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@ -210,18 +210,22 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
3:6 w7kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מוֹר֙ 1 **myrrh** is a pleasant smelling ointment which is made from resin taken from the myrrh tree. If your readers would not be familiar **myrrh** you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternately, you could describe **myrrh** with a descriptive phrase and/or you could include a footnote explaining what myrrh is. Alternate translation: “the sweet smelling incense made from the resin of a myrrh tree”
3:6 i42j rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases מִ⁠כֹּ֖ל אַבְקַ֥ת רוֹכֵֽל 1 The word translated as **from all** could: (1) be introducing **the powders of the merchant** as additional information about **myrrh and frankincense**. Alternate translation: “which are among the powders of the merchant” (2) indicate that **the powders of the merchant** are being introduced as additional things **the merchant** sells. Alternate translation: “and other powders of the merchants”
3:7 ldh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation הִנֵּ֗ה 1 **Behold** is an exclamation that is being used to draw people’s attention to what was “arising from the wilderness”. Use an exclamation that would express that meaning in your language as modeled by the UST.
3:7 sa19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִטָּת⁠וֹ֙ 1 A **litter** was a portable chair or couch that important people were carried on from place to place. It was probably carried by wooden poles that were attached to it. This **litter** probably had a cover on top of it and curtains around it. If your readers would be unfamiliar with this term you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a descriptive phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “portable couch”
3:7 sa19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִטָּת⁠וֹ֙ 1 A **litter** was a portable chair or couch that important people were carried on from place to place. It was carried by wooden poles that were attached to it. This **litter** probably had a cover on top of it and curtains around it that could be opened and closed. If your readers would be unfamiliar with this term you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a descriptive phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “portable couch”
3:7 ui2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִטָּת⁠וֹ֙ שֶׁ⁠לִּ⁠שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 The phrase **his litter, which belongs to Solomon** could mean: (1) that the woman was riding on the **litter** which belonged to **Solomon** and which he had sent for her. The UST models this interpretation. (2) that **Solomon** himself was riding in the **litter**. Alternate translation: “Solomon riding in his royal portable chair”
3:8 mm7c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information.
3:8 v2yx are experienced in warfare 0 Alternate translation: “can fight battles well”
3:8 z9n4 armed against 0 Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against”
3:8 jqy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns terrors of the night 0 Here, “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3:9 nnm6 sedan chair 0 This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
3:10 f5mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues.
3:8 v2yx מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “all of them have been trained in warfare” or “all of them have been trained to use their swords”
3:8 cttn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֤ישׁ חַרְבּ⁠וֹ֙ עַל־יְרֵכ֔⁠וֹ מִ⁠פַּ֖חַד בַּ⁠לֵּילּֽוֹת׃ 1 The phrase **Each one has his sword at his thigh** means that each warrior has his **sword** strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use to defend **against the terrors in the nights**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each warrior has his sword strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use against the terrors in the nights” or “Each warrior has his sword ready to use to defend\nagainst the terrors in the nights”
3:8 z214 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִ⁠פַּ֖חַד בַּ⁠לֵּילּֽוֹת 1 The phrase **against the terrors in the nights** means “ready to defend against the terrifying things that could happen on any given night.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “ready to guard against dangers that happen during the night” or “ready to defend against the dangers of the night.”
3:9-10 tq2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה ל⁠וֹ֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵ⁠עֲצֵ֖י הַ⁠לְּבָנֽוֹן׃ עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף רְפִידָת֣⁠וֹ זָהָ֔ב מֶרְכָּב֖⁠וֹ אַרְגָּמָ֑ן תּוֹכ⁠וֹ֙ רָצ֣וּף אַהֲבָ֔ה מִ⁠בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם\n\n 1 These two verses are background information. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
3:9 iko4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה ל⁠וֹ֙ 1 This phrase means that Solomon had people make **a palanquin** for him. It does not mean that he made the **palanquin** himself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “He had craftsmen make him a palanquin” or “He had carpenters make a palanquin for him”
3:9 nnm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אַפִּרְי֗וֹן 1 Here, the term **palanquin** refers to the same object that term “litter” in [3:7](../03/07.md) refers to, however the term **palanquin** is a more descriptive word. You could translate the term **palanquin** the same way that you translated “litter” there or you could use a different, more descriptive word. Alternate translation: “portable couch” or “sedan chair”
3:9 hlf4 מֵ⁠עֲצֵ֖י הַ⁠לְּבָנֽוֹן 1 Alternate translation: “made from the trees in Lebanon”
3:10 w2at Its posts 0 The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
3:10 xnj4 posts 0 The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
3:10 rr69 Its interior was 0 Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
3:10 clqf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive רָצ֣וּף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: “” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:10 apj8 with love 0 This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
3:10 m0yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of ****, you could express the same idea with a or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
3:10 bjfn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִ⁠בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 See how you translated **daughters of Jerusalem** in [3:10](../03/10.md).
3:11 i961 daughters of Zion 0 Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
3:11 sj76 gaze on King Solomon 0 “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
3:11 tf1d bearing the crown 0 Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
210 3:6 w7kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מוֹר֙ 1 **myrrh** is a pleasant smelling ointment which is made from resin taken from the myrrh tree. If your readers would not be familiar **myrrh** you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternately, you could describe **myrrh** with a descriptive phrase and/or you could include a footnote explaining what myrrh is. Alternate translation: “the sweet smelling incense made from the resin of a myrrh tree”
211 3:6 i42j rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases מִ⁠כֹּ֖ל אַבְקַ֥ת רוֹכֵֽל 1 The word translated as **from all** could: (1) be introducing **the powders of the merchant** as additional information about **myrrh and frankincense**. Alternate translation: “which are among the powders of the merchant” (2) indicate that **the powders of the merchant** are being introduced as additional things **the merchant** sells. Alternate translation: “and other powders of the merchants”
212 3:7 ldh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation הִנֵּ֗ה 1 **Behold** is an exclamation that is being used to draw people’s attention to what was “arising from the wilderness”. Use an exclamation that would express that meaning in your language as modeled by the UST.
213 3:7 sa19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִטָּת⁠וֹ֙ 1 A **litter** was a portable chair or couch that important people were carried on from place to place. It was probably carried by wooden poles that were attached to it. This **litter** probably had a cover on top of it and curtains around it. If your readers would be unfamiliar with this term you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a descriptive phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “portable couch” A **litter** was a portable chair or couch that important people were carried on from place to place. It was carried by wooden poles that were attached to it. This **litter** probably had a cover on top of it and curtains around it that could be opened and closed. If your readers would be unfamiliar with this term you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a descriptive phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “portable couch”
214 3:7 ui2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִטָּת⁠וֹ֙ שֶׁ⁠לִּ⁠שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 The phrase **his litter, which belongs to Solomon** could mean: (1) that the woman was riding on the **litter** which belonged to **Solomon** and which he had sent for her. The UST models this interpretation. (2) that **Solomon** himself was riding in the **litter**. Alternate translation: “Solomon riding in his royal portable chair”
215 3:8 mm7c v2yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה 0 1 A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information. Alternate translation: “all of them have been trained in warfare” or “all of them have been trained to use their swords”
216 3:8 v2yx cttn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit are experienced in warfare אִ֤ישׁ חַרְבּ⁠וֹ֙ עַל־יְרֵכ֔⁠וֹ מִ⁠פַּ֖חַד בַּ⁠לֵּילּֽוֹת׃ 0 1 Alternate translation: “can fight battles well” The phrase **Each one has his sword at his thigh** means that each warrior has his **sword** strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use to defend **against the terrors in the nights**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each warrior has his sword strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use against the terrors in the nights” or “Each warrior has his sword ready to use to defend\nagainst the terrors in the nights”
217 3:8 z9n4 z214 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit armed against מִ⁠פַּ֖חַד בַּ⁠לֵּילּֽוֹת 0 1 Alternate translation: “so that he can fight against” The phrase **against the terrors in the nights** means “ready to defend against the terrifying things that could happen on any given night.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “ready to guard against dangers that happen during the night” or “ready to defend against the dangers of the night.”
218 3:8 3:9-10 jqy9 tq2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background terrors of the night אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה ל⁠וֹ֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵ⁠עֲצֵ֖י הַ⁠לְּבָנֽוֹן׃ עַמּוּדָי⁠ו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף רְפִידָת֣⁠וֹ זָהָ֔ב מֶרְכָּב֖⁠וֹ אַרְגָּמָ֑ן תּוֹכ⁠וֹ֙ רָצ֣וּף אַהֲבָ֔ה מִ⁠בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם\n\n 0 1 Here, “terrors” is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “evil people who attack others at night” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) These two verses are background information. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
219 3:9 nnm6 iko4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit sedan chair אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה ל⁠וֹ֙ 0 1 This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it This phrase means that Solomon had people make **a palanquin** for him. It does not mean that he made the **palanquin** himself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “He had craftsmen make him a palanquin” or “He had carpenters make a palanquin for him”
220 3:10 3:9 f5mj nnm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אַפִּרְי֗וֹן 0 1 The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues. Here, the term **palanquin** refers to the same object that term “litter” in [3:7](../03/07.md) refers to, however the term **palanquin** is a more descriptive word. You could translate the term **palanquin** the same way that you translated “litter” there or you could use a different, more descriptive word. Alternate translation: “portable couch” or “sedan chair”
221 3:9 hlf4 מֵ⁠עֲצֵ֖י הַ⁠לְּבָנֽוֹן 1 Alternate translation: “made from the trees in Lebanon”
222 3:10 w2at Its posts 0 The word “its” refers to King Solomon’s sedan chair.
223 3:10 xnj4 posts 0 The word “posts” here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
224 3:10 rr69 Its interior was 0 Alternate translation: “The inside of it was”
225 3:10 clqf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive רָצ֣וּף 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: “” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
226 3:10 apj8 with love 0 This could mean: (1) “with love,” indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or (2) “with leather.”
227 3:10 m0yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of ****, you could express the same idea with a or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
228 3:10 bjfn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִ⁠בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 See how you translated **daughters of Jerusalem** in [3:10](../03/10.md).
229 3:11 i961 daughters of Zion 0 Alternate translation: “you young women who live in Zion”
230 3:11 sj76 gaze on King Solomon 0 “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
231 3:11 tf1d bearing the crown 0 Alternate translation: “wearing the crown”