ +GEN 1 26 st51 0 have dominion over “rule over” or “have authority over” """ Cai - trị "" hay "" cầm quyền """ +GEN 1 27 qip4 figs-parallelism 0 God created man…he created him These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in his own image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Hai câu này có nghĩa là cùng một điều và nhấn mạnh rằng Đức Chúa Trời tạo dựng con người theo hình ảnh của chính Ngài. +GEN 1 27 r7sx 0 God created man The way that God created man was different from the way he created everything else. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking, as in the preceding verses. Cách Đức Chúa Trời tạo dựng con người khác với cách Ngài tạo dựng mọi vật khác. Đừng nói rằng Ngài tạo ra con người chỉ bằng cách nói, như trong những câu trước đó. +GEN 1 28 uiq2 0 God blessed them The word “them” refers to the man and woman God had created. "Từ "" chúng nó "" ám chỉ người nam và người nữ mà Đức Chúa Trời đã tạo dựng." +GEN 1 28 tfr1 figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful, and multiply God told the man and the woman to produce more people like themselves so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:22](../01/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đức Chúa Trời bảo người nam và người nữ sinh ra thêm nhiều người giống như họ để sẽ có nhiều người giống như họ. Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách họ phải "" sanh - sản "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 22 ] ." +GEN 1 28 a7nj 0 Fill the earth Fill the earth with people. Hãy làm đầy trái đất với con người. +GEN 1 30 j3is 0 General Information: God continues speaking. Chúa tiếp tục phán. +GEN 1 30 vc53 0 every bird of the heavens “all the birds that fly in the sky” """ Mọi loài chim bay trên trời """ +GEN 1 30 etp6 0 that has the breath of life “that breathes.” This phrase emphasizes that these animals had a different kind of life than the plants. Plants do not breathe, and were to be used as food for the animals. Here “life” means physical life. """ Còn thở. "" +Cụm từ này nhấn mạnh rằng những động vật này có một loại sự sống khác với thực vật. Thực vật không thở, và phải được sử dụng làm thức ăn cho động vật. Ở đây "" sự sống "" có nghĩa là sự sống vật chất." +GEN 1 30 di9p 0 It was so “It happened like that” or “That is what happened.” What God commanded happened just as he said it should. This phrase appears throughout the chapter and has the same meaning. See how you translated it in [Genesis 1:7](../01/07.md). """ Nó đã xảy ra như thế "" hay "" đó là điều đã xảy ra. "" +Điều Đức Chúa Trời truyền cho đã xảy ra đúng như Ngài đã phán. Cụm từ này xuất hiện xuyên suốt chương và có cùng một ý nghĩa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 7 ] ." +GEN 1 31 re3q 0 Behold, it “This is true and important: it” """ Điều này là đúng và quan trọng: nó """ +GEN 1 31 r2m5 0 it was very good Now when God looked at everything he had made, it was “very good. “See how you translated “it was good” in [Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md). "Bây giờ khi Đức Chúa Trời nhìn vào mọi việc Ngài đã làm, thì thấy là "" tốt lắm. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" tốt - lành "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 10 ] ." +GEN 1 31 stn7 figs-merism 0 evening and morning This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Điều này ám chỉ cả ngày. Tác giả nói về cả ngày như thể đó là hai phần này. Trong văn hóa Do Thái, một ngày bắt đầu khi mặt trời lặn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] . +GEN 1 31 vqp1 0 the sixth day This refers to the sixth day that the universe existed. See how you translated “the first day” in [Genesis 1:5](../01/05.md) and decide if you should translate this the same way. "Điều này ám chỉ đến ngày thứ Sáu mà vũ trụ tồn tại. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" ngày thứ nhứt "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 5 ] và quyết định xem bạn có nên dịch từ này giống như vậy không." +GEN 2 intro nfp7 0 "# Genesis 02 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Gen. 2:1-3 ends the first creation account, begun in the previous chapter. The second creation account, beginning in 2:4, is very different, using a more natural, story-telling style instead of following a set formula using repeated phrases. Translators should try to imitate this difference in their versions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### The second creation account in Gen. 2:4-25

Gen. 2:4-25 presents an account of creation from a different viewpoint than the one given in Gen. 1:1-2:3. This second account should be regarded as filling out the first account, not as conflicting with it.

### Yahweh, the name of God

“Yahweh,” the personal name of God in the Old Testament, appears for the first time in this chapter. Translators must decide how to represent it in their versions. For 2,000 years, it has been traditional for many Christians to represent it with the term “the Lord.” Indeed, it is demanded by Roman Catholics for their Bible versions to continue doing this. Of course, the disadvantage of using “the Lord” is that this is a title for God, not a personal name. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]])

Translators who are not producing versions for Roman Catholics can consider transliterating the name “Yahweh,” approximating the name as best as their project languages allow.

Or translators can consider using expressions for the supreme god that might exist in their project languages, such as, “The Great One,” “The Ruler of All,” “The One who Never Sleeps,” etc. Of course, these are descriptive titles, not personal names, so they suffer from the same disadvantages that “the Lord” has.

Translators can also consider pairing a transliteration of “Yahweh” with a meaningful title for the supreme god in the project language. Whatever solution is found should be followed consistently when the name “Yahweh” occurs in the Scriptures.

### The Garden of Eden

This was not a vegetable garden or cultivated field. Instead, it was probably a large area of land with fruit trees and other plants bearing leaves, etc., that were good to eat. A river flowed out from the Garden of Eden, giving the impression that the Garden was a holy place; in the ancient Near East, temples had gardens and waterways. In Rev. 22:1-2, the throne of God in the New Jerusalem is pictured with a river flowing out from it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])" "Genesis 02 General Notes +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Genesis 2: 1 - 3 Ends the First Creation Account, began in the previous chapter. Phần tường thuật về sự sáng tạo thứ hai, bắt đầu ở 2: 4, rất khác biệt, sử dụng phong cách kể chuyện tự nhiên hơn thay vì theo một công thức ấn định bằng cách sử dụng những cụm từ lặp đi lặp lại. Các dịch giả nên cố gắng bắt chước sự khác biệt này trong các phiên bản của họ. Các khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Tường thuật về sự sáng tạo thứ hai trong Sa 2: 4 - 25 +Sáng Thế Ký 2: 4 - 25 trình bày một tường thuật về sự sáng tạo từ một quan điểm khác hơn là tường thuật được đưa ra trong Sáng Thế Ký 1: 1 - 2: 3. Sự tường thuật thứ hai này nên được coi là điền vào sự tường thuật thứ nhất, chứ không phải là mâu thuẫn với nó. Yahweh, Danh của Đức Chúa Trời +"" Yahweh "" , danh riêng của Đức Chúa Trời trong Cựu Ước, xuất hiện lần đầu tiên trong chương này. Các dịch giả phải quyết định cách trình bày danh ấy trong các bản dịch của họ. Trong 2.000 năm, nhiều Cơ Đốc nhân đã có truyền thống trình bày danh ấy bằng từ "" Chúa "" . Thật vậy, người Công giáo La Mã đòi hỏi các bản dịch Kinh - thánh của họ phải tiếp tục làm thế. Dĩ nhiên, bất lợi của việc dùng từ "" Chúa "" là đây là tước hiệu dành cho Đức Chúa Trời, chứ không phải danh riêng. Những dịch giả không dịch Kinh Thánh cho người Công giáo La Mã có thể xem xét việc dịch danh "" Yahweh "" , gần giống như danh tốt nhất mà ngôn ngữ dự án của họ cho phép. Hoặc các dịch giả có thể xem xét việc dùng những cụm từ dành cho Đức Chúa Trời tối cao có thể có trong ngôn ngữ dự án của họ, chẳng hạn như "" Đấng vĩ đại "" , "" Đấng cai trị muôn vật "" , "" Đấng không bao giờ ngủ "" v.v. Dĩ nhiên, đây là những tước hiệu mang tính miêu tả, chứ không phải tên riêng, vì thế họ cũng gặp những bất lợi như "" Chúa "" . Các dịch giả cũng có thể xem xét việc ghép cặp danh hiệu "" Yahweh "" với danh hiệu có ý nghĩa đối với Đức Chúa Trời tối cao trong ngôn ngữ của công trình. Bất cứ giải pháp nào được tìm thấy nên được tuân thủ nhất quán khi danh "" Yahweh "" xuất hiện trong Kinh Thánh. Vườn Ê - đen +Đây không phải là một vườn rau hay một cánh đồng được canh tác. Thay vì thế, có lẽ đây là một vùng đất rộng lớn có cây ăn trái và các loại cây khác có lá, v.v. . . , là nơi ăn ngon. Một con sông chảy ra từ vườn Ê - đen, tạo ấn tượng rằng vườn là một nơi thánh; trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, các đền thờ có vườn và đường thủy. Trong Khải - huyền +Trong Khải huyền 22: 1 - 2, ngôi của Đức Chúa Trời tại Giê-ru-sa-lem mới được mô tả với một dòng sông chảy ra từ đó." +GEN 2 1 c32g 0 the heavens “the sky” or “the skies” """ Bầu trời "" hay "" bầu trời """ +GEN 2 1 u4a2 0 and all the living things that filled them “and all the many living things that are in them” or “and all the crowds of living things in them” """ Và mọi vật sống ở trong đó "" hay là "" và cả đoàn dân đông ở trong đó """ +GEN 2 1 yv5z figs-activepassive 0 were finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God had finished creating them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã hoàn tất việc tạo ra chúng """ +GEN 2 2 hi76 0 On the seventh day God came to the end of his work God did not work at all on the seventh day. Đức Chúa Trời đã không làm việc gì cả trong ngày thứ bảy. +GEN 2 2 qf2n figs-idiom 0 came to the end of This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “had finished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Đã làm xong """ +GEN 2 2 a69h 0 he rested on the seventh day from all his work “on that day he did not work” """ Trong ngày đó, Ngài không làm việc chi hết """ +GEN 2 3 k8jv 0 God blessed the seventh day Possible meanings are (1) God caused the seventh day to produce good result or (2) God said that the seventh day was good. Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) Đức Chúa Trời khiến ngày thứ bảy sinh ra kết quả tốt hoặc ( 2 ) Đức Chúa Trời phán rằng ngày thứ bảy là tốt lành. +GEN 2 3 k5p6 0 sanctified it “set it apart” or “called it his own” """ Biệt riêng nó ra "" hay "" Gọi nó là của mình """ +GEN 2 3 dc8y 0 in it he rested from all his work “on it he did not work” """ Ngài không ngự trên ngôi ấy """ +GEN 2 4 br8g 0 General Information: The rest of Genesis 2 tells about how God created people on the sixth day. Phần còn lại của Sáng Thế Ký 2 kể về cách Đức Chúa Trời tạo dựng con người vào ngày thứ Sáu. +GEN 2 4 f65q 0 These were the events concerning the heavens and the earth “This is the account of the heavens and the earth” or “This is the story about the heavens and the earth.” Possible meanings are (1) it is a summary of the events described in Genesis 1:1-2:3 or (2) it introduces the events described in Genesis 2. If possible, translate this so that people can understood it either way. """ This is the Account of the Heavens and the earth "" or "" this is the story about the Heavens and the earth. "" +Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) đây là lời tóm tắt các biến cố được miêu tả nơi Sáng - thế Ký 1: 1 - 2: 3 hoặc ( 2 ) đây là lời giới thiệu các biến cố được miêu tả nơi Sáng - thế Ký 2. Nếu có thể, hãy dịch câu này để người ta có thể hiểu theo cách nào cũng được." +GEN 2 4 e8kg 0 they were created “Yahweh God created them.” In chapter 1 the writer always speaks of God as “God,” but in chapter 2 he always speaks of God as “Yahweh God.” """ Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời đã dựng nên họ. "" +Trong chương 1, trước giả luôn gọi Đức Chúa Trời là "" Đức Chúa Trời "" , nhưng trong chương 2, ông luôn gọi Đức Chúa Trời là "" Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời "" ." +GEN 2 4 j1fv 0 on the day that Yahweh God made “when Yahweh God created.” The word “day” refers to the whole time span of the creation, not to just one particular day. """ Khi Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời dựng nên. "" +Từ "" ngày "" đề cập đến toàn bộ khoảng thời gian của sự sáng tạo, chứ không chỉ một ngày cụ thể." +GEN 2 4 rpv8 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. Đây là danh của Đức Chúa Trời mà Ngài đã mặc khải cho dân sự Ngài trong Cựu Ước. See the Translation ationword page about Yahweh concerning how to translation this. +GEN 2 5 s14i 0 No bush of the field no shrubs growing in the wild that animals might eat No shrubs growing in the wild that animals might eat +GEN 2 5 rk64 0 no plant of the field no leafy plants like vegetables or greens that both animals and humans can eat Không có loại thực vật nhiều lá nào như rau hay rau xanh mà cả động vật và con người đều có thể ăn +GEN 2 5 ef6d 0 to cultivate to do everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well Làm tất cả những gì cần thiết để cây cối phát triển tốt. +GEN 2 6 xfl8 0 mist Possible meanings are (1) something like dew or morning fog o (2) springs from underground streams. Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) một cái gì đó như sương hay sương mù buổi sáng O ( 2 ) suối từ những dòng suối ngầm. +GEN 2 6 v3yt 0 the whole surface of the ground the entire earth Toàn bộ trái đất +GEN 2 7 id8h 0 formed man “molded man” or “shaped man” or “created man” """ Con người rập khuôn "" hoặc "" Con người có hình dạng "" hoặc "" Con người được tạo dựng """ +GEN 2 7 dk8k 0 man…man “a human being…the human” or “a person…the person” not specifically a male """ Một con người … một con người "" hay "" một người … một người "" không phải là một người nam cụ thể" +GEN 2 7 hjr4 0 his nostrils “his nose” """ Lỗ mũi ngài """ +GEN 2 7 ix5v 0 breath of life “breath that makes things live.” Here “life” refers to physical life. """ Hơi thở làm cho mọi vật sống động. "" +Ở đây "" sự sống "" ám chỉ sự sống vật chất." +GEN 2 8 ezu8 0 a garden This could have been an orchard of fruit trees or an area with all kinds of trees. Đây có thể là một vườn cây ăn quả hoặc một khu vực với tất cả các loại cây. +GEN 2 8 mn4d 0 eastward in the east Ở phía đông +GEN 2 9 rq2t 0 the tree of life “the tree that gives people life” """ Cây sự sống """ +GEN 2 9 ff9d 0 life Here this means “eternal life” or life that does not end. "Ở đây có nghĩa là "" sự sống đời đời "" hay sự sống không hề chấm dứt." +GEN 2 9 p743 0 the tree of the knowledge of good and evil “the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil” or “the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things” """ Cây biết điều thiện và điều ác "" hoặc "" Cây biết điều thiện và điều ác "" hoặc "" Cây biết điều thiện và điều ác """ +GEN 2 9 rp99 figs-merism 0 good and evil This is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. Alternate translation: “everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) "Đây là một lối nói ám chỉ cả hai thái cực và mọi sự ở giữa. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Mọi điều, kể cả điều thiện và điều ác """ +GEN 2 9 r1nw 0 in the midst of the garden “in the middle of the garden.” The two trees may not have been in the exact center of the garden. """ Ở giữa vườn. "" +Hai cái cây có thể không nằm chính giữa khu vườn." +GEN 2 10 qg1f 0 A river went out of Eden to water the garden The garden was in Eden. The river continued to flow outside of Eden. “A river flowed through Eden to water the garden” "Khu vườn nằm trong vườn Ê-đen. Dòng sông tiếp tục chảy bên ngoài vườn Ê - đen. "" Có một con sông từ vườn ê - đen chảy ra đặng tưới vườn """ +GEN 2 11 nw6i translate-names 0 Pishon This is the only time this river is referred to in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là lần duy nhất dòng sông này được đề cập đến trong Kinh Thánh. +GEN 2 11 k6gw translate-names 0 the whole land of Havilah “the whole land called Havilah.” It was somewhere in the Arabian Desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Cả xứ gọi là Ha-vi-la. "" +Đó là một nơi nào đó trong sa mạc Ả-rập." +GEN 2 11 i82f figs-distinguish 0 where there is gold This phrase gives information about Havilah. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “There is gold in Havilah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Cụm từ này đưa ra thông tin về Havilah. Một số ngôn ngữ sẽ dịch nó thành một câu riêng biệt. Một cách dịch khác: "" Có vàng ở Havilah """ +GEN 2 12 x7hc 0 There are also bdellium and the onyx stone The word “there” is placed first in the sentence for emphasis. Alternate translation: “This is also where people can find bdellium and onyx stones” "Chữ "" tại đó "" được đặt trước nhất trong câu để nhấn mạnh. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Đây cũng là nơi người ta có thể tìm thấy Bdellium và đá mã não """ +GEN 2 12 zst7 translate-unknown 0 bdellium This resin comes from a tree and smells nice. A resin is sticky stuff that comes out of some trees and can burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Nhựa cây này đến từ một cái cây và có mùi thơm. Nhựa cây rất dễ dính và có thể bị cháy khi phun ra khỏi một vài cái cây. +GEN 2 12 eyf8 translate-unknown 0 the onyx stone “onyx stones.” Onyx is a certain kind of beautiful stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) """ Đá mã não. "" +Mã não là một loại đá đẹp." +GEN 2 13 tr82 translate-names 0 Gihon This is the only mention of this river in the Bible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là sự đề cập duy nhất về dòng sông này trong Kinh Thánh. +GEN 2 13 lzz9 0 flows throughout the whole land of Cush The river did not cover the whole land, but wound through various parts of the land. Con sông không bao phủ toàn bộ vùng đất, nhưng uốn lượn qua nhiều vùng khác nhau của vùng đất. +GEN 2 13 hc9p 0 the whole land of Cush “the entire land called Cush” """ Cả xứ gọi là Cúc """ +GEN 2 14 trw5 figs-distinguish 0 which flows east of Ashur “which flows in the land east of the city of Ashur.” The Tigris River flows from north to south. The phrase “which flows east of Ashur” gives information about where the Tigris River is. Some languages would translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “It flows east of Ashur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) """ Nơi có sông chảy về phía đông thành A su rơ. "" +Sông Tigris chảy từ bắc xuống nam. Cụm từ "" chảy về phía đông thành A - su - rơ "" cho biết sông Tigris nằm ở đâu. Một số ngôn ngữ dịch thành một câu riêng biệt. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Nó chảy về phía đông Ashr """ +GEN 2 15 js9w 0 the garden of Eden “the garden that was in Eden” """ Vườn Ê - đen """ +GEN 2 15 e3ky 0 to work it “to cultivate it.” This means to do everything necessary so that the plants will grow well. """ Để nuôi dưỡng nó. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là làm mọi điều cần thiết để cây phát triển tốt." +GEN 2 15 r7v3 0 to maintain it to guard against anything bad happening in it Để bảo vệ chống lại bất cứ điều gì xấu xảy ra trong nó +GEN 2 16 c3wj 0 From every tree in the garden “The fruit of every tree in the garden” """ Trái của mọi cây trong vườn """ +GEN 2 16 b9cu figs-you 0 you This pronoun is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Đại từ này là số ít. +GEN 2 16 e4ij 0 may freely eat “may eat without restriction” """ Được ăn không hạn chế """ +GEN 2 17 ydc7 0 But from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you may not eat These words complete the command that begins with the words “From every tree in the garden you may freely eat” in verse 15. In some languages, it may be more natural to say what is not permitted and to then say what is permitted, as in the UST. "Những lời này hoàn tất mạng lệnh bắt đầu bằng những lời "" từ mỗi cây trong vườn ngươi được tự do ăn hoa quả "" trong câu 15. Trong một số ngôn ngữ, điều tự nhiên hơn là nói những gì không được phép và sau đó nói những gì được phép, như trong Ust." +GEN 2 17 l1vi 0 the tree of the knowledge of good and evil “the tree that gives people the ability to understand both good and evil” or “the tree that makes people who eat its fruit able to know good things and bad things.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). """ Cây biết điều thiện và điều ác "" hoặc "" Cây biết điều thiện và điều ác "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này trong Sáng Thế Ký 2: 9." +GEN 2 17 up23 0 you may not eat “I will not permit you to eat” or “you must not eat” """ Ta sẽ không cho phép các ngươi ăn "" hay "" các ngươi không được ăn """ +GEN 2 18 jeg8 0 I will make him a helper suitable for him “I will make a helper who is just right for him” """ Ta sẽ làm nên một kẻ giúp đỡ giống như nó """ +GEN 2 19 sb6j 0 every animal of the field and every bird of the sky The phrases “of the field” and “of the sky” tell where the animals and birds are usually found. Alternate translation: “all kinds of animals and birds” "Những cụm từ "" của đồng ruộng "" và "" của bầu trời "" cho biết nơi mà các loài thú và chim thường được tìm thấy. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mọi loại thú vật và chim trời """ +GEN 2 20 f5az 0 all the livestock “all the animals that people look after” """ Mọi loài thú mà người ta chăn """ +GEN 2 20 l5uf figs-activepassive 0 there was found no helper suitable for him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there was no companion that was right for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Không có người bạn đồng hành nào thích hợp với anh ấy """ +GEN 2 21 vnf4 0 caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man “caused the man to sleep intensely.” A deep sleep is a time of sleeping in which a person is not easily disturbed or wakened. """ Làm cho người đó ngủ mê "" . Ngủ sâu là giấc ngủ mà một người không dễ bị quấy rầy hoặc thức giấc." +GEN 2 21 m6wd 0 flesh This refers to the soft parts of the body like skin and muscle. Điều này ám chỉ đến những bộ phận mềm mại của cơ thể như da và cơ bắp. +GEN 2 22 i9u8 0 With the rib…he made a woman “From the rib…he formed a woman.” The rib was the material God made the woman from. """ Từ xương sườn … hắn tạo ra một người phụ nữ. "" +Xương sườn là chất liệu tạo ra người phụ nữ." +GEN 2 23 i7j8 0 This time, this one is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh “Finally, this one’s bones are like my bones, and her flesh is like my flesh.” After looking among all the animals for a partner and not finding one, he finally saw someone who was like him and could be his partner. The man was probably expressing his feeling of relief and joy. """ Rốt lại, xương của người nầy giống như xương tôi, thịt của người nầy giống như thịt tôi "" . Sau khi tìm kiếm trong tất cả các loài động vật một cộng sự nhưng không tìm được, cuối cùng ông đã tìm thấy một người nào đó giống như ông và có thể là cộng sự của ông. Người đàn ông này có lẽ đang biểu lộ cảm giác nhẹ nhõm và vui mừng." +GEN 2 23 s44p 0 She will be called ‘woman,’ because she was taken out of man The translator may want to write a footnote saying “The Hebrew word for ‘woman’ sounds like the Hebrew word for ‘man.’ "Người dịch có thể muốn viết một cước chú nói rằng: "" Từ Hê - bơ - rơ dịch là ' đàn bà ' nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ dịch là ' người đàn ông ' ." +GEN 2 24 yx3u 0 General Information: What follows is written by the author. The man did not say these things. Những gì sau đây do tác giả viết. Người đàn ông không nói những điều này. +GEN 2 24 v11k 0 Therefore a man “That is why a man” """ Ấy vì cớ đó mà người ta … """ +GEN 2 24 ydt1 0 a man will leave his father and his mother “a man will stop living in his father and mother’s home.” This is about men in general. It does not refer to any particular man at any particular time. """ Một người đàn ông sẽ không còn sống trong ngôi nhà của cha mẹ mình nữa. "" +Đây là về đàn ông nói chung. Nó không nói đến một người cụ thể nào vào một thời điểm cụ thể nào." +GEN 2 24 tr8p figs-idiom 0 they will become one flesh This idiom speaks of sexual activity as though the bodies that are together become one body. Alternate translation: “their two bodies will become one body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Thành ngữ này nói về hoạt động tình dục như thể các cơ thể kết hợp lại thành một cơ thể. Một cách dịch khác: "" Hai thân thể hợp thành một """ +GEN 2 25 h8mq 0 They were both naked The word “they” refers to the man and the woman that God had created. "Từ "" họ "" ám chỉ người nam và người nữ mà Đức Chúa Trời đã tạo dựng." +GEN 2 25 t8n2 0 naked “not wearing clothing” """ Không mặc áo """ +GEN 2 25 ir9e 0 but were not ashamed “they were not ashamed about being naked” """ Họ không xấu hổ vì khỏa thân """ +GEN 3 intro j7i3 0 # Genesis 03 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the second creation account that began in Gen. 2:4. But a new section of this account begins in 3:1. The ULT reads, “Now the serpent was more shrewd than any other beast of the field which Yahweh God had made,” because this is how the Scriptures introduce the serpent into the account. However, many languages prefer different ways to introduce new characters or things into stories, for example, “One of the wild animals made by God was the serpent” or “This is about the serpent, one of the wild animals that God had made.”

Scholars typically refer to the events of this chapter as “the fall” or “the fall of man” because sin is introduced into creation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Curses

In this chapter, God curses the man, the woman, and the serpent for their sins. In general, cursing is calling down God’s punishment on someone or something. In this chapter, however, it is God himself who is doing the cursing. Of course, he does not call down punishment on the man, the woman, and the serpent from someone else. Instead, he is promising that he himself will punish them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])

### Serpent
Most scholars believe that the serpent is Satan, even though his name is not used in this chapter. There are other places in Scripture where the serpent is used as an image for Satan. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Genesis 03 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Chương này tiếp tục phần tường thuật về sự sáng tạo thứ hai bắt đầu trong Sáng Thế Ký 2: 4. Tuy nhiên, một phần mới của phần tường thuật này bắt đầu trong 3: 1. "" Vả, trong các loài thú đồng mà Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời đã làm nên, có con rắn là giống quỉ quyệt hơn hết "" , vì đây là cách Kinh Thánh giới thiệu con rắn trong phần tường thuật. Tuy nhiên, nhiều ngôn ngữ thích những cách khác nhau để đưa những nhân vật hoặc sự vật mới vào câu chuyện, chẳng hạn, "" một trong những con thú đồng mà Đức Chúa Trời đã làm nên là con rắn "" hoặc "" đây là con rắn, một trong những con thú đồng mà Đức Chúa Trời đã làm nên "" . Các học giả thường gọi những sự kiện trong chương này là "" sự sa ngã "" hoặc "" sự sa ngã của loài người "" vì tội lỗi được đưa vào trong sự sáng tạo. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Sự rủa sả +Trong chương này, Đức Chúa Trời rủa sả người nam, người nữ và con rắn vì tội lỗi của họ. Nói chung, rủa sả là kêu gọi sự trừng phạt của Đức Chúa Trời trên ai đó hoặc điều gì đó. Tuy nhiên, trong đoạn này, chính Đức Chúa Trời là Đấng đang thực hiện sự rủa sả. Dĩ nhiên, Ngài không giáng hình phạt trên người nam, người nữ và con rắn từ một người nào khác. Thay vì thế, Ngài hứa rằng chính Ngài sẽ trừng phạt họ. CON RẮN +Đa số các học giả tin rằng con rắn là Sa - tan, dù tên của nó không được dùng trong đoạn này. Có những chỗ khác trong Kinh Thánh con rắn được sử dụng như một hình ảnh cho Sa-tan." +GEN 3 1 m3hl 0 Now The writer is beginning a new part of the story. Tác giả đang bắt đầu một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 3 1 v5dp 0 more shrewd “more cunning” or “smarter at getting what he wanted by telling lies” """ Xảo quyệt hơn "" hay "" khôn ngoan hơn trong việc đạt được điều mình muốn bằng cách nói dối """ +GEN 3 1 bp3b figs-rquestion 0 Has God really said, ‘You…garden’? The snake is pretending to be surprised that God has made this rule. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that God said, ‘You…garden.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Con rắn đang giả vờ ngạc nhiên là Đức Chúa Trời đã thực hiện sự cai trị này. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Tôi ngạc nhiên khi Đức Chúa Trời phán: ' Ngươi … vườn tược ' . """ +GEN 3 1 t1qz figs-you 0 You must not eat The word “you” is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Từ "" ngươi "" là số nhiều và chỉ về người nam và người nữ." +GEN 3 2 k94l 0 We may eat “We are allowed to eat” or “We have permission to eat” """ Chúng tôi được phép ăn "" hoặc "" Chúng tôi được phép ăn """ +GEN 3 3 ujz2 0 but concerning the fruit…garden, God said, ‘You may not eat it, nor may you touch it, or you will die These words are the end of Eve’s description of God’s command to them that begins with the words “We may eat” in verse 2. Eve told the serpent what God had permitted them to do first and then what God had told them not to do. Some languages would say what they were told not to do first and then say what they were allowed to do, as in the UST. "Những lời này là phần cuối của phần mô tả của Ê-va về mạng lệnh của Đức Chúa Trời dành cho những ai bắt đầu bằng những lời "" chúng ta được ăn "" trong câu 2. Ê-va nói với con rắn điều Đức Chúa Trời đã cho phép họ làm trước và sau đó là điều Đức Chúa Trời đã bảo họ không được làm. Một số ngôn ngữ nói những gì họ được bảo không được làm trước và rồi nói những gì họ được phép làm, như trong Anh ngữ." +GEN 3 3 b76r figs-you 0 You may not…nor may you…you will die The word “you” is plural and refers to the man and the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Từ "" ngươi "" là số nhiều và chỉ về người nam và người nữ." +GEN 3 3 n3h9 0 You may not eat it “You must not eat it” or “Do not eat it” """ Ngươi không được ăn "" hoặc "" không được ăn """ +GEN 3 3 dhv7 0 nor may you touch it “and you must not touch it” or “and do not touch it” """ Và bạn không được chạm vào nó "" hoặc "" và không được chạm vào nó """ +GEN 3 4 fw9n figs-you 0 You will…not die These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Những từ này nói đến người nam và người nữ và như vậy là kép hay số nhiều. +GEN 3 5 rvj9 figs-you 0 you…your…you These words refer to the man and the woman and so are dual or plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Những từ này nói đến người nam và người nữ và như vậy là kép hay số nhiều. +GEN 3 5 k8qs figs-idiom 0 your eyes will be opened “your eyes will open.” This idiom means “you will become aware of things” or “you will understand new things.” This meaning can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “It will be as though your eyes were opened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Your eyes will open. "" +Thành ngữ này có nghĩa là "" bạn sẽ trở nên nhận thức được sự vật "" hoặc "" bạn sẽ hiểu được những điều mới mẻ "" . Ý nghĩa này có thể được nói rõ. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Như thể mắt bạn được mở ra """ +GEN 3 5 kv6j figs-merism 0 knowing good and evil Here “good and evil” is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated “knowledge of good and evil” in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “knowing everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) "Ở đây "" thiện và ác "" là một hình ảnh tu từ đề cập đến cả hai thái cực và mọi sự ở giữa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" sự hiểu biết điều thiện và điều ác "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 9 ] . Một cách dịch khác: "" Biết mọi sự, kể cả điều thiện và điều ác """ +GEN 3 6 n2vt 0 it was a delight to the eyes “the tree was delightful to look at” or “it was nice to look at” or “it was very beautiful” """ Nhìn cây thật thích mắt "" hay "" ngắm cây thật đẹp "" hay "" cây thật đẹp """ +GEN 3 6 sw6q 0 that the tree was desirable to make one wise “she wanted the tree’s fruit because it could make a person wise” or “she wanted its fruit because it could make her understand what was right and wrong just as God does” """ Người nữ muốn trái của cây vì nó có thể khiến một người trở nên khôn ngoan "" hoặc "" người nữ muốn trái của cây vì nó có thể khiến người nữ hiểu điều gì đúng và điều gì sai, giống như Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 3 7 yn1e 0 The eyes of both of them were opened “Then their eyes opened” or “They became aware” or “They understood.” See how you translated “your eyes will be opened” in [Genesis 3:5](../03/05.md). """ Bấy giờ mắt họ mở ra "" hoặc "" họ trở nên tỉnh thức "" hoặc "" họ đã hiểu "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu "" mắt ngươi sẽ được mở ra "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 3: 5 ] ." +GEN 3 7 jp6y 0 sewed put together, probably using vines as thread Ghép lại với nhau, có lẽ dùng cây nho làm sợi +GEN 3 7 y6l1 0 fig leaves If people do not know what fig leaves are like, this can be translated as “large leaves from a fig tree” or simply “large leaves.” "Nếu người ta không biết lá cây vả là như thế nào, thì điều này có thể được dịch là "" những chiếc lá lớn từ một cây vả "" hoặc đơn giản là "" những chiếc lá lớn. """ +GEN 3 7 l856 figs-explicit 0 made coverings for themselves They did this because they were ashamed. This implicit information can be made explicit if needed as in the UST. Alternate translation: “clothed themselves with them because they were ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Họ làm thế vì họ xấu hổ. Thông tin ẩn này có thể được làm rõ nếu cần thiết như trong Ust. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mặc lấy họ vì họ hổ thẹn """ +GEN 3 8 llf2 0 in the cool of the day “at the time of day when a cool breeze blows” """ Giữa ban ngày. . . có cơn gió nhẹ thổi qua """ +GEN 3 8 gi6e 0 from the presence of Yahweh God “from Yahweh God’s sight” or “so that Yahweh God would not see them” or “from Yahweh God” """ Giê-hô-va Ðức Chúa Trời chẳng hề thấy chúng nó "" hoặc "" Để Giê-hô-va Ðức Chúa Trời không thấy "" hoặc "" Giê-hô-va Ðức Chúa Trời chẳng hề thấy """ +GEN 3 9 c8sg 0 Where are you? “Why are you trying to hide from me?” God knew where the man was. When the man answered, he did not say where he was but why he was hiding. """ Tại sao anh lại muốn trốn tránh em? "" +Chúa mới biết người đàn ông đó đang ở đâu. Khi người đó trả lời, ông không nói mình đang ở đâu nhưng nói tại sao mình đang trốn." +GEN 3 9 ijl7 figs-you 0 you In verses 9 and 11, God was speaking to the man. Languages that have a singular form of “you” would use that here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Trong câu 9 và 11, Đức Chúa Trời đang phán với người này. Những ngôn ngữ có dạng số ít của từ "" ngươi "" sẽ dùng ở đây." +GEN 3 10 b8tp 0 I heard you “I heard the sound you were making” """ Tôi đã nghe thấy âm thanh mà anh tạo ra … """ +GEN 3 11 ujb1 figs-rquestion 0 Who told you God knew the answer to this question. He asked it in order to force Adam to confess that he had disobeyed God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Đức Chúa Trời biết câu trả lời cho câu hỏi này. Ngài hỏi như thế để buộc A - đam thú nhận rằng ông đã bất tuân Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 3 11 hny5 figs-rquestion 0 Have you eaten…from? Again, God knew this had happened. Translate this question in a form that shows God was accusing Adam of disobedience. The sentence can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You must have eaten…from.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Một lần nữa, Chúa biết điều này đã xảy ra. Hãy dịch câu hỏi này trong một hình thức cho thấy Đức Chúa Trời đã cáo buộc A - đam bất tuân. Câu này có thể được dịch là lời tuyên bố. Có thể dịch thay thế: "" Ngươi hẳn đã ăn … từ. """ +GEN 3 13 fw79 figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done? God already knew what the woman had done. When he asked this question, he was giving her the opportunity to tell him about it, and he was expressing his disappointment with what she had done. Many languages use rhetorical questions for scolding or rebuking. If possible, use a form that expresses this disappointment. It can also be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Chúa đã biết những gì người phụ nữ này đã làm. Khi Ngài hỏi câu này, Ngài đang cho bà cơ hội để nói với Ngài về điều đó, và Ngài đang bày tỏ sự thất vọng của Ngài với những gì bà đã làm. Nhiều ngôn ngữ dùng những câu hỏi tu từ để mắng nhiếc hay quở trách. Nếu có thể, hãy dùng một hình thức diễn tả sự thất vọng này. Nó cũng có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản khác dịch: "" Anh em đã làm một việc kinh khủng "" ." +GEN 3 14 w3bn 0 cursed are you alone “you alone are cursed.” The word “curse” is first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between God’s blessing on the animals and this curse on the serpent. This is a “curse formula,” or the way that curses were expressed. By saying this curse, God made it happen. """ Chỉ mình em bị nguyền rủa thôi. "" +Từ "" rủa sả "" đầu tiên trong tiếng Hê-bơ-rơ nhằm nhấn mạnh sự tương phản giữa ơn phước của Đức Chúa Trời trên các loài thú và sự rủa sả này trên con rắn. Đây là một "" công thức rủa sả "" , hay là cách mà sự rủa sả được diễn đạt. Bằng cách nói ra sự rủa sả này, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến nó xảy ra." +GEN 3 14 x1b4 0 all the livestock and all the beasts of the field “all domestic animals and all wild animals” """ Mọi loài súc vật và thú rừng """ +GEN 3 14 yxn7 0 It is on your stomach that you will go “You will move along the ground on your stomach.” The words “it is upon your stomach” comes first to emphasize the contrast between the way other animals would move along using their legs and the way the serpent would slither along on its stomach. This is also part of the curse formula. """ Ngươi sẽ nằm sấp xuống đất mà cử động. "" +Cụm từ "" ở trên bụng ngươi "" đầu tiên nhấn mạnh sự tương phản giữa cách những động vật khác di chuyển bằng cách sử dụng chân và cách con rắn trườn trên bụng của nó. Đây cũng là một phần của công thức rủa sả." +GEN 3 14 p527 0 it is dust that you will eat “you will eat dust.” The words “it is dust” comes first to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula. """ Ngươi sẽ ăn bụi đất. "" +Từ ngữ "" đó là bụi đất "" đến trước để nhấn mạnh sự tương phản giữa các cây mọc trên đất mà các thú vật khác sẽ ăn và các thức ăn dơ bẩn trên đất mà con rắn sẽ ăn. Đây là một phần của công thức rủa sả." +GEN 3 15 gi4d 0 hostility between you and the woman This means that the serpent and the woman would become enemies. Điều này có nghĩa là con rắn và người nữ sẽ trở thành kẻ thù. +GEN 3 15 p95z 0 seed The word “seed” refers to what a man puts into a woman to cause a baby to grow inside the woman. Like the word “offspring,” it can refer to more than one person. Try to find a word that is singular but can refer to more than one person. "Từ ngữ "" hạt giống "" ám chỉ điều mà một người đàn ông đặt vào một người đàn bà để khiến một em bé lớn lên bên trong người đàn bà. Giống như từ "" dòng - dõi "" , từ này có thể ám chỉ nhiều hơn một người. Hãy cố gắng tìm một từ duy nhất nhưng có thể ám chỉ nhiều hơn một người." +GEN 3 15 iyz4 figs-pronouns 0 He will bruise…his heel "The words “he” and “his” refer to the woman’s descendant. If “seed” was translated as plural, this can be translated as “they will bruise…their heel”; in this case, consider inserting footnotes to say that the “they” and “their” are used to translate a singular pronoun. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])" "Những chữ "" Ngài "" và "" của Ngài "" ám chỉ đến dòng dõi của người nữ. Nếu "" dòng dõi "" được dịch là số nhiều, thì có thể dịch là "" họ sẽ giày đạp … gót chân của họ "" ; trong trường hợp này, hãy xem xét những chú thích chèn vào để nói rằng đại từ "" họ "" và "" của họ "" được sử dụng để dịch một đại từ số ít." +GEN 3 15 k4z3 0 bruise “crush” or “strike” or “attack” """ Đè bẹp "" hay "" tấn công "" hay "" tấn công """ +GEN 3 16 hk7l 0 I will greatly multiply your pain “I will make your pain increase much” or “I will make your pain to be very severe” """ Ta sẽ làm cho sự đau đớn của con gia tăng nhiều "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ làm cho sự đau đớn của con gia tăng rất nhiều """ +GEN 3 16 a74c 0 in having children “in giving birth to children” or “when you give birth to children” """ Trong sự sanh con cái "" hoặc "" khi sanh con cái """ +GEN 3 16 rt5m 0 Your desire will be for your husband “You will have a strong desire for your husband.” Possible meanings are (1) “You will want very much to be with your husband” or (2) “You will want to control your husband” """ Nàng sẽ có một khao khát mãnh liệt với chồng nàng. "" +Những ý nghĩa có thể có là ( 1 ) "" Ngươi sẽ rất muốn được ở với chồng mình "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Ngươi sẽ muốn điều khiển chồng mình """ +GEN 3 16 mk2u 0 he will rule over you “he will be your master” or “he will control you” """ Ngài sẽ làm chủ ngươi "" hoặc "" Ngài sẽ kiểm soát ngươi """ +GEN 3 17 vtq5 0 Adam The name Adam is the same as the Hebrew word for “man.” Some translations say “Adam” and some say “the man.” You may use either form as it refers to the same person. "Tên A - đam giống như chữ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là "" người "" . Một số bản dịch nói "" A - đam "" và một số bản dịch khác nói "" người "" . Bạn có thể dùng hai hình thức khác nhau để nói về cùng một người." +GEN 3 17 f2pb figs-idiom 0 you have listened to the voice of your wife This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you have obeyed what your wife said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Ngươi đã vâng theo những gì vợ ngươi nói """ +GEN 3 17 jl8p figs-explicit 0 have eaten from the tree You can say what it was that they ate. Alternate translation: “have eaten the fruit of the tree” or “have eaten some of the fruit of the tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Bạn có thể nói rằng họ đã ăn gì. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đã ăn trái cây "" hoặc "" Đã ăn một phần trái cây "" ." +GEN 3 17 fhp5 0 You may not eat from it “You must not eat from it” or “Do not eat its fruit” """ Chẳng nên ăn đến "" hoặc "" chẳng nên ăn trái của sự đó """ +GEN 3 17 rlw9 figs-activepassive 0 cursed is the ground The word “curse” comes first in the sentence to emphasize that the ground, which had been “good” ([Genesis 1:10](../01/10.md)), was now under God’s curse. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am cursing the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Chữ "" rủa sả "" đến trước trong câu để nhấn mạnh rằng mặt đất, vốn đã "" tốt lành "" rồi ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 1: 10 ] ) , giờ đây đang ở dưới sự rủa sả của Đức Chúa Trời. Điều nầy có thể được nói rõ dưới hình thức chủ động. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Tôi rủa - sả đất """ +GEN 3 17 zjr5 0 through painful work “by doing hard work” """ Làm việc chăm chỉ """ +GEN 3 17 dg63 figs-metonymy 0 you will eat from it The word “it” refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. Alternate translation: “you will eat what grows from it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Từ ngữ "" nó "" ám chỉ mặt đất và là hoán dụ cho các phần của cây cỏ, vốn mọc trong đất, mà người ta ăn. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Các ngươi sẽ ăn những gì mọc lên từ đất """ +GEN 3 18 zc9v 0 the plants of the field Possible meanings are (1) “the plants that you take care of in your fields” or (2) “the wild plants that grow in the open fields.” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" những cây mà bạn chăm sóc trên đồng "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" những cây dại mọc trên đồng "" ." +GEN 3 19 kc7j 0 By the sweat of your face “By doing hard work that makes your face sweat” """ Hãy làm công - việc nhọc - nhằn mà lau mồ - hôi mặt """ +GEN 3 19 pl6i figs-synecdoche 0 you will eat bread Here the word “bread” is a synecdoche for food in general. Alternate translation: “you will eat food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây từ "" bánh mì "" là một phép hoán dụ cho thức ăn nói chung. Một cách dịch khác: "" Các ngươi sẽ ăn """ +GEN 3 19 z9pa 0 until you return to the ground “until you die and your body is put in the ground.” In some cultures, they put the bodies of people who have died in a hole in the ground. Man’s hard work does not end until the time of his death and burial. """ Cho đến khi ngươi chết và thân thể ngươi được chôn dưới đất. "" +Trong một số nền văn hóa, họ đặt thi thể của những người đã qua đời trong một cái hố trong lòng đất. Công khó của con người không chấm dứt cho đến khi chết và chôn cất." +GEN 3 19 hc39 0 For dust you are, and to dust you will return “I made you from soil, so your body will become soil again.” Translate both occurrences of “dust” with the same word in order to show that man begins and ends in the same condition. """ Ta đã làm cho các ngươi từ đất lên, hầu cho thân thể các ngươi sẽ lại thành đất "" . Hãy dịch cả hai lần từ "" bụi đất "" này sang cùng một từ để cho thấy rằng con người bắt đầu và kết thúc trong cùng một tình trạng." +GEN 3 20 lzl1 0 The man Some translations say “Adam.” "Một số bản dịch nói "" Ađam. """ +GEN 3 20 qic8 0 called his wife’s name Eve “gave his wife the name Eve” or “named his wife Eve” """ Đặt tên vợ là Êva "" hoặc "" đặt tên vợ là Êva """ +GEN 3 20 pn1z 0 Eve Translators may write a footnote saying “The name Eve sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘living.’” "Các dịch giả có thể viết một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Ê - va nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là ' sống ' . """ +GEN 3 20 wq8p figs-nominaladj 0 all the living The word “living” refers to people. Alternate translation: “all people” or “all living people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Từ ngữ "" sống "" ám chỉ con người. Một cách dịch khác: "" Mọi người "" hoặc "" mọi người đang sống """ +GEN 3 21 an9a 0 garments of skins “clothing made out of animal skins” """ Áo bằng da thú """ +GEN 3 22 ve6w 0 the man Possible meanings are (1) God was referring to one human, the man, or (2) God was referring to humans in general, so this would mean the man and his wife. Even if God was speaking about one person, what he said applied to both of them. Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) Đức Chúa Trời ám chỉ một người, một người đàn ông, hoặc ( 2 ) Đức Chúa Trời ám chỉ loài người nói chung, vậy điều này có nghĩa là người đàn ông và vợ mình. Dù Đức Chúa Trời nói về một người, nhưng điều Ngài nói áp dụng cho cả hai người. +GEN 3 22 gnj9 0 like one of us “like us.” The pronoun “us” is plural. See how you translated “Let us make” in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). """ Như chúng ta. "" +Đại từ "" chúng ta "" là số nhiều. Hãy xem bạn đã dịch chữ "" Chúng ta hãy làm nên "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 26 ] như thế nào." +GEN 3 22 x7q6 figs-merism 0 knowing good and evil Here “good and evil” is a figure of speech that refers to both extremes and everything in between. See how you translated “knowledge of good and evil” in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). Alternate translation: “knowing everything, including both good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) "Ở đây "" thiện và ác "" là một hình ảnh tu từ đề cập đến cả hai thái cực và mọi sự ở giữa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" sự hiểu biết điều thiện và điều ác "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 9 ] . Một cách dịch khác: "" Biết mọi sự, kể cả điều thiện và điều ác """ +GEN 3 22 vz41 figs-activepassive 0 he must not be allowed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will not allow him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tôi sẽ không cho phép hắn """ +GEN 3 22 qxt1 0 tree of life “the tree that gives people life.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:9](../02/09.md). """ Cây sự sống là cái đem lại sự sống cho con người. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này trong Sáng Thế Ký 2: 9." +GEN 3 23 t7zb 0 the ground from which he had been taken “dirt because he had been taken from dirt.” This does not refer to the particular place on the land that the God took man from. """ Đất bởi vì anh ấy được lấy ra từ đất. "" +Điều này không nói đến nơi cụ thể trên đất mà Đức Chúa Trời đã cất con người khỏi." +GEN 3 23 dri1 0 to cultivate This means to what is needed so that plants grow well. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). Điều này có nghĩa là cần thiết để cây phát triển tốt. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 5 ] . +GEN 3 24 lwk4 0 So God drove the man out of the garden “God forced the man to leave the garden.” This refers to the event in [Genesis 3:23](../03/23.md), where it says “Yahweh God sent him out of the garden of Eden.” God did not send the man out a second time. """ Đức Chúa Trời buộc người đàn ông phải rời khỏi khu vườn. "" +Điều này đề cập đến sự kiện trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 3: 23 ] , trong đó nói rằng "" Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời sai người ra khỏi vườn Ê-đen. "" +Đức Chúa Trời không sai người đàn ông này ra khỏi vườn Ê-đen lần thứ hai." +GEN 3 24 jgc5 0 in order to guard the way to the tree of life “in order to stop people from going to the tree of life” """ Để ngăn trở người ta đến gần cây sự sống """ +GEN 3 24 uuj7 0 flaming sword Possible meanings are (1) a sword that had flames coming from it or (2) a fire that was shaped like a sword. Languages that do not have swords could use another weapon such as a spear or arrow. Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) một thanh gươm có ngọn lửa phát ra từ đó hoặc ( 2 ) một ngọn lửa có hình dạng như một thanh gươm. Những ngôn ngữ không có gươm có thể dùng vũ khí khác như giáo hoặc tên. +GEN 4 intro a2f7 0 # Genesis 04 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Most of the text in this chapter is prose, but 4:23-24 is poetry. If the translator should put these two verses into poetic form, or at least into elegant speech, different from the rest of the chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Vengeance

The theme of vengeance is important in this chapter. Ancient Hebrew society allowed for people to seek revenge if a relative was murdered. After Cain murdered his brother Abel, he thought that he would be helpless against this danger because he had been driven away from God’s protection. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])

The theme of vengeance continues with the words of Lamech, who had killed someone for injuring him:
“I have killed a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me. If Cain is avenged seven times as much, truly Lamech will be avenged seventy-seven times as much” (Gen. 4:23b-24). "Genesis 04 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Phần lớn bản văn trong chương này là văn xuôi, nhưng 4: 23 - 24 là thơ. Nếu dịch giả nên chuyển hai câu này thành dạng thơ, hoặc ít nhất thành lời văn tao nhã, khác với phần còn lại của chương. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +SỰ BÁO THÙ +Chủ đề về sự báo thù rất quan trọng trong chương này. Xã hội Hê-bơ-rơ cổ cho phép con người tìm kiếm sự báo thù nếu một người bà con bị sát hại. Sau khi Ca - in giết em mình là A - bên, ông nghĩ rằng mình sẽ bất lực trước mối nguy hiểm này vì đã bị đuổi khỏi sự che chở của Đức Chúa Trời. Chủ đề trả thù tiếp tục bằng những lời của Lê - méc, người đã giết một người vì đã làm ông bị thương: +"" Ta đã giết một người, vì làm thương ta, và một người trẻ, vì đánh sưng bầm ta. Nếu Ca-in được báo thù gấp bảy lần, thật Lê-méc sẽ được báo thù gấp bảy mươi bảy lần "" ( Sa 4: 23b - 24 ) ." +GEN 4 1 eg45 figs-euphemism 0 The man knew Eve This is a polite way of saying that the man had sexual relations with Eve. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là một cách lịch sự để nói rằng người đàn ông có quan hệ tình dục với Ê-va. Bạn có thể cần sử dụng một uyển ngữ khác trong ngôn ngữ của mình. +GEN 4 1 vph2 0 The man “the human being” or “Adam” """ Con người "" hay "" Ađam """ +GEN 4 1 l6v2 0 I have produced a man The word for “man” typically describes an adult male, rather than a baby or child. If that would cause confusion, it could be translated as “manchild” or “boy” or “baby boy” or “son.” "Từ "" người nam "" tiêu biểu cho một người nam trưởng thành, chứ không phải một em bé hay một em bé. Nếu điều đó gây hoang mang, từ này có thể được dịch là "" em bé "" hoặc "" trai "" hoặc "" bé trai "" hoặc "" con trai "" ." +GEN 4 1 g2tx figs-explicit 0 Cain Translators may want to include a footnote that says “The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘produce.’ Eve named him Cain because she produced him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Các dịch giả có thể muốn bao gồm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Ca - in nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là ' sản xuất ' . Ê - va đặt tên Ca - in là Ca - in vì bà đã sinh ra Ca - in "" ." +GEN 4 2 hv71 0 Then she gave birth We do not know how much time passed between the births of Cain and Abel. They may have been twins, or Abel may have been born after Eve became pregnant again. If possible, use an expression that does not tell how much time passed. Chúng ta không biết thời gian giữa Ca - in và A - bên trôi qua bao lâu. Có thể họ là anh em sinh đôi, hoặc A - bên được sinh ra sau khi Ê - va mang thai lần nữa. Nếu có thể, hãy dùng cụm từ không cho biết thời gian đã trôi qua bao lâu. +GEN 4 2 bpy1 0 cultivated This means he did everything he needed to do so that the plants would grow well. See how “cultivate” is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). "Điều này có nghĩa là Ngài đã làm mọi sự Ngài cần làm để cây cỏ sẽ mọc tốt lên. Hãy xem cách dịch chữ "" vun trồng "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 5 ] ." +GEN 4 3 x19b 0 It came about that This phrase is used to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using that method here. Cụm từ này được sử dụng để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng phương pháp đó ở đây. +GEN 4 3 pvj2 0 in the course of time Possible meanings are (1) “after some time had passed” or (2) “at the right time” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" sau một thời gian đã trôi qua "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" vào đúng thời điểm """ +GEN 4 3 ph1l figs-explicit 0 fruit of the ground This refers to the food that came from plants he had tended. Alternate translation: “crops” or “harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này nói đến thức ăn đến từ những cây mà ông đã chăm sóc. Một cách dịch khác: "" Mùa màng "" hoặc "" Mùa gặt """ +GEN 4 4 zq2f figs-explicit 0 some of the fat This refers to the fatty parts of the lambs that he had killed, it was the best part of the animal. Alternate translation: “some of their fat parts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này đề cập đến những phần mỡ của những con chiên mà ông đã giết, đó là phần tốt nhất của con vật. Một bản khác dịch là "" một số phần mỡ của chúng """ +GEN 4 4 mi4f 0 accepted “looked favorably upon” or “was pleased with” """ Trông có vẻ hài lòng "" hoặc "" hài lòng với """ +GEN 4 5 rcs4 0 did not accept “did not look favorably upon” or “was not pleased with” """ Chẳng đẹp lòng "" hoặc "" chẳng đẹp lòng """ +GEN 4 5 dyg6 0 was very angry Some languages have an idiom for anger such as “He burned” or “His anger burned.” "Một số ngôn ngữ có thành ngữ nói về sự giận dữ như "" Ngài bị đốt cháy "" hoặc "" cơn giận của Ngài bị đốt cháy "" ." +GEN 4 5 bwt7 figs-idiom 0 he scowled This means that the expression on his face showed that he was angry or jealous. Some languages have an idiom that describes what a person’s face looks like when he is angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Điều này có nghĩa là biểu hiện trên gương mặt anh cho thấy anh đang giận dữ hay ghen tị. Một số ngôn ngữ có thành ngữ miêu tả khuôn mặt của một người khi giận dữ. +GEN 4 6 pu1k figs-rquestion 0 Why are you angry and why are you scowling? God used these rhetorical questions to tell Cain that he was wrong to be angry and scowl. They may also have been intended to give Cain an opportunity to confess that he was wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Đức Chúa Trời đã sử dụng những câu hỏi tu từ này để nói với Ca-in rằng Ngài đã sai khi giận dữ và cau có. Chúng cũng có thể được dự định để cho Ca-in một cơ hội để xưng nhận rằng ông đã sai. +GEN 4 7 ln9v figs-rquestion 0 If you…will you not be accepted? God used this rhetorical question to remind Cain of something Cain should have already known. Alternate translation: “You know that if you do what is right, I will accept you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Đức Chúa Trời đã sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này để nhắc nhở Ca-in về điều mà Ca-in lẽ ra đã phải biết. Một bản dịch khác: "" Con biết rằng nếu con làm điều đúng, ta sẽ chấp nhận con """ +GEN 4 7 j7ks figs-personification 0 But if you do not…you must rule over it God speaks of sin as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “But if you do not do what is right, you will desire to sin even more, and then you will do sinful things. You must refuse to obey it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Đức Chúa Trời nói về tội lỗi như thể nó là một con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nhưng nếu anh em không làm điều đúng, anh em sẽ ước muốn phạm tội nhiều hơn nữa, và rồi anh em sẽ làm những điều tội lỗi. Anh em phải từ chối vâng lời "" ." +GEN 4 7 eqb2 figs-metaphor 0 sin crouches…to control you Here sin is spoken of as a dangerous wild animal that is waiting for the chance to attack Cain. Alternate translation: “you will become so angry that you will not be able to stop sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây tội lỗi được nói đến như một con thú hoang nguy hiểm đang chờ cơ hội tấn công Cain. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ngươi sẽ tức giận đến nỗi không thể ngăn chặn tội lỗi "" ." +GEN 4 7 x8lx 0 sin Languages that do not have a noun that means “sin” could translate this as “your desire to sin” or “the bad things you want to do.” "Những ngôn ngữ không có danh từ có nghĩa là "" tội lỗi "" có thể dịch từ này là "" khao khát phạm tội của bạn "" hoặc "" những điều xấu bạn muốn làm "" ." +GEN 4 7 s7tk figs-personification 0 you must rule over it Yahweh speaks of Cain’s desire to sin as if it were a person over whom Cain should rule. Alternate translation: “you must control it so you do not sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Ðức Giê hô va nói về sự ham muốn phạm tội của Ca in như là một người mà Ca in sẽ cai trị. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Ngươi phải kiểm soát nó để ngươi không phạm tội """ +GEN 4 8 n4x9 translate-textvariants 0 Cain spoke to Abel his brother. Some early translations tell explicitly what Cain said to his brother. You may want to do the same if it is present in your national version. Alternate translation: “Cain said to Abel his brother, ‘Let us go into the fields.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Một số bản dịch sơ khai nói rõ ràng những gì Ca - in nói với em mình. Bạn cũng có thể làm thế nếu có trong bản dịch quốc gia của bạn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ca - in nói với A - bên, em mình: ' Chúng ta hãy ra ngoài đồng ' . """ +GEN 4 8 h58l figs-explicit 0 brother Abel was Cain’s younger brother. Some languages may need to use the word for “younger brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Abên là em trai của Cain. Một số ngôn ngữ có lẽ cần dùng từ "" em "" ." +GEN 4 8 znp9 figs-idiom 0 rose up against Standing up to fight against a person is an idiom for attacking him. Alternate translation: “attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đứng lên chiến đấu chống lại một người là một thành ngữ để công kích người ấy. Dịch thay thế: "" Tấn công """ +GEN 4 9 rc6x figs-rquestion 0 Where is Abel your brother God knew that Cain had killed Abel, but he asked Cain this question so that Cain would have to answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) Đức Chúa Trời biết rằng Ca-in đã giết A-bên, nhưng Ngài hỏi Ca-in câu hỏi này để Ca-in phải trả lời. +GEN 4 9 r4il figs-rquestion 0 Am I my brother’s keeper? Cain used this rhetorical question so that he would not have to tell the truth. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not my brother’s keeper!” or “You know that taking care of my brother is not my job!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Ca-in đã sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này hầu cho ông sẽ không phải nói sự thật. Điều này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản khác dịch: "" Tôi không phải là người giữ em tôi! "" +hoặc "" Anh em biết rằng chăm sóc anh em tôi không phải là công việc của tôi! """ +GEN 4 10 fs9s figs-rquestion 0 What have you done? God uses a rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have done is terrible!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Đức Chúa Trời dùng câu hỏi tu từ để quở trách Cain. Điều này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Điều ngươi đã làm thật kinh khiếp! """ +GEN 4 10 epa5 figs-metonymy 0 Your brother’s blood is calling out to me Abel’s blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. Alternate translation: “Your brother’s blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Huyết của A-bên là một hoán dụ cho sự chết của ông, như thể nó là một người kêu cầu Đức Chúa Trời trừng phạt Ca-in. Có một cách dịch khác: "" Máu của em ông giống như một người kêu cầu tôi trừng phạt kẻ đã giết em ông """ +GEN 4 11 xi71 figs-activepassive 0 Now cursed are you from the ground This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am cursing you so that you will not be able to grow food from the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta rủa sả ngươi để ngươi không thể trồng trọt lương thực từ đất """ +GEN 4 11 p2h4 figs-personification 0 which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink Abel’s blood. Alternate translation: “which is soaked with your brother’s blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "God speaks of the earth as if it were a person who could drink abel ' s blood. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là "" Được thấm máu của anh em ngươi """ +GEN 4 11 n89j figs-synecdoche 0 from your hand Here Cain is represented by his “hand,” to emphasize that he personally had killed his brother. Alternate translation: “that spilled when you killed him” or “from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây Ca-in được tượng trưng bởi "" tay "" của ông, để nhấn mạnh rằng cá nhân ông đã giết em mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Nó tràn ra khi ngươi giết em mình "" hoặc "" Từ phía ngươi """ +GEN 4 12 s7z7 0 cultivate This means to do everything necessary to do so that the plants would grow well. See how “cultivate” is translated in [Genesis 2:5](../02/05.md). "Điều này có nghĩa là làm mọi thứ cần thiết để cây phát triển tốt. Hãy xem từ "" vun trồng "" được dịch như thế nào nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 5 ] ." +GEN 4 12 t858 figs-personification 0 it will not yield to you its strength The ground is personified as if it were a person who loses strength. Alternate translation: “the ground will not produce much food for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Mặt đất được nhân cách hóa như thể nó là một người mất sức. Một bản khác dịch câu này: "" Đất sẽ không cung cấp nhiều thực phẩm cho anh em """ +GEN 4 12 vn98 figs-hendiadys 0 A fugitive and a wanderer You can join these words together. Alternate translation: “A homeless wanderer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) "Bạn có thể ghép những từ này lại với nhau. Dịch giả: "" Một người lang thang không nhà """ +GEN 4 14 e7mj figs-idiom 0 I will be hidden from your face The term “your face” represents God’s presence. Alternate translation: “I will not be able to speak to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Thuật ngữ "" mặt ngươi "" tiêu biểu cho sự hiện diện của Đức Chúa Trời. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi không thể nói với anh em """ +GEN 4 14 qwi8 0 a fugitive and a wanderer See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:12](../04/12.md) Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 4: 12 ] +GEN 4 15 zay8 figs-activepassive 0 vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will take vengeance on him seven times” or “I will punish that person seven times as severely as I am punishing you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Có thể dịch là: "" Ta sẽ báo thù người bảy lần "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ trừng phạt người đó bảy lần nghiêm khắc như ta đang trừng phạt ngươi "" ." +GEN 4 15 y97q 0 would not attack him “would not kill Cain” """ Chẳng muốn giết Ca - in """ +GEN 4 16 f6yy figs-idiom 0 went out from the presence of Yahweh Even though Yahweh is everywhere, this idiom speaks of Cain as though he went far away. Alternate translation: “went away from where Yahweh spoke to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Mặc dù Đức Giê-hô-va ở khắp mọi nơi, thành ngữ này nói về Ca-in như thể ông đã đi xa. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Đi xa khỏi nơi Đức Giê-hô-va đã phán với ông """ +GEN 4 16 rx4d 0 Nod Translators may add a footnote saying “The word Nod means ‘wandering.’” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời chú thích "" Từ Nod có nghĩa là ' đi lang thang ' . """ +GEN 4 17 s2i7 figs-euphemism 0 Cain knew his wife This is a polite way of saying that Cain had sexual relations with his wife. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về việc Cain có quan hệ tình dục với vợ mình. Có lẽ bạn cần dùng một uyển ngữ khác trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 4: 1 ] . +GEN 4 17 bf1z 0 He built a city “Cain built a city” """ Cain xây một cái thành """ +GEN 4 18 n5ni figs-explicit 0 To Enoch was born Irad It is implied that Enoch grew up and married a woman. Alternate translation: “Enoch grew up and married and became the father of a son whom he named Irad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này ngụ ý rằng Hê - nóc đã lớn lên và kết hôn với một phụ nữ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hê - nóc lớn lên, lập gia đình và sinh một con trai đặt tên là Y - rát """ +GEN 4 18 l1gq translate-names 0 Irad This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 4 19 bm1j translate-names 0 Adah…Zillah women’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Tên phụ nữ +GEN 4 20 urt3 0 Adah See how you translated this woman’s name in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên người đàn bà này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 4: 19 ] . +GEN 4 20 ll8c 0 He was the father of those who lived in tents Possible meanings are (1) “He was the first person to live in a tent” or (2) “He and his descendants lived in tents.” "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" ông là người đầu tiên sống trong lều "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" ông và con cháu sống trong lều "" ." +GEN 4 20 fpv4 0 who lived in tents who have livestock people who both live in tents and also take care of animals Những người vừa sống trong lều trại vừa chăm sóc súc vật +GEN 4 21 fv9d 0 He was the father of those who play the harp and pipe Possible meanings are (1) “He was the first person to play the harp and pipe” or (2) “He and his descendants played the harp and pipe.” "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" ông là người đầu tiên chơi đàn hạc và ống sáo "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" ông và con cháu ông chơi đàn hạc và ống sáo "" ." +GEN 4 22 m5qg 0 Zillah See how you translated this woman’s name in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên người đàn bà này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 4: 19 ] . +GEN 4 22 n1k8 translate-names 0 Tubal-Cain the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Tên của một người đàn ông +GEN 4 22 c64b 0 the forger of tools of bronze and iron “who made tools out of bronze and iron” """ Người làm công cụ bằng đồng và sắt """ +GEN 4 22 k7q7 0 iron a very strong metal used to make tools and weapons. Một loại kim loại rất mạnh dùng để chế tạo công cụ và vũ khí. +GEN 4 23 p6mu 0 Adah…Zillah See how you translated these women’s names in [Genesis 4:19](../04/19.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên phụ nữ nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 4: 19 ] . +GEN 4 23 f7di figs-parallelism 0 listen to my voice…listen to what I say Lamech said the same thing twice for emphasis. His voice is a synecdoche for his whole person. Alternate translation: “listen carefully to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Lê-méc nói điều tương tự hai lần để nhấn mạnh. Giọng nói của ông là một phép hoán dụ cho toàn bộ con người ông. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Hãy nghe cho kỹ """ +GEN 4 23 pa9h figs-parallelism 0 a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me Lamech killed only one person. These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize the certainty of his action. Alternate translation: “a young man because he hurt me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Lê-méc chỉ giết một người. Hai cụm từ này có cùng một nghĩa và được lặp lại để nhấn mạnh tính chắc chắn của hành động ông. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Một người trẻ tuổi vì anh ta làm tôi đau đớn """ +GEN 4 24 reh3 figs-activepassive 0 If Cain is avenged seven times, then Lamech Lamech knows that God will avenge Cain seven times. Alternate translation: “Since God will punish anyone who kills Cain seven times, Lamech” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Lê-méc biết rằng Đức Chúa Trời sẽ báo thù cho Ca-in bảy lần. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Vì Đức Chúa Trời sẽ trừng phạt kẻ nào giết Ca-in bảy lần, Lê-méc """ +GEN 4 24 w88s figs-activepassive 0 then Lamech will be avenged seventy-seven times This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whoever kills me, God will punish seventy-seven times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Kẻ nào giết ta, Thiên Chúa sẽ trừng phạt bảy mươi bảy lần """ +GEN 4 24 mz2s translate-numbers 0 seventy-seven 77 (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) 77 +GEN 4 25 g5y9 figs-euphemism 0 Adam knew his wife This is a polite way of saying that Adam had sexual relations with his wife. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về việc Ađam có quan hệ tình dục với vợ mình. Có lẽ bạn cần dùng một uyển ngữ khác trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 4: 1 ] . +GEN 4 25 y7i8 figs-explicit 0 said, “God has given me another son This is the reason that she named him Seth. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “explained, ‘God has given me another child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là lý do cô đặt tên cho nó là Seth. Điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng. Bản dịch khác: "" Giải thích, ' Thiên Chúa đã cho tôi một đứa con khác ' """ +GEN 4 25 t9w6 translate-names 0 Seth Translators may add a footnote that says “This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘has given.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên này nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là ' đã ban cho ' . """ +GEN 4 26 aua4 figs-explicit 0 A son was born to Seth This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Seth’s wife bore him a son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được làm rõ. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Vợ của Sết sanh cho ông một con trai """ +GEN 4 26 i4rs figs-explicit 0 to call on the name of Yahweh This is the first time people called God by the name Yahweh. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “to worship God by using the name Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là lần đầu tiên người ta gọi Đức Chúa Trời bằng danh Yahweh. Điều này có thể được làm rõ. Bản dịch khác: "" Thờ phượng Đức Chúa Trời bằng cách sử dụng danh Yahweh """ +GEN 5 intro v62r 0 # Genesis 05 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter provides the first of many lists of descendants in the Bible. This is not a simple list, because the author makes comments about each person. Translators should format this text in the way that is clearest in the project language. Many may choose to introduce each new person in a separate paragraph, as the ULT and UST do. "Genesis 05 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Chương này cung cấp danh sách đầu tiên trong số nhiều danh sách về con cháu trong Kinh Thánh. Đây không phải là một danh sách đơn giản, vì tác giả đưa ra những nhận xét về mỗi người. Các dịch giả nên định dạng văn bản này theo cách rõ ràng nhất trong ngôn ngữ dự án. Nhiều người có thể chọn giới thiệu mỗi người mới trong một đoạn riêng biệt, như ult và ust làm." +GEN 5 1 wj9n 0 General Information: This is the beginning of the list of Adam’s descendants. Đây là khởi đầu của danh sách các con cháu của A-đam. +GEN 5 1 qwp1 figs-pronouns 0 in his own likeness This phrase means that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. See how “after our likeness” is translated in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). Alternate translation: “to truly be like us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) "Cụm từ này có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời làm cho nhân loại trở nên giống như Ngài. Câu này không cho biết Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra loài người giống Ngài như thế nào. Đức Chúa Trời không có thân thể, vì vậy không có nghĩa là loài người sẽ giống Đức Chúa Trời. Hãy xem từ "" giống chúng ta "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 26 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Thật sự giống như chúng ta """ +GEN 5 2 j6nz figs-activepassive 0 when they were created This can be made active. Alternate translation: “when he created them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được thực hiện tích cực. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Khi Ngài tạo ra chúng """ +GEN 5 3 zcj2 translate-numbers 0 130 "Translators may write the words “one hundred thirty.” (The ULT and the UST use numerals if the number has three or more words; they use words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])" "Các dịch giả có thể viết là "" một trăm ba mươi "" . ( ult và ust sử dụng chữ số nếu số có ba hoặc nhiều từ; họ sử dụng từ nếu một số chỉ có một hoặc hai từ. )" +GEN 5 3 a62w 0 he became the father of a son “he had a son” """ Ngài có một con trai """ +GEN 5 3 al1g 0 in his own likeness, after his image These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used as a reminder that God made man in his own image. See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). Hai cụm từ này có cùng một ý nghĩa. Chúng được sử dụng như một sự nhắc nhở rằng Đức Chúa Trời đã dựng nên con người theo hình ảnh của Ngài. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 26 ] . +GEN 5 3 t33a 0 Seth See how you translated this name in [Genesis 4:25](../04/25.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch danh này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 4: 25 ] . +GEN 5 4 k8qg translate-numbers 0 eight hundred "Translators may write the numerals “800.” (The ULT and the UST use numerals if the number has three or more words; they use words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])" "Các dịch giả có thể viết số "" 800 "" . ( ult và ust sử dụng chữ số nếu số có từ ba hoặc nhiều từ; họ sử dụng từ nếu một số chỉ có một hoặc hai từ. )" +GEN 5 4 y8af 0 He became the father of more sons and daughters “He had more sons and daughters” """ Người có nhiều con trai và con gái """ +GEN 5 5 j99s 0 then he died This phrase will be repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for “died.” "Cụm từ nầy sẽ được lặp đi lặp lại suốt cả chương. Hãy dùng từ thông thường "" qua đời "" ." +GEN 5 5 tw8v translate-numbers 0 Adam lived 930 years “Adam lived nine hundred and thirty years.” People used to live a very long time. Use your ordinary word for “years.” Alternate translation: “Adam lived a total of 930 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Adam sống được chín trăm ba mươi tuổi. "" +Con người từng sống rất lâu. Hãy dùng từ thông thường trong từ "" năm "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" A - đam sống tổng cộng 930 năm """ +GEN 5 6 r7dg translate-numbers 0 105 years “one hundred and five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Một trăm lẻ năm năm """ +GEN 5 6 lqy1 0 he became the father of Enosh Here “father” means his actual father, not his grandfather. Alternate translation: “he had his son Enosh” "Ở đây "" cha "" có nghĩa là người cha thực tế của mình chứ không phải ông nội. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Ông cho con trai mình là Ê - nót """ +GEN 5 6 ek6r translate-names 0 Enosh This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người. +GEN 5 7 t48l translate-numbers 0 807 years “eight hundred and seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Tám trăm lẻ bảy năm """ +GEN 5 7 g73m 0 and became the father of more sons and daughters “and had more sons and daughters” """ Và có nhiều con trai và con gái """ +GEN 5 8 sh2z translate-numbers 0 Seth lived 912 years “Seth lived nine hundred and twelve years.” Seth lived a total of 912 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Seth sống được chín trăm mười hai năm. "" +Seth sống được tổng cộng 912 năm." +GEN 5 8 wqz6 0 then he died This phrase is repeated throughout the chapter. Use the ordinary word for “died.” "Cụm từ nầy được lặp đi lặp lại suốt cả chương. Hãy dùng một từ thông thường để chỉ "" chết "" ." +GEN 5 9 qbk4 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 5: 6 - 27 cũng có cùng định dạng. Hãy dịch những lời tường thuật này theo lời ghi nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 5: 6 - 8 ] ( . / 06.MD ) . +GEN 5 9 es59 translate-numbers 0 ninety years “90 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 90 năm """ +GEN 5 10 q4y5 translate-numbers 0 815 years “eight hundred and fifteen years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Tám trăm mười lăm năm """ +GEN 5 11 kjj5 translate-numbers 0 905 years “nine hundred and give years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Chín trăm và cho năm """ +GEN 5 12 s2nr translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 5: 6 - 27 cũng có cùng định dạng. Hãy dịch những lời tường thuật này theo lời ghi nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 5: 6 - 8 ] ( . / 06.MD ) . +GEN 5 12 xpk5 translate-numbers 0 seventy years “70 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 70 năm """ +GEN 5 13 n3df translate-numbers 0 840 years “eight hundred and forty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 800 năm """ +GEN 5 14 k461 translate-numbers 0 910 years “nine hundred and ten years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Chín trăm mười năm """ +GEN 5 15 bi8l translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 5: 6 - 27 cũng có cùng định dạng. Hãy dịch những lời tường thuật này theo lời ghi nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 5: 6 - 8 ] ( . / 06.MD ) . +GEN 5 18 hfg3 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 5: 6 - 27 cũng có cùng định dạng. Hãy dịch những lời tường thuật này theo lời ghi nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 5: 6 - 8 ] ( . / 06.MD ) . +GEN 5 21 i3dx 0 he became the father of Methuselah “he had his son Methuselah” """ Người sanh Mê-tu-sê-la """ +GEN 5 21 se6e translate-names 0 Methuselah This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 5 22 w9tp figs-metaphor 0 Enoch walked with God To walk with someone is a metaphor for being in a close relationship with him. Alternate translation: “Enoch had a close relationship with God” or “Enoch lived in union with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Bước đi với ai đó là phép ẩn dụ cho mối quan hệ gần gũi với người đó. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Hê - nóc có mối quan hệ mật thiết với Đức Chúa Trời "" hoặc "" Hê - nóc sống trong sự hợp nhất với Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 5 22 bmi4 0 He became the father of more sons and daughters “He had more sons and daughters” """ Người có nhiều con trai và con gái """ +GEN 5 23 rs6f translate-numbers 0 Enoch lived 365 years “Enoch lived three hundred and sixty-five years.” Enoch lived a total of 365 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Hê - nóc được ba trăm sáu mươi lăm tuổi "" . Hê - nóc sống tổng cộng 365 năm." +GEN 5 24 nyq3 0 then he was gone The word “he” refers to Enoch. He was no longer on earth. "Từ "" He "" ám chỉ Hê-nóc. Ông không còn ở trên đất nữa." +GEN 5 24 lhk8 0 for God took him This means that God took Enoch to be with himself (God). Điều này có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời đã đem Enoch về với chính Ngài ( Đức Chúa Trời ) . +GEN 5 25 y9rj translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes in [Genesis 5:6-8](./06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 5: 6 - 27 cũng có cùng định dạng. Hãy dịch những lời tường thuật này theo lời ghi nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 5: 6 - 8 ] ( . / 06.MD ) . +GEN 5 25 nk49 0 Lamech This Lamech is different from the Lamech in [Genesis 4:18](../04/18.md). Lê-méc nầy khác với Lê-méc trong [ Sáng thế ký 4: 18 ] . +GEN 5 28 ljh7 translate-numbers 0 182 years “one hundred and eighty-two years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Một trăm tám mươi hai năm """ +GEN 5 28 u994 0 became the father of a son “had a son” """ Có một con trai """ +GEN 5 29 fk97 translate-names 0 Noah Translators may want to add a footnote that says: “This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘rest.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể muốn thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên này nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là ' nghỉ ngơi ' . """ +GEN 5 29 lr8d figs-doublet 0 from our work and from the painful labor of our hands Lamech says the same thing twice to emphasize how hard the work was. Alternate translation: “from working so hard with our hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Lê-méc nói điều tương tự hai lần để nhấn mạnh công việc khó nhọc như thế nào. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Khỏi sự làm việc khó nhọc với tay chân mình """ +GEN 5 30 ah2j translate-numbers 0 595 years “five hundred and ninety-five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Năm trăm chín mươi lăm năm """ +GEN 5 31 kv28 translate-numbers 0 Lamech lived 777 years “Lamech lived seven hundred seventy-seven years.” Lamech lived a total of 777 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Lê méc được bảy trăm bảy mươi bảy tuổi. Lê - méc sống tổng cộng IPO năm """ +GEN 5 32 z148 0 he became the father of “he had his sons.” This does not tell us whether the sons were born on the same day or in different years. """ Ông ấy có những đứa con trai. "" +Điều này không cho chúng ta biết các con trai được sinh ra trong cùng một ngày hay trong những năm khác nhau." +GEN 5 32 n65e 0 Shem, Ham, and Japheth These sons may not be listed in the order of their birth. There is disagreement about which one was the oldest. Avoid translating this in a way that implies that the list is in the order of their ages. Những con trai này có thể không được liệt kê theo thứ tự ngày sinh. Có sự bất đồng về việc đứa nào lớn nhất. Tránh dịch câu này theo cách ngụ ý rằng danh sách này theo thứ tự tuổi tác của họ. +GEN 6 intro ak78 0 # Genesis 06 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Beginning in 6:22, the author gives statements summarizing events he tells about again in the text that follows. In the next chapter, the author sometimes gives summary statements that introduce events for the first time. If these statements, and the surrounding events, are not carefully translated, readers can believe that the same events happened twice or three times instead of only one time. Translators should be careful not to give this impression. "Genesis 06 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Bắt đầu trong 6: 22, tác giả đưa ra những lời tuyên bố tóm tắt những sự kiện mà ông thuật lại một lần nữa trong bản văn sau đó. Trong chương tiếp theo, tác giả đôi khi đưa ra những lời tuyên bố tóm tắt giới thiệu các sự kiện lần đầu tiên. Nếu những lời tuyên bố này, và những sự kiện xung quanh, không được dịch cẩn thận, độc giả có thể tin rằng cùng một sự kiện xảy ra hai hoặc ba lần thay vì chỉ một lần. Các dịch giả nên cẩn thận để không gây ấn tượng này." +GEN 6 1 x6gk 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 6 1 dj4v figs-activepassive 0 daughters were born to them This can be active. Alternate translation: “the women bore daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Cái này có thể hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Phụ nữ sinh con gái """ +GEN 6 2 l1va 0 sons of God Translators could add a footnote saying: “It is not clear whether this refers to heavenly beings or human beings. In either case, they were beings that God created.” Some believe these words refer to angels who rebelled against God, that is, evil spirits or demons. Others think this may refer to powerful political rulers, and others think this may refer to the descendants of Seth. "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào lời chú thích: "" Không rõ điều này nói đến các hữu thể trên trời hay là con người. Dù thế nào đi nữa, họ là tạo vật mà Đức Chúa Trời tạo ra "" . Một số người tin rằng những lời này nói đến các thiên sứ phản nghịch Đức Chúa Trời, tức các ác thần hoặc ác thần. Others think this may mean to powerful political ruler, and others think this may refers to the descendants of Seth." +GEN 6 3 lz4s 0 My spirit Here Yahweh is talking about himself and his spirit, which is the Spirit of God. Ở đây Đức Giê-hô-va đang nói về chính mình Ngài và Thánh Linh Ngài, ấy là Thánh Linh của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 6 3 et8s 0 flesh This means that they have physical bodies that will one day die. Điều này có nghĩa là họ có thân thể vật lý mà một ngày nào đó sẽ chết. +GEN 6 3 pvv2 translate-numbers 0 They will live 120 years “They will live one hundred and twenty years.” Possible meanings are (1) the normal lifespan of people would decrease to 120 years. Alternate translation: “They will not live more than 120 years” or (2) in 120 years everyone would die. Alternate translation: “They will live only 120 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Họ sẽ sống một trăm hai mươi năm. "" +Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) tuổi thọ bình thường của con người sẽ giảm xuống còn 120 tuổi. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Họ sẽ không sống quá 120 năm "" hoặc ( 2 ) trong 120 năm mỗi người sẽ chết. Dịch cách khác: "" Họ sẽ chỉ sống 120 năm """ +GEN 6 4 e44a 0 Giants very tall, large people Rất cao, những người cao lớn +GEN 6 4 ih17 0 This happened when “The giants were born because” """ Những người khổng lồ được sinh ra vì """ +GEN 6 4 et78 0 sons of God See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:2](../06/02.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 6: 2 ] . +GEN 6 4 slb2 0 These were the mighty men of old “These giants were the mighty men who lived long ago” or “These children grew to become the powerful fighters who lived long ago” Những người khổng lồ này là những người hùng sống cách đây rất lâu. . . hay là những đứa trẻ này đã lớn lên và trở thành những chiến binh quyền lực sống cách đây rất lâu. +GEN 6 4 sk1e 0 mighty men men who are courageous and victorious in battle NHỮNG NGƯỜI CAN ĐẢM VÀ CHIẾN THẮNG TRONG CHIẾN TRẬN +GEN 6 4 u34f 0 men of renown “famous men” """ Những người nổi tiếng """ +GEN 6 5 q6rz 0 every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts “everything their hearts wanted to think about” """ Mọi điều lòng họ muốn nghĩ đến """ +GEN 6 5 id88 figs-metonymy 0 the thoughts of their hearts The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that thinks. Your language may use a word other than “heart” to talk about the part of people that thinks. Alternate translation: “their inner, secret thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Tác giả nói về tấm lòng như thể đó là bộ phận của cơ thể biết suy nghĩ. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể dùng một từ khác với từ "" lòng "" để nói về phần của những người biết suy nghĩ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Những ý tưởng thầm kín bên trong """ +GEN 6 6 mr7b figs-metonymy 0 it grieved him to his heart The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that feels sadness. Your language may use a word other than “heart” to talk about the emotions. Alternate translation: “he was very, very sad about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Tác giả nói về tấm lòng như thể đó là bộ phận của cơ thể cảm thấy buồn rầu. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể dùng một từ khác chứ không phải "" lòng "" để nói về cảm xúc. Một bản dịch khác: "" Anh ấy rất, rất buồn về điều đó """ +GEN 6 7 tk23 figs-metaphor 0 I will wipe away mankind…from the surface of the earth The writer speaks of God killing people as if God were wiping dirt off a flat surface. Alternate translation: “I will destroy mankind…so that there will not be any people on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Trước giả nói tới Đức Chúa Trời đang giết người giống như thể Đức Chúa Trời đang quét sạch bụi bẩn khỏi một mặt phẳng vậy. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Ta sẽ tiêu diệt loài người … để sẽ không còn một dân nào trên đất """ +GEN 6 7 if98 figs-distinguish 0 I will wipe away mankind whom I have created Some languages would need to translate this as two sentences. Alternate translation: “I created mankind. I will wipe them away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Một số ngôn ngữ cần được dịch thành hai câu. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi tạo ra loài người. Ta sẽ quét sạch họ """ +GEN 6 7 ss97 0 wipe away “completely destroy.” Here “wipe away” is used in a negative sense, for God is talking about destroying the people because of their sin. """ Phá hủy hoàn toàn. "" +Ở đây "" tiêu diệt "" được dùng theo nghĩa tiêu cực, vì Đức Chúa Trời đang nói về việc tiêu diệt dân sự vì cớ tội lỗi của họ." +GEN 6 8 sc4m figs-idiom 0 Noah found favor in the eyes of Yahweh The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “Yahweh looked favorably on Noah” or “Yahweh was pleased with Noah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" tìm được ân huệ "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc sự phán xét. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đẹp lòng về Nô-ê "" hoặc "" Đức Giê-hô-va đẹp lòng với Nô-ê """ +GEN 6 9 y7rc 0 General Information: This begins the story of Noah, which continues into chapter 9. Điều này bắt đầu câu chuyện về Nô-ê, được tiếp tục cho đến chương 9. +GEN 6 9 nwq5 0 These were the events concerning Noah “This is the account of Noah” """ Nầy là lời tường thuật về Nô - ê """ +GEN 6 9 eh9u 0 walked with God See how you translated this in [Genesis 5:21](../05/21.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 5: 21 ] . +GEN 6 10 sf7p 0 Noah became the father of three sons “Noah had three sons” or “Noah’s wife had three sons” """ Nô - ê có ba con trai "" hoặc "" vợ Nô - ê có ba con trai """ +GEN 6 10 kk5r 0 Shem, Ham, and Japheth Translators may add the following footnote: “The sons are not listed in the order in which they were born.” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau đây: "" Các con trai không được liệt kê theo thứ tự sinh ra "" ." +GEN 6 11 ym2f figs-metonymy 0 The earth Possible meanings are (1) the people who lived on the earth or (2) “The earth itself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) những người sống trên đất hoặc ( 2 ) "" Chính trái đất. """ +GEN 6 11 cmt9 figs-metaphor 0 was corrupt The people doing what is evil is spoken of as if they were food that has become rotten. Alternate translation: “was rotten” or “was completely evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Những người làm điều ác được nói đến như thể họ là thức ăn đã bị thối rữa. Một cách dịch khác: "" Bị hư thối "" hoặc "" hoàn toàn xấu xa """ +GEN 6 11 uj42 0 before God Possible meanings are (1) “in God’s sight” or (2) “in the presence of Yahweh” as in [Genesis 4:16](../04/16.md). "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" trước mặt Chúa "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" trước mặt Yavê "" như trong [ Sáng thế ký 4: 16 ] ." +GEN 6 11 taq9 figs-metaphor 0 and it was filled with violence The writer speaks of violence as if it were something that could be put into a container and of the earth as a container. Alternate translation: “and there were very many violent people on the earth” or “because it was full of people who did evil things to each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Tác giả nói về sự hung bạo như thể đó là một cái gì có thể được đặt vào trong một vật chứa và trái đất như một vật chứa. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Và có rất nhiều người hung bạo trên đất "" hoặc "" vì trên đất đầy dẫy những kẻ làm điều ác đối với nhau "" ." +GEN 6 12 j3ek 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 6 12 ut53 figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Có thể ý nghĩa của "" mọi xác thịt "" là ( 1 ) mọi người hoặc ( 2 ) mọi hữu thể vật chất, kể cả con người và loài vật." +GEN 6 12 ds5x figs-metaphor 0 had corrupted their way How a person behaves is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Alternate translation: “had stopped living the way God wanted” or “had behaved in an evil way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cách cư xử của một người được nói đến như thể đó là một con đường. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đã ngưng sống theo cách Đức Chúa Trời muốn "" hoặc "" đã cư xử một cách gian ác "" ." +GEN 6 13 qem8 0 all flesh See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những lời nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 6: 12 ] . +GEN 6 13 hw2i 0 the earth is filled with violence through them “people everywhere on earth are violent” """ Người ta ở khắp mọi nơi trên đất đều hung - bạo """ +GEN 6 13 tw4l 0 I will destroy them with the earth “I will destroy both them and the earth” or “I will destroy them when I destroy the earth” """ Ta sẽ hủy diệt cả chúng nó lẫn đất "" hay "" Ta sẽ hủy diệt chúng nó khi ta hủy diệt trái đất """ +GEN 6 14 c3m5 0 an ark This refers to a very large box that would be able to float on water even in a very bad storm. “a large boat” or “a ship” or “a barge” "Điều này ám chỉ một chiếc hộp rất lớn có thể nổi trên mặt nước ngay cả trong một cơn bão rất lớn. "" Một chiếc thuyền lớn "" hoặc "" một chiếc tàu "" hoặc "" một chiếc xà lan """ +GEN 6 14 m88q 0 cypress wood People do not know exactly what kind of tree this was. “wood used for building boats” or “good wood” "Người ta không biết chính xác đó là loại cây gì. "" Gỗ dùng để đóng thuyền "" hay "" gỗ tốt """ +GEN 6 14 a94b figs-explicit 0 cover it with pitch The reason for doing this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “spread pitch on it” or “paint tar on it” or “cover it with pitch to make it waterproof” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Lý do của việc này có thể được làm rõ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Phết hắc ín lên "" hoặc "" Sơn hắc ín lên "" hoặc "" Phủ hắc ín lên để làm cho nó không thấm nước """ +GEN 6 14 ryf4 0 pitch This is a thick, sticky or oily liquid that people put on the outside of a boat to stop water from going through gaps in the wood into the boat. Đây là một chất lỏng đặc, dính hoặc có dầu mà người ta đặt ở bên ngoài của một chiếc thuyền để ngăn nước từ những khe hở trong gỗ chảy vào thuyền. +GEN 6 15 cz5l translate-bdistance 0 cubits A cubit was a unit of measure, a little less than half a meter long. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) Một cubit là một đơn vị đo lường, dài chưa đến nửa mét. +GEN 6 15 xri9 translate-bdistance 0 three hundred cubits “138 meters.” You may use the Hebrew measuring units from the ULT or the metric units from the UST or your own culture’s units if you know how they compare to the metric units. You may also write a footnote that says: “Three hundred cubits is about 138 meters.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) """ 138 mét. "" +Bạn có thể sử dụng các đơn vị đo lường tiếng Hebrew từ ult hoặc các đơn vị đo lường hệ mét từ UST hoặc các đơn vị đo lường văn hóa của riêng bạn nếu bạn biết cách so sánh với các đơn vị đo lường hệ mét. Bạn cũng có thể viết chú thích: "" Ba trăm cu - đê là khoảng 138 mét. """ +GEN 6 15 y496 translate-bdistance 0 fifty cubits “twenty-three meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) """ Hai mươi ba mét """ +GEN 6 15 u2h3 translate-bdistance 0 thirty cubits “fourteen meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) """ Mười bốn mét """ +GEN 6 16 bv39 0 a roof for the ark This was probably a peaked or slanted roof. Its purpose was to protect everything in the ark from the rain. Đây có lẽ là một cái mái nhọn hoắt. Mục đích của nó là bảo vệ mọi thứ trong hòm khỏi cơn mưa. +GEN 6 16 se34 translate-bdistance 0 cubit A cubit was a little less than half a meter long. See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:15](../06/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) Một cubit dài chưa đến nửa mét. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 6: 15 ] . +GEN 6 16 ml4z 0 a lower, a second, and a third deck “a lower deck, a middle deck, and an upper deck” or “three decks inside” """ Tầng dưới, tầng giữa và tầng trên "" hay "" ba tầng bên trong """ +GEN 6 16 gl2q 0 deck “floor” or “level” """ Tầng "" hay "" cấp """ +GEN 6 17 f72f 0 Listen God said this in order to emphasize that he would do what he was about to say. “Pay attention” or “Listen to what I am saying” "Đức Chúa Trời nói điều này nhằm nhấn mạnh rằng Ngài sẽ làm điều Ngài sắp sửa nói. "" Hãy chú ý "" hoặc "" Hãy lắng nghe điều tôi đang nói """ +GEN 6 17 b6s7 figs-go 0 I am about to bring the flood of waters In some languages it may b e better to say “to send” instead of “to bring. It is also possible to avoid the direction and say “to cause.” Alternate translation: “I am about to send a flood of waters” or “I am about to cause a flood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Trong một số ngôn ngữ có thể B E tốt hơn nên nói "" to send "" thay vì "" to bring. Cũng có thể tránh phương hướng và nói "" gây ra "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ khiến nước tràn bờ "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ khiến nước tràn bờ """ +GEN 6 17 h8ev figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Here “flesh” represents all physical beings, including humans and animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" xác thịt "" tiêu biểu cho mọi hữu thể vật chất, kể cả con người và loài vật." +GEN 6 17 jv7g figs-metonymy 0 that has in it the breath of life Here “breath” represents life. Alternate translation: “that lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" hơi thở "" tượng trưng cho sự sống. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" sự sống """ +GEN 6 18 ycd4 0 establish my covenant with you “make a covenant between you and me” """ Hãy lập giao - ước với ta """ +GEN 6 18 uqa9 0 with you with Noah Với Nô-ê +GEN 6 18 c9jq 0 You will come into the ark “You will enter the ark.” Some translations say “You will go into the ark.” """ Ngươi sẽ vào trong chiếc rương. "" +Một số bản dịch nói rằng "" Ngươi sẽ vào tàu. """ +GEN 6 19 gs78 0 Of every living creature of all flesh, two of every kind you must bring into the ark “You must bring into the ark two of every kind of living creature” """ Ngươi phải đem vào trong tàu đủ mọi loài sinh vật """ +GEN 6 19 x8zw 0 creature an animal God created Một con vật được tạo ra +GEN 6 19 v6ar 0 all flesh See how you translated these words in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những lời nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 6: 12 ] . +GEN 6 20 v1mj 0 after their kind “of each different kind” """ Mỗi loại """ +GEN 6 20 ua1j 0 creeping thing of the ground This refers to small animals that move on the ground . Điều này đề cập đến những động vật nhỏ di chuyển trên mặt đất. +GEN 6 20 b3i9 0 two of every sort This refers to two of every kind of bird and animal. Điều này đề cập đến hai trong mỗi loài chim và động vật. +GEN 6 20 f2s1 figs-you 0 to you This refers to Noah and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Điều này đề cập đến Nô-ê và số ít cũng vậy. +GEN 6 20 msl4 0 to keep them alive “so you can keep them alive” """ Để anh có thể giữ cho chúng sống """ +GEN 6 21 w126 figs-you 0 yourself…you These refer to Noah and are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Những chữ này nói đến Nô-ê và ở số ít. +GEN 6 21 bbh4 0 food that is eaten “food that people and animals eat” """ Đồ ăn mà người và súc vật ăn """ +GEN 6 22 df5r figs-parallelism 0 So Noah did this. According to all that God commanded him, so he did These two sentences mean the same thing. The second sentence explains the first and emphasizes that Noah obeyed God. These parallel sentences can be combined into one. Alternate translation: “So Noah did everything that God commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Hai câu này có ý nghĩa như nhau. Câu thứ hai giải thích câu thứ nhất và nhấn mạnh rằng Nô-ê đã vâng lời Đức Chúa Trời. Hai câu song hành này có thể được kết hợp thành một. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Vậy Nô-ê đã làm mọi điều Đức Chúa Trời ra lệnh cho ông làm """ +GEN 7 intro n23k 0 # Genesis 07 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

In this chapter, the author continues his pattern of statements that summarize events already described, and of repeating events that have already happened. Again, careful translation is necessary so that readers do not think that the same events happened more than one time in the story. Special attention in this regard should be given to 7:5,10,13, and 17.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Clean animals and birds

Noah sacrificed to Yahweh some of the “clean” animals and birds that he had with him (8:20). These were animals and birds that the Hebrew people would later consider to be fit to eat and to sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])

### Water underneath and over the earth

The flood is presented as occurring because of rain pouring out of the sky and because of seawater rising from under the earth. This is because the ancient Hebrews pictured the earth as resting on top of the sea. They also pictured the sky as containing water above the earth that poured down through windows in the sky when God allowed it to rain. Translators should not try to change this picture in order to suit what readers believe about the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) "Genesis 07 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Trong chương này, tác giả tiếp tục khuôn mẫu những lời tuyên bố tóm tắt những sự kiện đã được mô tả và những sự kiện lặp lại đã xảy ra. Một lần nữa, dịch cẩn thận là cần thiết để độc giả không nghĩ rằng các sự kiện tương tự đã xảy ra nhiều hơn một lần trong câu chuyện. Cần chú ý đặc biệt trong vấn đề này đến 7: 5,10,13 và 17. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Thú vật và chim sạch +Nô-ê đã dâng sinh tế cho Yahweh một số các loài thú và chim "" sạch "" mà ông đã có với Ngài ( 8: 20 ) . Đây là những thú vật và chim mà sau này người Hê - bơ - rơ xem là thích hợp để ăn và dâng cho Đức Chúa Trời. Nước ở bên dưới và trên khắp đất +Trận Nước Lụt được trình bày như đang xảy ra bởi vì mưa đổ từ trên trời và bởi vì nước biển dâng lên từ dưới đất. Đó là bởi vì những người Hê - bơ - rơ xưa tượng trưng cho trái đất nằm trên mặt biển. Họ cũng tượng trưng cho bầu trời chứa nước trên đất đổ xuống qua các cửa sổ trên trời khi Đức Chúa Trời cho phép trời mưa. Các dịch giả không nên cố gắng thay đổi hình ảnh này cho phù hợp với niềm tin của độc giả về thế gian." +GEN 7 1 n13c 0 General Information: The events in this chapter take place after Noah built the ark, gathered the food, and put it in the ark. Những biến cố trong chương này xảy ra sau khi Nô-ê đóng tàu, thu lượm thức ăn và đặt vào tàu. +GEN 7 1 iml7 figs-go 0 Come…into the ark “Enter…into the ark.” Many translations read “Go…into the ark.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) """ Vào … vào trong con tàu. "" +Nhiều bản dịch đọc là "" Hãy vào … trong tàu. """ +GEN 7 1 lh4z figs-you 0 you The word “you” refers to Noah and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Chữ "" ngươi "" ám chỉ đến Nô-ê và ở số ít." +GEN 7 1 jtj5 0 your household “your family” """ Gia đình anh """ +GEN 7 1 d59a 0 righteous before me This means that God saw Noah as righteous. Điều này có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời xem Nô-ê là công bình. +GEN 7 1 c6rt 0 in this generation This refers to all the people who were living at that time. Alternate translation: “among all the people who are now living” "Điều này ám chỉ tất cả những người đã sống vào thời đó. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Trong tất cả những người hiện đang sống """ +GEN 7 2 qv8l figs-go 0 you will bring “take.” Many translations read “you will take.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) """ Lấy đi. "" +Nhiều bản dịch đọc là "" Ngươi sẽ nhận lấy. """ +GEN 7 2 j5le 0 clean animal This was an animal that God allowed his people to eat and to sacrifice. Đây là một con vật mà Đức Chúa Trời cho phép dân sự Ngài ăn và dâng làm của lễ. +GEN 7 2 js39 0 animals that are not clean These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to sacrifice. Đây là những con vật mà Đức Chúa Trời không cho phép con người ăn hoặc dâng làm của lễ. +GEN 7 3 t2rp 0 to preserve their offspring “so that they will have offspring that will live” or “so that, after the flood, animals will continue to live” """ Hầu cho chúng nó sẽ có con cái sống "" hoặc "" để sau nước lụt các loài thú sẽ tiếp tục sống """ +GEN 7 4 v9e3 0 forty days and forty nights This was a full forty days. It was not a total of eighty days. Alternate translation: “forty days and nights” "Đây là bốn mươi ngày trọn vẹn. Không phải là tổng cộng tám mươi ngày. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Bốn mươi ngày đêm """ +GEN 7 4 ss6k 0 living This refers to physical life. Điều này nói đến sự sống thuộc thể. +GEN 7 6 a3lu 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Các câu 6 - 12 lặp lại lần thứ hai và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một sự kiện mới. +GEN 7 6 y68j 0 came upon the earth “happened” or “came on the earth” """ Đã xảy ra "" hay "" đã đến trên đất """ +GEN 7 7 jew8 0 because of the waters of the flood “because of the flood that would come” or “to escape the flood water” """ Vì nước lụt sẽ đến "" hoặc "" để tránh khỏi nước lụt """ +GEN 7 8 z9t2 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Các câu 6 - 12 lặp lại lần thứ hai và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một sự kiện mới. +GEN 7 8 u2ij 0 clean animals These were animals that God allowed people to eat and to give to him as sacrifices. Đây là những con vật mà Đức Chúa Trời cho phép con người ăn và dâng cho Ngài làm của lễ. +GEN 7 8 er9l 0 unclean animals These were animals that God did not allow people to eat or to give to him as sacrifices. Đây là những con vật mà Đức Chúa Trời không cho phép người ta ăn hoặc dâng cho Ngài làm của - lễ. +GEN 7 9 ib15 0 two by two The animals entered the boat in pairs of one male and one female. Các con vật vào thuyền thành từng cặp một đực và một cái. +GEN 7 10 z7w9 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story: the start of the flood. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện: sự bắt đầu của cơn nước lụt. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 7 10 kkc2 0 after the seven days “after seven days” or “seven days later” """ Sau bảy ngày "" hoặc "" bảy ngày sau """ +GEN 7 10 uy9m figs-explicit 0 the waters of the flood came upon the earth The implicit information, “it started to rain” can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “it started to rain and the waters of the flood came upon the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Thông tin ẩn, "" Trời bắt đầu mưa "" có thể được làm rõ. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Trời bắt đầu mưa và nước lũ tràn vào đất """ +GEN 7 11 gsi1 0 General Information: Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Các câu 6 - 12 lặp lại lần thứ hai và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một sự kiện mới. +GEN 7 11 ybc8 translate-ordinal 0 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life “When Noah was 600 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) """ Khi Nô - ê được 600 tuổi """ +GEN 7 11 wi34 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month Since Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the second month of the Hebrew calendar. But this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) Vì Môi-se đã viết sách này, có thể ông đang đề cập đến tháng thứ hai của lịch Hê-bơ-rơ. Nhưng điều này không chắc chắn. +GEN 7 11 m7m8 0 on the same day This refers to the specific day when the rain began. This phrase emphasizes how all of these major events happened quickly when the time arrived. Điều này nói đến ngày cụ thể khi mưa bắt đầu. Cụm từ này nhấn mạnh cách tất cả những biến cố chính này xảy ra nhanh chóng khi thời điểm đến. +GEN 7 11 tw87 0 the fountains of the great deep burst open “water from under the earth rushed up to the earth’s surface” """ Nước từ dưới đất lên tràn đầy trên mặt đất """ +GEN 7 11 nsh5 0 the great deep This refers to the sea that was thought to be under the earth. Điều này nói đến biển được cho là ở dưới đất. +GEN 7 11 qtm7 0 the windows of heaven were opened This refers to rain. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were opened, the water came down through them. Alternate translation: “the sky opened” or “the doors in the sky opened” "Điều này nói đến mưa. Từ này miêu tả bầu trời như một cái trần giữ cho nước ở trên không rơi xuống đất. Khi các cửa sổ hay cửa ra vào trên trời được mở ra, nước từ đó chảy xuống. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Trời mở ra "" hoặc "" Các cửa trên trời mở ra """ +GEN 7 12 ri9c 0 rain If your language has a word for a great amount of rain, it would be appropriate here. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có một từ để chỉ lượng mưa lớn, nó sẽ thích hợp ở đây. +GEN 7 13 dh5z 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Câu 13 - 18 lặp lại lần thứ ba và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một biến cố mới. +GEN 7 13 yp26 0 On that very same day “On that exact day.” This refers to the day that the rain started. Verses 13-16 tell what Noah did immediately before the rain began. """ Vào đúng ngày đó. "" +Điều này ám chỉ ngày mưa bắt đầu. Câu 13 - 16 cho biết Nô - ê làm gì ngay trước khi mưa bắt đầu." +GEN 7 14 l52z 0 wild animal…livestock…creeping thing…bird These four groups are listed to show that every kind of animal was included. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:24](../01/24.md). Bốn nhóm này được liệt kê ra để cho thấy rằng mỗi loại động vật đã được bao gồm. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có một cách khác để phân nhóm tất cả các loài động vật, bạn có thể sử dụng nó, hoặc bạn có thể sử dụng các nhóm này. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 24 ] . +GEN 7 14 ayv5 0 creeping thing This refers to animals that crawl on the ground, like rodents, insects, lizards, and snakes. Điều này ám chỉ các loài động vật bò trên mặt đất, như loài gặm nhấm, côn trùng, thằn lằn và rắn. +GEN 7 14 v2bb 0 according to its kind “so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:24](../01/24.md). """ Để mỗi loài động vật sẽ sinh ra nhiều con giống như chúng. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 24 ] ." +GEN 7 15 i5qf 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Câu 13 - 18 lặp lại lần thứ ba và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một biến cố mới. +GEN 7 15 pbr7 figs-metonymy 0 Two of all flesh Here “flesh” represents animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" xác thịt "" tiêu biểu cho loài vật." +GEN 7 15 d2w3 figs-metonymy 0 in which was the breath of life Here “breath” represents life. Alternate translation: “that lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" hơi thở "" tượng trưng cho sự sống. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" đã sống """ +GEN 7 15 lgu4 figs-go 0 came to Noah The word “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Chữ "" đã đến "" có thể được dịch là "" đã đi. """ +GEN 7 15 uni5 figs-synecdoche 0 of all flesh Here “flesh” represents animals. Alternate translation: “of every kind of animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" xác thịt "" tiêu biểu cho loài vật. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Của mọi loại thú vật """ +GEN 7 16 j6fz figs-explicit 0 after them The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “after they entered the ark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" sau khi họ vào tàu """ +GEN 7 17 ea6p 0 General Information: Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in [Genesis 7:1-5](./01.md). This is not a new event. Câu 13 - 18 lặp lại lần thứ ba và cho biết thêm chi tiết về cách Nô - ê cùng gia đình và thú vật vào tàu [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 1 - 5 ] ( / 01.MD ) . Đây không phải là một biến cố mới. +GEN 7 17 b3ji 0 the water increased “the water became very deep.” This happened during the forty days while the water kept coming. """ Nước trở nên rất sâu. "" +Điều này đã xảy ra trong suốt bốn mươi ngày khi nước cứ tiếp tục đến." +GEN 7 17 ww1c 0 lifted the ark “it caused the ark to float” """ Nó làm cho tàu nổi lên """ +GEN 7 17 n9ke 0 raised it above the earth “causes the ark to rise up high over the ground” or “he ark floated on top of the deep water” """ Làm cho chiếc tàu nổi lên trên mặt đất "" hay "" chiếc tàu nổi trên mặt nước sâu """ +GEN 7 19 j266 0 The waters rose greatly on the earth “The water totally overwhelmed the earth” """ Nước ngập cả đất """ +GEN 7 20 k8t7 0 fifteen cubits “six meters.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:15](../06/15.md). """ Sáu mét. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 6: 15 ] ." +GEN 7 21 x8dz 0 moved upon “moved about” or “roamed” """ Đi lòng vòng "" hay "" lang thang """ +GEN 7 21 hq98 0 all the living creatures that lived in great numbers upon the earth This refers to all the animals that move around on the ground in large groups. Điều này đề cập đến tất cả các động vật di chuyển trên mặt đất trong các nhóm lớn. +GEN 7 22 wlj2 figs-synecdoche 0 who breathed the breath of life through their noses Here “noses” represent the whole animal or human. Alternate translation: “everyone that breathed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mũi "" tiêu biểu cho toàn thể con vật hay con người. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mọi người có hơi thở """ +GEN 7 22 cdp8 figs-metonymy 0 the breath of life The words “breath” and “life” represent the power that causes people and animals to be alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Những từ "" hơi thở "" và "" sự sống "" tiêu biểu cho quyền năng khiến cho con người và thú vật được sống." +GEN 7 23 ki1a figs-activepassive 0 So every living thing…was wiped out If necessary, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So every living thing…perished” or “So the flood completely destroyed every living thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Nếu cần thiết, điều này có thể được nêu trong hình thức hoạt động. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Vậy mọi sinh vật … đều diệt vong "" hay "" Vậy trận lụt đã hủy diệt mọi sinh vật """ +GEN 7 23 wvw2 figs-activepassive 0 They were all destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God destroyed them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời hủy diệt tất cả """ +GEN 7 23 pnx5 0 from the earth “so they were no longer on the earth” """ Để họ không còn ở trên đất nữa """ +GEN 7 23 drq1 0 those with him “the people and animals that were with him” """ Những người và thú vật ở với Ngài """ +GEN 7 23 g46l 0 were left “remained” or “lived” or “remained alive” """ Vẫn còn "" hay "" sống "" hay "" vẫn còn sống """ +GEN 8 intro z61w 0 # Genesis 08 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:22, which is part of what Yahweh was telling Noah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Flood waters
The waters receded after this great flood. Because there was so much water, and it came from God, it is described in a unique way.

### The mountains of Ararat
It is unclear where Ararat was located. Many people believe it is located in the modern country of Turkey. "Genesis 08 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với Thi ca trong 8: 22, là một phần của những gì Yahweh đang nói với Nô-ê. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Nước Lụt +Nước rút đi sau cơn Đại Hồng Thủy. Vì có quá nhiều nước, và nó đến từ Đức Chúa Trời, nó được mô tả một cách độc đáo. Các núi A - ra - rát +Không rõ A - ra - rát nằm ở đâu. Nhiều người tin rằng nó nằm ở nước Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ hiện đại." +GEN 8 1 vs3j 0 considered Noah “remembered Noah” or “decided to help Noah” """ Nhớ lại Nô-ê "" hay "" quyết định giúp đỡ Nô-ê """ +GEN 8 1 xtv9 0 ark This refers to a very large box that would be able to float on water even in a very bad storm. See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:14](../06/14.md). Alternate translation: “a large boat” or “a ship” or “a barge” "Điều này ám chỉ một chiếc hộp rất lớn có thể nổi trên mặt nước ngay cả trong một cơn bão rất lớn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 6: 14 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Một chiếc thuyền lớn "" hoặc "" một chiếc tàu "" hoặc "" một chiếc xà lan """ +GEN 8 2 zi8q figs-activepassive 0 The fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven were closed “The water stopped coming out of the ground and the rain stopped falling.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God closed the fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) """ Nước ngừng ra khỏi đất và mưa cũng ngừng rơi. "" +Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đóng các nguồn của vực sâu và các cửa sổ trên trời """ +GEN 8 2 p1zi 0 fountains of the deep “water from under the earth.” See how this is translated in [Genesis 7:11](../07/11.md). """ Nước từ dưới đất lên. "" +Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 11 ] ." +GEN 8 2 dh7e 0 the windows of heaven were closed This refers to the rain stopping. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the waters above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were closed, the water stopped coming through them. See how “the windows of heaven” is translated in [Genesis 7:11](../07/11.md). Alternate translation: “the sky closed” or “the doors in the sky closed” "Điều này nói đến việc mưa ngừng. Kinh Thánh miêu tả bầu trời như một cái trần giữ cho nước không rơi xuống đất. Khi các cửa sổ, hay cửa ra vào trên trời đóng lại, nước ngưng chảy qua các cửa sổ. Hãy xem "" các cửa sổ trên trời "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 7: 11 ] . Bản dịch khác: "" Trời đóng lại "" hoặc "" các cửa trên trời đóng lại """ +GEN 8 4 te6b 0 came to rest “landed” or “stopped on solid ground” """ Hạ cánh "" hay "" dừng lại trên mặt đất cứng """ +GEN 8 4 fi75 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) Vì Môi-se đã viết sách này, có thể ông đang đề cập đến tháng thứ bảy theo lịch Hê-bơ-rơ, nhưng điều này không chắc chắn. +GEN 8 5 gf1v translate-hebrewmonths 0 tenth month Because Moses wrote this book, it is possible he is referring to the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) Vì Môi-se đã viết sách này, có thể ông đang đề cập đến tháng thứ mười theo lịch Hê-bơ-rơ, nhưng điều này không chắc chắn. +GEN 8 5 l1gg 0 On the first day of the month “On the first day of the tenth month” """ Ngày mồng một tháng Mười """ +GEN 8 5 yhx2 figs-explicit 0 appeared This can be made more explicit: “appeared above the surface of the water.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được nói rõ hơn: "" Hiện ra trên mặt nước "" ." +GEN 8 6 lmm4 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “It happened that” "Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tình cờ """ +GEN 8 6 k8bq figs-distinguish 0 It came about…the window of the ark which he had made The phrase “which he had made” tells about the window. Some languages may need to make this phrase a separate sentence: “Noah had made a window in the boat. It came about after forty days that he opened the window” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Cụm từ "" việc Ngài đã làm "" nói về cửa sổ. Một số ngôn ngữ có lẽ cần tách riêng cụm từ này thành một câu: "" Nô - ê đã làm một cửa sổ trên thuyền. Người mở cửa sổ mình ra, sau bốn mươi ngày """ +GEN 8 7 rm8x 0 raven a black bird that eats mainly the flesh of dead animals Một con chim đen chủ yếu ăn thịt động vật chết +GEN 8 7 s2vc 0 it flew back and forth This means that the raven kept leaving the boat and returning. Điều này có nghĩa là con quạ cứ ra khỏi thuyền và trở về. +GEN 8 7 dn2u figs-activepassive 0 until the waters were dried up This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the wind dried up the waters” or “until the waters dried up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Cho đến khi gió khô cạn nước "" hoặc "" cho đến khi nước khô cạn """ +GEN 8 8 f1ln 0 he sent out a dove If you use masculine pronouns for the word “dove,” you may need to insert Noah’s name here to avoid confusion: “Noah sent out a dove.” "Nếu dùng đại từ giống đực cho từ "" bồ câu "" , có lẽ bạn cần điền tên Nô - ê vào đây để tránh nhầm lẫn: "" Nô - ê thả một con bồ - câu "" ." +GEN 8 9 r2x5 0 to rest her foot “to land” or “to perch.” It means to land on something in order to rest from flying. """ Đậu "" hay "" đậu "" . Nó có nghĩa là đậu trên cái gì đó để nghỉ ngơi sau khi bay." +GEN 8 9 clq5 0 her foot…she returned…and brought her The word “dove” is feminine in the author’s language. You could translate these phrases with the pronouns “its…it…it” or “his…he…him,” depending on how your language refers to a dove. "Từ "" Dove "" mang tính nữ trong ngôn ngữ của tác giả. Bạn có thể dịch những cụm từ này với đại từ "" nó … nó … nó "" hoặc "" Ngài … là … Ngài "" tùy thuộc vào cách ngôn ngữ của bạn đề cập đến một con chim bồ câu." +GEN 8 9 rst8 0 he…him If you use masculine pronouns for the word “dove,” you may need to insert Noah’s name here to avoid confusion: “Noah sent out a dove,” “Noah stretched forth his hand,” etc. "Nếu bạn dùng đại từ giống đực cho từ "" bồ câu "" , bạn có thể cần phải điền tên Nô - ê vào đây để tránh nhầm lẫn: "" Nô - ê thả một con bồ - câu "" , "" Nô - ê giơ tay ra "" v.v. . ." +GEN 8 10 p48z 0 He waited another seven days “He again waited for seven days” """ Ngài lại chờ - đợi bảy ngày """ +GEN 8 11 hjg1 0 Look “Pay attention” or “This is important” """ Chú ý "" hay "" điều nầy là quan trọng """ +GEN 8 11 mc6s 0 a freshly plucked olive leaf “a leaf that she had just plucked from an olive tree” """ Một chiếc lá mà nàng mới nhổ khỏi cây ô - li - ve """ +GEN 8 11 nbw2 0 plucked “broken off” """ Bị cắt đứt """ +GEN 8 12 x79p figs-explicit 0 She did not return again to him If people would not understand, you could state the reason explicitly: “She did not return again to him because she found a place to land.” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nếu mọi người không hiểu, bạn có thể trình bày lý do một cách rõ ràng: "" Nàng không trở lại cùng người nữa, vì đã tìm được nơi để đáp xuống "" ." +GEN 8 13 ejr2 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 8 13 nhb3 translate-ordinal 0 in the six hundred and first year “when Noah was 601 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) """ Khi Nô - ê được lupus tuổi """ +GEN 8 13 k4h8 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the first month, on the first day of the month Since Moses wrote this book it is possible he is referring to the first month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) Vì Môi-se đã viết sách này, có thể ông đang đề cập đến tháng đầu tiên của lịch Hê-bơ-rơ, nhưng điều này không chắc chắn. +GEN 8 13 dvf1 figs-activepassive 0 the waters were dried up from off the earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the waters covering the earth dried up” or “the wind dried up the waters covering the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nước bao phủ đất khô cạn "" hoặc "" Gió làm khô cạn nước bao phủ đất """ +GEN 8 13 uyy6 0 the covering of the ark This refers to a cover that kept the rain water from going into the ark. Điều này ám chỉ một tấm vải che không cho nước mưa chảy vào hòm. +GEN 8 13 l4nx 0 behold The word “behold” tells us to pay attention to the important information that comes next. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" cho chúng ta biết phải chú ý đến phần thông tin quan trọng đến tiếp theo đó." +GEN 8 14 afz6 translate-hebrewmonths 0 In the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month “On the twenty seventh day of the second month.” This may refer to the second month of the Hebrew calendar, but this is uncertain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) """ Vào ngày hai mươi bảy tháng Hai. "" +Điều này có thể chỉ về tháng thứ hai của lịch Hê-bơ-rơ, nhưng điều này không chắc chắn." +GEN 8 14 tn29 0 the earth was dry “the ground was completely dry” """ Đất đã khô rồi """ +GEN 8 16 k1zj figs-go 0 Go out of “Leave.” Some translations read “Come out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) """ Đi đi. "" +Một số bản dịch ghi là "" Hãy ra đi "" ." +GEN 8 17 y1p1 figs-go 0 Take out “Take.” Some translations read “Bring out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) """ Lấy đi. "" +Một số bản dịch ghi là "" đem ra. """ +GEN 8 17 cg9q 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living creature.” See how “all flesh” is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). """ Mọi loài sinh vật. "" +Hãy xem từ "" mọi xác - thịt "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 6: 12 ] ." +GEN 8 17 bv2p figs-doublet 0 be fruitful and multiply This is an idiom. See how this is translated in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). God wanted the humans and animals to reproduce, so there would be many of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Đây là một thành ngữ. Hãy xem cách dịch nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 1: 28 ] . Đức Chúa Trời muốn loài người và loài vật sinh sản, vì vậy sẽ có nhiều người. +GEN 8 18 e5a9 figs-go 0 Noah went out Some translations read “Noah came out.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Một số bản dịch là "" Nô - ê bước ra "" ." +GEN 8 19 g5xb 0 according to their families “in groups of their own kinds” """ Trong những nhóm đồng loại """ +GEN 8 20 wu8x 0 built an altar to Yahweh “built an altar dedicated to Yahweh” or “built an altar for worshiping Yahweh.” He may have built it with stones. """ Hãy lập một bàn thờ cho Đức Giê-hô-va "" hoặc "" Hãy lập một bàn thờ để thờ phượng Đức Giê-hô-va. "" +Có thể ông đã xây nó bằng đá." +GEN 8 20 y625 0 clean animals…clean birds Here “clean” means that God allowed these animals to be used in sacrifice. Some animals were not used for sacrifices and were called “unclean.” "Ở đây "" tinh sạch "" có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời cho phép những con vật nầy được dùng làm sinh tế. Một số con vật không được dùng làm của lễ và bị gọi là "" ô uế "" ." +GEN 8 20 t66t 0 offered burnt offerings Noah killed the animals and then completely burned them up as an offering to God. Alternate translation: “burned the animals as offerings to Yahweh” "Nô-ê đã giết các loài thú và sau đó thiêu chúng hoàn toàn như một của lễ dâng cho Đức Chúa Trời. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Thiêu các loài thú để dâng cho Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 8 21 z8wm 0 pleasing aroma This refers to the good smell of the roasted meat. Điều này ám chỉ mùi thơm của thịt nướng. +GEN 8 21 v91q 0 said in his heart Here the word “heart” refers to God’s thoughts and emotions. "Ở đây từ ngữ "" lòng "" ám chỉ tư tưởng và cảm xúc của Đức Chúa Trời." +GEN 8 21 li87 0 curse the ground “do very serious harm to the earth” """ Làm hại rất nghiêm trọng cho trái đất """ +GEN 8 21 t7q2 figs-explicit 0 because of mankind This can be made more explicit: “because mankind is sinful.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được nói rõ hơn: "" Vì loài người là tội lỗi "" ." +GEN 8 21 k2f9 0 the intentions of their hearts is evil from childhood “from their earliest years they tend to do evil things” or “when they are young, they want to do evil things” """ Từ những năm đầu đời họ đã có khuynh hướng làm điều ác "" hoặc "" khi còn trẻ, họ muốn làm điều ác """ +GEN 8 21 i5xk 0 the intentions of their hearts Here the word “hearts” refers to people’s thoughts, emotions, desires, and will. Alternate translation: “their tendency” or “their habit” "Ở đây từ ngữ "" lòng "" đề cập tới tư tưởng, cảm xúc, ước muốn, và ý chí của con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" khuynh hướng "" hay "" thói quen """ +GEN 8 21 me8a 0 from childhood This refers to an older child. Alternate translation: “from their youth” "Điều này ám chỉ một đứa trẻ lớn hơn. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Từ khi còn nhỏ """ +GEN 8 22 t468 0 While the earth remains “While the earth lasts” or “As long as the earth exists” """ Chừng nào trái đất còn tồn tại "" hay "" chừng nào trái đất còn tồn tại """ +GEN 8 22 mwx9 0 seed time “the season for planting” """ MÙA - Màng """ +GEN 8 22 v7fe figs-merism 0 cold and heat, summer and winter These expressions both refer to two major weather conditions in the year. Translators may use local expressions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) Cả hai cụm từ này đều đề cập đến hai điều kiện thời tiết chính trong năm. Người dịch có thể dùng cụm từ địa phương. +GEN 8 22 wu43 0 summer the hot, dry time of the year Thời điểm nóng bức, khô hạn của năm +GEN 8 22 t9hn 0 winter the cool, wet or snowy time of the year Thời điểm lạnh lẽo, ẩm ướt hoặc tuyết rơi trong năm +GEN 8 22 vy7b figs-doublenegatives 0 will not cease “will not cease to exist” or “will not cease to occur.” This can be expressed in a positive manner. Alternate translation: “will continue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) """ Sẽ không hết "" hoặc "" sẽ không hết "" . Điều này có thể được diễn tả một cách tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sẽ tiếp tục """ +GEN 9 intro at1n 0 # Genesis 09 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations prefer to set apart extended quotations, prayers or songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of 9:6-7, which is the poetic part of the quotation, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. They also set apart 9:25-27, which contains two quotations.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 9:6 and 9:25-27.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Man’s relationship to animals
There is a noticeable shift in man’s relationship with the animals on the earth. Before the flood, there apparently was harmony between man and the animals. After the flood, the animals fear man and man is permitted to eat the animals, something he was not allowed to do previously. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Life in the blood
This chapter introduces the concept that there is life in the blood of an animal and in man. In Hebrew thought, blood represents the life present in a living thing. This is an image used throughout Scripture. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blood]])

### Covenant with Noah
God made a covenant with Noah. This covenant was an unconditional promise God made to never destroy the whole world with a flood. Rainbows are a perpetual sign of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### A father’s nakedness
In Noah’s culture, it was unacceptable to see a father’s nakedness. It was wrong for Ham to show his brothers their father’s nakedness. Ham’s actions were insulting or disrespectful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth”
This is a command that God gives. He expects Noah to obey him. "Sáng thế ký 09 ghi chú +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Một số bản dịch thích để riêng những câu trích dẫn, lời cầu nguyện hoặc bài hát mở rộng. Bản dịch ult và nhiều bản dịch tiếng Anh khác đặt những dòng trong 9: 6 - 7, là phần thi vị của câu trích dẫn, nằm xa hơn về bên phải trang so với phần còn lại của bản văn. Họ cũng để riêng 9: 25 - 27, trong đó có hai câu trích dẫn. Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của văn bản để giúp nó dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với thơ trong 9: 6 và 9: 25 - 27. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Mối quan hệ của con người với động vật +Có một sự thay đổi đáng chú ý trong mối quan hệ của con người với loài vật trên đất. Trước trận Nước Lụt, dường như có sự hòa hợp giữa người và thú vật. Sau trận Nước Lụt, thú vật sợ người và người được phép ăn thịt thú vật, là điều mà trước đây họ không được phép làm. SỰ SỐNG TRONG HUYẾT +Chương này giới thiệu khái niệm rằng có sự sống trong huyết của một con vật và trong con người. Trong tư tưởng Hê-bơ-rơ, huyết tượng trưng cho sự sống hiện diện trong một vật sống. Đây là một hình ảnh được sử dụng xuyên suốt Kinh Thánh. Giao ước với Nô - ê +God made a covenant with Noah. Giao ước này là một lời hứa vô điều kiện Đức Chúa Trời lập ra để không bao giờ hủy diệt cả thế gian bằng một cơn nước lụt. Cầu vồng là một dấu hiệu vĩnh cửu của giao ước này. Sự trần truồng của người cha +Trong nền văn hóa của Nô-ê, không thể chấp nhận được việc nhìn thấy sự trần truồng của người cha. Việc Cham cho anh em mình thấy sự trần truồng của cha là điều sai trái. Hành động của Cham là sỉ nhục hoặc bất kính. Những khó khăn khác có thể được dịch trong chương này +"" Hãy sanh sản, thêm nhiều và làm cho đầy dẫy đất "" +Đây là một mệnh lệnh Đức Chúa Trời ban cho. Ngài muốn Nô - ê vâng lời ngài." +GEN 9 1 bpc9 figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth This is God’s blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated these commands in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là ơn phước của Đức Chúa Trời. Ngài bảo Nô - ê và gia đình ông sinh thêm nhiều người giống như họ, hầu cho sẽ có nhiều người giống như họ. Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách họ phải "" sanh - sản "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những điều răn này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 28 ] ." +GEN 9 2 e28l figs-metaphor 0 The fear of you and the dread of you will be upon every living animal…and upon all the fish of the sea The writer speaks of fear and dread as if they were physical objects that could be upon the animals. Alternate translation: “Every living animal…and all the fish of the sea will be dreadfully afraid of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Tác giả nói về sự sợ hãi và khiếp đảm như thể chúng là những vật thể có thể có trên mình thú vật. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Mọi loài vật sống … và mọi loài cá dưới biển sẽ khiếp sợ ngươi """ +GEN 9 2 ax85 figs-doublet 0 The fear of you and the dread of you The words “fear” and “dread” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how afraid the animals will be of mankind. Alternate translation: “A dreadful fear of you” or “A terrible fear of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Những từ "" sợ "" và "" kinh hãi "" về cơ bản có cùng nghĩa và nhấn mạnh sự sợ hãi của loài vật đối với nhân loại. Một cách dịch khác: "" Một sự sợ hãi kinh khiếp đối với bạn "" hoặc "" Một sự sợ hãi kinh khiếp đối với bạn """ +GEN 9 2 gm7c 0 every living animal on the earth This is the first of the four categories of animals that the writer lists, and not a summary of the rest of the animals that he mentions next. Đây là loại đầu tiên trong số bốn loại động vật mà tác giả liệt kê, và không phải là bảng tóm tắt về các loài động vật còn lại mà ông đề cập tiếp theo. +GEN 9 2 qqp7 0 bird This is a general term for things that fly. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:21](../01/21.md). Đây là một thuật ngữ chung chỉ những thứ biết bay. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 21 ] . +GEN 9 2 fhz4 0 upon everything that goes low on the ground This includes all types of small animals. See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:25](../01/25.md). Điều này bao gồm tất cả các loại động vật nhỏ. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 25 ] . +GEN 9 2 g7t3 figs-metonymy 0 They are given into your hand The hand represents control. This can be made active. Alternate translation: “They are given into your control” or “I have put them under your control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Bàn tay tượng trưng cho sự kiểm soát. Nó có thể được kích hoạt. Thay vì thế, hãy dịch câu này: "" Chúng nằm trong tầm kiểm soát của bạn "" hoặc "" Tôi đã đặt chúng dưới sự kiểm soát của bạn """ +GEN 9 3 gxp7 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô - ê và các con trai ông. +GEN 9 4 s9mx 0 life…blood Translators may add a footnote such as this: “The blood is a symbol for life.” They may also add a footnote that says something like this: “God was commanding people not to eat meat while the blood was still in it. They had to drain out the blood first.” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào lời chú thích như sau: "" Huyết là biểu tượng cho sự sống "" . Họ cũng có thể thêm vào lời chú thích như sau: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã ra lệnh cho người ta không được ăn thịt khi huyết vẫn còn trong thịt. Họ phải uống máu trước đã "" ." +GEN 9 5 jd7y 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô - ê và các con trai ông. +GEN 9 5 t1t8 0 But for your blood This contrasts man’s blood with the blood of animals ([Genesis 9:4](../09/04.md)). Điều này tương phản máu người với máu thú vật ( [ Sáng - thế Ký 9: 4 ] ) . +GEN 9 5 w9jw figs-explicit 0 for your blood, the life that is in your blood It is implied that the blood is shed, or poured out, or spilled out. Alternate translation: “if anyone causes your blood to pour out” or “if anyone spills your blood” or “if anyone kills you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Nó ngụ ý rằng huyết bị đổ ra, hoặc đổ ra, hoặc làm đổ ra. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nếu có ai làm đổ máu anh em "" hoặc "" Nếu có ai làm đổ máu anh em "" hoặc "" Nếu có ai giết anh em """ +GEN 9 5 c5je 0 life This refers to physical life. Điều này nói đến sự sống thuộc thể. +GEN 9 5 sp2y 0 I will require payment This payment refers to the death of the murderer, not to money. Alternate translation: “I will require anyone who kills you to pay” "Sự trả thù này ám chỉ đến cái chết của kẻ giết người, chứ không phải tiền bạc. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ta sẽ đòi bất cứ ai giết ngươi phải trả """ +GEN 9 5 f5z4 figs-synecdoche 0 from the hand Here the word “hand” refers to the one who is responsible for something happening. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây chữ "" tay "" ám chỉ đến Đấng chịu trách nhiệm về một điều gì đó đang xảy ra." +GEN 9 5 ihu7 0 From the hand of every animal I will require it “I will require any animal that takes your life to pay” """ Ta sẽ đòi bất cứ con vật nào lấy mạng sống ngươi làm giá chuộc """ +GEN 9 5 kr1g 0 From the hand of any man, that is, from the hand of one who has murdered his brother, I will require an accounting for the life of that man “I will require anyone who takes the life of another person to pay” """ Tôi sẽ đòi hỏi bất cứ ai lấy mạng sống của một người khác trả giá """ +GEN 9 5 hye6 figs-synecdoche 0 From the hand of This phrase refers to the person in a very personal way. Alternate translation: “From that very man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Cụm từ nầy đề cập tới hạng người theo cách rất cá nhân. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Từ người đó """ +GEN 9 5 n71j 0 brother Here “brother” is used as a general reference to relatives, such as members of the same tribe, clan, or people group. "Ở đây từ "" anh em "" được dùng như một từ chỉ chung chung về những người thân, chẳng hạn như những thành viên của cùng một chi phái, thị tộc, hoặc nhóm người." +GEN 9 6 ghj9 figs-metaphor 0 Whoever sheds man’s blood, by man will his blood be shed The shedding of blood is a metaphor for killing someone. This means that if a person murders someone, someone else must kill the murderer. However, “blood” is very significant in this passage and should be used in the translation if possible. Translate “sheds blood” with words that indicate a major loss of blood that causes death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đổ máu là hình ảnh ẩn dụ cho việc giết người. Điều này có nghĩa là nếu một người giết ai đó, người khác phải giết kẻ giết người đó. Tuy nhiên, "" huyết "" rất quan trọng trong đoạn văn này và nên được dùng trong bản dịch nếu có thể. Hãy dịch "" làm đổ huyết "" bằng những từ cho thấy một sự mất máu trầm trọng gây ra sự chết." +GEN 9 6 pnh5 0 for it was in the image of God that he made man “because God made people to be like him” or “because I made people in my own image” """ Vì Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho con người nên giống như Ngài "" hoặc "" Vì Ta đã làm nên con người theo hình ảnh của chính Ta """ +GEN 9 7 r2cz figs-doublet 0 be fruitful and multiply This is God’s blessing. He told Noah and his family to produce more humans like themselves, so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how they are to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là ơn phước của Đức Chúa Trời. Ngài bảo Nô - ê và gia đình ông sinh thêm nhiều người giống như họ, hầu cho sẽ có nhiều người giống như họ. Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách họ phải "" sanh - sản "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 28 ] ." +GEN 9 8 ra1n 0 Then God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him God was already speaking to them. This phrase marks a change in what God was going to speak about. Alternate translation: “God continued speaking to Noah and his sons” or “Then God went on to say” "Đức Chúa Trời đã phán với họ rồi. Nhóm từ này đánh dấu một sự thay đổi trong điều Đức Chúa Trời sắp phán về. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô-ê và các con trai ông "" hay "" Rồi Đức Chúa Trời phán tiếp """ +GEN 9 9 cpy2 0 As for me This phrase is used in English to mark the change from God talking about what Noah and his sons must do to talking about what God would do. Cụm từ này được sử dụng trong tiếng Anh để đánh dấu sự thay đổi từ chỗ Đức Chúa Trời nói về những gì Nô-ê và các con trai ông phải làm sang nói về những gì Đức Chúa Trời sẽ làm. +GEN 9 9 maf2 0 confirm my covenant with you “make a covenant between you and me.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:18](../06/18.md). """ Hãy lập giao ước giữa ngươi và Ta. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 6: 18 ] ." +GEN 9 11 q967 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô - ê và các con trai ông. +GEN 9 11 lay9 0 I hereby confirm my covenant with you “By saying this, I make my covenant with you.” See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 6:18](../06/18.md). """ Nói như vậy rồi, ta lập giao ước cùng các ngươi "" . Hãy xem những lời tương tự được dịch trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 6: 18 ] ." +GEN 9 11 zug5 figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. See how this is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Có thể ý nghĩa của "" mọi xác thịt "" là ( 1 ) mọi người hoặc ( 2 ) mọi hữu thể vật chất, kể cả con người và loài vật. Hãy xem câu này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 6: 12 ] ." +GEN 9 11 wr5z 0 Never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth “There will never again be a flood that destroys the earth.” There would be floods, but they would not destroy the whole earth. """ Sẽ chẳng còn có nước lụt hủy - phá đất nầy nữa "" . Sẽ có những trận lụt, nhưng chúng sẽ không hủy diệt cả trái đất." +GEN 9 12 r1uh 0 sign This means a reminder of something that was promised. Điều này có nghĩa là sự nhắc nhở về một điều gì đó đã được hứa. +GEN 9 12 tl5l 0 covenant…for all future generations The covenant applies to Noah and his family and also to all generations that follow. Giao ước áp dụng cho Nô-ê và gia đình ông và cũng cho mọi thế hệ nối theo sau. +GEN 9 14 l8xy 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô - ê và các con trai ông. +GEN 9 14 s4e4 0 It will come about when “Whenever.” It is something that would happen many times. """ Bất cứ khi nào. "" +Đó là điều sẽ xảy ra nhiều lần." +GEN 9 14 f9zr figs-activepassive 0 the rainbow is seen It is not clear who will see the rainbow, but because the covenant is between Yahweh and people, if you need to say who it is who will see the rainbow, it would be best to name both Yahweh and people. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people and I see the rainbow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Không rõ ai sẽ nhìn thấy cái cầu vồng, nhưng vì giao ước là giữa Đức Giê-hô-va và con người, nếu bạn cần phải nói ai sẽ nhìn thấy cái cầu vồng, thì tốt nhất là bạn nên xưng cả Đức Giê-hô-va và con người ra. Điều này có thể được dịch dưới dạng chủ động. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Con người và tôi nhìn thấy chiếc cầu vồng """ +GEN 9 14 kg5c 0 rainbow the colorful strip of light that appears in the rain when the sun shines from behind the viewer Dải ánh sáng đầy màu sắc xuất hiện trong cơn mưa khi mặt trời chiếu từ phía sau người xem +GEN 9 15 i9p6 0 I will call to mind my covenant This does not mean that God would first forget. Alternate translation: “I will think about my covenant” "Điều này không có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời sẽ quên trước hết. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Tôi sẽ nghĩ về giao ước của tôi """ +GEN 9 15 d7pg 0 me and you The word “you” is plural. God was speaking to Noah and Noah’s sons. "Chữ "" các ngươi "" là số nhiều. Đức Chúa Trời đang nói với các con trai của Nô - ê." +GEN 9 15 lk6n 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living being” """ Mọi vật sống """ +GEN 9 15 vn2n figs-synecdoche 0 all flesh Possible meanings for what “all flesh” represents are (1) all human beings or (2) all physical beings, including humans and animal. See how this is translated in [Genesis 6:12](../06/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Có thể ý nghĩa của "" mọi xác thịt "" là ( 1 ) mọi người hoặc ( 2 ) mọi hữu thể vật chất, kể cả con người và loài vật. Hãy xem câu này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 6: 12 ] ." +GEN 9 16 kbz5 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Nô - ê và các con trai ông. +GEN 9 16 b2e4 0 in order to remember “so that I will remember” or “so that I will think about” """ Để tôi sẽ nhớ "" hay "" Để tôi sẽ nghĩ đến """ +GEN 9 16 kf45 0 between God and every living creature God is speaking here. Alternate translation: “between me and every living creature” "Chúa đang phán ở đây. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Giữa ta và mọi sinh vật """ +GEN 9 16 m4th 0 every living creature of all flesh “every kind of living being.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 9:15](../09/15.md). """ Mọi loại sinh vật. "" +Hãy xem cách dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 9: 15 ] ." +GEN 9 17 x593 0 Then God said to Noah God was already talking to Noah. This phrase marks the final part of what God was saying. Alternate translation: “God finished by saying to Noah” or “So God said to Noah” "Đức Chúa Trời đã nói chuyện với Nô-ê. Cụm từ này đánh dấu phần cuối cùng của những gì Đức Chúa Trời đang nói. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã kết thúc bằng cách phán cùng Nô-ê "" hay "" Đức Chúa Trời đã phán cùng Nô-ê như vậy """ +GEN 9 18 n7g4 0 General Information: Verses 18-19 introduce the three sons of Noah, who will be an important part of the next story. Câu 18 - 19 giới thiệu ba con trai của Nô - ê, họ sẽ là một phần quan trọng trong câu chuyện kế tiếp. +GEN 9 18 zxn9 0 father Ham was Canaan’s true father. Cham là cha thật của Canaan. +GEN 9 20 bvi9 0 farmer person who raises plants for food Người nuôi cây lương thực +GEN 9 21 d5k4 0 became drunk “drank too much wine” """ Uống rượu quá độ """ +GEN 9 21 e6dg 0 uncovered The text does not specify how much of Noah’s body was uncovered as he lay drunk. His sons’ reactions show us that it was shameful. Bản văn không nói rõ có bao nhiêu thi thể của Nô-ê được phát hiện khi ông say rượu. Phản ứng của các con trai Nô - ê cho chúng ta thấy đó là điều đáng xấu hổ. +GEN 9 22 xd8e 0 his father This refers to Noah. Điều này ám chỉ Nô-ê. +GEN 9 24 ka8c 0 General Information: In verses 25-27 Noah pronounced a curse on Ham’s son and blessings on Ham’s brothers. What Noah said about them also applied to their descendants, as shown in the UST. Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in Noah’s curse and blessings in verses 25-27. Trong câu 25 - 27, Nô - ê tuyên bố một sự rủa sả trên con của Cham và phước lành trên anh em của Cham. Những gì Nô - ê nói về họ cũng áp dụng cho con cháu của họ, như được thấy nơi Ust. Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ ở xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của văn bản để dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với thơ trong lời rủa sả và phước lành của Nô - ê trong câu 25 - 27. +GEN 9 24 w9sj 0 awoke from his wine He awoke after drinking wine and becoming drunk. He “became sober.” "Anh tỉnh dậy sau khi uống rượu và trở nên say. Ông "" tỉnh - ngộ "" ." +GEN 9 24 y2mt 0 his youngest son This refers to Ham. Alternate translation: “his youngest son, Ham” "Điều này ám chỉ đến Cham. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Con trai út của ông là Ham """ +GEN 9 25 tmj7 0 Cursed be Canaan “I curse Canaan” or “May bad things happen to Canaan” """ Ta rủa sả xứ Canaan "" hay "" hầu cho những việc xấu xảy đến cho xứ Canaan """ +GEN 9 25 p9e7 0 Canaan This was one of Ham’s sons. Alternate translation: “Ham’s son Canaan” "Đây là một trong những con trai của Cham. Dịch cách khác: "" Con trai của Cham là Ca - na - an """ +GEN 9 25 kp5y 0 a servant to his brothers’ servants “the lowest servant of his brothers” or “the least important servant of his brothers” """ Tôi tớ hèn mọn nhất của anh em mình "" hoặc "" Tôi tớ kém quan trọng nhất của anh em mình """ +GEN 9 25 ey5x 0 his brothers This could refer either to Canaan’s brothers or to his relatives in general. Điều này có thể đề cập đến anh em của Ca-na-an hoặc những người bà con của ông nói chung. +GEN 9 26 rx6d 0 General Information: If you can, format these verses as they are formatted here to show your readers that this is poetry. Nếu bạn có thể, hãy định dạng những câu này như chúng được định dạng ở đây để cho độc giả của bạn thấy rằng đây là thơ. +GEN 9 26 w1a7 0 May Yahweh, the God of Shem, be blessed “Praised be Yahweh, the God of Shem,” or “Yahweh, the God of Shem, is worthy of praise” or “I praise Yahweh, the God of Shem” Ðáng ngợi khen thay Giê hô va Ðức Chúa Trời của Sem hay là Giê hô va Ðức Chúa Trời của Sem đáng được ngợi khen! Hoặc tôi ngợi khen Giê hô va Ðức Chúa Trời của Sem! +GEN 9 27 s54q 0 May Canaan be his servant “And let Canaan be Shem’s servant.” This includes Canaan’s and Shem’s descendants. """ Và hãy để Ca-na-an làm tôi tớ cho Sem. "" +Điều này bao gồm con cháu của Ca-na-an và Sem." +GEN 9 27 hh2y 0 May God extend the territory of Japheth Possible meanings are (1) “May God make Japheth’s territory larger” or (2) “May God cause Japheth to have many descendants.” "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" Nguyện Đức Chúa Trời làm cho địa phận của Gia - phết rộng lớn hơn "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Nguyện Đức Chúa Trời làm cho Gia - phết có nhiều con cháu "" ." +GEN 9 27 bxj1 0 let him make his home in the tents of Shem “let him leave peacefully with Shem.” This includes Japheth’s and Shem’s descendants. """ Hãy để nó ra đi thanh thản với Shem. "" +Điều này bao gồm con cháu của Gia-phết và Sem." +GEN 9 27 x2sl 0 May Canaan be his servant “Let Canaan be Japheth’s servant.” This includes Canaan’s and Japheth’s descendants. """ Ca-na-an hãy làm tôi tớ của Gia-phết. "" +Điều này bao gồm con cháu của Ca-na-an và Gia-phết." +GEN 10 intro z42v 0 # Genesis 10 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter begins a genealogical record. It also records the location of ancient people groups.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Assyria and Nineveh
While these places may be located in the same area as the Assyria mentioned later in Scripture, they are not the same kingdom.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Sons were born to”
This is an unusual phrase meaning “were sons of.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Genesis 10 General Notes +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Chương này bắt đầu một bản ghi chép gia phả. Nó cũng ghi lại vị trí của các nhóm người thời xưa. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +A-sy-ri và Ni-ni-ve +Mặc dù những nơi này có thể nằm trong cùng khu vực với vùng A-si-ri được đề cập sau này trong Kinh Thánh, nhưng chúng không phải là cùng một vương quốc. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác trong việc dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Những con trai được sinh ra để "" +Đây là một nhóm từ bất thường có nghĩa là "" các con trai của "" ." +GEN 10 1 h24x 0 These were the descendants of the sons of Noah “This is the account of Noah’s sons.” This sentence introduces the account of Noah’s descendants in Genesis 10:1-11:9. """ Nầy là lời tường thuật về các con trai của Nô - ê "" . Câu này giới thiệu lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Nô - ê nơi Sáng - thế Ký 10: 1 - 11: 9." +GEN 10 5 w1ea 0 From these the coastland peoples separated and went into their lands “Javan’s sons and descendants separated and moved to the coastlands and islands” """ Những con trai và hậu duệ của người Java đã chia cắt và chuyển đến sống ở những vùng duyên hải và hải đảo """ +GEN 10 5 pl9t 0 coastland peoples This refers to people who lived along the coast and on the islands. Điều này ám chỉ những người sống dọc theo bờ biển và trên các hòn đảo. +GEN 10 5 xw9u 0 their lands “their homelands.” These are the places that the people moved to and lived in. """ Quê hương của họ. "" +Đây là những nơi mà người dân chuyển đến và sống." +GEN 10 5 nhz9 0 every one with its own language “Each people group spoke its own language” or “The people groups divided themselves according to their languages” """ Mỗi người nhóm lại nói ngôn ngữ riêng của mình "" hoặc "" những người nhóm lại chia rẽ nhau theo ngôn ngữ của mình """ +GEN 10 6 s5fj 0 Mizraim Mizraim is the Hebrew name for “Egypt.” "Míchwark là tên tiếng Hê-bơ-rơ của "" Ai Cập "" ." +GEN 10 8 f6b4 0 conqueror Possible meanings are (1) “mighty warrior” or (2) “mighty man” or (3) “powerful ruler.” "Có thể có nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" chiến sĩ hùng mạnh "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" người hùng mạnh "" hoặc ( 3 ) "" nhà cai trị hùng mạnh "" ." +GEN 10 9 k3vf 0 before Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) “in Yahweh’s sight” or (2) “with Yahweh’s help” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là: 1 ) "" Trước mặt Đức Giê-hô-va "" hoặc 2 ) "" Với sự giúp đỡ của Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 10 9 ig4i writing-proverbs 0 That is why it is said This introduces a proverb. Your language may introduce proverbs and sayings in a different way. Alternate translation: “This is the reason people say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]) "Điều này giới thiệu một câu châm ngôn. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể giới thiệu Châm Ngôn và câu Châm Ngôn theo một cách khác. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đây là lý do người ta nói """ +GEN 10 10 i218 0 The first centers Possible meanings are (1) the first centers he developed or (2) the important cities. Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) những trung tâm đầu tiên ông khai triển hoặc ( 2 ) những thành phố quan trọng. +GEN 10 11 ufj6 0 he went to Assyria “Nimrod went into Assyria” Nim - rốt đi đến A - si - ri +GEN 10 13 d3j7 0 Mizraim became The list of Noah’s descendants continues. Danh sách con cháu của Nô-ê vẫn tiếp tục. +GEN 10 13 yc8k 0 Mizraim Mizraim was one of Ham’s sons. His descendants became the people of Egypt. Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt. Mích ra im là một trong những con trai của Cham. Con cháu của ông trở thành dân Ai Cập. Mích - ra - im là tên tiếng Hê - bơ - rơ của Ai Cập. +GEN 10 16 l6at 0 Jebusites…Amorites…Girgashites These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan. Những tên này đề cập đến những nhóm người lớn hơn có nguồn gốc từ Ca-na-an. +GEN 10 19 h65z 0 border line between one person’s land and another person’s land Ranh giới giữa đất của người này và đất của người khác +GEN 10 19 vy73 figs-explicit 0 from Sidon, in the direction of Gerar, as far as Gaza The direction south can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: “from Sidon city in the north as far south as Gaza town, which is near Gerar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Hướng nam có thể được nêu rõ ràng nếu cần thiết. Dịch thay thế: "" Từ thành phố Sidon ở phía bắc đến tận thành phố Gaza, gần Gerar """ +GEN 10 19 rp9w figs-explicit 0 as one goes toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim, as far as Lasha The direction “east” or “inland” can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: “then east toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim towns, as far as Lasha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Hướng "" đông "" hay "" nội địa "" có thể được nêu rõ ràng nếu cần. Bản dịch khác: "" Về phía đông hướng về thành Sô - đôm, Gô - mô - rơ, Át - ma, và các thành thuộc xứ Xê - ba - rim, cho đến thành La - sa """ +GEN 10 20 b2zq 0 These were the sons of Ham The word “these” refers to the people and people groups who were listed in verses [Genesis 6-19](./06.md). "Chữ "" những "" nầy ám chỉ đến những nhóm người và con người đã được liệt kê trong các câu [ Sáng Thế Ký 6 - 19 ] ( . / 06.MD ) ." +GEN 10 20 t4tj 0 by their languages “broken up according to their different languages” """ Tan rã ra bởi các thứ tiếng """ +GEN 10 20 w46b 0 in their lands “in their homelands” """ Tại quê hương mình """ +GEN 10 24 ns9i 0 Arphaxad Arphaxad was one of Shem’s sons. Arphaxad là một trong những con trai của Sem. +GEN 10 25 a5uy 0 Peleg Translators may add a footnote note that says: “The name Peleg means ‘division.’” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm chú thích ở cuối trang: "" Tên Bê - léc có nghĩa là ' chia rẽ ' . """ +GEN 10 25 wad2 figs-activepassive 0 the earth was divided This can be made active. Alternate translation: “the people of the earth divided themselves” or “the people of the earth separated from one another” or “God divided the people of the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được thực hiện tích cực. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Những người trên đất tự chia rẽ nhau "" hoặc "" những người trên đất tự phân rẽ nhau "" hoặc "" Đức Chúa Trời chia rẽ những người trên đất """ +GEN 10 26 dqg8 translate-names 0 Joktan Joktan was one of Eber’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Joktan là một trong những con trai của Hê-be. +GEN 10 29 n82g 0 All these “These” here refers to the sons of Joktan. """ Những kẻ "" ở đây ám chỉ các con trai của Giốc tan." +GEN 10 30 s9ds 0 Their territory “The land they controlled” or “The land they lived in” """ Vùng đất họ kiểm soát "" hay "" vùng đất họ sống """ +GEN 10 31 s4mu 0 These were the sons of Shem The word “these” refers to the descendants of Shem ([Genesis 10:21-29](./21.md)). "Chữ "" những "" nầy ám chỉ đến con cháu của Sem ( [ Sáng thế ký 10: 21 - 29 ] ( . / 21.MD ) ) ." +GEN 10 32 lws8 0 These were the clans This refers back to all the people listed in [Genesis 10:1-31](./01.md). Điều này ám chỉ tất cả những người được liệt kê trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 10: 1 - 31 ] ( . / 01.MD ) . +GEN 10 32 rr78 0 according to “listed by” """ Được liệt kê bởi """ +GEN 10 32 a96c 0 From these the nations separated and went over the earth “From these clans the nations divided and spread over the earth” or “These clans divided from each other and formed the nations of the earth” """ Từ những thị tộc này, các quốc gia chia rẽ và lan tràn khắp trái đất "" hay "" những thị tộc này chia rẽ lẫn nhau và hình thành nên các quốc gia trên trái đất """ +GEN 10 32 bp4b figs-explicit 0 after the flood This can be stated clearly or more explicitly. Alternate translation: “after the flood destroyed the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được nêu rõ ràng hoặc minh bạch hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sau trận nước lụt, trái đất bị hủy diệt """ +GEN 11 intro ecl3 0 # Genesis 11 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter is a story traditionally referred to as the “Tower of Babel.”

This chapter seeks to answer the questions: why do people speak different languages? how did people become so dispersed across the earth? God’s punishment described in this chapter may also explain why the world has racial and ethnic divisions.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Age of people when they die
After the flood, people began to live shorter lives. This chapter begins to record the shortening of the average lifespan.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Personification
The statement “Yahweh came down to see” is a type of personification. Yahweh always knows what happens on earth. This statement indicates that Yahweh is about to bring judgment on mankind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Let us build ourselves a city and a tower whose top will reach to the sky”
The people were very full of pride and rebelled against God in this action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 11 ghi chú +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Chương này là một câu chuyện theo truyền thống được đề cập đến như là "" Tháp Ba-bên "" . Chương này tìm cách trả lời những câu hỏi: Tại sao người ta nói những ngôn ngữ khác nhau? +Làm thế nào người ta lại bị phân tán như vậy trên khắp đất? +Sự trừng phạt của Đức Chúa Trời được mô tả trong chương này cũng có thể giải thích tại sao thế giới có sự phân rẽ về chủng tộc và sắc tộc. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Tuổi thọ người chết +Sau trận lụt, con người bắt đầu sống những cuộc đời ngắn hơn. Chương này bắt đầu ghi lại sự rút ngắn tuổi thọ trung bình. Những cách nói quan trọng trong chương này +Nhân cách hóa +Lời tuyên bố "" Đức Giê-hô-va ngự xuống để xem thấy "" là một loại nhân cách hóa. Đức Giê-hô-va luôn biết những gì xảy ra trên đất. Lời tuyên bố này cho thấy rằng Đức Giê-hô-va sắp đem đến sự phán xét trên nhân loại. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Chúng ta hãy xây một cái thành và dựng lên một cái tháp, chót cao đến tận trời "" +Dân sự đầy lòng kiêu ngạo và chống nghịch Đức Chúa Trời trong hành động này." +GEN 11 1 ar7x 0 Now This word shows that the writer is beginning a new part of the story. Từ ngữ này cho thấy người viết đang bắt đầu một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 11 1 gr4c figs-metonymy 0 the whole earth This represents all the people on the earth. Alternate translation: “all the people on the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Cái này đại diện cho tất cả mọi người trên trái đất. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tất cả mọi người trên đất """ +GEN 11 1 y7c6 figs-parallelism 0 used one language and had the same words These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that all people spoke the same language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Hai cụm từ này về cơ bản có nghĩa là cùng một điều và nhấn mạnh rằng tất cả mọi người đều nói cùng một ngôn ngữ. +GEN 11 2 c5a7 0 they journeyed “they moved around” """ Họ đi lại chung quanh """ +GEN 11 2 p5qy 0 in the east Possible meanings are (1) “in the east” or (2) “from the east” or (3) “to the east.” The preferred choice is “in the east” because Shinar is to the east of where scholars believe the ark came to rest. "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" ở phía đông "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" từ phía đông "" hoặc ( 3 ) "" sang phía đông. "" +Sự lựa chọn ưu tiên là "" ở phía đông "" bởi vì shnag là ở phía đông của nơi mà các học giả tin rằng hòm giao ước đến để yên nghỉ." +GEN 11 2 a3c6 0 settled stopped moving from one place to another and began to live at one location Ngừng di chuyển từ nơi này đến nơi khác và bắt đầu sống ở một địa điểm +GEN 11 3 mad2 0 Come If your language has a way of urging or commanding people to begin work, like the English “Come on!” you might use it here. "Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách thúc giục hoặc ra lệnh cho người ta bắt đầu làm việc, như tiếng Anh "" Come on! "" +Bạn có thể dùng nó ở đây." +GEN 11 3 z6gz 0 bake them thoroughly People make bricks out of clay and heat them in a very hot oven to make them hard and strong. Người ta làm gạch bằng đất sét và nung chúng trong một lò rất nóng để làm cho chúng cứng và mạnh. +GEN 11 3 ihz3 0 tar a thick, sticky, black liquid that comes up from the ground Một thứ chất lỏng màu đen, dính, đặc quánh, trồi lên từ lòng đất. +GEN 11 3 zxv1 0 mortar This is a thick substance made of lime powder, clay, sand, and water used to make stones or bricks stick together. Đây là một chất dày làm bằng bột vôi, đất sét, cát, và nước dùng để làm đá hay gạch dính lại với nhau. +GEN 11 4 nzr5 0 let us make a name for ourselves “let us make our reputation great” """ Hãy làm cho danh - tiếng chúng tôi trở nên sang - trọng """ +GEN 11 4 rxx9 0 name reputation Uy tín +GEN 11 4 ejq9 figs-activepassive 0 we will be scattered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will separate from each other and live in different places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Chúng ta sẽ tách rời nhau và sống ở những nơi khác nhau """ +GEN 11 5 v8n7 0 the descendants of Adam “the people” """ Dân - sự """ +GEN 11 5 t6pt figs-explicit 0 came down The information about where he came down from can be made explicit: “came down from heaven.” This does not tell how he came down. Use a general word meaning “came down.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Thông tin về nguồn gốc của Ngài có thể được làm rõ: "" Từ trên trời xuống "" . Điều này không cho biết Ngài xuống thế nào. Hãy dùng một từ tổng quát có nghĩa là "" xuống "" ." +GEN 11 5 b3yl 0 to see “to observe” or “to look more closely” """ Để quan sát "" hoặc "" để quan sát kỹ hơn """ +GEN 11 6 uzm2 0 one people with the same language All the people were one big group and they all spoke the same language. Tất cả mọi người là một nhóm lớn và tất cả đều nói cùng một thứ tiếng. +GEN 11 6 a83e 0 they are beginning to do this Possible meanings are (1) “they have begun to do this,” meaning that they have begun to build the tower but it is not finished, or (2) “this is just the first thing they have done,” meaning that in future they will do greater things. "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" họ đã bắt đầu làm việc này việc kia "" , nghĩa là họ đã bắt đầu xây tháp nhưng chưa xong việc kia, hoặc ( 2 ) "" Đây chỉ là việc đầu tiên họ đã làm xong "" , nghĩa là trong tương lai họ sẽ làm những việc lớn lao hơn." +GEN 11 6 ux98 figs-doublenegatives 0 nothing that they intend to do will be impossible for them This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “anything they intend to do will be possible for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ có thể làm bất cứ điều gì mình muốn """ +GEN 11 7 i5gb 0 Come If your language has a way of urging or commanding people to begin work, like the English “Come on!” you might use it here. See how this is translated in [Genesis 11:3](../11/03.md). "Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách thúc giục hoặc ra lệnh cho người ta bắt đầu làm việc, như tiếng Anh "" Come on! "" +Bạn có thể dùng nó ở đây. Hãy xem cách dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 3 ] ." +GEN 11 7 i17m figs-pronouns 0 let us go down The word “us” is plural even though it refers to God. Some translate it as “let me go down” or “I will go down.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the pronoun is plural. See the note on “Let us make” in [Genesis 1:26](../01/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]]) "Chữ "" chúng ta "" là số nhiều mặc dù nó nói đến Đức Chúa Trời. Một số người dịch từ này là "" Hãy để tôi đi xuống "" hoặc "" Tôi sẽ đi xuống "" . Nếu bạn làm thế, hãy xem xét thêm một cước chú để nói rằng đại từ là số nhiều. Hãy xem lời ghi chú "" Chúng ta hãy làm "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 26 ] ." +GEN 11 7 d22g figs-explicit 0 confuse their language This means that Yahweh would cause the people all over the earth to stop speaking the same language. Alternate translation: “mix up their language” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Đức Giê-hô-va sẽ khiến muôn dân trên khắp đất thôi không nói cùng một thứ tiếng nữa. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trộn lẫn ngôn ngữ của họ """ +GEN 11 7 plc4 figs-explicit 0 so that they may not understand each other This was the purpose of confusing their language. Alternate translation: “so that they will not be able to understand what each other is saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là mục đích làm lộn xộn ngôn ngữ của họ. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Để họ không thể hiểu nhau đang nói gì """ +GEN 11 8 htq4 0 from there “from the city” """ Từ trong thành """ +GEN 11 9 m76d 0 its name was called Babel, because there Yahweh confused The name “Babel” sounds like the word that means “confused.” Translators may want to add a footnote about this. "Tên "" Ba-bên "" nghe giống như từ có nghĩa là "" bối rối "" . Các dịch giả có thể muốn thêm một chú thích về điều này." +GEN 11 9 ppz1 figs-explicit 0 confused the language of the whole earth It means that Yahweh caused the people all over the earth to no longer speak the same language. Alternate translation: “mixed up the language of the whole earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có nghĩa là Đức Giê-hô-va khiến cho muôn dân trên khắp trái đất không còn nói cùng một thứ tiếng nữa. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trộn lẫn ngôn ngữ của cả trái đất """ +GEN 11 10 jzy8 0 General Information: The rest of this chapter lists the line of Shem’s descendants down to Abram. Phần còn lại của chương này liệt kê dòng dõi của con cháu Sem xuống cho Áp-ram. +GEN 11 10 gq2u 0 These were the descendants of Shem This sentence begins the list of Shem’s descendants. Câu này bắt đầu danh sách con cháu của Sem. +GEN 11 10 n5un 0 flood This is the flood from Noah’s time when people had become so evil that God sent a worldwide flood to cover the earth. Đây là trận lụt từ thời Nô-ê khi Con người trở nên gian ác đến nỗi Đức Chúa Trời đã sai một trận lụt toàn cầu đến bao phủ cả đất. +GEN 11 10 y7s3 0 became the father of Arphaxad “had his son Arphaxad” or “his son Arphaxad was born” """ Nếu con trai ông là Arphaxad "" hay "" con trai ông là Arphaxad được sinh ra """ +GEN 11 10 b4lz translate-names 0 Arphaxad a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Tên của một người đàn ông +GEN 11 10 ty5m translate-numbers 0 a hundred…two Translators may write the words or the numerals “100” and “2.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Các dịch giả có thể viết các từ hoặc số "" 100 "" và "" 2 "" ." +GEN 11 11 ix9y translate-numbers 0 five hundred Translators may write the words or the numeral “500.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Các dịch giả có thể viết con số "" 500 "" ." +GEN 11 12 i93p 0 he became the father of Shelah “his son Shelah was born” """ Sê - la, con trai người, sanh ra """ +GEN 11 12 i685 translate-names 0 Shelah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 11 13 v9kr translate-numbers 0 403 years “four hundred and three years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Bốn trăm lẻ ba năm """ +GEN 11 14 aht6 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chúng [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 16 nh92 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 18 t5j5 translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chúng [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 20 zj9y translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chúng [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 22 qv7c translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chúng [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 24 kk5d translate-names 0 General Information: The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. See how you translated them in [Genesis 11:12-13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Các ghi chép trong Sáng Thế Ký 11: 12 - 25 cũng có cùng hình thức như vậy. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chúng [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 12 - 13 ] ( / 12.MD ) . +GEN 11 26 v3ui 0 Abram, Nahor, and Haran We do not know the birth order of his sons. Chúng ta không biết thứ tự ra đời của các con trai Ngài. +GEN 11 27 sx61 translate-names 0 Now these were the descendants of Terah This sentence introduces the account of Terah’s descendants. Genesis 11:27-25:11 tells about Terah’s descendants, particularly his son Abraham. Alternate translation: “This is the account of Terah’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Câu này giới thiệu phần tường thuật về con cháu của Tha-rê. Sáng - thế Ký 11: 27 - 25: 11 kể về dòng dõi của Tha - rê, đặc biệt là con trai ông là Áp - ra - ham. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đây là lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Tha - rê """ +GEN 11 28 qu78 translate-names 0 Haran died in the presence of his father Terah This means that Haran died while his father was still living. Alternate translation: “Haran died while his father, Terah, was with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Cha-ran đã chết trong khi cha ông vẫn còn sống. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Cha cha cha chết khi Tha - rê đang ở với cha "" ." +GEN 11 29 qxs6 0 took wives “married wives” """ Những người vợ có chồng """ +GEN 11 29 x1m2 translate-names 0 Iskah This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên nữ. +GEN 11 30 s9v1 0 Now This word is used to introduce new information about Sarai that will become important in later chapters. Từ ngữ này được dùng để giới thiệu những thông tin mới về Sarai sẽ trở nên quan trọng trong những chương sau. +GEN 11 30 yps7 figs-euphemism 0 barren This term describes a woman who is physically unable to conceive or bear a child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Thuật ngữ này mô tả một người nữ không thể thụ thai hoặc sinh con về mặt thuộc thể. +GEN 11 31 cu9g 0 his Here the word “his” refers to Terah. "Ở đây chữ "" của Ngài "" ám chỉ đến Tha - rê." +GEN 11 31 tj9e 0 Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram’s wife “his daughter-in-law Sarai, who was the wife of his son Abram” """ Con dâu Sa - rai, vợ Áp - ram, cháu Áp - ram """ +GEN 11 31 h4pi 0 Haran…Haran These are two different names and they are spelled differently in Hebrew. One refers to a person and the other refers to a city. (The “h” sound in the city’s name is louder than the “h” sound in the person’s name.) You might choose to spell them differently in your language to show this. "Đây là hai tên khác nhau và chúng được đánh vần khác nhau trong tiếng Hê-bơ-rơ. Một đề cập đến một người và người kia đề cập đến một thành phố. ( Âm "" h "" trong tên thành phố lớn hơn âm "" h "" trong tên người đó ) . Bạn có thể chọn cách đánh vần khác bằng ngôn ngữ của mình để thể hiện điều này." +GEN 11 32 lt94 translate-numbers 0 205 years “two hundred and five years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Hai trăm linh năm năm """ +GEN 12 intro b9wm 0 # Genesis 12 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abram
When God said, “Go from your country, and from your relatives,” he established several new people groups. These groups descended from Abram.

### God’s covenant with Abraham
God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “They will kill me”
Abram was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarai to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abram’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) "Sáng thế ký 12 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Ápram +Khi Đức Chúa Trời phán "" Hãy ra khỏi quê hương, và ra khỏi bà con ngươi "" , Ngài đã thành lập vài nhóm người mới. Những nhóm này là con cháu của Áp - ram. Giao ước của Đức Chúa Trời với Áp - ra - ham +Đức Chúa Trời lập giao ước với Áp-ram. Giao ước này không phụ thuộc vào bất cứ điều gì Áp-ra-ham cần làm, nhưng sự ứng nghiệm những lời hứa của nó phụ thuộc vào hành động của mỗi thế hệ con cháu ông. Giao ước này chưa được ứng nghiệm trọn vẹn. Những khó khăn khác trong việc dịch thuật có thể gặp trong chương này +"" Chúng nó sẽ giết tôi "" +Áp-ram sợ dân Ê-díp-tô sẽ xem ông là một người ngoại bang và khi thấy người vợ xinh đẹp của ông, họ sẽ tìm cách giết ông. Điều này sẽ giải thoát cho Sa - rai để cưới người khác. Dường như họ có thể dễ dàng giết một người ngoại quốc mà không bị trừng phạt. Nếu Sa - rai là em gái của Áp - ram, hẳn họ đã thương xót ông." +GEN 12 1 k9r8 0 Now This word is used to mark a new part of the story. Từ này được dùng để đánh dấu một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 12 1 d1lk 0 Go from your country, and from your relatives “Go from your land, from your family” """ Hãy ra khỏi đất mình, ra khỏi nhà mình """ +GEN 12 2 hc9y figs-metonymy 0 I will make of you a great nation Here “you” is singular and refers to Abram, but Abram represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “I will start a great nation through you” or “I will make your descendants become a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây từ "" ngươi "" ở số ít và chỉ về Áp-ram, nhưng Áp-ram đại diện cho con cháu mình. Có thể dịch là: "" Ta sẽ khởi sự làm một dân lớn nhờ ngươi "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ khiến dòng dõi ngươi thành một dân lớn "" ." +GEN 12 2 q7ai figs-metonymy 0 make your name great The word “name” represents the person’s reputation. Alternate translation: “make you famous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Từ ngữ "" danh "" tiêu biểu cho danh tiếng của người ấy. Một cách dịch khác là "" làm cho mình nổi tiếng """ +GEN 12 2 jt28 figs-ellipsis 0 you will be a blessing The words “to other people” are understood. Alternate translation: “you will be a blessing to other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những từ "" đến với người khác "" được hiểu rõ. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Con sẽ là một nguồn phước cho người khác """ +GEN 12 3 xec4 0 whoever dishonors you I will curse “I will curse whoever treats you in a shameful way” or “if anyone treats you as worthless, I will curse him” """ Ta sẽ rủa - sả kẻ nào sỉ - nhục ngươi "" hoặc "" Nếu kẻ nào rủa - sả ngươi, ta sẽ rủa - sả nó """ +GEN 12 3 cpj9 figs-activepassive 0 Through you will all the families of the earth be blessed This can be made active. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the families of the earth through you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được thực hiện tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ ban phước cho tất cả các chi tộc trên đất qua ngươi """ +GEN 12 3 xd5b 0 Through you “Because of you” or “Because I have blessed you” """ Vì các ngươi "" hoặc "" Vì ta đã ban phước cho các ngươi """ +GEN 12 5 lvz6 0 possessions This includes animals and non-living property. Điều này bao gồm động vật và tài sản không sống. +GEN 12 5 nv12 0 the people that they had acquired Possible meanings are (1) “slaves that they had accumulated” or (2) “the people whom they had gathered to be with them.” "Ý nghĩa có thể có là ( 1 ) "" những đầy tớ mà họ đã tích lũy "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" những người mà họ đã nhóm lại để kết hợp với họ "" ." +GEN 12 6 j4pb figs-explicit 0 Abram passed through the land Only Abram’s name is mentioned because he was the head of the family. God had given him the command to take his family and go there. Alternate translation: “So Abram and his family went through the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có tên của Ápram được nhắc tới vì ông là con trưởng trong gia đình. Đức Chúa Trời đã ban cho ông mạng lệnh đem gia đình ông đến đó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Áp - ram cùng gia đình đi khắp xứ """ +GEN 12 6 lgv1 0 the land “the land of Canaan” """ Xứ Ca - na - an """ +GEN 12 6 jvj4 translate-names 0 the oak of Moreh Moreh was probably the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Moreh có lẽ là tên của một địa điểm. +GEN 12 7 v6g3 0 Yahweh, who had appeared to him “Yahweh, because he had appeared to him” """ Hỡi Ðức Giê hô va, vì Ngài đã hiện ra cùng người """ +GEN 12 8 ln91 0 he pitched his tent Abram had many people with him as he traveled. People who moved from place to place lived in tents. Alternate translation: “they set up their tents” "Áp - ram có nhiều người đi cùng. Những người di chuyển từ nơi này đến nơi khác sống trong lều. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Họ dựng lều """ +GEN 12 8 v6m1 0 called on the name of Yahweh “prayed in the name of Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh” """ Nhân danh Đức Giê-hô-va mà cầu nguyện "" hay "" thờ phượng Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 12 9 vbq7 figs-explicit 0 Then Abram continued journeying You may need to make explicit that he took his tent with him. “Then Abram took his tent and continued journeying.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có lẽ bạn cần nói rõ là ông đã mang theo cái lều. "" Áp - ram lấy trại mình, cứ đi đường "" ." +GEN 12 9 t22q 0 toward the Negev “toward the Negev region” or “toward the south” or “south to the Negev desert” """ Về phía vùng Negev "" hay "" về phía nam "" hay "" về phía nam tới sa mạc Negev """ +GEN 12 10 lv6b figs-explicit 0 There was a famine The crops did not grow well that season. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “There was a shortage of food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Vụ mùa không tốt trong mùa đó. Điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Thực phẩm khan hiếm """ +GEN 12 10 c2c3 0 in the land “in the area” or “in the land where Abram was living” """ Trong xứ "" hay "" trong xứ mà Ápram đang sinh sống """ +GEN 12 10 me1z 0 went down into Possible meanings are (1) “went further south” or (2) “went away from Canaan into.” It would be best to translate this using your usual words for going from a higher place to a lower place. "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" đi xa hơn về phía nam "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" đi xa khỏi xứ Canaan vào. "" +Tốt nhất nên dịch câu này bằng từ ngữ thông dụng để nói về việc đi từ nơi cao đến nơi thấp." +GEN 12 12 hmn5 figs-explicit 0 they will kill me…you alive The reason they would kill Abram can be made explicit: “they will kill me so that they can marry you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Lý do họ muốn giết Áp - ram có thể được nói rõ: "" Họ sẽ giết ta, để cưới ngươi làm vợ """ +GEN 12 13 sj7i figs-activepassive 0 so that my life will be spared because of you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that, because of you, they will not kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Đến nỗi, vì cớ anh em, họ sẽ không giết tôi """ +GEN 12 14 stl2 0 It came about that Possible meanings are (1) This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts, and if your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here, or (2) “And that was what happened” . "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) cụm từ này được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu nơi hành động bắt đầu, và nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét việc sử dụng nó ở đây, hoặc ( 2 ) "" và đó là điều đã xảy ra "" ." +GEN 12 15 cnd8 0 The princes of Pharaoh saw her “Pharaoh’s officials saw Sarai” or “the king’s officials saw her” """ Các hoạn quan của Pha-ra-ôn thấy Sa rai "" hay "" các hoạn quan của vua thấy nàng """ +GEN 12 15 n3fw figs-activepassive 0 the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s household This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh took her into his household” or “Pharaoh had his soldiers take her into his household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Pha - ra - ôn đem nàng về nhà mình "" hoặc "" Pha - ra - ôn cho binh lính đem nàng về nhà mình """ +GEN 12 15 hw84 0 the woman Sarai Sarai +GEN 12 15 y2tk figs-euphemism 0 Pharaoh’s household Possible meanings are (1) “Pharoah’s family,” that is, as a wife, or (2) “Pharaoah’s house” or “Pharaoh’s palace,” a euphemism for Pharaoh making her one of his wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" Gia đình Pha-ra-ôn, "" tức là, như một người vợ, hoặc ( 2 ) "" nhà Pha-ra-ôn "" hoặc "" cung điện Pha-ra-ôn, "" một uyển ngữ nói về việc Pha-ra-ôn lập nàng làm một trong những người vợ của mình." +GEN 12 16 m9jr 0 for her sake “for Sarai’s sake” or “because of her” """ Vì cớ Sa - rai "" hay "" vì nàng """ +GEN 12 17 kb9r figs-explicit 0 because of Sarai, Abram’s wife This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “because Pharaoh intended to take Sarai, Abram’s wife, to be his own wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được làm rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vì Pha - ra - ôn có ý cưới Sa - rai, vợ Áp - ram, làm vợ """ +GEN 12 18 r9kt 0 Pharaoh summoned Abram “Pharaoh called Abram” or “Pharaoh ordered Abram to come to him” """ Pha - ra - ôn bèn đòi Áp - ram "" hoặc "" Pha - ra - ôn truyền cho Áp - ram đến """ +GEN 12 18 e9mt figs-rquestion 0 What is this that you have done to me? Pharaoh used this rhetorical question to show how angry he was about what Abram had done to him. It can also be stated as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Pha-ra-ôn đã sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này để cho thấy ông ta giận dữ như thế nào về những gì Áp-ram đã làm cho ông ta. Nó cũng có thể được nói như một lời cảm thán. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Ông đã làm điều kinh khủng cho tôi! """ +GEN 12 20 f2i8 0 Then Pharaoh gave orders to his men concerning him “Then Pharaoh directed his officials concerning Abram” """ Pha - ra - ôn cũng truyền lịnh cho quần thần Áp - ram """ +GEN 12 20 edz8 0 they sent him away, along with his wife and all that he had “the officials sent Abram away from Pharoah, with his wife and all his possessions” """ Các quan lại sai Áp - ram với vợ và tài - sản người đi khỏi Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 13 intro qch2 0 # Genesis 13 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abram’s faith
Since the land could not support both Lot’s and Abraham’s family, they each went their own way. Even though good land was not plentiful, Abraham allowed Lot to choose the better land because he trusted in God to fulfill his promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### God’s covenant with Abram

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. This chapter continues the covenant which began in the previous chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Built an altar
Abram would have built an altar in order to offer sacrifices to Yahweh. There is an implicit understanding that building an altar was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Genesis 13 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Đức tin của Ápram +Vì đất đai không thể chu cấp cho cả gia đình của Lót lẫn gia đình Áp-ra-ham, nên mỗi người đi theo con đường riêng của mình. Dù đất tốt không có nhiều, Áp - ra - ham đã cho phép Lót chọn đất tốt hơn vì ông tin cậy Đức Chúa Trời sẽ thực hiện lời hứa của Ngài. Giao ước của Đức Chúa Trời với Áp - ram +Đức Chúa Trời lập giao ước với Áp-ram. Giao ước này không dựa trên bất cứ điều gì Áp - ra - ham cần làm, nhưng sự ứng nghiệm các lời hứa của Đức Chúa Trời thì dựa trên hành động của mỗi thế hệ con cháu ông. Giao ước này chưa được ứng nghiệm trọn vẹn. Chương này tiếp tục giao ước đã bắt đầu trong chương trước. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +DỰNG MỘT BÀN THỜ +Áp-ram chắc hẳn đã dựng một bàn thờ để dâng của lễ cho Đức Giê-hô-va. Có một sự hiểu biết ngầm rằng xây một bàn thờ là một hành động thờ phượng." +GEN 13 1 sjz2 0 went up from “left” or “departed from” """ Trái "" hay "" ra từ """ +GEN 13 1 ige2 figs-explicit 0 went into the Negev The Negev was a desert region in southern Canaan, west of Egypt. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “went back to the Negev desert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Negev là một vùng sa mạc ở miền nam Canaan, phía tây Ai Cập. Điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trở lại sa mạc Negev """ +GEN 13 2 bty5 0 Abram was very rich in animals, in silver, and in gold “Abram had many animals, much silver, and much gold” """ Áp - ram có nhiều thú, nhiều bạc, nhiều vàng """ +GEN 13 2 lwq5 0 animals “livestock” or “cattle” """ Gia súc "" hay "" gia súc """ +GEN 13 3 rg7d figs-explicit 0 He continued on his journey Abram and his family traveled by stages, going from place to place. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “They continued on their journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Áp - ram và gia đình ông đi theo từng chặng đường, từ nơi này đến nơi khác. Điều này có thể được nói rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ tiếp tục cuộc hành trình """ +GEN 13 3 vxf3 figs-explicit 0 to the place where his tent had been before Translators may add a footnote that says “See Genesis 12:8.” The time of his travel can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “to the place where he had set up his tent before he went to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú "" xem Sáng - thế Ký 12: 8 "" . Thời gian đi lại của ông có thể được nói rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đến nơi mà ông đã dựng lều trước khi sang Ai Cập """ +GEN 13 4 h2ad 0 called on the name of Yahweh “prayed in the name of Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 12:8](../12/08.md). "Hãy nhơn danh Ðức Giê hô va mà cầu nguyện hay là thờ phượng Ðức Giê hô va! +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 12: 8 ] ." +GEN 13 5 br4w writing-background 0 Now This word is used to show what follows is background information to help the reader understand the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được dùng để cho thấy những gì theo sau là thông tin nền tảng để giúp người đọc hiểu được những sự kiện theo sau. +GEN 13 6 ash5 0 The land was not able to support them There was not enough grazing land and water for all their animals. Không có đủ cỏ và nước cho tất cả các con vật của họ. +GEN 13 6 k6zz 0 their possessions This includes livestock, which need pasture and water. Điều này bao gồm gia súc cần đồng cỏ và nước. +GEN 13 6 y1wq 0 could not stay together “could not live together” """ Không thể sống chung với nhau """ +GEN 13 7 e3n1 0 The Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land at that time This is another reason that the land could not support them all. Đây là một lý do khác khiến đất không thể chu cấp cho họ hết thảy. +GEN 13 8 rbt4 0 Let there be no strife between you and me “Let’s not quarrel” """ Chúng ta đừng cãi nhau nữa """ +GEN 13 8 l2ht 0 strife arguments or fights Tranh cãi hay đánh nhau +GEN 13 8 ayp5 0 between your herdsmen and my herdsmen “let’s stop the men who take care of our animals from quarreling” """ Hãy ngăn chặn những người chăm sóc gia súc của chúng ta khỏi những cuộc cãi cọ """ +GEN 13 8 l8eq 0 after all, we are family “because we are family” """ Vì chúng ta là một gia đình """ +GEN 13 8 vz47 0 family “kinsmen” or “relatives.” Lot was Abraham’s nephew. """ Họ hàng "" hay "" người thân "" . Lót là cháu của Áp-ra-ham." +GEN 13 9 n7k3 figs-rquestion 0 Is not the whole land before you? This rhetorical question can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “The whole land is available for you to use.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là lời tuyên bố tích cực. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Cả vùng đất này có thể sử dụng được "" ." +GEN 13 9 av37 0 Go ahead and separate yourself from me Abraham was speaking kindly to Lot and encouraging him to do something that would help them both. “Let’s separate.” "Áp - ra - ham nói với Lót một cách tử tế và khuyến khích ông làm điều gì đó để giúp cả hai. "" Chúng ta hãy phân - rẽ "" ." +GEN 13 9 flm1 0 If you go to the left, then I will go to the right Possible meanings are (1) “If you go one way, then I will go the other” or (2) “If you go to the north, I will go to the south.” Abram let Lot choose the part of the land he wanted, and Abram would take what remained. "Những ý nghĩa có thể có là ( 1 ) "" Nếu ngươi đi đường này, thì ta sẽ đi đường kia "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Nếu ngươi đi đường Bắc, thì ta sẽ đi đường Nam "" . Ápram đã để cho Lót lựa chọn phần đất mà ông muốn, và Ápram sẽ lấy phần đất còn lại." +GEN 13 10 v189 0 the whole plain of the Jordan This refers to the general region of the Jordan River. Điều này ám chỉ vùng chung của sông Giô - đanh. +GEN 13 10 ve9r 0 was well watered “had much water” """ Có nhiều nước """ +GEN 13 10 zs4c 0 like the garden of Yahweh, like the land of Egypt “like the garden of Yahweh or like the land of Egypt.” These were two different places. """ Như vườn của Đức Giê-hô-va hay như đất Ê-díp-tô vậy. "" +Đây là hai nơi khác nhau." +GEN 13 10 p9t9 0 the garden of Yahweh This is another name for the garden of Eden. Đây là một cái tên khác cho vườn Ê-đen. +GEN 13 10 v2iw 0 garden Use the same word for “garden” as you used in [Genesis 2:8](../02/08.md). "Hãy sử dụng cùng một từ cho "" vườn "" như bạn đã sử dụng trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 2: 8 ] ." +GEN 13 10 z1zy 0 This was before Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah This anticipates something that would happen later. It is important here because it explains why Lot settled in a region that later was not fertile. Điều này dự đoán một cái gì đó sẽ xảy ra sau này. Điều này quan trọng ở đây vì nó giải thích tại sao lót định cư trong một khu vực mà sau này không màu mỡ. +GEN 13 11 c5bb 0 the relatives “the kinsmen” or “the families.” This refers to Lot and Abram with their households. """ Những người thân "" hay "" những gia đình "" . Điều này ám chỉ Lót và Áp - ram cùng gia đình họ." +GEN 13 12 hc2t 0 Abram lived “Abram made his home” or “Abram stayed” """ Ápram trở về nhà mình "" hay "" Ápram ở lại """ +GEN 13 12 cpm2 0 the land of Canaan “the land of the Canaanites” """ Xứ của dân Ca - na - an """ +GEN 13 12 umy1 0 He set up his tents as far away as Sodom Possible meanings are (1) “He set up his tents near Sodom” or (2) “He moved his tents around in an area that reached all the way to Sodom.” "Có thể có nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" ông dựng lều gần thành Sô - đôm "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" ông dời lều đến một vùng rộng lớn "" ." +GEN 13 14 y61m 0 after Lot had departed from him “after Lot left Abraham” """ Sau khi Lót lìa khỏi Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 13 17 xil7 0 walk through the length and breadth of the land “walk around all over the whole land” """ Đi khắp cả đất """ +GEN 13 18 zy7q translate-names 0 Mamre This was the name of the man who owned the oak trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đó là tên của người chủ cây sồi. +GEN 13 18 is6e translate-names 0 Hebron This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 13 18 xw41 0 an altar to Yahweh “an altar for worshiping Yahweh” """ Bàn thờ để thờ phượng Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 14 intro hz9l 0 # Genesis 14 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:19-20.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Names of places
Sometimes the names of places in Scripture are referred to by the name used during the time of the writer. For example, the location referred to as Dan was not yet known by that name because Dan had not yet come to live there. Moses, the author of Genesis, would have known this location as Dan.

### Melchizedek
Melchizedek was both a priest and a king. Because of this, he parallels the roles of Jesus. Melchizedek is an important figure in the book of Hebrews. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God Most High

Melchizedek worshiped the God Most High. This is probably a reference to the true and only God who created the heavens and the earth and came to be known as Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]]) "Sáng thế ký 14 ghi chú chung +Structure and Formatting +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với phần thơ trong 14: 19 - 20. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Tên các địa danh +Đôi khi tên các địa danh trong Kinh Thánh được gọi bằng tên được sử dụng trong thời của trước giả. Chẳng hạn, địa danh được gọi là Đan vẫn chưa được biết đến với cái tên đó vì Đan chưa đến sống ở đó. Môi-se, tác giả của Sáng thế ký, sẽ biết địa điểm này là Đan. Mên-chi-xê-đéc +Melchizedek was both a priest and a king. Bởi điều này, ông tương đương với vai trò của Chúa Giê-xu. Mên-chi-xê-đéc là một nhân vật quan trọng trong sách Hê-bơ-rơ. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI CHÍ CAO +Melchizedek worship the God most high. Đây có lẽ là một tham khảo đến Đức Chúa Trời chân thật và duy nhất, Đấng đã dựng nên trời và đất và được gọi là Giê-hô-va." +GEN 14 1 zbz3 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 14 1 p95i 0 in the days of “in the time of” """ Trong đời """ +GEN 14 1 e5wj translate-names 0 Amraphel…Arioch…Kedorlaomer…Tidal These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 14 1 psb1 translate-names 0 Shinar…Ellasar…Elam…Goiim These are names of places. See how you translated “Shinar” in [Genesis 10:10](../10/10.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên các địa điểm. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" Si - nê - a "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 10: 10 ]" +GEN 14 2 s6jz 0 they made war “they went to war” or “they started a war” or “they prepared for war” """ Họ ra trận "" hay "" họ bắt đầu một cuộc chiến "" hay "" họ chuẩn bị cho chiến tranh """ +GEN 14 3 pdv2 figs-explicit 0 These latter five kings joined together The information that their armies were with them can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “These latter five kings and their armies joined together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Thông tin rằng quân đội của họ đã ở cùng họ có thể được làm cho rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Năm vua này và quân đội của họ hợp lực với nhau """ +GEN 14 4 vk6f 0 Twelve years they had served The events in verses 4-7 happened before verse 3. Your language may have a way of showing this. Các biến cố trong câu 4 - 7 xảy ra trước câu 3. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có cách để cho thấy điều này. +GEN 14 4 d7j6 translate-names 0 they had served Kedorlaomer They probably had to pay him taxes and serve in his army. Alternate translation: “they had been under the control of Kedorlaomer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Có lẽ họ phải đóng thuế cho ông và phục vụ trong quân đội của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ đã ở dưới sự kiểm soát của Kedorlaomer """ +GEN 14 4 m72u 0 they rebelled “they refused to serve him” or “they stopped serving him” """ Họ từ chối hầu việc Ngài "" hay "" Họ thôi hầu việc Ngài """ +GEN 14 5 k2wm 0 came and attacked They did this because the other kings rebelled. Họ làm điều này vì các vua kia nổi loạn. +GEN 14 5 k3kf translate-names 0 the Rephaim…the Zuzites…the Emites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những nhóm người. +GEN 14 5 kj3n translate-names 0 Ashteroth Karnaim…Ham…Shaveh Kiriathaim These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các địa danh. +GEN 14 5 pm1u 0 Ham This name in Hebrew is different from the name of Noah’s son, which is spelled the same way in English. Tên này trong tiếng Hê-bơ-rơ khác với tên của con trai Nô-ê, được đánh vần theo cách tương tự trong tiếng Anh. +GEN 14 6 afr4 translate-names 0 the Horites This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nhóm người. +GEN 14 6 m4dw translate-names 0 Seir…El Paran These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các địa danh. +GEN 14 6 s52t figs-distinguish 0 El Paran, which is near the desert This phrase helps readers understand where El Paran was. It can be translated as a separate sentence if necessary. Alternate translation: “El Paran. El Paran is near the desert” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Cụm từ này giúp độc giả hiểu El Paran đã ở đâu. Có thể dịch là một câu riêng biệt nếu cần. Bản dịch khác: "" El Paran. El Paran gần sa mạc """ +GEN 14 7 my4b 0 General Information: Verses 8 and 9 repeats what was said in [Genesis 14:3](../14/03.md) and continues to tell what happened when the kings came together to fight. Các câu 8 và 9 lặp lại những gì đã được nói trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 14: 3 ] và tiếp tục kể lại những gì đã xảy ra khi các vua nhóm lại để đánh nhau. +GEN 14 7 rck2 figs-go 0 they turned and came The word “they” refers to the four foreign kings who were attacking the region of Canaan. Their names were Amraphel, Arioch, Chedorlaomer, and Tidal. Alternate translation: “they turned and went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Từ "" họ "" chỉ về bốn vị vua ngoại bang đang tấn công vùng đất Ca-na-an. Tên của họ là Am-ra-phên, A-ri-ốc, Kê-rô-wark me và Nê-bát. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" họ trở lui "" ." +GEN 14 7 ed6d 0 the Amorites who lived in Hazezon Tamar This phrase tells which Amorite people were defeated. There were other Amorite people who lived in other places. Cụm từ này cho biết dân A-mô-rít đã bị đánh bại. Có những dân A-mô-rít khác sống ở những nơi khác. +GEN 14 8 pq4d 0 the king of Bela (also called Zoar) The city of Bela was also called Zoar. This information could also be put at the end of the sentence. “the king of Bela went out and prepared for battle. Bela is also called Zoar.” "Thành phố Bela cũng được gọi là Zoar. Thông tin này cũng có thể được đặt ở cuối câu. "" Vua Bê - la - a đi ra và sửa - soạn chiến - trận. Bela cũng được gọi là Zoar. """ +GEN 14 8 v7s3 figs-explicit 0 prepared for battle “joined battle” or “drew up battle lines.” Some translators may need to also say that the armies fought, as the UST does in verse 9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Tham chiến "" hay "" thiết lập chiến tuyến "" . Một số dịch giả có thể cũng cần phải nói rằng các đạo quân đã chiến đấu, giống như Ust đã làm trong câu 9." +GEN 14 9 uq5u 0 four kings against the five Since the five kings were listed first, some languages might prefer to translate this as “five kings against four.” "Vì năm vua được liệt kê đầu tiên, một số ngôn ngữ có thể dịch là "" năm vua nghịch lại bốn "" ." +GEN 14 10 yn7e writing-background 0 Now This word introduces background information about the valley of Siddim. Your language may have another way of introducing background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này giới thiệu thông tin nền về thung lũng Siddim. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có cách khác để giới thiệu thông tin nền. +GEN 14 10 u9qi 0 was full of tar pits “had many tar pits.” These were holes in the ground that had tar in them. """ Có rất nhiều hố nhựa đường. "" +Đây là những cái hố có nhựa đường trên mặt đất." +GEN 14 10 f98l 0 tar a thick, sticky, black liquid that comes up from the ground. See how this is translated in [Genesis 11:3](../11/03.md). Một thứ chất lỏng màu đen đặc quánh, dính nhớp trồi lên từ mặt đất. Hãy xem cách dịch câu này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 3 ] . +GEN 14 10 mp8k figs-synecdoche 0 the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah Here the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah and their armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây các vua đại diện cho chính mình và quân đội của họ. Dịch cách khác: Các vua Sô - đôm và Gô - mô - rơ cùng quân - đội mình """ +GEN 14 10 kj2n figs-metonymy 0 they fell in there Possible meanings are (1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits or (2) the kings themselves fell in the tar pits. Since [Genesis 14:17](../14/17.md) says that the king of Sodom went to meet Abram, the first meaning is more likely correct. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) một số binh lính của họ ngã xuống hố nhựa đường hoặc ( 2 ) bản thân các vua cũng ngã xuống hố nhựa đường. Vì [ Sáng - thế Ký 14: 17 ] nói rằng vua thành Sô - đôm đã đến gặp Áp - ram, ý nghĩa thứ nhất có lẽ đúng hơn. +GEN 14 10 ern2 0 Those who were left “Those who did not die in battle and did not fall in the pits” """ Những kẻ không chết trong chiến trận và không ngã xuống hầm hố """ +GEN 14 11 rk4u figs-metonymy 0 the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah The words “Sodom” and “Gomorrah” are metonyms for the people who lived in those cities. Alternate translation: “the wealth of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah” or “the property of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Những từ "" Sô-đôm "" và "" Gô-mô-rơ "" là hoán dụ cho những người sống trong các thành phố ấy. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Sự giàu có của dân Sô - đôm và Gô - mô - rơ "" hoặc "" tài sản của dân Sô - đôm và Gô - mô - rơ """ +GEN 14 11 c7vp 0 their provisions “their food and drink” """ Đồ ăn thức uống của họ """ +GEN 14 11 e6qg 0 went their way “they went away” """ Họ ra đi """ +GEN 14 12 g2sj figs-distinguish 0 they also took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who was living in Sodom, along with all his possessions The phrases “Abram’s brother’s son” and “who was living in Sodom” remind the reader of things that were written earlier about Lot. Alternate translation: “they also took Lot, along with all his possessions. Lot was Abram’s brother’s son and was living in Sodom at that time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Những cụm từ "" con trai của Áp - ram, em của người "" và "" kẻ ở tại Sô - đôm "" nhắc độc giả nhớ đến những điều được viết trước đó về Lót. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ cũng bắt Lót cùng với tất cả tài sản của ông. Lót là con trai của Áp - ram, em của Áp - ram và hiện đang sống ở Sô - đôm """ +GEN 14 13 w39m 0 One who had escaped came “A man escaped from the battle and came” """ Có một người trốn khỏi chiến - trận, chạy đến """ +GEN 14 13 g8u8 writing-background 0 He was living “Abram was living.” This introduces background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) """ Áp-ram vẫn còn sống "" . Điều này giới thiệu thông tin về bối cảnh." +GEN 14 13 mmt3 0 were all allies of Abram “were treaty-partners with Abram” or “had a peace agreement with Abram” """ Đã kết ước cùng Áp - ram "" hoặc "" đã lập hòa cùng Áp - ram """ +GEN 14 14 se1t 0 his relative This is a reference to Abram’s nephew Lot. Đây là tham khảo đến Lót, cháu trai của Áp - ram. +GEN 14 14 wc3z translate-numbers 0 318 trained men “three hundred and eighteen trained men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Ba trăm mười tám người được huấn luyện """ +GEN 14 14 llz9 0 trained men “men who were trained to fight” """ Những người được huấn luyện để chiến đấu """ +GEN 14 14 gjn2 0 men who had been born in his house “men who were born in Abram’s household.” They were children of Abram’s servants. """ Người sanh trong nhà Áp - ram "" . Họ là con cháu các tôi tớ của Áp - ram." +GEN 14 14 a2k3 0 pursued them “chased them” """ Đuổi chúng nó đi """ +GEN 14 14 kgi3 0 Dan This is a city in the far north of Canaan, far from Abram’s camp. Đây là một thành phố ở phía bắc xứ Canaan xa xôi, cách xa trại quân của Ápram. +GEN 14 15 z2r4 0 He divided his men against them at night and attacked them This probably refers to a battle strategy. “Abram divided the men into several groups, and they attacked their enemies from various directions” "Điều này có lẽ ám chỉ đến một chiến lược chiến đấu. "" Áp-ram chia dân mình ra làm mấy phe, tấn công kẻ thù mình từ nhiều phía """ +GEN 14 16 fxf4 0 all the possessions This refers to the things that the enemies had stolen from the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. Điều này đề cập đến những vật mà kẻ thù đã đánh cắp từ các thành Sô-đôm và Gô-mô-rơ. +GEN 14 16 qp8w 0 his goods “Lot’s property that the enemies had stolen from Lot” """ Tài sản của Lót mà quân nghịch đã cướp lấy của Lót """ +GEN 14 16 gt3k 0 as well as the women and the other people “as well as the women and other people that the four kings had captured” """ Cũng như người nữ và kẻ khác mà bốn vua đã bắt lấy """ +GEN 14 17 s822 figs-explicit 0 returned The implied information about where he was returning to can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “returned to where he was living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Thông tin ngụ ý về nơi ông sẽ trở về có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trở về nơi ông đang sống """ +GEN 14 18 cz1b 0 Melchizedek, king of Salem This is the first time this king is mentioned. Đây là lần đầu tiên vị vua này được nhắc đến. +GEN 14 18 hqq1 0 bread and wine People commonly ate bread and wine. See how you translated “bread” in [Genesis 3:19](../03/19.md) and “wine” in [Genesis 9:21](../09/21.md). "Người ta thường ăn bánh mì và rượu. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" bánh "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 3: 19 ] và "" rượu "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 9: 21 ] ." +GEN 14 19 b6iz 0 He blessed him King Melchizedek blessed Abram. Vua Mên-chi-xê-đéc chúc phước cho Áp-ram. +GEN 14 19 wnf1 figs-activepassive 0 Blessed be Abram by God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God Most High, the Creator of heaven and earth, bless Abram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời chí cao, Đấng Tạo Hóa của trời và đất, ban phước cho Áp - ram """ +GEN 14 19 z9ck 0 heaven This refers to the place where God lives. Điều này ám chỉ nơi ở của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 14 20 pvn4 0 God Most High, who has given “God Most High, because he has given.” The phrase starting with “who has given” tells us something more about God Most High. """ Đức Chúa Trời Chí Cao, vì Ngài đã ban cho. "" +Cụm từ bắt đầu với "" Đấng đã ban cho "" cho chúng ta biết thêm điều gì đó về Đức Chúa Trời Chí Cao." +GEN 14 20 hyf9 0 Blessed be God Most High This is a way of praising God. See how you translated “blessed be” in [Genesis 9:26](../09/26.md). "Đây là cách ca ngợi Đức Chúa Trời. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ "" phước cho "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 9: 26 ] ." +GEN 14 20 me4m 0 into your hand “into your control” or “into your power” """ Nắm quyền kiểm soát "" hay "" nắm quyền lực """ +GEN 14 21 yzi9 0 Give me the people The phrase “the people” may refer to the people of Sodom that the enemies had captured. Abram rescued them when he rescued Lot. "Nhóm từ "" dân sự "" có thể chỉ về dân Sô-đôm mà kẻ thù đã chiếm được. Áp-ram đã giải cứu họ khi ông giải cứu Lót." +GEN 14 22 pw78 0 I have lifted up my hand This means “I have taken an oath” or “I have made a promise.” "Điều này có nghĩa là "" Tôi đã thề "" hoặc "" Tôi đã thực hiện một lời hứa. """ +GEN 14 24 fd75 0 I will take nothing except what the young men have eaten “I take from you only what my young men have already eaten.” Abram was refusing to accept anything for himself, but acknowledged that the soldiers had eaten some of the supplies during the journey back to Sodom after the battle. """ Tôi chỉ lấy của ông những gì các chàng trai trẻ của tôi đã ăn rồi. "" +Áp-ram từ chối nhận bất cứ thứ gì cho mình, nhưng nhận biết rằng binh lính đã ăn một phần lương thực trên đường trở về Sô-đôm sau trận chiến." +GEN 14 24 xk3g figs-explicit 0 the share of the men that went with me The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the share of the recovered property that belongs to the men who helped me get it back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Phần tài sản được thu hồi thuộc về những người đã giúp tôi lấy lại """ +GEN 14 24 dn4x figs-explicit 0 Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre These are the allies of Abram ([Genesis 14:13](../14/13.md)). Because they were Abram’s allies they fought battles alongside him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “my allies Aner, Eshkol, and Mamre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là những đồng minh của Ápram ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 14: 13 ] ) . Vì họ là đồng minh của Ápram nên họ đã đánh trận bên cạnh ông. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các đồng minh của tôi là Aner, EshKol và Mamre """ +GEN 15 intro b77u 0 # Genesis 15 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Inheritance
In the ancient Near East, a person’s children inherited the property and land of their parents. Abraham doubted the fulfillment of God’s covenant because he did not have any children to whom to give his land. This showed a lack of faith. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]],[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])

### Fulfilling a promise
In the ancient Near East, two people performed a similar sacrifice by dividing animals in half. It was a way to say to the other person, “may this happen to me if I do not fulfill my promise.” The event recorded here indicates that God will fulfill his promise and only he is responsible for bringing it about. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### God’s covenant with Abraham

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. This covenant has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. "Sáng thế ký 15 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Cơ nghiệp +Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, con cái của một người được thừa hưởng tài sản và đất đai của cha mẹ mình. Áp-ra-ham nghi ngờ sự ứng nghiệm giao ước của Đức Chúa Trời vì ông không có con cái để ban xứ mình. Điều này cho thấy ông thiếu đức tin. Thực hiện lời hứa +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, hai người đã thực hiện một của - lễ tương tự bằng cách chia các con vật làm hai. Đó là một cách để nói với người kia rằng: "" Nguyện điều này xảy ra cho tôi nếu tôi không thực hiện lời hứa của mình "" . Sự kiện được ghi lại ở đây cho thấy rằng Đức Chúa Trời sẽ thực hiện lời hứa của Ngài và chỉ một mình Ngài có trách nhiệm thực hiện lời hứa đó. Sự kiện được ghi lại ở đây cho thấy rằng Đức Chúa Trời sẽ làm trọn lời hứa của Ngài và chỉ có Ngài chịu trách nhiệm thực hiện lời hứa đó. Đức Chúa Trời lập giao ước với Áp-ram. Giao ước này không phụ thuộc vào bất cứ điều gì Áp-ra-ham cần làm, nhưng sự ứng nghiệm những lời hứa của nó phụ thuộc vào hành động của mỗi thế hệ con cháu ông. Giao ước này chưa được ứng nghiệm trọn vẹn." +GEN 15 1 u7m1 0 After these things “These things” refers to when the kings fought and Abram rescued Lot. """ Những điều nầy "" ám chỉ khi các vua tranh chiến và Ápram giải cứu Lót." +GEN 15 1 y6sg figs-idiom 0 the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision, saying, “Fear The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Abram in a vision. He said, ‘Fear” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Abram in a vision: ‘Fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Thành ngữ "" Lời của Đức Giê-hô-va phán đến "" được dùng để giới thiệu một sứ điệp đặc biệt từ Đức Chúa Trời. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va ban một sứ điệp cho Áp-ram trong một khải tượng. Ông nói: "" Hãy kính sợ "" hoặc "" Đức Giê-hô-va phán sứ điệp này với Áp-ram trong một khải tượng: "" Hãy kính sợ """ +GEN 15 1 f5jx figs-metaphor 0 shield…reward God used these two metaphors to tell Abram about his character and his relationship to Abram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Đức Chúa Trời đã dùng hai ẩn dụ nầy để nói với Ápram về tính cách của ông và mối quan hệ của ông với Ápram. +GEN 15 1 q9jg figs-metaphor 0 I am your shield Soldiers use a shield to protect themselves from their enemies. Alternate translation: “I will protect you like shield” or “I am your shield to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Binh lính dùng khiên để bảo vệ mình khỏi kẻ thù. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Tôi sẽ bảo vệ bạn như cái khiên "" hoặc "" Tôi là cái khiên để bảo vệ bạn """ +GEN 15 1 a84d 0 I am…your very great reward Possible meanings are (1) “I myself will be all that you need” or (2) “I will give you all you need.” "Những ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" Chính ta sẽ là tất cả những gì ngươi cần "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Ta sẽ ban cho ngươi tất cả những gì ngươi cần "" ." +GEN 15 1 d6eq figs-metonymy 0 reward the result of a person’s actions. This seems to be a metonym for the gracious blessing God would give Abram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Kết quả của hành động của một người. Đây dường như là một hoán dụ cho phước hạnh nhân từ Đức Chúa Trời sẽ ban cho Áp-ram. +GEN 15 3 e54g 0 Abram said, “Since you have given me “Abram continued speaking and said, ‘Since you have given me’” """ Áp - ram lại nói rằng: Vì Chúa đã ban cho tôi điều đó """ +GEN 15 4 ym81 0 Then, behold The word “behold” emphasizes the fact that the word of Yahweh came to Abraham again. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" nhấn mạnh sự kiện lời của Đức Giê-hô-va lại đến với Áp-ra-ham một lần nữa." +GEN 15 4 a5xl figs-idiom 0 the word of Yahweh came to him, saying, “This The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this idiom in [Genesis 15:1](./01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave him a message. He said, ‘This” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: ‘This” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Thành ngữ "" Lời của Đức Giê-hô-va phán đến "" được dùng để giới thiệu một sứ điệp đặc biệt từ Đức Chúa Trời. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch thành ngữ này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 15: 1 ] ( . / 01.MD ) . Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đã ban cho ông một sứ điệp. Ông nói, ' Điều này "" hoặc "" Đức Giê-hô-va phán sứ điệp này với ông: ' Điều này """ +GEN 15 4 jf7t 0 This man This refers to Eliezer of Damascus. Điều này ám chỉ Ê - li - ê - se ở Đa - mách. +GEN 15 4 t2nt 0 the one who will come from your own body “the one that you will father” or “your very own son.” Abram’s own son would become his heir. """ Người mà con sẽ làm cha "" hay "" Chính con trai của con. "" +Con trai của Áp - ram sẽ trở thành người thừa kế của ông." +GEN 15 5 rzc6 0 number the stars “count the stars” """ Đếm các ngôi sao """ +GEN 15 5 s2td 0 So will your descendants be Just as Abram would not be able to count all the stars, he would not be able to count all his descendants because there would be so many. Giống như Áp-ram sẽ không thể đếm hết các ngôi sao, ông cũng sẽ không thể đếm hết con cháu mình bởi vì sẽ có quá nhiều. +GEN 15 6 wi6t 0 He believed Yahweh This means he accepted and trusted what Yahweh said was true. Điều này có nghĩa là ông chấp nhận và tin cậy những gì Đức Giê-hô-va phán là thật. +GEN 15 6 vu8m 0 he counted it to him as righteousness “Yahweh counted Abram’s belief as righteousness” or “Yahweh considered Abram righteous because Abram believed him” """ Đức Giê-hô-va kể sự tin kính của Áp-ram là công bình "" hoặc "" Đức Giê-hô-va kể Áp-ram là công bình vì Áp-ram tin Ngài """ +GEN 15 7 s8nq 0 I am Yahweh, who brought you out of Ur Yahweh was reminding Abraham of what he had already done so that Abraham would know that Yahweh had the power to give Abram what he promised him. Đức Giê-hô-va đang nhắc nhở Áp-ra-ham về những điều Ngài đã làm để Áp-ra-ham biết rằng Đức Giê-hô-va có quyền năng ban cho Áp-ram những điều Ngài đã hứa. +GEN 15 7 vpc6 0 to inherit it “to receive it” or “so that you will possess it” """ Để nhận lãnh "" hay "" để anh em sẽ chiếm hữu nó """ +GEN 15 8 xgm4 0 how will I know Abram was asking for more proof that Yahweh would give him the land. Áp - ram muốn có thêm bằng chứng là Đức Giê - hô - va sẽ ban đất cho ông. +GEN 15 11 ej2r 0 the carcasses “the dead bodies of the animals and birds” """ Xác chết của thú vật và chim chóc """ +GEN 15 11 ld5n 0 Abram drove them away “Abram chased the birds away.” He made sure the birds did not eat the dead animals. """ Ápram đuổi các loài chim đi "" . Ông biết chắc các loài chim không ăn thịt các thú vật đã chết." +GEN 15 12 mt8x figs-idiom 0 Abram fell sound asleep This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Abraham slept deeply” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ. Bản dịch khác: "" Ápraham đã ngủ sâu """ +GEN 15 12 s67i 0 a deep and terrifying darkness “an extreme darkness that terrified him” """ Sự tối tăm quá đỗi làm cho Ngài kinh hãi """ +GEN 15 12 t6p7 0 overwhelmed him “surrounded him” """ Vây phủ nó """ +GEN 15 13 v3tk 0 strangers people who are at home in one place but have to live in another place Những người đang ở nhà tại một nơi nhưng phải sống tại một nơi khác +GEN 15 13 ayu5 figs-activepassive 0 will be enslaved and oppressed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the owners of that land will enslave your descendants and oppress them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chủ đất sẽ nô dịch con cháu ngươi và áp bức chúng """ +GEN 15 14 u2c1 0 General Information: Yahweh continued to speak to Abram while Abram dreamed. Ðức Giê hô va phán cùng Áp ram trong khi người nằm chiêm bao. +GEN 15 14 chv9 figs-metonymy 0 I will judge Here “judge” is a metonym for what will happen after God makes the judgment. Alternate translation: “I will punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đoán xét "" là một hoán dụ cho những gì sẽ xảy ra sau khi Đức Chúa Trời thực hiện sự đoán xét. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Ta sẽ trừng phạt """ +GEN 15 14 i1hs figs-explicit 0 that they will serve The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “that your descendants will serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Con cháu ngươi sẽ phụng sự """ +GEN 15 14 i716 figs-idiom 0 abundant possessions This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “many possessions” or “great wealth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Nhiều tài sản "" hay "" của cải rất nhiều """ +GEN 15 15 zj2t figs-euphemism 0 you will go to your fathers This is a polite way of saying “you will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một cách nói lịch sự của câu nói "" Bạn sẽ chết "" ." +GEN 15 15 ce5w figs-synecdoche 0 fathers The word “fathers” is a synecdoche for all ancestors. Alternate translation: “ancestors” or “ancestral fathers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Từ ngữ "" cha "" là một phép hoán dụ cho tất cả các tổ tiên. Dịch cách khác: "" Tổ tiên "" hoặc "" Tổ tiên tổ tiên """ +GEN 15 15 m38i 0 you will be buried in a good old age “you will be very old when you die and your family buries your body” """ Khi anh chết, anh sẽ rất già và gia đình anh sẽ chôn cất anh """ +GEN 15 16 t8tm 0 In the fourth generation Here one generation refers to a lifespan of 100 years. “After four hundred years” "Ở đây một thế hệ đề cập đến tuổi thọ 100 năm. "" Sau bốn trăm năm """ +GEN 15 16 kgu5 0 they will come here again “your descendants will come back here.” Abraham’s descendants would come to the land where Abram was then living, the land that Yahweh had promised to give to him. """ Con cháu các ngươi sẽ trở lại đây. "" +Dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham sẽ đến vùng đất mà Áp-ram đang sinh sống, vùng đất mà Đức Giê-hô-va đã hứa ban cho ông." +GEN 15 16 dfh5 0 has not yet reached its limit “is not yet complete” or “will get much worse before I punish them” """ Chưa hoàn tất "" hay "" sẽ còn tệ hơn nữa trước khi ta trừng phạt chúng """ +GEN 15 17 bak2 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 15 17 dq6q 0 a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch passed between the pieces God did this to show Abram that he was making a covenant with him. Đức Chúa Trời làm thế để cho Áp - ram thấy rằng Ngài đang lập giao ước với ông. +GEN 15 17 b8ea 0 passed between the pieces “passed through between the two rows of animal pieces” """ Đi qua giữa hai hàng thú dữ """ +GEN 15 18 jca2 0 covenant In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, and he will continue to bless him as long as Abram follows him. Trong giao ước nầy Đức Chúa Trời hứa chúc phước cho Ápram, và Ngài sẽ tiếp tục chúc phước cho ông miễn là Ápram bước theo Ngài. +GEN 15 18 n51q 0 I hereby give this land By saying this, God was giving the land to Abram’s descendants. God was doing this then, but the descendants would not go into the land until many years later. Bằng cách nói điều nầy, Đức Chúa Trời đang ban xứ ấy cho con cháu của Ápram. Đức Chúa Trời đang làm điều này, nhưng con cháu Áp-ram sẽ không được vào xứ cho đến nhiều năm sau đó. +GEN 15 19 z53u translate-names 0 the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là những tên của những nhóm người sống trong vùng đất đó. Đức Chúa Trời sẽ cho phép dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham chinh phục những người này và chiếm lấy xứ của họ. +GEN 15 20 s5a4 translate-names 0 the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là những tên của những nhóm người sống trong vùng đất đó. Đức Chúa Trời sẽ cho phép dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham chinh phục những người này và chiếm lấy xứ của họ. +GEN 15 21 x8uz translate-names 0 the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites, and the Jebusites These are the names of groups of people who lived in that land. God would allow Abraham’s descendants to conquer these people and take their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là những tên của những nhóm người sống trong vùng đất đó. Đức Chúa Trời sẽ cho phép dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham chinh phục những người này và chiếm lấy xứ của họ. +GEN 16 intro hcf5 0 # Genesis 16 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 16:11-12.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Plural marriage
Abram married Hagar while he was also married to Sarai. Even though Abram had his wife’s permission, this was an immoral and sinful action. It also showed a lack of faith in God. Sarai quickly became jealous of Hagar. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 16 ghi chú +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với thơ ca trong 16: 11 - 12. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Hôn nhân số nhiều +Áp-ram cưới A-ga trong khi ông cũng cưới Sa-ra. Dù Áp - ram được vợ cho phép, đây là một hành động vô luân và tội lỗi. Điều này cũng cho thấy ông thiếu đức tin nơi Đức Chúa Trời. Sa - rai ghen tị với A - ga." +GEN 16 1 g63i writing-background 0 Now This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and background information about Sarai. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được dùng trong tiếng Anh để giới thiệu một phần mới của câu chuyện và thông tin nền tảng về Sarai. +GEN 16 1 qvt5 0 female servant “slave-girl.” This type of slave would serve the woman of the household. """ Con bé nô lệ. "" +Loại nô lệ này sẽ phục vụ người nữ trong gia đình." +GEN 16 2 mi22 0 from having children “from giving birth to children” """ Từ khi sinh con """ +GEN 16 2 g7pn 0 I will have children by her “I will build my family through her” """ Ta sẽ xây dựng gia đình ta qua nàng """ +GEN 16 2 d65g 0 Abram listened to the voice of Sarai “Abram did what Sarai said” """ Ápram đã làm theo điều Sarai nói """ +GEN 16 4 r8xr 0 she looked with contempt on her mistress “she despised her mistress” or “she thought that she was more valuable than her mistress” """ Nàng khinh bỉ bà chủ mình "" hay "" Nàng nghĩ rằng mình có giá trị hơn bà chủ mình """ +GEN 16 4 n3w5 0 her mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. Alternate translation: “her owner” or “Sarai” "Ở đây ám chỉ Sarai. Bà chủ có quyền trên nô lệ của mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chủ "" hoặc "" Sa - rai """ +GEN 16 5 zy8r 0 This wrong on me “This injustice against me” """ Sự bất công này nghịch cùng tôi """ +GEN 16 5 cs17 0 is because of you “is your responsibility” or “is your fault” """ Là trách nhiệm của bạn "" hay "" là lỗi của bạn """ +GEN 16 5 pg3a figs-euphemism 0 I gave my servant woman into your embrace Sarai used the word “embrace” here to refer to him sleeping with her. Alternate translation: “I gave you my servant so that you would sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Sarai đã sử dụng từ "" ôm ấp "" ở đây để nói đến việc ông ngủ với nàng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ta ban cho ngươi đầy tớ ta để ngươi ngủ với nàng """ +GEN 16 5 da2j figs-activepassive 0 I was despised in her eyes This can be active. Alternate translation: “she hated me” or “she began to hate me” or “she thought she was better than me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Cái này có thể hoạt động. Có thể dịch là: "" Cô ấy ghét tôi "" hoặc "" Cô ấy bắt đầu ghét tôi "" hoặc "" Cô ấy nghĩ cô ấy tốt hơn tôi """ +GEN 16 5 yn9x 0 Let Yahweh judge between me and you “I want Yahweh to say whether this is my fault or your fault” or “I want Yahweh to decide which one of us is right.” The phrase “to judge between” means to decide which person is right in a dispute between them. "Tôi muốn Ðức Giê hô va nói điều đó là lỗi tôi hay lỗi của ông. Tôi muốn Ðức Giê hô va đoán định ai trong chúng ta là công bình. Cụm từ "" xét đoán giữa "" có nghĩa là quyết định người nào là đúng trong một cuộc tranh cãi giữa họ." +GEN 16 6 xrl3 0 See here “Listen to me” or “Pay attention” """ Hãy nghe ta "" hay "" Hãy chú ý """ +GEN 16 6 dgm6 0 in your power “under your authority” """ Dưới quyền của Chúa """ +GEN 16 6 j5i9 0 Sarai dealt harshly with her “Sarai treated Hagar very badly” """ Sarai đối xử với Hagar rất tệ """ +GEN 16 6 t433 0 she fled from her “Hagar fled from Sarai” """ A - ga chạy trốn khỏi Sa - rai """ +GEN 16 7 e27g 0 The angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) Yahweh tự làm cho mình trông giống như một thiên sứ hoặc ( 2 ) đây là một trong những thiên sứ của Yahweh hoặc ( 3 ) đây là một sứ giả đặc biệt đến từ Đức Chúa Trời ( một số học giả cho rằng đó là Chúa Jesus ) . Vì cụm từ này không được hiểu rõ, tốt nhất nên dịch đơn giản là "" thiên sứ của Đức Giê-hô-va "" bằng cách sử dụng từ thông thường mà bạn dùng cho "" thiên sứ. """ +GEN 16 7 w6d6 0 wilderness The wilderness area she went to was a desert. Alternate translation: “desert” "Khu vực đồng vắng mà bà đi đến là một hoang mạc. Một bản khác dịch là "" sa mạc """ +GEN 16 7 y62e 0 Shur This was the name of a place south of Canaan and east of Egypt. Đây là tên của một nơi ở phía nam Ca-na-an và phía đông Ai Cập. +GEN 16 8 mk7v 0 my mistress Here this refers to Sarai. A mistress has authority over her slave. See how “her mistress” is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “my owner” "Ở đây ám chỉ Sarai. Bà chủ có quyền trên nô lệ của mình. Hãy xem từ "" bà chủ "" được dịch như thế nào nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 16: 4 ] . Một cách dịch khác: "" Chủ tôi """ +GEN 16 9 rqm5 0 The angel of Yahweh said to her “The angel of Yahweh said to Hagar” Thiên sứ của Ðức Giê hô va nói cùng A ga rằng: +GEN 16 9 r9gt 0 your mistress Sarai. See how “her mistress” is translated in [Genesis 16:4](../16/04.md). "Sarai. Hãy xem từ "" bà chủ "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 16: 4 ] ." +GEN 16 10 km4g 0 the angel of Yahweh See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). Hãy xem phần ghi chú về cụm từ nầy trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 16: 7 ] . +GEN 16 10 aa1h 0 the angel of Yahweh said to her, “I When he said “I,” he was referring to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the word “I” when referring to Yahweh. "Khi người nói: Ta; ấy là nói về Ðức Giê hô va. Khi dịch những gì có trong câu trích dẫn, hãy làm y như thiên sứ của Đức Giê-hô-va đã làm và dùng chữ "" Ta "" khi nói đến Đức Giê-hô-va." +GEN 16 10 xr66 0 I will greatly multiply your descendants “I will give you very many descendants” """ Ta sẽ ban cho các ngươi rất nhiều con cháu """ +GEN 16 10 sn9f 0 too numerous to count “so many that no one will be able to count them” """ Nhiều đến nỗi không ai đếm được """ +GEN 16 11 ee9v 0 The angel of Yahweh See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). Hãy xem phần ghi chú về cụm từ nầy trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 16: 7 ] . +GEN 16 11 mj7q 0 Behold “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" lắng nghe "" hoặc "" chú ý """ +GEN 16 11 qqh8 0 bear a son “give birth to a son” """ Sanh một con trai """ +GEN 16 11 t29c 0 you will call his name “you will name him.” The word “you” refers to Hagar. """ Con sẽ đặt tên cho nó. "" +Từ "" ngươi "" đề cập đến A-ga." +GEN 16 11 x6x4 0 Ishmael, because Yahweh has heard Translators may add a footnote that says “The name ‘Ishmael’ means ‘God has heard.’” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên ' Ishmael ' có nghĩa là ' Thượng Đế đã nghe ' . Các dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên ' Ích - ma - ên ' có nghĩa là ' Đức Chúa Trời đã nghe ' "" ." +GEN 16 11 xmm5 0 affliction She has been afflicted by distress and suffering. Bà đau khổ và khổ sở. +GEN 16 12 rpu1 figs-metaphor 0 He will be a wild donkey of a man This was not an insult. It may mean that Ishmael would be independent and strong like a wild donkey. Alternate translation: “He will be like a wild donkey among men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đây không phải là một sự sỉ nhục. Nó có thể có nghĩa là Ích-ma-ên sẽ độc lập và mạnh mẽ như một con lừa rừng. Một bản khác dịch: "" Người sẽ như con lừa rừng giữa loài người """ +GEN 16 12 vyt4 0 He will be hostile against every man “He will be every man’s enemy” """ Hắn sẽ là kẻ thù của mọi người """ +GEN 16 12 j1p2 0 every man will be hostile to him “everyone will be his enemy” """ Ai nấy sẽ là kẻ thù của Ngài """ +GEN 16 12 q8j2 0 he will live apart from This can also mean “he will live in hostility with.” "Điều này cũng có thể có nghĩa là "" Ngài sẽ sống trong sự thù nghịch với. """ +GEN 16 12 ihy3 0 his brothers “his relatives” or “the other members of his family” """ Bà con "" hay "" các thành viên khác trong gia đình """ +GEN 16 13 t9b6 0 Yahweh who spoke to her “Yahweh, because he spoke to her” """ Hỡi Ðức Giê hô va, vì Ngài đã phán cùng nàng """ +GEN 16 13 jsy3 figs-rquestion 0 Do I really continue to see,…me? Hagar used this rhetorical question to express her amazement that she was still alive even after she met God. People expected that if they met God, they would die. Here seeing represents living. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that I am still alive,…me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "A-ga đã sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này để bày tỏ sự kinh ngạc của nàng rằng nàng vẫn còn sống ngay cả sau khi nàng gặp Đức Chúa Trời. Người ta mong đợi rằng nếu họ gặp Đức Chúa Trời, họ sẽ chết. Ở đây nhìn thấy tượng trưng cho sự sống. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Tôi ngạc nhiên là mình vẫn còn sống, … là tôi "" ." +GEN 16 14 ez2d translate-names 0 Therefore the well was called Beer Lahai Roi Translators may add a footnote that says “Beer Lahai Roi means ‘the well of the living one who sees me.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú "" Bia Lahai roi có nghĩa là ' cái giếng của người sống nhìn thấy tôi ' . """ +GEN 16 14 c8h8 translate-names 0 behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered The word “behold” here draws attention to the fact that the well was in a place that the author and his readers knew. Alternate translation: “in fact, it is between Kadesh and Bered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Từ "" nầy "" ở đây thu hút sự chú ý đến sự thật rằng cái giếng nằm ở một nơi mà tác giả và độc giả của ông đã biết. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Thật ra, nó nằm giữa Kadesh và Bered """ +GEN 16 15 x6tu figs-explicit 0 Hagar gave birth Hagar’s return to Sarai and Abram is implict. You can make this more explicit. Alternate translation: “So Hagar went back and gave birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sự trở về của A-ga với Sa-rai và Áp-ram có liên quan đến nhau. Bạn có thể nói rõ hơn về điều này. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vậy, A - ga trở về và sanh con """ +GEN 16 15 g9my 0 named his son, whom Hagar bore “named his son by Hagar” or “named his and Hagar’s son” """ Bởi A - ga đặt tên cho con trai mình "" hoặc "" đặt tên cho con trai A - ga """ +GEN 16 16 cdy2 writing-background 0 Abram was This introduces background information about Abram’s age when these things happened. Your language may have a special way to mark background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Điều nầy giới thiệu thông tin nền tảng về tuổi tác của Ápram khi những việc nầy xảy ra. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có một cách đặc biệt để đánh dấu thông tin về đời sống. +GEN 16 16 e7x4 0 bore Ishmael to Abram This means “gave birth to Abram’s son, Ishmael.” The focus is on Abram having a son. "Điều này có nghĩa là "" sinh con trai của Áp-ram, Ích-ma-ên "" . Trọng tâm là Áp-ram có một con trai." +GEN 17 intro ry14 0 # Genesis 17 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### “The father of a multitude of nations”
Abram came to have many descendants. He had so many descendants that many of his immediate descendants became large people groups and nations.

### God’s covenant with Abraham

God made a covenant with Abram. This covenant was not conditioned upon anything that Abraham needed to do, but the fulfillment of its promises is conditioned upon the actions of each generation of his descendants. It has not yet been fulfilled in its entirety. It is important to note in this chapter that Isaac is the son who receives the promises associated with the covenant and not Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Circumcision
Circumcision was an unusual practice in the ancient Near East. It served to separate the Hebrew people from the rest of the world. This chapter records the beginning of this practice among Abraham and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])

### Name change
In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The beginning of the practice of circumcision was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people. "Sáng thế ký 17 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +"" Tổ phụ của nhiều dân tộc "" +Áp - ram có nhiều con cháu. Ông có nhiều con cháu đến nỗi nhiều người trong số con cháu của ông trở thành những nhóm dân và dân tộc lớn. Giao ước của Đức Chúa Trời với Áp - ra - ham +God made a covenant with abram. Giao ước này không phụ thuộc vào bất cứ điều gì Áp-ra-ham cần làm, nhưng sự ứng nghiệm những lời hứa của nó phụ thuộc vào hành động của mỗi thế hệ con cháu ông. Giao ước này chưa được ứng nghiệm trọn vẹn. Điều quan trọng cần lưu ý trong chương này là Y-sác là con trai người nhận những lời hứa gắn liền với giao ước chớ không phải Ích-ma-ên. Điều quan trọng cần lưu ý trong chương này là Y-sác là con trai nhận lãnh những lời hứa gắn liền với giao ước chớ không phải Ích-ma-ên. Phép cắt bì là một thực hành bất thường ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại. Phép cắt bì nhằm mục đích phân cách người Hê-bơ-rơ với phần còn lại của thế giới. Chương này ghi lại sự khởi đầu của thực hành này giữa Áp-ra-ham và con cháu ông. Đổi tên +Trong Kinh Thánh, một sự thay đổi tên luôn xảy ra tại một thời điểm rất quan trọng trong đời sống của một người. Sự khởi đầu của việc thực hành phép cắt bì là một sự kiện quan trọng trong lịch sử của người Hê-bơ-rơ." +GEN 17 1 e289 0 When Abram was ninety-nine years old This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 17 1 j61v 0 God Almighty “the all-powerful God” or “the God who has all power” """ Đức Chúa Trời toàn năng "" hay "" Đức Chúa Trời có mọi quyền năng """ +GEN 17 1 cp7w figs-metaphor 0 Walk before me Walking is a metaphor for living, and “before me” or “in my presence” here is a metaphor for obedience. Alternate translation: “Live the way I want you to” or “Obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Bước đi là một ẩn dụ cho sự sống, và "" trước tôi "" hay "" trong sự hiện diện của tôi "" ở đây là một ẩn dụ cho sự vâng lời. Dịch thay thế: "" Hãy sống theo cách Ta muốn "" hay "" Hãy vâng lời Ta """ +GEN 17 2 e6dj 0 Then I will confirm “If you do this, then I will confirm” """ Nếu ngài làm điều này, thì tôi sẽ xác nhận """ +GEN 17 2 n6qi 0 I will confirm my covenant “I will give my covenant” or “I will make my covenant” """ Ta sẽ ban giao ước Ta "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ lập giao ước Ta """ +GEN 17 2 x3wu 0 covenant In this covenant God promises to bless Abram, but he also requires Abram to obey him. Trong giao ước nầy Đức Chúa Trời hứa chúc phước cho Ápram, nhưng Ngài cũng đòi hỏi Ápram phải vâng lời Ngài. +GEN 17 2 qt2p figs-idiom 0 multiply you exceedingly Here “multiply you” is an idiom that means he will give him more descendants. Alternate translation: “greatly increase the number of your descendants” or “give you very many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" nhân Ngài "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Ngài sẽ ban cho Ngài nhiều con cháu hơn. Cách dịch khác: "" Số con cháu ngươi thêm nhiều lên "" hay "" Cho ngươi rất nhiều con cháu """ +GEN 17 3 m64l 0 Abram bowed low with his face to the ground “Abram threw himself face down on the ground” or “Abraham immediately lay down with his face to the ground.” He did this to show that he respected God and would obey him. """ Áp - ram sấp mình xuống đất "" hoặc "" Áp - ra - ham liền sấp mặt xuống đất "" . Ông làm thế để cho thấy ông kính trọng Đức Chúa Trời và vâng lời Ngài." +GEN 17 4 j6m4 0 As for me God used this phrase to introduce what he would do for Abram as part of his covenant with Abram. Đức Chúa Trời đã sử dụng cụm từ nầy để giới thiệu những gì Ngài sẽ làm cho Ápram như một phần giao ước của Ngài với Ápram. +GEN 17 4 x8l2 0 behold, my covenant is with you The word “behold” here says that what comes next is certain: “my covenant is certainly with you.” "Từ ngữ "" nầy "" ở đây nói rằng những gì đến tiếp theo là chắc chắn: "" Sự giao ước ta lập với các ngươi "" ." +GEN 17 4 x5p4 0 the father of a multitude of nations “the father of a great number of nations” or “the one after whom many nations name themselves” """ Cha của nhiều nước "" hoặc "" người mà nhiều nước lấy làm nổi danh """ +GEN 17 6 qgt7 0 I will make you exceedingly fruitful “I will cause you to have very many descendants” """ Ta sẽ làm cho ngươi có nhiều dòng dõi đông đúc """ +GEN 17 6 z2ge 0 I will make nations of you “I will cause your descendants to become nations” """ Ta sẽ làm cho dòng - dõi ngươi thành một dân - tộc """ +GEN 17 6 u97r 0 kings will descend from you “among your descendants there will be kings” or “some of your descendants will be kings” """ Trong dòng - dõi ngươi sẽ có những vua "" hoặc "" mấy kẻ trong dòng - dõi ngươi sẽ làm vua """ +GEN 17 7 qx71 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Abraham. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Áp-ra-ham. +GEN 17 7 nr7x 0 throughout their generations “for each generation” """ Cho mỗi thế hệ """ +GEN 17 7 pbe9 0 for an everlasting covenant “as a covenant that will last forever” """ Như một giao ước còn đến đời đời """ +GEN 17 7 pr1d 0 to be God to you and to your descendants after you “to be your God and your descendants’ God” or “covenant” """ Làm Đức Chúa Trời ngươi và con cháu ngươi, tức là Đức Chúa Trời "" hay "" giao ước """ +GEN 17 8 hur8 0 Canaan, for an everlasting possession “Canaan, as an everlasting possession” or “Canaan, to possess forever” """ Ca-na-an, là cơ nghiệp đời đời "" hay "" Ca-na-an, để sở hữu cho đến đời đời """ +GEN 17 9 x9sd 0 As for you God uses this phrase to introduce what Abram would have to do as part of God’s covenant with him. Đức Chúa Trời sử dụng cụm từ nầy để giới thiệu những gì Ápram sẽ phải làm như một phần trong giao ước của Đức Chúa Trời với ông. +GEN 17 9 x8a9 0 keep my covenant “observe my covenant” or “honor my covenant” or “obey my covenant” """ Giữ giao ước ta "" hay "" tôn trọng giao ước ta "" hay "" vâng giữ giao ước ta """ +GEN 17 10 jn4e 0 This is my covenant “This is a requirement of my covenant” or “This is part of my covenant.” This sentence introduces the part of the covenant that Abram must do. """ Đây là một đòi hỏi của giao ước ta "" hay "" Đây là một phần của giao ước ta. "" +Câu nầy giới thiệu phần của giao ước mà Ápram phải thực hiện." +GEN 17 10 ib6l figs-activepassive 0 Every male among you must be circumcised This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “You must circumcise every male among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được nêu trong một hình thức hoạt động. Một bản khác dịch câu này: "" Các ngươi phải cắt bì mọi người nam trong vòng mình """ +GEN 17 10 xjr3 0 Every male This refers to human males. Điều này đề cập đến nam giới. +GEN 17 11 j6pm figs-euphemism 0 You must be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin Some communities may prefer a less descriptive expression such as “You must be circumcised.” If your translation of “be circumcised” already includes the word for “foreskin”, you do not need to repeat it. This can be made active. Alternate translation: “You must circumcise every male among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Một số cộng đồng có lẽ thích một cách diễn tả ít mô tả hơn như "" ngươi phải chịu cắt bì "" . Nếu từ "" chịu cắt bì "" đã bao gồm từ "" bao quy đầu "" , bạn không cần lặp lại. Điều này có thể được thực hiện một cách tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Anh em phải cắt bì mọi người nam trong vòng anh em """ +GEN 17 11 i3l8 0 the sign of the covenant “the sign that shows that the covenant exists” """ Dấu hiệu cho thấy giao ước hiện hữu """ +GEN 17 11 s7vs 0 the sign Possible meanings are (1) “the sign” or (2) “a sign.” The first means that there was one sign, and the second means that there may have been more than one sign. Here the word “sign” means a reminder of something that God had promised. "Những ý nghĩa có thể có là ( 1 ) "" dấu hiệu "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" một dấu hiệu. "" +Ý nghĩa thứ nhất là có một dấu hiệu, và ý nghĩa thứ hai là có thể có nhiều hơn một dấu hiệu. Ở đây chữ "" dấu hiệu "" có nghĩa là sự nhắc nhở về một điều mà Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa." +GEN 17 12 t92x 0 General Information: God continues speaking to Abraham. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục phán với Áp-ra-ham. +GEN 17 12 xpc8 0 Every male “Every human male” """ Mọi người nam """ +GEN 17 12 ev7m 0 throughout your people’s generations “in every generation” """ Trong mọi thế hệ """ +GEN 17 12 ed5x figs-activepassive 0 him who is bought with money This refers to slaves. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “any male that you buy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này nói đến nô lệ. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Mọi người nam mà anh em mua """ +GEN 17 13 fim6 figs-activepassive 0 my covenant will be in your flesh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will mark my covenant in your flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Ngươi sẽ đánh dấu giao ước của ta bằng thịt ngươi """ +GEN 17 13 ea1n 0 for an everlasting covenant “as a permanent covenant.” Because it was marked in flesh, no one could easily erase it. """ Làm giao ước đời đời. "" +Bởi vì nó được đánh dấu bằng xác thịt, không ai có thể dễ dàng xóa bỏ nó." +GEN 17 14 lpi7 figs-activepassive 0 uncircumcised male who is not circumcised This can be stated in active form, and you may leave out words that will give wrong meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “male whom you have not circumcised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được trình bày dưới dạng chủ động, và bạn có thể bỏ qua những từ mang ý nghĩa sai trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Người nam mà bạn chưa cắt bì """ +GEN 17 14 any2 0 Any uncircumcised male…foreskin will be cut off from his people Possible meanings are (1) “I will cut off any uncircumcised male…foreskin from his people” or (2) “I want you to cut off any uncircumcised male…foreskin from his people.” "Những ý nghĩa có thể là: "" Ta sẽ trừ - tiệt những kẻ không chịu cắt bì khỏi dân sự Ngài "" hoặc: "" Ta muốn ngươi trừ - tiệt những kẻ không chịu cắt bì khỏi dân sự Ngài "" ." +GEN 17 14 pi4v figs-euphemism 0 cut off from his people Possible meanings are (1) “killed” or (2) “sent away from the community.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" bị giết "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" bị đuổi ra khỏi cộng đồng. """ +GEN 17 14 e2n7 0 He has broken my covenant “He has not obeyed the rules of my covenant.” This is the reason that he would be cut off from his people. """ Ngài đã không vâng theo những luật lệ trong giao ước của ta. "" +Đây là lý do Ngài sẽ bị truất khỏi dân sự Ngài." +GEN 17 15 w67t 0 As for Sarai The words “As for” introduce the next person God talks about. "Những từ "" như cho "" giới thiệu người kế tiếp mà Đức Chúa Trời nói đến." +GEN 17 16 fpk7 0 I will give you a son by her “I will make her bear a son for you” """ Ta sẽ làm cho nàng sanh một con trai cho các ngươi """ +GEN 17 16 g1ax 0 she will become the mother of nations “she will be the ancestor of many nations” or “her descendants will become nations” """ Nàng sẽ là tổ phụ của nhiều dân tộc "" hoặc "" Con cháu nàng sẽ trở thành các dân tộc """ +GEN 17 16 tb49 0 Kings of peoples will come from her “Kings of peoples will descend from her” or “Some of her descendants will be kings of peoples” """ Các vua của muôn dân sẽ ra từ nó "" hoặc "" một số con cháu nó sẽ làm vua của muôn dân """ +GEN 17 17 cx58 0 said in his heart “thought to himself” or “said to himself silently” """ Tưởng đến chính mình "" hay "" tự nhủ thầm """ +GEN 17 17 s8rv figs-rquestion 0 Can a child be born to a man who is a hundred years old? Abraham used this rhetorical question because he did not believe that this could happen. Alternate translation: “Surely a man who is a hundred years old cannot father a child!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Áp-ra-ham sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này bởi vì ông không tin rằng điều này có thể xảy ra. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Người đàn ông trăm tuổi chắc chắn không thể làm cha của một đứa trẻ! """ +GEN 17 17 ewn1 figs-rquestion 0 How can Sarah, who is ninety years old, bear a son? Again Abraham used a rhetorical question because he did not believe this could happen. The phrase “who is ninety years old” tells why Abraham did not believe that Sarah could bear a son. Alternate translation: “Sarah is ninety years old. Could she bear a son?” or “Sarah is ninety years old. Surely she could not bear a son!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Một lần nữa, Áp-ra-ham dùng một câu hỏi tu từ vì ông không tin điều này có thể xảy ra. Nhóm từ "" ai đã chín mươi tuổi "" cho biết tại sao Áp-ra-ham không tin rằng Sa-ra có thể sinh một con trai. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Sa - ra đã chín mươi tuổi. Bà có thể sinh con trai không? "" . Hoặc "" Sa - ra đã chín mươi tuổi. Chắc chắn nàng không thể sanh con trai được! """ +GEN 17 18 bc1n 0 Oh that Ishmael might live before you “Please let Ishmael inherit the covenant that you have made with me” or “Perhaps Ishmael could receive your covenant blessing.” Abraham suggested something that he believed really could happen. """ Xin cho Ích-ma-ên hưởng giao ước cha đã lập với con "" hoặc "" Có lẽ Ích-ma-ên có thể nhận được phước hạnh giao ước của cha "" . Áp-ra-ham gợi ý điều gì đó mà ông tin thật sự có thể xảy ra." +GEN 17 19 q8lt 0 No, but Sarah your wife will bear God said this to correct Abraham’s belief that Sarah could not have a son. Đức Chúa Trời nói điều này để sửa lại niềm tin của Áp-ra-ham rằng Sa-ra không thể có con trai. +GEN 17 19 u9hq 0 you must name him The word “you” refers to Abraham. "Chữ "" ngươi "" ám chỉ đến Ápraham." +GEN 17 20 l6cf 0 As for Ishmael The words “As for” show that God is switching from talking about the baby that would be born to talking about Ishmael. "Những từ "" như về "" cho thấy rằng Đức Chúa Trời đang chuyển từ nói về đứa trẻ sẽ được sinh ra sang nói về Ích-ma-ên." +GEN 17 20 fvb5 0 Behold “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" Lắng nghe "" hoặc "" Chú ý đến những gì tôi sắp nói với bạn """ +GEN 17 20 e3g9 figs-idiom 0 will make him fruitful This is an idiom that means “will cause him to have many children.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là "" sẽ khiến ông có nhiều con "" ." +GEN 17 20 y6m2 0 will multiply him abundantly “I will cause him to have many descendants” """ Ta sẽ làm cho người có nhiều dòng - dõi """ +GEN 17 20 ga2d 0 princes “chiefs” or “rulers.” Ishmael’s twelve sons are different from the twelve sons of Jacob who were the fathers of the twelve tribes of Israel. """ Người đứng đầu "" hay "" người cai trị "" . Mười hai con trai của Ích-ma-ên khác với mười hai con trai của Gia-cốp là tổ phụ của mười hai chi phái Y-sơ-ra-ên." +GEN 17 21 rwv4 0 But my covenant I will establish with Isaac God returns to talking about his covenant with Abraham and emphasizes that he would fulfill his promise with Isaac, not with Ishmael. Đức Chúa Trời trở lại nói về giao ước của Ngài với Áp-ra-ham và nhấn mạnh rằng Ngài sẽ làm trọn lời hứa của Ngài với Y-sác, không phải với Ích-ma-ên. +GEN 17 22 m8vf 0 When he had finished talking with him “When God had finished talking with Abraham” """ Khi Đức Chúa Trời phán xong với Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 17 22 sw9y 0 God went up from Abraham “God left Abraham” """ Đức Chúa Trời lìa bỏ Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 17 23 nxp3 0 every male among the men of Abraham’s household “every human male in Abraham’s household” or “every male person in Abraham’s household.” It refers to human males of all ages: babies, boys, and men. """ Mọi người nam trong nhà Áp - ra - ham "" hoặc "" mọi người nam trong nhà Áp - ra - ham "" . Từ này ám chỉ mọi người nam ở mọi lứa tuổi: trẻ em, bé trai và đàn ông." +GEN 17 27 rgk6 0 including those born into the household and those bought with money from a foreigner “This includes those who were born in his household and those he had bought from foreigners” """ Trong đó có người sanh trong nhà Ngài, và kẻ Ngài đã mua nơi tay người ngoại - quốc """ +GEN 17 27 a2ym 0 those bought with money from a foreigner This refers to servants or slaves. Điều này nói đến đầy tớ hay nô lệ. +GEN 17 27 xq3b figs-activepassive 0 those bought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom he had bought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Những người mà Ngài đã mua """ +GEN 18 intro ky5w 0 # Genesis 18 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Three men
The three men who visited Abraham were probably angels. This is evident from Abraham’s reaction to them. Also, it appears Abraham knew that he was speaking directly to Yahweh through these men. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/angel]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Disbelief
When Sarah heard the news that she was going to have a baby, she laughed in disbelief because she was considered too old to have a baby. She also asked a rhetorical question in order to further show her disbelief. This would have been considered an insult to God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])

In his exchange with God, Abraham did not show any sign of unbelief. Instead, he is asking God for mercy because he trusted in the character of God. He does not question God’s power to accomplish things as Sarah had done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Sarah’s age

It should be apparent that Sarah was physically no longer able to have children because of her age. There is a natural period in a woman’s life when she stops being able to have children. The text assumes the reader understands that Sarah has already experienced this event. In English, this is called “menopause.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 18 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Ba người đàn ông +Ba người thăm viếng Áp-ra-ham có thể là những thiên sứ. Điều này được thấy rõ qua phản ứng của Áp-ra-ham đối với họ. Dường như Áp - ra - ham cũng biết rằng ông đang nói trực tiếp với Đức Giê - hô - va qua những người này. Không tin +Khi Sa-ra nghe tin mình sắp có con, bà đã cười trong sự không tin vì bà bị xem là quá già để có con. Bà cũng đưa ra một câu hỏi tu từ để cho thấy rõ hơn sự hoài nghi của mình. Điều này bị xem là xúc phạm đến Đức Chúa Trời. Trong sự trao đổi với Đức Chúa Trời, Áp-ra-ham không tỏ ra bất kỳ dấu hiệu nào của sự vô tín. Thay vào đó, ông cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời sự thương xót vì ông tin cậy nơi bản tính của Đức Chúa Trời. Ông không chất vấn quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời để hoàn thành những việc như Sa-ra đã làm. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác trong việc dịch thuật trong chương này +Tuổi tác của Sa-ra +Rõ ràng Sa - ra không thể có con vì tuổi tác của bà. Có một giai đoạn tự nhiên trong đời người phụ nữ khi bà không thể có con nữa. Văn bản này giả định người đọc hiểu rằng Sa - ra đã trải qua sự kiện này. Trong tiếng Anh, điều này được gọi là "" Mãn kinh. """ +GEN 18 1 a3at 0 Mamre This was the name of the man who owned the oak trees. Đó là tên của người chủ cây sồi. +GEN 18 1 ra4w 0 in the tent doorway “at the opening of the tent” or “at the entrance of the tent” """ Tại cửa trại "" hoặc "" tại cửa trại """ +GEN 18 1 u27f 0 heat of the day “hottest time of day” """ Thời điểm nóng nhất trong ngày """ +GEN 18 2 t35m 0 He looked up and, behold, he saw three men standing “He looked up and saw, and behold, three men were standing” """ Người ngước mắt lên, thấy có ba người đứng đó """ +GEN 18 2 m2pv 0 behold, he saw “he was surprised because he saw” """ Ngài ngạc nhiên vì thấy """ +GEN 18 2 xd3c 0 across from him “nearby” or “there.” They were near him, but far enough away for him to run to them. """ Gần đó "" hay "" đằng kia "" . Họ ở gần anh, nhưng đủ xa để anh có thể chạy đến với họ." +GEN 18 2 ygs8 0 bowed This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. Điều này có nghĩa là cúi xuống khiêm nhường bày tỏ lòng tôn kính đối với một người nào đó. +GEN 18 3 cj7j 0 Lord This is a title of respect. Possible meanings are (1) Abraham knew that one of these men was God or (2) Abraham knew that these men came on behalf of God. Đây là danh hiệu của sự tôn trọng. Có thể có nghĩa là ( 1 ) Áp - ra - ham biết một trong những người này là Đức Chúa Trời hoặc ( 2 ) Áp - ra - ham biết những người này đến thay mặt Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 18 3 s5jg figs-idiom 0 if I have found favor in your sight Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that the Lord is pleased with him, and “your sight” is a metaphor representing the Lord’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “if you have evaluated me and approve” or “if you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây, "" tìm được ân huệ "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được chấp thuận hoặc được Chúa đẹp lòng, và "" mắt ngươi "" là một ẩn dụ đại diện cho sự đánh giá của Chúa. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Nếu các ngươi đã đánh giá Ta và chấp thuận "" hoặc "" Nếu các ngươi đẹp lòng với Ta """ +GEN 18 3 i86z figs-you 0 in your sight Abraham is speaking to one of the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) Áp-ra-ham đang nói với một trong hai người. +GEN 18 3 ie2s 0 do not pass by “please do not keep on going past” """ Xin chớ bỏ qua luôn """ +GEN 18 3 s6nr 0 your servant “me.” Abraham refers to himself this way in order to show respect to his guest. """ Tôi. "" +Áp - ra - ham nói về mình như thế để tỏ lòng tôn trọng khách của ông." +GEN 18 4 cs93 figs-activepassive 0 Let a little water be brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let me bring you some water” or “My servant will bring you some water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Có thể dịch là: "" Hãy để tôi đem cho bạn ít nước "" hoặc "" Tôi tớ của tôi sẽ đem cho bạn ít nước """ +GEN 18 4 r83u 0 a little water “some water.” Saying “little” was a polite way of showing generosity. Abraham would give them more than enough water. """ Một chút nước. "" +Nói "" một chút "" là một cách lịch sự để thể hiện sự hào phóng. Áp - ra - ham sẽ cho họ dư nước." +GEN 18 4 c7uk 0 wash your feet This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long distances. Phong tục này giúp những lữ khách mệt mỏi lấy lại sức sau khi đi bộ đường dài. +GEN 18 5 p5cn 0 a little food “some food.” Saying “little” was a polite way of showing generosity. Abraham would give them more than enough food. """ Một ít thức ăn. "" +Nói "" bé "" là một cách lịch sự để thể hiện sự hào phóng. Áp - ra - ham sẽ cho họ nhiều lương thực hơn." +GEN 18 5 rmc5 figs-you 0 your…you Abraham speaks to all three of the men, so “you” and “your” are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Áp-ra-ham nói với cả ba người, vì vậy "" ngươi "" và "" của ngươi "" là số nhiều." +GEN 18 6 gl4c translate-bvolume 0 three seahs about 22 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) Khoảng 22 lít +GEN 18 6 sbt6 0 bread This bread was probably cooked quickly on a hot stone. It may have been flat or round like small loaves or rolls. Bánh mì này có lẽ được nấu rất nhanh trên một hòn đá nóng. Có thể nó phẳng hoặc tròn như ổ bánh mì nhỏ hoặc ổ bánh mì tròn. +GEN 18 7 s4v8 0 he hurried “the servant hurried” """ Người đầy tớ vội vàng """ +GEN 18 7 hp5s 0 to prepare it “to cut it up and roast it” """ Để cắt nó lên và nướng nó """ +GEN 18 8 k6lz 0 curds This refers to the solid part of fermented milk. It may have been yogurt or cheese. Điều này ám chỉ phần đặc của sữa lên men. Đó có thể là sữa chua hoặc phô mai. +GEN 18 8 c4vs 0 the calf that had been prepared “the roasted calf” """ Bò con quay """ +GEN 18 8 pp29 0 before them “before the three visitors” """ Trước mặt ba người khách """ +GEN 18 9 eq6d 0 They said to him “Then they said to Abraham” """ Rồi họ nói với Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 18 10 gg9j 0 He said, “I will certainly return to you The word “He” refers to the man whom Abraham called “Lord” in [Genesis 18:3](../18/03.md). "Chữ "" Ngài "" ám chỉ đến người mà Ápraham gọi là "" Chúa "" trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 18: 3 ] ." +GEN 18 10 iwn6 0 in the springtime “when this same season comes next year” or “about this time next year” """ When this same season comes next year "" or "" about this time next year """ +GEN 18 10 aas2 0 see The word “see” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" thấy "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 18 10 qvh9 0 in the tent doorway “at the opening of the tent” or “at the entrance of the tent” """ Tại cửa trại "" hoặc "" tại cửa trại """ +GEN 18 12 u12x figs-rquestion 0 After I am worn-out and my master is old, will I now have this pleasure? You may want to add “of having a baby.” Sarah used this rhetorical question because she did not believe that she could have a child. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe that I will experience the joy of having a child. My master is also too old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Bạn có thể thêm vào cụm từ "" có em bé "" . Sa - ra đã dùng câu hỏi tu từ này vì bà không tin rằng mình có thể có con. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Tôi không thể tin rằng mình sẽ cảm nghiệm được niềm vui khi có con. Chủ tôi cũng đã quá già """ +GEN 18 12 m2nn 0 my master is old This means “since my husband is also old.” "Điều này có nghĩa là "" vì chồng tôi cũng đã già "" ." +GEN 18 12 qrv3 0 my master This is a title of respect that Sarah gave to her husband Abraham. Đây là một tước hiệu tôn trọng mà Sa-ra đã dành cho chồng mình là Áp-ra-ham. +GEN 18 13 dfs6 figs-rquestion 0 Why did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really bear a child, when I am old’? God used this rhetorical question to show that he knew what Sarah was thinking and that he was not pleased with it. He repeats Sarah’s rhetorical question ([Genesis 18:12](../18/12.md)) using different words. Alternate translation: “Sarah was wrong to laugh and say, ‘I will not bear a child because I am too old!’”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Đức Chúa Trời dùng câu hỏi tu từ này để cho thấy rằng Ngài biết điều Sa-ra đang nghĩ và Ngài không hài lòng với điều đó. Ngài dùng những từ khác nhau để lặp lại câu hỏi tu từ của Sa - ra ( [ Sáng - thế Ký 18: 12 ] ) . Một bản dịch khác: "" Sa - ra đã sai lầm khi cười và nói: ' Tôi sẽ không sinh con vì tôi đã quá già! ' +""" +GEN 18 14 i13f figs-123person 0 Is anything too hard for Yahweh? “Is there anything that Yahweh cannot do?” Yahweh speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else to remind Abraham that he, Yahweh, is great and can do anything. Alternate translation: “There is nothing that I, Yahweh, cannot do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) """ Có việc gì mà Đức Giê-hô-va không làm được chăng? "" +Đức Giê-hô-va nói về chính Ngài như thể Ngài đang nói về một ai khác để nhắc nhở Áp-ra-ham rằng Ngài, Đức Giê-hô-va, là vĩ đại và có thể làm bất cứ điều gì. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Không có việc gì mà ta, là Ðức Giê hô va, không làm được! """ +GEN 18 14 rd96 0 At the time appointed by me, in the spring “At the time I have appointed, which is in the spring” """ Vào giờ ta đã định, tức là vào mùa xuân """ +GEN 18 15 fc88 0 Then Sarah denied it and said “The Sarah denied it by saying” """ Sa - ra chối đi """ +GEN 18 15 c49f 0 He replied “Yahweh replied” """ Đức Giê-hô-va đáp """ +GEN 18 15 pq5b 0 No, you did laugh "“Yes, you did laugh.” This means “No, that is not true; you did in fact laugh.”" """ Phải, anh đã cười. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là "" không, đó không phải là sự thật, bạn đã thực sự cười. """ +GEN 18 16 mtk2 0 to see them on their way “to send them on their way” or “to say ‘Farewell’ to them.” It was polite to go some distance with guests as they were leaving. """ Để tiễn họ lên đường "" hay "" để nói tạm biệt với họ. "" +Đi xa với khách khứa khi họ ra về là phép lịch sự." +GEN 18 17 z943 figs-rquestion 0 Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do God used this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. Alternate translation: “I should not and will not hide from Abraham what I am about to do” or “I should and will tell Abraham what I am about to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "God used this Rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi không nên và sẽ không giấu Áp - ra - ham điều tôi sắp làm "" hoặc "" Tôi nên và sẽ nói với Áp - ra - ham điều tôi sắp làm "" ." +GEN 18 18 e6qk figs-rquestion 0 The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Should I hide” in verse 17 ends here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi tu từ bắt đầu với từ "" có nên núp chăng "" trong câu 17 kết thúc ở đây." +GEN 18 18 h854 figs-rquestion 0 since Abraham…in him? The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Should I hide” in verse 17 ends here. God uses this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. “I should not and will not hide…since Abraham in him.” or “I should and will tell…since Abraham in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi tu từ bắt đầu với từ "" có nên núp chăng "" trong câu 17 kết thúc ở đây. God uses this Rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important and that it was best for him to do so. "" I should not and will not hide … Since Abraham in him. "" +Or "" I should and will tell … Since Abraham in him """ +GEN 18 18 q36h 0 since…him? “This is because…him” """ Đó là bởi vì … hắn … """ +GEN 18 18 e9uw figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed in him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the nations of the earth through Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ ban phước cho mọi dân tộc trên đất qua Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 18 18 i8b1 0 will be blessed in him “will be blessed because of Abraham” or “will be blessed because I have blessed Abraham.” For translating “in him” see how you translated “through you” in [Genesis 12:3](../12/03.md). """ Sẽ được phước vì cớ Áp-ra-ham "" hoặc "" Sẽ được phước vì đã chúc phước cho Áp-ra-ham "" . Vì đã dịch "" trong Ngài "" xem cách bạn dịch "" qua Ngài "" trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 12: 3 ] ." +GEN 18 19 pxl9 0 that he may instruct “that he will direct” or “so that he will command” """ Ngài sẽ chỉ huy "" hoặc "" Ngài sẽ ra lệnh """ +GEN 18 19 cwm4 figs-123person 0 to keep the way of Yahweh…Yahweh may bring…he has said Yahweh is speaking about himself as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “to obey what I, Yahweh, require…I, Yahweh, may bring…I have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Đức Giê-hô-va đang phán về chính Ngài như thể Ngài là một Thân Vị khác. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Để vâng theo những gì Ta, Đức Giê-hô-va, đòi hỏi … Ta, Đức Giê-hô-va, có thể đem … Ta đã phán """ +GEN 18 19 ny3x 0 to keep the way of Yahweh “to obey the commands of Yahweh” """ Để vâng theo các mạng lệnh của Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 18 19 f8f7 0 to do righteousness and justice “by doing righteousness and justice.” This tells how to keep the way of Yahweh. """ Bằng cách làm điều công bình và ngay thẳng. "" +Điều này cho biết cách giữ đường lối của Đức Giê-hô-va." +GEN 18 19 v4z4 0 so that Yahweh may bring upon Abraham what he has said to him “so that Yahweh may bless Abraham just as he said he would.” This refers to the covenant promise to bless Abraham and make him a great nation. hầu cho Ðức Giê hô va ban phước cho Áp ra ham y như lời Ngài đã phán. Điều này đề cập đến lời hứa giao ước ban phước cho Áp-ra-ham và khiến ông trở thành một dân tộc lớn. +GEN 18 20 m237 figs-abstractnouns 0 the outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is so great This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “outcry” is expressed as the verb “accuse.” Alternate translation: “so many people have been accusing the people of Sodom and Gomorrah of doing evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Điều này có thể được viết lại để danh từ trừu tượng "" phản đối "" được diễn tả thành động từ "" cáo buộc "" . Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Có quá nhiều người đã tố cáo dân thành Sô - đôm và Gô - mô - rơ về những việc làm gian ác """ +GEN 18 20 jp1b 0 their sin is so serious “they have sinned so much” """ Họ đã phạm tội rất nhiều """ +GEN 18 21 fb8x 0 I will now go down there “I will now go down to Sodom and Gomorrah” """ Bây giờ ta sẽ xuống Sô - đôm và Gô - mô - rơ """ +GEN 18 21 lki8 0 go down there and see “go down there to find out” or “go down there to decide” """ Đi xuống đó để tìm hiểu "" hay "" đi xuống đó để quyết định """ +GEN 18 21 vp7m figs-abstractnouns 0 see the outcry…that has come to me Yahweh speaks as if he knew about this matter because he had heard the cries and accusations coming from the people who had suffered. This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “outcry” is expressed as the verb “accuse.” Alternate translation: “as wicked as those who are accusing them say that they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Đức Giê-hô-va phán như thể Ngài biết về vấn đề này bởi vì Ngài đã nghe những tiếng kêu la và cáo buộc từ những người đã chịu khổ. Điều này có thể được viết lại để danh từ trừu tượng "" kêu la "" được diễn tả thành động từ "" cáo buộc "" . Bản dịch thay thế: "" Kẻ ác giống như những kẻ đang tố cáo họ nói rằng họ là """ +GEN 18 21 vp4d 0 If not “If they are not as wicked as the outcry suggests” """ Nếu họ không hung ác như tiếng kêu la """ +GEN 18 22 ms2h 0 turned from there “went out from Abraham’s camp” """ Ra từ trại của Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 18 22 yxr6 0 Abraham remained standing before Yahweh “Abraham and Yahweh remained together” """ Áp ra ham và Ðức Giê hô va ở cùng nhau """ +GEN 18 23 b62y 0 approached and said “approached Yahweh and said” or “stepped closer to Yahweh and said” Lại gần Ðức Giê hô va mà nói rằng: Hãy lại gần Ðức Giê hô va mà nói: +GEN 18 23 g5he figs-metaphor 0 sweep away Abraham speaks of destroying people as if it were sweeping dirt with a broom. Alternate translation: “destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ápraham nói tới việc hủy diệt con người như thể đang quét bụi đất bằng chổi vậy. Một bản khác dịch là "" hủy diệt """ +GEN 18 23 awu4 0 the righteous with the wicked “the righteous people with the wicked people” """ Người công - bình với kẻ gian - ác """ +GEN 18 24 pb7k 0 General Information: Abraham continues talking to Yahweh. Áp-ra-ham tiếp tục thưa chuyện với Đức Giê-hô-va. +GEN 18 24 h4eu 0 Perhaps there are “Suppose there are” """ Giả sử có """ +GEN 18 24 dz9j figs-rquestion 0 Will you sweep it away and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there? Abraham was hoping that Yahweh would say, “I will not sweep it away.” Alternate translation: “I think you would not sweep it away. Instead, you would spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Áp ra ham trông đợi Ðức Giê hô va sẽ phán rằng: Ta sẽ chẳng quét sạch nó đâu. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Ta nghĩ ngươi sẽ chẳng quét sạch được nó đâu. Thay vào đó, ngươi sẽ chừa lại nơi này vì cớ năm mươi người công bình đang có mặt ở đó "" ." +GEN 18 24 h8ks figs-metaphor 0 sweep it away “destroy it.” Abraham speaks of destroying people as if it were sweeping dirt with a broom. Alternate translation: “destroy the people who live there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) """ Hủy nó đi. "" +Abraham nói về việc tiêu diệt con người như thể nó đang quét đất bằng chổi. Một bản khác dịch là "" Hãy hủy diệt những người sống ở đó """ +GEN 18 24 qq2a 0 not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there? Abraham was hoping that God would say “I will spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people there.” "Áp-ra-ham hy vọng rằng Đức Chúa Trời sẽ phán: "" Ta vì cớ năm mươi người công bình kia mà chừa chỗ nầy lại "" ." +GEN 18 24 d8ui 0 spare the place “let the people live” """ Hãy cho dân ta sống """ +GEN 18 24 zj59 0 for the sake of “because of” """ Bởi vì … """ +GEN 18 25 rj5a figs-idiom 0 Far be it from you to do such a thing Here “Far be it from you” is an idiom that means the person should never do something like that. Alternate translation: “I would never want you to do something like that” or “You should not want to do something like that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Chẳng hề như vậy "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là người đó không bao giờ nên làm một việc như thế. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Tôi không bao giờ muốn bạn làm một việc như thế "" hoặc "" Bạn không nên muốn làm một việc như thế """ +GEN 18 25 re6w 0 such a thing, killing “such a thing as killing” or “such a thing, that is, killing” """ Một việc như giết người "" hay "" một việc như thế, nghĩa là, giết người """ +GEN 18 25 hqx8 figs-activepassive 0 the righteous should be treated the same as the wicked This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “you should treat the righteous the same way you treat the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được nêu trong hoạt động từ. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Anh em phải đối xử với người công bình như đối xử với kẻ ác """ +GEN 18 25 m329 figs-rquestion 0 Will not the Judge of all the earth do what is just? Abraham used this rhetorical question to say what he expected God to do. Alternate translation: “The Judge of all the earth will certainly do what is just!” or “Since you are the Judge of all the earth, you will surely do what is right!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Abraham used this Rhetorical question to say what he expected God to do. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đấng đoán xét toàn thế gian sẽ làm điều công chính! "" . hoặc "" Vì Ngài là Đấng đoán xét toàn thế gian, chắc chắn Ngài sẽ làm điều công bình! """ +GEN 18 25 de6w 0 Judge God is often referred to as a judge because he is the one perfect judge who makes the final decisions about what is right or wrong. Đức Chúa Trời thường được gọi là Quan Án bởi vì Ngài là Quan Án hoàn hảo, là Đấng đưa ra những quyết định cuối cùng về điều đúng hoặc sai. +GEN 18 27 dsz4 0 Look The phrase “Look” here draws attention to the surprising information that follows. "Cụm từ "" nhìn "" ở đây thu hút sự chú ý đến thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên sau đó." +GEN 18 27 fax5 0 I have undertaken to speak “Pardon me for being so bold as to speak to you” or “Excuse me for daring to speak” """ Hãy tha thứ cho tôi vì đã dám nói chuyện với anh "" hay "" Tha thứ cho tôi vì đã dám nói chuyện """ +GEN 18 27 snd3 figs-123person 0 to my Lord Abraham shows his respect to Yahweh by speaking to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else. Alternate translation: “to you, my Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Áp ra ham tỏ lòng tôn kính Ðức Giê hô va bằng cách nói với Ðức Giê hô va như nói với người khác. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Kính lạy Chúa """ +GEN 18 27 ew9k figs-metaphor 0 only dust and ashes This metaphor describes Abraham as a human being, who will die and whose body will turn into to dust and ashes. Alternate translation: “only a mortal man” or “as unimportant as dust and ashes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ẩn dụ này mô tả Áp-ra-ham là một con người, là người sẽ chết và thân thể sẽ trở thành tro bụi. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Chỉ một người phàm "" hoặc "" Không quan trọng như bụi và tro "" ." +GEN 18 28 ln28 0 five less than fifty righteous “only forty-five righteous people” """ Chỉ có bốn mươi lăm người công bình """ +GEN 18 28 zqs7 0 for lack of five “if there are five fewer righteous people” """ Nếu số người công bình ít hơn năm người """ +GEN 18 28 n8tk 0 I will not destroy it “I will not destroy Sodom” """ Ta sẽ không hủy diệt thành Sô - đôm """ +GEN 18 29 uj4n 0 He spoke to him “Abraham spoke to Yahweh” """ Áp ra ham thưa cùng Ðức Giê hô va """ +GEN 18 29 hah3 figs-activepassive 0 if there are forty found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “if you find forty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch dưới dạng chủ động. Có lẽ bạn phải điền vào cụm từ "" người công - bình "" . Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Nếu bạn tìm thấy bốn mươi người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 29 y28t figs-ellipsis 0 for the forty’s sake “for the sake of the forty” or “if I find forty there.” You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “for the sake of the forty righteous people” or “if I find forty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) """ Vì bốn mươi người "" hay "" nếu tôi tìm thấy bốn mươi người ở đó "" . Bạn có thể phải điền vào cụm từ "" người công bình "" . Cách dịch thay thế: "" Vì cớ bốn mươi người công bình "" hoặc "" Nếu tôi tìm thấy bốn mươi người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 29 nup9 0 He replied “Yahweh answered” """ Đức Giê-hô-va đáp lời """ +GEN 18 29 tyh3 0 I will not do it for the forty’s sake “I will not destroy the cities if I find forty righteous people there” """ Ta sẽ không hủy diệt các thành nếu ta tìm thấy bốn mươi người công bình tại đó """ +GEN 18 30 vk5m figs-activepassive 0 thirty will be found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “you will find thirty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch dưới dạng chủ động. Có lẽ bạn phải điền vào cụm từ "" người công - bình "" . Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Bạn sẽ tìm thấy ba mươi người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 31 kep9 0 Look The phrase “Look” here draws attention to the surprising information that follows. "Cụm từ "" nhìn "" ở đây thu hút sự chú ý đến thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên sau đó." +GEN 18 31 e1em 0 I have undertaken to speak “Pardon me for being so bold as to speak to you” or “Excuse me for daring to speak.” See how this is translated in [Genesis 18:27](../18/27.md). """ Xin lỗi vì đã đường đột nói chuyện với ông "" hay "" Xin lỗi vì đã mạo muội nói chuyện với ông. "" +Hãy xem Sáng - thế Ký 18: 27 dịch câu này như thế nào." +GEN 18 31 un9p figs-activepassive 0 twenty will be found there This can be translated in active form. You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “you will find twenty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch dưới dạng chủ động. Có lẽ bạn phải điền vào cụm từ "" người công - bình "" . Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Bạn sẽ tìm thấy hai mươi người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 31 s4zn figs-ellipsis 0 for the twenty’s sake “for the sake of the twenty” or “if I find twenty there.” You may have to fill in the ellipsis, “righteous people.” Alternate translation: “for the sake of the twenty righteous people” or “if I find twenty righteous people there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) """ Vì hai mươi đô la "" hay "" nếu tôi tìm thấy hai mươi đô la ở đó "" . Bạn có thể phải điền vào cụm từ, "" những người công chính. "" +Dịch thay thế: "" Vì hai mươi người công bình "" hoặc "" Nếu tôi tìm thấy hai mươi người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 32 a6tx 0 Perhaps ten will be found there “Perhaps you will find ten righteous people there” """ Có lẽ các ngươi sẽ tìm được mười người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 32 q1p9 0 Perhaps ten “Perhaps ten righteous people” or “ten good people” """ Có lẽ mười người công bình "" hoặc "" mười người tốt """ +GEN 18 32 ak2y 0 Then he said “And Yahweh answered” """ Và Đức Giê-hô-va đã trả lời """ +GEN 18 32 d335 0 for the ten’s sake “if I find ten righteous people there” """ Nếu tôi tìm được mười người công bình ở đó """ +GEN 18 33 wum8 figs-idiom 0 Yahweh went on his way Here “went on his way” is an idiom that means he left, or he continued his journey. Yahweh appeared to Abraham in human form as a traveler. Alternate translation: “Yahweh departed” or “Yahweh continued on his journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Tại đây "" đã đi đường Ngài "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Ngài đã ra đi, hay Ngài đã tiếp tục cuộc hành trình của mình. Đức Giê-hô-va hiện ra với Áp-ra-ham trong hình dạng con người như một lữ khách. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đi "" hoặc "" Đức Giê-hô-va tiếp tục cuộc hành trình của Ngài """ +GEN 19 intro hb2x 0 # Genesis 19 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### The evil desires of the Sodomites
The men of Sodom desired to forcibly have sexual relations with the angels who came to the city appearing as men. Such action is known as “rape.” Their desire was viewed as especially evil because Lot was obligated to protect his guests at all costs, even that of sacrificing his own children for his guests. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])

### Hospitality
Hospitality, or being kind to a visitor, was very important in the Ancient Near East. Lot showed his guests loyalty by doing his utmost to protect them from the people of Sodom.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Contrasts
It is probable that Abraham’s faith and actions in chapter 18 are intended to contrast with the actions of the worldly Sodomites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]]) "Sáng thế ký 19 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Những khao khát xấu xa của người Sô-đôm +Những người đàn ông thành Sô-đôm khao khát có quan hệ tính dục mạnh mẽ với các thiên sứ đến thành phố, là những người xuất hiện như những người đàn ông. Hành động như thế được gọi là "" cưỡng hiếp "" . Ước muốn của họ bị xem là đặc biệt gian ác vì lót buộc phải bảo vệ khách bằng mọi giá, ngay cả phải hy sinh chính con mình cho khách. Hiếu khách +Lòng hiếu khách, hay tử tế với khách, rất quan trọng trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại. Lót bày tỏ lòng trung thành với khách bằng cách cố gắng hết sức bảo vệ họ khỏi dân thành Sô - đôm. Những cách nói quan trọng trong đoạn này +Những cách nói quan trọng trong chương này +Có thể đức tin và hành động của Áp-ra-ham trong chương 18 được định để tương phản với những hành động của những người Sô-đôm thế gian." +GEN 19 1 uh7h 0 The two angels The two men who have gone to Sodom ([Genesis 18:22](../18/22.md)) are really angels. Hai người nam đã đến Sôđôm ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 18: 22 ] ) thực sự là các thiên sứ. +GEN 19 1 b4sb 0 the gate of Sodom “the entrance to the city of Sodom.” The city had a wall around it, and people had to go through a gate to get into it. This was a very important place in a city. Important people often spent time there. """ Lối vào thành Sô - đôm "" . Thành này có tường bao quanh, và người ta phải đi qua một cửa để vào đó. Đây là một nơi rất quan trọng trong một thành phố. Những người quan trọng thường dành thời gian ở đó." +GEN 19 1 ny92 0 bowed down with his face to the ground He put his knees on the ground then touched his forehead and nose to the ground. Nó chống đầu gối xuống đất rồi chạm trán và mũi xuống đất. +GEN 19 2 t9qp 0 my masters This was a term of respect Lot used for the angels. Đây là một thuật ngữ tôn kính Lót được sử dụng cho các thiên sứ. +GEN 19 2 egr4 0 I urge you to turn aside into your servant’s house “Please come and stay in your servant’s house” """ Xin hãy đến ở nhà kẻ tôi tớ Chúa """ +GEN 19 2 w78p figs-123person 0 your servant’s house Lot refers to himself as their servant in order to show them respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) Lót tự nhận mình là đầy tớ của họ để tỏ lòng kính trọng họ. +GEN 19 2 sp4m 0 wash your feet People liked to wash their feet after traveling. Mọi người thích rửa chân sau khi đi du lịch. +GEN 19 2 sb2f 0 rise up early “wake up early” """ Dậy sớm """ +GEN 19 2 a65m figs-exclusive 0 we will spend the night When the two angels said this, they were referring only to themselves, not to Lot. The two of them planned to spend the night in the square. Some languages would use the exclusive form of “we” here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Khi hai thiên sứ nói điều này, họ chỉ đang nói đến chính họ, không phải đến Lót. Hai người dự định qua đêm tại quảng trường. Một số ngôn ngữ dùng dạng độc quyền của từ "" chúng ta "" ở đây." +GEN 19 2 r62b 0 town square This is a public, outdoor place in the town. Đây là một nơi công cộng, ngoài trời trong thị trấn. +GEN 19 3 vnk8 0 they went with him “they turned and went with him” """ Họ bèn trở lại và đi với Ngài """ +GEN 19 4 lc42 0 before they lay down “before the people in Lot’s house lay down to go to sleep” """ Trước khi người nhà lót ngủ """ +GEN 19 4 iw1t 0 the men of the city, the men of Sodom “the men of the city, that is, the men of Sodom” or just “the men of the city of Sodom” """ Dân thành Sô - đôm "" hay chỉ "" dân thành Sô - đôm """ +GEN 19 4 gyq4 0 the house “Lot’s house” """ Nhà Lót """ +GEN 19 4 vqe5 0 both young and old “from the youngest to the oldest.” This means “men of all ages” and refers to the men of Sodom who were surrounding Lot’s house. """ Từ người trẻ nhất đến người già nhất. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là "" những người nam ở mọi lứa tuổi "" và chỉ về những người nam ở Sô-đôm là những người đã bao quanh nhà của Lót." +GEN 19 5 cu4h 0 that came in to you “that went into your house” """ Điều đó đã vào nhà ngươi """ +GEN 19 5 jfu1 figs-euphemism 0 we may know them These words literally mean “we may know who they are,” but the men meant them as a euphemism for “we may have sexual relations with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Những từ này có nghĩa đen là "" chúng tôi có thể biết họ là ai "" , nhưng những người đàn ông có nghĩa là họ như một uyển ngữ cho "" chúng tôi có thể có quan hệ tình dục với họ """ +GEN 19 6 k84s 0 after himself “behind him” or “after he went through” """ Phía sau ngài "" hoặc "" Sau khi ngài đã đi qua """ +GEN 19 7 tg28 0 I beg you, my brothers “I plead with you, my brothers” """ Hỡi anh em, tôi nài xin anh em """ +GEN 19 7 s55m figs-idiom 0 my brothers Lot spoke in a friendly way to the men of the city hoping that they would listen to him. Alternate translation: “my friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Lót nói với người trong thành một cách thân thiện với hy vọng rằng họ sẽ lắng nghe ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các bạn tôi """ +GEN 19 7 ur1w 0 do not act so wickedly “do not do something so wicked” or “do not do such a wicked thing” """ Đừng làm điều ác "" hoặc "" Đừng làm điều ác """ +GEN 19 8 bc5c 0 Look “Pay attention” or “Look here” """ Chú ý "" hay "" nhìn đây """ +GEN 19 8 pb1n figs-euphemism 0 who have not known any man This is a polite way of saying that the daughters had not had sexual relations with any man. You may need to use another euphemism in your language. See how you translated similar words in [Genesis 4:1](../04/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là một cách lịch sự để nói rằng các cô con gái không có quan hệ tình dục với bất kỳ người đàn ông nào. Có lẽ bạn cần dùng một uyển ngữ khác trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những lời tương tự trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 4: 1 ] . +GEN 19 8 jn4w 0 whatever is good in your eyes “whatever you desire” or “whatever you think is right” """ Bất cứ điều gì bạn mong muốn "" hay "" bất cứ điều gì bạn nghĩ là đúng """ +GEN 19 8 nig7 figs-synecdoche 0 under the shadow of my roof The two men were guests in Lot’s home, so he needed to protect them. The word “roof” is a synecdoche for the whole house and a metaphor for Lot protecting them. Alternate translation: “into my house, and God expects me to protect them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Hai người này là khách trong nhà của Lót, nên ông cần bảo vệ họ. Từ "" mái nhà "" là một phép hoán dụ cho cả ngôi nhà và là một ẩn dụ cho việc lót bảo vệ họ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Vào nhà tôi, và Đức Chúa Trời mong tôi bảo vệ họ """ +GEN 19 9 k7mf 0 Stand back! “Step aside!” or “Get out of our way!” """ Tránh ra! "" +hay "" Tránh ra! """ +GEN 19 9 sgx9 0 This one came here to live as a foreigner “This one came here as an outsider” or “This foreigner came to live here” """ Người nầy đến đây như một người ngoài "" hay "" người ngoại quốc nầy đến sống ở đây """ +GEN 19 9 ym7y 0 This one “Lot.” The men are speaking to each other. If this would be unclear in your language, you may have the men speak to Lot here, as in UST. """ Rất nhiều. "" +Hai người đàn ông đang nói chuyện với nhau. Nếu bạn không hiểu rõ điều này, bạn có thể nhờ những người đàn ông nói chuyện với Lot ở đây, như trong Ust." +GEN 19 9 c9uq figs-idiom 0 and now The speaker would not expect a foreigner to judge the people of that land. Alternate translation: “but even though he has no good reason to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Diễn giả sẽ không mong đợi một người ngoại bang xét đoán dân của xứ đó. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nhưng dù người ấy không có lý do chính đáng nào để xét đoán """ +GEN 19 9 sa6c figs-idiom 0 he has become our judge Here “has become our judge” is an idiom that means Lot is acting as if he can tell the men what actions are right or wrong. Alternate translation: “he acts as if he has the authority to tell us what is right and what is wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" đã trở thành quan án của chúng ta "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Lót đang hành động như thể ông có thể cho người nam biết hành động nào là đúng hay sai. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Ông hành động như thể ông có quyền bảo chúng ta điều gì là đúng và điều gì là sai """ +GEN 19 9 x79u 0 Now we “Because you are telling us that what we are doing is wrong, we” """ Vì các ngươi nói rằng điều chúng ta đang làm là sai, chúng ta """ +GEN 19 9 xi8x figs-idiom 0 we will deal worse with you than with them The men are angry that Lot said, “Do not act so wickedly” ([Genesis 19:7](../19/07.md)), so they are threatening to act more wickedly than Lot had feared at first. Alternate translation: “we will act more wickedly with you than we will with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Những người này tức giận vì Lót nói: "" Đừng làm điều ác "" ( [ Sáng - thế Ký 19: 7 ] ) . Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Chúng tôi sẽ làm ác với ông hơn là với họ """ +GEN 19 9 gdw3 0 They pressed hard against the man, against Lot, and came near to break down the door Possible meanings are (1) “They kept coming closer to the man, to Lot, until they were close enough to break down the door” or (2) they physically pushed Lot up against the wall or door of the house and were about to break the door down. "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" Chúng nó càng đến gần người nam, cùng Lót, cho đến chừng nào người nam đến gần đặng phá cửa "" hoặc ( 2 ) chúng đẩy Lót dựa vào tường hoặc cửa nhà và sắp sửa phá cửa." +GEN 19 9 q8f7 0 the man…Lot This is two ways of referring to Lot. Đây là hai cách đề cập đến Lót. +GEN 19 10 u4re 0 But the men “But Lot’s two guests” or “But the two angels” """ Nhưng Lót được hai khách "" hay "" nhưng hai thiên sứ """ +GEN 19 10 ri1g figs-explicit 0 the men reached out their hands and brought…them and shut Your language may need to add that the men opened the door first. Alternate translation: ‘the men opened the door far enough so they could reach out their hands and pull…them, and then they shut” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể cần phải nói thêm rằng những người đàn ông đã mở cửa trước. Một bản dịch khác: ' Những người đàn ông mở cửa đủ rộng để họ có thể đưa tay ra và kéo... họ, và rồi họ đóng lại ' +GEN 19 11 urq7 figs-metaphor 0 Lot’s visitors struck with blindness the men "The phrase “struck with blindness” is a metaphor; the visitors did not physically hit the men. Alternate translation: “Lot’s visitors blinded the men” or “they took away their sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])" "Nhóm từ "" bị đui mù "" là một ẩn dụ; khách viếng thăm không đánh họ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khách viếng thăm Lót đã làm mù mắt họ "" hoặc "" Họ làm mù mắt họ """ +GEN 19 11 kg3g figs-merism 0 both young and old “men of all ages.” This merism emphasizes that the visitors blinded all the men. This could indicate social standing rather than age. Alternate translation: “both small and great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) """ Đàn ông đủ mọi lứa tuổi. "" +Chủ nghĩa cá nhân này nhấn mạnh rằng những vị khách đã làm mù mắt tất cả mọi người. Điều này có thể ám chỉ địa vị xã hội thay vì tuổi tác. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vừa nhỏ vừa lớn """ +GEN 19 12 zat4 0 Then the men said “Then the two men said” or “Then the angels said” """ Rồi hai người nam nói "" hoặc "" rồi các thiên sứ nói """ +GEN 19 12 pl2x 0 Do you have anyone else here? “Are there any other members of your family in the city?” or “Do you have any other family members in this place?” """ Trong thành phố còn ai khác trong gia đình cô không? "" +hoặc "" Bạn có thành viên nào khác trong gia đình ở nơi này không? """ +GEN 19 12 k1l8 0 whoever you have in the city “any other members of your family living in this city” """ Bất kỳ thành viên gia đình nào khác đang sống trong thành phố này """ +GEN 19 13 zq54 figs-exclusive 0 we are about to destroy "The word “we” here is exclusive. Only the two angels would destroy the city; Lot would not destroy it. If your language has an exclusive form of “we,” use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])" "Chữ "" chúng ta "" ở đây là độc quyền. Chỉ có hai thiên sứ sẽ hủy diệt thành, nhưng Lót sẽ không hủy diệt nó. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có dạng độc nhất của từ "" chúng ta "" , hãy dùng nó ở đây." +GEN 19 13 q8rc figs-abstractnouns 0 the accusations against it before Yahweh have become so loud This can be reworded so that the abstract noun “accusations” is expressed as a verb. See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 18:20](../18/20.md). Alternate translation: “so many people have been telling Yahweh that the people of this city are doing evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Điều này có thể được viết lại để danh từ trừu tượng "" lời buộc tội "" được diễn tả như một động từ. Hãy xem những từ tương tự được dịch trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 18: 20 ] . Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Nhiều người đã nói với Đức Giê - hô - va rằng dân thành này đang làm điều ác """ +GEN 19 14 pd6h 0 Lot went out “So Lot left the house” """ Rất nhiều người đã rời khỏi nhà """ +GEN 19 14 cb3j figs-parallelism 0 his sons-in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters The phrase “the men who had promised to marry his daughters” explains what “sons-in-law” means here. Alternate translation: “the men who were going to marry his daughters” or “his daughters’ fiancés” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Cụm từ "" mấy kẻ đã hứa gả con gái mình "" giải thích ý nghĩa của "" mấy kẻ rể "" ở đây. Một cách dịch khác: "" Những kẻ sẽ cưới con gái ông "" hoặc "" Vị hôn phu của con gái ông """ +GEN 19 15 ch9a 0 When the morning dawned “Just before the sun came up” """ Trước khi mặt trời mọc """ +GEN 19 15 r4pf 0 Get going “Go now” """ Đi ngay đi """ +GEN 19 15 ta9n figs-activepassive 0 you are not swept away in the punishment of the city This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so Yahweh does not also destroy you when he punishes the people of this city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Như vậy Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời cũng không hủy diệt các ngươi khi Ngài trừng phạt dân của thành này """ +GEN 19 15 nd8n figs-metaphor 0 not swept away in the punishment God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping away dust. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Đức Chúa Trời hủy diệt dân thành này được nói đến như thể một người đang quét bụi đất. +GEN 19 15 s4jw figs-metonymy 0 of the city Here “city” stands for the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Thành "" ở đây là viết tắt của người dân." +GEN 19 16 jp9l 0 But he lingered “But Lot hesitated” or “But Lot did not start to leave” """ Nhưng Lót đã lưỡng lự "" hay "" nhưng Lót đã không bắt đầu bỏ đi """ +GEN 19 16 sa45 0 So the men grabbed “So the two men grabbed” or “So the angels grabbed” """ Nên hai người nam nắm tay nhau "" hoặc "" nên các thiên sứ nắm tay nhau """ +GEN 19 16 jl9w 0 was merciful to him “had compassion on Lot.” Yahweh is described as being “merciful” because he was sparing the lives of Lot and his family instead of destroying them when he destroyed the people of Sodom for the wrong they had done. """ Có lòng trắc ẩn với Lot. "" +Yahweh được mô tả là "" thương xót "" bởi vì Ngài đã tha mạng sống của Lót và gia đình ông thay vì hủy diệt họ khi Ngài hủy diệt dân thành Sô-đôm vì tội ác mà họ đã làm." +GEN 19 17 z72f 0 When they had brought them out “When the two men had brought Lot’s family out” """ Khi hai người dẫn gia đình Lót ra ngoài rồi """ +GEN 19 17 is11 figs-idiom 0 Run for your lives! This is a way of telling them to run so that they do not die. Alternate translation: “Run away and save your lives!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là cách bảo họ phải chạy để khỏi chết. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy chạy đi và cứu lấy mạng sống mình! """ +GEN 19 17 wpz3 figs-ellipsis 0 Do not look back The phrase “at the city” is understood. Alternate translation: “Do not look back at the city” or “Do not look back at Sodom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Nhóm từ "" tại trong thành "" được hiểu. Có thể dịch là: "" Chớ nhìn lại thành "" hoặc "" Chớ nhìn lại thành Sô - đôm "" ." +GEN 19 17 hx63 0 on the plain This means the plain of the Jordan River. This refers to the general region of the Jordan River. Điều này có nghĩa là đồng bằng sông Giô-đanh. Điều này ám chỉ vùng chung của sông Giô - đanh. +GEN 19 17 n2if figs-ellipsis 0 so you are not swept away It is understood that they would swept away with the people of the city. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “or else God will destroy you along with the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Người ta hiểu rằng họ sẽ bị cuốn đi cùng với người dân của thành phố. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Bằng không, Đức Chúa Trời sẽ hủy diệt ngươi cùng dân thành này """ +GEN 19 17 c7y3 figs-metaphor 0 not swept away God destroying the people of the city is spoken of as if a person were sweeping away dust. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Đức Chúa Trời hủy diệt dân thành này được nói đến như thể một người đang quét bụi đất. +GEN 19 19 q7pm figs-idiom 0 Your servant has found favor in your eyes The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “You have been pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" tìm được ân huệ "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ở đây "" mắt "" là một hoán dụ cho thị giác, và thị giác là một ẩn dụ biểu thị cho sự đánh giá của mình. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Chúa đã đẹp lòng về tôi """ +GEN 19 19 zq9l figs-123person 0 Your servant has Lot was showing respect by referring to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “I, your servant, have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Lót đã tỏ lòng tôn trọng bằng cách tự nhận mình là "" tôi - tớ Chúa "" . Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi, tôi tớ Chúa """ +GEN 19 19 hc7t figs-abstractnouns 0 you have shown me great kindness in saving my life The abstract noun “kindness” can be stated as “kind.” Alternate translation: “you have been very kind to me by saving my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" lòng tốt "" có thể được gọi là "" tử tế "" . Dịch giả: "" Ngài đã rất tử tế với tôi bằng cách cứu mạng tôi """ +GEN 19 19 i5uv figs-personification 0 I cannot escape to the mountains, because the disaster will overtake me, and I will die Being unable to get far enough away from Sodom when God destroys the city is spoken of as if “disaster” is a person that will chase and catch up with Lot. Alternate translation: “My family and I will certainly die when God destroys the people of Sodom, because the mountains are too far away for us to get there safely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Việc không thể đi đủ xa khỏi Sôđôm khi Đức Chúa Trời hủy diệt thành phố được nói đến như thể "" tai họa "" là một người sẽ đuổi theo và đuổi kịp Lót. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia đình tôi và tôi chắc chắn sẽ chết khi Đức Chúa Trời hủy diệt dân thành Sô-đôm, vì núi ở quá xa nên chúng tôi không thể đến đó an toàn "" ." +GEN 19 19 q5le figs-explicit 0 my life…I cannot escape…overtake me, and I will die It is implied that Lot’s family would die along with him. Alternate translation: “our lives…we cannot escape…overtake us, and we will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nó ngụ ý rằng gia đình của Lót sẽ chết cùng với ông. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Đời sống chúng ta … chúng ta không thể thoát … bắt kịp chúng ta, và chúng ta sẽ chết """ +GEN 19 20 m8z1 figs-rquestion 0 let me escape there (is it not a little one?), and my life will be saved Lot used this rhetorical question to get the angels to notice that the city really is a small one. Alternate translation: “let me escape there. You can see how small it is. If you let us go there we will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Lót đã dùng câu hỏi tu từ này để khiến các thiên sứ để ý rằng thành này thật ra là một thành nhỏ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Xin cho tôi thoát khỏi nơi đó. Bạn có thể thấy nó nhỏ đến mức nào. Nếu bạn để chúng tôi đến đó, chúng tôi sẽ sống """ +GEN 19 20 c93m figs-explicit 0 let me escape there Lot’s full request can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “instead of destroying that city, let me escape there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Yêu cầu đầy đủ của Lót có thể được làm cho rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Thay vì hủy diệt thành ấy, hãy để tôi thoát khỏi nơi đó """ +GEN 19 20 yx21 figs-explicit 0 my life will be saved It is implied that the lives of Lot’s family will be saved along with his. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that we will live” or “so that we will survive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Nó ngụ ý rằng mạng sống của gia đình Lót sẽ được cứu cùng với Ngài. Điều này cũng có thể được nói dưới hình thức tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Để chúng ta được sống "" hoặc "" Để chúng ta được sống sót """ +GEN 19 21 x14h 0 I am granting this request also “I will do what you have asked” """ Tôi sẽ làm theo điều ông yêu cầu """ +GEN 19 22 np4e figs-explicit 0 cannot do anything This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “cannot destroy the other cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được làm rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Không thể hủy diệt các thành khác """ +GEN 19 22 y7sj 0 Zoar Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Zoar sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘little.’ Lot called this town ‘little’ in Genesis 19:20.” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Zoar nghe giống như từ Hê - bơ - rơ có nghĩa là ' ít ' . Lót đã gọi thị trấn này là ' ít ' trong Sáng - thế Ký 19: 20 "" ." +GEN 19 23 z84a figs-explicit 0 The sun had risen upon the earth “The sun had risen over the earth.” The phrase “upon the earth” can be left implicit as it is in the UST where it is not translated. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Mặt trời đã mọc trên trái đất. "" +Cụm từ "" trên đất "" có thể được giữ ở dạng hàm ý như ở Ust khi nó không được dịch." +GEN 19 23 zhv3 figs-explicit 0 when Lot reached Zoar It is implied that Lot’s family is with him. Alternate translation: “when Lot and his family arrived at Zoar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngụ ý rằng gia đình Lót ở với ông. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Khi Lót và gia đình đến Xoa """ +GEN 19 24 f7cp figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky The phrase “from Yahweh” stands for God’s power to cause the sulfur and fire to fall on the city. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused sulfur and fire to fall from the sky onto Sodom and Gomorrah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Cụm từ "" từ Đức Giê-hô-va "" đại diện cho quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời khiến lưu huỳnh và lửa giáng xuống thành. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Giê-hô-va khiến lưu huỳnh và lửa từ trời giáng xuống Sô-đôm và Gô-mô-rơ """ +GEN 19 24 c8se figs-hendiadys 0 sulfur and fire These two words are used together to describe one object. Alternate translation: “burning sulfur” or “fiery rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) "Hai từ này được dùng chung với nhau để mô tả một vật. Dịch cách khác: "" Lưu huỳnh cháy "" hoặc "" mưa lửa """ +GEN 19 25 ubh2 0 those cities This refers primarily to Sodom and Gomorrah, but also to three other towns. Điều này chủ yếu nói đến thành Sô-đôm và Gô-mô-rơ, nhưng cũng nói đến ba thành khác. +GEN 19 25 kx2i 0 the inhabitants of the cities “the people who lived in the cities” """ Dân các thành """ +GEN 19 26 pf2p 0 she became a pillar of salt “she became like a statue of salt” or “her body became like a tall stone of salt.” Because she disobeyed the angel who told them not to look back at the city, God caused her to become something like a statue made out of rock salt. """ Nàng trở nên như tượng muối "" hay "" thân thể nàng trở nên như đá muối cao lớn. "" +Vì nàng không vâng lời vị thiên sứ bảo họ đừng nhìn lại thành phố, Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến nàng trở nên một cái gì đó giống như một bức tượng làm bằng muối đá." +GEN 19 28 zp8y 0 behold The word “behold” draws attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ "" kìa "" thu hút sự chú ý đến thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên sau đó." +GEN 19 28 p62z figs-simile 0 like the smoke of a furnace This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: “like the smoke from a very large fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) "Điều này cho thấy rằng đó là một lượng khói rất lớn. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Như khói từ một ngọn lửa rất lớn """ +GEN 19 29 vag9 0 General Information: Verse 29 is a summary of this chapter. Câu 29 là câu tóm tắt chương này. +GEN 19 29 tj4d figs-idiom 0 God called Abraham to mind This tells why God rescued Lot. To “call to mind” is a way of saying “remember.” This does not imply that God forgot about Abraham. It means he considered Abraham and had mercy on him. Alternate translation: “God thought about Abraham and had mercy on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này cho biết tại sao Đức Chúa Trời giải cứu Lót. "" Nhớ lại "" là một cách nói "" nhớ lại "" . Điều này không ngụ ý rằng Đức Chúa Trời đã quên Áp-ra-ham. Nó có nghĩa là Ngài đã xem xét Áp-ra-ham và đã thương xót ông. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời nghĩ về Áp - ra - ham và thương xót ông """ +GEN 19 29 h1uq 0 out of the midst of the destruction “away from the destruction” or “away from danger” """ Tránh khỏi sự hủy diệt "" hoặc "" tránh khỏi nguy hiểm """ +GEN 19 30 p16k 0 Lot went up from Zoar to live in the mountains The phrase “went up from” is used because Lot went to a higher elevation in the mountains. "Nhóm từ "" đi lên từ "" được sử dụng vì Lót đã đi đến nơi cao hơn trong vùng núi." +GEN 19 31 me8w figs-nominaladj 0 The firstborn…the younger Here “firstborn” and “younger” are nominal adjectives that refer to Lot’s two daughters according to their birth order. Alternate translation: “Lot’s first daughter…Lot’s last daughter” or “The older daughter…the younger daughter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Ở đây "" con đầu lòng "" và "" con nhỏ hơn "" là những tính từ danh nghĩa đề cập đến hai con gái của Lót theo thứ tự ra đời của họ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Con gái đầu lòng của Lót … Con gái út của Lót "" hoặc "" Con gái lớn … Con gái nhỏ """ +GEN 19 31 xk1x figs-euphemism 0 to lie with us These words are a euphemism for sexual relations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Những từ này là một uyển ngữ cho quan hệ tình dục. +GEN 19 31 fm8h figs-metonymy 0 according to the way of all the world Here “the world” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “as people everywhere do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" thế gian "" tượng trưng cho dân chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Như người khắp nơi """ +GEN 19 32 tlh6 figs-explicit 0 drink wine It can be made explicit that their goal was to get him drunk. Alternate translation: “drink wine until he gets drunk” or “get drunk with wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể làm rõ rằng mục đích của họ là chuốc cho anh ta say. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Uống rượu cho đến say "" hoặc "" Say rượu """ +GEN 19 32 cr2n figs-euphemism 0 we will lie with him To “lie with” someone is a euphemism for having sexual relations with that person. Alternate translation: “we will have sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) """ Ăn nằm "" với ai đó là một uyển ngữ cho việc có quan hệ tình dục với người đó. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Chúng ta sẽ ăn nằm với người đó """ +GEN 19 32 j57q figs-metaphor 0 so that we may extend our father’s line This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: “so that we can bear children who will be our father’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về việc sinh con cháu cho Lót như thể gia đình ông là một dòng dõi mà họ đang sống lâu hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hầu cho chúng ta có thể sinh ra những đứa con sẽ là con cháu của cha chúng ta """ +GEN 19 33 ufz5 figs-euphemism 0 lay with her father This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:”had sexual relations with her father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây có lẽ là một uyển ngữ cho sinh hoạt tình dục. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với cha """ +GEN 19 33 r7ai figs-euphemism 0 when she lay down Possible meanings are (1) these words are literal, a complement to “when she got up,” or (2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: “when she had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) những chữ này có nghĩa đen, một từ bổ nghĩa cho "" khi nàng chỗi dậy, "" hoặc ( 2 ) chúng là một uyển ngữ cho quan hệ tình dục. Một cách dịch khác: "" Khi nàng ăn nằm với chàng """ +GEN 19 34 pyk6 0 Let us make him drink wine…father’s line See how you translated these phrases in [Genesis 19:32](./32.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cụm từ này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 19: 32 ] ( . / 32.MD ) . +GEN 19 34 mb9p figs-explicit 0 drink wine It can be made explicit that their goal was to get him drunk. Alternate translation: “drink wine until he gets drunk” or “get drunk with wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể làm rõ rằng mục đích của họ là chuốc cho anh ta say. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Uống rượu cho đến say "" hoặc "" Say rượu """ +GEN 19 34 qf2v figs-metaphor 0 so that we may extend our father’s line This speaks about giving Lot descendants as if his family were a line that they are making longer. Alternate translation: “so that we can bear children who will be our father’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về việc sinh con cháu cho Lót như thể gia đình ông là một dòng dõi mà họ đang sống lâu hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hầu cho chúng ta có thể sinh ra những đứa con sẽ là con cháu của cha chúng ta """ +GEN 19 35 hm3h 0 So they made…or when she got up See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 19:33](./33.md). Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 19: 33 ] ( . / 33.MD ) . +GEN 19 35 l4nj figs-euphemism 0 lay with him This is probably a euphemism for sexual activity. Alternate translation:”had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây có lẽ là một uyển ngữ cho sinh hoạt tình dục. Một bản dịch khác: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với anh ta """ +GEN 19 35 x62y figs-euphemism 0 when she lay down Possible meanings are (1) these words are literal, a complement to “when she got up,” or (2) they are a euphemism for sexual relations. See how these words are translated in [Genesis 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: “when she had sexual relations with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) những chữ này có nghĩa đen, một từ bổ nghĩa cho "" khi nàng chỗi dậy, "" hoặc ( 2 ) chúng là một uyển ngữ cho quan hệ tình dục. Hãy xem cách những từ này được dịch trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 19: 33 ] . Bản dịch khác: "" Khi nàng có quan hệ tình dục với chàng """ +GEN 19 36 bq86 0 were pregnant by their father “became pregnant by their father” or “conceived children with their father” """ Bởi cha mình "" hoặc "" có thai với cha """ +GEN 19 37 ur5a 0 He became “He is” """ Ngài là """ +GEN 19 37 u4u4 0 the Moabites of today “the Moab people who are now living” """ Dân Mô - áp hiện đương sống """ +GEN 19 37 lre9 0 of today The word “today” refers to the time when the author of Genesis was living. The author was born and wrote this many years after Lot’s family lived and died. "Từ "" ngày nay "" đề cập đến thời kỳ mà tác giả sách Sáng thế ký đang sống. Tác giả đã sinh ra và viết điều này nhiều năm sau khi gia đình của Lót sống và chết." +GEN 19 38 tbc3 translate-names 0 Ben-Ammi This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một người nam. +GEN 19 38 kpi7 0 the people of Ammon “the descendants of Ammon” or “the Ammon people” """ Con cháu của dân Ammôn "" hay "" dân Ammôn """ +GEN 20 intro m5j1 0 # Genesis 20 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### “She is my sister”
Abraham was afraid the people of Gerar would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Sarah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Abraham’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Irony
Abraham believed that the people of Gerar did not fear Yahweh, but when confronted by Yahweh, the king showed that he feared Yahweh. Instead, it was Abraham who did not show any fear of Yahweh when he sinned. This is irony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) "Genesis 20 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +"" Nàng là em gái tôi "" +Áp-ra-ham sợ dân Ghê-ra sẽ xem ông như một người ngoại bang và khi thấy người vợ xinh đẹp của ông, họ sẽ tìm cách giết ông. Điều này sẽ giải thoát Sa - ra khỏi vòng tay của một người khác. Dường như họ có thể dễ dàng giết một người ngoại quốc mà không bị trừng phạt. Nếu Sa - ra là em gái Áp - ra - ham, hẳn họ đã thương xót ông. Những khó khăn khác trong việc dịch thuật trong chương này +Sự Mỉa mai +Áp-ra-ham tin rằng dân Ghê-ra không kính sợ Đức Giê-hô-va, nhưng khi đối diện với Đức Giê-hô-va, vua tỏ ra rằng ông kính sợ Đức Giê-hô-va. Thay vì thế, chính Áp - ra - ham là người không kính sợ Đức Giê - hô - va khi ông phạm tội. Đây là sự mỉa mai." +GEN 20 1 pym2 translate-names 0 Shur This is a desert region on the eastern border of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một vùng sa mạc trên biên giới phía đông của Ai Cập. +GEN 20 2 zga1 0 sent for Sarah and took her “made his men go get Sarah and bring her to him” """ Biểu người của hắn đi kêu sa - ra và dẫn nàng lại """ +GEN 20 3 v444 0 God came to Abimelech “God appeared to Abimelech” """ Đức Chúa Trời hiện ra cùng A-bi-mê-léc """ +GEN 20 3 tme7 0 Behold “pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: “ """ Hãy chú ý, vì điều tôi sắp nói vừa đúng vừa quan trọng: """ +GEN 20 3 x7kr figs-idiom 0 you are a dead man This is a strong way of saying the king will die. Alternate translation: “you will certainly die soon” or “I will kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là cách mạnh mẽ để nói rằng nhà vua sẽ chết. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Ngươi chắc chắn sẽ chết "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ giết ngươi """ +GEN 20 3 l852 0 a man’s wife “a married woman” """ Một người đàn bà có chồng """ +GEN 20 4 cxb7 writing-background 0 Now…her This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Abimelech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin về A-bi-mê-léc. +GEN 20 4 nbq2 figs-euphemism 0 Abimelech had not come near her This is a polite way of saying he did not have sex with her. Alternate translation: “Abimelech had not slept with Sarah” or “Abimelech had not touched Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một cách lịch sự để nói rằng anh không có quan hệ tình dục với cô. Một cách dịch khác: "" A-bi-mê-léc đã không ngủ với Sa-ra "" hoặc "" A-bi-mê-léc đã không đụng đến Sa-ra "" ." +GEN 20 4 gxv9 figs-metonymy 0 even a righteous nation Here “nation” stands for the people. Abimelech is worried that God will punish not only him, but his people also. Alternate translation: “even a people who are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Quốc gia "" ở đây là viết tắt của dân tộc. A-bi-mê-léc lo rằng Đức Chúa Trời sẽ không chỉ trừng phạt ông, mà còn trừng phạt dân sự Ngài. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ngay cả một dân vô tội "" ." +GEN 20 5 a3jr figs-quotesinquotes 0 Did he not himself say to me, ‘She is my sister?’ Even she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ This has quotations within a quotation. They can be stated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: “Did he himself not tell me that she is his sister? Even she herself told me that he is her brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Chúng có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng trích dẫn gián tiếp. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này như sau: "" Chẳng phải chính anh ta đã nói với tôi rằng cô ấy là em gái anh ta sao? +Ngay cả chị ấy cũng nói với tôi rằng anh ấy là em trai của chị ấy "" ." +GEN 20 5 c4vt figs-rquestion 0 Did he not himself say to me, ‘She is my sister?’ Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind God of something God already knew. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Abraham himself told me, ‘She is my sister.’” or “Abraham said that she is his sister.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "A-bi-mê-léc dùng câu hỏi tu từ này để nhắc Đức Chúa Trời về điều gì đó Đức Chúa Trời đã biết. Điều này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản khác dịch: "" Chính Áp - ra - ham nói với tôi: ' Nó là em gái tôi ' . Hoặc "" Áp - ra - ham nói nó là em gái ông "" ." +GEN 20 5 lx3l figs-rpronouns 0 Did he not himself say…Even she herself The words “he himself” and “she herself” are used for emphasis to bring attention to Abraham and Sarah and to blame them for what happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) "Những từ "" chính người "" và "" chính nàng "" được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh sự chú ý đến Áp-ra-ham và Sa-ra và để đổ lỗi cho họ về những gì đã xảy ra." +GEN 20 5 ey19 figs-metonymy 0 I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands Here “heart” stands for his thoughts or intentions. Also “hands” stands for his actions. Alternate translation: “I have done this with good intentions and actions” or “I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" lòng "" tiêu biểu cho tư tưởng hay ý định của Ngài. "" Tay "" cũng tiêu biểu cho hành động của Ngài. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Tôi đã làm điều này với ý định và hành động tốt "" hoặc "" Tôi đã làm điều này mà không có tư tưởng hoặc hành động xấu """ +GEN 20 6 b1a5 0 God said to him “God said to Abimelech” """ Đức Chúa Trời phán cùng A-bi-mê-léc """ +GEN 20 6 r797 figs-metonymy 0 in the integrity of your heart you did this Here “heart” stands for his thoughts or intentions. Alternate translation: “you did this with good intentions” or “you did this without evil intentions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" lòng "" tiêu biểu cho tư tưởng hay ý định của Ngài. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Anh em làm điều này với ý tốt "" hoặc "" Anh em làm điều này mà không có ý xấu """ +GEN 20 6 fkd2 figs-euphemism 0 to touch her This is a euphemism for having sex with Sarah. Alternate translation: “to sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ cho việc quan hệ tình dục với Sarah. Dịch cách khác: "" Ngủ với cô ấy """ +GEN 20 7 x37f 0 the man’s wife “Abraham’s wife” """ Vợ của Ápraham """ +GEN 20 7 e8qh 0 you will live “I will let you live” """ Ta sẽ cho các ngươi được sống """ +GEN 20 7 nj49 0 all who are yours “all of your people” """ Hết thảy dân - sự ngươi """ +GEN 20 8 egv2 0 He told all these things to them “He told them everything that God had told him” """ Ông nói cho họ biết mọi điều mà Đức Chúa Trời đã phán với ông """ +GEN 20 9 vne4 figs-rquestion 0 What have you done to us? Abimelech used this rhetorical question to accuse Abraham. Alternate translation: “You have done something bad to us!” or “Look what you have done to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "A-bi-mê-léc dùng câu hỏi tu từ này để cáo buộc Áp-ra-ham. Ông nói: "" Ông đã làm điều ác cho chúng tôi! "" . hoặc "" Hãy xem ông đã làm gì cho chúng tôi! """ +GEN 20 9 s7b5 figs-exclusive 0 to us The word “us” here is exclusive and does not include Abraham and Sarah. If your language uses an exclusive form of “we” or “us,” use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Từ "" chúng ta "" ở đây là độc quyền và không bao gồm Áp-ra-ham và Sa-ra. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn chỉ dùng chữ "" chúng ta "" hoặc "" chúng ta "" thì hãy dùng chữ đó ở đây." +GEN 20 9 za1f figs-rquestion 0 How have I sinned against you, that you have brought…sin? Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind Abraham that he had not sinned against Abraham. Alternate translation: “I have done nothing against you to cause you to bring…sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "A-bi-mê-léc đã sử dụng câu hỏi tu từ này để nhắc nhở Áp-ra-ham rằng ông đã không phạm tội nghịch cùng Áp-ra-ham. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Ta chẳng làm gì nghịch cùng ngươi để khiến ngươi mang lấy … tội lỗi "" ." +GEN 20 9 jp85 figs-metaphor 0 that you have brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin To cause someone to be guilty of sinning is spoken of as if “sin” was a thing that could be placed on a person. Alternate translation: “that you should make me and my kingdom guilty of such a terrible sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gây cho ai đó phạm tội được nói đến như thể "" tội lỗi "" là một điều có thể đặt trên một người. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Khiến cho tôi và vương quốc của tôi phạm một tội lỗi khủng khiếp như thế """ +GEN 20 9 e4jh figs-metonymy 0 on my kingdom Here “kingdom” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “on the people of my kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Nước Trời "" đại diện cho dân chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" về dân của nước ta """ +GEN 20 9 x8wm 0 You have done to me that which ought not to be done “You should not have done this to me” """ Ngươi không nên làm vậy với ta """ +GEN 20 10 qyr8 figs-explicit 0 What prompted you to do this thing? “What caused you to do this?” or “Why did you do this?” What Abraham did can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Why did you tell me that Sarah is your sister?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Điều gì đã khiến anh làm việc này? "" +hoặc "" Tại sao anh lại làm việc này? "" +Điều Áp-ra-ham đã làm có thể được nói rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tại sao ngươi nói Sa - ra là em gái ngươi? """ +GEN 20 11 gvr3 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Because I thought, ‘Surely there is no fear of God in this place, and they will kill me because of my wife.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Because I thought that since no one here fears God, someone may kill me so they can take my wife.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch giả: "" Bởi vì tôi nghĩ rằng vì không có ai ở đây kính sợ Đức Chúa Trời, ai đó có thể giết tôi để họ có thể có được vợ tôi. """ +GEN 20 11 nei7 figs-metonymy 0 no fear of God in this place Here “place” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “no one here in Gerar fears God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nơi chốn "" ám chỉ dân chúng. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Không ai ở đây kính sợ Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 20 11 y87a 0 fear of God This means to deeply respect God and show that respect by obeying him. Điều này có nghĩa là kính trọng Đức Chúa Trời sâu xa và bày tỏ sự kính trọng đó bằng cách vâng lời Ngài. +GEN 20 12 p538 0 Besides, she is indeed my sister “Also, it is true that Sarah is my sister” or “Also, Sarah really is my sister” """ Cũng vậy, Sa-ra thật là em gái tôi "" hoặc "" Cũng vậy, Sa-ra thật là em gái tôi """ +GEN 20 12 ml6b 0 the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother “we have the same father, but we have different mothers” """ Chúng tôi có cùng một người cha, nhưng chúng tôi có những người mẹ khác nhau """ +GEN 20 13 ktu6 0 General Information: Verse 13 is a continuation of Abraham’s answer to Abimelech. Câu 13 là một sự tiếp nối câu trả lời của Áp-ra-ham cho A-bi-mê-léc. +GEN 20 13 e2ep figs-metonymy 0 my father’s house Here “house” stands for Abraham’s family. Alternate translation: “my father and the rest of my family” or “my father’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là đại diện cho gia đình của Ápraham. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Cha tôi và cả nhà tôi "" hoặc "" Nhà cha tôi """ +GEN 20 13 jl8s figs-quotesinquotes 0 I said to her, ‘You must show me this faithfulness as my wife: At every place where we go, say about me, “He is my brother.”’ This has quotations within quotations. They can be stated as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: “I said to Sarah that I wanted her to be faithful to me by telling people everywhere we go that I am her brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là những câu trích dẫn. Có thể nói là những trích dẫn gián tiếp. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi nói với Sa - ra rằng tôi muốn cô ấy trung thành với tôi bằng cách nói với mọi người ở bất cứ nơi nào chúng tôi đến rằng tôi là em trai cô ấy """ +GEN 20 14 sh8w 0 Abimelech took “Abimelech brought some” """ Vua A - bi - mê - léc đem đến """ +GEN 20 15 d1fq 0 Abimelech said “Abimelech said to Abraham” """ A-bi-mê-léc nói cùng Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 20 15 f45t 0 Look “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important” """ Hãy chú ý, vì điều tôi sắp nói vừa đúng vừa quan trọng """ +GEN 20 15 pv15 figs-idiom 0 my land is before you This is a way of saying “I make all of my land available to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một cách nói "" Ta khiến cho cả xứ nầy của ta đều sẵn dành cho các ngươi """ +GEN 20 15 ch6w 0 Settle wherever it pleases you “Live wherever you want” """ Muốn sống đâu thì sống """ +GEN 20 16 u7bg translate-numbers 0 a thousand “1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 1.000 """ +GEN 20 16 tv82 figs-metaphor 0 It is to cover any offense against you in the eyes of all who are with you Giving money to prove to others that Sarah is innocent is spoken of as if he is placing a cover over an offense so no one can see it. Alternate translation: “I am giving this to him, so that those who are with you will know that you have done nothing wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đóng góp tiền bạc để chứng minh cho người khác thấy rằng Sa - ra vô tội được nói đến như thể ông che đậy tội lỗi của mình để không ai có thể nhìn thấy. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Tôi đưa cái này cho người, để những người đi cùng anh em biết rằng anh em đã không làm gì sai cả """ +GEN 20 16 gpn5 figs-metaphor 0 in the eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the opinion” or “in the judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc phán xét. Cách dịch khác là: "" theo ý kiến "" hoặc "" theo sự phán xét """ +GEN 20 16 id4c figs-activepassive 0 before everyone, you are completely made right The passive phrase “made right” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everyone will know that you are innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Cụm từ thụ động "" made right "" có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng chủ động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Mọi người sẽ biết anh vô tội """ +GEN 20 18 wr3n 0 completely infertile “totally unable to have children” """ Hoàn toàn không thể có con """ +GEN 20 18 z9nv figs-explicit 0 because of Sarah, Abraham’s wife The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “because Abimelech had taken Abraham’s wife Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Vì vua A-bi-mê-léc đã bắt Sa-ra, vợ của Áp-ra-ham "" ." +GEN 21 intro cru4 0 # Genesis 21 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Sarah’s anger
After Sarah was able to have her own child, and he survived infancy, she began to get angry with Abraham’s other son, Ishmael. He would have been a constant reminder of her own sin. God blessed Ishmael, but he was not able to inherit the promises given to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Abandoning Ishmael
According to the law at this time, Hagar was able to gain her freedom from slavery by abandoning any claim to receive an inheritance. This is why Hagar would have abandoned her son under the tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Treaty
The Gentile king, Abimelech, made a covenant or treaty with Abraham. It is possible that he did this because he recognized the power of Abraham’s God, but his exact reasons are unknown. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) "Genesis 21 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Cơn giận của Sa-ra +Sau khi Sa-ra có thể có con, và con trai bà sống sót qua giai đoạn phôi thai, bà bắt đầu tức giận với Ích-ma-ên, đứa con trai thứ hai của Áp-ra-ham. Hẳn ông là người thường xuyên nhắc nhở bà về tội lỗi của mình. Đức Chúa Trời chúc phước cho Ích-ma-ên, nhưng ông không thể thừa hưởng những lời hứa đã ban cho Áp-ra-ham. Lìa bỏ Ích-ma-ên +Theo luật pháp lúc này, A-ga có thể được tự do khỏi tình trạng nô lệ bằng cách từ bỏ bất cứ quyền thừa kế nào. Đây là lý do A-ga muốn từ bỏ con trai mình dưới gốc cây. Hiệp ước +Vua dân ngoại, A-bi-mê-léc, đã lập một giao ước hay hiệp ước với Áp-ra-ham. Có thể ông đã làm điều này vì ông nhận biết quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời của Áp-ra-ham, nhưng những lý do chính xác của ông không được biết." +GEN 21 1 f988 figs-explicit 0 Yahweh paid attention to Sarah Here the phrase “paid attention to” refers to Yahweh helping Sarah have a baby. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped Sarah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ở đây cụm từ "" chú ý đến "" đề cập đến việc Đức Giê-hô-va giúp đỡ Sa-ra có một đứa con. Dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đã giúp đỡ Sa-ra """ +GEN 21 2 waa9 0 bore a son to Abraham “gave birth to Abraham’s son” """ Sanh một con trai """ +GEN 21 2 xm5n 0 in his old age “when Abraham was very old” """ Khi Áp-ra-ham đã già """ +GEN 21 2 ud3d 0 at the set time of which God had spoken to him “at the exact time that God had told him it would happen” """ Vào đúng thời điểm mà Đức Chúa Trời đã nói với ông rằng điều đó sẽ xảy ra """ +GEN 21 3 gbc9 0 Abraham named his son, the one who had been born to him, whom Sarah bore to him, Isaac “Abraham named his newborn son, the one Sarah gave birth to, Isaac” or “Abraham named their newborn son Isaac” """ Áp-ra-ham đặt tên con trai mới sanh là Y-sác "" hay "" Áp-ra-ham đặt tên con trai mới sanh là Y-sác "" ." +GEN 21 4 wzz8 0 Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when he was eight days old “When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him” """ Khi con Y - sác được tám ngày tuổi, Áp - ra - ham làm phép cắt bì cho con """ +GEN 21 4 g3m9 translate-numbers 0 eight days “8 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 8 ngày """ +GEN 21 4 pp61 0 had commanded him “had commanded Abraham to do” """ Đã truyền cho Áp - ra - ham làm """ +GEN 21 5 j1u3 translate-numbers 0 one hundred “100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 100 """ +GEN 21 6 nu7q figs-explicit 0 God has made me laugh Sarah was laughing because she was surprised and happy. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “God has caused me to laugh joyfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sarah bật cười vì cô ngạc nhiên và sung sướng. Điều này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời khiến tôi cười vui mừng """ +GEN 21 6 ns7b figs-explicit 0 every one who hears What people would hear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “everyone who hears about what God has done for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Những gì mọi người muốn nghe có thể được tuyên bố rõ ràng. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Hễ ai nghe về những gì Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho tôi """ +GEN 21 7 t9ue figs-rquestion 0 Who would have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one would have ever said to Abraham that Sarah will nurse children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là lời tuyên bố. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Không ai có thể nói với Áp - ra - ham rằng Sa - ra sẽ cho con bú """ +GEN 21 7 hs12 figs-euphemism 0 nurse children This is a polite way of referring to breast-feeding babies. Alternate translation: “feed a baby her own milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một cách lịch sự để chỉ những đứa trẻ cho bú sữa mẹ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Hãy cho trẻ bú sữa của chính nó """ +GEN 21 8 dp3y figs-euphemism 0 The child grew and…Isaac was weaned “Wean” here is a polite way of saying the child was finished with breast feeding. Alternate translation: “Isaac grew, and when he no longer needed his mother’s milk, Abraham had a large feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) """ Wean "" ở đây là một cách lịch sự để nói rằng đứa trẻ đã thôi bú sữa mẹ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Y-sác lớn lên, và khi ông không còn cần sữa mẹ nữa, Áp-ra-ham đã có một bữa tiệc lớn "" ." +GEN 21 9 mm9v figs-explicit 0 the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham The name of Hagar’s son can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Ishmael, the son of Hagar the Egyptian and Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Tên của con trai Hagar có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ích-ma-ên, con trai của A - ga, người Ai Cập và Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 21 9 d73k figs-explicit 0 mocking It can be stated explicitly that he was jeering or laughing at Isaac. Alternate translation: “laughing at Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể nói rõ ràng rằng ông đang chế nhạo hoặc cười nhạo Y-sác. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Cười nhạo Y - sác """ +GEN 21 10 t7tn 0 she said to Abraham “Sarah said to Abraham” """ Sa-ra nói cùng Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 21 10 y4le 0 Drive out “send away” or “get rid of” """ Gửi đi "" hay "" Tống khứ """ +GEN 21 10 n7ry 0 this slave woman and her son This refers to Hagar and Ishmael. Sarah probably did not refer to them by name because she was angry with them. Điều này ám chỉ A-ga và Ích-ma-ên. Có lẽ Sa-ra không gọi tên họ vì bà giận họ. +GEN 21 10 jrm9 0 with my son, with Isaac “with my son Isaac” """ Với con trai tôi là Y - sác """ +GEN 21 11 b5qj 0 This thing was very grievous to Abraham “Abraham was very unhappy about what Sarah said” """ Áp-ra-ham rất không vui về điều Sa-ra nói """ +GEN 21 11 bb4j figs-explicit 0 because of his son “because it was about his son.” It is implied that this means his son, Ishmael. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Vì đó là chuyện về con trai ông ấy. "" +Điều đó ngụ ý rằng điều này có nghĩa là con của Ngài, là Ích-ma-ên." +GEN 21 12 r6u6 0 Do not be grieved because of the lad, and because of your servant woman “Do not be upset about the boy and your handmaid” """ Chớ buồn vì con trai và con đòi của con """ +GEN 21 12 t2a7 0 Listen to her words in all she says to you about this matter “Do everything that Sarah says to you about them” """ Hãy làm theo mọi điều sa - ra nói về mình """ +GEN 21 12 wzl5 figs-activepassive 0 it is through Isaac that your descendants will be named The phrase “will be named” means those born through Isaac are the ones God considers to be the descendants that he promised Abraham. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Isaac is the one who will be the forefather of the descendants I promised to give you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Cụm từ "" sẽ được đặt tên "" có nghĩa là những người được sinh ra bởi Y-sác là những người mà Đức Chúa Trời xem là con cháu mà Ngài đã hứa với Áp-ra-ham. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Y - sác là tổ phụ của Dòng Dõi mà ta đã hứa ban cho ngươi """ +GEN 21 13 k7jw figs-metonymy 0 I will also make the son of the servant woman into a nation The word “nation” means God will give him many descendants so that they become a great nation of people. Alternate translation: “I will make the servant woman’s son also become the father of a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Từ "" dân tộc "" có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời sẽ ban cho ông nhiều con cháu để họ trở thành một dân tộc vĩ đại của muôn dân. Dịch lệ: "" Ta sẽ khiến con trai của người đầy tớ gái trở thành tổ phụ của một dân tộc lớn """ +GEN 21 14 u9q1 figs-synecdoche 0 took bread Possible meanings are (1) this refers to food in general or (2) this refers to bread specifically. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) điều này ám chỉ thức ăn nói chung hoặc ( 2 ) điều này ám chỉ bánh mì nói riêng. +GEN 21 14 hbx9 0 a skin of water “a bag of water.” The water container was made out of animal skin. """ Một túi nước. "" +Bình nước được làm bằng da thú vật." +GEN 21 15 ad5u 0 When the water in the waterskin was gone “When the water bag was empty” or “When they had drank all of the water” """ Khi túi nước đã cạn "" hoặc "" khi họ đã uống hết nước rồi """ +GEN 21 16 z7c3 0 about the distance of a bowshot away This refers to the distance that a person could shoot an arrow with a bow. This is about 100 meters. Điều này ám chỉ khoảng cách mà một người có thể bắn tên bằng cung. Đây là khoảng 100 mét. +GEN 21 16 kuh9 figs-abstractnouns 0 Let me not look upon the death of the child The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “die.” Alternate translation: “I do not want to watch the boy die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" chết "" có thể được gọi là "" chết "" . Dịch giả: "" Tôi không muốn thấy cậu bé chết """ +GEN 21 16 i8r8 figs-metonymy 0 she lifted up her voice and wept Here “voice” stands for the sound of her crying. To “life up her voice” means to cry loudly. Alternate translation: “she cried out loudly and wept” or “she wept loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" tiếng nói "" đại diện cho âm thanh của tiếng khóc. "" Sự sống lên tiếng "" có nghĩa là khóc lớn tiếng. Dịch lệ: "" Nàng khóc lớn tiếng "" hay "" Nàng khóc lớn tiếng """ +GEN 21 17 y2cd figs-metonymy 0 the voice of the lad “the boy’s voice.” Here “voice” stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate translation: “the sound of Ishmael” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Giọng của thằng bé. "" +Ở đây "" tiếng nói "" đại diện cho âm thanh của cậu bé khóc hoặc nói. Bản dịch khác là: "" Âm thanh của Ishmael """ +GEN 21 17 swz4 0 the angel of God “a messenger from God” or “God’s messenger” """ Một sứ giả từ Đức Chúa Trời "" hay "" sứ giả của Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 21 17 nh6r 0 out of heaven Here “heaven” means the place where God lives. "Ở đây "" thiên đàng "" có nghĩa là nơi Đức Chúa Trời sống." +GEN 21 17 usq5 0 What troubles you “What is wrong” or “Why are you crying” """ Có chuyện gì vậy "" hay "" Sao con lại khóc """ +GEN 21 17 bx2t figs-metonymy 0 the voice of the lad where he is Here “voice” stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate translation: “the sound of the boy lying over there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" tiếng nói "" tiêu biểu cho âm thanh của cậu bé khóc lóc hay nói năng. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tiếng của cậu bé nằm đằng kia """ +GEN 21 18 n4hf 0 raise up the lad “help the boy stand up” """ Giúp cậu bé đứng dậy """ +GEN 21 18 ifp4 figs-metonymy 0 I will make him into a great nation To make Ishmael into a great nation means God will give him many descendants who will become a great nation. Alternate translation: “I will make his descendants become a great nation” or “I will make him become the ancestor of a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Để khiến Ích-ma-ên thành một dân tộc lớn có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời sẽ ban cho ông nhiều con cháu sẽ trở thành một dân tộc lớn. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Ta sẽ khiến con cháu ông trở thành một dân tộc lớn "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ khiến ông trở thành tổ phụ của một dân tộc lớn """ +GEN 21 19 kqh4 figs-metaphor 0 God opened her eyes, and she saw God making Hagar aware of the well is spoken of as if he literally opened her eyes. Alternate translation: “God caused Hagar to see” or “God showed her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đức Chúa Trời khiến A-ga nhận biết cái giếng được nói đến như thể Ngài đã mở mắt nàng theo nghĩa đen. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời cho A - ga thấy "" hoặc "" Đức Chúa Trời cho nàng thấy """ +GEN 21 19 l527 0 the skin “the container made of skin” or “the bag” """ Hộp đựng làm bằng da "" hay "" cái túi """ +GEN 21 19 q3fh 0 the lad “the boy” or “Ishmael” """ The Boy "" hay "" Ishmael """ +GEN 21 20 i9tw figs-idiom 0 God was with the lad Here the phrase “was with” is an idiom that means God helped or blessed the boy. Alternate translation: “God guided the boy” or “God blessed the boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây cụm từ "" đã ở cùng "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời giúp đỡ hay ban phước cho cậu bé. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời hướng dẫn cậu bé "" hoặc "" Đức Chúa Trời ban phước cho cậu bé """ +GEN 21 20 dwr6 0 became an archer “became very skilled at using a bow and arrows” """ Dùng cung tên rất khéo """ +GEN 21 21 nwf2 0 got a wife “found a wife” """ Tìm được một người vợ """ +GEN 21 22 d7es writing-newevent 0 It came about at that time This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 21 22 sx3y translate-names 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 21 22 fg4b 0 captain of his army “commander of his army” """ Tướng đạo binh """ +GEN 21 22 j5ga 0 his army The word “his” refers to Abimelech. "Từ "" Ngài "" đề cập đến A-bi-mê-léc." +GEN 21 22 ed3j figs-idiom 0 God is with you in all that you do Here the phrase “is with you” is an idiom that means God helps or blesses Abraham. Alternate translation: “God blesses everything you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây cụm từ "" ở cùng ngươi "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời giúp đỡ hay ban phước cho Áp-ra-ham. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đức Chúa Trời ban phước cho mọi việc bạn làm """ +GEN 21 23 s6v8 figs-explicit 0 Now therefore The word “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. Alternate translation: “Therefore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này, "" nhưng được dùng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng tiếp theo sau đó. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Vậy """ +GEN 21 23 le59 figs-idiom 0 swear to me here by God This is an idiom meaning to make a solemn oath witnessed by a higher authority, in this instance, God. Alternate translation: “promise me with God as your witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là thành ngữ có ý nói tới việc lập một lời thề long trọng được chứng kiến bởi một uy quyền cao hơn, trong trường hợp nầy, là Đức Chúa Trời. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Hãy hứa với Ta với Đức Chúa Trời làm chứng cho ngươi """ +GEN 21 23 du1c 0 that you will not deal falsely with me “that you will not lie to me” """ Ngươi chớ nói dối cùng ta """ +GEN 21 23 z3n7 figs-doublenegatives 0 will not deal falsely…with my descendants This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “will deal honestly with me and my descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sẽ đối xử công bằng với tôi và con cháu tôi """ +GEN 21 23 s3ki figs-abstractnouns 0 Show to me…covenant faithfulness that I have shown to you The two men had made a covenant with each other. The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “loyal.” Alternate translation: “Be as faithful to me and to the land as I have been to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Hai người đã lập giao ước với nhau. Danh từ trừu tượng "" thành tín "" có thể được gọi là "" trung tín "" hay "" trung tín "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Hãy trung tín với tôi và với xứ như tôi đã trung tín với anh em """ +GEN 21 23 cj4i figs-metonymy 0 to the land Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “to the people of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" là viết tắt của dân chúng. Một bản khác dịch là "" cho dân của đất """ +GEN 21 24 s11p figs-ellipsis 0 I swear This can be stated with the understood information. Alternate translation: “I swear to be as faithful to you and your people as you have been to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Điều này có thể được nêu với các thông tin đã hiểu. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi thề sẽ trung thành với anh em và dân sự của anh em như anh em đã trung thành với tôi """ +GEN 21 25 v44s 0 Abraham also complained to Abimelech Possible meanings are (1) Abraham was complaining about what happened or (2) “Abraham also rebuked Abimelech” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) Ápraham đang phàn nàn về những gì đã xảy ra hoặc ( 2 ) "" Ápraham cũng quở trách Abimêléc """ +GEN 21 25 ph9l 0 concerning a well of water that Abimelech’s servants had seized from him “because Abimelech’s servants had taken one of Abraham’s wells” """ Bởi vì tôi tớ của vua A - bi - mê - léc đã lấy một cái giếng của Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 21 25 t12g 0 seized from him “taken from Abraham” or “had taken control of” """ Đã bị cất khỏi Áp - ra - ham "" hoặc "" đã cai - trị """ +GEN 21 26 i3se 0 I have not heard of it until today “This is the first time I have heard about it” """ Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi nghe nói về nó """ +GEN 21 27 ruw8 translate-symaction 0 Abraham took sheep and oxen and gave them to Abimelech This is a sign of friendship and that Abraham agrees to make covenant with Abimelech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là một dấu hiệu của tình bạn và Áp-ra-ham đồng ý lập giao ước với A-bi-mê-léc. +GEN 21 28 jy7m 0 Abraham set seven female lambs of the flock by themselves “Abraham separated seven female lambs from the flock” """ Áp - ra - ham lọc bảy con chiên cái trong bầy """ +GEN 21 29 tqa1 0 What is the meaning of these seven female lambs that you have set by themselves? “Why have you separated these seven lambs from the flock?” """ Tại sao ngươi tách bảy chiên con nầy ra khỏi bầy? """ +GEN 21 30 t7mt 0 you will receive “you will take” """ Ngươi sẽ nhận lấy """ +GEN 21 30 mf9f figs-synecdoche 0 from my hand Here “hand” stands for Abraham. Alternate translation: “from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" tiêu biểu cho Ápraham. Cách dịch khác là: "" Từ ta """ +GEN 21 30 z8ku 0 it may be a witness The word “it” refers to the gift of seven lambs. "Từ "" nó "" ám chỉ món quà là bảy chiên con." +GEN 21 30 k965 figs-abstractnouns 0 so that it may be a witness for me The abstract noun “witness” can be stated as “to prove.” Alternate translation: “to prove to everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" làm chứng "" có thể được phát biểu như là "" chứng minh "" . Dịch luân phiên: "" Chứng minh cho mọi người """ +GEN 21 31 fs2d 0 he called that place “Abraham called that place” """ Áp-ra-ham gọi nơi đó là """ +GEN 21 31 nln8 0 Beersheba Translators may add a footnote saying “Beersheba can mean either “well of the oath” or “well of seven.” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời Ghi Chú "" Bê - e - Sê - ba có thể có nghĩa là "" tốt như lời thề "" hoặc "" tốt như bảy người "" ." +GEN 21 31 uup5 0 they both “Abraham and Abimelech” """ Áp - ra - ham và A - bi - mê - léc """ +GEN 21 32 nu8h 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 21: 22 ] . +GEN 21 33 nb3h translate-unknown 0 a tamarisk tree This is an evergreen tree that can grow in the desert. It can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) "Đây là một cây thường xanh có thể mọc trong sa mạc. Nó có thể được phát biểu một cách tổng quát hơn. Bản dịch khác: "" Một cây """ +GEN 21 33 hss3 0 the eternal God “the God who lives forever” """ Đức Chúa Trời hằng sống đời đời """ +GEN 21 34 q54a 0 many days “for a long time” """ Lâu ngày """ +GEN 22 intro eq6l 0 # Genesis 22 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Sacrificing his son
Although Isaac was not Abraham’s only son, he was the son who was to inherit Abraham’s promised blessings. It is possible this parallels God’s actual sacrifice of his son, Jesus, for the sins of man. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### Covenant affirmation
After important events, it is common for Scripture to affirm the tenants of a covenant. This serves as a reminder of the covenant and affirms it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God tests Abraham
Extra care should be taken when translating “testing.” It is best to avoid using the same word used for “tempting” even though they overlap in meaning. This is because Scripture also says God does not tempt anyone. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tempt]] and [James 2:13](../../jas/02/13.md)) "Genesis 22 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Hy sinh con ngài +Mặc dù Y-sác không phải là con trai duy nhất của Áp-ra-ham, nhưng ông là người con phải thừa hưởng những phước hạnh đã được hứa ban cho Áp-ra-ham. Có thể điều này tương đương với sự hy sinh thật sự của Đức Chúa Trời đối với Con Ngài, là Chúa Giê-xu, vì tội lỗi của con người. SỰ XÁC NHẬN GIAO ƯỚC +Sau những sự kiện quan trọng, Kinh Thánh thường khẳng định những người thuê một giao ước. Điều này phục vụ như một sự nhắc nhở về giao ước và xác nhận nó. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +Đức Chúa Trời thử Áp-ra-ham +Nên cẩn thận hơn khi dịch từ "" thử nghiệm "" . Tốt nhất là tránh dùng cùng một chữ được dùng để nói về "" cám dỗ "" dù ý nghĩa của hai chữ này có thể trùng nhau. Đó là vì Kinh Thánh cũng nói rằng Đức Chúa Trời không cám dỗ ai ) ." +GEN 22 1 v5l5 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 22 1 l21s 0 after these things This phrase refers to the events in chapter 21. Cụm từ nầy đề cập tới các biến cố trong chương 21. +GEN 22 1 n2k1 figs-explicit 0 God tested Abraham It is implied that God tests Abraham to learn if Abraham will be faithful to him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: God tested Abraham’s faithfulness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nó ngụ ý rằng Đức Chúa Trời thử Áp-ra-ham để xem Áp-ra-ham có trung tín với Ngài không. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một cách dịch khác: Đức Chúa Trời thử lòng trung thành của Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 22 1 wmg9 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” """ Vâng, tôi đang lắng nghe đây "" hay "" Vâng, có chuyện gì vậy? """ +GEN 22 2 riw5 figs-explicit 0 your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “your only son whom I have promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngụ ý rằng Đức Chúa Trời biết Áp-ra-ham có một con trai khác, là Ích-ma-ên. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng Y-sác là con trai mà Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa ban cho Áp-ra-ham. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Con trai duy nhất của cha mà con đã hứa """ +GEN 22 2 wi8g 0 whom you love This emphasizes Abraham’s love for his son, Isaac. Điều này nhấn mạnh tình yêu thương của Áp - ra - ham dành cho con là Y - sác. +GEN 22 2 f7eh translate-names 0 the land of Moriah “the land called Moriah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Xứ gọi là Mô - ri - a """ +GEN 22 3 t9yx 0 saddled his donkey “loaded his donkey” or “put on his donkey what he needed for the journey” """ Chất đồ lên lưng lừa "" hoặc "" chất lên lưng lừa những gì cần thiết cho cuộc hành trình """ +GEN 22 3 yed4 0 young men “servants” """ Đầy tớ """ +GEN 22 3 u1yy 0 set out on his journey “started his journey” or “started traveling” """ Bắt đầu cuộc hành trình "" hay "" bắt đầu hành trình """ +GEN 22 4 rp2j translate-ordinal 0 On the third day The word “third” is the ordinal number for three. Alternate translation: “After traveling for three days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) "Chữ "" thứ ba "" là số thứ tự cho ba. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sau khi đi ba ngày """ +GEN 22 4 wqd9 0 saw the place afar off “saw far away the place that God had spoken of” """ Thấy từ xa một nơi mà Đức Chúa Trời đã phán """ +GEN 22 5 n287 0 young men “servants” """ Đầy tớ """ +GEN 22 5 fay2 figs-exclusive 0 We will worship The word “we” refers only to Abraham and Isaac, but not to the young men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Từ "" chúng ta "" chỉ đề cập đến Áp-ra-ham và Y-sác, nhưng không đề cập đến những người trai trẻ." +GEN 22 5 h4ur 0 come again to you “return to you” """ Trở lại cùng Ngài """ +GEN 22 6 hdf8 0 put it on Isaac his son “had Isaac, his son, carry it” """ Nhờ Y - sác, con trai mình, bồng lấy """ +GEN 22 6 kw2g figs-synecdoche 0 He took in his own hand Here “his own hand” emphasizes that Abraham himself carried these things. Alternate translation: “Abraham himself carried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" chính tay Ngài "" nhấn mạnh rằng chính Áp-ra-ham đã mang những điều này. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chính Áp-ra-ham đã mang """ +GEN 22 6 lj2s figs-synecdoche 0 the fire Here “fire” stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. Alternate translation: “something for starting a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Lửa "" ở đây là một cái chảo chứa than đang cháy hoặc một ngọn đuốc hoặc một ngọn đèn. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" cái gì đó để nhóm lửa """ +GEN 22 6 v6yy 0 they went both of them together “they left together” or “the two of them went together” """ Họ ra đi cùng nhau "" hay "" hai người họ cùng đi với nhau """ +GEN 22 7 h248 0 My father This is a loving way for a son to speak to his father. Đây là cách yêu thương để một người con nói chuyện với cha mình. +GEN 22 7 j9ph 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). """ Vâng, tôi đang lắng nghe đây "" hay "" Vâng, có chuyện gì vậy? "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 22: 1 ] ." +GEN 22 7 vf73 0 my son This is a loving way for a father to speak to his son. Đây là cách đầy yêu thương để một người cha nói chuyện với con trai mình. +GEN 22 7 m2y2 figs-synecdoche 0 the fire Here “fire” stands for a pan containing burning coals or a torch or lamp. See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:6](../22/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Lửa "" ở đây là một cái chảo chứa than đang cháy hoặc một ngọn đuốc hoặc một ngọn đèn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 6 ] ." +GEN 22 7 eb9g 0 the lamb for the burnt offering “the lamb that you will give as a burnt offering” """ Chiên Con mà ngươi sẽ dâng làm của - lễ thiêu """ +GEN 22 8 w7zp figs-rpronouns 0 God himself Here “himself” emphasizes that it is God who will provide the lamb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) "Ở đây "" chính Ngài "" nhấn mạnh rằng chính Đức Chúa Trời sẽ cung ứng Chiên Con." +GEN 22 8 p2wc 0 will provide “will give us” """ Sẽ cho chúng ta """ +GEN 22 9 yn6m 0 When they came to the place “When Abraham and Isaac arrived at the place” """ Khi Áp-ra-ham và Y-sác đến chốn nầy """ +GEN 22 9 x21f 0 he bound “he tied up” """ Ngài trói """ +GEN 22 9 g9i8 0 on the altar, on top of the wood “on top of the wood that was on the altar” """ Trên đầu cây gỗ đã để trên bàn thờ """ +GEN 22 10 a5eg 0 reached out with his hand and took up the knife “picked up the knife” """ Nhặt lấy con dao """ +GEN 22 11 d82r 0 the angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) Yahweh tự làm cho mình trông giống như một thiên sứ hoặc ( 2 ) đây là một trong những thiên sứ của Yahweh hoặc ( 3 ) đây là một sứ giả đặc biệt đến từ Đức Chúa Trời ( một số học giả cho rằng đó là Chúa Jesus ) . Vì cụm từ này không được hiểu rõ, tốt nhất nên dịch đơn giản là "" thiên sứ của Đức Giê-hô-va "" bằng cách sử dụng từ thông thường mà bạn dùng cho "" thiên sứ. "" +Xin xem lời ghi chú về cụm từ này trong Sáng Thế Ký 16: 7." +GEN 22 11 yu4c 0 from heaven This refers to the place where God lives. Điều này ám chỉ nơi ở của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 22 11 w9zz 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). """ Vâng, tôi đang lắng nghe đây "" hay "" Vâng, có chuyện gì vậy? "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 22: 1 ] ." +GEN 22 12 m8d6 figs-idiom 0 Do not lay your hand upon the lad, nor do anything to harm him The phrase “Do no lay your hand upon” is a way of saying “do not harm.” God said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that Abraham should not hurt Isaac. Alternate translation: “Do not hurt the boy in any way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Cụm từ "" đừng tra tay vào mình "" là một cách nói "" đừng làm hại "" . Về cơ bản, Đức Chúa Trời nói cùng một điều hai lần để nhấn mạnh rằng Áp-ra-ham không nên làm hại Y-sác. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đừng làm hại đứa con trai """ +GEN 22 12 n4c5 0 now I know…from me The words “I” and “me” refer to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the words “I” and “me” when referring to Yahweh. "Những chữ "" Ta "" và "" Ta "" ám chỉ Đức Giê-hô-va. Khi dịch những gì có trong câu trích dẫn, hãy làm y như thiên sứ của Đức Giê-hô-va đã làm và sử dụng những chữ "" Ta "" và "" Ta "" khi đề cập đến Đức Giê-hô-va." +GEN 22 12 n8sb 0 you fear God This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. Điều này ám chỉ việc tôn kính Đức Chúa Trời sâu xa và bày tỏ sự tôn trọng đó bằng cách vâng lời Ngài. +GEN 22 12 rcz2 0 seeing that “because I see that” """ Vì ta thấy rằng """ +GEN 22 12 nh8u figs-doublenegatives 0 you have not withheld your son…from me “you have not held back your son…from me.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you were willing to offer your son…to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) """ Bà không hề ngăn cản con trai bà … khỏi tôi. "" +Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Dịch giả: "" Chúa vui lòng dâng con trai Chúa … cho tôi """ +GEN 22 12 yqd1 figs-explicit 0 your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ngụ ý rằng Đức Chúa Trời biết Áp-ra-ham có một con trai khác, là Ích-ma-ên. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng Y-sác là con trai mà Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa ban cho Áp-ra-ham. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 2 ] . +GEN 22 13 n7b6 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 22 13 qy8n figs-activepassive 0 was a ram caught in the bushes by his horns This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “was a ram whose horns were stuck in the bushes” or “was a ram stuck in the bushes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch luân phiên: "" Là một con chiên đực có sừng mắc trong bụi cây "" hoặc "" là một con chiên đực mắc trong bụi cây """ +GEN 22 13 i7l2 0 went and took the ram “Abraham went over to the ram and took it” """ Áp - ra - ham bèn lại gần con chiên mà lấy """ +GEN 22 14 fk9q 0 will provide…will be provided Use the same word for “provide” as you used in [Genesis 22:8](../22/08.md). "Hãy dùng cùng một từ ngữ cho "" cung cấp "" như bạn đã dùng trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 22: 8 ] ." +GEN 22 14 cbx8 0 to this day “even now.” This means even to the time that the author was writing this book. """ Ngay cả bây giờ. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là ngay cả vào thời điểm tác giả đang viết cuốn sách này." +GEN 22 14 qmx7 figs-activepassive 0 it will be provided This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will provide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Ngài sẽ cung cấp """ +GEN 22 15 qcn7 0 The angel of Yahweh Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel or (2) this was one of Yahweh’s angels or (3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “The angel of Yahweh” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” See the note about this phrase in [Genesis 16:7](../16/07.md). "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) Yahweh tự làm cho mình trông giống như một thiên sứ hoặc ( 2 ) đây là một trong những thiên sứ của Yahweh hoặc ( 3 ) đây là một sứ giả đặc biệt đến từ Đức Chúa Trời ( một số học giả cho rằng đó là Chúa Jesus ) . Vì cụm từ này không được hiểu rõ, tốt nhất nên dịch đơn giản là "" thiên sứ của Đức Giê-hô-va "" bằng cách sử dụng từ thông thường mà bạn dùng cho "" thiên sứ. "" +Xin xem lời ghi chú về cụm từ này trong Sáng Thế Ký 16: 7." +GEN 22 15 aa8z translate-ordinal 0 a second time The word “second” is the ordinal number for two. Alternate translation: “again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) "Chữ "" thứ nhì "" là số thứ tự cho hai. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" một lần nữa """ +GEN 22 15 e8jz 0 from heaven Here the word “heaven” refers to the place where God lives. "Ở đây chữ "" trời "" ám chỉ nơi chốn Đức Chúa Trời sống." +GEN 22 16 t7gg 0 said—this is Yahweh’s declaration “spoke this message from Yahweh” or “declared these words of Yahweh.” This is a formal way of saying that the words that follow come directly from Yahweh. Hãy truyền ra lời của Ðức Giê hô va, Và tỏ ra lời của Ngài. Đây là cách nói theo hình thức rằng những lời theo sau đó đến trực tiếp từ Ðức Giê hô va. +GEN 22 16 p814 0 by myself I have sworn “I have promised and I am my witness.” To swear means to use the name of something or someone as the basis or power on which the oath is made. There is nothing more powerful for Yahweh to swear by than himself. """ Tôi đã hứa và tôi là nhân chứng của tôi. "" +Thề có nghĩa là sử dụng tên của một điều gì đó hoặc một ai đó làm cơ sở hoặc sức mạnh để lập lời thề. Không có gì mạnh mẽ hơn cho Đức Giê-hô-va để thề bởi chính Ngài." +GEN 22 16 une6 0 you have done this thing “you obeyed me” """ Các ngươi đã vâng lời Ta """ +GEN 22 16 jc1a figs-doublenegatives 0 have not withheld your son “have not kept back your son.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “were willing to offer your son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) """ Không thể giữ con trai ông lại được. "" +Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sẵn lòng dâng con của anh em cho tôi """ +GEN 22 16 pyp7 figs-explicit 0 your son, your only son It is implied that God knows that Abraham has another son, Ishmael. This emphasizes that Isaac is the son that God promised to give Abraham. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 22:2](../22/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ngụ ý rằng Đức Chúa Trời biết Áp-ra-ham có một con trai khác, là Ích-ma-ên. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng Y-sác là con trai mà Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa ban cho Áp-ra-ham. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 2 ] . +GEN 22 17 rb7e 0 surely bless “certainly bless” """ Được phước """ +GEN 22 17 ejb4 0 I will greatly multiply your descendants “I will cause your descendants to increase again and again” or “I will cause your descendants to be very many” """ Ta sẽ khiến dòng dõi ngươi sanh sản thêm nhiều ra "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ làm cho dòng dõi ngươi thêm nhiều """ +GEN 22 17 aih1 figs-simile 0 as the stars of the heavens, and as the sand which is upon the seashore God compared Abraham’s descendants to the stars and the sand. Just as people cannot count the huge number of stars or the grains of sand, so there would be so many of Abraham’s descendants that people would not be able to count them. Alternate translation: “beyond what you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) "Đức Chúa Trời so sánh con cháu Áp-ra-ham với những ngôi sao và cát. Giống như người ta không thể đếm được số lượng khổng lồ các ngôi sao hoặc các hạt cát, thì cũng sẽ có quá nhiều con cháu của Áp-ra-ham đến nỗi người ta sẽ không thể đếm được chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Không thể đếm được "" ." +GEN 22 17 v86r 0 as the stars of the heavens Here the word “heavens” refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars. "Ở đây, từ "" các từng trời "" ám chỉ mọi thứ chúng ta thấy trên trái đất, bao gồm mặt trời, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao." +GEN 22 17 q7zd figs-synecdoche 0 will possess the gate of their enemies Here “gate” represents the whole city. To “possess the gate of their enemies” means destroying their enemies. Alternate translation: “will completely triumph over their enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" cổng "" đại diện cho toàn thành phố. "" Chiếm lấy cửa thành quân nghịch "" có nghĩa là tiêu diệt kẻ thù. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Sẽ hoàn toàn chiến thắng kẻ thù "" ." +GEN 22 18 tq9d 0 General Information: The angel of Yahweh continues speaking to Abraham. Thiên sứ của Ðức Giê hô va tiếp tục phán cùng Áp ra ham. +GEN 22 18 u7dd figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord, will bless all the people living everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn ý dịch là: "" Ta, Đức Giê - hô - va, sẽ ban phước cho mọi dân ở khắp mọi nơi """ +GEN 22 18 bl9q figs-metonymy 0 nations of the earth Here “nations” stands for the people of the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Các dân - tộc "" ở đây tượng trưng cho dân các nước." +GEN 22 18 i6qx figs-metonymy 0 you have obeyed my voice Here “voice” stands for what God said. Alternate translation: “you have obeyed what I said” or “you have obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" tiếng nói "" tiêu biểu cho những gì Đức Chúa Trời phán. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Anh em đã vâng theo những gì tôi nói "" hoặc "" Anh em đã vâng theo tôi """ +GEN 22 19 eb78 figs-explicit 0 Abraham returned Only Abraham was named because he was the father, but it was implied that his son went with him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Abraham and his son went back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có Áp-ra-ham được mang tên vì ông là cha, nhưng điều đó được hàm ý là con trai ông cùng đi với ông. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Áp - ra - ham và con trai ông trở về """ +GEN 22 19 vx4h 0 young men “servants” """ Đầy tớ """ +GEN 22 19 e1ck 0 they departed “they left that place” """ Họ đã rời khỏi nơi đó """ +GEN 22 19 v5yw figs-explicit 0 he lived at Beersheba Only Abraham was mentioned because he was the leader of his family and servants, but it was implied that they were with him. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Abraham and his people stayed in Beersheba” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có Áp-ra-ham được kể đến vì ông là lãnh tụ của gia đình và các tôi tớ của ông, nhưng điều đó được hàm ý rằng họ đã ở với ông. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Áp - ra - ham và dân sự ở lại Bê - e - Sê - ba """ +GEN 22 20 hai9 writing-newevent 0 It came about after these things “After these events.” The phrase “these things” refers to the events of Genesis 22:1-19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Sau những sự kiện này. "" +Cụm từ "" các việc ấy "" ám chỉ những biến cố nơi Sáng - thế Ký 22: 1 - 19." +GEN 22 20 u5ru figs-activepassive 0 Abraham was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Có người nói với Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 22 20 a222 0 Milkah has borne children, as well “Milkah has also borne children” """ Milkah cũng sinh con """ +GEN 22 20 i8qv translate-names 0 Milkah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 22 21 hd5y 0 They were Uz his firstborn, Buz his brother “The name of his firstborn was Uz, and the names of the rest of his children were Buz his brother” """ Tên con đầu lòng là Út - xơ; các con trai khác là Bu - xơ, em người """ +GEN 22 21 xm6k translate-names 0 Uz…Buz…Kemuel…Aram These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these except Aram are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy dịch câu này để thấy rõ rằng tất cả những người này, ngoại trừ người Aram, đều là con trai của Nahor và Milkah. +GEN 22 22 qg5a translate-names 0 Kesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these are the sons of Nahor and Milkah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy dịch câu này để cho rõ ràng rằng tất cả những người này đều là con trai của Na - cô và Mi - ca. +GEN 22 23 h2fe 0 Bethuel became the father of Rebekah “Later Bethel became the father of Rebekah” """ Bê - tên về sau sanh Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 22 23 xue2 0 These were the eight children that Milkah bore to Nahor, Abraham’s brother “These were the eight children of Milkah and Nahor, Abraham’s brother.” This refers to the children that were listed in [Genesis 22:21-22](./21.md). """ Nầy là tám người con của Mi - ca và Na - cô, em của Áp - ra - ham "" . Điều này ám chỉ những người con được liệt kê nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 21 - 22 ] ( / 21.MD ) ." +GEN 22 24 v3k2 0 His concubine “Nahor’s concubine” """ Vợ bé của Na - cô """ +GEN 22 24 td3e translate-names 0 Reumah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 22 24 uvx4 0 also bore “also gave birth to” """ Cũng đã sanh ra """ +GEN 22 24 km7f translate-names 0 Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 23 intro m5kz 0 # Genesis 23 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abraham’s character
Abraham’s interaction with the people show that he was greatly respected. This would have been unusual for a foreigner and indicates that Abraham was a man of great character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Burial
Burial was a common practice when Abraham lived, but only the wealthy were able to bury their dead relatives in this way. "Sáng thế ký 23 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Tính cách của Áp-ra-ham +Sự tương tác của Áp-ra-ham với dân sự cho thấy rằng ông rất được tôn trọng. Điều này có lẽ là bất thường đối với một người ngoại bang và cho thấy rằng Áp-ra-ham là một người có tính cách vĩ đại. Điều này có lẽ là bất thường đối với một người ngoại bang và cho thấy rằng Áp-ra-ham là một người có tính cách vĩ đại. Chôn cất là một tập tục phổ biến khi Áp-ra-ham còn sống, nhưng chỉ những người giàu có mới có thể chôn cất những bà con quá cố của họ theo cách này." +GEN 23 1 by7k translate-numbers 0 Sarah lived a hundred and twenty-seven years “Sarah lived 127 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Sa - ra hưởng thọ 127 tuổi """ +GEN 23 1 dq7c figs-doublet 0 These were the years of the life of Sarah Some translations do not include this sentence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) Một số bản dịch không đưa câu này vào. +GEN 23 2 bm76 translate-names 0 Kiriath Arba This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một thành phố. +GEN 23 2 dik9 0 Abraham mourned and wept for Sarah “Abraham was very sad and cried because Sarah died” """ Áp-ra-ham rất buồn và khóc vì Sa-ra qua đời """ +GEN 23 3 r87x 0 rose up and went from his dead wife “got up and left his wife’s body” """ chỗi dậy, lìa bỏ thân thể vợ mình """ +GEN 23 3 n5za translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” or “the Hittites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Con cháu họ Hếch "" hoặc "" Người Hê - tít """ +GEN 23 4 tg1d 0 among you This idea may be expressed in terms of location. “in your country” or “here” "Ý tưởng này có thể được diễn đạt dưới dạng địa điểm. "" In your country "" hay "" here """ +GEN 23 4 llx2 0 Please grant me a property “Sell me some land” or “Allow me to buy a piece of land” """ Bán cho tôi một ít đất "" hay "" cho phép tôi mua một miếng đất """ +GEN 23 4 ehx7 figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as an adjective or a verb. Alternate translation: “my dead wife” or “my wife who has died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" dead "" chết có thể được xác định là một tính từ hoặc một động từ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vợ tôi đã chết "" hoặc "" Vợ tôi đã chết """ +GEN 23 5 w3ln translate-names 0 The sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “The descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 23 6 s243 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. Cụm từ nầy được sử dụng để tỏ ra sự kính trọng đối với Ápraham. +GEN 23 6 z2xn figs-idiom 0 a prince of God This is an idiom. This probably means “a powerful man” or “a mighty leader.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ. Đây có lẽ có nghĩa là "" một người có quyền lực "" hoặc "" một người lãnh đạo mạnh mẽ "" ." +GEN 23 6 l6my figs-nominaladj 0 your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “your wife who has died” or “your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" chết "" có thể được gọi là động từ hoặc đơn giản là "" vợ "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vợ ngươi đã chết "" hoặc "" Vợ ngươi """ +GEN 23 6 rh4j 0 the choicest of our tombs “the best of our burial places” """ Nơi chôn cất tốt nhất của chúng tôi """ +GEN 23 6 u2pe 0 refuse you his tomb “withhold his burial place from you” or “refuse to give to you his tomb” """ Hãy giữ lại nơi mộ của người "" hoặc "" Đừng cho người mộ của người """ +GEN 23 7 h7w7 writing-symlanguage 0 bowed down This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) Điều này có nghĩa là cúi mình hoặc quì xuống thật thấp để tỏ lòng tôn kính và kính trọng một người nào đó. +GEN 23 7 yw6s 0 to the people of the land, to the sons of Heth “to the sons of Heth who lived in the area” """ Cho dân họ Hếch ở trong xứ """ +GEN 23 7 qnd5 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 23 8 z68i figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “my wife who has died” or “my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" chết "" có thể được gọi là động từ hoặc đơn giản là "" vợ "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vợ tôi đã chết "" hoặc "" Vợ tôi """ +GEN 23 8 c9j3 translate-names 0 Ephron…Zohar These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 23 9 t978 0 the cave of Machpelah, which he owns, which is at the end of his field “his cave that is at the end of his field in Machpelah” """ Hang đá ở cuối đồng ruộng Ngài tại Mặc - bê - la """ +GEN 23 9 h3f7 translate-names 0 the cave of Machpelah “the cave in Machpela.” Machpela was the name of an area or region. Ephron owned a field in Machpela and the cave that was in the field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Cái hang ở Machpela. "" +Machpela là tên một khu vực hay một vùng. Ép-rôn sở hữu một cánh đồng ở Mặcbê-la và một hang đá trong đồng." +GEN 23 9 n9as figs-distinguish 0 which he owns This tells something about the cave. Ephron owned the cave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) Điều này nói lên điều gì đó về cái hang. Ephron sở hữu cái hang. +GEN 23 9 e8mr figs-distinguish 0 which is at the end of his field This also tells something about the cave. The cave was at the end of Ephron’s field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) Điều này cũng nói lên điều gì đó về cái hang. Hang động nằm ở cuối đồng ruộng của Ép - rôn. +GEN 23 9 xw6j 0 sell it to me publicly “sell it to me in front of you all” or “sell it to me in your presence” """ Hãy bán nó cho tôi trước mặt tất cả các người "" hay "" Hãy bán nó cho tôi trước mặt các người """ +GEN 23 9 h1qr 0 as a property “as a piece of land that I may own and use” """ Như một miếng đất mà tôi có thể sở hữu và sử dụng """ +GEN 23 10 idb1 writing-background 0 Now Ephron was sitting among the sons of Heth Here “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Ephron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Ở đây "" bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Ép-rôn." +GEN 23 10 w16a translate-names 0 Ephron This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 8 ] . +GEN 23 10 qat3 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 23 10 pmj4 figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the sons of Heth The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening.” Alternate translation: “so that all the sons of Heth could hear him” or “while all the sons of Heth were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" nghe "" có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng "" nghe "" hoặc "" lắng nghe "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" hầu cho hết thảy dân họ Hếch đều có thể nghe Ngài "" hoặc "" trong khi hết thảy dân họ Hếch đều lắng nghe """ +GEN 23 10 yq1p figs-distinguish 0 all those who had come into the gate of his city This tells which sons of Heth were listening. Alternate translation: “all those who had gathered at the gate of his city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) "Điều này cho biết những đứa con nào của Heth đang lắng nghe. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tất cả những người đã nhóm lại tại cửa thành Ngài """ +GEN 23 10 v5hh 0 gate of his city The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important decisions. Cổng thành là nơi các lãnh đạo của thành sẽ họp lại để đưa ra những quyết định quan trọng. +GEN 23 10 juf1 0 his city “the city where he lived.” This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. """ Thành phố nơi ông ta sống. "" +Cụm từ này cho thấy Ép-rôn thuộc về thành phố đó. Điều đó không có nghĩa là ông sở hữu nó." +GEN 23 11 t9j5 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. Cụm từ nầy được sử dụng để tỏ ra sự kính trọng đối với Ápraham. +GEN 23 11 zt96 figs-metonymy 0 in the presence of the sons of my people Here “presence” stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate translation: “with my fellow countrymen as my witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" sự hiện diện "" tượng trưng cho những người làm chứng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Với những người đồng hương là nhân chứng của tôi """ +GEN 23 11 td9w 0 sons of my people This means “my fellow countrymen” or “my fellow Hittites” "Điều này có nghĩa là "" đồng bào của tôi "" hoặc "" đồng bào Hittites của tôi """ +GEN 23 11 zdp4 0 my people This phrase shows that Ephron was part of that group of people. It does not mean that he was their leader. Cụm từ này cho thấy rằng Ép-rôn là một phần của nhóm người đó. Điều đó không có nghĩa ông là người lãnh đạo của họ. +GEN 23 11 eq11 0 I give it to you to bury your dead “I give it to you. Bury your dead” """ Tôi đưa nó cho anh. Hãy chôn người chết của các ngươi """ +GEN 23 11 d3q4 figs-nominaladj 0 your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “your wife who has died” or “your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" chết "" có thể được gọi là động từ hoặc đơn giản là "" vợ "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vợ ngươi đã chết "" hoặc "" Vợ ngươi """ +GEN 23 12 sv7w writing-symlanguage 0 bowed himself down This means to bend over or kneel down very low to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]]) Điều này có nghĩa là cúi mình hoặc quì xuống thật thấp để tỏ lòng tôn kính và kính trọng một người nào đó. +GEN 23 12 g1ce 0 people of the land “people who lived in that area” """ Những người sống trong khu vực đó """ +GEN 23 13 s7vm figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the people of the land The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening” Alternate translation: “so that the people who lived in the area could hear” or “while the people who lived in the area were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự nghe "" có thể được phát biểu là "" nghe "" hoặc "" lắng nghe "" xen kẽ dịch là: "" để những người sống trong khu vực có thể nghe được "" hoặc "" trong khi những người sống trong khu vực đang lắng nghe """ +GEN 23 13 d4k3 0 But if you are willing "The word “but” shows a contrast. Ephron wanted to give the field to Abraham; Abraham wanted to pay for it. Alternate translation: “No, but if you are willing” or “No, but if you agree with this”" "Chữ "" nhưng "" cho thấy một sự tương phản. Ép-rôn muốn ban cánh đồng cho Áp-ra-ham, Áp-ra-ham muốn trả tiền cho nó. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Không, nhưng nếu bạn sẵn lòng "" hoặc "" Không, nhưng nếu bạn đồng ý với điều này """ +GEN 23 13 t89n 0 I will pay for the field “I will give you money for the field” """ Ta sẽ cho các ngươi tiền bạc để làm ruộng """ +GEN 23 13 xai6 figs-nominaladj 0 my dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “my wife who has died” or “my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" chết "" có thể được gọi là động từ hoặc đơn giản là "" vợ "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vợ tôi đã chết "" hoặc "" Vợ tôi """ +GEN 23 14 i9a7 translate-names 0 Ephron This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 8 ] . +GEN 23 15 a9gk 0 Please, my master, listen to me “Hear me, my master” or “Listen to me, kind sir” """ Hãy nghe tôi, thưa ông chủ "" hay "" Hãy nghe tôi, thưa ông tử tế """ +GEN 23 15 a6wp 0 my master This phrase is used to show respect to Abraham. Cụm từ nầy được sử dụng để tỏ ra sự kính trọng đối với Ápraham. +GEN 23 15 v7ic figs-rquestion 0 A piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver, what is that between me and you? Ephron meant that since he and Abraham were both so wealthy, 400 pieces of silver was a small amount. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The piece of land is worth only four hundred shekels of silver. For you and me, that is nothing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Ép-rôn có ý nói rằng vì ông và Áp-ra-ham đều rất giàu có, 400 miếng bạc là một số tiền nhỏ. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản khác dịch: "" Miếng đất chỉ đáng giá 400 siếc - lơ bạc. Đối với bạn và tôi, đó chẳng là gì cả "" ." +GEN 23 15 pl1v translate-bweight 0 four hundred shekels of silver This is about 4.5 kilograms of silver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) Đây là khoảng 4,5 kg bạc. +GEN 23 15 vh1v translate-numbers 0 four hundred “400” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 400 """ +GEN 23 15 v5rr figs-nominaladj 0 Bury your dead The nominal adjective “dead” can be stated as a verb or simply as “wife.” Alternate translation: “Go bury your wife who has died” or “Go bury your wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) "Tính từ danh nghĩa "" chết "" có thể được gọi là động từ hoặc đơn giản là "" vợ "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hãy đi chôn vợ bạn đã chết "" hoặc "" Hãy đi chôn vợ bạn "" ." +GEN 23 16 bu12 0 Abraham weighed out to Ephron the amount of silver “Abraham weighed the silver and gave Ephron the amount” or “Abraham counted out to Ephron the amount of silver” """ Áp - ra - ham bèn cân bạc, giao cho Ép - rôn một lượng "" hoặc "" Áp - ra - ham lấy bạc đếm cho Ép - rôn """ +GEN 23 16 af6q 0 the amount of silver that he had spoken “the amount of silver that Ephron had said” """ Lượng bạc mà Ephron đã nói. . . """ +GEN 23 16 k56n figs-abstractnouns 0 in the hearing of the sons of Heth The abstract noun “the hearing” can be stated as “hear” or “listening.” Alternate translation: “so that all the sons of Heth could hear him” or “while all the sons of Heth were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" nghe "" có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng "" nghe "" hoặc "" lắng nghe "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" hầu cho hết thảy dân họ Hếch đều có thể nghe Ngài "" hoặc "" trong khi hết thảy dân họ Hếch đều lắng nghe """ +GEN 23 16 n255 translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 23 16 z85u 0 according to the standard measurement of the merchants “using the standard measurement of weight that merchants used.” This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “He weighed the silver the same way that the merchants used to weigh it” """ Sử dụng phép đo tiêu chuẩn về trọng lượng mà các thương gia đã sử dụng. "" +Điều này có thể được phát biểu như một câu mới. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông cân bạc theo cách mà các nhà buôn dùng để cân bạc """ +GEN 23 17 tt9e translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpela was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Machpela là tên của một khu vực hoặc khu vực. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 9 ] . +GEN 23 17 x6jb translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của thành Hếp - rôn. Có thể nó được đặt theo tên của Mam - rê, bạn của Áp - ra - ham sống ở đó. +GEN 23 17 ia83 0 that is, the field, the cave that was in it, and all the trees This phrase explains what the author meant when he wrote “the field of Ephron.” It was not only the field, but also the cave and trees in the field. "Nhóm từ này giải thích điều tác giả muốn nói khi ông viết "" đồng ép-rôn "" . Đó không chỉ là đồng ruộng, nhưng cũng là hang đá và cây cối trong đồng ruộng." +GEN 23 17 d6s8 0 passed “became property that belonged” """ Đã trở nên tài sản thuộc về """ +GEN 23 18 lsx4 0 to Abraham by purchase These words complete the idea that begins with the word “passed” in verse 17. “became Abraham’s possession when he purchased it” or “belonged to Abraham after he bought it” "Những lời này hoàn chỉnh ý tưởng bắt đầu với từ "" đã qua "" trong câu 17. "" Trở nên sản nghiệp của Áp-ra-ham khi người mua "" hoặc "" thuộc về Áp-ra-ham sau khi người mua """ +GEN 23 18 cr5r figs-metonymy 0 in the presence of the sons of Heth Here “presence” stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate translation: “with the people of Heth watching as witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" sự hiện diện "" tượng trưng cho những người làm chứng. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Với dân họ Heth đang chứng kiến """ +GEN 23 18 n2pe translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 23 18 g8u6 figs-distinguish 0 all those who had come into the gate of his city This tells which sons of Heth saw Abraham buy the property. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:10](../23/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]]) Điều này cho biết những con trai của họ Hếch nào đã thấy Ápraham mua tài sản. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 10 ] . +GEN 23 18 ygu6 0 gate of his city The city gate was where the leaders of the city would meet to make important decisions. Cổng thành là nơi các lãnh đạo của thành sẽ họp lại để đưa ra những quyết định quan trọng. +GEN 23 18 e2hk 0 his city “the city where he lived.” This phrase shows that Ephron belonged to that city. It does not mean that he owned it. """ Thành phố nơi ông ta sống. "" +Cụm từ này cho thấy Ép-rôn thuộc về thành phố đó. Điều đó không có nghĩa là ông sở hữu nó." +GEN 23 19 ekx3 0 After this “After he bought the field” """ Sau khi ngài mua đám ruộng """ +GEN 23 19 fv26 0 the cave of the field “the cave in the field” """ Cái hang trong đồng """ +GEN 23 19 b38v 0 the field of Machpelah “the field in Machpelah” """ Đồng ruộng ở mặc - bê - la """ +GEN 23 19 ey3f 0 that is, Hebron Possible meanings are (1) Mamre was another name for Hebron or (2) Hebron was formerly called Mamre or (3) Mamre was very near the larger city of Hebron, so people usually called it Hebron. Các ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) mamre là một tên gọi khác của Hebron hoặc ( 2 ) Hebron trước đây được gọi là Mamre hoặc ( 3 ) Mamre rất gần thành phố lớn Hebron, vì vậy người ta thường gọi nó là Hebron. +GEN 23 20 cs4e 0 passed to Abraham as a property for a burial place from the sons of Heth “became Abraham’s property for a burial ground when he bought it from the sons of Heth” """ Khi mua lại nơi chôn cất của dân họ Hếch, Áp - ra - ham trở thành tài sản của họ """ +GEN 23 20 fx6q translate-names 0 the sons of Heth Here “sons” stands for those who descended from Heth. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:3](../23/03.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Heth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Con trai "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người đến từ Heth. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 3 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 24 intro t2cz 0 # Genesis 24 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:60.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Intermarriage

Abraham would not allow his son to marry anyone from the people of Canaan. This is because it would cause his son to worship other gods. Intermarriage and worshiping false gods are things that frequently caused Abraham’s descendants to struggle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])

### Abraham’s wealth

There are many instances recorded in this chapter which highlight Abraham’s significant wealth. He owned more than 10 camels and had large amounts of gold.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “Put your hand under my thigh”

Many scholars believe this is a euphemism. Putting one’s hand on a man’s genitals was a way to make an important oath. It represented power and progeny. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Sáng thế ký 24 ghi chú +Structure and Formatting +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với khổ thơ trong 24: 60. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Hôn nhân khác chủng tộc +Áp-ra-ham sẽ không cho phép con trai ông cưới bất cứ ai từ dân Ca-na-an. Đó là vì con trai ông thờ phượng các thần khác. Việc kết hôn với người khác và thờ các thần giả là những điều thường khiến con cháu của Áp - ra - ham gặp khó khăn. CỦA CẢI CỦA ÁP - RA - HAM +Có nhiều trường hợp được ghi lại trong chương này làm nổi bật sự giàu có quan trọng của Áp-ra-ham. Ông sở hữu hơn 10 con lạc đà và có nhiều vàng. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Đặt tay ngươi dưới đùi ta "" +Nhiều học giả tin rằng đây là một uyển ngữ. Đặt tay lên bộ phận sinh dục của một người là một cách để thực hiện một lời thề quan trọng. Nó đại diện cho quyền lực và con cháu." +GEN 24 1 swv5 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một chỗ đứt đoạn trong dòng câu chuyện chính. Ở đây tác giả bắt đầu kể một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 24 2 ebr3 translate-symaction 0 Put your hand under my thigh Abraham was about to ask the servant to swear to do something. Putting his hand under Abraham’s thigh would show that he would certainly do what he would swear to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Ápraham sắp sửa yêu cầu người tôi tớ thề sẽ làm một việc gì đó. Để tay dưới đùi Áp - ra - ham sẽ cho thấy ông chắc chắn sẽ làm điều mà ông hứa sẽ làm. +GEN 24 3 f2nf figs-imperative 0 I will make you swear This can be expressed as a command. Alternate translation: “swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Điều nầy có thể được diễn tả như một mạng lịnh. Dịch thay thế: "" Thề """ +GEN 24 3 a7dx 0 swear by Yahweh The term “swear by” means to use the name of something or someone as the basis or power on which the oath is made. “promise me with Yahweh as your witness” "Thuật ngữ "" chỉ một lời thề "" có nghĩa là sử dụng tên của một điều gì đó hoặc ai đó làm cơ sở hoặc sức mạnh để thực hiện lời thề. "" Hãy lấy Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời ngươi mà làm chứng cho ngươi """ +GEN 24 3 hip1 figs-merism 0 the God of heaven and the God of the earth “the God of heaven and earth.” The words “heaven” and “earth” are used together to mean every thing that God created. Alternate translation: “the God of everything in heaven and earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) """ Chúa của trời và đất. "" +Những từ "" trời "" và "" đất "" được dùng chung với nhau để có nghĩa là mọi vật mà Đức Chúa Trời đã dựng nên. Dịch thay thế: "" Đức Chúa Trời của mọi vật trên trời và dưới đất """ +GEN 24 3 ren6 0 heaven This refers to the place where God lives. Điều này ám chỉ nơi ở của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 24 3 v2r5 0 from the daughters of the Canaanites “from the Canaanite women” or “from the Canaanites.” This refers to Canaanite females. """ Từ những người đàn bà Ca - na - an "" hoặc "" từ dân Ca - na - an "" . Điều này ám chỉ những người nữ Ca - na - an." +GEN 24 3 i3p4 figs-synecdoche 0 among whom I make my home “among whom I live.” Here, “I” stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: “among whom we live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Giữa những người tôi đang sống. "" +Ở đây, "" Ta "" là đại diện cho Áp-ra-ham và toàn thể gia đình cùng các tôi tớ của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chúng ta sống giữa họ """ +GEN 24 4 a5wn figs-imperative 0 But you will go This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “Swear that you will go” or “But go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu như một mệnh lệnh. Có thể dịch là: "" Hãy thề là bạn sẽ đi "" hoặc "" Nhưng hãy đi """ +GEN 24 4 s3ne 0 my relatives “my family” """ Gia đình tôi """ +GEN 24 5 qpu6 0 What if “What should I do if” """ Tôi nên làm gì nếu """ +GEN 24 5 wkn5 0 will not be willing to follow me “will not follow me” or “refuses to come back with me” """ Sẽ không theo ta "" hoặc "" Không chịu trở lại cùng ta """ +GEN 24 5 b9nk 0 Must I take your son back to the land from which you came “Should I take you son to live in the land from which you came” """ Ta há nên đem các ngươi đi khỏi xứ mà các ngươi đã đến sao? """ +GEN 24 6 g1bh 0 Make sure that you do not take my son back there The phrase “Make sure” emphasizes the command that follows. “Be careful not to take my son back there” or “You definitely must not take my son there” "Cụm từ "" biết chắc "" nhấn mạnh mạng lệnh tiếp theo sau đó. "" Hãy giữ, đừng đem con trai ta về đó "" hoặc "" con nhất định không được đem con trai ta về đó """ +GEN 24 7 b2tf figs-metonymy 0 who took me from my father’s house Here “house” stands for the people in his family. Alternate translation: “who took me from my father and the rest of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của những người trong gia đình ông. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Người đã đem tôi đi khỏi cha tôi và những người còn lại trong gia đình tôi """ +GEN 24 7 rg6g 0 promised me with a solemn oath “swore an oath to me” """ Đã thề cùng ta """ +GEN 24 7 ar65 figs-quotesinquotes 0 saying, ‘To your offspring I will give this land,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that he would give this land to my offspring” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Nói rằng Ngài sẽ ban vùng đất này cho con cháu tôi """ +GEN 24 7 a25j 0 he will send his angel The words “he” and “his” refer to Yahweh. "Những chữ "" Ngài "" và "" Ngài "" ám chỉ Đức Giê-hô-va." +GEN 24 8 w9ll 0 General Information: Verse 8 is a continuation of the instructions Abraham gave his servant. Câu 8 là một sự tiếp nối của những lời chỉ dẫn Áp-ra-ham đã ban cho tôi tớ ông. +GEN 24 8 j773 figs-hypo 0 But if the woman is not willing to follow you “But if the woman refuses to come with you.” Abraham was answering the servant’s question from [Genesis 24:5](../24/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) """ Nhưng nếu người phụ nữ đó từ chối đi cùng anh. "" +Ápraham đang trả lời câu hỏi của người đầy tớ từ [ Sáng Thế Ký 24: 5 ] ." +GEN 24 8 q3gy figs-metaphor 0 you will be free from this oath of mine “you will be released from the oath you made to me.” Not having to fulfill an oath is spoken of as if the person is free from an object to which he was bound. Alternate translation: “you will not have to do what you swore to me that you would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) """ Ngươi sẽ được giải thoát khỏi lời thề ngươi đã lập với ta. "" +Không cần phải thực hiện một lời thề được nói đến như thể người đó được giải thoát khỏi một đối tượng mà người đó đã bị trói buộc vào. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ngươi sẽ không phải làm điều ngươi đã thề với ta là ngươi sẽ làm """ +GEN 24 9 tty4 translate-symaction 0 put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master This was to show that he would certainly do what he was swearing to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Điều này cho thấy ông chắc chắn sẽ làm điều mà ông đã thề sẽ làm. +GEN 24 9 lt8g 0 swore to him “made an oath to him” """ Đã thề - nguyện cùng Ngài """ +GEN 24 9 k6wb 0 concerning this matter “concerning Abraham’s request” or “that he would do what Abraham said” """ Về lời nài xin của Áp-ra-ham "" hoặc "" rằng Ngài sẽ làm điều Áp-ra-ham đã nói """ +GEN 24 10 qz3v 0 departed. He also took The sentence starting with “He also took” gives additional information about what the servant took with him on the journey. He gathered them before he departed. "Câu bắt đầu bằng "" Ngài cũng lấy "" cho biết thêm thông tin về những gì Người Đầy Tớ đã đem theo với Ngài trong chuyến hành trình. Ông đã tập hợp họ lại trước khi lên đường." +GEN 24 10 t2ji 0 He also took with him all kinds of gifts from his master This means he also took many good things that his master wanted to give to the woman’s family. Điều này có nghĩa là ông cũng lấy nhiều điều tốt mà chủ mình muốn ban cho gia đình người đàn bà. +GEN 24 10 yq2h 0 departed and went “set out and went” or “he left and went” """ Lên đường và đi "" hay "" Ngài đi và đi """ +GEN 24 10 nmn4 translate-names 0 the city of Nahor Possible meanings are (1) the city where Nahor lived” or (2) “the city called Nahor.” If you can translate it without choosing a meaning, do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) thành phố nơi Na - cô sống "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" thành phố có tên là Na - cô "" . Nếu bạn có thể dịch câu này mà không cần chọn ý nghĩa, hãy làm thế." +GEN 24 11 x8ge 0 He made the camels kneel down Camels are tall animals with long legs. He made them bend their legs and lower their bodies to the ground. “He made the camels lie down” "Lạc đà là loài vật cao lớn có chân dài. Ông đã làm cho họ uốn cong chân của họ và hạ thấp cơ thể của họ xuống mặt đất. "" Ngài khiến lạc đà nằm xuống """ +GEN 24 11 c8xs 0 well of water “water well” or “well” """ Giếng nước "" hay "" giếng """ +GEN 24 11 n18k 0 draw water “get water” """ Lấy nước """ +GEN 24 12 tp8i 0 Then he said “Then the servant said” """ Rồi đầy tớ thưa rằng """ +GEN 24 12 yyj6 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 grant me success today and show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham You can state this with the connecting word “by.” This makes clear how the servant wants God to show covenant faithfulness. Alternate translation: “Show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham by granting me success today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Bạn có thể phát biểu điều này với từ kết nối "" by "" . Điều này cho thấy rõ cách người hầu việc Chúa muốn Đức Chúa Trời thể hiện sự trung tín giao ước. Dịch cách khác: "" Chứng tỏ sự trung tín giao ước với chủ Áp-ra-ham của tôi bằng cách ban cho tôi thành công hôm nay """ +GEN 24 12 i9ac figs-abstractnouns 0 grant me success “give me success.” The servant wanted to find a good wife for Abraham’s son. The abstract noun “success” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “help me to succeed” or “make me able to do what I have come here to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) """ Hãy cho tôi thành công. "" +Người đầy tớ muốn tìm một người vợ tốt cho con trai của Ápraham. Danh từ trừu tượng "" thành công "" có thể được dùng như một động từ. Có thể dịch là: "" Hãy giúp tôi thành công "" hoặc "" Hãy giúp tôi có thể làm công việc mà tôi đến đây để làm """ +GEN 24 12 n4s6 figs-abstractnouns 0 show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “be faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham” or “be faithful to my master Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự trung tín "" có thể được nói là "" sự trung tín. "" +Dịch cách khác: "" Hãy trung tín với giao ước ngươi đã lập với chủ Áp-ra-ham ta "" hoặc "" Hãy trung tín với chủ Áp-ra-ham ta """ +GEN 24 13 b9wq 0 Look, here I am standing “You can see me standing here” """ Bạn có thể thấy tôi đang đứng đây """ +GEN 24 13 y2ut 0 the spring of water “the spring” or “the well” """ Dòng suối "" hay "" cái giếng """ +GEN 24 13 v4y7 0 the daughters of the men of the city “the young women of the city” """ Những người nữ trong thành """ +GEN 24 14 xg68 0 Let it happen like this “Let it happen this way” or “Make this happen” """ Hãy để nó xảy ra theo cách này "" hay "" hãy để nó xảy ra """ +GEN 24 14 uy2f figs-quotesinquotes 0 When I say to a young woman, ‘Please lower your pitcher so that I may drink,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. This can be expressed with an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “When I ask a young woman to let me have a drink of water from her jar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Điều này có thể được diễn đạt bằng một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Khi tôi yêu cầu một phụ nữ trẻ cho tôi một cốc nước """ +GEN 24 14 z6kj 0 Please lower your pitcher The women carried the pitchers on their shoulder. She would have to lower it to give the man a drink. Những người phụ nữ mang bình nước trên vai. Bà phải hạ bình nước xuống để cho người đàn ông uống. +GEN 24 14 khg5 0 pitcher a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids Một cái bình cỡ vừa làm bằng đất sét dùng để đựng và đổ chất lỏng +GEN 24 14 je9p figs-abstractnouns 0 that you have shown covenant faithfulness to my master The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “been faithful.” Alternate translation: “that you have been faithful to the covenant you have with my master Abraham” or “you have been faithful to my master Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự trung tín "" có thể được nói là "" sự trung tín. "" +Có thể dịch là: "" Ngươi trung thành với giao ước đã lập với chủ Áp - ra - ham của ta "" hoặc "" ngươi trung thành với chủ Áp - ra - ham của ta "" ." +GEN 24 15 td2g 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu nơi hành động bắt đầu. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 24 15 jq3w 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 24 15 fm5s 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). Đây là một cái bình cỡ trung bình làm bằng đất sét dùng để đựng và đổ chất lỏng. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 14 ] . +GEN 24 15 y3qz 0 Rebekah was born to Bethuel son of Milkah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham’s brother “Rebekah’s father was Bethuel. Bethuel’s parents were Milkah and Nahor. Nahor was Abraham’s brother” """ Cha của Rebekah là Bethuel. Cha mẹ của Bê - tu - ên là Mi - ca và Na - cô. Na - cô là anh của Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 24 15 y6za translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Bê-tu-ên là cha của Rê-bê-ca. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 22 ] . +GEN 24 15 y7ld translate-names 0 Nahor This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 11:22](../11/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên ông [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 22 ] . +GEN 24 15 xmc5 translate-names 0 Milkah Milkah was Nahor’s wife and Bethuel’s mother. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 11:29](../11/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Milkah là vợ của Nahor và là mẹ của Bethuel. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 11: 29 ] . +GEN 24 16 s6tm 0 She went down to the spring…and came up The spring was somewhere lower in elevation than where the servant was standing. Dòng suối ở một nơi nào đó thấp hơn so với chỗ người đầy tớ đang đứng. +GEN 24 17 lng1 0 to meet her “to meet the young woman” """ Để gặp người nữ đồng trinh """ +GEN 24 17 hb32 0 a little drink of water “a little water” """ Một chút nước """ +GEN 24 17 tiz4 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). Đây là một cái bình cỡ trung bình làm bằng đất sét dùng để đựng và đổ chất lỏng. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 14 ] . +GEN 24 18 dr38 0 my master “sir.” Here the woman uses this term of respect to refer to the man, though she is not his slave. """ Thưa ngài. "" +Ở đây người phụ nữ dùng từ ngữ tôn trọng này để chỉ người đàn ông, mặc dù cô không phải là nô lệ của anh ta." +GEN 24 18 h8xp 0 she quickly let down her pitcher on her hand “she quickly lowered her pitcher.” She was carrying the pitcher on her shoulder. She had to lower it to get water for the servant. """ Cô ấy nhanh chóng hạ bình nước xuống. "" +Cô ấy đang vác bình nước trên vai. Cô đã phải hạ thấp nó để có được nước cho người đầy tớ." +GEN 24 19 jg5k 0 I will draw water “I will get water” """ Tôi sẽ lấy nước lại """ +GEN 24 20 n27r 0 So she hurried and emptied her pitcher “So she quickly emptied her pitcher” """ Vì vậy, cô nhanh chóng đổ hết bình nước """ +GEN 24 20 pkk9 0 the trough “the animals’ water trough.” A trough is a long open container for holding water for animals to drink. """ Cái máng nước của lũ súc vật. "" +Máng nước là một cái thùng để mở, đựng nước cho súc vật uống." +GEN 24 21 ui6c 0 The man “The servant” """ Đầy - tớ """ +GEN 24 21 q4p6 0 watched her “watched Rebekah” or “watched the young woman” """ Quan sát Rê - bê - ca "" hoặc "" quan sát thiếu nữ """ +GEN 24 21 b11e figs-metaphor 0 to see Learning something is often spoken of as if it were seeing. Alternate translation: “to know” or “to determine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Học một điều gì đó thường được nói đến như thể nó được nhìn thấy. Một bản dịch khác: "" Biết "" hoặc "" Xác định """ +GEN 24 21 i3b2 figs-explicit 0 had prospered his journey “had fulfilled the purpose of his journey” or “had made his journey successful.” You can make explicit what specifically the servant was trying to determine. Alternate translation: “was showing him the woman who would become Isaac’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Đã hoàn thành mục đích của cuộc hành trình "" hay "" đã thành công trong cuộc hành trình "" . Bạn có thể làm rõ điều mà người đầy tớ đang cố gắng xác định. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chỉ cho Y - sác thấy người đàn bà sẽ trở thành vợ Y - sác """ +GEN 24 21 x4zm figs-ellipsis 0 or not You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “or not prospered his journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Bạn có thể nói rõ ràng những thông tin đã được hiểu. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" hoặc không thành công trong cuộc hành trình """ +GEN 24 22 slf4 translate-bweight 0 a gold nose ring weighing half a shekel “a gold nose ring that weighed six grams.” The weight indicates the value of the ring. Alternate translation: “an expensive gold nose ring” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) """ Một chiếc khuyên mũi bằng vàng nặng sáu gam. "" +Trọng lượng cho biết giá trị của chiếc nhẫn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Một cái khoen đeo mũi bằng vàng đắt tiền """ +GEN 24 22 w1h6 translate-bweight 0 two gold bracelets for her arms weighing ten shekels “two gold bracelets for her arms that weighed 110 grams.” The weight shows their size and value. Alternate translation: “two large gold bracelets for her arms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) """ Hai vòng vàng cho hai cánh tay nặng 110 gram. "" +Trọng lượng cho thấy kích thước và giá trị của chúng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hai cái vòng vàng lớn cho hai cánh tay """ +GEN 24 23 r4h2 0 Whose daughter are you “Who is your father” """ Cha các ngươi là ai """ +GEN 24 23 e8zs 0 is there room in your father’s house “is there a place in your father’s house” """ Có một chỗ trong nhà cha ngươi """ +GEN 24 23 vu7b figs-exclusive 0 for us Apparently other men went on this journey with Abraham’s servant. Here “us” refers to the servant and those traveling with him, but not to those to whom he was speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Rõ ràng những người khác đã đi trên cuộc hành trình này với tôi tớ của Áp-ra-ham. Ở đây "" chúng ta "" nói đến người đầy tớ và những người cùng đi với ông, nhưng không nói đến những người mà ông đang nói chuyện." +GEN 24 23 ij83 0 to spend the night “to stay tonight” or “to stay for the night” """ Ở lại đêm nay "" hay "" ở lại đêm nay """ +GEN 24 24 qx3y 0 She said “Rebekah said” or “the young woman said” """ Rêbeca nói "" hay "" thiếu nữ nói """ +GEN 24 24 h5cc 0 to him “to the servant” """ Cho đầy - tớ """ +GEN 24 24 tu27 0 I am the daughter of Bethuel son of Milkah, whom she bore to Nahor “Bethuel is my father, and his parents are Milkah and Nahor” """ Bê tu ên là cha tôi; cha mẹ người là Milkah và Nahor """ +GEN 24 25 ki2b figs-ellipsis 0 We have plenty of both straw and feed It is understood that the straw and feed are for the camels. You can make clear this understood information. Alternate translation: “We have plenty of straw and feed for the camels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Người ta hiểu rằng rơm và thức ăn là dành cho lạc đà. Bạn có thể hiểu rõ điều này. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi có nhiều rơm và thức ăn cho lạc đà """ +GEN 24 25 g1si 0 for you to spend the night “for you to stay tonight” or “where you can stay for the night” """ Để em ở lại đêm nay "" hay "" nơi em có thể ở lại đêm nay """ +GEN 24 25 j8dw figs-you 0 for you Here “you” refers to the servant and those traveling with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" ngươi "" chỉ về người đầy tớ và những người cùng đi với người." +GEN 24 26 wj5p 0 the man “the servant” """ Đầy - tớ """ +GEN 24 26 rf3n translate-symaction 0 bowed down This is a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là dấu hiệu của sự khiêm nhường trước Chúa. +GEN 24 27 pf99 figs-abstractnouns 0 has not forsaken his covenant faithfulness and his trustworthiness toward my master “has not stopped showing his covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness to my master.” The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “to be faithful and trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “has not stopped being faithful to his covenant and trustworthy toward my master” or “has not stopped being faithful and trustworthy to my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) """ Không thôi tỏ ra sự thành tín và đáng tin cậy trong giao ước của Ngài đối với chủ tôi "" . Danh từ trừu tượng "" trung tín "" và "" đáng tin cậy "" có thể được nói là "" trung tín và đáng tin cậy "" . Dịch cách khác: "" Không ngừng trung tín với giao ước Ngài và đáng tin cậy đối với chủ tôi "" hoặc "" Không ngừng trung tín và đáng tin cậy đối với chủ tôi """ +GEN 24 27 eme3 figs-litotes 0 has not forsaken This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “continues to show” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Bản dịch khác: "" Tiếp tục cho thấy """ +GEN 24 27 xfl3 0 my master’s relatives “my master’s family” or “my master’s clan” """ Gia đình chủ nhân tôi "" hay "" Bộ tộc chủ nhân tôi """ +GEN 24 28 s6bc figs-metonymy 0 ran and told her mother’s household Here “household” stands for all the people living in her mother’s house. Alternate translation: “ran to the house and told her mother and everyone there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" người nhà "" đại diện cho tất cả những người sống trong nhà mẹ nàng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chạy đến nhà và nói với mẹ em và mọi người ở đó """ +GEN 24 28 xw7q 0 all of these things “everything that had just happened” """ Mọi sự vừa mới xảy ra """ +GEN 24 29 yd93 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Rebekah. The author introduces her brother, Laban, to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một chỗ đứt đoạn trong dòng câu chuyện chính. Ở đây, tác giả cho biết thông tin về Rê - bê - ca. Tác giả giới thiệu anh của nàng, Laban, với câu chuyện. +GEN 24 30 n1zt figs-events 0 When he had seen the nose ring…and when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister These things happened before he ran out to the man. This tells why Laban ran out to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) Những điều này đã xảy ra trước khi ông chạy ra với người đàn ông. Điều nầy cho biết lý do tại sao Laban chạy ra với người nầy. +GEN 24 30 si84 figs-quotations 0 when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister, “This is what the man said to me,” This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “when he had heard his sister Rebekah tell what the man had said to her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khi chàng nghe Rê - bê - ca kể lại những gì người đàn ông đã nói với nàng """ +GEN 24 30 qav2 0 behold, he The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. “it was just as she had said: he” "Từ "" nầy "" ở đây nhấn mạnh thêm những gì xảy ra sau đó. "" Mọi điều nàng đã nói, thì đúng như lời nàng đã nói: ấy là chàng """ +GEN 24 31 w2vg 0 Come, you “Come in, you” or “Enter, you” """ Mời vào, anh "" hay "" mời vào, anh """ +GEN 24 31 rud7 0 you blessed of Yahweh “you whom Yahweh has blessed” """ Ngươi đã được Ðức Giê hô va ban phước! """ +GEN 24 31 tn1r figs-you 0 you Here the word “you” refers to Abraham’s servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây chữ "" ngươi "" ám chỉ đến người đầy tớ của Ápraham." +GEN 24 31 gk45 figs-rquestion 0 Why are you standing outside? Laban used this question to invite Abraham’s servant into his house. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not need to stay outside.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Laban đã sử dụng câu hỏi nầy để mời tôi tớ của Ápraham vào nhà mình. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch như một lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Bạn không cần phải ở bên ngoài "" ." +GEN 24 32 n6xf figs-go 0 So the man came to the house The word “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Chữ "" đã đến "" có thể được dịch là "" đã đi. """ +GEN 24 32 h7z7 figs-activepassive 0 he unloaded the camels It is not clear who did this work. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Laban’s servants unloaded the camels” or “the camels were unloaded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Không rõ ai đã làm công tác này. Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các đầy tớ của La - ban xuống khỏi lưng lạc đà "" hoặc "" những con lạc đà được xuống khỏi lưng """ +GEN 24 32 hhx8 figs-activepassive 0 The camels were given straw and feed, and water was provided This does not say who did the work. If you state this in active form use “Laban’s servants” as the subject. Alternate translation: “Laban’s servants gave straw and feed to the camels, and they provided water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này không nói ai đã làm công việc đó. Nếu bạn nêu rõ điều này dưới hình thức tích cực, hãy dùng "" các đầy tớ của La - ban "" làm đề tài. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các đầy tớ của La - ban phát rơm và thức ăn cho lạc đà, và họ cung cấp nước """ +GEN 24 32 jti6 0 to wash his feet…him “for Abraham’s servant and the men who were with him to wash their feet” """ Để cho đầy tớ của Áp - ra - ham và kẻ đi theo rửa chân """ +GEN 24 33 x4b4 0 They set Here, the word “they” refers to Laban’s family members or to the household servants. "Ở đây, từ "" họ "" đề cập đến những thành viên trong gia đình của La-ban hoặc những đầy tớ trong nhà." +GEN 24 33 th5z 0 set food before him “gave food to the servant” """ Cho đầy - tớ ăn """ +GEN 24 33 d4p6 0 said what I have to say “spoken my words” or “told you why I am here” """ Đã nói ra lời ta "" hay "" Đã cho các ngươi biết lý do ta có mặt ở đây """ +GEN 24 35 x58h 0 he has become great Here the word “he” refers to Abraham. "Ở đây chữ "" Ngài "" ám chỉ đến Ápraham." +GEN 24 35 w53i 0 become great “become very wealthy” """ Rất giàu - có """ +GEN 24 35 ff88 0 He has given The word “he” refers to Yahweh. "Chữ "" Ngài "" ám chỉ Đức Giê-hô-va." +GEN 24 36 l6kq 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 36 em4l 0 bore a son to my master “gave birth to a son” """ Sanh một con trai """ +GEN 24 36 sw5h 0 he has given…to him “my master has given…to his son” """ Chúa tôi đã ban … cho con trai Người … """ +GEN 24 37 bu75 0 My master made me swear, saying “My master made me swear that I would do what he told me to do. He said” """ Chủ của tôi bắt tôi thề rằng tôi sẽ làm những gì người bảo tôi làm. Ông nói """ +GEN 24 37 gr54 0 from the daughters of the Canaanites This refers to Canaanite females. Alternate translation: “from the Canaanite women” or “from the Canaanites” "Điều này nói đến những con cái Ca-na-an. Một bản dịch khác: "" Từ những người nữ Ca - na - an "" hoặc "" từ dân Ca - na - an """ +GEN 24 37 nd18 figs-synecdoche 0 in whose land I make my home “among whom I live.” Here, “I” stands for Abraham and all of his family and servants. Alternate translation: “among whom we live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Giữa những người tôi đang sống. "" +Ở đây, "" Ta "" là đại diện cho Áp-ra-ham và toàn thể gia đình cùng các tôi tớ của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chúng ta sống giữa họ """ +GEN 24 38 ye3t 0 to my relatives “to my own clan” """ Cho chính bộ tộc của tôi """ +GEN 24 39 pgj8 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 39 xvk8 figs-hypo 0 Perhaps the woman will not follow me. This is something that could possibly happen. Alternate translation: “What if the woman will not come back with me?” or “What should I do if the woman will not come back with me?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) "Đây là điều có thể xảy ra. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Nếu người nữ không trở lại cùng ta thì sao? "" +hoặc "" Tôi phải làm gì nếu người nữ không trở lại cùng tôi? """ +GEN 24 40 mp4m figs-metaphor 0 before whom I walk Serving Yahweh is spoken of as if Abraham were walking in Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Sự hầu việc Ðức Giê hô va được nói đến như thể Áp ra ham đang bước đi trong sự hiện diện của Ðức Giê hô va. Dịch cách khác: "" Đấng tôi hầu việc """ +GEN 24 40 uj9t 0 he will prosper your way “he will make your journey successful” """ Người sẽ làm cho cuộc hành trình của bạn thành công """ +GEN 24 40 f64z 0 family line “family” """ Gia đình """ +GEN 24 41 x3ph figs-hypo 0 But you will be free from my oath if you come to my relatives and they will not give her to you. Then you will be free from my oath This is a hypothetical situation that Abraham did not think was likely to happen. Possible meanings are (1) “There is only one way for you to be free from my oath: if you come to my relatives and they will not give her to you, then you will be free from my oath” or, (2) building on verse 40, “If you go to my father’s family and ask for a girl, you will have done what I told you to do. If they will not give her to you, then you will be free from the oath you swore to me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) "Đây là một tình huống giả định mà Áp-ra-ham đã không nghĩ là có khả năng xảy ra. Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là: "" Chỉ có một cách để ngươi được giải thoát khỏi lời thề của ta: Nếu ngươi đến cùng bà con ta và họ sẽ không cho ngươi, thì ngươi sẽ được giải thoát khỏi lời thề của ta "" hoặc, ( 2 ) xây dựng trên câu 40, "" Nếu ngươi đến cùng nhà Cha ta và xin một đứa con gái, thì ngươi sẽ làm điều ta bảo ngươi làm. Nếu họ không cho ngươi, thì ngươi sẽ thoát khỏi lời thề mà ngươi đã thề cùng ta "" ." +GEN 24 41 ijt4 figs-metaphor 0 you will be free from my oath “you will be released from the oath you made to me.” Not having to fulfill an oath is spoken of as if the person is free from an object to which he was bound. Alternate translation: “you will not have to do what you swore to me that you would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) """ Ngươi sẽ được giải thoát khỏi lời thề ngươi đã lập với ta. "" +Không cần phải thực hiện một lời thề được nói đến như thể người đó được giải thoát khỏi một đối tượng mà người đó đã bị trói buộc vào. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ngươi sẽ không phải làm điều ngươi đã thề với ta là ngươi sẽ làm """ +GEN 24 41 wll8 figs-go 0 if you come to my relatives Languages use the words come and go differently. Alternate translation: “if you arrive at my relatives’ home” or “if you go to my relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ngôn ngữ sử dụng từ đến và đi khác nhau. Dịch thay thế: "" Nếu bạn đến nhà người thân của tôi "" hoặc "" Nếu bạn đến nhà người thân của tôi """ +GEN 24 42 t1j2 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 42 m7ps 0 the spring “the well” """ Cái giếng """ +GEN 24 43 ey1m 0 let the young woman who comes…the woman to whom I say The servant goes back to stating his request. These are the first two things he has to say about the woman whom he hopes will come. Người đầy tớ trở lại trình bày yêu cầu của mình. Đây là hai điều đầu tiên ông phải nói về người đàn bà mà ông hy vọng sẽ đến. +GEN 24 43 ru4z 0 to draw water “to get water” """ Để lấy nước """ +GEN 24 43 ays7 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). Đây là một cái bình cỡ trung bình làm bằng đất sét dùng để đựng và đổ chất lỏng. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 14 ] . +GEN 24 44 k1f8 0 the woman who says to me, “Drink…camels” The thought that begins with the words “let the young woman who comes” in verse 43 ends here. This is the third of the three things the servant has to say about the woman whom he hopes will come. "Tư tưởng bắt đầu với câu "" Hãy để cho người gái trẻ đến cùng ngươi "" trong câu 43 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là điều thứ ba trong ba điều mà người đầy tớ phải nói về người phụ nữ mà anh ta hy vọng sẽ đến." +GEN 24 44 t41f 0 let her be the woman The servant finishes his request. Người đầy tớ làm xong yêu cầu của mình. +GEN 24 45 jux7 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 45 w249 figs-metaphor 0 speaking in my heart To pray silently in one’s mind is spoken of as if he were speaking in his heart. The word “heart” refers to his thoughts and his mind. Alternate translation: “praying” or “praying quietly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Người ta nói đến việc cầu nguyện thầm như thể đang nói trong lòng mình. Từ "" lòng "" ám chỉ tư tưởng và tâm trí của ông. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" cầu nguyện "" hoặc "" cầu nguyện thầm "" ." +GEN 24 45 s82z 0 behold, Rebekah came “suddenly Rebekah came” or “I was surprised because I saw Rebekah coming” """ Bỗng nhiên Rê-bê-ca đến "" hoặc "" Tôi rất ngạc nhiên vì thấy Rê-bê-ca đến """ +GEN 24 45 s4y4 0 pitcher This is a medium-size jar made of clay used for holding and pouring liquids. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:14](../24/14.md). Đây là một cái bình cỡ trung bình làm bằng đất sét dùng để đựng và đổ chất lỏng. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 14 ] . +GEN 24 45 v94w 0 she went down to the spring The phrase “went down” is used because the spring was somewhere lower than where the servant was standing. "Nhóm từ "" đi xuống "" được sử dụng vì dòng suối ở đâu đó thấp hơn chỗ người đầy tớ đang đứng." +GEN 24 45 r9da 0 spring opening in the ground from which fresh water comes Mở trong lòng đất từ đó nước ngọt đến +GEN 24 46 kvw1 0 watered the camels “gave water to the camels” """ Cho lạc - đà uống nước """ +GEN 24 47 q3rt 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 47 wg1u 0 The daughter of Bethuel, Nahor’s son, whom Milkah bore to him “My father is Bethuel. His parents are Nahor and Milkah” """ Cha tôi là Bethuel. Cha mẹ người là Na - cô và Mi - ca """ +GEN 24 47 xxd2 0 ring…bracelets In this story, all of these items were made of gold. See how you translated these in [Genesis 24:22](../24/22.md). Trong câu chuyện này, tất cả những vật này đều được làm bằng vàng. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những vật này [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 22 ] . +GEN 24 48 e8rq translate-symaction 0 I bowed down This is a sign of humility before God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là dấu hiệu của sự khiêm nhường trước Chúa. +GEN 24 48 h58h 0 led me by the right way “brought me here” """ Đưa tôi đến đây """ +GEN 24 48 zhy2 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 who had led me The connecting word “because” can be used to show this is why the servant worshiped God. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh led me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Từ nối "" bởi vì "" có thể được dùng để cho thấy đây là lý do người đầy tớ thờ phượng Đức Chúa Trời. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Vì Đức Giê-hô-va đã dẫn dắt tôi """ +GEN 24 48 p249 0 my master’s relative This refers to Bethuel, the son of Abraham’s brother Nahor. Điều này ám chỉ Bê - tu - ên, con trai Na - cô, em của Áp - ra - ham. +GEN 24 49 v7x5 0 General Information: Abraham’s servant continues speaking to Rebekah’s family. Người đầy tớ của Ápraham tiếp tục nói với gia đình của Rêbeca. +GEN 24 49 u6eh 0 Now therefore “Now.” Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. """ Ngay bây giờ. "" +Ở đây "" bây giờ "" không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng tiếp theo sau đó." +GEN 24 49 yac9 figs-explicit 0 if you are prepared to show covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness to my master, tell me How they could show the covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “tell me if you will be faithful and trustworthy to my master by giving Rebekah to be his son’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Cách họ thể hiện sự trung tín và đáng tin cậy của giao ước có thể được trình bày rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Xin Chúa cho tôi biết Chúa có trung tín và đáng tin cậy với chủ tôi không bằng cách cho Rê - bê - ca làm vợ của con trai ông "" xin Chúa cho tôi" +GEN 24 49 q5fw figs-you 0 you The word “you” refers to Laban and Bethuel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Từ "" ngươi "" đề cập đến La-ban và Bê-tu-ên." +GEN 24 49 bf6u figs-abstractnouns 0 faithfulness and trustworthiness These abstract nouns can be stated as “faithful and trustworthy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Những danh từ trừu tượng này có thể được phát biểu là "" trung tín và đáng tin cậy "" ." +GEN 24 49 r8l1 figs-ellipsis 0 But if not The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “But if you are not prepared to treat my master with family faithfulness and trustworthiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Thông tin đã hiểu có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Nhưng nếu các ngươi không sẵn sàng đối xử với chủ ta cách trung thành và đáng tin cậy """ +GEN 24 49 yjd9 figs-metaphor 0 so that I may turn to the right hand or to the left Possible meanings are (1) deciding what to do is spoken of as if the person will physically turn one direction or another. Alternate translation: “so that I will know what do” or (2) the servant wants to know if he needs to travel somewhere else. Alternate translation: “so that I may continue on my journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) quyết định làm gì được nói đến như thể người đó sẽ xoay theo hướng này hay hướng khác. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Để tôi biết phải làm gì "" hoặc ( 2 ) người đầy tớ muốn biết mình có cần đi du lịch nơi nào khác không. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Để tôi có thể tiếp tục cuộc hành trình """ +GEN 24 50 jew5 0 Bethuel This was the father of Laban and Rebekah. Đây là cha của La-ban và Rê-bê-ca. +GEN 24 50 x54j 0 The thing has come from Yahweh “Yahweh has caused all of this to happen” """ Ðức Giê hô va đã làm cho các điều ấy xảy ra """ +GEN 24 50 e21v figs-idiom 0 we cannot speak to you either bad or good They are saying they do not have the authority to decide whether what God has done is good or bad. Alternate translation: “we dare not judge what Yahweh is doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Họ đang nói rằng họ không có thẩm quyền quyết định điều gì Đức Chúa Trời đã làm là tốt hay xấu. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Chúng tôi không dám xét đoán điều Đức Giê-hô-va đang làm """ +GEN 24 51 y3tx 0 Look, Rebekah is “You can see Rebekah here” """ Con thấy Rê - bê - ca rồi đó """ +GEN 24 51 zkd6 0 Rebekah is before you “Here is Rebekah” """ Rê - bê - ca đây """ +GEN 24 52 f6nn 0 their words “what Laban and Bethuel said” """ Những gì Laban và Bethuel đã nói """ +GEN 24 52 s5s4 translate-symaction 0 he bowed himself down Bowing down before God is an expression of worship to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Quì lạy trước mặt Đức Chúa Trời là biểu hiện của sự thờ phượng đối với Ngài. +GEN 24 53 c4x7 0 articles of silver and articles of gold “silver and gold items” or “things made of silver and gold” """ Bạc và vàng "" hay "" những vật làm bằng bạc và vàng """ +GEN 24 53 yqa2 0 precious gifts “expensive gifts” or “valuable gifts” """ Những món quà đắt tiền "" hay "" những món quà có giá trị """ +GEN 24 54 w8v9 0 he and the men who were with him “Abraham’s servant and his men” """ Đầy - tớ của Áp - ra - ham và kẻ theo người """ +GEN 24 54 ssz6 0 stayed there overnight “slept there that night” """ Ngủ đêm đó """ +GEN 24 54 v8m5 0 arose in the morning “got up the next morning” """ Sáng mai thức dậy """ +GEN 24 54 fw75 0 Send me away “Let me leave and return” """ Hãy để tôi đi và trở về """ +GEN 24 55 a6ia 0 a few more days, at least ten “at least ten more days” """ Ít nhất mười ngày nữa """ +GEN 24 55 ce7w 0 After that “Then” """ Vậy thì … """ +GEN 24 56 pr3s 0 he said “Abraham’s servant said” """ Đầy tớ của Ápraham nói rằng """ +GEN 24 56 sl94 0 to them “to Rebekah’s brother and mother” """ Kính gởi cho anh và mẹ của Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 24 56 dav8 0 Do not hinder me “Do not delay me” or “Do not make me wait” """ Xin chớ trễ - nải tôi "" hoặc "" Xin chớ bắt tôi chờ - đợi """ +GEN 24 56 jnv7 figs-metonymy 0 Yahweh has prospered my way Here “way” stands for a journey. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has caused me to succeed in the purpose my journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Đường "" ở đây là viết tắt của một hành trình. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Giê - hô - va đã giúp tôi thành công trong cuộc hành trình """ +GEN 24 56 g87g 0 Send me on my way “Allow me to leave” """ Xin cho phép tôi đi khỏi """ +GEN 24 59 qez3 0 So they sent their sister Rebekah “So the family sent Rebekah” """ Vậy, Gia - cốp sai Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 24 59 e462 0 their sister Rebekah was Laban’s sister. Alternate translation: “their relative” or “Laban’s sister” "Rê-bê-ca là em gái của La-ban. Dịch cách khác: "" Bà con của họ "" hay "" Em gái của La-ban """ +GEN 24 59 uvk2 0 her female servant This refers to the female servant who had fed Rebekah when she was a baby, cared for her when she was a child, and still served her. Điều này chỉ về người đầy tớ gái đã cho Rê-bê-ca ăn khi nàng còn nhỏ, chăm sóc nàng khi nàng còn nhỏ, và vẫn hầu việc nàng. +GEN 24 60 ck3m 0 Our sister Rebekah was not the sister to everyone in her family. But they called her this to show that they loved her. Alternate translation: “Our dear Rebekah” "Rê-bê-ca không phải là em gái của mọi người trong gia đình nàng. Nhưng họ gọi nàng như thế để cho thấy họ yêu thương nàng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Rê - bê - ca yêu dấu của chúng ta """ +GEN 24 60 lz94 0 may you be the mother of thousands of ten thousands Here “mother” stands for ancestor. Alternate translation: “may you be the ancestor of millions of people” or “may you have very many descendants” "Ở đây "" Mẹ "" là viết tắt của tổ tiên. Một bản dịch khác: "" Cầu mong cho bạn là tổ tiên của hàng triệu người "" hoặc "" Cầu mong cho bạn có rất nhiều con cháu """ +GEN 24 60 k4au translate-numbers 0 thousands of ten thousands This means a very large number or an uncountable number. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Điều này có nghĩa là một số rất lớn hoặc một số không đếm được. +GEN 24 60 lj6f figs-metonymy 0 may your descendants possess the gate of those who hate them Armies would break through the gate of their enemies’ cities and conquer the people. Alternate translation: “may your descendants completely defeat those who hate them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Quân đội sẽ phá cửa thành của kẻ thù và chinh phục người dân. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nguyện con cháu ngươi đánh bại hoàn toàn những kẻ thù ghét họ """ +GEN 24 61 m2sa 0 Then Rebekah arose, and she and her servant girls mounted the camels “Then Rebekah and her servant girls went and got on the camels” """ Nàng Rê - bê - ca và các con đòi nàng lên lưng lạc - đà """ +GEN 24 61 s54m 0 Thus the servant took Rebekah, and went his way “In this way Abraham’s servant took Rebekah with him and returned to where he had come from” """ Người đầy tớ của Áp - ra - ham bèn đem Rê - bê - ca đi với mình, trở về nơi mà người đã ở """ +GEN 24 62 de8g 0 Now This word marks a change in the story. It was telling about the servant finding a wife, and now it will tell about Isaac. Từ này đánh dấu một sự thay đổi trong câu chuyện. Nó đang kể về người đầy tớ tìm được một người vợ, và giờ đây nó sẽ kể về Y-sác. +GEN 24 62 a6ll 0 Beer Lahai Roi This is the name of a water well in the Negev. See how you translated it in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). Đây là tên một giếng nước ở Negev. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 16: 14 ] . +GEN 24 63 l5s8 0 Isaac went out to meditate in the field in the evening “One evening Isaac went out to the field to think.” This must have been a long time after the servant and Rebekah left her home since they had to travel a long distance. """ Một tối nọ Isaac ra đồng để suy nghĩ. "" +Điều này hẳn đã xảy ra rất lâu sau khi người đầy tớ và Rê-bê-ca rời nhà nàng vì họ phải đi một đoạn đường dài." +GEN 24 63 r5zl 0 When he looked up and saw, behold, there were camels coming! The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. “When he looked up he was surprised to see camels coming” "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau. "" Khi ngước mắt lên, ông ngạc nhiên thấy lạc đà đang đến """ +GEN 24 64 ct8r 0 Rebekah looked “Rebekah looked up” """ Rê-bê-ca ngước mắt lên """ +GEN 24 64 xm2p 0 she jumped down from the camel “she quickly got off the camel” """ Nàng mau mau xuống lạc đà """ +GEN 24 65 ai22 translate-symaction 0 So she took her veil, and covered herself “So she covered her face with her veil.” This is a sign of respect and modesty towards the man she will marry. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Vậy là cô ấy che mặt bằng tấm mạng che mặt. "" +Đây là một dấu hiệu của sự tôn trọng và khiêm tốn đối với người đàn ông mà cô ấy sẽ kết hôn. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng." +GEN 24 65 x2me 0 veil a piece of cloth used to cover a person’s head, shoulders and face Một miếng vải dùng để che đầu, vai và mặt của một người +GEN 24 67 c5ut figs-doublet 0 took Rebekah, and she became his wife Both of these phrases mean that Isaac married Rebekah. Alternate translation: “married Rebekah” or “took her as his wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Cả hai cụm từ này có nghĩa là Y-sác đã cưới Rê-bê-ca. Dịch cách khác: "" Cưới Rê-bê-ca "" hoặc "" Lấy nàng làm vợ """ +GEN 24 67 h9zw figs-activepassive 0 So Isaac was comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Rebekah comforted Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Rê - bê - ca an ủi Y - sác """ +GEN 25 intro ig86 0 # Genesis 25 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 25:23.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Polygamy
Abraham married another wife. This was sinful of him. Many other Hebrew leaders came to marry multiple wives. This is known as “polygamy.” It has never been an acceptable practice. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### Inheritance
In the ancient Near East, inheritance was passed on through the eldest son. Even though Esau and Jacob were twins, it is very important that Esau was born first. It was his birthright to receive his inheritance, but he foolishly gave it up. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### God fulfill’s his promise
God begins to fulfill the promise he gave to Abraham about making his descendants numerous. Many of these children through his concubines would become large people groups. This may not be easy to understand without the remainder of the Old Testament and the history it records. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 25 ghi chú chung +Structure and Formatting +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với khổ thơ trong 25: 23. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Chế độ đa thê +Áp-ra-ham cưới một người vợ khác. Đây là tội lỗi của ông. Nhiều nhà lãnh đạo Hê - bơ - rơ khác đã kết hôn với nhiều vợ. Điều này được gọi là "" chế độ đa thê "" . Đó chưa bao giờ là một thực hành có thể chấp nhận được. Thừa kế +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, di sản được truyền qua người con cả. Mặc dù Ê-sau và Gia-cốp là anh em sinh đôi, nhưng điều rất quan trọng là Ê-sau được sinh ra trước. Quyền trưởng nam là quyền nhận sản nghiệp của ông, nhưng ông đã dại dột từ bỏ nó. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +Đức Chúa Trời làm ứng nghiệm lời hứa của Ngài +Đức Chúa Trời bắt đầu làm ứng nghiệm lời hứa Ngài đã ban cho Áp-ra-ham về việc làm cho con cháu ông đông đúc. Nhiều người trong số con cháu này qua các vợ bé của ông sẽ trở thành những nhóm dân đông đảo. Điều này có thể không dễ hiểu nếu không có phần còn lại của Cựu Ước và lịch sử nó ghi lại." +GEN 25 1 cu8t translate-names 0 General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]. Xem [ [ RC: / / en / ta / man / dịch - names ] ] . +GEN 25 4 rx7z 0 All these This refers to the people named in verses 2-4. Điều này ám chỉ những người được kể tên trong câu 2 - 4. +GEN 25 5 l5pw 0 Abraham gave all that he owned to Isaac “Isaac inherited all that Abraham owned.” It was normal for the father to divide his wealth when he was old and not leave that for others to do after he died. """ Isaac thừa hưởng tất cả những gì Abraham sở hữu. "" +Đối với người cha, chia của cải mình khi về già là điều bình thường và không để cho người khác làm điều đó sau khi ông qua đời." +GEN 25 7 wx9m translate-numbers 0 These were the days of the years of Abraham’s life which he lived, 175 years “These were…he lived, one hundred and seventy-five years.” Abraham lived 175 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Đó là … ông ấy đã sống, một trăm bảy mươi lăm năm. "" +Abraham sống được 175 năm." +GEN 25 8 p4ht figs-doublet 0 Abraham breathed his last and died “Abraham took his last breath and died.” The phrases “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Abraham died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) """ Abraham trút hơi thở cuối cùng và chết. "" +Những nhóm từ "" trút hơi thở cuối cùng "" và "" qua đời "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Áp-ra-ham qua đời """ +GEN 25 8 ej3k figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về một người đã chết. +GEN 25 8 g4ax figs-doublet 0 at a good old age, an old man with a full life These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abraham lived a very long time. Alternate translation: “when he had lived a very long time and was very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Hai cụm từ nầy về cơ bản có ý nói cùng một việc và nhấn mạnh rằng Ápraham đã sống một thời gian rất dài. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Khi ông đã sống rất lâu và rất già """ +GEN 25 8 yns7 figs-metaphor 0 an old man with a full life Living a long life is spoken of as if life were a container that becomes full. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Sống lâu được nói đến như thể cuộc sống là một bình chứa đầy. +GEN 25 8 x8xg figs-idiom 0 he was gathered to his people This means that after Abraham died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là sau khi Áp-ra-ham qua đời, linh hồn của ông đi đến cùng một nơi với những người bà con đã qua đời trước ông. Điều này có thể được nói rõ dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông cùng với những người trong gia đình đã qua đời """ +GEN 25 9 mwj2 0 the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron Ephron owned a field in Machpelah and the cave that was in that field. Abraham bought the field from Ephron. Ép-rôn sở hữu một cánh đồng ở Mặc-bê-la và một cái hang ở trong cánh đồng đó. Áp - ra - ham mua đồng ruộng đó từ Ép - rôn. +GEN 25 9 q9gq translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpelah was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Machpelah là tên của một khu vực hoặc khu vực. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 9 ] . +GEN 25 9 cy2d translate-names 0 Ephron…Zohar These are names of men. See how you translated these men’s names in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên của những người đàn ông này trong Sáng - thế Ký 23: 8. +GEN 25 9 s1d5 0 which is near Mamre Machpela was near Mamre. Machpela ở gần Mamre. +GEN 25 9 k9tk translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 23:17](../23/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của thành Hếp - rôn. Có thể nó được đặt theo tên của Mam - rê, bạn của Áp - ra - ham sống ở đó. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên thành này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 17 ] . +GEN 25 10 sbt9 0 This field Abraham had bought “Abraham had bought this field” """ Áp-ra-ham đã mua đám ruộng nầy """ +GEN 25 10 f1i4 0 sons of Heth “the descendants of Heth” or “the Hittites.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:5](../23/05.md). """ Hậu duệ của Heth "" hay "" người Hittites. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 23: 5 ] ." +GEN 25 10 d9zw figs-activepassive 0 Abraham was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Họ chôn Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 25 11 qdt2 translate-names 0 Beer Lahai Roi This name means “the well of the living one who sees me.” See how you translated this place name in [Genesis 16:14](../16/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Tên này có nghĩa là "" cái giếng của Đấng sống nhìn thấy tôi "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên địa danh này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 16: 14 ] ." +GEN 25 12 uwb2 0 Now This word is used in English to introduce a new part of the story and information about Ishmael. Từ này được dùng trong tiếng Anh để giới thiệu một phần mới của câu chuyện và thông tin về Ishmael. +GEN 25 13 gn6t translate-names 0 General Information: See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]. Xem [ [ RC: / / en / ta / man / dịch - names ] ] . +GEN 25 16 xgd3 0 "These were Ishmael’s sons, and these were their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their tribes" This can be stated as two sentences. “These were the names of Ishmael’s twelve sons. They led tribes that were named after them, and they each had their own villages and campsites” "Đây có thể được nêu là hai câu. "" Đây là tên của mười hai người con trai của Ishmael. Họ dẫn đầu các chi phái được đặt theo tên họ, và mỗi người có làng riêng cùng nơi đóng trại """ +GEN 25 16 e5ag translate-numbers 0 twelve “12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 12 """ +GEN 25 16 iy7y 0 princes "Here the word “princes” means that the men were leaders or rules of the tribes; it does not mean that they were the sons of a king." "Ở đây từ "" các quan trưởng "" có nghĩa là những người lãnh đạo hoặc cai trị của các chi phái; nó không có nghĩa là họ là con trai của một vị vua." +GEN 25 17 nem6 translate-numbers 0 These were the years of the life of Ishmael, 137 years “These were…Ishmael, one hundred and thirty-seven years.” Ishmael lived 137 years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Đây là … Ishmael, một trăm ba mươi bảy năm. "" +Ishmael sống được 137 năm." +GEN 25 17 s1vq figs-doublet 0 breathed his last and died The terms “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Thuật ngữ "" trút hơi thở cuối cùng "" và "" qua đời "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Qua đời """ +GEN 25 17 p7dl figs-idiom 0 was gathered to his people This means that after Ishmael died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là sau khi Ích-ma-ên qua đời, linh hồn của ông được đưa đến cùng một nơi với những người bà con đã qua đời trước ông. Điều này có thể được nói đến dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông cùng với những người trong gia đình đã qua đời """ +GEN 25 18 q1vv 0 They lived “His descendants settled” """ Con cháu người an cư """ +GEN 25 18 z9aa 0 from Havilah to Ashhur “between Havilah and Ashhur” """ Giữa khoảng Ha - vi - la và Ách - hu - rơ """ +GEN 25 18 pk2r translate-names 0 Havilah Havilah was located somewhere in the Arabian Desert. See how you translated this in [Genesis 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Havilah nằm đâu đó trong sa mạc Ả Rập. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 2: 11 ] . +GEN 25 18 ev35 0 as one goes toward “in the direction of” """ Theo hướng """ +GEN 25 18 p8m3 0 They lived in hostility with each other Possible meanings are (1) “they did not live in peace together,” or (2) “they lived away from their other relatives.” "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" họ không sống hòa thuận với nhau "" , hoặc ( 2 ) "" họ sống cách xa những người thân khác "" ." +GEN 25 19 t67i figs-explicit 0 These were the events concerning Isaac, Abraham’s son This sentence introduces the account of Isaac’s descendants in Genesis 25:19-35:29. Alternate translation: “This is the account of the descendants of Isaac, Abraham’s son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Câu này giới thiệu phần tường thuật về dòng dõi của Y-sác trong Sáng Thế Ký 25: 19 - 35: 29. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đây là lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Y - sác, con trai Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 25 20 gih8 translate-numbers 0 forty years old “40 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 40 tuổi """ +GEN 25 20 g4lq 0 when he took as his wife Rebekah “when he married Rebekah” """ Khi cưới Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 25 20 xn63 translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Bê-tu-ên là cha của Rê-bê-ca. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 22 ] . +GEN 25 20 dft3 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của vùng Lưỡng Hà, cùng vị trí với Iraq hiện đại. +GEN 25 21 wr2b 0 she was childless “she was unable to become pregnant” """ Nàng không thể chịu thai """ +GEN 25 21 zn2s figs-explicit 0 Rebekah his wife conceived It can be made explicit that Rebekah was pregnant with two babies at the same time: “Rebekah, his wife, became pregnant with twins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể cho thấy rõ Rê - bê - ca có thai hai con cùng một lúc: "" Rê - bê - ca, vợ người, thọ thai đôi "" ." +GEN 25 22 as86 0 The children struggled together within her “the babies inside her kept bumping against each other” or “The babies pushed against each other within her” """ Những đứa bé trong bụng mẹ cứ va vào nhau hoài "" hay "" những đứa bé trong bụng mẹ cứ va vào nhau hoài """ +GEN 25 22 gza2 figs-explicit 0 The children…within her Rebekah was pregnant with twins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Rê-bê-ca có thai đôi. +GEN 25 22 u1xs 0 She went to ask Yahweh about this “She went and asked Yahweh about this.” It is not clear where she went. She may have gone somewhere private to pray, or she may have gone somewhere to offer a sacrifice. Nàng bèn đi kêu cầu cùng Ðức Giê hô va về việc nầy. Không rõ nàng đã đi đâu. Nàng có thể đến một nơi riêng tư để cầu nguyện, hoặc nàng có thể đến một nơi nào đó để dâng của - lễ. +GEN 25 23 y9m7 0 said to her “said to Rebekah” """ Nói cùng Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 25 23 m836 writing-poetry 0 Two nations…serve the younger This is poetic language. If your language has a way to indicate poetry, you could use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]) Đây là ngôn ngữ thơ ca. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể chỉ ra thơ ca, bạn có thể dùng nó ở đây. +GEN 25 23 s1wf figs-metonymy 0 Two nations are in your womb Here “two nations” stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a nation. Alternate translation: “Two nations will come from the twins within you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" hai dân tộc "" tượng trưng cho hai con trẻ. Mỗi con trẻ sẽ là cha của một nước. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Hai nước sẽ ra từ cặp song sinh trong vòng các ngươi """ +GEN 25 23 lxl5 figs-metonymy 0 two peoples will be separated from within you Here “two peoples” stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a people. This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: “when you give birth to these two children they will be rivals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" hai dân tộc "" đại diện cho hai người con. Mỗi đứa trẻ sẽ là cha của một dân tộc. Điều này có thể được dịch với một động từ chủ động. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Khi bạn sinh hai đứa con này, chúng sẽ là đối thủ của nhau """ +GEN 25 23 pgz5 0 the older will serve the younger Possible meanings are (1) “the older son will serve the younger son” or (2) “the descendants of the older son will serve the descendants of the younger son.” If possible, translate it so that people could understand either meaning. "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" Con trai lớn sẽ hầu hạ con trai nhỏ "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Con cháu của con trai lớn sẽ hầu hạ con cháu của con trai nhỏ "" . Nếu có thể, hãy dịch câu này để người ta có thể hiểu một trong hai nghĩa." +GEN 25 24 urq6 0 behold, there “she was surprised to learn that there” """ Cô ấy ngạc nhiên khi biết rằng … """ +GEN 25 25 wyy1 figs-simile 0 red all over like a hairy garment Possible meanings are (1) his skin was red and he had a lot of hair on his body or (2) he had a lot of red hair on his body. Alternate translation: “red and hairy like a garment made of animal hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) da của ông đã đỏ và ông có rất nhiều lông trên thân thể mình hoặc ( 2 ) ông có rất nhiều lông đỏ trên thân thể mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đỏ và có lông như một cái áo làm bằng lông thú """ +GEN 25 25 p7lj 0 Esau Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Esau sounds like the word ‘hairy.’” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Ê - sau nghe như từ ' nhiều lông ' . """ +GEN 25 26 u57z 0 grasping Esau’s heel “holding the back part of Esau’s foot” """ Cầm một phần bàn chân của ê - sau """ +GEN 25 26 gls8 0 Jacob Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Jacob means ‘he grasps the heel.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Gia - cốp có nghĩa là ' nắm gót chân ' . """ +GEN 25 26 i7ic translate-numbers 0 sixty years old “60 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 60 tuổi """ +GEN 25 27 a46v 0 became a skillful hunter “became good at hunting and killing animals for food” """ Săn bắn và giết thú - vật để nuôi mình """ +GEN 25 27 ee9p 0 a quiet man “a peaceful man” or “a less active man” """ Một người ôn hòa "" hay "" một người ít hoạt động """ +GEN 25 27 n923 figs-metaphor 0 who spent his time in the tents This speaks about time as if it were a commodity that someone could spend. Alternate translation: “who remained in the tents much of the time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về thời gian như thể nó là một loại hàng hóa mà ai đó có thể tiêu xài. Một bản dịch khác: "" Phần lớn thời gian họ ở trong lều """ +GEN 25 28 t4i8 writing-background 0 Now This word is used to mark a change in focus, shifting from the story to background information about Isaac and Rebekah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được sử dụng để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi trọng tâm, chuyển từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Y-sác và Rê-bê-ca. +GEN 25 28 yr46 0 Isaac loved Here the word “loved” means “favored” or “preferred.” "Ở đây, từ "" yêu thương "" có nghĩa là "" ưu ái "" hoặc "" ưa thích "" ." +GEN 25 28 m6rw 0 because he ate the animals that he had hunted “because he ate the animals that Esau had hunted” or “because he enjoyed eating the wild animal meat that Esau caught” """ Vì người ăn những thú vật mà Êsau đã săn "" hoặc "" vì người ham ăn thịt thú rừng mà Êsau bắt được """ +GEN 25 29 z5en 0 Jacob cooked Since this is the beginning of a story about something that happened one time, some translators may want to start it with a phrase like “One day, Jacob cooked” in a similar manner to the UST. "Vì đây là khởi đầu của một câu chuyện về một điều gì đó đã xảy ra một lần, một số dịch giả có thể muốn bắt đầu nó với một cụm từ như "" một ngày kia, Gia-cốp nấu ăn "" theo cách tương tự như Ust." +GEN 25 29 n13g 0 cooked some stew “boiled some food” or “cooked some soup.” This stew was made of boiled lentils ([Genesis 25:34](../25/34.md)). """ Luộc ít thức ăn "" hay "" nấu ít súp "" . Món hầm này được làm bằng đậu lăng luộc ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 25: 34 ] ) ." +GEN 25 29 ms24 0 he was weak from hunger “he was weak because he was very hungry” or “he was very hungry” """ Ngài yếu đuối vì rất đói "" hoặc "" Ngài rất đói """ +GEN 25 30 se91 0 I am exhausted “I am weak from hunger” or “I am very hungry” """ Tôi yếu đuối vì đói "" hoặc "" Tôi rất đói """ +GEN 25 30 x1uk 0 Edom Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Edom means ‘red.’” "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Ê - đôm có nghĩa là ' đỏ ' . """ +GEN 25 31 nk7u 0 birthright right as firstborn to inherit most of the father’s wealth QUYỀN TRƯỞNG NAM THỪA HƯỞNG PHẦN LỚN CỦA CẢI CỦA NGƯỜI CHA +GEN 25 32 efr4 figs-hyperbole 0 I am about to die Esau was exaggerating to emphasize how hungry he was. Alternate translation: “I am so hungry I feel like I could die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) "Êsau đã phóng đại để nhấn mạnh rằng ông đang đói. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi đói đến nỗi tôi cảm thấy mình có thể chết """ +GEN 25 32 h8jv figs-rquestion 0 What good is the birthright to me? Esau used a question to emphasize that eating was more important than a birthright. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “My inheritance is no good to me if I die of hunger!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Êsau dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng ăn quan trọng hơn quyền trưởng nam. Điều này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Cơ nghiệp của tôi không ích lợi gì cho tôi nếu tôi chết đói! """ +GEN 25 33 b4qn figs-explicit 0 First swear to me What Jacob wanted Esau to swear can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “First swear to me that you will sell me your birthright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều Gia-cốp muốn Ê-sau thề có thể được nói rõ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Trước hết hãy thề rằng ngươi sẽ bán quyền trưởng nam cho ta """ +GEN 25 34 v7ff translate-unknown 0 lentils These are like beans, but their seeds are very small, round, and somewhat flat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Những hạt này giống như hạt đậu, nhưng hạt của chúng rất nhỏ, tròn, và có phần dẹt. +GEN 25 34 r6tg 0 Esau despised his birthright “Esau showed that he did not value his birthright” """ Ê - sau. . . chẳng xem quyền trưởng - nam là quí """ +GEN 26 intro cwz4 0 # Genesis 26 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Trust
When things in the land were bad, Isaac did not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he ran to the safety of Egypt. Even when Abraham’s descendants did not trust in Yahweh’s faithfulness to fulfill his covenant, Yahweh remained faithful to his covenant and blessed Isaac. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

### Wells
In the ancient Near East, wells were very important strategically. Therefore, they were a sign of power and a sign of God’s blessing being upon Isaac.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “She is my sister”
Isaac was afraid the Egyptians would see him as a foreigner and upon seeing his beautiful wife, they would try to kill him. This would free Rebekah to marry someone else. Apparently, it would have been easy for them to kill a foreigner without punishment. If she was Isaac’s sister, they would have shown favor to him. This is the same thing his father, Abraham, did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) "Sáng thế ký 26 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Niềm tin +Khi mọi việc trong xứ trở nên tồi tệ, Y-sác đã không tin cậy nơi Đức Giê-hô-va. Thay vào đó, ông chạy đến nơi an toàn của Ai Cập. Ngay cả khi dòng dõi của Áp - ra - ham không tin cậy vào sự thành tín của Đức Giê - hô - va để làm trọn giao ước Ngài, Ngài vẫn thành tín với giao ước Ngài và ban phước cho Y - sác. Giếng N +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, giếng rất quan trọng về mặt chiến lược. Vì vậy, chúng là một dấu hiệu của quyền năng và là một dấu hiệu cho thấy sự chúc phước của Đức Chúa Trời trên Y - sác. Những khó khăn khác trong việc dịch thuật có thể xảy ra trong chương này +"" Nó là em gái tôi "" +Y-sác sợ dân Ê-díp-tô sẽ xem ông như một người ngoại bang và khi nhìn thấy người vợ xinh đẹp của ông, họ sẽ tìm cách giết ông. Điều này sẽ giải thoát Rê - bê - ca để cưới người khác. Dường như họ dễ dàng giết một người ngoại bang mà không bị trừng phạt. Nếu bà là em gái Y - sác, họ sẽ thương xót ông. Áp - ra - ham, cha ông, cũng làm thế." +GEN 26 1 n54s 0 Now This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 26 1 vwi7 0 a famine happened “there was a famine” or “there was another famine” """ Có sự đói - kém "" hoặc "" có sự đói - kém khác """ +GEN 26 1 ags3 figs-explicit 0 in the land You can state explicitly the land to which this refers. Alternate translation: “in the land where Isaac and his family lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Bạn có thể nêu rõ vùng đất mà điều này đề cập đến. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Xứ mà Y - sác và gia đình ông sinh sống """ +GEN 26 1 a6wl 0 that had been in the days of Abraham “that had happened during Abraham’s life” or “that had happened while Abraham was alive” """ Việc đã xảy ra trong đời Áp - ra - ham "" hoặc "" việc đã xảy ra khi Áp - ra - ham còn sống """ +GEN 26 2 p1xe 0 General Information: Yahweh begins to speak to Isaac. Đức Giê-hô-va khởi phán cùng Y-sác. +GEN 26 2 t4aj 0 appeared to him “appeared to Isaac” """ Hiện ra cùng Y-sác """ +GEN 26 2 mqf3 figs-idiom 0 Do not go down to Egypt It was common to speak of leaving the promised land as “going down” to another place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Người ta thường nói đến việc rời bỏ đất hứa để "" đi xuống "" một nơi khác." +GEN 26 3 v9hh 0 for to you and to your descendants, I will give all these lands “for I will give all these lands to you and your descendants” """ Vì ta sẽ ban hết thảy xứ nầy cho ngươi và cho dòng - dõi ngươi """ +GEN 26 3 ekq9 0 I will fulfill the oath that I swore to Abraham your father “I will do what I promised Abraham your father I would do” """ Ta sẽ làm điều ta đã hứa cùng Áp-ra-ham, cha ngươi, là ta sẽ làm """ +GEN 26 4 tu5b 0 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Isaac. Đức Giê-hô-va tiếp tục phán cùng Y-sác. +GEN 26 4 y44e 0 I will multiply your descendants “I will cause you to have very many descendants.” """ Ta sẽ làm cho ngươi có nhiều dòng dõi rất đông đúc. """ +GEN 26 4 k6jq figs-simile 0 like the stars of heaven This speaks about the number of Isaac’s descendants as if they were the same as the number of stars. See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:17](../22/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) This speaks about the number of Isaac ' s descendants as if they were the same as number of stars. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 17 ] . +GEN 26 4 jm8x 0 heaven This refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars. Điều này ám chỉ mọi thứ chúng ta thấy trên trái đất, kể cả mặt trời, mặt trăng và các ngôi sao. +GEN 26 4 hpl9 figs-activepassive 0 all the nations of the earth will be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all the nations of the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ ban phước cho mọi nước trên đất """ +GEN 26 5 nr7e figs-parallelism 0 Abraham obeyed my voice and kept my instructions, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws The phrases “obeyed my voice” and “kept my instructions, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Abraham obeyed me and did everything I commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Những nhóm từ "" vâng theo tiếng ta "" và "" giữ điều khuyên dạy, điều răn, mạng lịnh, và luật pháp ta "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Áp-ra-ham vâng lời ta và làm mọi điều ta truyền cho ông làm """ +GEN 26 5 brk9 figs-synecdoche 0 obeyed my voice Here “voice” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “obeyed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Tại đây "" tiếng "" tiêu biểu cho Đức Giê-hô-va. Dịch lệ: "" Vâng phục ta """ +GEN 26 6 wr4q figs-explicit 0 So Isaac settled in Gerar Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader of the family, but his whole family was with him. Alternate translation: “So Isaac and his family settled in Gerar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có Y-sác được kể đến vì ông là người lãnh đạo của gia đình, nhưng cả gia đình ông đã ở với ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vậy Y-sác và gia đình ông định cư tại Ghê-ra "" ." +GEN 26 7 rr88 0 He feared to say Here “fear” refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of harm to himself or others. “He was afraid to say” "Ở đây "" sợ hãi "" nói đến cảm giác khó chịu của một người khi có sự đe dọa làm hại chính mình hoặc người khác. "" Người ngại nói """ +GEN 26 7 j128 0 to get Rebekah “in order to take Rebekah” """ Để chiếm lấy Rê - bê - ca """ +GEN 26 8 z63l 0 He saw, behold, Isaac The word “behold” shows that what Abimelech saw surprised him. Alternate translation: “And he was surprised to see that Isaac” "Từ "" kìa "" cho thấy rằng những gì A-bi-mê-léc nhìn thấy đã làm ông ngạc nhiên. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Và ông ngạc nhiên khi thấy rằng Y-sác """ +GEN 26 8 i16v 0 was caressing Rebekah Possible meanings are (1) he was touching her the way a husband touches his wife or (2) he was laughing and talking with her the way a husband talks with his wife. Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) ông đang chạm vào bà như cách người chồng chạm vào vợ hoặc ( 2 ) ông đang cười và nói chuyện với bà như cách người chồng nói chuyện với vợ. +GEN 26 9 hv6m figs-metonymy 0 Abimelech called Isaac to him Abimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac that Abimelech wanted to see him. Alternate translation: “Abimelech sent someone to bring Isaac to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Có lẽ A-bi-mê-léc đã sai người đến nói với Y-sác rằng A-bi-mê-léc muốn gặp ông. Cách dịch khác: "" A-bi-mê-léc sai người đem Y-sác đến cho ông """ +GEN 26 9 aeb1 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Why did you say, ‘She is my sister’? This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Why did you say that she is your sister?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Tại sao bạn đã nói rằng cô ấy là em gái của bạn? """ +GEN 26 9 m9n4 0 to get her “so he could take her” """ Để ông ta có thể đưa cô ấy … """ +GEN 26 10 t2ul figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done to us? Abimelech used this question to scold Isaac. Alternate translation: “You should not have done this to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "A-bi-mê-léc dùng câu hỏi này để quở trách Y-sác. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Ngươi không nên đối xử với chúng ta như vậy! """ +GEN 26 10 s759 figs-euphemism 0 might easily have lain with your wife The word “lain” here is a euphemism for “had sexual relations.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Từ "" Lain "" ở đây là một cách nói tránh cho việc "" có quan hệ tình dục "" ." +GEN 26 10 t1mu figs-metaphor 0 you would have brought guilt upon us This speaks about causing someone to be guilty as if “guilt” were an object that is placed on someone. Alternate translation: “you would have caused us to be guilty of taking a man’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều nầy nói tới việc khiến cho ai đó bị mặc cảm tội lỗi như thể "" mặc cảm tội lỗi "" là một việc được đặt trên ai đó. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Hẳn ngài đã làm chúng tôi phạm tội lấy vợ của một người """ +GEN 26 10 l5d1 figs-exclusive 0 upon us Here “us” refers to Abimelech and his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" đề cập đến A-bi-mê-léc và dân sự ông." +GEN 26 11 ztx1 figs-idiom 0 Whoever touches this man Here “touches” means to touch in a harmful way. Alternate translation: “Whoever harms this man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" đụng đến "" có nghĩa là đụng đến một cách có hại. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Kẻ nào làm hại người này """ +GEN 26 11 fk2l figs-activepassive 0 will surely be put to death Abimelech may have intended to tell someone to kill anyone who might harm Isaac or Rebekah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will put him to death” or “I will order my men to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "A-bi-mê-léc có thể có ý định bảo ai đó giết bất cứ ai có thể làm hại Y-sác hoặc Rê-bê-ca. Điều này có thể được nói rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ giết hắn "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ ra lệnh cho người của ta giết hắn """ +GEN 26 12 tl8n 0 General Information: This begins a new part of the story. It changes from telling about Isaac calling Rebekah his sister, and it starts to tell about how Isaac became very rich and the Philistines were jealous of him. Điều này bắt đầu một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nó thay đổi từ việc kể về việc Y-sác gọi Rê-bê-ca em gái mình, và nó bắt đầu kể về việc Y-sác đã trở nên rất giàu có như thế nào và dân Phi-li-tin ghen tị với ông ra sao. +GEN 26 12 f6x6 0 in that land “in Gerar” """ Ở Gerar """ +GEN 26 12 d294 translate-numbers 0 a hundredfold This means “one hundred times as much as he planted.” It can be translated more generally as “a very large crop.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là "" gấp trăm lần số ông đã trồng "" . Nó có thể được dịch tổng quát hơn là "" một vụ mùa rất lớn "" ." +GEN 26 13 i68k 0 The man became rich “Isaac became rich” or “He became rich” """ Y - sác bèn trở nên giàu - có """ +GEN 26 13 p5mh 0 grew more and more until he became very great “he gained more and more until he became very wealthy” """ Vua làm cho mình giàu - có luôn luôn """ +GEN 26 14 jv6c figs-explicit 0 sheep This may also include goats. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này cũng có thể bao gồm dê. +GEN 26 14 h37m figs-metonymy 0 a large household Here “household” stands for workers or servants. Alternate translation: “many servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Nhà "" ở đây là viết tắt của người làm công hay đầy tớ. Bản dịch khác: "" Nhiều đầy tớ """ +GEN 26 14 f17g 0 The Philistines envied him “The Philistines were jealous of him” """ Dân Phi - li - tin ghen - ghét người """ +GEN 26 15 rue9 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Now Here this word does not mean “at this moment.” It is indicating where the action in the story begins. It can be translated with the connecting word “So” to show that this is a result of what happened in [Genesis 26:12-14](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Ở đây từ ngữ này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này. "" +Nó đang chỉ ra hành động trong câu chuyện bắt đầu ở đâu. Nó có thể được dịch với từ nối "" vậy "" để tỏ ra rằng đây là kết quả của những gì đã xảy ra trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 26: 12 - 14 ] ( / 12.MD ) ." +GEN 26 15 xy1c 0 in the days of Abraham his father The phrase “in the days of” stands for a person’s lifetime. Alternate translation: “when Abraham, his father, was living” or “during his father Abraham’s lifetime” "Cụm từ "" trong những ngày "" tượng trưng cho cuộc đời của một người. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Khi Áp - ra - ham, tổ phụ của ông, còn sống "" hoặc "" trong đời Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 26 16 f5ia grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Abimelech said Possible meanings are (1) this is another action to force Isaac and his people to leave. Alternate translation: “Then Abimelech said” or “Finally Abimelech said” or (2) Abimelech made this decision because he saw that his people were jealous and acting in a hostile way towards Isaac. Alternate translation: “Therefore Abimelech said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) đây là một hành động khác nữa để buộc Y-sác và dân sự của ông phải ra đi. Một cách dịch khác là: "" A - bi - mê - léc nói "" hoặc "" cuối cùng A - bi - mê - léc nói "" hoặc ( 2 ) A - bi - mê - léc quyết định như thế vì ông thấy người của ông ghen tị và hành động thù nghịch với Y - sác. Một cách dịch khác: "" A - bi - mê - léc nói """ +GEN 26 16 e8vy 0 much mightier than we “much stronger than we are” """ Mạnh hơn chúng ta rất nhiều """ +GEN 26 17 tz3u figs-explicit 0 So Isaac departed Only Isaac is mentioned because he is the leader, but his family and servants went with him. Alternate translation: “So Isaac and his household left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có Y-sác được nhắc đến vì ông là người lãnh đạo, nhưng gia đình và các tôi tớ của ông đã đi với ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vậy, Y-sác và người nhà người ra đi """ +GEN 26 18 r15b figs-synecdoche 0 Isaac dug out Here “Isaac” stands for Isaac and his servants. Alternate translation: “Isaac and his servants dug out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" Y-sác "" là viết tắt của Y-sác và các tôi tớ ông. Dịch lệ: "" Y - sác và các tôi tớ đào lên """ +GEN 26 18 hly9 0 which they had dug “which Abraham’s servants had dug” """ Mà các đầy - tớ của Áp - ra - ham đã đào """ +GEN 26 18 c6vy 0 in the days of Abraham his father “during his father Abraham’s lifetime” or “when Abraham, his father, was living” """ Trong đời Áp-ra-ham, tổ phụ ông "" hoặc "" khi Áp-ra-ham, tổ phụ ông, đang sống """ +GEN 26 18 sn3p figs-events 0 The Philistines had stopped them up This was the reason that Isaac dug them out. Possible ways to translate this are: (1) Since this happened first, this sentence can come before the sentence about Isaac digging them out, as in the UST. or (2) This sentence can start with “Isaac did this because the Philistines had stopped them up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) "Đây là lý do mà Isaac đã đào chúng lên. Có thể dịch câu này là: ( 1 ) Vì điều này xảy ra trước, câu này có thể đứng trước câu nói về việc Y - sác đào chúng ra, như trong Ust. Hoặc ( 2 ) câu này có thể bắt đầu bằng "" Y - sác làm điều này vì người Phi - li - tin đã ngăn chặn họ "" ." +GEN 26 18 jfl7 0 had stopped them up “had filled them with earth” """ Đã làm cho đầy - dẫy đất """ +GEN 26 19 b9ic figs-idiom 0 flowing water This phrase refers to a natural spring they uncovered when they were digging a new well. It provided a continuous flow of fresh drinking water. Alternate translation: “fresh water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ này đề cập đến một dòng suối tự nhiên mà họ đã khám phá khi đang đào một cái giếng mới. Nó cung cấp một dòng chảy liên tục của nước uống tươi mát. Một cách dịch khác: "" Nước ngọt """ +GEN 26 20 m6un 0 herdsmen men who tended livestock Người chăn nuôi gia súc +GEN 26 20 ls3b figs-exclusive 0 This water is ours Here “ours” refers to the herdsmen of Gerar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" của chúng ta "" nói đến những người chăn gia súc của Ghêra." +GEN 26 20 nw21 translate-names 0 Esek Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Esek means ‘quarrel’ or ‘argue.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên gọi EESK có nghĩa là ' cãi cọ ' hoặc ' tranh luận ' . """ +GEN 26 21 kan5 0 Then they dug “Then Isaac’s servants dug” """ Rồi các đầy tớ của Y-sác đào """ +GEN 26 21 t12r 0 they quarreled “the herdsmen of Gerar argued with Isaac’s herdsmen” """ Những người chăn của Ghê-ra đã tranh luận với những người chăn của Y-sác """ +GEN 26 21 ss3i 0 so he gave it “so Isaac gave it” """ Vậy Y-sác đã cho nó """ +GEN 26 21 ny83 translate-names 0 Sitnah Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Sitnah means ‘oppose’ or ‘accuse.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Sitnah có nghĩa là ' chống đối ' hoặc ' cáo buộc ' . """ +GEN 26 22 gd8u translate-names 0 Rehoboth Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Rehoboth means ‘make room for’ or ‘empty place.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Rê - hô - bốt có nghĩa là ' chừa chỗ cho ' hoặc ' chỗ trống ' . """ +GEN 26 22 kj55 0 us…we Isaac was speaking about himself and his household. Y-sác đang nói về chính mình và gia đình ông. +GEN 26 23 ct3x 0 Isaac went up from there to Beersheba Here “went up” is probably a reference to going north. Say that he departed in the most natural way for your language. Alternate translation: “Isaac left there and went to Beersheba” "Ở đây "" đã lên "" có lẽ ám chỉ đến việc đi về hướng Bắc. Nói rằng ông ra đi theo cách tự nhiên nhất đối với ngôn ngữ của bạn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Y - sác rời khỏi đó và đi đến Bê - e - Sê - ba """ +GEN 26 24 sq69 0 multiply your descendants “will cause your descendants to increase greatly” or “will cause your descendants to be very many” """ Sẽ làm cho dòng - dõi ngươi thêm nhiều "" hoặc "" sẽ làm cho dòng - dõi ngươi thêm nhiều """ +GEN 26 24 j1jd figs-explicit 0 for my servant Abraham’s sake “for my servant Abraham” or you can make the full meaning explicit. Alternate translation: “because I promised my servant Abraham that I would do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Cho tôi tớ Áp-ra-ham của ta "" hoặc bạn có thể làm cho đầy đủ ý nghĩa rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vì ta đã hứa với Áp - ra - ham, tôi tớ ta, rằng ta sẽ làm điều này """ +GEN 26 25 g525 figs-explicit 0 Isaac built an altar there You can make explicit why Isaac built an altar. Alternate translation: “Isaac built an altar there to sacrifice to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Bạn có thể giải thích rõ tại sao Isaac xây một bàn thờ. Dịch lệ: "" Y-sác lập một bàn thờ tại đó để dâng của lễ cho Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 26 25 pam6 figs-metonymy 0 called on the name of Yahweh To “call on” means to pray or to worship. Here “name” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Kêu gọi "" có nghĩa là cầu nguyện hoặc thờ phượng. Ở đây "" danh "" tiêu biểu cho Đức Giê-hô-va. Dịch cách khác: "" Cầu khẩn Đức Giê-hô-va "" hay "" thờ phượng Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 26 26 k6ep 0 went to him “went to Isaac” """ Đi đến nhà Y-sác """ +GEN 26 26 ls17 translate-names 0 Ahuzzath This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 26 26 lca7 0 his friend Possible meanings are (1) “Abimelech’s friend” or (2) “Abimelech’s advisor.” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" bạn của Abimelch "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" cố vấn của Abimelch "" ." +GEN 26 26 mcz9 translate-names 0 Phicol This is the name of a man. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 21:22](../21/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên ông [ Sáng - thế Ký 21: 22 ] . +GEN 26 28 pw9y 0 they said This refers to Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. One of them spoke and the other two agreed with what he said. It does not mean they all spoke at the same time. Alternate translation: “one of them said” "Điều này ám chỉ A-bi-mê-léc, Hu-ru và Phi-côn. Một người nói và hai người kia đồng ý với những gì ông nói. Điều này không có nghĩa là tất cả họ đều nói cùng một lúc. Một bản dịch khác: "" Một người nói """ +GEN 26 28 pt6d 0 We have clearly seen “We know” or “We are certain” """ Chúng ta biết "" hay "" chúng ta tin chắc """ +GEN 26 28 wg9d 0 So let us make a covenant “So we want to make a covenant” """ Vậy chúng tôi muốn lập giao ước """ +GEN 26 29 b7sa 0 and as we have treated you well This can also be translated as the beginning of a new sentence. “We have done only good to you” "Đây cũng có thể được dịch là khởi đầu của một câu mới. "" Chúng tôi chỉ làm điều lành cho anh em """ +GEN 26 29 qgj3 figs-activepassive 0 you are blessed by Yahweh This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has blessed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Đấng Gia-vê đã ban phước cho bạn """ +GEN 26 30 ur1a figs-explicit 0 Isaac made a feast for them, and they ate and drank Eating a meal together was a part of making a covenant with one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ăn chung với nhau là một phần của việc lập giao ước với nhau. +GEN 26 30 wvz4 0 for them Here “them” refers to “Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol” "Ở đây "" họ "" ám chỉ "" A - bi - mê - léc, A - bi - sai và Phi - côn """ +GEN 26 30 rb7d 0 they ate Here “they” refers to Isaac, Abimelech, Ahuzzath, and Phicol. Alternate translation: “they all ate” "Ở đây "" họ "" ám chỉ Y - sác, A - bi - mê - léc, A - bi - sai và Phi - côn. Bản dịch khác: "" Ai nấy đều ăn """ +GEN 26 31 bpu3 0 They rose early “They awoke early” """ Họ dậy sớm """ +GEN 26 33 l4xz translate-names 0 He called the well Shibah “So he called the well Shibah.” Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Shibah sounds like the word that means ‘oath.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Thế là ông ta gọi cái giếng là Shibah. "" +Các dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Si - ba nghe như chữ có nghĩa là ' lời thề ' . Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng "" cái tên Shibah nghe giống như từ có nghĩa là ' lời thề ' "" ." +GEN 26 33 ymy1 0 Beersheba Translators may add a footnote saying “Beersheba can mean either “well of the oath” or “well of seven.” (See note on [Genesis 21:32](../21/32.md)) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời Ghi Chú "" Bê - e - Sê - ba có thể có nghĩa là "" tốt như lời thề "" hoặc "" tốt như bảy người "" . ( Xem chú thích nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 21: 32 ] )" +GEN 26 34 mr5x 0 General Information: Most of Genesis 26 was about Isaac. These verses are about his older son Esau. Hầu hết Sáng thế ký 26 đều nói về Y-sác. Những câu này nói về con trai lớn của ông là Ê-sau. +GEN 26 34 n2fj translate-numbers 0 forty “40” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "40 """ +GEN 26 34 f6p7 figs-explicit 0 he took a wife “he married.” You can state explicitly that he married two women. Alternate translation: “he took two wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Anh ta đã kết hôn. "" +Bạn có thể nói rõ ràng rằng anh ấy đã kết hôn với hai người phụ nữ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Ông đã lấy hai vợ """ +GEN 26 34 n6q3 translate-names 0 Judith…Basemath These are the names of Esau’s wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên những người vợ của Êsau. +GEN 26 34 vpc3 translate-names 0 Beeri…Elon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 26 34 es97 translate-names 0 the Hittite “the descendant of Heth” or “a descendant of Heth.” The Hittite people were the descendants of Heth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Hậu duệ của Heth "" hay "" hậu duệ của Heth. "" +Dân Hê-tít là hậu tự của họ." +GEN 26 35 tfu7 figs-metaphor 0 They brought sorrow to Isaac and Rebekah Here “they” refers to Judith and Basemath. To make someone sorrowful or miserable is spoken of as if “sorrow” were an object that a person could bring to another person. Alternate translation: “They made Isaac and Rebekah sorrowful” or “Isaac and Rebekah were miserable because of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây "" họ "" ám chỉ Judith và cơ sở dữ liệu. Làm cho ai đó đau buồn hoặc khổ sở được nói đến như thể "" nỗi buồn "" là một đối tượng mà một người có thể mang đến cho người khác. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Họ làm cho Y-sác và Rê-bê-ca đau buồn "" hoặc "" Y-sác và Rê-bê-ca khốn khổ vì họ "" ." +GEN 27 intro r9m3 0 # Genesis 27 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 27:27-29 and in 27:39-40.

## Special concepts in this chapter
### Blessing
In the ancient Near East, a father’s blessing was very important. This spoken blessing was legally binding. Jacob previously received the birthright from Esau and was guaranteed the double portion of land money that was supposed to be inherited by the older son, Esau. In this chapter, Jacob tricks Isaac into giving him Esau’s blessing. This means that he is to inherit the promises of the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/birthright]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]) "Sáng thế ký 27 ghi chú +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với khổ thơ trong 27: 27 - 29 và trong 27: 39 - 40. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +LỜI CHÚC PHƯỚC +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, phước hạnh của một người cha rất quan trọng. This spoken blessing was sơ-unkcies binding. Trước đó, Gia - cốp đã nhận quyền trưởng nam từ Ê - sau và được bảo đảm phần đất gấp đôi mà con trưởng nam là Ê - sau sẽ thừa kế. Trong chương này, Gia-cốp lừa Y-sác để ông dâng cho ông lời chúc phước của Ê-sau. Điều này có nghĩa là ông phải thừa kế những lời hứa trong giao ước mà Yahweh đã lập với Áp-ra-ham." +GEN 27 1 dk7f figs-metaphor 0 his eyes were dim This speaks about being nearly blind as if the eyes were a lamp and the light has nearly gone out. Alternate translation: “he was nearly blind” or “he was almost blind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về việc gần như bị mù như thể đôi mắt là một ngọn đèn và ánh sáng gần như đã tắt. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Người gần như mù "" hoặc "" Người gần như mù """ +GEN 27 1 xl56 0 Here I am “I am here” or “I am listening.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). """ Tôi đang ở đây "" hay "" Tôi đang lắng nghe "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 1 ] ." +GEN 27 2 chx2 figs-explicit 0 See here The phrase “see here” adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nhóm từ "" xem ở đây "" nhấn mạnh thêm những gì xảy ra sau đó. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Nghe cho kỹ """ +GEN 27 2 r5ug figs-explicit 0 I do not know the day of my death It is implied that Isaac knows he will die soon. Alternate translation: “I may die any day now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngụ ý rằng Y-sác biết mình sẽ chết sớm. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nay mai tôi có thể chết """ +GEN 27 2 djk1 0 death This refers to physical death. Điều này nói đến sự chết thuộc thể. +GEN 27 3 g526 0 General Information: Isaac continues giving instructions to his older son Isaac. Y - sác tiếp tục chỉ dẫn con trai lớn là Y - sác. +GEN 27 3 dk3j 0 your weapons “your hunting equipment” """ Dụng cụ đi săn """ +GEN 27 3 q9sp figs-explicit 0 your quiver A quiver is a case for holding arrows. Alternate translation: “your quiver of arrows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Bao đựng tên là trường hợp để đựng tên. Dịch lệ: "" Cái bao đựng tên """ +GEN 27 3 r6x1 0 hunt game for me “hunt a wild animal for me” """ Hãy săn một con thú rừng cho ta """ +GEN 27 4 z48e figs-explicit 0 Make delicious food for me, the sort that I love The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. Alternate translation: “Cook for me the tasty meat that I love” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Từ ngữ "" ngon "" ám chỉ một thứ gì đó có mùi vị rất ngon. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hãy nấu cho tôi món thịt ngon mà tôi thích """ +GEN 27 4 wt6a 0 bless you In Bible times, a father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children. Vào thời Kinh Thánh, người cha thường chính thức ban phước cho con cái. +GEN 27 5 xjr9 writing-background 0 This verse is background information for the description of the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Câu này là thông tin cơ bản cho việc mô tả các sự kiện theo sau. +GEN 27 5 wkc6 writing-background 0 Now This verse is background information for the description of the events that follow. The word “now” shows that the author is going to begin to talk about Rebekah and Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Câu này là thông tin cơ bản cho việc mô tả các sự kiện theo sau. The word "" now "" shows that the author is going to begin to talk about rebekah and Jacob." +GEN 27 5 f3na 0 Rebekah heard it when Isaac spoke to Esau his son “Rebekah heard Isaac speaking to his son Esau” """ Rê - bê - ca nghe Y - sác nói cùng Ê - sau """ +GEN 27 5 wpq7 0 to Esau his son Esau was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Esau “his son” to emphasize that Isaac preferred Esau over Isaac. "Ê-sau là con trai của Y-sác và Rê-bê-ca. Tác giả gọi Ê-sau là "" con ông "" để nhấn mạnh rằng Y-sác thích Ê-sau hơn Y-sác." +GEN 27 6 jlu7 writing-background 0 This verse continues the background information that begins with the words “Now Rebekah heard” in verse 5. It is background information for the description of the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Câu này tiếp tục thông tin nền tảng bắt đầu với những từ "" Bây giờ Rê-bê-ca được nghe "" trong câu 5. Đó là thông tin nền tảng cho sự mô tả những sự kiện theo sau." +GEN 27 6 fr9i grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 Rebekah spoke to Jacob This verse continues the background information that begins with the words “Esau went…bring it back” in verse 5. It is background information for the description of the events that follow. After Esau leaves, Rebekah speaks to Jacob because of what she has heard. “So when Esau went…bring it back, Rebekah spoke to Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Câu này tiếp tục thông tin nền tảng bắt đầu với những lời "" Ê-sau bèn đem nó về "" trong câu 5. Đó là thông tin bối cảnh cho việc mô tả các sự kiện theo sau. Sau khi Ê-sau ra đi, Rê-bê-ca nói với Gia-cốp vì những gì nàng đã nghe. "" So when Êsau went … bring it back, rebekah spoke to Jacob """ +GEN 27 6 j6cj 0 to Jacob her son Jacob was the son of both Isaac and Rebekah. The author calls Jacob “her son” here to emphasize that Rebekah preferred Jacob over Esau. "Gia-cốp là con trai của Y-sác và Rê-bê-ca. Tác giả gọi Gia-cốp là "" con bà "" ở đây để nhấn mạnh rằng Rê-bê-ca thích Gia-cốp hơn Ê-sau." +GEN 27 6 yc8h 0 See here The phrase “see here” adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully” "Nhóm từ "" xem ở đây "" nhấn mạnh thêm những gì xảy ra sau đó. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Nghe cho kỹ """ +GEN 27 7 nl2j figs-quotesinquotes 0 ‘Bring me game and make me delicious food, that I may eat it and bless you in the presence of Yahweh before my death.’ These are the words that the author introduces with the words “He said” in verse 6. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “He told Esau to hunt a wild animal, and to make the tasty meat that he loves. Then before he dies, your father will bless Esau in the presence of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là những lời mà tác giả giới thiệu bằng những chữ "" Ngài phán "" trong câu 6. Đây là một câu trích dẫn trong một câu trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Ngài bảo Ê-sau đi săn một con thú rừng, và để làm món thịt ngon mà mình yêu thích. Rồi cha con sẽ chúc phước cho Ê - sau trước mặt Đức Giê - hô - va trước khi người chết "" ." +GEN 27 7 chc2 0 Bring me game “Bring me a wild animal that you hunt and kill” """ Hãy đem về cho ta một con thú rừng mà các ngươi săn và giết """ +GEN 27 7 epu1 0 make me delicious food “cook for me the tasty meat that I love.” See how this was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). """ Hãy nấu cho tôi món thịt ngon mà tôi thích. "" +Hãy xem điều nầy đã được dịch như thế nào trong [ Sáng thế ký 27: 4 ] ." +GEN 27 7 tq2y 0 bless you in the presence of Yahweh “bless you before Yahweh” """ Cầu Chúa ban phước cho ngươi trước mặt Đức Giê-hô-va """ +GEN 27 7 ei7n 0 before my death “before I die” """ Trước khi tôi chết """ +GEN 27 8 f173 0 General Information: Rebekah continues to speak to her younger son Jacob. Rê - bê - ca tiếp tục nói với con trai thứ là Gia - cốp. +GEN 27 8 y3a9 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 27 8 g188 figs-metonymy 0 obey my voice as I command you Rebekah said “my voice” to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: “obey me and do what I tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Rê-bê-ca nói "" Tiếng tôi "" để ám chỉ điều nàng đang nói. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy vâng lời Ta và làm theo lời Ta """ +GEN 27 9 vla2 0 I will make delicious food from them for your father, just like he loves The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). "Từ ngữ "" ngon "" ám chỉ một thứ gì đó có mùi vị rất ngon. Hãy xem một câu tương tự đã được dịch như thế nào trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 27: 4 ] ." +GEN 27 10 jnw9 0 You will take it to your father “Then take it to your father” """ Vậy hãy đem nó về cho cha con """ +GEN 27 10 y1kp 0 so that he may eat it, so that he may bless you “and after he eats it, he will bless you” """ Và sau khi Ngài ăn, Ngài sẽ ban phước cho bạn """ +GEN 27 10 j39b 0 he may bless you The word “bless” refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. "Từ "" ban phước "" ám chỉ sự chúc phước chính thức mà một người cha dành cho con cái mình." +GEN 27 10 g1ev 0 before his death “before he dies” """ Trước khi chết """ +GEN 27 11 qtd3 0 I am a smooth man “I am a man with smooth skin” or “I am not hairy” """ Tôi là người có làn da mịn màng "" hay "" Tôi không có lông """ +GEN 27 12 t3a4 0 I will seem to him as a deceiver “he will think that I am a liar” or “he will know that I am deceiving him” """ Hắn sẽ nghĩ rằng tôi là kẻ nói dối "" hoặc "" Hắn sẽ biết rằng tôi đang lừa dối hắn """ +GEN 27 12 s8h4 figs-metaphor 0 I will bring a curse upon me and not a blessing Being cursed or blessed is spoken of as if a curse and a blessing are objects that are placed on a person. Alternate translation: “Then because of this, he will curse me and not bless me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Bị rủa sả hay được chúc phước được nói đến như thể một sự rủa sả và một ơn phước là những đối tượng được đặt trên một người. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Vì cớ điều này, Ngài sẽ rủa sả tôi chứ không ban phước cho tôi """ +GEN 27 13 svh3 figs-metaphor 0 My son, let any curse fall on me “let your curse be on me, my son.” Being cursed is spoken of as if the curse were on object that is placed on the person. Alternate translation: “let your father curse me instead of you, my son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) """ Hãy để lời nguyền rủa của con lên ta, con trai ạ. "" +Lời nguyền rủa được nói đến như thể lời nguyền rủa được đặt trên đối tượng người đó. Một cách dịch khác: "" Hỡi con, hãy để cha con rủa sả thay cho con """ +GEN 27 13 yj3y figs-metonymy 0 obey my voice Rebekah said “my voice” to refer to what she was saying. Alternate translation: “obey what I tell you” or “obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Rê-bê-ca nói "" Tiếng tôi "" để ám chỉ điều nàng đang nói. Một cách dịch khác là "" Hãy vâng theo lời ta "" hoặc "" Hãy vâng lời ta """ +GEN 27 13 p12u 0 bring them to me “bring me the young goats” """ Hãy đem dê con đến cho ta """ +GEN 27 14 fje9 0 made delicious food, just like his father loved The word “delicious” refers to something that tastes very good. See how a similar sentence was translated in [Genesis 27:4](../27/04.md). "Từ ngữ "" ngon "" ám chỉ một thứ gì đó có mùi vị rất ngon. Hãy xem một câu tương tự đã được dịch như thế nào trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 27: 4 ] ." +GEN 27 16 cd2u 0 She put the skins of the young goats on his hands The goat skins still had the hair on them. Lớp da dê vẫn còn dính lông dê. +GEN 27 17 zjt6 0 She put the delicious food and the bread that she had prepared into the hand of her son Jacob “She gave to her son Jacob the delicious food and bread which she had prepared” """ Bà cho con trai mình là Giacốp đồ ăn ngon và bánh mì mà bà đã chuẩn bị """ +GEN 27 18 ak4j 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). """ Vâng, tôi đang lắng nghe đây "" hay "" Vâng, có chuyện gì vậy? "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 22: 1 ] ." +GEN 27 19 rss2 0 I have done as you said to me “I have done what you told me to do” """ Tôi đã làm theo lời Ngài """ +GEN 27 19 h2fq 0 some of my game The word “game” refers to wild animals that someone hunts and kills. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:3](../27/03.md). "Từ "" thú rừng "" ám chỉ những động vật hoang dã mà ai đó săn và giết chết. Hãy xem từ "" thú rừng "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 27: 3 ] ." +GEN 27 20 rke8 0 He said “Jacob replied” """ Giacốp đáp """ +GEN 27 20 wk6c figs-idiom 0 brought it to me This is an idiom meaning that God caused it to happen. Alternate translation: “helped me to succeed while hunting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ có ý nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời đã khiến nó xảy ra. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Giúp tôi thành công trong khi đi săn """ +GEN 27 21 jmh1 0 whether you are my true son Esau or not “if you are really my son Esau” """ Nếu ngươi thật là con trai Êsau của ta """ +GEN 27 22 zy8a 0 Jacob went over to Isaac his father “Jacob approached Isaac his father” """ Gia-cốp đến gần Y-sác, cha mình """ +GEN 27 22 g574 figs-synecdoche 0 The voice is Jacob’s voice Here Issac speaks of Jacob’s voice as representing Jacob. Alternate translation: “You sound like Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây Issac nói về giọng nói của Gia-cốp là đại diện cho Gia-cốp. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Giọng anh giống Gia - cốp """ +GEN 27 22 yi47 figs-synecdoche 0 but the hands are the hands of Esau Here Issac speaks of Esau’s hands as representing Esau. Alternate translation: “but your hands feel like Esau’s hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây Issac nói về tay của Êsau như là đại diện cho Êsau. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nhưng tay con có cảm giác như tay của Ê - sau """ +GEN 27 24 wi51 figs-events 0 He said Isaac asks this question before blessing his son. Alternate translation: “But first Isaac asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) "Y-sác đặt câu hỏi này trước khi chúc phước cho con trai mình. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Nhưng trước hết Y-sác đã hỏi """ +GEN 27 25 sqb8 0 eat of your game The word “game” refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). "Từ "" thú rừng "" ám chỉ một con thú hoang mà người ta săn bắt và giết chết. Hãy xem từ "" thú rừng "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 27: 7 ] ." +GEN 27 25 w6sf 0 he drank “Isaac drank it” """ Y-sác đã uống rồi """ +GEN 27 27 tr1w figs-explicit 0 he smelled the smell of his clothes and blessed him It can be made explicit that the clothes smelled like Esau’s clothes. Alternate translation: “he smelled his clothes and they smelled like Esau’s clothes, so Isaac blessed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể nói rõ ràng rằng quần áo có mùi giống như quần áo của Ê-sau. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Người ngửi quần áo mình và chúng có mùi như quần áo của Ê - sau, nên Y - sác chúc phước cho "" ." +GEN 27 27 nr5p 0 he smelled “Isaac smelled” """ Y-sác có mùi """ +GEN 27 27 e57u 0 the smell “the scent” """ Mùi hương """ +GEN 27 27 t86t 0 blessed him “then he blessed him.” This refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. """ Rồi Ngài ban phước cho người. "" +Điều này ám chỉ sự chúc phước chính thức mà một người cha dành cho con cái mình." +GEN 27 27 m1kb 0 See, the smell of my son The word “see” is used as an emphatic figure of speech to mean “it is true.” Alternate translation: “Truly, the smell of my son” "Từ "" thấy "" được sử dụng như một hình thái nhấn mạnh của lời nói có nghĩa là "" đó là sự thật "" . Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Thật vậy, mùi hương của con trai tôi """ +GEN 27 27 s46h figs-idiom 0 that Yahweh has blessed Here the word “blessed” means that Yahweh has caused good things to happen to the field and it has become fruitful. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh has caused to be very productive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây, từ "" phước "" có nghĩa là Đức Giê-hô-va đã khiến những điều tốt lành xảy ra cho đồng ruộng và nó đã trở nên kết quả. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đã khiến nó sinh sản rất nhiều """ +GEN 27 28 q1wj 0 General Information: This is Isaac’s blessing. He thought he was speaking to Esau, but he was speaking to Jacob. Đây là lời chúc phước của Y-sác. Ông nghĩ rằng ông đang nói với Ê-sau, nhưng ông đang nói với Gia-cốp. +GEN 27 28 e1me figs-you 0 give you Here “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. But the blessing would also apply to Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" ngươi "" ở số ít và chỉ về Gia-cốp. Nhưng lời chúc phước cũng áp dụng cho con cháu Gia-cốp." +GEN 27 28 v1nn figs-explicit 0 dew of heaven “Dew” is drops of water that form on the plants during the night. This can be made explicit in the translation. Alternate translation: “night mist from heaven to water your crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Sương "" là những giọt nước hình thành trên cây cỏ vào ban đêm. Điều này có thể được nói rõ trong bản dịch này. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ban đêm có hơi nước từ trời xuống tưới mùa màng của các ngươi """ +GEN 27 28 wst4 figs-metaphor 0 fatness of the earth Having fertile land is spoken of as if the earth were fat or rich. Alternate translation: “good soil for producing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đất đai màu mỡ được nói đến như thể đất màu mỡ hoặc giàu có. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đất tốt để trồng trọt """ +GEN 27 28 hlu3 figs-explicit 0 plenty of grain and new wine If “grain” and “wine” are unknown, this can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “plenty of food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nếu không rõ "" ngũ cốc "" và "" rượu "" , điều này có thể được nói chung chung hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Có dư dật đồ ăn thức uống """ +GEN 27 29 z9hr figs-you 0 you…your Here these pronouns are singular and refer to Jacob. But the blessing also applies to Jacob’s descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Ở đây các đại từ này ở dạng số ít và đề cập đến Gia-cốp. Nhưng lời chúc phước cũng áp dụng cho dòng dõi của Gia-cốp. +GEN 27 29 i4ct figs-metonymy 0 nations bow down Here “nations” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “people from all nations bow down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Các dân - tộc "" ở đây ám chỉ dân sự. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" mọi dân đều sấp mình xuống """ +GEN 27 29 qa8g translate-symaction 0 bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Điều này có nghĩa là cúi xuống khiêm nhường bày tỏ lòng tôn kính đối với một người nào đó. +GEN 27 29 z1qi 0 Be master over your brothers “Become a master over your brothers” """ Hãy quản - trị anh em """ +GEN 27 29 lvg1 figs-synecdoche 0 your brothers…your mother’s sons Isaac is speaking this blessing directly to Jacob. But, it also applies to Jacob’s descendants who will rule over the descendants of Esau and the descendants of any other of Jacob’s brothers that he may have. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Y-sác đang nói ra lời chúc phước này trực tiếp với Gia-cốp. Tuy nhiên, nó cũng áp dụng cho con cháu của Gia-cốp, là những người sẽ cai trị trên con cháu của Ê-sau và con cháu của bất kỳ người anh nào khác của Gia-cốp mà ông có thể có. +GEN 27 29 vc3p 0 may your mother’s sons bow down to you “your mother’s sons will bow down to you” """ Các con trai của mẹ ngươi sẽ quì lạy trước mặt ngươi """ +GEN 27 29 af44 figs-activepassive 0 May every one who curses you be cursed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God curse everyone who curses you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Nguyện Đức Chúa Trời rủa sả tất cả những ai rủa sả bạn """ +GEN 27 29 rwr2 figs-activepassive 0 may every one who blesses you be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God bless everyone who blesses you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Nguyện Đức Chúa Trời ban phước cho những ai chúc phước cho bạn """ +GEN 27 30 dae7 0 had scarcely gone out from the presence of Isaac his father “had just left the tent of Isaac his father” """ Vừa khi ra khỏi trại Y - sác, cha người """ +GEN 27 31 htl4 0 delicious food “tasty meat that I love.” See how this was translated in [Genesis 27:3](../27/03.md). """ Thịt ngon mà tôi thích. "" +Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 27: 3 ] ." +GEN 27 31 jjd8 figs-123person 0 some of your son’s game Here “your son’s” was a polite way of Esau referring to his own food he prepared. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" của con trai ngươi "" là cách nói lịch sự của Ê-sau chỉ về thức ăn của chính mình mà ông đã chuẩn bị." +GEN 27 31 r39y 0 your son’s game The word “game” refers to wild animals that people hunt to eat. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). "Từ ngữ "" thú rừng "" ám chỉ các động vật hoang dã mà người ta săn bắt để ăn. Hãy xem từ "" thú rừng "" được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 27: 7 ] ." +GEN 27 31 p6yp 0 bless me This refers to the formal blessing a father pronounces on his children. Điều này nói đến phước hạnh chính thức mà một người cha ban cho con cái mình. +GEN 27 32 qzp4 0 said to him “said to Esau” """ Nói cùng Êsau """ +GEN 27 33 s8l1 0 Isaac trembled “Isaac began to shake” """ Y - sác run - sợ """ +GEN 27 33 vrt1 0 hunted this game Game refers to a wild animal that people hunt and kill. See how “game” was translated in [Genesis 27:7](../27/07.md). "Trò chơi đề cập đến một con vật hoang dã mà người ta săn và giết. Hãy xem từ "" trò chơi "" được dịch như thế nào nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 27: 7 ] ." +GEN 27 34 g5y4 figs-metaphor 0 he cried with a very great and bitter cry Esau’s anguish was similar to the taste of something bitter. Alternate translation: “he cried loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Nỗi thống khổ của Ê-sau tương tự như vị đắng của một thứ gì đó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông khóc lớn tiếng """ +GEN 27 35 xrv3 figs-metaphor 0 has taken away your blessing This is a figure of speech meaning Jacob took what was Esau’s. Alternate translation: “I have blessed him instead of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đây là một cách nói tu từ có nghĩa là Gia - cốp đã dùng cách dịch khác của Ê - sau: "" Ta đã chúc phước cho nó thay vì ngươi """ +GEN 27 36 vpk4 figs-rquestion 0 Is he not rightly named Jacob? Esau uses a question to emphasize his anger at Jacob. Alternate translation: “Jacob is certainly the right name for my brother!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Êsau dùng câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh sự giận dữ của ông đối với Giacốp. Cách dịch khác là: "" Gia - cốp đúng là tên của anh tôi! """ +GEN 27 36 rq3b 0 Jacob Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Jacob means ‘he grasps the heel.’ In the original language the name ‘Jacob’ also sounds like the word for ‘he deceives.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm lời ghi chú như sau: "" Tên Gia - cốp có nghĩa là ' nắm gót chân ' . Trong nguyên ngữ, tên ' Gia - cốp ' cũng có nghĩa là ' lừa gạt ' . """ +GEN 27 36 s7al figs-metaphor 0 He took away my birthright This speaks about a birthright as if it were an object that a person could take away. Alternate translation: “What was once my birthright is now his because he tricked me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về một quyền thừa kế như thể nó là một vật mà một người có thể lấy đi. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Những gì trước kia là quyền thừa kế của tôi nay là của hắn vì hắn đã lừa gạt tôi """ +GEN 27 36 d3f1 figs-metaphor 0 now he has taken away my blessing This speaks about a blessing as if it were an object that person could take away. Alternate translation: “now he has tricked you into blessing him instead of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về một phước hạnh như thể nó là một vật mà người đó có thể lấy đi. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Bây giờ người đã lừa dối con để con chúc phước cho người thay vì Cha """ +GEN 27 36 bej9 0 Have you not reserved a blessing for me Esau knows that his father cannot bless him with the same things that he blessed Jacob. Esau is asking if there is anything left to say to him that Isaac did not say while blessing Jacob. Êsau biết rằng cha mình không thể chúc phước cho mình cùng những điều mà ông đã chúc phước cho Giacốp. Ê - sau hỏi ông có còn điều gì để nói hay không mà Y - sác không nói trong khi chúc phước cho Gia - cốp. +GEN 27 37 z3vr figs-rquestion 0 What more can I do for you, my son? Isaac uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing else he can do. Alternate translation: “There is nothing else I can do for you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Y-sác dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng không có điều gì khác ông có thể làm. Ông dịch câu này như sau: "" Tôi không thể làm gì khác cho anh em! """ +GEN 27 38 xf7q 0 Have you not even one blessing for me, my father This can be stated in positive form. “My father, do you have one more blessing for me” "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. "" Cha ơi, xin ban phước cho con thêm một lần nữa """ +GEN 27 39 yu4i 0 said to him “said to Esau” """ Nói cùng Êsau """ +GEN 27 39 j4p8 0 Look, the place “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the place” """ Hãy chú ý, vì điều tôi sắp nói vừa đúng vừa quan trọng: nơi chốn """ +GEN 27 39 ykr5 figs-metaphor 0 far from the richness of the earth This is a figure of speech referring to the earth’s fertility. Alternate translation: “far from the fertile soil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đây là lối nói tu từ chỉ về sự màu mỡ của trái đất. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Cách xa đất màu mỡ """ +GEN 27 39 xpl9 figs-explicit 0 dew of the sky above “Dew” is drops of water that form on the plants during the night. This can be made explicit in the translation. Alternate translation: “the night mist from the sky to water your crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Sương "" là những giọt nước hình thành trên cây cỏ vào ban đêm. Điều này có thể được nói rõ trong bản dịch này. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sương mù ban đêm từ trên trời sa xuống tưới mùa màng của các ngươi """ +GEN 27 40 vn48 figs-synecdoche 0 your…you In 27:39-40 these pronouns are singular and refer to Esau, but what Isaac says also applies to Esau’s descendants (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Trong 27: 39 - 40, những đại từ này ở dạng số ít và chỉ về Ê - sau, nhưng điều Y - sác nói cũng áp dụng cho con cháu của Ê - sau +GEN 27 40 tzg9 figs-metonymy 0 By your sword you will live Here “sword” stands for violence. Alternate translation: “You will rob and kill people in order to get what you need to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" gươm "" là viết tắt của bạo lực. Một cách dịch khác: "" Các ngươi sẽ cướp và giết người để có được những gì các ngươi cần để sống """ +GEN 27 40 rvk2 figs-metaphor 0 you will shake his yoke from off your neck This speaks about someone having a master as if the master’s control over the person were a yoke that the person had to carry. Alternate translation: “you will free yourself from his control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về một người có chủ như thể sự điều khiển của chủ đối với người đó là một cái ách mà người đó phải mang. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ngươi sẽ giải thoát mình khỏi sự điều khiển của chủ """ +GEN 27 41 ajl9 figs-synecdoche 0 Esau said in his heart Here “heart” stands for Esau himself. Alternate translation: “Esau said to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" lòng "" tiêu biểu cho chính Êsau. Một cách dịch khác: "" Ê - sau nói với chính mình """ +GEN 27 41 f5u3 0 days of mourning for my father are near This refers to a number of days a person grieves when a family member dies. Điều này ám chỉ một số ngày mà một người đau buồn khi một thành viên trong gia đình qua đời. +GEN 27 42 xuy8 figs-activepassive 0 The words of Esau her older son were told to Rebekah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Rebekah about Esau’s plan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Có người nói cho Rê - bê - ca biết về kế hoạch của Ê - sau """ +GEN 27 42 f45j 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" Lắng nghe "" hoặc "" Chú ý đến những gì tôi sắp nói với bạn """ +GEN 27 42 n35u 0 is consoling himself “is making himself feel better” """ Đang làm cho mình cảm thấy khá hơn """ +GEN 27 43 n2yn 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 27 43 h9zp 0 flee to Laban “leave here quickly and go to Laban” """ Hãy ra khỏi đây mau, và đi đến nhà La-ban """ +GEN 27 44 f6w6 0 for a while “for a period of time” """ Một thì - giờ """ +GEN 27 44 nuh4 0 until your brother’s fury subsides “until you brother calms down” """ Cho đến khi anh em bình tĩnh lại """ +GEN 27 45 bkx2 figs-metaphor 0 until your brother’s anger turns away from you No longer being angry is spoken of as if the anger turns to a different direction away from the person. Alternate translation: “until he is no longer angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Không còn giận dữ được nói đến như thể cơn giận chuyển hướng sang một hướng khác ra khỏi người đó. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Cho đến khi người không còn giận anh em nữa """ +GEN 27 45 s57p figs-rquestion 0 Why should I lose you both in one day? Rebekah uses a question to emphasize her concern. Alternate translation: “I do not want to lose both of you in one day!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Rêbeca sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh mối quan tâm của mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Tôi không muốn mất cả hai người trong một ngày! """ +GEN 27 45 b5v1 figs-explicit 0 I lose you both in one day It is implied that if Esau kills Jacob, then they will execute Esau as a murderer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ngụ ý rằng nếu Ê-sau giết Gia-cốp, thì họ sẽ xử tử Ê-sau như một kẻ giết người. +GEN 27 45 mt31 figs-euphemism 0 I lose This is a polite way of referring to her sons dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về cái chết của các con trai bà. +GEN 27 46 z2lw figs-hyperbole 0 I am weary of life Rebekah is exaggerating to emphasize how upset she is about the Hittite women that Esau married. Alternate translation: “I am terribly upset” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) "Rê-bê-ca đang phóng đại để nhấn mạnh việc bà bực tức về những người nữ Hê-tít mà Ê-sau đã cưới làm vợ. Dịch cách khác: "" Tôi vô cùng bối rối """ +GEN 27 46 d19k 0 the daughters of Heth “these Hittite women” or “descendants of Heth” """ Những người nữ Hê - tít "" hay "" dòng dõi họ Hếch """ +GEN 27 46 ujy2 figs-idiom 0 like these women, some of the daughters of the land The phrase “daughters of the land” means the local females. Alternate translation: “like these women who live in this land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" những con gái của xứ "" có nghĩa là những con cái địa phương. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Giống như những người nữ này sống trong xứ này """ +GEN 27 46 z91x figs-rquestion 0 what good will my life be to me? Rebekah uses a question to emphasize how upset she would be if Jacob marries a Hittite woman. Alternate translation: “My life will be awful!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Rê-bê-ca sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng bà sẽ khó chịu như thế nào nếu Gia-cốp cưới một người nữ Hê-tít. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đời tôi sẽ thật kinh khủng! """ +GEN 28 intro t611 0 # Genesis 28 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Even though Jacob tricked his father in order to receive Esau’s blessing, the chapter repeats the blessing, ensuring he inherits the blessings promised to Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob’s dream
Jacob had a dream or received a vision. The purpose of this dream is to show that, despite Jacob’s sin, God is giving Abraham’s covenant promises to Jacob and his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Bethel
This was an important city for Abraham and his descendants. It is possible that there is some theological significance to the city of Bethel. "Genesis 28 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Mặc dù Giacốp đã lừa gạt cha mình để nhận lãnh ơn phước của Êsau, chương này lặp lại ơn phước, bảo đảm ông thừa hưởng các ơn phước đã được hứa cho Ápraham. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Giấc mơ của Gia-cốp +Gia-cốp đã có một giấc mơ hoặc nhận được một khải tượng. Mục đích của giấc mơ này là để cho thấy rằng, bất chấp tội lỗi của Gia-cốp, Đức Chúa Trời đang ban những lời hứa giao ước của Áp-ra-ham cho Gia-cốp và con cháu ông. Bê-tên +Đây là một thành phố quan trọng đối với Áp-ra-ham và con cháu ông. Có thể có một ý nghĩa thần học nào đó đối với thành Bê-tên." +GEN 28 1 nl2p 0 You must not take “Do not take” """ Chớ lấy """ +GEN 28 2 jcc6 0 Arise, go “Go right away” """ Hãy đi ngay đi """ +GEN 28 2 ptv8 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của vùng Lưỡng Hà, cùng vị trí với Iraq hiện đại. Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 25: 20 ] . +GEN 28 2 dv3j figs-metonymy 0 house of This refers to a person’s descendants or other relatives. Alternate translation: “family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Điều này ám chỉ đến con cháu của một người hoặc những người bà con khác. Một cách dịch khác: "" Gia đình """ +GEN 28 2 m29w translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Bê-tu-ên là cha của Rê-bê-ca. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 22 ] . +GEN 28 2 dh9y 0 your mother’s father “your grandfather” """ Ông nội ngươi """ +GEN 28 2 fqr7 0 one of the daughters “from the daughters” """ Từ các con gái """ +GEN 28 2 a74b 0 your mother’s brother “your uncle” """ Chú của con """ +GEN 28 3 u2mm 0 General Information: Isaac continues speaking to Jacob Y-sác tiếp tục nói với Gia-cốp tiếp +GEN 28 3 qw5a figs-doublet 0 make you fruitful and multiply you The word “multiply” explains how God would make Jacob “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “give you many children and descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách Đức Chúa Trời sẽ làm cho Gia-cốp "" sanh sản "" . Cách dịch khác: "" Cho ngươi nhiều con cháu """ +GEN 28 4 nas7 figs-metaphor 0 May he give you the blessing of Abraham, to you, and to your descendants after you This speaks about blessing someone as if a blessing were an object that a person can give. The abstract noun “the blessing” can be stated as “bless.” Alternate translation: “May God bless you and your descendants as he blessed Abraham” or “May God give to you and your descendants what he promised to Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "This speaks about blessing someone as if a blessing were an object that a person can give. Danh từ trừu tượng "" ban phước "" có thể được gọi là "" ban phước "" . Một cách dịch khác: "" Cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời ban phước cho bạn và con cháu bạn như Ngài đã ban phước cho Áp - ra - ham "" hoặc "" cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời ban cho bạn và con cháu bạn điều Ngài đã hứa với Áp - ra - ham """ +GEN 28 4 eja3 figs-metaphor 0 that you may inherit the land God giving the land of Canaan to Jacob and his descendants is spoken of as if a child were inheriting money or possessions from his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Đức Chúa Trời ban xứ Ca-na-an cho Gia-cốp và con cháu ông được nói đến như thể một đứa trẻ được thừa kế tiền bạc hoặc tài sản từ cha mình. +GEN 28 4 da2s 0 the land where you have been living “the land where you have been staying” """ Xứ các ngươi đã ở """ +GEN 28 4 yx4w 0 which God gave to Abraham “which God promised to Abraham” """ Mà Đức Chúa Trời đã hứa cùng Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 28 5 c4ky translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của vùng Lưỡng Hà, cùng vị trí với Iraq hiện đại. Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 25: 20 ] . +GEN 28 5 ses3 translate-names 0 Bethuel Bethuel was Rebekah’s father. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 22:22](../22/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Bê-tu-ên là cha của Rê-bê-ca. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 22: 22 ] . +GEN 28 6 b2pg 0 General Information: The story changes from Jacob to Esau Câu chuyện thay đổi từ Giacốp sang Êsau +GEN 28 6 mjy9 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Êsau. +GEN 28 6 ic25 translate-names 0 Paddan Aram This was another name for the region of Mesopotamia, which about the same location as modern Iraq. See how this was translated in [Genesis 25:20](../25/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của vùng Lưỡng Hà, cùng vị trí với Iraq hiện đại. Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 25: 20 ] . +GEN 28 6 avf6 0 to take a wife “to take a wife for himself” """ Lấy một người vợ cho mình """ +GEN 28 6 epz3 0 He also saw that Isaac had blessed him “Esau also saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob” """ Ê - sau thấy Y - sác chúc phước cho Gia - cốp """ +GEN 28 6 xj5i 0 You must not take “Do not take” """ Chớ lấy """ +GEN 28 6 sp4g 0 women of Canaan “daughters of Canaan” or “Canaanite women” """ Các con gái Ca - na - an """ +GEN 28 8 gmv1 0 General Information: This continues the background information about Esau. Điều này tiếp tục thông tin nền tảng về Êsau. +GEN 28 8 h454 0 Esau saw “Esau realized” """ Êsau nhận biết """ +GEN 28 8 a14e 0 the women of Canaan did not please Isaac his father “his father Isaac did not approve of the women of Canaan” """ Cha người là Y - sác không đẹp lòng các người nữ Ca - na - an """ +GEN 28 8 sp9b 0 women of Canaan “daughters of Canaan” or “the Canaanite women” """ Các con gái Ca - na - an """ +GEN 28 9 pn6x 0 So he went “Because of that, he went” """ Bởi cớ đó, Ngài đi """ +GEN 28 9 e5ya 0 besides the wives that he had “in addition to the wives that he already had” """ Ngoài những người vợ mà ông đã có """ +GEN 28 9 l4pn translate-names 0 Mahalath This is the name of one of Ishmael’s daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một trong các con gái của Ishmael. +GEN 28 9 su64 translate-names 0 Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một trong những người con trai của Ích-ma-ên. +GEN 28 10 uh6w 0 General Information: The story switches back to Jacob Câu chuyện quay trở lại với Gia-cốp +GEN 28 11 ru38 0 He came to a certain place and stayed there all night, because the sun had set “He came to a certain place and, because the sun had set, he decided to stay for the night” """ Ngài đến một nơi kia; rồi, vì mặt trời đã lặn, Ngài quyết định ở lại đêm """ +GEN 28 12 mwk8 0 He dreamed “Jacob had a dream” """ Jacob có một giấc mơ """ +GEN 28 12 z48g 0 set up on the earth “with the bottom of it touching the ground” """ Khi đáy của nó chạm đất """ +GEN 28 12 pn7d 0 reached to heaven This refers to the place where God lives. Điều này ám chỉ nơi ở của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 28 13 ax75 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 28 13 wwx2 0 Yahweh stood above it Possible meanings are (1) “Yahweh was standing at the top of the stairway” or (2) “Yahweh was standing next to Jacob” "Những ý nghĩa có thể là: 1 ) "" Yahweh đã đứng ở đầu cầu thang "" hoặc: 2 ) "" Yahweh đã đứng cạnh Gia-cốp """ +GEN 28 13 a91d 0 Abraham your father Here “father” means “ancestor.” Alternate translation: “Abraham your ancestor” or “Abraham your forefather” "Ở đây "" cha "" có nghĩa là "" tổ tiên "" . Dịch cách khác: "" Áp-ra-ham tổ phụ ngươi "" hay "" Áp-ra-ham tổ phụ ngươi """ +GEN 28 14 j413 0 General Information: God continues to talk to Jacob in a dream. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục trò chuyện với Giacốp trong một giấc chiêm bao. +GEN 28 14 wu5i figs-simile 0 Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth God compares Jacob’s descendants to the dust of the earth to emphasize their huge number. Alternate translation: “You will have more descendants than you can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) "Đức Chúa Trời so sánh con cháu của Gia-cốp với bụi đất để nhấn mạnh con số khổng lồ của họ. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Con cháu ngươi sẽ có nhiều không đếm xuể "" ." +GEN 28 14 pyi5 figs-metonymy 0 you will spread far out to the west The word “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob represents his descendants. Alternate translation: “your descendants will spread out to the west” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Từ "" ngươi "" ở số ít và chỉ về Gia-cốp. Ở đây Gia-cốp đại diện cho con cháu ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Con cháu ngươi sẽ tràn ra đến phương Tây "" ." +GEN 28 14 fby4 0 you will spread far out This means the people will extend the borders of their land and occupy more territory. Điều này có nghĩa là người dân sẽ mở rộng biên giới đất của họ và chiếm nhiều lãnh thổ hơn. +GEN 28 14 hn6s figs-synecdoche 0 to the west, to the east, to the north, and to the south This phrases are used together to mean “all directions.” Alternate translation: “in all directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Cụm từ này được dùng chung với nhau có nghĩa là "" mọi hướng. "" +Bản dịch luân phiên: "" Mọi hướng """ +GEN 28 14 i1qm figs-activepassive 0 Through you and through your descendants will all the families of the earth be blessed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bless all families on the earth through you and your descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ ban phước cho mọi chi tộc trên đất qua ngươi và con cháu ngươi """ +GEN 28 15 yb1m 0 Behold, I am “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I am” """ Hãy chú ý, vì điều tôi sắp nói vừa đúng vừa quan trọng: tôi là """ +GEN 28 15 n4tr 0 for I will not leave you. I will do all “for I will not leave you until I have done all” """ Vì ta sẽ chẳng lìa ngươi đâu, cho đến chừng nào ta đã làm xong mọi sự """ +GEN 28 15 gr8q 0 I will keep you “I will keep you safe” or “I will protect you” """ Ta sẽ bảo vệ con "" hay "" Ta sẽ bảo vệ con """ +GEN 28 15 em1w 0 I will bring you into this land again “I will bring you back to this land” """ Ta sẽ đem các ngươi trở về đất nầy """ +GEN 28 16 t191 0 awoke out of his sleep “woke up from his sleep” """ Ngài chờ dậy """ +GEN 28 17 h8p1 figs-doublet 0 the house of God…the gate of heaven The phrase “the gate of heaven” explains that this place is the entrance to “the house of God” and “the entrance to where God lives.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Nhóm từ "" cửa thiên đàng "" giải thích rằng nơi này là lối vào "" nhà Đức Chúa Trời "" và "" lối vào nơi Đức Chúa Trời ở "" ." +GEN 28 17 hc3f figs-metaphor 0 This is the gate of heaven This speaks about the entrance to the place where God lives as if it were a literal kingdom that had a gate that someone has to open to let people in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Điều này nói về lối vào nơi Đức Chúa Trời sống như thể đó là một vương quốc theo nghĩa đen có một cánh cổng mà ai đó phải mở ra để cho người ta vào. +GEN 28 18 e2b6 0 pillar This is a memorial pillar, that is, simply a large stone or boulder set up on its end. Đây là một cột trụ tưởng niệm, đơn giản chỉ là một tảng đá lớn hoặc tảng đá lớn được dựng lên ở phía cuối cột trụ. +GEN 28 18 grd4 translate-symaction 0 poured oil upon the top of it This action symbolizes that Jacob is dedicating the pillar to God. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “poured oil on the top of it in order to dedicate the pillar to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Hành động nầy tượng trưng rằng Giacốp đang dâng hiến trụ cột cho Đức Chúa Trời. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đổ dầu lên trên trụ cột để dâng cho Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 28 19 hv4e 0 Bethel Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Bethel means ‘house of God.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Bê - tên có nghĩa là ' nhà của Đức Chúa Trời ' . """ +GEN 28 19 u3i9 translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một thành phố. +GEN 28 20 bas3 0 Connecting Statement: Jacob begins to make a vow to Yahweh. Gia cốp khởi khấn nguyện cùng Ðức Giê hô va. +GEN 28 20 p422 0 vowed a vow “made a vow” or “solemnly promised God” """ Lập lời thề "" hay "" long trọng hứa với Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 28 20 dm3m figs-123person 0 If God will…clothes to wear Jacob is speaking to God in the third person. This can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “If you will…clothes to wear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giacốp đang thưa chuyện với Đức Chúa Trời ở ngôi thứ ba. Điều này có thể được nêu trong ngôi thứ hai. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Nếu bạn sẽ … quần áo để mặc """ +GEN 28 20 ye9d figs-metonymy 0 on this road on which I am walking This stands for Jacob’s journey to find a wife and to return home. Alternate translation: “on this journey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Điều nầy đứng cho hành trình của Giacốp để tìm một người vợ và để trở về nhà. Bản dịch khác: "" Trên cuộc hành trình này """ +GEN 28 20 vwl3 figs-synecdoche 0 will give me bread to eat Here “bread” stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" bánh mì "" là viết tắt của lương thực nói chung." +GEN 28 21 t1uz 0 Connecting Statement: The vow that began with the words “If God will…clothes to wear” in verse 20 continues here. "Lời thề bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" nếu Đức Chúa Trời muốn … mặc quần áo "" trong câu 20 tiếp tục ở đây." +GEN 28 21 my56 figs-123person 0 so that I return safely…then Yahweh will be my God The vow that began with the words “If God will…clothes to wear” in verse 20 continues here. Jacob is speaking to God in the third person. This can be stated in the second person. “If you will…clothes to wear…so that I return safely…then you, Yahweh, will be the God that I will worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Lời thề bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" nếu Đức Chúa Trời muốn … mặc quần áo "" trong câu 20 tiếp tục ở đây. Gia-cốp đang nói với Đức Chúa Trời trong ngôi thứ ba. Điều này có thể được nói trong ngôi thứ hai. "" Nếu ngươi muốn … mặc quần áo … để ta trở về an toàn … thì, hỡi Đức Giê-hô-va, Ngài sẽ là Đức Chúa Trời mà tôi thờ lạy """ +GEN 28 21 lw1z figs-metonymy 0 to my father’s house Here “house” stands for Jacob’s family. Alternate translation: “to my father and the rest of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của gia đình Gia-cốp. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúc mừng cha tôi và những người còn lại trong gia đình tôi """ +GEN 28 22 auv9 0 a sacred stone This means that the stone will mark the place where God appeared to him and it will be a place where people can worship God. Alternate translation: “God’s house” or “God’s place” "Điều này có nghĩa là hòn đá sẽ đánh dấu nơi Chúa hiện ra với ông và đó sẽ là nơi người ta có thể thờ phượng Chúa. Bản dịch khác: "" Nhà của Đức Chúa Trời "" hoặc "" nơi của Đức Chúa Trời """ +GEN 29 intro cbq8 0 # Genesis 29 General Notes
## Structure and formatting
This chapter records the conflict between Jacob’s wives, Rachel and Leah. This account continues into the next chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Shepherds
Although the exact reasoning for the shepherds’ unwillingness to give water to the sheep is unknown, it is probable they were being lazy. The actions of these shepherds contrast Jacob’s actions.

### Kissing
It was common in the ancient Near East for relatives to greet each other with a kiss. There was nothing sexual about this type of kissing.

### Marriage
It was customary in the ancient Near East for a man to work for a woman’s father in order to earn the right to marry her. It is unknown how common it was for a father to have his younger daughter marry before an older daughter. It was also sinful for Jacob to marry more than one wife. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) "Genesis 29 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Chương này ghi lại cuộc xung đột giữa hai vợ của Gia-cốp, Ra-chên và Lê-a. Sự tường thuật này tiếp tục cho đến chương kế tiếp. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Người chăn +Mặc dù không biết lý do chính xác tại sao người chăn không muốn cho bầy chiên uống nước, nhưng rất có thể họ lười biếng. Hành động của những người chăn chiên này cho thấy hành động của Gia - cốp trái ngược với hành động của họ. Hôn +Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, việc những người bà con chào hỏi nhau bằng một cái hôn là chuyện bình thường. Kiểu hôn này không có gì gợi dục cả. Hôn nhân +Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, đàn ông có phong tục làm việc cho cha của một phụ nữ để giành quyền kết hôn với người đó. Không ai biết việc một người cha gả con gái út trước khi có con gái lớn là chuyện bình thường như thế nào. Việc Gia - cốp cưới nhiều vợ cũng là tội lỗi." +GEN 29 1 lq7q 0 the people of the east This means the people of Paddan Aram, which is a land east of the land of Canaan. Điều nầy có nghĩa là dân xứ Pha-đan Aram, là một dân ở phía đông xứ Canaan. +GEN 29 2 jxn8 0 and, behold, three flocks of sheep were lying there by it The word “behold” marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. "Từ "" kìa "" đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một sự kiện khác trong câu chuyện lớn hơn. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có cách để làm điều này." +GEN 29 2 hn73 writing-background 0 For out of that well “For from that well.” This phrase marks a change from the story to background information about how the shepherds watered the flocks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) """ Vì từ cái giếng đó. "" +Câu này đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về cách những người chăn chiên cho bầy chiên uống nước." +GEN 29 2 lfz9 0 they would water “the shepherds would water” or “those taking care of the sheep would water” """ Những kẻ chăn chiên sẽ cho nước uống "" hoặc "" những kẻ chăn chiên sẽ cho nước uống """ +GEN 29 2 e7ms figs-idiom 0 the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" miệng "" là một cách đề cập đến một lời mở đầu. Bản dịch khác: "" Miệng giếng """ +GEN 29 4 uup8 0 Jacob said to them “Jacob said to the shepherds” """ Giacốp nói cùng những kẻ chăn chiên rằng """ +GEN 29 4 th3u 0 My brothers This is a polite way to greet a stranger. Đây là một cách chào hỏi lịch sự đối với một người lạ. +GEN 29 5 l8t8 0 Laban son of Nahor Here “son” refers to a male descendant. Another possible meaning is “Laban the grandson of Nahor.” "Ở đây "" con trai "" nói đến một hậu tự nam. Một nghĩa khác có thể là "" La - ban, cháu nội của Na - cô "" ." +GEN 29 6 g1kl 0 and, look there, Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep “Now look! Rachel his daughter is coming with the sheep” """ Nhìn kìa! +Ra - chên, con gái người, cùng đến với bầy chiên """ +GEN 29 7 vjn6 0 it is the middle of the day “the sun is still high in the sky” or “the sun is still shining brightly” """ Mặt trời vẫn ở trên cao "" hay "" mặt trời vẫn đang chiếu sáng rực rỡ """ +GEN 29 7 wsp1 figs-activepassive 0 for the flocks to be gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for you to gather the flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Để anh em gom góp bầy """ +GEN 29 7 kul5 figs-explicit 0 to be gathered together This means to gather them together inside a fence for them to stay for the night. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này có nghĩa là tập hợp họ lại bên trong một hàng rào để họ ở lại qua đêm. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng. +GEN 29 7 eea1 0 let them graze “let them eat grass in the field” """ Hãy cho chúng nó ăn cỏ ngoài đồng """ +GEN 29 8 vp42 0 We cannot water them “We have to wait to water them.” This has to do with timing, not permission. """ Chúng ta phải đợi để tưới nước cho chúng. "" +Điều này liên quan đến thời gian, chứ không phải sự cho phép." +GEN 29 8 w41a figs-activepassive 0 until all the flocks are gathered together This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the other shepherds gather their flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Cho đến khi những người chăn khác gom bầy lại """ +GEN 29 8 q2rs figs-idiom 0 from the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “from the well” or “from the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" miệng "" là cách ám chỉ một lời mở đầu. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Từ giếng "" hoặc "" Từ miệng giếng """ +GEN 29 8 f3hm 0 and we will water the sheep “then we will water the sheep” """ Bấy giờ chúng tôi sẽ cho chiên uống nước """ +GEN 29 10 lk18 0 his mother’s brother “his uncle” """ Cậu nó """ +GEN 29 10 l4ls figs-idiom 0 the well’s mouth Here “mouth” is a way of referring to an opening. Alternate translation: “the well” or “the opening of the well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" miệng "" là một cách đề cập đến một lời mở đầu. Một cách dịch khác: "" Cái giếng "" hoặc "" miệng giếng """ +GEN 29 11 dr7v 0 Jacob kissed Rachel In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it is normally done between men. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, người ta thường chào hỏi một người bà con bằng một nụ hôn. Tuy nhiên, thường thì người ta hôn nhau. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có lời chào hỏi trìu mến đối với một người bà con, hãy dùng lời chào đó. Nếu không, hãy dùng những gì thích hợp. +GEN 29 11 bje4 figs-explicit 0 wept loudly Jacob weeps because he is so happy. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Giacốp khóc vì ông quá vui mừng. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm cho rõ ràng. +GEN 29 12 rxl5 0 her father’s relative “related to her father” """ Liên quan đến Cha """ +GEN 29 13 vkr1 0 his sister’s son “his nephew” """ Cháu ngài """ +GEN 29 13 g5et 0 embraced him “hugged him” """ Ôm chầm lấy anh """ +GEN 29 13 arl7 0 kissed him In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. However, it is normally done between men. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, người ta thường chào hỏi một người bà con bằng một nụ hôn. Tuy nhiên, thường thì người ta hôn nhau. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có lời chào hỏi trìu mến đối với một người bà con, hãy dùng lời chào đó. Nếu không, hãy dùng những gì thích hợp. +GEN 29 13 ze3q 0 Jacob told Laban all these things “then Jacob told Laban everything he told Rachel” """ Sau đó Giacốp nói với Laban mọi điều ông đã nói với Ra-chên """ +GEN 29 14 klc2 figs-metonymy 0 my bone and my flesh This phrase means they are directly related. Alternate translation: “my relative” or “a member of my family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Cụm từ này có nghĩa là chúng có liên quan trực tiếp. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Bà con tôi "" hoặc "" Người nhà tôi """ +GEN 29 15 i5a9 figs-rquestion 0 Should you serve me for nothing…my relative? Laban uses a question to emphasize that he should pay Jacob for working for him. The question can be translated as a statement. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “It is certainly right that I should pay you for working for me even though you are my relative.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) "Laban sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng ông ta nên trả công cho Giacốp vì đã làm việc cho ông. Câu hỏi có thể được dịch như một lời tuyên bố. Điều này cũng có thể được nói dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này như sau: "" Thật thích hợp khi tôi trả lương cho anh để làm việc cho tôi dù anh là bà con của tôi "" ." +GEN 29 16 yvd6 writing-background 0 Now Laban had The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Laban and his daughters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Laban và các con gái của ông." +GEN 29 17 daa9 0 Leah’s eyes were tender Possible meanings are (1) “Leah’s eyes were pretty” or (2) “Leah’s eyes were plain” "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" mắt của Leah xinh đẹp "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" mắt của Leah đơn giản """ +GEN 29 18 jsx9 0 Jacob loved Rachel Here the word “loved” refers to a romantic attraction between a man and a woman. "Ở đây chữ "" yêu "" ám chỉ sự thu hút lãng mạn giữa một người nam và một người nữ." +GEN 29 19 d6zk 0 than that I should give her to another man “rather than give her to another man” """ Hơn là giao nàng cho người khác """ +GEN 29 20 p6uz 0 and they seemed to him only a few days “but the time seemed to him to be only a few days” """ Nhưng đối với ông ấy, thời gian dường như chỉ có vài ngày """ +GEN 29 20 p7wx 0 for the love he had for her “on account of the love he had for her” or “because of his love for her” """ Vì tình yêu chàng dành cho nàng "" hoặc "" vì tình yêu chàng dành cho nàng """ +GEN 29 21 nz7t figs-activepassive 0 Give me my wife, for my days have been completed—so that I may marry her! The phrase “have been completed” can be stated in active form. The statement is emphatic. Alternate translation: Give me my wife, so that I may marry her, for I have completed the length of time that I was to work for you!”Give me Rachel so that I may marry her, for I have worked seven years for you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Cụm từ "" đã hoàn tất "" có thể được nêu ở dạng chủ động. Tuyên bố này được nhấn mạnh. Một cách dịch khác là: hãy giao vợ tôi cho tôi, để tôi cưới nàng; vì tôi đã làm việc cho anh em được một thời gian rồi! +"" Hãy giao ra Ra-chên cho tôi, để tôi cưới nàng; vì tôi đã giúp việc cho anh được bảy năm! """ +GEN 29 22 kln5 figs-metonymy 0 made a feast “prepared a wedding feast.” Most likely Laban had others prepare the feast. Alternate translation: “had others prepare a wedding feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Chuẩn bị tiệc cưới. "" +Rất có thể La - ban đã sai người khác sửa soạn tiệc cưới. Bản dịch khác: "" Đã nhờ người khác sửa soạn tiệc cưới """ +GEN 29 23 q4m4 figs-euphemism 0 who went in to her “who had sexual relations with her.” You may need to use other, more polite words here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) """ Người có quan hệ tình dục với cô ta. "" +Có thể bạn cần dùng những từ khác lịch sự hơn ở đây." +GEN 29 24 yic2 writing-background 0 Laban gave his female servant Zilpah…her servant Here the author gives background information about Laban giving Zilpah to Leah. Most likely he gave Zilpah to Leah before the wedding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Here the author gives background information about Laban Giving Zilpah to Leah. Most likely he gave Zilpah to Leah before the wedding. +GEN 29 24 n874 translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. +GEN 29 25 m2hu 0 behold, it was Leah “Jacob was surprised to see it was Leah in bed with him.” The word “behold” here shows that Jacob was surprised by what he saw. """ Jacob ngạc nhiên khi thấy đó là Leah trên giường với cậu ta. "" +Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây cho thấy rằng Gia-cốp đã lấy làm ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông đã nhìn thấy." +GEN 29 25 ji15 figs-rquestion 0 What is this you have done to me? Jacob uses a question to express his anger and surprise. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giacốp sử dụng một câu hỏi để bày tỏ sự giận dữ và ngạc nhiên của ông. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Tôi không thể tin rằng anh đã làm điều này với tôi! """ +GEN 29 25 g6rs figs-rquestion 0 Did I not serve you for Rachel? Jacob uses these questions to express his hurt that Laban had tricked him. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I served you for seven years to marry Rachel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giacốp sử dụng những câu hỏi nầy để bày tỏ sự tổn thương của ông rằng Laban đã lừa ông. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi đã phục vụ cậu bảy năm để cưới Ra - chên! """ +GEN 29 26 gfg2 0 It is not our custom to give “In our family we do not give” """ Trong gia đình chúng tôi, chúng tôi không cho """ +GEN 29 27 ly1t 0 Complete the bridal week of this daughter “Finish celebrating Leah’s bridal week” """ Hãy kết thúc việc ăn mừng tuần lễ cưới của Leah """ +GEN 29 27 vma8 figs-explicit 0 we will give you the other also The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “next week we will give you Rachel also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tuần tới chúng tôi cũng sẽ cho em Ra - chên """ +GEN 29 28 a6qr 0 Jacob did so, and completed Leah’s week “And Jacob did what Laban asked, and finished celebrating Leah’s bridal week” """ Và Gia-cốp đã làm theo lời yêu cầu của La-ban, và kết thúc việc ăn mừng tuần lễ cưới của Lê-a """ +GEN 29 29 g7yl translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. +GEN 29 30 zix1 figs-euphemism 0 Jacob went in to Rachel “Jacob had sexual relations with Rachel.” You may need to use other, more polite words here. See how similar words are translated in [Genesis 29:23](../29/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) """ Jacob có quan hệ tình dục với Rachel. "" +Có lẽ bạn cần dùng những từ khác, lịch sự hơn ở đây. Hãy xem những từ tương tự được dịch [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 23 ] ." +GEN 29 30 q996 0 he loved Rachel This refers to the romantic love between a man and a woman. Điều này ám chỉ tình yêu lãng mạn giữa một người nam và một người nữ. +GEN 29 31 s19a figs-activepassive 0 Leah was not loved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jacob did not love Leah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp không yêu Lê - a """ +GEN 29 31 lk3e figs-hyperbole 0 not loved This is an exaggeration to emphasize that Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah. Alternate translation: “loved less than Rachel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) "Đây là một sự cường điệu để nhấn mạnh rằng Gia-cốp yêu Ra-chên hơn Lê-a. Một cách dịch khác: "" Yêu Ra - chên kém hơn """ +GEN 29 31 t2ud figs-metaphor 0 so he opened her womb God causing Leah to be able to become pregnant is spoken of as if God is opening her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Đức Chúa Trời khiến Lê-a có thể mang thai được nói đến như thể Đức Chúa Trời đang mở tử cung của nàng. +GEN 29 31 snn8 0 was childless “was not able to become pregnant” """ Không thể chịu thai được """ +GEN 29 32 w9x3 0 Leah conceived and bore a son “Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son” """ Lê - a chịu thai và sanh một con trai """ +GEN 29 32 j9j3 translate-names 0 she called his name Reuben Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Reuben means ‘See, a son.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau: "" Tên Ru - bên có nghĩa là ' hãy xem, một con trai ' . """ +GEN 29 32 p4ip figs-abstractnouns 0 Yahweh has looked upon my affliction Leah was experiencing emotional pain because Jacob had rejected her. The abstract noun “affliction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Yahweh saw that I was suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Lê-a đang trải qua sự đau khổ vì Gia-cốp đã khước từ nàng. Danh từ trừu tượng "" hoạn nạn "" có thể được phát biểu như một động từ. Dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va thấy tôi đang chịu khổ """ +GEN 29 33 ff7r 0 Then she conceived “Then Leah became pregnant” """ Lê - a Thọ - Thai """ +GEN 29 33 jl8z 0 bore a son “gave birth to a son” """ Sanh một con trai """ +GEN 29 33 djc1 figs-activepassive 0 Yahweh has heard that I am unloved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has heard that my husband does not love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Đức Giê - hô - va có nghe rằng chồng tôi không yêu tôi """ +GEN 29 33 dlg9 translate-names 0 she called his name Simeon Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Simeon means ‘heard.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Si - mê - ôn có nghĩa là ' nghe ' . """ +GEN 29 34 tv8t 0 will my husband be attached to me “my husband will embrace me” """ Chồng tôi sẽ ôm - ấp tôi """ +GEN 29 34 q2up 0 I have borne him three sons “I have given birth to three sons for him” """ Ta đã sanh cho người ba con trai """ +GEN 29 34 bz8c translate-names 0 his name was called Levi Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Levi means ‘attached.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Lê - vi có nghĩa là ' gắn liền ' . """ +GEN 29 35 x9x6 0 She conceived again “Leah became pregnant again” """ Lê - a Thọ - thai nữa """ +GEN 29 35 acb5 0 bore a son “gave birth to a son” """ Sanh một con trai """ +GEN 29 35 xp9g translate-names 0 she called his name Judah Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Judah means ‘praise.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Giu - đa có nghĩa là ' ngợi khen ' . """ +GEN 30 intro g8rn 0 # Genesis 30 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the story of the conflict between Rachel and Leah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Women and their children
In the ancient Near East, it was important for a married woman to have many children. If a woman did not have many children, people believed it brought shame upon her. This is one of the reasons why Rachel and Leah were always jealous of each other. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]])

### Speckled and spotted
Speckled and spotted sheep were considered to be imperfect. Therefore, they were considered to be much less valuable than the spotless sheep. Despite Jacob’s fair offer, Laban once again tried to cheat him out of something he deserved. Jacob anticipated Laban’s cheating. "Genesis 30 General Notes +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Chương này tiếp tục câu chuyện về cuộc xung đột giữa Ra-chên và Lê-a. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Phụ nữ và con cái họ +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, điều quan trọng đối với một phụ nữ đã có gia đình là có nhiều con. Nếu một phụ nữ không có nhiều con, người ta tin rằng điều đó làm cho bà xấu hổ. Đây là một trong những lý do tại sao Ra - chên và Lê - a luôn luôn ghen ghét nhau. Chấm và chấm +Chiên đốm và đốm được xem là bất toàn. Do đó, chúng được xem là kém giá trị hơn nhiều so với chiên không có đốm. Bất chấp lời đề nghị công bằng của Gia - cốp, một lần nữa La - ban lại tìm cách lừa gạt ông về điều mà ông đáng phải chịu. Gia-cốp đã lường trước sự lừa dối của La-ban." +GEN 30 1 b8mq 0 When Rachel saw that she bore Jacob no children “When Rachel realized that she was unable to become preganant” """ Khi Rachel nhận ra rằng cô không thể trở thành Preganant """ +GEN 30 1 ct56 figs-hyperbole 0 I will die Rachel is exaggerating to show how upset she is about not having children. Alternate translation: “I will feel completely worthless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) "Rachel đang phóng đại để cho thấy cô ấy buồn bực thế nào về việc không có con. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi sẽ cảm thấy mình hoàn toàn vô dụng """ +GEN 30 1 v6l6 0 Give me children “Cause me to become pregnant” """ Hãy làm cho tôi mang thai """ +GEN 30 2 rs2s figs-metaphor 0 Jacob’s anger burned against Rachel Jacob’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Jacob was very angry with Rachel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cơn giận của Gia-cốp được nói đến như thể nó là một ngọn lửa. Một cách dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp rất giận Ra - chên """ +GEN 30 2 b7dm figs-rquestion 0 Am I in the place of God, who has kept you from having children? This is a rhetorical question that Jacob uses to scold Rachel. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not God! I am not the one who is preventing you from having children!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Đây là một câu hỏi tu từ mà Gia-cốp sử dụng để quở trách Ra-chên. Nó có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản khác dịch: "" Tôi không phải là Đức Chúa Trời! +Ta không phải là Đấng đang ngăn cản không cho ngươi có Con! """ +GEN 30 3 dh9k 0 She said “Rachel said” """ Rachel nói … """ +GEN 30 3 y5pn 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" Lắng nghe "" hoặc "" Chú ý đến những gì tôi sắp nói với bạn """ +GEN 30 3 rc5q figs-explicit 0 there is my servant Bilhah…I will have children by her At that time, this was an acceptable way for a barren woman to have children that would legally belong to her. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Vào thời đó, đây là cách có thể chấp nhận được để một phụ nữ son sẻ có con hợp pháp. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. +GEN 30 3 u6p8 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 30 3 fqb3 figs-euphemism 0 Go in to her This is a polite way of talking about sexual relations. You may need to use different words in your language. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự về quan hệ tính dục. Có thể bạn cần dùng những từ khác nhau trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với cô ấy """ +GEN 30 3 jt2n figs-idiom 0 on my knees This is a way of saying that the child that Bilhah gives birth to will belong to Rachel. Alternate translation: “for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là cách nói rằng đứa trẻ mà Bi-la sinh ra sẽ thuộc về Ra-chên. Một cách dịch khác: "" Cho tôi """ +GEN 30 3 fu33 0 I will have children by her “and in this way she will cause me to have children” """ Bằng cách ấy, nàng sẽ làm cho tôi có con """ +GEN 30 4 m19u figs-euphemism 0 Jacob went in to her This is a polite way of talking about sexual relations. You may need to use different words in your language. Alternate translation: “Jacob had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự về quan hệ tính dục. Có thể bạn cần dùng những từ khác nhau trong ngôn ngữ của mình. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp ăn nằm với nàng """ +GEN 30 5 e6rx 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 30 5 j1wf 0 bore Jacob a son “gave birth to a son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 6 m82y 0 she called his name “Rachel gave him the name” """ Rachel đã đặt tên cho nó """ +GEN 30 6 qy9x translate-names 0 called his name Dan Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Dan means ‘he judged.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Đan có nghĩa là ' người phán xét ' . [ Chú thích ]" +GEN 30 7 d11y 0 Bilhah…conceived again “Bilhah…became pregnant again” """ Bi - la. . . lại chịu thai nữa """ +GEN 30 7 e4tc 0 bore Jacob a second son “gave birth to a second son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai thứ nhì cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 8 xbz2 figs-idiom 0 With mighty wrestlings have I wrestled with my sister The phrase “wrestlings have I wrestled” is an idiom used for emphasis. It is also a metaphor that speaks of Rachel’s attempts to have a child like her sister as if she were having a physical fight with Leah. Alternate translation: “I have had a great struggle to have children like my older sister, Leah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" Tôi đã có vật lộn cùng nhau "" là một thành ngữ được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh. Đó cũng là một ẩn dụ nói tới những nỗ lực của Ra-chên để có một đứa con giống như em gái mình như thể nàng đang có một cuộc chiến thể xác với Lê-a. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi đã rất vất vả để có những đứa con giống như chị tôi là Lê - a """ +GEN 30 8 p9q6 0 have prevailed “I have won” or “I have succeeded” """ Tôi đã thắng "" hay "" Tôi đã thành công """ +GEN 30 8 gy77 0 called his name Naphtali Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Naphtali means ‘my struggle.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Nép - ta - li có nghĩa là ' sự tranh đấu của tôi ' . """ +GEN 30 9 n7if 0 When Leah saw that “When Leah became aware that” """ Khi Lê - a đã biết rằng """ +GEN 30 9 ct6f 0 she took Zilpah, her servant, and gave her to Jacob as a wife “she gave Zilpah, her servant, to Jacob as a wife” """ Nàng cưới Xinh - ba, tôi - tớ nàng, làm vợ Gia - cốp """ +GEN 30 9 mw56 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách ông dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 24 ] . +GEN 30 10 pf1k 0 bore Jacob a son “gave birth to a son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 11 ml48 0 This is fortunate! “How fortunate!” or “What good luck!” """ May mắn quá! "" +hay "" Thật may mắn! """ +GEN 30 11 hmk8 0 called his name Gad Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Gad means ‘fortunate.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" Tên Gát có nghĩa là ' may mắn ' . """ +GEN 30 12 sp7h translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 24 ] . +GEN 30 12 cbx9 0 bore Jacob a second son “gave birth to a second son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai thứ nhì cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 13 c2du 0 I am happy! “How blessed I am!” or “How happy I am!” """ Ta sung sướng làm sao! "" +Hay "" Tôi hạnh phúc biết bao! """ +GEN 30 13 i9pt 0 the daughters “the women” or “the young women” """ Những người nữ "" hay "" những người nữ """ +GEN 30 13 q84q translate-names 0 called his name Asher Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Asher means ‘happy.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng "" tên Asher có nghĩa là ' hạnh phúc ' . """ +GEN 30 14 k7d6 0 Reuben went “Reuben went out” """ Reuben đi ra ngoài """ +GEN 30 14 yv13 figs-idiom 0 in the days of wheat harvest Here the phrase “in the days of” is an idiom that refers to the season or time of year. Alternate translation: “at the time of year of the wheat harvest” or “during the wheat harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây cụm từ "" trong những ngày của "" là một thành ngữ nói đến mùa hay thời điểm trong năm. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vào mùa gặt lúa mì "" hoặc "" vào mùa gặt lúa mì "" ." +GEN 30 14 t6zn translate-unknown 0 mandrakes This is a fruit that was said to increase fertility and the desire to sleep with one’s lover. Alternate translation: “love fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) "Đây là một loại trái cây được cho là làm tăng khả năng sinh sản và mong muốn ngủ với người yêu của mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" trái yêu thương """ +GEN 30 15 uq87 figs-rquestion 0 Is it a small matter to you…my husband? “Do you not care…my husband?” This is a rhetorical question used to scold Rachel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is bad enough…my husband.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) """ Cô không quan tâm … chồng tôi sao? "" +Đây là một câu hỏi tu từ thường được dùng để trách móc Rachel. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch thành một lời tuyên bố. Dịch thay thế: "" Đã đủ tồi tệ rồi … chồng tôi. """ +GEN 30 15 h684 figs-rquestion 0 Do you now want…too? This is a rhetorical question, used to scold Rachel. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want…too!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Đây là một câu hỏi tu từ, được dùng để trách móc Rachel. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Dịch thay thế: "" Bây giờ bạn muốn … cũng vậy! """ +GEN 30 15 ku4g figs-euphemism 0 Then he will lie with you Here “lie with” is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Then Jacob will have sexual intercourse with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ở đây "" nằm với "" là một uyển ngữ. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Bấy giờ, Gia-cốp sẽ ăn nằm cùng ngươi "" ." +GEN 30 16 y5di figs-euphemism 0 You must come in to me Here “come in to” is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “You must have sexual intercourse with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ở đây, cụm từ "" vào trong "" là một uyển ngữ. Dịch cách khác: "" Anh phải có quan hệ tình dục với em """ +GEN 30 16 c6r1 0 with my son’s mandrakes “for the price of my son’s mandrakes.” See how you translated “mandrake” in [Genesis 30:14](../30/14.md). """ Với giá những cây nhân sâm của con trai tôi. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" trái phong già "" trong Sáng - thế Ký 30: 14." +GEN 30 17 k8h8 0 she conceived “She became pregnant” """ Nàng thọ thai """ +GEN 30 17 ew6t 0 bore Jacob a fifth son “gave birth to a fifth son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai thứ năm cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 18 k9kl figs-metaphor 0 God has given me my wages God rewarding Leah is spoken of as if he were a boss paying wages to someone who works for him. Alternate translation: “God has given my due” or “God has rewarded me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đức Chúa Trời ban thưởng cho Lê-a được nói đến như thể ông là một ông chủ trả lương cho ai đó làm việc cho mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã ban phần thưởng cho tôi "" hoặc "" Đức Chúa Trời đã ban thưởng cho tôi """ +GEN 30 18 n1d3 0 She called his name Issachar Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Issachar means ‘there is a reward.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm lời ghi chú như sau: "" Tên Y - sa - ca có nghĩa là "" phần thưởng "" . """ +GEN 30 19 u4y3 0 Leah conceived again “Leah became pregnant again” """ Lê - a Thọ - thai nữa """ +GEN 30 19 i5p8 0 bore a sixth son to Jacob “gave birth to a sixth son for Jacob” """ Sanh một con trai thứ sáu cho Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 20 my2k 0 She called his name Zebulun Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Zebulun means ‘honor.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm lời ghi chú như sau: "" Tên Sa - bu - lôn có nghĩa là ' tôn trọng ' . """ +GEN 30 21 glq4 translate-names 0 called her name Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên con gái của Leah. +GEN 30 22 tj2w figs-idiom 0 God called Rachel to mind and listened to her The phrase “call to mind” means to remember. This does not mean God forgot about Rachel. It means he considered her request. Alternate translation: “God considered Rachel and granted to her what she wanted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" nhớ lại "" có nghĩa là ghi nhớ. Điều này không có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời quên Ra - chên. Nó có nghĩa là ngài xem xét lời cầu xin của nàng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời xem Ra - chên và ban cho nàng điều nàng muốn """ +GEN 30 23 ql6d figs-metaphor 0 God has taken away my shame God causing Rachel to no longer feel ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that person could take away from someone else. The abstract noun “shame” can be stated as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “God has caused me to no longer feel ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Đức Chúa Trời khiến cho Ra - chên không còn cảm thấy xấu hổ được nói đến như thể "" sự xấu hổ "" là một đối tượng mà người đó có thể lấy của người khác. Danh từ trừu tượng "" xấu hổ "" có thể được gọi là "" xấu hổ "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã làm cho tôi không còn cảm thấy xấu hổ """ +GEN 30 24 lyt5 translate-names 0 She called his name Joseph Translators may also add a footnote that says: “The name Joseph means ‘may he add.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm lời ghi chú như sau: "" Tên Giô - sép có nghĩa là ' cầu xin thêm ' . """ +GEN 30 24 lif6 0 Yahweh has added to me another son Rachel’s first sons were through her female servant Bilhah. Các con trai đầu của Ra - chên qua Bi - la, một đầy tớ gái của bà. +GEN 30 25 a2ai 0 After Rachel had borne Joseph “After Rachel gave birth to Joseph” """ Sau khi Ra-chên sanh Giô-sép """ +GEN 30 26 jpd7 0 and let me go “so I can go” """ Để tôi có thể đi """ +GEN 30 26 n1c9 figs-abstractnouns 0 you know the service I have given you Jacob is reminding Laban of their contract ([Genesis Gen 29:27](../29/26.md)). The abstract noun “service” can be stated as “served.” Alternate translation: “you know that I have served you long enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Giacốp đang nhắc nhở Laban về giao ước của họ ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 29: 27 ] ) . Danh từ trừu tượng "" phục vụ "" có thể được nêu là "" phục vụ "" . Dịch Luân Phiên: "" Ngươi biết rằng ta đã phục vụ ngươi đủ lâu rồi """ +GEN 30 27 wnz1 0 Laban said to him “Laban said to Jacob” """ Laban nói cùng Giacốp """ +GEN 30 27 f6ny figs-metaphor 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc phán xét. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Nếu tôi được lòng anh em "" hoặc "" Nếu anh em vui lòng "" ." +GEN 30 27 hl6m figs-idiom 0 found favor This is an idiom that means that someone is approved of by someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Đây là một thành ngữ có ý nói rằng ai đó được sự chấp thuận của một người khác. +GEN 30 27 f5lu 0 wait, because “please stay, because” """ Hãy ở lại, vì """ +GEN 30 27 ww4z 0 I have learned by using divination “I have discovered by my own spiritual and magical practices” """ Tôi đã khám phá ra nhờ những thực hành tâm linh và ma thuật của chính tôi """ +GEN 30 27 nl2u 0 for your sake “because of you” """ Vì các ngươi """ +GEN 30 28 unx9 figs-explicit 0 Name your wages This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “Tell me how much I have to pay to keep you here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được làm rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Hãy nói cho tôi biết tôi phải trả bao nhiêu để giữ anh ở lại đây """ +GEN 30 29 wk5n 0 Jacob said to him “Jacob said to Laban” """ Giacốp nói cùng Laban """ +GEN 30 29 va18 0 how your livestock have fared with me “how well your livestock have done since I started taking care of them” """ Bầy gia súc của ông đã làm ăn khấm khá ra sao kể từ khi tôi bắt đầu chăm sóc chúng """ +GEN 30 30 wm8b 0 For you had little before I came “your herds were small before I worked for you” """ Các bầy vật của các ngươi hãy còn nhỏ trước khi ta làm việc cho các ngươi """ +GEN 30 30 cxf4 0 and it has increased abundantly “but now your wealth has greatly increased” """ Nhưng bây giờ của cải ngươi thêm nhiều lên """ +GEN 30 30 yq88 figs-rquestion 0 Now when will I provide for my own household also? “Now when will I take care of my own family?” Jacob uses a question to emphasize that he wants to start providing for his own family. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now I want to take care of my family!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) """ Bây giờ, khi nào thì tôi sẽ chăm sóc gia đình mình đây? "" +Gia-cốp sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng ông muốn bắt đầu chu cấp cho gia đình riêng của ông. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Dịch thay thế: "" Bây giờ tôi muốn chăm sóc gia đình tôi! """ +GEN 30 31 guq7 figs-explicit 0 What will I pay you “What can I pay you” or “What can I give you.” This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “What can I pay you so that you stay and work for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Tôi có thể trả cho bạn bao nhiêu "" hoặc "" Tôi có thể cho bạn bao nhiêu "" . Điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi có thể trả bạn bao nhiêu để bạn ở lại và làm việc cho tôi """ +GEN 30 31 p7p2 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 If you will do this thing for me The connecting word “But” can be used at the beginning to show that what Jacob is about to say contrasts with what he just said. Alternate translation: “But if you will do this thing for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Từ nối "" nhưng "" có thể được sử dụng ở phần đầu để cho thấy rằng những gì Giacốp sắp sửa nói tương phản với những gì ông vừa nói. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Nhưng nếu anh sẽ làm điều này cho tôi """ +GEN 30 31 b25k 0 this thing The phrase “this thing” refers to what Jacob will propose in verse 32. "Nhóm từ "" việc này "" ám chỉ điều Gia-cốp sẽ đề xuất trong câu 32." +GEN 30 31 b9ys 0 feed your flock and keep it “feed and take care of your flock” """ Hãy chăn bầy và săn - sóc bầy """ +GEN 30 32 d9j2 0 removing from it every speckled and spotted sheep, and every black one among the sheep, and the spotted and speckled among the goats “and remove every sheep with spots, every black sheep, and every goat with spots” """ Khá diệt hết các chiên con có rằn, các chiên con có đốm, và các dê con có rằn """ +GEN 30 32 nqn7 0 These will be my wages “This will be the cost of keeping me here” """ Đây sẽ là cái giá để giữ tôi lại đây """ +GEN 30 33 rd2c figs-personification 0 My integrity will testify for me later on The word “integrity” means “honesty.” This speaks about integrity as if it were a person who could testify for or against another person. Alternate translation: “And later you will know if I have been honest with you or not” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Chữ "" thanh liêm "" có nghĩa là "" lương thiện "" . Điều này nói về sự thanh liêm như thể đó là một người có thể làm chứng cho hay chống lại một người khác. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Và sau này anh em sẽ biết tôi có trung thực với anh em hay không """ +GEN 30 33 c2ni figs-activepassive 0 Every one that is not speckled and spotted among the goats, and black among the sheep, if any are found with me, will be considered to be stolen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find any goats without spots or any sheep that are not black, you can consider them stolen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nếu bạn tìm thấy con dê nào không có đốm hoặc con cừu nào không có màu đen, bạn có thể xem chúng là bị đánh cắp """ +GEN 30 34 uk57 0 Let it be according to your word “Let it be as you say” or “We will do what you have said” """ Hãy làm theo lời ngươi nói "" hay "" Chúng ta sẽ làm theo lời ngươi đã nói """ +GEN 30 35 w5h3 0 that were striped and spotted “that had stripes and spots” """ Có sọc và chấm """ +GEN 30 35 vgj7 0 that were speckled and spotted “that had spots” """ Nó có đốm """ +GEN 30 35 yj5c 0 every one that had white in it “every goat that had some white in it” """ Mọi con dê có ít lông trắng """ +GEN 30 35 wxg5 0 all the black ones among the sheep “all the black sheep” """ Tất cả những con chiên ghẻ """ +GEN 30 35 kx5r figs-metonymy 0 gave them into the hand Here “hand” stands for control or care. Alternate translation: “had his sons take care of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của sự kiểm soát hay chăm sóc. Một cách dịch khác: "" Để các con trai Ngài chăm sóc họ """ +GEN 30 37 q2ef translate-unknown 0 fresh poplar…almond…plane tree These are all trees with white wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Đây là những cái cây với gỗ trắng. +GEN 30 37 i1xk 0 peeled white streaks in them, and made the white inner wood appear that was in the sticks “peeled off pieces of bark so that the white wood underneath would show” """ Lột bỏ những mảnh vỏ cây để lộ ra lớp gỗ trắng bên dưới """ +GEN 30 38 m1gg 0 the watering troughs long open containers for holding water for animals to drink Những thùng chứa mở rộng để đựng nước cho động vật uống +GEN 30 39 w5f7 0 The flocks bred “The animals of the flocks conceived” or “The animals mated” """ Những thú vật của bầy đã chịu thai "" hoặc "" những thú vật đã giao phối """ +GEN 30 39 u7ap 0 produced striped, speckled, and spotted young “gave birth to babies with stripes and spots” """ Sanh con cái có sọc và đốm """ +GEN 30 40 i58f figs-explicit 0 Jacob separated It can be made explicit that this happened over several years. Alternate translation: “During the several years following, Jacob separated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể nói rõ rằng điều này đã xảy ra trong nhiều năm. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trong những năm sau đó, Gia - cốp ly thân """ +GEN 30 40 ff1z 0 face toward “look toward” """ Hãy nhìn xem """ +GEN 30 40 y79l 0 he separated out his flocks for himself alone “he set his flocks apart” """ Ngài để riêng bầy mình ra """ +GEN 30 41 l916 figs-synecdoche 0 before the eyes of the flock Here the flock’s “eyes” represent the sheep and emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “so that the flock could see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mắt "" của bầy chiên tiêu biểu cho bầy chiên và nhấn mạnh những gì chúng thấy. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Để bầy có thể thấy chúng "" ." +GEN 30 41 s3qy 0 among the sticks “in front of the sticks” """ Trước mặt kẻ bị đòn """ +GEN 30 42 sm36 0 the feebler animals “the weaker animals” """ Những vật yếu - đuối hơn """ +GEN 30 42 z6j6 figs-explicit 0 So the feebler animals were Laban’s, and the stronger were Jacob’s “So the weaker offspring belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring belonged to Jacob.” You can make this even more explicit. Alternate translation: “So the weaker offspring did not have stripes or spots and so belonged to Laban, while the stronger offspring did have stripes or spots and so belonged to Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Vậy, con yếu - đuối hơn thuộc về La - ban; còn dòng - dõi mạnh - mẽ hơn thuộc về Gia - cốp "" . Bạn có thể làm cho điều này trở nên rõ ràng hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Vậy, con cháu yếu đuối hơn thì không có vằn hay đốm và vì thế thuộc về La - ban, trong khi con cháu mạnh mẽ hơn thì có vằn hay đốm và vì thế thuộc về Gia - cốp """ +GEN 30 43 qp8n 0 The man “Jacob” """ Gia-cốp """ +GEN 30 43 be3r 0 became very prosperous “greatly prospered” or “became very wealthy” """ Rất thịnh vượng "" hoặc "" trở nên rất giàu có """ +GEN 31 intro zw5h 0 # Genesis 31 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s blessing
When Jacob left Paddam Aram, he left very wealthy. Despite his punishment of exile from Canaan, God still blessed Jacob and his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Household gods
Although a few scholars believe the possession of the household gods was a sign of inheritance, this seems unlikely. It is probable that Rachel believed these idols would bring them “good luck” and would bring them great blessing. This was sinful because they were to trust in Yahweh, who already promised to bless them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Irony
Laban’s sons complained that Jacob cheated them out of their father’s possessions. It was their father who tried to cheat Jacob out of what he promised to give Jacob. Jacob treated his brother Esau in the same way. Jacob cheated Esau out of their father’s blessing. "Sáng thế ký 31 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +ƠN PHƯỚC CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Khi Giacốp rời Paddam Aram, ông đã bỏ đi rất giàu có. Bất chấp hình phạt lưu đày khỏi Ca-na-an, Đức Chúa Trời vẫn chúc phước cho Gia-cốp và gia đình ông. Các thần trong nhà +Mặc dù một số học giả tin rằng việc sở hữu các thần trong nhà là một dấu hiệu thừa kế, điều này dường như không thể xảy ra. Rất có thể Ra - chên tin rằng những thần tượng này sẽ đem lại "" may mắn "" cho họ và mang lại cho họ nhiều ân phước. Điều này là tội lỗi vì họ phải tin cậy nơi Đức Giê - hô - va, Đấng đã hứa ban phước cho họ. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +Mỉa mai +Các con trai của La-ban phàn nàn rằng Gia-cốp đã lừa dối họ để chiếm đoạt tài sản của cha họ. Chính cha của họ đã tìm cách lừa dối Gia-cốp về những gì ông hứa ban cho Gia-cốp. Gia - cốp cũng đối xử với em mình là Ê - sau như thế. Gia-cốp đã lừa dối Ê-sau về sự chúc phước của cha họ." +GEN 31 1 q6pl 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một chỗ đứt đoạn trong dòng câu chuyện chính. Ở đây tác giả bắt đầu kể một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 31 1 bae1 0 Jacob heard the words of Laban’s sons, that they said “Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were saying” """ Gia - cốp nghe nói các con La - ban nói vậy """ +GEN 31 1 j4tu figs-hyperbole 0 Jacob has taken away all that was our father’s Laban’s sons were exaggerating because they were angry. Alternate translation: “Everything that Jacob has taken belonged to our father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) "Các con trai của Laban đã phóng đại vì họ nổi giận. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Mọi thứ Gia-cốp đã lấy đều thuộc về Cha chúng ta "" ." +GEN 31 2 dj32 figs-parallelism 0 Jacob saw the look on Laban’s face. He saw that his attitude toward him had changed These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second explains the look that Jacob saw on Laban’s face. Alternate translation: “Jacob noticed that Laban was no longer pleased with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Hai câu này về cơ bản có nghĩa như nhau. Câu thứ hai giải thích cái nhìn mà Gia-cốp thấy trên mặt La-ban. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp để ý thấy La - ban không còn hài lòng về ông nữa "" ." +GEN 31 3 dy3j 0 your fathers “your father Isaac and your grandfather Abraham” """ Cha ngươi, Y-sác, và ông nội ngươi, Áp-ra-ham """ +GEN 31 4 s242 0 Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field to his flock “Jacob sent for Rachel and Leah and told them to meet him out in the field with the flocks” """ Gia - cốp bèn gọi Ra - chên và Lê - a, biểu họ gặp mình ngoài đồng với các bầy chiên """ +GEN 31 5 zwf5 figs-sentences 0 and said to them You can start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He said to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-sentences]]) "Bạn có thể bắt đầu một câu mới ở đây. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Ngài phán với họ """ +GEN 31 5 m3hk 0 I see your father’s attitude toward me has changed “I have noticed your father is no longer pleased with me” """ Ta nhận thấy Cha các ngươi chẳng còn đẹp lòng về ta nữa """ +GEN 31 6 j527 figs-you 0 You know that it is with all my strength that I have served your father The word “you” here refers to both Rachel and Leah. It also adds emphasis. Alternate translation: “You yourselves know that I have served your father with all my strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Chữ "" các ngươi "" ở đây ám chỉ cả Ra - chên lẫn Lê - a. Nó cũng nhấn mạnh thêm. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Chính các ngươi biết rằng Ta đã phụng sự Cha các ngươi hết sức """ +GEN 31 7 z2br 0 has deceived me “has lied to me” or “has not treated me fairly” """ Đã nói dối tôi "" hoặc "" Đã đối xử không công bằng với tôi """ +GEN 31 7 gi9n 0 my wages “what he said he would pay me” """ Điều Ngài đã phán Ngài sẽ trả cho tôi """ +GEN 31 7 j7hr 0 to hurt me Possible meanings are (1) physical harm or (2) to cause Jacob to suffer in any way. Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) sự tổn hại về thể xác hoặc ( 2 ) làm cho Giacốp đau khổ dưới bất cứ hình thức nào. +GEN 31 8 czw6 0 The speckled animals “The animals with spots” """ Các loài thú có đốm """ +GEN 31 8 cah9 0 the flock bore “the flock gave birth to” """ Bầy sanh - sản """ +GEN 31 8 yfc5 0 The striped “The animals with stripes” """ Các loài thú có sọc """ +GEN 31 9 z1nb 0 In this way God has taken away the livestock of your father and given them to me “This is how God gave your father’s animals to me” """ Nầy là cách mà Đức Chúa Trời đã ban các con vật của Cha ngươi cho Ta """ +GEN 31 10 ff24 0 General Information: Jacob continues his story to his wives Leah and Rachel. Gia-cốp tiếp tục câu chuyện của mình với hai người vợ của ông là Lê-a và Ra-chên. +GEN 31 10 b7lk 0 Once at the time of breeding season “During the breeding season” """ Trong mùa sinh sản """ +GEN 31 10 g7hi figs-synecdoche 0 mating with the flock Here “flock” represents only the female goats. Alternate translation: “mating with the female goats of the flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" bầy "" chỉ tượng trưng cho dê cái. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Giao phối với dê cái của bầy """ +GEN 31 10 bp2h 0 were striped, speckled, and spotted “had stripes, little spots, and big spots” """ Có vằn, có chấm, có đốm """ +GEN 31 11 sp9t 0 angel of God Possible meanings are (1) God himself appeared as a man or (2) one of God’s messengers appeared. Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as “the angel of God,” using the normal word that you use for “angel.” "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) chính Đức Chúa Trời đã hiện ra như một con người hay ( 2 ) một trong những sứ giả của Đức Chúa Trời đã hiện ra. Vì cụm từ này không được hiểu rõ, tốt nhất nên dịch là "" thiên sứ của Đức Chúa Trời "" , dùng từ thông thường mà bạn dùng để gọi "" thiên sứ "" ." +GEN 31 11 t3sj 0 I said “And I answered” """ Và tôi đã trả lời """ +GEN 31 11 z5w7 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” or “Yes, what is it?” See how you translated this in [Genesis 22:1](../22/01.md). """ Vâng, tôi đang lắng nghe đây "" hay "" Vâng, có chuyện gì vậy? "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 22: 1 ] ." +GEN 31 12 qi7z 0 General Information: The angel of the Lord continues to talk to Jacob ([Genesis 31:10](../31/10.md)). Thiên sứ của Chúa tiếp tục nói chuyện với Giacốp ( [ Sáng Thế Ký 31: 10 ] ) . +GEN 31 12 ta2d figs-idiom 0 Lift up your eyes This is a way of saying “Look up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một cách nói "" Hãy nhìn lên. """ +GEN 31 12 zf86 figs-synecdoche 0 that are breeding with the flock Here “flock” stands for only the female goats. Alternate translation: “that are breeding with the female goats of the flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" bầy "" chỉ có nghĩa là dê cái. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Đang chăn nuôi dê cái trong bầy """ +GEN 31 12 w88y 0 are striped, speckled, and spotted “have stripes and spots” """ Có sọc, có dấu """ +GEN 31 13 c737 translate-symaction 0 where you anointed a pillar Jacob poured oil on the pillar to dedicate it to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Giacốp đổ dầu lên cây cột để dâng hiến nó cho Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 31 13 qa2q 0 the land of your birth “the land where you were born” """ Xứ mà ngươi đã sanh - sản """ +GEN 31 14 bwh9 0 Rachel and Leah answered and said to him This does not mean they talked at the same time. It emphasizes they agreed with each other. Điều này không có nghĩa là họ nói chuyện cùng một lúc. Nó nhấn mạnh rằng họ đồng ý với nhau. +GEN 31 14 ir9t figs-rquestion 0 Is there any portion or inheritance for us in our father’s house? Rachel and Leah use a question to emphasize that there is nothing left for their father to give. Alternate translation: “There is absolutely nothing left for us to inherit from our father!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Ra - chên và Lê - a dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng cha họ không còn gì để cho nữa. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Chúng ta không còn gì để thừa hưởng từ Cha chúng ta! """ +GEN 31 15 sxw7 figs-rquestion 0 Are we not treated by him as foreigners? They use a question to show their anger about how their father treats them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Our father treats us like a foreign women instead of daughters!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Chúng dùng một câu hỏi để cho thấy sự tức giận về cách Cha chúng đối xử với chúng. Điều này có thể được nói ra dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Thay vì đối xử với con gái, cha chúng ta đối xử với chúng ta như người ngoại! """ +GEN 31 15 y7ge figs-explicit 0 For he has sold us This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “He has sold us for his own gain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được làm rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ngài đã bán chúng ta vì lợi riêng của Ngài """ +GEN 31 15 z4i2 figs-metaphor 0 has also completely devoured our money Laban completely using up the money that he should have given to his daughters is spoken of as if he were a wild beast that ate the money as if it were food. Alternate translation: “he completely used up our money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "La - ban dùng hết số tiền mà lẽ ra ông phải đưa cho các con gái mình, được nói đến như thể ông là một con thú dữ ăn hết số tiền đó như thể nó là thức ăn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông ấy đã dùng hết tiền của chúng tôi """ +GEN 31 16 vbk7 0 are now ours and our children’s “belongs to us and to our children” """ Thuộc về ta và con - cái ta """ +GEN 31 16 vi8d 0 Now then Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Ở đây "" bây giờ "" không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đây." +GEN 31 16 g6k9 0 whatever God has said to you, do it “do all that God has told you” """ Hãy làm mọi điều Đức Chúa Trời đã phán dặn """ +GEN 31 17 vr3n figs-explicit 0 his sons Jacob took all of his children. It only mentions the sons because they are important as his heirs. Alternate translation: “his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Gia-cốp đã lấy hết các con của mình. Điều đó chỉ đề cập đến các con trai vì họ quan trọng với tư cách những người thừa kế của ông. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Con cái của ông """ +GEN 31 18 n4b2 0 He drove all his livestock “He drove all his cattle.” Here “livestock” is referring to all his domesticate animals. """ Ông ta lùa tất cả gia súc của mình. "" +Ở đây "" gia súc "" là ám chỉ tất cả các loài vật thuần hóa của anh ta." +GEN 31 18 xzk2 0 including the livestock he had acquired in Paddan Aram “and the other herd of cattle which he took ownership of when he was in Paddan Aram” """ Và đàn bò kia mà hắn đã chiếm hữu khi còn ở Paddan Aram """ +GEN 31 18 pgg7 0 Then he set out to go to his father Isaac in the land of Canaan “He went to the land of Canaan, where his father Isaac lived” """ Người đi đến xứ Ca - na - an, là nơi cha mình là Y - sác đã ở """ +GEN 31 19 ct6p 0 When Laban had gone to shear his sheep “When Laban had left to cut the wool off of his sheep” """ Khi La - ban đã để chiên hớt lông """ +GEN 31 21 rq4h 0 the River This refers to the Euphrates River. Điều này ám chỉ đến sông Ơ-phơ-rát. +GEN 31 21 e57v 0 headed toward “traveled toward” """ Đi đến """ +GEN 31 21 xdn1 0 the hill country of Gilead “the mountains of Gilead” or “Mount Gilead” """ Núi Ga - la - át "" hay "" Núi Ga - la - át """ +GEN 31 22 w2bp 0 On the third day It was Jewish custom to count the day of departure as day one. Alternate translation: “Two days after they had left” "Tục lệ của người Do Thái là tính ngày khởi hành là ngày thứ nhất. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hai ngày sau khi họ ra đi """ +GEN 31 22 fsz8 figs-activepassive 0 Laban was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Laban” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Ai đó đã nói với La - ban """ +GEN 31 22 rjd6 figs-explicit 0 that Jacob had fled Only Jacob is mentioned because he is the leader of the family. It can be made explicit that his family went with him. Alternate translation: “that Jacob had fled with his wives and children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chỉ có Giacốp được kể đến vì ông là người lãnh đạo của gia đình. Có thể nói rõ rằng gia đình đi theo ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp cùng vợ con bỏ trốn """ +GEN 31 23 v1il 0 So he took “So Laban took” """ Vậy La ban lấy """ +GEN 31 23 c1wi 0 pursued him “chased after Jacob” """ Đuổi theo Giacốp """ +GEN 31 23 vs2j 0 for a seven days’ journey Laban spent seven days walking to catch up to Jacob. Laban đã bỏ ra bảy ngày đi bộ để đuổi kịp Giacốp. +GEN 31 23 x5mw 0 He overtook him “He caught up to him” """ Ngài theo kịp người """ +GEN 31 24 i4gj writing-background 0 Now God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream at night The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Laban. Alternate translation: “That night God came to Laban in a dream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Laban. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trong giấc chiêm bao, Đức Chúa Trời hiện đến cùng La - ban """ +GEN 31 24 s2du figs-merism 0 Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The phrase “good nor bad” are used together to mean “anything.” Alternate translation: “Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) "Nhóm từ "" tốt hay xấu "" được dùng chung với nhau để có nghĩa là "" bất cứ điều gì "" . Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đừng nói bất cứ điều gì để cố gắng và ngăn trở Gia-cốp ra đi """ +GEN 31 25 c3nf writing-background 0 Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country. Laban also camped with his relatives in the hill country of Gilead The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob and Laban. Alternate translation: “When Laban caught up with Jacob, Jacob had set up camp in the hill country. Then Laban and his relatives also camped in the hill country of Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Giacốp và Laban. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khi La - ban đuổi kịp Gia - cốp, Gia - cốp đã dựng trại trên núi. Rồi La - ban và những người bà con cũng đóng trại trên Núi Ga - la - át """ +GEN 31 26 dg9e figs-simile 0 carried away my daughters like prisoners of war Laban speaks about Jacob taking his family with him back to the land of Canaan as if Jacob took them as prisoners after a battle and is forcing them to go with him. Laban is exaggerating because he is angry and is trying to make Jacob feel guilty for what he did. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) Laban nói về việc Giacốp đem gia đình mình trở về xứ Canaan như thể Giacốp đã bắt họ làm tù binh sau một trận đánh và đang buộc họ phải đi với ông. La-ban đang phóng đại vì ông giận dữ và đang cố gắng làm cho Gia-cốp cảm thấy tội lỗi vì điều ông đã làm. +GEN 31 27 a98f 0 flee secretly “run away in secret” """ Hãy chạy cách kín - giấu """ +GEN 31 27 g8iz 0 with celebration “with joy” """ Với sự vui mừng """ +GEN 31 27 bg4p figs-metonymy 0 with tambourine and with harps These instruments stand for music. Alternate translation: “and with music” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Những nhạc cụ này tượng trưng cho âm nhạc. Bản dịch khác là: "" Và với âm nhạc """ +GEN 31 27 a23y translate-unknown 0 tambourine a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Một nhạc cụ có đầu như một cái trống có thể đánh được và với những miếng kim loại xung quanh mặt đó âm thanh khi nhạc cụ bị rung +GEN 31 28 esl3 figs-gendernotations 0 to kiss my grandsons Here “grandsons” would include all grandchildren whether male or female. Alternate translation: “to kiss my grandchildren” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) "Ở đây "" cháu "" sẽ bao gồm tất cả các cháu dù nam hay nữ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hôn cháu tôi """ +GEN 31 28 cr1s 0 Now you have done foolishly “You have acted foolishly” """ Ngươi đã làm cách ngu - dại """ +GEN 31 28 y6dz 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 31 29 lza8 figs-you 0 It is in my power to do you harm The word “you” is plural and refers to everyone with Jacob. Alternate translation: “I have enough people with me to harm all of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Chữ "" ngươi "" là số nhiều và ám chỉ mọi người có Gia-cốp. Một cách dịch khác: "" Ta có đủ người để hại tất cả các ngươi """ +GEN 31 29 qs6g figs-merism 0 Be careful that you speak to Jacob neither good nor bad The words “good nor bad” are used together to mean “anything.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:24](../31/24.md). Alternate translation: “Do not say anything to try and stop Jacob from leaving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) "Những từ "" tốt hay xấu "" được dùng chung với nhau để có nghĩa là "" bất cứ điều gì. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 31: 24 ] . Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đừng nói bất cứ điều gì để cố gắng ngăn cản Gia - cốp ra đi "" ." +GEN 31 30 bz9g figs-you 0 you have gone away This “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) """ Ngươi "" này ở số ít và chỉ về Gia-cốp." +GEN 31 30 f8iz figs-metonymy 0 to your father’s house Here “house” stands for family. Alternate translation: “to be home with your father and the rest of your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của gia đình. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Được ở nhà với Cha và những người khác trong gia đình """ +GEN 31 30 e3jc 0 my gods “my idols” """ Thần tượng của ta """ +GEN 31 31 qd9f 0 Because I was afraid and thought that you would take your daughters from me by force I left secretly “I left in secret because I was afraid that you would take your daughters from me by force” """ Tôi ra đi trong bí mật vì tôi sợ rằng bạn sẽ đưa con gái của bạn từ tôi bằng vũ lực """ +GEN 31 32 e35z figs-litotes 0 Whoever has stolen your gods will not continue to live This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “We will kill whoever has stolen your gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Chúng tôi sẽ giết kẻ nào ăn cắp các thần của anh em """ +GEN 31 32 zh3x figs-exclusive 0 In the presence of our relatives The word “our” refers to Jacob’s relatives and includes Laban’s relatives. All the relatives will watch to make sure everything is fair and honest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Từ "" của chúng ta "" ám chỉ đến những người bà con của Giacốp và bao gồm cả những người bà con của Laban. Tất cả những người bà con sẽ thức canh để biết chắc mọi việc đều công bằng và lương thiện." +GEN 31 32 l4l6 0 identify whatever with me is yours and take it “look for whatever we have that is yours and take it” """ Hãy tìm của các ngươi mà giữ lấy """ +GEN 31 32 mjz6 writing-background 0 For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them This changes from the story to background information about Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Điều này thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Giacốp. +GEN 31 33 rd4w 0 the two female servants This refers to Zilpah and Bilhah. Điều này ám chỉ Xinh-ba và Bi-la. +GEN 31 33 f3n9 0 he did not find them “he did not find his idols” """ Ngài chẳng tìm các thần tượng của mình """ +GEN 31 34 s5c7 writing-background 0 Now Rachel…upon them The word “now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Rachel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Rachel." +GEN 31 34 j5k2 0 saddle a seat placed on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it Một chỗ ngồi đặt trên lưng một con vật để một người có thể cưỡi trên đó +GEN 31 35 cd8t 0 my master Calling someone “my master” is a way of honoring them. "Gọi một người nào đó là "" chủ của tôi "" là một cách tôn vinh họ." +GEN 31 35 h3tw 0 that I cannot stand up before you “because I am unable to stand up in your presence” """ Vì tôi không thế đứng nổi trước mặt Chúa """ +GEN 31 35 rx2l figs-euphemism 0 for I am having my period This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Điều này nói đến thời điểm trong tháng khi người nữ từ trong lòng mẹ chảy máu. +GEN 31 36 ka2t 0 He said to him “Jacob said to Laban” """ Giacốp nói cùng Laban """ +GEN 31 36 wcv8 figs-parallelism 0 What is my offense? What is my sin, that you have hotly pursued after me? The phrases “What is my offense” and “What is my sin” mean basically the same thing. Jacob is asking Laban to tell him what he did wrong. Alternate translation: “What have I done wrong that you should pursue me like this?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Những cụm từ "" sự vi phạm tôi là gì "" và "" tội lỗi tôi là gì "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Gia-cốp đang yêu cầu La-ban cho ông biết điều ông đã làm sai. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Tôi đã làm gì sai để cậu theo đuổi tôi như thế này? """ +GEN 31 36 rd64 figs-idiom 0 hotly pursued after me Here the word “hotly” means Laban urgently chased Jacob intending to capture him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây từ "" nóng nảy "" có nghĩa là Laban khẩn thiết đuổi theo Giacốp có ý định bắt cậu." +GEN 31 37 lf9u 0 What have you found of all your household goods? “What have you found that belongs to you?” """ Anh đã tìm thấy thứ gì thuộc về anh chưa? """ +GEN 31 37 jgu5 figs-exclusive 0 Set them here before our relatives Here the word “our” refers to Jacob’s relatives and includes Laban’s relatives. Alternate translation: “Lay anything you have found in front of our relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây từ "" của chúng ta "" ám chỉ đến những người bà con của Giacốp và bao gồm cả những người bà con của Laban. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy để bất cứ vật gì con tìm được trước mặt bà con chúng ta """ +GEN 31 37 q8tg figs-exclusive 0 they may judge between us two Here “two of us” refers to Jacob and Laban. The phrase “to judge between” means to decide which person is right in a dispute. Alternate translation: “they may judge between the two of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" hai chúng ta "" đề cập đến Gia-cốp và La-ban. Nhóm từ "" phân xử "" có nghĩa là quyết định người nào đúng trong một cuộc tranh cãi. Cách dịch khác: "" Họ có thể phân xử giữa hai chúng ta """ +GEN 31 38 l12d 0 General Information: Jacob continues to speak to Laban. Giacốp tiếp tục nói với Laban. +GEN 31 38 a2zw translate-numbers 0 twenty years “20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 20 năm """ +GEN 31 38 rum5 0 ewes female sheep Cừu cái +GEN 31 38 lk1u 0 have not miscarried This means they have not had a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly with the lamb or kid born dead. Điều này có nghĩa là họ chưa có một sự đầu thai kết thúc sớm và bất ngờ với chiên con hay dê con sinh ra đã chết. +GEN 31 39 kc4z figs-activepassive 0 What was torn by beasts I did not bring to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When a wild animal killed one of your animals I did not bring it to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khi một con thú hoang giết một trong những con thú của ngươi, Ta không mang nó đến cho ngươi """ +GEN 31 39 ji5d figs-metaphor 0 Instead, I bore the loss of it For Jacob to count Laban’s dead animals as a loss from his own flock is spoken of as if it was a burden he would bear on his shoulders. Alternate translation: “Instead of counting it a loss from your flock, I counted it as a loss from my flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Việc Gia-cốp kể những con vật chết của La-ban như một sự mất mát từ chính bầy của mình được nói đến như thể đó là một gánh nặng mà ông sẽ mang trên vai. Một bản dịch khác: "" Thay vì xem đó là một sự mất mát từ bầy của ông, tôi xem đó là một sự mất mát từ bầy của tôi """ +GEN 31 40 tf6f figs-metaphor 0 "There I was; in the day the heat consumed me, and the frost by night" Suffering in the hot and cold temperatures is spoken of as if the temperatures were animals that were eating Jacob. Alternate translation: “I stayed with your flocks even during hottest part of the day and the coldest part of the night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đau khổ trong nhiệt độ nóng và lạnh được nói đến như thể nhiệt độ là những con vật đang ăn Gia-cốp. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi ở lại với bầy chiên của Chúa ngay cả trong những lúc nóng nhất ban ngày và những lúc lạnh nhất ban đêm "" ." +GEN 31 41 gx9i 0 General Information: Jacob continues to speak to Laban. Giacốp tiếp tục nói với Laban. +GEN 31 41 j81s translate-numbers 0 These twenty years “These last 20 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 20 năm qua """ +GEN 31 41 l5lt translate-numbers 0 fourteen years “14 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 14 năm """ +GEN 31 41 w1k8 0 changed my wages ten times “changed what he said he would pay me ten times.” See how you translated “my wages” in [Genesis 31:7](../31/07.md). """ Thay đổi những gì anh ta nói sẽ trả cho tôi mười lần. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" tiền công tôi "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 31: 7 ] ." +GEN 31 42 hcc4 0 Unless the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the one Isaac fears, had been with me Jacob is referring to the same God not to three different gods. Alternate translation: “If the God of Abraham and Isaac, my father, had not been with me” "Giacốp đang đề cập tới cùng một Đức Chúa Trời chớ không phải ba Đức Chúa Trời khác nhau. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Nếu Đức Chúa Trời của Áp-ra-ham và Y-sác, cha tôi, không ở cùng tôi """ +GEN 31 42 fy4h 0 the God of my father Here the word “father” refers to his parent, Isaac. "Ở đây, từ "" cha "" ám chỉ cha Y - sác." +GEN 31 42 v1d1 0 the one Isaac fears Here the word “fears” refers to the “fear of Yahweh,” which means to deeply respect him and show that respect by obeying him. "Ở đây, từ "" kính sợ "" đề cập đến "" sự kính sợ Đức Giê-hô-va "" , có nghĩa là hết lòng tôn kính Ngài và bày tỏ sự tôn kính đó bằng cách vâng lời Ngài." +GEN 31 42 tin2 figs-metonymy 0 empty-handed This stands for having nothing. Alternate translation: “with absolutely nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là không có gì. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Không có gì hết """ +GEN 31 42 eqx1 figs-abstractnouns 0 God has seen my oppression and how hard I worked The abstract noun “oppression” can be stated as “oppressed.” Alternate translation: “God has seen how hard I worked and how you oppressed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" áp bức "" có thể được gọi là "" áp bức "" . Một cách dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời thấy tôi đã làm việc cực nhọc thế nào và Ngài áp bức tôi ra sao """ +GEN 31 43 ah9n figs-rquestion 0 But what can I do today to these my daughters, or to their children whom they have borne? Laban uses a question to emphasize that there is nothing he can do. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But, there is nothing I can do to bring my daughters and grandchildren back with me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Laban sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng không có điều gì ông có thể làm. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Nhưng tôi không thể làm gì để đem các con và cháu tôi về với tôi "" ." +GEN 31 44 pm7d figs-personification 0 let it be for a witness Here the word “witness” does not refer to a person, but it is used figuratively and refers to the covenant that Jacob and Laban are making. The covenant is spoken of as if it were a person who is there when they agree to act peacefully to one another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Ở đây từ "" làm chứng "" không chỉ về một người, nhưng nó được sử dụng theo nghĩa bóng và chỉ về giao ước mà Gia-cốp và La-ban đang lập. Giao ước được nói đến như thể một người có mặt ở đó khi họ đồng ý hành động hòa bình với nhau." +GEN 31 45 q2sh 0 pillar This means that a large stone was simply set up on its end to mark the place where this important event happened. Điều này có nghĩa là một hòn đá lớn được dựng lên một cách đơn giản để đánh dấu nơi xảy ra sự kiện quan trọng này. +GEN 31 46 mz54 0 made a pile “stacked them on top of each other” """ Chồng các bánh ấy lên nhau """ +GEN 31 46 c4fm figs-explicit 0 Then they ate there by the pile Eating a meal together was a part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ăn chung với nhau là một phần của việc lập giao ước với nhau. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. +GEN 31 47 grz7 translate-names 0 Jegar Saha Dutha Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Jegar Saha Dutha means ‘heap of witness’ in Laban’s language.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên Jegar Saha Dutha có nghĩa là ' đống đá làm chứng ' trong ngôn ngữ của La - ban "" ." +GEN 31 47 tn6r translate-names 0 Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Galeed means ‘heap of witness’ in Jacob’s language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau: "" Tên Galeed có nghĩa là ' đống đá làm chứng ' trong ngôn ngữ của Gia - cốp." +GEN 31 48 y6zl figs-personification 0 This pile is a witness between me and you The stones do not actually bear witness as a person. Alternate translation: “This pile will be a reminder between me and you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) "Các hòn đá không thật sự làm chứng như một con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đống đá này sẽ là một sự nhắc nhở giữa tôi và bạn """ +GEN 31 48 f3tt translate-names 0 Galeed Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Galeed means ‘heap of witness’ in Jacob’s language. See how you translated this in [Genesis 31:47](../31/47.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau: "" Tên Galeed có nghĩa là ' đống đá làm chứng ' trong ngôn ngữ của Gia - cốp. Hãy xem cách ông dịch tên này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 31: 47 ] ." +GEN 31 49 d4iu translate-names 0 Mizpah Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Mizpah means ‘watchtower.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói: "" Tên gọi Mizpah có nghĩa là ' Tháp Canh ' . """ +GEN 31 49 ip35 figs-metonymy 0 when we are out of sight one from another Here “out of sight” stands for no longer being in each other’s presence. Alternate translation: “when we are no longer with each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" ngoài tầm mắt "" không còn hiện diện trước mặt nhau nữa. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Khi chúng ta không còn ở với nhau nữa """ +GEN 31 50 e3ip 0 although no one else is with us Here “us” refers to Laban and Jacob. Alternate translation: “even if no one else is there to see us” "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" đề cập đến Laban và Gia-cốp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Cho dù không có ai khác thấy chúng ta "" ." +GEN 31 50 h365 0 see “look” or “remember” or “pay attention to what i am about to tell you” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" Nhớ "" hoặc "" Chú ý đến những gì tôi sắp nói với bạn """ +GEN 31 52 jh98 figs-personification 0 This pile is a witness, and the pillar is a witness These piles of stones were to act as a remembrance and a boundary marker for Jacob and Laban regarding their peace agreement. They are spoken of as if they are human witnesses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) Những đống đá này phải đóng vai trò như một kỷ niệm và là một mốc biên giới cho Gia-cốp và La-ban liên quan đến hiệp ước hòa bình của họ. Họ được nói đến như thể họ là nhân chứng. +GEN 31 53 zmt6 0 May the God of Abraham, and the god of Nahor, the gods of their father, judge between us Abraham is Jacob’s grandfather. Nahor is Laban’s grandfather. The father of Abraham and Nahor is Terah. Not all of them worshipped Yahweh. Ápraham là ông nội của Giacốp. Na-cô là ông nội của La-ban. Cha của Áp-ra-ham và Na-cô là Tha-rê. Không phải tất cả đều thờ phượng Ðức Giê hô va. +GEN 31 53 r6hl 0 the Fear of his father Isaac Here the word “Fear” refers to Yahweh, who Isaac deeply respected and showed that respect by obeying him. "Ở đây từ "" kính sợ "" đề cập đến Đức Giê-hô-va, là Đấng mà Y-sác kính trọng sâu sắc và tỏ ra sự kính trọng đó bằng cách vâng lời Ngài." +GEN 31 54 fmy2 figs-explicit 0 called his relatives to eat a meal Eating a meal together was part of making the covenant with one another. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ăn chung với nhau là một phần của việc lập giao ước với nhau. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. +GEN 31 55 w76k 0 Early in the morning…returned home Verse 55 is the first verse of chapter 32 in the original Hebrew text, but the last verse of chapter 31 in most modern Bibles. We suggest that you follow the numbering of Bibles in your national language. Câu 55 là câu đầu tiên của chương 32 trong nguyên bản tiếng Hê-bơ-rơ, nhưng là câu cuối cùng của chương 31 trong hầu hết các bản Kinh Thánh hiện đại. Chúng tôi đề nghị bạn đánh số Kinh Thánh trong ngôn ngữ của mình. +GEN 31 55 kif6 0 blessed This means expressing a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to someone. Điều này có nghĩa là bày tỏ ao ước về những điều tích cực và ích lợi xảy đến cho một người nào đó. +GEN 32 intro udr3 0 # Genesis 32 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob does not trust Yahweh
Jacob does not trust in Yahweh. Instead, he fears that his brother Esau could kill him and his family. He should have known that Yahweh would continue to bless him and protect his family. He should have trusted in Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])

### Name change

In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people.

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “A man wrestled with him”
Scholars are divided over the identity of the person Jacob wrestled with. It was probably an angel, but some believe he wrestled with Jesus before he came to earth. The translator will probably have difficulty trying to keep ambiguity in identifying this individual because the word “man” usually indicates a normal, living person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 32 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Gia-cốp không tin cậy Đức Giê-hô-va +Gia-cốp không tin cậy Đức Giê-hô-va. Thay vào đó, ông sợ rằng Ê-sau anh mình có thể giết mình và gia đình. Lẽ ra ông phải biết rằng Đức Giê-hô-va sẽ tiếp tục ban phước cho ông và bảo vệ gia đình ông. Lẽ ra ông phải tin cậy nơi sự thành tín giao ước của Đức Giê-hô-va. Đổi tên +Trong Kinh Thánh, một sự thay đổi danh xưng luôn xảy ra tại một thời điểm hết sức quan trọng trong đời sống của một người. Sự trở về Ca-na-an của Gia-cốp là một sự kiện quan trọng trong lịch sử của dân Hê-bơ-rơ. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Một người vật lộn với Ngài "" +Các học giả bị chia rẽ về nhân dạng của người mà Gia-cốp vật lộn với. Có lẽ đó là một thiên sứ, nhưng một số người tin rằng ông đã vật lộn với Chúa Giê-xu trước khi Ngài đến thế gian. Có lẽ người dịch sẽ thấy khó để xác định người này vì từ "" người "" thường ám chỉ một người bình thường còn sống." +GEN 32 2 fr1q 0 Mahanaim Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Mahanaim means ‘two camps.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Ma - ha - na - im có nghĩa là ' hai trại ' . """ +GEN 32 3 f84p translate-names 0 Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một vùng đồi núi thuộc vùng Êđôm. +GEN 32 4 ayv1 figs-quotesinquotes 0 This is what you will say to my master Esau: This is what your servant Jacob says: ‘I have been…have delayed my return until now. This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “‘This is what I want you to tell my master Esau. Tell him that I have been…have delayed my return until now.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Trích dẫn trực tiếp có thể được nêu là một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Đây là những gì tôi muốn bạn nói với Ê-sau chủ tôi. Nói với ông ấy rằng tôi đã. . . trì hoãn việc trở về cho đến nay ' . """ +GEN 32 4 n3lr 0 my master Esau Jacob is using polite language and refers to his brother as “my master.” "Gia-cốp đang sử dụng ngôn ngữ lịch sự và gọi anh mình là "" chủ tôi "" ." +GEN 32 4 y932 0 your servant Jacob Jacob is using polite language and refers to himself as “your servant.” "Gia-cốp đang sử dụng ngôn ngữ lịch sự và tự nhận mình là "" Tôi tớ ngươi "" ." +GEN 32 5 ne7y figs-quotesinquotes 0 I have oxen…in your eyes. This continues the quotation within a quotation that begins with the words “I have been” in verse 4. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. “This is what I want you to tell my master Esau. Tell him that I have been…Tell him that I have oxen…in his eyes.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này tiếp tục phần trích dẫn trong một câu trích dẫn bắt đầu bằng những từ "" Ta đã ở "" trong câu 4. Câu trích dẫn trực tiếp có thể được nêu là một câu trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Đây là điều ta muốn ngươi nói với Ê-sau chủ ta. Hãy nói với người rằng ta … nói với người rằng ta có những con bò … dưới mắt người "" ." +GEN 32 5 vi1k figs-idiom 0 that I may find favor in your eyes When a person finds favor in the eyes of another, the second person approves of the first person. Here “eyes” are a metonym for the person seeing something, and seeing a person is a metaphor for deciding whether what that person sees is good or bad. Alternate translation: “that you may approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Khi một người được lòng người khác, người thứ hai chấp nhận người thứ nhất. Ở đây, "" mắt "" là hoán dụ của việc người đó nhìn thấy điều gì đó, và việc nhìn thấy một người là phép ẩn dụ để quyết định điều người đó thấy là tốt hay xấu. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hầu cho Chúa chấp nhận tôi """ +GEN 32 6 h954 translate-numbers 0 four hundred men “400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 400 người """ +GEN 32 7 ra4u 0 afraid This refers to the unpleasant feeling a person has when there is a threat of harm to himself or others. Điều này ám chỉ đến cảm giác khó chịu của một người khi có sự đe dọa gây tổn hại cho chính mình hoặc cho người khác. +GEN 32 7 e2dk 0 upset distressed, troubled Đau khổ, phiền muộn +GEN 32 8 n1e3 figs-metonymy 0 to one camp and attacks it, then the camp that is left will escape Here “camp” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “to attack the people in one camp, then the people in the other camp will escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" trại "" ám chỉ đến dân sự. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Tấn công dân sự trong một trại quân, rồi dân sự trong trại quân kia sẽ trốn thoát """ +GEN 32 9 fdw7 figs-explicit 0 God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, Yahweh This does not refer to different gods, but to the one God they all worship. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, who is God of my grandfather Abraham and my father Isaac” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này không nói đến các thần khác nhau, nhưng nói đến Đấng mà tất cả họ đều thờ phượng. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Giê-hô-va là Đức Chúa Trời của ông nội Áp-ra-ham và cha Y-sác tôi """ +GEN 32 9 c3nw figs-quotesinquotes 0 Yahweh, who said to me, ‘Return to your country and to your kindred, and I will prosper you,’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you who said that I should return to my country and to my kindred, and that you would prosper me,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Hỡi Đức Giê-hô-va, Ngài là Đấng đã phán rằng tôi sẽ trở về quê hương và về dòng dõi tôi, và Ngài sẽ làm cho tôi thịnh vượng, "" Hỡi Đức Giê-hô-va," +GEN 32 9 ah51 0 to your kindred “to your family” """ Chúc cho gia đình anh """ +GEN 32 9 v7p9 0 I will prosper you “I will do good for you” or “I will treat you well” """ Ta sẽ làm tốt cho ngươi "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ đối xử tốt với ngươi """ +GEN 32 10 i1jg figs-activepassive 0 I am not worthy of all your acts of covenant faithfulness and of all the trustworthiness that you have done for your servant The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “loyal.” Alternate translation: “I do not deserve for you to remain faithful to your covenant or for you to be loyal to me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự trung tín "" và "" sự đáng tin cậy "" có thể được nêu là "" trung tín "" và "" trung thành. "" +Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Tôi không xứng đáng để Ngài giữ trung thành với giao ước Ngài hay để Ngài trung thành với tôi, tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 32 10 gfq5 0 your servant This is a polite way of saying “me.” "Đây là một cách lịch sự để nói "" tôi "" ." +GEN 32 10 ri5t figs-idiom 0 now I have become two camps Here the phrase “I have become” is an idiom meaning what he now possesses. Alternate translation: “and now I have enough people, flocks, and possessions with me to make two camps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây, cụm từ "" Ta đã trở thành "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là những gì hiện nay ông có. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Và giờ đây ta có đủ người, của cải, bầy chiên để dựng hai trại "" ." +GEN 32 11 b4a5 0 rescue me “save me” """ Hãy cứu tôi """ +GEN 32 11 b2lt figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau Here the word “hand” refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second clarifies that the brother whom Jacob intended was Esau. Alternate translation: “from the power of my brother, Esau” or “from my brother, Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Ở đây chữ "" tay "" ám chỉ đến quyền lực. Hai cụm từ về cơ bản có cùng nghĩa. Cụm từ thứ hai xác định rằng người anh mà Gia-cốp dự định là Ê-sau. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Thoát khỏi quyền anh tôi là Ê - sau "" hoặc "" thoát khỏi Ê - sau "" ." +GEN 32 11 amt5 0 I am afraid of him, that he will “I am afraid that he will” """ Tôi sợ rằng ngài sẽ """ +GEN 32 12 x5kw figs-quotesinquotes 0 But you said, ‘I will certainly make you prosper. I will make your descendants…number.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “But you said that you would certainly prosper me, and that you would make my descendants…number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Nhưng Chúa đã nói rằng Chúa chắc sẽ làm cho tôi được thạnh vượng, và rằng Chúa sẽ làm cho con cháu tôi nên đông đúc """ +GEN 32 12 w429 0 make you prosper “do good to you” or “treat you well” """ Hãy làm điều lành cho anh em "" hay "" đối xử tốt với anh em """ +GEN 32 12 n5pn figs-simile 0 I will make your descendants like the sand of the sea This speaks about the very large number of Jacob’s descendants as if their number will be like the grains of sand on the seashore. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) This speaks about the very large number of Jacob ' s descendants as if their number will be like the grain of sand on the seashore. +GEN 32 12 bc4t figs-activepassive 0 which cannot be numbered for their number This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which no one can count because of their number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Mà không ai có thể đếm được vì con số của họ """ +GEN 32 14 zj6f translate-numbers 0 two hundred “200” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 200 """ +GEN 32 14 a35f translate-numbers 0 twenty “20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 20 """ +GEN 32 15 ew39 translate-numbers 0 thirty…forty…ten “30…40…10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 30 … 40 … 10 """ +GEN 32 15 k3iy 0 their colts “their young” """ Con - cái họ """ +GEN 32 16 il9n figs-idiom 0 These he gave into the hand of his servants, every herd by itself Here “into the hand” means to give control over them. Alternate translation: “He divided them into small herds, and gave each of his servants control over one herd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" vào tay "" có nghĩa là trao quyền kiểm soát trên họ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ngài chia họ ra thành những bầy nhỏ, và giao cho mỗi tôi tớ Ngài quyền kiểm soát một bầy "" ." +GEN 32 16 hh9w 0 put a space between each of the herds “let each herd travel at a distance from the other herds” """ Mỗi bầy hãy đi cách xa những bầy khác """ +GEN 32 17 ti5k 0 He instructed “He commanded” """ Ngài truyền lệnh """ +GEN 32 17 h449 figs-quotesinquotes 0 asks you…that are in front of you?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “asks you who your master is, where you are going, and who owns these animals that are ahead of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Hỏi bạn ai là chủ nhân của bạn, bạn đang đi đâu, và ai sở hữu những con thú trước mặt bạn """ +GEN 32 17 lnl5 0 To whom do you belong? “Who is your master?” """ Ai là chủ nhân của ngươi? """ +GEN 32 17 hl31 0 Whose animals are these that are in front of you? “Who owns these animals that are in front of you?” """ Ai sở hữu những con thú trước mặt bạn? """ +GEN 32 18 e7wd figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you will say, ‘They are your servant Jacob’s. They are a gift sent to my master Esau. See, he is also coming after us.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then I want you to tell him that all of these things belong to Jacob, his servant, and he his giving them to his master, Esau. And tell him that Jacob is on the way to meet him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Sau đó, tôi muốn bạn nói với ông rằng tất cả những điều này thuộc về Gia-cốp, tôi tớ của ông, và ông đã giao chúng cho Ê-sau, chủ của ông. Và nói với ông rằng Gia - cốp đang trên đường đến gặp ông "" ." +GEN 32 18 i8qf 0 your servant Jacob’s Jacob is referring to himself in a polite way as Esau’s servant. Giacốp đang đề cập tới chính mình theo cách lịch sự như tôi tớ của Êsau. +GEN 32 18 nk58 0 to my master Esau Jacob is referring to Esau is a polite way as his master. Giacốp đang đề cập đến Êsau cách lịch sự như là chủ của mình. +GEN 32 18 a5zw figs-exclusive 0 coming after us Here “us” refers to the servant speaking and the other servants bringing herds to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" đề cập đến người đầy tớ nói năng và những người đầy tớ khác đem bầy gia súc đến cho Êsau." +GEN 32 19 mb2s 0 gave instructions to the second group “commanded the second group” """ Truyền lệnh nhóm thứ hai """ +GEN 32 20 l71w 0 You must also say, ‘Your servant Jacob Possible meanings are (1) “You will say also, ‘Your servant Jacob’” or (2) “You will say, ‘Also, Your servant Jacob.’” "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" Ngươi cũng sẽ nói rằng: Tôi - tớ Chúa là Gia - cốp "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Ngươi cũng sẽ nói: Tôi - tớ Chúa là Gia - cốp "" . """ +GEN 32 20 kth9 0 I will appease him “I will calm him down” or “I will make his anger go away” """ Ta sẽ làm cho nó nguôi đi "" hoặc "" Ta sẽ làm cho cơn giận của nó nguôi đi """ +GEN 32 20 fz2r 0 he will receive me “he will welcome me kindly” """ Ngài sẽ tiếp đãi tôi tử tế """ +GEN 32 21 mgp1 figs-metonymy 0 So the gifts went on ahead of him Here “gifts” stands for the servants taking the gifts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" những món quà "" đứng cho những người hầu việc nhận lấy những món quà." +GEN 32 21 bet5 figs-rpronouns 0 He himself stayed Here “himself” emphasizes that Jacob did not go with the servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) "Ở đây "" chính ông "" nhấn mạnh rằng Gia-cốp đã không đi với các tôi tớ." +GEN 32 22 ak58 0 his two women servants “his two servant wives.” This means Zilpah and Bilhah. """ Hai vợ đầy tớ của ông. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là xinh-ba và bi-la." +GEN 32 22 ts8h 0 ford a shallow place in a river that is easy to cross Một nơi nông cạn trong một con sông dễ băng qua +GEN 32 22 tkp8 translate-names 0 Jabbok This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một con sông. +GEN 32 23 uu6x 0 all his possessions “all that he had” """ Hết thảy của mình có """ +GEN 32 24 ui74 0 until daybreak “until dawn” """ Cho đến rạng đông """ +GEN 32 25 ugk7 figs-activepassive 0 Jacob’s hip was dislocated as he wrestled with him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The man injured Jacob’s hip as he wrestled with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Người đàn ông đánh vào hông Gia - cốp khi ông vật lộn với ông """ +GEN 32 25 f6zk 0 hip the place where the upper leg bone connects to the hip Nơi mà xương chân kết nối với hông +GEN 32 26 wh2x 0 for the dawn is breaking “the sun will rise soon” """ Mặt trời sắp mọc """ +GEN 32 26 hd6q 0 bless Here “bless” means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person. "Ở đây "" ban phước "" có nghĩa là chính thức chúc phước cho ai đó và khiến cho những điều tốt lành xảy ra cho người đó." +GEN 32 26 pb6k figs-doublenegatives 0 I will not let you go unless you bless me This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Absolutely not! You must bless me first, then I will let you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Tuyệt đối không! +Ngươi phải chúc phước cho ta trước đã, rồi ta mới cho ngươi đi """ +GEN 32 28 a2ft translate-names 0 Israel Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Israel means ‘He struggles with God.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Y - sơ - ra - ên có nghĩa là ' người chống lại Đức Chúa Trời ' . Các dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Y - sơ - ra - ên có nghĩa là ' người tranh đấu với Đức Chúa Trời ' "" ." +GEN 32 28 kel8 0 with men Here “men” means “people” in general. "Ở đây "" men "" có nghĩa là "" con người "" nói chung." +GEN 32 29 if16 figs-rquestion 0 He said, “Why is it that you ask my name?” “He said, ‘Why would you ask about my name?’” This rhetorical question was meant to shock, rebuke and cause Jacob to ponder over what just happened between him and the other man he just wrestled with. Alternate translation: “Do not ask me for my name!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) """ Ông ta nói, ' Tại sao anh lại hỏi tên tôi? ' "" +Câu hỏi tu từ này nhằm gây sốc, quở trách và khiến Gia-cốp suy nghĩ về những gì vừa xảy ra giữa ông và người đàn ông khác mà ông vừa vật lộn với. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đừng hỏi tên tôi! """ +GEN 32 30 m49w translate-names 0 Peniel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Peniel means ‘the face of God.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau: "" Tên Phê - ni - ên có nghĩa là ' mặt của Đức Chúa Trời ' . """ +GEN 32 30 n4r1 0 face to face Being “face to face” means that two people are seeing each other in person, at a close distance. "Được "" mặt đối mặt "" có nghĩa là hai người đang nhìn thấy nhau trực tiếp, ở một khoảng cách gần." +GEN 32 30 p6dk figs-activepassive 0 and my life is delivered This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “yet he spared my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Nhưng Ngài đã tha mạng tôi """ +GEN 32 32 v4a5 writing-background 0 That is why to this day This marks a change from the story to background information about the descendants of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Điều này đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về con cháu Y-sơ-ra-ên. +GEN 32 32 n4af 0 to this day This means to the day that the author was writing this. Điều này có nghĩa là cho đến ngày mà tác giả đang viết điều này. +GEN 32 32 t93f 0 ligaments of the hip This refers to the muscle that connects the thigh bone to the thigh socket. Điều này đề cập đến cơ nối xương đùi với ổ cắm trên đùi. +GEN 32 32 l5px 0 hip joint “thigh socket” """ Khớp đùi """ +GEN 32 32 j363 0 while dislocating “while striking” """ Trong khi đánh """ +GEN 33 intro tc2t 0 # Genesis 33 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Jacob’s fear
Jacob feared his brother. He showed Esau great respect and sought to protect his family from Esau’s power. He did not fear and trust Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])

### Favoritism
Jacob showed favoritism towards Rachel and Joseph. He arranged the family according to those he loved the most. Rachel and Joseph were the most protected from a potential attack by Esau. He would have rather had everyone else die, in order to spare their lives. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 33 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Sự sợ hãi của Gia-cốp +Gia-cốp sợ anh mình. Ông tỏ ra rất kính trọng Ê-sau và tìm cách bảo vệ gia đình mình khỏi quyền lực của Ê-sau. Ông đã không kính sợ và tin cậy Đức Giê-hô-va. SỰ THIÊN VỊ +Gia-cốp tỏ ra sự thiên vị đối với Ra-chên và Giô-sép. Ông sắp xếp gia đình theo những người ông yêu thương nhất. Ra - chên và Giô - sép được bảo vệ nhiều nhất khỏi nguy cơ bị Ê - sau tấn công. Ông thà để mọi người khác chết, hầu họ được sống." +GEN 33 1 ck16 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to a surprising new part of the story. "Chữ "" kìa "" ở đây cảnh báo chúng ta chú ý đến một phần mới lạ đáng ngạc nhiên của câu chuyện." +GEN 33 1 c4ai translate-numbers 0 four hundred men “400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 400 người """ +GEN 33 1 lqj5 figs-explicit 0 Jacob divided the children…female servants This does not mean Jacob divided the children evenly so that each woman had the same amount of children with her. Jacob divided the children so that each one went with his or her mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này không có nghĩa là Giacốp chia đều các con để mỗi người nữ có cùng một số lượng con cái với nàng. Gia - cốp chia các con để mỗi người đi với mẹ mình. +GEN 33 1 h467 0 female servants “servant wives.” This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. """ Vợ đầy tớ. "" +Điều này ám chỉ Bi-la và Xinh-ba." +GEN 33 3 f927 figs-rpronouns 0 He himself went on ahead of them Here “himself” emphasizes that Jacob went alone in front of the others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]]) "Ở đây "" chính mình "" nhấn mạnh rằng Gia-cốp đã đi một mình trước những người khác." +GEN 33 3 prz6 translate-symaction 0 He bowed Here the word “bow” means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) "Ở đây từ "" cúi mình "" có nghĩa là cúi xuống để khiêm nhường bày tỏ sự kính trọng và tôn kính đối với ai đó." +GEN 33 4 xq93 0 meet him “meet Jacob” """ Hãy gặp Giacốp """ +GEN 33 4 ptu7 0 embraced him, hugged his neck, and kissed him This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “Esau put his arms around Jacob, hugged him, and kissed him” "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới. Có thể dịch là: "" Ê - sau ôm Gia - cốp mà hôn "" ." +GEN 33 4 d91x figs-explicit 0 Then they wept This can be translated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Esau and Jacob cried because they were happy to see each other again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch rõ ràng hơn. Bản Diễn ý dịch: "" Sau đó, Ê - sau và Gia - cốp khóc vì vui mừng gặp lại nhau """ +GEN 33 5 bni9 0 he saw the women and the children “he saw the women and children who were with Jacob” """ Ngài thấy những người đàn bà và con trẻ ở với Gia-cốp """ +GEN 33 5 n88j figs-123person 0 The children whom God has graciously given your servant The phrase “your servant” is a polite way for Jacob to refer to himself. Alternate translation: “These are the children God has kindly given me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Cụm từ "" tôi tớ ngươi "" là một cách lịch sự để Gia-cốp đề cập đến chính mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đây là những đứa con mà Đức Chúa Trời đã nhân từ ban cho tôi, tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 33 6 huv5 0 female servants “servant wives.” This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. """ Vợ đầy tớ. "" +Điều này ám chỉ Bi-la và Xinh-ba." +GEN 33 6 ndg7 translate-symaction 0 bowed down This is a sign of humility and respect before another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là dấu hiệu của sự khiêm nhường và tôn trọng trước một người khác. +GEN 33 8 xl2u 0 What do you mean by all these groups that I met? The phrase “all these groups” refers to the groups of servants that Jacob sent to give gifts to Esau. Alternate translation: “Why did you send all of those different groups to meet me?” "Nhóm từ "" tất cả những nhóm này "" chỉ về những nhóm đầy tớ mà Gia-cốp đã sai đi để tặng quà cho Ê-sau. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Tại sao bạn sai tất cả những nhóm khác nhau đó đến gặp tôi? """ +GEN 33 8 p6x8 figs-idiom 0 To find favor in the sight of my master The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “So that you, my master, would be pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" được ơn "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, thị giác tượng trưng cho sự phán xét hoặc đánh giá. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Để Chúa, Chủ tôi, hài lòng về tôi """ +GEN 33 8 b54p figs-123person 0 my master The phrase “my master” is a polite way of referring to Esau. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Nhóm từ "" chủ tôi "" là một cách nói lịch sự chỉ về Êsau." +GEN 33 9 fvu3 figs-ellipsis 0 I have enough The word “animals” or “property” is understood. Alternate translation: “I have enough animals” or “I have enough property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ ngữ "" thú vật "" hay "" tài sản "" được hiểu như nhau. Có thể dịch là: "" Tôi có đủ thú vật "" hoặc "" Tôi có đủ tài sản "" ." +GEN 33 10 c8jk figs-idiom 0 if I have found favor in your eyes The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “if you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" tìm được ân huệ "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ở đây "" mắt "" là một hoán dụ cho thị giác, và thị giác là một ẩn dụ biểu thị cho sự đánh giá của mình. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Nếu anh em vừa ý về tôi """ +GEN 33 10 g919 figs-synecdoche 0 my gift from my hand Here “hand” refers to Jacob. Alternate translation: “this gift that I am giving to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" ám chỉ Giacốp. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là "" món quà mà ta ban cho ngươi """ +GEN 33 10 cv9s 0 my hand, for indeed This can be translated as a new sentence: “my hand. For certainly” "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới: "" Tay ta. Cho chắc chắn """ +GEN 33 10 qp99 figs-simile 0 I have seen your face, and it is like seeing the face of God The meaning of this simile is unclear. Possible meanings are (1) Jacob is happy that Esau has forgiven him like God has forgiven him or (2) Jacob is amazed to see his brother again like he was amazed to see God or (3) Jacob is humbled to be in Esau’s presence like he was humbled to be in God’s presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) Ý nghĩa của sự so sánh này không rõ ràng. Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) Giacốp vui mừng vì Êsau đã tha thứ cho ông giống như Đức Chúa Trời đã tha thứ cho ông hay ( 2 ) Giacốp kinh ngạc khi gặp lại anh mình giống như ông kinh ngạc khi thấy Đức Chúa Trời hay ( 3 ) Giacốp khiêm nhường khi ở trong sự hiện diện của Êsau giống như ông đã khiêm nhường khi ở trong sự hiện diện của Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 33 10 ni5g figs-synecdoche 0 I have seen your face Here “face” stands for Esau. It may be best to translate as “face” because of the importance of the word “face” here with “face of God” and “face to face” in [Genesis 32:30](../32/30.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mặt "" tiêu biểu cho Êsau. Có lẽ tốt nhất nên dịch là "" mặt đối mặt "" vì tầm quan trọng của từ "" mặt đối mặt "" ở đây với "" mặt của Đức Chúa Trời "" và "" mặt đối mặt "" trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 32: 30 ] ." +GEN 33 11 i3ez figs-activepassive 0 that was brought to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that my servants brought to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Mà các tôi tớ tôi mang đến cho Ngài """ +GEN 33 11 c581 0 God has dealt graciously with me “God has treated me very well” or “God has blessed me very much” """ Chúa đã đối xử với tôi rất tốt "" hoặc "" Chúa đã ban phước cho tôi rất nhiều """ +GEN 33 11 r6mp 0 Thus Jacob urged him, and Esau accepted it It was customary to refuse a gift first, but then to accept the gift before the giver was offended. Theo phong tục, trước hết phải từ chối một món quà, nhưng sau đó phải nhận món quà trước khi người ban cho bị xúc phạm. +GEN 33 13 j3jv figs-123person 0 My master knows This is a polite and formal way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: “You, my master, know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự và chính thức về Êsau. Một cách dịch khác: "" Thầy biết """ +GEN 33 13 k72p figs-explicit 0 the children are young The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “the children are too young to travel fast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể được nói rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trẻ con còn quá nhỏ để đi nhanh """ +GEN 33 13 lzl5 figs-activepassive 0 If they are driven hard even one day This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If we force them to go too fast even for one day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Nếu chúng ta bắt họ đi quá nhanh dù chỉ một ngày """ +GEN 33 14 be6w figs-123person 0 Please let my master go on ahead of his servant This is a polite and formal way of Jacob referring to himself. Alternate translation: “My lord, I am your servant. Please go ahead of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự và trang trọng của Giacốp đề cập tới chính mình ông. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Thưa Chúa, con là tôi tớ của Chúa. Xin hãy đi trước con """ +GEN 33 14 k77x 0 at the pace of the livestock that are before me “at the speed the animals I am looking after can go” """ Với tốc độ mà những con thú mà tôi đang chăm sóc có thể đi được """ +GEN 33 14 he5j translate-names 0 Seir This is a mountainous area in the region of Edom. See how you translated this in [Genesis 32:3](../32/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một vùng đồi núi thuộc vùng Êđôm. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 32: 3 ] . +GEN 33 15 e3u2 figs-rquestion 0 Why do that? Jacob uses a question to emphasize that Esau does not need to leave men. Alternate translation: “Do not do that!” or “You do not need to do that!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giacốp sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng Êsau không cần phải lìa khỏi người nam. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đừng làm thế! "" +hoặc "" Anh không cần phải làm như thế! """ +GEN 33 15 rl9k figs-123person 0 my lord This is a polite and formal way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: “you, my lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự và chính thức về Êsau. Cách dịch khác là: "" Thưa Chúa """ +GEN 33 17 k3g6 translate-names 0 Succoth Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name Succoth means ‘shelters.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên Su - cốt có nghĩa là ' nơi trú ẩn ' . """ +GEN 33 17 k4xa figs-explicit 0 built himself a house It is implied that the house is also for his family. Alternate translation: “built a house for himself and his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều đó ngụ ý rằng ngôi nhà cũng dành cho gia đình ông. Một cách dịch khác: "" Xây một ngôi nhà cho mình và gia đình """ +GEN 33 17 ykg8 0 for his livestock “for the animals he looked after” """ Vì những thú vật Ngài đã săn sóc """ +GEN 33 18 yt2u 0 General Information: This starts a new part of the story. The author describes what Jacob did after he rested in Succoth. Đây là một phần mới của câu chuyện. Tác giả mô tả điều Gia-cốp đã làm sau khi ông nghỉ ngơi ở Su-cốt. +GEN 33 18 jve3 0 When Jacob came from Paddan Aram “After Jacob left Paddan Aram” """ Sau khi Jacob rời Paddan Aram """ +GEN 33 18 qr2k figs-explicit 0 When Jacob…he arrived…He camped This only mentions Jacob because he is the leader of the family. It is implied that his family was with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này chỉ đề cập đến Giacốp vì ông là người lãnh đạo của gia đình. Điều đó ngụ ý rằng gia đình ông đã ở với ông. +GEN 33 18 rx3s 0 He camped near “He set up his camp near” """ Ngài dựng trại mình gần bên """ +GEN 33 19 a6wu 0 piece of ground “piece of land” """ Một miếng đất """ +GEN 33 19 xu69 translate-names 0 Hamor This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 33 19 y9i5 0 Shechem’s father Shechem is the name of a city and the name of a man. Si chem là tên của một thành phố và là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 33 19 kh7z translate-numbers 0 a hundred “100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 100 """ +GEN 33 20 ps43 translate-names 0 El Elohe Israel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name El Elohe Israel means ‘God, the God of Israel.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói: "" Danh hiệu El Elohe Y - sơ - ra - ên có nghĩa là ' Đức Chúa Trời, Đức Chúa Trời của Y - sơ - ra - ên ' . Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Danh hiệu El Elohe Y - sơ - ra - ên có nghĩa là ' Đức Chúa Trời, Đức Chúa Trời của Y - sơ - ra - ên ' "" ." +GEN 34 intro gv6g 0 # Genesis 34 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Israel
Jacob’s name was changed to Israel. It is his descendants who inherited the promised blessings given to him and to Isaac and Abraham. This is the first time his descendants are collectively referred to as the people group Israel. The people group Israel is identified through the covenant of circumcision. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/circumcise]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Implicit information
Jacob’s reacted to the rape of Dinah with indifference. This is possibly because she was not a daughter of Rachel. His reaction was both unwise and improper. This action brought shame on the whole family. Therefore, Jacob’s sons corrected this wrong and plotted against Hamor and Shechem.

Shechem raped Dinah, but then he said he loved her. By raping her, he ensured that no one else would want to marry her. This is not love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Sáng thế ký 34 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Tên của Gia-cốp được đổi thành Y-sơ-ra-ên. Chính dòng dõi của ông đã thừa hưởng những phước hạnh đã được hứa ban cho ông, cho Y-sác và Áp-ra-ham. Đây là lần đầu tiên con cháu ông được gọi chung là dân Y-sơ-ra-ên. Nhóm người Y-sơ-ra-ên được xác định qua giao ước cắt bì. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +Thông tin ngầm +Gia-cốp phản ứng với sự hãm hiếp Đi-na bằng sự thờ ơ. Có lẽ vì bà không phải là con gái của Ra - chên. Phản ứng của Gia - cốp vừa thiếu khôn ngoan vừa thiếu đứng đắn. Hành động này khiến cả gia đình xấu hổ. Vì vậy, các con trai của Gia - cốp đã sửa sai và âm mưu chống lại Hê - mô và Si - chem. Si-chem đã cưỡng hiếp Đi-na, nhưng sau đó ông nói ông yêu nàng. Bằng cách cưỡng hiếp nàng, ông đảm bảo rằng không ai khác sẽ muốn cưới nàng. Đây không phải là tình yêu." +GEN 34 1 g89z 0 Now Here this word is used to mark a new part of the story. Ở đây từ này được dùng để đánh dấu một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 34 1 q1ki translate-names 0 Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 30:21](../30/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên con gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 30: 21 ] . +GEN 34 2 y29n translate-names 0 the Hivite This is the name of a people group. See how you translated the similar word “Hivites” in [Genesis 10:17](../10/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của một nhóm người. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ tương tự "" dân thánh "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 10: 17 ] ." +GEN 34 2 x58u 0 the prince of the land This is referring to Hamor not Shechem. Also, “prince” here does not mean son of a king. It means Hamor was the leader of the people in that area. "Đây là ám chỉ Hê-mô chớ không phải Si-chem. Cũng vậy, "" hoàng tử "" ở đây không có nghĩa là con trai của một vị vua. Nó có nghĩa là Hê-mô là người lãnh đạo dân sự trong vùng đó." +GEN 34 2 hx1e figs-hendiadys 0 He took her and lay with her Possible meanings are (1) “took” and “lay with” are two separate actions. Alternate translation: “he grabbed her and had sexual relations with her” or (2) “took” and “lay with” are a hendiadys, two words used to describe one action, Alternate translation: “raped her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" lấy "" và "" nằm cùng "" là hai hành động riêng biệt. Dịch cách khác: "" Hắn vồ lấy nàng và có quan hệ tình dục với nàng "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" chiếm lấy "" và "" nằm chung với "" là hai từ hendiadys, hai từ được dùng để mô tả một hành động, dịch thay thế là: "" cưỡng hiếp nàng """ +GEN 34 2 mrp5 figs-euphemism 0 lay with her This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là cách nói lịch sự về quan hệ tính dục. Có lẽ bạn phải dùng những từ khác trong bản dịch của mình. Cách dịch khác: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với cô ấy """ +GEN 34 3 d96a figs-metaphor 0 He was drawn to Dinah “He was very attracted to her.” This speaks about Shechem loving Dinah and wanting to be with her as if something were forcing him to come to Dinah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He wanted very much to be with Dinah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) """ Anh ta rất thích cô ấy. "" +Điều này nói về Si - chem yêu mến Đi - na và muốn ở với nàng như thể có điều gì buộc chàng phải đến với Đi - na. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông rất muốn ở với Đi - na """ +GEN 34 3 bz11 0 spoke tenderly to her He tried to convince her that he loved her and that he wanted her to love him also. Anh cố gắng thuyết phục cô rằng anh yêu cô và anh muốn cô cũng yêu anh. +GEN 34 5 wy9t writing-background 0 Now Jacob “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) """ Bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Giacốp." +GEN 34 5 k25j 0 Jacob heard that he The word “he” refers to Shechem. "Chữ "" Ngài "" ám chỉ đến Si-chem." +GEN 34 5 mp97 0 he had defiled This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. Điều này có nghĩa là Si-chem đã làm nhục và sỉ nhục Đi-na rất nhiều bằng cách buộc nàng ngủ với ông ta. +GEN 34 5 sk45 figs-idiom 0 held his peace This is a way of saying that Jacob did not say or do anything about the matter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Đây là cách nói mà Gia-cốp đã không nói hay làm điều gì về vấn đề đó. +GEN 34 6 r1kg 0 Hamor…went out to Jacob “Hamor…went to meet Jacob” """ Hamor … đi gặp Jacob … """ +GEN 34 7 yd2w 0 The men were offended “The men were very insulted” or “They were shocked” """ Những người đàn ông rất bị xúc phạm "" hoặc "" họ bị sốc """ +GEN 34 7 xe5r figs-metonymy 0 he had disgraced Israel Here the word “Israel” refers to every member of Jacob’s family. Israel as a people group was disgraced. Alternate translation: “he had humiliated the family of Israel” or “he had brought shame on the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây từ "" Y-sơ-ra-ên "" đề cập đến mọi thành viên trong gia đình Gia-cốp. Y-sơ-ra-ên với tư cách một dân tộc đã bị sỉ nhục. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Ngài đã làm nhục gia đình Y - sơ - ra - ên "" hoặc "" Ngài đã làm cho dân Y - sơ - ra - ên xấu hổ """ +GEN 34 7 wki8 0 lying with Jacob’s daughter “having sexual relations with Jacob’s daughter” """ Ăn ở với con gái Gia-cốp """ +GEN 34 7 ud6t figs-activepassive 0 for such a thing should not have been done This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for he should not have done such a terrible thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Vì hắn không nên làm một việc kinh khủng như thế """ +GEN 34 8 ud45 0 Hamor spoke with them “Hamor spoke with Jacob and his sons” """ Hê-mô nói cùng Gia-cốp và các con trai người """ +GEN 34 8 q43r 0 loves your daughter Here the word “love” refers to romantic love between a man and a woman. Alternate translation: “loves her and wants to marry her” "Ở đây chữ "" yêu "" ám chỉ tình yêu lãng mạn giữa một người nam và một người nữ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Yêu nàng và muốn cưới nàng """ +GEN 34 8 gx32 0 give her to him as a wife In some cultures, the parents decide whom their children will marry. Trong một số nền văn hóa, cha mẹ quyết định con cái sẽ kết hôn với ai. +GEN 34 9 ec6v 0 Intermarry with us To intermarry is to marry a member of a different racial, social, religious or tribal group. Alternate translation: “Allow marriages between your people and ours” "Kết hôn với người khác phái là kết hôn với một thành viên của một nhóm chủng tộc, xã hội, tôn giáo hoặc bộ lạc khác. Một bản dịch khác: "" Cho phép hôn nhân giữa dân của bạn và dân của chúng tôi """ +GEN 34 10 pv18 0 the land will be open to you “the land will be available to you” """ Đất sẽ để dành cho các ngươi """ +GEN 34 11 x9iz 0 Shechem said to her father “Shechem said to Dinah’s father Jacob” """ Si chem nói cùng cha nàng Ði na, là Gia cốp """ +GEN 34 11 gev1 figs-idiom 0 Let me find favor in your eyes, and whatever you tell me I will give The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If you will approve of me, then I will give you whatever you ask” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" được ơn "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc sự phán xét. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Nếu Chúa chấp nhận tôi, tôi sẽ cho Chúa bất cứ điều gì Chúa yêu cầu """ +GEN 34 12 w7wc 0 bride price In some cultures, it is customary for a man to give money, property, cattle, and other gifts to the bride’s family at the time of marriage. Trong một số nền văn hóa, theo phong tục, người đàn ông tặng tiền, tài sản, gia súc và những món quà khác cho gia đình cô dâu vào lúc kết hôn. +GEN 34 13 h21q figs-abstractnouns 0 The sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father with deceit The abstract noun “deceit” can be stated as the verb “lied.” Alternate translation: “But the sons of Jacob lied to Shechem and Hamor when they answered them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" lừa dối "" có thể được phát biểu như động từ "" nói dối "" . Bản dịch thay thế: "" Nhưng các con trai của Gia-cốp đã nói dối với Si-chem và Hê-mô khi họ trả lời chúng """ +GEN 34 13 uxy5 0 Shechem had defiled Dinah This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated “defiled” in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). "Điều này có nghĩa là Si-chem đã làm nhục và sỉ nhục Đi-na rất nhiều bằng cách buộc nàng ngủ với ông ta. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" ô - uế "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 34: 5 ] ." +GEN 34 14 un4d 0 They said to them “Jacob’s sons said to Shechem and Hamor” """ Các con trai của Gia-cốp nói cùng Si-chem và Hê-mô """ +GEN 34 14 yku7 0 We cannot do this thing, to give our sister “We cannot agree to give Dinah in marriage” """ Chúng tôi không thể đồng ý gả Đi-na cho nhau """ +GEN 34 14 c7ml figs-exclusive 0 for that would be a disgrace to us “for that would cause us shame.” Here “us” refers to Jacob’s sons and all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) """ Vì điều đó sẽ làm chúng ta xấu hổ. "" +Ở đây "" chúng ta "" đề cập đến các con trai của Gia-cốp và cả dân Y-sơ-ra-ên." +GEN 34 16 w7nl 0 give our daughters to you…take your daughters to ourselves This means they will allow a person from Jacob’s family to marry a person who lives in Hamor’s land. Điều nầy có nghĩa là họ sẽ cho phép một người từ gia đình của Giacốp kết hôn với một người sống trong đất của nhà Hêli. +GEN 34 18 vm37 0 Their words pleased Hamor and his son Shechem “Hamor and his son Shechem agreed with what Jacob’s sons said” """ Hê-mô và con trai người là Si-chem đồng ý với những gì các con trai của Gia-cốp đã nói """ +GEN 34 19 yza5 0 to do what they said “to become circumcised” """ Chịu phép cắt - bì """ +GEN 34 19 vjf5 0 Jacob’s daughter “Jacob’s daughter Dinah” """ Đi-na, con gái của Gia-cốp """ +GEN 34 19 ve5w figs-explicit 0 because he was the most honored person in all his father’s household This can be translated as a new sentence. It can be made explicit that Shechem knew the other men would agree to be circumcised because they greatly respected him. Alternate translation: “Shechem knew all the men in his father’s household would agree with him because he was the most honored among them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới. Có thể nói rõ rằng Si-chem biết những người khác sẽ đồng ý chịu cắt bì vì họ rất kính trọng ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Si - chem biết mọi người trong nhà cha mình sẽ đồng ý với chàng vì chàng là người được tôn trọng nhất trong vòng họ """ +GEN 34 20 bl5k 0 the gate of their city It was common for leaders to meet at the city gate to make official decisions. Các nhà lãnh đạo thường gặp nhau tại cổng thành để đưa ra những quyết định chính thức. +GEN 34 21 ub3p 0 These men “Jacob, his sons, and the people of Israel” """ Gia-cốp, các con người, và dân Y-sơ-ra-ên """ +GEN 34 21 gg84 figs-exclusive 0 peace with us Here “us” includes Hamor, his son and all the people they spoke with at the city gate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" bao gồm Hamor, con trai ông và tất cả những người họ nói chuyện cùng tại cổng thành." +GEN 34 21 peg8 0 let them live in the land and trade in it “let them live and trade in the land” """ Để họ sống và buôn bán trong xứ """ +GEN 34 21 qgk2 0 for, really, the land is large enough for them Shechem uses the word “really” to add emphasis to his statement. “because, certainly, the land is large enough for them” or “because, indeed, there is plenty of land for them” "Si-chem sử dụng từ "" thật "" để thêm phần nhấn mạnh vào lời tuyên bố của mình. "" Vì đất đủ rộng cho họ ở "" hoặc "" vì có nhiều đất cho họ ở """ +GEN 34 21 i8u8 0 take their daughters…give them our daughters This refers to marriages between the women of one group and the men of the other group. See how you translated similar phrases in [Genesis 34:9](../34/09.md). Điều này đề cập đến các cuộc hôn nhân giữa phụ nữ của nhóm này và nam giới của nhóm kia. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 34: 9 ] . +GEN 34 22 pyn5 0 General Information: Hamor and Shechem his son continue to talk to the city elders. Hê-mô và Si-chem con trai ông tiếp tục nói chuyện với các trưởng lão thành phố. +GEN 34 22 g2kq 0 Only on this condition will the men agree to live with us and become one people: If every male among us is circumcised, as they are circumcised “Only if every man among us is circumcised, as the men of Israel are circumcised, will they agree to live among us and unite with us as one people” """ Nếu mọi người nam trong vòng chúng ta đều chịu phép cắt bì như người Y-sơ-ra-ên đã chịu, thì mới đồng lòng ở cùng chúng ta, và hiệp làm một dân tộc mà thôi """ +GEN 34 23 n7gu figs-rquestion 0 Will not their livestock and their property—all their animals be ours? Shechem uses a question to emphasize that Jacob’s livestock and property will belong to the people of Shechem. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “All of their animals and property will be ours.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Si-chem sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng gia súc và tài sản của Gia-cốp sẽ thuộc về dân Si-chem. Điều này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Tất cả những thú vật và tài sản của họ sẽ thuộc về chúng ta "" ." +GEN 34 24 m2ft figs-activepassive 0 Every male was circumcised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So Hamor and Shechem had someone circumcise all the men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vậy, Hê - mô và Si - chem đã làm phép cắt bì cho mọi người """ +GEN 34 25 xfn1 translate-ordinal 0 On the third day “third” is the ordinal number for three. It can be stated without the ordinal number. Alternate translation: “After two days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) """ Thứ ba "" là số thứ tự của ba. Nó có thể được phát biểu mà không cần số thứ tự. Bản dịch khác: "" Sau hai ngày """ +GEN 34 25 w2yp 0 when they were still in pain “when the men of the city were still in pain” """ Khi dân trong thành còn chịu đau - đớn """ +GEN 34 25 usz1 0 each took his sword “took their swords” """ Lấy gươm của họ """ +GEN 34 25 p39e figs-metonymy 0 they attacked the city Here “city” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “they attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Thành "" ở đây là viết tắt của người dân. Dịch lệ: "" Họ tấn công dân thành phố """ +GEN 34 25 cm25 0 security, and they killed all the males This can be translated as a new sentence. “security. Simeon and Levi killed all the men of the city” "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới. "" An ninh. Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi đã giết hết thảy người trong thành """ +GEN 34 27 jn2q 0 the dead bodies “the dead bodies of Hamor, Shechem, and their men” """ Những thây Hê - mô, Si - chem và những người nam của họ """ +GEN 34 27 r6r4 0 looted the city “stole everything in the city that was valuable” """ Ăn cắp mọi thứ quý giá trong thành """ +GEN 34 27 dr6w 0 because the people had defiled their sister Shechem alone had defiled Dinah, but Jacob’s sons considered Shechem’s entire family and everyone in the city responsible for this act. Chỉ một mình Si-chem đã làm Đi-na ô uế, nhưng các con trai Gia-cốp đã xem xét toàn bộ gia đình Si-chem và mọi người trong thành chịu trách nhiệm về hành động này. +GEN 34 27 gep2 0 had defiled This means that Shechem had greatly dishonored and disgraced Dinah by forcing her to sleep with him. See how you translated “defiled” in [Genesis 34:5](../34/05.md). "Điều này có nghĩa là Si-chem đã làm nhục và sỉ nhục Đi-na rất nhiều bằng cách buộc nàng ngủ với ông ta. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ "" ô - uế "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 34: 5 ] ." +GEN 34 28 ikb2 0 They took their flocks “Jacob’s sons took the people’s flocks” """ Các con trai của Gia-cốp bắt những bầy chiên của người """ +GEN 34 29 u4y1 0 all their wealth “all their possessions and money” """ Hết thảy của - cải, tiền - bạc """ +GEN 34 29 lb76 0 All their children and their wives, they captured “They captured all their children and wives” """ Chúng nó bắt hết thảy con cái và vợ con mình """ +GEN 34 30 tk7q figs-metaphor 0 brought trouble on me Causing someone to experience trouble is spoken of as if trouble were an object that is brought and placed on a person. Alternate translation: “caused great problems for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gây rắc rối cho ai đó được nói đến như thể rắc rối là một đối tượng được mang đến và đặt lên một người. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gây ra cho tôi những vấn đề lớn """ +GEN 34 30 g5qj figs-metaphor 0 to make me stink to the inhabitants of the land Causing the people in the surrounding areas to hate Jacob is spoken of as if Jacob’s sons made him smell bad physically. This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “You have made me repulsive to the people who live in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Việc khiến dân chúng trong vùng lân cận ghét Gia - cốp được nói đến như thể các con trai của Gia - cốp làm cho ông hôi hám về thể chất. Câu này có thể được dịch là một câu mới. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Chúa đã làm tôi ghê tởm những người sống trong xứ này """ +GEN 34 30 di4j figs-synecdoche 0 I am few in number…against me and attack me, then I will be destroyed, I and my household Here the words “I” and “me” refer to all of Jacob’s household. Jacob only says “I” or “me” since he is the leader. Alternate translation: “My household is small…against us and attack us, then they will destroy all of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây những từ "" tôi "" và "" tôi "" chỉ về tất cả người nhà của Gia-cốp. Gia-cốp chỉ nói "" tôi "" hoặc "" tôi "" vì ông là người lãnh đạo. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Gia đình tôi nhỏ bé … chống lại chúng tôi và tấn công chúng tôi, rồi họ sẽ hủy diệt tất cả chúng tôi "" ." +GEN 34 30 f8i3 0 gather themselves together against me and attack me “form an army and attack me” or “form an army and attack us” """ Thành lập một đạo quân và tấn công ta "" hay "" thành lập một đạo quân và tấn công chúng ta """ +GEN 34 30 pr2b figs-activepassive 0 then I will be destroyed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will destroy me” or “they will destroy us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Có thể dịch là: "" Chúng sẽ hủy diệt tôi "" hoặc "" Chúng sẽ hủy diệt chúng tôi """ +GEN 34 31 l9v7 figs-rquestion 0 Should Shechem have dealt with our sister as with a prostitute? Simeon and Levi use a question to emphasize that Shechem did what was wrong and deserved to die. Alternate translation: “Shechem should not have treated our sister as if she were a prostitute!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng Si-chem đã làm điều sai trái và đáng phải chết. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Si-chem lẽ ra không nên đối xử với em gái chúng ta như thể nó là một gái điếm! """ +GEN 35 intro r5b3 0 # Genesis 35 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Name change

In Scripture, a change in name always occurs at a highly significant point in a person’s life. The return of Jacob to Canaan was a significant event in the history of the Hebrew people.

### Covenant
The covenant God made with Abraham is repeated here. It indicates that all of Jacob’s descendants will inherit the promises of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) "Sáng thế ký 35 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Đổi tên +Trong Kinh Thánh, một sự thay đổi trong tên gọi luôn xảy ra tại một điểm rất quan trọng trong đời sống của một người. Sự trở về Ca-na-an của Gia-cốp là một sự kiện quan trọng trong lịch sử của dân Hê-bơ-rơ. Giao ước +Giao ước Đức Chúa Trời lập với Áp-ra-ham được lặp lại ở đây. Nó chỉ ra rằng mọi con cháu của Gia-cốp sẽ thừa hưởng những lời hứa của giao ước này." +GEN 35 1 m48u 0 go up to Bethel The phrase “go up” is used because Bethel is higher in elevation than Shechem. "Nhóm từ "" đi lên "" được sử dụng vì Bê-tên cao trọng hơn Si-chem." +GEN 35 1 a7yt figs-123person 0 Build an altar there to God God speaks about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “Build an altar there to me, your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Đức Chúa Trời phán về chính Ngài trong ngôi thứ ba. Dịch cách khác: "" Hãy lập tại đó một bàn thờ cho ta, Đức Chúa Trời ngươi """ +GEN 35 2 zm9p 0 said to his household “said to his family” """ Nói cùng gia đình mình """ +GEN 35 2 s6f2 0 Put away the foreign gods that are among you “Throw away your idols” or “Get rid of your false gods” """ Hãy ném bỏ thần tượng của các ngươi "" hay "" dẹp bỏ các thần giả dối của các ngươi """ +GEN 35 2 ke2n 0 purify yourselves, and change your clothes This was the custom of cleansing oneself morally and physically before going to worship God. Đây là phong tục tẩy sạch về đạo đức và thể chất trước khi thờ phượng Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 35 2 p78p translate-symaction 0 change your clothes Putting on a new clothes was a sign that they had made themselves clean before approaching God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Mặc quần áo mới là dấu hiệu cho thấy họ đã thanh sạch trước khi đến gần Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 35 3 uv67 0 in the day of my distress “in the time of my distress” or “when I was in trouble” """ Trong thì gian - truân "" hoặc "" khi gặp gian - truân """ +GEN 35 4 k9aj 0 So they gave “so everyone in Jacob’s household gave” or “so all of his family and servants gave” """ Vậy, mọi người trong nhà Gia-cốp đã cho "" hoặc "" hết thảy người nhà và tôi tớ người đã cho """ +GEN 35 4 v6i9 figs-metonymy 0 that were in their hand Here “in their hand” stands for what they own. Alternate translation: “that were in their possession” or “that they had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" trong tay họ "" tượng trưng cho những gì họ sở hữu. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Những gì họ có "" hoặc "" Những gì họ có """ +GEN 35 4 q9se 0 the rings that were in their ears “their earrings.” Possible meanings are (1) the gold in the earrings could have been used to make more idols or (2) they took these earrings from the city of Shechem after they attacked it and killed all the people. The earrings would have reminded them of their sin. """ Hoa tai của họ. "" +Có thể ý nghĩa là ( 1 ) vàng trong đôi bông tai có thể đã được dùng để làm ra nhiều thần tượng hơn hoặc ( 2 ) họ đã lấy đôi bông tai nầy từ thành phố Si-chem sau khi họ tấn công nó và giết hết dân sự. Đôi bông tai có thể đã nhắc nhở họ về tội lỗi của họ." +GEN 35 5 kv2s figs-metaphor 0 God made panic to fall on the cities God causing the people of the cities to be afraid of Jacob and his family is spoken of as if panic were an object that fell on the cities. The abstract noun “panic” can be stated as “afraid.” Alternate translation: “God made the people in the surrounding cities afraid of Jacob and those with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Đức Chúa Trời khiến dân các thành phố sợ hãi Gia-cốp và gia đình ông được nói đến như thể sự hoảng loạn là một đối tượng đã đổ xuống các thành phố. Danh từ trừu tượng "" hoảng sợ "" có thể được nêu là "" sợ hãi "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời làm cho dân các thành xung quanh sợ Gia - cốp và những người đi theo ông """ +GEN 35 5 nn7z figs-metonymy 0 on the cities Here “cities” stands for the people who live in the cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Thành phố "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người sống trong các thành phố." +GEN 35 5 gee5 figs-explicit 0 the sons of Jacob It is implied that no one attacked anyone in Jacob’s family. But two of the sons, Simeon and Levi had attacked the Canaanites relatives of Shechem after he seized and slept with Jacob’s daughter. Jacob was afraid they would seek revenge in [Genesis 34:30](../34/30.md). Alternate translation: “Jacob’s family” or “Jacob’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngụ ý rằng không ai tấn công ai trong gia đình của Giacốp. Nhưng hai trong số các con trai, Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi đã tấn công những người Ca-na-an bà con của Si-chem sau khi ông bắt và ngủ với con gái Gia-cốp. Gia - cốp sợ họ sẽ trả thù [ Sáng - thế Ký 34: 30 ] . Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia đình Gia - cốp "" hoặc "" gia đình Gia - cốp """ +GEN 35 6 ex8u translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một thành phố. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 28: 19 ] . +GEN 35 7 ku6t translate-names 0 El Bethel Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name El Bethel means ‘God of Bethel.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên El Bethel có nghĩa là ' Đức Chúa Trời của nhà Bê - tên ' . """ +GEN 35 7 i3c5 0 there God had revealed himself to him “there God made himself known to Jacob” """ Tại đó, Đức Chúa Trời khiến cho Gia-cốp biết Ngài """ +GEN 35 8 bz6e translate-names 0 Deborah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 35 8 xvy6 0 Rebekah’s nurse A nurse is a woman who takes care of another woman’s child. The nurse was highly honored and important to the family. Y tá là người phụ nữ chăm sóc con của người phụ nữ khác. Y tá rất vinh dự và quan trọng đối với gia đình. +GEN 35 8 je7d figs-activepassive 0 She was buried down from Bethel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried her down from Bethel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ chôn người từ nhà Bê - tên """ +GEN 35 8 v837 0 down from Bethel The phrase “down from” is used because they buried her in a place that was lower in elevation than Bethel. "Cụm từ "" từ dưới lên "" được sử dụng vì họ chôn bà ở một nơi thấp hơn Bê-tên." +GEN 35 8 cv5c translate-names 0 Allon Bakuth Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Allon Bakuth means ‘Oak tree where there is weeping.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm lời ghi chú sau: "" Tên Allon Bakuth có nghĩa là "" cây sồi nơi nào có nước mắt "" . """ +GEN 35 9 sbc1 figs-explicit 0 When Jacob came from Paddan Aram It can be made explicit that they were in Bethel. Alternate translation: “After Jacob left Paddan Aram, and while he was in Bethel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Chúng ta có thể cho thấy rõ là họ đã ở nhà Bê - tên. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sau khi Gia - cốp rời Pha - đan A - ram và ở Bê - tên """ +GEN 35 9 x1ha 0 blessed Here “bless” means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person. "Ở đây "" ban phước "" có nghĩa là chính thức chúc phước cho ai đó và khiến cho những điều tốt lành xảy ra cho người đó." +GEN 35 10 z15l figs-activepassive 0 but your name will no longer be called Jacob This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but your name will no longer be Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nhưng tên ngươi sẽ không còn là Gia - cốp nữa """ +GEN 35 11 i7mm 0 God said to him “God said to Jacob” """ Đức Chúa Trời phán cùng Gia-cốp """ +GEN 35 11 z2vl figs-doublet 0 Be fruitful and multiply God told Jacob to produce children so that there would be many of them. The word “multiply” explains how he was to be “fruitful.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 1:22](../01/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đức Chúa Trời bảo Gia-cốp sinh con cái để có nhiều con. Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách ông phải "" sanh - sản "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 1: 22 ] ." +GEN 35 11 p3b2 figs-metonymy 0 A nation and a company of nations will come from you Here “nation” and “nations” refer to Jacob’s descendants who will establish these nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Dân "" và "" các nước "" ở đây chỉ về con cháu Gia-cốp là những người sẽ thiết lập các dân tộc này." +GEN 35 13 ev4e 0 God went up from him Here “went up” is used because where God dwells is typically thought of as being up or above the world. Alternate translation: “God left him” "Ở đây chữ "" đi lên "" được dùng vì nơi Đức Chúa Trời ngự thường được nghĩ đến như là ở trên hoặc ở trên thế gian. Bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã lìa bỏ Ngài """ +GEN 35 14 b5hy 0 pillar This is a memorial pillar which was simply a large stone or boulder set up on its end. Đây là một cột trụ tưởng niệm đơn giản chỉ là một tảng đá lớn hoặc tảng đá được dựng lên ở cuối cột trụ. +GEN 35 14 epr5 translate-symaction 0 He poured out a drink offering over it and poured oil on it This is a sign that he is dedicating the pillar to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là dấu hiệu cho thấy ông đang dâng hiến cây cột cho Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 35 15 j65s 0 Bethel Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Bethel means ‘house of God.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Bê - tên có nghĩa là ' nhà của Đức Chúa Trời ' . """ +GEN 35 16 ap5k 0 Ephrath This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. Đây là một cái tên khác của thị trấn Bethlehem. +GEN 35 16 vy4h 0 She had hard labor “She was having a very difficult time giving birth to the child” """ Bà đang gặp khó khăn trong việc sinh con """ +GEN 35 17 x4mh 0 While she was in hardest labor “When the labor pain was at its worst” """ Khi cơn đau chuyển dạ trở nên tồi tệ nhất """ +GEN 35 17 s3cm 0 midwife a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child Một người giúp đỡ một phụ nữ khi bà đang sinh con +GEN 35 18 hn3n figs-idiom 0 As she was dying, with her dying breath A “dying breath” is a person’s last breath before he or she dies. Alternate translation: “Just before she died, as she was taking her last breath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Hơi thở hấp hối "" là hơi thở cuối cùng của một người trước khi chết. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Ngay trước khi chết, khi trút hơi thở cuối cùng """ +GEN 35 18 dty6 translate-names 0 Ben-Oni Translator may add a footnote that says “The name Ben-Oni means ‘son of my sorrow.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Người dịch có thể ghi thêm lời ghi chú như sau: "" Tên Ben - oni có nghĩa là ' con trai của sự đau khổ tôi ' . """ +GEN 35 18 d44e 0 Benjamin Translator may add a footnote that says “The name Benjamin means ‘son of the right hand.’” The phrase “right hand” indicates a place of special favor. "Dịch giả có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng "" tên Bên - gia - min có nghĩa là ' con trai của tay hữu ' . Cụm từ "" tay hữu "" ám chỉ một nơi được đặc ân." +GEN 35 19 v664 figs-activepassive 0 was buried This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they buried her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Họ chôn nàng """ +GEN 35 19 cj7f 0 on the way “alongside the road” """ Dọc đường """ +GEN 35 20 n32v 0 It is the marker of Rachel’s grave to this day “It marks Rachel’s grave still to this day” """ Nó đánh dấu ngôi mộ của Rachel cho đến ngày nay """ +GEN 35 20 lj22 0 to this day “up to the present time.” This means to the time that the author was writing this. """ Cho đến thời điểm hiện tại. "" +Điều này có nghĩa là cho đến thời điểm tác giả đang viết điều này." +GEN 35 21 iq45 figs-explicit 0 Israel traveled on It is implied that Israel’s family and servants are with him. The full meaning of this information can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Nó được ngụ ý rằng gia đình và những tôi tớ của Y-sơ-ra-ên ở cùng Ngài. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của thông tin này có thể được nói rõ ràng. +GEN 35 22 s2bs figs-euphemism 0 lay with This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với """ +GEN 35 22 w9fr translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 35 22 m9qr 0 Now Jacob had twelve sons This sentence begins a new paragraph, which continues into the following verses. Câu này bắt đầu một đoạn mới, đoạn này tiếp tục vào những câu sau. +GEN 35 22 lv7q translate-numbers 0 twelve sons “12 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 12 con trai """ +GEN 35 25 vbv7 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 35 26 bk2l translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 24 ] . +GEN 35 26 tc13 figs-explicit 0 who were born to him in Paddan Aram It is implied that this does not include Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan near Bethlehem. It only mentions Paddan Aram since that is where most of them were born. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who were born to him in Paddan Aram, except Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nó ngụ ý rằng điều này không bao gồm Bên-gia-min là người được sinh ra trong xứ Ca-na-an gần Bết-lê-hem. Nó chỉ đề cập đến Pha-đan A-ram vì đó là nơi hầu hết họ được sinh ra. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm rõ. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Những người được sinh ra cho ông ở Pha-đan A-ram, ngoại trừ Bên-gia-min được sinh ra trong xứ Ca-na-an """ +GEN 35 27 f44e figs-go 0 Jacob came to Isaac Here “came” can be stated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ở đây từ "" đến "" có thể phát biểu là "" đi "" ." +GEN 35 27 a58a translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của thành Hếp - rôn. Có thể nó được đặt theo tên của Mam - rê, bạn của Áp - ra - ham sống ở đó. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này [ Sáng - thế Ký 13: 18 ] . +GEN 35 27 bc7q translate-names 0 Kiriath Arba This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:2](../23/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một thành phố. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 2 ] . +GEN 35 28 x251 translate-numbers 0 one hundred eighty years “180 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 180 năm """ +GEN 35 29 rk3c figs-doublet 0 Isaac breathed his last and died “Isaac took his last breath and died.” The phrases “breathed his last” and “died” mean basically the same thing. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 25:8](../25/08.md). Alternate translation: “Isaac died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) """ Isaac trút hơi thở cuối cùng và chết. "" +Những cụm từ "" trút hơi thở cuối cùng "" và "" qua đời "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch một cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 25: 8 ] . Một cách dịch khác: "" Y-sác đã chết """ +GEN 35 29 p3ct figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. See how you translated this in [Genesis 25:8](../25/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về một người đã chết. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 25: 8 ] . +GEN 35 29 fpy4 figs-idiom 0 was gathered to his ancestors This means that after Isaac died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he joined his family members who had already died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là sau khi Y-sác qua đời, linh hồn của ông đi đến cùng một nơi với những người bà con của ông đã qua đời trước ông. Điều này có thể được nói đến dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Y - sác cùng gia đình đã qua đời """ +GEN 35 29 bxx8 figs-doublet 0 an old man full of days The phrases “old man” and “full of days” mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that Isaac lived a very long time. Alternate translation: “after he had lived a very long time and was very old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Cụm từ "" người già "" và "" đầy những ngày "" về cơ bản có cùng ý nghĩa. Chúng nhấn mạnh rằng Y-sác đã sống rất lâu. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sau khi ông đã sống rất lâu và đã rất già """ +GEN 36 intro st7p 0 # Genesis 36 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Esau’s descendants
Esau’s descendants became known as the Edomite people group. They also become a great nation. This nation is prominent in the rest of the Old Testament. God graciously blessed Esau and he had many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) "Sáng thế ký 36 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Con cháu của Ê-sau +Con cháu của Êsau được gọi là nhóm người Êđôm. Họ cũng trở thành một dân lớn. Dân tộc này nổi bật trong phần còn lại của Cựu Ước. Đức Chúa Trời nhân từ đã chúc phước cho Ê-sau và ông có nhiều con cháu." +GEN 36 1 zj65 figs-explicit 0 These were the descendants of Esau (also called Edom) “These are the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom.” This sentence introduces the account of Esau’s descendants in Genesis 36:1-8. Alternate translation: “This is an account of the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Ấy đó là những con cháu của Êsau, cũng gọi là Êđôm "" . Câu này giới thiệu lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Ê - sau nơi Sáng - thế Ký 36: 1 - 8. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ấy là lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Ê - sau, cũng được gọi là Ê - đôm "" ." +GEN 36 2 ac64 translate-names 0 Adah…Oholibamah These are names of Esau’s wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên những người vợ của Êsau. +GEN 36 2 hna3 translate-names 0 Elon the Hittite “Elon the descendant of Heth” or “Elon a descendant of Heth.” This is the name of a man. See how you translate this in [Genesis 26:34](../26/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Elon hậu duệ của Heth "" hay "" Elon hậu duệ của Heth. "" +Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 26: 34 ] ." +GEN 36 2 s9ni translate-names 0 Anah…Zibeon These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 2 hd6t 0 Hivite This refers to a larger group of people. See how you translated it in [Genesis 10:17](../10/17.md). Điều này ám chỉ đến một nhóm người đông hơn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 10: 17 ] . +GEN 36 3 g86y translate-names 0 Nebaioth a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Tên của một người đàn ông +GEN 36 3 k2u1 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of one of Esau’s wives. See how you translated this in [Genesis 26:34](../26/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong những người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 26: 34 ] . +GEN 36 3 n8tf translate-names 0 Nebaioth This is the name of one of Ishmael’s sons. See how you translated this in [Genesis 28:9](../28/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một trong những người con trai của Ích-ma-ên. Hãy xem bạn đã dịch điều này như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 28: 9 ] . +GEN 36 4 w5z8 translate-names 0 Adah…Basemath These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2-3](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên những người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 2 - 3 ] ( / 02.MD ) . +GEN 36 4 s7t4 translate-names 0 Eliphaz…Reuel These are names of Esau’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Êsau. +GEN 36 5 rp9l translate-names 0 Oholibamah These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên những người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 36: 2 ] ( . / 02.MD ) . +GEN 36 5 m5u2 translate-names 0 Jeush…Jalam…Korah These are names of Esau’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Êsau. +GEN 36 6 k2ey figs-explicit 0 which he had gathered in the land of Canaan This refers to all of the things that he had accumulated while living in the land of Canaan. Alternate translation: “which he had accumulated while living in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này ám chỉ tất cả những gì ông đã tích lũy được trong thời gian sống ở xứ Ca-na-an. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Mà ông đã tích lũy được khi sống ở xứ Ca - na - an """ +GEN 36 6 u7vt figs-idiom 0 went into a land This means to moved to another place and live there. Alternate translation: “went to live in another land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là chuyển đến một nơi khác và sống ở đó. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Sang sống ở một xứ khác """ +GEN 36 7 y3im 0 their possessions “Esau’s and Jacob’s possessions” """ Tài sản của Ê - sau và Gia - cốp """ +GEN 36 7 kr6m figs-explicit 0 could not support them because of their livestock The land was not large enough to support all of the livestock that Jacob and Esau owned. Alternate translation: “was not big enough to support all of their livestock” or “was not big enough for both Esau’s flocks and Jacob’s flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Vùng đất này không đủ rộng để nuôi tất cả các bầy gia súc mà Gia-cốp và Ê-sau sở hữu. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Không đủ lớn để nuôi tất cả các bầy gia súc của họ "" hoặc "" không đủ lớn cho cả bầy của Ê - sau lẫn bầy của Gia - cốp "" ." +GEN 36 7 ui47 figs-idiom 0 where they had settled The word “settled” means to move somewhere and live there. Alternate translation: “where they had moved to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Từ "" an cư "" có nghĩa là chuyển đến một nơi nào đó và sống ở đó. Một bản khác dịch là "" nơi họ đã chuyển đến """ +GEN 36 9 yd4a figs-explicit 0 These were the descendants of Esau This sentence introduces the account of Esau’s descendants in Genesis 36:9-43. Alternate translation: “This is an account of the descendants of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Câu này giới thiệu phần tường thuật về con cháu của Ê-sau trong Sáng thế ký 36: 9 - 43. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Đây là lời tường thuật về dòng dõi của Ê - sau """ +GEN 36 9 vme3 figs-explicit 0 in the hill country of Seir This means that they lived in the hill country of Seir. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “who lived in the hill country of Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là họ sống ở vùng đồi núi Sê - i - rơ. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Người sống trong vùng đồi núi Sê - i - rơ """ +GEN 36 10 kf9d translate-names 0 Eliphaz…Reuel These are names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:4](../36/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 4 ] . +GEN 36 10 b61h translate-names 0 Adah…Basemath These are names of Esau’s wives. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:2-3](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên những người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 2 - 3 ] ( / 02.MD ) . +GEN 36 11 uw62 translate-names 0 Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz These are names of the sons of Eliphaz. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Ê li pha. +GEN 36 12 q2xy translate-names 0 Amalek a son of Eliphaz (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Con trai Ê - li - pha +GEN 36 12 c8w1 translate-names 0 Timna This is the name of Eliphaz’s concubine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Ấy là tên vợ bé của Ê-li-pha. +GEN 36 13 qe6l translate-names 0 Reuel This is the name of a son of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 4 ] ( . / 04.MD ) . +GEN 36 13 eka4 translate-names 0 Nahath…Zerah…Shammah…Mizzah These are names of Reuel’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Remanuel. +GEN 36 13 tv77 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated this in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 3 ] ( . / 03.MĐ ) . +GEN 36 14 n41e translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated these in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những câu này trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 36: 2 ] ( . / 02.MD ) . +GEN 36 14 sz5g translate-names 0 Anah…Zibeon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 14 u6hp translate-names 0 Jeush, Jalam, and Korah These are names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:5](./05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cái tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 5 ] ( / 05.MD ) . +GEN 36 15 zg7m translate-names 0 Eliphaz This is the name of one of Esau’s sons. See how you translated his name in [Genesis 36:4](../36/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong các con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên của ông [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 4 ] . +GEN 36 15 lut6 translate-names 0 Teman, Omar, Zepho, Kenaz These are names of Eliphaz’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Ê-li-pha. +GEN 36 16 zr8u translate-names 0 Korah, Gatam, and Amalek These are names of Eliphaz’s sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Ê-li-pha. +GEN 36 16 j4yq translate-names 0 Adah This is the name of one of Esau’s wives. See how you translated her name in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong những người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên của bà trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 36: 2 ] ( . / 02.MD ) . +GEN 36 17 ts2e translate-names 0 Reuel This is the name of a son of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 4 ] ( . / 04.MD ) . +GEN 36 17 uk29 translate-names 0 Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, Mizzah These are the names of Reuel’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:13](../36/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Remanuel. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 13 ] . +GEN 36 17 h6as figs-explicit 0 in the land of Edom This means that they lived in the land of Edom. Alternate translation: “who lived in the land of Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là họ đã sống trong xứ Ê-đôm. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Những người sống trong xứ Ê - đôm """ +GEN 36 17 pn88 translate-names 0 Basemath This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:3](./03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 3 ] ( . / 03.MĐ ) . +GEN 36 18 bz8x translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a wife of Esau. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:2](./02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên một người vợ của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 2 ] ( / 02.MĐ ) . +GEN 36 18 lpz9 translate-names 0 Jeush, Jalam, Korah These are the names of Esau’s sons. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:5](./05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các con trai của Êsau. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cái tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 5 ] ( / 05.MD ) . +GEN 36 18 bs35 translate-names 0 Anah This the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:2](../36/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 2 ] . +GEN 36 20 nf56 0 Seir The word “Seir” is the name of a man and of a country. "Từ "" Seir "" là tên của một người đàn ông và của một đất nước." +GEN 36 20 pj69 0 the Horite The word “Horite” refers to a people group. See how you translated it in [Genesis 14:6](../14/06.md). "Từ ngữ "" Horite "" ám chỉ một nhóm người. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 14: 6 ] ." +GEN 36 20 lrw4 0 the inhabitants of the land “who lived in the land of Seir, which is also called Edom” """ Người ở tại xứ Sê i rơ, cũng gọi là Ê đôm """ +GEN 36 20 e8fa translate-names 0 Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 21 g54a translate-names 0 Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 22 ui8e translate-names 0 Lotan…Hori and Heman These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 22 r36g translate-names 0 Timna This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 36 23 c6jr translate-names 0 Shobal This is the name of man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](../36/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của con người. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 20 ] . +GEN 36 23 smz3 translate-names 0 Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 24 zng8 translate-names 0 Zibeon This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:20](../36/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 20 ] . +GEN 36 24 l94x translate-names 0 Aiah and Anah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 25 t8gx 0 Anah…Dishon These are names of men. See how you translated “Anah” in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md). "Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" anah "" trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 36: 20 ] ( . / 20.MD ) ." +GEN 36 25 esu6 translate-names 0 Oholibamah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 36 26 tb3r translate-names 0 Dishon…Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Keran These are names of men. See how you translated “Dishon” in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" dishon "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 21 ] ( / 21.MD ) ." +GEN 36 27 w3mp translate-names 0 Ezer…Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan These are names of men. See how you translated “Ezer” in [Genesis 36:20-21](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" ezer "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 20 - 21 ] ( . / 20.MD ) ." +GEN 36 28 u49l translate-names 0 Dishan…Uz and Aran These are names of men. See how you translated “Dishan” in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" dishan "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 21 ] ( / 21.MD ) ." +GEN 36 29 fkl1 translate-names 0 the Horites This is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [Genesis 14:6](../14/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nhóm người. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này trong Sáng - thế Ký 14: 6. +GEN 36 29 g2zx translate-names 0 Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, and Anah These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:20](./20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những cái tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 20 ] ( . / 20.MD ) . +GEN 36 30 cp7f translate-names 0 Dishon, Ezer, Dishan These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 36:21](./21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 36: 21 ] ( . / 21.MD ) . +GEN 36 30 yki3 figs-explicit 0 in the land of Seir This means that they lived in the land of Seir. Alternate translation: “of those who lived in the land of Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là họ sống ở xứ Sê - i - rơ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Những người sống ở xứ Sê - i - rơ """ +GEN 36 32 v99w translate-names 0 Bela…Beor These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 32 h4lb figs-idiom 0 the name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “the name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa đây là thành phố nơi ông sống. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tên thành phố nơi ông sống """ +GEN 36 32 e1xl translate-names 0 Dinhabah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 36 33 sr5r translate-names 0 Bela…Jobab…Zerah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 33 cuf9 translate-names 0 Bozrah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 36 34 d4sk translate-names 0 Jobab This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:33](../36/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 33 ] . +GEN 36 34 ne5s translate-names 0 Husham This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 36 34 l23l figs-explicit 0 Husham who was of the land of the Temanites This means that Husham lived in the land of the Temanites. Alternate translation: “Husham who lived in the land of the Temanites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Husham sống trong xứ của dân Temanite. Một cách dịch khác: "" Husham sống trong xứ của dân Thê - man """ +GEN 36 34 b498 translate-names 0 Temanites descendants of a man named Teman (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Con cháu của một người tên là Thê - man +GEN 36 35 ct4x translate-names 0 Husham…Hadad…Bedad These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 35 ar3g figs-idiom 0 The name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “The name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa đây là thành phố nơi ông sống. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tên thành phố nơi ông sống """ +GEN 36 35 i9ul translate-names 0 Avith These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các địa điểm. +GEN 36 36 en7h translate-names 0 Hadad…Samlah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 36 f4j5 translate-names 0 Samlah of Masrekah “Samlah from Masrekah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Samlah từ Masrekah """ +GEN 36 36 rd2a translate-names 0 Masrekah These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các địa điểm. +GEN 36 37 b1jl translate-names 0 Samlah This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 36:36](../36/36.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 36: 36 ] . +GEN 36 37 hji7 figs-explicit 0 then Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his place Shaul lived in Rehoboth. Rehoboth was by the Euphrates river. This information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “then Shaul reigned in his place. He was from Rehoboth which is by the Euphrates River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Shaul sống ở Rehoboth. Rê - hô - bốt ở gần sông Ơ - phơ - rát. Thông tin này có thể được nói rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sau đó Sau - lơ trị vì thế cho ông. Người từ Rê - hô - bốt ở gần sông Ơ - phơ - rát """ +GEN 36 37 c5xx translate-names 0 Shaul This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 36 37 d42q translate-names 0 Rehoboth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 36 38 c5rd translate-names 0 Shaul…Baal-Hanan…Akbor These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 39 jf15 translate-names 0 Baal-Hanan…Akbor…Hadar…Matred…Me Zahab These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 36 39 kk3p figs-idiom 0 The name of his city This means that this was the city where he lived. Alternate translation: “The name of the city where he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa đây là thành phố nơi ông sống. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tên thành phố nơi ông sống """ +GEN 36 39 sz99 translate-names 0 Pau These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên các địa điểm. +GEN 36 39 vn2x translate-names 0 Mehetabel This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 36 39 f6vx 0 the daughter of Matred, the granddaughter of Me Zahab “she was the daughter of Matred, and the granddaughter of Me Zahab” """ Nó là con gái của Mát - rết, và cháu gái của ta, Xa - háp """ +GEN 36 40 bim6 0 the heads of clans “the leaders of the clans” """ Các quan trưởng của các chi tộc """ +GEN 36 40 n8cf figs-explicit 0 according to their clans and their regions, by their names The clans and the regions were named after the heads of the clans. Alternate translation: “the names of their clans and the regions where they lived were named after them. These are their names” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Các thị tộc và khu vực được đặt tên theo tên của các tộc trưởng. Dịch giả: "" Tên của các thị tộc và khu vực nơi họ sống được đặt theo tên của họ. Đây là tên của họ """ +GEN 36 40 yu9e translate-names 0 Timna, Alvah, Jetheth These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những nhóm người. +GEN 36 41 q8em translate-names 0 Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những nhóm người. +GEN 36 42 f4dx translate-names 0 Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những nhóm người. +GEN 36 43 bjb8 translate-names 0 Magdiel, and Iram These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những nhóm người. +GEN 36 43 f84q 0 their settlements “their dwelling places” or “the places they lived” """ Nơi họ ở "" hoặc "" nơi họ ở """ +GEN 36 43 zc7w figs-metonymy 0 This was Esau This list is said “to be” Esau, which means that it is the whole list of his descendants. Alternate translation: “This is the list of the descendants of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Danh sách nầy được nói "" là "" Êsau, có nghĩa đó là toàn bộ danh sách của con cháu ông. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" Danh sách con cháu Ê - sau "" ." +GEN 37 intro s17y 0 # Genesis 37 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter begins to record the account of Jacob’s sons. The rest of the book of Genesis focuses on Jacob’s sons, especially Joseph. This chapter also references Jacob as “Israel” beginning in this chapter.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Favoritism
Jacob’s favoritism became a great problem for his sons. They are always jealous of Joseph because he is the favorite son. The beautiful garment Jacob gave to Joseph greatly strained the relationship between Joseph and his brothers. Joseph dreams he will rule all of his brothers, even though he is not the oldest son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]])

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]]) "Sáng thế ký 37 ghi chú +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Chương này bắt đầu ghi lại câu chuyện về các con trai của Gia-cốp. Phần còn lại của sách Sáng thế ký tập trung vào các con trai của Gia-cốp, đặc biệt là Giô-sép. Chương này cũng đề cập đến Gia-cốp như "" Y-sơ-ra-ên "" bắt đầu trong chương này. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +SỰ THIÊN VỊ +Sự thiên vị của Gia-cốp trở thành một vấn đề lớn cho các con trai ông. Họ luôn ghen tị với Giô - sép vì chàng là con cưng. Chiếc áo đẹp Gia-cốp đã trao cho Giô-sép đã làm căng thẳng mối quan hệ giữa Giô-sép và các anh em của ông. Giô - sép nằm mơ thấy mình sẽ cai trị tất cả các anh, dù chàng không phải là con cả. QUYỀN PHÉP CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Lời tường thuật về Giô - sép tập trung vào quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời có thể che chở dân Ngài bất kể một số hành động gian ác của họ. Ngài cũng có thể tiếp tục ban phước cho họ bất kể hoàn cảnh của họ." +GEN 37 1 y34b 0 the land where his father was staying, in the land of Canaan “in the land of Canaan where his father had lived” """ Trong xứ Ca - na - an, là nơi cha người đã ở """ +GEN 37 2 gx4z figs-synecdoche 0 These were the events concerning Jacob This sentence introduces the account of Jacob’s children in Genesis 37:1-50:26. Here “Jacob” refers to his whole family. Alternate translation: “This is the account of Jacob’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Câu này giới thiệu phần tường thuật về các con của Gia-cốp trong Sáng Thế Ký 37: 1 - 50: 26. Ở đây, "" Gia - cốp "" ám chỉ cả gia đình ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đây là lời tường thuật về gia đình Gia - cốp """ +GEN 37 2 h2a4 translate-numbers 0 seventeen years old “17 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 17 tuổi """ +GEN 37 2 kg73 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 37 2 g6zc translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 24 ] . +GEN 37 2 gp4s 0 wives These women were servants of Leah and Rachel whom they had given to Jacob to produce children. Những người nữ nầy là tôi tớ của Lê a và Ra chên, mà họ đã gả cho Gia cốp đặng sanh con cái. +GEN 37 2 fj2x 0 an unfavorable report about them “a bad report about his brothers” """ Tin chẳng lành về anh em mình """ +GEN 37 3 in67 writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Israel and Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Y-sơ-ra-ên và Giô-sép. +GEN 37 3 hu4a 0 loved This refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is natural human love between friends or relatives. Điều này nói đến tình yêu thương anh em hoặc tình yêu thương đối với một người bạn hoặc thành viên trong gia đình. Đây là tình yêu thương tự nhiên giữa bạn bè hoặc người thân. +GEN 37 3 fd1u figs-idiom 0 of his old age This means that Joseph was born when Israel was an old man. Alternate translation: “who was born when Israel was an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Giô-sép được sinh ra khi Y-sơ-ra-ên là một ông già. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" ai sinh ra khi dân Y - sơ - ra - ên đã già """ +GEN 37 3 n9xs 0 He made him “Israel made Joseph” """ Y-sơ-ra-ên đã làm nên Giô-sép """ +GEN 37 3 m9ni 0 a beautiful garment “a beautiful robe” """ Áo đẹp """ +GEN 37 4 ua1k 0 would not speak kindly to him “could not speak in a courteous manner to him” """ Không được nói với người theo phép lịch sự """ +GEN 37 5 z7xa 0 Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told his brothers about it. They hated him even more This is a summary of the events that will happen in 37:6-11. Đây là bản tóm tắt các biến cố sẽ xảy ra trong 37: 6 - 11. +GEN 37 5 req1 0 They hated him even more “And Joseph’s brothers hated him even more than they hated him before” """ Các anh Giô - sép lại càng ghét chàng hơn trước """ +GEN 37 6 c6ln 0 Please listen to this dream which I dreamed “Please listen to this dream that I had” """ Xin hãy nghe giấc chiêm bao nầy mà con đã có """ +GEN 37 7 hu4k 0 General Information: Joseph tells his brothers about his dream. Giô - sép kể lại giấc mơ cho các anh nghe. +GEN 37 7 zk8j 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 37 7 v7ub figs-exclusive 0 we were The word “we” refers to Joseph and includes all of his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Chữ "" chúng tôi "" ám chỉ Giô-sép và bao gồm tất cả các anh em của ông." +GEN 37 7 lp7e 0 tying bundles of grain When grain is reaped it is tied into bundles and stacked until it is time to separate the grain from the straw. Khi thu hoạch lúa, người ta buộc lúa vào những bó và chất thành đống cho đến khi đến lúc tách lúa mì ra khỏi rơm rạ. +GEN 37 7 p45z 0 behold Here the word “behold” here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. "Ở đây từ ngữ "" nầy "" ở đây cho thấy rằng Giôsép đã kinh ngạc bởi những gì ông đã nhìn thấy." +GEN 37 7 yu7f figs-personification 0 my bundle rose and stood upright…your bundles came around and bowed down Here the bundles of grain are standing and kneeling as if they were people. These bundle represent Joseph and his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) Ở đây, những bó lúa đang đứng và quỳ như thể chúng là người. Bó lúa này tượng trưng cho Giô - sép và các anh của chàng. +GEN 37 8 yak9 figs-parallelism 0 Will you really reign over us? Will you actually rule over us? Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Joseph’s brothers are using questions to mock Joseph. They can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “You will never be our king, and we will never bow down to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Cả hai cụm từ này về cơ bản đều có nghĩa như nhau. Các anh của Giô-sép đang sử dụng các câu hỏi để chế giễu Giô-sép. Họ có thể được viết như những câu khẳng định. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Ngươi sẽ không bao giờ là vua của chúng ta, và chúng ta sẽ không bao giờ quỳ lạy ngươi! """ +GEN 37 8 pjm9 figs-exclusive 0 reign over us The word “us” refers to Joseph’s brothers but not Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Chữ "" chúng ta "" ám chỉ đến các anh của Giôsép nhưng không phải là Giôsép." +GEN 37 8 gtl3 0 for his dreams and for his words “because of his dreams and what he said” """ Vì những điềm chiêm bao và những điều Ngài đã phán """ +GEN 37 9 kyz2 0 He dreamed another dream “Joseph had another dream” """ Giô - sép lại nằm chiêm - bao nữa """ +GEN 37 9 tzi7 translate-numbers 0 eleven stars “11 stars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 11 ngôi sao """ +GEN 37 10 fqz5 0 his father rebuked him. He said to him “Israel scolded him, saying” """ Y sơ ra ên mắng nhiếc người, mà rằng """ +GEN 37 10 c1l9 figs-rquestion 0 What is this dream that you have dreamed? Will your mother…to the ground to you? Israel uses questions to correct Joseph. This can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “This dream you had is not real. Your mother, brothers, and I will not bow down before you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Y-sơ-ra-ên sử dụng những câu hỏi để sửa sai Giô-sép. Điều này có thể được viết ra. Một bản dịch khác: "" Giấc mơ này không có thật. Mẹ các con, các con, và ta sẽ không quỳ lạy trước mặt các con! """ +GEN 37 11 r99i 0 jealous This means being angry because someone else is successful or more popular. Điều này có nghĩa là nổi giận vì một người khác thành công hay nổi tiếng hơn. +GEN 37 11 ml87 figs-idiom 0 kept the matter in mind The means that he kept thinking about the meaning of Joseph’s dream. Alternate translation: “kept thinking about what the dream might mean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Phương tiện mà các anh cứ nghĩ mãi về ý nghĩa của giấc mơ của Giô-sép. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tiếp tục suy nghĩ về ý nghĩa của giấc mơ """ +GEN 37 13 is7f figs-rquestion 0 Are not your brothers tending the flock in Shechem? Israel uses a question to begin a conversation. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You brothers are tending the flock in Shechem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Israel sử dụng một câu hỏi để bắt đầu một cuộc đối thoại. Điều này có thể được viết như một tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các anh đang chăn bầy chiên ở Si - chem "" ." +GEN 37 13 mkc7 figs-explicit 0 Come Here it is implied that Israel is asking Joseph to prepare himself to leave and go see his brothers. Alternate translation: “Get ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ở đây ngụ ý rằng Y-sơ-ra-ên đang yêu cầu Giô-sép chuẩn bị chính mình để ra đi và đi gặp các anh em của mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Hãy sẵn sàng """ +GEN 37 13 py59 figs-explicit 0 I am ready He is ready to leave. “I am ready to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngài đã sẵn sàng ra đi. "" Tôi sẵn sàng đi """ +GEN 37 14 qey4 0 He said to him “Israel said to Joseph” """ Y-sơ-ra-ên nói cùng Giô-sép """ +GEN 37 14 w1ct figs-idiom 0 bring me word Israel wants Joseph to come back and tell him about how his brother and flocks are doing. Alternate translation: “come tell me what you find out” or “give me a report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Y-sơ-ra-ên muốn Giô-sép trở lại và nói cho ông biết về những gì anh và bầy chiên của ông đang làm. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hãy đến nói cho tôi biết những gì anh biết "" hoặc "" Hãy báo cáo cho tôi """ +GEN 37 14 lr5e 0 out of the Valley “from the Valley” """ Từ trong trũng """ +GEN 37 15 un9m 0 A certain man found Joseph. Behold, Joseph was wandering in a field “A certain man found Joseph wandering in a field” """ Có một người gặp Giô - sép ở ngoài đồng """ +GEN 37 15 d2cb 0 Behold This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. Điều này đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một sự kiện khác trong câu chuyện lớn hơn. Nó có thể liên quan đến những người khác nhau hơn các sự kiện trước đó. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có cách để làm điều này. +GEN 37 15 s9np 0 What do you seek? “What are you looking for?” """ Anh đang tìm cái gì vậy? """ +GEN 37 16 a4w2 0 Tell me, please, where “Please tell me where” """ Xin chỉ cho tôi biết """ +GEN 37 16 w68c 0 tending the flock “shepherding their flock” """ Chăn bầy mình """ +GEN 37 17 kti6 translate-names 0 Dothan This is the name of a place that is about 22 kilometers from Shechem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một địa danh cách Si-chem khoảng 22 cây số. +GEN 37 18 b5ik 0 They saw him from a distance “Joseph’s brothers saw him while he was far away” """ Các anh của Giô-sép đã thấy Ngài trong khi Ngài ở đằng xa """ +GEN 37 18 j6pl 0 they plotted against him to kill him “they made plans to kill him” """ Chúng bèn toan mưu giết Ngài """ +GEN 37 19 e925 0 this dreamer is approaching “here comes the one who has the dreams” """ Kìa kẻ nằm chiêm bao đã đến """ +GEN 37 20 gv2f figs-idiom 0 Come now, therefore This wording shows that the brothers acted upon their plans. Alternate translation: “So now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Những lời này cho thấy anh em đã hành động theo kế hoạch của họ. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Bây giờ """ +GEN 37 20 q5ub 0 wild animal “dangerous animal” or “ferocious animal” """ Con vật nguy hiểm "" hay "" Con vật hung dữ """ +GEN 37 20 tf98 0 devoured to eagerly have eaten Để háo hức có ăn +GEN 37 20 f645 figs-irony 0 We will see what will become of his dreams His brothers planned to kill him, therefore it is ironic that they would speak of his dream coming true, since he would be dead. Alternate translation: “That way we will make sure his dreams do not come true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) "Các anh của ông đã lên kế hoạch giết ông, vì vậy thật mỉa mai khi họ nói về giấc mơ của ông sẽ thành sự thật, vì ông sẽ chết. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Bằng cách đó chúng ta sẽ chắc chắn rằng những giấc mơ của ông không thành sự thật "" ." +GEN 37 21 hcd3 0 heard it “heard what they were saying” """ Nghe điều chúng nó nói """ +GEN 37 21 h7vp figs-metonymy 0 from their hand The phrase “their hand” refers to the brothers’ plan to kill him. Alternate translation: “from them” or “from their plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Nhóm từ "" tay chúng nó "" đề cập đến kế hoạch giết Ngài của các anh em. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Từ họ "" hoặc "" Từ kế hoạch của họ """ +GEN 37 21 tgx9 figs-euphemism 0 Let us not take his life The phrase “take his life” is a euphemism for killing someone. Alternate translation: “Let us not kill Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Cụm từ "" cất lấy mạng sống mình "" là một uyển ngữ nói tới việc giết một ai đó. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Chúng ta chớ giết Giô - sép """ +GEN 37 22 ia68 figs-litotes 0 Shed no blood The negation can be placed on the verb. Also, “shedding blood” is a euphemism for killing someone. Alternate translation: “Do not spill any blood” or “Do not kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Sự phủ định có thể đặt trên động từ. Ngoài ra, "" làm đổ huyết "" là một uyển ngữ nói về việc giết người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đừng làm đổ máu "" hoặc "" Đừng giết người """ +GEN 37 22 pp4s 0 that he might rescue him This can be translated as a new sentence: “Rueben said this so that he might rescue Joseph” "Điều nầy có thể được dịch là một câu mới: "" Rubên nói điều nầy để các anh có thể giải cứu Giôsép """ +GEN 37 22 w33s figs-metonymy 0 out of their hand The phrase “their hand” refers to the brothers’ plan to kill him. Alternate translation: “from them” or “from their plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Nhóm từ "" tay chúng nó "" đề cập đến kế hoạch giết Ngài của các anh em. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Từ họ "" hoặc "" Từ kế hoạch của họ """ +GEN 37 22 qi79 0 to bring him back “and return him” """ Và giao nộp Ngài """ +GEN 37 23 avb4 0 It came about that when This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 37 23 hk1a 0 they stripped him of his beautiful garment “they tore his beautiful garment off of him” """ Họ xé áo Ngài """ +GEN 37 23 r88s 0 beautiful garment “beautiful robe.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 37:3](../37/03.md). """ Áo đẹp đấy. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 37: 3 ] ." +GEN 37 25 z1zh figs-synecdoche 0 They sat down to eat bread “Bread” represents food in general. Alternate translation: “They sat down to eat food” or “Joseph’s brothers sat down to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Bánh mì "" tượng trưng cho thức ăn nói chung. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Họ ngồi ăn "" hoặc "" các anh của Giô - sép ngồi ăn """ +GEN 37 25 u8ky figs-metaphor 0 They lifted up their eyes and looked, and, behold, a caravan Here looking up is spoken of as if a person literally lifted up his eyes. Also, the word “behold” is used here to draw the reader’s attention to what the men saw. Alternate translation: “They looked up and they suddenly saw a caravan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây nhìn lên được nói đến như thể một người thực sự ngước mắt lên. Ngoài ra, từ "" kìa "" cũng được dùng ở đây để thu hút sự chú ý của người đọc về những gì họ đã thấy. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Họ nhìn lên và thình lình thấy một đoàn người """ +GEN 37 25 vw51 0 bearing carrying Đang mang +GEN 37 25 ry7t 0 spices seasonings Gia vị +GEN 37 25 c9x3 0 balm an oily substance with a sweet smell used for healing and protecting skin. “medicine” "Một chất dầu có mùi thơm được dùng để chữa bệnh và bảo vệ da. "" Thuốc """ +GEN 37 25 c48b figs-explicit 0 traveling to carry them down to Egypt “bringing them down to Egypt.” This can be made more explicit. Alternate translation: “bringing them down to Egypt to sell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Đưa họ xuống Ai Cập. "" +Điều này có thể được làm rõ ràng hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đem họ xuống xứ Ê - díp - tô để bán """ +GEN 37 26 jqq1 figs-rquestion 0 What profit is it if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “We do not gain a profit by killing our brother and covering up his blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Điều này có thể được viết như một lời tuyên bố. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Chúng ta không được lợi lộc gì khi giết anh em và làm đổ máu người """ +GEN 37 26 t3nl figs-metaphor 0 cover up his blood This is a figure of speech referring to hiding Joseph’s death. Alternate translation: “hide his murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đây là một hình bóng nói tới việc che giấu cái chết của Giôsép. Một cách dịch khác: "" Giấu kẻ sát nhân """ +GEN 37 27 z5vv 0 to the Ishmaelites “to these men who are descendants of Ishmael” """ Dành cho những người là con cháu của Ích-ma-ên """ +GEN 37 27 drn8 figs-idiom 0 not lay our hands upon him This means not to harm or injure him. Alternate translation: “not hurt him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là không được làm hại hay gây thương tích cho Ngài. Một cách dịch khác: "" Không làm người bị thương """ +GEN 37 27 x3zy figs-metonymy 0 he is our brother, our flesh The word “flesh” is a metonym that stands for a relative. Alternate translation: “he is our blood relative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Từ ngữ "" xác thịt "" là một hoán dụ tượng trưng cho một người bà con. Một cách dịch khác: "" Người bà con của chúng ta """ +GEN 37 27 ih6w 0 His brothers listened to him “Judah’s brothers listened to him” or “Judah’s brothers agreed with him” """ Các anh em của Giu-đa nghe theo lời ông "" hoặc "" Các anh em của Giu-đa đã đồng ý với ông """ +GEN 37 28 fs89 0 Midianite…Ishmaelites Both names refer to the same group of traders that Joseph’s brothers meet. Cả hai tên đều nói đến cùng một nhóm người buôn bán mà các anh của Giô-sép gặp. +GEN 37 28 plq1 translate-numbers 0 for twenty pieces of silver “for the price of 20 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Với giá 20 miếng bạc """ +GEN 37 28 sty7 0 carried Joseph into Egypt “took Joseph to Egypt” """ Đem Giô-sép qua xứ Ê-díp-tô """ +GEN 37 29 u33n 0 Reuben returned to the pit, and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit “Reuben returned to the pit, and was surprised to see that Joseph was not there.” The word “behold” here shows that Reuben was surprised to find out Joseph was gone. """ Ru-bên trở lại hố, và rất ngạc nhiên khi thấy Giô-sép không có ở đó. "" +Từ "" nầy "" ở đây cho thấy Ru-bên rất ngạc nhiên khi phát hiện ra Giô-sép đã ra đi." +GEN 37 29 q2rx figs-explicit 0 He tore his clothes This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: “He was so grieved that he tore his clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là một hành động đau buồn sâu sắc. Điều này có thể được viết rõ ràng hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông đau buồn đến độ xé quần áo """ +GEN 37 30 rz5i figs-rquestion 0 The boy is not there! And I, where can I go? Reuben uses questions for emphasis the problem that Joseph was missing. These can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “The boy is gone! I cannot go back home now!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Ru-bên sử dụng những câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh vấn đề mà Giô-sép đã bỏ qua. Những câu này có thể được viết thành câu. Một bản dịch khác: "" Cậu bé đã ra đi! +Bây giờ tôi không thể về nhà được! """ +GEN 37 31 mg6n 0 Joseph’s garment This refers to the beautiful garment that his father made for him. Điều này nói đến chiếc áo đẹp mà Cha ngài đã may cho ngài. +GEN 37 31 v9ds 0 the blood “the goat’s blood” """ Huyết dê con """ +GEN 37 32 uw8d 0 they brought it “they brought the garment” """ Họ đem áo đến """ +GEN 37 33 jk1r 0 has devoured him “has eaten him” """ Đã ăn rồi """ +GEN 37 33 i3f2 figs-activepassive 0 Joseph has certainly been torn to pieces Jacob thinks that a wild animal has torn Joseph’s body apart. Alternate translation: “It has certainly torn Joseph to pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Gia-cốp nghĩ rằng một con thú hoang đã xé xác Giô-sép ra từng mảnh. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Chắc chắn nó đã xé Giô - sép ra từng mảnh """ +GEN 37 34 br9g figs-explicit 0 Jacob tore his garments This is an act of deep distress and grief. This can be written more clearly. Alternate translation: “Jacob was so grieved that he tore his garments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đây là một hành động đau buồn sâu sắc. Điều này có thể được viết rõ ràng hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Gia - cốp buồn rầu đến độ xé quần áo """ +GEN 37 34 x4zj figs-explicit 0 put sackcloth upon his loins Here “loins” refers to the middle part of the body or the waist. Alternate translation: “put on sackcloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ở đây "" lưng "" đề cập đến phần giữa của thân thể hay phần thắt lưng. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Mặc bao gai """ +GEN 37 35 rd4c figs-metaphor 0 rose up Here the childrens’ coming to their father is spoke of as “rising up.” Alternate translation: “came to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây, việc bọn trẻ đến với cha được gọi là "" đứng dậy "" . Một bản khác dịch là "" đến cùng Ngài "" ." +GEN 37 35 inp9 figs-activepassive 0 but he refused to be comforted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but he would not let them comfort him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nhưng Ngài không để họ an ủi Ngài """ +GEN 37 35 qls4 figs-explicit 0 Indeed I will go down to Sheol mourning The means that he be mourning from now until when he dies. Alternate translation: “Indeed when I die and go down to Sheol I will still be mourning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nghĩa là Ngài được than khóc từ bây giờ cho đến khi Ngài chết. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Khi tôi chết và xuống âm phủ, tôi vẫn còn than khóc """ +GEN 37 36 p1k8 0 The Midianites sold him “The Midianites sold Joseph” """ Dân Ma - đi - an bán Giô - sép """ +GEN 37 36 zpi7 0 the captain of the bodyguard “the leader of the soldiers who guarded the king” """ Quan tổng binh canh giữ vua """ +GEN 38 intro m9uv 0 # Genesis 38 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter focuses on Jacob’s son Judah.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### “Spilling his seed”
Onan was to provide for his brother’s widow and give her an heir. This phrase indicates that he used Tamar to fulfill his own sexual desires rather than help her. This was sinful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])

### God preserves Judah’s line
The Canaanite woman, Tamar, deceived her father-in-law, Judah, into having sexual relations with her. If it had not been for this act, Judah would not have any descendants to carry on his family line. Although her actions were wrong, God used them to protect his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]]) "Sáng thế ký 38 ghi chú chung +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Chương này tập trung vào Giu-đa, con trai của Gia-cốp. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +"" Làm cho dòng dõi người tràn ra "" +Ô-nan phải chu cấp cho góa phụ của em mình và sinh cho bà một người thừa kế. Nhóm từ này cho thấy rằng ông đã dùng Ta-ma để thỏa mãn những ham muốn tình dục của riêng mình thay vì giúp đỡ nàng. Đây là tội lỗi. Đức Chúa Trời gìn giữ dòng dõi Giu-đa +Người đàn bà Ca - na - an là Ta - ma đã lừa dối cha chồng là Giu - đa để ông có quan hệ tình dục với bà. Nếu không có hành động này, Giu - đa sẽ không có con cháu nối dõi. Dù hành động của bà sai, nhưng Đức Chúa Trời đã dùng họ để bảo vệ dân Ngài." +GEN 38 1 d341 writing-newevent 0 It came about at that time that Judah This introduces a new part of the story that focuses on Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Điều này giới thiệu một phần mới của câu chuyện tập trung vào Giu-đa. +GEN 38 1 mm6t translate-names 0 a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah Hirah is the name of a man who lived in the village of Adullam. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Hi ra là tên của một người đàn ông sống ở làng A đu lam. +GEN 38 2 g2ep translate-names 0 whose name was Shua Shua is a Canaanite woman who married Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Su - a là người đàn bà Ca - na - an kết hôn với Giu - đa. +GEN 38 2 ri4x figs-euphemism 0 he went in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Hắn có quan hệ tình dục với nàng """ +GEN 38 3 tdy5 0 She became pregnant “Judah’s wife became pregnant” """ Vợ của Giu-đa có thai """ +GEN 38 3 b2qs figs-activepassive 0 He was named Er This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “His father named him Er” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được viết dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Cha anh đặt tên anh là ER """ +GEN 38 3 uw47 translate-names 0 Er Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Con trai của Giu-đa +GEN 38 4 j52v 0 called his name “named him” """ Đặt tên cho nó """ +GEN 38 4 d5vx translate-names 0 Onan Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Con trai của Giu-đa +GEN 38 5 qtm2 translate-names 0 Shelah Judah’s son (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Con trai của Giu-đa +GEN 38 5 q8z9 translate-names 0 Kezib This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 38 6 yph1 translate-names 0 Er This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:3](../38/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong các con trai của Giu-đa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 3 ] . +GEN 38 7 dn6g figs-idiom 0 was wicked in the sight of Yahweh The phrase “in the sight” refers to Yahweh seeing Er’s wickedness. Alternate translation: “was wicked and Yahweh saw it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" trước mặt Chúa "" ám chỉ Đức Giê-hô-va nhìn thấy sự gian ác của ER. Dịch cách khác: "" Có phải là gian ác và Đức Giê-hô-va nhìn thấy nó """ +GEN 38 7 i5dq figs-explicit 0 Yahweh killed him Yahweh killed him because he was wicked. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ðức Giê hô va giết người, vì người là gian ác. Điều này có thể được làm rõ. Dịch sát nghĩa: "" Vì vậy Đức Giê - hô - va giết ông """ +GEN 38 8 tk66 translate-names 0 Onan This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:4](../38/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong các con trai của Giu-đa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 4 ] . +GEN 38 8 kks8 figs-euphemism 0 Go in to your brother’s wife This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with your brother’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Ăn nằm với vợ của anh em mình """ +GEN 38 8 a6ev 0 Do the duty of a brother-in-law to her This refers to a custom that when the oldest brother dies before he and his wife have a son, the next oldest brother would marry and have sexual relations with the widow. When the widow gave birth to the first son, that son was considered the son of the oldest brother and he would receive the oldest brother’s inheritance. Điều này ám chỉ một phong tục là khi anh cả qua đời trước khi anh và vợ có con trai, người anh kế sẽ kết hôn và có quan hệ tình dục với người góa phụ. Khi người góa phụ sinh con trai đầu lòng, con trai đó được xem là con trai của người anh cả và sẽ nhận quyền thừa kế của người anh cả. +GEN 38 9 h2uc figs-euphemism 0 he went in to This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Anh ấy có quan hệ tình dục với """ +GEN 38 10 d3ql figs-idiom 0 was evil in the sight of Yahweh The phrase “in the sight” refers to Yahweh seeing Onan’s wickedness. Alternate translation: “was evil and Yahweh saw it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" trước mặt Chúa "" ám chỉ Đức Giê-hô-va nhìn thấy sự gian ác của Ô-nan. Dịch cách khác: "" Có điều ác và Đức Giê-hô-va nhìn thấy nó """ +GEN 38 10 pa7a figs-explicit 0 Yahweh killed him also Yahweh killed him because what he did was evil. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh killed him also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ðức Giê hô va giết người, vì việc người làm là dữ. Điều này có thể được làm rõ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Vậy Đức Giê - hô - va cũng giết ông """ +GEN 38 11 w812 0 his daughter-in-law “his oldest son’s wife” """ Vợ của con trai cả """ +GEN 38 11 tu93 figs-explicit 0 in your father’s house This means her to live in here father’s house. Alternate translation: “and live in your father’s house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là cô phải sống trong nhà của cha. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Và sống trong nhà của Cha """ +GEN 38 11 xx8w figs-explicit 0 until Shelah, my son, grows up Judah intends for Tamar to marry Shelah when he grows up. Alternate translation: “and when Shelah, my son, grows up, he can marry you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Giu-đa có ý định để Tha-ma cưới Sê-la khi ông lớn lên. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Và khi Sê - la, con trai ta, lớn lên, nó có thể lấy con """ +GEN 38 11 e1y2 translate-names 0 Shelah This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:5](../38/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong các con trai của Giu-đa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 5 ] . +GEN 38 11 ib5z figs-explicit 0 For he feared, “He might also die, just like his brothers Judah feared that if Shelah married Tamar he would also die like his brothers did. Alternate translation: “For he feared, ‘If he marries her he may also die like his brothers did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Giu-đa sợ rằng nếu Sê-la cưới Ta-ma, ông cũng sẽ chết như các anh em mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì ông sợ rằng nếu lấy nàng, ông cũng có thể chết như các anh mình "" ." +GEN 38 12 fpu9 translate-names 0 Shua’s This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:2](../38/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 2 ] . +GEN 38 12 ws3g 0 Judah was comforted and “When Judah was no longer grieving, he” """ Khi Giu - đa không còn buồn - rầu nữa """ +GEN 38 12 f28q 0 his sheepshearers at Timnah “Timnah, where his men were shearing sheep” """ Thim - na, nơi đó dân - sự người hớt lông chiên """ +GEN 38 12 cx57 translate-names 0 Timnah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 38 12 gmi5 0 he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite “His friend Hiram, from Adullam, went with him” """ Hiram, bạn nó, ở A đu lam, đi cùng nó """ +GEN 38 12 ep2s translate-names 0 Hirah the Adullamite “Hiram” is the name of a man, and “Adullam” is the name of a village where he lived. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Hi-ram "" là tên của một người đàn ông, còn "" A-đu-lam "" là tên của một ngôi làng nơi ông sống. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 1 ] ." +GEN 38 13 pf3r figs-activepassive 0 Tamar was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told Tamar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Có người nói với Tha-ma """ +GEN 38 13 g6yw 0 Look, your father-in-law “Listen.” Here the word “look” is used to get Tamar attention. """ Nghe này. "" +Ở đây từ ngữ "" nhìn "" được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý của Tha-ma." +GEN 38 13 dt3t 0 your father-in-law “your husband’s father” """ Cha chồng bà """ +GEN 38 14 z7kx translate-names 0 Enaim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. +GEN 38 14 l825 0 of her widowhood “that widows wear” """ Đàn - bà góa ấy """ +GEN 38 14 z8wu 0 veil a very thin material used to cover a woman’s head and face A very thin material used to cover a woman ' s head and face +GEN 38 14 w9p6 figs-explicit 0 wrapped herself This means that she hid herself with her clothing so that people would not recognize her. Traditionally, part of women’s clothing were large pieces of cloth they wrapped themselves with. Alternate translation: “wrapped herself in her clothing so that people would not recognize her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là bà giấu mình trong quần áo để mọi người không nhận ra bà. Theo truyền thống, một phần quần áo của phụ nữ là những miếng vải lớn mà họ dùng để bọc mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Quấn mình trong quần áo để người ta không nhận ra mình """ +GEN 38 14 i1it 0 by the road “along the road” or “on the way” """ Dọc đường "" hay "" trên đường đi """ +GEN 38 14 ph6r figs-activepassive 0 she had not been given to him as a wife This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Judah had not given her to Shelah as a wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Giu - đa đã không gả nàng cho Sê - la """ +GEN 38 15 wl6g 0 When Judah saw her The word “her” here refers to Tamar, but your reader should understand that Judah did not know that the woman he was looking at was Tamar. "Từ "" nàng "" ở đây chỉ về Tha-ma, nhưng bạn đọc nên hiểu rằng Giu-đa không biết người phụ nữ mà ông đang nhìn là Tha-ma." +GEN 38 15 y8kx figs-explicit 0 because she had covered her face Judah did not think she was a prostitute just because her face was covered but also because she was sitting in the gate. Alternate translation: “because she had covered her head and sat where prostitutes often sat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Giu-đa không nghĩ bà là một gái điếm chỉ vì mặt bà bị che kín mà còn vì bà đang ngồi nơi cửa thành. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì bà che đầu và ngồi nơi gái điếm thường ngồi """ +GEN 38 16 i3uh figs-explicit 0 He went to her by the road Tamar was sitting by the road. Alternate translation: “He went to where she was sitting by the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Tamar đang ngồi bên vệ đường. Dịch lệ: "" Người đi đến nơi nàng đang ngồi bên đường """ +GEN 38 16 q479 0 Come, please “Come with me, please” or “Come now, please” """ Hãy đến với tôi, làm ơn "" hay "" Hãy đến bây giờ, làm ơn """ +GEN 38 17 rjw2 0 from the flock “from my flock of goats” """ Từ trong bầy dê """ +GEN 38 18 dv74 0 seal and cord…staff A “seal” is similar to a coin with a design engraved on it, used to imprint melted wax. The “cord” was put through the seal so the owner could wear it around his neck. A staff was long wooden stick that helped in walking over rough ground. "Một "" con dấu "" tương tự như một đồng tiền có khắc một hình khắc trên đó, dùng để đóng dấu sáp tan chảy. "" Dây "" được gắn vào con dấu để người chủ có thể đeo nó quanh cổ. Cây gậy là một cây gậy dài bằng gỗ giúp đi bộ trên nền đất gồ ghề." +GEN 38 18 tz55 figs-euphemism 0 he went in to her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Hắn có quan hệ tình dục với nàng """ +GEN 38 18 e1lh figs-activepassive 0 she became pregnant by him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he caused her to become pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Ngài làm cho nàng thọ thai """ +GEN 38 19 t44a 0 veil This was a very thin material used to cover a woman’s head and face. See how you translated these in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). Đây là loại vải rất mỏng dùng để che đầu và mặt phụ nữ. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những chữ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 14 ] . +GEN 38 19 df5s 0 clothing of her widowhood “clothing that widows wear.” See how you translated these in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). """ Áo xống của đờn bà góa. "" +Hãy xem cách dịch những câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 14 ] ." +GEN 38 20 ck76 translate-names 0 Adullamite a person who lives in the village of Adullam. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Một người sống ở làng A-đu-lam. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 1 ] . +GEN 38 20 c471 figs-activepassive 0 receive the pledge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “take back the pledge”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Dịch thay thế: "" Lấy lại của cầm """ +GEN 38 20 gj77 figs-synecdoche 0 from the woman’s hand Here “hand” emphasizes that they were in here possession. The woman’s hand refers to the woman. Alternate translation: “from the woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) """ Tay "" ở đây nhấn mạnh rằng họ đã từng ở đây. Tay người đàn bà ám chỉ người đàn bà. Một bản dịch khác: "" Từ người đàn bà """ +GEN 38 21 yd96 translate-names 0 Adullamite a person who lives in the village of Adullam. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:1](../38/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Một người sống ở làng A-đu-lam. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 1 ] . +GEN 38 21 f9j4 0 the men of the place “some of the men who lived there” """ Có mấy kẻ ở đó """ +GEN 38 21 wg3u 0 cultic prostitute “prostitute who serves in the temple” """ Kỵ - nữ hầu việc trong đền - thờ """ +GEN 38 21 tr6j translate-names 0 Enaim This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:14](../38/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một nơi. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 14 ] . +GEN 38 23 wmj7 figs-explicit 0 that we not be put to shame When people found out what had happened they would ridicule Judah and laugh at him. This can be made clear and stated in active form. Alternate translation: “or else people will laugh at us when they find out what happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Khi người ta biết được chuyện gì đã xảy ra, họ sẽ chế giễu Giu-đa và cười nhạo ông. Điều này có thể được làm rõ và nói rõ dưới hình thức tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nếu không người ta sẽ cười nhạo chúng ta khi họ biết được chuyện gì đã xảy ra """ +GEN 38 24 n17v writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 38 24 v2xa figs-activepassive 0 it was told to Judah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Có người nói với Giu - đa """ +GEN 38 24 ps9t 0 Tamar your daughter-in-law “Tamar, your oldest son’s wife” """ Tamar, vợ cả của con trai anh """ +GEN 38 24 cli3 figs-activepassive 0 she is pregnant by it Here the word “it” refers to the “prostitution” that she committed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it has made her pregnant” or “she is pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây từ ngữ "" nó "" ám chỉ "" sự gian dâm "" mà nàng đã phạm. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Nó đã làm cho nàng có thai "" hoặc "" Nàng đã có thai """ +GEN 38 24 gs86 0 Bring her here “Bring her out” """ Đem nó ra """ +GEN 38 24 u7ku figs-activepassive 0 let her be burned This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we will burn her to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Chúng ta sẽ thiêu nó đến chết """ +GEN 38 25 b976 figs-activepassive 0 When she was brought out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When they brought her out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Khi người ta đem nàng ra """ +GEN 38 25 h9p8 0 her father-in-law “her husband’s father” """ Cha chồng nàng """ +GEN 38 25 sd68 0 seal and cords and staff A “seal” is similar to a coin with a design engraved on it, used to make an impression in melted wax. The “cord” was put through the seal so the owner could wear it around his neck. A staff was long wooden stick that helped in walking over rough ground. See how you translated this in [Genesis 38:18](../38/18.md). "Một "" con dấu "" tương tự như một đồng xu có khắc một hình khắc trên đó, được dùng để tạo ấn tượng trong sáp nóng chảy. "" Dây "" được gắn vào con dấu để người chủ có thể đeo nó quanh cổ. Cây gậy là một cây gậy dài bằng gỗ giúp người ta bước đi trên nền đất gồ ghề. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 18 ] ." +GEN 38 26 r4f3 translate-names 0 Shelah This is the name of one of Judah’s sons. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 38:5](../38/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một trong các con trai của Giu-đa. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 5 ] . +GEN 38 26 fdr5 figs-euphemism 0 did not lie with her again This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “did not have sexual relations with her again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Không quan hệ tình dục với nàng nữa """ +GEN 38 27 i46v writing-newevent 0 It came about at the time This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 38 27 aqm9 0 behold The word “behold” alerts us to the surprise that Tamar was carrying twins, which was previously unknown. "Từ "" nầy "" báo động cho chúng ta biết sự ngạc nhiên khi Tha-ma đang mang một cặp song sinh, là điều trước đây chúng ta không biết." +GEN 38 28 p9yq 0 It came about as she was giving birth This phrase “It came about” marks an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. "Cụm từ "" nó đến chừng nào "" đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây." +GEN 38 28 xui1 0 one put out a hand “one of the babies put out his hand” """ Có một con trẻ giơ tay ra """ +GEN 38 28 l4m5 0 midwife This is a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child. See how you translated this in [Genesis 35:17](../35/17.md). Đây là một người giúp đỡ một phụ nữ khi bà ta đang sinh con. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch điều này [ Sáng - thế Ký 35: 17 ] . +GEN 38 28 qm8p 0 scarlet thread “bright red thread” """ Sợi chỉ đỏ tươi """ +GEN 38 28 hph2 0 on his hand “around his wrist” """ Vòng quanh cổ tay """ +GEN 38 29 ciu7 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 38 29 ra5t figs-explicit 0 How you have broken out! This shows the midwife’s surprise to seeing the second baby come out first. Alternate translation: “So this is how you break your way out first!” or “You have burst out first!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này cho thấy sự ngạc nhiên của bà đỡ khi thấy đứa trẻ thứ hai ra đời đầu tiên. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Vậy ra đây là cách bà thoát ra trước! "" +hoặc "" Bạn thoát ra trước! """ +GEN 38 29 n6hp figs-activepassive 0 he was named This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she named him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Nàng đặt tên cho nó """ +GEN 38 29 d8yk translate-names 0 Perez This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Perez means ‘breaking out.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của một cậu bé. Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên Phê - rết có nghĩa là "" thoát ra "" . """ +GEN 38 30 zzy9 translate-names 0 Zerah This is the name of a boy. Translators may add a footnote that says: “The name Zerah means ‘scarlet or bright red.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của một cậu bé. Các dịch giả có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên Xê - rách có nghĩa là ' đỏ sặm hoặc đỏ sặm ' . """ +GEN 39 intro a8n6 0 # Genesis 39 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. This is a sign of Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. He chose to do what was right, even when it could cause him harm. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) "Sáng thế ký 39 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +QUYỀN NĂNG CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Câu chuyện Giô-sép tập trung vào quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời có thể che chở dân Ngài bất kể một số hành động gian ác của họ. Ngài cũng có thể tiếp tục ban phước cho họ bất kể hoàn cảnh của họ. Đây là một dấu hiệu về sự thành tín giao ước của Đức Giê-hô-va. Tính cách của Giô-sép +Sáng thế ký chỉ ghi lại một khoảng thời gian tổ phụ và các anh của Giô-sép vật lộn với tội lỗi. Tính cách của Giô-sép trong chương này là ngay thẳng. Ông đã chọn làm điều đúng, ngay cả khi điều đó có thể gây hại cho ông." +GEN 39 1 e2vg figs-idiom 0 Joseph was brought down to Egypt Travelling to Egypt is always considered as going “down” in contrast to going “up” to the promised land. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Ishmaelites had taken Joseph to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Du lịch đến Ai Cập luôn được coi là đi "" xuống "" trái ngược với đi "" lên "" đến đất hứa. Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Người Ích - ma - ên đã đưa Giô - sép đến Ai Cập """ +GEN 39 2 f9fl figs-idiom 0 Yahweh was with Joseph This means that Yahweh helped Joseph and was always with him. Alternate translation: “Yahweh guided Joseph and helped him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Đức Giê-hô-va đã giúp đỡ Giô-sép và luôn ở cùng ông. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đã hướng dẫn Giô-sép và giúp đỡ ông """ +GEN 39 2 fn2m figs-metaphor 0 He lived in the house Here the author speaks of working in the master’s house as if it were living in the master’s house. Only the most trusted servants were permitted to work in their master’s house. AT : “he worked in the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Here the author speaks of worin the master ' s house as if it were living in the master ' s house. Only the most trust servants were alreceito work in their master ' s house. AT: "" Ông ấy làm việc trong nhà """ +GEN 39 2 j4w7 0 his Egyptian master Joseph was now Potiphar’s slave. Giô-sép giờ đây là nô lệ của Phô-ti-pha. +GEN 39 3 xvx7 figs-idiom 0 His master saw that Yahweh was with him This means that the master saw how Yahweh was helping Joseph. Alternate translation: “His master saw that Yahweh was helping him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là chủ thấy cách Đức Giê-hô-va đang giúp đỡ Giô-sép. Dịch lệ: "" Chủ thấy Đức Giê-hô-va vùa giúp ông """ +GEN 39 3 jq22 0 that Yahweh prospered everything that he did “Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper” """ Đức Giê-hô-va khiến cho mọi sự Giô-sép đã làm được được thạnh vượng """ +GEN 39 4 hd1r figs-idiom 0 Joseph found favor in his sight “To find favor” means to be approved by someone. The idiom “in his sight” refers to a person’s opinion. Possible meanings are (1) Alternate translation: “Potiphar was pleased with Joseph” or (2) Alternate translation: “Yahweh was pleased with Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Được ơn "" có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Thành ngữ "" trước mặt Ngài "" ám chỉ ý kiến của một người. Có thể có nghĩa là ( 1 ) dịch cách khác: "" Phô - ti - pha hài lòng về Giô - sép "" hoặc ( 2 ) dịch cách khác: "" Đức Giê - hô - va hài lòng về Giô - sép """ +GEN 39 4 wv9x 0 He served Potiphar This means that he was Potiphar’s personal servant. Điều này có nghĩa ông là tôi tớ riêng của Phô - ti - pha. +GEN 39 4 ld27 0 Potiphar made Joseph manager over his house, and everything that he possessed “Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to Potiphar” """ Phô-ti-pha giao cho Giô-sép cai quản nhà mình và mọi vật thuộc về Phô-ti-pha """ +GEN 39 4 t3u1 figs-metaphor 0 put under his care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “he had Joseph care for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Khi một điều gì đó được "" đặt dưới sự chăm sóc của ai đó "" , điều đó có nghĩa là người đó chịu trách nhiệm về sự chăm sóc và gìn giữ của mình. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Người nhờ Giô - sép chăm sóc """ +GEN 39 5 nr78 0 It came about from the time that he made him manager over his house and over everything he possessed, that Yahweh blessed the Egyptian’s house because of Joseph You may need to use the words “Joseph” and “the Egyptian” before using pronouns to refer to them. “The Egyptian made Joseph manager over his house and over everything he possessed, and it came about from the time that Yahweh blessed the Egyptian’s house because of Joseph” "Có thể bạn cần dùng những từ "" Giô-sép "" và "" người Ê-díp-tô "" trước khi dùng đại từ để nói đến họ. "" Người Ê - díp - tô lập Giô - sép làm quản - lý nhà mình và hết thảy Gia - tài mình; thì từ khi Đức Giê - hô - va ban phước cho nhà người """ +GEN 39 5 ys1h writing-background 0 It came about This phrase is used here to tell the reader that these two verses are background information for the next event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để nói với người đọc rằng hai câu này là thông tin nền tảng cho sự kiện tiếp theo. +GEN 39 5 vv9x 0 he made him manager over his house and over everything he possessed “Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to him” """ Phô - ti - pha đặt Giô - sép coi - sóc nhà cửa và hết thảy Gia - tài mình """ +GEN 39 5 f9hu 0 blessed Here “blessed” means to cause good and beneficial things to happen to the person or thing that is being blessed. "Ở đây "" được phước "" có nghĩa là làm cho những điều tốt lành, ích lợi xảy đến cho người hay vật đang được phước." +GEN 39 5 c9t1 figs-metaphor 0 The blessing of Yahweh was on Here the author speaks of the blessing that Yahweh gave as if it were a physical covering put over something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh blessed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Here the author speaks of the blessing that Yahweh gave as if it were a physical cover put over something. Alternative Translation: "" Yahweh blessed """ +GEN 39 5 d2m5 figs-explicit 0 everything that Potiphar had in the house and in the field This refers his household and his crops and livestock. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Potiphar’s household and all of his crops and livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Từ này nói đến gia đình, mùa màng và gia súc của ông. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Người nhà của Phô - ti - pha cùng mùa màng và gia súc của ông """ +GEN 39 6 cqj8 figs-metaphor 0 Potiphar put everything that he had under Joseph’s care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “So Potiphar put Joseph in charge of everything that he had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Khi một điều gì đó được "" đặt dưới sự chăm sóc của ai đó "" , điều đó có nghĩa là người đó chịu trách nhiệm về sự chăm sóc và gìn giữ của mình. Một bản khác dịch câu này: "" Vì thế Phô - ti - pha giao cho Giô - sép quản lý mọi thứ ông có """ +GEN 39 6 hx4p figs-explicit 0 He did not have to think about anything except the food that he ate "He did not have to worry about anything in his household; he only had to make decisions about what he wanted to eat. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Potiphar only had to think about what he wanted to eat. He did not have to worry about anything else in his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])" "Ông không phải lo lắng về bất cứ điều gì trong gia đình mình; ông chỉ phải đưa ra những quyết định về những gì ông muốn ăn. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Phô - ti - pha chỉ phải nghĩ về những gì ông muốn ăn. Ông không phải lo lắng về bất cứ điều gì khác trong nhà mình """ +GEN 39 6 ia1m writing-background 0 Now The word “now” marks a break in the story line as the author gives background information about Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" đánh dấu một chỗ ngắt trong dòng câu chuyện khi tác giả đưa ra những thông tin cơ bản về Giôsép." +GEN 39 6 wy9g figs-doublet 0 handsome and attractive Both of the words have same meaning. They refer to Joseph’s pleasing appearance. He was likely good-looking and strong. Alternate translation: “handsome and strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Cả hai từ đều có cùng một ý nghĩa. Chúng nói đến vẻ đẹp bề ngoài của Giô - sép. Rất có thể ông đẹp trai và mạnh mẽ. Một bản khác dịch là "" đẹp trai và mạnh mẽ """ +GEN 39 7 bu7c writing-newevent 0 It came about after this that “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Vậy đấy. "" +Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện mới." +GEN 39 7 x6db figs-euphemism 0 Lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa là: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với tôi """ +GEN 39 8 g7nr 0 Look “Listen.” Joseph uses this word to get Potiphar’s wife’s attention. """ Nghe này. "" +Giô-sép sử dụng từ nầy để thu hút sự chú ý của vợ Phô-ti-pha." +GEN 39 8 hl45 figs-doublenegatives 0 my master does not pay attention to what I do in the house “my master has no concern about his household with me in charge.” This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “my master trusts me with his household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) """ Chủ tôi không quan tâm đến việc trông nom nhà cửa cho tôi. "" +Điều này có thể được viết dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chủ tôi tin tưởng giao cho tôi việc nhà """ +GEN 39 8 v8lh figs-metaphor 0 he has put everything that he owns under my care When something is “put under someone’s care,” it means that the person is responsible for its care and safe-keeping. Alternate translation: “he has put me in charge of everything that belongs to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Khi một điều gì đó được "" đặt dưới sự chăm sóc của ai đó "" , điều đó có nghĩa là người đó chịu trách nhiệm về sự chăm sóc và gìn giữ của mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Người giao cho tôi coi sóc mọi thứ thuộc về người """ +GEN 39 9 xvi7 figs-metaphor 0 No one is greater in this house than I am Here the author speaks of authority as if it were greatness. Alternate translation: “I have more authority in this house than anyone else” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Here the author speaks of authority as if it were greatest. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Tôi có nhiều thẩm quyền trong nhà này hơn bất cứ ai khác """ +GEN 39 9 x4sd figs-litotes 0 He has not kept back anything from me but you This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “He has given me everything except you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Ngài đã ban cho tôi mọi thứ ngoại trừ anh em """ +GEN 39 9 gk4v figs-rquestion 0 How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God? Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I certainly cannot do such a wicked thing and sin against God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giô-sép sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh. Điều này có thể được viết như một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi không thể làm điều ác như thế và phạm tội cùng Đức Chúa Trời "" ." +GEN 39 10 vm2s figs-explicit 0 She spoke to Joseph day after day This means that she kept asking him to sleep with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “She kept on asking Joseph to sleep with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều nầy có nghĩa là nàng cứ xin Ngài ngủ với nàng. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Bà cứ xin Giô - sép ngủ với bà """ +GEN 39 10 f48l figs-euphemism 0 to lie with her This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa là: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với nàng """ +GEN 39 10 c1pu 0 to be with her “to be near her” """ Được ở gần nàng """ +GEN 39 11 fgn4 writing-newevent 0 It came about “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Vậy đấy. "" +Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện mới trong câu chuyện." +GEN 39 11 uf8u 0 None of the men of the house “None of the other men who worked in the house” """ Những kẻ khác chẳng từng làm việc trong nhà đó """ +GEN 39 12 x9k8 figs-euphemism 0 Lie with me This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Đây là một uyển ngữ. Dịch sát nghĩa là: "" Có quan hệ tình dục với tôi """ +GEN 39 12 i97q 0 fled, and went outside “and quickly ran outside” or “and quickly ran out of the house” """ Và nhanh chóng chạy ra ngoài "" hoặc "" và nhanh chóng chạy ra khỏi nhà """ +GEN 39 13 ix34 writing-newevent 0 It came about “Then” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) "Sau đó "" cụm từ "" việc đã đến "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu sự kiện tiếp theo trong câu chuyện." +GEN 39 13 ufa4 0 had fled outside “had quickly ran out of the house” """ Vừa ở trong nhà chạy ra """ +GEN 39 14 ikv6 0 the men of her house “the men who worked in her house” """ Những kẻ làm việc trong nhà người """ +GEN 39 14 tuv8 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” """ Nhìn "" hoặc "" lắng nghe "" hoặc "" chú ý đến những gì tôi sắp nói với bạn "" ." +GEN 39 14 k9h6 figs-euphemism 0 He came in to me to lie with me Here Potiphar’s wife is accusing Joseph of trying to seize her and have sexual relations with her. “He came into my room to have sexual relations with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ở đây vợ Phô - ti - pha đang tố cáo Giô - sép tìm cách bắt nàng và ăn nằm với nàng. "" Chàng vào phòng tôi đặng ăn - ở cùng tôi """ +GEN 39 15 n1kg writing-newevent 0 It came about when he heard me scream, that he “When he heard me scream, he.” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Khi hắn nghe thấy tôi hét, hắn. "" +Cụm từ "" nó đến chừng nào "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu sự kiện kế tiếp trong câu chuyện." +GEN 39 16 ma4z 0 his master “Joseph’s master.” This refers to Potiphar. """ Chủ của Giô-sép. "" +Điều này ám chỉ đến Phô-ti-pha." +GEN 39 17 xu1x 0 She told him this explanation “She explained it like this” """ Cô ấy giải thích nó như thế này """ +GEN 39 17 qu1q figs-exclusive 0 brought to us The word “us” refers to Potiphar, his wife, and includes the rest of the household. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Từ "" chúng ta "" ám chỉ đến Phô - ti - pha, vợ ông, và những người còn lại trong gia đình." +GEN 39 17 s2dj figs-euphemism 0 came in to mock me “came in to make a fool of me.” Here, the word “mock” is a euphemism for “to seize and to sleep with.” Alternate translation: “came into where I was and tried to force me to sleep with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) """ Đến đây để biến tôi thành trò hề. "" +Ở đây, từ "" chế nhạo "" là một uyển ngữ cho "" chiếm đoạt và ngủ cùng. "" +Một cách dịch khác là: "" Đến nơi tôi ở và cố ép tôi ngủ với anh ấy """ +GEN 39 18 u1cu writing-newevent 0 It came about that “Then.” Potiphar’s wife uses this phrase to mark the next event in the account she is telling him about Joseph trying to sleep with her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Vậy thì. "" +Vợ của Phô-ti-pha sử dụng cụm từ này để đánh dấu sự kiện kế tiếp trong câu chuyện bà đang nói với ông về việc Giô-sép tìm cách ngủ với bà." +GEN 39 18 r27a 0 fled outside “ran quickly out of the house” """ Chạy mau ra khỏi nhà """ +GEN 39 19 z9ib writing-newevent 0 It came about that “And so.” This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Vậy đấy. "" +Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện mới trong câu chuyện." +GEN 39 19 nr6k figs-explicit 0 his master “Joseph’s master.” This refers to Potiphar. This information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Joseph’s master, Potiphar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) """ Chủ của Giô-sép. "" +Điều này ám chỉ đến Phô-ti-pha. Thông tin này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chủ của Giô - sép là Phô - ti - pha """ +GEN 39 19 clp9 0 heard the explanation his wife told him “heard his wife explain to him.” The word “his” and “him” here refer to Potiphar. """ Nghe vợ anh ta giải thích. "" +Chữ "" ngài "" và "" ngài "" ở đây ám chỉ đến Phô - ti - pha." +GEN 39 19 wt6m 0 he became very angry “Potiphar became very angry” """ Phô - ti - pha giận lắm """ +GEN 39 20 w9a8 figs-activepassive 0 the place where the king’s prisoners were confined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the place where the king put his prisoners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Nơi mà vua giam tù nhân """ +GEN 39 20 w9ky 0 He was there “Joseph stayed there” """ Giô-sép ở lại đó """ +GEN 39 21 j7f2 figs-idiom 0 But Yahweh was with Joseph This refers to how Yahweh took care of Joseph and was kind to him. Alternate translation: “But Yahweh was kind to Joseph” or “But Yahweh took care of Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này đề cập đến cách Đức Giê-hô-va đã chăm sóc Giô-sép và đối đãi tử tế với ông. Dịch cách khác: "" Nhưng Đức Giê-hô-va đối đãi tử tế với Giô-sép "" hoặc "" Nhưng Đức Giê-hô-va chăm sóc Giô-sép """ +GEN 39 21 s8kg figs-abstractnouns 0 showed covenant faithfulness to him The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “was faithful to his covenant with him” or “faithfully loved him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự trung tín "" có thể được gọi là "" sự trung tín "" hoặc "" sự trung tín "" . Dịch cách khác: "" Trung tín với giao ước của Ngài với người "" hoặc "" trung tín yêu mến Ngài """ +GEN 39 21 wd2i figs-idiom 0 He gave him favor in the sight of the prison warden This means Yahweh caused the prison warden to approve of Joseph and to treat him well. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the prison warden to be pleased with Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Đức Giê-hô-va đã khiến người cai ngục tán thành Giô-sép và đối xử tốt với ông. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va đã làm cho cai ngục vui lòng với Giô-sép """ +GEN 39 21 y3zt 0 the prison warden “the prison manager” or “the man in charge of the prison” """ Quản ngục "" hay "" người quản lý nhà tù """ +GEN 39 22 wbf9 figs-metaphor 0 gave into Joseph’s hand Here “hand” represents Joseph’s power or trust. Alternate translation: “put Joseph in charge of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" tiêu biểu cho quyền lực hay sự tin cậy của Giôsép. Một bản khác dịch là "" giao cho Giô - sép """ +GEN 39 22 ma4g 0 Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it “Joseph was in charge of everything they did there” """ Giô - sép Cai - trị mọi việc họ đã làm """ +GEN 39 23 j1y2 figs-idiom 0 because Yahweh was with him This refers to how Yahweh helped Joseph and guided him. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh guided Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này nói đến cách Đức Giê-hô-va giúp đỡ Giô-sép và hướng dẫn ông. Dịch cách khác: "" Vì Đức Giê-hô-va hướng dẫn Giô-sép """ +GEN 39 23 kpn2 0 Whatever he did, Yahweh prospered “Yahweh caused everything that Joseph did to prosper” """ Đức Giê-hô-va khiến cho mọi sự Giô-sép đã làm được được thạnh vượng """ +GEN 40 intro ef8h 0 # Genesis 40 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Interpretation of dreams
The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) "Sáng thế ký 40 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +QUYỀN NĂNG CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Câu chuyện Giô-sép tập trung vào quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời có thể che chở dân Ngài bất kể một số hành động gian ác của họ. Ngài cũng có thể tiếp tục ban phước cho họ bất kể hoàn cảnh của họ. GIẢI THÍCH GIẤC MƠ +Giải nghĩa giấc mơ rất quan trọng ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại. Người ta chỉ có thể thấy giấc mơ qua quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Giê-hô-va ban cho Giô-sép quyền năng để giải nghĩa các giấc mơ hầu đem lại vinh hiển cho chính mình và bảo vệ Giô-sép cùng dân tộc Hê-bơ-rơ." +GEN 40 1 nwl6 writing-newevent 0 It came about that This phrase is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện mới trong câu chuyện. +GEN 40 1 bab1 0 the cupbearer This is the person who brought drinks to the king. Đây là người đã đem đồ uống đến cho vua. +GEN 40 1 i7i3 0 king’s baker This is the person who made food for the king. Đây là người làm đồ ăn cho vua. +GEN 40 1 kuf4 0 offended their master “upset their master” """ Chọc giận chủ mình """ +GEN 40 2 ch6u 0 the chief of the cupbearers and the chief of the bakers “the leading cupbearer and the leading baker” """ Quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện """ +GEN 40 3 xu5i 0 He put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guard “He put them in the prison that was in the house that was overseen by the captain of the guard” """ Chủ ngục bỏ vào ngục, tại nhà người quản ngục "" ." +GEN 40 3 ba8g figs-metonymy 0 He put them The king did not put them in prison but rather he commanded for them to be imprisoned. Alternate translation: “He had them put” or “He commanded his guard to put” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Vua không bắt giam họ, nhưng ra lệnh bỏ tù họ. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Vua cho đặt họ "" hoặc "" Vua ra lệnh cho lính canh "" ." +GEN 40 3 r4uj figs-activepassive 0 in the same prison where Joseph was confined This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This was the same prison that Joseph was in” or “This was the same prison Potiphar put Joseph in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đây là cùng một nhà tù mà Giô - sép đã ở "" hoặc "" đây là cùng một nhà tù mà Phô - ti - pha đã bỏ tù Giô - sép """ +GEN 40 4 zrd7 0 They remained in custody for some time “They remained in prison for a long time” """ Họ ở tù lâu ngày """ +GEN 40 6 a1d1 0 Joseph came to them “Joseph came to the cupbearer and the baker” """ Giô - sép đến cùng quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện """ +GEN 40 6 yub6 figs-explicit 0 Behold, they were sad The word “behold” here shows that Joseph was surprised by what he saw. Alternate translation: “He was surprised to see that they were sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Từ ngữ "" nầy "" ở đây cho thấy rằng Giôsép đã ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông đã nhìn thấy. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Ông ngạc nhiên khi thấy họ buồn bã "" ." +GEN 40 7 lc9x 0 Pharaoh’s officials who were with him This refers to the cupbearer and the baker. Điều này ám chỉ quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện. +GEN 40 7 q9qf 0 in custody in his master’s house “In prison in him master’s house.” “His master” refers to Joseph’s master, the captain of the guard. """ Ở tù trong nhà của chủ nhân. "" +"" Chủ mình "" nói đến chủ của Giô-sép, quan thị vệ." +GEN 40 8 fin5 figs-rquestion 0 Do not interpretations belong to God? Joseph uses a question for emphasis. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Interpretations belong to God!” or “It is God who can tell the meaning of dreams!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giô-sép sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh. Điều này có thể được viết như một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác: "" Những sự giải nghĩa thuộc về Đức Chúa Trời! "" +hoặc "" Chính Đức Chúa Trời là Đấng có thể cho biết ý nghĩa của những giấc mơ! """ +GEN 40 8 va6r figs-ellipsis 0 Tell me, please Joseph asks for them to tell him their dreams. Alternate translation: “Tell me the dreams, please” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Giô-sép yêu cầu họ kể cho ông nghe những giấc mơ của họ. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Xin kể cho tôi nghe những giấc mơ """ +GEN 40 9 srp7 0 The chief of the cupbearers The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Người quan trọng nhất đem đồ uống đến cho nhà vua. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 40 9 w5j9 0 In my dream, behold, a vine was in front of me “In my dream, I saw a vine in front of me!” The cupbearer uses word “behold” here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. """ Trong giấc chiêm bao tôi thấy một cây nho ở trước mặt tôi! "" +Quan tửu chánh dùng chữ "" kìa "" ở đây để tỏ ra rằng ông ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông thấy trong giấc chiêm bao và để cảnh báo Giôsép hãy chú ý." +GEN 40 10 ehe4 0 the clusters of grapes ripened “its clusters ripened into grapes” """ Chùm nho nó đã chín thành trái nho """ +GEN 40 11 dy72 figs-explicit 0 squeezed them This means that he squeezed the juice out of them. Alternate translation: “squeezed the juice from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là Ngài vắt hết nước ra khỏi họ. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Vắt hết nước của họ """ +GEN 40 12 xg18 0 This is the interpretation of it “Here is what the dream means” """ Đây là ý nghĩa của giấc mơ """ +GEN 40 12 v4nl 0 The three branches are three days “The three branches represent three days” """ Ba nhánh tượng trưng cho ba ngày """ +GEN 40 13 v3j1 0 Within three days “In three more days” """ Còn ba ngày nữa """ +GEN 40 13 ra1m figs-metaphor 0 will lift up your head Here Joseph speaks of Pharaoh releasing the cupbearer from prison as if Pharaoh were causing him to lift up his head. Alternate translation: “will release you from prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây Giô - sép nói về việc Pha - ra - ôn thả quan tửu chánh ra khỏi tù, như thể Pha - ra - ôn khiến ông ngẩng đầu lên. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sẽ thả các ngươi ra khỏi tù """ +GEN 40 13 x76t 0 restore you to your office “will give you back your job” """ Sẽ giao việc lại cho các ngươi """ +GEN 40 13 jxm9 0 just as when “just as you did when” """ Cũng như anh đã làm khi … """ +GEN 40 14 vhy3 0 please show kindness to me “please be kind to me” """ Xin hãy thương - xót tôi """ +GEN 40 14 ril5 figs-explicit 0 Mention me to Pharaoh and bring me out of this prison Joseph means for the cupbearer to tell Pharaoh about him so that Pharaoh will release him from prison. Alternate translation: “Help me get out of this prison by telling Pharaoh about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Giô - sép muốn quan tửu chánh nói cho Pha - ra - ôn biết về chàng để vua thả chàng ra khỏi ngục. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Hãy giúp tôi thoát khỏi ngục tù này bằng cách kể cho Pha - ra - ôn nghe về tôi """ +GEN 40 15 h47u figs-activepassive 0 For indeed I was abducted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For indeed people took me” or “For indeed the Ishmaelites took me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Vì người ta đã bắt tôi "" hoặc "" Vì người Ishmaelites đã bắt tôi """ +GEN 40 15 eec8 0 the land of the Hebrews “the land where the Hebrew people live” """ Xứ mà người Hê - bơ - rơ ở """ +GEN 40 15 ael9 0 Here also have I done nothing that they should put me in this dungeon “and also while I have been here in Egypt, I have done nothing for which I deserved to be put in prison” """ Còn ta, khi ở xứ Ê-díp-tô nầy, chẳng có làm điều chi đáng bị bỏ tù """ +GEN 40 16 b5rq 0 the chief of the bakers This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Điều này ám chỉ người đứng đầu làm đồ ăn cho vua. Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 40 16 g1t1 0 I also had a dream, and “I also had a dream, and in my dream,” """ Tôi cũng có một giấc mơ, và trong giấc mơ của tôi, """ +GEN 40 16 z4gg 0 behold, three baskets of bread were on my head “there were three baskets of bread on my head!” The baker uses word “behold” here to show that he was surprised by what he saw in his dream and to alert Joseph to pay attention. """ Có ba giỏ bánh mì trên đầu tôi! "" +Người thợ bánh sử dụng từ "" kìa "" ở đây để tỏ ra rằng ông ta ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông ta thấy trong giấc mơ của mình và để cảnh cáo Giô-sép phải chú ý." +GEN 40 17 ya56 0 baked goods for Pharaoh “baked foods for Pharaoh” """ Lương thực nướng cho Pha-ra-ôn """ +GEN 40 18 xb3a 0 This is the interpretation “Here is what the dream means” """ Đây là ý nghĩa của giấc mơ """ +GEN 40 18 g2ud 0 The three baskets are three days “The three baskets represent three days” """ Ba giỏ đầy ba ngày """ +GEN 40 19 r5pe 0 will lift up your head from you Joseph also used the phrase “will lift up your head” when he spoke to the cupbearer in [Genesis 40:13](../40/13.md). Here it has a different meaning. Possible meanings are (1) “will lift up your head to put a rope around your neck” or (2) “will lift up your head to cut it off.” "Giô - sép cũng dùng cụm từ "" sẽ ngước đầu lên "" khi nói với quan dâng rượu trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 13 ] . Ở đây nó có một ý nghĩa khác. Có thể có nghĩa là ( 1 ) "" sẽ ngước đầu lên để tròng dây vào cổ "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" sẽ ngẩng đầu lên để chặt "" ." +GEN 40 19 wcp5 0 flesh Here “flesh” literally means the soft tissue on a person’s body. "Ở đây "" xác thịt "" theo nghĩa đen có nghĩa là mô mềm trên thân thể của một người." +GEN 40 20 va7b writing-newevent 0 It came about on the third day that “Afterward, on the third day.” The phrase “it came about” is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) """ Sau đó, vào ngày thứ Ba. "" +Cụm từ "" việc đã xảy ra "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện mới trong câu chuyện." +GEN 40 20 dfq1 0 He made a feast “He had a feast” """ Ngài ăn một bữa tiệc """ +GEN 40 20 s2fj 0 the chief of the cupbearers This was the leading person who prepared and served drinks to the king. See how these were translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Đây là người đứng đầu đã chuẩn bị và phục vụ đồ uống cho nhà vua. Hãy xem những điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 40 20 j63e 0 the chief of the bakers This refers to the leading person who made food for the king. See how this was translated in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Điều này ám chỉ người đứng đầu làm đồ ăn cho vua. Hãy xem điều này được dịch như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 40 21 i37q figs-metonymy 0 He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibility The chief of the cupbearer’s “responsibility” refers to his job as chief of the cupbearers. Alternate translation: “He gave the chief of the cupbearers his job back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Trách nhiệm "" của quan tửu chánh ám chỉ đến công việc của ông với tư cách là quan tửu chánh. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ông giao lại công việc cho quan tửu chánh """ +GEN 40 22 iet6 figs-metonymy 0 But he hanged the chief of the bakers Pharaoh did not personally hang the baker, rather he commanded for him to be hanged. Alternate translation: “But he commanded for the chief of the bakers to be hanged” or “But he commanded his guards to hang the chief of the bakers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Pha-ra-ôn không đích thân treo cổ quan thượng thiện, đúng hơn là ông ta ra lệnh treo cổ quan ấy. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Nhưng ông ra lệnh treo cổ quan thượng thiện "" hoặc "" nhưng ông ra lệnh cho lính canh treo cổ quan thượng thiện "" ." +GEN 40 22 hh6d figs-explicit 0 just as Joseph had interpreted to them This refers to when Joseph interpreted their dreams. Alternate translation: “just as Joseph had said would happen when he interpreted the two men’s dreams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này ám chỉ khi Giô-sép giải nghĩa giấc mơ của họ. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Y như Giô-sép đã nói sẽ xảy ra khi ông giải nghĩa những giấc mơ của hai người "" ." +GEN 41 intro h6hd 0 # Genesis 41 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Interpretation of dreams
The interpretation of dreams was important in the ancient Near East. It was seen as possible only through divine power. Yahweh gave Joseph the power to interpret dreams in order to bring himself glory and to protect Joseph and the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]l, [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) "Sáng thế ký 41 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +QUYỀN NĂNG CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Câu chuyện Giô-sép tập trung vào quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời có thể che chở dân Ngài bất kể một số hành động gian ác của họ. Ngài cũng có thể tiếp tục ban phước cho họ bất kể hoàn cảnh của họ. GIẢI THÍCH GIẤC MƠ +Giải nghĩa giấc mơ rất quan trọng ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại. Người ta chỉ có thể thấy giấc mơ qua quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Giê-hô-va ban cho Giô-sép quyền năng để giải nghĩa các giấc mơ hầu đem lại vinh hiển cho chính mình và bảo vệ Giô-sép cùng dân tộc Hê-bơ-rơ. Tính cách của Giô-sép +Sáng thế ký chỉ ghi lại một khoảng thời gian mà tổ phụ và các anh của Giô-sép vật lộn với tội lỗi. Tính cách của Giô-sép trong chương này là ngay thẳng. Nó đã giành được sự ưu ái lớn lao trong mắt Pha-ra-ôn và giúp giải cứu dân sự ông." +GEN 41 1 tw22 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 41 1 y4mv 0 at the end of two full years Two years passed after Joseph correctly interpreted the dreams of Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker, who had been in prison with Joseph. Hai năm trôi qua sau khi Giô - sép giải nghĩa đúng giấc mơ của quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện của Pha - ra - ôn, những người đã ở tù với Giô - sép. +GEN 41 1 l2v3 0 Behold, he stood The word “behold” here marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “He was surprised because he was standing” "Từ "" nầy "" ở đây đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một sự kiện khác trong câu chuyện lớn hơn. Ngôn ngữ của bạn có thể có cách để làm điều này. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Ông ta ngạc nhiên vì mình đang đứng """ +GEN 41 1 d55g 0 he stood “Pharaoh was standing” """ Pha - ra - ôn đứng """ +GEN 41 2 n2rr 0 desirable and fat “healthy and fat” """ Khỏe mạnh và béo tốt """ +GEN 41 2 ka4y 0 grazed in the reeds “were eating the grass along the side of the river” """ Ăn cỏ dọc theo mé sông """ +GEN 41 2 g7bg 0 reeds tall, thin grasses that grow in wet areas Cỏ cao, mỏng mọc ở những vùng ẩm ướt +GEN 41 3 jk79 0 Behold, seven other cows The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was again surprised by what he saw. "Từ "" kìa "" ở đây cho thấy Pha-ra-ôn một lần nữa ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông ta nhìn thấy." +GEN 41 3 jmx4 0 undesirable and thin “sick and thin” """ Ốm và gầy """ +GEN 41 3 c414 0 bank of the river “beside the river” or “riverside.” This is the higher ground along the edge of a river. """ Dọc bờ sông "" hay "" bờ sông "" . Đây là vùng đất cao hơn dọc theo bờ sông." +GEN 41 4 k1gu 0 undesirable and thin “weak and skinny.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). """ Yếu đuối và gầy gò. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 41: 3 ] ." +GEN 41 4 hp6k 0 desirable and fat “healthy and well-fed.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). """ Khỏe mạnh và no đủ. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 2 ] ." +GEN 41 4 we5y 0 woke up “awakened” """ Tỉnh thức """ +GEN 41 5 c4an translate-ordinal 0 a second time The word “second” is an ordinal number. Alternate translation: “again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) "Chữ "" thứ nhì "" là số thứ tự. Bản diễn ý dịch là "" một lần nữa """ +GEN 41 5 ua5x 0 Behold, seven heads The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây cho thấy Pha-ra-ôn đã ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông nhìn thấy." +GEN 41 5 h4g3 0 heads of grain The heads are parts of the corn plant on which the seeds grow. Đầu ngô là một phần của cây ngô nơi hạt nảy mầm. +GEN 41 5 cd5d 0 came up on one stalk “grew up on one stem.” The stalk is the thick or tall part of a plant. """ Lớn lên trên một thân cây. "" +Thân cây là phần dày hoặc cao của một cái cây." +GEN 41 5 g3qk 0 on one stalk, wholesome and good “on one stock and they were healthy and beautiful” """ Trên một cổ phiếu và họ đã khỏe mạnh và đẹp đẽ """ +GEN 41 6 v7ey figs-activepassive 0 thin and scorched by the east wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that were thin and burned because of the hot wind from the east” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nó mỏng và cháy vì gió nóng từ phương Đông """ +GEN 41 6 s21b 0 the east wind Wind from the east blew in from the desert. The heat of the east wind was often very destructive. Gió đông từ sa mạc thổi tới. Sức nóng của gió đông thường rất tai hại. +GEN 41 6 tvj9 0 sprouted up “grew up” or “developed” """ Lớn lên "" hay "" phát triển """ +GEN 41 7 r9xp figs-ellipsis 0 The thin heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “The thin heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những từ "" ngũ cốc "" được hiểu. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" những bông lúa lép """ +GEN 41 7 v2mi 0 swallowed up “ate.” Pharaoh is dreaming that unhealthy corn could eat healthy corn just like a person eats food. """ Ăn. "" +Pha-ra-ôn đang mơ rằng bắp không lành mạnh có thể ăn bắp lành mạnh giống như một người ăn thức ăn." +GEN 41 7 uar4 0 wholesome and full heads “healthy and good heads.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:5](../41/05.md). """ Đầu óc khỏe mạnh và minh mẫn. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch một cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 5 ] ." +GEN 41 7 e7u2 0 woke up “awakened” """ Tỉnh thức """ +GEN 41 7 s4lc 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he had seen. "Từ "" kìa "" ở đây cho thấy Pha-ra-ôn đã ngạc nhiên bởi những gì ông ta đã thấy." +GEN 41 7 eke4 0 it was a dream “he had been dreaming” """ Nó nằm chiêm - bao """ +GEN 41 8 x955 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 41 8 b73z figs-synecdoche 0 his spirit was troubled Here the word “spirit” refers to his inner being or his emotions. Alternate translation: “he was troubled in his inner being” or “he was troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây, từ "" tâm linh "" đề cập đến con người bên trong hoặc cảm xúc của anh ta. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Con người bề trong bối rối "" hoặc "" Con người bề trong bối rối """ +GEN 41 8 na7t figs-ellipsis 0 He sent and called It is understood that he sent servants. Alternate translation: “He sent his servants to call” or “He sent his servants to summon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Người ta hiểu rằng Ngài đã sai đầy tớ. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Ngài sai đầy tớ Ngài đi gọi "" hoặc "" Ngài sai đầy tớ Ngài đi triệu tập """ +GEN 41 8 jy8h 0 all the magicians and wise men of Egypt Ancient kings and rulers used magicians and wise men as advisers. Các vua chúa xưa dùng các pháp sư và nhà thông thái làm cố vấn. +GEN 41 9 e1hz 0 chief cupbearer The most important person who brings drinks to the king. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Người quan trọng nhất đem đồ uống đến cho nhà vua. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 41 9 wmd3 0 Today I am thinking about my offenses The word “Today” is used for emphasis. His “offenses” are that he should have told Pharaoh something much earlier but he did not. Alternate translation: “I just realized that I forgot to tell you something” "Từ "" ngày nay "" được dùng để nhấn mạnh. "" Sự xúc phạm "" của ông là điều lẽ ra ông phải nói với Pha-ra-ôn sớm hơn nhiều nhưng ông đã không nói. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi vừa nhận ra là tôi quên nói với ông một điều """ +GEN 41 10 a77g figs-123person 0 Pharaoh was angry The cupbearer is referring to Pharaoh in third person. This is a common way for someone with less power to speak to someone with greater power. Alternate translation: “You, Pharaoh, were angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Quan tửu chánh đang đề cập đến Pha-ra-ôn trong ngôi thứ ba. Đây là cách thông thường để một người không có nhiều quyền lực nói chuyện với một người có nhiều quyền lực hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Bệ hạ, bệ hạ đã nổi giận """ +GEN 41 10 yn3r figs-123person 0 with his servants Here “his” refers to Pharaoh. Here “servants” refers to the cupbearer and the chief baker. Alternate translation: “with us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" của Ngài "" ám chỉ Pha-ra-ôn. Ở đây "" các đầy tớ "" ám chỉ quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện. Một bản khác dịch câu này là "" Với chúng tôi là tôi - tớ Ngài """ +GEN 41 10 e32b 0 put me in custody in the house of the captain of the guard, the chief baker and me “put the chief baker and me in the prison where the captain of the guard was in charge.” Here “house” refers to the prison. """ Tống thằng Trùm Baker và tao vào nhà tù, nơi đội trưởng đội lính gác chịu trách nhiệm. "" +Ở đây "" nhà "" ám chỉ nhà tù." +GEN 41 10 iz6m 0 the captain of the guard The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:3](../40/03.md). Người lính chỉ huy đội cận vệ hoàng gia. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 3 ] . +GEN 41 10 jp2m 0 the chief baker The most important person who made food for the king. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 40:2](../40/02.md). Người quan trọng nhất làm lương thực cho nhà vua. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 2 ] . +GEN 41 11 f7vz 0 We dreamed a dream the same night, he and I “One night we both had dreams” """ Một đêm nọ, cả hai chúng tôi cùng nằm mơ """ +GEN 41 11 uy9u figs-exclusive 0 We dreamed Here “We” refers to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng tôi "" chỉ về quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện." +GEN 41 11 ku89 0 We dreamed each man according to the interpretation of his dream “Our dreams had different meanings” """ Giấc mơ của chúng tôi có ý nghĩa khác nhau """ +GEN 41 12 g7p9 0 General Information: The chief cupbearer continues to speak to Pharaoh. Quan tửu chánh tiếp tục nói với Pha-ra-ôn. +GEN 41 12 zu8t 0 There was with us there “In prison there was with the chief baker and me” """ Trong ngục tối có Baker và tôi """ +GEN 41 12 cjy9 0 the captain of the guard The soldier in charge of the royal guards. See how you translated this in [Genesis 40:3](../40/03.md). Người lính chỉ huy đội cận vệ hoàng gia. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 40: 3 ] . +GEN 41 12 lrw5 0 We told him and he interpreted for us our dreams “We told him our dreams and he explained their meanings to us” """ Chúng tôi kể cho người nghe giấc mơ của mình và người giải thích ý nghĩa cho chúng tôi """ +GEN 41 12 t5dz figs-123person 0 He interpreted for each of us according to his dream Here “his” refers to the cupbearer and baker individually, not to the one interpreting the dream. Alternate translation: “He explained what was going to happen to both of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" của ngài "" nói đến quan tửu chánh và quan thượng thiện, chứ không nói đến người giải nghĩa giấc mơ. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ngài giải thích điều sẽ xảy ra cho cả hai chúng ta "" ." +GEN 41 13 p1s7 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 41 13 zhk8 0 as he interpreted for us, so it happened “what he explained about the dreams is what later happened” """ Những gì ông giải thích về những giấc mơ là những gì đã xảy ra sau đó """ +GEN 41 13 fv56 figs-123person 0 Pharaoh restored me to my post Here the cupbearer uses Pharaoh’s title in speaking to him as a way of honoring him. Alternate translation: “You allowed me to return to my job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây quan tửu chánh sử dụng tước hiệu của Pha-ra-ôn khi nói chuyện với ông như một cách để tôn vinh ông. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Chúa cho phép tôi trở lại làm việc """ +GEN 41 13 w4yi 0 the other one “the chief baker” """ Chánh án Baker """ +GEN 41 13 fxy2 figs-123person 0 he hanged Here “he” refers to Pharaoh. And, it stands for the soldiers that Pharaoh commanded to hang the chief baker. Alternate translation: “you ordered your soldiers to hang” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" ông "" ám chỉ Pha-ra-ôn. Và, nó đại diện cho những binh lính mà Pha-ra-ôn đã ra lệnh treo cổ quan thượng thiện. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Các ngươi ra lệnh treo cổ quân lính """ +GEN 41 14 m2th figs-ellipsis 0 Pharaoh sent and called for It is understood that Pharaoh sent servants. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh sent his servants to get Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Người ta hiểu rằng Pha-ra-ôn đã sai các quần thần đến. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Pha - ra - ôn sai quần thần đi bắt Giô - sép """ +GEN 41 14 l2yw 0 out of the dungeon “out of the jail” or “out of the prison” """ Ra khỏi tù "" hay "" ra khỏi tù """ +GEN 41 14 gm9k 0 He shaved himself It was common practice to shave both the facial and head hair when preparing to go before Pharaoh. Người ta thường cạo cả đầu lẫn mặt khi chuẩn bị ra mắt Pha - ra - ôn. +GEN 41 14 hi7k figs-go 0 came in to Pharaoh Here “came” can be stated as “went.” Alternate translation: “went before Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ở đây từ "" đến "" có thể phát biểu là "" đi "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Đi trước Pha-ra-ôn """ +GEN 41 15 ye9x 0 there is no interpreter for it “no one can explain the meaning” """ Không ai có thể giải thích được ý nghĩa """ +GEN 41 15 gl3z 0 you can interpret it “you can explain its meaning” """ Bạn có thể giải thích ý nghĩa của nó """ +GEN 41 16 fy4i 0 It is not in me “I am not the one who can explain the meaning” """ Tôi không phải là người có thể giải thích ý nghĩa """ +GEN 41 16 sva8 0 God will answer Pharaoh with favor “God will answer Pharaoh favorably” """ Đức Chúa Trời sẽ đáp lời """ +GEN 41 17 m7d9 0 behold, I stood Pharaoh uses the word “behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. "Pha-ra-ôn dùng từ "" nầy "" để khiến Giô-sép chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên." +GEN 41 17 arm4 0 bank of the Nile This is the higher ground along the edge of the Nile River. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). Alternate translation: “beside the Nile” "Đây là vùng đất cao hơn dọc theo bờ sông Nile. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 3 ] . Bản dịch khác: "" Bên cạnh sông Ni - lơ """ +GEN 41 18 j94b 0 Behold, seven cows Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. "Pha-ra-ôn dùng từ "" nầy "" để khiến Giô-sép chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên." +GEN 41 18 q5si 0 fat and desirable “well-fed and healthy.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). """ No đủ và khỏe mạnh. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 2 ] ." +GEN 41 18 ppr3 0 grazed among the reeds “were eating the grass along the side of the river.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). """ Đang gặm cỏ bên bờ sông. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 2 ] ." +GEN 41 19 m34x 0 Behold, seven other cows Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. "Pha-ra-ôn dùng từ "" nầy "" để khiến Giô-sép chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên." +GEN 41 19 hdi9 0 undesirable, and thin “weak, and skinny.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). """ Yếu đuối, và gầy gò. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ nầy trong [ Sáng thế ký 41: 3 ] ." +GEN 41 19 ls2h figs-abstractnouns 0 such undesirableness The abstract noun “undesirableness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “such ugly cows” or “such worthless looking cows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự chẳng đẹp lòng "" có thể được dịch bằng một tính từ. Dịch cách khác: "" Những con bò xấu xí "" hoặc "" Những con bò xấu xí """ +GEN 41 20 hr6a 0 fat cows “well-fed cows.” See how you translated this phrase in [Genesis 41:2](../41/02.md). """ Bò được cho ăn no nê. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 2 ] ." +GEN 41 21 svd9 figs-activepassive 0 it could not be known that they had eaten them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one would have been able to tell that the thin cows had eaten the fat cows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Không ai có thể nói rằng những con bò gầy đã ăn những con bò mập """ +GEN 41 22 jga7 0 General Information: Pharaoh continues telling Joseph his dreams. Pha-ra-ôn tiếp tục kể cho Giô-sép nghe những giấc chiêm bao của mình. +GEN 41 22 kz2w figs-explicit 0 I looked in my dream This begins Pharaoh’s next dream after he woke up and went back to sleep. Alternate translation: “Then I dreamed again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này bắt đầu giấc chiêm bao kế tiếp của Pha-ra-ôn sau khi ông ta thức dậy và đi ngủ lại. Một bản khác dịch: "" Rồi tôi lại nằm chiêm bao """ +GEN 41 22 pj1p 0 behold, seven heads Pharaoh uses the word “Behold” to make Joseph pay attention to surprising information. "Pha-ra-ôn dùng từ "" nầy "" để khiến Giô-sép chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên." +GEN 41 22 rt6d figs-ellipsis 0 seven heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “seven heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những từ "" ngũ cốc "" được hiểu. Một bản khác dịch là "" bảy gié lúa """ +GEN 41 22 p2uk 0 came up upon one stalk “grew up on one stem.” The stalk is the thick or tall part of a plant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:5](../41/05.md). """ Lớn lên trên một thân cây. "" +Thân cây là phần dày hoặc cao của một cái cây. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 5 ] ." +GEN 41 23 sy8n 0 withered dead and dried Chết và khô +GEN 41 23 ia4j 0 sprang up “grew up” or “developed” """ Lớn lên "" hay "" phát triển """ +GEN 41 24 g4ud figs-ellipsis 0 The thin heads The words “of grain” are understood. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:7](../41/07.md). Alternate translation: “The thin heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những từ "" ngũ cốc "" được hiểu. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 7 ] . Một bản khác dịch là "" bông lúa "" ." +GEN 41 24 lf37 0 swallowed up “ate.” Pharaoh is dreaming that unhealthy corn could eat healthy corn just like a person eats food. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:7](../41/07.md). """ Ăn. "" +Pha-ra-ôn đang mơ rằng bắp không lành mạnh có thể ăn bắp lành mạnh giống như một người ăn thức ăn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch cụm từ tương tự nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 7 ] ." +GEN 41 24 zf3j 0 there was none that could “there was not a single one that could” or “none of them could” """ Không ai có thể "" hay "" không ai trong số họ có thể """ +GEN 41 25 q6cy figs-explicit 0 The dreams of Pharaoh are the same It is implied that the meanings are the same. Alternate translation: “Both dreams mean the same thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Nó được ngụ ý rằng các ý nghĩa đều giống nhau. Dịch cách khác: "" Cả hai giấc mơ đều có nghĩa như nhau """ +GEN 41 25 q4kq figs-123person 0 What God is about to do, he has declared to Pharaoh Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “God is showing you what he will soon do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giô-sép nói với Pha-ra-ôn trong ngôi thứ ba. Đây là cách bày tỏ lòng kính trọng. Có thể nói qua ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đang cho bạn thấy Ngài sắp làm gì """ +GEN 41 26 xnj6 figs-ellipsis 0 seven good heads The words “of grain” are understood. Alternate translation: “seven good heads of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những từ "" ngũ cốc "" được hiểu. Một bản khác dịch là "" bảy gié lúa chắc """ +GEN 41 27 k368 0 General Information: Joseph continues his interpretation of Pharaoh’s dreams Giô - sép tiếp tục giải điềm chiêm bao của Pha - ra - ôn +GEN 41 27 is68 0 thin and undesirable cows “skinny and weak cows.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:3](../41/03.md). """ Những con bò gầy gò và yếu ớt. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch một cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng Thế Ký 41: 3 ] ." +GEN 41 27 rw51 figs-activepassive 0 seven thin heads scorched by the east wind This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “seven thin heads of grain scorched because of the hot wind from the east” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Bảy gié lúa lép bị cháy sém vì gió nóng từ phương Đông """ +GEN 41 28 ik53 figs-123person 0 That is the thing which I spoke to Pharaoh…revealed to Pharaoh Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in the third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “These events will happen just as I have told you…revealed to you, Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giô-sép nói với Pha-ra-ôn trong ngôi thứ ba. Đây là cách bày tỏ lòng kính trọng. Có thể nói qua ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Những biến cố này sẽ xảy ra như ta đã nói với ngươi … đã bày tỏ cho ngươi, Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 41 28 xq53 0 he has revealed “he has made known” """ Ngài đã cho mọi người biết """ +GEN 41 29 uzi8 0 Look, seven “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: seven” """ Hãy chú ý, vì điều tôi sắp nói vừa đúng vừa quan trọng: số bảy """ +GEN 41 29 q9lh figs-metaphor 0 seven years of great abundance will come throughout all the land of Egypt This speaks about the years of abundance as if time is something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “there will be seven years in which there will be plenty of food throughout the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về những năm tháng dư dật như thể thời gian là một cái gì đó du hành và đến một nơi. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Sẽ có bảy năm được mùa dư dật lương thực trong khắp xứ Ê - díp - tô "" ." +GEN 41 30 a869 0 General Information: Joseph continues interpreting Pharaoh’s dreams. Giô-sép tiếp tục giải nghĩa các điềm chiêm bao của Pha-ra-ôn. +GEN 41 30 y7lx figs-metaphor 0 Seven years of famine will come after them This speaks about the seven years of famine as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “Then there will be seven years when there is very little food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về bảy năm đói kém như thể họ là một cái gì đó du hành và đến một nơi. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này như sau: "" Rồi sẽ có bảy năm mà lương thực rất ít "" ." +GEN 41 30 zb38 figs-parallelism 0 all the abundance will be forgotten…and the famine will devastate the land Joseph expresses an idea in two ways to emphasize its importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Giôsép diễn đạt ý tưởng theo hai cách để nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của nó. +GEN 41 30 gz1x figs-metonymy 0 all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt Here “land” refers to the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt will forget about the years in which there was plenty of food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" ám chỉ dân chúng. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Dân Ê - díp - tô sẽ quên những năm có dư dật thực phẩm """ +GEN 41 30 tuu7 figs-metonymy 0 will devastate the land Here “land” refers to the soil, the people, and the entire country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" ám chỉ đất đai, con người, và toàn bộ đất nước." +GEN 41 31 a4xl figs-parallelism 0 The abundance will not be remembered…because of the famine that will follow Joseph expresses an idea in two ways to emphasize its importance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Giôsép diễn đạt ý tưởng theo hai cách để nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của nó. +GEN 41 31 qf5c figs-metaphor 0 because of the famine that will follow This speaks about the famine as if it were a thing that travels and follows behind something else. Alternate translation: “because of the time of famine that will happen afterwards” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về nạn đói như thể nó là một thứ đi theo sau một thứ khác. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Vì lúc đói kém sẽ xảy ra sau đó "" ." +GEN 41 32 k4qw figs-activepassive 0 That the dream was repeated to Pharaoh is because the matter has been established by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gave you two dreams to show you that he will certainly cause these things to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đã ban cho anh em hai giấc mơ để chứng tỏ Ngài sẽ khiến những điều này xảy ra """ +GEN 41 33 i8w9 0 General Information: Joseph continues to address Pharaoh Giô-sép tiếp tục nói với Pha-ra-ôn +GEN 41 33 qex3 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 41 33 a6dg figs-123person 0 let Pharaoh look Joseph speaks to Pharaoh in third person. This is a way of showing respect. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “You, Pharaoh, should look” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giô-sép nói với Pha-ra-ôn bằng ngôi thứ ba. Đây là cách bày tỏ lòng kính trọng. Có thể nói qua ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Bệ hạ, bệ hạ, hãy nhìn xem """ +GEN 41 33 w17p figs-idiom 0 put him over the land of Egypt The phrase “put him over” means to give someone authority. Alternate translation: “give him authority over the kingdom of Egypt” or “put him in charge of the kingdom of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Nhóm từ "" đặt Ngài lên trên "" có nghĩa là ban cho ai đó uy quyền. Có thể dịch là: "" Giao cho người cai trị vương quốc Ai Cập "" hoặc "" Giao cho người cai trị vương quốc Ai Cập "" ." +GEN 41 33 t3pi figs-metonymy 0 land of Egypt Here “land” stands for all the people and everything in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" tiêu biểu cho hết thảy dân sự và mọi sự trong xứ Ai Cập." +GEN 41 34 vy8h translate-fraction 0 let them take a fifth of the crops of Egypt The word “fifth” is a fraction. Alternate translation: “let them divide the crops of Egypt into five equal parts, then take one of those parts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) "Từ "" thứ năm "" là một phân số. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Hãy để họ chia mùa màng xứ Ê - díp - tô thành năm phần bằng nhau, rồi lấy một phần bằng nhau """ +GEN 41 34 q92v 0 in the seven abundant years “during the seven years in which there is plenty of food” """ Trong bảy năm được dư - dật lương - thực """ +GEN 41 35 w1if 0 General Information: Joseph continues to counsel Pharaoh Giô-sép tiếp tục khuyên Pha-ra-ôn +GEN 41 35 ea47 0 Let them gather “Allow the overseers to gather” """ Hãy để cho các giám thị nhóm lại """ +GEN 41 35 ru7g figs-metaphor 0 of these good years that are coming This speaks of years as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “during the good years that will soon happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về năm tháng như thể chúng là một cái gì đó đi du lịch và đến một nơi. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trong những năm tốt đẹp sắp xảy ra """ +GEN 41 35 rc85 figs-idiom 0 store up grain under the authority of Pharaoh The phrase “under the authority of Pharaoh” means Pharaoh gives them authority. Alternate translation: “use the authority of Pharaoh to store the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Nhóm từ "" dưới quyền của Pha-ra-ôn "" có nghĩa là Pha-ra-ôn ban cho họ quyền hạn. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Dùng quyền của Pha-ra-ôn để cất giữ lúa mì "" ." +GEN 41 35 q2j1 figs-metonymy 0 They should preserve it The word “they” refers to the overseers and represents the soldiers that they should command to guard the grain. Alternate translation: “The overseers should leave soldiers there to guard the grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Chữ "" họ "" ám chỉ các giám thị và tượng trưng cho những người lính mà họ phải ra lệnh canh giữ lúa mì. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Các giám thị nên để lính lại canh giữ lúa mì "" ." +GEN 41 36 r5dj figs-metonymy 0 The food will be a supply for the land Here “land” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “This food will be for the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" ám chỉ dân chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Đồ ăn này sẽ dành cho dân sự """ +GEN 41 36 ytd1 figs-metonymy 0 In this way the land will not be devastated by the famine Here “land” stands for the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This way the people will not starve during the famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" là viết tắt của dân chúng. Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nhờ đó dân sự sẽ không bị đói trong cơn đói kém """ +GEN 41 37 d6hd figs-metaphor 0 This advice was good in the eyes of Pharaoh and in the eyes of all his servants The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh and his servants thought this was a good plan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc phán xét. Dịch khác: "" Pha-ra-ôn và quần thần nghĩ rằng đây là một kế hoạch tốt """ +GEN 41 37 lvg2 0 his servants This means Pharaoh’s officials. Điều này có nghĩa là những quan chức của Pha-ra-ôn. +GEN 41 38 xmh3 0 such a man as this “a man like the one Joseph described” """ Một người như lời Giô - sép mô tả """ +GEN 41 38 wl54 0 in whom is the Spirit of God “in whom the Spirit of God lives” ' Thánh - Linh của Đức Chúa Trời sống trong chúng ta ' +GEN 41 39 v53h 0 there is none so discerning “no one else is as capable in making decisions.” See how you translated “discerning” in [Genesis 41:33](../41/33.md). """ Không ai khác có khả năng đưa ra quyết định. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" suy - xét "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 33 ] ." +GEN 41 40 ej2d figs-metonymy 0 You will be over my house Here “house” stands for Pharaoh’s palace and the people in the palace. The phrase “will be over” means Joseph will have authority over. Alternate translation: “You will be in charge of everyone in my palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Tại đây "" nhà "" tượng trưng cho cung điện của Pha-ra-ôn và dân chúng trong cung điện. Nhóm từ "" sẽ qua đi "" có nghĩa là Giô-sép sẽ có quyền trên mọi người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Ngươi sẽ cai trị mọi người trong cung điện của ta "" ." +GEN 41 40 f76b figs-activepassive 0 according to your word will all my people be ruled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will rule over my people and they will do what you command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ngài sẽ cai trị dân tôi và họ sẽ làm theo mệnh lệnh Ngài """ +GEN 41 40 v1tq 0 Only in the throne Here “throne” stands for Pharaoh’s rule as king. Alternate translation: “Only in my role as king” """ Ngôi vua "" ở đây tượng trưng cho sự cai trị của Pha-ra-ôn với tư cách là vua. Dịch lệ: "" Chỉ trong vai trò làm vua của tôi """ +GEN 41 41 r2t9 0 See, I have put you The word “See” adds emphasis to what Pharaoh says next. Alternate translation: “Look, I have put you” "Từ "" thấy "" nhấn mạnh thêm những gì Pha-ra-ôn nói tiếp theo. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy xem, Ta đã đặt ngươi """ +GEN 41 41 vl42 figs-idiom 0 I have put you over all the land of Egypt The phrase “put you over” means to give authority. Here “land” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Nhóm từ "" đặt ngươi trên hết "" có nghĩa là trao quyền hành. Ở đây "" đất "" chỉ về dân sự. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Ta đã đặt ngươi coi sóc mọi người ở Ai Cập "" ." +GEN 41 42 f9g4 translate-symaction 0 Pharaoh took off his signet ring…gold chain on his neck All of these actions symbolize that Pharaoh is giving Joseph the authority to do everything that Joseph planned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Tất cả những hành động này tượng trưng cho việc Pha-ra-ôn đang ban cho Giô-sép thẩm quyền để làm mọi điều mà Giô-sép đã hoạch định. +GEN 41 42 i15i 0 signet ring This ring had Pharaoh’s seal engraved on it. This gave Joseph the authority and money needed to carry out his plans. Chiếc nhẫn này có khắc dấu triện của Pharaoh. Điều này cho Giô - sép quyền hành và tiền bạc cần thiết để thực hiện kế hoạch của mình. +GEN 41 42 vl94 0 clothes of fine linen “Linen” here is a smooth, strong cloth made from the blue-flowered flax plant. """ Vải gai "" ở đây là vải gai mịn, mạnh mẽ được làm từ cây lanh có hoa màu xanh." +GEN 41 43 i4am translate-symaction 0 He had him ride in the second chariot which he possessed This act makes clear to the people that Joseph is second only to Pharaoh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Hành động này cho dân chúng thấy rõ rằng Giô-sép chỉ đứng sau Pha-ra-ôn. +GEN 41 43 u4gp translate-symaction 0 Bend the knee “Bow down and honor Joseph.” To bend the knee and bow down was a sign of honor and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) """ Cúi xuống và tôn kính Giô-sép. "" +Quỳ gối và cúi xuống là một dấu hiệu của sự tôn kính và kính trọng." +GEN 41 43 wmr4 figs-idiom 0 Pharaoh put him over all the land The phrase “put you over” means to give authority. Here “land” refers to the people. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Genesis 41:41](../41/41.md). Alternate translation: “I put you in charge of everyone in Egypt”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Nhóm từ "" đặt ngươi trên hết "" có nghĩa là trao quyền hành. Ở đây "" đất "" chỉ về dân sự. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch một cụm từ tương tự trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 41 ] . Một cách dịch khác: "" Ta giao cho ngươi quyền cai trị mọi người ở Ai Cập """ +GEN 41 44 v9ec 0 I am Pharaoh, and apart from you Pharaoh is emphasizing his authority. Alternate translation: “As Pharaoh, I command that apart from you” "Pha-ra-ôn đang nhấn mạnh thẩm quyền của mình. Một bản khác dịch câu này: "" Là Pha - ra - ôn, ta ra lệnh tách khỏi ngươi """ +GEN 41 44 els8 figs-metonymy 0 apart from you, no man will lift his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt Here “hand” and “foot” stand for a person’s actions. Alternate translation: “no person in Egypt will do anything without your permission” or “every person in Egypt must ask your permission before they do anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" và "" chân "" tiêu biểu cho hành động của một người. Có thể dịch là: "" Không ai ở Ai Cập sẽ làm bất cứ điều gì mà không có sự cho phép của bạn "" hoặc "" Mỗi người ở Ai Cập phải xin phép bạn trước khi họ làm bất cứ điều gì """ +GEN 41 44 y8gj figs-gendernotations 0 no man Here “man” refers to any person in general, whether male or female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) "Ở đây "" người nam "" ám chỉ bất kỳ người nào nói chung, dù nam hay nữ." +GEN 41 45 wx8j translate-names 0 Zaphenath-Paneah Translators may add the following footnote: The name Zaphenath-Paneah means “a revealer of secrets.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Các dịch giả có thể thêm phần cước chú sau đây: tên Zaphenath - Paneah có nghĩa là "" người tiết lộ những điều bí mật "" ." +GEN 41 45 c92a translate-symaction 0 He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, as a wife Priests in Egypt were the highest and most privileged caste. This marriage signifies Joseph’s place of honor and privilege. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Các thầy tế lễ ở Ai Cập là tầng lớp cao nhất và có đặc quyền nhất. Cuộc hôn nhân này cho thấy vị trí danh dự và đặc quyền của Giô - sép. +GEN 41 45 g53x translate-names 0 gave him Asenath “Asenath” is the name of the woman whom Pharaoh gave to Joseph as his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Ách - nát "" là tên của người đàn bà mà Pha - ra - ôn đã gả cho Giô - sép." +GEN 41 45 j862 translate-names 0 daughter of Potiphera “Potiphera” is the father of Asenath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Potiphera "" là cha của Asenath." +GEN 41 45 fhe9 translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "On là một thành phố, cũng được gọi là Heliopolis, là "" thành phố của mặt trời "" và là trung tâm thờ thần mặt trời ra." +GEN 41 45 rx5u 0 Joseph went out over the land of Egypt Joseph traveled over the land to supervise the preparations for the coming drought. Giô-sép đi khắp xứ để giám sát việc chuẩn bị cho cơn hạn hán sắp đến. +GEN 41 46 u8rk translate-numbers 0 thirty years old “30 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 30 tuổi """ +GEN 41 46 iwd6 figs-metonymy 0 when he stood before Pharaoh Here “stood before” stands for Joseph starting to serve Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “when he started to serve Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đứng trước "" tiêu biểu cho Giôsép khởi sự hầu việc cho Pharaôn. Dịch lệ: "" Khi ông bắt đầu hầu Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 41 46 x22j 0 went throughout all the land of Egypt Joseph is inspecting the country as he prepares to carry out his plans. Giô-sép đang xem xét đất nước khi ông chuẩn bị thực hiện những kế hoạch của mình. +GEN 41 47 l6p5 0 In the seven bountiful years “During the seven good years” """ Trong bảy năm được phước """ +GEN 41 47 ye1w 0 the land produced abundantly “the land produced big harvests” """ Đất sanh những mùa gặt lớn """ +GEN 41 48 m4bl figs-synecdoche 0 He gathered up…He put Here “He” stands for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph ordered his servants to gather…They put” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" ông "" đứng cho các tôi tớ của Giôsép. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Giô-sép ra lệnh cho các tôi tớ mình nhóm lại … họ đặt """ +GEN 41 49 yr1c figs-metaphor 0 Joseph stored up grain like the sand of the sea This compares the grain to the sand of sea to emphasize its great quantity. Alternate translation: “The grain that Joseph stored was as plentiful as the sand on the seashore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này so sánh hạt giống với cát biển để nhấn mạnh số lượng lớn của nó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ngũ cốc mà Giô - sép chứa đựng nhiều như cát trên bờ biển """ +GEN 41 49 l1uq figs-synecdoche 0 Joseph stored up…he stopped Here “Joseph” and “he” stand for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph had his servants store up…they stopped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" Giôsép "" và "" các anh "" là đại diện cho các tôi tớ của Giôsép. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Giô-sép đã cho các tôi tớ mình tích trữ … họ dừng lại """ +GEN 41 50 r3fd figs-metaphor 0 before the years of famine came This speaks about years as if they are something that travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “before the seven years of the famine began” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về nhiều năm như thể họ là một cái gì đó đi du lịch và đến một nơi. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trước khi bảy năm đói kém bắt đầu """ +GEN 41 50 ut7u translate-names 0 Asenath a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Một cái tên phụ nữ. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] . +GEN 41 50 k2hl translate-names 0 daughter of Potiphera “Potiphera” is the father of Asenath. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) """ Potiphera "" là cha của Asenath. Hãy xem cách dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] ." +GEN 41 50 yb1j translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "On là một thành phố, cũng được gọi là Heliopolis, là "" thành phố của mặt trời "" và là trung tâm thờ thần mặt trời ra. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] ." +GEN 41 51 d3cd 0 Manasseh Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Manasseh’ means ‘to cause to forget.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm vào một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên ' ma - na - se ' có nghĩa là ' làm cho quên ' . """ +GEN 41 51 b4g6 0 father’s household This refers to Joseph’s father Jacob and his family. Điều này ám chỉ cha của Giô-sép là Gia-cốp và gia đình ông. +GEN 41 52 js3c 0 Ephraim Translators may also add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Ephraim’ means ‘to be fruitful’ or ‘to have children.’” "Các dịch giả cũng có thể thêm một cước chú nói rằng: "" Tên ' Ép - ra - im ' có nghĩa là ' sanh sản ' hoặc ' có con ' . """ +GEN 41 52 l6jr figs-idiom 0 made me fruitful Here “fruitful” means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" sanh bông trái "" có nghĩa là thịnh vượng hoặc có con cái." +GEN 41 52 nz8y figs-abstractnouns 0 in the land of my affliction The abstract noun “affliction” can be stated as “I have suffered.” Alternate translation: “in this land where I have suffered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" khổ "" có thể được phát biểu là "" tôi đã chịu khổ "" . Dịch sát nghĩa là: "" Tại xứ này tôi đã chịu khổ """ +GEN 41 54 z4db 0 in all lands In all the surrounding nations beyond Egypt, including the land of Canaan. Trong tất cả các dân tộc xung quanh bên ngoài Ai-cập, kể cả xứ Ca-na-an. +GEN 41 54 ixd6 figs-explicit 0 but in all the land of Egypt there was food It is implied that there was food because of Joseph commanded his people to store food during the seven good years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này ngụ ý rằng có lương thực vì Giô - sép ra lệnh cho dân của ông trữ lương thực trong bảy năm tốt lành. +GEN 41 55 c2ia figs-metonymy 0 When all the land of Egypt was famished Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “When all the Egyptians were starving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" là viết tắt của dân chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Khi tất cả người Ai Cập đang chết đói """ +GEN 41 56 qr6m figs-idiom 0 The famine was over all the face of the whole land The word “face” refers to the surface of the land. Alternate translation: “The famine had spread throughout the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Chữ "" mặt "" ám chỉ đến bề mặt của đất. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Nạn đói đã lan tràn khắp xứ "" ." +GEN 41 56 fa43 figs-synecdoche 0 Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold to the Egyptians Here “Joseph” stands for Joseph’s servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph had his servants open all the storehouses and sell grain to the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" Giô-sép "" đứng về phía các tôi tớ của Giô-sép. Một bản dịch khác: "" Giô - sép sai đầy tớ mở mọi kho lúa và bán lúa cho người Ê - díp - tô """ +GEN 41 57 t13u figs-metonymy 0 All the earth was coming to Egypt Here “earth” stands for the people from all regions. Alternate translation: “People were coming to Egypt from all the surrounding regions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Trái đất "" ở đây tượng trưng cho những người đến từ mọi miền đất. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Người từ khắp mọi miền đến Ai Cập "" ." +GEN 41 57 ci2w 0 in all the earth “throughout the land.” It is likely that all the different trading partners and nations that were part of the Egyptian trading routes effected by the drought came to Egypt for grain. """ Khắp cả đất. "" +Rất có thể là tất cả các đối tác thương mại và các quốc gia khác nhau từng là một phần của tuyến đường buôn bán của Ai Cập bị ảnh hưởng bởi cơn hạn hán đã đến Ai Cập để mua lúa." +GEN 42 intro c5l2 0 # Genesis 42 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Famine
Apparently this famine extended beyond Egypt and encompassed the land of Canaan too. Because of Egypt’s size and power, it would not have been unusual for people to go there in times of need. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### Joseph’s test
Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. "Sáng thế ký 42 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Nạn đói +Rõ ràng nạn đói này đã mở rộng ra ngoài Ai Cập và bao trùm cả xứ Ca-na-an. Vì cớ tầm cỡ và quyền lực của Ai Cập, sẽ không có gì bất thường nếu người ta đến đó trong những lúc khó khăn. Thử thách của Giô-sép +Giô - sép thử các anh để xem họ có tốt không. Họ đối xử với Bên - gia - min tốt hơn là đối xử với Giô - sép và cố gắng bảo vệ chàng." +GEN 42 1 c5d3 writing-newevent 0 Now Jacob became The word “Now” marks a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" đánh dấu một phần mới của câu chuyện." +GEN 42 1 p1y2 figs-rquestion 0 Why do you look at one another? Jacob uses a question to scold his sons for not doing anything about the grain. Alternate translation: “Do not just sit here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Gia-cốp sử dụng một câu hỏi để quở trách các con trai ông vì không làm bất cứ điều gì về ngũ cốc. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đừng ngồi đây! """ +GEN 42 2 h23z 0 Go down there It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going “down.” "Người ta thường nói rằng đi từ Ca - na - an xuống Ai Cập là "" xuống "" ." +GEN 42 3 vr9m 0 went down It was common to speak of going from Canaan to Egypt as going “down.” "Người ta thường nói rằng đi từ Ca - na - an xuống Ai Cập là "" xuống "" ." +GEN 42 3 i5iq figs-metonymy 0 from Egypt Here “Egypt” refers to the people selling grain. Alternate translation: “from those selling grain in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Ai Cập "" ám chỉ những người bán ngũ cốc. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" từ những người bán ngũ cốc ở Ê - díp - tô """ +GEN 42 4 rt23 figs-explicit 0 Jacob did not send Benjamin, Joseph’s brother, with his brothers "Benjamin and Joseph had the same father and mother; their mother was different from the mothers of the other brothers. Jacob did not want to risk sending Rachel’s last son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])" "Bên-gia-min và Giô-sép có cùng cha và mẹ; mẹ của họ khác với mẹ của các anh em khác. Gia-cốp không muốn mạo hiểm gửi con trai cuối cùng của Ra-chên." +GEN 42 5 p382 figs-go 0 The sons of Israel came to buy among those who came The word “came” can be translated as “went.” Also, the words “grain” and “Egypt” are understood. Alternate translation: “The sons of Israel went to by grain along with other people who went to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Chữ "" đã đến "" có thể được dịch là "" đã đi. "" +Cũng vậy, những chữ "" lúa mì "" và "" Ê-díp-tô "" đều được hiểu. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Dân Y - sơ - ra - ên cùng với những người khác đi đến xứ Ê - díp - tô """ +GEN 42 6 e78a writing-background 0 Now Joseph “Now” marks a change from the story to background information about Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) """ Bây giờ "" đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Giôsép." +GEN 42 6 xw5p figs-explicit 0 over the land Here “land” refers to Egypt. Alternate translation: “over Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" đề cập tới Ai Cập. Một bản khác dịch là "" xứ trên Ai Cập """ +GEN 42 6 cck6 figs-explicit 0 all the people of the land Here “land” includes Egypt and other surrounding countries. Alternate translation: “all the people of all the nations that came to buy grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" bao gồm Ai Cập và các nước xung quanh khác. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mọi dân của mọi nước đến mua lúa """ +GEN 42 6 bdb9 figs-go 0 Joseph’s brothers came Here “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ở đây "" đã đến "" có thể được dịch là "" đã đi. """ +GEN 42 6 s5ws translate-symaction 0 bowed down to him with their faces to the ground This is a way of showing respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là cách thể hiện sự tôn trọng. +GEN 42 7 nq51 0 Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them “When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them” """ Khi Giô - sép thấy các anh mình, thì nhận - biết """ +GEN 42 7 cu87 0 he disguised himself to them “he acted like he was not their brother” or “he did not let them know that he was their brother” """ Ngài hành động như thể Ngài không phải là anh em của họ "" hoặc "" Ngài không cho họ biết rằng Ngài là anh em của họ """ +GEN 42 7 n3p8 0 Where have you come from? This was not a rhetorical question even though Joseph knew the answer. It was part of his choice to keep his identity from his brothers. Đây không phải là câu hỏi tu từ mặc dù Giô-sép biết câu trả lời. Một phần là do Giô - sép quyết định không cho các anh biết mình là ai. +GEN 42 9 dv8w 0 You are spies Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help another country. Gián điệp là những người bí mật cố gắng lấy thông tin về một quốc gia để giúp đỡ một quốc gia khác. +GEN 42 9 y5kw figs-explicit 0 You have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “You have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Các ngươi đến đây để xem nơi nào chúng ta không canh giữ xứ chúng ta để các ngươi có thể tấn công chúng ta """ +GEN 42 10 l89u 0 my master This is a way to refer to someone to honor them. Đây là cách nói ám chỉ một người nào đó tôn vinh họ. +GEN 42 10 e1z7 figs-123person 0 Your servants have The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “We, your servants, have” or “We have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Các anh em tự nhận mình là "" Tôi tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi, tôi tớ Chúa có "" hoặc "" Chúng tôi có """ +GEN 42 12 i9sn 0 He said to them “Joseph said to his brothers” """ Giô - sép nói cùng các anh mình """ +GEN 42 12 ca6s figs-explicit 0 No, you have come to see the undefended parts of the land The full meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “No, you have come to find out where we are not guarding our land so that you can attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Bản Diễn Ý dịch: "" Không, các ngươi đến đây để tìm ra nơi chúng ta không canh giữ đất của chúng ta để các ngươi có thể tấn công chúng ta """ +GEN 42 13 vj1h translate-numbers 0 twelve brothers “12 brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 12 anh em """ +GEN 42 13 wv8h 0 See, the youngest “Listen to us, the youngest.” The word “See” is used to emphasize what they say next. """ Hãy nghe chúng tôi, những người trẻ nhất. "" +Từ "" thấy "" được dùng để nhấn mạnh những gì họ nói tiếp theo." +GEN 42 13 g7cm 0 the youngest is this day with our father “right now our youngest brother is with our father” """ Bây giờ em út của chúng tôi đang ở với cha """ +GEN 42 14 ff9z 0 "It is what I said to you; you are spies" “like I already said, you are spies.” See how you translated “spies” in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). """ Như tôi đã nói, các anh là gián điệp. "" +Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" thám tử "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 42: 9 ] ." +GEN 42 15 iq1v figs-activepassive 0 By this you will be tested This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This is how I will test you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Ta sẽ thử các ngươi như vầy """ +GEN 42 15 j3zj 0 By the life of Pharaoh This phrase indicates a solemn oath. Alternate translation: “I swear by the life of Pharaoh” "Cụm từ nầy chỉ ra một lời thề long trọng. Dịch lệ: "" Tôi chỉ sinh mạng của Pha-ra-ôn mà thề """ +GEN 42 16 dz9i 0 Send one of yourselves and let him get your brother “Choose one of you to go get your brother” """ Hãy chọn một người trong vòng các ngươi phải đi đón anh em mình """ +GEN 42 16 fxw4 0 You will remain in prison “The rest of you will remain in prison” """ Những người còn lại sẽ ở trong tù """ +GEN 42 16 dnr5 figs-activepassive 0 that your words may be tested, whether there is truth in you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that I may find out if you are telling the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Để tôi có thể biết anh có nói thật hay không """ +GEN 42 17 fat5 0 in custody “in prison” """ Ở trong tù """ +GEN 42 18 qus3 translate-ordinal 0 on the third day The word “third” is an ordinal number. Alternate translation: “after the second day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) "Chữ "" thứ ba "" là số thứ tự. Một bản khác dịch là "" sau ngày thứ hai """ +GEN 42 18 gh5e figs-ellipsis 0 Do this and live The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If you will do what I say, I will let you live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Thông tin đã hiểu có thể được nêu rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Nếu ngươi làm theo lời ta, ta sẽ cho ngươi sống """ +GEN 42 18 h8lm 0 fear God This refers to deeply respecting God and showing that respect by obeying him. Điều này ám chỉ việc tôn kính Đức Chúa Trời sâu xa và bày tỏ sự tôn trọng đó bằng cách vâng lời Ngài. +GEN 42 19 r62p figs-activepassive 0 let one of your brothers be confined in this prison This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “leave one of your brothers here in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hãy để một trong những anh em của anh em ở lại trong tù """ +GEN 42 19 s1pk figs-you 0 but you go Here “you” is plural and refers to all the brothers that will not stay in prison. Alternate translation: “but the rest of you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" các ngươi "" là số nhiều và đề cập đến tất cả những anh em sẽ không ở trong tù. Một bản khác dịch: "" Nhưng những người còn lại trong các ngươi hãy đi đi """ +GEN 42 19 f5t4 figs-metonymy 0 carry grain for the famine of your houses Here “houses” stands for families. Alternate translation: “carry grain home to help your family during this famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của gia đình. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mang lúa về nhà để giúp gia đình trong cơn đói kém """ +GEN 42 20 r5ua figs-activepassive 0 so your words will be verified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so I may know what you say is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Để tôi có thể biết những gì anh em nói là đúng """ +GEN 42 20 p88a figs-explicit 0 you will not die This implies that Joseph would have his soldiers execute the brothers if he finds out they are spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này ngụ ý rằng Giô - sép sẽ sai lính hành quyết các anh nếu biết họ là gián điệp. +GEN 42 21 s33g figs-synecdoche 0 in that we saw the distress of his soul The word “soul” stands for Joseph. Alternate translation: “because we saw how distressed Joseph was” or “because we saw that Joseph was suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Chữ "" linh hồn "" tiêu biểu cho Giôsép. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Bởi vì chúng ta thấy Giô - sép đau buồn như thế nào "" hoặc "" bởi vì chúng ta thấy Giô - sép đau khổ """ +GEN 42 21 hc4a figs-abstractnouns 0 Therefore this distress has come upon us The abstract noun “distress” can be stated as the verb “suffering.” Alternate translation: “That is why we are suffering like this now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" đau khổ "" có thể được gọi là động từ "" đau khổ "" . Dịch giả: "" Đó là lý do tại sao chúng ta đang đau khổ như thế này """ +GEN 42 22 brj8 figs-rquestion 0 Did I not tell you, ‘Do not sin against the boy,’ but you would not listen? Reuben uses a question to scold his brothers. Alternate translation: “I told you not to hurt the boy, but you would not listen!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Reuben dùng một câu hỏi để trách mắng các anh mình. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi đã bảo anh đừng làm hại cậu bé, nhưng anh không chịu nghe! """ +GEN 42 22 n5z3 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Did I not tell you, ‘Do not sin against the boy,’ but This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Did I not tell you not to sin against the boy, but” or “I told you not to harm the boy, but” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Ta đã chẳng bảo ngươi không được phạm tội với cậu bé, nhưng "" hoặc "" Ta đã bảo ngươi không được làm hại cậu bé, nhưng """ +GEN 42 22 eap3 0 Now, see Here “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but both “Now” and “see” are used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Ở đây "" bây giờ "" không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng cả "" bây giờ "" và "" nhìn thấy "" đều được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đây." +GEN 42 22 pn25 figs-metonymy 0 his blood is required of us Here “blood” stands for Joseph’s death. His brothers thought Joseph was dead. The phrase “is required of us” means they must be punished for what they did. Alternate translation: “we are getting what we deserve for his death” or “we are suffering for having killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" huyết "" tiêu biểu cho cái chết của Giôsép. Các anh của Giô - sép nghĩ rằng chàng đã chết. Nhóm từ "" chúng ta phải phục "" có nghĩa là họ phải bị trừng phạt về những gì họ đã làm. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Chúng ta đáng chết "" hoặc "" Chúng ta đau khổ vì đã giết ông """ +GEN 42 23 lqt2 writing-background 0 They did not know…an interpreter between them This shifts from the main story line to background information that explains why the brothers thought Joseph could not understand them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) Điều này chuyển từ câu chuyện chính sang thông tin nền tảng giải thích lý do các anh nghĩ Giô-sép không thể hiểu họ. +GEN 42 23 p4pm 0 an interpreter An “interpreter” is someone who translates what one person says into another language. Joseph placed an interpreter between himself and his brothers to make it seem like he did not speak their language. "Người "" thông dịch "" là người dịch những gì người khác nói sang ngôn ngữ khác. Giô - sép đã đặt một người thông ngôn giữa mình và các anh em để họ nghĩ rằng ông không nói ngôn ngữ của họ." +GEN 42 24 ciy7 figs-explicit 0 He turned from them and wept It is implied that Joseph wept because he was emotional after hearing what his brothers said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này ngụ ý rằng Giô - sép đã khóc vì xúc động sau khi nghe các anh nói. +GEN 42 24 wf1i figs-explicit 0 spoke to them Joseph was still speaking a different language and using the interpreter to speak to his brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Giô - sép vẫn nói một thứ tiếng khác và dùng thông dịch viên để nói với các anh em. +GEN 42 24 w4b7 figs-synecdoche 0 bound him before their eyes Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “bound him in their sight” or “bound him as they watched” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây dân sự được đại diện bởi "" mắt "" của họ để nhấn mạnh những gì họ thấy. Một cách dịch khác: "" Trói người ấy trước mắt họ "" hoặc "" Trói người ấy như họ đã thấy """ +GEN 42 25 y2fl 0 to give them provisions “to give them the supplies they needed” """ Để cung cấp cho họ nhu yếu phẩm cần dùng """ +GEN 42 25 bf12 figs-activepassive 0 It was done for them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The servants did for them everything that Joseph commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các đầy tớ làm cho họ mọi điều Giô - sép dặn biểu """ +GEN 42 27 gcn4 0 As one of them opened his sack to give his donkey feed in the lodging place, he saw his money. Behold, it was in the opening of his sack “When they stopped at a place for the night, one of the brothers opened his sack to get food for his donkey. In the sack he saw his money!” """ Khi họ dừng lại một nơi để nghỉ đêm, một trong các anh em mở bao bố ra để lấy thức ăn cho con lừa của mình. Trong bao, anh ta thấy tiền của mình! """ +GEN 42 27 w3t1 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây báo động cho chúng ta chú ý đến những thông tin đáng ngạc nhiên nối theo sau." +GEN 42 28 g184 figs-activepassive 0 My money has been put back This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone has put my money back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Có người đã trả lại tiền cho tôi """ +GEN 42 28 df3i 0 Look at it “Look in my sack!” """ Nhìn vào túi của tôi đi! """ +GEN 42 28 b9ha figs-metaphor 0 Their hearts sank To become afraid is spoken of as if their heart were sinking. Here “hearts” stands for courage. Alternate translation: “They became very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Trở nên sợ hãi được nói đến như thể trái tim của họ đang chìm đắm. Ở đây "" trái tim "" đại diện cho sự can đảm. Một bản khác dịch: "" Họ rất sợ hãi """ +GEN 42 30 q8iz 0 lord of the land “the lord of Egypt” """ Chúa tể Ai Cập """ +GEN 42 30 d1km 0 spoke roughly “spoke harshly” """ Ăn nói xẳng xớm """ +GEN 42 30 zie5 0 we were spies Spies are people who secretly try to get information about a country to help another country. See how you translated “spies” in [Genesis 42:9](../42/09.md). "Gián điệp là những người bí mật cố gắng lấy thông tin về một quốc gia để giúp đỡ một quốc gia khác. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" người do thám "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 42: 9 ] ." +GEN 42 31 i7g6 figs-quotesinquotes 0 We said to him, ‘We are honest men. We are not spies. This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “We told him that we are honest men and not spies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Chúng tôi nói với ông rằng chúng tôi là những người trung thực chứ không phải gián điệp. """ +GEN 42 32 e88f figs-quotesinquotes 0 We are twelve brothers, sons of our father. One is no longer alive…land of Canaan.’ The quotation within a quotation that began with the words “We said to him, ‘We are honest men…not spies. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “We told him that we are honest men…not spies. We said that we are twelve brothers, sons of our father, and that one brother is no longer alive…land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Lời trích dẫn trong một câu trích dẫn bắt đầu bằng những từ "" Chúng tôi thưa rằng: Chúng tôi là người lương thiện, chẳng phải là thám tử đâu. Có thể nói đó là một lời trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Chúng tôi nói với ông rằng chúng tôi là những người trung thực. . . không phải gián điệp. Chúng tôi nói rằng chúng tôi là mười hai anh em, con trai của cha chúng tôi, và rằng một người anh em không còn sống … vùng đất Canaan nữa """ +GEN 42 32 xh3d figs-ellipsis 0 One is no longer alive The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “One brother is no longer alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ "" anh em "" được hiểu như thế nào. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Một anh em không còn sống nữa """ +GEN 42 32 e6lq figs-ellipsis 0 the youngest is this day with our father The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “the youngest brother is with our father right now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ "" anh em "" được hiểu như thế nào. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Người Anh út hiện đang ở với cha chúng ta """ +GEN 42 33 fu6f 0 the lord of the land “The lord of Egypt” """ Chúa tể Ai Cập """ +GEN 42 33 a8kj figs-metonymy 0 take grain for the famine in your houses Here “houses” stands for “family.” Alternate translation: “take grain to help your family during the famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của "" gia đình "" . Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Lấy lúa mì giúp đỡ gia đình trong cơn đói kém """ +GEN 42 33 gg5l 0 go your way “go home” or “leave” """ Về nhà "" hay "" ra đi """ +GEN 42 34 ny2q 0 you will trade in the land “I will allow you to buy and sell in this land” """ Ta sẽ cho phép ngươi mua bán trong xứ nầy """ +GEN 42 35 fhb9 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 42 35 nu84 0 behold, every “they were surprised because every” """ Họ ngạc nhiên vì mọi """ +GEN 42 36 y5x1 0 You have bereaved me of my children “you have deprived me of my children” or “you have caused me to lose two of my children” """ Chúa đã cất lấy các con khỏi tôi "" hay "" Chúa đã khiến tôi mất hai đứa con """ +GEN 42 36 h9h6 0 All these things are against me “all these things hurt me” """ Mọi điều đó làm hại tôi """ +GEN 42 37 a4d7 figs-metaphor 0 Put him in my hands This is a request for Reuben to take Benjamin with him and to care for him on the journey. Alternate translation: “Put me in charge of him” or “Let me take care of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Đây là một yêu cầu để Ru-bên đem Bên-gia-min theo với ông và chăm sóc ông trong cuộc hành trình. Dịch thay thế: "" Giao cho tôi coi sóc anh ấy "" hay "" Để tôi chăm sóc anh ấy """ +GEN 42 38 j7bu 0 My son will not go down with you It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “My son, Benjamin, will not go with you to Egypt” "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi xuống "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ca-na-an đến Ai Cập. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Con trai tôi là Bên - gia - min sẽ không đi với ông xuống Ê - díp - tô "" ." +GEN 42 38 gb7z figs-you 0 with you Here “you” is plural and refers to Jacob’s older sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" ngươi "" là số nhiều và đề cập đến các con trai lớn của Gia-cốp." +GEN 42 38 vm4r figs-explicit 0 For his brother is dead and he alone is left The full meaning can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “For my wife, Rachel, only had two children. Joseph is dead and Benjamin is the only one left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa đầy đủ có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Đối với vợ tôi là Ra - chên chỉ có hai đứa con. Giô - sép đã chết và Bên - gia - min là người duy nhất còn sót lại """ +GEN 42 38 jj7h 0 on the road in which you go “while you a traveling to Egypt and back” or “while you are away.” Here “road” stands for traveling. """ Khi ngươi đi đường đến xứ Ê-díp-tô và trở về "" hoặc "" Khi ngươi vắng mặt. "" +Ở đây "" đường "" là viết tắt của sự đi đường." +GEN 42 38 mk1r figs-idiom 0 then you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “then you will cause me, an old man, to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Làm cho xuống … âm phủ "" là cách nói rằng họ sẽ làm cho ông phải chết và đi đến âm phủ. Ông sử dụng từ "" xuống "" vì người ta thường tin rằng Sheol nằm ở đâu đó dưới lòng đất. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Bấy giờ Chúa sẽ làm cho tôi, một ông già, chết vì buồn rầu """ +GEN 42 38 b5eg figs-synecdoche 0 my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “me, an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Điều này đại diện cho Gia-cốp và nhấn mạnh tuổi già của ông. Dịch lệ: "" Tôi, một ông già """ +GEN 43 intro b7av 0 # Genesis 43 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Israel’s concern
Israel is concerned over his favored son, Benjamin. He is also confused about the reason the Egyptian official treated them so kindly. This caused him some concern. It is possible he thought his sons were lying to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]]) "Genesis 43 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Mối quan tâm của Y-sơ-ra-ên +Y-sơ-ra-ên quan tâm đến con trai yêu dấu của mình là Bên-gia-min. Ông cũng bối rối về lý do vị quan Ai Cập đối xử với họ rất tử tế. Điều này khiến ông lo lắng. Có thể ông nghĩ rằng các con ông nói dối." +GEN 43 1 l7ym figs-ellipsis 0 The famine was severe in the land The word “Canaan” is understood. This information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The famine was severe in the land of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ ngữ "" Canaan "" được hiểu. Thông tin này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nạn đói trầm trọng tại xứ Ca - na - an """ +GEN 43 2 af37 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 43 2 j2pr 0 when they had eaten “when Jacob and his family had eaten” """ Khi Gia-cốp và gia đình người đã ăn rồi """ +GEN 43 2 y9y8 0 they had brought “Jacob’s older sons had brought” """ Các con trai lớn của Gia - cốp đem """ +GEN 43 2 cwa3 figs-exclusive 0 buy us Here “us” refers to Jacob, his sons, and the rest of the family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" chỉ về Gia-cốp, các con trai ông, và những người còn lại trong gia đình." +GEN 43 3 a11c 0 Judah told him “Judah told his father Jacob” """ Giu-đa nói với cha mình là Gia-cốp """ +GEN 43 3 xp8m 0 The man This refers to Joseph, but the brothers did not know it was Joseph. They referred to him as “the man” or “the man, the lord of the land” as in [Genesis 42:30](../42/30.md). "Điều này ám chỉ Giô-sép, nhưng các anh không biết đó là Giô-sép. Họ gọi chàng là "" người "" hoặc "" chúa của đất "" như trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 42: 30 ] ." +GEN 43 3 t3f5 figs-quotesinquotes 0 warned us, ‘You will not see my face unless your brother is with you.’ This has a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “warned us that we would not see his face unless we brought our youngest brother with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Điều này có một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Cảnh cáo chúng ta rằng chúng ta sẽ không nhìn thấy mặt Ngài nếu chúng ta không đem em út của chúng ta theo cùng """ +GEN 43 3 w1ix 0 solemnly warned us “was very serious when he warned us, saying” """ Rất nghiêm trọng khi ông cảnh báo chúng tôi, nói rằng … """ +GEN 43 3 jb64 figs-synecdoche 0 You will not see my face Judah uses this phrase twice in 43:3-5 to emphasize to his father that they cannot return to Egypt without Benjamin. The phrase “my face” refers to the man, who is Joseph. Alternate translation: “You will not see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Judah sử dụng cụm từ này hai lần trong 43: 3 - 5 để nhấn mạnh với cha mình rằng họ không thể trở lại Ai Cập mà không có Benjamin. Cụm từ "" mặt ta "" đề cập đến người đàn ông, là Giô-sép. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Các ngươi sẽ không thấy Ta """ +GEN 43 3 enw5 0 your brother is with you Judah is referring to Benjamin, Rachel’s last born before she died. Giu-đa đang đề cập đến Bên-gia-min, đứa con cuối cùng của Ra-chên trước khi nàng qua đời. +GEN 43 5 db22 0 we will not go down It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi xuống "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ca-na-an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 6 e9fz 0 Why did you treat me so badly “Why did you cause me so much trouble” """ Tại sao anh lại gây cho tôi quá nhiều rắc rối như vậy """ +GEN 43 7 q6ea 0 The man asked details “The man asked many questions” """ Người đó hỏi nhiều câu """ +GEN 43 7 x1z8 figs-exclusive 0 about us Here “us” is exclusive and refers to the brothers who went to Egypt and spoke with “the man.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" chỉ có một mình và chỉ về những anh em đã đến Ai Cập và nói chuyện với "" người ấy "" ." +GEN 43 7 c5sn figs-quotesinquotes 0 He said, ‘Is your father still alive? Do you have another brother?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “He asked us directly if our father was still alive and if we had another brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Ngài hỏi thẳng chúng ta rằng Cha chúng ta có còn sống không và chúng ta có người anh em nào khác không. """ +GEN 43 7 g7db 0 We answered him according to these questions “We answered the questions he asked us” """ Chúng tôi trả lời những câu hỏi mà ngài đã hỏi chúng tôi """ +GEN 43 7 j654 figs-rquestion 0 How could we have known that he would say…down? The sons use a question emphasize that the did not know what the man would tell them to do. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We did not know he would say…down!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Các con trai sử dụng một câu hỏi nhấn mạnh rằng các đã không biết những gì người đàn ông sẽ nói với họ để làm. Câu hỏi tu từ này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Chúng tôi không biết ông ấy sẽ nói … xuống! """ +GEN 43 7 wzh2 figs-quotesinquotes 0 he would say, ‘Bring your brother down?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “he would tell us to bring our brother down to Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Thay vào đó, hãy dịch: "" Ngài sẽ bảo chúng ta đem anh em mình xuống Ai Cập. """ +GEN 43 7 v3xy 0 Bring your brother down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 8 l94l figs-parallelism 0 We will rise and go that we may live and not die, both we, you, and also our children The phrases “we may live” and “not die” mean the same thing. Judah is emphasizing that they have to buy food in Egypt in order to survive. Alternate translation: “We will go now to Egypt and get grain so our whole family will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Nhóm từ "" chúng ta được sống "" và "" không chết "" có cùng một ý nghĩa. Giu-đa đang nhấn mạnh rằng họ phải mua thức ăn ở Ai Cập để có thể sống sót. Một cách dịch khác: "" Bây giờ chúng tôi sẽ đi đến Ai Cập và lấy lúa để cả gia đình chúng tôi sẽ sống "" ." +GEN 43 8 mh3d figs-exclusive 0 We will rise Here “We” refers to the brothers who will travel to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng tôi "" ám chỉ các anh em sẽ đi du lịch sang Ai Cập." +GEN 43 8 k6f4 figs-exclusive 0 we may live Here “we” refers to the brothers, Israel, and the whole family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" ám chỉ các anh em, dân Y-sơ-ra-ên, và cả gia đình." +GEN 43 8 cpz3 figs-exclusive 0 both we Here “we” refers to the brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" ám chỉ các anh em." +GEN 43 8 uy53 figs-you 0 we, you Here “you” is singular and refers to Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" ngươi "" là số ít và chỉ về Y-sơ-ra-ên." +GEN 43 8 tl69 figs-exclusive 0 also our children Here “our” refers to the brothers. This refers to the small children who were most likely to die during a famine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" của chúng ta "" ám chỉ các anh em. Điều này ám chỉ những em nhỏ có nhiều khả năng chết đói nhất." +GEN 43 9 y9c3 figs-abstractnouns 0 I will be a guarantee for him The abstract noun “guarantee” can be stated as the verb “promise.” Alternate translation: “I will promise to bring him back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" đảm bảo "" có thể được phát biểu như động từ "" hứa "" . Dịch thay thế: "" Tôi sẽ hứa đem Ngài trở lại """ +GEN 43 9 c8cl figs-explicit 0 You will hold me responsible How Jacob will hold Judah responsible can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You will make me answer to you about what happens to Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Cách Gia-cốp buộc Giu-đa chịu trách nhiệm có thể được nói rõ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Anh sẽ bắt tôi trả lời anh về điều xảy ra cho Bên - gia - min """ +GEN 43 9 bru3 figs-metaphor 0 let me bear the blame This speaks about “blame” as if it were an object that a person has to carry. Alternate translation: “you may blame me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về "" sự trách móc "" như thể nó là một vật mà một người phải mang theo. Một cách dịch khác: "" Ngươi có thể trách ta """ +GEN 43 10 c1nb figs-hypo 0 For if we had not delayed Judah is describing something that could have happened in the past but did not. Judah is scolding his father for waiting so long to send his sons to Egypt to get more food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) Giu-đa đang mô tả một điều gì đó có thể đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng đã không xảy ra. Giu-đa đang trách mắng cha mình vì đã chờ đợi quá lâu để gửi các con trai mình đến Ai Cập để lấy thêm lương thực. +GEN 43 10 gig8 0 we would have come back here a second time “we would have returned twice” """ Chúng tôi sẽ trở lại hai lần """ +GEN 43 11 qd28 0 If it be so, now do this “If this is our only choice, then do it” """ Nếu đây là lựa chọn duy nhất của chúng ta, thì hãy làm đi """ +GEN 43 11 vqb7 0 Carry down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 11 dp26 0 balm an oily substance with a sweet smell used for healing and protecting skin. See how you translated this word in [Genesis 37:25](../37/25.md). Alternate translation: “medicine” "Một chất dầu có mùi thơm được dùng để chữa bệnh và bảo vệ da. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch chữ này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 37: 25 ] . Cách dịch khác là: "" Thuốc """ +GEN 43 11 a7it 0 spices seasonings. See how you translated these words in [Genesis 37:25](../37/25.md). Gia vị. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những lời này trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 37: 25 ] . +GEN 43 11 qbj2 translate-unknown 0 pistachio nuts small, green tree nuts (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Nhỏ, quả hạch cây xanh +GEN 43 11 d1a7 translate-unknown 0 almonds tree nuts with a sweet flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) Quả hạch có vị ngọt +GEN 43 12 vd8z figs-synecdoche 0 Take double money in your hand Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Take double the money with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Hãy đem theo gấp đôi số tiền """ +GEN 43 12 wm87 figs-synecdoche 0 The money that was returned in the opening of your sacks, carry again in your hand Here “hand” stands for the whole person. The phrase “that was returned” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “take back to Egypt the money someone put in your sacks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Cụm từ "" that was returned "" có thể được phát biểu ở dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Hãy đem về Ai Cập số tiền mà ai đó bỏ vào bao """ +GEN 43 13 xn4a 0 Take also your brother “Take also Benjamin” """ Lấy tên Benjamin """ +GEN 43 13 l12h 0 go again “return” """ Trở lại """ +GEN 43 14 e786 figs-abstractnouns 0 May God Almighty give you mercy before the man The abstract noun “mercy” can be stated as the adjective “kind.” Alternate translation: “May God Almighty cause the man to be kind to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" thương xót "" có thể được gọi là tính từ "" nhân loại "" . Một cách dịch khác: "" Cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời toàn năng khiến người đối xử tử tế với anh em """ +GEN 43 14 vf2h 0 your other brother “Simeon” """ Simeon """ +GEN 43 14 u7v1 0 If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved “If I lose my children, then I lose my children.” This means that Jacob knows he must accept whatever happens to his sons. """ Nếu tôi mất các con tôi, thì tôi cũng mất các con tôi "" . Điều này có nghĩa là Giacốp biết ông phải chấp nhận bất cứ điều gì xảy ra cho các con trai mình." +GEN 43 15 f3ts figs-synecdoche 0 in their hand they took Here “hand” refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “they took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" ám chỉ toàn bộ con người. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúng đã lấy """ +GEN 43 15 xlh5 0 went down to Egypt It was common to use the phrase “went down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi xuống "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ca-na-an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 16 ld98 0 Benjamin with them “Benjamin with Joseph’s older brothers” """ Bên-gia-min với các anh Giô-sép """ +GEN 43 16 w4n3 0 the steward of his house The “steward” was responsible for managing Joseph’s household activities. """ Quản gia "" chịu trách nhiệm quản lý công việc nhà Giô - sép." +GEN 43 17 cfq1 figs-go 0 He brought the men Here “brought” can be translated as “took.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ở đây chữ "" đem "" có thể được dịch là "" mang lấy. """ +GEN 43 17 wk2w 0 to Joseph’s house “into Joseph’s house” """ Vào nhà Giô - sép """ +GEN 43 18 ft1a 0 The men were afraid “Joseph’s brothers were afraid” """ Các anh Giô - sép đều sợ - hãi """ +GEN 43 18 rw47 figs-activepassive 0 they were brought to Joseph’s house This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they were going into Joseph’s house” or “the steward was taking them into Joseph’s house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ đi vào nhà Giô - sép "" hoặc "" người quản gia dẫn họ vào nhà Giô - sép """ +GEN 43 18 rx9m figs-activepassive 0 It is because of the money that was returned in our sacks the first time we were brought in This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The steward is bringing us into the house because of the money that someone put back in our sacks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Người quản gia đưa chúng tôi vào nhà vì có người bỏ tiền vào bao """ +GEN 43 18 tl4h 0 that he may seek an opportunity against us. He might arrest us This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “He is waiting for the opportunity to accuse us, so that he might arrest us” "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Người đang chờ cơ hội để tố cáo chúng ta, hầu bắt giữ chúng ta """ +GEN 43 20 pmz6 0 we came down It is common to use the phrase “came down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 21 y72v 0 Connecting Statement: The brothers continue speaking to the steward of the house. Các anh em tiếp tục nói chuyện với người quản gia. +GEN 43 21 e2g8 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể cân nhắc việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 43 21 pjc8 0 when we reached the lodging place “when we came to the place that we were going to stay for the night” """ Khi chúng tôi đã đến chốn mà chúng tôi sẽ ở đêm nay """ +GEN 43 21 nc2k 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that the brothers were surprised by what they saw. "Từ ngữ "" kìa "" ở đây cho thấy rằng các anh em đã ngạc nhiên bởi những gì họ đã thấy." +GEN 43 21 hf98 0 every man’s money was in the opening of his sack, our money in full weight “each one of us found the full amount of his money in his sack” """ Mỗi người trong chúng ta đã tìm thấy đầy đủ số tiền của mình trong bao mình """ +GEN 43 21 be34 figs-synecdoche 0 We have brought it back in our hands Here “hands” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “We have brought the money back with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Chúng tôi đã mang tiền về """ +GEN 43 22 nd43 figs-synecdoche 0 Other money we have also brought down in our hand to buy food Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “We have also brought more money to buy food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Chúng tôi cũng mang thêm tiền để mua thức ăn """ +GEN 43 22 q64s 0 brought down It common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 43 23 g7nj figs-abstractnouns 0 Peace be to you The abstract noun “Peace” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Relax” or “Calm yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" bình an "" có thể được phát biểu như một động từ. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Thư giãn "" hoặc "" bình tĩnh lại """ +GEN 43 23 y651 0 Your God and the God of your father The stewards is not speaking about two different Gods. Alternate translation: “Your God, the God your father worships” "Các quản gia không đang nói về hai vị thần khác nhau. Bản Diễn Ý dịch là: "" Đức Chúa Trời ngươi, Đức Chúa Trời Cha ngươi thờ phượng """ +GEN 43 24 wwj3 figs-explicit 0 washed their feet This custom helped tired travelers to refresh themselves after walking long distances. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Phong tục này giúp những lữ khách mệt mỏi lấy lại sức sau khi đi bộ đường dài. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm rõ. +GEN 43 24 q981 0 feed to their donkeys “Feed” is dry food that is set aside for animals """ Thức ăn "" là thức ăn khô dành cho động vật" +GEN 43 26 jf2d figs-synecdoche 0 they brought the gifts which were in their hand Here “hand” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “the brothers brought the gifts they had with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Các anh em mang quà đến "" ." +GEN 43 26 a4p7 translate-symaction 0 bowed down before him This is a way of showing honor and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đây là cách thể hiện sự tôn trọng và kính trọng. +GEN 43 28 uc51 0 Your servant our father They refer to their father as “Your servant” to show respect. Alternate translation: “Our father who serves you” "Họ gọi cha mình là "" đầy - tớ "" để tỏ lòng kính trọng. Một cách dịch khác: "" Cha chúng tôi là người phục vụ anh em """ +GEN 43 28 lk7k translate-symaction 0 They prostrated themselves and bowed down These words basically mean the same thing. They laid down in front of the man to show him respect. Alternate translation: “They bowed down in front of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) "Những từ này về cơ bản có cùng nghĩa. Chúng được đặt xuống trước mặt người đàn ông để tỏ lòng kính trọng với ông ta. Một cách dịch khác: "" Họ quì lạy trước mặt ông """ +GEN 43 29 ca4h figs-idiom 0 he lifted up his eyes This means “he looked up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Điều này có nghĩa là "" Ngài ngước nhìn lên. """ +GEN 43 29 vr6v 0 his mother’s son, and he said This can be translated with a new sentence. Alternate translation: “his mother’s son. Joseph said” "Điều này có thể được dịch bằng một câu mới. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Con trai của mẹ ngài. Giô - sép nói """ +GEN 43 29 j5nt figs-rquestion 0 Is this your youngest brother…me? Possible meanings are (1) Joseph is truly asking a question to confirm that this man is Benjamin, or (2) it is a rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “So this is your youngest brother…me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) Giô-sép thật sự đang đặt một câu hỏi để xác nhận rằng người nầy là Bên-gia-min, hoặc ( 2 ) đó là một câu hỏi tu từ. Một cách dịch khác: "" Vậy đây là em út của anh … em "" ." +GEN 43 29 en2a 0 my son This is a friendly way one man speaks to another man of lower rank. Alternate translation: “young man” "Đây là cách thân thiện mà một người nói chuyện với một người có địa vị thấp hơn. Dịch cách khác: "" Chàng trai trẻ """ +GEN 43 30 w15d 0 hurried to go out of the room “hurried out of the room” """ Vội vã ra khỏi phòng """ +GEN 43 30 ttv5 figs-idiom 0 for he was deeply moved about his brother The phrase “deeply moved” refers to having a strong feeling or emotion when something important happens. Alternate translation: “for he had strong feelings of compassion for his brother” or “for he had strong feelings of affection for his brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" cảm động sâu xa "" ám chỉ việc có một cảm giác hay cảm xúc mạnh mẽ khi một điều gì đó quan trọng xảy ra. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vì người có lòng thương xót anh em mình "" hoặc "" Vì người có tình cảm mạnh mẽ đối với anh em mình """ +GEN 43 31 s76h figs-explicit 0 saying It can be made explicit to whom Joseph is speaking. Alternate translation: “and said to his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Có thể cho biết rõ Giô - sép đang nói với ai. Một bản dịch khác: "" Và nói với tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 43 31 jr7a 0 Serve the food This means to distribute the food so that people may eat. Điều này có nghĩa là phân phát thức ăn để mọi người có thể ăn. +GEN 43 32 dj49 0 The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves. The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves This means that Joseph, the brothers, and the other Egyptians are eating in three different places within the same room. Alternate translation: “The servants served Joseph by himself and the brothers by themselves and the Egyptians, who were eating with him, by themselves” "Điều này có nghĩa là Giô-sép, các anh em, và những người Ai Cập khác đang ăn ở ba nơi khác nhau trong cùng một căn phòng. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Các đầy tớ hầu hạ Giô - sép một mình, các anh em hầu hạ và những người Ê - díp - tô hầu hạ ông, ăn uống một mình "" ." +GEN 43 32 k54i 0 The Egyptians there ate with him by themselves These are probably other Egyptian officials who ate with Joseph, but they still sat separately from him and the Hebrew brothers. Đây có lẽ là những quan chức Ai Cập khác đã ăn nằm với Giô-sép, nhưng họ vẫn ngồi riêng với ông và các anh em người Hê-bơ-rơ. +GEN 43 32 bz5r 0 because the Egyptians could not eat bread with the Hebrews, for that is detestable to the Egyptians This can be translated as a new sentence: “They did this because the Egyptians thought it was shameful to eat with the Hebrews” "Điều nầy có thể được dịch là một câu mới: "" Họ làm điều nầy vì người Ai Cập tưởng ăn ở với người Hêbơrơ là xấu hổ lắm """ +GEN 43 32 dn35 figs-synecdoche 0 could not eat bread Here “bread” stands for food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" bánh mì "" là viết tắt của lương thực nói chung." +GEN 43 33 uk7w figs-explicit 0 The brothers sat before him It is implied that Joseph had arranged where each brother would sit. You can make clear the implied information. Alternate translation: “The brothers sat across from the man, according to how he arranged their places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Điều này ngụ ý rằng Giô - sép đã sắp xếp chỗ ngồi cho mỗi anh em. Bạn có thể làm sáng tỏ thông tin ngụ ý này. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các anh em ngồi đối diện với người đàn ông, tùy theo cách ông sắp xếp chỗ ngồi của họ """ +GEN 43 33 v5sa figs-merism 0 the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth The “firstborn” and the “youngest” are used together to mean all the brothers were sitting in order according to their age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) """ Con trưởng "" và "" con út "" được dùng chung với nhau để nói rằng tất cả các anh em đều ngồi theo thứ tự tuổi tác của mình." +GEN 43 33 c4tk 0 The men were astonished together “The men were very surprised when they realized this” """ Những người đàn ông rất ngạc nhiên khi họ nhận ra điều này """ +GEN 43 34 nus6 0 But Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as any of his brothers The phrase “five times” can be stated more generally. Alternate translation: “But Benjamin received a portion that was much bigger than what his brothers received” "Cụm từ "" năm lần "" có thể được phát biểu khái quát hơn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nhưng Bên - gia - min đã nhận được phần lớn hơn phần mà các anh em mình nhận được """ +GEN 44 intro r27n 0 # Genesis 44 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Judah’s sacrifice
Judah is willing to sacrifice himself in order to save Benjamin, the favored son of Jacob. Judah’s descendants will become the leaders of the Israelites and the godliest of the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### Joseph’s test

Joseph tests his brothers to see if they are good. They treat their brother Benjamin better than they treated Joseph and tried to protect him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]]) "Sáng thế ký 44 ghi chú chung +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Sự hy sinh của Giu-đa +Giu-đa sẵn sàng hy sinh chính mình để cứu Bên-gia-min, con trai yêu dấu của Gia-cốp. Con cháu của Giu-đa sẽ trở thành những lãnh đạo của dân Y-sơ-ra-ên và là người tin kính nhất trong 12 chi phái Y-sơ-ra-ên. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +Sự thử nghiệm của Giô-sép +Giô-sép thử các anh mình để xem họ có tốt chăng. Họ đối xử với Bên - gia - min tốt hơn là đối xử với Giô - sép và cố gắng bảo vệ chàng." +GEN 44 1 bf9w 0 General Information: This begins a new event in the story. Most likely this is the next morning after the feast. Điều này bắt đầu một sự kiện mới trong câu chuyện. Rất có thể đây là buổi sáng hôm sau sau sau bữa tiệc. +GEN 44 1 nsj3 0 steward of his house The “steward” was responsible for managing Joseph’s household activities. """ Quản gia "" chịu trách nhiệm quản lý công việc nhà Giô - sép." +GEN 44 1 md4j 0 every man’s money Their money was silver coins most likely in a small bag. Tiền của họ là những đồng tiền bạc rất có thể đựng trong một cái túi nhỏ. +GEN 44 1 bx7r 0 in his sack’s opening “in his sack” """ Trong bao. . . """ +GEN 44 2 pgt5 0 Put my cup, the silver cup “Put my silver cup” """ Hãy đặt chén bạc của ta """ +GEN 44 2 in3i figs-ellipsis 0 in the sack’s opening of the youngest The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “in the youngest brother’s sack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ "" anh em "" được hiểu như thế nào. Một bản khác dịch là "" trong bao của người anh em út """ +GEN 44 3 d7pr 0 The morning dawned “The morning light shown” """ Sự sáng ban mai đã chiếu ra """ +GEN 44 3 cwc8 figs-activepassive 0 the men were sent away, they and their donkeys This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they sent the men away, along with their donkeys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ đuổi những người đó đi, cùng với những con lừa của họ """ +GEN 44 4 d17q figs-rquestion 0 Why have you returned evil for good? This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: “You have treated us badly, after we were good to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi này được dùng để trách mắng các anh em. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Các anh đã đối xử tệ với chúng tôi, sau khi chúng tôi đối xử tốt với các anh! """ +GEN 44 5 kx3l figs-rquestion 0 Is this not the cup from which my master drinks, and the cup that he uses for divination? This question is used to scold the brothers. Alternate translation: “You already know that this is the cup that my master uses for drinking and for fortune telling!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Câu hỏi này được dùng để trách mắng các anh em. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Các ngươi đã biết rằng đây là chén mà chủ ta dùng để uống rượu và bói toán! """ +GEN 44 5 am17 figs-parallelism 0 You have done evil, this thing that you have done This repeats “you have done” for emphasis. Alternate translation: “What you have done is very evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Điều này lặp lại "" các ngươi đã làm xong "" để nhấn mạnh. Bản dịch khác dịch: "" Việc anh em đã làm là rất gian ác """ +GEN 44 6 rt6m 0 spoke these words to them “spoke what Joseph told him to say” """ Nói điều Giôsép đã dặn mình nói """ +GEN 44 7 cd44 figs-metonymy 0 Why does my master speak such words as these? Here “words” stands for what was said. The brothers refer to the steward as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “Why are you saying this, my master?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" lời "" tiêu biểu cho những gì đã được nói ra. Các anh em gọi người quản gia là "" chủ tôi "" . Đây là cách nói trịnh trọng với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Điều này có thể được nói ở ngôi thứ hai. Dịch câu này ra là: "" Thưa thầy, tại sao thầy nói như thế? """ +GEN 44 7 zls8 figs-123person 0 Far be it from your servants that they would do such a thing. The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants” and “they.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “We would never do such a thing!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Các anh em tự nhận mình là "" tôi tớ Ngài "" và "" họ "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Chúng tôi sẽ không bao giờ làm như thế! """ +GEN 44 7 uhb8 figs-metaphor 0 Far be it from your servants Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object that person wants to put very far from himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Một điều gì đó mà một người sẽ không bao giờ làm sẽ được nói đến như thể nó là một đối tượng mà người đó muốn đặt rất xa chính mình. +GEN 44 8 mb88 0 Look, the money “Listen to what we are about to say and you will see that we are speaking the truth: the money” """ Hãy lắng nghe những gì chúng tôi sắp nói và bạn sẽ thấy rằng chúng tôi đang nói sự thật: tiền bạc """ +GEN 44 8 z4pq 0 the money that we found in our sacks’ openings “you know the money that we found in our sacks” """ Anh em biết số tiền chúng tôi tìm thấy trong bao mình """ +GEN 44 8 cwc6 0 we brought again to you out of the land of Canaan “we brought back to you from Canaan” """ Chúng tôi đã đem từ Ca - na - an về cho anh em """ +GEN 44 8 zeg7 figs-rquestion 0 How then could we steal out of your master’s house silver or gold? The brothers use a question to emphasize that they would not steal from the lord of Egypt. Alternate translation: “So we would never take anything from your master’s house!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Các anh em dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh rằng họ sẽ không ăn cắp của Chúa Ai Cập. Dịch thay thế: "" Vì vậy, chúng tôi sẽ không bao giờ lấy bất cứ điều gì từ nhà chủ của bạn! """ +GEN 44 8 pbw8 0 silver or gold These words are used together to mean that they would not steal anything of any value. Những từ này được sử dụng cùng với nhau để có nghĩa là họ sẽ không ăn cắp bất cứ điều gì có giá trị. +GEN 44 9 kpk1 figs-123person 0 With whomever of your servants it is found The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the first person. Also, “it is found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If you find that one of us has stolen the cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Các anh em tự nhận mình là "" Tôi tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Có thể nói qua ngôi thứ nhất. Ngoài ra, "" it is found "" có thể được nói ở dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nếu bạn thấy một người trong chúng ta đã ăn cắp cái chén """ +GEN 44 9 g5cd figs-123person 0 we also will be my master’s slaves The phrase “my master” refers to the steward. This can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “you may take us as your slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Nhóm từ "" chủ tôi "" chỉ về người quản gia. Điều này có thể được nói đến ở ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Các ngươi có thể nhận chúng ta làm nô lệ "" ." +GEN 44 10 a2vd 0 Now also let it be according to your words “Very well. I will do what you said.” Here “now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. """ Được thôi. Tôi sẽ làm những gì bạn nói. "" +Ở đây "" bây giờ "" không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng tiếp theo sau đó." +GEN 44 10 abw2 figs-activepassive 0 He with whom the cup is found will be my slave This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If I find the cup in one of your sacks, that person will be my slave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Nếu tôi tìm thấy chén trong bao, người đó sẽ là nô lệ của tôi """ +GEN 44 11 kv7v 0 brought his sack down “lowered his sack” """ Hạ cái bao xuống. """ +GEN 44 12 hf7m figs-ellipsis 0 the oldest…the youngest The word “brother” is understood. Alternate translation: “the oldest brother…the youngest brother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Từ "" anh em "" được hiểu như thế nào. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Người anh cả … người em út """ +GEN 44 12 b5xm figs-activepassive 0 youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack This can be translated as a new sentence and in active form. Alternate translation: “youngest. The steward found the cup in Benjamin’s sack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được dịch là một câu mới và ở dạng chủ động. Dịch luân phiên: "" Con út. Người quản gia tìm thấy cái chén trong bao của Bên-gia-min """ +GEN 44 13 v8rl translate-symaction 0 Then they tore their clothes The word “they” refers to the brothers. Tearing clothes was a sign of great distress and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) "Chữ "" họ "" ám chỉ các anh em. Xé quần áo là dấu hiệu của sự đau khổ và buồn rầu tột cùng." +GEN 44 13 mp1k 0 donkey and returned “donkey, and they returned” """ Lừa, chúng nó bèn trở về """ +GEN 44 14 hjg6 0 He was still there “Joseph was still there” """ Giô - sép vẫn còn ở đó """ +GEN 44 14 ywn1 translate-symaction 0 they bowed before him “they fell before him.” This is a sign of the brothers wanting the lord to be merciful to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) """ Họ ngã trước mặt Ngài. "" +Đây là dấu hiệu các anh em muốn Chúa thương xót họ." +GEN 44 15 v25g figs-rquestion 0 Do you not know that a man like me practices divination? Joseph uses a question to scold his brothers. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that a man like me can learn things by magic!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giô - sép dùng câu hỏi để quở trách các anh. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Chắc chắn anh em biết rằng một người như tôi có thể học được nhiều điều bằng pháp thuật! """ +GEN 44 16 gj3i figs-parallelism 0 What can we say to my master? What can we speak? Or how can we justify ourselves? All 3 questions mean basically the same thing. They use these questions to emphasize that there is nothing they can say to explain what happened. Alternate translation: “We have nothing to say, my master. We cannot speak anything of value. We cannot justify ourselves.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Cả 3 câu hỏi cơ bản đều có nghĩa như nhau. Họ dùng những câu hỏi này để nhấn mạnh rằng họ không thể nói gì để giải thích những gì đã xảy ra. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Chúng tôi không có gì để nói, thưa chủ nhân. Chúng tôi không thể nói điều gì có giá trị. Chúng tôi không thể bào chữa cho mình "" ." +GEN 44 16 hvc6 figs-123person 0 What can we say to my master…my master’s slaves Here “my master” refers to Joseph. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “What can we say to you…your slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" chủ tôi "" ám chỉ Giôsép. Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Điều này có thể được nói ở ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi có thể nói gì với anh em … những đầy tớ của anh em """ +GEN 44 16 uek8 0 God has found out the iniquity of your servants Here “found out” does not mean God just found out what the brothers did. It means God is now punishing them for what they did. Alternate translation: “God is punishing us for our past sins” "Ở đây "" tìm ra "" không có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời chỉ tìm ra những gì các anh em đã làm. Nó có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời hiện đang trừng phạt họ vì những gì họ đã làm. Một cách dịch khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời đang trừng phạt chúng ta vì những tội lỗi trong quá khứ """ +GEN 44 16 bb9u figs-123person 0 the iniquity of your servants The brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “our iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Các anh em tự nhận mình là "" Tôi tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Có thể nói qua ngôi thứ nhất. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Sự gian ác của chúng ta """ +GEN 44 16 ga33 figs-synecdoche 0 he also in whose hand the cup was found Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Also, “was found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one who had your cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Ngoài ra, "" đã được tìm thấy "" có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Đấng đã cầm chén của ngươi """ +GEN 44 17 m8l3 figs-metaphor 0 Far be it from me that I should do so Something that a person would never do is spoken of as if it were an object the person wants put far away from him. Alternate translation: “It is not like me to do something like that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Một điều gì đó mà một người sẽ không bao giờ làm sẽ được nói đến như thể nó là một đối tượng mà người đó muốn đặt ra xa anh ta. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Làm một điều như thế không giống như tôi """ +GEN 44 17 v7cp figs-synecdoche 0 The man in whose hand the cup was found Here “hand” stands for the whole person. Also, “was found” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The man who had my cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" tay "" là viết tắt của toàn bộ con người. Ngoài ra, "" đã được tìm thấy "" có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Người đã cầm cái chén của tôi """ +GEN 44 18 fj99 0 came near to “approached” """ Đến gần """ +GEN 44 18 s63z figs-123person 0 let your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “let me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa tự nhận là "" tôi - tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách nói trang trọng với một người có uy quyền hơn. Điều này có thể được nói qua ngôi thứ nhất. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Để tôi, tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 44 18 px7g figs-synecdoche 0 speak a word in my master’s ears The word “ear” is a synecdoche that stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “speak to you, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Từ ngữ "" tai "" là một phép hoán dụ tượng trưng cho toàn thể con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Thưa thầy, xin hãy phán """ +GEN 44 18 jg84 figs-123person 0 in my master’s ears Here “my master” refers to Joseph. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Ở đây "" chủ tôi "" ám chỉ Giôsép. Đây là cách nói trịnh trọng với một người có uy quyền hơn. Điều này có thể được nói ở ngôi thứ hai. Một bản dịch khác: "" Cho anh em """ +GEN 44 18 awr9 figs-metaphor 0 do not let your anger burn against your servant Being angry is spoke of as if it were a burning fire. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Giận dữ được nói đến như thể nó là một ngọn lửa đang cháy. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Xin đừng giận tôi, tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 44 18 na6r figs-explicit 0 for you are just like Pharaoh Judah compares the master to Pharaoh to emphasize the great power that the master has. He is also implying that he does want the master to become angry and execute him. Alternate translation: “for you are as powerful as Pharaoh and could have your soldiers kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Giu-đa so sánh thầy với Pha-ra-ôn để nhấn mạnh quyền lực lớn lao mà thầy có. Ông cũng ngụ ý rằng ông muốn Chúa nổi giận và hành quyết Ngài. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì bệ hạ có quyền năng như Pha - ra - ôn và có thể sai lính giết tôi "" ." +GEN 44 19 hz8e figs-quotesinquotes 0 My master asked his servants, saying, ‘Do you have a father or a brother?’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “My master asked us if we have a father or a brother.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Chủ tôi hỏi chúng tôi có cha hoặc anh em nào không. """ +GEN 44 19 ky6j figs-123person 0 My master asked his servants Judah refers to Joseph with the words “my master” and “his.” He also refers to himself and his brothers as “his servants.” Alternate translation: “You, my master, asked us, your servants” or “You asked us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu-đa đề cập đến Giô-sép với những từ "" chủ tôi "" và "" chủ tôi "" . Ông cũng đề cập đến chính mình và các anh em của ông là "" Tôi tớ Ngài "" . Dịch luân phiên: "" Ngài, Chủ tôi, hỏi chúng tôi, tôi tớ Ngài "" hay "" Ngài hỏi chúng tôi """ +GEN 44 20 rzw2 0 General Information: Judah continues to speak before Joseph Giu-đa tiếp tục nói trước Giô-sép +GEN 44 20 xks4 figs-quotesinquotes 0 We said to my master, ‘We have a father…his father loves him.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “And we said to my master that we have a father…his father loves him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Và chúng tôi đã nói với chủ tôi rằng chúng tôi có một người cha … Cha của anh ấy yêu anh ấy """ +GEN 44 20 k9ph 0 his father loves him This refers to love for a friend or family member. Điều này ám chỉ tình yêu thương đối với một người bạn hay người trong gia đình. +GEN 44 21 g2ys figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you said to your servants, ‘Bring him down to me that I may see him.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “And you said to your servants that we should bring our youngest brother to you so that you may see him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Và ngươi nói với các tôi tớ ngươi rằng chúng ta nên đưa em út chúng ta đến với ngươi để ngươi có thể thấy nó """ +GEN 44 21 w231 figs-123person 0 Then you said to your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” Alternate translation: “Then you said to us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa gọi ông và các anh em của ông là "" tôi - tớ ông "" . Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vậy, Chúa phán cùng chúng tôi rằng: Tôi - tớ Chúa """ +GEN 44 21 n4pn figs-explicit 0 Bring him down to me It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “Bring him to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập. Một cách dịch khác: "" Hãy đem nó đến cho ta """ +GEN 44 22 t6fz figs-123person 0 we said to my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “we said to you, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu-đa gọi Giô-sép là "" chủ tôi "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với ai đó có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi đã nói với ông, chủ tôi """ +GEN 44 22 bt2u figs-quotesinquotes 0 After that, we said to my master, ‘The boy cannot…father would die.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “In response, we said to my master that the boy cannot…father would die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Để đáp lại, chúng tôi đã nói với chủ nhân của tôi rằng cậu bé không thể … người cha sẽ chết """ +GEN 44 22 jbh3 figs-explicit 0 his father would die It is implied that their father would die from sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Nó ngụ ý rằng cha của họ sẽ chết vì đau buồn. +GEN 44 23 s5na 0 General Information: Judah continues his story to Joseph Giu-đa tiếp tục câu chuyện của mình với Giô-sép +GEN 44 23 i4ft figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then you said to your servants, ‘Unless your youngest brother comes down with you, you will not see my face again.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then you said to your servants that unless our youngest brother comes with us, we would not see you again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Sau đó bạn nói với tôi tớ của bạn rằng trừ khi em trai út của chúng tôi đi với chúng tôi, chúng tôi sẽ không gặp lại bạn nữa "" ." +GEN 44 23 evq7 figs-123person 0 Then you said to your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “Then you said to us, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa gọi ông và các anh em của ông là "" tôi - tớ ông "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có uy quyền lớn hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vậy, Chúa phán cùng chúng tôi rằng: Tôi - tớ Chúa """ +GEN 44 23 vsx5 0 comes down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 44 23 tkh6 figs-synecdoche 0 you will not see my face again Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “you will not see me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mặt "" đứng đối diện với toàn bộ con người. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Anh em sẽ không gặp lại tôi nữa """ +GEN 44 24 yg64 writing-newevent 0 Then it came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 44 24 sjv1 0 we went up to your servant my father It was common to use the phrase “went up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Người ta thường dùng nhóm từ "" đi lên "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ai Cập đến Ca-na-an." +GEN 44 24 j6ab figs-123person 0 we told him the words of my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” Alternate translation: “we told him what you said, my master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu-đa gọi Giô-sép là "" chủ tôi "" . Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Chúng tôi nói với ông những gì ông nói, thưa Chúa """ +GEN 44 25 r9xc figs-quotesinquotes 0 Our father said, ‘Go again, buy us some food.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Our father told us to go again to Egypt to buy food for us and our families.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Cha chúng ta bảo chúng ta đi một lần nữa đến Ai Cập để mua thức ăn cho chúng ta và gia đình chúng ta. """ +GEN 44 26 xf8c 0 go down It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 44 26 uuv6 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Then we said, ‘We cannot go down. If our youngest brother…is with us.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Then we said to him that we cannot go down to Egypt. We told him that if our youngest brother is with us…is with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Vậy chúng ta đã nói với ông ta rằng chúng ta không thể xuống Ai Cập. Chúng tôi nói với ông rằng nếu em trai út của chúng tôi ở với chúng tôi … là ở với chúng tôi """ +GEN 44 26 ka8m figs-synecdoche 0 to see the man’s face Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “to see the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mặt "" đứng đối diện với toàn bộ con người. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Gặp người đàn ông """ +GEN 44 27 uzr7 0 General Information: Judah continues his story to Joseph. Giu-đa tiếp tục câu chuyện của mình với Giô-sép. +GEN 44 27 tq3g 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a three-level quote. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn ba cấp độ. +GEN 44 27 pq3n figs-exclusive 0 said to us Here “us” does not include Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) "Ở đây "" chúng ta "" không bao gồm Giôsép." +GEN 44 27 k115 figs-you 0 You know Here “You” is plural and refers to the brothers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" các ngươi "" là số nhiều và chỉ về các anh em." +GEN 44 28 eym1 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quote that began in verse 27 continues. Câu trích dẫn ba cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 27 tiếp tục. +GEN 44 28 uw3g figs-activepassive 0 he is torn in pieces This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a wild animal has torn him to pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Một con thú dữ đã xé xác nó ra từng mảnh """ +GEN 44 29 vv4v 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quote that began in verse 27 ends here. Câu trích dẫn ba cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 27 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 44 29 c679 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Now if you also take this one from me, and harm comes to him, you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol The three-level quote that began with the words “Your servant…said to us, ‘You know…two sons” in verse 27 and continued with the words “and I said, ‘Surely…since” in verse 28 ends here. You may need to change one or more of these levels to indirect quotes. “This is what your servant my father said to us: ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons. One of them went out from me and I said that surely he had been torn in pieces, and I have not seen him since. Now if you also take this one from me, and harm comes to him, you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol.’” or “Your servant my father told us that we knew that his wife had borne him two sons. One of them went out from him, and he said that surely that son had been torn in pieces, and he has not seen him since. He then said that if we also took this one from him, and harm came to him, we would bring down his gray hair with sorrow to Sheol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Câu trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu bằng những từ "" kẻ tôi tớ Chúa … có nói với chúng tôi rằng: Các ngươi biết … hai con trai … "" trong câu 27 và tiếp tục với những từ "" tôi có nói rằng: chắc thật … vì … "" trong câu 28 kết thúc ở đây. Bạn có thể cần thay đổi một hoặc nhiều cấp độ này thành những câu trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Nầy là điều kẻ tôi tớ Chúa, là cha tôi, đã nói cùng chúng tôi: Chúa biết rằng vợ tôi sanh cho tôi hai con trai. Một đứa đã ra khỏi nhà tôi, và tôi nói rằng: Quả thật nó đã bị thú dữ xé rồi, từ đó chẳng hề thấy lại nữa. Bây giờ, nếu các ngươi cất đứa nầy khỏi ta, mà làm hại cho nó, thì các ngươi sẽ làm cho kẻ tóc bạc nầy đau lòng xót dạ mà xuống âm phủ. Kẻ tôi tớ Chúa, là cha tôi, có nói rằng chúng tôi biết vợ Người đã sanh cho Người Hai Con Trai. Một người trong bọn đó đi ra, nói rằng quả thật, con trai ấy đã bị thú dữ xé rồi, nên từ khi vào nhà không thấy lại. Người lại nói rằng nếu chúng ta bắt được đứa nầy, hành hại nó, thì chúng ta sẽ làm cho kẻ tóc bạc nầy đau lòng xót dạ mà xuống âm phủ "" ." +GEN 44 29 lty3 figs-metaphor 0 harm comes to him Something bad happening to a person is spoken of as if “harm” were something that travels and comes to a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Một điều gì đó tồi tệ xảy ra với một người được nói đến như thể "" tai họa "" là một cái gì đó đi du lịch và đến với một người." +GEN 44 29 vh67 figs-idiom 0 you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed Sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “then you will cause me, an old man, to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Làm cho xuống … âm phủ "" là cách nói rằng họ sẽ làm cho ông phải chết và đi đến âm phủ. Ông sử dụng từ "" xuống "" vì người ta thường tin rằng Sheol nằm ở đâu đó dưới lòng đất. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Bấy giờ Chúa sẽ làm cho tôi, một ông già, chết vì buồn rầu """ +GEN 44 29 ka8u figs-synecdoche 0 my gray hair This stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “me, an old man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Điều này đại diện cho Gia-cốp và nhấn mạnh tuổi già của ông. Dịch lệ: "" Tôi, một ông già """ +GEN 44 30 g959 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 44 30 u459 figs-hypo 0 therefore, when I come Judah begins to describe to Joseph a realistic but hypothetical case of what he will expect will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) Giu-đa bắt đầu mô tả cho Giô-sép một trường hợp thực tế nhưng mang tính giả thuyết về những gì ông mong đợi sẽ xảy ra cho Gia-cốp khi ông trở về mà không có Bên-gia-min. +GEN 44 30 xk9l 0 when I come to your servant Here “come” can be translated as “go” or “return.” "Ở đây "" đến "" có thể được dịch là "" đi "" hay "" trở lại. """ +GEN 44 30 l7ey 0 the lad is not with us “the boy is not with us” """ Thằng bé không đi với chúng ta """ +GEN 44 30 ap7n figs-metaphor 0 since his life is bound up in the boy’s life The father saying he would die if his son died is spoken of as if their two lives were physically bound together. Alternate translation: “since he said he would die if the boy did not come back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Người cha nói rằng ông sẽ chết nếu con trai ông chết được nói đến như thể hai mạng sống của họ bị ràng buộc về thể xác với nhau. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì ông nói rằng ông sẽ chết nếu con trai ông không trở về """ +GEN 44 31 l65e 0 Connecting Statement: Judah finishes describing to Joseph the realistic but hypothetical case that began with the words “therefore, when I come” in verse 30. "Giu-đa kết thúc phần mô tả cho Giô-sép trường hợp thực tế nhưng mang tính giả thuyết bắt đầu với mấy chữ "" vậy, khi tôi đến "" trong câu 30." +GEN 44 31 w4hu figs-hypo 0 sorrow to Sheol Judah finishes describing to Joseph the realistic but hypothetical case that began with the words “therefore, when I come” in verse 30. This is what he expects will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) "Giu-đa kết thúc phần mô tả cho Giô-sép trường hợp thực tế nhưng mang tính giả thuyết bắt đầu với mấy chữ "" vậy, khi tôi đến "" trong câu 30. Đây là những gì ông mong đợi sẽ xảy ra cho Gia-cốp khi ông trở về mà không có Bên-gia-min." +GEN 44 31 um5q figs-hypo 0 it will come about Judah is speaking about a hypothetical case in the future as if it would certainly happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) Giu-đa đang nói về một trường hợp giả định trong tương lai như thể nó chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra. +GEN 44 31 nfb5 figs-idiom 0 Your servants will bring down the gray hair of your servant our father with sorrow to Sheol To “bring down…to Sheol” is way of saying they will cause him to die and go to Sheol. He uses the word “down” because it was commonly believed Sheol is somewhere underground. Alternate translation: “And we will have caused our old father to die of sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) """ Làm cho xuống … âm phủ "" là cách nói rằng họ sẽ làm cho ông phải chết và đi đến âm phủ. Ông sử dụng từ "" xuống "" vì người ta thường tin rằng Sheol nằm ở đâu đó dưới lòng đất. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Và chúng ta sẽ làm cho người cha già của chúng ta chết vì đau buồn """ +GEN 44 31 kn4x figs-123person 0 Your servants Judah refers to himself and his brothers as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “And we, your servants” or “And we” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa gọi ông và các anh em của ông là "" tôi - tớ ông "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có uy quyền lớn hơn. Một cách dịch khác: "" Và chúng tôi, tôi tớ ông "" hoặc "" Và chúng tôi """ +GEN 44 31 sx7q figs-synecdoche 0 the gray hair of your servant our father Here “gray hair” stands for Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Alternate translation: “our old father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tóc bạc "" viết tắt của Gia-cốp và nhấn mạnh tuổi già của ông. Dịch cách khác: "" Cha già của chúng ta """ +GEN 44 32 j35u figs-abstractnouns 0 For your servant became a guarantee for the boy to my father The abstract noun “guarantee” can be stated with the verb “promised.” Alternate translation: “For I promised my father concerning the boy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" bảo lãnh "" có thể được nêu với động từ "" hứa. "" +Dịch giả: "" Vì tôi đã hứa với cha tôi về đứa bé """ +GEN 44 32 uz64 figs-123person 0 For your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “For I, your servant” or “For I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa tự nhận là "" tôi - tớ Ngài "" . Một cách dịch khác là: "" Vì tôi, tôi tớ Ngài "" hoặc "" Vì tôi "" ." +GEN 44 32 ks1n figs-metaphor 0 then I will bear the guilt to my father Being considered guilty is spoken of as if “guilt” were something that a person carries. Alternate translation: “then my father may blame me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Tội lỗi được nói đến như thể "" tội lỗi "" là điều mà một người mang theo. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vậy thì cha tôi có thể trách tôi """ +GEN 44 33 liw2 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 44 33 u7sg figs-123person 0 let your servant Judah refers to himself as “your servant.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “let me, your servant” or “let me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu - đa tự nhận là "" tôi - tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có uy quyền lớn hơn. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Tôi, tôi tớ Chúa "" hoặc "" Tôi """ +GEN 44 33 vk2u figs-123person 0 to my master Judah refers to Joseph as “my master.” Alternate translation: “to you, my master” or “to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giu-đa gọi Giô-sép là "" chủ tôi "" . Một cách dịch khác là "" kính - sợ Chúa """ +GEN 44 33 utg6 0 let the boy go up It was going to use the phrase “go up” when speaking about traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Nó sẽ sử dụng cụm từ "" đi lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca-na-an." +GEN 44 34 p2qk figs-rquestion 0 For how can I go up to my father if the boy is not with me? Judah uses a question to emphasize the grief he would have if Benjamin did not return home. Alternate translation: “I cannot return to my father if the boy is not with me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giu-đa sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh sự đau buồn mà ông sẽ có nếu Bên-gia-min không trở về nhà. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi không thể trở về với cha nếu con trai không ở với tôi "" ." +GEN 44 34 v8ma figs-metaphor 0 I am afraid to see the evil that would come on my father A person suffering terribly is spoken of as if “evil” were a thing that comes upon a person. Alternate translation: “I am afraid to see how much my father would suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Một người đau khổ kinh khủng được nói đến như thể "" điều ác "" là một điều xảy đến cho một người. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi sợ nhìn thấy cha tôi đau khổ đến mức nào "" ." +GEN 45 intro rm1s 0 # Genesis 45 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Joseph finally reveals himself to his brothers in this chapter. This chapter forms the conclusion of the story which began in chapter 43.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s power
The account of Joseph focuses on the power of God. God is able to protect his people despite the evil actions of some. He also is able to continue to bless them despite their circumstances. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Joseph’s character
Genesis just recorded a period of time where Joseph’s ancestors and brothers struggled with sin. Joseph’s character in this chapter is upright. It gained him great favor in the eyes of Pharaoh and helped to save his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]) "Sáng thế ký 45 ghi chú chung +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Giô-sép cuối cùng bày tỏ chính mình cho các anh em của ông trong chương này. Chương nầy hình thành phần kết của câu chuyện bắt đầu ở chương 43. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +QUYỀN NĂNG CỦA ĐỨC CHÚA TRỜI +Câu chuyện Giô-sép tập trung vào quyền năng của Đức Chúa Trời. Đức Chúa Trời có thể che chở dân Ngài bất kể một số hành động gian ác của họ. Ngài cũng có thể tiếp tục ban phước cho họ bất kể hoàn cảnh của họ. Tính cách của Giô - sép +Sáng thế ký chỉ ghi lại một khoảng thời gian tổ phụ và các anh của Giô-sép vật lộn với tội lỗi. Tính cách của Giô-sép trong chương này là ngay thẳng. Nó đã giành được sự ưu ái lớn lao trong mắt Pha-ra-ôn và giúp giải cứu dân sự ông." +GEN 45 1 mrg5 0 could not control himself This means he could not control his emotions. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “was about to start crying” "Điều này có nghĩa là ông không thể kiểm soát được cảm xúc. Nó có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng tích cực. Một bản dịch khác: "" Sắp sửa khóc """ +GEN 45 1 rt15 0 by him “near him” """ Ở gần Ngài """ +GEN 45 2 f3np figs-metonymy 0 house of Pharaoh Here “house” stands for the people in the Pharaoh’s palace. Alternate translation: “everyone in Pharaoh’s palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Tại đây "" nhà "" tượng trưng cho những người trong cung điện Pha-ra-ôn. Một bản khác dịch là "" mỗi người trong cung điện của Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 45 3 kf33 0 shocked in his presence “terrified of him” """ Sợ Ngài """ +GEN 45 4 lxs5 figs-explicit 0 whom you sold into Egypt The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “whom you sold as a slave to the trader who brought me to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể được nói rõ hơn. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Người mà anh em bán làm nô lệ cho nhà buôn đã đem tôi sang Ai Cập """ +GEN 45 5 v699 0 Do not be grieved “do not be upset” or “do not be distressed” """ Chớ buồn - bực "" hoặc "" chớ phiền lòng """ +GEN 45 5 umb9 figs-explicit 0 that you sold me here The meaning can be stated more explicitly. Alternate translation: “that you sold me as a slave and sent me here to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể được nói rõ hơn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Anh em đã bán tôi làm nô lệ và đưa tôi đến Ai Cập """ +GEN 45 5 ir3i figs-metonymy 0 to preserve life Here “life” stands for the people that Joseph saved from dying during the famine. Alternate translation: “so I could save many lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" sự sống "" tiêu biểu cho những người mà Giô-sép đã cứu khỏi chết trong cơn đói kém. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Để tôi có thể cứu được nhiều mạng sống """ +GEN 45 6 zig1 figs-metonymy 0 there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvest “there will be five more years without planting or harvesting.” Here “neither plowing nor harvest” stands for the fact that the crops still will not grow because of the famine. Alternate translation: “and the famine will last five more years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Năm năm nữa sẽ không còn gieo trồng hay thu hoạch gì được. "" +Ở đây "" không cày cấy cũng không gặt hái "" có nghĩa là mùa màng vẫn không tăng trưởng vì nạn đói. Một bản dịch khác: "" Và nạn đói kém sẽ kéo dài thêm năm năm nữa """ +GEN 45 7 jf2m 0 to preserve you as a remnant in the earth “so that you and your families would not completely perish from the earth” or “to make sure your descendants would survive” """ hầu cho ngươi và gia đình ngươi không bị diệt vong hoàn toàn khỏi trái đất "" hoặc "" để chắc chắn rằng con cháu ngươi sẽ sống sót """ +GEN 45 7 t199 figs-abstractnouns 0 to keep you alive by a great deliverance The abstract noun “deliverance” can be stated as “rescuing.” Alternate translation: “to keep you alive by rescuing you in a mighty way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" giải cứu "" có thể được gọi là "" giải cứu "" . Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Để giữ cho anh em sống bằng cách giải cứu anh em một cách mạnh mẽ """ +GEN 45 8 p1lr figs-metaphor 0 he has made me a father to Pharaoh Joseph advising and helping Pharaoh is spoken of as if Joseph were Pharaoh’s father. Alternate translation: “he has made me a guide to Pharaoh” or “he has made me the chief adviser to Pharaoh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Giô - sép khuyên nhủ và giúp đỡ Pha - ra - ôn như thể Giô - sép là cha của Pha - ra - ôn. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Người đã cho tôi làm người dẫn đường cho Pha - ra - ôn "" hoặc "" người lập tôi làm cố vấn chính cho Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 45 8 kca3 figs-metonymy 0 of all his house Here “house” stands for the people who live in his palace. Alternate translation: “of all his household” or “of all his palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" tượng trưng cho những người sống trong cung điện của ông. Dịch lệ: "" Của cả nhà người "" hoặc "" của cả cung điện người """ +GEN 45 8 ca6l figs-metonymy 0 ruler of all the land of Egypt Here “land” stands for the people. Alternate translation: “ruler over all the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" đất "" là viết tắt của dân chúng. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Cai trị toàn thể dân Ai Cập """ +GEN 45 8 lzu8 figs-explicit 0 ruler Here Joseph means that he is ruler in second place to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. This understood information can be made clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Ở đây Giô-sép có ý nói rằng ông là người cai trị ở vị trí thứ hai sau Pha-ra-ôn, vua Ai Cập. Thông tin này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. +GEN 45 9 k6hq 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a three-level quotation. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn ba cấp độ. +GEN 45 9 yy9l 0 go up to my father It was common to use the phrase “go up” when speaking about going from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “go back to my father” "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca-na-an. Có thể dịch là "" trở về cùng Cha "" ." +GEN 45 9 sv9l 0 Come down to me It was common to use the phrase “come down” when speaking about going from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “Come here to me” "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca-na-an đến Ai Cập. Có thể dịch là "" Hãy đến cùng Ta "" ." +GEN 45 10 k7g4 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began in verse 9 continues here. Phần trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu trong câu 9 tiếp tục ở đây. +GEN 45 11 igl7 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began in verse 9 ends here. Trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu trong câu 9 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 45 11 y695 0 I will provide…all that you have The three-level quotation that began with the words “say to him” in verse 9 ends here. You may need to reduce the number of levels by making some levels indirect quotes. “say to him that his son Joseph says that God has made him master of all Egypt, so he must go down to Joseph and not delay. He will live in the land of Goshen, and he will be near Joseph, he and his children and his children’s children, and his flocks and his herds, and all that he has. Joseph will provide for him there, for there are still five years of famine, so that he does not come to poverty, him, his household, and all that he has.” or “say to him, ‘Your son Joseph says that God has made him master of all Egypt, so he must go down to Joseph and not delay. He will live in the land of Goshen, and he will be near Joseph, he and his children and his children’s children, and his flocks and his herds, and all that he has. Joseph will provide for him there, for there are still five years of famine, so that he does not come to poverty, him, his household, and all that he has.’” "Câu trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" hãy thưa cùng Ngài "" trong câu 9 kết thúc ở đây. Có thể bạn cần giảm bớt số cấp bằng cách đưa ra một số cấp trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Hãy nói cùng người rằng con Giô - sép, con trai người, nói rằng Đức Chúa Trời lập người làm chủ cả xứ Ê - díp - tô, nên người phải xuống đến Giô - sép, chớ chậm - trễ. Người sẽ ở tại xứ Gô - sen gần Giô - sép, con cháu người, bầy chiên, bầy bò và các tài - vật của người. Giô sép sẽ cấp dưỡng cho người tại đó; vì còn năm năm đói kém nữa, người, nhà người, và mọi vật thuộc về người đều sẽ bị thiếu thốn. Lại hãy nói rằng: Giô sép, con của cha, nói rằng Ðức Chúa Trời đã lập người làm chủ cả xứ Ê díp tô, nên phải xuống đó với Giô sép, đừng chậm trễ. Người sẽ ở tại xứ Gô sen gần bên Giô sép, con cháu người, bầy chiên, bầy bò cùng các tài vật của người. Giô sép sẽ cấp dưỡng cho người tại đó; vì còn năm năm đói kém nữa, người, nhà người, và mọi vật thuộc về người đều sẽ bị ách mà hao mòn. """ +GEN 45 11 ez8a figs-metaphor 0 come to poverty This speaks about “poverty” as if it were a destination. Alternate translation: “waste away” or “starve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về "" sự nghèo khó "" như thể đó là một đích đến. Dịch lệ: "" Hao mòn "" hay "" chết đói """ +GEN 45 12 xp38 figs-synecdoche 0 your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin The word “eyes” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “All of you and Benjamin can see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Chữ "" mắt "" tiêu biểu cho toàn bộ con người. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tất cả các anh và Bên - gia - min đều thấy """ +GEN 45 12 zli9 figs-synecdoche 0 that it is my mouth that speaks to you The word “mouth” stands for the entire person. Alternate translation: “that I, Joseph, am speaking to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Chữ "" miệng "" tượng trưng cho toàn bộ con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ấy là tôi, Giô - sép, đang nói với anh em """ +GEN 45 13 azs1 0 about all my honor in Egypt “how the people in Egypt greatly honor me” """ Dân Ê - díp - tô rất tôn - kính ta """ +GEN 45 13 s2cn 0 my father down here It was common to use the word “down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. Alternate translation: “my father here to me” "Người ta thường dùng từ "" xuống "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ca - na - an đến Ai Cập. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Cha ta ở đây với ta """ +GEN 45 14 dzy6 0 He hugged his brother Benjamin’s neck and wept, and Benjamin wept on his neck “Joseph hugged his brother Benjamin, and they both wept” """ Giô - sép ôm Bên - gia - min, em mình, mà khóc """ +GEN 45 15 j5kf 0 He kissed all his brothers In ancient Near East, it is common to greet a relative with a kiss. If your language has an affectionate greeting for a relative, use that. If not, use what is appropriate. Ở vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, người ta thường chào hỏi một người bà con bằng một nụ hôn. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có lời chào hỏi trìu mến đối với một người bà con, hãy dùng lời chào đó. Nếu không, hãy dùng những gì thích hợp. +GEN 45 15 ups2 0 wept over them This means Joseph was crying while he kissed them. Điều nầy có nghĩa là Giôsép đang khóc trong khi ông hôn họ. +GEN 45 15 fi2x figs-explicit 0 After that his brothers talked with him Earlier they were too afraid to speak. Now they feel they can speak freely. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “After that his brothers talked freely with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Trước đó họ quá sợ không dám nói chuyện. Bây giờ họ cảm thấy họ có thể nói một cách tự do. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu nói này có thể được làm rõ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Kế đó, anh em nói tự - do với người """ +GEN 45 16 w82u figs-quotesinquotes 0 The news of the matter was told in Pharaoh’s house: “Joseph’s brothers have come.” This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. It may also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone in Pharaoh’s palace heard that Joseph’s brothers had come.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Nó cũng có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mọi người trong cung điện của Pha - ra - ôn đều nghe nói các anh của Giô - sép đã đến "" ." +GEN 45 16 m3aj 0 Pharaoh’s house This stands for Pharaoh’s palace. Cái này tượng trưng cho cung điện của Pharaoh. +GEN 45 17 yz9e 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn hai cấp độ. +GEN 45 18 t6en 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 17 ends here. Lời trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 17 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 45 18 gql9 figs-quotesinquotes 0 Get your father…fat of the land.’ The two-level quotation that began in verse 17 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Pharaoh told Joseph to tell his brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and go to the land of Canaan. Get your father and your households and come to me. I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and you will eat the fat of the land.’” or “Pharaoh to Joseph to tell his brothers to do this: to load their animals and go to the land of Canaan, and also to get their father and their households and go to him. Pharaoh would give them the good of the land of Egypt, and they would eat the fat of the land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Lời trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 17 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Pha-ra-ôn bảo Giô-sép nói với các anh em của ông, ' Hãy làm điều này: chất súc vật của các ngươi lên và đi đến xứ Ca-na-an. Hãy dẫn Cha và người nhà của các ngươi đến gặp ta. Ta sẽ ban vật tốt nhứt trong xứ Ê díp tô cho các ngươi, và các ngươi sẽ ăn mỡ của xứ đó. Pha ra ôn truyền cho Giô sép biểu các anh em mình làm như vầy: Hãy chất súc vật lên, đi đến xứ Ca na an, cùng đem cha và cả nhà người về. Pha ra ôn sẽ ban cho họ sản nghiệp của xứ Ê díp tô, và họ sẽ ăn mỡ của xứ đó." +GEN 45 18 dd6i 0 I will give you the good of the land of Egypt “I will give you the best land in Egypt” """ Ta sẽ ban cho ngươi đất tốt nhất xứ Ê-díp-tô """ +GEN 45 18 hwn3 figs-metaphor 0 you will eat the fat of the land The best food that a land produces is spoken of as if it were the fat portion of the land. Alternate translation: “you will eat the best food in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Lương thực tốt nhất mà một xứ sản xuất được nói đến như thể nó là phần màu mỡ của xứ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Các ngươi sẽ ăn những thức ăn ngon nhất trong xứ "" ." +GEN 45 19 sm78 0 General Information: Pharaoh continues to tell Joseph what to tell his brothers. Pha-ra-ôn tiếp tục bảo Giô-sép điều phải nói với các anh em mình. +GEN 45 19 qce4 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn hai cấp độ. +GEN 45 19 ua9u 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 45 19 t1m6 figs-activepassive 0 you are commanded This can be stated in active form. You may also need to add the words “to tell them,” which the writer left out of this ellipsis. Alternate translation: “I also command you to tell them” or “also tell them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Có lẽ bạn cũng cần thêm những chữ "" nói cho họ biết "" mà người viết đã bỏ sót. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta cũng truyền cho ngươi nói với họ "" hoặc "" Cũng nói với họ """ +GEN 45 19 n72f 0 take carts out “Carts” are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. """ Xe bò "" là những chiếc xe ngựa có hai hoặc bốn bánh. Súc vật kéo xe bò." +GEN 45 20 sdl7 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. Lời trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu từ câu 19 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 45 20 v1pm figs-quotesinquotes 0 Do not be concerned about your possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours.’ The two-level quote that began in verse 19 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Now you are commanded to tell them to take carts out of the land of Egypt for their children and for their wives, to get their father, and to come. They are not to be concerned about their possessions, for the good of all the land of Egypt will be theirs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Lời trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu từ câu 19 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Bây giờ bạn được lệnh bảo họ đưa xe ngựa ra khỏi vùng đất Ai Cập cho con cái và vợ của họ, để có được cha của họ, và đến. Chúng nó sẽ không lo về của - cải mình nữa, vì cả xứ Ê - díp - tô sẽ thuộc về chúng nó "" ." +GEN 45 21 xs2g 0 gave them provisions for the journey “gave them what they needed for traveling” """ Cho họ những gì họ cần để đi """ +GEN 45 22 g75s figs-explicit 0 he gave each man changes of clothing Each man received a set of clothes except for Benjamin who received 5 sets of clothes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Mỗi người nhận được một bộ quần áo trừ Benjamin người nhận được 5 bộ quần áo. +GEN 45 22 p9qe translate-numbers 0 three hundred pieces “300 pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 300 mảnh """ +GEN 45 23 rt4v figs-explicit 0 ten donkeys…and ten female donkeys The donkeys were included as part of the gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Những con lừa được bao gồm như là một phần của món quà. +GEN 45 24 idu3 0 do not quarrel Possible meanings include (1) “do not argue” and (2) “do not become afraid” "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ bao gồm ( 1 ) "" chớ cãi lẫy "" và ( 2 ) "" chớ sợ chi """ +GEN 45 25 wlf6 0 went up out of Egypt It was common to use the word “up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Người ta thường dùng chữ "" lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca - na - an." +GEN 45 26 z3lq figs-metonymy 0 he is ruler over all the land of Egypt Here “land of Egypt” stands for the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “he rules all the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" xứ Ê-díp-tô "" tiêu biểu cho dân Ê-đôm. Một cách dịch khác: "" Ngài cai trị cả dân Ê - díp - tô """ +GEN 45 26 ry8a figs-synecdoche 0 His heart was astonished Here “heart” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “and he was astonished” or “he was very surprised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" tấm lòng "" đại diện cho toàn bộ con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Và ông ta ngạc nhiên "" hoặc "" Ông ta rất ngạc nhiên """ +GEN 45 26 vye7 0 he could not believe what they told him “he did not accept that what they said was true” """ Ngài không chấp nhận rằng những gì họ nói là sự thật """ +GEN 45 27 mhh3 0 They told him “They told Jacob” """ Họ nói với Giacốp """ +GEN 45 27 sa3u 0 all the words of Joseph that he had said to them “everything that Joseph had said to them” """ Mọi điều Giô - sép đã nói """ +GEN 45 27 w59p figs-synecdoche 0 the spirit of Jacob their father revived The word “spirit” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Jacob their father recovered” or “Jacob their father became very excited” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Chữ "" Thánh Linh "" tiêu biểu cho toàn thể con người. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Gia - cốp cha họ được bình phục "" hoặc "" Gia - cốp cha họ rất vui mừng """ +GEN 46 intro x4fu 0 # Genesis 46 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Going to Egypt
Yahweh allowed Israel to go to Egypt. He was to trust in Yahweh and his covenant faithfulness. God continued to bless them in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])

### Shepherds

Because of the regular flooding of the Nile River, Egypt’s economy revolved around farming more than raising animals. Therefore, the Egyptians despised the nomadic lifestyle of shepherds. Joseph’s instructions permitted the Hebrew people to live separately from the Egyptians. "Sáng thế ký 46 ghi chú +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Đi đến Ai Cập +Đức Giê-hô-va cho phép Y-sơ-ra-ên đi đến Ai-cập. Ông phải tin cậy nơi Đức Giê-hô-va và sự thành tín giao ước của Ngài. Đức Chúa Trời tiếp tục ban phước cho họ tại Ai-cập. Người chăn chiên +Do nạn lụt thường xuyên của sông Nile, nền kinh tế Ai Cập xoay quanh việc canh tác nhiều hơn là chăn nuôi súc vật. Vì thế, người Ai Cập khinh thường lối sống du mục của người chăn chiên. Những chỉ thị của Giô - sép cho phép người Hê - bơ - rơ sống tách biệt với người Ai Cập." +GEN 46 1 wwd6 0 went to Beersheba “came to Beersheba” """ Đến Bê - e - sê - ba """ +GEN 46 2 kz9s 0 Here I am “Yes, I am listening” """ Phải, tôi đang nghe đây """ +GEN 46 3 cmw1 0 to go down to Egypt It was common to use the phrase “go down” when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt. "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi xuống "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ca-na-an đến Ai Cập." +GEN 46 3 p7pd figs-you 0 I will make you a great nation The “you” is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob refers to his descendants that will become a large nation. Alternate translation: “I will give you many descendants, and they will become a great nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Động từ "" ngươi "" ở số ít và chỉ về Gia-cốp. Ở đây Gia-cốp chỉ về con cháu ông sẽ trở thành một dân tộc lớn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ ban cho ngươi nhiều con cháu, và chúng nó sẽ thành một dân lớn "" ." +GEN 46 4 swu1 0 into Egypt “to Egypt” """ Đến Ai Cập """ +GEN 46 4 iy6p figs-you 0 I will surely bring you up again The promise was made to Jacob, but the promise would be fulfilled to all of Israel’s descendants. Alternate translation: “I will surely bring your descendants out of Egypt again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Lời hứa được lập với Gia-cốp, nhưng lời hứa sẽ được ứng nghiệm cho tất cả con cháu Y-sơ-ra-ên. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ đem dòng dõi ngươi ra khỏi Ai Cập "" ." +GEN 46 4 fyu6 0 bring you up again It was common to use the word “up” when speaking about traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Người ta thường dùng chữ "" lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca - na - an." +GEN 46 4 ai3x figs-idiom 0 Joseph will close your eyes with his own hand The phrase “close you eyes with his own hand” is a way of saying that Joseph will be present when Israel dies and it will be Joseph who will close Jacob’s eyelids at the time of his death. Alternate translation: “Joseph will even be present with you at the time of your death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Nhóm từ "" hãy nhắm mắt lại bằng chính tay Ngài "" là một cách nói rằng Giô-sép sẽ có mặt khi Y-sơ-ra-ên qua đời và chính Giô-sép sẽ là người sẽ vuốt mắt Gia-cốp vào lúc ông qua đời. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Giô-sép sẽ hiện diện với ngươi khi ngươi qua đời """ +GEN 46 4 tf56 figs-explicit 0 will close your eyes It was a custom to pull down the eyelids when a person died with their eyes open. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Đó là một thói quen để kéo mí mắt xuống khi một người chết với đôi mắt mở to. Ý nghĩa đầy đủ của câu này có thể được làm sáng tỏ. +GEN 46 5 x9d6 0 rose up from “set out from” """ Bắt đầu từ """ +GEN 46 5 ajk2 0 in the carts “Carts” are wagons with two or four wheels. Animals pull the carts. See how you translated “carts” in [Genesis 45:19](../45/19.md). """ Xe bò "" là những chiếc xe ngựa có hai hoặc bốn bánh. Súc vật kéo xe bò. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" xe - cộ "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 45: 19 ] ." +GEN 46 6 vyr2 0 they had accumulated “they had acquired” or “they had gained” """ Họ đã đạt được "" hoặc "" họ đã đạt được """ +GEN 46 7 ej4h 0 He brought with him “Jacob brought with him” """ Gia-cốp đem theo """ +GEN 46 7 ebv8 0 his sons’ sons “his grandsons” """ Các cháu nội """ +GEN 46 7 t8ch 0 his sons’ daughters “his granddaughters” """ Các cháu của ông """ +GEN 46 8 fk8r 0 These were the names This refers to the names of the people that the author is about to list. Điều này ám chỉ đến tên của những người mà tác giả sắp liệt kê ra. +GEN 46 8 q7m9 0 of the children of Israel “of Israel’s family members” """ Về dòng - dõi Y-sơ-ra-ên """ +GEN 46 9 t2t8 translate-names 0 Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 10 k7n8 translate-names 0 Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 11 w95q translate-names 0 Gershon, Kohath, and Merari These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 12 da1j 0 Er, Onan, Shelah These were the sons of Judah by his wife, Shua. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 38:3-5](../38/03.md). Ấy là các con trai của Giu - đa cùng vợ mình là Su - a. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch những tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 3 - 5 ] . +GEN 46 12 ez5z 0 Perez, and Zerah These were the sons of Judah by his daughter-in-law, Tamar. See how you translated these names in [Genesis 38:29-30](../38/29.md). Ấy đó là những con trai Giu đa, cháu Ta ma của con dâu Giu đa. Hãy xem cách ông dịch những tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 38: 29 - 30 ] . +GEN 46 12 lq9w translate-names 0 Hezron…Hamul These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 13 fpn8 translate-names 0 Tola, Puah, Lob…Shimron These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 14 irx9 translate-names 0 Sered, Elon…Jahleel These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 15 qn3g translate-names 0 Dinah This is the name of Leah’s daughter. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 30:21](../30/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên con gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 30: 21 ] . +GEN 46 15 qz75 translate-numbers 0 His sons and his daughters numbered thirty-three Here “sons” and “daughters” refer to Jacob’s sons, daughters, and grandchildren related to Leah. Alternate translation: “Altogether he had 33 sons, daughters, and grandchildren” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Ở đây "" con trai "" và "" con gái "" nói đến các con trai, con gái và cháu của Gia-cốp có họ hàng với Lê-a. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ông có tổng cộng 33 con trai, con gái và cháu nội """ +GEN 46 16 w97z translate-names 0 Zephon, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi…Areli These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 17 zz1x translate-names 0 Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi…Beriah…Heber…Malkiel These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 17 awy7 translate-names 0 Serah This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một phụ nữ. +GEN 46 18 bi7q translate-names 0 Zilpah This is the name of Leah’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:24](../29/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của người hầu gái của Leah. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 24 ] . +GEN 46 18 d1ie translate-numbers 0 These sons she bore to Jacob—sixteen in all This refers to 16 children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren that were related to Zilpah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Điều này nói đến 16 người con, cháu và chắt có họ hàng với Xinh-ba. +GEN 46 20 gd14 translate-names 0 Asenath a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Một cái tên phụ nữ. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] . +GEN 46 20 au9x translate-names 0 Potiphera a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Tên một người đàn ông. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] . +GEN 46 20 g9su translate-names 0 priest of On On is a city, also called Heliopolis, which was “the City of the Sun” and the center of worship of the sun god Ra. See how you translated this in [Genesis 41:45](../41/45.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "On là một thành phố, cũng được gọi là Heliopolis, là "" thành phố của mặt trời "" và là trung tâm thờ thần mặt trời ra. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 41: 45 ] ." +GEN 46 21 w67p translate-names 0 Bela, Beker, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 22 t8z2 translate-numbers 0 fourteen in all This refers to the 14 sons and grandsons related to Rachel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Điều này đề cập đến 14 người con trai và cháu trai liên quan đến Ra - chên. +GEN 46 23 gq68 translate-names 0 Hushim This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. +GEN 46 24 pij4 translate-names 0 Jahziel, Guni, Jezer…Shillem These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của những người đàn ông. +GEN 46 25 d3s4 translate-names 0 Bilhah This is the name of Rachel’s female servant. See how you translated this name in [Genesis 29:29](../29/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên người đầy tớ gái của Ra-chên. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 29: 29 ] . +GEN 46 25 x6pw translate-numbers 0 seven in all This refers to the 7 children and grandchildren related to Bilhah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) Điều này đề cập đến 7 người con và cháu có liên quan đến Bi-la. +GEN 46 26 k6c4 translate-numbers 0 sixty-six “66” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "66 """ +GEN 46 27 pe1k translate-numbers 0 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 70 """ +GEN 46 28 af76 0 to show the way before him to Goshen “to show them the way to Goshen” """ Chỉ cho chúng đường đến Gô-sen """ +GEN 46 29 nna1 figs-metonymy 0 Joseph prepared his chariot and went up Here “Joseph” stands for his servants. Alternate translation: “Joseph’s servants prepared his chariot and Joseph went up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Giôsép "" viết tắt cho các tôi tớ của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Các tôi tớ của Giô - sép thắng xe và Giô - sép đi lên """ +GEN 46 29 r3s4 0 went up to meet Israel The phrase “went up” is used because Joseph is traveling to a higher elevation to meet his father. Alternate translation: “went to meet Israel” "Nhóm từ "" đi lên "" được sử dụng vì Giô-sép đang đi đến một nơi cao hơn để gặp cha mình. Dịch cách khác: "" Đi lên để gặp Y-sơ-ra-ên """ +GEN 46 29 ju8s 0 hugged his neck, and wept on his neck a long time “put his arms around his father, and wept for a long time” """ Vòng tay ôm lấy cha và khóc một hồi lâu """ +GEN 46 30 wty1 0 Now let me die “Now I am ready to die” or “Now I will die happy” ♪ Now I am ready to die ♪ ♪ now I will die happy ♪ +GEN 46 30 b5zk figs-synecdoche 0 since I have seen your face, that you are still alive Here “face” stands for the entire person. Jacob was expressing joy at seeing Joseph. Alternate translation: “since I have seen you alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mặt "" tiêu biểu cho toàn bộ con người. Gia-cốp bày tỏ sự vui mừng khi gặp Giô-sép. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì Ta đã thấy ngươi sống lại """ +GEN 46 31 k2gt 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn hai cấp độ. +GEN 46 31 nvk6 figs-metonymy 0 his father’s house Here “house” stands for his family. Alternate translation: “his father’s family” or “his father’s household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" nhà "" là viết tắt của gia đình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Gia đình của cha "" hoặc "" Người nhà của cha """ +GEN 46 31 n1ch 0 I will go up and tell Pharaoh It was common to use the phrase “go up” when referring to someone going to speak with someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “I will go tell Pharaoh” "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" lên "" khi nói về một người sắp nói chuyện với người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi sẽ đi tâu cùng Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 46 32 j12e 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 31 ends here. Câu trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 31 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 46 32 vgd7 figs-quotesinquotes 0 The men are shepherds…all that they have The two-level quotation that began with the words “I will go up” in verse 31 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “I will go up and tell Pharaoh and say that my brothers and my father’s house, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me. I will tell him that the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of livestock, and that they have brought their flocks, their herds, and all that they have.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Trích dẫn hai cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" Ta sẽ đi lên "" trong câu 31 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là một câu trích dẫn trong một câu trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Tôi sẽ đi lên và nói với Pha-ra-ôn rằng anh em tôi và nhà của cha tôi, những người đã ở xứ Ca-na-an, đã đến với tôi. Tôi sẽ tâu rằng: Ấy vì hai người đó làm nghề chăn chiên, nuôi bầy súc - vật; có dẫn theo hết bầy chiên, bò và các tài vật của mình "" ." +GEN 46 33 j1xj 0 Connecting Statement: This is the beginning of a two-level quotation. Đây là khởi đầu của một trích dẫn hai cấp độ. +GEN 46 33 ef4p 0 It will come about This phrase is used here to mark an important event that is about to happen in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự kiện quan trọng sắp xảy ra trong câu chuyện. Nếu ngôn ngữ của bạn có cách để làm điều này, bạn có thể xem xét việc sử dụng nó ở đây. +GEN 46 34 nwi4 0 Connecting Statement: The two-level quotation that began in verse 33 ends here. Lời trích dẫn hai cấp độ bắt đầu trong câu 33 kết thúc ở đây. +GEN 46 34 c7ig figs-quotesinquotes 0 you should say, ‘Your servants have been keepers of livestock from our youth until now, both we, and our forefathers.’ The two-level quotation that began with the words “when Pharaoh…asks” in verse 33 ends here. This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. “when Pharaoh…asks what your occupation is, that you should say that you have been keepers of livestock from your youth until now, both you and your forefathers. Do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Câu trích dẫn hai cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" khi Pha-ra-ôn … hỏi "" trong câu 33 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là một câu trích dẫn trong một câu trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Khi Pharaoh … hỏi nghề nghiệp của ngươi là gì, ngươi nên trả lời rằng ngươi đã chăn nuôi gia súc từ khi còn nhỏ cho đến bây giờ, cả ngươi và tổ tiên của ngươi. Hãy làm điều này """ +GEN 46 34 q7bk figs-123person 0 Your servants Joseph’s family are to refer to themselves as “your servants” when they speak to Pharaoh. This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “We, your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Gia đình Giô - sép phải gọi mình là "" quần - thần "" khi nói chuyện với Pha - ra - ôn. Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Có thể nói như thế qua ngôi thứ nhất. Một bản dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi, là tôi tớ Ngài """ +GEN 46 34 ic29 figs-abstractnouns 0 every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians The abstract noun “abomination” can be translated with the adjective “disgusting.” Alternate translation: “Egyptians think shepherds are disgusting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự gớm ghiếc "" có thể được dịch bằng tính từ "" gớm ghiếc "" . Dịch thay thế: "" Người Ai Cập nghĩ người chăn cừu là ghê tởm """ +GEN 47 intro ep9j 0 # Genesis 47 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abrahamic covenant
Part of the Abrahamic covenant was that Yahweh would bless those who bless Abraham’s descendants. Since Pharaoh cared for the Hebrew people, Yahweh blessed the Egyptians while the Hebrew people lived in Egypt. The Hebrew people also multiplied greatly as this covenant promised. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])

### Jacob was not buried in Egypt
In the ancient Near east, a person was typically buried in their hometown. Since Egypt was not the Israelites’ home, Jacob did not wish to be buried in Egypt. This was a lesson to the Israelites that Canaan was their true home, the promised land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]]) "Genesis 47 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Giao ước Áp-ra-ham +Một phần của giao ước Áp-ra-ham là Đức Giê-hô-va sẽ chúc phước cho những ai chúc phước cho dòng dõi của Áp-ra-ham. Kể từ khi Pha-ra-ôn chăm sóc cho dân Hê-bơ-rơ, Đức Giê-hô-va đã chúc phước cho người Ai-cập trong khi dân Hê-bơ-rơ sống tại Ai-cập. Dân tộc Hê-bơ-rơ cũng nhân lên rất nhiều như giao ước này đã hứa. Gia-cốp không được chôn cất tại Ai-cập +Trong vùng Cận Đông cổ đại, một người thường được chôn cất tại quê hương của họ. Vì Ai Cập không phải là quê hương của dân Y - sơ - ra - ên, Gia - cốp không muốn được chôn cất tại Ai Cập. Đây là một bài học cho dân Y - sơ - ra - ên rằng xứ Ca - na - an thật sự là quê hương của họ, tức Đất Hứa." +GEN 47 1 lup6 figs-events 0 Joseph went in and told Pharaoh It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULT implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UST states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) Không rõ liệu Joseph có đi cùng với cha và gia đình từ Canaan đến Goshen và sau đó một mình từ Goshen để gặp Pharaoh, trở lại Goshen cho năm người anh em của mình, và sau đó trở lại với Pharaoh, như Conlt ngụ ý, hoặc liệu ông có mang theo năm người anh em lần đầu tiên ông đi từ Goshen đến Pharaoh, như Ust tuyên bố. +GEN 47 2 p3cm figs-events 0 He took five of his brothers and introduced them It is not clear whether Joseph went with his father and family from Canaan to Goshen and then alone from Goshen to see the Pharaoh, back to Goshen for his five brothers, and then back to Pharaoh, as the ULT implies, or whether he brought the five brothers with him the first time he went from Goshen to Pharaoh, as the UST states. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) Không rõ liệu Joseph có đi cùng với cha và gia đình từ Canaan đến Goshen và sau đó một mình từ Goshen để gặp Pharaoh, trở lại Goshen cho năm người anh em của mình, và sau đó trở lại với Pharaoh, như Conlt ngụ ý, hoặc liệu ông có mang theo năm người anh em lần đầu tiên ông đi từ Goshen đến Pharaoh, như Ust tuyên bố. +GEN 47 3 k8ea 0 Your servants are shepherds “Your servants shepherd flocks” """ Các tôi - tớ Chúa chăn bầy """ +GEN 47 3 ybw3 figs-123person 0 Your servants Joseph’s brothers refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with more authority. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “We, your servants” or “We” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Các anh của Giô - sép tự nhận mình là "" tôi - tớ Ngài "" . Đây là cách chính thức để nói với một người có uy quyền hơn. Điều này có thể được nói qua ngôi thứ nhất. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi, là tôi tớ của Chúa "" hoặc "" Chúng tôi """ +GEN 47 3 acn2 0 as our ancestors “both we and our forefathers” or “both we and our ancestors” """ Cả chúng ta và tổ tiên chúng ta "" hay "" cả chúng ta và tổ tiên chúng ta """ +GEN 47 4 a2nh 0 We come as temporary residents in the land “We have come to stay for a while in Egypt” """ Chúng tôi đến ở nhờ một thời gian tại Ai Cập """ +GEN 47 4 ehv5 0 There is no pasture “There is no grass to eat” """ Chẳng có cỏ để ăn """ +GEN 47 4 s7ih 0 now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 47 6 c9gx 0 The land of Egypt is before you “The land of Egypt is open to you” or “All of the land of Egypt is available to you” """ Đất Ê - díp - tô mở rộng cho ngươi "" hoặc "" cả xứ Ê - díp - tô dành cho ngươi """ +GEN 47 6 ur7y 0 Settle your father and your brothers in the best region, the land of Goshen “Settle your father and your brothers in the land of Goshen, which is the best region” """ Hãy cho cha và anh em con ở tại xứ Gô - sen, là xứ tốt nhứt """ +GEN 47 6 u42c figs-explicit 0 If you know any capable men among them It is implied that they are capable of taking care of animals. Alternate translation: “If you know of any men among them who have great skill taking care of animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Ngụ ý rằng chúng có khả năng chăm sóc động vật. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nếu anh em biết trong vòng họ có ai có tài chăm sóc thú vật """ +GEN 47 7 s3k5 0 Jacob blessed Pharaoh Here “blessed” means to express a desire for positive and beneficial things to happen to that person. "Ở đây "" được phước "" có nghĩa là bày tỏ một sự khao khát về những điều tích cực và ích lợi xảy đến cho người đó." +GEN 47 8 wx65 0 How long have you lived? “How old are you?” """ Anh bao nhiêu tuổi? """ +GEN 47 9 vqc7 translate-numbers 0 The years of my travels are a hundred and thirty The phrase “years of my travels” refers to how long he has lived on the earth traveling from one place to another. Alternate translation: “I have traveled on the earth for 130 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) "Cụm từ "" năm tháng du hành của tôi "" ám chỉ quãng thời gian Ngài đã sống trên đất đi từ nơi này đến nơi khác. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tôi đã du hành trên đất 130 năm """ +GEN 47 9 tu4s 0 The years of my life have been few…not been as long as those of my ancestors Jacob means his life is short compared to the lives of Abraham and Isaac. Gia-cốp có nghĩa là cuộc đời của ông ngắn ngủi so với cuộc đời của Áp-ra-ham và Y-sác. +GEN 47 9 ak8x 0 painful Jacob has experienced much pain and trouble during his life. Giacốp đã kinh nghiệm nhiều đau đớn và rắc rối trong suốt cuộc đời mình. +GEN 47 11 mzq5 0 Then Joseph settled his father and his brothers “Then Joseph took care of his father and his brothers and helped them establish where they would live” """ Rồi Giô-sép chăm sóc cha và các anh mình và giúp họ thiết lập nơi họ sẽ sống """ +GEN 47 11 qaf9 translate-names 0 the land of Rameses This is another name for the land of Goshen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác cho xứ Gôsen. +GEN 47 12 jgf9 0 according to the number of their dependents Here, the word “dependents” means the small children in the family. Alternate translation: “according to how many small children were in their families” "Ở đây, từ ngữ "" những người lệ thuộc "" có nghĩa là những đứa con nhỏ trong gia đình. Một bản dịch khác: "" Tùy theo số con nhỏ trong gia đình """ +GEN 47 13 yc6d 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story. Từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu một chỗ đứt đoạn trong dòng câu chuyện chính. Ở đây tác giả bắt đầu kể một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 47 13 kw4v figs-metonymy 0 The land of Egypt and the land of Canaan This refers to the people living in these lands. Alternate translation: “The people of Egypt and the people of Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Điều này ám chỉ những người sống trong những xứ này. Một bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Dân Ai Cập và dân Ca - na - an """ +GEN 47 13 gtx9 0 wasted away “became thin and weak” """ Trở nên gầy yếu """ +GEN 47 14 a79v 0 Joseph gathered all the money that was in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan, by selling grain to the inhabitants “The people of Egypt and Canaan spent all of their money buying grain from Joseph” """ Dân Ê - díp - tô và Ca - na - an đều đem hết tiền ra mua lúa của Giô - sép """ +GEN 47 14 u1kv figs-metonymy 0 Joseph gathered…Joseph brought Most likely Joseph ordered his servants to gather and bring the money. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Rất có thể Giô - sép ra lệnh cho các đầy tớ gom góp và đem tiền đến. +GEN 47 15 z2fn figs-metonymy 0 When all the money of the lands of Egypt and Canaan was spent Here “lands” stands for the people who live in the lands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When the people of Egypt and Canaan used up all their money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) """ Những vùng đất "" ở đây là viết tắt của những người sống ở vùng đất. Điều này có thể nói dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khi dân Ê - díp - tô và Ca - na - an đã dùng hết tiền bạc """ +GEN 47 15 qiu6 0 of the lands of Egypt and Canaan “from the land of Egypt and from the land of Canaan” """ Từ xứ Ê - díp - tô và xứ Ca - na - an """ +GEN 47 15 p8d8 figs-rquestion 0 Why should we die in your presence because our money is gone? The people used a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please, do not let us die because we have used up all of our money!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Dân sự đã dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh họ đang tuyệt vọng đến mức nào để mua thức ăn. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch là một lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Xin đừng để chúng tôi chết vì chúng tôi đã dùng hết tiền của mình! """ +GEN 47 17 f7im figs-synecdoche 0 He fed them with bread Here “bread” stands for food in general. Alternate translation: “He gave them food” or “He provided them with food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" bánh mì "" là viết tắt của lương thực nói chung. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Ngài ban đồ ăn cho họ "" hoặc "" Ngài cung cấp đồ ăn cho họ """ +GEN 47 18 l3sq 0 they came to him “the people came to Joseph” """ Dân chúng đến cùng Giô - sép """ +GEN 47 18 q8xj figs-123person 0 We will not hide from my master The people refer to Joseph as “my master.” This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “We will not hide from you, our master” or “We will not hide from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Dân chúng gọi Giô-sép là "" chủ tôi "" . Đây là cách nói chính thức với một người có thẩm quyền lớn hơn. Điều này có thể được nói ở ngôi thứ hai. Một cách dịch khác: "" Chúng tôi sẽ không trốn tránh Ngài, Chủ của chúng tôi "" hoặc "" Chúng tôi sẽ không trốn tránh Ngài """ +GEN 47 18 vl3p figs-metonymy 0 There is nothing left in the sight of my master Here “sight” stands for Joseph himself. Alternate translation: “We have nothing left to give you, our master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" sự hiện thấy "" tiêu biểu cho chính Giôsép. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Chúng tôi không còn gì để dâng cho Chúa nữa """ +GEN 47 19 alz2 figs-metonymy 0 Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? The word “eyes” refers to Joseph’s sight. The people use a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please do not just watch as we die and our land is ruined!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Chữ "" mắt "" ám chỉ đến cái nhìn của Giô-sép. Người ta dùng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh họ muốn mua thực phẩm đến mức nào. Câu hỏi này có thể được dịch là lời tuyên bố. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Xin đừng chỉ đứng nhìn chúng tôi chết và xứ chúng tôi bị tàn phá! """ +GEN 47 19 xwc1 figs-metaphor 0 Why should we die…both we and our land "The land becomes useless and ruined because there is no seed to plant; thus it is spoken of as if the land would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])" "Đất trở nên vô dụng và bị phá hủy bởi vì không có hạt giống để gieo trồng; do đó nó được nói đến như thể đất sẽ chết." +GEN 47 20 m6pl 0 In this way, the land became Pharaoh’s “So the land became Pharaoh’s” """ Vậy, xứ thuộc về Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 47 22 my2p 0 It was only the land of the priests that Joseph did not buy “But he did not buy the land of the priests” """ Nhưng Ngài không mua ruộng của các thầy tế lễ """ +GEN 47 22 n3w1 figs-activepassive 0 the priests were given an allowance An “allowance” is an amount of money or food that someone regularly gives to another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh gave the priests a certain amount of food each day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) """ Tiền tiêu vặt "" là số tiền hay thức ăn mà một người nào đó thường xuyên đưa cho người khác. Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Một bản dịch khác: "" Pha - ra - ôn ban cho các quần thần một lượng thực phẩm nhất định mỗi ngày """ +GEN 47 22 c3vq 0 They ate from the allotment which Pharaoh gave them “They ate from what Pharaoh gave them” """ Họ ăn những gì Pha - ra - ôn ban cho """ +GEN 47 23 g4ki 0 and you will plant “that you might sow” """ Để gieo giống """ +GEN 47 24 m3xp translate-fraction 0 At the harvest, you must give a fifth to Pharaoh, and four parts will be your own The word “fifth” is a fraction. Alternate translation: “At harvest time you will divide the crops into five parts. You will give one part back to Pharaoh for payment and the four parts are for your own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]]) "Từ "" thứ năm "" là một phân số. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Đến mùa gặt, các ngươi sẽ chia mùa màng thành năm phần. Ngươi sẽ trả lại cho Pha - ra - ôn một phần, còn bốn phần kia để riêng phần ngươi "" ." +GEN 47 24 qd1p figs-ellipsis 0 for food for your households and your children You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “for food for your households and for food for your children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Bạn có thể nói rõ ràng những thông tin đã được hiểu. Một bản dịch khác: "" Vì thức ăn cho gia đình và vì thức ăn cho con cái """ +GEN 47 25 m8l5 figs-idiom 0 May we find favor in your eyes The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “May you be pleased with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" được ơn "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc sự phán xét. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Cầu xin Chúa hài lòng về chúng tôi """ +GEN 47 26 rb65 0 in the land of Egypt “over the land of Egypt” or “throughout the land of Egypt” """ Trên khắp xứ Ê-díp-tô "" hay "" khắp cả xứ Ê-díp-tô """ +GEN 47 26 k76z 0 to this day This means to the time that the author was writing this. Điều này có nghĩa là đến thời điểm mà tác giả đang viết điều này. +GEN 47 26 e9nv 0 one-fifth See how you translated “a fifth” in [Genesis 47:24](../47/24.md). "Hãy xem cách bạn dịch "" một phần năm "" trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 47: 24 ] ." +GEN 47 27 w2lx figs-doublet 0 They were fruitful and multiplied greatly The word “multiplied” explains how they were “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “They had very many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) "Từ "" thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách họ "" sanh bông - trái "" . Một bản dịch khác: "" Họ có rất nhiều con cái """ +GEN 47 27 jw6i figs-idiom 0 were fruitful Here “fruitful” means to prosper or to have children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" sanh bông trái "" có nghĩa là thịnh vượng hoặc có con cái." +GEN 47 28 d2ji translate-numbers 0 seventeen years “17 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 17 năm """ +GEN 47 28 cq8w translate-numbers 0 so the years of Jacob’s life were one hundred forty-seven years “so Jacob lived to be 147 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Gia - cốp hưởng thọ được 147 tuổi """ +GEN 47 29 h7ri figs-metaphor 0 When the time approached for Israel to die This speaks about time as if it travels and comes to a place. Alternate translation: “When it was almost time for Israel to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Điều này nói về thời gian như thể nó di chuyển và đến một nơi nào đó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Khi gần đến lúc dân Y - sơ - ra - ên phải chết """ +GEN 47 29 p6yl figs-metonymy 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes Here “eyes” is a metonym for sight, and “sight” stands for thoughts or opinions. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If I have pleased you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây "" mắt "" là hoán dụ chỉ thị giác, và "" thị giác "" là đại diện cho tư tưởng hay ý kiến. Có thể dịch là: "" Nếu tôi được lòng anh em "" hoặc "" Nếu tôi làm anh em vui lòng "" ." +GEN 47 29 zwh5 0 now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 47 29 utx5 figs-idiom 0 found favor This means that someone is approved of by someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Điều này có nghĩa là ai đó được người khác chấp nhận. +GEN 47 29 sfx8 translate-symaction 0 put your hand under my thigh This act is a sign of making a serious promise. See how you translated this in [Genesis 24:2](../24/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Hành động này là dấu hiệu của việc đưa ra một lời hứa nghiêm túc. Hãy xem bạn đã dịch lời hứa này như thế nào [ Sáng - thế Ký 24: 2 ] . +GEN 47 29 a37l figs-abstractnouns 0 show me faithfulness and trustworthiness The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “treat me in a faithful and trustworthy manner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự thành tín "" và "" sự đáng tin cậy "" có thể được dịch là tính từ. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Đối xử với tôi một cách trung tín và đáng tin cậy """ +GEN 47 29 u82i 0 Please do not bury me in Egypt The word “please” adds emphasis to this request. "Từ "" làm ơn "" thêm phần nhấn mạnh vào lời thỉnh cầu này." +GEN 47 30 mbz5 figs-euphemism 0 When I sleep with my fathers Here “sleep” is a polite way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: “When I die and join my family members who died before me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ở đây "" ngủ "" là một cách nói lịch sự ám chỉ đến sự chết. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Khi tôi chết, được sum vầy với những người thân đã chết trước tôi """ +GEN 47 31 pw9e 0 Swear to me “Promise me” or “Make an oath to me” """ Hãy hứa cùng ta "" hay "" Hãy thề với ta """ +GEN 47 31 p35p 0 swore to him “promised him” or “made an oath to him” """ Đã hứa cùng Ngài "" hoặc "" Đã thề cùng Ngài """ +GEN 48 intro sm2c 0 # Genesis 48 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 48:15-16, and in 58:20.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Blessing
The blessing of Jacob is given to Joseph, and his sons Manasseh and Ephraim. It is probably distinct from inheriting the promises Yahweh gave to Abraham because Scripture talks about all of Israel’s descendants inheriting those promises. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]]) "Genesis 48 General Notes +Structure and Formatting +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với thơ trong 48: 15 - 16, và trong 58: 20. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +LỜI CHÚC PHƯỚC +Phước hạnh của Gia-cốp được ban cho Giô-sép cùng các con trai ông là Ma-na-se và Ép-ra-im. Có lẽ nó khác biệt với việc thừa hưởng những lời hứa mà Đức Giê-hô-va đã ban cho Áp-ra-ham bởi vì Kinh Thánh nói về tất cả các hậu tự của Y-sơ-ra-ên đều thừa hưởng những lời hứa đó." +GEN 48 1 fzl8 writing-newevent 0 It came about This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) Cụm từ này được dùng ở đây để đánh dấu sự khởi đầu của một phần mới của câu chuyện. +GEN 48 1 th1g 0 one said to Joseph “someone said to Joseph” """ Có người nói cùng Giô-sép rằng """ +GEN 48 1 ncd4 0 Look, your father “Listen, your father.” Here the word “look” is used to get Joseph’s attention. """ Nghe này, cha của con. "" +Ở đây từ ngữ "" nhìn "" được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý của Giôsép." +GEN 48 1 haa1 0 So he took “So Joseph took” """ Vậy Giô-sép lấy """ +GEN 48 2 jt59 figs-activepassive 0 When Jacob was told This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone told Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Khi có người nói với Gia - cốp """ +GEN 48 2 q2vl 0 your son Joseph has arrived to see you “your son Joseph has come to you” """ Con trai Giô - sép của cha đã đến cùng cha """ +GEN 48 2 pyg7 figs-metaphor 0 Israel gathered strength and sat up in bed Here the author speaks of Israel struggling to sit up in bed as if he were gathering “strength” as someone gathers actual things. Alternate translation: “Israel made a great effort to sit up in bed” or “Israel struggled as he sat up in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây, tác giả nói về việc Y-sơ-ra-ên vật lộn để ngồi dậy trên giường như thể ông đang thu thập "" sức mạnh "" khi ai đó thu thập những điều thực tế. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Y-sơ-ra-ên đã nỗ lực rất nhiều để ngồi dậy trên giường "" hoặc "" Y-sơ-ra-ên đã vật lộn khi ngồi dậy trên giường "" ." +GEN 48 3 fs4l translate-names 0 Luz This is the name of a city. See how you translated the name of this city in [Genesis 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của một thành phố. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên của thành phố này trong Sáng - thế Ký 28: 19. +GEN 48 3 p7zc 0 in the land of Canaan. He blessed me This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place. Alternate translation: “in the land of Canaan, and he blessed me” "Điều này có thể được dịch với câu mới bắt đầu ở một chỗ khác. Có thể dịch là: "" Trong xứ Ca - na - an, và Ngài đã ban phước cho tôi """ +GEN 48 3 ctg7 0 blessed This refers to God pronouncing a formal blessing on someone. Điều này đề cập đến việc Đức Chúa Trời chúc phước cho ai đó. +GEN 48 4 llq8 0 and said to me This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place. Alternate translation: “And he said to me” "Điều này có thể được dịch với câu mới bắt đầu ở một chỗ khác. Bản diễn ý dịch: "" Và Ngài phán với tôi """ +GEN 48 4 a6k7 figs-quotesinquotes 0 said to me, ‘Behold, I will make you fruitful, and multiply you. I will make of you an assembly of nations. I will give this land to your descendants as an everlasting possession.’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “said to me that he would make me fruitful and multiply me. And, he said that he would make me an assembly of nations and he would give this land to my descendants as an everlasting possession.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Đã nói với tôi rằng Ngài sẽ làm cho tôi sinh sản và nhân bội tôi. Và Ngài phán rằng Ngài sẽ lập tôi thành một hội các nước và Ngài sẽ ban xứ này cho con cháu tôi làm sản nghiệp đời đời "" ." +GEN 48 4 j6vg 0 Behold God used the word “behold” here to alert Jacob to pay attention to what he was about to tell him. "Đức Chúa Trời đã sử dụng từ "" nầy "" ở đây để cảnh báo Giacốp phải chú ý đến những gì ông sắp sửa nói với ông." +GEN 48 4 j6ua figs-doublet 0 I will make you fruitful, and multiply you The phrase “multiply you” explains how God would make Jacob “fruitful.” Alternate translation: “I will give you very many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Nhóm từ "" ngươi sẽ thêm nhiều "" giải thích cách Đức Chúa Trời sẽ làm cho Gia-cốp "" sanh sản "" . Cách dịch thay thế: "" Ta sẽ ban cho ngươi rất nhiều con cháu """ +GEN 48 4 u2iy figs-metonymy 0 I will make of you an assembly of nations Here “you” refers to Jacob, but it stands for Jacob’s descendants. Alternate translation: “I will make your descendants into many nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" ngươi "" ám chỉ Gia-cốp, nhưng nó tượng trưng cho dòng dõi của Gia-cốp. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Ta sẽ làm cho dòng dõi ngươi thành nhiều nước """ +GEN 48 4 nwj2 0 an everlasting possession “a permanent possession” """ Một vật sở hữu vĩnh viễn """ +GEN 48 5 xs2x 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 48 5 y3v7 0 Ephraim and Manasseh will be mine Ephraim and Manasseh each will receive a portion of land just like Joseph’s brothers. Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se mỗi người sẽ nhận lãnh một phần đất giống như các anh của Giô-sép. +GEN 48 6 a5iu 0 they will be listed under the names of their brothers in their inheritance Possible meanings are (1) the rest of Joseph’s children would inherit land as part of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh or (2) Joseph will be given separate land from Ephraim and Manasseh and Joseph’s other children will inherit that land. Alternate translation: “as for their inheritance, you will list them under the names of their brothers” "Những ý nghĩa có thể có là: ( 1 ) Những người con khác của Giô-sép sẽ nhận được đất đai như là một phần của các chi phái Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se hoặc ( 2 ) Giô-sép sẽ được ban cho đất đai riêng biệt từ Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se và những người con khác của Giô-sép sẽ nhận được đất đai đó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Về phần sản nghiệp của họ, ông sẽ liệt kê họ dưới tên của các anh em họ """ +GEN 48 7 kg2u 0 Ephrath This is another name for the town of Bethlehem. See how you translated the name of this city in [Genesis 35:16](../35/16.md). Đây là một cái tên khác của thị trấn Bethlehem. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên của thành này [ Sáng - thế Ký 35: 16 ] . +GEN 48 8 drw1 0 Whose are these? “Whose sons are these?” """ Những đứa con này của ai? """ +GEN 48 9 dr78 0 bless A father would often pronounce a formal blessing on his children or grandchildren. Người cha thường chính thức chúc phúc cho con hoặc cháu của mình. +GEN 48 10 k75z writing-background 0 Now Israel’s eyes…could not see The word “Now” is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) "Từ "" bây giờ "" được sử dụng ở đây để đánh dấu một sự thay đổi từ câu chuyện sang thông tin nền tảng về Israel." +GEN 48 10 t7x3 0 he kissed them “Israel kissed them” """ Y - sơ - ra - ên hôn họ """ +GEN 48 11 jtm9 figs-synecdoche 0 to see your face again Here “face” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “to see you again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" mặt "" đứng đối diện với toàn bộ con người. Một bản khác dịch là "" gặp lại anh em """ +GEN 48 12 ne7g translate-symaction 0 between Israel’s knees When Joseph placed his sons on Israel’s lap or knees it was a sign that Israel was adopting them. This gave the children special inheritance rights from Jacob. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Khi Giô-sép đặt các con trai mình vào lòng hoặc đầu gối của Y-sơ-ra-ên, đó là một dấu hiệu cho thấy Y-sơ-ra-ên đang nhận họ làm con nuôi. Điều này đem lại cho các con quyền thừa kế đặc biệt từ Gia-cốp. +GEN 48 12 sca4 translate-symaction 0 then he bowed with his face to the earth Joseph bowed down to show honor to his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Giô - sép cúi xuống để tỏ lòng tôn kính cha. +GEN 48 13 fgl8 translate-symaction 0 Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s right hand Joseph places the boys so that Israel will put his right hand on Manasseh. Manasseh was the oldest brother and the right hand was the sign he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Giô-sép đặt các con trai mình để Y-sơ-ra-ên đặt tay hữu mình trên Ma-na-se. Ma-na-se là người anh cả và tay phải là dấu hiệu ông sẽ nhận được phước lớn hơn. +GEN 48 14 fm1u translate-symaction 0 his right hand and laid it upon Ephraim’s head Placing the right hand on Ephraim’s head was the sign that he would receive the greater blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Đặt tay phải trên đầu Ép-ra-im là dấu hiệu ông sẽ nhận lãnh ơn phước lớn hơn. +GEN 48 15 g5ng figs-synecdoche 0 Israel blessed Joseph Here “Joseph” also stands for Ephraim and Manasseh. Since Joseph is the father, he is the only one mentioned here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" Giô-sép "" cũng có nghĩa là Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se. Vì Giô-sép là cha, ông là người duy nhất được đề cập ở đây." +GEN 48 15 nw5z figs-metaphor 0 The God before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked Serving God is spoken of as if it were walking before God. Alternate translation: “The God who my grandfather Abraham and father Isaac served” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Hầu việc Đức Chúa Trời được nói đến như thể đang bước đi trước mặt Đức Chúa Trời. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời mà ông Áp - ra - ham và cha Y - sác của tôi đã phụng sự """ +GEN 48 15 r9ve figs-explicit 0 who has cared for me God has taken care of Israel like a shepherd takes care of his sheep. Alternate translation: “who has cared for me like a shepherd cares for his animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Đức Chúa Trời đã chăm sóc Y-sơ-ra-ên như người chăn chăm sóc bầy chiên của mình. Bản dịch khác: "" Ai đã chăm sóc tôi như người chăn chăm sóc bầy súc vật của mình """ +GEN 48 16 hs6i 0 the angel Possible meanings are (1) this refers to the angel that God sent to protect Jacob or (2) this refers to God who appeared in angel form to protect Jacob. Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) điều này ám chỉ vị thiên sứ mà Đức Chúa Trời sai đến để bảo vệ Giacốp hoặc ( 2 ) điều này ám chỉ Đức Chúa Trời đã hiện ra trong hình thức thiên sứ để bảo vệ Giacốp. +GEN 48 16 i8qg 0 protected me “delivered me” """ Đã giải cứu tôi """ +GEN 48 16 dd6n figs-metonymy 0 May my name be named in them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac Here “name” stands for the person. The phrase “my name be named in them” is an idiom that means a person is remembered because of another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May people remember Abraham, Isaac, and me because of Ephraim and Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Ở đây "" tên "" viết tắt của người. Cụm từ "" tên ta sẽ được đặt trong họ "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là một người được ghi nhớ vì một người khác. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Nguyện người ta nhớ đến Áp - ra - ham, Y - sác và tôi vì Ép - ra - im và Ma - na - se """ +GEN 48 16 tm7y figs-metonymy 0 May they grow into a multitude on the earth Here “they” refers to Ephraim and Manasseh, but it stands for their descendants. Alternate translation: “May they have many descendants who will live all over the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" họ "" chỉ về Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se, nhưng nó chỉ về dòng dõi của họ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Mong sao họ có nhiều con cháu sẽ sống khắp nơi trên đất "" ." +GEN 48 18 bj69 translate-symaction 0 Put your right hand upon his head The right hand was the sign of the greater blessing which the oldest son was supposed to receive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Bàn tay phải là dấu hiệu của ơn phước lớn hơn mà con trưởng nam được cho là sẽ nhận lãnh. +GEN 48 19 utt2 figs-metonymy 0 He also will become a people, and he also will be great Here “He” refers to Manasseh, but it stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “Your older son will have many descendants, and they will become a great people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" ông "" ám chỉ Ma-na-se, nhưng nó tượng trưng cho con cháu ông. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Con trai lớn của ngươi sẽ có nhiều con cháu, và chúng nó sẽ thành một dân lớn "" ." +GEN 48 20 bb6k 0 that day with these words “that day, saying” """ Ngày đó, có tiếng phán rằng """ +GEN 48 20 ip5g 0 The people of Israel will pronounce blessings by your names saying “The people of Israel will speak your names when they are blessing others” """ Dân Y - sơ - ra - ên sẽ nói danh các ngươi khi chúc phước cho nhau """ +GEN 48 20 vs1f figs-quotesinquotes 0 by your names saying, ‘May God make you like Ephraim and like Manasseh’ This is a quotation within a quotation. It can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “by your names. They will ask God to make others like Ephraim and like Manasseh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là một trích dẫn trong một trích dẫn. Nó có thể được nêu như một trích dẫn gián tiếp. Dịch thay thế: "" Bằng tên của bạn. Họ sẽ cầu xin Đức Chúa Trời làm cho người khác giống như Ép-ra-im và Ma-na-se """ +GEN 48 20 aaz4 0 like Ephraim and like Manasseh Israel saying Ephraim’s name first is another way he indicates that Ephraim will be greater than Manasseh. Y-sơ-ra-ên gọi tên Ép-ra-im trước là một cách khác mà ông chỉ ra rằng Ép-ra-im sẽ lớn hơn Ma-na-se. +GEN 48 20 py5z figs-metaphor 0 Israel put Ephraim before Manasseh Giving Ephraim the greater blessing and making him more important than Manasseh is spoken of as if Israel physically put Ephraim in front of Manasseh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Việc ban cho Ép-ra-im phước hạnh lớn hơn và khiến ông trở nên quan trọng hơn Ma-na-se được nói đến như thể Y-sơ-ra-ên đặt Ép-ra-im trước Ma-na-se. +GEN 48 21 vk8j figs-you 0 will be with you…bring you back…your fathers Here “you” and “your” are plural and refer to all the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" các ngươi "" và "" các ngươi "" là số nhiều và ám chỉ toàn thể dân Y-sơ-ra-ên." +GEN 48 21 p9kl figs-idiom 0 will be with you This is an idiom that means God will help and bless the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “God will help you” or “God will bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là Đức Chúa Trời sẽ giúp đỡ và ban phước cho dân Y-sơ-ra-ên. Dịch cách khác: "" Đức Chúa Trời sẽ giúp đỡ bạn "" hoặc "" Đức Chúa Trời sẽ ban phước cho bạn """ +GEN 48 21 ild4 figs-go 0 will bring you back Here “bring” can be translated as “take.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) "Ở đây từ "" đem "" có thể được dịch là "" mang lấy. """ +GEN 48 21 w4x7 0 land of your fathers “land of your ancestors” """ Xứ của tổ phụ các ngươi """ +GEN 48 22 m9zy figs-metaphor 0 To you, as one who is above your brothers, I give to you the mountain slope Possible meanings are (1) Joseph having more honor and authority than his brothers is spoken of as if he were physically above them. Alternate translation: “To you, who is greater than your brothers, I give the mountain slope” or (2) Jacob means he is giving more land to Joseph than he is giving to Joseph’s brothers. Alternate translation: “To you, I give one more ridge than I give your brothers. I give to you the mountain slope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) Giô - sép được tôn trọng và có uy quyền hơn các anh mình, như thể ông cao hơn họ về thể chất. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ta ban cho các anh một mô đất dốc hơn mô đất của các anh các anh "" hoặc ( 2 ) Gia - cốp có nghĩa là ông ban cho Giô - sép nhiều đất đai hơn là các anh của Giô - sép. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Ta ban cho các anh một mô đất cao hơn các anh của các anh của các anh. Ta ban cho ngươi triền núi "" ." +GEN 48 22 e2r2 figs-you 0 To you Here “you” is singular and refers to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) "Ở đây "" các anh "" là số ít và đề cập đến Giô-sép." +GEN 48 22 q143 figs-metonymy 0 the mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bow Here “sword” and “bow” stands for fighting in battle. Alternate translation: “the portion of land I fought for and took from the Amorites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" gươm "" và "" cung "" có nghĩa là chiến đấu trong chiến trận. Dịch lệ: "" Ta đã vì đất mình đánh giặc, và đã đoạt lấy của dân A - mô - rít """ +GEN 49 intro lp3i 0 # Genesis 49 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 49:1-27.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Prophecies
These statements made by Jacob to his sons are probably prophecies. These prophecies are concerned with the descendants of each of Jacob’s sons who would become the twelve tribes of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “The scepter will not depart from Judah”
This prophecy indicates Judah will be the ruling tribe of Israel. The future kings of Israel all come from the tribe of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

### “I buried Leah”
Since Moses wrote the book of Genesis, this is an editorial comment he makes in the text as the narrator. "Sáng thế ký 49 ghi chú chung +Cấu trúc và định dạng +Một số bản dịch đặt mỗi dòng thơ xa hơn về bên phải so với phần còn lại của bản văn để làm cho dễ đọc hơn. Conlt làm điều này với phần thơ trong 49: 1 - 27. Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +NHỮNG LỜI TIÊN TRI +Những lời tuyên bố này của Gia-cốp cho các con trai ông có lẽ là những lời tiên tri. Những lời tiên tri này liên quan đến con cháu của mỗi con trai Gia-cốp, những người sẽ trở thành mười hai chi phái Y-sơ-ra-ên. Những khó khăn khả dĩ khác về dịch thuật trong chương này +"" Cây phủ việt chẳng hề dời khỏi Giu-đa "" +Lời tiên tri này cho thấy Giu-đa sẽ là chi phái cai trị Y-sơ-ra-ên. Các vua tương lai của Y-sơ-ra-ên đều xuất thân từ chi phái Giu-đa. "" Ta đã chôn Lê-a "" +Vì Môi-se đã viết sách Sáng thế ký, đây là một lời nhận xét của người biên tập trong bản văn với tư cách người kể chuyện." +GEN 49 1 zs4v writing-poetry 0 General Information: This begins Jacob’s final blessings to his sons. This continues through [Genesis 49:27](../49/27.md). Jacob’s blessings are written in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]) Điều này bắt đầu lời chúc phước sau cùng của Gia-cốp cho các con trai ông. Điều này tiếp tục cho đến hết [ Sáng - thế Ký 49: 27 ] . Jacob ' s blessings are written in poetry form. +GEN 49 2 n3y4 figs-parallelism 0 Assemble yourselves and listen, you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father Both sentences say the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: “Come and listen carefully to your father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Cả hai câu đều nói cùng một điều để nhấn mạnh. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Hãy đến và cẩn thận lắng nghe Cha của Con """ +GEN 49 2 j4es figs-123person 0 you sons of Jacob. Listen to Israel, your father Jacob is referring to himself in the third person. It can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “my sons. Listen to me, your father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Giacốp đang đề cập tới chính mình trong ngôi thứ ba. Điều này có thể được nói qua ngôi thứ nhất. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Các con tôi. Hãy nghe Ta, Cha các con """ +GEN 49 3 n7ub figs-parallelism 0 my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength The phrases “my firstborn, my might” and “the beginning of my strength” mean the same thing. The words “might” and “strength” stand for Jacob’s ability to produce children. The words “firstborn” and “beginning” mean that Reuben is his first child. Alternate translation: “my first child after I became a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Những cụm từ "" con trưởng nam của ta, sức mạnh của ta "" và "" khởi đầu sức mạnh của ta "" có cùng ý nghĩa. Những từ "" sức mạnh "" và "" sức mạnh "" đại diện cho khả năng sinh sản của Gia-cốp. Những từ "" trưởng nam "" và "" khởi đầu "" có nghĩa là Ru-bên là con đầu lòng của ông. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Con đầu lòng của tôi sau khi tôi trở thành một người đàn ông """ +GEN 49 3 s34g 0 outstanding in dignity, and outstanding in power This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “You are first in honor and power” or “You surpass everyone else in honor and power” "Điều này có thể được nêu là một câu mới. Dịch giả: "" Bạn là người đầu tiên trong vinh dự và quyền lực "" hoặc "" Bạn vượt lên trên mọi người khác trong vinh dự và quyền lực """ +GEN 49 4 ch7w figs-simile 0 Uncontrollable as rushing water Jacob compares Reuben to water in a strong current to emphasize that he cannot control his anger and he is not stable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) Gia-cốp so sánh Ru-bên với nước trong một dòng chảy mạnh để nhấn mạnh rằng ông không thể kiểm soát cơn giận của mình và ông không ổn định. +GEN 49 4 n314 0 you will not have the preeminence “you shall not be first among your brothers” """ Ngươi chớ làm đầu trong anh em mình """ +GEN 49 4 cbc3 figs-metonymy 0 "because you went up to your father’s bed. Then you defiled it; you went up to my couch" Here “bed” and “couch” stand for Jacob’s concubine, Bilhah. Jacob is referring to when Reuben slept with Bilhah ([Genesis 35:22](../35/22.md)). Alternate translation: “because you went to my bed and slept with Bilhah my concubine. You have shamed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" giường "" và "" ghế "" tượng trưng cho vợ lẽ của Gia-cốp, Bi-la. Gia - cốp muốn nói đến lúc Ru - bên ngủ với Bi - la ( [ Sáng - thế Ký 35: 22 ] ) . Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Vì anh lên giường tôi và ngủ với bi - la, vợ lẽ tôi. Ông đã làm nhục tôi "" ." +GEN 49 4 r7nh figs-parallelism 0 you went up to your father’s bed…you went up to my couch Both statements mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Cả hai câu đều có nghĩa như nhau. +GEN 49 5 lxj9 0 Simeon and Levi are brothers This does not just mean they are brothers by birth. Jacob is emphasizing that they worked together to kill the people of Shechem. Điều này không chỉ có nghĩa họ là anh em ruột. Gia-cốp đang nhấn mạnh rằng họ đã làm việc cùng nhau để giết dân Si-chem. +GEN 49 5 xhz7 0 Weapons of violence are their swords “They use their swords to hurt and to kill people” """ Họ dùng gươm giáo để làm tổn thương và giết người """ +GEN 49 6 p25e figs-synecdoche 0 O my soul…my heart Jacob uses the words “soul” and “heart” to refer to himself and is saying that other people, and perhaps God also, honor him so much that he does not wish to join with those who make plans to do evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Gia-cốp sử dụng từ "" linh hồn "" và "" tấm lòng "" để nói về chính mình và đang nói rằng những người khác, và có lẽ Đức Chúa Trời cũng vậy, tôn vinh Ngài rất nhiều đến nỗi Ngài không muốn dự phần với những người lập kế hoạch để làm điều ác." +GEN 49 6 dh2g figs-parallelism 0 "do not come into their council; do not join in their meetings" These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Jacob combines them to emphasize that he does not want to participate in their wicked plans. Alternate translation: “I certainly will not join with them to make any plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Hai cụm từ này về cơ bản có nghĩa như nhau. Gia-cốp kết hợp chúng để nhấn mạnh rằng ông không muốn dự phần vào những kế hoạch gian ác của họ. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Tôi sẽ không cùng họ lập kế hoạch nào cả """ +GEN 49 6 mfx3 0 they hamstrung oxen This refers to Simeon and Levi crippling oxen just for fun. Điều này nói đến Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi làm què bò chỉ để cho vui. +GEN 49 6 m9vp 0 hamstrung This refers to cutting the sinews of an animal’s leg so that it cannot walk. Điều này ám chỉ đến việc cắt gân chân của một con vật để nó không thể đi được. +GEN 49 7 t851 figs-metaphor 0 May their anger be cursed, for it was fierce—and their fury, for it was cruel God cursing Simeon and Levi is spoken of as if God were cursing their anger and fury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Lord says, ‘I will curse them because of their fierce anger and their cruel fury” or “I, the Lord, will curse them because of their fierce anger and their cruel fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Đức Chúa Trời rủa sả Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi được nói đến như thể Đức Chúa Trời đang rủa sả cơn giận và sự thịnh nộ của họ. Điều này có thể được nói dưới dạng chủ động. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Đức Giê-hô-va phán: ' Ta sẽ rủa sả chúng nó vì cơn giận dữ và cơn thịnh nộ tàn bạo của chúng nó "" hoặc "" Ta, Đức Giê-hô-va, sẽ rủa sả chúng nó vì cơn giận dữ và cơn thịnh nộ tàn bạo của chúng nó """ +GEN 49 7 e2ns 0 May their anger be cursed In prophecy, the prophet will often speak the words of God as if God himself were speaking. This emphasizes how closely united the prophet and God are. Trong lời tiên tri, nhà tiên tri sẽ thường xuyên nói ra những lời của Đức Chúa Trời như thể chính Đức Chúa Trời đang phán. Điều này nhấn mạnh sự kết hợp chặt chẽ giữa nhà tiên tri và Đức Chúa Trời. +GEN 49 7 vx1u figs-ellipsis 0 their fury, for it was cruel The words “I will curse” are understood. Alternate translation: “I will curse their fury, for it was cruel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) "Những chữ "" Ta sẽ rủa sả "" đều được hiểu. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Ta sẽ rủa sả cơn giận của chúng nó, vì đó là sự tàn bạo """ +GEN 49 7 bl42 figs-metonymy 0 I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel The word “I” refers to God. The word “them” refers to Simeon and Levi but they are a metonym standing for their descendants. The words “Jacob” and “Israel” are a metonym standing for all people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will divide their descendants and scatter them among all the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) "Chữ "" tôi "" ám chỉ Đức Chúa Trời. Chữ "" họ "" chỉ về Si-mê-ôn và Lê-vi nhưng họ là một hoán dụ chỉ về con cháu họ. Những từ "" Gia-cốp "" và "" Y-sơ-ra-ên "" là một hoán dụ tượng trưng cho tất cả dân Y-sơ-ra-ên. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ta sẽ phân rẽ dòng dõi họ và làm tản lạc họ giữa vòng dân Y-sơ-ra-ên "" ." +GEN 49 8 lk4j figs-parallelism 0 your brothers will praise you…Your father’s sons will bow down before you These two statements mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) Hai câu nói này có cùng một ý nghĩa. +GEN 49 8 n457 grammar-connect-words-phrases 0 will praise you. Your hand The second sentence states the reason for the first sentence. This can be made clear with “for” or “because.” Alternate translation: “will praise you. For your hand” or “will praise you because your hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) "Câu thứ hai nêu lý do của câu thứ nhất. Điều này có thể được làm rõ với "" vì "" hoặc "" bởi vì. "" +Dịch thay thế: "" Sẽ ngợi khen bạn. Vì tay ngươi "" hoặc "" sẽ khen ngợi ngươi vì tay ngươi """ +GEN 49 8 al75 figs-idiom 0 Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies This is a way of saying “You will conquer your enemies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là cách nói "" Bạn sẽ chinh phục được kẻ thù "" ." +GEN 49 8 yjj7 translate-symaction 0 bow down This means to bend over to humbly express respect and honor toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Điều này có nghĩa là cúi xuống khiêm nhường bày tỏ lòng tôn kính đối với một người nào đó. +GEN 49 9 f58g figs-metaphor 0 Judah is a lion’s cub Jacob speaks about Judah as if he were a lion’s cub. Jacob is emphasizing Judah’s strength. Alternate translation: “Judah is like a young lion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia-cốp nói về Giu-đa như thể ông là một con sư tử con. Gia-cốp đang nhấn mạnh sức mạnh của Giu-đa. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Giu-đa giống như một con sư tử non """ +GEN 49 9 hzl6 0 My son, you have gone up from your victims “You, my son, have come back from eating your prey” """ Hỡi con, hãy thôi ăn thịt con mồi đi """ +GEN 49 9 tf4l figs-simile 0 like a lioness Jacob also compares Judah to a female lion. The lioness is the primary hunter and protector of her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) Gia-cốp cũng so sánh Giu-đa với một con sư tử cái. Sư tử cái là thợ săn chính và là kẻ bảo vệ đàn con của nó. +GEN 49 9 xsu7 figs-rquestion 0 Who would dare to awaken him? Jacob uses a question to emphasize how terrifying Judah is to other people. Alternate translation: “No one wants to wake him up.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Gia-cốp sử dụng một câu hỏi để nhấn mạnh Giu-đa đáng sợ như thế nào đối với những người khác. Một cách dịch khác: "" Không ai muốn đánh thức ông "" ." +GEN 49 10 eev8 figs-metonymy 0 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet The “scepter” and the “staff” are long decorated sticks that kings carried. Here they are metonymies that stand for the power to rule. And, “Judah” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The power to rule will always be with the descendants of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) """ Quyền trượng "" và "" gậy "" là những cây gậy dài có trang trí mà các vua mang theo. Ở đây họ là những hoán dụ đại diện cho quyền lực cai trị. Và "" Giu - đa "" tượng trưng cho con cháu của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Quyền cai trị sẽ luôn ở cùng dòng dõi Giu - đa """ +GEN 49 10 p8q1 0 until Shiloh comes. The nations will obey him Possible meanings are (1) “Shiloh” means “tribute.” Alternate translation: “until the nations obey him and bring him tribute” or (2) “Shiloh” refers to the city of Shiloh. Alternate translation: “until the ruler comes to Shiloh. Then the nations will obey him” Many people consider this a prophecy about the Messiah, who is a descendant of King David. David is a descendant of Judah. "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ là ( 1 ) "" Shiloh "" nghĩa là "" cống nạp. "" +Một cách dịch khác là: "" Cho đến khi các nước vâng phục Ngài và dâng cống vật cho Ngài "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" Si - lô "" ám chỉ thành Si - lô. Một cách dịch khác: "" Cho đến khi Đấng cai trị đến Si - lô. thì các nước sẽ vâng phục Ngài "" nhiều người xem đây là lời tiên tri về Đấng Mê - si, một người thuộc dòng dõi Vua Đa - vít. Đa - vít là con cháu của Giu - đa." +GEN 49 10 i8y2 figs-metonymy 0 The nations will obey him Here “nations” refer to the people. Alternate translation: “The people of the nations will obey him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" các dân tộc "" ám chỉ các dân. Một bản dịch khác dịch là "" các dân ngoại sẽ vâng phục Ngài "" ." +GEN 49 11 bgs1 figs-parallelism 0 Binding his donkey…to the choice vine Both statements mean the same thing. It is implied that the vines are so full of grapes that the master does not mind that his donkey eats some of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Cả hai câu đều có nghĩa như nhau. Điều này ám chỉ rằng cây nho đầy nho đến độ người chủ không phiền lòng khi con lừa của mình ăn một số trong đó. +GEN 49 11 h3ji 0 his…he Possible meanings for all occurrences of “his” or “he” are (1) they refer to Judah’s descendants. Alternate translation: “their…they” or (2) they refer to the ruler in [Genesis 49:10](../49/10.md), which may refer to the Messiah. "Ý nghĩa khả dĩ cho mọi lần xuất hiện của "" Ngài "" hoặc "" Ngài "" là ( 1 ) chúng ám chỉ con cháu của Giu-đa. Có thể dịch là "" họ "" hoặc ( 2 ) ám chỉ đấng cai trị trong [ Sáng - thế Ký 49: 10 ] , có lẽ ám chỉ đấng Mê - si." +GEN 49 11 m97e figs-parallelism 0 he has washed…in the blood of grapes Both statements mean the same thing. It implies that there are so many grapes that they can wash their clothes in the juice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Cả hai câu đều có nghĩa như nhau. Nó ngụ ý rằng có quá nhiều nho đến nỗi chúng có thể giặt quần áo bằng nước quả. +GEN 49 11 g59h figs-pastforfuture 0 he has washed Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as something that has already happened in the past. This emphasizes that this event will certainly happen. Alternate translation: “they will wash” or “he will wash” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]]) "Thường thường trong lời tiên tri các biến cố sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai được mô tả là một điều gì đó đã xảy ra trong quá khứ. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng biến cố này chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra. Một bản khác dịch là: "" Họ sẽ rửa "" hoặc "" Ngài sẽ rửa """ +GEN 49 11 c5rw figs-metaphor 0 the blood of grapes This speaks about the grape juice as if it were blood. This emphasizes how red the juice is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Điều này nói về nước nho như thể đó là máu. Điều này nhấn mạnh nước nho màu đỏ. +GEN 49 12 y4wg figs-simile 0 His eyes will be as dark as wine This refers to the color of a person’s eyes to the red color of wine. Possible meanings are (1) dark eyes imply healthy eyes or (2) people eyes will be red from drinking too much of wine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này ám chỉ màu mắt của một người đối với màu đỏ của rượu. Có thể có những ý nghĩa như ( 1 ) mắt đen ngụ ý mắt khỏe mạnh hoặc ( 2 ) mắt người ta sẽ đỏ vì uống quá nhiều rượu. +GEN 49 12 va4p figs-simile 0 his teeth as white as milk This compare the color of the person’s teeth to the white color of milk. This implies that there will be so many healthy cows they will have much milk to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Điều này so sánh màu răng của người đó với màu trắng của sữa. Điều này ngụ ý rằng sẽ có nhiều bò khỏe mạnh đến độ chúng sẽ có nhiều sữa để uống. +GEN 49 13 d53q figs-metonymy 0 Zebulun will live This refers to the descendants of Zebulun. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Zebulun will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Điều này nói đến con cháu của Sa-bu-lôn. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Dòng dõi của Sa - bu - lôn sẽ sống """ +GEN 49 13 jb4b figs-metonymy 0 He will be a harbor Here “He” stands for sea towns that the people of Zebulun will inhabit or build. These cities will provide shelter for ships. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Tại đây "" nó "" tượng trưng cho các thành trên biển mà dân cư Sa - bu - lôn sẽ ở hoặc xây cất. Các thành này sẽ là nơi trú ẩn cho tàu thuyền." +GEN 49 13 rl71 0 harbor a part of the sea that is next to land and is a safe place for ships Một phần của biển nằm cạnh đất liền và là một nơi an toàn cho tàu thuyền +GEN 49 14 v1n4 figs-metaphor 0 Issachar is a strong donkey Jacob speaks about Issachar and his descendants as if they are a donkey. This emphasizes that they will work very hard. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Issachar will be like a strong donkey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Giacốp nói về Ysác và con cháu ông như thể họ là một con lừa. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng họ sẽ làm việc rất chăm chỉ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Con cháu của Y-sa-ca sẽ giống như một con lừa mạnh mẽ "" ." +GEN 49 14 yd1r 0 Issachar is Often in prophecy events that will happen in the future are described as something that is already happening. This emphasizes that the event will certainly happen. It can be stated in the future tense. Alternate translation: “Issachar will be” or “The descendants of Issachar will be” "Thường thường trong lời tiên tri các biến cố sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai được mô tả là điều gì đó đang xảy ra rồi. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng biến cố đó chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra. Nó có thể được nói đến trong thì tương lai. Bản dịch khác: "" IsSachar sẽ là "" hoặc "" Hậu duệ của IsSachar sẽ là """ +GEN 49 14 n39a figs-metaphor 0 lying down between the sheepfolds Possible meanings are (1) “lying down between the packs they were carrying” or (2) “lying down between two sheep pens.” Either way, Jacob speaks about Issachar’s descendants as if they are donkeys that have worked hard and are lying down to rest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) "" nằm giữa hai cái bao họ mang "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" nằm giữa hai chuồng chiên "" . Dù sao đi nữa, Gia - cốp nói về con cháu Y - sa - ca như thể họ là những con lừa đã làm việc chăm chỉ và đang nằm nghỉ." +GEN 49 15 u9r3 figs-metonymy 0 He sees…He will These words refer to the descendants of Issachar (verse 14). Alternate translation: “They see…They will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Mấy chữ nầy nói tới con cháu của IsSachar ( câu 14 ) . Thay vì thế dịch: "" Họ nhìn thấy … họ sẽ """ +GEN 49 15 fp1p 0 a good resting place and the pleasant land “a resting place that is good and that the land is pleasant” """ Một nơi an nghỉ tốt đẹp, và một vùng đất tươi đẹp """ +GEN 49 15 r8tu figs-idiom 0 He will bend his shoulder to the burden The phrase “bend his shoulder to the burden” is a way of saying “work very hard to carry the load” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Cụm từ "" cong vai vác gánh nặng "" là một cách nói "" làm việc rất chăm chỉ để mang lấy gánh nặng """ +GEN 49 15 vc3z 0 become a servant for the task “will work for others as slaves” """ Sẽ làm tôi mọi cho kẻ khác """ +GEN 49 16 p8vr figs-metonymy 0 Dan will judge his people Here “Dan” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Dan will judge their people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Đan "" viết tắt cho con cháu của ông. Dịch cách khác: "" Con cháu Đan sẽ xét đoán dân mình """ +GEN 49 16 qup4 0 his people Possible meanings for “his people” are (1) “the people of Dan” or (2) “the people of Israel” "Những ý nghĩa khả dĩ cho "" dân Ngài "" là ( 1 ) "" dân Đan "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" dân Y-sơ-ra-ên """ +GEN 49 17 wp5h figs-metaphor 0 Dan will be a snake beside the road Jacob speaks about Dan and his descendants as if they were snakes. Though a snake is small, it can bring down a rider off his horse. So Dan, though a small tribe, is very dangerous to its enemies. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Dan will be like a snake beside the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia-cốp nói về Đan và con cháu ông như thể họ là những con rắn. Mặc dù một con rắn nhỏ, nó có thể hạ gục người cỡi ngựa của mình. Vì vậy, dù là một chi phái nhỏ, nhưng Đan rất nguy hiểm cho kẻ thù của nó. Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi của Đan sẽ giống như một con rắn bên đường """ +GEN 49 18 b7p5 0 I wait for your salvation, Yahweh The abstract noun “salvation” can be translated as “save.” Alternate translation: “I wait for you, Yahweh, to save me” "Danh từ trừu tượng "" sự cứu rỗi "" có thể được dịch là "" cứu rỗi. "" +Dịch thay thế: "" Hỡi Đức Giê-hô-va, tôi trông đợi Ngài để cứu tôi """ +GEN 49 18 z88u 0 I wait The word “I” refers to Jacob. "Chữ "" tôi "" ám chỉ đến Gia-cốp." +GEN 49 19 c2sc figs-metonymy 0 Gad…attack him, but he Here “Gad” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Gad…attack them, but they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Gát "" là viết tắt của con cháu ông. Bản dịch khác: "" Con cháu của Gát … tấn công họ, nhưng họ """ +GEN 49 19 m5nv figs-synecdoche 0 at their heels Here “heels” stands for the raiders who are running away from the descendants of Gad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" Gót "" tượng trưng cho những kẻ cướp đang chạy trốn khỏi con cháu Gát." +GEN 49 20 v9mh figs-metonymy 0 Asher’s food…and he Here “Asher” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “Asher’s descendants’ food…and they” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Asher "" là viết tắt của con cháu ông. Dịch cách khác: "" Thức ăn của con cháu Asher … và họ """ +GEN 49 20 fx3w figs-idiom 0 food will be rich Here “rich” is a way of saying “delicious.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Ở đây "" giàu có "" là một cách nói "" ngon. """ +GEN 49 21 y5rq figs-metonymy 0 Naphtali is…he will Here “Naphtali” stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Naphtali are…they will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" Nép-ta-li "" là viết tắt của con cháu ông. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Dòng dõi của Nép-ta-li là … họ sẽ """ +GEN 49 21 tc9d figs-metaphor 0 Naphtali is a doe let loose Jacob speaks about the descendants of Naphtali as if they were a female deer that is free to run. This may emphasize that they will be swift messengers. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Naphtali will be like deer set free” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia-cốp nói về con cháu của Nép-ta-li như thể họ là một con nai cái được tự do chạy trốn. Điều này có thể nhấn mạnh rằng họ sẽ là những sứ giả mau lẹ. Một bản dịch khác: "" Dòng dõi của Nép-ta-li sẽ giống như con nai được thả tự do "" ." +GEN 49 21 g69w figs-metaphor 0 have beautiful fawns A “fawn” is a baby deer. The meaning of the Hebrew word is unclear. Some versions translate it as “have beautiful words” or “speak beautiful things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Một "" nai con "" là một con nai con. Ý nghĩa của từ Hê - bơ - rơ không rõ ràng. Một số bản dịch là "" có những lời đẹp đẽ "" hoặc "" nói những điều đẹp đẽ """ +GEN 49 22 np8b figs-metonymy 0 Joseph is a fruitful bough Here “Joseph” is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about them as if they were a tree branch that produces a lot of fruit. This emphasizes that they will greatly increase in number. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Joseph are a fruitful bough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây "" Giô-sép "" là một hoán dụ viết tắt cho con cháu của ông. Gia-cốp nói về họ như thể họ là một nhánh cây sanh nhiều trái. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng họ sẽ gia tăng rất nhiều về số lượng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Con cháu của Giô - sép là một nhánh có nhiều trái """ +GEN 49 22 ka7p 0 bough a main branch of a tree Một nhánh chính của một cây +GEN 49 22 pvd6 figs-metaphor 0 whose branches climb over the wall Branches that grow and extend over a wall are spoken of as if they were climbing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Những cành cây mọc và vươn ra khỏi bức tường được nói đến như thể chúng đang leo trèo. +GEN 49 24 r5uu 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. Giacốp tiếp tục chúc phước cho Giôsép và con cháu của ông. +GEN 49 24 u5f5 figs-metonymy 0 his bow will remain steady The person holding the bow steady is spoken of as if the bow itself will remain steady. It is implied he is holding it steady as he aims at his enemy. Alternate translation: “he will hold his bow steady as he aims at his enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Người đang cầm cung được nói đến như thể chính cây cung sẽ vẫn giữ nguyên vị trí. Điều này ngụ ý rằng anh ta đang giữ nó vững vàng khi anh ta nhắm vào kẻ thù của mình. Một cách dịch khác: "" Người ấy sẽ giữ cây cung vững vàng khi nhắm vào kẻ thù của mình """ +GEN 49 24 a3qh figs-metonymy 0 his bow…his hands Here “his” refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “their bow…their hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" của ông "" đề cập đến Giô-sép là người đại diện cho con cháu ông. CÁCH DỊCH THAY THẾ: "" CUNG CỦA HỌ … TAY CỦA HỌ """ +GEN 49 24 u5ku figs-synecdoche 0 his hands will be skillful Here the whole person is represented by the “hands” since they are used to hold the bow. Alternate translation: “his arms will remain strong as he aims his bow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây toàn bộ con người được tượng trưng bởi "" tay "" vì chúng được dùng để cầm cung. Một bản dịch khác dịch: "" Cánh tay người sẽ vẫn mạnh mẽ khi người giương cung """ +GEN 49 24 qq1e figs-metonymy 0 the hands of the Mighty One The “hands” are expressing the power of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the power of the Mighty One” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Những "" bàn tay "" đang bày tỏ quyền phép của Đức Giêhôva. Dịch cách khác: "" Quyền lực của Đấng quyền năng """ +GEN 49 24 biy5 figs-metonymy 0 because of the name of the Shepherd Here “name” refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “because of the Shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" danh "" ám chỉ toàn bộ con người. Bản dịch khác dịch là: "" Vì người chăn """ +GEN 49 24 u61z figs-metaphor 0 the Shepherd Jacob speak of Yahweh as if he were a “Shepherd.” This emphasizes that Yahweh guides and protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia - cốp nói về Đức Giê - hô - va như thể Ngài là "" Đấng chăn giữ "" . Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng Yahweh hướng dẫn và bảo vệ dân sự Ngài." +GEN 49 24 rg4s figs-metaphor 0 the Rock Jacob speaks of Yahweh as if he were a “Rock” that people can climb upon to find safety from enemies. This emphasizes that Yahweh protects his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia-cốp nói về Đức Giê-hô-va như thể Ngài là một "" hòn đá "" mà con người có thể leo lên để tìm sự an toàn khỏi kẻ thù. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng Đức Giê-hô-va bảo vệ dân sự Ngài." +GEN 49 25 x55h 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants ([Genesis 49:22-23](./22.md)). Giacốp tiếp tục chúc phước cho Giôsép và con cháu của ông ( [ Sáng thế ký 49: 22 - 23 ] ( / 22.MD ) ) . +GEN 49 25 hrc4 figs-metonymy 0 help you…bless you Here “you” refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate translation: “help your descendants…bless them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" các anh "" nói đến Giô-sép là người đại diện cho con cháu ông. Cách dịch thay thế: "" Giúp dòng dõi của các ngươi … Chúc phước cho họ """ +GEN 49 25 ds53 figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the sky Here “sky” stands for the rain that helps the crops to grow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" bầu trời "" tượng trưng cho mưa giúp cho mùa màng phát triển." +GEN 49 25 e3jd figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the deep that lies beneath Here “deep” stands for the water underneath the ground that supplies rivers and wells. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Vực sâu "" ở đây tượng trưng cho dòng nước bên dưới mặt đất cung cấp nước cho sông và giếng." +GEN 49 25 dg7w figs-metonymy 0 blessings of the breasts and womb Here “breasts and womb” stand for the ability for a mother to have children and feed them milk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Ở đây "" vú và lòng mẹ "" tượng trưng cho khả năng một người mẹ có con và cho chúng bú sữa." +GEN 49 26 gm81 0 General Information: Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. Giacốp tiếp tục chúc phước cho Giôsép và con cháu của ông. +GEN 49 26 zta3 0 the ancient mountains The meaning of the original language is not certain. Some Bible translations have “my ancestors” instead of “ancient mountains.” "Ý nghĩa của nguyên ngữ không phải là điều chắc chắn. Một số bản dịch Kinh Thánh có "" tổ tiên tôi "" thay vì "" những ngọn núi cổ xưa "" ." +GEN 49 26 n5wp 0 May they be on the head of Joseph Here “they” refers to the blessings of his father. "Ở đây "" họ "" ám chỉ các phước hạnh của Cha Ngài." +GEN 49 26 q7ri figs-metaphor 0 upon the crown of the head of the prince of his brothers Jacob desires for these blessings to be passed on to even the most important of his descendants. Alternate translation: “on the head of the most important of Joseph’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Gia-cốp mong muốn những ơn phước này được truyền lại cho ngay cả con cháu quan trọng nhất của ông. Một bản dịch khác: "" Trên đầu con cháu quan trọng nhất của Giô - sép """ +GEN 49 26 k1ak 0 prince of his brothers “most important of his brothers” """ Người anh em rất thiết nghĩa """ +GEN 49 27 bv1t figs-metonymy 0 Benjamin is a hungry wolf Here “Benjamin” is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about Benjamin’s descendants as if they were a hungry wolf. This emphasizes that they will be fierce warriors. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Benjamin will be like hungry wolves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây "" Bên-gia-min "" là một hoán dụ nói tới con cháu của ông. Gia-cốp nói về con cháu của Bên-gia-min như thể họ là một con sói đói. Điều này nhấn mạnh rằng họ sẽ là những chiến binh dữ tợn. Bản dịch thay thế: "" Dòng dõi của Bên-gia-min sẽ giống như những con sói đói """ +GEN 49 28 r8a3 0 These are the twelve tribes of Israel “These” refers to the sons Jacob mentioned in 49:1-27. Each son became the leader of his own tribe. """ Những kẻ ấy "" ám chỉ các con trai Gia - cốp được đề cập đến trong 49: 1 - 27. Mỗi con trai trở thành người lãnh đạo của chi phái mình." +GEN 49 28 lr9f 0 when he blessed them Here the word “blessed” refers to the speaking of formal blessings. "Ở đây chữ "" phước cho "" ám chỉ đến việc nói đến những phước hạnh chính thức." +GEN 49 28 jm87 0 Each one he blessed with an appropriate blessing “He gave each son a fitting blessing” """ Ngài ban cho mỗi người con một ân phước xứng đáng """ +GEN 49 29 fvw5 0 he instructed them “he commanded them” """ Ngài ra lệnh cho họ """ +GEN 49 29 ta6p figs-euphemism 0 I am about to go to my people This is a polite way of saying he is about to die. Alternate translation: “I am about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Đây là một cách lịch sự để nói rằng Ngài sắp chết. Bản diễn ý dịch là: "" Tôi sắp chết """ +GEN 49 29 a84e figs-euphemism 0 go to my people Jacob is referring to where his inner man will go when he dies. He expects to join Abraham and Isaac in the afterlife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Gia-cốp đang đề cập đến nơi mà con người bề trong của ông sẽ đi khi ông qua đời. Ông mong đợi sẽ kết hợp với Áp-ra-ham và Y-sác trong đời sau. +GEN 49 29 gjm3 translate-names 0 Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. “Hittite” means “descendent of Heth.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. "" Hittite "" nghĩa là "" hậu duệ của Heth "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này trong Sáng Thế Ký 23: 8." +GEN 49 30 d85j translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpelah was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Machpelah là tên của một khu vực hoặc khu vực. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch câu này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 9 ] . +GEN 49 30 n89d translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của thành Hếp - rôn. Có thể nó được đặt theo tên của Mam - rê, bạn của Áp - ra - ham sống ở đó. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này [ Sáng - thế Ký 13: 18 ] . +GEN 49 31 kz7r 0 General Information: Jacob continues speaking to his sons. Gia-cốp tiếp tục nói chuyện với các con trai mình. +GEN 49 32 fac4 figs-explicit 0 in it were purchased The purchase can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in it were purchased by Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) "Việc mua bán có thể được làm rõ ràng. Một bản dịch khác: "" Áp - ra - ham đã mua nơi đó """ +GEN 49 32 e1hm 0 from the people of Heth “from the Hittites” """ Người Hê - tít """ +GEN 49 33 jq2w 0 finished these instructions to his sons “finished instructing his sons” or “finished commanding his sons” """ Dạy các con mình xong rồi "" hoặc "" Truyền lịnh cho các con mình xong rồi """ +GEN 49 33 xwq5 0 he pulled his feet into the bed Jacob was sitting on the bed. Now, Jacob turns and puts his feet in the bed so he can lie down. Jacob đang ngồi trên giường. Giờ đây, Jacob quay lại và gác chân lên giường để có thể nằm xuống. +GEN 49 33 m28w figs-euphemism 0 breathed his last This is a polite way of saying a person died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) Đây là cách nói lịch sự về một người đã chết. +GEN 49 33 p5pu figs-euphemism 0 went to his people After Jacob died, his inner man went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Sau khi Gia-cốp qua đời, con người bề trong của ông đã đi đến cùng một chỗ với những người bà con đã qua đời trước ông. +GEN 50 intro di45 0 # Genesis 50 General Notes
## Special concepts in this chapter

### Embalming
Embalming was practiced in Egypt on very important people when they died. They removed the liquids from the body then wrapped it in an attempt to preserve the body from decay.

### Joseph’s character
Joseph’s character was so upright that Pharaoh’s officials went with him to Canaan to bury Jacob. This was a very large funeral procession. He also learned lessons from earlier in his life and unified his family. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) "Genesis 50 General Notes +Những khái niệm đặc biệt trong chương này +Ướp xác +Ướp xác được thực hành tại Ai Cập trên những người rất quan trọng khi họ qua đời. Họ lấy chất lỏng ra khỏi cơ thể rồi bọc nó lại trong một nỗ lực để bảo quản cơ thể khỏi thối rữa. Tính cách của Giô-sép +Tính cách của Giô-sép ngay thẳng đến nỗi các quan chức của Pha-ra-ôn đã đi với ông đến Ca-na-an để chôn Gia-cốp. Đây là một đám tang rất lớn. Ông cũng học được những bài học từ trước đó trong cuộc đời mình và hợp nhất gia đình ông." +GEN 50 1 b6bk figs-idiom 0 that he collapsed on the face of his father The term “he collapsed” is an idiom for being overcome. Alternate translation: “that he fell on his father in grief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) "Thuật ngữ "" Ngài gục chết "" là một thành ngữ nói về việc được vượt qua. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Nó đã ngã lên người cha trong đau khổ """ +GEN 50 2 a9rq 0 his servants the physicians “his servants who took care of dead bodies” """ Các đầy - tớ Ngài chăm - sóc xác chết """ +GEN 50 2 f9rl figs-euphemism 0 to embalm his father To “embalm” is a special way of preserving a dead body before it is buried. Alternate translation: “to prepare his father’s body for burial” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) "Ướp xác là một cách đặc biệt để bảo quản xác chết trước khi đem chôn. Một cách dịch khác là: "" Sửa soạn xác Cha để chôn """ +GEN 50 3 k3hl translate-numbers 0 They took forty days “They took 40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Họ mất 40 ngày """ +GEN 50 3 f2gd translate-numbers 0 seventy days “70 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 70 ngày """ +GEN 50 4 g586 0 Connecting Statement: A three-level quotation is introduced with the words “Joseph spoke…saying.” The second level begins with the words “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh, saying.” "Một trích dẫn ba cấp được giới thiệu với những từ "" Joseph nói … nói. "" +Cấp độ thứ hai bắt đầu với những từ "" Nếu bây giờ tôi được ơn trước mặt ngài, xin hãy nói cùng Pharaoh, rằng "" ." +GEN 50 4 my64 0 days of weeping “days of mourning him” or “days of weeping for him” """ Những ngày buồn - thảm Ngài "" hoặc "" những ngày khóc - lóc Ngài """ +GEN 50 4 u1ns figs-metonymy 0 Joseph spoke to the house of Pharaoh Here “house of Pharaoh” stands for the officials that make up Pharaoh’s royal court. Alternate translation: “Joseph spoke to Pharaoh’s officials” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) """ Cung điện Pha - ra - ôn "" ở đây tượng trưng cho các quần thần trong cung điện của Pha - ra - ôn. Một bản dịch khác: "" Giô - sép nói với quần thần của Pha - ra - ôn """ +GEN 50 4 a4vt figs-idiom 0 If now I have found favor in your eyes The phrase “find favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “If I have found favor with you” or “If you are pleased with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Cụm từ "" được ơn "" là một thành ngữ có nghĩa là được ai đó chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, mắt tượng trưng cho sự thấy, và sự thấy tượng trưng cho tư tưởng hoặc sự phán xét. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Nếu tôi được lòng anh em "" hoặc "" Nếu anh em vui lòng "" ." +GEN 50 5 id8m 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that began with the words “Joseph spoke…saying” in verse 4 continues. The second level of that quotation, which began with the words “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh, saying” in verse 4 continues. "Lời trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" Giô-sép nói … rằng "" trong câu 4 tiếp tục. Cấp độ thứ hai của lời trích dẫn đó, bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" Nếu bây giờ tôi được ơn trước mặt người, xin hãy nói cùng Pha-ra-ôn "" trong câu 4 tiếp tục." +GEN 50 5 lj73 figs-quotesinquotes 0 My father made me swear, saying, “See, I am about to die. Bury me in my tomb that I dug for myself in the land of Canaan. There you will bury me.” Now let me go up…I will return. This is the second level of the three-level quotation that begins with the words “If now I have” in verse 4. It contains a quote within it. This embedded quote can be translated as an indirect quote. “My father made me swear, saying that he was about to die and that I was to bury him in his tomb that he dug for himself in the land of Canaan. I was to bury him there. Now let me go up…I will return.” The entire second-level quotation can also be translated as an indirect quote. “If now I have found favor in your eyes, please speak to Pharaoh and tell him that my father made me swear, saying that he was about to die and that I was to bury him in his tomb that he dug for himself in the land of Canaan. I was to bury him there. Now let me go up…I will return.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Đây là cấp độ thứ hai của trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu bằng những từ "" nếu tôi có "" trong câu 4. Nó chứa một trích dẫn trong đó. Trích dẫn nhúng này có thể được dịch là trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Cha tôi bắt tôi thề, nói rằng ông sắp chết và tôi phải chôn ông trong ngôi mộ mà ông đã tự đào cho mình ở vùng đất Canaan. Tôi phải chôn ông ở đó. Bây giờ hãy để tôi đi lên … tôi sẽ trở lại "" . Toàn bộ trích dẫn cấp 2 cũng có thể được dịch là một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Nếu bây giờ tôi được ơn trước mặt ngài, xin hãy nói cùng Pha - ra - ôn rằng cha tôi có thề, và tôi phải chôn người trong mộ mà người đã đào cho mình tại xứ Ca - na - an. Tôi phải chôn người tại đó. Bây giờ xin cho tôi lên đó … tôi sẽ trở xuống. """ +GEN 50 5 ebi8 0 See, I am about to die…you will bury me This is the third level of the three-level quotation that begins with the words “If now I have” in verse 4. "Đây là cấp độ thứ ba của trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu bằng những từ "" nếu tôi có "" trong câu 4." +GEN 50 5 c9ec 0 See, I am about to die “See, I am dying” """ Thấy chưa, tôi sắp chết """ +GEN 50 5 fsn1 0 let me go up It was common to use the phrase “go up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Người ta thường dùng cụm từ "" đi lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca-na-an." +GEN 50 6 lw5a figs-explicit 0 Pharaoh answered It is implied that the members of the court spoke to Pharaoh, and now Pharaoh is replying to Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Nó ngụ ý rằng các thành viên trong triều đình đã nói chuyện với Pha-ra-ôn, và giờ đây Pha-ra-ôn đang trả lời Giô-sép. +GEN 50 6 r63u 0 as he made you swear “as you swore to him” """ Như các ngươi đã thề cùng Ngài """ +GEN 50 7 l6vl 0 Joseph went up It was common to use the phrase “went up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. "Người ta thường dùng nhóm từ "" đi lên "" khi nói về chuyến hành trình từ Ai Cập đến Ca-na-an." +GEN 50 7 b8t6 0 All the officials…the elders…the senior officials All of Pharaoh’s most important leaders attended the burial procession. Tất cả các quan chức quan trọng nhất của Pha-ra-ôn đều tham dự đám tang. +GEN 50 7 dt27 0 the elders of his household Here “household” refers to Pharaoh’s royal court. """ Người nhà "" ở đây chỉ về cung điện của Pha-ra-ôn." +GEN 50 8 c423 figs-events 0 with all Joseph’s household and his brothers, and his father’s household This can be translated as a new sentence: “Joseph’s household, his brothers, and his father’s household also went with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) "Điều nầy có thể được dịch là một câu mới: "" Người nhà Giô-sép, anh em người, và người nhà cha người cũng đi với người """ +GEN 50 9 skq7 figs-metonymy 0 Chariots Here this stands for the men riding in the chariots. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Đây là chữ viết tắt của những người cưỡi xe ngựa. +GEN 50 9 fl9t 0 It was a very large group of people “It was a very large gathering” """ Có một buổi họp mặt rất đông """ +GEN 50 10 g71k 0 When they came The word “they” refers to the participants in the burial procession. "Chữ "" họ "" ám chỉ những người tham gia vào đám tang." +GEN 50 10 b54f translate-names 0 floor of Atad Possible meanings are (1) the word “Atad” means “thorn” and it may refer to a place where large amounts of thorns grew, or (2) it may be the name of the person who owns the threshing floor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể là ( 1 ) từ "" atad "" có nghĩa là "" cái gai "" và có thể ám chỉ một nơi có nhiều gai mọc lên, hoặc ( 2 ) đó có thể là tên của người chủ sân đạp lúa." +GEN 50 10 d971 0 they mourned with very great and grievous sorrow “they were extremely sad and they mourned very much” """ Họ vô cùng buồn rầu và than khóc rất nhiều """ +GEN 50 10 p63w translate-numbers 0 a seven-day “a 7-day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 7 ngày """ +GEN 50 11 er7s translate-names 0 in the floor of Atad Possible meanings are (1) “on the threshing floor that belonged to a man named Atad” or (2) “in the threshing floor at a place called Atad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Ý nghĩa có thể có là ( 1 ) "" trên sân đạp lúa của một người tên là ATAD "" hoặc ( 2 ) "" trên sân đạp lúa tại một nơi gọi là ATAD """ +GEN 50 11 c318 0 This is a very sad occasion for the Egyptians “The mourning of the Egyptians is very great” """ Sự than khóc của người Ê-díp-tô rất lớn """ +GEN 50 11 rj7q translate-names 0 Abel Mizraim The translator can add a footnote that says: “The name Abel Mizraim means “the mourning of Egypt.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Dịch giả có thể ghi chú thêm: "" Tên A - bên Mích - ra - im có nghĩa là "" khóc than xứ Ê - díp - tô "" . """ +GEN 50 12 fj26 0 So his sons “So Jacob’s sons” """ Vậy, các con trai của Gia-cốp """ +GEN 50 12 fj1d 0 just as he had instructed them “just as he had directed them” """ Y như lời Ngài đã chỉ - dạy """ +GEN 50 13 xv7j 0 His sons carried him “His sons took his body” """ Các con trai người lấy xác người """ +GEN 50 13 wfc9 translate-names 0 Machpelah Machpela was the name of an area or region. See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:9](../23/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Machpela là tên của một khu vực hoặc khu vực. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này [ Sáng - thế Ký 23: 9 ] . +GEN 50 13 c6qt translate-names 0 Mamre This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there. See how you translated this in [Genesis 13:18](../13/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là một cái tên khác của thành Hếp - rôn. Có thể nó được đặt theo tên của Mam - rê, bạn của Áp - ra - ham sống ở đó. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch tên này [ Sáng - thế Ký 13: 18 ] . +GEN 50 13 zfv9 translate-names 0 Ephron the Hittite This is the name of a man. “Hittite” means “descendent of Heth.” See how you translated this in [Genesis 23:8](../23/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) "Đây là tên của một người đàn ông. "" Hittite "" nghĩa là "" hậu duệ của Heth "" . Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ này trong Sáng Thế Ký 23: 8." +GEN 50 14 d43t 0 Joseph returned into Egypt “Joseph returned to Egypt” """ Giô-sép trở về xứ Ê-díp-tô """ +GEN 50 14 jv7b 0 all who had accompanied him “all who had come with him” """ Hết thảy những kẻ đã đến cùng người """ +GEN 50 15 dn26 figs-metaphor 0 What if Joseph holds on to anger against us Here anger is spoken of as if it was something physical that Joseph could hold in his hands. Alternate translation: “What if Joseph is actually still angry with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Ở đây cơn giận được nói tới như thể đó là một thứ vật chất mà Giô-sép có thể cầm trong tay. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này: "" Nếu Giô - sép vẫn còn giận chúng ta thì sao? """ +GEN 50 15 q73l figs-metaphor 0 wants to repay us in full for all the evil we did to him Avenging oneself against someone who harmed him is spoken of as if the person were paying they other person what they are owed. Alternate translation: “wants revenge for the evil thing we did to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) "Người ta nói đến việc trả thù kẻ đã làm hại mình như thể người đó đang trả nợ cho người khác. Một bản khác dịch câu này là: "" Muốn trả thù kẻ đã làm điều ác cho chúng tôi """ +GEN 50 16 j5db 0 Connecting Statement: A three-level quotation begins with the words “Your father gave.” "Một câu trích dẫn ba cấp bắt đầu với những từ "" Cha ngươi đã cho ngươi "" ." +GEN 50 16 c5nj 0 Your father gave instructions before he died, saying Jacob was the father of all the brothers. Here they say “your father” to emphasize that Joseph needs to pay attention to what his father said. Alternate translation: “Before our father died he said” "Gia-cốp là cha của tất cả các anh em. Ở đây họ nói "" Cha các anh "" để nhấn mạnh rằng Giô - sép cần chú ý đến những gì cha nói. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là: "" Trước khi cha chết, ông nói """ +GEN 50 17 dl1v 0 Connecting Statement: The three-level quotation that begins with the words “Your father gave” in verse 16 ends here. "Câu trích dẫn 3 cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" Cha các ngươi đã cho "" trong câu 16 kết thúc ở đây." +GEN 50 17 f2jh figs-quotesinquotes 0 Tell Joseph this, “Please forgive the transgression of your brothers and their sin when they did evil to you.” The three-level quotation that begins with the words “Your father gave” in verse 16 ends here. This is the second-level quotation, and it contains a third-level quotation that can be stated as an indirect quotation. “Tell Joseph to please forgive your transgression and your sin when you did evil to him.” Both the second- and third-level quotations can be translated as indirect quotations. “Your father instructed us before he died to tell you to please forgive our transgression and our sin when we did evil to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) "Câu trích dẫn 3 cấp bắt đầu bằng cụm từ "" Cha các ngươi đã cho "" trong câu 16 kết thúc ở đây. Đây là trích dẫn cấp hai, và nó chứa một trích dẫn cấp ba có thể được nêu là một trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Hãy nói với Joseph tha thứ cho sự vi phạm và tội lỗi của các ngươi khi các ngươi đã làm điều xấu với ông ấy. "" +Cả hai lời trích dẫn cấp hai và cấp ba đều có thể được dịch là lời trích dẫn gián tiếp. "" Trước khi chết, cha con dạy chúng ta hãy tha thứ tội lỗi và sự vi phạm của chúng ta khi chúng ta làm điều ác cho con "" ." +GEN 50 17 syf6 0 and their sin when they did evil to you “for the wicked things they did to you” """ Vì những sự gian - ác chúng nó làm cho các ngươi """ +GEN 50 17 aq9q 0 Now This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. "Điều này không có nghĩa là "" tại thời điểm này "" , nhưng được sử dụng để thu hút sự chú ý đến điểm quan trọng sau đó." +GEN 50 17 l42j figs-123person 0 please forgive the servants of the God of your father The brothers are referring to themselves as “the servants of the God of your father.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “please forgive us, the servants of the God of our father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) "Các anh em đang nói về chính mình như là "" đầy - tớ của Đức Chúa Trời Cha các ngươi "" . Điều này có thể được nói rõ qua ngôi thứ nhất. Một bản dịch khác: "" Xin tha tội cho chúng tôi, tôi tớ của Đức Chúa Trời Cha chúng tôi """ +GEN 50 17 lhx9 0 Joseph wept when they spoke to him “Joseph wept when he heard this message” """ Giô - sép nghe lời nầy thì khóc """ +GEN 50 18 j51r translate-symaction 0 lay facedown before him They lay down with their faces toward the ground. This is a sign of humility and respect for Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) Họ nằm úp mặt xuống đất. Đây là dấu hiệu của sự khiêm nhường và tôn trọng Giô - sép. +GEN 50 19 cg1g figs-rquestion 0 Am I in the place of God? Joseph uses a question to comfort his brothers. Alternate translation: “I am not in the place of God.” or “I am not God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) "Giô - sép dùng câu hỏi để an ủi các anh. Một bản khác dịch câu này là "" Tôi không ở trong vị thế của Đức Chúa Trời "" . hoặc "" Tôi không phải là Đức Chúa Trời "" ." +GEN 50 20 b3wy 0 you meant to harm me “you intended to do evil against me” """ Các ngươi toan làm điều ác nghịch cùng ta """ +GEN 50 20 wpc2 0 God meant it for good “God intended it for good” """ Đức Chúa Trời đã định cho điều đó từ lâu """ +GEN 50 21 e3i8 0 So now do not be afraid “So do not fear me” """ Vậy đừng sợ ta """ +GEN 50 21 f6mv 0 I will provide for you and your little children “I will always make sure you and your children have enough to eat” """ Ta sẽ luôn bảo đảm cho ngươi và các con ngươi có đủ ăn """ +GEN 50 21 b3l1 figs-synecdoche 0 He comforted them in this way and spoke kindly to their hearts Here “hearts” refers to the brothers. Alternate translation: “He comforted them by speaking kindly to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) "Ở đây "" lòng "" ám chỉ đến các anh em. Một bản dịch khác: "" Ngài an ủi họ bằng cách nói với họ một cách tử tế """ +GEN 50 22 by3m translate-numbers 0 one hundred ten years “110 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ 110 năm """ +GEN 50 23 fc5c 0 Ephraim’s children to the third generation “Ephraim’s children and grandchildren” """ Con cháu Ép-ra-im """ +GEN 50 23 rf1x translate-names 0 Machir This is the name of Joseph’s grandson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) Đây là tên của cháu nội Giô-sép. +GEN 50 23 vve4 figs-idiom 0 who were placed on the knees of Joseph This expression means that Joseph adopted these children of Machir as his own children. This means they would have special inheritance rights from Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) Thành ngữ này có nghĩa là Giô - sép nhận những người con này của Ma - ki làm con ruột. Điều này có nghĩa là họ sẽ có quyền thừa kế đặc biệt từ Giô-sép. +GEN 50 24 j3ki figs-metonymy 0 surely come to you In [Genesis 50:24/26](./24.md) the word “you” refers to Joseph’s brothers, but it also stands for their descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) "Trong [ Sáng thế ký 50: 24 / 26 ] ( . / 24.MĐ ) từ ngữ "" các anh "" ám chỉ các anh của Giôsép, nhưng nó cũng đứng cho con cháu của họ." +GEN 50 24 ya3x figs-events 0 lead you up out of this land to the land It was common to use the word “up” when speaking of traveling from Egypt to Canaan. Alternate translation: “bring you out of this land and take you to the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) "Người ta thường dùng chữ "" lên "" khi nói về việc đi từ Ai Cập đến Ca - na - an. Một bản dịch khác dịch câu này là "" đem các ngươi ra khỏi xứ này và đưa các ngươi vào xứ "" ." +GEN 50 26 ej21 translate-numbers 0 110 years “one hundred and ten years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) """ Một trăm mười năm """ +GEN 50 26 g2xq 0 They embalmed him To “embalm” is a special way of preserving a dead body before it is buried. See how you translated “embalmed” in [Genesis 50:1](../50/01.md). "Ướp xác là một cách đặc biệt để bảo quản xác chết trước khi đem chôn. Hãy xem cách bạn dịch từ "" ướp xác "" nơi [ Sáng - thế Ký 50: 1 ] ." +GEN 50 26 mv4x figs-activepassive 0 he was placed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they placed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) "Điều này có thể được phát biểu dưới dạng hoạt động. Bản dịch khác: "" Họ đã đặt Ngài """ +GEN 50 26 h19n 0 in a coffin “in a chest” or “in a case.” This is a box a dead person is placed in. """ Trong lồng ngực "" hay "" trong một cái hộp. "" +Đây là một cái hộp mà người chết được đặt trong đó." \ No newline at end of file