Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
EZK	front	intro	wb5b			0		# Introduction to Ezekiel<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Ezekiel<br><br>1. Yahweh calls Ezekiel to speak his words (1:1–3:27)<br>1. Yahweh judges Judah and Jerusalem (4:1-24:27)<br>1. Ezekiel prophesies against nearby nations (25:1–32:32)<br>1. Yahweh explains the fall of Jerusalem (33:1–33)<br>1. Ezekiel brings messages of hope (34:1–48:35)<br>- A new shepherd (34:1–31)<br>- Edom destroyed (35:1–15)<br>- Israel restored (36:1–37:28)<br>- Gog and Magog (38:1–39:29)<br>- Jerusalem and the temple restored (40:1–48:35)<br><br><br>### What is Ezekiel about?<br><br>The Book of Ezekiel contains words that Ezekiel prophesied between 592 B.C. and 573 B.C. The Jewish people were exiled in Babylonia. Ezekiel told them that God had punished them because they sinned against him. However, Ezekiel assured them that God would restore them. God was using Babylon to punish them. But eventually another nation would defeat the Babylonians. Ezekiel also prophesied about how God will restore Jerusalem and the temple so that the people can worship and sacrifice to him again. Ezekiel then described how the land will be divided again among the tribes of Israel.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>“Ezekiel” or “The Book of Ezekiel” is the traditional name for this book. Translators may also call it “The Messages from God Brought by Ezekiel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Ezekiel?<br><br>Ezekiel wrote the prophecies in the Book of Ezekiel. He was a prophet and priest who lived near Babylon in the time of the exile.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What was Ezekiel’s temple?<br><br>Several chapters of the Book of Ezekiel give instructions about building a new temple. However, this temple is not the same as the temple the people would build after going back to Jerusalem. Because Ezekiel’s temple has never been built, some scholars think that this temple is to be built in the future. Other scholars think that Ezekiel’s temple is symbolic of the Church.<br><br>### Do the sacrifices in Ezekiel follow the law of Moses?<br><br>The sacrifices in Ezekiel 46 are somewhat different than the required sacrifices in Numbers 28. This may be because Ezekiel prophesied about a new temple with new sacrifices.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How should one represent Ezekiel’s visions in translation?<br><br>The Book of Ezekiel has many complicated visions. Some are similar to passages in other Scripture books that describe future events. Some of these visions are about God rescuing Israel in the distant future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>It is unclear whether Ezekiel actually traveled to the particular places named in the visions, or whether what he described were mental ideas. For this reason, Ezekiel’s viewpoint is sometimes difficult to understand, even though the meanings of the visions may be clear.<br><br>Translators should avoid trying to explain these visions in their translations. Instead, they should present the visions just as they are in the source text.<br><br>### What does “and you will know that I am Yahweh” mean?<br><br>This is a common phrase in the Book of Ezekiel. It is meant to assure the reader that these messages truly came from God, and that he will do what he has promised. The translator may also use the phrase “and you will understand that I am Yahweh and what I say will happen.” The UST translates it as “then you will know that I, Yahweh, have the power to do what I say that I will do.”
EZK	1	intro	j5rn			0		# Ezekiel 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Ezekiel’s call<br><br>Ezekiel had a vision of God calling him to prophetic ministry. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	1	1	xqf6	translate-ordinal		0	In the thirtieth year	This is the thirtieth year of Ezekiel’s life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	1	1	ad2n	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the fourth month, and the fifth day of the month	“the fifth day of the fourth month.” This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifth day is around the end of June on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	1	1	q33s			0	it came about that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	1	1	u5sq			0	I was living among the captives	The word “I” refers to Ezekiel. “I was one of the captives”
EZK	1	1	zv3x			0	I saw visions of God	“God showed me unusual things”
EZK	1	1	x973			0	the Kebar Canal	This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. “the Kebar River”
EZK	1	3	rj9q	figs-pronouns		0	to Ezekiel…upon him there	Ezekiel speaks of himself as if he were another person. Alternate translation: “to me, Ezekiel…upon me there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
EZK	1	3	t4d8	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came to Ezekiel	The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Ezekiel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	1	3	c7c1	translate-names		0	Buzi	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	1	3	qdk9	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of Yahweh was upon him	The word “hand” is often used to refer to someone’s power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was controlling him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	1	3	xef3			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
EZK	1	4	h13x			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to describe his vision.
EZK	1	4	lz9t			0	a windstorm	This is a storm that has a lot of wind.
EZK	1	4	my5g			0	coming from the north	North is the direction to your left when you look toward the sun while it is rising.
EZK	1	4	c9um			0	a great cloud with fire flashing within it	This can be translated as a new sentence: “The storm had a very large cloud with fire flashing in it”
EZK	1	4	p3zk			0	fire flashing	Possible meanings are (1) “flashing lightning” or (2) “constant lightning.”
EZK	1	4	uce2			0	brightness surrounding it and inside of it	“a very bright light was around the cloud and inside of it”
EZK	1	4	gn1u			0	the color of amber	“bright yellow like amber” or “bright yellow” or “glowing yellow”
EZK	1	4	s1hw			0	amber	a hard yellow resin that is used as a beautiful decoration on jewelry
EZK	1	5	wc4k			0	In the middle	“Inside the storm”
EZK	1	5	h7q9	figs-abstractnouns		0	the likeness of four living creatures	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like these things. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what looked like four living creatures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	5	k13b	figs-abstractnouns		0	This was their appearance	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “This is what they looked like” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	5	nji4	figs-abstractnouns		0	They had the likeness of a man	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “The four creatures looked like people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	6	vqp7			0	but they had four faces each, and each of the creatures had four wings	“but each of them had four different faces and four wings.” Each creature had a face on the front, a face on the back, and a face on each side of its head.
EZK	1	7	lgs2			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to describe his vision.
EZK	1	7	k6hj			0	but the soles of their feet were like the hooves of a calf	“but their feet looked like calf hooves” or “but their feet looked like the feet of calves”
EZK	1	7	zyz1			0	hooves of a calf	the hard part of a calf’s foot
EZK	1	7	ac8t	figs-simile		0	that shone like polished bronze	“that were shiny like bronze that has been polished.” This describes the feet of the creatures. Alternate translation: “and they shone like polished bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	1	8	gr7m			0	on all four sides	“on all four sides of their bodies”
EZK	1	8	k4hk			0	For all four, their faces and wings were like this	“For all four of the creatures, their wings and their faces were like this”
EZK	1	9	xij2			0	they did not turn as they went	“the creatures did not turn as they moved”
EZK	1	10	xft7			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to describe his vision.
EZK	1	10	dr2n	figs-abstractnouns		0	The likeness of their faces was like the face of a man	Ezekiel is describing the faces of the creatures on their front side. The abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like a man’s face. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “The face of each creature looked like the face of a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	10	cb2b			0	The four of them had the face of a lion to the right side	“The face on the right side of each one’s head looked like the face of a lion”
EZK	1	10	xfk6			0	the four of them had the face of an ox on the left side	“the face on the left side of the head of each one looked like the face of an ox”
EZK	1	10	hzm6			0	They four had also the face of an eagle	“The face on the back of the head of each one looked like the face of an eagle”
EZK	1	11	y2pe			0	their wings were spread out above, so that each creature had a pair of wings that touched another creature’s wing	“each creature held up two of his wings so that one wing touched the wing of the creature on one side of him, and the other wing touched the wing of the creature on the other side of him”
EZK	1	11	pd9d			0	and also a pair of wings that covered their bodies	This can be translated as a new sentence: “The other two wings of each creature covered its body”
EZK	1	12	e2th			0	Each went straight forward	“Each creature moved with a face looking forward”
EZK	1	13	ffv8			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to describe his vision.
EZK	1	13	i6wj	figs-abstractnouns		0	As for the likeness of the living creatures, their appearance was like burning coals	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like these things. Both “likeness” and “appearance” are abstract nouns that can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “As for what the living creatures looked like, they were similar to burning coals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	13	m6wb			0	there were flashes of lightning	“lightning came out from the fire.”
EZK	1	14	jq1y	figs-simile		0	The living creatures were moving swiftly back and forth, and they had the appearance of lightning	Lightning flashes and then disappears quickly, and the creatures moved from one place to another quickly. The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The living creatures were moving swiftly back and forth, and they looked like lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	15	me27			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to tell about his vision.
EZK	1	16	kq4i			0	This was the appearance and structure of the wheels	“This is what the wheels looked like and how they were made”
EZK	1	16	yue4			0	like beryl	Beryl is a kind of clear, valuable stone, often of yellow or golden color. “clear and yellow like a beryl stone” or “clear and yellow like a precious stone”
EZK	1	16	du8h	figs-abstractnouns		0	the four had the same likeness	Here the abstract noun “likeness” refers to what the four wheels looked like. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “all four of the wheels looked the same” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	16	q9kt	figs-abstractnouns		0	their appearance and structure was like a wheel intersecting another wheel	The abstract nouns “appearance” and “structure” can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “they appeared to be made with one wheel going through another wheel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	17	d4vz			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel continues to describe his vision.
EZK	1	17	yzc3			0	they went in any of their four directions	Possible meanings are (1) “their” refers to the creatures. Alternate translation: “they would go straight in any one of the four directions that the creatures looked towards” or (2) “their” refers to the wheels.
EZK	1	18	tsz7			0	As for their rims	“This is what the rims of the wheels looked like”
EZK	1	18	j5l2			0	they were high and fearsome	“the rims were very tall and awe-inspiring” or “the rims where tall and frightening”
EZK	1	18	q999			0	for the rims were full of eyes round about	“because the rims had very many eyes around all four of the wheels”
EZK	1	19	pwu8	figs-explicit		0	When the living creatures rose up from the earth	The creatures were flying in the air after they left the ground. Alternate translation: “So when the creatures left the ground and went up into the air” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	1	19	c3bw			0	the wheels also rose up	“the wheels also left the ground and went into the air”
EZK	1	20	q1gf			0	Wherever the Spirit would go, they went	The word “they” refers to the creatures.
EZK	1	20	i3ax			0	the wheels rose up beside them	“the wheels went up into the air with the living creatures”
EZK	1	20	sqv9	figs-idiom		0	the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels	Possible meanings are (1) Ezekiel is speaking of the “creatures” of verse 19 as if they were one creature. Alternate translation: “the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels” or (2) Ezekiel is using an idiom. Alternate translation: “the spirit of life was in the wheels” or “the living spirit was in the wheels” or (3) the spirit in the creatures and in the wheels is the same. Alternate translation: “the same spirit that gave life to the creatures also gave life to the wheels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	1	22	ikj7	figs-abstractnouns		0	the likeness of an expansive dome	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like “an expansive dome.” The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “what looked like an expansive dome” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	22	l6f5			0	an expansive dome	A dome looks like a hollow ball that is cut in half. “Expansive” means very large. “a huge upside-down bowl”
EZK	1	22	hu3m			0	awe-inspiring crystal	“awe-inspiring ice” or “crystal that makes people marvel when they look at it”
EZK	1	22	unz5			0	stretched out over their heads above	“and the expansive dome was spread out above the heads of the creatures” or “and the expansive dome took up a lot of space over the heads of the creatures”
EZK	1	23	w3ga			0	Beneath the dome	“under the dome”
EZK	1	23	h3u3			0	Each of the living creatures also had a pair to cover themselves; each had a pair to cover his own body	“Each of the living creatures also had two other wings, which they used to cover their bodies”
EZK	1	24	kdw7			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about his vision of the living creatures.
EZK	1	24	x6cx			0	Then I heard the sound of their wings. Like the noise of many waters. Like the voice of the Almighty whenever they moved. Like	Other possible meanings are that the words “whenever they moved” refer to (1) all the words before them in this verse, “Whenever they moved, I heard the sound of their wings. Like the noise of rushing water. Like the voice of the Almighty. Like” or (2) to the words that follow, “wings. Like the noise of rushing water. Like the voice of the Almighty. Whenever they moved, it sounded like.”
EZK	1	24	nht8	figs-simile		0	Like…waters. Like…moved. Like…rainstorm. Like…army.	These sentences are not complete because Ezekiel was showing that he was excited about what he saw. They can be translated as complete sentences: “The wings sounded like…water. They sounded like…moved. They sounded like…rainstorm. They sounded like…army.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	1	24	pa6v			0	many waters	This simply means “a lot of water.” It could refer to a loud river or a large waterfall or the waves crashing at the ocean. All of these are very loud.
EZK	1	24	a1wk	figs-metonymy		0	Like the voice of the Almighty	The Bible sometimes refers to thunder as “the voice of the Almighty.” Alternate translation: “It sounded like the voice of the Almighty God” or “It sounded like the thunder of the Almighty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	1	24	ii8k	figs-simile		0	Like the sound of a rainstorm	Possible meanings are: (1) “Like the sound of very big storm” or (2) “Like the sound of a very large crowd of people” Alternate translation: “There was a sound that was loud like a big storm” or “There was a sound that was loud like a very large crowd of people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	1	24	m4zj			0	Whenever they stood still	“Whenever the creatures stopped moving”
EZK	1	24	lip7			0	they lowered their wings	“the creatures let their wings hang down by their sides.” They did this when they were not using their wings to fly.
EZK	1	25	fdh7			0	A voice came from above the dome	“Someone who was above the dome spoke.” If you need to tell whose voice this is, you should probably identify it as the voice of Yahweh ([Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md)).
EZK	1	25	c7rf			0	the dome over their heads	“the dome that was over the heads of the creatures”
EZK	1	25	vx4w			0	the dome	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:23](../01/23.md).
EZK	1	26	pwr1			0	over their heads	“over the heads of the living creatures”
EZK	1	26	v6pz	figs-abstractnouns		0	was the likeness of a throne	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like a throne. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “was something that looked like a throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	26	dds3			0	sapphire	a very valuable stone that is clear blue and very shiny
EZK	1	26	fx3x	figs-abstractnouns		0	on the likeness of the throne was	The abstract noun “likeness” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “on what looked like a throne there was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	26	npv7	figs-abstractnouns		0	a likeness like the appearance of a man	The abstract nouns “likeness” and “appearance” can be translated with verbal phrases. If you need to tell who this is, you should probably identify him as Yahweh ([Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md)). Alternate translation: “something that looked similar to what appeared to be a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	27	l9mf			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision.
EZK	1	27	t3wg	figs-abstractnouns		0	from the appearance of his hips up	The person’s body above the hips looked like glowing metal that had fire in it. The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “from what appeared to be his hips up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	27	f7ri	figs-abstractnouns		0	from the appearance of his hips downward the appearance of fire and brightness all around	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “all around him below what appeared to be his hips, I saw what looked like fire and a bright light” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	28	ju5f	figs-abstractnouns		0	Like the appearance of a rainbow in the clouds on a rainy day was the appearance of the bright light surrounding it	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The brightness surrounding it appeared to be like the way a rainbow appears in the clouds on a rainy day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	28	qe4p			0	rainbow	the colorful strip of light that appears in the rain when the sun shines from behind the viewer
EZK	1	28	eww3	figs-abstractnouns		0	It was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of Yahweh	The abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like the glory of Yahweh. Both “appearance” and “likeness” can be translated as with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “It appeared to be what looked like the glory of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	1	28	x337	figs-idiom		0	I fell on my face	“I bowed down to the ground” or “I lay on the ground.” Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	1	28	xf7s	figs-metonymy		0	I heard a voice speaking	The word “voice” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “I heard someone speaking” or “Someone spoke, and I heard his voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	2	intro	pp1p			0		# Ezekiel 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Ezekiel’s call continues in this chapter. God appointed Ezekiel to be a prophet but warned him that the people were very rebellious and would not listen to him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	2	1	k2gu			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision that he saw.
EZK	2	1	jk2d			0	He said to me	If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify the speaker as the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)). It was not “the Spirit.”
EZK	2	1	djp4			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	2	2	nf31			0	the Spirit	Other possible meanings are (1) “a spirit” or (2) “a wind.”
EZK	2	3	rd8n			0	up to this very day	“even now” or “even today.” This means that the people of Israel were continuing to disobey God.
EZK	2	4	f7ws			0	General Information:	God continues to speak to Ezekiel.
EZK	2	4	nn58			0	Their descendants	the descendants of the past generations of Israel who had rebelled against God, referring to the people living in Israel at the time Ezekiel writes
EZK	2	4	iw3p			0	have stubborn faces	“have expression on their faces that show that they are stubborn”
EZK	2	4	s6jn	figs-doublet		0	stubborn faces and hard hearts	The words “stubborn faces” refer to the way they act on the outside, and the words “hard hearts” refer to the way they think and feel. Together they emphasize that the people of Israel would not change how they lived in order to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	2	4	bi27			0	stubborn	This describes a person who refuses to change what he thinks or what he is doing.
EZK	2	4	nx1c	figs-metaphor		0	hard hearts	Rocks never change and become soft, and these people never change and become sorry when they do evil things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	2	5	k6vh	figs-metonymy		0	house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate translation: “people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	2	5	g4a6			0	a prophet has been among them	“the one whom they have refused to listen to was a prophet”
EZK	2	6	p26z			0	General Information:	God continues to speak to Ezekiel
EZK	2	6	cd8n			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	2	6	z8yl	figs-metaphor		0	briers and thorns and…scorpions	These words describe the people of Israel who will not treat Ezekiel kindly when he tells them what God says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	2	6	jsb2			0	briers and thorns	Briers are bushes with sharp points on the branches. The sharp points on the branches are called thorns.
EZK	2	6	s9um			0	scorpions	A scorpion is a small animal with two front claws, six legs, and a large tail with a poisonous stinger. Its sting is very painful.
EZK	2	6	typ2			0	Do not fear their words	“Do not be afraid of what they say.”
EZK	2	6	k1u5	figs-metonymy		0	be dismayed by their faces	The words “their faces” are a metonym for the message the people express with their faces. Alternate translation: “lose your desire to serve me because of the way they look at you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	2	7	r72s			0	General Information:	God continues to speak to Ezekiel.
EZK	2	7	phz2			0	are most rebellious	“are very rebellious” or “totally rebel against me”
EZK	2	8	ndb7	figs-metonymy		0	house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	2	9	p6fn			0	a hand was extended out to me	It was as if (1) a person in the heavens had extended his hand out toward Ezekiel and all Ezekiel could see was from the hand to the elbow or shoulder or (2) the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)) extended his hand.
EZK	2	9	h5d1			0	a written scroll	“a scroll that had writing on it”
EZK	2	10	mxi2			0	He spread it out	The word “He” refers to the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)).
EZK	2	10	h57t	figs-activepassive		0	it had been written on both its front and back	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone had written on both its front and its back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	2	10	vh4l	figs-abstractnouns		0	written on it were lamentations, mourning, and woe	This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns “lamentations,” “mourning,” and “woe.” Alternate translation: “someone had written on it that these people would lament, be sad the way they would be if someone they loved had died, and have bad things happen to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	3	intro	g699			0		# Ezekiel 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Ezekiel’s call concludes in this chapter. God told Ezekiel more about what he should say to the people and how he should say it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/call]])
EZK	3	1	u74t			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision that he saw.
EZK	3	1	brw3			0	He said to me	The word “He” refers to the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)).
EZK	3	1	j5ix			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	3	1	ze6y			0	what you have found	This refers to the scroll that God was giving him ([Ezekiel 2:9](../02/09.md)).
EZK	3	1	vqx6	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	2	zj66			0	that scroll	Many versions have “the scroll” or “this scroll.”
EZK	3	3	ky32			0	feed your belly and fill your stomach with this scroll	The word “belly” refers to the part of the body people can see from the outside. The word “stomach” refers to the internal organs inside the belly.
EZK	3	3	hl4l			0	it was as sweet as honey	Honey tastes sweet, and the scroll tasted sweet.
EZK	3	4	n2bh			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision that he saw.
EZK	3	4	m9d9			0	he said to me	If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify the speaker as the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)). It was not “the Spirit.”
EZK	3	4	sch3	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	6	t81j			0	of strange speech or a difficult language	“who speak a strange or difficult language”
EZK	3	6	gnx2			0	not to many peoples of strange speech	“I am not sending you to a mighty nation whose people speak a strange language”
EZK	3	6	xr55	figs-hypo		0	if I sent you to them, they would have listened to you	This is a hypothetical situation that could have happened but did not. Yahweh did not send Ezekiel to people who did not understand his language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
EZK	3	6	f2qs			0	if I sent you to them	The word “them” refers to a mighty nation other than Israel.
EZK	3	7	w94c	figs-doublet		0	strong browed and hard hearted	These mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “very rebellious” or “very stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	3	7	m967	figs-idiom		0	strong browed	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “unwilling to change” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	3	7	sq7w	figs-metaphor		0	hard hearted	This phrase suggests that the people resist God and are unwilling to obey him. The heart is used to describe the place in the body where a person decides what they want to do. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	8	bx39			0	General Information:	The Spirit of God continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	3	8	d8jm			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here alerts Ezekiel to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	3	8	sx8p	figs-metaphor		0	I have made your face as hard as their faces	A hard face is a metaphor for being stubborn. Alternate translation: “I have made you as stubborn as they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	8	zi9j	figs-metonymy		0	I have made…your brow as hard as their brows	The “brow” is the forehead or eyebrow and is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate translation: “I have made…you strong so you will not stop doing what you are doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	9	ij8a			0	I have made your brow like a diamond, harder than flint	“I have made your brow like the hardest stone, harder than flint”
EZK	3	9	rz3c			0	flint	a stone that is hard enough to start a fire by hitting it with metal or another stone
EZK	3	9	z3m8	figs-metonymy		0	house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	10	z6et	figs-metonymy		0	take them into your heart and hear them with your ears	Here “heart” represents a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “remember them and listen carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	11	len2			0	Then go to the captives	The word “captives” refers to the people of Israel who were living in Babylon.
EZK	3	11	e5ix			0	your people	“your people group.” Ezekiel had lived in Judah before the Babylonians took him to Babylon.
EZK	3	11	p7ah			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	3	12	k5yc			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues telling about the vision he saw.
EZK	3	12	it6a			0	I heard behind me the sound of a great earthquake: “Blessed be the glory of Yahweh from his place!”	Some versions take “Blessed…place!” as a words that the “great earthquake” spoke: “I heard behind me the sound of a great earthquake, which said, ‘Blessed be the glory of Yahweh from his place!’” Others understand the sound of the earthquake as the sound of the glory of Yahweh leaving his place, “as the glory of Yahweh left its place, I heard behind me the sound of a great earthquake.”
EZK	3	12	pl7p			0	the sound of a great earthquake	It is not clear if the sound came from an earthquake, from a voice that was loud like an earthquake, or from the wings and wheels. Alternate translation: “a sound like the sound of a great earthquake” or “a voice speaking; the voice sounded like a great earthquake” or “a loud rumbling noise”
EZK	3	12	xj77			0	the glory of Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md).
EZK	3	12	uf64			0	the sound of a great earthquake	“a loud, deep and powerful rumbling sound like the sound of an earthquake”
EZK	3	14	h4qw			0	General Information:	Ezekiel seems to have been angry because Yahweh had sent him to speak to the Israelite exiles, thus rebelling against Yahweh himself. Though he was supposed to speak to them, he sat in silence for seven days, even though he could feel the anger of Yahweh “powerfully pressing on” him.
EZK	3	14	t94w			0	away, and I went with bitterness in my spirit’s rage	The words “bitterness” and “rage” are types of anger. This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “away. I was bitter and my spirit was full of anger” or “away. I was very bitter and angry”
EZK	3	14	x1uf	figs-metaphor		0	bitterness	Ezekiel speaks of his anger at Yahweh as if there were a bad taste in his mouth because Yahweh had forced him to eat something that tasted bad. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	14	w8rt	figs-metaphor		0	for the hand of Yahweh was powerfully pressing on me	Ezekiel speaks of being sad and tired because Yahweh had commanded him to do things he did not want to do as if Yahweh were pushing him down into the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	14	llb2	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of Yahweh	Possible meanings are (1) the word “hand” is often used to refer to someone’s power or action. Alternate translation: “the power of Yahweh” or (2) Ezekiel knew that Yahweh was angry with him because he was not obeying Yahweh by speaking to the Israelite exiles. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	15	i5bx	translate-names		0	Tel Aviv	A town in Babylon, about 80 kilometers southeast of the main city, which was also called Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	3	15	bin3			0	the Kebar Canal	This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:1](../01/01.md).
EZK	3	15	n8yl			0	overwhelmed in amazement	“unable to do anything because I was so amazed”
EZK	3	16	gj4t			0	General Information:	Ezekiel tells about his experience at Tel-Aviv.
EZK	3	16	ul6w	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	3	17	rf13	figs-metaphor		0	watchman	God told Ezekiel to warn the people of Israel just as a watchman would warn the people of a city if enemies were coming, so that they could prepare and be safe. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	17	xc2d	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	18	gn56			0	the wicked	“wicked people”
EZK	3	18	b5pw	figs-idiom		0	require his blood from your hand	This is an idiom for holding someone responsible or guilty of murder. Alternate translation: “treat you as if you had murdered him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	3	19	hrf4	figs-doublet		0	he does not turn from his wickedness or from his wicked deeds	The phrase “wicked deeds” means the same thing as “wickedness.” Alternate translation: “he does not stop doing wicked things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	3	20	d1iz	figs-metaphor		0	set a stumbling block before him	Possible meanings are (1) “make something bad happen to him” or (2) “cause him to sin openly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	3	20	gm4t			0	he will die in his sin	“he will die as a sinner” or “he will die as a guilty person because he has disobeyed me”
EZK	3	20	wji4	figs-idiom		0	I will require his blood from your hand	This is an idiom for holding someone responsible or guilty of murder. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate translation: “I will treat you as if you had murdered him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	3	21	e9i5	figs-activepassive		0	since he was warned	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “since you warned him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	3	22	w1ch	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of Yahweh	The word “hand” is often used to refer to someone’s power or action. Alternate translation: “the power of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	23	ij9h			0	the glory of Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md).
EZK	3	23	ul8f			0	the Kebar Canal	This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:1](../01/01.md).
EZK	3	23	l7j5	figs-idiom		0	I fell on my face	“I bowed down to the ground” or “I lay on the ground.” Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	3	24	r8ve			0	he spoke with me	If your language has to identify the one speaking, it would be best to identify the speaker as the “one who looked like a man” ([Ezekiel 1:26](../01/26.md)). It was not “the Spirit.”
EZK	3	25	f4fp			0	they will place ropes upon you and tie you so you cannot go out among them	This is best translated literally.
EZK	3	26	fy8s			0	General Information:	The Spirit continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	3	26	en24			0	the roof of your mouth	“the top of your mouth”
EZK	3	26	w5g2			0	you will be mute	“you will not be able to speak”
EZK	3	26	z3pl	figs-metonymy		0	house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	3	27	pfr1			0	I will open your mouth	“I will make you able to speak”
EZK	3	27	sy4s			0	the one who will not listen will not listen	“the one who refuses to listen will not listen”
EZK	3	27	v6ss			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	4	intro	dz5i			0		# Ezekiel 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Destruction of Jerusalem<br>The destruction of Jerusalem is pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the lack of food and water that would occur during the siege of Jerusalem.
EZK	4	1	r8ry			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. He tells Ezekiel to take a brick and dirt and pieces of wood and act as if he were Yahweh destroying the city of Jerusalem.
EZK	4	1	thl9			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	4	1	cn59	figs-explicit		0	carve the city of Jerusalem	You may need to make explicit that Ezekiel is to carve a picture. Alternate translation: “carve a picture of the city of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	4	2	hk4u			0	lay siege against it	“surround the city in order to capture it”
EZK	4	2	vr6r			0	build forts against it	“build strong walls against it.” The walls would keep people from leaving the city.
EZK	4	2	mfb8			0	Raise up an assault ramp against it	“Build a ramp outside of it for the enemies to get inside.” Jerusalem had a wall around it to protect the people inside. The enemies could only get inside if they had a ramp to climb up over the wall.
EZK	4	2	mdb4			0	Place battering rams all around it	“Set around it huge poles people would use to break down the gates and get inside.” “Battering rams” are large trees or poles that many men in an army would pick up and hit against a wall or door so they could break it down and get inside.
EZK	4	3	d88y	translate-symaction		0	set your face against it	This is a command to stare at the model of the city as a symbol of punishing the city. Alternate translation: “stare at the city” or “stare at the city so that it will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	4	3	cv8u	figs-metonymy		0	set your face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set your face” refers to literally staring at something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	3	vw5k	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	4	q5jk			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	4	4	qk6z			0	put the sin of the house of Israel on it	Possible meanings are (1) “symbolically bear the punishment for the sins of the Israelites” or (2) “suffer by lying on your side because of their sin.”
EZK	4	4	tm3q	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	4	kkq5			0	you will carry their sin	Possible meanings are (1) “you will be guilty of their sin” or (2) “you will be punished for their sin.” Either of these meanings will be demonstrated “symbolically” by Ezekiel as noted in the UST.
EZK	4	4	u5yy			0	lie down against the house of Israel	“lie facing the kingdom of Israel in a hostile manner”
EZK	4	5	in3l			0	I myself am assigning to you one day to represent each year of their punishment	“I myself command you to lie on your side for the same number of days as the number of years that I will punish them”
EZK	4	5	rx67			0	each year of their punishment	Possible meanings are (1) each year that they will be punished for their sins or (2) each year that they have sinned.
EZK	4	5	wq3e	translate-numbers		0	390 days	“three hundred and ninety days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZK	4	6	qwn4			0	General Information:	The Spirit continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	4	6	y7xn			0	these days	the days Ezekiel lies down on his left side to illustrate the siege of the kingdom of Israel
EZK	4	6	s4h8			0	you will carry the sin	Possible meanings are (1) “you will be guilty of the sin” or (2) “you will be punished for the sin.” Either of these meanings will be demonstrated symbolically by Ezekiel as noted in the UST. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 4:4](../04/04.md).
EZK	4	6	a25b	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Judah	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Judah people group” or “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	6	iys6			0	I am assigning to you one day for each year	“I will make you do this one day for each year that I will punish them”
EZK	4	7	t4rt	translate-symaction		0	Set your face toward Jerusalem that is under siege	This is a command to stare at the model of Jerusalem as a symbol of punishing Jerusalem. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: “Stare at Jerusalem that is under siege” or “Stare at Jerusalem that is under siege, so that it will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	4	7	knw2	figs-metonymy		0	Set your face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze. “Set your face” refers to literally staring at something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	7	w7t8			0	prophesy against it	“prophesy about the bad things that will happen to Jerusalem”
EZK	4	8	e9sf			0	For behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	4	8	lua4	figs-metaphor		0	I am placing bonds on you	Bonds are ropes or chains that keep a person from moving. It is not clear whether the word “bonds” is a metaphor for something Yahweh does that is as if he had bound Ezekiel or if he is using literal, physical ropes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	4	9	u9gx			0	General Information:	The Spirit continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	4	9	vw5v			0	wheat, barley…millet, and spelt	These are different kinds of grains.
EZK	4	9	cig3			0	beans	vines whose seeds, which grow in a single row inside its otherwise empty fruit, can be eaten
EZK	4	9	q8id	translate-unknown		0	lentils	These are like beans, but their seeds are very small, round, and somewhat flat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	4	9	tc9t	translate-numbers		0	390 days	“three hundred and ninety days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZK	4	10	q6cb	translate-numbers		0	twenty shekels per day	“20 shekels per day.” A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: 200 grams of bread each day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZK	4	11	ba5e	translate-bvolume		0	a sixth of a hin	“1/6 hin” or “a sixth part of a hin” or “about one-half liter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EZK	4	11	b9rp	translate-bvolume		0	a hin	A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZK	4	12	z3cp			0	General Information:	The Spirit continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	4	12	wgs2			0	You will eat it	The word “it” refers to the bread ([Ezekiel 4:9](../04/09.md)).
EZK	4	12	esy6	translate-unknown		0	barley cakes	flat bread made of barley ([Ezekiel 4:9](../04/09.md)) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	4	12	se16			0	you will bake it on excrement of human dung	“you will cook it over a fire made with pieces of human solid waste.” Your language may have a way of expressing this politely.
EZK	4	13	kli6			0	will banish	will send away by force
EZK	4	14	nb2f			0	Alas, Lord Yahweh	“Lord Yahweh, it would be wrong for me to do that.” Ezekiel is very troubled by what the Lord has told him to do.
EZK	4	14	px83			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md). Here Ezekiel is speaking to the Lord.
EZK	4	14	a59d			0	foul meat has never entered my mouth	“I have never eaten foul meat”
EZK	4	14	lc8j			0	foul meat	“disgusting, unclean meat.” This refers to meat that is unclean because it has come from an animal that has died of sickness or old age or was killed by another animal. The word “foul” shows his disgust over meat like this.
EZK	4	15	n64y			0	Look	“Listen” or “Pay attention to the important thing I will tell you now”
EZK	4	15	zf4y			0	I have given you	“I will allow you to use”
EZK	4	15	g35w			0	cow manure	solid waste from cows. Your language may have a polite way of expressing this.
EZK	4	15	l517			0	human dung	solid waste from humans. Your language may have a polite way of expressing this. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:12](../04/12.md).
EZK	4	16	w9yv			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	4	16	s5sw			0	I am breaking the staff of bread in Jerusalem	“I will stop the supply of food to Jerusalem”
EZK	4	16	f6dt	figs-metaphor		0	the staff of bread	The supply is called a staff because some people need a staff to walk and do their work, and people need bread to live. Bread represents all kinds of food. Alternate translation: “the supply of food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	4	16	i35y	figs-explicit		0	they will eat bread while rationing it in anxiety	You may need to make explicit why they will ration the bread. “they will carefully divide their bread because they fear that there will not be enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	4	16	kdq7			0	rationing	giving small amounts of something of which there is not enough to many people
EZK	4	16	xi3f	figs-metonymy		0	rationing it in trembling	The word “shaking” is a metaphor for being afraid and “trembling” represents fear. Alternate translation: “rationing it while shaking” or “rationing it in fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	4	17	s15b	figs-explicit		0	every man will be dismayed at his brother and waste away	Possible meanings are (1) “everyone will look at his brother and worry about how much food his brother eats and waste away” or (2) “every one of them will be dismayed and waste away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	4	17	bv4j	figs-metaphor		0	waste away	The phrase “waste away” is usually used of flesh or wood rotting. Here it is a metaphor for wicked people becoming thin and dying because they have no food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	5	intro	hus5			0		# Ezekiel 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The destruction of Jerusalem<br>The destruction of Jerusalem is continued to be pictured in this chapter. Ezekiel showed the destruction of Jerusalem by fire and war.
EZK	5	1	mvw5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. All instances of “the city” refer to the “city” that Ezekiel carved onto the brick ([Ezekiel 4:1](../04/01.md)).
EZK	5	1	wtm2			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	5	1	het3			0	barber’s razor	“blade for cutting hair”
EZK	5	1	p4tg			0	pass the razor over your head and your beard	“shave your head and your face” or “remove the hair from your head and the beard from your face”
EZK	5	2	x7gj	translate-fraction		0	Burn a third of it	“Burn a third of your hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EZK	5	2	v81v			0	midst	middle
EZK	5	2	p3xt			0	when the days of the siege are completed	“when the days of Jerusalem’s siege have ended” or “when the days have ended that you show how Jerusalem will put under siege”
EZK	5	2	iaa8	translate-fraction		0	take a third of the hair	“take one of the three piles of hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EZK	5	2	d8s1			0	strike it with the sword all around the city	“hit it with your sword all over the city”
EZK	5	2	aye1	translate-fraction		0	scatter a third of it to the wind	“let the wind blow the last third of your hair in different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
EZK	5	2	b6bf	figs-metonymy		0	I will draw out a sword to chase after the people	The word “sword” is a metonym for enemy soldiers who will attack with their swords, and to “draw out a sword” is to send the soldiers into battle. Alternate translation: “I will cause their enemies to pursue them and attack them with swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	5	2	f2fx			0	I will draw out a sword	“I will pull a sword out of its container”
EZK	5	3	aw1j			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Ezekiel.
EZK	5	3	y2te			0	a small number of hairs from them	“a few hairs from the piles”
EZK	5	3	vva4			0	tie them	The word “them” refers to the hairs. Possible meanings are (1) the hairs were long enough so Ezekiel could tie them or (2) Ezekiel was to sew the hairs or otherwise attach them (3) Ezekiel was to place the hairs loosely in a fold of the garment.
EZK	5	3	m7jf			0	the folds of your robe	Possible meanings are (1) “the cloth on your arms” (“your sleeves”) or (2) “the end of the cloth on your robe” (“your hem”) or (3) the fold in the garment where it is tucked into the belt.
EZK	5	4	qx1e	figs-events		0	Then take	This continues the instructions Yahweh gives to Ezekiel beginning with the words “But take” in verse 3. Ezekiel was to “take a small number of hairs” and “take more of the hair and throw it” when he shaved his hair and beard ([Ezekiel 5:1](../05/01.md)) and before he burned the hair ([Ezekiel 5:2](../05/02.md)). You may need to place these verses before those verses. “But when you shave off your hair and beard, and before you burn them, take…After you have scattered the hair to the wind, then take” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
EZK	5	4	k7tv	figs-metaphor		0	from there a fire will go out to all the house of Israel	“from there a fire will spread out and burn up all the people of Israel.” Yahweh speaks of how he will punish Israel as if he were going to set fire to a house and of the people of Israel as if they were the family that lives in that house but were at that time outside the house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	5	4	isu2	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	5	5	r35t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak.
EZK	5	5	g9gl			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	5	5	rka7			0	This is Jerusalem	“This carving represents Jerusalem” ([Ezekiel 4:1](../04/01.md))
EZK	5	5	a826			0	in the midst of the nations	Possible meanings are (1) other nations were on all sides of Jerusalem or (2) “more important than all other nations.”
EZK	5	5	k186	figs-personification		0	I have placed her	Jerusalem is referred to as “her” and “she.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	5	5	qg7v			0	other lands	“the neighboring countries” or “the countries around her”
EZK	5	6	hl49			0	The people have rejected my judgments	“The people of Israel and Jerusalem have refused to obey my judgments.”
EZK	5	7	ap1f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah.
EZK	5	7	puk4			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	5	7	e8dd			0	Because you are more troublesome than	“because your sinfulness is worse than” or “because you are more unruly than”
EZK	5	7	ijp8			0	that surround you	“that are all around you.”
EZK	5	7	a52g	figs-metaphor		0	have not walked in my statutes	Walking is a metaphor for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “have not lived according to my statutes” or “have not obeyed my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	5	7	vkc9			0	or acted according to my decrees	“or obeyed my decrees”
EZK	5	8	h1x6			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	5	8	xp3l			0	I will execute judgments within your midst	“I will judge you in various ways” or “I will punish you” .
EZK	5	9	rsh8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel and Jerusalem.
EZK	5	9	kbb8			0	what I have not done and the like of which I will not do again	“as I have not done before and will not do in a similar way again” or “like I have never done before and will never do again” .
EZK	5	9	v2eb			0	because of all your disgusting actions	“because of all the disgusting things you do.” God was angry because the people were worshiping idols and false gods.
EZK	5	10	k7dn			0	fathers will eat the children in your midst, and sons will eat their fathers	Ezekiel is probably telling what will really happen when the people have no food.
EZK	5	10	f8kj			0	I will execute judgment on you	“I will judge you” or “I will punish you severely”
EZK	5	10	n6c5			0	scatter to every direction all of you who are left	“I will force all of you who are left to go to different places.”
EZK	5	11	lpw2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah.
EZK	5	11	e2zn			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	5	11	hg2m			0	defiled…sanctuary	ruined the place that Yahweh had set aside to be only for his use
EZK	5	11	z6sh	figs-explicit		0	with all your hateful things	“with all of those things of yours that I hate.” You may need to make explicit that this refers to idols: “with all your idols, which I hate” or “with all your disgusting idols.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	5	11	my31			0	with all your disgusting deeds	“with all the disgusting things that you do”
EZK	5	11	i3z4	figs-synecdoche		0	my eye will not have pity on you	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “I will not pity you” (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	5	11	r14z			0	I will not spare you	“I will surely punish you”
EZK	5	12	a3ye			0	they will be consumed by famine in your midst	“many of them will die because of famine”
EZK	5	13	z68n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah.
EZK	5	13	az69			0	my wrath will be completed	“I will no longer be angry because I will have done everything I wanted to do because I was angry”
EZK	5	13	w8xw	figs-metonymy		0	I will cause my fury toward them to rest	The word “fury” means violent anger, and here it is a metonym for punishment. “I will stop punishing them because I will have punished them fully.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	5	13	b1ac	figs-explicit		0	I will be satisfied	You may need to make explicit why Yahweh will be satisfied. Alternate translation: “I will be satisfied that I have punished them enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	5	13	dxx1			0	when I have completed my fury against them	“when I have finished punishing them”
EZK	5	15	ik2z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah.
EZK	5	15	aiv4	figs-doublet		0	in wrath and fury	The words “wrath” and “fury” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is very angry. Alternate translation: “because I will be very angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	5	16	pk83	figs-metonymy		0	will send out harsh arrows of famine against you	The word “arrows” is a metonym for the sharp pains that people feel when they have had no food for a long time. Alternate translation: “will make you feel the pain of intense hunger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	5	16	tq5n			0	increase the famine on you	“make the famine more severe for you” or “make the famine last longer for you” or “make sure that there is less and less for you to eat”
EZK	5	16	y84u	figs-metaphor		0	break your staff of bread	A “staff” was something that people leaned upon to support them. This phrase is a metaphor that means removing the supply of food that the people were depending upon. See how “staff of bread” is translated in [Ezekiel 4:16](../04/16.md). Alternate translation: “cut off your food supply” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	5	17	k7kf	figs-personification		0	Plague and blood will pass through you	Sickness and violent death are spoken of as if they were soldiers going through the city killing everyone they could. Alternate translation: “Many people will die of disease, and many others will die in war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	6	intro	j871			0		# Ezekiel 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Shrines on the hill tops<br><br>God will destroy all those who have been worshiping idols at the hill top shrines.
EZK	6	1	ih46	figs-apostrophe		0	General Information:	Yahweh is telling Ezekiel to speak to the mountains as if they were people so that the people of Israel would hear the words and know that Ezekiel’s words were for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
EZK	6	1	x3yv	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	6	2	hip9			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	6	2	u6qp	translate-symaction		0	set your face against the mountains of Israel	This is a command to stare at the mountains as a symbol of punishing the people there. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: “stare at the mountains of Israel” or “stare at the mountains of Israel so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	6	2	guc4	translate-symaction		0	set your face against the mountains of Israel	The mountains of Israel were far away, so Ezekiel could not see them, but staring in that direction would be a symbol of harming it. Alternate translation: “turn toward the mountains of Israel and stare” or “stare toward the mountains of Israel so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	6	2	s98w	figs-metonymy		0	set your face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	6	2	e98m			0	the mountains of Israel	“the mountains in the land of Israel”
EZK	6	3	uy62			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	6	3	ev2k			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	6	3	c5nh	figs-metonymy		0	I am bringing a sword against you	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: “I am bringing soldiers to come and kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	6	4	i987			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	6	4	sc5d	figs-activepassive		0	Then your altars will become desolate and your pillars will be destroyed	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will no longer worship at your altars and your enemy will destroy your pillars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	4	kbs8	figs-explicit		0	I will throw down	Yahweh was speaking of sending soldiers ([Ezekiel 6:3](../06/03.md)) to do these things. Alternate translation: “I will send soldiers to throw down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	6	4	yv9q			0	your dead	“your people who have died”
EZK	6	5	utv5	figs-explicit		0	I will lay…and scatter	Yahweh was speaking of sending soldiers ([Ezekiel 6:3](../06/03.md)) to do these things. Alternate translation: “I will send soldiers to lay…and scatter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	6	6	k4gp			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	6	6	ri8t	figs-activepassive		0	cities will be laid waste	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Enemy armies will lay waste your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	6	iff1	figs-activepassive		0	they will be broken	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “enemy armies will break your altars” or “enemy armies will break them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	6	ez3w	figs-activepassive		0	your pillars will be cut down	This can be translated in active form. See how you translated “pillars” in [Ezekiel 6:4](../06/04.md). Alternate translation: “they will cut down your pillars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	6	qj8a	figs-activepassive		0	your works will be wiped away	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will remember what you have done” or “they will destroy everything you have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	7	ye9a			0	The dead will fall down in your midst	“You will see the enemy kill many people”
EZK	6	7	i3ub	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	6	8	x38q			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	6	8	p3b3	figs-metonymy		0	some who escape the sword	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: “some whom the soldiers do not kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	6	8	luc8	figs-activepassive		0	when you are scattered throughout the countries	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “when I scatter you in different countries” or “when I force you to live in other countries” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	6	9	nw31	figs-synecdoche		0	I was grieved by their promiscuous heart that turned away from me	Yahweh speaks of the Israelites as if they were a woman who sleeps with many people. Alternate translation: “I was sad because they were like a wife who has left me to sleep with other men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	6	9	quq7	figs-synecdoche		0	by their eyes that whored after their idols	Yahweh speaks of the Israelites as if they were a married woman who looks at other men and desires to sleep with them. Alternate translation: “by the way they desired strongly to worship idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	6	9	cul8			0	they will show loathing on their face for the wickedness which they have committed	Possible meanings are (1) “their faces will show that they hate themselves because of the wicked things they have done” or (2) “their faces will show that they hate the wicked things that they have done.”
EZK	6	11	tpg3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Ezekiel.
EZK	6	11	e96i	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	6	11	wif1			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	6	11	v6gt	writing-symlanguage		0	Clap your hands and stomp your foot	Ezekiel was to do this symbolic action to get the people’s attention. This was not applause. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
EZK	6	11	nb8l			0	Alas	This word is spoken by those who see people doing bad things and realize that bad things will happen to the evildoers as a result. If your language has a similar word, you might want to use it here.
EZK	6	11	w4c1	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	6	11	kds2			0	they will fall by sword, famine, and plague.	To “fall” is a euphemism for to “die.” The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation:
EZK	6	12	cu81			0	I will accomplish my fury against them	“I will satisfy my anger against them” or “I will punish them until I am no longer angry”
EZK	6	13	n7bh			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	6	13	rr6w			0	hill—on all the mountain peaks, and under every flourishing tree and thick oak	Another possible meaning is “hill, on all the mountain peaks, under every flourishing tree, and under every thick oak.”
EZK	6	13	txr9			0	flourishing	healthy and growing
EZK	6	13	v2z8			0	oak	a large tree with strong wood that provided shade for worshipers
EZK	6	14	nw61	translate-names		0	Diblah	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	7	intro	rti1			0		# Ezekiel 07 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Now is the time for punishment<br><br>The people will be punished severely for their idol worship and the temple will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	7	1	y1pz			0	General Information:	This starts God’s prophecy of judgment on Israel.
EZK	7	1	kts6	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	7	2	q227	figs-123person		0	the Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	7	2	cz5j			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	7	2	pvc3	figs-metonymy		0	to the land of Israel	The word “land” is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate translation: “to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	7	2	j9de			0	An end!	“The end has come!”
EZK	7	2	m6is			0	the four borders of the land	“the entire land” The “four borders” are to the north, east, south, and west.
EZK	7	3	t8wc			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	7	3	rmc8	figs-personification		0	the end is upon you	The “end” is spoken of as if it were a robber attacking the people. Alternate translation: “your life is finished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	7	3	ty13	figs-metaphor		0	I am sending out my wrath on you	“Wrath” is spoken of as if it were an arrow that Yahweh was shooting at the people. Alternate translation: “I am angry, and I will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	7	3	yt4u			0	according to your ways	“according to the things you do” or “because of the wicked things you do”
EZK	7	3	d31i			0	I will bring all your abominations upon you	“I will punish you for doing those things that I hate so much”
EZK	7	4	s8xd	figs-synecdoche		0	For my eyes will not pity you	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “For I will not pity you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	7	4	n5vz	figs-metaphor		0	I will bring your ways upon you	The way a person lives is spoken of as a path on which one walks. Alternate translation: “I will punish you for the things you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	7	4	r54l			0	your abominations will be in your midst	Possible meanings are (1) “I will punish all of you because of your abominations” or (2) “this will happen as long as you continue to worship idols.”
EZK	7	4	u9s9	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	7	5	p6dg			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	7	5	mg8u	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	7	5	pr6h			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	7	5	jx8l			0	Disaster! A unique disaster! Behold, it is coming.	These exclamations are meant to make the passage very strong. Alternate translation: “Behold, a terrible disaster is coming, one that no one has ever experienced before”
EZK	7	5	s2p9			0	Behold, it	“You can be absolutely sure that it”
EZK	7	6	p8rf	figs-personification		0	The end has woken up against you	The judgment that is coming is treated as if it were an enemy waking up from sleep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	7	7	tv29	figs-metonymy		0	the mountains will no longer be joyful	The word “mountains” is a metonym for the people who live on the mountains. Alternate translation: “the people on the mountains will not have any more joy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	7	8	f85a			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the people of Israel.
EZK	7	8	j6i8			0	Now before long	“Very soon now”
EZK	7	8	efn1	figs-metaphor		0	I will pour out my fury against you and fill up my wrath upon you	Yahweh uses the terms “pour out” and “fill up” to speak of his anger as if it were water that he poured out into a jar. These phrases emphasize that Yahweh will punish the people severely. Alternate translation: “I will punish you severely because I am very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	7	8	x29m			0	fury	“wrath” or “great anger”
EZK	7	9	g3le	figs-synecdoche		0	For my eye will not look compassionately	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “I will not look on them with compassion” or “I will not be compassionate to them” (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	7	9	u6zj			0	I will not spare you	“I will not leave you without punishment” or “I will punish you”
EZK	7	9	fbm4			0	your abominations will be in your midst so you will know that I am Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 7:4](../07/04.md).
EZK	7	10	z47j			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	10	x4mj	figs-explicit		0	Behold, the day! Behold, it is coming!	“Behold! The day is coming!” You may need to make explicit which day is coming. Alternate translation: “Behold! The day when I will punish you is coming!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	7	10	n977			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	7	10	xv3u			0	Doom has gone out	“Disaster has begun to come to Israel” or “Terrible things have begun to happen”
EZK	7	10	yu2t	figs-metaphor		0	The rod has blossomed, arrogance has budded	Possible meanings are (1) “The people of Israel have grown very proud” or (2) “The people of Israel have become very violent and very proud.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	7	12	bn6n			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	12	qp62	figs-parallelism		0	The time is coming; the day has come close	Both “The time” and “the day” refer to the time when God will punish the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Israel’s punishment will happen very soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	7	12	ny3b			0	my anger is on the entire multitude	“I am angry with the whole multitude”
EZK	7	12	vt9d			0	multitude	a very large number of people. Here it refers to the people of Israel.
EZK	7	13	d9pl			0	as long as they both live	as long as “the buyer” and “the seller” (7:12) both live
EZK	7	13	i546			0	the vision concerning the entire multitude will not be reversed	“God will surely do to the multitude what he has shown me”
EZK	7	13	ex6g	figs-activepassive		0	none of them will be strengthened	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will not strengthen any of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	7	14	t3cl			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	14	r62j			0	They have blown the trumpet	“They have blown the trumpet to call people to fight against the enemy”
EZK	7	14	yqb2			0	my anger is on the entire multitude	“I am angry with the whole multitude.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 7:12](../07/12.md).
EZK	7	15	ea3s			0	The sword is on the outside	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation:
EZK	7	15	m9pg			0	the building	the city
EZK	7	15	l3cl	figs-metaphor		0	while famine and plague will consume those in the city	The word “consume” is a metaphor for “totally destroy.” Alternate translation: “and most of the people in the city will die from hunger and sickness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	7	17	i9cf			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	17	iw6d	figs-synecdoche		0	Every hand will falter and every knee will be weak as water	The hands and knees are synecdoches for the people themselves. Alternate translation: “Everyone will be so terrified that they will be unable to work and their knees will become weak so that they cannot stand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	7	17	f9a7			0	falter	fail to do what it is supposed to do
EZK	7	17	j698	figs-euphemism		0	every knee will be weak as water	Another possible translation is, “every knee will flow with water,” a euphemism for all the people losing control of their bladders because they are so frightened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	7	17	p7gb	figs-simile		0	knee…weak as water	Water cannot stand up, and the people’s knees will be so weak that the people are unable to stand on their legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	7	18	rp7c	figs-metaphor		0	terror will cover them	Terror is spoken of as if it were clothing. Alternate translation: “everyone will see how terrified they are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	7	18	gtb2	figs-explicit		0	baldness on all of their heads	Shaving the head was a sign of sadness. Alternate translation: “all of them will shave their heads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	7	19	xfz1			0	in the day of Yahweh’s rage	“in the day when Yahweh acts on his anger” or “when Yahweh punishes them”
EZK	7	19	u2cm			0	the day	This can be a time period of more or less than one 24-hour day.
EZK	7	19	ux4y	figs-activepassive		0	their hunger will not be satisfied	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will not be able to satisfy their hunger” or “they will still be hungry even after they eat all they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	7	19	n5ad			0	their iniquity has become a stumbling block	Possible meanings are (1) “because having a lot of gold and silver has led them to sin” or (2) “because they are evil, they are committing sins that show how evil they are.”
EZK	7	20	kt4d			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	20	pbt7			0	with them	with the jeweled ornaments
EZK	7	21	jpj3	figs-metonymy		0	I will give those things into the hand of strangers	The word “hand” is used to refer to control. “I will give those idols into the control of people they do not know” or “I will give those idols to people they do not know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	7	21	n7gz			0	plunder	things that are stolen or taken by force
EZK	7	21	apv5			0	they will defile them	The strangers and wicked people will defile the idols that the people of Israel had made.
EZK	7	22	u5yj			0	I will turn my face away	“I will not pay attention” or “I will look away” or “I will not notice”
EZK	7	22	ge5t			0	my cherished place	“the place I love.” This refers to God’s temple.
EZK	7	22	u74s			0	bandits	violent people who steal and destroy
EZK	7	23	zs1w			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to Ezekiel about Israel.
EZK	7	23	y53i			0	Make a chain	Chains are used to hold slaves or prisoners. God says this to show the people that they will become slaves or prisoners.
EZK	7	23	gu3l	figs-metonymy		0	the land is filled with the judgment of blood	Possible meanings are (1) “everywhere in the country God is judging people because they violently killed others” or (2) “the courts everywhere in the country are murdering people.” The word “blood” here represents murder and death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	7	23	u3zi	figs-metaphor		0	the city is full of violence	The city is spoken of as if it were a container, and violence is spoken of as an object that can be put in a container. The abstract noun “violence” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “violence is everywhere in the city” or “many people in the city are doing violent things to others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	7	24	r3n8			0	they will possess their houses	the wicked will take the Israelites’ houses
EZK	7	24	a75e			0	I will bring an end to the pride of the mighty	“I will cause the powerful people in Israel to stop being proud of themselves”
EZK	7	24	zk6t	figs-activepassive		0	their holy places will be defiled!	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “enemies will defile the places where they worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	7	24	tyh8			0	their holy places	the places in which they worshiped idols
EZK	7	25	acw4			0	Fear will come	“The people will be afraid”
EZK	7	25	tyg5			0	They will seek peace	“They will try to make peace with their enemies”
EZK	7	25	c19s			0	but there will be none	“but they will be unable to make peace with their enemies”
EZK	7	26	br9z			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Israel.
EZK	7	26	v3q8	figs-personification		0	Disaster upon disaster will come	Disaster is spoken of as if it could move by itself. Alternate translation: “One disaster after another will happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	7	26	sxh6			0	they will seek a vision from the prophet	“they will ask the prophets what visions they have seen”
EZK	7	26	f4qm			0	the law will perish from the priest and advice from the elders	“The priests will not teach the law, and the elders will not be able to give good advice.” This is because God will not give them wisdom.
EZK	7	27	t2rb			0	the prince	Possible meanings are (1) “the king’s son” or (2) every male member of the royal family except the king.
EZK	7	27	gux5	figs-idiom		0	will dress in despair	Possible meanings are (1) clothing is a metonym for what a person feels, “will have no hope,” or (2) “will dress in clothes that show he is mourning.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	7	27	zy7f	figs-synecdoche		0	the hands of the people of the land will tremble in fear	The word “hands” is a synecdoche for the people. Alternate translation: “the people of the land will be so afraid that their hands will tremble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	8	intro	xkv7			0		# Ezekiel 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Judah’s sin<br><br>The people have contaminated the temple with their worship of other gods and through their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
EZK	8	1	vqq8			0	General Information:	Ezekiel tells about another vision he saw.
EZK	8	1	b54y			0	So it came about	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	8	1	r44k	translate-ordinal		0	in the sixth year	You may need to make explicit the time period of which this is the sixth year. Alternate translation: “in the sixth year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	8	1	kh86	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the sixth month, in the fifth day of the month	This is the sixth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifth day is near the beginning of September on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “the fifth day of the sixth month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	8	1	g1l3	figs-metaphor		0	the hand of the Lord Yahweh again fell upon me	This should be translated literally, as Ezekiel later sees something like a hand. Others may choose to consider the hand a metaphor for Yahweh’s presence or power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	8	1	mzl2			0	Lord Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:4](../02/04.md).
EZK	8	1	ni1l			0	fell upon	“took hold of”
EZK	8	2	c8h3	figs-abstractnouns		0	a likeness with the appearance of a man	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like a man. Both “likeness” and “appearance” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “there was someone who appeared to be a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	8	2	lie4			0	glowing metal	When metal is very hot, it glows with a yellow or orange light.
EZK	8	2	dw9z	figs-abstractnouns		0	the appearance of his hips…the appearance of something shining	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “what appeared to be his hips…what appeared to be something shining” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	8	3	r1s3			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues telling about the vision from God.
EZK	8	3	mje5			0	he reached out	The word “he” probably refers to the “figure like a man” ([Ezekiel 8:2](../08/02.md)).
EZK	8	3	q8np			0	between earth and heaven	“between the ground and the sky”
EZK	8	3	h6bp			0	in visions from God, he brought me to Jerusalem	The words “in visions” mean that this experience is happening in Ezekiel’s thoughts. His body would still be in his home while God shows him these things.
EZK	8	3	k28b	figs-explicit		0	the inner northern gate	“the inner northern gate of the temple.” The temple was surrounded by two walls, one inside the other. This gate was on the north side of the inner wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	8	3	bpy7			0	the idol that provokes great jealousy	“the idol that causes God to be very jealous”
EZK	8	4	eu7m			0	according to the vision I had seen on the plain	Possible meanings are (1) “who looked the same as what I had seen in the vision that I saw when I was on the plain” or (2) “who looked the same as what I saw when I was on the plain.”
EZK	8	4	x9fq			0	the plain	a large area of flat land that has few trees.
EZK	8	5	h9iv			0	General Information:	The “figure like a man” ([Ezekiel 8:2](../08/02.md)) speaks to Ezekiel.
EZK	8	5	i1ht	figs-explicit		0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	8	5	y68q	figs-idiom		0	lift up your eyes…lifted up my eyes	This idiom means that he should look towards something. Alternate translation: “look up…looked up” or “turn your head and look…turned my head and looked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	8	5	kcq2			0	gate leading to the altar	“gate through which people would walk so they could go to the altar”
EZK	8	6	ru9g	figs-rquestion		0	do you see what they are doing?	God uses this question to bring Ezekiel’s attention to what the people were doing. Alternate translation: “I want you to understand why I hate what the people here are doing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	8	6	j84y	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	8	7	l1ke	figs-explicit		0	the courtyard	You may need to make explicit which courtyard. “the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	8	10	a6w1			0	behold	This word shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw. Your language may have a different word to show this.
EZK	8	10	hrz5			0	every form of creeping thing and detestable beast	“carvings in the wall of all kinds of creeping animals and detestable beasts.” The phrase “creeping thing” refer to insects and other small animals.
EZK	8	10	af6e	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	8	10	cyf5	figs-explicit		0	the wall all around	You may need to make explicit which wall. Alternate translation: “the wall all around the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	8	11	q6xk	translate-names		0	Jaazaniah…Shaphan	men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	8	11	b5gn			0	censer	a pan that people burn incense in when they worship God or false gods
EZK	8	12	h4rf	figs-rquestion		0	do you see what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark?	God is commanding Ezekiel to look at what the elders are doing. Alternate translation: “look at what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	8	12	jd3f	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	8	12	t1xu			0	the hidden chamber of his idol	“the room where no one can see him worship his idol”
EZK	8	14	kg11			0	the entrance of the gate of Yahweh’s house that was on the north side	This was the outer north gate—not the same one as in [Ezekiel 8:3](../08/03.md).
EZK	8	14	sjj1			0	behold!	This word shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	8	14	b5rb	translate-names		0	mourning for Tammuz	grieving because the false god Tammuz had died (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	8	15	rjm9	figs-rquestion		0	Do you see this…man?	Yahweh is commanding Ezekiel to think about what he has just seen. Alternate translation: “Think about this…man.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	8	16	hz3d			0	behold!	This word shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	8	16	f91g			0	portico	covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support
EZK	8	16	bk4v			0	their faces toward the east	“they were looking toward the east”
EZK	8	17	t38e	figs-rquestion		0	Do you see this…man?	Yahweh is commanding Ezekiel to think about what he has just seen. Alternate translation: “Think about this…man.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	8	17	rp1r	figs-rquestion		0	Is it a little thing for the house of Judah to do these abominations that they are doing here?	God uses this question to show that he is right to be angry at the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “I am right to be angry at the house of Judah because of these abominations that they are doing here.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	8	17	wsq5	figs-metonymy		0	house of Judah	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Judah people group” or “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	8	17	jz5k			0	they have filled the land with violence	“throughout the country they are doing violent things or “all over the country they are attacking one another”
EZK	8	17	bq27			0	to provoke me to anger	“to make me angry”
EZK	8	17	s9li	figs-idiom		0	putting the branch to their noses	Possible meanings are (1) the people were using the branches in false worship or (2) the people were using the branches to show rebellion against Yahweh. The words “branch to…noses” may be a literal tree branch and literal noses, or they could be the term for a hand gesture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	8	18	ivi2	figs-synecdoche		0	my eye will not have compassion	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “I will not look on them with compassion” or “I will not be compassionate to them” (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	8	18	h7ic			0	I will not spare them	“I will still punish them”
EZK	8	18	ay27			0	Though they cry in my ears with a loud voice	“Though they yell their prayers to me with a loud voice”
EZK	8	18	d7vs			0	I will not hear them	“I will not listen to them”
EZK	9	intro	jy4e			0		# Ezekiel 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sorrow over sin<br><br>God was looking for people who were sad that there was so much evil being done. Yahweh would keep these faithful people from being killed with the rest of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])
EZK	9	1	q9n5			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision God gave him. It started in [Ezekiel 8:1](../08/01.md).
EZK	9	1	d5u4			0	he cried in my hearing	“I heard him call out”
EZK	9	1	jw3q			0	he cried	the “figure like a man” ([Ezekiel 8:2](../08/02.md)) cried
EZK	9	1	ew8m			0	weapon of destruction	weapon for destroying people or things
EZK	9	2	mpa9			0	weapon of slaughter	weapon for killing many people
EZK	9	2	s8gh			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	9	2	jt5l			0	the upper gate that faces north	“the upper northern gate” or “the north gate of the inner court”
EZK	9	2	b5f1	translate-unknown		0	linen	a strong, smooth cloth made from a plant. It is worn by many people in places that are hot. Alternate translation: “smooth cloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	9	2	i87b			0	scribe’s equipment	tools that scribes write with
EZK	9	2	tl3q	translate-unknown		0	bronze	A dark gold-colored metal. It is made from mostly copper with tin added for strength. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	9	3	ywh8	figs-explicit		0	from the cherubim where it had been	Possible meanings are (1) “from above the four winged creatures” ([Ezekiel 1:5](../01/05.md)) or (2) from between the two cherubim in the most holy place in the temple. Try to translate this literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	9	3	ljc9			0	threshold of the house	The “house” refers to God’s temple.
EZK	9	3	s89y			0	linen	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md).
EZK	9	3	lik6			0	scribe’s equipment	tools that scribes write with. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md).
EZK	9	4	a4ww	figs-doublet		0	groan and sigh	These are sounds people make when they feel very sad or grieved about something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	9	4	qf2l			0	the abominations being performed in the midst of the city	“the horrible things being done in the city” or “the detestable things that people are doing in the city
EZK	9	5	mrs3			0	he spoke to the others within my hearing	The word “others” refers to the guards ([Ezekiel 9:1](../09/01.md)).
EZK	9	5	r5es	figs-synecdoche		0	Do not let your eyes have compassion	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “Do not have compassion” (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	9	5	w6k5			0	do not spare	“do not refrain from killing”
EZK	9	6	p9s8			0	mark on his head	These were the people who groaned about the abominations happening in Jerusalem. See how you translated “mark” in [Ezekiel 9:4](../09/04.md).
EZK	9	6	e6wg	figs-explicit		0	Begin at my sanctuary	You may need to make explicit what the people are to begin to do at the sanctuary. Alternate translation: “Begin to kill the ones who do not have the mark at my sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	9	6	j3le			0	the elders	Possible meanings are (1) the “seventy elders of the house of Israel” ([Ezekiel 8:11](../08/11.md)) or (2) any “old man” (see the beginning of the verse).
EZK	9	7	j1wv			0	General Information:	God continuing to speak to the guards judging the people of Israel.
EZK	9	7	zct1			0	the house	the temple
EZK	9	7	hqw7	figs-metonymy		0	attacked the city	The word “city” is a metonym for the people in the city. Alternate translation: “attacked the people in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	9	8	pb8i	figs-idiom		0	I fell on my face	“I bowed down to the ground” or “I lay on the ground.” Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	9	8	wp6i			0	Ah, Lord Yahweh	Ezekiel says this because he is very troubled by what the Lord told the men to do to Jerusalem. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:14](../04/14.md).
EZK	9	8	tm5e	figs-idiom		0	will you destroy all the remnant of Israel in the outpouring of your wrath on Jerusalem?	Ezekiel is pleading with Yahweh not to destroy the remnant. Alternate translation: “please do not destroy all the remnant of Israel in the outpouring of your wrath on Jerusalem!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	9	8	gw3d	figs-abstractnouns		0	in the outpouring of your wrath on Jerusalem	Wrath is spoken of as if it were a liquid that Yahweh could pour out of a container. The word “Jerusalem” is a metonym for the people in the city. The abstract noun “outpouring” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “when you pour out your wrath on Jerusalem” or “when you punish the people of Jerusalem because you are very angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	9	9	b5dk	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	9	9	v24y			0	exceedingly great	“very great”
EZK	9	9	xs21	figs-metaphor		0	The land is full of blood and the city full of perversions	Here “land” is spoken of as if it were a container filled with blood. Here “blood” is metonym for murder. And “city” is spoken of as if it were a container and “perversions” were the contents inside of it. Alternate translation: “All over the land people are killing innocent people, and all over the city people are doing wicked things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	9	10	t7gp	figs-synecdoche		0	my eye will not look with compassion	The eye is a synecdoche for the person whose eye it is. Alternate translation: “I will not look on them with compassion” or “I will not be compassionate to them” (See: and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	9	10	ry6f			0	bring it all on their heads	To bring someone’s conduct on him represents punishing him for his bad conduct. Alternate translation: “punishing them as they deserve”
EZK	9	11	u3ij			0	Behold	“Pay attention to what I am about to say”
EZK	9	11	yrc2	translate-unknown		0	linen	a strong, smooth cloth made from a plant. It is worn by many people in places that are hot. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md). Alternate translation: “smooth cloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	9	11	lgs3			0	He reported and said	“He reported to Yahweh and told him”
EZK	10	intro	yaf7			0		# Ezekiel 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God left the temple<br><br>God now abandoned Judah, and left the temple. This was devastating to the religious life of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	10	1	bk81			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision that started in [Ezekiel 8:1](../08/01.md).
EZK	10	1	cpq3			0	toward the dome	“toward the curved roof”
EZK	10	1	scp4			0	cherubim	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md).
EZK	10	1	fk83			0	like a sapphire	a valuable blue or green gemstone
EZK	10	1	ema4			0	with the appearance of the likeness of a throne	“that looked like something that looked like a throne.” Ezekiel is not willing to say for sure that it looked like a throne.
EZK	10	2	gcl9	translate-unknown		0	linen	a strong, smooth cloth made from a plant. It is worn by many people in places that are hot. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md). Alternate translation: “smooth cloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	10	2	k5j9			0	Go between the wheels	Translate the word “wheels” as in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md).
EZK	10	2	k823			0	fiery coals	Coals are the burned pieces of wood left over after a fire. They are black, but they glow red and orange when they are very hot. They are also called charcoal.
EZK	10	2	h16i			0	scatter them over the city	“sprinkle them over the city” or “spread them over the city”
EZK	10	3	er9k			0	Connecting Statement:	Ezekiel interrupts his description of what was happening and describes what he saw.
EZK	10	3	iz5u	writing-background		0	The cherubim stood…inner courtyard	This is background information for the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
EZK	10	3	ijb3			0	cherubim	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md).
EZK	10	3	gi9l	figs-explicit		0	on the right side	As one faces east, “the right side” is toward the south. Alternate translation: “on the south side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	10	3	ex9e			0	the house	the temple
EZK	10	4	d8gh			0	The glory of Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md).
EZK	10	4	e2tx			0	It filled	the glory of Yahweh filled
EZK	10	6	scy2			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark when the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	10	6	pzn4			0	when God commanded the man dressed in linen and said	This is a repeat of the information that was given in [Ezekiel 10:2](../10/02.md). After talking about the cherubim and God’s glory in 10:3-5, Ezekiel returns to telling about the man who was wearing linen.
EZK	10	6	hkd5			0	the man dressed in linen	Translate “linen” as in [Ezekiel 9:1](../09/01.md).
EZK	10	6	ge4b			0	beside a wheel	Translate “wheel” as in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md).
EZK	10	8	n4cv			0	I saw on the cherubim something like a man’s hand under their wings	“I saw that the cherubim had something like a man’s hand under their wings”
EZK	10	9	cwh7			0	behold	Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw
EZK	10	9	q9j7			0	wheels	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md).
EZK	10	9	d8v9	figs-abstractnouns		0	the appearance of the wheels was like a beryl stone	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the wheels appeared to be like a beryl stone” or “what appeared to be wheels were like a beryl stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	10	9	nza9	translate-unknown		0	beryl stone	“Beryl” here is a very hard, valuable stone. This beryl was probably green or blue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	10	10	i72z	figs-abstractnouns		0	Their appearance was the same likeness for all four of them	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. The abstract noun “likeness” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “All four of them appeared to be similar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	10	10	c1u1			0	a wheel intersecting another wheel	The word “intersecting” means “crossing” or “passing through.”
EZK	10	11	vgw9			0	they went in any of their four directions	Possible meanings are (1) “their” refers to the creatures. Alternate translation: “they would go straight in any one of the four directions that the creatures looked towards” or (2) “their” refers to the wheels.
EZK	10	11	qn2m			0	whatever direction the head faced, they followed	Possible meanings for “the head” are (1) this refers to the winged creatures. Alternate translation: “they went in whatever direction the winged creatures were looking” or (2) this refers to the front wheel. Alternate translation: “they followed in whatever direction the front wheel went”
EZK	10	12	a1cv			0	wheels	Translate the word “wheels” as in [Ezekiel 1:15](../01/15.md).
EZK	10	13	r5jq	figs-activepassive		0	the wheels were called, “Whirling.”	The word “Whirling” means “Spinning.” Here it is the name of the wheels. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone called the wheels, ‘Whirling.’” or “the name of the wheels was ‘Whirling.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	10	14	edf6			0	They had four faces each	“Each cherub had four faces” or “Each of the cherubim had four faces.” Each creature had a face on the front, a face on the back, and a face on each side of its head. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:6](../01/06.md).
EZK	10	15	c58d			0	living creatures	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:13](../01/13.md).
EZK	10	15	jya4			0	rose up	“went up into the air”
EZK	10	16	r9ip			0	They still stayed beside them	“The wheels stayed with the cherubim.” Alternate translation: “The wheels moved with the cherubim”
EZK	10	17	x7na			0	stood still	“stayed still” or “did not move”
EZK	10	17	b52c	figs-idiom		0	the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels	Possible meanings are (1) Ezekiel is speaking of the “creatures” of verse 15 as if they were one creature. Alternate translation: “the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels” or (2) Ezekiel is using an idiom. Alternate translation: “the spirit of life was in the wheels” or “the living spirit was in the wheels” or (3) the spirit in the creatures and in the wheels is the same. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “the same spirit that gave life to the creatures also gave life to the wheels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	10	18	m9ii			0	the glory of Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md).
EZK	10	18	gb9v			0	the house	the temple
EZK	10	18	x2tm			0	stood over	“stayed over” or “waited over”
EZK	10	19	c2qy			0	came upon them from above	“went above the cherubim”
EZK	10	20	b8ev			0	the living creatures	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:13](../01/13.md).
EZK	10	20	mjn1			0	the Kebar Canal	This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:1](../01/01.md).
EZK	10	21	is6s	figs-abstractnouns		0	the likeness of human hands	Here the abstract noun “likeness” means that what Ezekiel saw looked like human hands. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “something that looked like human hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	10	22	vgn2	figs-abstractnouns		0	the likeness of their faces was like the faces that I had seen	The abstract noun “likeness” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “their faces looked like the faces that I had seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	10	22	z9wt			0	went straight ahead	“faced forward” or “looked directly ahead”
EZK	11	intro	p5z8			0		# Ezekiel 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Safety<br><br>The people were trusting Jerusalem to keep them safe. But God was going to pull them out of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The people in Jerusalem used the metaphor “this city is the pot and we are the meat in the pot” meaning they were safe in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	1	fu4d			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision that started in [Ezekiel 8:1](../08/01.md).
EZK	11	1	fu8k			0	to the eastern gate of Yahweh’s house, facing east	This gate was part of the wall that surrounded the temple area. Alternate translation: “the gate on the eastern side of the wall surrounding Yahweh’s house” or “the gate on the eastern wall of the temple courtyard”
EZK	11	1	vq4e			0	Yahweh’s house	See how you translated this phrase in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	11	1	i38v			0	behold	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	11	1	wh2t	translate-numbers		0	twenty-five men	“25 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZK	11	1	maj2	translate-names		0	Jaazaniah son of Azzur and Pelatiah son of Benaiah	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	11	1	w2rd			0	among them	“among the twenty-five men”
EZK	11	2	xpp8			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision.
EZK	11	2	unw8			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	11	3	g14h			0	The time to build houses is not now	This shows the people feel so secure they are not worried about building houses now. Other versions of the Bible read, “Now is the time to build our houses.” This would mean that the people want to build houses because they feel secure.
EZK	11	3	a2wt	figs-metaphor		0	this city is the pot, and we are the meat	The people speak of themselves as if they were good cuts of meat and of the city as if it were a pot in which the meat was stored or cooked. The metaphor suggests that they are important and safe within the city. Alternate translation: “This city is like a pot that will protect us as a pot protects meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	3	nf9t			0	the pot	Possible meanings are (1) a pot for storing meat or (2) a pot for cooking meat.
EZK	11	5	b5xf			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to talk to the prophet Ezekiel.
EZK	11	5	n2rp	figs-metaphor		0	the Spirit of Yahweh fell on me	Ezekiel speaks of the Spirit of Yahweh inspiring and empowering him to prophesy as if the Spirit of Yahweh fell upon him. Alternate translation: “the Spirit of Yahweh empowered me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	5	k82u			0	That is what you are saying	“You are saying these things.” This refers to what the people were saying in [Ezekiel 11:3](../11/03.md).
EZK	11	5	x459	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “Israelites” or “Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	11	7	n3xy	figs-metaphor		0	The people you have killed…are the meat, and this city is the pot	Yahweh speaks of the people whom they have killed as if they were good cuts of meat and of the city as if it were a pot in which the meat was stored or cooked. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 11:3](../11/03.md). Alternate translation: “The people you have killed…are like the meat in the pot, and this city is like the pot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	7	bdf4	figs-activepassive		0	But you are going to be brought out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But I am going to bring you out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	11	8	c95t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	11	8	qb7n	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of the Lord Yahweh	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	11	9	wxb4	figs-metonymy		0	put you into the hands of foreigners	Here the metonym “hands” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “put you into the power of foreigners” or “enable foreigners to capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	11	10	g6p1	figs-metonymy		0	You will fall by the sword	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: “They will kill you with their swords” or “You will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	11	10	t7zd	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	11	11	m2wb			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	11	11	th4x	figs-metaphor		0	This city will not be your cooking pot, nor will you be the meat	The people had spoken of themselves as if they were good cuts of meat and of the city as if it were a pot in which the meat was stored or cooked. Yahweh says that this is not true. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 11:3](../11/03.md). Alternate translation: “This city is not like a pot that will protect you as a pot protects meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	11	pku7			0	within the borders of Israel	“in the land of Israel”
EZK	11	12	yep1	figs-metaphor		0	the one whose statutes you have not walked in	Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if it were walking in them, like person would walk along a road. Alternate translation: “the one whose statutes you have not obeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	13	gb3r			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	11	13	t9qn	translate-names		0	Pelatiah son of Benaiah	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:1](../11/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	11	13	b8by	figs-idiom		0	I fell on my face	“I bowed down to the ground” or “I lay on the ground.” Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	11	13	xi9q	figs-exclamations		0	Alas, Lord Yahweh	The word “Alas” is an exclamation that expresses fear and sadness. Alternate translation: “Oh no, Lord Yahweh” or “Ah, Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
EZK	11	14	tw4u	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	11	15	p5yg			0	your brothers! Your brothers!	This is stated twice for emphasis.
EZK	11	15	e296	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family, in this case the Israelites who are the descendants of Jacob. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	11	15	lm9a	figs-activepassive		0	All of them are those of whom it is said by those living in Jerusalem	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people living in Jerusalem say about all of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	11	15	ilt7			0	All of them are those of whom	Some versions have “All of them are those to whom”
EZK	11	15	tkv9	figs-activepassive		0	This land was given to us as our possession	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has given this land to us as our possession” or “This land has become our possession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	11	16	lw4m			0	General Information:	Yahweh gives this message to Ezekiel about the Israelites who were in exile.
EZK	11	16	g1a3	figs-metaphor		0	I have been a sanctuary for them	Yahweh speaks of dwelling among the people who are in exile as if he were a sanctuary for them. Alternate translation: “I have been with them” or “I have been like their place of worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	17	ycl8	figs-parallelism		0	I will gather you from the peoples, and assemble you from the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The repetition emphasizes the surety of Yahweh’s promise to bring the exiles back to the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will bring you back from all of the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	11	17	w63v	figs-activepassive		0	where you were scattered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where I scattered you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	11	18	gyd9	figs-doublet		0	every detestable thing and every abomination	These words have similar meanings and emphasize that God will remove all the idols from Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	11	18	c4k7			0	every detestable thing	This means things that cause hatred or disgust. Here it refers to idols.
EZK	11	19	lkz6			0	General Information:	God continues the prophecy of what will happen to the scattered Israelites.
EZK	11	19	twq3	figs-metaphor		0	I will give them one heart…give them a heart of flesh	Yahweh speaks of all of the Israelites who are in exile as if they are one person, with one heart and one spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	19	c2mx	figs-metonymy		0	I will give them one heart	Here the metonym “heart” represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of causing all of the people to share the same new emotions as if he were giving them one heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	19	g99v	figs-metonymy		0	I will put a new spirit within them	Here the metonym “spirit” represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of causing the people to think new thoughts as if he were giving them a new spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	19	p8jh	figs-metaphor		0	I will take out the heart of stone from their flesh and give them a heart of flesh	Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had a stone heart and of their being willingly obedient as if they had a heart of flesh. He speaks of causing them to become willingly obedient as if he were exchanging those two hearts. Alternate translation: “I will cause them to stop being stubborn and instead cause them to obey me willingly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	20	w6pp	figs-parallelism		0	they will walk in my statutes, they will carry out my decrees and do them	Each of these phrases have similar meanings and describes the people as obeying what Yahweh has commanded them to do. They are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	11	20	rbp4	figs-metaphor		0	they will walk in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if it were walking in them, like a person would walk along a road. Alternate translation: “they will obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	21	v47i	figs-metaphor		0	those who walk with affection toward their detestable things	Yahweh speaks of a person’s conduct as if it were the person walking. Alternate translation: “those who conduct their lives out of devotion to their detestable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	11	21	e32n			0	detestable things	This means things that cause hatred or disgust. Here it refers to idols. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:18](../11/18.md).
EZK	11	21	el11	figs-metonymy		0	I will bring their conduct on their own heads	Here the metonym “conduct” represents the consequences of their actions. The idiom “bring…on their own heads” means they will experience these consequences. Alternate translation: “I will cause them to suffer the consequences of their actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	11	22	el95			0	General Information:	The cherubim and the glory of God leave the temple and city.
EZK	11	22	j4fr			0	cherubim	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md).
EZK	11	24	tg29	figs-metaphor		0	the vision that I had seen went up from upon me	Ezekiel speaks of the vision ending as if the vision was an object that had been upon him and then left him. Alternate translation: “the vision that I had seen ended” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	intro	f6uu			0		# Ezekiel 12 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Exile<br><br>God warned that very soon the people in Jerusalem would be exiled to Babylon.
EZK	12	1	k8p8	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	2	jq8g			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	12	2	hn5d	figs-metonymy		0	a rebellious house	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “a rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	2	l1eb	figs-metaphor		0	they have eyes to see but they do not see…they have ears to hear but do not listen	People being unable to understand Yahweh’s message and what he is doing is spoken of as if the people were unable physically to see and hear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	3	a32k			0	General Information:	Yahweh is telling Ezekiel to act out another parable.
EZK	12	3	kd9n			0	Therefore as for you	“So then, this is what I say to you”
EZK	12	3	t8sf			0	in their sight	“as they watch”
EZK	12	3	xs13	figs-metaphor		0	Perhaps they will begin to see	People being able to understand Yahweh’s message and what he is doing is spoken of as if the people were able physically to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	3	c6qb	figs-metonymy		0	a rebellious house	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “a rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	4	na2h			0	General Information:	God is speaking to Ezekiel and describing how he should act out the parable.
EZK	12	4	x9j5			0	in their sight	“as they watch”
EZK	12	6	u4pj	figs-metaphor		0	have set you as a sign	Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. Yahweh speaks of Ezekiel and his actions as being this warning. Alternate translation: “have made you to be a warning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	6	qb8m	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	7	f9ht			0	General Information:	Ezekiel shows the people of Israel they will soon be forced into exile.
EZK	12	7	j529	figs-activepassive		0	just as I was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh commanded me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	12	7	zec9			0	dug a hole through the wall by hand	“dug a hole through the wall with my hands”
EZK	12	7	i7ai			0	in the dark	“at night”
EZK	12	8	l466	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	9	l9r6	figs-rquestion		0	Son of man, is the house of Israel, that rebellious house, not asking, ‘What are you doing?’	God asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knew—that the people had asked him this question. Alternate translation: “Son of man, the house of Israel, that rebellious house, is asking, ‘What are you doing?’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	12	9	jq4d	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel, that rebellious house	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate “rebellious house” as in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “the people of Israel, that rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	9	vl36	figs-explicit		0	What are you doing	Since the people had seen what Ezekiel was doing, their question implies their desire to know the reason why he was doing it. Alternate translation: “What is the meaning of the things you are doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	10	f31s	figs-explicit		0	in whose midst they are	The phrase “in whose midst” refers to Jerusalem, while “they” refers to the “house of Israel.” Alternate translation: “who are in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	11	bud3	figs-metaphor		0	I am a sign to you	Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. Ezekiel speaks of himself and his actions as being this warning. Alternate translation: “I am a warning to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	11	lu5x	figs-activepassive		0	so it will be done to them	The word “them” refers to the people living in Jerusalem. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so others will do to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	12	12	kqe1			0	in the dark	“at night”
EZK	12	12	dv4h			0	They will dig through the wall	The word “They” refers to the people living in Jerusalem.
EZK	12	12	nic6			0	He will cover his face	“The prince will cover his face”
EZK	12	13	v599	figs-metaphor		0	I will spread out my net over him and he will be caught in my snare	Yahweh speaks of enabling the Chaldeans to capture the prince as if he himself were catching the prince in a trap that he had set. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	12	13	b8eb	figs-explicit		0	I will bring him to Babylon	Yahweh speaks of enabling the Chaldeans to bring the prince to Babylon as if he himself were bringing the prince there. Alternate translation: “I will cause the Chaldeans to bring him to Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	14	g1lt	figs-metonymy		0	I will send out a sword after them	The word “sword” is a metonym for enemy armies who will attack with their swords. Alternate translation: “I will send armies to pursue them with swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	15	b8dc	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	15	z9cd	figs-parallelism		0	when I scatter them among the nations and disperse them throughout the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “when I cause them to separate from each other and live in different nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	12	16	gum8	figs-metonymy		0	I will spare…from the sword, famine, and plague	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate translation: “I will keep…from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	17	hw99	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	19	k8x8	figs-activepassive		0	the land will be despoiled of its fullness	The word “fullness” refers to everything in the land. The word “despoiled” means that people will empty the land of everything in it. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “others will empty the land of everything in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	12	20	qv3r	figs-activepassive		0	the cities that were inhabited will be desolate	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cities where people lived will be desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	12	21	s431	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	22	c3l9	figs-rquestion		0	what is this proverb that you have in the land of Israel that says, ‘The days are prolonged, and every vision fails’?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel something he already knows. The question is a mild rebuke for the people who use the proverb. Alternate translation: “the people in the land of Israel have this proverb that says, ‘The days are prolonged, and every vision fails.’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	12	22	izv9	figs-idiom		0	The days are prolonged	This idiom means that many days have passed. Alternate translation: “Many days have passed” or “Time has gone by” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	22	e12i	figs-explicit		0	every vision fails	This means that the visions that the prophets receive and communicate to the people fail to happen. Alternate translation: “every prophetic vision fails to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	23	q8d7	figs-explicit		0	The days have drawn near	This phrase refers to the days in which Israel will be judged. Alternate translation: “The days of judgment are coming soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	23	d1nt	figs-activepassive		0	every vision will be fulfilled	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will fulfill every vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	12	24	su9i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Ezekiel what to say to the people of Israel.
EZK	12	24	ic9f	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	25	u14a	figs-idiom		0	I carry out the words that I speak	This idiom means that Yahweh does what he says. Alternate translation: “I do the things that I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	25	tt5d	figs-explicit		0	The matter will no longer be delayed	The “matter” refers to the things that Yahweh says will happen. Alternate translation: “What I say will no longer be delayed” or “What I say will happen soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	12	25	q5pn			0	I will speak this word	“I will speak this message” or “I will speak this prophecy”
EZK	12	25	k2w3	figs-idiom		0	in your days	This idiom refers to the period of time in which a person lives. Alternate translation: “while you are alive” or “during you lifetime” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	25	v5wt	figs-metonymy		0	rebellious house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	25	a4fd	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	12	26	pru4	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	12	27	c293			0	Behold	The word “Behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	12	27	g561	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	12	27	e8hv	figs-parallelism		0	The vision that he sees is for many days from now, and he prophesies of far off times	These phrases are both ways the people of Israel are saying Ezekiel’s warnings will not happen in their lifetime but will happen far in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	12	28	t479	figs-activepassive		0	My words will not be delayed any longer	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will no longer delay the word I have spoken” or “I will no longer delay doing what I said I would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	13	intro	g7xl			0		# Ezekiel 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### False prophets<br><br>God spoke against people who said they were prophesying but had not received any message from God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>God said of people who encourage others to feel safe even when they continue to sin were not strengthening a wall but just putting whitewash on it to hide the imperfections. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	1	eh7a	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	13	2	xk9v			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	13	2	wva8			0	prophesying out of their own imaginations	“prophesying only the things that they imagine”
EZK	13	3	utk4	figs-idiom		0	who follow their own spirit	Here the word “spirit” represents the thoughts and ideas of the person. To “follow” here is an idiom that means to do what their own ideas suggest for them to do. Alternate translation: “who act according to their own ideas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	13	4	m1pb	figs-simile		0	like jackals in the wastelands	Like jackals that scavenge for food and shelter among the abandoned ruins of cities, the prophets are using the destruction of Jerusalem for their own benefit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	13	4	wa76			0	jackals	wild animals that are related to dogs and that scavenge for food in abandoned places.
EZK	13	5	k3rb			0	the wall around the house of Israel	This refers to the wall surrounding the city of Jerusalem.
EZK	13	5	l4sl	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	13	5	m2a3	figs-explicit		0	resist in battle	You can supply the implicit information here. Alternate translation: “resist the enemy armies” or “defend the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	13	5	nqi9	figs-explicit		0	the day of Yahweh	This refers to the time when Yahweh will judge his people by means of an enemy army. Alternate translation: “the day of Yahweh’s judgment” or “the day when Yahweh judges you by sending enemy armies to attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	13	6	bj6l	figs-idiom		0	Such and such	This is a phrase used to refer to anything the prophet may have said. Your language may have another way to say this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	13	6	hv2j			0	Yahweh’s declaration	“is what Yahweh has declared”
EZK	13	7	dd96	figs-rquestion		0	Have you not had false visions…when I myself have not spoken?	Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the false prophets. Alternate translation: “You have had false visions…because I myself have not spoken.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	13	7	ul2r			0	had false visions and made false predictions	Since the false prophets have not really received a message from Yahweh, what they predict about the future is not true.
EZK	13	8	g7d3	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	13	9	yjk8	figs-metonymy		0	My hand will be against the prophets	Here the word “hand” represents Yahweh’s power. That his hand will be against them is a metaphor that means that he will punish them with his power. Alternate translation: “I will punish the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	9	bvb5			0	They will not be in the assembly of my people	This means that Yahweh will not consider these false prophets to be part of the people of Israel.
EZK	13	9	lpb9	figs-activepassive		0	or enrolled in the record of the house of Israel	This probably refers to an official record of the citizens of Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nor will anyone enroll their names in the record of the house of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	13	9	d6b4	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	13	9	rw99	figs-explicit		0	know that I am the Lord Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am the Lord Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, the Lord Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	13	10	j6bq	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	In these verses, Yahweh speaks of the false security that the prophets have given to the people by speaking of peace as if the prophets had built a poorly-constructed wall and covered it over with white paint in order to make it look good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	10	gq3b			0	Because of this	The word “this” refers to the prophets reporting false visions to the people and telling them lies.
EZK	13	10	w5mi	figs-metaphor		0	they led my people astray	Yahweh speaks of the prophets deceiving the people and getting them to believe lies as if the prophets had led the people away from the path upon which they should have been walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	10	l5v7	figs-metaphor		0	they are building a wall that they will paint with whitewash	Here “a wall” stands for peace and security that the false prophets told the people that Yahweh was promising to give them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	10	i365			0	whitewash	The word “whitewash” refers to a white liquid mixture or paint used to cover up impurities and make surfaces white.
EZK	13	11	z2ym			0	whitewashing	The word “whitewashing” refers to covering a surface with a white liquid mixture to cover up impurities and make the surface white.
EZK	13	11	aee2	figs-metaphor		0	I will send hailstones to make it fall down, and a windstorm wind to break it down	Yahweh refers to the judgment that he will send upon the people as if it were a severe storm that breaks down the wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	11	zn9q			0	hailstones	balls of ice that sometimes falls from the sky during a rainstorm.
EZK	13	12	zbu8	figs-rquestion		0	Have others not said to you, “Where is the whitewash that you put on it?”	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that others will ask the prophets what happened to their whitewash. Alternate translation: “Others will certainly say to you, ‘Where is the whitewash that you put on it?’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	13	12	d3qf	figs-rquestion		0	Where is the whitewash that you put on it?	Possible meanings are (1) that this is an honest question for which the people expect and answer or (2) this is a rhetorical question that the people ask out of sarcasm. Alternate translation: “The whitewash that you put on it did no good.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	13	13	l6dh	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak of the false security that the prophets have given to the people by speaking of peace as if the prophets had built a poorly-constructed wall and covered it over with white paint in order to make it look good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	13	ap58	figs-metaphor		0	I will bring a windstorm…completely destroy it.	Yahweh refers to the judgment that he will send upon the people as if it were a severe storm that breaks down the wall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	13	hsw4			0	in my rage…in my wrath…in my rage	“because of my rage…because of my wrath…because my rage.”
EZK	13	14	vm16			0	lay bare	“uncover”
EZK	13	14	hbi9	figs-metaphor		0	you will be annihilated in the middle of it all	The phrase “in the middle of it all” refers to the stones of the wall that Yahweh will break down. He speaks of destroying the people in his judgment as if the wall would crush them to death when he breaks it down. Alternate translation: “all of its stones will crush you to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	14	lr73			0	annihilated	“destroyed”
EZK	13	14	z436	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	13	15	l8qe	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak of the false security that the prophets have given to the people by speaking of peace as if the prophets had built a poorly-constructed wall and covered it over with white paint in order to make it look good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	15	b676			0	I will annihilate in my fury	“Because I am very angry, I will annihilate”
EZK	13	15	ctz7			0	whitewashed it	The word “whitewash” refers to a white liquid mixture or paint used to cover up impurities and make surfaces white. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 13:10](../13/10.md).
EZK	13	16	sf6q			0	the prophets of Israel who prophesied about Jerusalem and who had visions of peace for her	This phrase defines who “the people who whitewashed it” are.
EZK	13	16	ey4q			0	visions of peace for her	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	13	17	s26u	translate-symaction		0	set your face against the daughters	This is a command to stare at the women as a symbol of punishing them. Translate “set your face against” as you did in [Ezekiel 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: “stare at the daughters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	13	17	ik9n	figs-metonymy		0	set your face against	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set your face” represents staring. Alternate translation: “stare at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	13	17	tq75	figs-idiom		0	daughters of your people	This idiom refers to women who belong to the same people group as Ezekiel does. Alternate translation: “women of Israel” or “your countrywomen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	13	17	e4gm			0	prophesy out of their own minds	“prophesying only the things that they think in their own minds.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 13:2](../13/02.md).
EZK	13	17	bns7			0	prophesy against	“prophesy about the bad things that will happen to them.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md).
EZK	13	18	csi2			0	sew magic charms onto every part of their hand	This means that they sew magic charms together and then attach them to their hands, not that they sew them directly onto their hands.
EZK	13	18	n6ji			0	charms	objects believed to have magical powers.
EZK	13	18	u8m1	figs-metaphor		0	used to hunt down people	Yahweh speaks of these women using beauty, mystery, and lies to deceive people as if the people were animals that the women hunted down and trapped with their charms. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that they use to hunt down people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	13	18	u9hw	figs-explicit		0	make veils for their heads of every size	This means that they make veils to put on the heads of people of different height. Alternate translation: “make veils for the heads of women of every stature” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	13	18	xte5	figs-rquestion		0	Will you hunt down my people but save your own lives?	Yahweh asks this as a leading question to rebuke the women who do these things. The implicit answer is, “no.” Alternate translation: “Do not think that you will be able to save your own lives after you have hunted down my people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	13	19	ea74			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak against the false prophetesses in Israel.
EZK	13	19	le52	figs-parallelism		0	handfuls of barley and crumbs of bread	Barley is a grain used to make bread and the word “crumb” is a small amount of bread. Both phrases are small amounts of food and are used to emphasize how small the payment was to the prophetesses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	13	20	j7z4	figs-metaphor		0	the magic charms that you have used to ensnare the people’s lives as if they were birds	Yahweh speaks of these women using their magic charms to deceive people as if the people were birds that the women trapped with those charms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	20	lby4			0	charms	objects believed to have magical powers
EZK	13	20	u59h			0	to ensnare	“to trap” “to catch in a snare”
EZK	13	20	f7yi			0	tear them from your arms	“tear the charms from your arms”
EZK	13	21	yvk8	figs-metonymy		0	rescue my people from your hand	Here the word “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “rescue my people from your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	13	21	n5mb	figs-metonymy		0	they will no longer be trapped in your hands	Here the word “hand” represents power or control. Yahweh speaks of the people being in the control of these women as if the women had trapped them with their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will no longer trap them like prey in your hands” or “you will no longer control them with your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	13	22	ua8v	figs-synecdoche		0	discourage the heart of the righteous person	Here the word “heart” represents the person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the righteous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	13	22	j9vh	figs-metaphor		0	turn from his way	To stop doing something is referred to as turning in a different direction. Alternate translation: “stop what he is doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	13	23	qq2h	figs-parallelism		0	have false visions or continue to make predictions	Both of these phrases refer to talking about what will happen in the future. Alternate translation: “continue to make false predictions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	13	23	vus2	figs-metonymy		0	I will rescue my people out of your hand	Here the word “hand” represents power or control. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 13:21](../13/21.md). Alternate translation: “I will rescue my people from your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	intro	q72w			0		# Ezekiel 14 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Jerusalem deserves punishment<br><br>When the captives from Jerusalem arrive in Babylon, it will be obvious why God has punished them.
EZK	14	1	vy2v	figs-explicit		0	Some of the elders of Israel came to me and sat before me	The elders sat before Ezekiel in order to inquire of the Lord through Ezekiel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	14	2	bz2f	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	14	3	g57d			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	14	3	ky9e	figs-metaphor		0	have taken their idols into their hearts	Yahweh speaks of the elders committing themselves to worshiping idols as if the elders had “taken their idols into their hearts.” Alternate translation: “have devoted themselves to idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	3	qej2	figs-metaphor		0	have put the stumbling block of their iniquity before their own faces	Yahweh speaks of the idols that the elders worship as if they were blocks over which the elders stumble, and of being determined to worship those idols as if they had placed those stumbling blocks in front of their faces. Alternate translation: “have resolutely determined to worship the things that lead to iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	3	s8bu			0	stumbling block of their iniquity	Possible meanings are (1) the idols are a stumbling block that leads to the elders’ iniquity or (2) worshiping idols is an iniquity that causes the elders to stumble.
EZK	14	3	lx5m	figs-rquestion		0	Should I be inquired of at all by them?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the elders should not be inquiring of him. This question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Should I permit them to inquire of me at all?” or “They should not be inquiring of me at all.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	4	te7p			0	Therefore announce this to them	The word “them” refers to the “men from the elders of Israel.”
EZK	14	4	m2x4	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	4	ug3h	figs-metaphor		0	who takes his idols into his heart	Yahweh speaks of the people committing themselves to worshiping idols as if they had taken their idols into their hearts. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 14:3](../14/03.md). Alternate translation: “who devotes himself to idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	4	xtx8	figs-metaphor		0	who puts the stumbling block of his iniquity before his face	Yahweh speaks of the idols that people worship as if they were blocks over which the people stumble, and of being determined to worship those idols as if they had placed those stumbling blocks in front of their faces. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 14:3](../14/03.md). Alternate translation: “who resolutely determines to worship the things that lead to iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	4	xz4e	figs-explicit		0	I, Yahweh, will answer him according to the number of his idols	This phrase refers to the many idols that the people worship. It is implied that the severity of Yahweh’s answer will as great as the number of idols that they worship. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, will give him the answer that he deserves because he worships so many idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	14	5	j64j	figs-metonymy		0	I may take back the house of Israel in their hearts	Here the word “hearts” represents the minds and affections of the people. Yahweh speaks of causing them to be devoted to him once again as if he were to capture their hearts. Alternate translation: “I will cause the people of Israel to be devoted to me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	5	de8y	figs-metonymy		0	their hearts that have been driven far from me through their idols	Here the word “hearts” represents the minds and affections of the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who have all left me to worship their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	6	py23	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	6	a97y	figs-parallelism		0	Repent and turn away from your idols! Turn back your faces from all your abominations	Both of these phrases are ways to tell the people of Israel to stop worshiping idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	14	6	fs6a	figs-doublet		0	Repent and turn away	The words “repent” and “turn way” mean basically the same thing. Together they strengthen the command to stop worshiping idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	14	6	qdy3	figs-synecdoche		0	Turn back your faces	Here the word “faces” represents the people. Alternate translation: “Turn back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	14	7	g5x6	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	7	ysu8	figs-metaphor		0	who takes his idols into his heart	Yahweh speaks of the people committing themselves to worshiping idols as if they had taken their idols into their hearts. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 14:3](../14/03.md). Alternate translation: “who devotes himself to idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	7	r65x	figs-metaphor		0	puts the stumbling block of his iniquity before his own face	Yahweh speaks of the idols that people worship as if they were blocks over which the people stumble, and of being determined to worship those idols as if they had placed those stumbling blocks in front of their faces. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 14:3](../14/03.md). Alternate translation: “who resolutely determines to worship the things that lead to iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	8	zqu7	translate-symaction		0	I will set my face against that man	Yahweh speaks of being opposed to a person as if he were to set his face against that person. Alternate translation: “I will be against that man” or “I will oppose that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	14	8	rl54	figs-metonymy		0	set my face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set my face” refers to staring. Alternate translation: “stare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	8	c7bd	figs-metaphor		0	make him a sign and a proverb	Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. The word proverb refers to what people will say about that sign when they see it. Alternate translation: “I will make that man to be a warning and a proverb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	8	x6fl	figs-metaphor		0	I will cut him off from the midst of my people	Yahweh speaks of causing a person no longer to belong to his people as if he were cutting that person off from the people, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “I will cause him no longer to belong to my people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	8	gh8a	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	14	9	kcw5	figs-metonymy		0	I will reach out with my hand against him	God’s “hand” refers to what he does. Alternate translation: “I will work against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	10	sx1i	figs-metonymy		0	They will carry their own iniquity	Here the word “iniquity” represents the guilt that people incur for committing iniquity. Yahweh speaks of people suffering the consequences of their iniquity as if they were carrying the iniquity. Alternate translation: “They will suffer the consequences of their own iniquity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	11	u1nx	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	11	w71r	figs-metaphor		0	will no longer wander away from following me	Yahweh speaks of the people no longer worshiping him as if they were to wander away from him and no longer follow him. Alternate translation: “will no longer stop worshiping me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	11	cf1w	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	14	13	edi9	figs-metonymy		0	when a land sins against me	Here the word “land” represents the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: “when the people who live in a land sin against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	13	n9gs	figs-metaphor		0	break the staff of its bread	Yahweh speaks of the supply of bread as if it were a staff. The word “bread” represents all kinds of food. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:16](../04/16.md). Alternate translation: “end the supply of its food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	14	13	mf8q	figs-metaphor		0	cut off both man and beast from the land	Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “kill both man and beast in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	16	e731			0	these same three men	Noah, Daniel, and Job
EZK	14	16	qw9t	figs-idiom		0	as I live	“as surely as I am alive.” Yahweh uses this expression to show that what he says next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	14	16	dg9n	figs-activepassive		0	only their own lives would be rescued	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they could only rescue their own lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	17	g26k			0	if I bring a sword against that land	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation:
EZK	14	17	v6i5	figs-metonymy		0	Sword, go through the land	Here the word “sword” represents the soldiers of an enemy army who attack with swords. Alternate translation: “Army, go through the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	14	17	n3ti	figs-metaphor		0	cut off both man and beast from it	Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if it were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “kill both man and beast in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	18	tk6x			0	these three men	Noah, Daniel, and Job
EZK	14	18	rb94	figs-activepassive		0	only their own lives would be rescued	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they would only rescue their own lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	19	xe11	figs-metaphor		0	pour out my fury	Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury as if his fury were a liquid that he pours out from a container. Alternate translation: “I will express my fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	19	d1pl	figs-metaphor		0	cut off both man and beast	Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if he were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “kill both man and beast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	20	sa88	figs-activepassive		0	only their own lives would be rescued	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they would only rescue their own lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	21	v31a	figs-metaphor		0	to cut off both man and beast from her	Yahweh speaks of killing people and animals as if it were cutting them off, like a person would cut a branch from a tree. The word “her” refers to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to kill both man and beast in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	14	22	bv12			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak with Ezekiel about the punishment of the people of Israel.
EZK	14	22	h8bn			0	Behold	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the information that follows.
EZK	14	22	r9k7			0	left in her	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	14	22	zf8a	figs-activepassive		0	be comforted concerning the punishment	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will comfort you concerning the punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	14	23	kf7g			0	done against her	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	14	23	u2vu	figs-doublet		0	their ways and their actions	Both of these phrases refer to what the people of Israel have done. Alternate translation: “the way they live” or “the things they do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	15	intro	n4wz			0		# Ezekiel 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Useless<br><br>God said that the people of Jerusalem were useless to him. He uses a simile to show just how useless they were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	15	1	bfj3			0	General Information:	Yahweh is talking to Ezekiel in this section.
EZK	15	1	pb75	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	15	2	mim8			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	15	2	j7mt	figs-rquestion		0	how is a vine better than any tree with branches that is among the trees in a forest?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “a vine is not better than any tree with branches that is among the trees in a forest.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	15	3	c3me	figs-rquestion		0	Do people take wood from a vine to make anything?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “People do not take wood from a vine to make anything.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	15	3	lw53	figs-rquestion		0	do they make a peg from it to hang anything on it?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “they do not make a peg from it to hang things on it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	15	4	z9vv	figs-rquestion		0	If it is thrown into a fire as fuel…is it good for anything?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel of something he already knows. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “If it is thrown into a fire as fuel…it is not good for anything.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	15	4	s2c2	figs-activepassive		0	If it is thrown into a fire as fuel	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If a person throws it into a fire as fuel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	15	5	i838			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking about the vine.
EZK	15	5	x46v			0	See!	The word “see” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	15	5	ln6m			0	When it was complete	“When it was whole” or “Before the fire burned it”
EZK	15	5	rvt5			0	it could not make anything	“no one could make anything from it”
EZK	15	7	f5q8			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Ezekiel about the people of Israel.
EZK	15	7	vz2d	translate-symaction		0	I will set my face against them	Yahweh speaks of being opposed to them as if he were to set his face against them. Alternate translation: “I will be against them” or “I will oppose them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	15	7	f6qy	figs-metonymy		0	set my face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set my face” refers to staring. Alternate translation: “stare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	15	7	f76q	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	15	7	m4ls	figs-metaphor		0	Though they come out from the fire, yet the fire will consume them	Yahweh speaks of the punishment that he will afflict upon the people as if it were a fire that burns them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	15	7	xw6u	figs-metaphor		0	the fire will consume them	Yahweh speaks of fire burning things as if the fire consumed them. Alternate translation: “the fire will destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	15	8	u34p	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	16	intro	ll3w			0		# Ezekiel 16 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>God compared Judah to an adulteress because she worshiped idols instead of God who had done so much to help her. Adultery is a common image used to describe the worship of idols by Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	1	c6sa	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	In this chapter, Yahweh speaks about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful bride. He describes her growth from infancy to adulthood. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	1	rhc3	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	16	2	cb3d			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	16	3	azi1	figs-doublet		0	Your beginning and your birth	These two phrases share similar meanings. Yahweh speaks of when people founded the city as if it were the city’s birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	3	ug1v	figs-metaphor		0	your father was an Amorite, and your mother was a Hittite	The Amorites and Hittites were both pagan people groups who lived in the land before the people of Israel conquered it. Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem’s father and mother belonging to these people groups to express that she was born into idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	4	w8mz	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were an infant. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	4	tbf2	figs-synecdoche		0	your mother did not cut your navel	Here “navel” refers to the umbilical cord that is attached to the navel. Alternate translation: “you mother did not cut your umbilical cord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	16	5	exg6	figs-synecdoche		0	No eye had compassion for you	Here the word “eye” represents the person who sees. Alternate translation: “Nobody who saw you had compassion for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	16	5	hpj2			0	with loathing for your life	“because your parents hated you”
EZK	16	5	p9bt	figs-activepassive		0	you were thrown out into the open field	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your parents threw you out into the open field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	6	p7pp	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were an infant. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	6	uz2j			0	But I passed by you	Yahweh is walking near the newborn baby.
EZK	16	6	q16r	figs-ellipsis		0	I said to you in your blood	The implicit information can be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “I said to you as you were lying in your blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	16	7	pbn3	figs-simile		0	I made you grow like a plant in a field	Here Yahweh compares growing quickly with the way a plant grows quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	16	7	vh53	figs-doublet		0	You multiplied and became great	These two phrases share similar meanings. They both refer to her growing and becoming taller. Alternate translation: “You matured and grew taller” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	7	f44l	figs-metaphor		0	you became the jewel of jewels	Here the woman, who represents Jerusalem, is spoken of as if she had become the finest of all jewels, that is, as if she had become the most beautiful of all women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	7	ufd7			0	you became the jewel of jewels	Some modern versions translate “You became old enough to wear jewels.”
EZK	16	7	v3hb	figs-doublet		0	naked and bare	These two words mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “completely naked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	8	l1m5	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	8	fs2l			0	See!	The word “see” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	16	8	iv6g			0	the time of love came for you	This is to say that Yahweh sees the young woman is old enough to be married.
EZK	16	9	c3nc	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	10	ryz4			0	embroidered clothes	“beautiful clothes.” To embroider is to sew a design into a piece of cloth.
EZK	16	11	iaz1			0	I adorned you with jewelry	“I put jewelry on you”
EZK	16	13	su7h	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	13	j9tf	figs-activepassive		0	you were adorned with gold and silver, and you were dressed in fine linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I adorned you with gold and silver, and dressed you in fine linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	14	m2zj			0	Your fame went out among the nations	“Many people in many nations knew who you were”
EZK	16	14	f2yp			0	it was perfect	“your beauty was perfect”
EZK	16	15	d27i	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a young woman. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	15	uh52			0	you trusted in your own beauty	“you placed your confidence in your own beauty”
EZK	16	15	mb92	figs-metaphor		0	acted like a prostitute	Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem as if the city were an unfaithful wife who sleeps with other men in exchange for payment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	15	c6e2	figs-metaphor		0	you poured out your acts of prostitution	Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem’s immoral actions as if they were liquids and of committing those actions repeatedly as if it were pouring those liquids from a container. Alternate translation: “you repeatedly committed your acts of prostitution” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	15	wq1l			0	so that your beauty became his	This Hebrew phrase is translated in many different ways by various modern versions. For example, some Bibles read “so that you gave yourself to him” or “his it was”
EZK	16	17	um7f	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	17	h8iz			0	male figures	“statues of men” or “idols that look like men”
EZK	16	17	rgp8	figs-euphemism		0	you did with them as a prostitute would do	Possible meanings are (1) this is a polite way to say the young woman was sleeping with the male figures. Alternate translation: “you slept with them” or (2) this is a metaphor in which Yahweh speaks of her worshiping the figures as if she were sleeping with them. Alternate translation: “you worshiped them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	19	ml19			0	set before them	“placed as an offering in front of them”
EZK	16	20	d2sz	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	20	ev7l			0	whom you bore for me	“who were my children”
EZK	16	20	tgj4	figs-explicit		0	you sacrificed them to the images to be devoured as food	Here Yahweh speaks of something that the people of Israel had actually done. They sacrificed their children to pagan idols. In these ancient pagan sacrifices, the people believed that the gods would eat the food that they offered to them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you sacrificed them to the images so that those images could devour them as food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	20	ku1z	figs-rquestion		0	Are your acts of prostitution a small matter?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the woman is acting as if her prostitution was not bad enough and so she decided to sacrifice her children as well. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You must think that your acts of prostitution are a small matter.” or “I do not think your acts of prostitution are a small matter.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	16	21	pxu4	figs-explicit		0	made them pass through the fire	Here Yahweh speaks of something that the people of Israel had actually done. They sacrificed their children to pagan idols. It is implicit that she put them into the fire in order to offer them as burnt offerings to her images. Alternate translation: “sacrificed them as burnt offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	16	22	wvq2	figs-doublet		0	naked and bare	These two words mean the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 16:7](../16/07.md). Alternate translation: “completely naked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	23	nyv1	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	24	fs8i			0	you built yourself a mound and made yourself a lofty shrine in every public place	Possible meanings are that she built a place where (1) she could worship her idols or (2) she could practice her prostitution.
EZK	16	25	v7yc	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	25	lz72	figs-metaphor		0	at the head of every road	Yahweh speaks of the beginning of a road as if it were its head. Alternate translation: “at the beginning of every road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	27	c7es	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	27	myt7			0	See!	The word “see” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	16	27	c82p	figs-metonymy		0	I will strike you with my hand	Here “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “I will use my power to strike you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	27	ge6y	figs-metaphor		0	cut off your food	Yahweh speaks of stopping the supply of food as if it were cutting off the food. Alternate translation: “stop your food supply” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	27	ltw1	figs-synecdoche		0	I will hand your life over	Here “life” represents the person. Alternate translation: “I will hand you over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	16	27	r2ql	figs-metaphor		0	the daughters of the Philistines	Here Yahweh speaks of the cities of Philistia as if they were the daughters of the Philistines. The cities represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the Philistine people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	30	h91y			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem and the people of Israel as his unfaithful wife.
EZK	16	30	db6k	figs-rquestion		0	How sick is your heart…that you would do all these things, deeds of a shameless prostitute?	Yahweh asks the rhetorical question in order to rebuke Jerusalem. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your heart must be very sick…that you would do all these things, deeds of a shameless prostitute!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	16	30	yze4	figs-metonymy		0	How sick is your heart	Here the word “heart” represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of her inability to control her desires as if her heart were sick. Alternate translation: “How weak-willed are you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	31	bg24			0	built your mounds…made your lofty shrines	Possible meanings are that she built a place where (1) she could worship her idols or (2) she could practice her prostitution. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 16:24](../16/24.md).
EZK	16	31	wxg7	figs-metaphor		0	at the head of every street	Yahweh speaks of the beginning of a street as if it were its head. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 16:25](../16/25.md). Alternate translation: “at the beginning of every street” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	32	kuw8	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	32	nw3d	figs-euphemism		0	you accept strangers instead of your husband	This refers to accepting someone to sleep with her. Alternate translation: “you accept strangers into your bed instead of your husband” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	16	35	snt6	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	36	hnw5	figs-metaphor		0	you have poured out your lust	Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem’s lust as if it were liquid and of committing actions repeatedly to gratify that lust as if it were pouring that liquid from a container. Alternate translation: “you repeatedly committed actions to gratify your lust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	36	xyi5			0	poured out your lust	Some modern versions translate “poured your wealth out.”
EZK	16	36	n2sq			0	you gave them your children’s blood	This refers to killing children as a sacrifice to idols.
EZK	16	37	zp96			0	behold	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	16	37	awf2	figs-explicit		0	so they see all your nakedness	Stripping a person naked in front of others was an action intended to humiliate the person. The word “nakedness” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “so they can see you completely naked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	16	38	s1kn	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	38	s8wc	figs-metonymy		0	the shedding of blood	This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate translation: “murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	38	ljg4	figs-metonymy		0	I will bring on you the bloodshed of my anger and passion	Here “bloodshed” represents murder in any form. Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh speaks of punishing her for murder as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate translation: “In my anger and passion, I will punish you for committing murder” or (2) Yahweh speaks of putting her to death as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate translation: “In my anger and passion, I will shed your blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	39	ylz3	figs-metonymy		0	I will give you into their hands	Here “hands” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “I will place you in their control” or “I will allow them to have power over you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	39	ia4f			0	throw down your vaulted chamber	Possible meanings are that they will destroy (1) the place where she worshiped her idols or (2) the place where she practiced her prostitution. See how you translated “vaulted chamber” in [Ezekiel 16:24](../16/24.md).
EZK	16	39	gp28	figs-doublet		0	naked and bare	These two words mean the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 16:7](../16/07.md). Alternate translation: “completely naked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	40	mr55	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. He speaks about enemy soldiers as her lovers. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	41	ket8	figs-abstractnouns		0	will perform many acts of punishment on you	The word “punishment” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “will punish you in many different ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	16	41	e5d2			0	in the sight of many women	“where many women can see” or “while many women watch”
EZK	16	42	h192	figs-metonymy		0	I will calm my fury against you; my anger will leave you	The words “fury” and “anger” refer to the punishment that Yahweh inflicts because he is angry. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “I will stop punishing you because I will no longer be angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	16	43	rk6r	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	43	n9xq	figs-idiom		0	call to mind	This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	16	43	g913			0	have made me shake with anger because of all these things	Here “shake” refers to a physical response that a person has when he is extremely angry. As Jerusalem was doing these things, she did not think about what Yahweh had done when she was young.
EZK	16	43	qa7p			0	behold!	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	16	44	f5gm	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	44	c35j			0	Behold!	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	16	45	ca9t			0	who detested her husband	“who hated her husband”
EZK	16	45	u96d	figs-metaphor		0	Your mother was a Hittite, and your father was an Amorite	The Amorites and Hittites were both pagan people groups who lived in the land before the people of Israel conquered it. Yahweh speaks of Jerusalem’s father and mother belonging to these people groups to express that she was born into idolatry. See how you translated these phrases in [Ezekiel 16:3](../16/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	46	cg54	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	46	h77t	figs-explicit		0	Your older sister was Samaria…your younger sister was the one living south of you, that is, Sodom	Samaria and Sodom were both cities that Yahweh had judged for their idolatry and wickedness. Yahweh speaks of these cities being Jerusalem’s sisters to express that she belonged to a family that practiced idolatry and wickedness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	47	rvs2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	47	ff3w	figs-metaphor		0	You not only walked in their ways	The way a person lives is spoken of as if the person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “You not only acted like them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	47	m7tq	figs-doublet		0	copied their behavior and practices	Here the words “behavior” and “practices” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “copied the things that they did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	49	a5r3	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	49	i51i	figs-metaphor		0	arrogant in her leisure, careless and unconcerned about anything	Yahweh describes Sodom as a rich woman who has more than enough food and lives in security. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	16	49	ms78	figs-synecdoche		0	She did not strengthen the hands of the poor and needy people	Here the word “hands” represents the people who work with their hands. The words “poor” and “needy” emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. Alternate translation: “She did not help the people who could not help themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	16	51	qff7	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	51	l9j8			0	you have shown that your sisters were better than you	Yahweh uses this phrase three times to emphasize that the wicked cities of Samaria and Sodom were more righteous than Jerusalem.
EZK	16	52	z6dn			0	Especially you, show your own shame	Yahweh uses this phrase twice to emphasize how shamefully the people of Jerusalem have acted.
EZK	16	52	zy3m			0	show your own shame	“be ashamed” or “bear your disgrace”
EZK	16	53	r32c	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	54	q87d			0	you will show your shame	“you will be ashamed” or “you will bear your disgrace”
EZK	16	54	c2hp	figs-activepassive		0	you will be humiliated	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will humiliate you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	54	mj9k	figs-abstractnouns		0	you will be a comfort to them	The noun “comfort” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “you will comfort Sodom and Samaria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	16	55	hdf7	figs-activepassive		0	your sister Sodom and her daughters will be restored to their former condition	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will restore your sister Sodom and her daughters to their former condition” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	55	k82v	figs-activepassive		0	Samaria and her daughters will be restored to their former estate	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will restore your sister Samaria and her daughters to their former estate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	55	h3uk			0	estate	“condition”
EZK	16	55	jw21	figs-activepassive		0	you and your daughters will be restored to your former condition	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will restore you and your daughters to your former condition” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	56	fh8t	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	56	ni17	figs-synecdoche		0	Sodom your sister was not even mentioned by your mouth	Here the word “mouth” represents the person who speaks. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You did not even mention your sister Sodom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	57	lwe5	figs-activepassive		0	before your wickedness was revealed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “before you revealed your wickedness” or “before I revealed your wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	57	fp3f			0	you are an object of scorn	This refers to Jerusalem as something people talk badly about.
EZK	16	57	k4cs	figs-metaphor		0	the daughters of Edom and to all the daughters of the Philistines	Here Yahweh speaks of the cities of Edom and Philistia as if they were the daughters of Edom and of the Philistines. The cities represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the Edomite people and to all the Philistine people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	57	j12t			0	despise	hate very much
EZK	16	58	mlw5	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	16	59	lt9d	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	59	lx6u	figs-explicit		0	despised your oath by breaking the covenant	Jerusalem broke her marriage covenant with Yahweh, thereby showing that she did not care about the oaths that she had made to him. Alternate translation: “despised your oath to me by breaking the covenant that you made with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	16	60	ds91	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were his unfaithful wife. The city represents the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	16	60	e9ir	figs-idiom		0	call to mind	This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	16	60	n5fx	figs-activepassive		0	made in the days of your youth	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I made with you when you were young” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	16	62	lz8g	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	16	63	khs3	figs-idiom		0	call everything to mind	This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	16	63	g9hm			0	you will no longer open your mouth to speak because of your shame	This means that Jerusalem will be too ashamed to speak.
EZK	17	intro	awq2			0		# Ezekiel 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Breaking allegiance<br><br>The king of Judah had vowed to obey Babylon but instead he followed Egypt. Therefore, God said he would not prosper. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Judah is compared to a vine that grows one direction and then another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	1	rn2f			0	General Information:	Ezekiel reports a message that God gives him.
EZK	17	1	id6h	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	17	2	q397			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	17	2	ljh4			0	present a riddle and speak a parable	“give them a puzzle to think about” or “tell this story as an illustration”
EZK	17	2	uy41	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	17	3	b2zm			0	long pinions, full of feathers	“the ends of its wings were long and full of feathers.” The word “pinion” means the outer end of the wings.
EZK	17	3	p8v3			0	that was multicolored	The eagle’s feathers were many different colors.
EZK	17	4	bf21			0	It broke off the tips of the branches	“It broke off the highest part of the tree”
EZK	17	4	wsh3			0	took them	“took the top of the tree” or “took the branches”
EZK	17	4	kl1b			0	he planted it in a city of merchants	“he planted it in a city that had many merchants.” A merchant is a person who sells things.
EZK	17	5	n33b			0	General Information:	This is a continuation of the parable about the eagle.
EZK	17	5	dh54			0	He also took	The word “he” is the eagle in the parable.
EZK	17	5	zfy1			0	fertile soil	“good ground”
EZK	17	5	yg9u			0	He placed it beside a large body of water	“the eagle planted the seed in a place where there was a lot of water”
EZK	17	5	yl5l	figs-explicit		0	planted it…like a willow	Willow trees grow in places where there is a lot of water. If the eagle planted the seed like a willow, it means that he planted it in a place with a lot of water. Alternate translation: “and planted the seed like one would plant a willow tree by water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	17	6	act5			0	Then it sprouted	“Then the seed began to grow into a plant”
EZK	17	6	u95a			0	a spreading vine low to the ground	“a vine that spreads out on the ground”
EZK	17	6	qj5j			0	Its branches turned toward him	The branches of the vine turned toward the eagle. This means that they began to grow upward towards the sky.
EZK	17	6	vrq4			0	its roots grew under it	Possible meanings are (1) “its roots grew under itself into the ground” or (2) “the roots of the vine grew under the eagle.”
EZK	17	6	wq1a			0	So it became a vine	“That is how the vine grew”
EZK	17	6	kn3n			0	produced branches and sent out shoots	“grew branches and spread its shoots”
EZK	17	7	nr41			0	General Information:	The introductory “but” shows that a different eagle is being described other than the one before.
EZK	17	7	mxr2			0	another great eagle	“another large eagle”
EZK	17	7	i797			0	Behold!	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	17	7	zj2i	figs-personification		0	This vine turned its roots toward the eagle	Yahweh speaks of the vine as if it were able to behave like a person and intentionally turned its roots toward the other eagle to receive nourishment from it. Alternate translation: “The roots of the vine grew toward the eagle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	17	7	xwj3	figs-activepassive		0	from the place it had been planted so it would be watered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “from the place that the first eagle had planted it so that it would have water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	8	g869	figs-activepassive		0	It had been planted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The first eagle had planted the vine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	9	ejf7	figs-rquestion		0	Will it prosper?	Yahweh asks this as a leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It will not prosper.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	9	l3kb	figs-rquestion		0	Will it not be uprooted and stripped of its fruit so that it withers, and all its fresh growth will wither?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the vine will certainly be judged. The question can be translated as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone will pull up its roots and pluck out its fruit so all of its growth of leaves will wither away.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	9	di6t	figs-synecdoche		0	No strong arm or many people will be needed to pull it out	The phrase “strong arm” represents a strong person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There will be no need for a strong person or many people to pull it out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	10	k94f			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	17	10	duh3	figs-rquestion		0	will it grow?	Yahweh asks this as a leading question to emphasize the negative answer. The question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It will not grow.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	10	l8e6	figs-rquestion		0	Will it not wither when the eastern wind touches it?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that this will certainly happen. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It will wither when the eastern wind touches it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	10	ggh9			0	when the eastern wind touches it	“when the eastern wind blows on it”
EZK	17	11	bwu2	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	17	12	rcf6	figs-metonymy		0	the rebellious house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “the rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	17	12	j8se	figs-rquestion		0	Do you not know what these things mean?	Yahweh asks this as a leading question in order to provide the answer. The question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is what these things mean.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	12	cz8t			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	17	12	x6yx			0	her king and her princes	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	17	13	it2v			0	brought him under an oath	“made him swear an oath”
EZK	17	14	x5je	figs-metaphor		0	so the kingdom might become lowly and not lift itself up	The kingdom being small and weak is spoken of as if it were lowly and being large and powerful as if it lifted itself up. Alternate translation: “so the kingdom might remain small and not become great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	14	r3al	figs-metonymy		0	the land will survive	Here the word “land” represents the kingdom of Judah and the people in it. Alternate translation: “the kingdom will continue to exist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	17	15	z8mt			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks about the king of Jerusalem rebelling against the king of Babylon.
EZK	17	15	r2jb	figs-rquestion		0	Will he succeed?	Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “He will certainly not succeed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	15	nh8e	figs-rquestion		0	Will the one doing these things escape?	Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This may be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The one doing these things will not escape.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	15	tpu9	figs-rquestion		0	If he breaks the covenant, will he escape?	Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the negative answer. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “If he breaks the covenant, he will certainly not escape.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	16	pb2s			0	the land of the king who made him king, the king whose oath he despised	“the land of the king of Babylon who made him King of Judah, the king of Babylon whose oath he despised”
EZK	17	17	mp8q			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaking about the king of Jerusalem.
EZK	17	17	eyn4	figs-doublet		0	his mighty army and a great company of men	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how large and strong Pharaoh’s army is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	17	17	v67c			0	will not help him	Here the word “him” refers to the king of Judah.
EZK	17	17	hhy8			0	siege walls	this refers to a tower with ladders that can be placed next to a wall and allow soldiers to get over the wall and into the city.
EZK	17	17	ayl5			0	to cut off many lives	“to kill many people”
EZK	17	18	kzm6			0	Behold, he reached out	“He did something even worse than that: he reached out”
EZK	17	18	e7e3	translate-symaction		0	reached out with his hand to make a promise	This refers to taking hold of another person’s hand as a sign of friendship and agreement. Here it represents the covenant oath that he made with the king of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	17	19	s5c8	figs-rquestion		0	was it not my oath that he despised and my covenant that he broke?	Yahweh asks this leading question to emphasize the affirmative answer. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “it was my oath that the king of Jerusalem despised and my covenant that he broke.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	17	19	kev4	figs-idiom		0	I will bring his punishment on his head	The idiom “bring…on his head” means that he will experience this punishment. See how you translated this idiom in [Ezekiel 11:21](../11/21.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause him to suffer his punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	17	20	y1rd	figs-metaphor		0	I will spread my net out over him, and he will be caught in my hunting net	Yahweh speaks of enabling the enemy army to capture the king as if he were trapping the king in a net. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	20	r443	figs-activepassive		0	he will be caught in my hunting net	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will catch him in my hunting net” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	21	lam3	figs-metonymy		0	All of his refugees…armies will fall by the sword	The word “fall” is a euphemism for “die.” Here the word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people with swords. Alternate translation: “Soldiers will kill all his refugees…armies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	17	21	kq24	figs-activepassive		0	the ones who remain will be scattered in every direction	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the ones who remain alive will flee in every direction” or “the enemy soldiers will scatter in every directions the ones who remain alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	17	21	t3e9	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	17	22	xj4t	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh resumes the parable that he had told in [Ezekiel 17:1](../17/01.md) and speaks about Jerusalem as if it were a branch that he plants on the mountains of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	23	mws7			0	bear branches	“grow new branches”
EZK	17	24	e7fm	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem as if the city were a branch that he plants on the mountains of Israel and of other nations as if they were other trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	24	bv9g	figs-personification		0	Then all the trees of the field will know that I am Yahweh	Yahweh speaks of trees as if they are people who can know about him. The trees represent the nations and the people who live in them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	17	24	gh1n			0	I bring down the high trees and I raise up the low trees	“I cut down the tall trees and I cause the little trees to grow”
EZK	17	24	p5un			0	wither	when a plant dries up and dies.
EZK	18	intro	gvm6			0		# Ezekiel 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Inherited Guilt<br><br>God does not punish children for the sins of their parents, but only punishes them for their own sins. Despite this, the parents’ sins may still have consequences for their children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
EZK	18	1	a2ir	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came to me again	The phrase “the word of Yahweh came” is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke to me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	2	gk4f	figs-rquestion		0	What do you mean, you who use this proverb…‘Fathers eat sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are made blunt’?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to remind Ezekiel something he already knows. The question is a rebuke for the people who use the proverb. Alternate translation: “The people in the land of Israel have this proverb…‘Fathers eat sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are made blunt’.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	2	wns2	figs-you		0	What do you mean, you who use this proverb	Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	18	2	wc56	figs-metonymy		0	land of Israel	This refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	2	cn37	writing-proverbs		0	Fathers eat sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are made blunt	This proverbs means that children experience the consequences of their parents’ actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
EZK	18	2	g4t5	figs-idiom		0	the children’s teeth are made blunt	The idiom “teeth are made blunt” refers to the sour taste in one’s mouth that is a result of eating unripe or sour fruit. Alternate translation: “the children get a sour taste in their mouths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	4	xde9			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	18	4	fir3	figs-synecdoche		0	The soul who sins	Here the word “soul” represents the person. Alternate translation: “The person who sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	18	6	nhp3	figs-explicit		0	he does not eat upon the mountains	People often worshiped and offered sacrifices to pagan gods on the mountains. It is implied that this person has not participated in these kinds of pagan rituals. Alternate translation: “he does not eat meat sacrificed to idols on the mountains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	18	6	nr4h	translate-symaction		0	lift up his eyes to the idols	The idiom “lift up his eyes” refers to looking toward something. With reference to idols, this gesture represents worshiping or praying to idols. Alternate translation: “worship the idols” or “pray to the idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	18	6	w2dj	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	6	up1i	figs-explicit		0	approached a woman during her monthly period	It is implicit that he has not approached a woman in order to sleep with her. Alternate translation: “approached a woman to sleep with her during her monthly period” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	18	7	mqe1			0	gives back to the debtor what was put up as security for a loan	“returns to the debtor the item that the debtor gave him as security for the loan”
EZK	18	8	kad7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to describe the actions of the righteous man.
EZK	18	8	r5q7			0	interest	This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, some modern versions interpret “any interest” in this passage as “too much interest.”
EZK	18	8	ba42			0	establishes faithfulness between people	This means that he judges fairly the disputes that may arise between people.
EZK	18	9	suz6	figs-metaphor		0	that man walks in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of a person obeying his statutes as if the statutes were a path in which the person walks. Alternate translation: “that man obeys my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	10	ftc3	figs-metonymy		0	who sheds blood	This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate translation: “who murders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	10	j9ys			0	any one of these things	This refers to the sinful actions that Yahweh had mentioned beginning in [Ezekiel 18:5](../18/05.md).
EZK	18	11	dz35	figs-explicit		0	eats upon the mountains	People often worshiped and offered sacrifices to pagan gods on the mountains. It is implied that this person has participated in these kinds of pagan rituals. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 18:5](../18/05.md). Alternate translation: “eats meat sacrificed to idols upon the mountains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	18	12	l75w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about the violent son.
EZK	18	12	l2is	figs-doublet		0	the poor and needy	The words “poor” and “needy” share similar meanings and emphasize that these are people who cannot help themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	18	12	vp69	translate-symaction		0	he lifts up his eyes to the idols	The idiom “lifts up his eyes” refers to looking toward something. With reference to idols, this gesture represents worshiping or praying to idols. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: “he worships the idols” or “he prays to the idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	18	13	f8rk			0	interest	This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, some modern versions interpret “any interest” in this passage as “too much interest.”
EZK	18	13	bsd3	figs-rquestion		0	should that man live? Surely he will not!	Yahweh asks this as a leading question in order to emphasize the negative answer. Alternate translation: “he will certainly not live!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	13	g1qv	figs-metonymy		0	his blood will be on him	Here the word “blood” represents death. For blood to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that death. Alternate translation: “he will be responsible for his own death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	14	mv1i			0	behold!	The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows.
EZK	18	15	zmi2	figs-explicit		0	That son does not eat upon the mountains	People often worshiped and offered sacrifices to pagan gods on the mountains. It is implied that this person has not participated in these kinds of pagan rituals. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: “That son does not eat meat sacrificed to idols upon the mountains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	18	15	xca2	translate-symaction		0	he does not lift up his eyes to the idols	The idiom “lifted up his eyes” refers to looking toward something. With reference to idols, this gesture represents worshiping or praying to idols. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 18:6](../18/06.md). Alternate translation: “he does not worship the idols” or “he does not pray to the idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	18	15	q95x	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	16	lvf5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about the son who does not commit the same sins as his father.
EZK	18	17	phc8			0	interest	This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, some modern versions interpret “interest” in this passage as “too much interest.”
EZK	18	17	ud6z	figs-metaphor		0	walks according to my statutes	Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if his statutes were a path in which the person walks. Alternate translation: “obeys my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	18	r9tw			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks about the son’s father who has not obeyed God’s law.
EZK	18	18	qm5w			0	extortion	to take something from someone else by using threats or force.
EZK	18	18	zx7n			0	robbed his brother	“robbed his fellow Israelite”
EZK	18	18	re57			0	behold, he	“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: he”
EZK	18	18	j2xs			0	in his iniquity	“because of his iniquity”
EZK	18	19	b1t5	figs-metaphor		0	Why does the son not bear the iniquity of his father?	Yahweh speaks of a person being responsible for or guilty of iniquity as if the iniquity were an object that the person carries. Alternate translation: “Why is the son not responsible for the iniquity of his father?” or “Why is the son not guilty of the iniquity of his father?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	20	f1kn	figs-idiom		0	The righteousness of the one who acts rightly will be on himself	For righteousness to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that righteousness. Alternate translation: “The one who acts rightly will be responsible for his own righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	20	al73	figs-idiom		0	the wickedness of the wicked will be on himself	For wickedness to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that wickedness. Alternate translation: “the wicked person will be responsible for his own wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	21	si4u			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaking of the wicked person who changes and does what is righteous.
EZK	18	22	m9ky	figs-idiom		0	All the transgressions that he has committed will not be called to mind against him	The idiom “call to mind” means to remember. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will not remember all the transgressions that he has committed and will not hold them against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	18	22	zi9d			0	by the righteousness that he practices	“because of the righteous things he has done”
EZK	18	23	h2ef			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks about his desire for wicked people.
EZK	18	23	d6na	figs-rquestion		0	Do I greatly rejoice over the death of the wicked…and not in his turning away from his way so that he may live?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question in order to emphasize the opposite. Alternate translation: “I do not greatly rejoice over the death of the wicked…but I do greatly rejoice if he turns away from his way so that he may live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	23	mh3x	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	18	23	phj4	figs-metaphor		0	not in his turning away from his way	Yahweh speaks of a person’s lifestyle or behavior as if it were a way on which the person walks. The idiom “to turn away” from something means to stop doing that thing. Alternate translation: “not in his ceasing to live the way that he lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	18	24	s4ik			0	General Information:	Yahweh gives an example of a man who turns from righteousness to wickedness.
EZK	18	24	m2kn	figs-rquestion		0	then will he live?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the negative answer. Alternate translation: “then he will surely not live.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	24	nzl9	figs-idiom		0	All the righteousness that he had done will not be called to mind	The idiom “call to mind” means to remember. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will not remember all the righteousness that he had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	18	24	x971			0	treason	crime done against a country or against God, by someone who is expected to be loyal
EZK	18	24	lf1q			0	he will die in the sins	“he will die because of the sins”
EZK	18	25	i7zr	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	25	nj78	figs-rquestion		0	Are my ways unfair?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the negative answer. Alternate translation: “My ways are not unfair.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	25	prn4	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not your ways that are unfair?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize the positive answer. Alternate translation: “It is your ways that are unfair.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	26	p2tt	figs-parallelism		0	dies because of them…die in the iniquity that he has done	These phrases repeat the thought of a man dying because of his sin to express that it was his fault and the fault of no one else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	18	28	zi5q	figs-metaphor		0	he has seen	Yahweh speaks of the person thinking about and understanding something as if the person were seeing it. Alternate translation: “he has considered” or “he has understood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	29	ppp4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to teach the people of Israel why his way is fair.
EZK	18	29	pe9e	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	29	pq68	figs-metaphor		0	The way of the Lord is not fair…How is my way not fair…It is your ways that are not fair	Actions or behaviors are spoken of as if they were a way or path that a person travels. Alternate translation: “The Lord does not act fairly…How do I not act fairly…It is you who do not act fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	30	d4ja	figs-metaphor		0	according to his ways	Yahweh speaks of a person’s actions as if the person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “according to his actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	30	j6mr	figs-metaphor		0	turn away from all your transgressions so that they will not be stumbling blocks of iniquity against you	Yahweh speaks of “transgressions” causing people to rebel against him as if they were blocks over which the people stumble. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	30	i18v	figs-metonymy		0	stumbling blocks of iniquity against you	Possible meanings are (1) the stumbling blocks cause the person to commit more iniquity. Alternate translation: “stumbling blocks that cause you to commit more iniquity” or (2) The word “iniquity” is a metonym for the punishment that a person receives for his iniquity. Alternate translation: “stumbling blocks that lead to your punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	18	31	va7u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel.
EZK	18	31	pv2w	figs-metaphor		0	Throw away from yourselves all of the transgressions that you have committed	Yahweh speaks of the people determining to stop committing transgressions as if the transgressions were objects, such as clothing, that they removed and threw away. Alternate translation: “Get rid of all of the transgressions that you have committed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	31	vlg7	figs-metonymy		0	make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit	Here the word “heart” represents the will and emotions and the word “spirit” represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of the people having new emotions and thoughts as if they were making a new heart and spirit for themselves. Alternate translation: “get for yourselves new emotions and a new way of thinking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	18	31	lt9c	figs-rquestion		0	Why should you die, house of Israel?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to comfort the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “There is no reason for you to die, house of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	18	31	x2a9	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	19	intro	e5ek			0		# Ezekiel 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Judah destroyed<br><br>The first king was taken as a captive to Egypt, the next was taken as a captive to Babylon. Now Judah is not prospering.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The kings of Judah are compared to man-eating lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	1	h1e2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to the people of Israel. He tells a story where the nation of Israel is a lioness and some of the past kings in the kingdom of Judah are her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	1	ehw2	figs-idiom		0	take up a lamentation	This idiom means to sing a lamentation. Alternate translation: “sing a lamentation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	19	2	ufs7	figs-rquestion		0	Who was your mother?	Yahweh asks this ask a leading question in order to introduce the answer. Alternate translation: “This is who your mother is.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	19	2	s6ne			0	lioness	a female lion
EZK	19	4	bw46	figs-activepassive		0	He was caught in their trap	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They caught him in their trap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	5	ta9x	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to describe the nation of Israel as a lioness and the kings of the kingdom of Judah as her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	7	fcl5			0	He seized their widows	“He seized the widows of the men whom he devoured”
EZK	19	7	kl3g	figs-activepassive		0	The land and its fullness were abandoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People abandoned the land and its fullness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	7	sd5e			0	its fullness	“everything in it”
EZK	19	8	la27	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to describe the nation of Israel as a lioness and the kings of the kingdom of Judah as her cubs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	8	f365			0	from the surrounding provinces	“from the provinces surrounding the land of Israel”
EZK	19	8	wx8x	figs-activepassive		0	He was caught in their trap	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They caught him in their trap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	9	uv2e	figs-activepassive		0	his voice would no longer be heard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people would no longer hear his voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	10	rhn9	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks of the nation of Israel as though it was the mother of the leaders of Israel. Here he begins to tell a story where she is a prosperous vine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	10	aw92	figs-metonymy		0	a vine planted in your blood	Possible meanings are that “blood” represents (1) the violence of the kings of Judah who had murdered people. Alternate translation: “a vine planted by means of violence” or (2) The plentiful wine of Judah which had become a symbol of prosperity. Alternate translation: “a vine planted in your prosperity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
EZK	19	11	z86b	figs-activepassive		0	strong branches that were used for rulers’ scepters	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “branches strong enough that people used them for rulers’ scepters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	11	p752	figs-activepassive		0	its height was seen by the greatness of its foliage	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people could see how tall it was by the greatness of its foliage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	12	zm2a	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell a story in which the nation of Israel is a vine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	12	a6cn	figs-activepassive		0	the vine was uprooted in fury and thrown down	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh uprooted the vine in fury and threw it down” or “people uprooted the vine in fury and threw it down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	12	uxu6	figs-activepassive		0	Its strong branches were broken off and withered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh broke off its strong branches and they withered” or “People broke off its strong branches and they withered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	19	13	cc66	figs-metaphor		0	in a land of drought and thirst	The very dry land is spoken of as if it were thirsty. Alternate translation: “in a very dry land of drought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	14	xs8a	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell a story in which the nation of Israel is a vine. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	19	14	tj4h	figs-explicit		0	no scepter to rule	The implicit information may be supplied from [Ezekiel 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: “no branch strong enough for a ruler’s scepter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	19	14	yvu7	figs-activepassive		0	will be sung as a lamentation	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must sing it as a lamentation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	intro	ivu9			0		# Ezekiel 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Rebels cannot ask for help<br><br>The people of Israel have rebelled against God again and again. Now they cannot come to God for help in their troubles.
EZK	20	1	y5sk			0	It came about	This phrase is used to mark the beginning of a new part of the story.
EZK	20	1	k5lv	translate-ordinal		0	in the seventh year	The implicit information may be supplied. Alternate translation: “in the seventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	20	1	hm54	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the tenth day of the fifth month	This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the beginning of August on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	20	1	zjh7			0	before me	“in front of me”
EZK	20	2	d3d6	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	3	a3cz			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	20	3	wlf9	figs-idiom		0	As I live	“As surely as I am alive.” Yahweh uses this expression to show that what he says next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	3	v6lv	figs-rquestion		0	Have you come to inquire of me?	Yahweh asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that the elders should not be inquiring of him. Alternate translation: “You should not come to inquire of me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	20	3	g3ng	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	20	4	nf1h	figs-parallelism		0	Will you judge them? Will you judge, son of man?	Yahweh asks Ezekiel the same question twice in order to secure Ezekiel’s commitment to pronounce the judgement. Alternate translation: “Are you ready to pronounce judgment on them, son of man?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	20	5	y373	translate-symaction		0	I…raised my hand to swear an oath	Here “raised my hand” is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. Alternate translation: “I…solemnly swore an oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	20	5	b65p	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Jacob	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate “the house of” as in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	6	ay9x	figs-metaphor		0	It was flowing with milk and honey	“It was a land where plenty of milk and honey flowed.” Yahweh speaks of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “It was land that was excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	6	mhv7	figs-metaphor		0	the most beautiful ornament among all the lands	The lands in which people live are spoken of as if they are jewelry or other things that are pleasant to look at. Alternate translation: “the most beautiful of all lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	7	s5ny			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	7	q74k			0	to them	“to the descendants of the house of Jacob”
EZK	20	7	neb8	figs-metaphor		0	the detestable things from before his eyes	Yahweh speaks of the people worshiping the detestable things as if they had placed those idols in front of their eyes. Alternate translation: “the detestable things that he worships” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	7	uyy1			0	the idols of Egypt	“throw away the idols of Egypt”
EZK	20	7	gnz8	figs-metaphor		0	Do not make yourselves unclean	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	8	asl8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	8	vk1e			0	they rebelled against me	The word “they” refers to “the descendants of the house of Jacob.”
EZK	20	8	f9qd			0	were unwilling to listen to me	“would not obey me”
EZK	20	8	t2sa	figs-metaphor		0	the detestable things from before his eyes	Yahweh speaks of the people worshiping the detestable things as if they had placed those idols in front of their eyes. Alternate translation: “the detestable things that he worshiped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	8	t8aw	figs-metaphor		0	to pour out my fury upon them	Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out on them. Alternate translation: “to act against them in my fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	9	b5we	figs-metonymy		0	for my name’s sake	Here the word “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “for the sake of my reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	9	f5h3	figs-activepassive		0	so it would not be profaned in the eyes of the nations	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the people would not profane it in the eyes of the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	9	f298	figs-metaphor		0	in the eyes	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the opinion” or “in the judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	9	v6br	figs-metonymy		0	the nations	The word “nations” is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate translation: “the people who live in other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	9	q34i			0	they were staying	“they were living”
EZK	20	9	l5wv	figs-idiom		0	I made myself known to them, in their eyes	Here the word “them” refers to the nations. The idiom “in their eyes” refers to being in a position where people can see. Alternate translation: “I revealed myself to them, in their presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	9	xrt5			0	bringing them	“bringing the people of Israel”
EZK	20	10	bsr8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	10	kfp5			0	I sent them	The word “them” refers to “the descendants of the house of Jacob.”
EZK	20	12	fk4k	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	20	13	tps7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	13	tib6	figs-metaphor		0	They did not walk in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if the statutes were a path along which a person walks. Alternate translation: “They did not obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	13	nm2z	figs-metaphor		0	I would pour out my fury upon them	Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out on them. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:8](../20/08.md). Alternate translation: “I would act against them in my fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	13	gx9w	figs-euphemism		0	in order to end them	The euphemism “to end them” refers to killing them. Alternate translation: “in order to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	20	14	c3av	figs-metonymy		0	I acted for my name’s sake	Here the word “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](../20/09.md). Alternate translation: “I acted for the sake of my reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	14	ggw2	figs-activepassive		0	so it would not be profaned in the eyes of the nations	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](../20/09.md). Alternate translation: “so that the people would not profane it in the eyes of the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	14	xp8w	figs-metonymy		0	in the eyes of the nations	Here the “nations” refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](../20/09.md). Alternate translation: “in the thoughts of the people in other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	14	y8dj			0	in whose sight I had brought them out of Egypt	“in whose presence I brought my people out of Egypt”
EZK	20	15	sq7n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	15	njm6	translate-symaction		0	I myself also raised my hand to swear an oath	Here “raised my hand” is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:5](../20/05.md). Alternate translation: “I myself also solemnly swore an oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	20	15	s8f7			0	to them	“to the house of Israel”
EZK	20	15	h643	figs-metaphor		0	a land flowing with milk and honey	“a land where plenty of milk and honey flowed.” Yahweh speaks of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: “a land that was excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	15	y61y	figs-metaphor		0	the most beautiful ornament among all the lands	The lands in which people live are spoken of as if they are jewelry or other things that are pleasant to look at. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: “the most beautiful of all lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	16	q585	figs-metaphor		0	did not walk in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of obeying his statutes as if they were a path along which a person walks. Alternate translation: “did not obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	16	pyd3	figs-metonymy		0	their hearts walked after their idols	Here the word “heart” represents the person’s thoughts and emotions. Yahweh speaks of being dedicated to idols as if a person’s heart walked after them. Alternate translation: “they were dedicated to worshiping their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	17	h6sc	figs-synecdoche		0	my eye spared them	Here the word “eye” represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I spared them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	20	18	qn26			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	18	t5sb	figs-metaphor		0	Do not walk in the statutes of your fathers	Yahweh speaks of a person obeying statutes as if the statutes were paths along with a person walks. Alternate translation: “Do not obey the statutes of your parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	19	v6uh	figs-metaphor		0	walk in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of a person obeying statutes as if the statutes were paths along with a person walks. Alternate translation: “Do not obey the statutes of your parents…obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	19	ylm6	figs-doublet		0	keep my decrees and obey them	To “keep” Yahweh’s decrees is the same as to “obey them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	20	21	j2qb			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	21	qe7t	figs-metaphor		0	They did not walk in my statutes	Yahweh speaks of a person obeying his statutes as if the statutes were a path along which the person walks. Alternate translation: “They did not obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	21	l6ya	figs-metaphor		0	to pour out my fury upon them	Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury by punishing them as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out on them. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:8](../20/08.md). Alternate translation: “to act against them in my fury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	22	cw43	figs-synecdoche		0	I turned my hand away	Here the word “hand” represents Yahweh and turning his hand away means that he does not do what he was going to do. Alternate translation: “But I did not do that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	22	lzk8	figs-metonymy		0	for my name’s sake	Here the word “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “for the sake of my reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	22	k2x8	figs-activepassive		0	so it would not be profaned in the eyes of the nations	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](../20/09.md). Alternate translation: “so that the people would not profane it in the eyes of the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	22	m6pp	figs-metonymy		0	in the eyes of the nations	Here the “nations” refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the thoughts of the people in other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	23	ah7k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	23	swz3	translate-symaction		0	I myself also lifted up my hand to swear	Here “lifted up my hand” is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. Alternate translation: “I myself also solemnly swore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	20	23	d6f9	figs-parallelism		0	scatter them among the nations and disperse them among the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). Alternate translation: “cause them to separate from each other and live in different nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	20	24	r381	figs-synecdoche		0	Their eyes were longing after their fathers’ idols	Here the word “eyes” represents the person who looks to the idols to worship them. Alternate translation: “They were longing after their fathers’ idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	20	25	w1tt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the elders of Israel.
EZK	20	25	r4jl			0	Then I also gave them statutes that were not good, and decrees by which they could not live	The words statutes in this phrase do not refer to God’s law. God permitted them to live by human laws and judgments that were not good.
EZK	20	25	za7n			0	gave them	The word “them” refers to the children of those whom Yahweh brought out of Egypt.
EZK	20	26	wj9a	figs-explicit		0	they made a sacrifice of every firstborn of the womb	The phrase “firstborn of the womb” refers to the firstborn child of a woman. The phrase “made a sacrifice” can be translated with the verb “sacrifice.” Alternate translation: “they sacrificed every woman’s firstborn child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	20	29	q226	figs-rquestion		0	What is this high place where you bring offerings there?	Yahweh asks this question in order to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “This is not a high place where you are to bring offerings!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	20	29	c1ae	figs-activepassive		0	the name is called Bamah	The name “Bamah” means “high place,” a place for worshiping idols. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people have called that place Bamah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	30	buq3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	30	usg4	figs-rquestion		0	Why do you make yourselves unclean with the ways of your fathers?	Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “You should not make yourselves unclean by doing the things that your fathers did.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	20	30	vms1	figs-metaphor		0	Why do you make yourselves unclean	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	30	iz7z	figs-rquestion		0	So why do you act like prostitutes, searching for disgusting things?	Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “You should not act like prostitutes, searching for disgusting things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	20	30	l4ea	figs-simile		0	why do you act like prostitutes	Yahweh speaks of the people being unfaithful to him as if they were acting like women who sleep with men to whom they are not married. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	20	31	b4ay	figs-rquestion		0	So why should I let you seek me, house of Israel?	Yahweh asks this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “I will not let you come close to me, house of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	20	33	eu6g			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	33	ad5k	figs-metonymy		0	with a mighty hand, a raised arm	The words “hand” and “arm” both represent power. Alternate translation: “with very great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	20	33	d5h5	figs-metaphor		0	fury that will be poured out on you	Yahweh speaks of expressing his fury as if the fury were a liquid that he pours out on the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “fury that I will pour out on you” or “I will express my fury towards you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	34	tam7	figs-activepassive		0	among whom you have been scattered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “among whom I have scattered you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	36	yke5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	37	vi6t	figs-metaphor		0	I will cause you to pass under my rod	This refers to the practice of a shepherd counting and inspecting his sheep as the sheep walked under his staff. Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh will count his people whom he gathers from the nations to ensure that they are all present. Alternate translation: “I will count you carefully as a shepherd counts his sheep” or (2) Yahweh will inspect each person as they pass under his staff in order to separate the faithful from the unfaithful. Alternate translation: “I will inspect you carefully as a shepherd inspects his sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	39	aw31			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	39	gb75	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	39	tsi3			0	to listen to me	“to obey me” or “to pay attention to me”
EZK	20	39	ym44	figs-metonymy		0	profane my holy name	Here the word “name” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “dishonor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	40	da7d			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	40	s7hu			0	to require your offerings	“to require you to bring your offerings”
EZK	20	40	idl2	figs-metaphor		0	the firstfruits of your tribute	Yahweh speaks of the best things among all that they give to him as if they were “firstfruits.” Alternate translation: “the best of your contributions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	40	tl2m			0	your holy things	“the offerings that you set aside to give to me”
EZK	20	41	t8i1	figs-metaphor		0	I will accept you like fragrant incense	Yahweh speaks of his people worshiping him as they should as if the people themselves were the incense offering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	41	ihb7	figs-parallelism		0	bring you out from the peoples and gather you out of the countries	These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will bring his people back from all of the nations to which he had scattered them. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:34](../20/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	20	41	wmu4	figs-activepassive		0	where you have been scattered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where I have scattered you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	42	i8eq			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	20	42	dm9p	translate-symaction		0	I have lifted up my hand to swear	Here “lifted up my hand” is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. Alternate translation: “I have solemnly sworn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	20	43	q5sv	figs-idiom		0	you will call to mind	This idiom means to remember. Alternate translation: “you will remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	43	qyk3	figs-metaphor		0	you defiled yourselves	A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were defiled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	43	hf41	figs-metaphor		0	you will despise yourselves in your own eyes	Here the eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “you will hate yourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	20	44	c1dm	figs-metonymy		0	because of my name’s sake	Here the word “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “because of my reputation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	45	tvt5	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	46	a9yb	translate-symaction		0	set your face toward the southern lands	This is a command to stare at the southern lands as a symbol of punishing the people there. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: “Stare at the southern lands” or “Stare at the southern lands so that they will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	20	46	htt4	figs-metonymy		0	set your face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set your face” represents staring. Alternate translation: “stare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	20	47	s2sk	figs-activepassive		0	The fiery flame will not be quenched	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The fiery flame will not go out” or “No one will be able to quench the fiery flame” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	47	d21g	figs-activepassive		0	every face from the south to the north will be burned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the fire will burn every face from the south to the north” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	47	e2zx	figs-synecdoche		0	every face from the south to the north	Here the word “face” represents the person. By mentioning the opposite directions, Yahweh refers to everyone who lives in the north, in the south, and everywhere in between. Alternate translation: “every person who lives in that area” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
EZK	20	48	ej7i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the forest of the Negev.
EZK	20	48	i6we	figs-metonymy		0	all flesh will see	Here the word “flesh” represents all humans. The idiom to “see” means to understand. Alternate translation: “all people will understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	20	48	ndc1	figs-activepassive		0	it will not be quenched	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will not go out” or “no one will quench it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	20	49	uy57			0	Alas	a word that expresses distress or grief
EZK	20	49	c7jn	figs-rquestion		0	Is he not a mere teller of parables?	The people use this question to insult Ezekiel and dismiss what he is telling them. Alternate translation: “He is merely telling parables” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	21	intro	w2g3			0		# Ezekiel 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Refusing to learn<br><br>Judah has refused to learn from their punishment, so God is about to destroy the nation in war.
EZK	21	1	hd7j	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	2	u51f			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity or “Mortal person” or “Human.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md).
EZK	21	2	m1q8	translate-symaction		0	set your face toward Jerusalem	This is a command to stare at Jerusalem as a symbol of punishing the people there. Alternate translation: “stare at Jerusalem” or “stare at Jerusalem so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	21	2	td4a	translate-symaction		0	set your face toward Jerusalem	Jerusalem was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but staring in that direction would be a symbol of harming it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md) Alternate translation: “Turn toward Jerusalem and stare” or “stare toward Jerusalem so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	21	3	is8f	figs-metaphor		0	I will draw my sword from its sheath and cut off both the righteous person and the wicked person from you	This speaks of Yahweh causing these people to die as if he actually killed them with his own sword. Alternate translation: “I am opposed to you, and it will be as though I pull my sword from its sheath to kill both the righteous and the wicked people among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	3	k8kd			0	the righteous person and the wicked person	“righteous people and wicked people.” This refers to multiple people, not just one righteous person and one wicked person.
EZK	21	3	ch9n			0	sheath	something that holds and covers a sword when no one is using it
EZK	21	3	vyg4	figs-euphemism		0	cut off	This is a euphemism that means to kill. Alternate translation: “kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	21	4	xv4h			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the land of Israel.
EZK	21	4	l13c	figs-euphemism		0	cut off	This is a euphemism that means to kill. Alternate translation: “kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	21	4	x4hz	figs-nominaladj		0	the righteous…the wicked	This refers to righteous and wicked people. Alternate translation: “those who are righteous…those who are wicked” or “the righteous people…the wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	21	4	g8nl			0	from you	“among you”
EZK	21	4	yc2b	figs-metaphor		0	my sword will go out from its sheath against	This speaks of Yahweh causing these people to die as if he actually killed them with his own sword. Alternate translation: “it will be as though I pull my sword from its sheath and strike” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	4	bm2n	figs-metonymy		0	all flesh	Here “flesh” is a metonym for “people.” Alternate translation: “all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	4	w4nb	figs-merism		0	from the south to the north	This is a merism that refers to the area to the north, and to the south, and all places in between. Alternate translation: “in every direction” or “everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
EZK	21	5	e2el	figs-metaphor		0	that I, Yahweh, have drawn my sword from its sheath	This speaks of Yahweh causing people to die as if he actually killed them with his own sword. Alternate translation: “it is as though I, Yahweh, have struck people with my sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	5	ju9i	figs-personification		0	It will no longer hold back	This speaks of Yahweh not holding back his sword from attacking people as if his sword were a person that was no longer holding itself back from attacking. Alternate translation: “and I will not put it back in its sheath again” or “I will not hold back from attacking people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	21	6	ztb6			0	General Information:	Yahweh is speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	21	6	ius9	figs-idiom		0	groan as your loins break	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to groan as a sign to accompany his message. He tells him to groan deeply as if his abdomen was in great pain. “groan deeply as if your loins were in great pain” or “groan deeply with great sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	6	xg8x			0	In bitterness groan	“With great grief” or “With great sorrow”
EZK	21	6	n99h	figs-synecdoche		0	before their eyes	Here the Israelites are referred to by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “before them” or “before the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	21	7	jri2	figs-personification		0	the news that is coming	This speaks of the “news” as if it were a person that was soon coming to them. Alternate translation: “the news that they will soon hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	21	7	c8df	figs-synecdoche		0	for every heart will faint away	This speaks of people becoming afraid, as if their hearts were fainting. Also, this speaks of the people fainting as a result of fear. Alternate translation: “for everyone will become fearful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	7	kml3			0	will falter	“will be weak”
EZK	21	7	t44k	figs-metaphor		0	Every spirit will grow faint	This speaks of people becoming fearful in their spirits as if their spirits were about to faint. Alternate translation: “Everyone will be fearful in their inner being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	7	p1p8	figs-euphemism		0	every knee will flow like water	“every knee will be as weak as water.” This is a euphemism for people being so afraid that they lose their bladder control and urinate on themselves. Alternate translation: “every leg will be wet with urine” or “everyone will lose control of their urine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	21	7	nfk2	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	21	8	jft4	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	9	u3s4	figs-metaphor		0	A sword! A sword! It will be sharpened and polished!	This passage describes the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for an enemy army that Yahweh will use to attack Jerusalem. This metaphor begins here and continues through [Ezekiel 21:17](../21/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	9	luz5	figs-activepassive		0	It will be sharpened and polished	This phrase indicates that the sword is ready for someone to use it. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “It is sharp and polished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	9	mne4			0	polished	Someone made the sword smooth, shiny, and clean by rubbing it with a rough material.
EZK	21	10	l1f2	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to describe the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for the enemy army that Yahweh will use to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	10	f22c	figs-activepassive		0	It will be sharpened…It will be polished in order to	These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will sharpen it…I will polish it so that it will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	10	d5jv	figs-simile		0	in order to be like lightning	This means that the sword will be so shiny that light reflects off of it easily and brightly. Alternate translation: “so that it flashes like lightning” or “so that light reflects off of it as brightly as lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	21	10	l8t7	figs-rquestion		0	Should we rejoice in my son’s scepter?	This rhetorical question emphasizes that the people of Israel will not celebrate their king’s power, because it cannot resist the “sword.” Alternate translation: “The people of Judah will not celebrate about their king’s scepter.” or “we should not celebrate the power of our king’s scepter.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	21	10	vq6m	figs-exclusive		0	Should we	The word “we” refers to Ezekiel and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
EZK	21	10	kyj2	figs-metonymy		0	in my son’s scepter	Here Yahweh refers to the king of Judah as his son. The king’s scepter represents his rule as king. It is important to maintain the image of the king’s scepter here, as the words “every such rod” refer to the scepter. Alternate translation: “in the king’s scepter” or “in the power that the king’s scepter represents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	10	h3tv	figs-personification		0	The coming sword hates every such rod	Here the “sword” is personified as coming to attack the people. This speaks of the king not being able to resist the “sword”, as if the “sword” were hating the king’s scepter. Alternate translation: “the sword will overpower his scepter like that of any other ruler” or “for the king will not be able to resist when the sword is brought against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	21	10	d6gp	figs-irony		0	such rod	This phrase is used to mock the king’s scepter by calling it a “rod.” Alternate translation: “such scepter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
EZK	21	11	z7un	figs-activepassive		0	the sword will be given to be polished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will polish the sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	11	p6m7	figs-activepassive		0	then to be grasped by the hand	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then the right person will hold it in his hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	11	h6tw	figs-activepassive		0	it is to be given into the hand of the one who kills	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it is ready for the killer to use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	12	u2r3	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to describe the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for the enemy army that Yahweh will use to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	12	l5al	figs-personification		0	that sword has come against my people! It is against all	This speaks of Yahweh’s sword attacking his people as if the sword itself were the attacker. Alternate translation: “I will use my sword to kill my people! I will bring it against all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	21	12	t9ym	figs-metaphor		0	They are thrown against the sword with my people	This speaks of the leaders of Israel being killed with a sword as if they are thrown against the sword. Alternate translation: “They are killed with the sword along with my people” or “The sword will kill them along with my people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	12	xzv7	translate-symaction		0	slap your thigh	In Ezekiel’s culture, slapping one’s thigh was a sign of grief. Some other translation use the gesture of beating one’s breast which is a sign of grief in many cultures. Alternate translation: “beat your chests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	21	13	w1lx	figs-metonymy		0	the scepter	Here the king of Judah is represented by his scepter. Alternate translation: “the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	13	z8iw	figs-idiom		0	does not last	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “cannot resist” or “is destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	14	wn2d	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to describe the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for the enemy army that Yahweh will use to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	14	qub8	translate-symaction		0	hit your two hands together	This means for him to clap his hands as a sign of his grief. Alternate translation: “clap your hands to show that you are very sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	21	14	hyy2	translate-ordinal		0	even a third time	This is an idiom that means multiple times. Alternate translation: “again and again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	14	mc1p	figs-activepassive		0	A sword for the ones to be slaughtered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “It is a sword for slaughtering people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	14	py3r	figs-activepassive		0	It is a sword for the many to be slaughtered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “It is a sword for slaughtering many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	14	spp8			0	piercing them everywhere	“attacking them from every side.” Some Bibles translate this as “which enters into their rooms.” This means no matter where they hide, the sword will kill them.
EZK	21	14	d9nr			0	piercing them	The word “them” refers to the people of Jerusalem and of the land of Israel.
EZK	21	15	s461	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues to describe the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for the enemy army that Yahweh will use to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	15	r7xl	figs-metaphor		0	to melt their hearts	This speaks of causing the people to be so terrified that it is as if their hearts were melting. Alternate translation: “to fill them with terror” or “to cause them to be terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	15	u5ry	figs-metonymy		0	to multiply their fallen	Here “fallen” refers to the people killed in battle. This means there will be a greater number of people killed. Alternate translation: “to kill many people among them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	15	h1ty	figs-metaphor		0	set the sword for slaughter	Here the sword of Yahweh represents men with swords that are to attack Jerusalem. Also, the word “slaughter” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “placed soldiers armed with swords at their gates, ready to slaughter the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	21	15	r14m			0	their gates	The word “their” refers to the people of Jerusalem.
EZK	21	15	tdr2	figs-simile		0	It is made like lightning	This compares how the sword is well polished and how it reflects light to appear like lightning. Alternate translation: “My sword is polished and flashes like lightning” or “It is polished and reflects light as being like lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	21	15	r9yh	figs-metaphor		0	it is grasped for slaughter	The sword of Yahweh represents the men with swords that are to attack Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “released to slaughter the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	16	vhe8	figs-apostrophe		0	You, sword! Strike to the right!…Go wherever your face is turned.	Here Yahweh speaks to those who will attack his people as if they could hear him and as if they were a sword that they would use in the attack. He does this to emphasize that he is in control of what is happening during the attack. The phrase “wherever your face is turned” is an idiom for “wherever you desire to go.” Alternate translation: “I tell those attacking with swords, ‘Strike to the right!…Attack in every direction.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	17	asm7	translate-symaction		0	hit my two hands together	“clap my hands.” Here clapping hands is a sign of triumph. Alternate translation: “clap my hands in triumph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	21	18	nz8n	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came to me again	The phrase “the word of Yahweh came” is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke to me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	19	m4nn	figs-metonymy		0	the sword of the king of Babylon	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate translation: “the soldiers of the king of Babylon” or “the Babylonian army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	19	ym34	figs-explicit		0	a signpost will mark one of them as leading to a city	This is a sign posted where the road divides into two roads. Alternate translation: “a sign will be posted where the road divides into two roads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	21	21	wf4x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message.
EZK	21	21	g5fx	figs-parallelism		0	at the crossroads, at the junction	Both of these phrases refer to the place where the two roads meet. Alternate translation: “at the crossroads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	21	21	n1gp			0	He will shake some arrows and ask direction from some idols and he will examine a liver	These are divination practices.
EZK	21	22	ccu9	figs-metonymy		0	In his right hand will be an omen about Jerusalem	This means the he will hold one of the articles of his divination that was read as an omen against Jerusalem in his right hand. Alternate translation: “In his right hand will be an article of divination with an omen against Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	22	iw1d			0	battering rams	A battering ram was a cut tree or large log with a sharpened end or an end covered in metal. It was held by several men who would pound the end against a wall.
EZK	21	22	q1zh			0	to build a ramp	These were large dirt ramps that the Babylonian soldiers built so that they could get onto the walls of Jerusalem.
EZK	21	22	nzg7			0	siege towers	These were wooden towers that the Babylonian soldiers built around Jerusalem to enable them to shoot arrows over the walls of Jerusalem.
EZK	21	23	a1iv	figs-metaphor		0	in the eyes of the ones in Jerusalem	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the thoughts of the people in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	24	b96q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Jerusalem.
EZK	21	24	g6jh			0	Because you have made your guilt to be remembered	“Because you remind me of your iniquity”
EZK	21	24	w4vc	figs-activepassive		0	you will be taken in hand	This can be stated in active form. The “enemy’s hand” represents the enemy’s control. Alternate translation: “your enemy will take you in his hand” or “your enemies will capture you and take you into captivity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	25	ihj3			0	General Information:	Yahweh gives Ezekiel his message to the ruler of Israel.
EZK	21	25	x5c4	figs-idiom		0	whose day of punishment has come	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh will now punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	25	zxc1			0	whose time of committing iniquity has ended	“at the time when Yahweh ends iniquity”
EZK	21	26	h94t			0	the turban	“the king’s turban.” A turban is a beautiful piece of cloth that kings wore wrapped on their heads as a symbol of their authority.
EZK	21	26	fwf2	figs-nominaladj		0	the lowly…the exalted	This refers to people with low status and people who are exalted. Alternate translation: “those who are lowly…those who are exalted” or “those with low status…those with high status” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	21	27	qcp3	figs-metonymy		0	It will not be restored	Here the crown represents the position of king. The kingship will not be restored until the Messiah comes. Alternate translation: “There will no longer be a king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	27	ngj1	figs-activepassive		0	the one comes who is assigned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one comes who I assign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	28	s9mt	figs-abstractnouns		0	concerning their coming disgrace	The word “disgrace” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “about how he will disgrace them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	21	28	wl2n	figs-metaphor		0	A sword, a sword is drawn! It is sharpened for the slaughter	This refers to the sword of Yahweh which is a metaphor for the soldiers that Yahweh uses to kill a large number of people who have been disobedient to him. Alternate translation: “Swords! My soldiers have drawn their swords! They are sharpened for the slaughter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	28	t6s4			0	is drawn	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “is out of its sheath”
EZK	21	28	b94s			0	It is sharpened for the slaughter in order to devour	This speaks of the soldiers killing people as if they were animals devouring their prey. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “It is sharp in order to slaughter and to kill people”
EZK	21	28	js4d	figs-simile		0	so it will be like lightning	This means that the sword is so shiny that light reflects off of it easily and brightly. Alternate translation: “and light reflects off of it as brightly as lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	21	29	x4ak	figs-gendernotations		0	empty visions for you…with lies for you	“empty visions for you Ammonites…with lies for you Ammonites.” The word “you” refers to the people of Ammon. In the original Biblical language, the word “your” is feminine singular and refers to the nation of Ammon. Nations were often thought of as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
EZK	21	29	qi4r	figs-metaphor		0	empty visions	This speaks of visions being false and meaningless as if they were empty containers. Alternate translation: “visions that are not true” or “false visions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	29	gji8	figs-nominaladj		0	the wicked	This refers to wicked people. Alternate translation: “those who are wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	21	29	la5c	figs-activepassive		0	who are about to be killed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who are about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	21	29	a8rs	figs-idiom		0	whose day of punishment has come and whose time of iniquity is about to end	The phrases “day of” and “time of” are idioms. Alternate translation: “for the time has come for them to be punished and for their iniquity to end” or “for the time has come for me to punish them and for them to no longer be able to commit wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	21	30	n3xh			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Ammon.
EZK	21	30	r5ab	figs-metaphor		0	Return the sword to its sheath	“Later the sword will be put back in its sheath.” This speaks of the soldiers withdrawing from attacking Jerusalem, by saying that Yahweh’s sword is put back in its sheath. Alternate translation: “But later the soldiers will return their swords to their sheaths, for the time of slaughter will be over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	21	30	ge15			0	sheath	This is something that holds and covers a sword when no one is using it. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 21:3](../21/03.md).
EZK	21	30	g9uy	figs-abstractnouns		0	In the place of your creation	The word “creation” may be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “In the place that I created you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	21	31	dm1x	figs-metaphor		0	I will pour out my indignation on you	This speaks of Yahweh punishing the Babylonians because of his indignation against them as if his indignation were a liquid that he poured out of a container upon them. Alternate translation: “I will punish you because of indignation against you” or “Out of my anger I will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	31	iui1	figs-metaphor		0	I will fan the fire of my rage against you	This compares Yahweh’s rage to a consuming fire. Alternate translation: “I will bring my rage upon you like a blazing fire” or “I will punish you in my fierce anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	21	31	nc5u	figs-metonymy		0	the hand of cruel men	The “hand” of the men refers to their control. Alternate translation: “the control of cruel men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	21	31	z1g9			0	craftsmen of destruction	“men who cause great destruction”
EZK	21	32	dlw5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Ammon.
EZK	21	32	cv2j			0	You will become fuel for the fire	“The fire will burn up your bodies”
EZK	21	32	w6d5			0	Your blood will be in the midst of the land	“Your blood will soak into the ground of your land”
EZK	21	32	h97t	figs-activepassive		0	You will not be remembered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one will remember you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	22	intro	v9yg			0		# Ezekiel 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Continuous evil<br><br>Murder, idolatry and all sorts of evil have been done in Jerusalem; so God will destroy the city and scatter the people among the nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
EZK	22	1	r5l7	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	22	2	v6kn	figs-rquestion		0	Now you, son of man, will you judge? Will you judge the city of blood?	This rhetorical question functions as a command. AT. “Son of man, go and judge. Go and judge the city of blood.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	22	2	eh7w			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	22	2	a7f3	figs-metonymy		0	the city of blood	The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. Alternate translation: “the city where many people murder their neighbors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	2	jzh2	figs-gendernotations		0	her	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem. Cities were often thought of as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	22	3	j2cg	figs-gendernotations		0	her…herself	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem. Cities were often thought of as a woman. This continues through verse 32. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	22	3	u3b4	figs-metonymy		0	This is a city that pours…her midst	Here the “city” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “The people who live in this city pour…its midst” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	3	v7a4	figs-metaphor		0	that pours out blood in her midst	The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. Alternate translation: “where many people murder their neighbors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	3	j6ka	figs-explicit		0	so that her time may come	This refers to the time when Yahweh will destroy them. Alternate translation: “so that the time of her destruction may come” or “so that the time may come for her to be destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	3	ujd2	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	4	lth2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak through Ezekiel to the people of Jerusalem.
EZK	22	4	u2vl	figs-metaphor		0	by the blood that you have poured out	This speaks of murdering people as pouring out blood. Alternate translation: “because you murdered innocent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	4	lxu6	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person whom God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	4	b7gh	figs-idiom		0	You have drawn your days to a close, and the end of your years has come	The images of days being brought to a close and years coming to an end are both idioms representing ending by death or by destruction. By saying that Jerusalem has brough her days to a close, Yahweh implies that Jerusalem would soon be destroyed because of the people’s sin. Alternate translation: “Because of these things you have done, you are approaching the end of your time” or “You are bringing your existence to an end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] )
EZK	22	4	tl1y			0	have drawn your days to a close	“have brought your days to an end” or “have ended your life”
EZK	22	4	u8pd	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will make you a reproach to the nations and a laughingstock to all the lands	This can be reworded so that the nouns “reproach” and “laughingstock” are expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: “I will make the nations reproach you and all the lands ridicule you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	22	4	q6vv			0	a reproach	someone whom people disapprove of or rebuke
EZK	22	4	gu6t			0	a laughingstock	a person whom people ridicule or mock
EZK	22	4	t4k2	figs-hyperbole		0	to all the lands	This generalization refers to the places who are familiar with Jerusalem and represents the people who live in these places. Alternate translation: “of the people of every nearby land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	22	6	i3ws			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaking about the ruler of Israel in Jerusalem.
EZK	22	6	jp3g			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	22	6	d3y2			0	each one by his own power, have come	“have each used their authority to come to you.”
EZK	22	6	mi2p	figs-apostrophe		0	come to you	Yahweh speaks to the city of Jerusalem itself as if it were a woman who could hear him speak. Alternate translation: “come to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
EZK	22	6	gx6j	figs-metaphor		0	to pour out blood	This speaks of murdering people as pouring out blood. Alternate translation: “to murder people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	7	q7wc			0	They have dishonored fathers	“The rules of Israel have dishonored their fathers”
EZK	22	7	b8l5			0	within you…in your midst…within you	Yahweh speaks to the city of Jerusalem itself as if it were a woman who could hear him speak. Alternate translation: “within Jerusalem…in the midst of Jerusalem…within Jerusalem.” The words “you” and “your” refer to Jerusalem.
EZK	22	7	rd1h			0	performed oppression on	“oppressed”
EZK	22	9	x1yw	figs-explicit		0	they eat on the mountains	Here “the mountains” refer to the altars on the mountains that are dedicated to idols. They men eat meat that has been sacrificed to the idols in order to be have the blessing of false gods. Alternate translation: “they eat the meat that has been sacrificed to idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	9	n1r9			0	perform wickedness in your midst	“do evil things among you”
EZK	22	10	e53w	figs-apostrophe		0	General Information:	God continues to speak through Ezekiel about the terrible things that the people of Jerusalem have done. He speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if they were the city itself, and of the city of Jerusalem as if it were a woman. The word “you” is always feminine singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	10	zj5w	figs-apostrophe		0	Within you	In all instances of this phrase, the writer refers to the people of Jerusalem as if they were the city itself, and of the city of Jerusalem as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: “within this city” or “among you people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	10	r52h	figs-euphemism		0	men uncover the nakedness of their father	This means that a son sleeps with his father’s wife. Alternate translation: “there are men who sleep with their father’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	22	10	d8i1	figs-explicit		0	they have violated unclean women during their menstrual period	These are all ways to express that the men have had slept with women they should not have and how sinful their actions are. Alternate translation: “They have raped unclean women during their menstrual period” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	10	r6h7	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person whom God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. Women were considered to be unclean during their menstrual period. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	11	i4cb	figs-explicit		0	commit abominations with their neighbors’ wives…make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean…abuse their own sisters	These are all ways to express that the men have had slept with women they should not have and how sinful their actions are. Alternate translation: “commit abominations by sleeping with their neighbors’ wives…make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean by sleeping with them…rape their own sisters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	12	n8h5	figs-metaphor		0	to pour out blood	This speaks of murdering people as pouring out blood. Alternate translation: “to murder people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	12	tf3b			0	interest	This word refers to the money paid by a person to use borrowed money. However, some modern versions interpret “interest” in this passage as “too much interest.”
EZK	22	12	zdw2	figs-explicit		0	you have damaged your neighbors through oppression	This means that they have oppressed their neighbors by charging them too much interest. Alternate translation: “you have oppressed your neighbors and made them poor” or “you have made your neighbors poor by charging too much interest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	12	jp8b	figs-metaphor		0	you have forgotten me	Refusing to obey Yahweh is like forgetting that he exists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	12	al1x	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	22	13	g7vk	figs-apostrophe		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Jerusalem by speaking directly to the city of Jerusalem as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	13	b8at	translate-symaction		0	With my hand I have struck	“I have shaken my fist against” or “I have clapped my hands against.” This is a symbolic action that shows anger and disapproval. Alternate translation: “I have shown my anger and disapproval against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	22	13	vvt6			0	the bloodshed that is done in the midst of you	“the murder that people commit in you”
EZK	22	14	i494	figs-rquestion		0	Will your heart stand, will your hands be strong on the days when I myself will deal with you?	Yahweh uses this rhetorical question to emphasize how hurt they will be when he punishes them. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your heart will not stand and your hands will not be strong on the days when I myself will deal with you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	22	14	se71	figs-synecdoche		0	Will your heart stand	Here the whole person is referred to by his “heart” to emphasize his emotions and will. Here the idea of “standing” is an idiom that means to be courageous. Alternate translation: “Will you stand” or “Will you be courageous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	22	14	ajb4	figs-synecdoche		0	will your hands be strong	Here the whole person is referred to by his “hands.” Alternate translation: “will you be strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	22	15	q5cz	figs-parallelism		0	So I will scatter you among the nations and disperse you through the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). Alternate translation: “So I will cause them to separate from each other and live in different nations”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	22	15	h23a			0	purge	remove something unwanted
EZK	22	15	zmj9	figs-metaphor		0	uncleanness	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	15	e3bn	figs-metonymy		0	the nations	Here the “nations” refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate translation: “the people in other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	16	ka57	figs-metaphor		0	So you will become unclean in the eyes of the nations	Here the “nations” refer to the people who live in those places. The “eyes” represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “So the nations will consider you unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	16	y3i5	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	17	zqj8	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	22	18	nd5i	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel has	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites have” or “the Israelite people group has” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	18	q3kz	figs-metaphor		0	has become dross to me	Dross is the impurities that are left over after silver or gold has been purified in a furnace. Here Yahweh speaks of the people being worthless to him as if they were dross. Alternate translation: “has become as worthless to me as dross” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	18	apn9	figs-metaphor		0	All of them are the leftovers of bronze and tin…like the dross of silver in your furnace	Yahweh continues to speaks about how the people have become worthless to him as if they were dross. Alternate translation: “All of them are as worthless as the leftover of bronze and tin, and iron and lead that remain after you melt silver in the furnace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	19	g5k4			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	22	20	c4pc	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	God continues to describe his punishment of the people of Israel in Jerusalem as if they were metals that he was melting and purifying in a furnace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	20	z88f	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will gather you in my anger and my wrath	The phrases with “anger” and “wrath” are used together to emphasize that he was extremely angry. Alternate translation: “Because of my great anger and wrath, I will gather you” or “I will be furiously angry with you, and I will gather you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	22	21	z69y	figs-metaphor		0	I will gather you and blow on you the fire of my wrath	This is the image of a person gathering the metals in the furnace and blowing the fire to make it hotter. Yahweh speaks of the greatness of his wrath as if it were a fire that he was blowing to make it hotter. Alternate translation: “I will gather you, and my wrath will be like a fire that I will blow on you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	22	mk5l			0	you will be melted in it	The word “it” refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	22	22	mim9	figs-metaphor		0	have poured out my wrath on you	God speaks of punishing the people as if his wrath were a liquid that he would pour on them. Alternate translation: “have punished you in my anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	23	k1yr			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to Jerusalem.
EZK	22	23	y9kt	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	22	24	i1bn	figs-activepassive		0	You are a land that has not been cleansed	This can be stated in active form. The word “land” here refers to Israel and to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “You are a land and a people that is unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	24	c4rz	figs-metaphor		0	not been cleansed	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	24	fy7g	figs-idiom		0	There is no rain on the day of wrath	Rain is used as an example of God’s blessing. Alternate translation: “There is no blessing on the day of wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	22	25	alu8			0	There is a conspiracy of her prophets in her midst	The word “her” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “The prophets within Israel plot conspiracies”
EZK	22	25	xfb1			0	conspiracy	a secret plan made by two or more people to do something harmful or illegal
EZK	22	25	x5z7	figs-simile		0	like a roaring lion tearing apart a victim. They consume life and take precious wealth	This compares the prophets of Israel to lions who attack and kill their victims. Alternate translation: “They kill people for they are like roaring lions who attack and kill their prey. They take peoples’ precious wealth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	22	25	irv7	figs-explicit		0	they make many widows within her	The word “her” refers to Israel. They “make many widows” by killing married men. Alternate translation: “they make many women into widows by killing their husbands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	22	26	j2q1			0	do violence to my law	“disobey my laws”
EZK	22	26	g2wa	figs-nominaladj		0	the unclean and the clean	This refers to unclean and clean things. Something that God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. Alternate translation: “things that are unclean and things that are clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	26	qr2v	figs-metaphor		0	They hide their eyes from my Sabbaths	This speaks of the people ignoring and not observing the Sabbath and if they were hiding their eyes from the Sabbath” Alternate translation: “They ignore my Sabbaths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	26	lvt2	figs-activepassive		0	so that I am profaned in their midst	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and profane me among themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	22	27	agb1			0	her	This pronoun refers to Jerusalem.
EZK	22	27	cy5j	figs-simile		0	Her princes within her are like wolves tearing apart their victims	This compares Israel’s princes to wolves who attack and kill their victims. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	22	27	ni39	figs-parallelism		0	They pour out blood and destroy life	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the violence that the princes practice. Alternate translation: “They murder people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	22	28	ii3k	figs-metaphor		0	Her prophets have painted them over with whitewash	This speaks of the prophets trying to hide these sins as if they were something that they could paint over with whitewash. Alternate translation: “It is like her prophets have painted over their sins with whitewash” or “Their prophets try to hide these evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	28	n4j7			0	whitewash	This is a solution that is painted on things to make them white that is similar to white paint.
EZK	22	28	y6zm			0	predict falsehoods to them	“predict lies for the princes.” The word “them” refers to the princes.
EZK	22	29	wdj1	figs-ellipsis		0	have oppressed…and plundered	The understood words may be supplied. Alternate translation: “have oppressed people…and plundered others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	22	29	wdd7			0	extortion	This refers to when someone threatens or hurts another person in order to make them give him money.
EZK	22	29	k2bg	figs-nominaladj		0	the poor and needy	This refers to poor and needy people. Alternate translation: “those who are poor and needy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	22	30	w3cn	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh compares the leaders of Jerusalem to a wall and himself to an invading army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	30	d1ss	figs-metaphor		0	a man from them who would build up a wall	This speaks of a man who would take responsibility to pray for the people and to lead them to repentance as if that man were to build a wall to protect the people from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “a man from among them who would act like he built a wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	30	ml2l	figs-metaphor		0	stand before me in its breach	Its “breach” refers to a gap in the wall. This speaks of the man defending the people before Yahweh as if he were a warrior standing in the breach to defend the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	30	fph5	figs-metonymy		0	for the land so I would not destroy it	Here the “land” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “for the people so that I would not destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	22	31	v2tp	figs-metaphor		0	pour out my indignation upon them	This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people as if his indignation were a liquid that he poured out on them. Alternate translation: “I will punish the people because of my indignation for them” or “I will punish the people because of my anger against them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	22	31	l4q3			0	indignation	anger of a person who has suffered injustice
EZK	22	31	dh4t	figs-metaphor		0	I will finish them with the fire of my indignation	This speaks of how harsh Yahweh’s judgement is by comparing it to a fire. Here destroying the people is referred to as “finishing” them. Alternate translation: “I will destroy them with my wrath which is as intense as a blazing fire” or “I will destroy them with my wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	23	intro	tr7w			0		# Ezekiel 23 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Israel and Judah have been unfaithful to God by worshiping idols. They are compared to two unfaithful wives who have repeatedly committed adultery. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	1	q5z2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks of how the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria have been unfaithful to him in a metaphor in which he refers to them as two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	1	n9qw	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	2	z293			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	23	3	rn52	figs-activepassive		0	Their breasts were squeezed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Men squeezed their breasts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	3	gzk8	figs-parallelism		0	their virgin nipples were fondled there	This phrase means basically the same thing as the previous phrase and emphasizes the immoral behavior of the two young women. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there men fondled their virgin nipples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	3	vp26			0	fondled	to be touched lovingly or softly
EZK	23	4	dt7j	figs-explicit		0	they became mine	This means that he married them and they became his wives. Alternate translation: “they became my wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	4	v1jc	figs-metaphor		0	Their names mean this: Oholah means Samaria, and Oholibah means Jerusalem	“Oholah represents Samaria, and Oholibah represents Jerusalem.” In this metaphor Samaria is spoken of as if it were Oholah and Jerusalem is spoken of as if it were Oholibah. This speaks of how these cities were unfaithful to Yahweh as if they were unfaithful wives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	4	gq1j	translate-names		0	Oholah	This is the name of a woman that means “her tent.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	23	4	v8en	translate-names		0	Oholibah	This is the name of a woman that means “my tent is in her.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	23	5	g9a2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	5	bdi2	figs-explicit		0	when she was mine	This refers to when she was his wife. Alternate translation: “while she was still my wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	5	w61b			0	who were dominant	“who ruled over her”
EZK	23	7	mie9			0	all the best of Assyria’s men	This identifies who the word “them” refers to.
EZK	23	7	kx3n	figs-explicit		0	she made herself unclean with everyone she lusted for—and with all their idols	This implies that she slept with all of these men and worshiped the idols they worshiped. Alternate translation: “she made herself unclean by sleeping with everyone she lusted for and by worshiping all their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	7	gtx5	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	8	a7ns	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	8	j6if	figs-metaphor		0	poured out their lust upon her	This speaks of lust as if it were a large amount of water that they were pouring out on her. Alternate translation: “to act lustfully toward her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	9	lch3	figs-metonymy		0	I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians	The word “hand” refers to power or control. The two phrases have the same meaning and the second phrase explains that “her lovers” were “the Assyrians.” Alternate translation: “I gave her over to her lovers, the Assyrians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	23	10	e3uw	figs-idiom		0	they executed judgment on her	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they talked about her disgrace” or “she had a bad reputation among them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	11	hsw2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	11	zbu6	translate-names		0	Oholibah	This is the name of a woman that means “my tent is in her.” See how you translated this name in [Ezekiel 23:4](../23/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	23	13	jv3w	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	13	c3am	figs-explicit		0	It was the same for both sisters	This refers to how they had both made themselves unclean. Alternate translation: “Both sisters became unclean through their acts of prostitution” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	14	z15h	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	15	tmh2			0	turbans	hats made out of long cloth and wrapped around the top of a man’s head
EZK	23	15	d6xq	figs-abstractnouns		0	had the appearance of officers of chariot troops, the likeness of sons	The abstract nouns “likeness” and “appearance” can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “appeared the way officers of chariot troops do, and they looked like sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	23	15	ae9b			0	chariot troops	soldiers who drive chariots and who run ahead of and beside them
EZK	23	15	af5n			0	sons of Babylonia	“Babylonians”
EZK	23	16	g668	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	17	pxm6	figs-explicit		0	her bed of lust	This refers to her bed where she slept with men and acted lustfully. Alternate translation: “her bed where she acted lustfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	17	wf38	figs-explicit		0	they made her unclean with their promiscuousness	This means that they slept with the woman. Alternate translation: “they slept with her and made her unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	17	vew5	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	17	q8ct	figs-idiom		0	so she turned herself away from them	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “so she rejected them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	18	spv3	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	20	ey5g	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	20	hg43	figs-simile		0	whose private parts were like those of donkeys	This compares the size of the mens’ private parts to those of a donkey to show how wicked Oholibah’s desires were. This is an exaggeration as they could not be as large as those of a donkey. Alternate translation: “whose private parts were very long, like those of a donkey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	23	20	cs4h	figs-simile		0	whose reproductive emissions were like those of horses	This compares the volume of the mens’ emissions to those of a horse to show how wicked Oholibah’s desires were. This is an exaggeration as they could not be like those of a horse. Alternate translation: “whose reproductive emissions were huge, like those of a horse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	23	22	yw7s	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	22	f3fw			0	Behold!	“Listen!” The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	23	22	e1zm			0	I will bring them against you from every side	“I will cause them to attack you from all directions”
EZK	23	23	b6g9	figs-hyperbole		0	the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod, Shoa, and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them	This does not refer to all of the people who live in these places, but rather to soldiers from there. Alternate translation: “soldiers from Babylon and all of Chaldea, Pekod, Shoa, and Koa, and all the soldiers of Assyria with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	23	23	j89j	translate-names		0	Pekod, Shoa, and Koa	These are the names places in Babylonia. These places represent the soldiers from these places. Alternate translation: “those from Pekod, Shoa, and Koa” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	23	znx2			0	strong, handsome men, governors and commanders…all of them riding on horses	This is the description of the men of Assyria that Oholah had slept with who are now turning against her. This is similar to the description given in [Ezekiel 23:6](../23/06.md).
EZK	23	24	fh9y	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	24	ggm4	figs-idiom		0	will come against you	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “will attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	24	pyq5			0	with weapons	The Hebrew word translated here as “weapons” is rare. Many modern versions translate it in this way, but some versions leave this phrase out.
EZK	23	24	nr1r	figs-metonymy		0	They will set large shields, small shields, and helmets against you all around	These defensive items are used to refer to various types of soldiers. Alternate translation: “Soldiers will attack you on all sides carrying large shields, small shields, and wearing helmets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	25	i8jn	figs-metaphor		0	For I will set my jealous anger on you, and they will deal with you in fury	Here Yahweh speaks of causing the armies to attack them because he is angry with them as if his anger where something that he was placing upon them. Alternate translation: Because I am very jealous for you, I will cause them to act furiously towards you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	25	uwb6	figs-explicit		0	They will cut off your noses and your ears	This describes the punishment in Babylon for married women who slept with men that are not their husbands. Alternate translation: “They will punish you as an adulteress, by cutting of your noses and your ears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	25	f1n5	figs-euphemism		0	your survivors will fall by the sword	The word “fall” is a euphemism for “die.” The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who kill with swords. Alternate translation: “men will kill your survivors with their swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	25	ay3m	figs-personification		0	your survivors will be devoured by fire	This speaks of the survivors being burned by fire as if the fire were an animal attacking and eating them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your survivors will be burned by fire” or “fire will burn your survivors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	26	h17p	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	27	e5hm	figs-explicit		0	from the land of Egypt	This refers to her prostitution as beginning in Egypt. Alternate translation: “which you began in the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	27	ygi8	figs-metaphor		0	You will not lift up your eyes toward them with longing	This is a way to refer to a person turning their head to look at something. Here looking represents desire. Alternate translation: “You will not look toward them with longing” or “You will not desire these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	27	sh71	figs-metonymy		0	you will think of Egypt no longer	Here “Egypt” represents the shameful things that she did in Egypt. Alternate translation: “you will think about the things you did in Egypt no longer” or “you will not think about what you did in Egypt any more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	28	q8gn	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	28	a7lw			0	Behold	“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
EZK	23	28	vhb4	figs-explicit		0	give you into the hand of the ones you hate…into the hand of the ones from whom you had turned away	These two phrases have the same meaning. It means that they will be captured by the men they used to prostitute themselves to. Alternate translation: “allow you to be captured by those you hate and had turned away from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	28	krd4	figs-metonymy		0	into the hand	Here the word “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “into the control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	29	xqa4	figs-doublet		0	naked and bare	These two words mean the same thing and emphasize that she will be completely uncovered. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	23	29	pgf4	figs-activepassive		0	your nakedness will be uncovered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will reveal your nakedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	30	u4x2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	30	n3n4	figs-activepassive		0	These things will be done to you in your acting	“These things will be done to you because you have acted.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “These things will happen to you because you have acted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	30	i1mg	figs-metonymy		0	acting like a prostitute, lusting after nations	Ezekiel speaks of Oholibah, who represents Judah ([Ezekiel 23:4](../23/04.md)), as if she were a prostitute sleeping with the men of many nations for money. He wants the people of Judah to understand that Yahweh to punish them because they were worshiping the idols of other nations so they could get those nations’ wealth and power. Alternate translation: “acting like a prostitute, lusting after men of other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	30	x6mb	figs-explicit		0	became unclean with their idols	She became unclean by worshiping the idols. Alternate translation: “became unclean by worshiping their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	23	30	d56z	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	31	v34p	figs-metaphor		0	so I will put her cup of punishment into your hand	This refers to Oholibah’s punishment that she will receive as if it were a cup of wine. Alternate translation: “so I will cause you to be punished in the same way as your sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	32	b3qz	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. This metaphor continues through [Ezekiel 23:34](../23/34.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	32	h9zx	figs-metonymy		0	You will drink your sister’s cup	Here Yahweh speaks of punishment as if it were a cup of wine the woman drank. Alternate translation: “You will drink the same cup of punishment as your sister” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	32	tf7m	figs-metonymy		0	your sister’s cup that is	Here the “cup” represents what is in the cup. Alternate translation: “from your sister’s cup that is” or “all that is in your sister’s cup, and her cup is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	32	dj8d	figs-parallelism		0	a laughingstock…a subject for derision	Both of these phrases refer to a person who is laughed at and criticized because of their foolish behavior. Derision is mocking or ridiculing something or someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	23	32	w3yx	figs-ellipsis		0	this cup contains a great amount	This sentence does not say what is in the cup because it is understood by reading [Ezekiel 23:31](../23/31.md). Alternate translation: “this cup contains a great amount of punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	23	33	q7hx	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues his metaphor in which he speaks of the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	33	g6dn	figs-metaphor		0	You will be filled with drunkenness and sorrow	This speaks of being very drunk and full of sorrow as if drunkenness and sorrow were things that filled her body. Alternate translation: “You will become very drunk and very sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	33	pw5b	figs-doublet		0	the cup of horror and devastation	“the cup that causes horror and devastation.” The words “horror” and “devastation” share similar meanings here and emphasize how terrible her punishment will be. Alternate translation: “for what is in that cup causes horror and devastation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	23	33	t7dj	figs-metaphor		0	the cup of your sister Samaria	Oholibah’s sister Oholah represents Samaria. Samaria is called by it’s name but still referred to as a sister. The cup is a symbol for the punishment that she received. Alternate translation: “for this is the same cup of punishment that your sister, who represents Samaria, drank” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	34	r2ip			0	tear your breasts	“cut your beasts”
EZK	23	34	hs2h	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	23	35	k299	figs-metaphor		0	thrown me away behind your back	Yahweh speaks of Oholibah rejecting him as if he were an object that she had thrown behind her back and forgotten. Alternate translation: “rejected me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	36	ght4	figs-rquestion		0	Son of man, will you judge Oholah and Oholibah?	Yahweh uses this rhetorical question as a command for Ezekiel. This question can be written as a statement. The cities of Jerusalem and Samaria are represented by Oholah and Oholibah. Alternate translation: “Son of man, you will judge Oholah and Oholibah!” or “Son of man, judge the people of those two cities represented by Oholah and Oholibah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	36	m5e3			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md).
EZK	23	37	p5bi	figs-idiom		0	there is blood on their hands	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they have murdered people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	38	bmp1			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks about how the people of Jerusalem and Samaria have been unfaithful to him.
EZK	23	38	wj94	figs-metaphor		0	unclean	A person or thing God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 23:7](../23/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	38	b7r3	figs-ellipsis		0	on the same day they defile my Sabbaths	The phrase “same day” refers to the previous phrase “make my sanctuary unclean.” Alternate translation: “on the same day on which they make my sanctuary unclean, they defile my Sabbaths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	23	39	nz1m			0	behold!	“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
EZK	23	39	c5rz	figs-synecdoche		0	in the middle of my house	This refers to the house in general. The reference to the “middle” emphasizes that what was done happened openly in the temple and defiled the whole place. Alternate translation: “in my own house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	23	40	tq47	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh again refers to the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	40	g1jq			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	23	40	ale7			0	you bathed, painted your eyes, and adorned yourself with jewelry	These are things done by a woman to make her appear more beautiful to a man.
EZK	23	40	k1au	figs-you		0	you bathed	Here the word “you” switches to singular and refers to only one sister, but the situation is probably the same for both sisters. If one sister must be specified in your language, refer to Oholibah here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	23	41	j4l7	figs-you		0	you sat	Here the word “you” switches to singular and refers to only one sister, but the situation is probably the same for both sisters. If one sister must be specified in your language, refer to Oholibah here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	23	41	mnk9			0	my incense and my oil	These are items used in worship to Yahweh.
EZK	23	42	n4zw	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to refer to the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	42	jt3b	figs-metonymy		0	So the sound of a noisy crowd was around her	The sound of the crowd is used to refer to the crowd of people. Alternate translation: “So there was a noisy crowd around her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	23	42	t1ly			0	was around her…on their hands	“was around her…on her and her sister’s hands.” This verse begins by referring to one of the sisters but the situation is probably the same for both sisters. If one sister must be specified in your language, refer to Oholibah here. In the second part of the verse it switches back to referring to both sisters with the word “their.”
EZK	23	42	b87k	figs-activepassive		0	Sabeans were brought	This can be stated in active form. The word “Sabeans” refers to people from Sheba. Alternate translation: “Sabeans had come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	23	42	d9u6			0	they put bracelets	The word “they” refers to the men.
EZK	23	43	upm3	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to refer to the cities of Jerusalem and Samaria as if they were two prostitutes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	23	43	wi7x			0	her who was worn out…with her, and she with them	This refers to one of the sisters but the situation is probably the same for both sisters. If one sister must be specified in your language, refer to Oholibah here.
EZK	23	44	ea8z			0	They went in to her, as men go in to a prostitute	They had sexual relations with her in the same way that men have sexual relations with a prostitute.
EZK	23	44	ult7			0	They went in to her	“They went in to where she was” or “They went to her”
EZK	23	44	fs3v			0	In this way they went in to Oholah and Oholibah	“This is how they had sexual relations with Oholah and Oholibah”
EZK	23	45	as8j	figs-idiom		0	pass judgment	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “condemn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	45	zg5h	figs-idiom		0	who shed blood…blood is on their hands	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “who murder people…murderers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	46	mry5	figs-idiom		0	raise up a company	The phrase “raise up” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “gather a large group of people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	46	wi9z			0	against them and give them	“against Jerusalem and Samaria and give them”
EZK	23	46	yif5			0	give them up	Yahweh gives up the responsibility to take care of them and allows them to suffer.
EZK	23	46	na2t	figs-activepassive		0	to be terrorized and plundered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for the company to terrorize and plunder them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	23	47	qul5	figs-idiom		0	cut them down	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	49	lkh2			0	So they will set your	“So the company will set your.” The word “they” refers to the “company” of people from [Ezekiel 23:47](../23/47.md).
EZK	23	49	fgf1	figs-idiom		0	set your shameful behavior against you	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “cause you to accept responsibility for your shameful behavior” or “punish you for your shameful behavior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	23	49	uj93	figs-explicit		0	bear the guilt of your sins with your idols	“accept responsibility for the guilt of your sins with your idols.” This implies that they will be punished for their sins. Alternate translation: “receive the punishment for sinning by worshiping your idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	intro	ej5j			0		# Ezekiel 24 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Too many sins to be forgiven<br><br>The people of Jerusalem cannot be cleaned from their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Jerusalem is compared to a pot, so rusted that it cannot be cleaned from its rust. They have been completely rotted by their sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	1	s2z2			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Ezekiel.
EZK	24	1	e7xf	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	24	1	zmw7	translate-ordinal		0	in the ninth year	“in year 9.” This refers to how long they had been in exile under King Jehoiachin. Alternate translation: “in the ninth year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	1	n6gx	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the tenth month, and on the tenth day of the month	“the tenth day of the tenth month” or “the 10th day of the 10th month.” This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the beginning of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	24	2	i79z			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	24	2	ve79	figs-metonymy		0	the king of Babylon has besieged	The army of Babylon is referred to by its leader. Alternate translation: “the army of the king of Babylon has besieged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	3	i8ft	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	3	xw29	figs-metonymy		0	this rebellious house	This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate translation: “this rebellious people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	4	cet6	figs-synecdoche		0	Gather pieces of food	Here “food” refers specifically to meat. Alternate translation: “Place pieces of meat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	24	5	g2dh			0	the best of the flock	Here the “flock” refers to sheep, not birds.
EZK	24	5	h692	figs-explicit		0	pile up the bones under it	Some cultures add bones to a fire because they burn longer than wood. This refers to the bones that remained after the best bones were placed in the pot. Alternate translation: “place the rest of the bones under the pot to fuel the fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	6	bvi4	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	6	j2jd	figs-metonymy		0	the city of blood	Here “blood” is a reference to “murder.” Alternate translation: “the city of murderers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	6	l7p7	figs-metaphor		0	a cooking pot	Yahweh continues to compare Jerusalem to a cooking pot. Alternate translation: “it is like a cooking pot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	6	u69f			0	rust	the red material that forms on metal. Rust eats away at metal and eventually destroys it
EZK	24	6	t39c			0	Take piece after piece	Yahweh does not give this command to a specific person. This is a general command given to an unspecified person within this metaphor.
EZK	24	6	wge9			0	but do not cast lots for it	Casting lots was a way of choosing which pieces of meat to take out, but because Yahweh wants to take out all of the pieces of meat, there is no need to cast lots.
EZK	24	7	dq7g	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	7	b2an	figs-explicit		0	For her blood is in the midst of her	This means that the blood from those who were murdered in Jerusalem is still there. Alternate translation: “For the blood of those who were murdered among her is still there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	7	e9bt			0	her	The word “her” refers to Jerusalem, which is represented by the cooking pot.
EZK	24	7	tij3	figs-personification		0	She has set it on the smooth rock; she has not poured it out on the ground to cover it with dust	This personifies Jerusalem as a person who murdered the people and chose where to put their blood. Alternate translation: “They were murdered on the smooth rocks; not on the dirt where the dust would hide their blood” or “Their blood fell on the smooth rocks; it did not fall on the ground where the dust would cover it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	24	7	a5bz			0	has set it on the smooth rock	“has put the blood on bare rocks”
EZK	24	8	k2au	figs-explicit		0	so it brings fury up to exact vengeance	Here Yahweh is speaking about himself taking revenge on those who murdered the people in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “in order that I could see it and then be angry and get revenge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	8	h9cs	figs-activepassive		0	so it could not be covered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that no one could cover it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	24	9	cny3	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	9	k8zi	figs-metonymy		0	the city of blood	Here “blood” is a reference to “murder.” Alternate translation: “the city of murderers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	9	b6ad	figs-explicit		0	I will also enlarge the pile of wood	It is implied that the pile of wood is under the cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. “I will make the pile of wood on the fire under you even bigger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	10	m3iu			0	kindle the fire	“light the fire”
EZK	24	10	vsz6	figs-activepassive		0	let the bones be charred	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “burn the bones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	24	11	v897	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	11	tn3f			0	scorch	to burn the surface of something
EZK	24	11	f8sl	figs-activepassive		0	so its uncleanness within it will be melted, its corrosion consumed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to melt the uncleanness within it and to consume its corrosion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	24	11	pz35	figs-metaphor		0	uncleanness	A person whom God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	11	nsy1			0	corrosion	rust
EZK	24	11	g7q4			0	consumed	burned away
EZK	24	12	pvf5	figs-metaphor		0	She has become weary	Here the word “she” refers to the cooking pot. This is the cooking pot that is metaphorical for Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has become tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	12	dph2			0	toil	difficult labor
EZK	24	12	bj7t	figs-idiom		0	but her corrosion has not gone out of her by the fire	The phrase “has not gone out of her” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “but the fire did not burn away her corrosion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	24	13	i282	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through [Ezekiel 24:14](../24/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	13	f1bi	figs-metonymy		0	until I have satisfied my fury upon you.	This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people in his anger as if it were his “fury” that were punishing them. Alternate translation: “until I am finished punishing you and am no longer furious with you” or “until I have punished you and I am longer angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	14	ncp2	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling a parable to Ezekiel about a cooking pot that represents Jerusalem. This parable continues through the end of this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	24	14	il2j			0	nor will I rest from it	“nor will I rest from punishing you.” The word “it” refers to Yahweh punishing the people.
EZK	24	14	rdm6	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	24	15	cmi1	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	24	16	py3j	figs-synecdoche		0	the desire of your eyes from	This refers to Ezekiel’s wife. Yahweh refers to Ezekiel by the part of his body he uses to see his wife. Alternate translation: “your wife, whom you love very much, from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	24	16	wi26			0	with a plague	“by a disease”
EZK	24	16	sgn7	figs-parallelism		0	you must not mourn nor weep, and your tears must not flow	These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Ezekiel is not to cry about his wife dying. Alternate translation: “you must not mourn nor weep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	24	17	yh8j	figs-nominaladj		0	the dead	This refers to his dead wife. Alternate translation: “your dead wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	24	17	b8pp			0	turban	a head covering made of a long cloth wrapped around the head
EZK	24	17	wg7t			0	sandals	a simple shoe held onto the foot with straps around the ankles
EZK	24	17	k28d	translate-symaction		0	do not veil your facial hair	In Israel, men would shave their beards to express sorrow, then cover their faces until their facial hair grew back. Yahweh told Ezekiel not to cover his facial hair in order to show that he had not shaved his face to express his sorrow. Alternate translation: “do not mourn by veiling your facial hair” or “do not mourn by shaving and covering your beard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	24	18	e5nr			0	In the morning	“The next morning”
EZK	24	19	j5bh			0	General Information:	The people of Israel question Ezekiel, and Ezekiel tells them what Yahweh has said to them.
EZK	24	20	a86e	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	24	21	a8px	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	21	vx6c			0	Behold	The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	24	21	tq97			0	I will desecrate my sanctuary—the pride of…of your soul, and your sons	“I will desecrate my sanctuary which is the pride…of your soul. Your sons”
EZK	24	21	qcv7	figs-metonymy		0	the pride of your power	This describes the temple as the building that the people are proud of. This speaks of it as being their “pride” instead of the source of their pride. Alternate translation: “the building that you are proud of” or “the source of your strong pride” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	21	lh1d	figs-synecdoche		0	the delight of your eyes	Here Yahweh refers to the people by their “eyes.” Alternate translation: “the building that you delight to look at” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	24	21	fa6c	figs-synecdoche		0	the yearning of your soul	Here Yahweh refers to the people by their “soul” to emphasize their inner feelings. Alternate translation: “the building that you truly love” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	24	21	rw4n	figs-metonymy		0	your sons and your daughters…will fall by the sword	This refers to their enemies by their swords. Alternate translation: “your sons and daughters…will be killed in war” or “your enemies will kill your sons and your daughters…with their swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	24	23	vr9u	figs-metaphor		0	you will melt away	Here “melt away” is a metaphor for wasting away and dying. Alternate translation: “you will become very thin and slowly die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	23	mm9s	figs-explicit		0	in your iniquities	This implies that God will not forgive the sins of these people. Alternate translation: “and I will not forgive your sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	24	23	me25			0	groan	This is the sound a person makes who wants help, but who has too much pain or sorrow to speak.
EZK	24	24	aqs3	figs-metaphor		0	So Ezekiel will be a sign for you	Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. Yahweh speaks of Ezekiel and his actions as being this warning. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 12:6](../12/06.md). Alternate translation: “So Ezekiel will be a warning for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	25	ffu4			0	that I capture their temple	Here Yahweh speaks of destroying the temple as if it were someone that he was capturing. Alternate translation: “that I destroy their temple”
EZK	24	25	bc3v	figs-metaphor		0	which is their joy, their pride	The abstract nouns “joy” and “pride” can be translated as noun phrases. Alternate translation: “which is what they are joyful about and what they are proud of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	26	v6zt			0	refugee	someone who has been forced to leave his country because of war or another disaster
EZK	24	27	xr34	figs-activepassive		0	your mouth will be opened up	This can be stated in active form. Ezekiel being given understanding and the ability to speak is represented by his mouth being opened. Alternate translation: “I will open your mouth” or “you will know what to say” or “I will cause you to know what to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	24	27	t54k	figs-litotes		0	you will speak—you will no longer be silent	Both of these phrases mean that Ezekiel will speak. In the second phrase it is stated in negative form to emphasize that he will speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
EZK	24	27	x42v	figs-metaphor		0	You will be a sign for them	Here the word “sign” refers to something that communicates a special warning to those who see it. Yahweh speaks of Ezekiel and his actions as being this warning. See how you translated this metaphor in [Ezekiel 12:6](../12/06.md). Alternate translation: “You will be a warning for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	24	27	v14c	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	25	intro	w37s			0		# Ezekiel 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Prophecy against other nations<br>This chapter includes prophecies against some Gentile nations. Ammon, Moab, Edom and Philistia will all be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	25	1	fc5p	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	25	2	hr8s			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	25	2	t1h5	translate-symaction		0	set your face against the people of Ammon	This is a command to stare at the people of Ammon as a symbol of punishing them. Alternate translation: “stare at the people of Ammon” or “stare at the people of Ammon so that they will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	25	2	z8cr	translate-symaction		0	set your face against the people of Ammon	Ammon was far away, so Ezekiel could not see the people there, but staring in that direction would be a symbol of harming the people. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md). Alternate translation: “Turn toward the people of Ammon and stare” or “stare toward Ammon so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	25	2	ji1x			0	the people of Ammon	“the descendants of Ammon” or “those who live in the land of Ammon”
EZK	25	2	y2y9			0	prophesy against them	“prophesy about the bad things that will happen to them.” This means to prophesy about the horrible things that will happen to the people of Ammon. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md).
EZK	25	3	h56r			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel what to say to the people of Ammon.
EZK	25	3	s9pp			0	Hear the word of the Lord Yahweh	“Listen to this message from the Lord Yahweh”
EZK	25	3	e8ne			0	you said, “Aha!”	“you cheered.” The word “Aha” is a sound people make when they are happy about something. In this case the people were happy because bad things happened to Israel and Judah.
EZK	25	3	xrf5	figs-activepassive		0	over my sanctuary when it was profaned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “against my sanctuary when the enemy army profaned it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	25	3	t975			0	against the land…against the house	“over the land…over the house”
EZK	25	3	z3wr	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Judah	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Judah people group” or “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	4	q4k4			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	25	4	cex8	figs-metaphor		0	I am giving you to a people in the east as their possession	This speaks of the enemy army conquering the land of Ammon and taking possession of the land and everything in it as if the enemy were taking the people of Ammon as their possession. It is not implied here that the enemy took the people of Ammon as slaves. Alternate translation: “I will cause an army from a land that is east of you to come and conquer you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	25	4	erp6			0	They will set up camp against you and set up their tents among you	“They will set up tents and live in your country”
EZK	25	4	c4qf	figs-explicit		0	They will eat your fruit and they will drink your milk	It may be helpful to specify the source of the fruit and milk. Alternate translation: “They will eat the fruit from your trees and drink the milk from your cattle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	25	5	p11j	figs-metonymy		0	the people of Ammon a field for flocks	Here the phrase “the people of Ammon” refers to the land that belonged to the people of Ammon. Also, the understood information at the beginning of this phrase may be supplied. Alternate translation: “I will make the rest of the land of Ammon a field for flocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	25	5	jjh8	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	25	6	yv28	translate-symaction		0	You have clapped your hands and stamped your feet	These actions are ways to show strong emotions. In this case the people are cheering and showing their contempt against Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	25	6	yi9z	figs-metonymy		0	all the contempt within you against the land of Israel	Here the phrase “the land of Israel” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “all of the hatred you feel towards the people who live in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	7	bbl3			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what i am about to tell you”
EZK	25	7	kzd2	figs-metaphor		0	I will strike you with my hand	“I will hit you with my powerful hand.” Here Yahweh speaks of punishing the people as if he were literally hitting them with his hand. Alternate translation: “I will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	25	7	u2p4	figs-metonymy		0	give you as plunder to the nations	The word “you” refers to the people of Ammon but is also a metonym for their land and their possessions. Alternate translation: “I will allow enemies to defeat you and take you, your land, and your possessions as plunder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	7	six2	figs-parallelism		0	I will cut you off from the peoples…make you perish from among the countries	These phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh will completely destroy the people of Ammon so that they are no longer a nation. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy you so that you are no longer a nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	25	8	m7lp	figs-metonymy		0	Moab and Seir	These places refer to the people who live in them. Alternate translation: “the people of Moab and Seir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	8	jaw7			0	Behold! The house of Judah is like	“Look at the house of Judah. It is like”
EZK	25	8	yax1	figs-metonymy		0	The house of Judah is	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “The Judah people group are” or “The people of Judah are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	9	fnu5			0	behold! I will open	“look! I will open” or “listen! I will open” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you! I will open”
EZK	25	9	fyg9	figs-personification		0	starting at his cities	Here the city of Moab is spoken of with the masculine pronoun “his.” Alternate translation: “starting at its cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	25	10	h7xa			0	to the people of the east who have been against the people of Ammon	“I will send the same army from the people in the east who attacked Ammon”
EZK	25	10	nvt6	figs-metaphor		0	I will give them up as a possession	Here Yahweh speaks of allowing the armies from the east to conquer Ammon as if Ammon were a possession that he was giving them. Alternate translation: “I will allow the armies to conquer them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	25	10	qs9u	figs-activepassive		0	so that the people of Ammon will not be remembered among the nations	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the nations will not remember the people of Ammon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	25	12	ph9y	figs-metonymy		0	Edom has taken	Here “Edom” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “The people of Edom have taken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	12	hs3x	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Judah	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Judah people group” or “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	13	shy7	figs-metaphor		0	I will strike Edom with my hand	Here Yahweh speaks of punishing the people as if he were literally hitting them with his hand. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 25:7](../25/07.md). Alternate translation: “I will punish Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	25	13	u34t	translate-names		0	I will make them…from Teman to Dedan	“I will make all of Edom…from Teman to Dedan.” These are two cities at opposite ends of Edom. This means that Yahweh will destroy all of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	25	13	lfw7	figs-metonymy		0	They will fall by the sword	The word “fall” represents being killed and the word “sword” refers to their enemies who will kill them in battle. Alternate translation: “Their enemies will kill them with their swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	14	fx1e	figs-metonymy		0	I will lay my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people Israel	Here the “hand” of Israel is a metonym for Israel’s army. Yahweh speaks of taking revenge on the people of Edom as if his vengeance were like a sheet that he covered them with. The abstract noun “vengeance” can be translated with the verb “to punish.” Alternate translation: “I will use my people Israel to punish the people of Edom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	25	14	h1jc			0	they will do to Edom according to my anger and my fury	“they will show Edom my anger and fury” or “they will punish Edom according to my anger and fury against the people of Edom”
EZK	25	14	jl32	figs-doublet		0	my anger and my fury	The word “fury” means basically the same thing as and intensifies the word “anger.” Alternate translation: “my furious anger” or “my extreme anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	25	14	t72s	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	25	15	ikk3	figs-idiom		0	The Philistines have taken vengeance with malice and from within themselves they tried to destroy Judah again and again	The phrase “from within themselves” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The Philistines hate Judah and have tried to take revenge against it by their own strength again and again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	25	15	k6d4	figs-metonymy		0	to destroy Judah	Here “Judah” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “to destroy the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	16	f57y			0	Behold	This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	25	16	y9w5	figs-metonymy		0	I will reach out with my hand against the Philistines	Here Yahweh’s power is represented by his “hand.” Alternate translation: “I will turn my powerful hand against the Philistines” or “I will turn my great power against the Philistines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	25	16	td5r	figs-idiom		0	I will cut off	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will destroy” or “I will get rid of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	25	16	sc1u	translate-names		0	Kerethites	people who lived in the city of Kereth in Philistia (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	26	intro	ya6v			0		# Ezekiel 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>This chapter begins a section of prophecy against Tyre. The Babylonians will destroy Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	26	1	t2ex	translate-ordinal		0	in the eleventh year	“in year 11.” This means the eleventh year after King Jehoiachin was taken into exile in Babylon. Alternate translation: “in the eleventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	26	1	z8up	translate-ordinal		0	on the first day of the month	“on day 1 of the month.” It is uncertain which month of the Hebrew calendar Ezekiel meant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	26	1	qf5l	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	26	2	niu7			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	26	2	h3yr	figs-metonymy		0	Tyre has said against Jerusalem	Here the city names “Tyre” and “Jerusalem” represent the people of those cities. Alternate translation: “the people of Tyre have said against the people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	2	e6ch	figs-exclamations		0	Aha!	The word “Aha” is a sound people make when they discover something. Alternate translation: “Yes!” or “This is great!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
EZK	26	2	ye9y	figs-metaphor		0	The gates of the people are broken	The people of Tyre use these words to refer to Jerusalem as if it were a city gate through which traders from the surrounding nations pass. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Armies have broken down the gates of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	2	a2hy	figs-explicit		0	She has turned to me	Here the word “she” refers to the word “gates” which have “turned” on their hinges to open to Tyre. This phrase means that Tyre has now replaced Jerusalem as the city through which the traders from many nations pass. Alternate translation: “The gateway has opened to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	26	2	xwf1	figs-metonymy		0	I will be filled up	Here to be “filled up” represents being prosperous. Alternate translation: “I will become prosperous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	2	dz8h			0	she is ruined	“Jerusalem is ruined”
EZK	26	3	um27			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	26	3	bgn4	figs-metonymy		0	I will raise up many nations against you like the sea raises its waves	Here the word “nations” refers to their armies. Alternate translation: “I will gather armies from many nations that will beat against you like the waves in the raging sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	26	4	z8j2	figs-simile		0	I will sweep her dust away and make her like a bare rock	Yahweh speaks of how he will cause Tyre to be completely destroyed. Alternate translation: “I will cause the armies to completely destroy the city, and they will leave nothing there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	26	5	eq7r			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	5	cu3g	figs-personification		0	She will become	The city of Tyre is spoken of here as if it were a woman. Alternate translation: “Tyre will become” or “It will become” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	26	5	m2sf	figs-metonymy		0	a place for nets to dry out in the midst of the sea	Part of Tyre was an island. This expression is a metonym for the results of Tyre’s destruction. Alternate translation: “an empty island used for drying fishing nets” or “a deserted island where people dry out their fishing nets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	5	x6ai	figs-metonymy		0	she will become plunder for the nations	“Plunder” means things that people steal or take by force. Here Tyre becoming plunder represents its wealth being carried off by other nations. Alternate translation: “the armies of the nations will take away every valuable thing from Tyre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	6	kv1j	figs-activepassive		0	Her daughters who are in the fields will be slaughtered by the swords	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The enemy armies will slaughter with swords her daughters who are in the fields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	6	mr2n	figs-metonymy		0	Her daughters who are in the fields	Possible meanings are (1) “Her daughters” were the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or (2) “Her daughters” is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. Alternate translation: “Her daughter communities who are on the mainland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	6	rmu1	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	26	7	n4gc			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	7	mq6a			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	26	7	ri6u	figs-explicit		0	Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, king of kings	The phrase “king of kings” was a title, meaning that he was the greatest of kings, the king that other kings obeyed. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the greatest king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	26	7	es3k			0	a great many people	This emphasizes the great size of Nebuchadnezzar’s army.
EZK	26	8	pm5g	figs-metonymy		0	He will kill	Here the word “He” refers to Nebuchadnezzar and is a metonym for his army. Alternate translation: “His army will kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	8	q7kf	figs-metonymy		0	your daughters in the field	Possible meanings are (1) “your daughters” refers to the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or (2) “your daughters” is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:6](../26/06.md). Alternate translation: “your daughter communities who are on the mainland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	9	dl2k	figs-metonymy		0	General Information:	The words “he” and “his” in these verses refer to Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, and represent the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar’s army doing these actions. The word “your” refers to the city of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	9	h14v			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	9	vu9t	figs-metonymy		0	He will place his battering rams to hit against your walls, and his tools will tear down your towers	Although the battering rams and tools are spoken of as acting against the walls and towers of Tyre, they would have been used by the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar’s army against the walls and towers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	9	n3a4			0	battering rams	“Battering rams” are large trees or poles that many men in an army would pick up and hit against a wall or door so they could break it down and get inside. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:2](../04/02.md).
EZK	26	9	e4l4			0	tools	Weapons or instruments made of iron used to tear down the towers
EZK	26	10	d7sh	figs-simile		0	When he enters your gates, he will enter as men come into a city whose walls have been broken down	Here Yahweh uses a simile to describe how Nebuchadnezzar’s army will enter into the city of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	26	10	az2d	figs-activepassive		0	whose walls have been broken down	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after breaking down its walls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	12	j1ma			0	General Information:	The word “They” in these verses refers to the soldiers in the armies of Nebuchadnezzar. The words “your” and “you” refer to the city of Tyre.
EZK	26	12	ydv6			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	12	k2sc	figs-parallelism		0	They will plunder your riches and loot your merchandise	The phrases “plunder your riches” and “loot your merchandise” mean about the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	26	12	ep9y			0	luxurious	expensive and comfortable
EZK	26	12	ky6z			0	Your stones, your timber, and the rubble	These refer to what is left after the walls and homes are torn down.
EZK	26	12	x5ey			0	into the waters	“into the sea”
EZK	26	13	y7hj	figs-activepassive		0	The sound of your harps will be heard no more	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one will hear the sound of your harps anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	14	r43e	figs-metaphor		0	I will make you a bare rock	This metaphor describes the results after Yahweh completely destroys Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:4](../26/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	26	14	y7m1	figs-metaphor		0	you will become a place where nets are spread out to dry	This metaphor also describes the results after Yahweh destroys Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:5](../26/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	26	14	f7ce	figs-activepassive		0	you will become a place where nets	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will make you a place where nets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	15	v6ti			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	15	mn77	figs-rquestion		0	Will not the islands quake…in your midst?	This question expects a positive answer and emphasizes the results of Tyre’s destruction. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The islands will quake…in your midst.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	26	15	l6ij	figs-metonymy		0	Will not the islands quake	Here “the islands” represents the people living on the islands. Alternate translation: “Will not the people of the islands quake with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	16	gy2a			0	princes of the sea	“princes of the coastlands”
EZK	26	16	fg7y	figs-metaphor		0	They will clothe themselves with trembling	This metaphor represents the princes trembling enough to seem like it was their clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	26	16	fk99			0	be appalled because of you	“be unable to speak because what has happened to you is so bad”
EZK	26	17	cf7x			0	General Information:	In these verses, “They” refers to the “princes of the sea” in the previous verse, and “you” refers to Tyre.
EZK	26	17	az5c			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	17	p6k6			0	lift up	“sing”
EZK	26	17	u3mk	figs-activepassive		0	How you, who were inhabited by sailors, have been destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “How your enemies have destroyed you—you who were inhabited by sailors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	26	17	ey9i	figs-abstractnouns		0	spread a terror about themselves upon everyone who lived near them	The abstract noun “terror” can be translated using the adjective “terrified.” Alternate translation: “caused all the people around them to be terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	26	18	qw2y	figs-parallelism		0	Now the coasts tremble on the day of your downfall. The islands in the sea are terrified, because you are no longer in your place	These two lines are similar in meaning and emphasize the response of the surrounding people to the destruction of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	26	18	l8fi	figs-metonymy		0	Now the coasts tremble	Here “the coasts” represents the people living there. Alternate translation: “Now the people of the coastlands tremble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	18	ny49	figs-metonymy		0	The islands in the sea are terrified	Here “the islands in the sea” represents the people living there. Alternate translation: “The people of the islands are terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	18	yy4m	figs-personification		0	you are no longer in your place	The destruction of Tyre is spoken of as if it was a person who had died. Alternate translation: “you have departed” or “you exist no more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	26	19	lav7			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	26	19	wk94			0	When I make you	The word “you” here refers to the city of Tyre. In the original language “you” here is feminine singular.
EZK	26	19	sn11	figs-simile		0	When I make you a desolate city, like the other cities that are not inhabited	Here Tyre is compared to other cities that no longer had people living in them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	26	19	h8v9	figs-nominaladj		0	the deeps	Here “the deeps” means the deep waters of the sea. Alternate translation: “the deep waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	26	20	npm2	figs-personification		0	then I will bring you down to the people of ancient times, like the others who have gone down into the pit; for I will make you live in the lowest realms of the earth as in ruins of ancient times	What Yahweh would do to Tyre is compared to people going to the grave and cities falling into ruin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	26	20	k4z8	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	This refers to the grave. Because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	26	20	c3ul	figs-metaphor		0	stand in the land of the living	This represents being restored to the city’s former existence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	26	21	lui3	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will place disaster on you	The abstract noun “disaster” can be translated using the adjective “terrible” or the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “I will bring you to a terrible end” or “I will destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	intro	m11q			0		# Ezekiel 27 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>The prophecy against Tyre continues in this chapter. Tyre has become wealthy from trade as far as Spain, but Tyre will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Tyre is compared to a ship built with the very best materials. Despite its strength and power, Yahweh will destroy it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	1	w529	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	27	2	x6yp			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	27	2	zc5g	figs-abstractnouns		0	begin a lamentation	The abstract noun “lamentation” can be translated using the verb “lament.” Alternate translation: “begin to lament” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	3	wz6j	figs-metonymy		0	say to Tyre	Here the word “Tyre” represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate translation: “say to the people of Tyre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	3	h74v			0	who lives within the gates of the sea	“who lives at the gates of the sea” or “who lives at the entry to the sea”
EZK	27	3	uay7	figs-metonymy		0	Tyre, you have said	Here the word “Tyre” represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate translation: “People of Tyre, you have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	3	lrt3	figs-abstractnouns		0	I am perfect in beauty	The abstract noun “beauty” can be translated using the adjective “beautiful.” Alternate translation: “I am perfectly beautiful” or “I am entirely beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	4	r25t	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	“Your” and “you” in these verses refer to Tyre. The city of Tyre is described here and in the following verses as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	4	nk2f			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	4	r7fr			0	Your borders	“Your boundaries”
EZK	27	4	w59z			0	heart of the seas	“middle of the seas”
EZK	27	5	j44a			0	planks	long, flat pieces of wood; thick boards
EZK	27	5	kk7d			0	a mast	a large pole on a ship that holds up the sails of the ship
EZK	27	6	pc2s			0	General Information:	“They” in these verses refers to the builders of Tyre. “Your” refers to Tyre.
EZK	27	6	tne4	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	6	gc41			0	oars	long pieces of wood with flat blades at one end that people use to make a boat move
EZK	27	6	mb7n			0	decks	the parts of the boat that people can walk on
EZK	27	6	jm6a			0	overlaid them	“covered them”
EZK	27	6	gx72			0	ivory	a white, beautiful, and hard material that is made from the long teeth of some animals
EZK	27	7	kz9m			0	sails	large pieces of cloth that move a ship when the wind blows on them
EZK	27	7	qe9t	figs-simile		0	Your sails were made from colorful linen from Egypt that served as your banner	The sails of the ship are compared to the banners or flags of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	27	8	u5r7			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	8	f813	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a beautiful ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	8	hd5c	translate-names		0	Arvad	This is the name of a small island off the coast of Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	8	d8z5			0	sages of Tyre	“wise men of Tyre”
EZK	27	8	f7tx			0	pilots	A pilot is a person who controls where a ship goes by steering the ship.
EZK	27	9	r7t4	translate-names		0	Byblos	This is the name of a city on the Syrian coast. Other versions call it by the name “Gebal.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
EZK	27	9	z45r			0	filled your seams	“repaired your cracks” or “repaired your leaks”
EZK	27	9	v3ke			0	sailors	A sailor is one of the team of workers on a ship.
EZK	27	10	t1q7			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	10	aw8i			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	10	fj9d	translate-names		0	Persia, Lydia…Libya	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	10	z7jj			0	your men of war	“men who fought in your wars” or “serving as your warriors”
EZK	27	10	hpk8	figs-abstractnouns		0	your splendor	The abstract noun “splendor” can be translated using the adjective “splendid.” Alternate translation: “how splendid you were” or “how majestic you were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	11	hyb6	translate-names		0	Arvad…Helek…Gammad	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	11	m439	figs-abstractnouns		0	They completed your beauty	The abstract noun “beauty” can be translated using the adjective “beautiful.” Alternate translation: “They finished making you beautiful” or “They made you perfectly beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	12	y349			0	General Information:	The word “your” in these verses refers to Tyre.
EZK	27	12	e1zd			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	12	eq3f			0	Silver, iron, tin, and lead	metals that were used during that time period
EZK	27	12	k94d			0	your wares	“the things you offered for sale”
EZK	27	13	w98r	translate-names		0	Javan	This is the name of a coastal region also known as Ionia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	13	l4c6			0	They handled your merchandise	“They traded for your merchandise”
EZK	27	14	we25			0	General Information:	The word “your” in these verses refers to Tyre.
EZK	27	14	fip1			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	14	nr6y	translate-names		0	Beth Togarmah	the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	14	bfe8			0	stallions	adult male horses
EZK	27	15	byb9	translate-names		0	Rhodes	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	15	kwz4	figs-metonymy		0	Merchandise was in your hand	Having things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate translation: “You owned things that you sold to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	15	i849			0	horn	This refers to the tusks or elongated teeth of certain animals.
EZK	27	15	bcv9			0	ebony	a dark brown to black hardwood that is very dense or heavy
EZK	27	16	wy28			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	16	bl1q			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	16	m6pt	figs-metonymy		0	Aram was a dealer	Here “Aram” refers to the people of Aram. Alternate translation: “The people of Aram were dealers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	16	b9u3			0	dealer	“trader”
EZK	27	16	p36i			0	emeralds	An emerald is a type of green precious stone.
EZK	27	16	bmk5	figs-nominaladj		0	purple	Here purple cloth or yarn is referred to by just its color. Alternate translation: “purple cloth” or “purple yarn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	27	16	ka72			0	pearls	beautiful beads of hard white material that come from creatures in the sea
EZK	27	16	u2vd			0	rubies	A ruby is a type of red precious stone.
EZK	27	17	gp5u	figs-metonymy		0	Judah and the land of Israel were trading with you	Here “Judah and the land of Israel” refers to the people of those places. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah and Israel were trading with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	17	f7fy	translate-names		0	Minnith	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	17	mek4			0	cakes	The meaning of the Hebrew word translated here as “cakes” is uncertain. Other versions may translate it as another type of food.
EZK	27	17	fv9m			0	balsam	a sweet-smelling gum or resin that comes from a tree
EZK	27	18	c3qx	translate-names		0	Helbon…Zahar	names of places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	18	sji6			0	enormous wealth	“abundant wealth” or “great wealth”
EZK	27	19	meg9			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	19	by7i			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	19	z471	translate-names		0	Dan…Javan…Izal	These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	19	c7yt	figs-metonymy		0	Dan and Javan	This is a metonym for the people of Dan and Javan. Alternate translation: “The people of Dan and Javan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	19	v3kv			0	wrought iron	a form of iron that can be shaped with a hammer
EZK	27	19	sf4p	translate-unknown		0	cinnamon	This is a type of spice that comes from the bark of a tree. “Cassia” is another name for this spice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	27	19	m7yg	translate-unknown		0	calamus	a type of grass that people used as perfume and for medicine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	27	20	jt9g	figs-metonymy		0	Dedan was	This is a metonym for the people of Dedan. Alternate translation: “The people of Dedan were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	20	t1xy			0	saddle blankets	A saddle blanket is a piece of cloth that people place on a horse beneath a saddle or seat.
EZK	27	21	cen5	translate-names		0	Arabia…Kedar	These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	21	pe5d	figs-metonymy		0	Arabia	This is a metonym for the people of Arabia. Alternate translation: “The people of Arabia” or “The Arabians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	22	tk79			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	22	i5a5			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	22	u136	translate-names		0	Sheba…Raamah	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	22	pmg1			0	precious gems	“valuable stones”
EZK	27	23	p6qs	figs-metonymy		0	Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad	This refers to the people from these places. Alternate translation: “The people of Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with the people of Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	23	ad7i	translate-names		0	Haran…Kanneh…Eden…Sheba…Ashur…Kilmad	These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	27	24	r4c9			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	24	u2us			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	24	neq7			0	These were your dealers	“They traded with you”
EZK	27	24	e7b1			0	ornate robes of violet cloths with woven colors	“purple robes with many different colors”
EZK	27	24	kbt9			0	blankets of multicolored, embroidered, and well-woven cloth	“blankets with many colors that had designs and were of high quality”
EZK	27	25	g238	figs-activepassive		0	The ships of Tarshish were the transporters of your merchandise	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The ships of Tarshish carried your merchandise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	27	25	i67z	figs-metaphor		0	you were filled up, heavily laden with cargo	Tyre’s abundance is spoken of as if it was a ship that was full of cargo. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	25	lk4d			0	heart of the seas	“middle of the seas.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md).
EZK	27	26	t2gs	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre. The city of Tyre is described here and in the following verses as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	26	uq7n			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre.
EZK	27	26	l9bc			0	Your rowers	“The people that row you”
EZK	27	26	r4ff			0	vast seas	“great waters”
EZK	27	26	kh95			0	the eastern wind	“the strong wind from the east”
EZK	27	26	il9m			0	middle of them	“heart of the seas” or “middle of the seas.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md).
EZK	27	27	hyf8			0	sailors	men who sail boats
EZK	27	27	v82e			0	depths of the sea	“heart of the seas” or “middle of the seas.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md).
EZK	27	27	v5jc	figs-abstractnouns		0	on the day of your destruction	The abstract noun “destruction” can be translated using the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “at the time you are destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	28	vu1s			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	28	vb1f	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	28	zz11	figs-metonymy		0	Cities at the sea will tremble	Here “Cities at the sea” represents the people in those cities. Alternate translation: “The people of the cities by the sea will tremble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	29	ar4c			0	All those who handle oars	“All the rowers”
EZK	27	30	w6f7			0	wail bitterly	“cry out sadly”
EZK	27	30	ja2t	translate-symaction		0	they will cast dust up on their heads. They will roll about in ashes	These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	27	31	y422			0	General Information:	The word “they” in these verses refer to the people mentioned in verses 28 and 29. The words “you” and “your” refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	31	v5hn	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	31	l2lh	translate-symaction		0	They will shave their heads bald for you and bind themselves with sackcloth	These are expressions of grieving and mourning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	27	31	ftb1			0	bald	having no hair on the head
EZK	27	32	f54l	figs-abstractnouns		0	They will lift up their wails of lamentation	The abstract noun “lamentation” can be translated using the verb “lament.” Alternate translation: “They will cry out and lament” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	32	lh75			0	sing dirges	“sing funeral songs”
EZK	27	32	d8za	figs-rquestion		0	Who is like Tyre, who has now been brought to silence in the middle of the sea?	This question expects a negative answer and emphasizes Tyre being different from all other cities. It can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “No other city is like Tyre, who has now been brought to silence in the middle of the sea.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	27	32	f4lr	figs-activepassive		0	who has now been brought to silence	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “who its enemies have now silenced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	27	33	i7dx	figs-activepassive		0	When your merchandise went ashore	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “When people brought your merchandise ashore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	27	33	jza3			0	ashore	“onto the land”
EZK	27	33	cs6p			0	you enriched the kings of the earth	“you made the kings of the earth rich”
EZK	27	34	x1uz			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Tyre.
EZK	27	34	fi4d	figs-metaphor		0		Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. The city of Tyre continues to be described as if it were a wrecked ship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	27	34	r7k6	figs-activepassive		0	when you were shattered by the seas, by deep waters	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “when the seas, the deep waters, shattered you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	27	34	wr3x			0	shattered	To “shatter” is to break up into pieces.
EZK	27	34	d3qi			0	crew	team of workers
EZK	27	35	x4z1			0	were appalled at you	“were shocked and terrified by what happened to you”
EZK	27	35	c2nm	figs-abstractnouns		0	their kings shuddered in horror	The abstract noun “horror” can be translated using the adverb “fearfully.” Alternate translation: “their kings shuddered fearfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	27	35	yhh2			0	shuddered	“shook, trembled with fear”
EZK	27	35	l348	figs-metonymy		0	Their faces trembled	Here “faces” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “They appear to be trembling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	27	36	vh13	translate-symaction		0	hiss at you	Hissing was making a whistling sound through the teeth. It may have been out of dismay, grief, or surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	27	36	wj8x	figs-abstractnouns		0	you have become a horror	The abstract noun “horror” can be translated using the adjective “dreadful.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have become dreadful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	intro	b1j6			0		# Ezekiel 28 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The prophecy against Tyre concludes in this chapter. Tyre will be destroyed because of its pride and unfair business practices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	28	1	g4fl	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	28	2	c7sq			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	28	2	gi4w	figs-metonymy		0	Your heart is arrogant	Here “heart” represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate translation: “You are arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	2	b46m			0	arrogant	falsely believing oneself to be importantbelieving oneself to be important
EZK	28	2	zqk6	figs-metaphor		0	I will sit in the seat of the gods	“I will sit on the throne of the gods.” Here sitting in the seat of the gods represents claiming to be in the same exalted position as if he were one of the gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	2	nrp2			0	heart of the seas	“middle of the seas.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:4](../27/04.md).
EZK	28	2	b648	figs-metonymy		0	you make your heart like the heart of a god	Here “heart” represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. Alternate translation: “you think that you have the mind of a god” or “you have allowed yourself to think that you are better than other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	28	3	xy88	figs-simile		0	you think that you are wiser than Daniel	Here the ruler of Tyre compares himself to Daniel the prophet in how wise he thought he was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	28	4	ds1i			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the ruler of Tyre.
EZK	28	4	b1dk			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the ruler of Tyre.
EZK	28	4	fgz2	figs-rpronouns		0	You have made yourself wealthy with wisdom and skill	The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “skill” can be translated using the adjectives “wise” and “skillful.” Alternate translation: “You have become wealthy by your own wisdom and skill” or “You have become wealthy by being wise and skillful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	4	jir2			0	obtained gold and silver	“stored up gold and silver”
EZK	28	4	xpa9			0	treasuries	places to store valuable objects and keep them safe
EZK	28	5	s7hz	figs-abstractnouns		0	By great wisdom and by your trading, you have multiplied your wealth, so your heart is arrogant because of your wealth	The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “wealth” can be translated using the adjectives “wise” and “wealthy.” Alternate translation: “By being very wise and by your trading, you have become more and more wealthy, so your heart is arrogant because of how wealthy you are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	5	z3cd	figs-metonymy		0	your heart is arrogant	Here “heart” represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate translation: “you are arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	6	vgc2			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the ruler of Tyre.
EZK	28	6	p5is			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the ruler of Tyre.
EZK	28	6	kas1	figs-metonymy		0	you have made your heart like the heart of a god	Here “heart” represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. See how you translated the similar phrase in [Ezekiel 28:2](../28/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	28	7	nrp5	figs-abstractnouns		0	the beauty of your wisdom	The abstract nouns “beauty” and “wisdom” can be translated using the adjective “beautiful” and the adverb “wisely.” Alternate translation: “the beautiful things that you have so wisely made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	7	b7md	figs-abstractnouns		0	profane your splendor	The abstract noun “splendor” can be translated using the adjective “splendid.” Alternate translation: “profane how splendid you are” or “defile how majestic you are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	8	llb4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the ruler of Tyre. The word “They” refers to foreign armies. The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	8	w6fj	figs-metonymy		0	down to the pit	Here “the pit” refers to the grave or to hell. Alternate translation: “down to the grave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	8	t782			0	in the heart of the seas	“in the middle of the seas”
EZK	28	9	d3z2	figs-rquestion		0	Will you truly say, “I am a god” to the face of one who kills you?	This question expects a negative answer to emphasize the irony when one who claims to be a god is destroyed by men. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not say ‘I am a god’ to the face of one who kills you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
EZK	28	9	a38a	figs-synecdoche		0	to the face of	Here the face represents being in the presence of another person. Alternate translation: “in the presence of” or “before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	28	9	a1vr	figs-metaphor		0	in the hand of	Here being in the hand of someone represents being under their control. Alternate translation: “under the control of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	10	z2rh	figs-metonymy		0	by the hand of foreigners	Here “hand” is a metonym for the actions of the foreigners’ army. Alternate translation: “by an army of foreigners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	10	aag6	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	28	11	t3he	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came again to me, saying,	The idiom “The word of Yahweh came again to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated similar words in [Ezekiel 18:1](../18/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to me a second time. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this second message to me:” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	28	12	ak3z			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	28	12	i9b8			0	lift up	“sing”
EZK	28	12	mf2x	figs-abstractnouns		0	You were the model of perfection	The abstract nouns “model” an d “perfection” can be translated using the words “completely” and “perfect.” Alternate translation: “You were completely perfect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	12	c7vx	figs-abstractnouns		0	full of wisdom and perfect in beauty	The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “beauty” can be translated using the adjectives “wise” and “beautiful.” Alternate translation: “fully wise and perfectly beautiful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	13	hbr5			0	Every precious stone covered you	“You wore every kind of precious stone”
EZK	28	13	u7pz	translate-unknown		0	ruby, topaz, emerald, chrysolite, onyx, jasper, sapphire, turquoise, and beryl	These are all precious stones of different colors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	28	13	a65a			0	settings and mountings	pieces of metal that hold the precious stones
EZK	28	13	mah3	figs-activepassive		0	It was on the day you were created that they were prepared	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I prepared them on the day that I created you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	28	13	kac1			0	prepared	“made ready”
EZK	28	14	a5aq			0	General Information:	The word “you” in these verses refers to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	14	r1ky			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	14	ybm7			0	cherub	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:9](../10/09.md).
EZK	28	14	hjx3	figs-metaphor		0	the fiery stones	“the stones of fire.” Possible meanings are (1) a metaphor for the colorful and bright stones mentioned in [Ezekiel 28:13](../28/13.md) or (2) other fiery stones on the “holy mountain of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	15	fa3g	figs-activepassive		0	from the day you were created until injustice was found within you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “since the day that I created you until I found injustice within you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	28	16	j1e3			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	16	gg36			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	16	man6			0	great trade	“large volume of trade”
EZK	28	16	b582	figs-metaphor		0	you were filled with violence	Yahweh speaks of the king of Tyre as if he were a container that was filled up with violence. The king is a synecdoche for himself and his people The abstract noun “violence” can be translated using the adjective “violent.” Alternate translation: “you and your people became completely violent” or “you and your peoplewere completely violent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	16	m9pq			0	guardian cherub	“guarding cherub”
EZK	28	16	gp4k	figs-metaphor		0	the fiery stones	“the stones of fire.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 28:14](../28/14.md). Possible meanings are (1) a metaphor for the colorful and bright stones mentioned in [Ezekiel 28:13](./13.md) or (2) other fiery stones on the “holy mountain of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	17	s2ql	figs-synecdoche		0	Your heart was arrogant	Here the “heart” represents the whole person, emphasizing the person’s thoughts. Alternate translation: “You were arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	28	17	sy75			0	arrogant	falsely believing oneself to be importantbelieving oneself to be important
EZK	28	17	mxj7	figs-abstractnouns		0	Your heart was arrogant with your beauty; you ruined your wisdom because of your splendor	The abstract nouns “beauty,” wisdom” and “splendor” can be translated using the adjectives “beautiful,” “wise” and “splendid.” Alternate translation: “Your heart was arrogant because you were beautiful; you became unwise because you were so splendid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	17	q2gm			0	before kings	“in front of kings “
EZK	28	17	fn67			0	so they may see you	“so they may look at you”
EZK	28	18	nl8j			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	18	ylx7			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the king of Tyre.
EZK	28	18	abf7	figs-idiom		0	it will consume you	“it will devour you.” The fire is spoken of here as if it was eating him up. Alternate translation: “it will burn you up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	28	18	iv3f	figs-idiom		0	turn you into ashes	This idiom means burning up until only ashes are left. Alternate translation: “burn you up to ashes” or “burn you up completely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	28	19	ud9p			0	shudder	shake or tremble with fear
EZK	28	19	l469			0	you will be no more forever	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:36](../27/36.md).
EZK	28	20	en7r	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	28	21	ak8t			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	28	21	b4a7	translate-symaction		0	set your face against Sidon	Sidon was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but staring in that direction would be a symbol of harming the people there. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md). Alternate translation: “Turn toward Sidon and stare” or “stare toward Sidon so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	28	21	tmx3			0	prophesy against	“prophesy about the bad things that will happen to.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 4:7](../04/07.md).
EZK	28	22	ab7q			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	28	22	a4g5	figs-activepassive		0	I will be glorified in your midst	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will reveal my glory among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	28	22	tv4z	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	28	22	pmu4	figs-abstractnouns		0	when I execute justice within you	The abstract noun “justice” can be translated using the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “when I judge you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	28	22	n4vt	figs-activepassive		0	I will be shown to be holy in you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will use you to show you that I am holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	28	23	s9iw			0	General Information:	The words “you” and “your” in these verses refer to Sidon.
EZK	28	23	b3c4			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Sidon.
EZK	28	23	iqf4	figs-metaphor		0	blood in your streets	Here “blood” refers to the blood of the people of Sidon and represents those whom their enemies would kill. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	23	j727	figs-nominaladj		0	the slain will fall	Here “the slain” means the people of Sidon whom their enemies would kill. Alternate translation: “the slain people will fall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	28	23	w5pj	figs-metonymy		0	When the sword comes against you	Here “sword” is a metonym for an attacking enemy army. Alternate translation: “When enemy armies attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	24	g3zp	figs-metaphor		0	pricking briars and painful thorns for the house of Israel from all those around her who despise her people	Here the briars and thorns represent what would cause suffering and pain. Alternate translation: “people anywhere around the house of Israel who wound them like briars, hurt them like thorns, and despise them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	28	24	me5p	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel’s descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	25	m69d	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel’s descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	25	g4tq	figs-activepassive		0	among whom they were scattered	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “among whom I scattered them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	28	25	y9f5			0	so the nations may see	“in such a way as the nations will see it”
EZK	28	25	n75q	figs-metonymy		0	my servant Jacob	Here “Jacob” represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “the descendants of my servant Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	28	26	m5nf			0	within her	“in the land”
EZK	28	26	cn86	figs-abstractnouns		0	when I execute justice on all	The abstract noun “justice” can be translated using the verb “judge.” Alternate translation: “when I judge all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	29	intro	qm8t			0		# Ezekiel 29 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a prophecy against Egypt and its king, Pharaoh. Because Egypt did not fulfill its promise of protecting Judah, it will be conquered by Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
EZK	29	1	nk1i	translate-ordinal		0	In the tenth year	It can be stated clearly that this was the tenth year of Jehoiachin’s exile. Alternate translation: “In the tenth year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	1	h48u	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the tenth month on the twelfth day of the month	“on the twelfth day of the tenth month.” This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twelfth day is near the beginning of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	29	1	kjl4	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	29	2	xr1u			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	29	2	ere5	translate-symaction		0	set your face against Pharaoh	This is a command to stare at Pharaoh as a symbol of punishing him and his people. Pharaoh was far away, so Ezekiel could not see him, but staring in his direction would be a symbol of harming him and his people. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md). Alternate translation: “turn toward Pharaoh and stare” or “stare toward Pharaoh so that he and his people will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	29	2	tbn7			0	prophesy against him and against all of Egypt	“tell the terrible things that will happen to him and everyone in Egypt”
EZK	29	3	au6r	writing-symlanguage		0	the great sea monster	“the huge creature that lives in the water.” Yahweh calls Pharaoh a monster that lives in the water. The monster is probably a crocodile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
EZK	29	4	g7at	writing-symlanguage		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh, speaking of him as though he were a monster in the water and the people of Egypt were fish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
EZK	29	4	g15e			0	hooks	sharp and bent pieces of metal or wood that people use to catch fish and other animals in the water
EZK	29	4	f9rd			0	scales	hard pieces of skin that are on fish, crocodiles, and other animals
EZK	29	5	ks6e	figs-activepassive		0	you will not be gathered nor lifted up	This can be stated in active form. The implication is that they would die in the wilderness. Alternate translation: “no one will gather you or pick you up” or “no one will gather your bodies and bury you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	6	uv91			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh.
EZK	29	6	csp3	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	6	kq2j	figs-metaphor		0	they have been a reed stalk	The word “they” refers to the inhabitants of Egypt. A reed stalk is unreliable because it is easily broken. Yahweh speaks of them as a reed stalk because the people of Israel relied on the Egyptians to help them in war, but the Egyptians did not help them. Alternate translation: “they have been as unreliable as a reed stalk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	6	n6x3			0	reed	a plant that grows near water and looks like very large grass
EZK	29	6	z2bz			0	stalk	the part of a reed that is long and like a thick stick. People can use them like sticks, but the stalks of reeds are not as strong as wood and can break suddenly.
EZK	29	7	nez2	figs-metaphor		0	When they took hold of you in their hand	God speaks of Israel relying on Egypt as if they were taking hold of a reed stalk in order to use it as a crutch. Alternate translation: “When they relied on you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	7	lg5c			0	When they took hold of you	The word “they” refers to the Israelites and the word “you” refers to Pharaoh or Pharaoh and Egypt.
EZK	29	7	xp6x	figs-metaphor		0	you caused their legs to be unsteady	Because Egypt did not help the Israelites, the Israelites could not defend themselves against their enemy, the Babylonians. God speaks of the Israelites being unable to defend themselves as if their legs were unsteady. Alternate translation: “you caused them to be like people whose legs are unsteady” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	8	h87w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh.
EZK	29	8	k7e5			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” This word adds emphasis to what is said next. This is the Lord’s message to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	29	8	s3py	figs-metonymy		0	I will bring a sword against you	Here “sword” is a metonym for battle, and “bring a sword against you” is a metaphor for causing an enemy army to come fight against Egypt. Alternate translation: “I will cause your enemies to come fight against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	29	8	pv3c	figs-you		0	a sword against you	The word “you” refers to the nation of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	29	8	uq3i	figs-metaphor		0	I will cut off both man and beast from you	Here “cut off man and beast” is a metaphor for destroying the people and animals. God would do this by causing the enemy army to do it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	10	tiq2			0	I am against you and against your river	The word “you” refers to Pharaoh. God speaks to Pharaoh as if Pharaoh were a monster in the river.
EZK	29	10	nz8i	figs-personification		0	I will give the land of Egypt over to desolation and waste	“I will put Egypt into the power of desolation and waste.” Desolation and waste are spoken of as if they were people who could be given power over Egypt. Alternate translation: “I will cause Egypt to become a desolate waste” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	29	10	r6rs	figs-metonymy		0	you will become a wasteland	Here “you” refers to Pharaoh and represents Egypt, the country he rules over. Alternate translation: “your country will become a wasteland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	29	10	b3tw	figs-merism		0	from the Migdol to Syene and the borders of Cush	This refers to all of Egypt. Where these places are can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “throughout all of Egypt, from Migdol in the north to Syene in the south and the borders of Cush further south” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	10	va76	translate-names		0	Migdol	This is the name of a place in the far northern part of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	29	10	lb1i	translate-names		0	Syene	This the name of a town in southern Egypt. It is now called Aswan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	29	10	vn8c	translate-names		0	the borders of Cush	These borders of Cush were south of Syene. Some versions say Sudan or Ethiopia, the modern names of countries south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	29	11	g6ym			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh.
EZK	29	11	dk5j	figs-synecdoche		0	No man’s foot will pass through it	Here “man’s foot” represents people. Alternate translation: “No man will walk through the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	29	11	x4yx	figs-synecdoche		0	no wild animal’s foot will pass through it	Here “animal’s foot” represents animals. Alternate translation: “not even a wild animal will walk through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	29	12	b86m	figs-abstractnouns		0	For I will make the land of Egypt a desolation	The abstract noun “desolation” can be expressed with the adjective “desolate.” Alternate translation: “For I will make the land of Egypt desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	29	12	ef3g	figs-metonymy		0	I will scatter Egypt among the nations	Here “Egypt” represents the people of Egypt, and “scatter” represents causing them to move to other places. Alternate translation: “I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations” or “I will make the people of Egypt go and live among the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	13	yv9v			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh.
EZK	29	13	kwt6	figs-metonymy		0	I will gather Egypt	Here “Egypt” is a metonym for the people of Egypt, and “gather” is a metaphor for causing them to return to Egypt. Alternate translation: “I will cause the people of Egypt to return to Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	13	k5h2	figs-activepassive		0	among whom they were scattered	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “among whom I scattered them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	29	14	ae9f	figs-metaphor		0	I will restore the fortunes of Egypt	The phrase “fortunes of Egypt” is a metaphor for the people of Egypt who had been taken away to other countries. Alternate translation: “I will bring back the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	14	c3md	translate-names		0	the region of Pathros	the southern part of Egypt between the Delta and the land of Cush. This is also called Upper Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	29	14	ug87	figs-metaphor		0	a lowly kingdom	Here “lowly” represents unimportant. Alternate translation: “an unimportant kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	15	jgg2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh.
EZK	29	15	bd7q	figs-metaphor		0	the lowliest of the kingdoms	Here “lowliest” represents least important. Alternate translation: “the least important of the kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	15	ff4u	figs-metaphor		0	it will not be lifted up any more among the nations	Here “be lifted up” represents becoming important. Alternate translation: “it will not become important again among the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	15	grg4	figs-metaphor		0	I will diminish them	“I will make them small.” Here “diminish them” represents making Egypt weak or unimportant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	16	p8ei	figs-abstractnouns		0	The Egyptians will no longer be a reason for confidence for the house of Israel	The abstract noun “confidence” can be translated with the verbs “trust” or “rely on.” Alternate translation: “The house of Israel will no longer trust in the Egyptians” or “The house of Israel will no longer rely on the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	29	16	r6x6	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the nation of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	29	16	e48h	figs-explicit		0	they will be a reminder of the iniquity that Israel committed	How Egypt would be a reminder can be stated clearly. The abstract nouns “reminder” and “iniquity” can be expressed with the verbs “remember” and “sin.” Alternate translation: “when Israel sees what I do to Egypt, Israel will remember how Israel sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	29	16	mh8u	figs-metonymy		0	when they turned to Egypt for help	Here “turn…for help” is a metonym for “ask…for help.” Alternate translation: “whenever they asked Egypt to help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	29	17	ch2l			0	it came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	29	17	gqc9	translate-ordinal		0	in the twenty-seventh year	This was after King Jehoiachin and the people of Judah were taken as exiles to Babylon. Alternate translation: “in the twenty-seventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	17	wl2a	translate-hebrewmonths		0	on the first of the first month	“on the first day of the first month.” This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the beginning of April. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	29	17	awb7	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	29	18	t2q3			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	29	18	l44j	figs-explicit		0	to do hard work against Tyre	The kind of hard work they did can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “to work hard at attacking Tyre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	29	18	xi8j			0	Every head…every shoulder	This refers to the heads and shoulders of the Babylonian soldiers.
EZK	29	18	u4f4			0	Every head was rubbed until it was made bald	Either their helmets or the heavy things they carried on their heads rubbed the hair off their heads.
EZK	29	18	c9ej			0	every shoulder was made raw	Either their armor or the heavy things they carried on their shoulders rubbed the skin off their shoulders. Alternate translation: “every shoulder was rubbed raw” or “every shoulder was rubbed bare”
EZK	29	18	f8rl	figs-metaphor		0	he and his army received no payment from Tyre	Here “payment” represents the valuable things that Nebuchadnezzar’s army would steal from Tyre as a reward for defeating it. God speaks of these things as if they were what God would pay them for working for him. Alternate translation: “he and his army did not get any valuable things from Tyre as reward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	19	e2h7			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” This word adds emphasis to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	29	19	kl6x	figs-metaphor		0	I am giving the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon	Yahweh speaks of causing the army of Babylon to defeat Egypt as if God were giving Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “I will cause the army of Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, to defeat Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	19	vlc7	figs-metaphor		0	that will be his army’s wages	God speaks of these things that Nebuchadnezzar’s army would take as if they were what God would pay them for working for him. Alternate translation: “his army will receive those things as if they were payment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	20	g36f	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	29	21	i2nc	figs-metonymy		0	I will make a horn sprout up for the house of Israel	An animal horn represents the animal’s strength, so horn is a metonym for strength. God speaks of making Israel strong as if Israel were an animal, and he were to cause its horn to grow. Alternate translation: “I will make the people of Israel strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	29	21	uf1d	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Here it refers to the people of Israel, the descendants of Jacob whom God called Israel. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the nation of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	29	21	hj6u			0	speak in their midst	“speak to them”
EZK	30	intro	pp8x			0		# Ezekiel 30 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. Babylon will destroy all the towns of Egypt and their allies will not be able to help them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	30	1	q2x2			0	General Information:	Ezekiel tells about a message that Yahweh gave him.
EZK	30	1	fl7h	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	30	2	v8k8			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	30	2	xa56			0	Wail	cry out with grief
EZK	30	2	z93b	figs-exclamations		0	Woe is the coming day	This exclamation expresses the fear that people would feel about a certain day when terrible and frightening things will happen. Alternate translation: “Oh that day” or “Oh, what a frightening day is coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
EZK	30	3	g365			0	The day is near	“That day is soon” or “It will soon be that day”
EZK	30	3	mf3g	figs-explicit		0	The day is near for Yahweh	It is implied that on that day, Yahweh will punish people. Alternate translation: “It will soon be the day when Yahweh will punish you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	30	3	aq8x	figs-metaphor		0	a day of clouds	Dark storm clouds represent danger and fear. Alternate translation: “It will be like a day with dark clouds” or “It will be frightening like a day with dark clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	3	w6vn	figs-abstractnouns		0	a time of doom for nations	The abstract noun “doom” can be translated with the phrase “terrible things will happen.” Alternate translation: “a time when terrible things will happen to the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	4	sx35			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Egypt.
EZK	30	4	gs25	figs-metonymy		0	Then a sword will come against Egypt	The word “sword” here represents war or an army that attacks. Alternate translation: “There will be war against Egypt” or “An enemy army will attack Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	4	d6ih	figs-abstractnouns		0	there will be anguish in Cush	The abstract noun “anguish” can be expressed in terms of how the people feel. Alternate translation: “the people of Cush will be very sad” or “the people of Cush will suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	4	tq5r			0	when they take her wealth	“when the attackers take away the wealth of Egypt”
EZK	30	4	j6k8	figs-activepassive		0	when her foundations are ruined	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the attackers destroy the foundations of the buildings in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	5	kb1v	figs-metonymy		0	Cush and Put, Lydia and all Arabia, and Libya	These names refer to the people of these countries. Alternate translation: “The people of Cush and Put, Libya, and all Arabia, and Lydia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	5	c3n1	translate-names		0	Libya	Libya is a country west of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	30	5	aai4			0	Lydia	This probably refers to the kingdom of Lydia which was in what is now Turkey.
EZK	30	5	xzs8	figs-metonymy		0	will all fall by the sword	Here the sword represents battle. Alternate translation: “will all die in battle” or “will all die in the war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	5	p9mu	figs-hyperbole		0	will all fall by the sword	The word “all” here is a generalization. It means that many people will die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	30	6	f8np			0	Yahweh says this	“This is what Yahweh says.” This sentence introduces what the Lord would say.
EZK	30	6	kq6i			0	So the ones	“In this way, the peoples” or “In this manner, the nations”
EZK	30	6	y92j			0	who support Egypt	“who help Egypt”
EZK	30	6	lmk4			0	will fall	“will die” or “come to ruin”
EZK	30	6	hiz1	figs-metaphor		0	the pride of her strength will go down	This represents Egypt no longer being proud of their strength. The reason that they will not be proud is that they will no longer be strong. Alternate translation: “Egypt will no longer be proud about being strong” or “Egypt will no longer have the strength that they were so proud of” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	30	6	a5nq	figs-merism		0	From Migdol to Syene	Ezekiel names towns on the borders of Egypt in order to refer to all of Egypt. Alternate translation: “In all of Egypt” or “From the northern border of Egypt to the southern border of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
EZK	30	6	jsk6	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	30	7	tr5v			0	They will be appalled in the midst of the abandoned lands	“The soldiers of the allies of Egypt will be appalled when they are left surrounded by nothing but abandoned lands”
EZK	30	7	gsq4			0	in the midst of	“among” or “surrounded by”
EZK	30	7	rud4	figs-metaphor		0	their cities will be among all the ruined cities	Being “among” the ruined cities represents being ruined like the ruined cities of other countries. Alternate translation: “their cities will be ruined like the cities of other countries” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	8	m675			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Egypt.
EZK	30	8	m795			0	Then they	Possible meanings are (1) “Then people” or (2) “Then the Egyptians.”
EZK	30	8	lss3	figs-explicit		0	they will know that I am Yahweh	Yahweh is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated as similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “they will understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “they will realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	30	8	m7q3	figs-metonymy		0	when I set fire in Egypt	Here “set fire in Egypt” represents sending an army to attack Egypt and set fires. Alternate translation: “when I send an army to burn Egypt with fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	8	fe2h	figs-activepassive		0	all of her helpers are destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I destroy all of the allies of Egypt” or “when armies destroy all of those who help Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	9	tb3u			0	messengers will go out from before me in ships to terrorize a secure Cush	Messengers will bring the news of Egypt’s destruction to Cush, who will be frightened by the news.
EZK	30	9	j3s7			0	to terrorize a secure Cush	“in order to frighten Cush, who now feels safe from danger”
EZK	30	9	q7r7	figs-abstractnouns		0	there will be anguish among them on the day of Egypt’s doom	The abstract noun “anguish” and “doom” can be translated with the words “suffer” and “punish.” Alternate translation: “the people of Cush will also suffer when I punish Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	9	s8gg			0	behold!	The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. It can also be translated as “indeed!”
EZK	30	9	i4r1			0	It is coming	“It” refers to the “great pain” or “great sorrow” that Cush will have when they are punished along with Egypt.
EZK	30	10	x5ln			0	The Lord Yahweh says this	The word “this” refers to what follows. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:5](../05/05.md).
EZK	30	10	n8sq			0	I will make an end of the multitudes of Egypt	“I will make it so that Egypt will no longer have many people.”
EZK	30	10	m1i8			0	by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar	Here “the hand” represents Nebuchadnezzar’s military power. Nebuchadnezzar will be the one who brings this punishment about.
EZK	30	11	wyx4	figs-activepassive		0	He and his army with him…will be brought to destroy the land	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bring Nebuchadnezzar and his army…to destroy the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	11	ysz6	figs-activepassive		0	He and his army…will be brought to destroy the land	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will cause him and his army…to go destroy the land of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	11	c3dg	figs-abstractnouns		0	He and his army with him, the terror of nations	Yahweh calls Nebuchadnezzar “the terror of the nations” because all of the nations are greatly afraid of his army. Alternate translation: “He and his army with him, the one who terrifies many nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	11	qe7v	figs-metonymy		0	they will draw out their swords against Egypt	Here “draw out their swords” represents fighting with their swords. Alternate translation: “they will use their swords and fight against Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	11	z8nw	figs-hyperbole		0	fill the land with those who have been killed	This is an exaggeration to show that the Babylonians will kill very many Egyptians. There will be so many dead Egyptians that it will seem that their dead bodies cover all of the land of Egypt. Alternate translation: “kill so many people that it will seem like dead bodies are everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	30	12	u41k			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Egypt.
EZK	30	12	cf8a			0	I will make the rivers into dry ground	“I will dry up the rivers of Egypt”
EZK	30	12	uwr5	figs-metaphor		0	I will sell the land into the hand of wicked men	Yahweh will give the Babylonians control over Egypt just as a person who sells something gives the one who buys it control over that thing. Alternate translation: “I will give control of the land to wicked men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	12	j9ts			0	its fullness	“everything in the land”
EZK	30	13	dy8q			0	The Lord Yahweh says this	The word “this” refers to what follows. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:5](../05/05.md).
EZK	30	13	lx21			0	I will bring an end to the worthless idols	“I will destroy the worthless idols”
EZK	30	13	xdb6	translate-names		0	Memphis	Memphis was a very important city in Egypt. It was near modern-day Cairo. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	30	13	c8ph			0	a prince in the land of Egypt	“an important ruler in the land of Egypt”
EZK	30	13	p91i	figs-metaphor		0	I will put terror on the land of Egypt	Here “put terror on the land” represents causing the people of the land to be very afraid. Alternate translation: “I will make the people of Egypt very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	14	fxb3			0	Pathros	This was a region in southern Egypt.
EZK	30	14	dp2n			0	set fire in Zoan	“I will burn Zoan with fire”
EZK	30	14	s6js			0	Zoan	Zoan was another important city in Egypt.
EZK	30	14	ewv2	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will execute acts of judgment on Thebes	The phrase “acts of judgment” refers to punishment. Alternate translation: “I will punish Thebes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	14	pak1			0	Thebes	This was the capital city of southern Egypt.
EZK	30	15	bb6y			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Egypt.
EZK	30	15	dgd8	figs-metaphor		0	For I will pour out my fury on Pelusium	Here “pour out my fury” represents punishing the people because of his great anger. Alternate translation: “For I will act in great anger against Pelusium” or “Because I am so angry, I will punish Pelusium severely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	15	ki5k	translate-names		0	Pelusium	Pelusium is the name of a fortress in northern Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	30	15	qu8x	figs-metaphor		0	cut off the multitude of Thebes	Here “cut off” represents killing the people. Alternate translation: “kill the very large number of people in Thebes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	15	d9jg			0	Thebes	This was the capital city of southern Egypt. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:14](../03/14.md).
EZK	30	16	vd15	figs-idiom		0	Then I will set fire in Egypt	Here “set fire” is an idiom meaning “start a fire.” Alternate translation: “I will start a fire in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	30	16	i9pg	figs-metonymy		0	Pelusium will be in great agony	Here “Pelusium” is a metonym for the people of the city near Pelusium, and “be in great agony” can be translated with the verb “suffer.” Alternate translation: “The people of Pelusium will suffer terribly” or “The people of Pelusium will feel terrible pain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	16	dqz4	figs-activepassive		0	Thebes will be broken up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “enemies will break up the walls and buildings in Thebes” or “enemies will destroy the Thebes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	16	e499	figs-metonymy		0	Memphis will face enemies every day	Here “face enemies” represents seeing or having enemies. The name of the city is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate translation: “The people of Memphis will have enemies every day” or “Enemies will fight against the people of Memphis every day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	16	gk59			0	Memphis	Memphis was a very important city in Egypt. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 30:13](../30/13.md).
EZK	30	17	p2jj			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words about Egypt.
EZK	30	17	ax38	translate-names		0	Heliopolis and Bubastis	These were cities in northern Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	30	17	s7a4	figs-metonymy		0	will fall by the sword	The word “sword” is used here to refer to a battle or war. Alternate translation: “will die in battle” or “will die in the war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	17	ht2j	figs-metonymy		0	their cities will go into captivity	Here “cities” represents the people of the cities. The abstract noun “captivity” can be expressed with the more concrete noun “captive” or the verb “capture” Alternate translation: “the people of their cities will become captives” or “their enemies will capture their people and take them away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	18	h434			0	Tahpanhes	This was an important city in northern Egypt.
EZK	30	18	mtp2	figs-personification		0	the day will hold back its light	The day is spoken of as if it were able to keep its own light from shining. Alternate translation: “the day will be dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	30	18	pwv1	figs-metaphor		0	when I break the yoke of Egypt there	The word “yoke” here refers to Egypt’s power to oppress people. Alternate translation: “when I stop Egypt from oppressing people” or “when I end Egypt’s power to cruelly control other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	18	e5mh	figs-metaphor		0	the pride of her strength will be finished	This represents Egypt no longer being proud of their strength. The reason that they will not be proud is that they will no longer be strong. Alternate translation: “Egypt will no longer be proud about being strong” or “Egypt will no longer have the strength that they were so proud of” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	30	18	ylq1	figs-metaphor		0	There will be a cloud covering her	Possible meanings are (1) the dark cloud represents how sad the people of Egypt will feel. Alternate translation: “It will be as if there is a cloud over Egypt” or (2) there will be a cloud of dust over Egypt from everything that is destroyed. Alternate translation: “A cloud of dust will be over Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	18	mw36			0	her daughters	Possible meanings are (1) the people of the Egyptian towns or (2) the daughters of the Egyptian people
EZK	30	19	hci1	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will execute acts of judgment in Egypt	The phrase “acts of judgment” refers to punishment. Alternate translation: “I will punish Egypt in many ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	30	19	q3ti			0	so they	“so the Egyptians”
EZK	30	20	v536	figs-parables		0	General Information:	God speaks of making Pharaoh’s army weak as if he were to break Pharaoh’s arm, and of the army not being able to become strong again as if Pharaoh’s arm could not be healed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	30	20	x8fn	writing-newevent		0	Then it came about	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
EZK	30	20	tl8c			0	in the eleventh year	This is the eleventh year after King Jehoiachin was taken into exile in Babylon. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:1](../26/01.md).
EZK	30	20	gy39	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the first month, in the seventh day of the month	“in the seventh day of the first month.” This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The seventh day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	30	20	n3p5	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	30	21	qjk8			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	30	21	b22i	figs-parables		0	I have broken the arm of Pharaoh	Here “arm” represents the powerful army of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	30	21	dz36			0	Behold	“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
EZK	30	21	ts3a	figs-activepassive		0	It has not been bound up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one has bound up his arm” or “No one has wrapped up his arm” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	30	21	m4v7			0	or set to heal with a bandage	Here “set to heal with a bandage” refers to the arm being wrapped tightly in a bandage so that the parts of the bone will stay together and heal.
EZK	30	22	gh9r	figs-parables		0	General Information:	God continues speaking of Pharaoh’s army as if it were a broken arm. He also speaks of strengthening the army of Babylon as if it were the arms of the king of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	30	22	s55y			0	the Lord Yahweh says this	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:11](../03/11.md).
EZK	30	22	ywd2			0	both the strong one and the broken one	“both the arm that is healthy and the arm that is already broken”
EZK	30	22	ch9f			0	I will make the sword fall from his hand	“I will knock the sword out of Pharaoh’s hand”
EZK	30	23	tf9h	figs-parallelism		0	scatter Egypt among the nations and disperse them among the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated similar phrases in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	30	23	bv5e			0	among the lands	“among the places in which people live”
EZK	30	24	sg7g			0	I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon	“I will make the arms of the king of Babylon strong”
EZK	30	24	cq89			0	He will groan before the king of Babylon	“When the king of Babylon comes to attack Egypt, Pharaoh will groan.”
EZK	30	24	e6ip			0	groan	A groan is a noise that people make when they have a lot of pain or are dying.
EZK	30	24	y8p3			0	with the groans of a dying man	“as a man who is dying groans” or “like a man who is dying”
EZK	30	25	rst2	figs-parables		0	General Information:	God continues speaking of the armies of Egypt and Babylon as if the armies were the arms of their kings. He also speaks of making the army of Babylon strong to attack others as if he had a sword and put it in the Babylonian king’s hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	30	25	rjv6	figs-metonymy		0	For I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon	Here “arms” are a metonym for the army. Alternate translation: “I will make the army of the king of Babylon strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	25	wjm9	figs-metonymy		0	while Pharaoh’s arms will fall	Here “Pharaoh’s arms” is a metonym for his army, and “will fall” represents being weak. Alternate translation: “but Pharaoh’s army will be unable to defeat enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	30	25	g2eq			0	Then they	The word “they” possibly refers to (1) “the Egyptians” or (2) “all people who hear what Yahweh has done.”
EZK	30	25	mku4			0	for he will attack the land of Egypt with it	“and the king of Babylon will attack the land of Egypt with my sword”
EZK	30	26	mv68	figs-parallelism		0	scatter Egypt among the nations and disperse them through the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated similar phrases in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	31	intro	chn5			0		# Ezekiel 31 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The prophecy against Egypt and its king continues in this chapter. God told Egypt to remember what happened to Assyria when it became proud. This same things will now happen to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
EZK	31	1	db1f			0	it came about	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	31	1	t3pb	translate-ordinal		0	in the eleventh year	“in year 11.” This means the eleventh year after King Jehoiachin was taken into exile in Babylon. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:1](../26/01.md). Alternate translation: “in the eleventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	31	1	ghs3	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the third month, on the first day of the month	“on the first day of the third month.” This is the third month of the Hebrew calendar. This first day is near the beginning of June on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	31	1	kcs5	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	31	2	b3zm			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	31	2	d4m7	figs-rquestion		0	In your greatness, who are you like?	“Who is as great as you are?” Yahweh uses this question to introduce a new topic. Pharaoh thought that his nation was the greatest, but God is about to talk about another great nation. Alternate translation: “You think that there is no country whose power is as great as the power of your country.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	31	3	x6wc	figs-parables		0	General Information:	These are God’s words to Pharaoh about Assyria. God gives his message in the form of a parable about a great cedar tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	31	3	ga72			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	31	3	a5an	figs-parables		0	Assyria was a cedar	In this parable, God speaks about Assyria as if it were a great tree to emphasize how great and powerful the Assyrians were. This parable continues until 31:9. Alternate translation: “Assyria was like a cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
EZK	31	3	dm9d			0	the branches formed its treetop	“its top was above the branches of the other trees.” Some versions of the Bible translate this as “the top of the tree was in the clouds.”
EZK	31	4	hgu1			0	Many waters made it tall	“Because the cedar had a lot of water, it grew very tall”
EZK	31	4	g9yr			0	the deep waters made it huge	“the water deep in the ground made the cedar grow very big”
EZK	31	4	we7t			0	for their channels stretched out to all the trees in the field	“and streams flowed from the rivers to all the trees of the field”
EZK	31	5	xpc9			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	5	i2i5			0	Its great height was more than any of the other trees in the field	“The cedar was taller than any of the other trees of the field”
EZK	31	5	a33e			0	its branches became very many	“it grew very many branches”
EZK	31	5	vt63			0	because of many waters as they grew	“because it had a lot of water”
EZK	31	6	p46h			0	Every bird of the heavens nested in its branches	“All kinds of birds that fly in the sky made nests in its branches”
EZK	31	6	xq9w			0	while every living thing of the field gave birth to its young under its foliage	“and all of the creatures that live in the field gave birth under the cedar’s branches”
EZK	31	6	v3e6	figs-metonymy		0	All of the many nations lived under its shade	“All of the great nations lived in the shade of that tree.” Here “nations” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “The people from all the nations lived in the shade of that tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	7	at82			0	it was beautiful in its greatness and the length of its branches	“It was beautiful because it was very big and its branches were very long”
EZK	31	8	v1ux			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	8	lcc8	figs-123person		0	Cedars in the garden of God could not equal it	Since these were God’s words to Pharaoh, it can also be translated with the first person. Alternate translation: “The cedar trees in my garden were not as great as that tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	31	8	n5ax			0	the garden of God	This is another way of referring to “the garden of Eden.”
EZK	31	8	hf16	figs-explicit		0	None among the cypress trees matched its branches	Yahweh was comparing how many branches the trees had. Alternate translation: “None of the cypress trees had as many branches as the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	31	8	ftl7			0	cypress trees	Cypress trees have very many branches. They can grow very tall. See how you translated “cypress” in [Ezekiel 27:5](../27/05.md).
EZK	31	8	x9pl	figs-explicit		0	the plane tree could not equal its boughs	It was implied Yahweh was comparing the long branches of the cedar tree with the long branches of the plane tree. Alternate translation: “the plane tree did not have branches like the cedar tree” or “no plane tree had branches as long as the branches of the cedar tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	31	8	w3nx	translate-unknown		0	plane tree	A plane tree was a large, leafy tree with strong branches. It is similar to a sycamore tree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZK	31	8	cj56			0	was like it in its beauty	“was as beautiful as the cedar tree”
EZK	31	9	gqy2			0	I made it beautiful with its many branches	“I made the cedar beautiful by giving it many long branches”
EZK	31	9	bt1v			0	envied it	“were jealous of the cedar tree”
EZK	31	10	ki1u			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	10	faz5	figs-123person		0	Therefore the Lord Yahweh says this	Since Yahweh is speaking this can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “Therefore, this is what I, Yahweh the Lord, say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	31	10	k9ew			0	it set its treetop between its branches	“its top was above the branches of the other trees.” Some versions of the Bible translate this as “the top of the tree was in the clouds.”
EZK	31	11	px3j	figs-metonymy		0	I have given it into the hand of a mighty one of the nations	The word “hand” represents control. Alternate translation: “I put it in the power of the strongest nation” or “I gave the strongest nation power over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	11	xdq6			0	I have thrown it out	“I sent the cedar away from the cedar’s land because the cedar was wicked”
EZK	31	12	cj68			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	12	m12k	figs-abstractnouns		0	who were the terror of all the nations	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “afraid.” And here “nations” represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “who made the people of all the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	12	cu9y			0	cut it off	“cut the cedar down”
EZK	31	12	jjb9			0	its boughs lay broken	“the foreigners broke the boughs of the cedar”
EZK	31	12	q3v2			0	boughs	Boughs are very large branches that grow on trees. Usually, many smaller branches grow on the boughs.
EZK	31	12	nb2r			0	came out from under its shade	“left the shade of the cedar”
EZK	31	13	y7h4			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	13	if23			0	All the birds of the sky	“All the birds that fly in the sky”
EZK	31	13	yn66			0	rested on the trunk of the fallen tree	“rested on the remains of the cedar”
EZK	31	13	a9ul			0	trunk	The trunk is a very thick part of the tree that comes out of the ground and holds up the rest of the tree.
EZK	31	13	uf9q			0	every animal of the field came to its branches	“the wild animals lived in the branches of the cedar”
EZK	31	14	gp3y			0	that no other trees that grow by the waters	“that no other trees that get a lot of water”
EZK	31	14	m4jh			0	will lift up their foliage to the height of the tallest trees	“will grow taller than the branches of other trees.” Some Bibles translate this as “will set their tops among the clouds.”
EZK	31	14	wzz1			0	that no other trees that grow beside the waters will reach up to that height	“that no other trees that get a lot of water will ever grow that tall again”
EZK	31	14	s7d5	figs-activepassive		0	All of them have been assigned to death, to the earth below	This can be stated in active form. And the abstract noun “death” can be stated “die.” Alternate translation: “For I made it so that they all will die and go deep under the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	31	14	atm7			0	among the children of humanity, with those that go down to the pit	“to be with those people who have died and gone down to the grave”
EZK	31	14	ne1g	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	This refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	15	zty8			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues. Here, Yahweh speaks about the great sadness caused by the tree being cut down as if even the waters, Lebanon, and the wild trees all mourned for the cedar.
EZK	31	15	qq6r	figs-idiom		0	On the day when the cedar went down to Sheol	The phrase “went down to Sheol” means “died.” Alternate translation: “On the day that the cedar died” or “On the day that the cedar was chopped down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	31	15	ry34	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to the earth	The abstract noun “mourning” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I caused the earth to mourn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	31	15	xaz6	figs-metaphor		0	I covered the deep waters over it	The word “covered” possibly refers to putting on clothes for mourning. Alternate translation: “I made the water from the springs mourn for the cedar” or “it was as though the springs that watered it mourned for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	31	15	gx5u			0	I held back the ocean waters	“I kept the water in the ocean from watering the earth”
EZK	31	15	j8ug			0	I kept back the great waters	“I made it so that there would not be a lot of water anymore”
EZK	31	15	hv86	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to Lebanon for him	The abstract noun “mourning” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I made Lebanon mourn for the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	31	16	i54z			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	16	i84r	figs-idiom		0	when I threw it down to Sheol with those who went down into the pit	Here “threw it down to Sheol” is an idiom that means to kill. “The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:14](../31/14.md). Alternate translation: “when I killed the cedar and it went to Sheol with everyone else that is dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	16	cc1y	figs-idiom		0	in the lowest parts of the earth	“that were already deep down in the ground.” This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that had already died and are now in Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	31	16	fpl1			0	the choicest and best trees of Lebanon; the trees that drank the waters	“the best trees of Lebanon that everyone would want; trees that got a lot of water.” This is describing the trees of Eden that were in the lowest parts of the earth.
EZK	31	16	c1t9			0	the choicest	This is something that everyone would want because it is very good.
EZK	31	17	wir1			0	General Information:	Yahweh’s parable about the cedar continues.
EZK	31	17	nmq8	figs-idiom		0	they also went down with it to Sheol	Here “went down…to Sheol” is an idiom that means to die. Alternate translation: “those trees of Lebanon also died and went down to Sheol with the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	31	17	pk4t	figs-activepassive		0	who had been killed by the sword	Here “sword” represents enemies who fought them in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom enemies had killed with swords” or “who had died in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	17	j8k6	figs-metonymy		0	These were its strong arm	“These trees of Lebanon were its strong arm.” The phrase “strong arm” represents “power.” Alternate translation: “These trees of Lebanon were the power of the cedar” or “These trees strengthened the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	31	18	uk5x	figs-rquestion		0	Which of the trees in Eden was your equal in glory and greatness?	“Which of these trees in Eden had as much glory as you and was as great as you?” God asks Pharaoh this question to show him that the parable applies to him and his country. It can start with “So Pharaoh” or “So Egypt.” Alternate translation: “None of the trees in Eden was your equal in glory and greatness!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	31	18	el53	figs-activepassive		0	For you will be brought down	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For I will bring you down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	31	18	qmp4			0	with the trees of Eden	“like the other trees of Eden”
EZK	31	18	yp8v			0	to the lowest parts of the earth	“to a place deep in the ground”
EZK	31	18	m128			0	among the uncircumcised	“where you will be with people who are not circumcised”
EZK	31	18	m3da	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	32	intro	vpr6			0		# Ezekiel 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The prophecy against Egypt and its king concludes in this chapter. Egypt will have its army destroyed, just as happened to so many other nations. Beginning in verse 1, the land of Egypt is addressed through Pharaoh, its king, so God refers to Egypt as “he” and “him.” However, beginning in verse 12, Egypt is referred to as “she” and “her,” as if she were a woman. It was common in Hebrew for lands and countries to be referred to as if they were women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	1	r6qy			0	Then it happened	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	32	1	esv2	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the twelfth month…on the first of the month	This is the twelfth and final month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the end of February. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	32	1	vh9u	translate-ordinal		0	of the twelfth year	This refers to the twelfth year of the reign of King Jehoiachin. Alternate translation: “of the twelfth year of the exile of King Jehoiachin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	1	alb1	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	32	2	l8pu			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	32	2	iu25			0	lift up	“sing”
EZK	32	2	w2mp			0	You are like a young lion…like a monster in the seas	Possible meanings are (1) he thought he was like a lion, but he was really only a monster, or (2) he was like a lion and a monster.
EZK	32	2	u588	figs-simile		0	like a young lion among the nations	Egypt was stronger than other nations, like lions are stronger than other animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	32	2	v3jk	figs-simile		0	like a monster in the seas	Pharaoh was powerful, but he only caused trouble for others, like this monster in the water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	32	2	ih5d			0	monster	A monster is an animal that is big and dangerous. This one might be a crocodile. See how you translated this word in [Ezekiel 29:3](../29/03.md).
EZK	32	3	kkk6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh and to speak of him as if he were a monster, perhaps a crocodile, in the water.
EZK	32	3	rvm9			0	The Lord Yahweh says this	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:5](../05/05.md).
EZK	32	3	e8fe	figs-metaphor		0	So I will spread my net over you in the assembly of many peoples	God’s punishment of Pharaoh is spoken of as if the king were the river monster caught in a net. Alternate translation: “So I will gather many peoples and throw my net over you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	4	y8ig			0	I will abandon you in the land	“I will leave you helpless on the land.” The monster that was fearsome and powerful when it was in the water cannot do anything when it is left on dry land.
EZK	32	4	hw9d			0	all the birds of the heavens	“all the birds that fly in the sky”
EZK	32	4	vq12	figs-activepassive		0	the hunger of all living animals on earth will be satisfied by you	This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “I will let all the animals of the earth eat your body until they are hungry no longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	5	ui3b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh and to compare him to a monster that lives in the water.
EZK	32	5	a9vx	figs-explicit		0	your worm-filled corpse	The worms help the dead body to rot. Alternate translation: “your rotting body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	6	jvz5	figs-activepassive		0	the stream beds will be filled with your blood	This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “I will fill the streams with your blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	7	p9yx			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Pharaoh what he will do to Egypt.
EZK	32	7	fg4i	figs-metaphor		0	when I extinguish you	It was common to speak of a person’s life as if it were a lamp that could be put out. Alternate translation: “When I destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	7	ih1k	figs-metaphor		0	I will cover the heavens	Yahweh speaks of making the stars dark as if he were putting a cover over the sky. Alternate translation: “I will make everything in the sky go dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	8	q8bu	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	32	9	tl12			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh.
EZK	32	9	t2sg	figs-metonymy		0	I will terrify the heart of many peoples	Here “heart” represents the people’s emotions. Alternate translation: “I will make the hearts of many peoples afraid” or “I will cause many people to be terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	9	ss3w			0	in lands that you do not know	The way that Yahweh destroys Egypt will make afraid even people in lands that Pharaoh never knew about.
EZK	32	9	j9w1	figs-metaphor		0	when I bring about your collapse among the nations	The nation of Egypt, symbolized by its king, is spoken of as if it were a building that was collapsing. Alternate translation: “when nations hear about the way I destroyed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	10	nm9u	figs-metonymy		0	when I swing my sword	Here swinging a sword represents using the sword. Alternate translation: “when I use my sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	10	taf8			0	Every moment each one will tremble because of you	Here “tremble” is an action that people often do when they are very afraid. Alternate translation: “Every one of them will keep shaking because of their fear”
EZK	32	10	j552	figs-metaphor		0	on the day of your downfall	The idea of falling down (“downfall”) represents dying. Alternate translation: “when I destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	11	mza2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh.
EZK	32	11	j9j7	figs-metonymy		0	The sword of the king of Babylon will come against you	Here “sword” represents an army. Alternate translation: “The army of the king of Babylon will attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	12	l2us	figs-abstractnouns		0	each warrior a terror of nations	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “terrifies” or “afraid.” Alternate translation: “Each warrior terrifies the nations” or “each one of them makes the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	32	12	lft6	figs-abstractnouns		0	will devastate the pride of Egypt	The abstract noun “pride” can be stated as “proud.” Alternate translation: “will cause the Egyptians to no longer be proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	32	12	i7f7	figs-hyperbole		0	destroy all of its multitudes	Here “all” is probably a generalization that refers to the killing of large numbers of soldiers, and perhaps other people also. Alternate translation: “kill a very large number of people who live in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	32	13	h1tx			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
EZK	32	13	n7m4			0	from beside the plentiful waters	“in the places where there is a lot of water”
EZK	32	13	cr7b	figs-synecdoche		0	the foot of man will no longer stir the waters up	The foot here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “people will no longer stir the waters up with their feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	32	13	lvt6			0	stir the waters	make clear water muddy
EZK	32	13	d8xw	figs-metonymy		0	the hooves of cattle stir them	The hoof is a synecdoche for cattle. Alternate translation: “cattle stir them with their hooves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	14	siz7			0	Then I will calm their waters	Possible meanings are (1) “I will make the water calm” or (2) “I will make the water clear.” When no one stirs up the water, the dirt settles down and the water becomes clear.
EZK	32	15	viv4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
EZK	32	15	p2d8	figs-activepassive		0	When I make the land of Egypt an abandoned place	This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “When I make the land of Egypt a place where no one is living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	15	x25c			0	when the land is made bare of all its fullness	“when the country is made to lose all its wealth”
EZK	32	15	kg8c	figs-metonymy		0	when I attack all the inhabitants in her	Here the idea of attacking represents destroying. Alternate translation: “when I destroy all who live in her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	15	j4jw	figs-metaphor		0	in her	It was normal in biblical language to represent countries and lands as if they were women. Alternate translation: “in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	15	jpw4	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	16	lj5g	figs-metaphor		0	over her	It was normal in biblical language to represent countries and lands as if they were women. Alternate translation: “over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	16	fw4s			0	the daughters of the nations	Possible meanings are (1) “the women of other nations” or (2) “people of other nations”
EZK	32	16	y6w8			0	over Egypt, over all her multitudes	“about Egypt, about all her multitudes” or “about the disaster that happened to Egypt, about the disaster that happened to all her multitudes”
EZK	32	17	hbi3			0	Then it happened	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new message. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	32	17	mmq4	figs-explicit		0	in the twelfth year	Possible meanings are (1) This happened in the twelfth year after the Babylonians took the Israelites to Babylon or (2) this happened in the twelfth year after the Babylonians took Jehoiachin to Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	17	aud7	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	32	18	l4kp			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	32	18	uqn6			0	bring them down—her and the daughters of majestic nations	God is perhaps telling Ezekiel to cause this to happen by giving a prophetic command.
EZK	32	18	x2hj			0	her	Once again, the land of Egypt is referred to as a woman.
EZK	32	18	dz2p			0	the daughters of majestic nations	Possible meanings are (1) “the people of powerful nations” or (2) “other powerful nations.”
EZK	32	18	b9j9	figs-idiom		0	the lowest earth	“to the places under the ground.” When people died, they were put in the ground. So “bring them down…to the lowest earth” means “make them die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	32	18	map2			0	with those who have gone down to the pit	“with everyone else who has died and gone into the ground”
EZK	32	18	rhr2	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:16](../31/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	19	fu9n	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel. He speaks of the people of Egypt as if they were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	19	b7dx	figs-explicit		0	Are you really more beautiful than anyone else? Go down and lie down with the uncircumcised.	This is a question and command that the prophet is to ask the Egyptians. Alternate translation: “Go down and lie down with the uncircumcised. Ask them all: ‘Are you really more beautiful than anyone else?’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	19	a2ia	figs-explicit		0	Go down	It is implied that they must go down to Sheol. Alternate translation: “Go down to Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	19	jc5b			0	lie down	as in death. If your language has a word for dead people lying down that is different from the word for live people lying down to sleep, use it here.
EZK	32	19	t65u	figs-rquestion		0	Are you really more beautiful than anyone else?	This question really makes a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not more beautiful than anyone else.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	32	20	uu81			0	They will fall	“Egypt and her people will fall”
EZK	32	20	f6rm	figs-activepassive		0	who were killed by the sword	The word “sword” is a metonym for a soldier who kills people with a sword.This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “whom enemy soldiers killed with swords” or “who died in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	20	lfy2	figs-metonymy		0	The sword has been drawn!	The word “sword” here is a metonym for war that people fight with swords. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “War has begun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	20	d149	figs-activepassive		0	She has been given to the sword	This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “I have given Egypt to the sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	20	pag6			0	they will seize her and her multitudes	“her enemies will seize Egypt and her people”
EZK	32	21	h27l			0	about Egypt and her allies	“about the Egyptians and those who join them”
EZK	32	22	gvj6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about nations in Sheol. Because what God is showing Ezekiel may be for future time, either the present tense or the future tense is suitable for these verses and the following verses.
EZK	32	22	sx45	figs-metaphor		0	Assyria is there with all her assembly	The land of Assyria is represented as a woman. Alternate translation: “The people of Assyria and all its army are there in Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	22	db7h			0	her assembly	“all her people together”
EZK	32	22	sb68	figs-metonymy		0	all of them were killed by the sword	The word “sword” is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “Soldiers used swords to kill them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	23	g6yx	figs-metonymy		0	are set in the recesses of the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:18](../32/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	23	bp7y	figs-activepassive		0	all of those who were killed, who fell by the sword	This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “all those whom enemies killed in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	23	t3fw	figs-euphemism		0	fell by the sword	The word “fell” here is a euphemism for “died.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
EZK	32	23	qc35	figs-abstractnouns		0	those who brought terror on the land of the living	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “afraid.” Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	32	23	zb2x	figs-metonymy		0	the land of the living	This represents the people who were alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	24	gi85			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about nations in Sheol.
EZK	32	24	y3cg	figs-metonymy		0	Elam is there	Here “Elam” refers to the people of that country. Alternate translation: “The people of Elam are also there in Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	24	h835			0	her multitudes	Possible meanings are (1) her many people or (2) her army.
EZK	32	24	h7ns			0	Her graves surround her	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:22](../32/22.md).
EZK	32	24	p6nh	figs-activepassive		0	all of them were killed	This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “Her enemies killed them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	24	p8l5			0	Those who fell by the sword	Translate “who fell by the sword” as in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md).
EZK	32	24	bbe7	figs-metonymy		0	by the sword	Here “the sword” is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	24	r7fm			0	who have gone down uncircumcised	“who were uncircumcised when they went down”
EZK	32	24	ks5k			0	to the lowest parts of the earth	“to places deep down in the ground” or “to the land deep down in the ground.” See how you translated “in the lowest realms of the earth” in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md).
EZK	32	24	jtw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	who brought their terrors	The abstract noun “terrors” can be stated as “afraid.” See how you translated “brought terror” in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	32	24	f2v2	figs-metonymy		0	the land of the living	This represents the people who were alive. See how you translated “the land of the living” in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	24	fl6f	figs-metaphor		0	who carry their own shame	Shame is spoken of as if it were an object that one could carry where he goes. Alternate translation: “who feel ashamed” or “who are now disgraced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	24	hj7r	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	25	wxs6	figs-metaphor		0	They set a bedroll for Elam and all her multitudes	Space being made in Sheol for the dead is spoken of as if the dead were given beds to lie on. Alternate translation: “They gave beds to Elam and all its people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	25	if13			0	in the midst of the slain	“with all the other people who were killed”
EZK	32	25	b2qh	figs-explicit		0	All of them are uncircumcised	The Israelites did not respect people who were not circumcised. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	25	t44i	figs-metonymy		0	pierced by the sword, because	The word “pierced” here is a metonym for “killed.” This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “their enemies have killed them with swords because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	25	wm2f			0	Elam is among all those who were killed	This is very similar to the first part of the verse. Alternate translation: “The dead people gave Elam a place to lie among themselves”
EZK	32	26	ev99			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about nations in Sheol.
EZK	32	26	z1f7			0	Meshech…Tubal	See how you translated these names in [Ezekiel 27:13](../27/13.md).
EZK	32	26	yyc8			0	Their graves surround them	See how you translated “her graves surround her” in [Ezekiel 32:22](../32/22.md).
EZK	32	26	cz8c	figs-metonymy		0	killed by the sword	Here “the sword” represents warfare. Alternate translation: “killed in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	26	f99x	figs-abstractnouns		0	they had brought their terrors on the land of the living	Causing people to fear is spoken of as if it were the act of bringing an object to them. The abstract noun “terrors” can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “they terrified everyone in the land of the living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	32	26	d3ir			0	All of them…land of the living	See how you translated “All of them…land of the living” in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md).
EZK	32	27	yw5h	figs-metaphor		0	their iniquities over their bones	The warriors’ iniquities cover their bodies, although one would expect that their shields would cover them in death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	27	ib2c			0	they were the terror of warriors in the land of the living	“while they were still alive, they made other warriors very afraid”
EZK	32	27	h3q4	figs-metaphor		0	in the land of the living	The time during which these warriors were living is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “while they were alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	28	py7u			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking.
EZK	32	28	r4lz	figs-activepassive		0	you…will be broken	“Broken” here represents “destroyed.” This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “I will destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	28	i379			0	in the midst of	“in the middle of”
EZK	32	28	mq69	figs-metonymy		0	those who were pierced	The word “pierced” here is a metonym for “killed.” This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). Alternate translation: “those whose enemies have killed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	28	x2sa	figs-metonymy		0	by the sword	This represents being in warfare. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	29	md54	figs-metonymy		0	Edom is there with her kings and all her leaders	Here “Edom” represents all the people of Edom. Alternate translation: “the people of Edom are in Sheol with their kings and all their leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	29	s1gf	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	30	zig8			0	The princes of the north	“The princes who ruled nations in the north”
EZK	32	30	ac77			0	are there	“are in Sheol”
EZK	32	30	anr3			0	went down	“went down to Sheol”
EZK	32	30	ay1b	figs-metonymy		0	had been pierced	The word “pierced” here is a metonym for “killed.” This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). Alternate translation: “whom enemies had killed with swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	30	a25h	figs-metonymy		0	by the sword	This represents being in warfare. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	32	30	yq15	figs-metaphor		0	They carry their own shame	Shame is spoken of as if it were an object that one could carry where he goes. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](../32/25.md). Alternate translation: “who feel ashamed” or “who are now disgraced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	32	30	tss7			0	the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:29](../32/29.md).
EZK	32	31	u77n	figs-explicit		0	Pharaoh will look	It can be made explicit who Pharaoh will see. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will see all the dead people from other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	32	31	gyv1	figs-explicit		0	be comforted about all his multitudes	It is implied that Pharaoh will be comforted because the armies of other great kings also died. Alternate translation: “will comfort himself that he was not the only king whose entire army died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	32	32	gpa3			0	I put him as my terrifying one in the land of the living	“While Pharaoh was still alive, I made him to terrify people”
EZK	32	32	xw85	figs-activepassive		0	he will be laid down in the midst of the uncircumcised	This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “Others will lay him in the midst of the uncircumcised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	intro	bez7			0		# Ezekiel 33 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Repentance<br><br>God does not want sinners to die. He wants them to repent and live. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
EZK	33	1	zsm8	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	2	ncc7			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	33	2	u95d	figs-metonymy		0	a sword against any land	The word “sword” refers to an enemy army that attacks. Also, “land” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “an army to attack the people of any land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	2	lp4x			0	make him a watchman	“appoint him as a guard” or “make him guard”
EZK	33	3	j7l1	figs-metonymy		0	He looks for the sword	Here “sword” represents an enemy army. Alternate translation: “He looks for an enemy army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	4	uy2a			0	do not pay attention	“ignore the warning”
EZK	33	4	es87	figs-metonymy		0	each one’s blood is on his own head	Here “blood” represents death. The phrase “on his own head” is an idiom that means the person will be held responsible. Alternate translation: “it is their own fault if they die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	5	bxg8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites.
EZK	33	5	j5px			0	his blood is on him	Here “blood” represents a person’s death. The phrase “on him” is an idiom that means that person is considered responsible. Alternate translation: “it will be his own fault that he dies”
EZK	33	5	y6tp			0	save his own life	“will keep himself from dying”
EZK	33	6	whv7	figs-metonymy		0	the sword as it is coming	The word “sword” refers to an enemy army. Alternate translation: “the enemy army as it is coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	6	i3vd	figs-activepassive		0	with the result that the people are not warned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and he does not warn the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	6	n3dx	figs-metonymy		0	the sword comes and takes anyone’s life	Here “sword” represents an enemy army. Alternate translation: “the enemy army comes and kills anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	6	ih9v			0	that person dies in his own sin	“that person dies because of his own sin”
EZK	33	6	bt9e	figs-metonymy		0	I will require his blood from the watchman	Here “blood” represents a person’s death. The phrase “I will require his blood from” is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate translation: “I will consider that person’s death to be the fault of the watchman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	7	a6mp			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	33	7	wy4i	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	7	kx9j	figs-metonymy		0	you will hear the words from my mouth and warn them on my behalf	Here “mouth” represents what Yahweh says. Alternate translation: “you will hear the message that I speak and you will warn them on my behalf” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	7	k3xm			0	warn them on my behalf	“warn them as my representative” or “give them the warning from me”
EZK	33	8	f3uh			0	do not announce this	“do not say this”
EZK	33	8	uv5c			0	about his way	“the way he acts” or “the things he does.” See how you translated “your ways” in [Ezekiel 7:3](../07/03.md).
EZK	33	8	xxx9	figs-metonymy		0	I will require his blood from your hand	Here “blood” represents a person’s death. The phrase “require…from your hand” is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate translation: “I will consider you responsible for his death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	9	bli4	figs-metaphor		0	he might turn back from it, and if he does not turn back from his way	A person no longer behaving in a certain way is spoken of as if he physically turns and goes back on a path. Alternate translation: “he might stop doing bad things, and if he does not stop doing bad things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	9	wyw9			0	will have saved your own life	“will have kept yourself alive”
EZK	33	10	x1yc			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites.
EZK	33	10	s8vg	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	10	v348			0	You are saying this	“This is what you have said”
EZK	33	10	a75l	figs-metaphor		0	Our transgressions and our sins are on us	Possible meanings are (1) “on us” is a metaphor that means they feel guilty for their transgressions and sins or (2) “on us” is a metaphor that means they realize that Yahweh is punishing them for their transgressions and sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	10	m2e4	figs-metaphor		0	we are decaying in them	“we are rotting away because of them.” Being destroyed because of sin is spoken of as if the person’s flesh were rotting. Alternate translation: “they are destroying us” or “they are killing us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	10	w3qz			0	in them	“because of them”
EZK	33	10	wd7m	figs-rquestion		0	How can we live?	The people ask this question to emphasize that they have no hope of living. Alternate translation: “We have no hope of living.” or “We will certainly die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	33	11	tlw1	figs-abstractnouns		0	I do not delight in the death of the wicked	The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “die.” And the nominal adjective “the wicked” can be stated as “wicked people.” Alternate translation: “It does not make me happy when wicked people die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	33	11	e26x	figs-metaphor		0	if the wicked repents from his way	Here “way” represents how a person behaves. Alternate translation: “if the wicked person stops doing bad things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	11	r9qn	figs-rquestion		0	For why should you die, house of Israel?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he does not want the people of Israel to die. Alternate translation: “Do not choose to die, house of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	33	12	s5e9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites.
EZK	33	12	lb73	figs-abstractnouns		0	The righteousness of a righteous person will not save him if he sins!	The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as the adjective “right.” It is implied that they will not be saved from God’s punishment. Alternate translation: “If righteous people start to sin, the fact that they did what was right before will not stop me from punishing them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	33	12	i4s7	figs-abstractnouns		0	The wickedness of a wicked person will not cause him to perish	The abstract noun “wickedness” can be stated as the adjective “wicked.” Alternate translation: “A person who does what is wicked will not perish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	33	13	j7tp	figs-abstractnouns		0	if he trusts in his righteousness	The person thinks that because he was righteous, Yahweh will not punish him, even if he sins. The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as the adjective “right.” Alternate translation: “if he depends on the right things he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	33	13	ef4y			0	commits injustice	“does what is evil” or “does wicked things”
EZK	33	13	g3er	figs-idiom		0	I will not call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will not think about” or “I will not recall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	13	wz8k	figs-abstractnouns		0	for the wickedness he committed	The abstract noun “wickedness” can be stated as the adjective “wicked” Alternate translation: “because of the wicked things he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	33	14	c3lg			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites.
EZK	33	14	b6yl	figs-nominaladj		0	to the wicked	The nominal adjective “the wicked” can be stated as “the wicked person.” Alternate translation: “to the wicked person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
EZK	33	15	xll9			0	if he restores the loan guarantee	“if he gives back the loan guarantee”
EZK	33	15	frw7			0	loan guarantee	something a person leaves with another person to show that he will keep his promise to pay back what he has borrowed
EZK	33	15	bs3c			0	makes restitution for what he has stolen	“returns what he has stolen” or “pays back the value of what he stole”
EZK	33	15	a8pz	figs-metaphor		0	walks in the statutes that give life	Acting or behaving in a certain way is spoken of as if it were walking. Alternate translation: “lives according to the laws that give life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	16	t7vi	figs-idiom		0	will be called to mind for him	The phrase “call to mind” is an idiom that means to remember. The phrase “will be called” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will I think about” or “will I recall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	17	p3b6			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the Israelites.
EZK	33	17	n2pn			0	your people	These are the people of Israel. The word “your” refers to Ezekiel.
EZK	33	17	md4q	figs-metaphor		0	The way of the Lord…your ways that are not fair	Behaviors or actions is spoken of as if they were a way or road on which a person travels. Alternate translation: “What the Lord does…the things you do that are not fair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	17	ek62	figs-123person		0	but it is your ways	The word “your” refers to the people of Israel. This can be stated in third person. Alternate translation: “but it is their ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	33	18	lm5w	figs-metaphor		0	turns away from his righteousness	No longer doing something is spoken of as if it were physically turning away from something. Alternate translation: “stops doing what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	18	pvt9			0	die in it	“die because of his sins”
EZK	33	19	sj6g	figs-metaphor		0	turns away from his wickedness	No longer doing something is spoken of as if it were physically turning away from something. Alternate translation: “stops doing wicked things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	19	n641			0	because of those things	“because he does what is just and righteous”
EZK	33	20	nif9			0	you people	These are the people of Israel.
EZK	33	20	ml7h	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	21	f5bc			0	It happened	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	33	21	ft4b	translate-ordinal		0	the twelfth year…fifth day…tenth month	“year 12…day 5…month 10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	33	21	h8in	translate-hebrewmonths		0	on the fifth day of the tenth month	This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifth day is near the beginning of January on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	33	21	b544	figs-exclusive		0	of our captivity	Here “our” refers to Ezekiel and the Israelites who have been in Babylon since the time the Babylonians forced King Jehoiachin to leave Jerusalem, but not to the reader. Alternate translation: “after we became captives” or “after the Babylonians took us as captives to Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	33	21	t9rx			0	a fugitive came to me from Jerusalem	“someone escaped from Jerusalem and came to me” The Babylonians had destroyed Jerusalem and killed the people of Jerusalem, but a few people escaped.
EZK	33	21	v51g	figs-activepassive		0	The city has been captured	The phrase “the city” refers to “Jerusalem.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Babylonians have destroyed Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	22	q98f	figs-metonymy		0	The hand of Yahweh had been on me	The word “hand” is often used to refer to someone’s power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh was controlling me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	22	hm5u	figs-idiom		0	my mouth was opened	This phrase is an idiom that means to be able to speak. It can be stated in active form. See how you translated “I will open your mouth” in [Ezekiel 3:27](../03/27.md). Alternate translation: “I was able to speak” or “Yahweh enabled me to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	22	inm6			0	dawn	The word “dawn” refers to the time early in the morning when the light of the sun first appears.
EZK	33	22	v9lp			0	I was no longer mute	“I was no longer forced to be silent” or “I was no longer unable to speak” Ezekiel had been unable to speak anything except prophetic words since [Ezekiel 3:26](../03/26.md).
EZK	33	23	n93e	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	24	y4yn			0	those ruins	Possible meanings are (1) “those ruined buildings” or (2) “those ruined cities”
EZK	33	24	db2d	figs-metaphor		0	he inherited the land	Yahweh giving the land to Abraham is spoken of as if Abraham inherited the land. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave him the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	33	24	h1ev			0	the land	“the land of Israel”
EZK	33	24	x6je	figs-activepassive		0	The land has been given to us	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has given us the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	24	g3xl	figs-abstractnouns		0	as a possession	The abstract noun “possession” can be stated as “possess.” Alternate translation: “so that we can possess it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	33	25	xgm2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about the people who were living in the ruins of Israel.
EZK	33	25	iui8	figs-explicit		0	You eat blood	It is implied that they eat blood by eating meat that still has blood in it. Yahweh had commanded them to drain out the blood. Alternate translation: “You eat meat with blood in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	33	25	il6d	figs-idiom		0	you lift up your eyes towards your idols	“you look to your idols” This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you worship your idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	25	dn3i	figs-metonymy		0	you pour out people’s blood	Here “blood” represents a person’s life. To pour out blood is an idiom that means to murder. Alternate translation: “you murder people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	25	b6mv	figs-rquestion		0	Should you really possess the land?	Yahweh used this question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “You should not possess this land!” or “You do not deserve this land!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	33	26	sg6t	figs-metonymy		0	You have depended on your swords	Here “swords” represent doing violent things. Alternate translation: “You have committed violent acts with your swords to get what you want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	26	rzc8			0	done disgusting things	“done things that I hate very much”
EZK	33	26	f3xi	figs-explicit		0	each man defiles his neighbor’s wife	It is implied that they defile their neighbor’s wives by sleeping with them. Alternate translation: “each man sleeps with his neighbor’s wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	33	27	mk9h			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about the people who were living in the ruins of Israel.
EZK	33	27	iv1s	figs-idiom		0	As I live	“As surely as I am alive.” Yahweh uses this expression to show that what he says next is certainly true. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	27	lsf9	figs-idiom		0	the ones in the ruins will fall by the sword	The phrase “fall by the sword” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “enemies will kill the ones living in the ruins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	33	27	ixw1			0	those in fortresses and in caves will die of plagues	“plagues will kill the people who live in fortresses and caves”
EZK	33	27	ssd1			0	fortresses	A fortress is a building that people build to protect themselves from enemies who attack them.
EZK	33	27	b74v			0	caves	Caves are natural holes in the side of a mountain or down in the ground. They are usually made of rock.
EZK	33	28	pga2	figs-metonymy		0	the pride of its might will end	The word “it” refers to the land, which refers to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “the people of the land will not be proud anymore that they are strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	28	e7dn	figs-activepassive		0	the mountains of Israel will be deserted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will live in the mountains of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	28	v97a			0	there will be no one to pass through them	“there will be no one left to travel through the land or over the mountains”
EZK	33	29	xsr3	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	33	29	wy3k	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the abominations that they have done	The abstract noun “abominations” can be stated as “things I hate.” Alternate translation: “all the things they have done that I hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	33	29	f9jn			0	they have done	“the people have done”
EZK	33	30	gev2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	33	30	sm9v			0	that comes out from Yahweh	“that Yahweh tells him to speak” or “that Yahweh gives him”
EZK	33	31	pn5s	figs-metonymy		0	Right words are in their mouths, but their hearts are going after unjust profit	Here “mouths” represent speaking. Possible meanings are (1) Alternate translation: “They speak about loving me, but their hearts are going after unjust profit” or (2) Alternate translation: “They speak about the things they lust after, and their hearts are going after unjust profit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	31	d3vr	figs-metonymy		0	their hearts are going after unjust profit	Here “hearts” represents desire. Alternate translation: “in their hearts they want to get their unjust profit” or “they desire to get things in ways that are not just” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	33	32	e4kq			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about the people of Israel.
EZK	33	32	aks2	figs-metonymy		0	you are like a lovely song to them	Here “you” refers to Ezekiel, and here he represents the message he speaks. This compares Ezekiel’s message to a lovely song, which means the people enjoy listening to him, but they do not think his message is important enough to obey. Alternate translation: “they think that your words are like a lovely song” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	33	32	c4k6			0	a lovely song	Possible meanings are (1) “a beautiful song” or (2) “a love song” or “a song about love.”
EZK	33	32	ra8c	figs-activepassive		0	that is well played on a stringed instrument	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that someone plays very well on a stringed instrument” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	33	32	b8sk			0	stringed instrument	something that has strings and people use to make music
EZK	33	33	z7bj			0	behold!	The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “indeed!”
EZK	33	33	h6fe			0	that a prophet has been among them	“that I really sent you as a prophet to them”
EZK	34	intro	lc2c			0		# Ezekiel 34 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God protects the people<br><br>God is against those who exploit others. He will protect and take care of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The people of Israel are compared to sheep and God and the son of David as good shepherds. This is a common metaphor in scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	1	uc2g	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	In chapter 34, Yahweh speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and the leaders of Israel were the shepherds that were supposed to care for the flock but have not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	1	bhs2	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	2	ej5p			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	34	2	vn6i	figs-metaphor		0	the shepherds of Israel	The leaders of Israel are spoken as if they were shepherds. They were supposed to take care of their people like shepherds take care of their flock. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Israel who are like shepherds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	2	g6f2	figs-metaphor		0	are shepherding themselves	The leaders taking care of themselves instead of the people are spoken of as if they were shepherding themselves. AT “are feeding and taking care of themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	2	ws9p	figs-rquestion		0	Should not shepherds guard the flock?	Yahweh uses this question to scold the leaders for not taking care of the people. Alternate translation: “Shepherds should feed the flock and take care of it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	34	3	q9ux	figs-metaphor		0	You eat the fatty portions…dress in wool	This continues speaking of the leaders of Israel as if they were bad shepherds that kill the best animals in their flock for food and clothing. Alternate translation: “You are like shepherds who eat the fatty portions…dress in wool” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	3	nel9	figs-explicit		0	You eat the fatty portions	The fatty portions come from the sheep and the goats. Alternate translation: “You eat the fatty parts of the sheep and goats” or “You eat the best parts of the sheep and goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	34	3	xv9g			0	dress in wool	“wear the wool from the sheep”
EZK	34	3	a41p			0	the fatlings	“the youngest and fattest sheep and goats”
EZK	34	3	w8nr			0	do not shepherd at all	“do not feed and take care of the flock”
EZK	34	4	gl47	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and the leaders of Israel as if they were shepherds who have not cared for the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	4	f6se			0	have diseases	Possible meanings are (1) “are sick” or (2) “are weak”
EZK	34	4	kdi1			0	You do not bind up the ones who are broken	“You do not wrap cloth around the broken bones of those who are wounded”
EZK	34	4	n8dd			0	the ones who are broken	“the sheep that have broken bones” or “the sheep that are injured”
EZK	34	4	jjd3			0	you do not restore	“you do not bring back”
EZK	34	4	n2a6			0	the outcasts	“the sheep that have been chased away” or “those that others have chased away”
EZK	34	4	ic6p	figs-ellipsis		0	the lost	The words “the sheep or goats” are left out of this phrase, but they are intended to be understood. Alternate translation: “the sheep or goats that are lost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	34	4	n448			0	through strength and violence	“forcefully and cruelly”
EZK	34	5	q6lk	figs-activepassive		0	Then they were scattered without a shepherd	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then they scattered because they did not have a shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	34	5	t7mq			0	they became food for all the living beasts in the fields	“all of the wild animals could attack and eat them”
EZK	34	6	hu66			0	it is dispersed over the entire surface of the earth	“my flock is spread out all over the earth”
EZK	34	7	br79	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and the leaders of Israel as if they were shepherds who have not cared for the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	7	leq1	figs-idiom		0	hear the word of Yahweh	This is an idiom that is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “listen to Yahweh’s message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	8	twl6	figs-activepassive		0	because my flock has become plunder and food for all the beasts in the fields	This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “because all the beasts in the fields steal my flock and eat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	34	8	b8xg			0	plunder	things that are stolen
EZK	34	8	yc8x	figs-hyperbole		0	all the beasts in the fields	Here “all” is a generalization that refers to all the wild animals that eat sheep. Alternate translation: “all the wild animals in the fields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	34	8	m4fy			0	because there was no shepherd	“because they did not have a shepherd”
EZK	34	8	thm4			0	none of my shepherds sought my flock	“none of my shepherds tried to find my flock”
EZK	34	8	zmc2			0	guarded themselves	“shepherded themselves” or “fed and cared for themselves”
EZK	34	8	cn7m			0	did not shepherd my flock	“did not feed and care for my flock”
EZK	34	9	n7p3	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and the leaders of Israel as if they were shepherds who have not cared for the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	9	k6pi	figs-idiom		0	hear the word of Yahweh	“listen to Yahweh’s message.” This is an idiom that is used to introduce a special message from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	10	tc6r	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	34	10	ygs2			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed!”
EZK	34	10	ejn3			0	I am against the shepherds	“I am opposed to the shepherds”
EZK	34	10	q2jt	figs-idiom		0	I will require my flock from their hand	The phrase “require…from their hand” is an idiom that means to hold or consider someone responsible for something. Alternate translation: “I will hold them responsible for all the bad things that happen to my flock” or “I will punish them for all the bad things they let happen to my flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	10	wm3e			0	I will dismiss them from shepherding the flock	“I will not let them shepherd the flock any longer” or “I will not let them be the shepherds of the flock any longer”
EZK	34	10	vs2t			0	shepherd themselves	“feed and take care of themselves”
EZK	34	10	e7dg	figs-metonymy		0	from their mouths	Here “mouths” represent eating. Alternate translation: “so they cannot eat them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	34	10	tzt6			0	my flock will no longer be food for them	“the shepherds will no longer eat the sheep and the goats of my flock”
EZK	34	11	b4w4	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep. Here he speaks of himself as if he were their shepherd and will take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	11	hn5p	figs-123person		0	For the Lord Yahweh says this	This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “For this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	34	11	l3df			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here alerts the shepherds to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	34	11	i1zl			0	will seek out	“will look for”
EZK	34	12	gt3a			0	within the midst of his scattered flock	“with his scattered flock”
EZK	34	12	hyn7	figs-explicit		0	they were scattered	It is implied that the animals in the flock scattered because they did not have a shepherd to care for them or protect them. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they scattered because they did not have a shepherd to care for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	34	12	vtv8	figs-metaphor		0	on the day of clouds and darkness	“on the cloudy and dark day.” Disasters are spoken of as if they were a day of darkness. Alternate translation: “when terrible disasters happened to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	13	n8pb			0	bring them	“bring my sheep and my goats” or “bring my flock”
EZK	34	13	g4u8			0	from among the peoples	“from the places where they lived with other peoples”
EZK	34	13	j5tp	figs-metaphor		0	I will put them in pastures…every settlement in the land	Yahweh bringing his people back from exile to their land so that he can care for them and keep them safe is spoken of as if he were their shepherd who puts his flock in a place where there is plenty of land, food, and water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	13	hy5g			0	pastures	land that has grass and small plants that sheep and goats can eat
EZK	34	13	z8xx			0	settlement	This is a place where people live. Usually they live in houses in a settlement.
EZK	34	14	f5pn	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the leaders of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep. Here he speaks of himself as their shepherd who will take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	14	j7q2			0	their grazing places	“places where they can eat”
EZK	34	14	i386			0	abundant pastures	“lands that have a lot of grass and plants to eat”
EZK	34	14	h7ir			0	graze	eat grass and other plants
EZK	34	15	zzp6	figs-rpronouns		0	I myself	The word “myself” adds emphasis. God would do this because the shepherds were not doing it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
EZK	34	15	l72w			0	will shepherd	“will feed and take care of”
EZK	34	16	u7yj	figs-ellipsis		0	the lost	The words “the sheep or goats” are left out of this phrase, but they are intended to be understood. Alternate translation: “the sheep or goats that are lost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	34	16	xgj4			0	restore the outcast	“bring back those that others have chased away”
EZK	34	16	fzy3			0	bind up the broken sheep	“wrap a cloth around any sheep’s broken bone” or “wrap a cloth around any sheep’s wound”
EZK	34	16	bi2r	figs-ellipsis		0	the fat and the strong	The word “sheep” is understood. Alternate translation: “the fat sheep and the strong sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	34	17	y2f2	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel his message. Now it is to the people of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and of himself as their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	17	ql1g			0	behold, I	“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important, I”
EZK	34	17	j47n			0	I will be a judge between sheep and sheep	“I will judge between one sheep and another”
EZK	34	17	iya2			0	rams and male goats	The male sheep and goats are usually the strongest in the flock and can get whatever they want from the other animals in the flock.
EZK	34	18	fhe3	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not enough…feet	God uses these questions to scold Israel’s leaders, who are spoken of as if they were the stronger animals in the flock that were unkind to the weaker ones. You can translate this as a statement as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	20	zs53	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and of himself as their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	20	fe7l	figs-123person		0	the Lord Yahweh says this	This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	34	20	ugv9			0	to them	“to my flock”
EZK	34	20	arq4			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed!”
EZK	34	20	aw86	figs-rpronouns		0	I myself	The word “myself” emphasizes that it is Yahweh who will judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
EZK	34	20	y9ed			0	will judge between the fat sheep and the thin ones	“will make sure that the fat sheep and goats and the skinny sheep and goats are treating each other fairly”
EZK	34	20	r517	figs-metaphor		0	the fat sheep and the thin ones	The leaders and strong people in Israel are spoken of as if they were fat and strong animals in the flock. The poor and weak people in Israel are spoken of as if they were the thin and weak animals in the flock. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	21	e6ay			0	for you	The word “you” refers to the sheep and goats that were not treating other sheep and goats well.
EZK	34	21	w19v			0	with your sides	“with the sides of your body”
EZK	34	21	kd1v			0	have gored	Possible meanings are (1) “have pushed” or “have shoved” (2) “have stabbed” or “have pierced”
EZK	34	21	i1u4			0	scattered them	“made them go in many different directions”
EZK	34	21	x7q3			0	away from the land	“away from the land of Israel”
EZK	34	22	w1gy	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and of himself as their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	22	e57g	figs-activepassive		0	they will no longer be plunder	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will not allow anyone to plunder them” or “I will not allow anyone to steal them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	34	22	j76i			0	will no longer be plunder	“will no longer be things that are stolen.” The shepherds and wild animals have been stealing the sheep and the goats from Yahweh’s flock.
EZK	34	23	imy5	figs-idiom		0	I will set over them one shepherd	The phrase “set over” is an idiom that means to cause a person to rule someone else. Alternate translation: “I will assign one shepherd to be in charge of my sheep and the goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	23	v2q3	figs-metonymy		0	my servant David	Here “David” refers to a descendant of David. Alternate translation: “a descendant of my servant David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	34	23	yh5c	figs-metaphor		0	He will shepherd them	The descendant of David who will be king over the people of Israel is spoken of as if he would be their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	25	st5z	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel. Yahweh continues speaking of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	25	re5l			0	a covenant of peace	“a covenant that brings peace”
EZK	34	25	qx55			0	the evil wild animals	These are wild animals that could kill the sheep and the goats.
EZK	34	26	rf54			0	I will also bring blessings on them and on the places around my hill	Some versions of the Bible translate this as “I will also turn them and the places around my hill into a blessing.”
EZK	34	26	dt1k	figs-explicit		0	my hill	This refers to Mount Zion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	34	26	pxq8			0	I will send out showers	“I will cause it to rain”
EZK	34	26	ky1q			0	in due season	“at the right time”
EZK	34	26	z13r			0	These will be showers of blessing	“This rain will be a blessing”
EZK	34	27	nw1h			0	the earth will yield its produce	“the earth will grow food” or “food will grow on the earth”
EZK	34	27	srq2			0	will be secure	“will be safe”
EZK	34	27	gz6y	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	34	27	y578	figs-metaphor		0	when I break the bars of their yoke	Slavery is spoken of as if it were a yoke that people wear like some animals. Alternate translation: “when I free them from being slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	34	27	c8kl	figs-metonymy		0	from the hand of those who enslaved them	Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the control of those who made them slaves” or “from those who made them slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	34	28	jtr1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel.
EZK	34	28	fz53	figs-metonymy		0	They will no longer be plunder for the nations	Here “nations” represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “The people of the nations will no longer steal from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	34	28	v7ul			0	plunder	These are things that are stolen or taken by force. See how you translated “plunder” in [Ezekiel 7:21](../07/21.md).
EZK	34	29	w9v8			0	be victims of famine	“be starved” or “be starving because of lack of food”
EZK	34	29	g731	figs-metonymy		0	they will not bear the scorn of the nations	Here “nations” represents the people of the nations. The abstract noun “scorn” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	34	30	s92f	figs-idiom		0	I, Yahweh their God, am with them	Here “I…am with them” is an idiom that means Yahweh helps them. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh their God, am helping them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	34	30	j3r4			0	with them. They are my people	This can be stated as one sentence. Alternate translation: “with them, and that they are my people”
EZK	34	31	r38j	figs-metaphor		0	For you are my sheep, the flock of my pasture	This speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and Yahweh is their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	35	intro	nzj1			0		# Ezekiel 35 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Edom<br><br>Because the people of Edom rejoiced at the destruction of Israel, they too will be destroyed.
EZK	35	1	e4ea			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak a prophecy. Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir, but the message is for all of the people of Edom.
EZK	35	1	ir7d	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	35	2	dl8l			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	35	2	pzl8	translate-symaction		0	set your face against Mount Seir	Mount Seir was far away, so Ezekiel could not see it, but Yahweh commands him to stare in that direction as a symbol of harming the people there. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 6:2](../06/02.md). Alternate translation: “turn toward Mount Seir and stare” or “stare toward Mount Seir so that the people there will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	35	2	xr3k	figs-personification		0	Mount Seir and prophesy against it	“the mountain of Seir.” Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to Mount Seir as if it could hear him. The message is for all of the people of Edom. Alternate translation: “Mount Seir and prophesy against it because of what the people of Edom have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	35	3	c8g8			0	to it	“to the mountain” or “to the people of Edom”
EZK	35	3	mle2	figs-personification		0	Behold! I am against you, Mount Seir, and I will strike you with my hand and make you a desolation and a waste	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to Mount Seir as if it could hear him. The message is for all of the people of Edom. Alternate translation: “Listen, Mount Seir, I will strike you with my hand and make you a desolation and a waste because of what your people did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	35	3	dn2p			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Listen!” or “Indeed!”
EZK	35	3	sjk1			0	I am against you	“I am your enemy” or “I oppose you”
EZK	35	3	a49m	figs-metonymy		0	I will strike you with my hand	Here “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “I will use my power to strike you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	35	3	s7v8	figs-abstractnouns		0	make you a desolation	The abstract noun “desolation” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “make you desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	35	4	yv3y			0	General Information:	This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message is for all the people of Edom.
EZK	35	4	t23n	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	35	5	ix3r	figs-metaphor		0	you poured them out into the hands of the sword	Possible meanings of this metaphor are (1) “you gave them over to their enemies who killed them with swords” or (2) “you killed them with swords.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	35	5	mv7g			0	at the time of their distress	“at a time of disaster”
EZK	35	6	ax82	figs-metonymy		0	I will prepare you for bloodshed	Here “bloodshed” is a metonym for killing. Alternate translation: “I will make it easy for your enemies to kill many of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	35	6	rj8w	figs-personification		0	bloodshed will pursue you	Here “bloodshed” is a metonym for killing. Yahweh speaks of bloodshed as if it were a person who could chase them. Alternate translation: “your enemies will chase you down and kill you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	35	6	sr9i	figs-metonymy		0	Since you did not hate bloodshed	Here “bloodshed” is a metonym for killing. Alternate translation: “Since you did not hate it when enemies brutally killed the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	35	7	a6in			0	General Information:	This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message is for all the people of Edom.
EZK	35	7	hhc6	figs-metaphor		0	when I cut off from it anyone who passes through and returns again	Possible meanings are (1) “cut off” is a metaphor that means to destroy. Alternate translation: “I will destroy anyone who enters it or leaves it” or (2) “cut off” is a metaphor that means to stop someone from doing something. Alternate translation: “I will make it so that people do not travel back and forth through it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	35	8	wbp9	figs-activepassive		0	those who were killed by the sword	Here “sword” represents enemies who fought them in battle. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:17](../31/17.md). Alternate translation: “those whom enemies have killed with swords” or “those who have died in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	35	9	xx8k	figs-hyperbole		0	a perpetual desolation	“desolate forever.” This may be an exaggeration to emphasize the destruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	35	9	hy7l	figs-activepassive		0	Your cities will not be inhabited	This can be stated in active form. This may be an exaggeration for emphasis. Alternate translation: “People will not live in your cities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZK	35	9	i7gc	figs-you		0	but you will know	Here “you” is plural. God is speaking to the people of Mount Seir, rather than to a single mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	35	10	h112			0	General Information:	This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message is for all the people of Edom.
EZK	35	10	i7s4	figs-personification		0	You have said	The word “You” refers to the mountain of Seir. Ezekiel is to speak to the mountain as if it can hear him. The message is for the people of Edom. Alternate translation: “Your people said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	35	10	zmt2			0	these two lands	“the lands of Israel and Judah”
EZK	35	10	cb3b			0	will become mine	The word “mine” can be stated in plural form. Alternate translation: “will become ours”
EZK	35	10	we2l			0	we	The word “we” refers to the people of Edom.
EZK	35	10	dw47	figs-explicit		0	even when Yahweh was present with them	It is implied that Yahweh was protecting Israel and Judah. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh was there protecting Israel and Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	35	11	d51p			0	I will do according to your anger and according to your jealousy	Possible meanings are (1) “I will punish you because of your anger and jealousy” or (2) “just as you acted against the people of Israel with anger and jealousy, I will act against you with anger and jealousy.”
EZK	35	12	k1s3			0	General Information:	This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message is for all the people of Edom.
EZK	35	12	y3tw	figs-synecdoche		0	against the mountains of Israel	Here “mountains” represents the whole land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	35	12	wts3	figs-activepassive		0	They have been destroyed	This phrase can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They are in ruins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	35	12	uc8j	figs-metaphor		0	they have been given over to us to devour	The people of Mount Seir taking the land of Israel and using it for themselves is spoken of as if they were wild animals that would devour the mountains of Israel. Alternate translation: “they are here for us to devour” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	35	14	yi17			0	General Information:	This continues the message that Ezekiel is to speak to Mount Seir. The message is for all the people of Edom.
EZK	35	14	rhr8	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “This is what I, the Lord Yahweh, say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	35	14	w5h5	figs-personification		0	I will make you a desolation	Here “you” refers to Mount Seir, but the message is for the people of Edom. The abstract noun “desolation” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Because of what your people did I will make you desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	35	14	bfc7	figs-metonymy		0	the entire earth rejoices	Here “earth” represents the people of the earth. The word “entire” is a generalization that refers only to people near Mount Seir. Alternate translation: “people who know that I have destroyed you rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	35	15	zg6c	figs-metaphor		0	As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the people of Israel because of its desolation	This speaks of the land that Yahweh gave to the Israelites as their inheritance. Alternate translation: “As you rejoiced when I made the land of the Israelites desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	35	15	et5r			0	I will do the same to you	Possible meanings are (1) I will make your land desolate” or (2) “I will rejoice when your land is desolate” or (3) “I will make other people rejoice because of your desolation.”
EZK	35	15	d1la			0	Then they will know	The word “they” possibly refers to (1) “the people of the earth” or (2) “the people of Israel and Judah.”
EZK	36	intro	i2lt			0		# Ezekiel 36 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel restored<br><br>Israel is promised to be restored by Yahweh. Because of his honor, God will bring Israel back to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])<br><br>### New hearts<br><br>God will forgive Israel’s sin and give them the desire to obey him. This is expressed by the metonym “heart.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
EZK	36	1	aj63			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak a prophecy. Ezekiel is to speak to the mountains of Israel, but the message is for all of the people of Israel.
EZK	36	1	zh9m			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	36	1	td84	figs-personification		0	prophesy to the mountains of Israel	God wants Ezekiel to speak to the mountains as if they were people. The message is for the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	36	2	k2eq			0	Aha	This is an expression of joy. It can be translated as “I am very happy” or “This is great.”
EZK	36	2	zb5m			0	The ancient high places	“The very old mountains.” This refers to the high mountains of Israel.
EZK	36	2	zf4b			0	have become our possession	“now belong to us”
EZK	36	3	i87p	figs-abstractnouns		0	Because of your desolation	The abstract noun “desolation” can be stated as “desolate.” Alternate translation: “Because you, mountains of Israel, have become desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	36	3	iz4b			0	because of the attacks that came on you from all sides	“because you were attacked from every direction” or “because your enemies attacked you from every direction”
EZK	36	3	x8k1	figs-synecdoche		0	you have been the subject of slanderous lips and tongues, and of people’s stories	Here, “lips” and “tongues” represent people speaking. Alternate translation: “people are saying bad things about you, and the nations are telling bad stories about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	36	4	hxl1	translate-versebridge		0	General Information:	This continues the message that Yahweh tells Ezekiel to speak to the mountains of Israel. The message is for all of the people of Israel. It may be helpful to use a verse bridge here, as the UST does, to arrange the text in a more logical order. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
EZK	36	4	ig1c			0	listen to the word of the Lord Yahweh	“listen to the message of the Lord Yahweh”
EZK	36	4	bmf4	figs-abstractnouns		0	the uninhabited desolations	The abstract noun “desolations” can be stated as “desolate cities.” Alternate translation: “the desolate cities which have no people living in them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	36	4	f5ii	figs-activepassive		0	the forsaken cities	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cities that people have left behind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	4	d53g			0	that have become plunder	“that enemies have stolen from”
EZK	36	5	wpy5	figs-metaphor		0	in the fire of my fury	This speaks of Yahweh’s fury as if it were a fire. Yahweh loves Israel very much, so he becomes jealous and angry when other nations mock it. Alternate translation: “because of my intense jealousy” or “because of my very strong anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	5	s5ej			0	against Edom and all	“and against all of Edom”
EZK	36	5	suz3	figs-metonymy		0	had both joy in their heart and disdain in their spirit, as they seized my land	Here “heart” and “spirit” represent a person’s inner being. The ideas of having joy and disdain can be expressed with the verbs “rejoiced” and “despised.” Alternate translation: “who despised the people of Israel and rejoiced while they took my land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	6	i6q1			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed!”
EZK	36	6	tf39	figs-doublet		0	In my fury and in my anger	The words “fury” and “anger” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize the intensity of his anger. Alternate translation: “Because I am extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	36	6	ia8c			0	you have borne the insults of nations	“other nations have insulted you” or “other nations have mocked you”
EZK	36	7	wz6n			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh’s message to the mountains of Israel. The message is intended for the people of Israel.
EZK	36	7	knz2	translate-symaction		0	I myself will lift up my hand to swear	Here “lift up my hand” is a symbolic action that shows he will truly do what he has sworn to do. Alternate translation: “I solemnly swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	36	7	p342	figs-metaphor		0	that the nations that surround you will certainly carry their own shame	The people experiencing shame are spoken of as if they will carry their shame. Alternate translation: “that people will certainly mock the nations that surround you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	7	udb7			0	surround you	The word “you” refers to the mountains of Israel.
EZK	36	8	v318			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh’s message to the mountains of Israel. The message is intended for the people of Israel.
EZK	36	8	d5fx	figs-synecdoche		0	you will grow branches and bear fruit	Here “you” refers to the mountain of Israel which here represents the trees on the mountain that will grow fruit. Alternate translation: “your trees will grow branches and bear fruit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	36	9	ka3m			0	behold, I	“pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I”
EZK	36	9	e5yn			0	I am for you	“I want to do good things to you.” The word “you” refers to the mountains of Israel.
EZK	36	9	qr1h			0	I treat you with favor	“I will be kind to you”
EZK	36	9	a9fa	figs-activepassive		0	you will be plowed and sown with seed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my people, Israel, will plow your ground and sow it with seed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	10	wu8t			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh’s message to the mountains of Israel. The message is intended for the people of Israel.
EZK	36	10	a95f	figs-explicit		0	So I will multiply upon you	Yahweh is speaking to the mountains. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “So, mountains of Israel, I will multiply upon you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	36	10	p4xl	figs-metonymy		0	even the whole house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “all of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	10	anb9	figs-activepassive		0	The cities will be inhabited and the ruins rebuilt	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then people will live in the cities and will rebuild the ruins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	11	il6z	figs-idiom		0	they will multiply and be fruitful	Here “be fruitful” is an idiom that means to have many children and descendants. Alternate translation: “they will become very many people and have very many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	36	11	xi5w	figs-activepassive		0	you to be inhabited as you previously were	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people to live on you mountains as they did before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	11	b944	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	36	12	i87i	figs-metaphor		0	They will possess you, and you will be their inheritance	The people living in the mountains and land of Israel permanently is spoke of as if the people would inherit them. Alternate translation: “They will possess you permanently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	12	eb3n	figs-explicit		0	you will no longer cause their children to die	It is implied that in the past children died because there was not enough food in the land. Now the land would produce enough food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	36	13	ia34			0	General Information:	This continues Yahweh’s message to the mountains of Israel. The message is meant for the people of Israel.
EZK	36	13	c4q5			0	they are saying to you	“other nations are saying to you mountains”
EZK	36	13	vyl3	figs-metaphor		0	You devour men	Not enough food growing in Israel so that people die is spoken of as if the mountains of Israel were devouring the people. Alternate translation: “You cause many people to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	13	sn2d			0	bereaving your nation of children	“you cause your people’s children to die”
EZK	36	14	db67	figs-metaphor		0	you will not consume people any longer	Not enough food growing in Israel so that people die is spoken of as if the mountains of Israel were consuming the people. Alternate translation: “you will no longer cause the people to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	14	m67b	figs-123person		0	This is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “This is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “This is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	36	15	e66b	figs-personification		0	Nor will I allow you to hear the insults of the nations any longer	This speaks of the mountains as if they were able to hear when people insult them. Alternate translation: “I will no longer allow the other nations to insult you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	36	15	ki16	figs-personification		0	you will no longer have to bear the shame of the peoples	Experiencing shame is spoken of as if the mountains could bear shame. Alternate translation: “the peoples will no longer cause you to feel ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	16	nah7	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	36	17	cn2k			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	36	17	i756	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	17	y7fu			0	with their ways and their deeds	“by the way they lived and the things they did”
EZK	36	17	ju92	figs-simile		0	Their ways were like the unclean menstruation of a woman before me	This compares how the people behaved to a woman’s unclean menstruation rags. This emphasizes how disgusting their behaviors were to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Their ways were as disgusting to me as the unclean menstruation of a woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	36	17	de9m			0	menstruation of a woman	the time every month when a woman bleeds from her womb
EZK	36	18	fp47	figs-metaphor		0	I poured out my fury against them	Yahweh punishing people because he is angry is spoken of as if his fury were a liquid that he poured out. Alternate translation: “I did things to them that showed how angry I was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	18	k9wm	figs-idiom		0	for the blood that they poured out on the land	This is an idiom that refers to killing someone. Alternate translation: “because they made the blood of many people spill onto the land” or “because they murdered many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	36	18	i8xk	figs-metaphor		0	for their pollution of it by their idols	The people worshiping idols is spoken of as if the idols made the land physically dirty. Alternate translation: “because they defiled the land with their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	19	ky84			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about Israel.
EZK	36	19	z49i	figs-parallelism		0	I scattered them among the nations; they were dispersed through the lands	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 12:15](../12/15.md). Alternate translation: “I caused them to separate and live in separate lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZK	36	19	eyv2	figs-activepassive		0	they were dispersed through the lands	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I dispersed them through the lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	19	m94f	figs-doublet		0	their ways and their deeds	Here “ways” and “deeds” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “the things that they have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	36	20	k2jy	figs-metonymy		0	they profaned my holy name	Here “name” represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate translation: “they mocked me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	20	z53t			0	when people	“because other people said”
EZK	36	20	h8wp	figs-rquestion		0	Are these really the people of Yahweh?	The people use a question to express their surprise at what they saw. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe these are really the people of Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	36	20	j96q	figs-activepassive		0	For they have been thrown out of his land	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh has forced them out of his land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	20	n86s			0	his land	This refers to the land of Israel.
EZK	36	21	yx4c	figs-metonymy		0	But I had compassion for my holy name that the house of Israel had defiled among the nations, when they went there	Here “name” represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate translation: “When the house of Israel went among the nations, they caused me disgrace, but I wanted people to know that I am holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	21	vax8			0	I had compassion for my holy name	“I cared about my holy name”
EZK	36	21	yc8n	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	22	ax3g			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel, and he gives him a message to Israel.
EZK	36	22	e8nj	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	22	e71m			0	for your sake	“because of you” or “in order to help you”
EZK	36	22	d6en	figs-metonymy		0	but for my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations everywhere you have gone	Here “name” represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate translation: “but so that the people of the nations, who mock me because of you, will know that I am holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	22	kw1p			0	you have profaned among the nations everywhere you have gone	“you have caused the people of the nations to mock everywhere you have gone”
EZK	36	24	h35x			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	36	25	w5ba	figs-metaphor		0	I will sprinkle pure water on you so you will be purified from all of your impurities, and I will purify you from all of your idols	Yahweh forgiving the people and causing them to no longer sin is spoken of as if he would cleanse them with water. The phrase “you will be purified” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will purify you as if I were sprinkling you with pure water, and I will cause you to stop worshiping idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	25	vwg9			0	all of your impurities	“all the things that made you unclean”
EZK	36	26	sqa4			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	36	26	d81b	figs-metaphor		0	I will give you a new heart and a new spirit in your innermost parts, and I will take away the heart of stone from your flesh. For I will give you a heart of flesh	Yahweh causing the people to no longer be stubborn but to love and serve Yahweh is spoken of as if he will take away their old heart and give them a new heart and spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	26	hzb2			0	a new heart and a new spirit	Here “heart” and “spirit” represent a person’s thoughts, attitudes, and emotions. See how you translated “heart” and “spirit” in [Ezekiel 11:19](../11/19.md).
EZK	36	26	rk5y			0	in your innermost parts	“within you” or “inside of you”
EZK	36	26	al9g	figs-metaphor		0	the heart of stone	This speaks of people being stubborn as if their hearts were made of stone. See how you translated “stone heart” in [Ezekiel 11:19](../11/19.md). Alternate translation: “the heart that is as hard as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	26	t2ab			0	your flesh	“your body”
EZK	36	26	f9ag	figs-metaphor		0	a heart of flesh	People being willing to serve Yahweh is spoken of as if their hearts were soft like flesh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:19](../11/19.md). Alternate translation: “a heart that is soft like flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	27	u62l	figs-metaphor		0	enable you to walk in my statutes	A person acting or behaving in a certain way is spoken of is if it were a person walking. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md). Alternate translation: “enable you to obey my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	29	e1de			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	36	29	ct8f	figs-metaphor		0	For I will save you from all of your uncleanness	Something that is unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. Alternate translation: “For I will save you from everything that made me reject you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	29	xjw7	figs-personification		0	I will summon the grain	“I will call the grain to come.” This phrase presents the grain as a servant of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will cause there to be grain in the land of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZK	36	29	b8fw	figs-metaphor		0	I will no longer put famine upon you	Yahweh causing a famine in the land is spoken of as if he put famine on the people. Alternate translation: “I will no longer cause there to be a famine” or “I will no longer cause there to be no food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	30	a3wr	figs-metaphor		0	you will no longer bear the shame of famine among the nations	Experiencing shame is spoken of as if the people had to carry the shame. Alternate translation: “the nations will no longer make you feel ashamed because you suffer from famine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	32	d98m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	36	32	eh72	figs-activepassive		0	let this be known to you	“know this” or “you can be sure of this.” Yahweh says this to emphasize that it is not because the people are good that he will restore them. This phrase can be moved to the beginning of the verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	32	r8xf	figs-doublet		0	So be ashamed and disgraced	The words “ashamed” and “disgraced” share similar meanings. Together they emphasize the intensity of the shame. Alternate translation: “So be very ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	36	32	j3jd			0	because of your ways	“because of what you do”
EZK	36	32	fy8l	figs-metonymy		0	house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	34	mf46			0	you will plow the ruined land	“you will farm the ruined land”
EZK	36	34	g51f	figs-metonymy		0	before the eyes of all who pass by	The eyes represent sight. Alternate translation: “to those who pass by and see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	36	35	yki1			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Israel.
EZK	36	35	d5pg			0	Then they	The word “they” refers to the people who walk through the land of Israel.
EZK	36	35	akk1			0	the uninhabited ruins	“the ruins that no one lived in”
EZK	36	35	iu1m	figs-activepassive		0	that were torn down	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) Alternate translation: “that enemies had torn down” or (2) Alternate translation: “that people could not get into” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	35	n817	figs-activepassive		0	are now fortified and inhabited	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people have now rebuilt them and have started living there again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	36	bq7c			0	that I built up the ruins	“and that I built up the cities that enemies had torn down”
EZK	36	36	k9l8			0	replanted the abandoned places	“planted crops in the desolate land”
EZK	36	37	ei5b			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	36	37	qz48	figs-metonymy		0	I will be asked by the house of Israel	Here “house” represents people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel will ask me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	37	l77n	figs-metaphor		0	to increase them like a flock of people	Yahweh causing the people to multiply greatly and quickly is spoken of as if they were a flock of sheep. Sheep multiply very quickly. Alternate translation: “to make them multiply like a flock of sheep” or “to make the people multiply quickly like sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	36	38	e5pt	figs-activepassive		0	Like the flock is set apart for sacrifices, like the flock in Jerusalem at her appointed feasts	The phrase “is set apart” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Like the great number of sheep that the people set apart for sacrifices or bring to Jerusalem for the appointed feasts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	36	38	g2vl	figs-metaphor		0	so will the ruined cities be filled with flocks of people	This speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so will the great number of people be who will be living in the cities that are now ruined but the people will rebuild” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	37	intro	y7ac			0		# Ezekiel 37 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel restored<br>God will unite the two kingdoms of Israel and Judah and the Messiah will rule over them. This will come in a prophesied day of restoration. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The people are discouraged and compare themselves to skeletons, but God will cause them to become a nation again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	37	1	l68y			0	General Information:	Ezekiel is speaking.
EZK	37	1	pqu1	figs-metonymy		0	The hand of Yahweh was upon me	The word “hand” is often used to refer to someone’s power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh was controlling me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	1	j93q			0	in the midst	“in the middle”
EZK	37	2	g6gr			0	round and round	“in every direction”
EZK	37	2	u57b			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	37	3	h9dr			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	37	4	q2pi			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Ezekiel.
EZK	37	4	idv1			0	Listen to the word of Yahweh	“Listen to Yahweh’s message”
EZK	37	5	i1nm			0	Behold	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
EZK	37	5	ns2x			0	to put breath into you	The noun “breath” can be stated as the verb “breathe.” Alternate translation: “I will cause you to breathe”
EZK	37	5	xr2z			0	breath	The Hebrew word translated as “breath” in these verses is translated as “spirit” by a few modern versions. It is also translated as “wind” in [Ezekiel 37:9](../37/09.md).
EZK	37	6	z7hm			0	sinews	the tissue that connects muscles to bones
EZK	37	6	q7zv	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	37	7	t8kw			0	General Information:	Ezekiel is speaking.
EZK	37	7	b696	figs-activepassive		0	as I was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh had commanded me to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	37	7	c2cu			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	37	8	nh22			0	sinews	This refers to the parts of human bodies that are like hard strings and hold the bones and muscles together. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 37:6](../37/06.md).
EZK	37	8	h4m2			0	But there was still no breath in them	The noun “breath” can be stated as the verb “breathing.” Alternate translation: “But they were not breathing” or “But they were not alive”
EZK	37	9	nv4f			0	the breath	Possible meanings are: (1) “breath” or (2) “spirit” or (3) “wind.”
EZK	37	9	un53	figs-idiom		0	from the four winds	“from the four directions that the wind can blow in.” This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “from every direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	37	9	j4v7	figs-activepassive		0	these who have been killed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “these people that enemies and disasters have killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	37	10	mfz1	figs-activepassive		0	as I was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh had commanded me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	37	11	g4u1	figs-metonymy		0	the entire house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	11	bx5a			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “Indeed!”
EZK	37	11	exq9	figs-metaphor		0	We have been cut off	The people being destroyed and removed from their land is spoken of as if they had been cut off like a person would cut off a branch or piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “Our nation is destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	37	12	yi78	figs-metaphor		0	I will open your graves and lift you out from them	Yahweh restoring the people and bringing them back to their land is spoken of as if he will bring them back to life again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	37	13	ux9z			0	General Information:	These are Yahweh’s words to the house of Israel.
EZK	37	14	gn8x			0	to rest in your land	“to live peacefully in your own land”
EZK	37	14	fz8x	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	37	15	ck45	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	37	16	anu2			0	For Judah	Here “For” means “representing.” Alternate translation: “Representing Judah” or “Belonging to Judah”
EZK	37	16	q4el	figs-synecdoche		0	Judah	The tribe of Judah lived in the southern kingdom of Israel which was called Judah. Here the name is used to refer to the whole southern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	37	16	fbx2			0	the people of Israel, his companions	This refers to the Israelites who lived in the southern kingdom of Judah. Alternate translation: “all the tribes of Judah” or “the tribes of Israel who are part of the kingdom of Judah”
EZK	37	16	bsf9	figs-synecdoche		0	For Joseph, the branch of Ephraim	Joseph was Ephraim’s father. The tribe of Ephraim lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. Here the names are used to represent the whole northern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	37	16	c2dw			0	all the people of Israel, their companions	This refers to the Israelites who lived in the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the tribes of Israel” or “the Israelites who were part of the kingdom of Israel”
EZK	37	17	bud9			0	into one stick	“so that they become one stick”
EZK	37	18	rb8m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	37	18	tm25			0	what these things of yours mean	“what your sticks mean” or “why you have these sticks”
EZK	37	19	yen5			0	Behold!	This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate translation: “Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	37	19	j32z	figs-metonymy		0	the branch of Joseph	“the stick of Joseph.” This represents the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	19	fg3s	figs-metonymy		0	that is in the hand of Ephraim	The word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “that is in the power of Ephraim” or “that the tribe of Ephraim rules over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	19	c3zl			0	the tribes of Israel his companions	“the other tribes of Israel who are his companions” or “the other tribes of Israel who are part of that kingdom”
EZK	37	19	pkm7	figs-metonymy		0	the branch of Judah	“the stick of Judah.” This represents the kingdom of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	20	bc67	figs-synecdoche		0	before their eyes	Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while they watched you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	37	21	lrq2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	37	21	qmj9			0	Behold!	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	37	23	gjq8			0	they will be my people and I will be their God	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md).
EZK	37	24	j5u8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel.
EZK	37	24	n6lq	figs-metonymy		0	David my servant	Yahweh said “David” to refer to a descendant of David. See how you translated “my servant David” in [Ezekiel 34:23](../34/23.md). Alternate translation: “A descendant of my servant David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	37	24	k8cn	figs-metaphor		0	one shepherd over them	This speaks of a king ruling a people as if he were a shepherd leading sheep. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 34:23](../34/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	37	24	x1wf			0	over them	“over the people of Israel”
EZK	37	24	d25p	figs-metaphor		0	will walk according to my decrees	This speaks of acting or behaving in a certain way as if it were a person walking. Alternate translation: “will live as I have commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	37	25	ccr6			0	had stayed	“had lived”
EZK	37	26	pp6d			0	General Information:	Yahweh is speaking about the people of Israel.
EZK	37	26	iby5			0	I will establish	“I will set up” or “I will create”
EZK	37	26	x8gl			0	a covenant of peace	“a covenant that brings peace.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 34:25](../34/25.md).
EZK	37	26	py7v	figs-explicit		0	I will establish them	It was implied that Yahweh would establish them in the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will set them in the land of Israel” or “I will cause them to live securely in the land of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	37	26	n6dd			0	multiply them	“cause their people to increase in number”
EZK	37	26	ad1d			0	my holy place	“my holy sanctuary” or “my holy temple”
EZK	37	26	x4w7			0	in their midst	“among them”
EZK	37	27	lwv7			0	My dwelling place	“The place where I live”
EZK	37	27	srg8			0	I will be their God, and they will be my people	See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 11:20](../11/20.md).
EZK	38	intro	fn3k			0		# Ezekiel 38 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section prophesying against Gog. Later Gog will try to conquer Israel.
EZK	38	1	y6kr	figs-idiom		0	The word of Yahweh came	This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	38	2	er1m	translate-symaction		0	set your face toward Gog, the land of Magog, the chief prince…Tubal	This is a command to stare at Gog and Magog as a symbol of punishing the people there. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: “Stare at the land of Magog and at Gog, the chief prince…Tubal” or “Stare at Gog, the chief prince…Tubal, and at the land of Magog so that they will be harmed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	38	2	f2v4	figs-metonymy		0	set your face	Here “face” is a metonym for attention or gaze, and “set your face” represents staring. Alternate translation: “stare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	2	ugx2	figs-explicit		0	Gog, the land of Magog	It is implied that Magog is the land over which Gog rules. Alternate translation: “Gog who rules over the land of Magog” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	38	2	e6y7	translate-names		0	Gog	This is the name of a leader or king who ruled in the land of Magog. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	38	2	v7t6			0	Magog	This is the name of an ancient nation that was probably located in the land that is now Turkey. Magog might be the ancient nation of Lydia.
EZK	38	2	sz93	figs-explicit		0	the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal	This expression occurs twice in these verses. Some modern versions, however, interpret the Hebrew expression as “the chief of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal.” This is another title for Gog. Alternate translation: “who is the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	38	2	r1k4			0	Meshech…Tubal	See how you translated these names in [Ezekiel 32:26](../32/26.md).
EZK	38	3	aqh7			0	Behold!	This emphasizes the importance of the statement that follows. It can be translated as “Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	38	3	w9nd	figs-idiom		0	I am against you	This idiom means “I am your enemy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	38	4	l3f7			0	General Information:	These verses list the various nations who will join Gog’s army.
EZK	38	4	pje8			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to Gog.
EZK	38	4	g7yk	figs-metaphor		0	set hooks in your jaw	Here “hooks in your jaw” represents God’s control over Gog. People put hooks in the mouths of animals so that they could lead the animals wherever they wanted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	38	4	pks1			0	in full armor…holding swords	These phrases describe an army that is ready for battle.
EZK	38	5	j8a5			0	with shields and helmets	This phrase describes an army that is ready for battle.
EZK	38	6	v89p			0	Gomer	a nation that lived north of the Black Sea
EZK	38	6	t2fm			0	Beth Togarmah	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:14](../27/14.md).
EZK	38	7	r33b			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to Gog.
EZK	38	7	aiw5			0	your troops assembled with you	“all of your troops that you have gathered to yourself” or “all of your army that you have brought together for yourself”
EZK	38	8	j5c1	figs-activepassive		0	You will be called	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will call you to come for war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	38	8	qh5r	figs-metonymy		0	recovered from the sword	Here the “sword” represents war. Alternate translation: “recovered from war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	8	ttc8	figs-activepassive		0	that has been gathered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have gathered together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	38	8	ib3x			0	from many peoples	“from many nations”
EZK	38	8	ayw9			0	a continuous ruin	“destroyed for a long time”
EZK	38	8	vjl9	figs-activepassive		0	the land’s people will be brought out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will bring the Israelites out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	38	9	evz1	figs-simile		0	you will go up as a storm goes	This simile means Gog will bring destruction like a large storm does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	38	9	rk79	figs-simile		0	a cloud covering the land	This simile means the army will be so large that it will cover the entire land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	38	10	q5ud			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to Gog.
EZK	38	10	fbh4			0	on that day that	“at that time”
EZK	38	10	k46y	figs-doublet		0	plans will form in your heart…you will devise wicked schemes	These phrases mean the same thing and can be combined into a single phrase. Alternate translation: “you will plan to do something very evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	38	10	dyu8	figs-metonymy		0	plans will form in your heart	Here “heart” refers to his thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will think of plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	11	d5i1	figs-synecdoche		0	I will	Gog will not do these things alone. His army will do most of them. Alternate translation: “My army and I will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	38	11	l5sf			0	the open land	The following phrases explain that this refers to a land without walls or bars or gates.
EZK	38	12	jp1c	figs-doublet		0	capture booty and steal plunder	These phrases mean the same thing and can be combined into a single phrase. Alternate translation: “take away all their valuable possessions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	38	12	hq4u	figs-metonymy		0	bring my hand	Here “hand” refers to Gog’s military power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	12	ib94	figs-metonymy		0	against the ruins	Here “ruins” refers to the people who live in the destroyed cities. Alternate translation: “against the people who live in the ruins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	12	s6jh			0	at the center of the earth	“in the middle of the most important countries in the world”
EZK	38	13	p34k			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues speaking to Gog.
EZK	38	13	p8xz			0	Sheba	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 27:22](../27/22.md).
EZK	38	13	w24u			0	Dedan	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 25:13](../25/13.md).
EZK	38	13	zl51	figs-rquestion		0	Have you come to plunder? Have you assembled your armies…to haul away much plunder?	These two questions are used to accuse Gog of attacking Israel without cause. These can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “It is not right for you to assemble your army to plunder, to carry off silver and gold, to take their livestock and property, and to haul away much plunder!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	38	13	kc59	figs-doublet		0	to take their livestock and property…to haul away much plunder	These phrases have similar meaning and can be combined into a single phrase. Alternate translation: “to take away their livestock and all their valuable possessions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	38	14	ij47			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh tells Ezekiel what he is to say to Gog.
EZK	38	14	p7li			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	38	14	tne1	figs-rquestion		0	On that day…learn about them?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that Gog will indeed hear about the people living in Israel. Alternate translation: “On that day, when my people Israel are living securely, you will hear about them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	38	16	rg6b	figs-simile		0	like a cloud that covers the land	This simile means the army will be so large that it will cover the entire land. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 38:9](../38/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZK	38	16	yc4c			0	In the latter days	This refers to the distant future before the world ends. Alternate translation: “In the last days” or “At the end of time” or “In the distant future”
EZK	38	16	a64a			0	In the latter days…to be holy before their eyes	All the nations will understand that Yahweh is holy when they see what he does to Gog.
EZK	38	16	v8yu			0	might know me	“might know who I am”
EZK	38	17	kze5			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues telling Ezekiel what he is to say to Gog.
EZK	38	17	ax3d	figs-rquestion		0	Are you not the one…bring you against them?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he was the one who brought Gog to the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “You are the one…bring you against them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	38	17	q4ic			0	of whom I spoke	“that I spoke about”
EZK	38	17	mr69			0	in former days	“in the past” or “a long time ago”
EZK	38	17	ul36	figs-metonymy		0	by the hand of my servants	Here “hand” refers to the fact that these prophets wrote down Yahweh’s message. Alternate translation: “by means of my servants” or “through my servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	17	xvf1			0	against them	“against the people of Israel”
EZK	38	18	rv8e	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	38	18	ae9z	figs-metaphor		0	my wrath will mount up in my anger	Here “mount up” means “rise up” and expresses that his wrath will increase. The words “wrath” and “anger” mean the same thing and emphasize how intense his anger will be. Alternate translation: “my anger will greatly increase” or “I will be very angry with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	38	19	q581			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message about Gog.
EZK	38	19	j5u1			0	In my zeal	Here “zeal” refers to Yahweh’s desire to defend his honor against Gog’s attacks.
EZK	38	19	edr8	figs-metaphor		0	in the fire of my anger	The intensity of Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were as hot as fire. Alternate translation: “because my anger was intense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	38	20	dxl2	figs-activepassive		0	The mountains will be thrown down	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will make mountains fall down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	38	21	vbk4	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message about Gog. He speaks of the people of Gog as if they were one man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	38	21	r65t	figs-metonymy		0	I will summon a sword against him	The word “sword” here is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate translation: “I will cause soldiers to attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	21	j5w2	figs-metonymy		0	each man’s sword will be against his brother	Here “sword” is a metonym for the person who uses the sword to fight. Alternate translation: “all of his soldiers will fight each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	21	aer8			0	his brother	“his fellow soldier”
EZK	38	22	p1s8	figs-metonymy		0	I will judge him by plague and blood	Here “blood” is a metonym for injury and death. Alternate translation: “I will judge him by causing him to be sick and by sending soldiers to kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	22	kw69			0	overflowing rain and hailstones and burning sulfur I will rain down upon him	It may be helpful to change the order of this sentence. Alternate translation: “I will rain down overflowing rain and hailstones and burning sulfur upon him”
EZK	38	22	hl4u			0	hailstones	ice that falls out of the sky
EZK	38	23	b4wq	figs-abstractnouns		0	show my greatness and my holiness	The abstract nouns “greatness” and “holiness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “show that I am great and holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	38	23	a9ff	figs-metonymy		0	I will make myself known in the eyes of the many nations	Here “eyes” refers to sight, which is a metonym for understanding. Alternate translation: “I will cause many nations to understand who I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	38	23	v92x	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	39	intro	m8b8			0		# Ezekiel 39 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter concludes the prophecy against Gog. God will destroy Gog and his army.
EZK	39	1	q3ya			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh gives Ezekiel his message to Gog.
EZK	39	1	f9pu			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	39	1	pml6			0	Behold!	This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate translation: “Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	39	1	bia2			0	I am against you	“I am your enemy”
EZK	39	1	z228	figs-explicit		0	chief of Meshech and Tubal	Some modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression as “prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal.” This is another title for Gog. See how you translated these names in [Ezekiel 38:2](../38/02.md). Alternate translation: “who is the prince of Meshech and Tubal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	39	2	c7g3	figs-metaphor		0	I will turn you and lead you on	God speaks of leading Gog as if Gog was an animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	2	mi4j			0	bring you up	God speaks of bringing Gog “up” to Israel because it was located in the mountains.
EZK	39	3	x72x	figs-metaphor		0	I will knock your bow out of your left hand and make the arrows fall from your right hand.	Knocking Gog’s bow and arrows out of his hands is spoken of as if God is destroying Gog’s military power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	4	hyu4			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Gog.
EZK	39	4	cy17	figs-doublet		0	your troops and the soldiers	These refer to the same people. It can be stated as a single phrase. Alternate translation: “all your soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	4	z24v	figs-metaphor		0	I will give you to the birds of prey and the wild beasts of the fields for food	The scavengers eating the corpses is spoken of as if Yahweh was giving food to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	5	e2qj	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	39	6	li1j	figs-metonymy		0	I will send out fire on Magog	Possible meanings are (1) Yahweh will send literal fire down on Gog and his army or (2) “fire” is a metonym for the destruction that it causes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	6	f28e			0	Magog	This is the name of an ancient nation that probably lived in the land that is now Turkey. Magog might be the ancient nation of Lydia. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 38:2](../38/02.md).
EZK	39	6	me83	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	39	7	y4tq			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Gog.
EZK	39	7	j1lr	figs-metonymy		0	I will make my holy name known in the midst of my people Israel	Here the metonym “my holy name” refers to Yahweh’s character. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will make my people, Israel, know that I am holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	39	8	y96a			0	Behold!	This tells the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate translation: “Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you!”
EZK	39	8	k6bb	figs-doublet		0	is coming…will take place	These two phrases have similar meaning and emphasize the fact that this will really happen. Alternate translation: “is surely going to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	9	lw4x			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Gog.
EZK	39	9	t6ss	figs-doublet		0	to kindle and make fires	These two phrases mean the same thing. The Israelites will use the wood from the weapons as kindling for fires. Alternate translation: “to start fires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	9	jr6e			0	small shields, large shields, bows, arrows, the clubs and spears	This list includes all the typical weapons of war of that day. It may represent weapons in general.
EZK	39	9	k28p			0	clubs	wooden sticks used as a weapon
EZK	39	10	f3tl	figs-doublet		0	wanted to take…wanted to plunder	Here “to take” and “to plunder” mean the same thing. Gog intended to take Israel’s possessions, but Yahweh prevented him so that he was not able to do that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	10	l3cu			0	will plunder…wanted to plunder	Translate “plunder” as in [Ezekiel 23:46](../23/46.md).
EZK	39	11	r7ks			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh begins to tell Ezekiel what will happen to Gog.
EZK	39	11	p4ff			0	it will happen on that day that	This signals an important event. If your language has a way for doing this, you could use it here.
EZK	39	11	rbw1			0	to the east of the sea	A few modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression here as “to the east toward the sea.”
EZK	39	11	tt6m			0	It will block	Possible meanings are (1) “The grave will block” or (2) “The dead army will block.”
EZK	39	11	c37r			0	There they	“There the house of Israel”
EZK	39	11	atw5			0	They will call it	“People will call it”
EZK	39	11	w9b9			0	Valley of Hamon Gog	“Valley of the Great Army of Gog”
EZK	39	12	jcl3			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to tell Ezekiel what will happen to Gog.
EZK	39	12	re6h	translate-numbers		0	seven months	“7 months.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZK	39	12	k8kx	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	12	pj7n	figs-explicit		0	will bury them in order to purify the land	In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it “unclean.” Burying these bodies is spoken of as cleansing or purifying the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	39	12	dp1j			0	bury them	“bury the soldiers of Gog’s army”
EZK	39	13	glw5	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	39	14	x6wr			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to tell Ezekiel what will happen to Gog.
EZK	39	14	nyn1			0	through the land	“through the land of Israel”
EZK	39	14	u5jz			0	those who were traveling through, but who died and their bodies remained on the surface of the land	This refers to the dead bodies of Gog’s soldiers whom Yahweh killed as they entered the land.
EZK	39	14	rmp9			0	so that they may bury them	“so that the designated men may bury the dead bodies”
EZK	39	14	gq5f	figs-explicit		0	to cleanse the land	In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it “unclean.” Burying these bodies is spoken of as cleansing or purifying the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	14	tmp9	translate-ordinal		0	seventh month	This “seventh” is the ordinal number for seven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	39	15	ijs9			0	any human bone	Bones would be all that remained of the corpses after a period of time.
EZK	39	15	h1r4			0	they will put a marker by it, until gravediggers come and bury it	There are apparently two groups of men. The first will mark the location of corpses, and the second group will bury them.
EZK	39	16	b339	figs-explicit		0	purify the land	In Jewish law, a dead body defiled anything it touched and made it “unclean.” Burying these bodies is spoken of as cleansing or purifying the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	16	ufn6	translate-names		0	Hamonah	This name means “Great Army.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	39	17	vhg1			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh gives Ezekiel a message for the birds and the wild animals about what they will do to Gog.
EZK	39	17	v4w4			0	son of man	“son of a human being” or “son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “mortal person” or “human”
EZK	39	17	fx3j			0	to the sacrifice	“to the feast” or “to the slaughter.” Yahweh means that he will give the birds and animals a very good meal and not that he is worshiping them.
EZK	39	18	fiv2	figs-irony		0	they will be rams, lambs, goats, and bulls	Yahweh is speaking with irony. Normally people sacrificed animals to God. Here, God is sacrificing people to animals. Alternate translation: “as if they were male sheep, lambs, goats, and bulls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
EZK	39	18	st13	figs-activepassive		0	they were all fattened in Bashan	That can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they all became fat while grazing in Bashan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	39	19	c3t6			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message for the birds and the wild animals about what they will do to Gog.
EZK	39	19	pmw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	to your satisfaction	The abstract noun “satisfaction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “until you are satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	39	19	blj8	figs-abstractnouns		0	until drunkenness	The abstract noun “drunkenness” can be stated as a adjective. Alternate translation: “until you become drunk” or “until you are intoxicated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	39	20	d3da	figs-metonymy		0	chariot	The metonym “chariot” refers to the men in the chariots. Alternate translation: “chariot driver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	20	m7yt	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	39	21	ksy3			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh gives Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
EZK	39	21	j63v	figs-metaphor		0	I will set my glory among the nations	Yahweh speaks of his glory as if he will place it in the middle of the nations where they can see it. Alternate translation: “I will make the nations see my glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	21	bf91	figs-doublet		0	my judgment that I perform and my hand that I have set against them	Both of these phrases refer to the punishment that Yahweh will inflict upon Israel and are repeated for emphasis. They can be combined into a single phrase. Alternate translation: “the way that I will judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	21	ff98	figs-metonymy		0	my hand	Here the metonym “hand” refers to Yahweh’s power that he uses to bring punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	21	itq4			0	against them	“against Gog and his great army”
EZK	39	22	hgr4	figs-metonymy		0	The house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	23	shc2			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
EZK	39	23	wt66	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	23	t9rz	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of their iniquity by which they betrayed me	The abstract noun “iniquity” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because they sinned and betrayed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	39	23	ltf2	figs-idiom		0	I hid my face from them	Here “face” refers to Yahweh’s help and protection. Alternate translation: “I stopped protecting them and taking care of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	39	23	pwc9	figs-metonymy		0	gave them into the hand of their adversaries	Here the metonym “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “gave their enemies power over them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	23	ba77	figs-metonymy		0	all of them fell by the sword	Here falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: “their enemies killed them all in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	24	b2rs	figs-metaphor		0	their uncleanness and their sins	This speaks of the people’s disgusting behavior as if they were physically unclean. Here “uncleanness” means basically the same as “sins.” Alternate translation: “their disgusting behavior and their sins” or “their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZK	39	25	k972			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
EZK	39	25	rb2h			0	will restore the fortunes of Jacob	Translate “will restore the fortunes” as in [Ezekiel 16:53](../16/53.md). However, some modern versions interpret the Hebrew expression here as “will bring Jacob back from captivity.”
EZK	39	25	f9gp	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	25	q1np			0	act with zeal for my holy name	“make sure that they honor me”
EZK	39	26	x3gv			0	they will bear their shame and all the treason	Experts do not agree on the meaning of this phrase. Possible meanings are (1) “they will regret their shame and all the treason” or (2) “they will forget their shame and all the treason.”
EZK	39	26	mmr5			0	the treason	“the unfaithfulness”
EZK	39	27	gzg6	figs-metonymy		0	I will show myself to be holy in the sight of many nations	Here “sight” is a metonym for understanding. Alternate translation: “many nations will understand that I am holy because of what I did for the house of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	28	j82j			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
EZK	39	28	k5li			0	I sent them into captivity…I will gather them back to their land	At the time when Ezekiel wrote, Israel was still in captivity in Babylon.
EZK	39	29	rdl6	figs-idiom		0	I will no longer hide my face from them	Here “no longer hide my face” is an idiom that means Yahweh will not continue to abandon Israel to exile in Babylon. Alternate translation: “I will no longer abandon them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	39	29	lz2m	figs-metaphor		0	when I pour out my Spirit on the house of Israel	Here to give the Spirit abundantly is spoken of as to “pour out” the Spirit. Alternate translation: “when I generously give my Spirit to the house of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	39	29	z9b1	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	39	29	jha5	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	40	intro	w1r3			0		# Ezekiel 40 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### The new temple and city<br><br>In a vision, Ezekiel saw a man measuring the wall of a new temple. The next chapters will give precise measurements for the construction of a temple to be built. This was not the temple of Ezra’s day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	40	1	c448	translate-ordinal		0	twenty-fifth…tenth…fourteenth	These words are the ordinal forms of 25, 10, and 14. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	40	1	i9cg	figs-explicit		0	of our captivity	Here “our” refers to Ezekiel and the Israelites who have been in Babylon since the Babylonians forced King Jehoiachin to leave Jerusalem, but not to the reader. Alternate translation: “after we became captives” or “after the Babylonians took us as captives to Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
EZK	40	1	jqw4	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the beginning of the year on the tenth day of the month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is in April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	40	1	l36p	figs-activepassive		0	the city was captured	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Babylonians captured the city of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	40	1	y8a6			0	the hand of Yahweh	Here “hand” refers to Yahweh’s power to show Ezekiel supernatural visions. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md).
EZK	40	2	y9x4			0	He brought me to rest	“He put me down”
EZK	40	3	ws2u			0	he brought me there	“Yahweh brought me to the place that had the buildings”
EZK	40	3	e8u1			0	Behold	Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	40	3	w6wn	figs-abstractnouns		0	His appearance was like the appearance of bronze	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The way he appeared was like the way bronze appears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	40	3	fuy5			0	linen cord	“a rope made of linen.” This is a tool for measuring very long distances.
EZK	40	3	am4h			0	linen	This is a type of cloth. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md).
EZK	40	3	h98a			0	measuring stick	This is a tool for measuring shorter distances.
EZK	40	4	s9t4			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	40	4	et9i	figs-idiom		0	fix your mind on	This idiom means “pay attention to” or “think about.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	40	4	j47s	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	40	5	xif9			0	surrounding the temple area	“entirely around the temple area”
EZK	40	5	p1bk	translate-bdistance		0	Each long cubit was a cubit and a handbreadth in length	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. Alternate translation: “These were the long cubits, which were the length of a regular cubit plus a handbreadth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	5	q72n	translate-bdistance		0	a handbreadth	“the width of a hand.” This was about 8 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	6	u8ev			0	one stick	“it was one stick wide.” This was about 3.2 meters.
EZK	40	6	ihb5			0	the temple gate that faced east	This gate was part of the wall that surrounded the temple area. It was not part of the temple building itself. Alternate translation: “the gate on the eastern side of the wall surrounding the temple” or “the gate on the eastern wall of the temple courtyard”
EZK	40	6	dwa9			0	up its steps	“up the steps of the gate”
EZK	40	6	j4tr			0	in depth	“from the front edge of the threshold to its back edge”
EZK	40	7	n81k			0	The guard chambers	These were rooms that were built inside of the gate where guards stayed to protect the gate.
EZK	40	7	mqb7	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	7	n8vq			0	there were five cubits between any two of the chambers	“the chambers next to each other were five cubits apart” or “there were five cubits between a chamber and the one next to it”
EZK	40	7	pzy7			0	the chambers	“the rooms”
EZK	40	7	pqx5			0	portico	This was a covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	8	f4pi			0	portico	This was a covering in front of a doorway or gateway with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	8	e848			0	one stick	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	9	i2wc			0	the portico of the gate facing the temple	Here “facing the temple” means that the portico was attached to the gate in the temple courtyard. Alternate translation: “the portico of the gate on the inner side of the wall that surrounded the temple”
EZK	40	9	hvn8	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits	about one meter (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	9	cn3t			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	10	r384			0	had the same measurement	“were the same size”
EZK	40	11	pxy4	translate-bdistance		0	ten cubits	about 5.4 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	11	fpq4			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	11	ji4p			0	thirteen cubits	about 7 meters
EZK	40	12	k1vq			0	The chambers measured six cubits	“The chambers were 6 cubits long”
EZK	40	12	r5iv			0	six cubits	about 3.2 meters
EZK	40	12	frx5			0	one cubit	“54 centimeters” or “about one-half meter”
EZK	40	13	dx2x			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	13	f1r4			0	that of the second	“the entrance of the second chamber”
EZK	40	14	vun1	translate-bdistance		0	sixty cubits	about 32 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	14	pp21			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	14	xi48			0	portico	This was a covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	15	ahd8			0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters
EZK	40	16	rk3m			0	closed windows	Possible meanings are (1) “closed windows” or (2) “windows with shutters” or (3) “narrow windows.”
EZK	40	16	tct8			0	likewise for the porches	“the porches also had closed windows all around”
EZK	40	16	pz45			0	each jamb	jambs are the sides of a wooden frame of a door
EZK	40	17	hc2u			0	General Information:	There were two walls surrounding the temple. The outer wall surrounded the outer courtyard, and within that, the inner wall surrounded the inner courtyard. The inner courtyard was higher than the outer courtyard. Each wall had gates on the east, north, and south sides.
EZK	40	17	xg3a			0	the man brought me to the outer courtyard of the temple	“The man brought me from outside the temple area into the outer courtyard of the temple”
EZK	40	17	xg73			0	outer courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md).
EZK	40	17	jh6k			0	Behold	The word “Behold” here indicates that Ezekiel saw something interesting.
EZK	40	17	x179			0	pavement	a flat floor that is made out of rocks
EZK	40	17	tph1	translate-numbers		0	with thirty rooms next to the pavement	“and there were 30 rooms all around the pavement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZK	40	18	ywz8			0	went up to	“went all the way to”
EZK	40	19	mlw7			0	the front of the lower gate to the front of the inner gate	The lower gate was on the wall of the outer courtyard, and the inner gate was on the wall of the inner courtyard. Alternate translation: “the front of the outer gate to the front of the inner gate”
EZK	40	19	b323	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	about 54 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	19	c2lt			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	19	dsn2			0	the same on the north side	“it was the same on the north side” or “on the north side, the distance from the outer gate to the inner gate was also one hundred cubits”
EZK	40	21	gsz4			0	chambers	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:7](../40/07.md).
EZK	40	21	rj4k			0	portico	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	21	m2qv			0	measured the same	“had the same measurement”
EZK	40	21	bv9m	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	21	at8s			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	21	m89e			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	22	z58s			0	General Information:	Ezekiel continues to describe the vision of the temple and of the man who looked like bronze.
EZK	40	22	l4p5			0	Its windows	The word “Its” refers to the gate that was on the north side of the outer courtyard. Alternate translation: “The northern gate’s windows”
EZK	40	22	pvp1			0	chambers	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:7](../40/07.md).
EZK	40	22	lh6i			0	corresponded to the gate that faced east	“were like those of the eastern gate” or “were like those of the eastern gate of the outer courtyard”
EZK	40	23	jv26			0	inner courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	23	nnq1			0	in front of the gate facing north	“directly across from the northern gate” or “across the outer courtyard from the northern gate”
EZK	40	23	iqj4			0	the gate facing north	“the gate on the northern side of the outer courtyard”
EZK	40	23	abw3			0	just as also there was a gate to the east	“just as there was a eastern gate to the inner courtyard” or “just as there was a gate to the inner courtyard in front of the eastern gate”
EZK	40	23	xs9g			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	23	qrf2			0	one hundred cubits	about 54 meters
EZK	40	24	slh4			0	measured the same as the other outer gates	“had the same measurements as the northern and eastern gates”
EZK	40	25	m11s			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	25	jc4u	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	25	lhx4			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	26	ss1y			0	portico	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md)
EZK	40	26	dp2c			0	on either side	“on both sides”
EZK	40	27	nm2m			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	27	j6lw	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	about 54 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	28	vks3			0	inner courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	28	myz2			0	by way of its southern gate	“through its southern gate”
EZK	40	29	l9e2			0	chambers	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:7](../40/07.md).
EZK	40	29	z7nv			0	porticos	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	29	w5nj			0	measured the same	“had the same measurements”
EZK	40	29	d9ta			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	29	g2ke	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	29	ym2a			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	29	g6h8			0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters
EZK	40	31	q7ae			0	This portico faced the outer courtyard	“The portico’s entrance was towards the outer courtyard”
EZK	40	31	d1vr			0	with carved palm trees	“and it had carvings of palm trees”
EZK	40	32	ugx1			0	to the inner courtyard by the eastern way	“to the east side of the inner courtyard”
EZK	40	33	ex3w			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	33	ev22	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	33	f5db			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	34	spw5			0	Its portico faced the outer courtyard	The entrance of its portico was towards the outer courtyard
EZK	40	35	cy5v			0	measured the same	“had the same measurements”
EZK	40	36	b3il			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	36	k7yf	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	about 27 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	36	b8ut			0	twenty-five cubits	about 13.5 meters
EZK	40	37	rrg7			0	Its portico faced the outer courtyard	“The entrance of its portico was toward the outer courtyard”
EZK	40	37	j3yy			0	on either side of it	“on both sides of it”
EZK	40	38	g6y4			0	by each of the inner gateways	“in each of the inner gates”
EZK	40	38	wb45			0	they rinsed the burnt offerings	Possible meanings for “they” are (1) the people who were bringing offerings or (2) the priests who killed the animals.
EZK	40	38	sg2q			0	the burnt offerings	the animals that would be killed and burned as offerings
EZK	40	39	jkg2			0	There were two tables on each side of each portico	there were four tables—two on each side of each portico
EZK	40	39	k2nh	figs-activepassive		0	the burnt offering was slaughtered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they killed the burnt offering” or “they killed the animals that they would burn as an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	40	42	p8pq	figs-explicit		0	There were four tables of cut stone	These were apparently different tables than the eight tables on which the sacrifices were killed. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “There were also four tables of cut stone” or “There were four other tables made of cut stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	40	42	n6ba			0	of cut stone	“that were made out of stone that had been cut”
EZK	40	42	a1l3			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	42	u93z	translate-bdistance		0	one and a half cubits	about 0.8 meter (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	42	cq6v			0	one cubit	about one-half meter
EZK	40	43	a4as			0	Two-pronged hooks a handbreadth in length were fastened in the portico all around	“All around the portico, people had attached hooks that were a handbreadth long and had two prongs each”
EZK	40	43	n242			0	Two-pronged hooks	something that has two long curved points, which people can hang things on
EZK	40	43	cjr1	translate-bdistance		0	a handbreadth in length	about 8 centimeters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	43	kg7r	figs-activepassive		0	the flesh of the offerings would be put on the tables	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they would put the flesh of the offerings on the tables” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	40	44	udm5			0	the inner gate	This is the inner gate on the north.
EZK	40	44	sw8j			0	singers’ chambers	“rooms for singers.” However, some ancient and modern versions read only “chambers” without the reference to singers.
EZK	40	44	j5e2	figs-ellipsis		0	one on the north side facing south, and the other on the south side facing north	The word “chamber” or “room” is understood from the previous phrase. The phrase “facing south” means that its door is on its south side, and “facing north” means that its door is on its north side. Alternate translation: “one room on the north side facing south, and the other room on the south side facing north” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZK	40	45	udd6			0	This room facing south	This refers to the chamber on the north side of the inner courtyard. Alternate translation: “This room whose door is on its south side” or “This room on the north side of the inner courtyard”
EZK	40	45	v1a4			0	who are on duty in the temple	“who are working in the temple” or “who are responsible for guarding the temple”
EZK	40	46	wmt7			0	General Information:	The man continues speaking to Ezekiel in the vision.
EZK	40	46	dz6w			0	The room facing north	This refers to the room on the south side of the inner courtyard. The door of the room was on the north side of the room. Alternate translation: “This room whose door is on its north side” or “This room on the south side of the inner courtyard”
EZK	40	46	sk26			0	the priests on duty at the altar	“the priests who were offering sacrifices on the altar”
EZK	40	46	x24w			0	come near to Yahweh to serve him	“approach Yahweh in his temple in order to serve him”
EZK	40	47	j222			0	he measured	“the man measured”
EZK	40	47	dc8h			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	47	tc9q	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	about 54 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	47	h7bq			0	with the altar	“and the altar was”
EZK	40	47	q1xd			0	the house	This refers to the temple.
EZK	40	48	fv21			0	portico	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	40	48	yt57			0	the house	this refers to the temple
EZK	40	48	bb4f			0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	40	48	pc64	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	40	48	ra1c			0	fourteen cubits	about 7.5 meters
EZK	40	48	kr6i			0	three cubits	about 1.6 meters
EZK	40	49	tbs4			0	twenty cubits	about 11 meters
EZK	40	49	yp5x			0	eleven cubits	about 6 meters
EZK	40	49	q4z1			0	columns	pieces of stone that were tall and narrow and supported the roof of the building
EZK	41	intro	unn8			0		# Ezekiel 41 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on the courtyard of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	41	1	x2a6			0	General Information:	The man in Ezekiel’s vision ([Ezekiel 40:3](../40/03.md)) continues to show Ezekiel around the temple.
EZK	41	1	w4s3			0	the temple’s holy place	the room in the temple in front of the “most holy place”
EZK	41	1	rh4q			0	six cubits in width on either side	These cubits were the “long” cubits ([Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md)), 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). “they were six cubits in width on both sides”
EZK	41	1	f5xb	translate-bdistance		0	six cubits	about 3.2 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	1	e7wk	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	2	xq2i	translate-bdistance		0	ten cubits	about 5.4 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	2	n3vw	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	2	hd7n			0	the dimensions	“the size”
EZK	41	2	shy4	translate-bdistance		0	forty cubits	about 22 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	2	m6xp	translate-bdistance		0	twenty cubits	about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	3	ay36	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits	about 1.1 meter (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	3	g9y3	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	3	j4ib	translate-bdistance		0	six cubits	about 3.2 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	3	tz5x	translate-bdistance		0	seven cubits	about 3.8 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	4	u7xa	translate-bdistance		0	twenty cubits	about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	5	dv9u			0	the house	the temple
EZK	41	5	mj6n	translate-bdistance		0	six cubits	about 3.2 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	5	j1kj	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	5	icf3			0	four cubits	about 2 meters
EZK	41	6	m9sv			0	three levels	“three stories”
EZK	41	6	p4m5			0	There were ledges around the wall of the house	“The house had ledges all around for the side rooms all around.” This way the side rooms could rest on the ledge of the wall.
EZK	41	6	sy7s			0	to support	“so that the ledges could support”
EZK	41	6	u4ci			0	for there was no support put in the wall of the house	“for there were no supports in the wall of the house.” The people who built the temple did not want stones or wood that would support the side rooms to be sticking out from the wall of the sanctuary.
EZK	41	8	hk9y			0	a raised part	a platform
EZK	41	8	pt8f			0	chambers	small rooms
EZK	41	8	xyb9			0	a full stick	Translate “stick” as in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	41	8	w315	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	8	jcs8	translate-bdistance		0	six cubits	about 3.2 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	9	wf7d	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	10	dgr5			0	the priests’ outer side rooms	“the side rooms of the priests that were further out from the sanctuary”
EZK	41	10	r4bf	translate-bdistance		0	twenty cubits	about 11 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	10	s7ml	translate-bdistance		0	cubits	See how you translated these “long” cubits in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	11	k3ql	translate-bdistance		0	five cubits	about 2.7 meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	11	hej8			0	The width of this open area was five cubits all around	“The entire space between the chambers and the temple was five cubits wide, all around the temple”
EZK	41	12	y1mz			0	The building that faced the courtyard on the west side was seventy cubits in width	This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “There was a building on the west side of the temple area, and its entrance was towards the courtyard. It was seventy cubits in width”
EZK	41	12	h18c	translate-bdistance		0	seventy cubits…five cubits…ninety cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). “70 cubits…5 cubits…90 cubits” or “about 38 meters…about 2.7 meters…about 49 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	13	lhy2	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). “100 cubits” or “about 54 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	15	bak3			0	the galleries	“the balconies.” The balconies were places that were built higher up than the rest of the building. People could go into balconies and look down on the main floor of the building.
EZK	41	15	w8jr	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). “100 cubits” or “about 54 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	15	a9rg			0	the portico	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	41	18	g9t5			0	was decorated	“was made beautiful”
EZK	41	18	ne31			0	cherubim	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:3](../09/03.md).
EZK	41	18	m9dj			0	cherub	This is the singular form of “cherubim.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:9](../10/09.md).
EZK	41	20	cf7z			0	the house	“the temple”
EZK	41	22	fh5t	figs-abstractnouns		0	the wooden altar in front of the holy place, which was	These words are the end of the sentence that begins with the words “Their appearance was like the appearance of” in verse 21. Possible meanings of the sentence are (1) as it is translated in the ULT or (2) “The appearance of one was like the appearance of the other. The wooden altar in front of the holy place was.” The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “They appeared the same way the wooden altar in front of the holy place appeared. They were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	41	22	lqs8	translate-bdistance		0	three cubits…two cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 1.6 meters…about 1.1 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	41	23	wx5m			0	There were double doors for the holy place and the most holy place	“The holy place and the most holy place both had two doors”
EZK	41	24	p6xg			0	These doors had two hinged door panels each	“Each door had two parts that were on hinges.” Hinges connect doors to the wall and allow the doors to swing.
EZK	41	24	eq5j			0	two panels for one door and two panels for the other	“both of the doors for both the holy place and the most holy place had two parts”
EZK	41	25	ik75			0	just as the walls were decorated	“just as the walls also had carvings of cherubim and palm trees”
EZK	41	25	fd1y			0	portico	covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	42	intro	u94p			0		# Ezekiel 42 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focused on the storerooms for keeping the holy things of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EZK	42	1	i2dg			0	the outer courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md).
EZK	42	2	b17d	translate-bdistance		0	one hundred cubits…fifty cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “100 cubits…50 cubits” or “about 54 meters…about 27 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	3	xw1y	translate-bdistance		0	twenty cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “20 cubits” or “about 11 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	3	hd41			0	Some of those rooms faced the inner courtyard	“Some of those rooms were toward the inner courtyard” or “The entrance of some of those rooms was toward the inner courtyard”
EZK	42	3	r38c			0	inner courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	42	3	yg73			0	were open to them	“looked out onto the inner courtyard”
EZK	42	3	jwp5			0	having a walkway	“because there was a place where one could walk along the rooms”
EZK	42	3	im4u			0	Some of the rooms looked out onto the outer courtyard	“Some of the rooms were toward the outer courtyard” or “The entrance of some of the rooms was toward the outer courtyard”
EZK	42	4	k5dr	translate-bdistance		0	ten cubits…one hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “10 cubits…100 cubits” or “about 5.4 meters…about 54 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	6	ll69			0	smaller in size compared to the rooms	“smaller than the rooms”
EZK	42	7	p1zj	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “50 cubits” or “about 27 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	8	fs43	translate-bdistance		0	fifty cubits…one hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “50 cubits…100 cubits” or “about 27 meters…about 54 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	11	enm6	figs-abstractnouns		0	They were as the appearance of the rooms on the northern side	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “The way the rooms on the northern side appeared was the way these rooms appeared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	42	12	cb5b			0	at its head	“at its beginning”
EZK	42	13	w6k1			0	the food offering	the grain or flour that the people offered to show that they were thankful to God
EZK	42	15	evf6			0	to the gate that faced the east	“out to the east gate” or “out through the east gate”
EZK	42	16	x1xq			0	He measured	The word “he” refers to the man who looked like bronze ([Ezekiel 40:3](../40/03.md)).
EZK	42	16	wda6			0	measuring stick	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md).
EZK	42	16	e5i4	translate-bdistance		0	five hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “500 cubits” or “about 270 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	20	b3mm			0	It had a wall around it	“The house had a wall all around it”
EZK	42	20	kh7v	translate-bdistance		0	five hundred cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “500 cubits” or “about 270 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	42	20	cqu5			0	common	not holy
EZK	43	intro	n8nq			0		# Ezekiel 43 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. God entered the temple. He told the people not to defile the temple by being idol worshipers or by having the funerals of their kings in the temple courtyard. He also told them what offerings to make each day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	43	2	qi98			0	Behold!	The word “Behold” here alerts the reader to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
EZK	43	2	e4w7			0	many waters	This simply means “a lot of water.” It could refer to a loud river or a large waterfall or the waves crashing at the ocean. All of these are very loud. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:24](../01/24.md).
EZK	43	2	m5fd			0	the earth shone with his glory	“the earth was full of bright light from his glory”
EZK	43	3	k5tf			0	It was	“The glory of God coming from the east was”
EZK	43	3	bi4l			0	It was according to the appearance of the vision that I saw, according to the vision that I saw when he had come to destroy the city	Possible meanings are (1) the second phrase beginning with “according to” explains the meaning of the first phrase beginning with “according to.” Alternate translation: “It was according to the appearance of the vision that I saw when he had come to destroy the city” or (2) the first phrase refers to the vision that Ezekiel had just seen of God’s glory. Alternate translation: “The appearance of this vision that I saw was according to the vision that I saw when he had come to destroy the city”
EZK	43	3	s248	figs-abstractnouns		0	according to the appearance of the vision	The abstract noun “appearance” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “just like what appeared in the vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	43	3	f83h			0	according to the vision	“like the vision”
EZK	43	3	akc5	figs-synecdoche		0	when he had come to destroy the city	“when the God of Israel had come to destroy the city.” If the earlier Hebrew reading “when I had come to destroy the city” is used, then “destroy the city” is a synecdoche for “prophesy that the city will be destroyed.” Alternate translation: “when I had come to prophesy that the city will be destroyed” or “when I had come to prophesy that the God of Israel will destroy the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	43	5	r649			0	Behold	Your language may have a different word to show that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	43	7	p4vj	figs-metaphor		0	the corpses of their kings	The idols that the people’s kings worshiped are spoken of as if they are corpses because the idols are not alive. Alternate translation: “the lifeless idols that their kings worshiped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	43	8	z6lz			0	They profaned	“The Israelites profaned”
EZK	43	8	lyg4			0	disgusting actions	“the disgusting things they did.” God was angry because the people were worshiping idols and false gods. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:9](../05/09.md).
EZK	43	8	c7nz	figs-idiom		0	consumed them with my anger	The phrase “consumed” here means “completely destroyed.” Alternate translation: “completely destroyed them because I was angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	43	9	mkm1	figs-metaphor		0	the corpses of their kings	The idols that the people’s kings worshiped are spoken of as if they are corpses because the idols are not alive. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:7](../43/07.md). Alternate translation: “the lifeless idols that their kings worshiped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	43	10	gg2b			0	this description	“this pattern” or “this plan”
EZK	43	11	e5qp	figs-synecdoche		0	before their eyes	Here the Israelites are referred to by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate translation: “before them” or “before the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZK	43	11	i8xe			0	will keep to all its design	“will keep its pattern”
EZK	43	12	rn66			0	the regulation	“the instruction” or “the rule”
EZK	43	12	pq2x			0	the surrounding border	The word “border” probably refers to the wall that goes all the way around the temple.
EZK	43	12	n333			0	most holy	“absolutely holy”
EZK	43	12	yaf4			0	Behold!	“This is important!” Your language may have a way of indicating that the words that follow are important.
EZK	43	13	s3d3	translate-bdistance		0	a cubit	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 54 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	13	bu5v			0	The border around its surrounding edge	“The border going around its edge”
EZK	43	13	mj2w	translate-bdistance		0	one span	A span was 23 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. Alternate translation: “about 23 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	13	ep6b			0	This will be the base of the altar	“These will be the measurements of the base of the altar”
EZK	43	13	y37z			0	the base of the altar	“the bottom supporting the altar” or “the foundation of the altar”
EZK	43	14	uab7	translate-bdistance		0	two cubits…four cubits	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 1.1 meters…about 2.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	14	a8sb			0	ledge	a narrow and flat surface that sticks out from a wall
EZK	43	15	g3f7			0	The hearth	the place where sacrifices were either cooked or burnt up with fire
EZK	43	15	spz8	translate-bdistance		0	four cubits	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 2.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	15	c46r			0	horns	The horns were the parts of the altar at the four corners of the altar that stuck up above the rest of the altar.
EZK	43	16	xxn8	translate-bdistance		0	twelve cubits	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 2.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	17	erf8	translate-bdistance		0	fourteen cubits…a half cubit…a cubit	Each “long cubit” was about 54 centimeters. You may choose not to include this information if you give modern measurements instead of “cubits” as the UST does. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 7.6 meters…about 27 centimeters…about 54 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	43	17	swm9			0	with its steps facing east	“with steps on the east side of the altar” or “and the altar’s steps are on its east side”
EZK	43	18	t97x			0	he said	“Yahweh said”
EZK	43	18	g966			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	43	18	e9g4			0	the regulations	“the rules” or “the instructions”
EZK	43	19	kl54	figs-you		0	You will	The word “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	19	q7f2	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	43	20	w2ku	figs-you		0	Then you will take	The word “you” is singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	20	d2gh			0	four horns	The horns were the parts of the altar at the four corners of the altar that stuck up above the rest of the altar. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:15](../43/15.md).
EZK	43	22	wq8s	figs-pronouns		0	you will offer	The word “you” and the command refer to Ezekiel and so are singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	23	du6v	figs-pronouns		0	you finish…offer	All instances of “you” and the commands refer to Ezekiel and so are singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	24	i436			0	Offer them before Yahweh	The altar on which they will sacrifice the bull and ram is in front of the temple, where the presence of Yahweh dwells.
EZK	43	25	kse4	figs-pronouns		0	You must prepare	This is spoken to Ezekiel and so the word “You” is singular. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:19](../43/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	27	w2ig			0	it will come about that	This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the instructions. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
EZK	43	27	c3ch	figs-pronouns		0	your burnt offerings…your peace offerings…accept you	The words “your” and “you” are second person plural and refer to the people of Israel in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	43	27	l94i			0	will accept you	“will gladly receive you”
EZK	44	intro	jl5n			0		# Ezekiel 44 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. Foreigners and the Levites who have worshiped idols are not allowed in the temple. The priests alone will do the temple work. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
EZK	44	1	zm7u			0	to the outer sanctuary gate that faced east	“to the outer sanctuary gate on the east side of the temple”
EZK	44	2	n9ff	figs-activepassive		0	it will not be opened	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will open it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	44	2	zv5f			0	the God of Israel	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:4](../08/04.md).
EZK	44	3	pv9b			0	He will enter by way of the gate’s portico and go out the same way	He will enter the courtyard through another gate and then sit in the portico of the east gate and eat.
EZK	44	3	x28c			0	portico	covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. In this case, the portico opens into the courtyard and is between the entrance to the temple and the inside of the gate. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	44	3	gk1x			0	before Yahweh	“in front of Yahweh” or “in the presence of Yahweh”
EZK	44	4	ztc8			0	Then he	Possible meanings are (1) “Then the man” or (2) “Then Yahweh.”
EZK	44	4	qy4q			0	behold	The word “behold” here shows that Ezekiel was surprised by what he saw.
EZK	44	4	r9tj			0	the glory of Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md).
EZK	44	4	sbu8	figs-idiom		0	I fell to my face	“I bowed down to the ground” or “I lay on the ground.” Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 1:28](../01/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	44	5	ws2h	figs-idiom		0	set your heart	“pay attention to” or “think about.” Translate as you translated “fix your mind on” in [Ezekiel 40:4](../40/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	44	5	drb4			0	all its regulations	“all the instructions about the house of Yahweh”
EZK	44	6	zau2	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	44	6	az1c			0	Let all of your disgusting actions be enough for you	“Your disgusting actions have been more than enough for you” or “You have done far too many disgusting deeds”
EZK	44	6	bca6			0	disgusting actions	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:9](../05/09.md).
EZK	44	8	maa2			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	44	10	zin7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	44	10	p8aq	figs-metaphor		0	went far from me…wandered away from me, going after their idols	The way a person lives is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “stopped worshiping me…stopped doing what I wanted them to do. Instead, they worshiped their idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	44	11	bkp6			0	are servants in my sanctuary	“will be the servants in my temple”
EZK	44	11	mm2d			0	watching the gates of the house	“performing guard duty at the gates of the house”
EZK	44	11	x5sq			0	they will stand before the people and serve them	“these Levites will stand before the people, so that they can serve the people”
EZK	44	12	q5px	figs-metaphor		0	became stumbling blocks for sin for the house of Israel	A person who causes another person to sin is spoken of as if he were something on a path over which people stumble. Alternate translation: “became people who caused the house of Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	44	12	z6se	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	44	12	vr22	translate-symaction		0	I will lift up my hand to swear an oath	In those days a person would raise his right hand to show that he realized that God would punish him if he did not do what he swore to do. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: “I will solemnly swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	44	12	y3kn			0	against them	“that I will punish them”
EZK	44	12	pf4z	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	44	12	q681	figs-abstractnouns		0	they will bear their punishment	The abstract noun “punishment” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I will certainly punish them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZK	44	13	j14m			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	44	13	hx8g			0	They	the Levites ([Ezekiel 44:10](../44/10.md))
EZK	44	13	ae27			0	They will not come near	“I will not permit them to come near.” Yahweh does not want them to come to him the way a servant comes to a king to receive commands, as the descendants of Zadok will do ([Ezekiel 40:46](../40/46.md)).
EZK	44	13	bca3			0	will bear their reproach and their guilt	“will be ashamed and suffer when I punish them”
EZK	44	13	wq95			0	disgusting actions	“the disgusting things you do.” God was angry because the people were worshiping idols and false gods. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:9](../05/09.md).
EZK	44	14	er59			0	keepers	people who guard or take care of something
EZK	44	14	u8yv	figs-activepassive		0	that is done in it	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that they need to do in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	44	15	c721			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	44	15	s5we			0	those sons of Zadok who fulfilled	“who are descendants of Zadok and fulfilled”
EZK	44	17	l84s			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	17	xb3e			0	So it will be that	“So”
EZK	44	17	c13p			0	the inner courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	44	17	m5aw			0	linen	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 9:2](../09/02.md).
EZK	44	17	rj5i			0	wool	cloth or clothing made of the soft hair of sheep
EZK	44	18	k7zt			0	turbans	A turban is a head covering that is that is made of a long cloth wrapped around the head.
EZK	44	19	gc26			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about how the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests are to do their duties.
EZK	44	19	ufa8			0	outer courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md).
EZK	44	20	cn1l			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	20	qi2j			0	must trim the hair of their heads	must keep their hair neat
EZK	44	22	ni4q			0	widow	a woman whose husband has died
EZK	44	22	b3xu			0	from the line of the house of Israel	“who is a descendant of the people of Israel”
EZK	44	22	u2pa	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	44	23	v6g5			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	24	ubl2			0	In a dispute they will stand to judge with my decrees	“When people are arguing, they will be the ones who decide who is right by applying my laws”
EZK	44	25	u9cv			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	27	zz6v	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	44	28	gw6s			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	28	gcp2	figs-pronouns		0	you	The word “you” refers to the people of Israel and so is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
EZK	44	28	rs2h			0	property	land that a person owns and uses to provide for the needs of his family
EZK	44	28	p1ts			0	in Israel	“in the land of Israel”
EZK	44	30	abr8			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel about the descendants of Zadok who serve as priests.
EZK	44	30	f4lm			0	every contribution, anything from all of your contributions	“every gift of whatever kind from all your gifts” or “all gifts of every sort of all of your gifts”
EZK	44	30	k6ar	figs-idiom		0	so that blessing may rest on your house	This phrase means “so that I will bless your family and everything that belongs to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZK	44	31	ydb2	figs-activepassive		0	or animal torn by a beast, whether bird or beast	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “or any creature that a bird or a wild animal has torn apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	45	intro	csg9			0		# Ezekiel 45 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There should be an area around the temple complex for the homes of the priests and Levites who work at the temple. People should celebrate the festivals. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])
EZK	45	1	w2qr			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	45	1	j186	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits in length…ten thousand cubits in width	Each cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits long…10,000 cubits wide” or “about 13.5 kilometers long…about 5.4 kilometers wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	45	1	rhe7			0	all its area round about	“all of the area inside of the borders around it”
EZK	45	2	ftd5	translate-bdistance		0	five hundred cubits…fifty cubits in width	Each cubit was about 54 centimeters. Alternate translation: “500 cubits…50 cubits wide” or “about 270 meters…about 27 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	45	3	z3c7			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	45	3	u69s			0	this area	the temple and the border surrounding it
EZK	45	3	r52y			0	a portion	“a portion of land”
EZK	45	3	m67w	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits…ten thousand	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits…10,000 cubits” or “about 13.5 kilometers…about 5.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	45	6	e3un			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	45	6	h2xy	translate-bdistance		0	five thousand cubits…twenty-five thousand	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “5,000 cubits…25,000 cubits” or “about 2.7 kilometers…about 13.5 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	45	6	s6nx	figs-activepassive		0	reserved for the holy place	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you gave for the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	45	7	uk1u	figs-explicit		0	The length will correspond to the length of one of those portions	It is implied that Ezekiel is comparing the prince’s land with the size of the land given to each of the tribes. Alternate translation: “The length will be the same as the length of one of the portions given to the tribes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	45	7	q8d9			0	from the west to the east	It is implied that these are the western and eastern borders of the land of Israel. “from the western border of Israel at the sea to the eastern border at the Jordan River”
EZK	45	8	c5xt			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the house of Israel.
EZK	45	8	gh1k			0	This land will be property for the prince in Israel	“This portion of the land will be the property of the prince among the people of Israel”
EZK	45	9	kn84	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	45	9	s8kt			0	It is enough for you	“You have done too many bad things” or “You have been acting badly for far too long”
EZK	45	10	a79w			0	scales	an instrument that was used to weigh things that people sold or bought
EZK	45	11	ns5i			0	so that a bath will be a tenth of a homer	“so that ten baths will be the same amount as a homer”
EZK	45	11	s483	translate-bvolume		0	homer	about 220 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZK	45	12	d171	translate-bweight		0	shekel	about 11 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZK	45	12	x539	translate-bweight		0	gerahs	about 0.55 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZK	45	12	na75	translate-bweight		0	mina	about 660 grams (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZK	45	13	a49t			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	13	cnf3	figs-explicit		0	for every homer of wheat	It is implied that this is the amount of wheat that the people harvest. Alternate translation: “for every homer of wheat from the harvest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZK	45	14	u4gz			0	The regulation offering of oil will be a tenth of a bath	“You must offer one tenth of a bath of oil”
EZK	45	15	nx2w			0	the watered regions of Israel	“the parts of Israel that get a good amount of water”
EZK	45	15	j447	figs-activepassive		0	will be used for	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will use for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	45	16	hs31			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	17	nq7p			0	the fixed festivals	the festivals that happen at the same time every year or month or week
EZK	45	17	kvb9	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	45	18	yt9a			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	18	s8r4	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	45	18	kwy1	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the first month, on the first day of the month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the end of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	45	18	zx5a	figs-you		0	you will take	The word “you” is singular and refers to whoever is the prince in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	45	20	rnr8	translate-ordinal		0	on the seventh of the month	“on the seventh day of the first month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	45	20	yp7i			0	for each person’s sin by accident or ignorance	“for each person who had sinned without meaning to or because he did not know he was sinning” or “for each person who had sinned by accident or because he did not now what was right”
EZK	45	21	h28w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	21	x1ac	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the first month on the fourteenth day of the month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	45	21	h44r	figs-you		0	for you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the prince and the rest of the people of the house of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	45	23	sm6c			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	23	hij9			0	Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams	“Seven bulls and seven rams that are completely healthy”
EZK	45	24	c8si			0	food offering	This is also called a “grain offering.”
EZK	45	24	a1wx	translate-bvolume		0	an ephah	You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “twenty-two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZK	45	24	h4z8	translate-bvolume		0	a hin	You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “four liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZK	45	24	s3eh	translate-bvolume		0	each ephah	You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “each twenty-two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZK	45	25	bh3k			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	45	25	fn33	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the seventh month on the fifteenth day of the month	This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of October. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZK	45	25	v9fx			0	at the festival	This is a different festival from the festival Ezekiel was describing before.
EZK	46	intro	b7h2			0		# Ezekiel 46 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. This chapter focuses on many of the temple’s rules. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	46	1	da9n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	46	1	pc25	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	46	1	m74l			0	The gate of the inner courtyard, facing east	“the gate on the east side of the inner courtyard” or “the eastern gate of the inner courtyard”
EZK	46	1	w3m7			0	inner courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	46	2	j8bw			0	inner gate	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:19](../40/19.md).
EZK	46	3	m3lm			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	46	3	f1nt			0	before Yahweh	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 43:24](../43/24.md).
EZK	46	6	h8se			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	46	6	fe93			0	unblemished	perfectly healthy and normal
EZK	46	8	usc6			0	portico	covering in front of an entrance with columns or posts for support. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZK	46	9	rl4y			0	before Yahweh	“in front of Yahweh” or “in the presence of Yahweh.” See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 44:3](../44/03.md).
EZK	46	9	a1p7			0	appointed festivals	Translate as you translated “appointed feasts” in [Ezekiel 36:37](../36/37.md).
EZK	46	12	fa81	figs-activepassive		0	the gate facing east will be opened for him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Levites will open the gate facing east for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	46	12	lqw2			0	the gate facing east	“the eastern gate” or “the gate on the east side of the courtyard”
EZK	46	13	vq1i			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.
EZK	46	14	yhz5			0	to moisten	“which will soak”
EZK	46	16	j4il	figs-123person		0	The Lord Yahweh says this	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to remind Ezekiel and the people that what he is saying is important. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “I, the Lord Yahweh, say this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	46	17	ly5s			0	year of liberty	This is the year that a servant gains freedom. This is also called the “Year of Jubilee.”
EZK	46	19	c74n			0	which faced north	“which had their main entrances to the north”
EZK	46	19	bsb4			0	behold!	Ezekiel saw something interesting.
EZK	46	20	u2ic			0	outer courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md).
EZK	46	21	e6xs			0	outer courtyard	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 10:5](../10/05.md).
EZK	46	22	pwg8	translate-bdistance		0	forty cubits…thirty	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “40 cubits…30 cubits” or “about 21.6 meters…about 16.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	46	23	kg1g			0	cooking hearths	places where people can build fire and cook food
EZK	47	intro	m1ty			0		# Ezekiel 47 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There was a river flowing from the temple. The land was to be divided among the tribes. The landscape of Jerusalem will have changed in a significant way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
EZK	47	1	ej9g			0	to the right of the altar	This is the right side of the altar when a person looks at it while they are facing east, so it is on the south side of the altar. Alternate translation: “on the south side of the altar”
EZK	47	2	e7pw			0	the gate facing east	“the eastern gate” or “the eastern gate of the outer wall”
EZK	47	3	zm72			0	measuring line	a string or a rope that people use to measure longer distances
EZK	47	3	iz2e	translate-bdistance		0	one thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. Alternate translation: “1,000 cubits” or “about 540 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	47	5	a556	figs-activepassive		0	a river that could not be crossed	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a river that no one could cross on foot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	47	6	p6gu			0	Son of man	“Son of a human being” or “Son of humanity.” God calls Ezekiel this to emphasize that Ezekiel is only a human being. God is eternal and powerful, but humans are not. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “Mortal person” or “Human”
EZK	47	6	ev96	figs-rquestion		0	do you see this?	Yahweh is commanding Ezekiel to think about what he has just seen. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 8:15](../08/15.md). Alternate translation: “think about this.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZK	47	10	x3c2			0	Then it will happen	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 21:7](../21/07.md).
EZK	47	10	cw5n	translate-names		0	En Gedi	This is the name of a very large spring on the western side of the Salt Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	10	r49u			0	a place to dry out the fishing nets	“a place for people to dry out their fishing nets”
EZK	47	10	kj6k	translate-names		0	En Eglaim	This is the name of a large spring on the eastern side of the Salt Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	11	z32w			0	swamps	places with shallow water and trees growing in deep mud
EZK	47	11	v9ac			0	marshes	places with shallow water and grasses growing in deep mud
EZK	47	13	u197	figs-metonymy		0	Joseph will have two portions	The person is a metonym for his descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Joseph will receive two areas of land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZK	47	14	y4rk	translate-symaction		0	I lifted up my hand and swore	In those days a person would raise his right hand to show that he realized that God would punish him if he did not do what he swore to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZK	47	15	i8z6			0	boundary	the end of an area of land
EZK	47	15	f1mu	translate-names		0	Hethlon…Zedad	These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	16	qdk7	translate-names		0	Berothah…Sibraim…Hazer Hattikon…Hauran	These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	17	dz8k	translate-names		0	Hazar Enan	the name of a town (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	17	snz2			0	border	where two areas of land meet
EZK	47	18	b9sb	translate-names		0	Hauran	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	19	j6i9	translate-names		0	Tamar…Meribah Kadesh	These are the names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	19	vu4h			0	the brook of Egypt	a very large ravine in the northeast part of the Sinai
EZK	47	20	u2zi	translate-names		0	Hamath	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	47	23	hhn8			0	Then it will happen that	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 21:7](../21/07.md).
EZK	47	23	w2zf	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	48	intro	lpq8			0		# Ezekiel 48 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>Instructions for the new temple and city continue in this chapter. There is more dividing of the land between the tribes in this chapter as well.
EZK	48	1	d7s2			0	one portion of land	“one piece of the land that you will distribute”
EZK	48	1	tj9i			0	boundary will run…boundary will go	“boundary will be…boundary will be”
EZK	48	1	gf1l			0	Hethlon	This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:15](../47/15.md).
EZK	48	1	dmd8			0	Lebo Hamath	This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:15](../47/15.md) or [Ezekiel 47:20](../47/20.md)
EZK	48	1	h3d5			0	Hazar Enan	This is the name of a town. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:17](../47/17.md).
EZK	48	4	q979			0	one portion	Translate as you translated “one portion of land” in [Ezekiel 48:1](../48/01.md).
EZK	48	4	npr4			0	from the east side to the west	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 48:3](../48/03.md).
EZK	48	8	e77l			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel.
EZK	48	8	t9ii	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits” or “13.5 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	9	k8kq	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits…ten thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits…10,000 cubits” or “13.5 kilometers…5.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	10	f9ke	figs-activepassive		0	The priests will have land assigned to them	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The leaders of the Israelites will assign land to the priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZK	48	10	z5ek	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits…ten thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits…10,000 cubits” or “13.5 kilometers…5.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	12	z977			0	The offering for them will be a portion of this most holy land	“This smaller portion within the holy portion of the land will belong to these priests, a portion that is more holy than the rest of the holy portion of the land”
EZK	48	13	a2ty	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits…ten thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits…10,000 cubits” or “13.5 kilometers…5.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	14	eh61	figs-metaphor		0	this firstfruits	“this land which is the firstfruits.” Here “firstfruits” probably means the best things among all the offerings set aside to give to God. This land is spoken of in that way, as land set aside for Yahweh’s use. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZK	48	15	m618	translate-numbers		0	five thousand cubits…twenty-five thousand cubits	“5000 cubits…25,000 cubits.” Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “almost 2.3 kilometers…about 13.5 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	15	z6m7			0	will be for the collective use of the city	“will be an area that all the people of the city will share and use”
EZK	48	15	xy66			0	the houses, and the pastureland	“as a place for houses and for an open space”
EZK	48	16	s31f	translate-numbers		0	4,500 cubits	“four thousand five hundred cubits.” Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 2.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	17	mt45	translate-numbers		0	250 cubits	“two hundred and fifty cubits.” A cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 135 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	18	ihu6	translate-numbers		0	ten thousand cubits	“10,000 cubits.” A cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 5.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	18	z3h4			0	its produce	“the food that grows there”
EZK	48	19	fw9z			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel.
EZK	48	20	gl23	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits” or “about 13.5 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	20	q1yu			0	In this way you will make the holy offering of land, together with the land for the city.	“You will offer the holy offering and also the property of the city”
EZK	48	20	tlm3	figs-you		0	you	This is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	48	20	mp4t			0	the holy offering	the land that the people of Israel gave to Yahweh for the Levites, the priests, and the temple
EZK	48	21	rn7q			0	the holy offering	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 48:18](../48/18.md).
EZK	48	21	c5zx	translate-bdistance		0	twenty-five thousand cubits	Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “25,000 cubits” or “about 13.5 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	23	tp6b			0	one portion	Translate as you translated “one portion of land” in [Ezekiel 48:1](../48/01.md).
EZK	48	27	lw7n			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Israel.
EZK	48	28	g789	translate-names		0	Tamar…Meribah Kadesh	names of towns. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:19](../47/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	48	28	i1hx	translate-names		0	the brook of Egypt	a very large ravine in the northeast part of the Sinai. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 47:19](../47/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZK	48	29	f7m3	figs-you		0	you	This is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZK	48	29	qi5a			0	cast lots	See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 45:1](../45/01.md).
EZK	48	29	tpg8	figs-123person		0	This is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “This is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “This is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZK	48	30	t8i6	translate-numbers		0	4,500 cubits	“four thousand five hundred cubits.” Each long cubit was about 54 centimeters. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 40:5](../40/05.md). Alternate translation: “about 2.4 kilometers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZK	48	33	e317	translate-numbers		0	4,500 cubits	“four thousand five hunded cubits.” This is about 2.4 kilometers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])