diff --git a/en_tn_09-1SA.tsv b/en_tn_09-1SA.tsv index 199995d007..34daac6c2e 100644 --- a/en_tn_09-1SA.tsv +++ b/en_tn_09-1SA.tsv @@ -2,41 +2,51 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo 1SA front intro z2ar 0 # Introduction to 1 Samuel
## Part 1: General Introduction

### Outline of 1 Samuel

1. Samuel as judge over Israel (1:1–7:17)
- Samuel as a child (1:1–3:21)
- Shiloh priesthood; the fall and death of Eli the priest (4:1–22)
- The ark of God and the war with the Philistines (5:1–6:21)
- Mizpah; Samuel’s rule over Israel (7:1–17)
1. Saul and Samuel (8:1–15:35)
- Samuel lets the people seek a king (8:1–22)
- Saul anointed king (9:1–10:27)
- Battle and victory over the Ammonites (11:1–15)
- Samuel’s farewell (12:1–25)
- Saul’s weakness and failures (13:1–15:35)
1. David and his conflicts with Saul (16:1–31:13)
- God’s choice of David to be king (16:1–23)
- David fights Goliath (17:1–58)
- Saul’s jealousy of David; David and Jonathan (18:1–20:42)
- David in the wilderness; David in Philistia (21:1–30:31)
- Death of Saul (31:1–13)

### What is the Book of 1 Samuel about?

The Book of 1 Samuel is about Samuel, Saul, and David. Samuel was the last of the judges over Israel. Saul was the first king of Israel. Much of the book is about how Saul became king, then how he later sinned against God and died. God chose David to be king after Saul. This book shows how God protected David when Saul tried to kill him.

### How should the title of this book be translated?

Translators can use the traditional title “1 Samuel” or “First Samuel.” Or, translators may consider a clearer title such as “The First Book About Samuel, Saul, and David.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

### What is the purpose of the Book of 1 Samuel?

The purpose of 1 Samuel is to give an account of the events leading up to David becoming king of Israel. In 1 Samuel, the twelve tribes of Israel unite under the first king of Israel, Saul. But Saul does not obey Yahweh’s commands. So God uses Samuel to choose David as a king who will trust and obey Yahweh.

### Who wrote the Book of 1 Samuel?

It is uncertain who wrote 1 Samuel. It may have been someone alive soon after King Solomon died. When Solomon died, the kingdom of Israel split into two kingdoms. The author probably lived in the southern kingdom of Judah. A descendant of David continued to rule over the southern kingdom. The author may have written 1 Samuel to defend David’s right to be king. This would prove that David’s descendant was the rightful king of God’s people.

## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

### Who is “Yahweh’s anointed”?

The writer of 1 Samuel often speaks of “Yahweh’s anointed.” This refers to the one whom Yahweh chose to be the king of his people. Also, the phrase “Yahweh’s anointed” would make later readers think about the future descendant of David who would become king of God’s people. This person who Yahweh chose would be known as the Messiah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])

## Part 3: Important Translation Issues

### What are curses, as found in 1 Samuel and elsewhere?

A curse is a strong statement a person makes to cause bad things to happen to the person or thing being cursed. A curse usually has this pattern: “May God do so to you, and even more, if you hide anything from me of all the words that he spoke to you” (1 Sam. 3:17). Other instances of curses in 1 and 2 Samuel are found in 1 Sam 14:44; 20:13; 25:22; 2 Sam 3:9, 35; and 19:13. The translator should represent a curse in the project language in as strong a way as possible.

### How is the name “Israel” used in the Bible?

The name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])

The Book of 1 Samuel has two references to Israel and Judah ([1 Samuel 17:52](../17/52.md), [1 Samuel 18:16](../18/16.md)). However, these references appear in the text long before the two kingdoms split apart. It seems clear that the references to Israel and Judah are in the text because the author wrote at a time after the kingdoms split. He wanted the readers to understand that all the twelve tribes had supported David.

### What is the meaning of the phrase “to this day”?

This phrase was used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. He must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation’s readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written” or “to this day, at the time of writing.” This phrase occurs in 1 Samuel 5:5; 6:18: 27:6; 30:25. 1SA 1 intro cj3l 0 # 1 Samuel 01 General Notes
## Structure and formatting

This chapter introduces Samuel. It is the beginning of the section 1, Samuel chapters 1-7, which tell about Samuel, the religious leader of Israel.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Two wives
This was a common practice in the ancient Near East. It was against the law of Moses. The men of Israel would have sinned if they married more than one woman. This type of marriage always creates problems because of jealousy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/jealous]])

### “Pay his vow”
It was customary for Israelites to promise God to make a sacrifice to him if God answered special prayers. Making such a sacrifice was called paying one’s vow. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]])

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Idioms

When Hannah wanted to assure Eli she was telling the truth, she used the idiom “as you live.” This is a type of oath formula meaning “I promise you I am telling the truth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

The author also uses the phrase “call to mind.” This is a common idiom meaning “remember.” 1SA 1 1 xa1t translate-names הָ⁠רָמָתַ֛יִם 1 Ramathaim This is the name of a small village possibly located eight kilometers northwest of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 1 mwm2 translate-names צוֹפִ֖ים 1 the Zuphites This is the name of a people group that descended from Zuph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 1 hizk translate-names אֶפְרָ֑יִם 1 Ephraim Here, **Ephraim** refers to the land that was allotted to the people belonging to the Israelite tribe of Ephraim (Joshua 16:1-9). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 1 mwm2 translate-names צוֹפִ֖ים 1 the Zuphites The phrase **the Zuphites** refers to the people group that descended from Zuph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 1 hizk translate-names אֶפְרָ֑יִם 1 Ephraim Here, **Ephraim** refers to the land that was allotted to the people belonging to the Israelite tribe of Ephraim (see Joshua 16:1-9). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) 1SA 1 1 cjl8 translate-names אֶ֠לְקָנָה…יְרֹחָ֧ם…אֱלִיה֛וּא…תֹּ֥חוּ…צ֖וּף 1 Elkanah … Jeroham … Elihu … Tohu … Zuph These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 1 x8xp translate-names אֶפְרָתִֽי 1 Ephraimite Here, the term **Ephraimite** refers to anyone living in the territory of Ephraim.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 2 roc0 writing-pronouns וְ⁠ל⁠וֹ֙ 1 him Here, the pronoun **him** refers to Elkanah.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]]) +1SA 1 1 x8xp translate-names אֶפְרָתִֽי 1 Ephraimite Here, **Ephraimite** refers to anyone living in the territory of Ephraim.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 2 roc0 writing-pronouns וְ⁠ל⁠וֹ֙ 1 him The pronoun **him** refers to Elkanah.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]]) 1SA 1 2 g5tk translate-names 1 Hannah ... Peninnah These are the names of two women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 3 zzb5 writing-pronouns הָ⁠אִ֨ישׁ הַ⁠ה֤וּא 1 that man Here, the word **that** in the phrase **that man** is a demonstrative pronoun which refers to Elkanah. Alternate translation: “the man Elkanah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
-1SA 1 3 kws9 figs-go וְ⁠עָלָה֩ 1 went up Here, **went up** indicates that in order to reach Shiloh, Elkanah
had to travel from a lower location to a higher location because Shiloh was located in a mountainous region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -1SA 1 3 j91i מִ⁠יָּמִ֣ים׀ יָמִ֔ימָ⁠ה 1 **days to days** This is a Hebrew idiom. Alternate translation: “year by year” or “annually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +1SA 1 3 zzb5 writing-pronouns הָ⁠אִ֨ישׁ הַ⁠ה֤וּא 1 that man The word **that** in the phrase **that man** is a demonstrative pronoun which refers to Elkanah. Alternate translation: “the man Elkanah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
+1SA 1 3 kws9 figs-go וְ⁠עָלָה֩ 1 went up Here, **went up** indicates that in order to reach Shiloh, Elkanah had to travel from a lower location to a higher location because Shiloh was located in a mountainous region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) +1SA 1 3 j91i מִ⁠יָּמִ֣ים׀ יָמִ֔ימָ⁠ה 1 The expression **days to days** is a Hebrew idiom. Alternate translation: “year by year” or “annually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) 1SA 1 3 w8se translate-names עֵלִ֗י…חָפְנִי֙…וּ⁠פִ֣נְחָ֔ס 1 Eli, Hophni and Phinehas These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 4 imlh מָנֽוֹת 1 Here, the word **portions** refers to portions of meat. See UST.
Alternate translation: “meat portions” or “portions of meat” -1SA 1 4 emtw writing-background וְ⁠נָתַ֞ן 1 Beginning here, and continuing until the middle of verse 7, the author provides background information and explains what took place repeatedly year after year in order to help readers better understand the story.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) -1SA 1 5 xq4v translate-names וּ⁠לְ⁠חַנָּ֕ה 1 Hannah Hannah is a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 4 imlh מָנֽוֹת 1 Here, **portions** refers to portions of meat. See UST.
Alternate translation: “meat portions” or “portions of meat” +1SA 1 4 emtw writing-background וְ⁠נָתַ֞ן 1 Beginning here and continuing until the middle of verse 7, the author provides background information and explains what took place repeatedly year after year in order to help readers better understand the story.
(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) +1SA 1 5 xq4v translate-names וּ⁠לְ⁠חַנָּ֕ה 1 Hannah **Hannah** is a woman’s name. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:2](../01/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) 1SA 1 5 k5i7 מָנָ֥ה אַחַ֖ת אַפָּ֑יִם 1 Here, **one portion of two faces** most likely means either (1) that Elkanah gave Hannah a double portion or (2) that Elkanah gave Hannah especially desirable portions of meat. Alternate translation: “a double portion” or “a special portion” -1SA 1 5 b7ri figs-euphemism סָגַ֥ר רַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 closed her womb Here, **shut her womb** is a euphemism which means that Yahweh had not allowed Hannah to become pregnant.
“If it would be clearer in your language you can use a phrase that would be most natural in your language.”
Alternative translation: “made her barren” or “prevented her from becoming pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) -1SA 1 5 8cg0 translate-unknown מָנָ֥ה 1 Here, **portions** refers to the portions of meat that God let the people eat from the animal which they sacrificed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) +1SA 1 5 b7ri figs-euphemism סָגַ֥ר רַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 closed her womb The phrase **shut her womb** is a euphemism which means that Yahweh had not allowed Hannah to become pregnant. If it would be clearer in your language, you can use a phrase that would be most natural in your language. Alternative translation: “made her barren” or “prevented her from becoming pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) +1SA 1 5 cg80 translate-unknown מָנָ֥ה 1 Here, **portions** refers to the portions of meat that God let the people eat from the animal which they sacrificed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) 1SA 1 6 mw8a צָֽרָתָ⁠הּ֙ 1 Here, **her rival** refers to Hannah’s rival Peninnah. It is probable that Elkanah took Peninnah as his second wife after Hannah was unable to bear children so that he could have offspring by Penninah. This would result in Hannah and Peninnah viewing each other as rivals. You can use a word or phrase that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his second wife” or “her co-wife” -1SA 1 6 f5cg וְ⁠כִֽעֲסַ֤תָּ⁠ה צָֽרָתָ⁠הּ֙ גַּם־כַּ֔עַס בַּ⁠עֲב֖וּר הַרְּעִמָ֑⁠הּ 1 Her rival provoked her severely This means that Peninnah would intentionally seek ways to humiliate and mock Hannah so that she would feel emotionally disturbed and be greatly troubled in spirit. You can translate this is a way that would be most natural in your language. See UST -1SA 1 6 gq73 figs-simile הַרְּעִמָ֑⁠הּ 1 Here, **cause to thunder** is a figurative way of saying that Peninnah’s actions caused Hannah to be greatly irritated or troubled. The point of this comparison is that Peninnah would cause Hannah to be greatly bothered and disrupted in a way that is similar to the sky being disrupted to the extent of thundering. You can communicate this in a way which would be most natural in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) -1SA 1 6 wy2z בְּעַ֥ד רַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 Here, **shut up her womb** is a euphemism which means that Yahweh had not allowed Hannah to become pregnant. You can use a phrase that would be most natural in your language.
Alternative translation: “made her barren” or “prevented her from becoming pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) +1SA 1 6 f5cg grammar-connect-logic-result

וְ⁠כִֽעֲסַ֤תָּ⁠ה צָֽרָתָ⁠הּ֙ גַּם־כַּ֔עַס בַּ⁠עֲב֖וּר הַרְּעִמָ֑⁠הּ 1 Her rival provoked her severely This means that Peninnah would intentionally seek ways to humiliate and mock Hannah so that she would feel emotionally disturbed and be greatly troubled in spirit. You can translate this is a way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And Peninnah would intentionally provoke Hannah for the purpose of hurting her feelings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) +1SA 1 6 gq73 figs-simile הַרְּעִמָ֑⁠הּ 1 The phrase **cause her to thunder** is a figurative way of saying that Peninnah’s actions caused Hannah to be greatly irritated or troubled. The point of this comparison is that Peninnah would cause Hannah to be greatly bothered and disrupted in a way that is similar to the sky being disrupted to the extent of thundering. You can communicate this in a way which would be most natural in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) +1SA 1 6 wy2z בְּעַ֥ד רַחְמָֽ⁠הּ 1 The phrase **shut up her womb** is a euphemism which means that Yahweh had not allowed Hannah to become pregnant. You can use a phrase that would be most natural in your language.
Alternative translation: “made her barren” or “prevented her from becoming pregnant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) 1SA 1 7 bzk3 figs-go עֲלֹתָ⁠הּ֙ 1 her rival Here, **went up** indicates that in order to reach Shiloh, Elkanah had to travel from a lower location to a higher location because Shiloh was located in a mountainous region. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 1:3](../01/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) -1SA 1 8 nz4v figs-rquestion 0 Hannah, why do you weep? Why do you not eat? Why is your heart sad? Am I not better to you than ten sons? These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements, if necessary. Alternate translation: “Hannah, you should not weep. You should eat, and your heart should be glad because I am better to you than ten sons!” or “You have little reason for sadness. I favor you and that should be enough.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) -1SA 1 8 tt3y figs-hyperbole 0 than ten sons Elkanah is exaggerating to emphasize how important Hannah is to him. Alternate translation: “than any son could be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) -1SA 1 9 s3gh 0 General Information: Hannah begins to pray to Yahweh, and Eli watches. -1SA 1 9 kgv8 figs-explicit 0 Hannah rose up after Implicit information here can be made explicit. Either Hannah’s tent was next to the tabernacle tent or she walked from her tent to the tabernacle to pray. Alternate translation: “Hannah rose up and went to the house of Yahweh to pray after” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -1SA 1 9 hic6 translate-names 0 Now Eli the priest “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells about a new person in the story. This person is the priest Eli. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 9 qdl6 0 the temple of Yahweh The “temple” was actually a tent, but it was where the people worshiped, so it is best to translate as “temple” here. -1SA 1 10 b85f figs-explicit 0 She was deeply distressed Hannah was deeply troubled or grieved because of not having any children and being ridiculed regularly by Peninnah, her husband’s other wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -1SA 1 11 peh3 0 Connecting Statement: Hannah’s prayer to Yahweh continues. -1SA 1 11 ri9r figs-abstractnouns 0 the affliction of your servant The abstract noun **affliction** can be translated as a verbal phrase. This refers either to: (1) Hannah being unable to become pregnant. Alternate translation: “how I am suffering because I cannot become pregnant” or (2) the way Peninnah always insulted her. Alternate translation: “how that woman is afflicting me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -1SA 1 11 l71a 0 call me to mind This is a special plea to God to take action on Hannah’s behalf. God does know what is happening to Hannah; he has not forgotten. -1SA 1 11 ee3h figs-parallelism 0 do not forget your servant This phrase says almost the same thing as “call me to mind.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) -1SA 1 12 js4q translate-names 0 Eli watched her Eli was the chief priest, so he was in the tabernacle of God and in charge of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -1SA 1 15 qnz5 0 I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit “I am a woman who is deeply sad” -1SA 1 15 fzi6 figs-idiom 0 pouring out my soul before Yahweh This is an idiom that means “telling Yahweh my deepest emotions.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +1SA 1 7 x38f writing-pronouns עֲלֹתָ⁠הּ֙ 1 Here, **she** refers to Hannah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]]) +1SA 1 8 nz4v figs-rquestion לָ֣⁠מֶה תִבְכִּ֗י וְ⁠לָ֨⁠מֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְלִ֔י וְ⁠לָ֖⁠מֶה יֵרַ֣ע לְבָבֵ֑⁠ךְ הֲ⁠ל֤וֹא אָֽנֹכִי֙ ט֣וֹב לָ֔⁠ךְ מֵ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה בָּנִֽים 1 Hannah, why do you weep? Why do you not eat? Why is your heart sad? Am I not better to you than ten sons? These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements, if necessary. Alternate translation: “you should not weep. You should eat, and your heart should be glad because I am better to you than ten sons!” or “you have little reason for sadness. I favor you and that should be enough.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +1SA 1 8 tt3y figs-hyperbole הֲ⁠ל֤וֹא אָֽנֹכִי֙ ט֣וֹב לָ֔⁠ךְ מֵ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה בָּנִֽים 1 than ten sons Elkanah is intentionally exaggerating to emphasize what he wants Hannah to understand. Alternate translation: “Am I not better to you than any son could be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) +1SA 1 9 kgv8 figs-explicit וַ⁠תָּ֣קָם חַנָּ֔ה אַחֲרֵ֛י 1 Hannah rose up after Implicit information here can be made explicit. Either Hannah’s tent was next to the tabernacle tent or she walked from her tent to the tabernacle to pray. Alternate translation: “Hannah rose up and went to the house of Yahweh to pray after” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +1SA 1 9 hic6 translate-names וְ⁠עֵלִ֣י 1 Now Eli the priest **Now** is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells about a new person in the story. This person is the priest **Eli**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 9 qdl6 translate-unknown הֵיכַ֥ל 1 the temple of Yahweh Here, **the temple** was actually a tent, but it was where the people worshiped, so it is translated as **temple** here. You could use an equivalent word or phrase to describe **temple** in your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) +1SA 1 10 b85f figs-explicit וְ⁠הִ֖יא מָ֣רַת נָ֑פֶשׁ וַ⁠תִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל עַל־יְהוָ֖ה וּ⁠בָכֹ֥ה תִבְכֶּֽה 1 She was deeply distressed Hannah prayed to Yahweh because she was greatly grieved because she was not able to have any children and because Peninnah regularly ridiculed her. If it would be clearer in your language you could state this explicitly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +1SA 1 10 k0z1 figs-simile מָ֣רַת נָ֑פֶשׁ 1 Here, **bitter of spirit** is a simile. The point of this comparison is that Hannah’s emotional state was very unpleasant and undesirable, comparable to the unpleasant experience of eating something very bitter tasting. In your translation, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “was greatly distressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) +1SA 1 11 hzpb figs-explicit וַ⁠תִּדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר 1 **vowed a vow** is a way of saying that Hannah made a promise. If it would be clearer in your language you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “made a promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
+1SA 1 11 vqab writing-quotations וַ⁠תֹּאמַ֗ר 1 Here, **and said** is introducing the quotation of Hannah’s prayer to Yahweh. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and this is what she prayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]]) +1SA 1 11 peh3 writing-quotations יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אִם־רָאֹ֥ה תִרְאֶ֣ה׀ בָּ⁠עֳנִ֣י אֲמָתֶ֗⁠ךָ וּ⁠זְכַרְתַּ֨⁠נִי֙ וְ⁠לֹֽא־תִשְׁכַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲמָתֶ֔⁠ךָ וְ⁠נָתַתָּ֥ה לַ⁠אֲמָתְ⁠ךָ֖ זֶ֣רַע אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּ⁠נְתַתִּ֤י⁠ו לַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ כָּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֔י⁠ו וּ⁠מוֹרָ֖ה לֹא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עַל־רֹאשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 Connecting Statement: This portion is the quotation of Hannah’s prayer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]])
+1SA 1 11 ri9r figs-abstractnouns בָּ⁠עֳנִ֣י 1 the affliction of your servant The abstract noun **affliction** can be translated as a verbal phrase. This refers either to: (1) Hannah being unable to become pregnant. Alternate translation: “how I am suffering because I cannot become pregnant” or (2) the way Peninnah always insulted her. Alternate translation: “how that woman is afflicting me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) +1SA 1 11 ee3h figs-doublet וּ⁠זְכַרְתַּ֨⁠נִי֙ וְ⁠לֹֽא־תִשְׁכַּ֣ח 1 do not forget your servant These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The repetition is used for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these two phrases. Alternate translation: “and indeed remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) +1SA 1 11 m3wr figs-hyperbole וּ⁠זְכַרְתַּ֨⁠נִי֙ וְ⁠לֹֽא־תִשְׁכַּ֣ח 1 Hannah does not actually think that Yahweh is unaware of her situation or has forgotten about it. Rather, this is an emphatic and urgent way of asking Yahweh to act on her behalf by answering her prayer for a son. Alternate translation: “and give heed to, and act on behalf of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
+1SA 1 11 y3ce general-information וּ⁠נְתַתִּ֤י⁠ו לַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ כָּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֔י⁠ו וּ⁠מוֹרָ֖ה לֹא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עַל־רֹאשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 This portion of Hannah’s prayer contains her promise to Yahweh. She tells Yahweh that if he gives her, her request for a son, she will dedicate the child to Yahweh all the days of his life and not give him a haircut. +1SA 1 12 q3g7 figs-idiom כִּ֣י הִרְבְּתָ֔ה לְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל 1 The phrase **increased to pray** is a Hebrew idiom. It means that Hannah was continuing in prayer, or making her prayers many. It is used here to show that Hannah was praying for a long time. Alternate translation: “when she continued praying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +1SA 1 12 ddxz figs-idiom לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י 1 The phrase **before the face of** is a Hebrew idiom. It is used to show that something takes place in front of or in the presence of someone or something else. It is used here to show that Hannah was praying in the presence of Yahweh. Use the term or phrase in your language that would most naturally communicate that something takes place in front of someone or in the presence of someone. Alternate translation: “in the presence of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +1SA 1 12 js4q translate-names וְ⁠עֵלִ֖י 1 Eli watched her **Eli** was the chief priest, so he was in the tabernacle of God and in charge of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) +1SA 1 13 ne47 grammar-connect-logic-goal וְ⁠חַנָּ֗ה הִ֚יא מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת עַל־לִבָּ֔⁠הּ רַ֚ק שְׂפָתֶ֣י⁠הָ נָּע֔וֹת וְ⁠קוֹלָ֖⁠הּ לֹ֣א יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ וַ⁠יַּחְשְׁבֶ֥⁠הָ עֵלִ֖י לְ⁠שִׁכֹּרָֽה 1 If it would be clearer in you language, you could arrange the order of events in a way that is most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Now Hannah was silently praying. And Eli assumed that she was drunk, because she was not making any sound, only her lips were moving” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]]) +1SA 1 13 sw9f figs-metaphor מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת עַל־לִבָּ֔⁠הּ 1 Here, **heart** is used figuratively. Use the term or phrase that would be most natural in your language. If you do not have a figurative way to express this in your language you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

+1SA 1 14 m16w figs-rquestion עַד־מָתַ֖י תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑י⁠ן 1 Eli is stating this in the form of a question for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +1SA 1 15 qnz5 קְשַׁת־ר֨וּחַ֙ 1 I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit Alternative translation: “deeply sad” +1SA 1 15 fzi6 figs-idiom וָ⁠אֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֖⁠י 1 pouring out my soul before Yahweh Here, **pouring out** refers to emptying the contents of what is inside something. Here it is used figuratively, and so the phrase **pouring out my soul** means telling Yahweh one’s troubles or deepest emotions. If it would be clearer in your language, you can state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but I have been telling my troubles” or “but I have been telling my deepest emotions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) +1SA 1 15 irvy figs-idiom לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י 1 The phrase **before the face of** is a Hebrew idiom. It is used to show that something takes place in front of or in the presence of someone or something else. It is used here to show that Hannah was praying in the presence of Yahweh. Use the term or phrase in your language that would most naturally communicate that something takes place in front of someone or in the presence of someone. Alternate translation: “in the presence of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) 1SA 1 16 a5rz figs-123person 0 Do not consider your servant to be Hannah speaks of herself in the second person to show her humility. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “Do not consider me, your servant, to be” or “Do not consider me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) 1SA 1 16 lf9r figs-abstractnouns 0 I have been speaking out of the abundance of my great concern and provocation This is another way of saying that she has a “sorrowful spirit,” as in 1:15. The abstract nouns “abundance,” “concern,” and “provocation” can be translated as adjectives and verbs. Alternate translation: “I have been speaking because I am very sad, and my rival has greatly provoked me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) 1SA 1 16 j8n8 figs-doublet 0 concern and provocation These words both mean that Hannah is sad and annoyed because her rival has been provoking her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])