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Merge tracypreslar-tc-create-1 into master by tracypreslar (#3340)
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tn_2SA.tsv
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tn_2SA.tsv
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@ -360,24 +360,20 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
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9:12 u3qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy All who lived in the house of Ziba 0 Here “house” represents Ziba’s family. Alternate translation: “All of Ziba’s family”
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9:13 caj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he always ate at the king’s table 0 Here “table” represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate translation: “he always ate with the king at his table”
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9:13 du2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy though he was lame in both his feet 0 Here “feet” represents the ability to walk. Alternate translation: “though he was unable to walk”
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10:intro abca 0 # 2 Samuel 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe chapter records the last expansion of David’s kingdom. This chapter is also the beginning of a section dealing with the war between Israel and Ammon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Shame\n\nIt was apparently the cause of shame or embarrassment in ancient Ammon to have their beards shaved off or to have their garments cut off. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe Ammon people used a metaphor comparing themselves to a bad smell: “they had become a stench to David” when they realized they had made David very angry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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10:intro abca 0 # 2 Samuel 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe chapter records the last expansion of David’s kingdom. This chapter is also the beginning of a section dealing with the war between Israel and Ammon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Shame\n\nIt was apparently the cause of shame or embarrassment in ancient Ammon to have their beards shaved off or to have their garments cut off. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n
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10:1 g3zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hanun 0 This is the name of a man.
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10:2 k9r2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hanun … Nahash 0 These are the names of men.
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10:3 r4at rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you really think that … you? 0 The leaders use a question to suggest to the king that he should not trust David. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to think that … you!”
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10:3 zys4 to spy 0 to secretly learn information about someone else
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10:3 gmb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Has not David … overthrow it? 0 The leaders use a question to suggest to the king that he should not trust David. Alternate translation: “You need to know that David … overthrow it.”
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10:3 d8ec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in order to overthrow it 0 Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “in order to conquer us”
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10:3 bm5t the city 0 Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
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10:4 g9ma rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit shaved off half their beards 0 This act was meant as an insult to humiliate the men.
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10:5 jt3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom were deeply ashamed 0 Here “deeply” is an idiom that means “very.”
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10:4 g9ma rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction shaved off half their beards 0 This act was meant as an insult to humiliate the men.
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10:5 v21l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis then return 0 It is understood that they should return to Jerusalem.
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10:6 v8si rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they had become a stench to David 0 The phrase “become a stench” is a metaphor for “they had become offensive.” Alternate translation: “they had become offensive like a bad smell to David”
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10:6 t6tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Beth Rehob … Zobah … Maacah … Tob 0 These are the names of places.
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10:6 gk6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty thousand … a thousand … twelve thousand 0 “20,000 … 1,000 … 12,000”
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10:8 u7sj to their city gate 0 Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
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10:10 ka2a The rest of his people he put into the hand of Abishai his brother 0 Alternate translation: “He put Abishai his brother in charge of the rest of the army”
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10:11 i9k3 0 # General Information:\n\nJoab gets the army ready for battle.
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10:11 nlq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche for me, then you, Abishai, must rescue me 0 Here “me” refers to Joab. Joab and Abishai represents themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “for us, then you, Abishai, and your army must rescue us”
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10:11 nlq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche for me, then you, Abishai, must rescue me 0 Joab and Abishai represents themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “for us, then you, Abishai, and your army must rescue us”
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10:14 q6sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche from Abishai 0 Here Abishai represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “from Abishai and his soldiers”
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10:14 d64c into the city 0 Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
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10:14 v8x9 went back to Jerusalem 0 Alternate translation: “returned to Jerusalem”
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@ -388,115 +384,92 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
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10:16 rhn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Helam 0 This is the name of a place.
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10:17 pz1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive When David was told this 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When David heard about this”
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10:17 vk7a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy gathered all Israel together 0 Here “Israel” represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “assembled all the army of Israel together”
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10:17 ism8 Helam 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:17 ism8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Helam 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:17 ln59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche against David and fought him 0 Here David represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “against David and his soldiers and fought them”
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10:18 tev3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche David killed 0 Here “David” is a synecdoche for himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers killed”
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10:18 uc7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven hundred … forty thousand 0 “700 … 40,000”
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10:18 zwc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Shobak the commander of their army was wounded and died there 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelites wounded Shobak the commander of the Aramean army, and he died there”
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10:18 s2lg Shobak 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:19 s2mk Hadarezer 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:18 s2lg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shobak 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:19 s2mk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hadarezer 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
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10:19 dzd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive saw that they were defeated by Israel 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “realized that the Israelites had defeated them”
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11:intro abcb 0 # 2 Samuel 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a new section of David’s life. God punished David by allowing his family to have many problems.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### David’s adultery and the murder of Uriah\nThe army of Israel defeated the army of Ammon and then they besieged Ammon’s capital while David stayed in Jerusalem. One day, David saw a beautiful woman, named Bathsheba, bathing. He committed adultery with her. When she became pregnant, David tried to cover up his sin. When this did not work, he had her husband killed in battle. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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11:1 eqn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It came about in the springtime 0 “It happened in the springtime.” This introduces a new event in the story line.
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11:intro abcb 0 # 2 Samuel 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a new section of David’s life. God punished David by allowing his family to have many problems.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n
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11:1 eqn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It came about in the springtime 0 This introduces a new event in the story line.
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11:1 jf4r at the time 0 Alternate translation: “at the time of year”
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11:1 a4ds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit David sent out Joab, his servants, and all the army of Israel 0 David sent them out to war. This can be stated clearly. Also, the word “his” refers to David. Alternate translation: “David sent Joab, his servants, and all the army of Israel to war”
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11:1 qac9 the army of Ammon 0 Alternate translation: “the Ammonite army”
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11:1 qac9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the army of Ammon 0 Alternate translation: “the Ammonite army”
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11:1 myy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Rabbah 0 This is the name of a city.
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11:2 wi9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent So it came about 0 “So it happened” or “So it came to pass.” The author uses this phrase to introduce the next event in the story line.
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11:2 wi9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent So it came about 0 The author uses this phrase to introduce the next event in the story line.
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11:2 qi78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit a woman who was bathing 0 The woman was not on the roof, she would have been bathing outside in the courtyard of her house. Alternate translation: “a woman who was bathing in the courtyard of her house”
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11:3 yv7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom So David sent 0 Here the word “sent” means that David sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “So David sent a messenger”
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11:3 r92k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he asked people who would know about the woman 0 David was trying to find out who the woman was. The word “he” refers to David, but is a metonym for the messenger that David sent. The messenger was to ask the people for information about her. Alternate translation: “the messenger asked the people who knew her about who she was” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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11:3 ht5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is not this Bathsheba … and is she not the wife of Uriah the Hittite? 0 This question gives information and can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is Bathsheba … and she is the wife of Uriah the Hittite.”
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11:4 s4dn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy took her 0 David actually sent messengers, and they took her and brought her to him. Alternate translation: “they brought her to him”
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11:4 x8kf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy she came in to him 0 She came into his palace and into his bedroom. Alternate translation: “she came into the place where he was”
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11:4 s4dn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy took her 0 David sent messengers, and they took her and brought her to him. Alternate translation: “they brought her to him”
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11:4 qka3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism he lay with her 0 This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. You may need to use a different euphemism in your language.
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11:4 n2gg menstruation 0 the time when a woman bleeds from her womb
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11:5 e4v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom she sent and told David; she said, “I am pregnant.” 0 Here the word “sent” means that she sent a messenger to tell David that she was pregnant. Alternate translation: “she sent a messenger to David, and the messenger told David that she was pregnant”
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11:6 bds8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Then David sent 0 Here the word “sent” means that David sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “Then David sent a messenger”
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11:7 vjr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom how Joab was, how the army was doing, and how the war was going 0 David was asking if Joab and the army were well and about the progress of the war. Alternate translation: “if Joab was well, if other soldiers were well, and how the war was progressing”
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11:8 qzu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Go down to your house 0 The phrase **go down** could mean: (1) Uriah’s house was located at a lower elevation than the king’s palace or (2) Uriah’s house was of lesser importance than the king’s palace. Alternate translation: “Go to your house”
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11:8 f1gh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy wash your feet 0 This phrase is a metonym for returning home to rest for the night after working all day. Alternate translation: “rest for the night”
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11:8 s4b9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the king sent a gift for Uriah 0 David sent someone to bring the gift to Uriah. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the king sent someone to take a gift to Uriah”
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11:9 fp1u his master 0 The word “his” refers to Uriah and the word “master” refers to David.
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11:10 p5tg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you not come from a journey? Why did you not go down to your house? 0 This rhetorical question is used to show David’s surprise that Uriah did not visit his wife. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “After coming from such a long journey, you should have gone down to your house.”
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11:11 t1wr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Israel and Judah 0 This refers to their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of Israel and Judah”
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11:11 w65k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How then can I go into my house … with my wife? 0 This rhetorical question is used to emphasize Uriah’s refusal to visit his wife and can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be wrong for me to go into my house … with my wife while the other soldiers in my army are in danger.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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11:11 w65k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How then can I go into my house … with my wife? 0 This rhetorical question is used to emphasize Uriah’s refusal to visit his wife and can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be wrong for me to go into my house … with my wife while the other soldiers in my army are in danger.”
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11:11 k6b2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism to lie with my wife 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with my wife”
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11:11 ww5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile As sure as you are alive, I will not do this 0 Uriah swears a strong promise that he will not go home to his wife as long as the rest of the soldiers are at war. He makes this promise by comparing the truth of his promise to the certainty that the king was alive. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that I will not do this”
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11:11 ww5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula As sure as you are alive, I will not do this 0 Uriah swears a strong promise that he will not go home to his wife as long as the rest of the soldiers are at war. He makes this promise by comparing the truth of his promise to the certainty that the king was alive. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that I will not do this”
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11:13 a9yz he ate and drank before him 0 Alternate translation: “Uriah ate and drank with David”
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11:13 xex1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom down to his house 0 Possible meanings of the word **down** are: (1) Uriah’s house was located at a lower elevation than the king’s palace or (2) Uriah’s house was of lesser importance than the king’s palace. See how you translated the similar phrase “down to your house” in [2 Samuel 11:8](../11/08.md). Alternate translation: “to his house”
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11:14 c9uz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche sent it by the hand of Uriah 0 The phrase “the hand of Uriah” refers to Uriah himself. Alternate translation: “sent Uriah himself to deliver it to him”
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11:15 r9ph very front of the most intense battle 0 Alternate translation: “very front of the battle line where the fighting is the worst”
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11:15 r9ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession very front of the most intense battle 0 Alternate translation: “very front of the battle line where the fighting is the worst”
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11:15 z3us withdraw from him 0 Alternate translation: “command the soldiers to back away from him”
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11:15 sac7 he may be hit and killed 0 Alternate translation: “he may be wounded and killed”
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11:16 di6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns the siege upon the city 0 The word “siege” can be expressed with the verbs “surround” and “attack.” Alternate translation: “his army surround and attack the city”
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11:17 x2mt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism some of the soldiers of David fell 0 The word “fell” is a polite way to refer to the soldiers being killed. Alternate translation: “David’s soldiers were killed” or “they killed some of David’s soldiers”
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11:17 s5r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive and Uriah the Hittite was also killed there 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “including Uriah the Hittite” or “and the men of the city also killed Uriah the Hittite”
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11:18 g9kw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Joab sent word to David 0 The phrase “sent word” means that he sent a messenger to give a report. Alternate translation: “Joab sent a messenger to David to give a report”
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11:20 a8wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you go so near … from the wall? 0 Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. These questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near to the city to fight. You should have known that they would shoot from the wall.”
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11:20 a8wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you go so near … from the wall? 0 These questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near to the city to fight. You should have known that they would shoot from the wall.”
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11:20 n65u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit shoot from the wall 0 This refers to men of the city shooting arrows down at their enemy from the top of the city wall. Alternate translation: “shoot arrows at you from the top of the city wall”
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11:21 h8q7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who killed Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth? 0 Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember how Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth was killed!”
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11:21 h8q7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who killed Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember how Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth was killed!”
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11:21 h97r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth 0 This is the name of a man. His father is also know by the name Gideon.
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11:21 uf4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did not a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the wall, so that he died at Thebez? 0 Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember he died at Thebez when a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the top of the wall.”
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11:21 zx1s millstone 0 a heavy stone that would roll, used to crush grain for making bread
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11:21 uf4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did not a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the wall, so that he died at Thebez? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember he died at Thebez when a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the top of the wall.”
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11:21 zx1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown millstone 0 a heavy stone that would roll, used to crush grain for making bread
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11:21 g9p7 from the wall 0 Alternate translation: “from the top of the city wall”
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11:21 q6dz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Thebez 0 This is the name of a city.
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11:21 p6i4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you go so near the wall? 0 Joab says that David may rebuke him by asking these rhetorical questions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near the wall!”
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11:21 p6i4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why did you go so near the wall? 0 If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near the wall!”
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11:23 ax3f the gate 0 Alternate translation: “the city gate”
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11:24 jnl2 their shooters shot 0 Alternate translation: “their shooters shot arrows”
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11:24 ay8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive some of the king’s servants were killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they killed some of the king’s servants”
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11:24 ych3 king’s servants 0 Here “servants” refers to soldiers, not slaves, because soldiers were servants of the king.
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11:24 bf6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive your servant Uriah the Hittite was killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they killed your servant Uriah the Hittite”
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11:25 v2pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the sword devours one as well as another 0 Here “the sword” refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing someone with a sword is spoken of as if the sword were “eating” the people. Alternate translation: “for one man can be killed by a sword the same as another man” or “for any man can die in battle” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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11:25 v2pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the sword devours one as well as another 0 Here “the sword” refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing someone with a sword is spoken of as if the sword were “eating” the people. Alternate translation: “for one man can be killed by a sword the same as another man” or “for any man can die in battle”
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11:25 mk7a Make your battle even stronger 0 Alternate translation: “Fight even stronger”
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11:26 gx4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor she lamented deeply 0 Here the author speaks of her lamenting very much as if it were deep inside her. Alternate translation: “she lamented very much” or “she lamented greatly”
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11:27 d34z sorrow 0 a deep feeling of sadness caused by suffering, disappointment or misfortune
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11:27 d21w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom David sent and took her home 0 Here the word “sent” means that he sent a messenger to get her and bring her to him. Alternate translation: “David sent a messenger to her to bring her home” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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11:27 d21w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom David sent and took her home 0 Here the word “sent” means that he sent a messenger to get her and bring her to him. Alternate translation: “David sent a messenger to her to bring her home”
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11:27 cq8x displeased Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “saddened Yahweh” or “angered Yahweh”
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12:intro abcc 0 # 2 Samuel 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the final expansion of David’s kingdom and records the end of the war with Ammon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### David’s punishment\nGod sent a prophet to confront David. He said that because David had Uriah killed, there would always be killing in his family and that the baby conceived with Bathsheba would die. David prayed that the baby be allowed to live, but the infant died. Bathsheba then had another son, who was named Solomon. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
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12:intro abcc 0 # 2 Samuel 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the final expansion of David’s kingdom and records the end of the war with Ammon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n
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12:3 jfa8 ewe lamb 0 a female lamb
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12:3 wd4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile was like a daughter to him 0 This refers to the closeness of this man and his little lamb. Alternate translation: “he loved it as much as if it were one of his daughters”
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12:4 vv6b ewe lamb 0 a young, female sheep
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12:4 c763 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit for his visitor 0 It was for his visitor to eat. Alternate translation: “for his visitor to eat”
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12:5 tm95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor David was hot with anger against 0 Here the author describes how David was very angry as if his body were physically hot because of his anger. Alternate translation: “David became furious with” or “David became very angry with”
|
||||
12:5 v4ka he raged to Nathan 0 This means that David spoke angrily to Nathan.
|
||||
12:5 gd2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit As Yahweh lives 0 This expresses that David was swearing an oath or serious promise. Alternate translation: “I declare, as surely as Yahweh lives”
|
||||
12:5 r45b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to be put to death 0 This means to be killed. Also, that can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to be killed” or “to die” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
12:6 m494 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers He must pay back the lamb four times over 0 The amount the rich man was required to pay back to the poor man was to be four times what the little lamb cost. “He must pay the poor man four times the price of the lamb” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
12:6 l1te pity 0 to feel sadness and love for someone who is suffering or hurt or not loved
|
||||
12:5 gd2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula As Yahweh lives 0 This expresses that David was swearing an oath or serious promise. Alternate translation: “I declare, as surely as Yahweh lives”
|
||||
12:5 r45b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to be put to death 0 This means to be killed.
|
||||
12:7 x85z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of the hand of Saul 0 Here the word “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “out of Saul’s control” or “from Saul’s control”
|
||||
12:8 ty2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor your master’s wives into your arms 0 Here Yahweh describes David having his master’s wives as his own wives, by saying that they are “in his arms.” Alternate translation: “your master’s wives as your own”
|
||||
12:8 v7tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah 0 Here Yahweh speaks of how he gave David his authority as king over Israel and Judah as if he gave him the houses of Israel and Judah as a gift. The phrase “the house of” means “the people of.” Alternate translation: “I also gave you authority as king over the people of Israel and Judah”
|
||||
12:8 ty2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor your master’s wives into your arms 0 Here Yahweh describes David having his master’s wives as his own wives, by saying that they are “in his lap.” Alternate translation: “your master’s wives as your own”
|
||||
12:8 v7tc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah 0 Here Yahweh speaks of how he gave David his authority as king over Israel and Judah as if he gave him the houses of Israel and Judah as a gift.
|
||||
12:8 j40n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 The phrase “the house of” means “the people of.”
|
||||
12:8 sr3v if that had been too little 0 Alternate translation: “if I had not given you enough”
|
||||
12:9 nb14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion So why have you despised … Yahweh, so as to do what is evil in his sight? 0 This rhetorical question is used to rebuke David. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have despised … Yahweh and should not have done what is evil in his sight!”
|
||||
12:9 nb14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion So why have you despised … Yahweh, so as to do what is evil in his sight? 0 This rhetorical question is used to rebuke David. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement, as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
12:9 ctt1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what is evil in his sight 0 Here “sight” refers to Yahweh’s thoughts or opinion. Alternate translation: “what he considers to be evil” or “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgement”
|
||||
12:9 iy29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword 0 David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle. The phrase “with the sword” represents how Uriah died in battle. Alternate translation: “You have arranged for Uriah the Hittite to die in battle”
|
||||
12:9 n595 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You killed him with the sword of the army of Ammon 0 David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon. The phrase “with the sword” refers to how he died in battle. Alternate translation: “You arranged for him to die in battle against the army of Ammon”
|
||||
12:10 t13v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the sword will never leave your house 0 Here the word “sword” refers to people dying in war. Also, David’s “house” refers to his descendants. Alternate translation: “some of your descendants will always die in battle”
|
||||
12:9 iy29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword 0 David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle.
|
||||
12:9 n595 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You killed him with the sword of the army of Ammon 0 David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon.
|
||||
12:10 t13v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the sword will never leave your house 0 Here the word “sword” refers to people dying in war.
|
||||
12:10 vjt0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy 0 David’s “house” refers to his descendants.
|
||||
12:11 zbq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of your own house 0 Here David’s “house” refers to his family. Alternate translation: “from among your own family”
|
||||
12:11 d9za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Before your own eyes 0 Here David is referred to by his eyes to emphasize what he would see. Alternate translation: “While you are watching”
|
||||
12:11 bc2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism he will lie with your wives 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he will have sexual relations with your wives”
|
||||
12:11 br6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in broad daylight 0 “in full daylight.” The idea of doing something “openly” or in a way that people are fully aware of what is happening is often spoken about as being done in the “daylight.” Alternate translation: “openly” or “and everyone will see what is happening”
|
||||
12:12 cy92 committed your sin 0 Alternate translation: “sinned”
|
||||
12:12 g9jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy before all Israel 0 This phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate translation: “before all the people of Israel” or “and all the people of Israel will know about it” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
12:12 g9jf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy before all Israel 0 This phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate translation: “before all the people of Israel”
|
||||
12:13 u54j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor passed over 0 Yahweh has forgiven David of his sin. This is spoken of here as Yahweh passing over his sin as if it were something that he walked by and disregarded. Alternate translation: “forgiven”
|
||||
12:13 zze1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive You will not be killed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Sometimes men died because of their sins, but he will not die because of his sin with the woman. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You will not die” or “you will not die because of this sin” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
12:14 m7z5 despised 0 to strongly dislike or hate someone or something
|
||||
12:14 vm9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the child who is born to you 0 The phrase “born to you” means that it is David’s baby. Alternate translation: “your child who will be born”
|
||||
12:15 z3d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh attacked the child that … and he was very sick 0 Here the author speaks of Yahweh causing the baby to become sick as Yahweh attacking the child. Alternate translation: “Yahweh afflicted the child that … and he was very sick” or “Yahweh caused the baby that … to become very sick”
|
||||
12:15 eh1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the child that Uriah’s wife bore to David 0 This means that she gave birth to a child and that David was his father. Alternate translation: “David’s child, who Uriah’s wife gave birth to”
|
||||
12:16 t71m implored 0 to beg or pray with strong desire
|
||||
12:16 k5zu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit went inside 0 David went into his room when he was alone. Alternate translation: “went inside his room”
|
||||
12:17 dyf7 to raise him up from the floor 0 Alternate translation: “and urged him to get up from the floor”
|
||||
12:18 cbe1 It came about 0 Alternate translation: “It happened”
|
||||
12:18 f2jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche he did not listen to our voice 0 The servants are referred to here by their voices to emphasize that they were speaking. Alternate translation: “he did not listen to us”
|
||||
12:18 ueh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the seventh day 0 “day 7.” This refers to the seventh day after the baby was born. Alternate translation: “the seventh day after he was born” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
12:18 ueh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the seventh day 0 This refers to the seventh day after the baby was born. Alternate translation: “the seventh day after he was born”
|
||||
12:18 j2pi Look 0 This is used to get people’s attention. Alternate translation: “Listen”
|
||||
12:18 sz9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What might he do to himself if we tell him that the boy is dead?! 0 The servants ask this rhetorical question to express their fear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We are afraid that he may harm himself if we tell him that the boy is dead!”
|
||||
12:19 s1tv were whispering together 0 Alternate translation: “were speaking very quietly to each other”
|
||||
12:19 mh6l David perceived 0 Alternate translation: “David understood”
|
||||
12:20 aa4t David arose 0 Alternate translation: “David got up”
|
||||
12:21 nx6q 0 # General Information:\n\nThese verses contain rhetorical questions that emphasize that David realizes that Yahweh has allowed this to happen.
|
||||
12:22 p2za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me, that the child may live? 0 David asked this rhetorical question to empathize that no one knew if Yahweh would let the child live. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me so that the child may live.”
|
||||
12:23 pf4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion But now he is dead, so why should I fast? 0 David asks this rhetorical question to empathize that he no longer has a reason to fast. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now that he is dead it would be of no use to fast any longer.”
|
||||
12:23 cc5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Can I bring him back again? 0 David asks this rhetorical question to empathize that the boy cannot come back to life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot bring him back to life.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -505,7 +478,7 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
12:25 m6ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he sent word through Nathan the prophet 0 Here “word” refers to a message that Yahweh told Nathan to tell David. Alternate translation: “he sent Nathan to tell him”
|
||||
12:25 rd3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jedidiah 0 This is another name for David’s son Solomon, which Yahweh chose for him.
|
||||
12:26 jf3t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Joab fought … he captured 0 Here the author says “Joab” but he is referring to Joab and his soldiers who fought with him. Alternate translation: “Joab and his soldiers fought … they captured”
|
||||
12:26 ar6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Rabbah 0 Fighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Translate the name the same as you did in [2 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: “the people of Rabbah”
|
||||
12:26 ar6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Rabbah 0 Fighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Alternate translation: “the people of Rabbah”
|
||||
12:27 ip2q So Joab sent messengers to David and said 0 Alternate translation: “So Joab sent messengers to David to say to him”
|
||||
12:27 c6au rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor have taken the city’s water supply 0 “Taking” a place or landmark means to take control of it. Alternate translation: “have taken control of the city’s water supply”
|
||||
12:27 n5s7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I have fought … I have taken 0 Here Joab speaks of himself when he is actually referring to himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “My soldiers and I have fought … my soldier and I have taken”
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
152
tn_DEU.tsv
152
tn_DEU.tsv
|
|
@ -1147,74 +1147,92 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
9:29 vfxd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go הוֹצֵ֨אתָ֙ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “took” instead of **brought**. Alternate translation: “you took out”
|
||||
9:29 roqq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet בְּכֹחֲךָ֣ הַגָּדֹ֔ל וּבִֽזְרֹעֲךָ֖ הַנְּטוּיָֽה 1 The terms **great power** and **outstretched arm** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “by your very great power”
|
||||
9:29 rw92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּבִֽזְרֹעֲךָ֖ הַנְּטוּיָֽה 1 Here, **arm** refers to Yahweh’s power, influence, and capacity for action. The word **outstretched** means that he is using that power. If your readers would not understand what this image means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and by your acts of strength”
|
||||
10:intro ceg6 0 # Deuteronomy 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter.\n\nThis chapter focuses on retelling the great things Yahweh has done. It is a continuation of the material from the previous chapter. It is possible that this is a type of sermon or homily, where Moses is giving the people instructions.
|
||||
10:1 y2d7 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
10:1 zf2r At that time 0 Alternate translation: “After I finished praying”
|
||||
10:1 sa1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis the first 0 This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets you had before” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
10:1 lyz6 the mountain 0 This refers to Mount Sinai.
|
||||
10:3 v71i 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
10:3 wt9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis the first 0 This refers to the first set of tablets that Moses had broken. Alternate translation: “the tablets I had before” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
|
||||
10:3 u26k went up the mountain 0 Alternate translation: “went up Mount Sinai”
|
||||
10:4 gjg7 out of the middle of the fire 0 It was as if Yahweh were a person standing in the middle of a fire and speaking with a loud voice. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md).
|
||||
10:4 ax1a on the day of the assembly 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **assembly**, you can express the same idea with the verb “gather together.” See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 9:10](../09/10.md). Alternate translation: “on the day when you Israelites all came and met together in one place”
|
||||
10:5 wr6b 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
10:5 n7vn I turned 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
10:5 a3fq came down from the mountain 0 Alternate translation: “came down from Mount Sinai”
|
||||
10:5 tia8 in the ark 0 Alternate translation: “in the box” or “in the chest”
|
||||
10:6 kwb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 # General Information:\n\nThe writer continues the short account of where the Israelites had traveled.
|
||||
10:6 f4iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Beeroth Bene Jaakan … Moserah 0 These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness.
|
||||
10:6 qpt1 Beeroth Bene Jaakan 0 Translator may add a footnote: “The name ‘Beeroth Bene Jaakan’ means ‘the wells that belonged to the sons of Jaakan’ or ‘the wells that belonged to the people of Jaakan.’”
|
||||
10:6 l2u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive there he was buried 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that is where they buried him” or “the Israelites buried him there”
|
||||
10:6 pv97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Eleazar 0 This is the name of Aaron’s son.
|
||||
10:7 rc19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background From there they journeyed … a land of streams of water 0 This continues the background information about where the people of Israel traveled.
|
||||
10:7 qs9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gudgodah … Jotbathah 0 These are names of different places the people of Israel went through while in the wilderness.
|
||||
10:8 pl1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 # General Information:\n\nThe writer begins to explain why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land.
|
||||
10:8 p84p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to stand before Yahweh to serve him 0 This is an idiom. “to offer the sacrifices that Yahweh requires”
|
||||
10:8 dqs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in his name 0 Here “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as representatives of Yahweh”
|
||||
10:8 br5a as today 0 Alternate translation: “as they are doing today”
|
||||
10:9 cy1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer finishes explaining why the tribe of Levi has no inheritance in the land.
|
||||
10:9 u8bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit no portion nor inheritance of land 0 The tribe of Levi did not receive a portion of the promised land when they arrived there. The full meaning of this statement may be made explicit.
|
||||
10:9 v39n Yahweh is his inheritance 0 Yahweh speaks of the special relationship that Aaron and his descendants will have with him as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is what they will have” or “Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service”
|
||||
10:9 knv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you Yahweh your God 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “your” here is singular.
|
||||
10:9 z9a9 spoke to him 0 Alternate translation: “spoke to the tribe of Levi”
|
||||
10:10 hja2 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses resumes reminding the people of Israel about what happened in the past.
|
||||
10:10 c3iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal as at the first time 0 Alternate translation: “first” is the ordinal number for one. Here it refers to the first time Moses went up Mount Sinai to receive the stone tablets from Yahweh. “as I did the first time”
|
||||
10:10 kq11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty days and forty nights 0 Alternate translation: “40 days and 40 nights”
|
||||
10:10 n2kd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you destroy you 0 Moses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so the word “you” here is singular.
|
||||
10:11 ydj2 possess the land 0 Alternate translation: “take the land” or “take possession of the land”
|
||||
10:11 yxy1 their ancestors 0 This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||||
10:11 sre9 to give to them 0 Alternate translation: “that I would give to you, their descendants”
|
||||
10:12 wg8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses speaks to the Israelites as if they are one person.
|
||||
10:12 d3lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Now, Israel 0 Here the metonym “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Now, people of Israel”
|
||||
10:12 x2jw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul 0 Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul.”
|
||||
10:12 hd9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to walk in all his ways 0 Moses speaks as if obeying Yahweh were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “to obey all his commands”
|
||||
10:12 l6ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy with all your heart and with all your soul 0 Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
10:13 ct9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion to keep the commandments … for your own good? 0 Moses uses a question to teach the people of Israel. This rhetorical question begins with the words “what does Yahweh your God require of you, except to fear … with all your soul” in verse 12. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “Yahweh your God requires you to do no more than this: to fear … with all your soul, to keep the commandments … for your own good.”
|
||||
10:14 kf71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to speak to the Israelites as if they are one person.
|
||||
10:14 m7ma Behold, to 0 Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: to”
|
||||
10:14 n5n6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism heaven … earth 0 These words show two extremes, and are combined to mean that all things everywhere belong to Yahweh.
|
||||
10:14 ifm9 the heaven of heavens 0 This refers to the highest places in the heavens. Everything in the heavens belong to God.
|
||||
10:15 swp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you chose you 0 Here the word “you” refers to all the Israelites and is plural.
|
||||
10:16 g7qt Therefore 0 Alternate translation: “Because of this”
|
||||
10:16 f72x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor circumcise the foreskin of your heart 0 The word “foreskin” refers to the fold of skin on a man’s private parts that is removed during circumcision. Here Moses is referring to a spiritual circumcision. This means the people must remove the sin from their lives.
|
||||
10:17 d6f4 God of gods 0 Alternate translation: “the supreme God” or “the only true God”
|
||||
10:17 z3d6 Lord of masters 0 Alternate translation: “the supreme Lord” or “the greatest Lord”
|
||||
10:17 b61i the fearsome one 0 Alternate translation: “the one who causes people to fear”
|
||||
10:18 u19l 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
10:18 rsq9 He executes justice for the fatherless 0 Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes sure that people treat the fatherless justly”
|
||||
10:18 j7ma fatherless 0 These are children whose parents have both died and do not have relatives to care for them.
|
||||
10:18 c95p widow 0 A true widow is a woman whose husband has died and has no children to care for her in her old age.
|
||||
10:19 wt1s Therefore 0 Alternate translation: “Because of this”
|
||||
10:20 ra84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses speaks to the Israelites as if they were one man, so all instances of “you” and “your” are singular.
|
||||
10:20 m1qe him will you worship 0 Alternate translation: “he is the one you must worship”
|
||||
10:20 zn42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor To him you must cling 0 To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “You must rely on him” or “He is the one you must rely on”
|
||||
10:20 t17w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by his name will you swear 0 To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here “name” represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it” or “when you swear you will speak his name”
|
||||
10:intro ceg6 0 # Deuteronomy 10 General Notes\n\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-5: Yahweh writes the commandments on stone tablets again\n- vv. 6-7: Aaron dies and the priesthood continues\n- vv. 8-9: the special role of the Levites\n- vv. 10-11: Yahweh listens to Moses and does not destroy the Israelites\n- vv. 12-22: Moses encourages the Israelites to obey Yahweh\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of the previous chapter.\n\n\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in This Chapter\n### You singular
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10:1 y2d7 בָּעֵ֨ת הַהִ֜וא 1 This refers to the end of the 40 days and 40 nights when \nMoses fasted on the mountain. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “After I finished praying and fasting”
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10:1 sa1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “like the first tablets of stone”
|
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10:1 gyhg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal כָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “like the previous ones”
|
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10:1 lyz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָהָ֑רָה 1 This refers to Mount Sinai. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “on Mount Sinai”
|
||||
10:2 edoz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֛וּ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֥ת הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים 1 Here, **the words that were on the first tablets** refers to the Ten Commandments. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “the same commandments that were on the first tablets”
|
||||
10:2 pfzv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֥ת הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “on the previous tablets”
|
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10:3 wt9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “like the first tablets of stone”
|
||||
10:3 osmy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “like the previous ones”
|
||||
10:3 u26k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָהָ֔רָה 1 Here, **mountain** refers to Mount Sinai. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai”
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10:3 fnnd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וּשְׁנֵ֥י הַלֻּחֹ֖ת בְּיָדִֽי 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could describe how Moses carried the tablets with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “and I was carrying the two tablets” or “and the two tablets were in my hands”
|
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10:4 mi34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַיִּכְתֹּ֨ב עַֽל־הַלֻּחֹ֜ת כַּמִּכְתָּ֣ב הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן אֵ֚ת עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֲלֵיכֶ֥ם בָּהָ֛ר מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵ֖שׁ בְּי֣וֹם הַקָּהָ֑ל 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “And on the mountain, Yahweh wrote the Ten Words on the tablets just like he did before”
|
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10:4 mvlt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal כַּמִּכְתָּ֣ב הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן 1
|
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10:4 axmo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּהָ֛ר מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵ֖שׁ בְּי֣וֹם הַקָּהָ֑ל 1 This refers to the events of [Exodus 19](Exo/19/01.md), when the Israelites gather at the base of Mount Sinai while Moses goes to the top. There, Yahweh tells Moses all the commandments from a fire at the top of Mount Sinai.
|
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10:4 suaf rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the two stone tablets. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “the stone tablets”
|
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10:5 wr6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וָאֵ֗פֶן 1 Here, the word **turned** describes the beginning of action. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “And I got up”
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10:5 utj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם 1 The implication is that the tablets are still in the box at the time when Moses is giving this speech to the Israelites. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “And they have been there ever since”
|
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10:6-9 kwb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל נָֽסְע֛וּ מִבְּאֵרֹ֥ת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָ֖ן מוֹסֵרָ֑ה שָׁ֣ם מֵ֤ת אַהֲרֹן֙ וַיִּקָּבֵ֣ר שָׁ֔ם וַיְכַהֵ֛ן אֶלְעָזָ֥ר בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ &\nמִשָּׁ֥ם נָסְע֖וּ הַגֻּדְגֹּ֑דָה וּמִן־הַגֻּדְגֹּ֣דָה יָטְבָ֔תָה אֶ֖רֶץ נַ֥חֲלֵי מָֽיִם׃ 1 This verse provides background information about the places that the Israelites traveled to help readers understand what happens next in the story. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
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10:6 f4iw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִבְּאֵרֹ֥ת בְּנֵי־יַעֲקָ֖ן מוֹסֵרָ֑ה 1 The terms **Beeroth Bene Jaakan** and **Moserah** are names of places that the people of Israel traveled through. **Beeroth Bene Jaakan** means “the wells that belonged to the sons of Jaakan.” You could include this information in a footnote if it would be helpful for your readers.
|
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10:6 l2u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַיִּקָּבֵ֣ר שָׁ֔ם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the Israelites buried him there”
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10:7 qs9a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַגֻּדְגֹּ֑דָה וּמִן־הַגֻּדְגֹּ֣דָה יָטְבָ֔תָה 1 The words **Gudgodah** and **Jotbathah** are names of places that the Israelites traveled through.
|
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10:7 w4zc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶ֖רֶץ נַ֥חֲלֵי מָֽיִם 1 Here, the writer is using the possessive form to describe a **land** that is filled with many **streams of water**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “a well-watered land”
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10:8 yqro rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִבְדִּ֤יל יְהוָה֙ 1 Here **separated** means “chose for a special role”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh selected”
|
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10:8 bq99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here, the author is using the possessive form to describe the **box** that contains **the covenant of Yahweh**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the box that held the covenant of Yahweh”
|
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10:8 wove rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּרִית־יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here, **the covenant of Yahweh** represents the two stone tablets on which Yahweh wrote the Ten Commandments. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the stone tablets”
|
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10:8 p84p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַעֲמֹד֩ לִפְנֵ֨י יְהוָ֤ה לְשָֽׁרְתוֹ֙ 1 This means “to offer sacrifices to Yahweh in the sacred tent”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to offer sacrifices before the face of Yahweh”
|
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10:8 lnyx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֨י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”
|
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10:8 j087 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּלְבָרֵ֣ךְ 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and to bless people”
|
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10:8 dqs6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּשְׁמ֔וֹ 1 Here, **name** represents all of Yahweh: his power, presence, knowledge, and so on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by his power”
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10:8 br5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The implication is that the Levites are still fulfilling the duties listed in this verse at the time that Deuteronomy was written. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “as they are doing today”
|
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10:9 u8bf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־הָיָ֧ה לְלֵוִ֛י חֵ֥לֶק וְנַחֲלָ֖ה 1 The implication is that the Levites will not receive any **portion** or **inheritance** of land. See [Numbers 18:20](Num/18/20.md) for more information. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “Levi has no portion nor inheritance of land”
|
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10:9 srn7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹֽא־הָיָ֧ה לְלֵוִ֛י 1 Here **Levi** refers to Levi and his descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Levi and his descendants have no”
|
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10:9 d08p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶחָ֑יו 1 Here **brothers** refers to the people of the other Israelite tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the other Israelites”
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10:9 v39n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא נַחֲלָת֔וֹ 1 Yahweh speaks of the special relationship that Aaron and his descendants will have with him as if Yahweh were something that they will inherit. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will allow them to serve him and he will provide for them through that service”
|
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10:9 gjem rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא 1 For emphasis, the author is stating the pronoun **himself**, whose meaning is already implied in the sentence. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. The ULT does so by using the intensive pronoun **himself**. Alternate translation: “Yahweh indeed”
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10:9 agmt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ 1 Even though the author is referring to all of the Israelites, **your** is singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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10:9 q5x0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דִּבֶּ֛ר 1 Here **spoke** means “promised.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “promised”
|
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10:9 fhs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֽוֹ 1 Here **him** refers to Levi and his descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the tribe of Levi”
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10:10 hja2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations 0 This verse continues Moses’ speech to the Israelites from [verse 5](../10/05.md). Consider natural ways of continuing direct quotations in your language.
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10:10 rwqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאָנֹכִ֞י עָמַ֣דְתִּי 1 For emphasis, Moses is stating the pronoun **myself**, whose meaning is already included in the verb translated as **stood**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. The ULT does so by using the intensive pronoun **myself**. Alternate translation: “And indeed I stood”
|
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10:10 v2x4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עָמַ֣דְתִּי 1 Here **stood** means “stayed” or “remained”. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “remained”
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10:10 c3iz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal כַּיָּמִים֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “as the previous time”
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10:10 mbd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י גַּ֚ם בַּפַּ֣עַם הַהִ֔וא 1 The implication is that Yahweh **listened** to Moses’ request to not destroy the Israelites, just like Yahweh listened to Moses’ request to not destroy Aaron in [9:26](../09/26.md). You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “And I interceded on your behalf and Yahweh listened to me at that time also”
|
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10:11 ltaw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לִפְנֵ֣י 1 Here **faces** represents people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
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10:11 yxy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם 1 Yahweh is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to their forefathers”
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10:12 d3lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **Israel** represents the Israelite people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people of Israel”
|
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10:12-13 x2jw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מָ֚ה יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ שֹׁאֵ֖ל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֣י אִם־לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ וּלְאַהֲבָ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ &\nלִשְׁמֹ֞ר אֶת־מִצְוֺ֤ת יְהוָה֙ וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם לְט֖וֹב לָֽךְ 1 Moses is using the question form to teach the people of Israel what Yahweh wants them to do. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation, as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
10:12 hd9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ 1 Here Moses is speaking of obeying commands as if it were walking on a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to obey all his commands”
|
||||
10:12 l6ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ 1 Here, **heart** and **spirit** could be: (1) terms that both refer to a person’s inner being that are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “your inner being” (2) terms that refer to different aspects of a person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “your being and person”\n
|
||||
10:14 kf71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֵ֚ן 1 Moses is using the term **behold** to focus the Israelites’ attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Be aware of this”
|
||||
10:14 ifm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּשְׁמֵ֣י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 The possessive form is being used here to include all parts of the heavens, even the highest part. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use another form to indicate this height. Alternate translation: “all of the heavens, even to the highest part of heaven”
|
||||
10:15 swp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast רַ֧ק 1 Moses uses the word **Only** here to indicate a strong contrast between Yahweh’s authority over the universe and his love for the Israelites. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But, in spite of everything,”
|
||||
10:15 jsmt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural בָּכֶ֛ם 1 The word **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
10:15 i4q6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּזַרְעָ֣ם 1 \t\r\n\r\nHere, seed means “offspring.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their offspring”
|
||||
10:15 yl3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּה 1 Moses means that, at the time of this speech to the Israelites, they are still Yahweh’s chosen people. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “as you are his chosen people this day”
|
||||
10:16 f72x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמַלְתֶּ֕ם אֵ֖ת עָרְלַ֣ת לְבַבְכֶ֑ם 1 Here Moses is speaking of physical circumcision as if it was spiritual circumcision. Moses means that the Israelites should remove sin from their lives and obey Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall obey Yahweh”
|
||||
10:16 u7kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural וּמַלְתֶּ֕ם & וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם & לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ 1 The words **you** and **your** here are plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
10:16 rq4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וּמַלְתֶּ֕ם 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And circumcise”
|
||||
10:16 caiu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ 1 Here, to **harden your neck** is an idiom that means “be stubborn” and “be rebellious.” The image comes from an animal that does not want to go the way his master is trying to direct him. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and do not be hard-hearted” or “and do not be rebellious”
|
||||
10:17 tbk1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֚י 1 The word translated as **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do these things because”
|
||||
10:17 t6lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם 1 The word **your** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
10:17 d6f4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים 1 This does not mean that other gods worship Yahweh, which would imply that other gods exist. Moses means that Yahweh is the one true God. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “the one true God”
|
||||
10:17 m7kg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּדֹ֤ל הַגִּבֹּר֙ 1 The terms **great** and **mighty** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “the very mighty God”
|
||||
10:17 grna rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א פָנִ֔ים 1 Here, **lift up a face** is an idiom that means “be partial to someone.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “does not play favorites” or “judges everyone fairly”
|
||||
10:17 ekq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֥א יִקַּ֖ח שֹֽׁחַד 1 The implication is that one cannot pay Yahweh a bribe to convince him to make an unjust decision. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and does not take a bribe to make an unjust decision”
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10:18 rsq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר 1 This does not mean that Yahweh shows partiality towards the fatherless, widow, or foreigner. This means that Yahweh makes sure that everyone is treated fairly. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “He makes a fair judgment for the fatherless and widow, and he loves a foreigner”
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10:18 em76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ 1 The words **fatherless, widow**, and **foreigner** represent everyone in those groups in general, not one particular fatherless person, widow, or foreigner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “for anyone who is fatherless or a widow, and he loves all foreigners, giving to them”
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10:18 fjrx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֶ֥חֶם 1 Here, **bread** represents all food. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “food”
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10:19 fuc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural וַאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם & הֱיִיתֶ֖ם 1 The word **you** here is plural. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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10:19 wt1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וַאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And love”
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10:19 tr94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הַגֵּ֑ר 1 The word **foreigner** represents all foreigners in general, not one particular foreigner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any foreigners”
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10:19 luze rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names כִּֽי 1 The word translated as **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
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10:20 rd6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ תִּירָ֖א אֹת֣וֹ תַעֲבֹ֑ד וּב֣וֹ תִדְבָּ֔ק וּבִשְׁמ֖וֹ תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the phrasing to emphasize that the Israelites should worship only Yahweh. See how you translated a similar verse in [6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate translation: “It is Yahweh your God and no one else whom you shall fear; it is he alone whom you shall worship, and it is to him whom you shall cling, and it is by his name only that you shall swear”
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10:20 kw0u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תִּירָ֖א & תַעֲבֹ֑ד & תִדְבָּ֔ק & תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “Fear … serve … cling … swear”
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10:20 zn42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּב֣וֹ תִדְבָּ֔ק 1 Here Moses is speaking of having a good relationship with Yahweh as if it was clinging to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and with him you shall maintain a good relationship”
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10:20 jmpk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּבִשְׁמ֖וֹ תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ 1 The implication is that, when the Israelites **swear** by Yahweh, that means they are asking Yahweh to take note of their promise and punish them if they do not fulfill their promise. Moses wants the Israelites to only invoke Yahweh’s name when making promises. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and you shall make strong promises using his name”
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10:20 r17v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבִשְׁמ֖וֹ תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ 1 Here, **name** represents all of Yahweh: his power, presence, knowledge, and so on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and swear by Yahweh himself”
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10:21 d1ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche which your eyes have seen 0 Here “eyes” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “which you yourselves have seen”
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10:21 ltw9 He is your praise 0 This could mean: (1) “He is the one you must praise” or (2) “It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you”
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10:22 es8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to speak to the people of Israel as if they are one man, so “you” and “your” are singular.
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10:22 p41a went down into Egypt 0 Alternate translation: “traveled south to Egypt” or “went to Egypt”
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10:22 ap9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seventy persons 0 Alternate translation: “70 persons”
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10:22 hh5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as many as the stars of the heavens 0 This emphasizes the large number of Israelites that were with Moses. Alternate translation: “more than you can count”
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10:21 ltw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ה֥וּא תְהִלָּתְךָ֖ 1 This could mean: (1) “He is the one you must praise” or (2) “It is because you worship him that other peoples will praise you”
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10:21 tfvs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה אִתְּךָ֗ אֶת־הַגְּדֹלֹ֤ת וְאֶת־הַנּֽוֹרָאֹת֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 Moses is referring to all the miracles that Yahweh performed for the Israelites when they were in the wilderness. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “who has done for you these great and fearsome things while we were in the wilderness”
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10:21 pd01 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Moses is using **eyes** to represent the whole person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you yourself”
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10:22 jp7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Your forefathers”
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10:22 p41a בְּשִׁבְעִ֣ים נֶ֔פֶשׁ יָרְד֥וּ אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ מִצְרָ֑יְמָהּ 1 This refers to the events of [Genesis 46](Gen/46/01.md), when Jacob and his whole family moved from Canaan to Egypt. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Your fathers went down from Canaan into Egypt as 70 souls”
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10:22 fl9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נֶ֔פֶשׁ 1 Here, **souls** represents a human life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people”
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10:22 mbn0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְעַתָּ֗ה 1 Moses uses the word **now** here to indicate a strong contrast between how many Israelites there were when the Israelites first went to Egypt and how many Israelites there are at the time of this speech. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And now, in contrast”
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10:22 hh5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב 1 Moses says **like the stars of the heavens in number** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means that Yahweh has blessed the Israelites so they had many children and increased in population. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “almost as numerous as the stars of heaven”
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11:intro ifg3 0 # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Therefore\n\nThis chapter begins with the word “therefore,” which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Eyewitnesses\n\nThe instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])\n\n### Covenant\n\nThis chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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11:1 sgh5 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
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11:1 e1ef always keep 0 Alternate translation: “always obey”
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Reference in New Issue