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Content validation [EZR] (#1633) 

Update 'en_tn_15-EZR.tsv'

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1633
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Joel D. Ruark 2021-01-15 18:47:47 +00:00
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@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ EZR 2 35 frxs figs-personification בְּנֵ֣י סְנָאָ֔ה 1 The list s
EZR 2 35 ce4j translate-names סְנָאָ֔ה 1 Senaah Senaah is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 35 ce4j translate-names סְנָאָ֔ה 1 Senaah Senaah is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 36 c52r הַֽ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֑ים 1 General Information: A priest was someone who was chosen to offer sacrifices to God on behalf of God’s people, and to perform other duties and functions to represent God to the people and to represent the people to God. Alternate translation: “This is how many men returned from each family of priests” EZR 2 36 c52r הַֽ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֑ים 1 General Information: A priest was someone who was chosen to offer sacrifices to God on behalf of God’s people, and to perform other duties and functions to represent God to the people and to represent the people to God. Alternate translation: “This is how many men returned from each family of priests”
EZR 2 36 xd3k figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֤י יְדַֽעְיָה֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יֵשׁ֔וּעַ תְּשַׁ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת שִׁבְעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃ 1 Jedaiah **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Jedaiah who were descendants of Jeshua, 973 returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 36 xd3k figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֤י יְדַֽעְיָה֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יֵשׁ֔וּעַ תְּשַׁ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת שִׁבְעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃ 1 Jedaiah **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Jedaiah who were descendants of Jeshua, 973 returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 36 m352 translate-names יְדַֽעְיָה֙ ... יֵשׁ֔וּעַ 1 Jeshua Jedaiah is the name of a man, and Jeshua is the name of one of his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 36 m352 translate-names יְדַֽעְיָה֙…יֵשׁ֔וּעַ 1 Jeshua Jedaiah is the name of a man, and Jeshua is the name of one of his descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 36 151b figs-metonymy לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יֵשׁ֔וּעַ 1 Here, the word **house** describes all the people descended from a particular person. The document is describing all of the descendants of Jeshua figuratively as if they were one household living together. Alternate translation: “who were descendants of Jeshua” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 2 36 151b figs-metonymy לְ⁠בֵ֣ית יֵשׁ֔וּעַ 1 Here, the word **house** describes all the people descended from a particular person. The document is describing all of the descendants of Jeshua figuratively as if they were one household living together. Alternate translation: “who were descendants of Jeshua” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 2 37 0auy figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י אִמֵּ֔ר 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Immer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 37 0auy figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י אִמֵּ֔ר 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Immer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 37 u9p4 translate-names אִמֵּ֔ר 1 Immer is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 37 u9p4 translate-names אִמֵּ֔ר 1 Immer is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@ -146,14 +146,14 @@ EZR 2 39 jzxo figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י חָרִ֔ם 1 **Sons** figuratively
EZR 2 39 g31h translate-names חָרִ֔ם 1 Harim Harim is the name of a man. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Harim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 39 g31h translate-names חָרִ֔ם 1 Harim Harim is the name of a man. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Harim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 40 tm51 translate-unknown הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֑ם 1 General Information: The Levites were descendants of Levi. They had the special assignment of helping the priests. Alternate translation: “Some Levites also returned” or “Some of the descendants of Levi also returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 40 tm51 translate-unknown הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֑ם 1 General Information: The Levites were descendants of Levi. They had the special assignment of helping the priests. Alternate translation: “Some Levites also returned” or “Some of the descendants of Levi also returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 40 vug8 figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־יֵשׁ֧וּעַ וְ⁠קַדְמִיאֵ֛ל לִ⁠בְנֵ֥י הוֹדַוְיָ֖ה 1 Kadmiel…Hodaviah **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Jeshua and Kadmiel, who were descended from Hodevah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 40 vug8 figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־יֵשׁ֧וּעַ וְ⁠קַדְמִיאֵ֛ל לִ⁠בְנֵ֥י הוֹדַוְיָ֖ה 1 Kadmiel…Hodaviah **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Jeshua and Kadmiel, who were descended from Hodevah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 40 yu1j translate-names יֵשׁ֧וּעַ וְ⁠קַדְמִיאֵ֛ל ... הוֹדַוְיָ֖ה 1 seventy-four Jeshua and Kadmiel are men’s names, and Hodevah is the name of their ancestor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 40 yu1j translate-names יֵשׁ֧וּעַ וְ⁠קַדְמִיאֵ֛ל…הוֹדַוְיָ֖ה 1 seventy-four Jeshua and Kadmiel are men’s names, and Hodevah is the name of their ancestor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 41 t56r translate-unknown הַֽ⁠מְשֹׁרְרִ֑ים 1 This term refers to vocal musicians who led in worship, in processions, and ceremonies, producing music and chants that emphasized and enhanced the occasion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 41 t56r translate-unknown הַֽ⁠מְשֹׁרְרִ֑ים 1 This term refers to vocal musicians who led in worship, in processions, and ceremonies, producing music and chants that emphasized and enhanced the occasion. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 41 th1l figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י אָסָ֔ף 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “who were descendants of Asaph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 41 th1l figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י אָסָ֔ף 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “who were descendants of Asaph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 41 wkzb translate-names אָסָ֔ף 1 Asaph is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 41 wkzb translate-names אָסָ֔ף 1 Asaph is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 42 3no0 figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י הַ⁠שֹּֽׁעֲרִ֗ים 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the gatekeepers also returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 42 3no0 figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י הַ⁠שֹּֽׁעֲרִ֗ים 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the gatekeepers also returned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 42 i72w translate-unknown הַ⁠שֹּֽׁעֲרִ֗ים 1 gatekeepers This term refers to people who had been assigned to the gates of the city Jerusalem and of the temple within the city. They were responsible for controlling access to these places. They would open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 42 i72w translate-unknown הַ⁠שֹּֽׁעֲרִ֗ים 1 gatekeepers This term refers to people who had been assigned to the gates of the city Jerusalem and of the temple within the city. They were responsible for controlling access to these places. They would open and close the gates at times and for reasons set by the authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 42 imn8 figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־שַׁלּ֤וּם בְּנֵֽי־אָטֵר֙ בְּנֵי־טַלְמ֣וֹן בְּנֵי־עַקּ֔וּב בְּנֵ֥י חֲטִיטָ֖א בְּנֵ֣י שֹׁבָ֑י 1 Shallum…Talmon…Akkub…Hatita…Shobai **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Shallum, Ater, Talmon, Akkub, Hatita, and Shobai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 42 imn8 figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־שַׁלּ֤וּם בְּנֵֽי־אָטֵר֙ בְּנֵי־טַלְמ֣וֹן בְּנֵי־עַקּ֔וּב בְּנֵ֥י חֲטִיטָ֖א בְּנֵ֣י שֹׁבָ֑י 1 Shallum…Talmon…Akkub…Hatita…Shobai **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “from the descendants of Shallum, Ater, Talmon, Akkub, Hatita, and Shobai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 42 lyb8 translate-names שַׁלּ֤וּם ... אָטֵר֙ ... טַלְמ֣וֹן ... עַקּ֔וּב ... חֲטִיטָ֖א ... שֹׁבָ֑י 1 Ater These are the names of six men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 42 lyb8 translate-names שַׁלּ֤וּם…אָטֵר֙…טַלְמ֣וֹן…עַקּ֔וּב…חֲטִיטָ֖א…שֹׁבָ֑י 1 Ater These are the names of six men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 43 fhw8 translate-unknown הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֑ים 1 General Information: The term **Nethinim** describes servants who worked in the temple. Alternate translation: “the temple servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 43 fhw8 translate-unknown הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֑ים 1 General Information: The term **Nethinim** describes servants who worked in the temple. Alternate translation: “the temple servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 43 nt2x הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the temple servants also returned” EZR 2 43 nt2x הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the temple servants also returned”
EZR 2 43 m9ay figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־צִיחָ֥א בְנֵי־חֲשׂוּפָ֖א בְּנֵ֥י טַבָּעֽוֹת׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They were from the descendants of Ziha, Hasupha, Tabbaoth,” beginning a series that will continue through [2:54](../02/54.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 43 m9ay figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־צִיחָ֥א בְנֵי־חֲשׂוּפָ֖א בְּנֵ֥י טַבָּעֽוֹת׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They were from the descendants of Ziha, Hasupha, Tabbaoth,” beginning a series that will continue through [2:54](../02/54.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ EZR 2 54 r7cn figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֥י נְצִ֖יחַ בְּנֵ֥י חֲ
EZR 2 55 kd7e figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 General Information: **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the laborers who had worked for the kingdom also returned.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 55 kd7e figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 General Information: **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “Some of the descendants of the laborers who had worked for the kingdom also returned.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 55 9x3k translate-unknown עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 By **servants of Solomon**, this list does not mean officials who served in Solomon’s court. Rather, this phrase refers to people whom Solomon first conscripted as laborers. They were descendants of the groups that were living in the land of Canaan before the Israelites occupied it. They and their descendants remained conscripted laborers under later kings. Alternate translation: “the laborers that King Solomon first conscripted” or “laborers who had worked for the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 55 9x3k translate-unknown עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 By **servants of Solomon**, this list does not mean officials who served in Solomon’s court. Rather, this phrase refers to people whom Solomon first conscripted as laborers. They were descendants of the groups that were living in the land of Canaan before the Israelites occupied it. They and their descendants remained conscripted laborers under later kings. Alternate translation: “the laborers that King Solomon first conscripted” or “laborers who had worked for the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 55 vt3s figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־סֹטַ֥י בְּנֵי־הַ⁠סֹּפֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֥י פְרוּדָֽא׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They were from the descendants of Sotai, Hassophereth, Peruda,” beginning a series that will continue through [2:57](../02/57.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 55 vt3s figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־סֹטַ֥י בְּנֵי־הַ⁠סֹּפֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֥י פְרוּדָֽא׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They were from the descendants of Sotai, Hassophereth, Peruda,” beginning a series that will continue through [2:57](../02/57.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 55 rnfm translate-names סֹטַ֥י ... הַ⁠סֹּפֶ֖רֶת ... פְרוּדָֽא 1 These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 2 55 rnfm translate-names סֹטַ֥י…הַ⁠סֹּפֶ֖רֶת…פְרוּדָֽא 1 These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 56 jtpw figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־יַעְלָ֥ה בְנֵי־דַרְק֖וֹן בְּנֵ֥י גִדֵּֽל׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. If you continue the sentence from [2:55](../02/55.md), you can just list the names of these three men. Alternate translation: “Jaalah, Darkon, Giddel,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 56 jtpw figs-metaphor בְּנֵי־יַעְלָ֥ה בְנֵי־דַרְק֖וֹן בְּנֵ֥י גִדֵּֽל׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. If you continue the sentence from [2:55](../02/55.md), you can just list the names of these three men. Alternate translation: “Jaalah, Darkon, Giddel,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 57 f1lh figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֧י שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה בְנֵֽי־חַטִּ֗יל בְּנֵ֛י פֹּכֶ֥רֶת הַצְּבָיִ֖ים בְּנֵ֥י אָמִֽי׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. If you continue the sentence from [2:55](../02/55.md), you can just list the names of these four men, and end the series in this verse. Alternate translation: “Shephatiah, Hattil, Pochereth Hazzebaim, and Ami” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 57 f1lh figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֧י שְׁפַטְיָ֣ה בְנֵֽי־חַטִּ֗יל בְּנֵ֛י פֹּכֶ֥רֶת הַצְּבָיִ֖ים בְּנֵ֥י אָמִֽי׃ 1 **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. If you continue the sentence from [2:55](../02/55.md), you can just list the names of these four men, and end the series in this verse. Alternate translation: “Shephatiah, Hattil, Pochereth Hazzebaim, and Ami” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 58 y86d כָּ֨ל־הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֔ים וּ⁠בְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִם׃ 1 392 Alternate translation: “Altogether 392 men returned who were descendants of temple servants or of laborers who had worked for the kingdom” EZR 2 58 y86d כָּ֨ל־הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֔ים וּ⁠בְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִם׃ 1 392 Alternate translation: “Altogether 392 men returned who were descendants of temple servants or of laborers who had worked for the kingdom”
@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ EZR 2 61 5xge וַ⁠יִּקָּרֵ֖א עַל־שְׁמָֽ⁠ם 1 Alternat
EZR 2 62 yiq1 figs-activepassive אֵ֗לֶּה בִּקְשׁ֧וּ כְתָבָ֛⁠ם הַ⁠מִּתְיַחְשִׂ֖ים וְ⁠לֹ֣א נִמְצָ֑אוּ וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠כְּהֻנָּֽה׃ 1 the records of their ancestry If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “They were not able to find any mention of their names in the lists of people who were descendants of the priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 2 62 yiq1 figs-activepassive אֵ֗לֶּה בִּקְשׁ֧וּ כְתָבָ֛⁠ם הַ⁠מִּתְיַחְשִׂ֖ים וְ⁠לֹ֣א נִמְצָ֑אוּ וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠כְּהֻנָּֽה׃ 1 the records of their ancestry If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “They were not able to find any mention of their names in the lists of people who were descendants of the priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 2 62 qt2w figs-abstractnouns וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠כְּהֻנָּֽה 1 they were excluded from the priesthood as defiled The abstract noun **priesthood** refers to the work that a priest does and the status that a priest holds as a representative of God to the people. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “So they were not allowed to serve as priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) EZR 2 62 qt2w figs-abstractnouns וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠כְּהֻנָּֽה 1 they were excluded from the priesthood as defiled The abstract noun **priesthood** refers to the work that a priest does and the status that a priest holds as a representative of God to the people. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “So they were not allowed to serve as priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 2 63 082e translate-unknown הַ⁠תִּרְשָׁ֨תָא֙ 1 This was the formal Persian title of the governor. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the title and then explain it. Alternate translation: “The Tirshatha, that is, the governor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 63 082e translate-unknown הַ⁠תִּרְשָׁ֨תָא֙ 1 This was the formal Persian title of the governor. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the title and then explain it. Alternate translation: “The Tirshatha, that is, the governor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 63 jyg6 figs-idiom וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר ... לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יֹאכְל֖וּ מִ⁠קֹּ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠קֳּדָשִׁ֑ים 1 The phrase **the holiest holy food** refers to the most sacred part of the food offerings, which was reserved for the priests. Alternate translation: “told them that they would not be allowed to eat the most sacred food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 2 63 jyg6 figs-idiom וַ⁠יֹּ֤אמֶר…לָ⁠הֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יֹאכְל֖וּ מִ⁠קֹּ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠קֳּדָשִׁ֑ים 1 The phrase **the holiest holy food** refers to the most sacred part of the food offerings, which was reserved for the priests. Alternate translation: “told them that they would not be allowed to eat the most sacred food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 2 63 67bg figs-metaphor עַ֛ד עֲמֹ֥ד כֹּהֵ֖ן 1 Here, **stand** is a figurative way of saying that a person has assumed the duties of their office. The priest means specifically the high priest, since he was the one who had possession of the objects that this verse describes (see next note). Alternate translation: “Until the high priest was once again on duty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 63 67bg figs-metaphor עַ֛ד עֲמֹ֥ד כֹּהֵ֖ן 1 Here, **stand** is a figurative way of saying that a person has assumed the duties of their office. The priest means specifically the high priest, since he was the one who had possession of the objects that this verse describes (see next note). Alternate translation: “Until the high priest was once again on duty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 63 n2du translate-unknown לְ⁠אוּרִ֥ים וּ⁠לְ⁠תֻמִּֽים 1 Urim and Thummim This was a pair of objects that the high priest kept in the breastpiece of his robe. It is unknown exactly what type of objects they were, but they were used to answer yes-or-no questions and to decide between two alternatives. If the priest, without looking, pulled out the Urim, that meant one answer, while if he pulled out the Thummim, that meant the other answer. If it would be clearer in your language, you could describe these objects by their function rather than by their names. Alternate translation: “and could use the sacred objects to decide their cases.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 2 63 n2du translate-unknown לְ⁠אוּרִ֥ים וּ⁠לְ⁠תֻמִּֽים 1 Urim and Thummim This was a pair of objects that the high priest kept in the breastpiece of his robe. It is unknown exactly what type of objects they were, but they were used to answer yes-or-no questions and to decide between two alternatives. If the priest, without looking, pulled out the Urim, that meant one answer, while if he pulled out the Thummim, that meant the other answer. If it would be clearer in your language, you could describe these objects by their function rather than by their names. Alternate translation: “and could use the sacred objects to decide their cases.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 2 64 a73j figs-idiom כָּל־הַ⁠קָּהָ֖ל כְּ⁠אֶחָ֑ד אַרְבַּ֣ע רִבּ֔וֹא אַלְפַּ֖יִם שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת שִׁשִּֽׁים׃ 1 whole group The expression **as one** means **all together**. Alternate translation: “The total number of men who returned was 42,360” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 2 64 a73j figs-idiom כָּל־הַ⁠קָּהָ֖ל כְּ⁠אֶחָ֑ד אַרְבַּ֣ע רִבּ֔וֹא אַלְפַּ֖יִם שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת שִׁשִּֽׁים׃ 1 whole group The expression **as one** means **all together**. Alternate translation: “The total number of men who returned was 42,360” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ EZR 2 66 t7kb סוּסֵי⁠הֶ֕ם שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת שְׁלֹ
EZR 2 67 mho1 גְּמַ֨לֵּי⁠הֶ֔ם אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה חֲמֹרִ֕ים שֵׁ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִֽים׃ 1 Alternate translation, concluding the sentence from the previous verse: “435 camels, and 6,720 donkeys” EZR 2 67 mho1 גְּמַ֨לֵּי⁠הֶ֔ם אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה חֲמֹרִ֕ים שֵׁ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִֽים׃ 1 Alternate translation, concluding the sentence from the previous verse: “435 camels, and 6,720 donkeys”
EZR 2 68 r2vx figs-ellipsis וּ⁠מֵ⁠רָאשֵׁי֙ הָֽ⁠אָב֔וֹת 1 **Heads of the fathers** is an abbreviated way of saying **the heads of father’s houses.** The full expression **house of the father** was used in [2:59](../02/59.md). See how you translated it there, and review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “some of the clan leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) EZR 2 68 r2vx figs-ellipsis וּ⁠מֵ⁠רָאשֵׁי֙ הָֽ⁠אָב֔וֹת 1 **Heads of the fathers** is an abbreviated way of saying **the heads of father’s houses.** The full expression **house of the father** was used in [2:59](../02/59.md). See how you translated it there, and review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “some of the clan leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZR 2 68 cvyh figs-metaphor וּ⁠מֵ⁠רָאשֵׁי֙ 1 Here, **head** is a figurative way of saying **leader**. Alternate translation: “leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 68 cvyh figs-metaphor וּ⁠מֵ⁠רָאשֵׁי֙ 1 Here, **head** is a figurative way of saying **leader**. Alternate translation: “leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 68 onqa figs-metaphor לְ⁠בֵ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּ⁠ירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם ... לְ⁠בֵ֣ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים 1 As in [1:3–4](../01/03.md), the expressions **house of Yahweh** and **house of God** both figuratively mean the temple. The book speaks of this temple as if it would be a house in which God lived, since God’s presence would be there. Alternate translation: “the temple of Yahweh in Jerusalem … the temple of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 2 68 onqa figs-metaphor לְ⁠בֵ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּ⁠ירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם…לְ⁠בֵ֣ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֔ים 1 As in [1:3–4](../01/03.md), the expressions **house of Yahweh** and **house of God** both figuratively mean the temple. The book speaks of this temple as if it would be a house in which God lived, since God’s presence would be there. Alternate translation: “the temple of Yahweh in Jerusalem…the temple of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 2 68 9i3w figs-personification לְ⁠הַעֲמִיד֖⁠וֹ עַל־מְכוֹנֽ⁠וֹ 1 This expression indicates figuratively that these gifts were given towards the costs of rebuilding the temple on its former site. The expression envisions the rebuilt temple as like a living thing that would **stand** in that location. Alternate translation: “to rebuild it on its former site” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) EZR 2 68 9i3w figs-personification לְ⁠הַעֲמִיד֖⁠וֹ עַל־מְכוֹנֽ⁠וֹ 1 This expression indicates figuratively that these gifts were given towards the costs of rebuilding the temple on its former site. The expression envisions the rebuilt temple as like a living thing that would **stand** in that location. Alternate translation: “to rebuild it on its former site” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZR 2 69 v744 לְ⁠אוֹצַ֣ר הַ⁠מְּלָאכָה֒ 1 sixty-one thousand…five thousand…one hundred **The work** means the project of rebuilding the temple. The **treasury** was where all of the money would be kept safely until it was needed. Alternate translation: “to the fund for rebuilding the temple” EZR 2 69 v744 לְ⁠אוֹצַ֣ר הַ⁠מְּלָאכָה֒ 1 sixty-one thousand…five thousand…one hundred **The work** means the project of rebuilding the temple. The **treasury** was where all of the money would be kept safely until it was needed. Alternate translation: “to the fund for rebuilding the temple”
EZR 2 69 qh93 translate-bmoney זָהָ֗ב דַּרְכְּמוֹנִים֙ שֵׁשׁ־רִבֹּ֣אות וָ⁠אֶ֔לֶף 1 gold darics In ancient times, a gold daric weighed about 8 or 8.5 grams, or about a quarter of an ounce. You could try to express this in terms of modern money values, but if you did, that could cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate, since those values can change over time. Instead, you might say something general like “61,000 gold coins,” or give the equivalent weight, or use the biblical term in the text and give the weight in a note. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) EZR 2 69 qh93 translate-bmoney זָהָ֗ב דַּרְכְּמוֹנִים֙ שֵׁשׁ־רִבֹּ֣אות וָ⁠אֶ֔לֶף 1 gold darics In ancient times, a gold daric weighed about 8 or 8.5 grams, or about a quarter of an ounce. You could try to express this in terms of modern money values, but if you did, that could cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate, since those values can change over time. Instead, you might say something general like “61,000 gold coins,” or give the equivalent weight, or use the biblical term in the text and give the weight in a note. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ EZR 3 1 us0g grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠יִּגַּע֙ 1 This wor
EZR 3 1 lr47 figs-explicit וַ⁠יִּגַּע֙ הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 This phrase refers to the beginning of the seventh month in the Jewish religious calendar, which is the first month in the Jewish civic calendar. The phrase is actually giving the reason why the people gathered in Jerusalem at this time. It was the start of a new year, and the leadership had decided to resume community worship, including daily sacrifices, as of the beginning of that year, as [2:6](../02/06.md) indicates. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at the start of the seventh month, because it was the beginning of a new civic year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 1 lr47 figs-explicit וַ⁠יִּגַּע֙ הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 This phrase refers to the beginning of the seventh month in the Jewish religious calendar, which is the first month in the Jewish civic calendar. The phrase is actually giving the reason why the people gathered in Jerusalem at this time. It was the start of a new year, and the leadership had decided to resume community worship, including daily sacrifices, as of the beginning of that year, as [2:6](../02/06.md) indicates. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at the start of the seventh month, because it was the beginning of a new civic year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 1 984e translate-ordinal הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 Alternate translation: “month seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) EZR 3 1 984e translate-ordinal הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 Alternate translation: “month seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 1 a2ka translate-hebrewmonths הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 the seventh month You could convert the Hebrew month into an equivalent on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the equivalency will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to use the number of the Hebrew month. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]]) EZR 3 1 a2ka translate-hebrewmonths הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 the seventh month You could convert the Hebrew month into an equivalent on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the equivalency will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to use the number of the Hebrew month. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
EZR 3 1 d1d0 figs-informremind וּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בֶּ⁠עָרִ֑יםס וַ⁠יֵּאָסְפ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֛ם ... אֶל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 Here, the book repeats some background information to remind readers why the Israelites were not all in Jerusalem already and would have had to come there from various places. Alternate translation: “the Israelites came from the different places where they had settled and they gathered in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 3 1 d1d0 figs-informremind וּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בֶּ⁠עָרִ֑יםס וַ⁠יֵּאָסְפ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֛ם…אֶל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 Here, the book repeats some background information to remind readers why the Israelites were not all in Jerusalem already and would have had to come there from various places. Alternate translation: “the Israelites came from the different places where they had settled and they gathered in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 3 1 vth3 figs-metaphor וּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Here, **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. The book is envisioning all of the Israelites as descendants of the patriarch Jacob, who was also known as Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 1 vth3 figs-metaphor וּ⁠בְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Here, **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. The book is envisioning all of the Israelites as descendants of the patriarch Jacob, who was also known as Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 1 hh94 figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֵּאָסְפ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֛ם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “they gathered together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 3 1 hh94 figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֵּאָסְפ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֛ם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “they gathered together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 3 1 hwv6 figs-idiom כְּ⁠אִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד 1 as one man **As one man** is an idiom that means **as if they were a single person**, that is, all in once place at the same time for the same purpose. Alternate translation: “in a huge crowd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 3 1 hwv6 figs-idiom כְּ⁠אִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד 1 as one man **As one man** is an idiom that means **as if they were a single person**, that is, all in once place at the same time for the same purpose. Alternate translation: “in a huge crowd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@ -267,9 +267,9 @@ EZR 3 7 gq2g translate-names הַ⁠לְּבָנוֹן֙ 1 This is the name of
EZR 3 7 kya8 translate-names יָפ֔וֹא 1 This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 3 7 kya8 translate-names יָפ֔וֹא 1 This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 7 ze22 figs-activepassive כְּ⁠רִשְׁי֛וֹן כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֖ס עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 according to the permission they had from King Cyrus of Persia If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus of Persia had authorized them to do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 3 7 ze22 figs-activepassive כְּ⁠רִשְׁי֛וֹן כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֖ס עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 according to the permission they had from King Cyrus of Persia If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus of Persia had authorized them to do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 3 7 5fm5 grammar-connect-logic-result כְּ⁠רִשְׁי֛וֹן כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֖ס עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this sentence first in the verse, since it gives the reason for the actions that the rest of the verse describes. You could also show the connection by beginning the next sentence with a phrase such as **and so**. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus of Persia had authorized the Jewish leaders to get the materials they needed to rebuild the temple. And so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 3 7 5fm5 grammar-connect-logic-result כְּ⁠רִשְׁי֛וֹן כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֖ס עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this sentence first in the verse, since it gives the reason for the actions that the rest of the verse describes. You could also show the connection by beginning the next sentence with a phrase such as **and so**. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus of Persia had authorized the Jewish leaders to get the materials they needed to rebuild the temple. And so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 3 8 ayx1 grammar-connect-time-sequential וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית ... בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 The word at the beginning of this phrase indicates that the events the story will now relate came after the events it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by saying something like, **Then, in the second month of the second year**. You could also indicate the specific amount of time that had passed since the time of the earlier events by saying something like, **Then, seven months later**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 3 8 ayx1 grammar-connect-time-sequential וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית…בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 The word at the beginning of this phrase indicates that the events the story will now relate came after the events it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by saying something like, **Then, in the second month of the second year**. You could also indicate the specific amount of time that had passed since the time of the earlier events by saying something like, **Then, seven months later**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 3 8 e0js translate-ordinal וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית ... בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 Alternate translation: “in month 2 of year 2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) EZR 3 8 e0js translate-ordinal וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית…בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 Alternate translation: “in month 2 of year 2” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 8 eh5s translate-hebrewmonths וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית ... בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 in the second month You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to use the numbers of the Hebrew day and month. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]]) EZR 3 8 eh5s translate-hebrewmonths וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית…בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 in the second month You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to use the numbers of the Hebrew day and month. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
EZR 3 8 rs79 figs-explicit וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית לְ⁠בוֹאָ֞⁠ם אֶל־בֵּ֤ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ לִ⁠יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם 1 At this time, there was no temple in Jerusalem. So this phrase likely means one of two things. (1) The book could be referring implicitly to the purpose for which they came. In that case it would mean, **in the second year after they returned to Jerusalem in order to build a new temple there**. (2) The book could also be describing the return to Judah generally by referring to one prominent place in Judah, the temple site in Jerusalem. In that case it would mean, **in the second year after they returned from exile to the province of Judah to resettle there**. You could say either of those things as an alternate translation if that would be helpful to your readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 8 rs79 figs-explicit וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית לְ⁠בוֹאָ֞⁠ם אֶל־בֵּ֤ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ לִ⁠יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם 1 At this time, there was no temple in Jerusalem. So this phrase likely means one of two things. (1) The book could be referring implicitly to the purpose for which they came. In that case it would mean, **in the second year after they returned to Jerusalem in order to build a new temple there**. (2) The book could also be describing the return to Judah generally by referring to one prominent place in Judah, the temple site in Jerusalem. In that case it would mean, **in the second year after they returned from exile to the province of Judah to resettle there**. You could say either of those things as an alternate translation if that would be helpful to your readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 8 y8bn figs-metaphor בֵּ֤ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ 1 to the house of God Alternate translation: “the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 8 y8bn figs-metaphor בֵּ֤ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ 1 to the house of God Alternate translation: “the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 8 ckj4 figs-explicit בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 in the second year The book does not say explicitly why the Jewish leaders started the actual construction of the new temple at this time. One possibility is that once they had ordered the necessary materials, as [3:7](../03/07.md) describes, it took seven months for enough materials to be delivered for construction to begin. Another possibility is that the leaders waited until spring because winter would have been a bad time to start building. Yet another possibility is that they wanted to lay the foundation of this new temple in the second month of the year for ceremonial reasons, because that was the month in which King Solomon had laid the foundation of the original temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the second month, once they had received sufficient materials” or “in the second month, once the spring weather came” or “in the second month, the same month when King Solomon laid the foundation of the first temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 8 ckj4 figs-explicit בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 in the second year The book does not say explicitly why the Jewish leaders started the actual construction of the new temple at this time. One possibility is that once they had ordered the necessary materials, as [3:7](../03/07.md) describes, it took seven months for enough materials to be delivered for construction to begin. Another possibility is that the leaders waited until spring because winter would have been a bad time to start building. Yet another possibility is that they wanted to lay the foundation of this new temple in the second month of the year for ceremonial reasons, because that was the month in which King Solomon had laid the foundation of the original temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the second month, once they had received sufficient materials” or “in the second month, once the spring weather came” or “in the second month, the same month when King Solomon laid the foundation of the first temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -289,14 +289,14 @@ EZR 3 9 r3rx translate-names קַדְמִיאֵ֨ל 1 Kadmiel This is the name o
EZR 3 9 sc2u וּ⁠בָנָ֤י⁠ו 1 Here as well the term **sons** does not seem to be figurative. Rather, it describes the biological sons of Kadmiel as people who helped supervise the temple construction. EZR 3 9 sc2u וּ⁠בָנָ֤י⁠ו 1 Here as well the term **sons** does not seem to be figurative. Rather, it describes the biological sons of Kadmiel as people who helped supervise the temple construction.
EZR 3 9 34q7 figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָה֙ 1 But here **sons** does figuratively mean **descendants**. As [2:40](../02/40.md) explains, Jeshua and Kadmiel were the leaders of two Levite clans that were both descended from a man named Hodaviah. Alternate translation: “who were all descendants of Hodaviah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 9 34q7 figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָה֙ 1 But here **sons** does figuratively mean **descendants**. As [2:40](../02/40.md) explains, Jeshua and Kadmiel were the leaders of two Levite clans that were both descended from a man named Hodaviah. Alternate translation: “who were all descendants of Hodaviah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 9 mrij translate-names יְהוּדָה֙ 1 This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [2:40](../02/40.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 3 9 mrij translate-names יְהוּדָה֙ 1 This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [2:40](../02/40.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 9 4r9e figs-metaphor וַ⁠יַּעֲמֹ֣ד ... כְּ⁠אֶחָ֔ד לְ⁠נַצֵּ֛חַ עַל־עֹשֵׂ֥ה הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֖ה 1 As in [2:63](../02/63.md), **stood** is a figurative way of saying that a person assumed the duties of their office. Alternate translation: “joined together to supervise the workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 9 4r9e figs-metaphor וַ⁠יַּעֲמֹ֣ד…כְּ⁠אֶחָ֔ד לְ⁠נַצֵּ֛חַ עַל־עֹשֵׂ֥ה הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֖ה 1 As in [2:63](../02/63.md), **stood** is a figurative way of saying that a person assumed the duties of their office. Alternate translation: “joined together to supervise the workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 9 myu1 figs-idiom כְּ⁠אֶחָ֔ד 1 **As one** is an idiom that means these men all behaved as if they were a single person, that is, they all did the same thing, they worked unitedly towards a common goal. Alternate translation: “together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 3 9 myu1 figs-idiom כְּ⁠אֶחָ֔ד 1 **As one** is an idiom that means these men all behaved as if they were a single person, that is, they all did the same thing, they worked unitedly towards a common goal. Alternate translation: “together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 3 9 mgw2 הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֖ה בְּ⁠בֵ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 As in [2:69](../02/69.md) and [3:8](../03/08.md), **the work** means the project of rebuilding the temple. Alternate translation: “the workers who were rebuilding the temple” EZR 3 9 mgw2 הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֖ה בְּ⁠בֵ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 As in [2:69](../02/69.md) and [3:8](../03/08.md), **the work** means the project of rebuilding the temple. Alternate translation: “the workers who were rebuilding the temple”
EZR 3 9 ihtd figs-explicit בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם וַ⁠אֲחֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם 1 The relationship of this list of names to the rest of the verse is not entirely clear. (1) One possibility is that it is a list of the people who did the actual construction work on the new temple, under the supervision of Jeshua, Kadmiel, and their relatives. (2) Another possibility is that the people listed here helped Jeshua, Kadmiel, and their relatives supervise other people who did the construction work. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of those things explicitly. Alternate translation: (1) “Those workers were the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites,” or, (2) “The sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites helped them supervise the workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 9 ihtd figs-explicit בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם וַ⁠אֲחֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם 1 The relationship of this list of names to the rest of the verse is not entirely clear. (1) One possibility is that it is a list of the people who did the actual construction work on the new temple, under the supervision of Jeshua, Kadmiel, and their relatives. (2) Another possibility is that the people listed here helped Jeshua, Kadmiel, and their relatives supervise other people who did the construction work. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of those things explicitly. Alternate translation: (1) “Those workers were the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites,” or, (2) “The sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites helped them supervise the workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 9 q6vn figs-metaphor בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם וַ⁠אֲחֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם 1 (1) **Their** could refer to Jeshua and Kadmiel, in which case **their brothers the Levites** would be a figurative way of saying **their fellow Levites**, as opposed to the biological brothers mentioned earlier in the verse. The phrase would refer to all the other Levites who had returned from exile. (2) However, **their** could also refer to the sons of Henadad. It would still mean **fellow Levites**, and it would indicate that those men were Levites themselves. Alternate translation: (1) “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites who had returned from exile” or (2) “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and the others who were Levites as they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 9 q6vn figs-metaphor בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם וַ⁠אֲחֵי⁠הֶ֖ם הַ⁠לְוִיִּֽם 1 (1) **Their** could refer to Jeshua and Kadmiel, in which case **their brothers the Levites** would be a figurative way of saying **their fellow Levites**, as opposed to the biological brothers mentioned earlier in the verse. The phrase would refer to all the other Levites who had returned from exile. (2) However, **their** could also refer to the sons of Henadad. It would still mean **fellow Levites**, and it would indicate that those men were Levites themselves. Alternate translation: (1) “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and all the other Levites who had returned from exile” or (2) “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad and the others who were Levites as they were” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 9 nyal translate-names בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם 1 The **sons of Henadad** seems to mean the actual sons of a man named Henadad. **Their sons** seems to mean the actual sons of those men. The book does not mention Henadad anywhere else and it does not provide any further information about him, so it would probably be best simply to state his name. Alternate translation: “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 3 9 nyal translate-names בְּנֵי֙ חֵֽנָדָ֔ד בְּנֵי⁠הֶ֥ם 1 The **sons of Henadad** seems to mean the actual sons of a man named Henadad. **Their sons** seems to mean the actual sons of those men. The book does not mention Henadad anywhere else and it does not provide any further information about him, so it would probably be best simply to state his name. Alternate translation: “the sons and grandsons of a man named Henadad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 10 zkmw grammar-connect-time-sequential וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ הַ⁠בֹּנִ֖ים אֶת־הֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֑ה 1 The word at the beginning of this sentence indicates that it will describe something that took place after the event the story has just related. (Specifically, now that all the necessary supervisors were in place, the construction work could begin.) If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **Then.** Alternate translation: “Then the builders laid the foundation of the new temple for Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 3 10 zkmw grammar-connect-time-sequential וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ הַ⁠בֹּנִ֖ים אֶת־הֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֑ה 1 The word at the beginning of this sentence indicates that it will describe something that took place after the event the story has just related. (Specifically, now that all the necessary supervisors were in place, the construction work could begin.) If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **Then.** Alternate translation: “Then the builders laid the foundation of the new temple for Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 3 10 w1j9 figs-explicit וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ ... אֶת־הֵיכַ֣ל 1 laid the foundation This likely means that the workers had done more than set stone blocks in place to support the temple walls. They had probably set the entire temple floor in stone. This would have allowed many of the people who had come for this celebration to stand within the site of the future temple. It would also have enabled the priests to wear their special garments and keep them clean. Alternate translation: “set the temple floor in stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 10 w1j9 figs-explicit וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ…אֶת־הֵיכַ֣ל 1 laid the foundation This likely means that the workers had done more than set stone blocks in place to support the temple walls. They had probably set the entire temple floor in stone. This would have allowed many of the people who had come for this celebration to stand within the site of the future temple. It would also have enabled the priests to wear their special garments and keep them clean. Alternate translation: “set the temple floor in stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 10 wkt7 grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ 1 The word at the beginning of this sentence indicates that the event it describes took place at the same time as the event the story has just related. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship in this case by using a phrase such as **at that time**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]]) EZR 3 10 wkt7 grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ 1 The word at the beginning of this sentence indicates that the event it describes took place at the same time as the event the story has just related. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship in this case by using a phrase such as **at that time**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous]])
EZR 3 10 539g figs-metaphor וַ⁠יַּעֲמִידוּ֩ הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֨ים מְלֻבָּשִׁ֜ים בַּ⁠חֲצֹֽצְר֗וֹת 1 As in [2:63](../02/63.md) and [3:9](../03/09.md), **stood** is a figurative way of saying that a person assumed the duties of their office. Alternate translation: “they had the priests come to the temple site wearing their sacred garments and play their trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 10 539g figs-metaphor וַ⁠יַּעֲמִידוּ֩ הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֨ים מְלֻבָּשִׁ֜ים בַּ⁠חֲצֹֽצְר֗וֹת 1 As in [2:63](../02/63.md) and [3:9](../03/09.md), **stood** is a figurative way of saying that a person assumed the duties of their office. Alternate translation: “they had the priests come to the temple site wearing their sacred garments and play their trumpets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 10 kh7e figs-activepassive מְלֻבָּשִׁ֜ים 1 in their garments If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind this passive verb form with a phrase that uses an active form. Alternate translation: “wearing their sacred garments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 3 10 kh7e figs-activepassive מְלֻבָּשִׁ֜ים 1 in their garments If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind this passive verb form with a phrase that uses an active form. Alternate translation: “wearing their sacred garments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ EZR 3 12 4q1v figs-ellipsis וְ⁠רָאשֵׁ֨י הָ⁠אָב֜וֹת 1 As
EZR 3 12 96gu writing-background הַ⁠זְּקֵנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר רָא֜וּ אֶת־הַ⁠בַּ֤יִת 1 This phrase provides background information to identify these specific priests, Levites, and clan leaders further. Alternate translation: “who were old enough to have seen the first temple before it was destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) EZR 3 12 96gu writing-background הַ⁠זְּקֵנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר רָא֜וּ אֶת־הַ⁠בַּ֤יִת 1 This phrase provides background information to identify these specific priests, Levites, and clan leaders further. Alternate translation: “who were old enough to have seen the first temple before it was destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
EZR 3 12 wzqy figs-explicit בֹּכִ֖ים בְּ⁠ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל 1 The book does not say specifically why these older leaders who had seen the first temple were weeping. One possibility is that they felt grief and loss because they remembered the first temple in all of its glory and they could not imagine that this replacement would ever be as splendid. Another possibility is that seeing the community begin to restore its temple brought back memories of the terrible days in which the original temple had been destroyed and the people had had to leave their homes and go into exile. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “wept loudly because they thought this new temple could never be as glorious as the first one” or “wept loudly because they remembered how the first temple had been destroyed” or just “wept loudly, remembering the past” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 12 wzqy figs-explicit בֹּכִ֖ים בְּ⁠ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל 1 The book does not say specifically why these older leaders who had seen the first temple were weeping. One possibility is that they felt grief and loss because they remembered the first temple in all of its glory and they could not imagine that this replacement would ever be as splendid. Another possibility is that seeing the community begin to restore its temple brought back memories of the terrible days in which the original temple had been destroyed and the people had had to leave their homes and go into exile. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say one of these things explicitly. Alternate translation: “wept loudly because they thought this new temple could never be as glorious as the first one” or “wept loudly because they remembered how the first temple had been destroyed” or just “wept loudly, remembering the past” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 12 yarf figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָסְד֔⁠וֹ זֶ֤ה הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 As in [3:6](../03/06.md), **founding** means to begin construction on a building. It is a reference to the first step, laying a foundation, though it may mean starting the project generally. **Eyes** figuratively represent sight. So this phrase means **when construction began on the temple in their sight**. Alternate translation: “began to weep when they saw the foundation that the builders had laid for this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 3 12 yarf figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יָסְד֔⁠וֹ זֶ֤ה הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 As in [3:6](../03/06.md), **founding** means to begin construction on a building. It is a reference to the first step, laying a foundation, though it may mean starting the project generally. **Eyes** figuratively represent sight. So this phrase means **when construction began on the temple in their sight**. Alternate translation: “began to weep when they saw the foundation that the builders had laid for this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 3 12 xj13 figs-metaphor אֶת־הַ⁠בַּ֤יִת הָֽ⁠רִאשׁוֹן֙ ... זֶ֤ה הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ 1 first house As often in this book, **house** is a metaphor for **temple**. Alternate translation: “the first temple … this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 3 12 xj13 figs-metaphor אֶת־הַ⁠בַּ֤יִת הָֽ⁠רִאשׁוֹן֙…זֶ֤ה הַ⁠בַּ֨יִת֙ 1 first house As often in this book, **house** is a metaphor for **temple**. Alternate translation: “the first temple…this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 12 rmy5 grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים 1 before their eyes The word **yet** indicates a contrast between what the people just described were doing and what the people who will be described next were doing. You could indicate this contrast by saying something like, “But many others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EZR 3 12 rmy5 grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים 1 before their eyes The word **yet** indicates a contrast between what the people just described were doing and what the people who will be described next were doing. You could indicate this contrast by saying something like, “But many others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EZR 3 12 d9tw figs-idiom וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים בִּ⁠תְרוּעָ֥ה בְ⁠שִׂמְחָ֖ה לְ⁠הָרִ֥ים קֽוֹל 1 wept with a loud voice To lift up a voice is an idiom that means to speak, shout, or sing loudly. Alternate translation: “many others were giving loud, happy shouts.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 3 12 d9tw figs-idiom וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים בִּ⁠תְרוּעָ֥ה בְ⁠שִׂמְחָ֖ה לְ⁠הָרִ֥ים קֽוֹל 1 wept with a loud voice To lift up a voice is an idiom that means to speak, shout, or sing loudly. Alternate translation: “many others were giving loud, happy shouts.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 3 12 onuv figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים בִּ⁠תְרוּעָ֥ה בְ⁠שִׂמְחָ֖ה לְ⁠הָרִ֥ים קֽוֹל 1 The idea behind the abstract noun **joy** can be expressed with an adjective such as **happy**. Alternate translation: “many others were giving loud, happy shouts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) EZR 3 12 onuv figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠רַבִּ֛ים בִּ⁠תְרוּעָ֥ה בְ⁠שִׂמְחָ֖ה לְ⁠הָרִ֥ים קֽוֹל 1 The idea behind the abstract noun **joy** can be expressed with an adjective such as **happy**. Alternate translation: “many others were giving loud, happy shouts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -326,10 +326,10 @@ EZR 3 13 fpsh grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠אֵ֣ין הָ⁠עָ֗ם מ
EZR 3 13 u6pc figs-explicit וְ⁠אֵ֣ין הָ⁠עָ֗ם מַכִּירִים֙ ק֚וֹל תְּרוּעַ֣ת הַ⁠שִּׂמְחָ֔ה לְ⁠ק֖וֹל בְּכִ֣י הָ⁠עָ֑ם כִּ֣י הָ⁠עָ֗ם מְרִיעִים֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה 1 In its first occurrence here, the phrase **the people** means all the Israelites who had gathered for this ceremony. In its second occurrence, the phrase refers to one group of them, the older leaders who had seen the first temple and were weeping. In its third occurrence, it refers to another group of them, the younger Israelites who were shouting for joy. Alternate translation: “because the people who were happy were shouting so loudly, no one at the ceremony could distinguish their cries from the weeping of those who had seen the first temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 3 13 u6pc figs-explicit וְ⁠אֵ֣ין הָ⁠עָ֗ם מַכִּירִים֙ ק֚וֹל תְּרוּעַ֣ת הַ⁠שִּׂמְחָ֔ה לְ⁠ק֖וֹל בְּכִ֣י הָ⁠עָ֑ם כִּ֣י הָ⁠עָ֗ם מְרִיעִים֙ תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה 1 In its first occurrence here, the phrase **the people** means all the Israelites who had gathered for this ceremony. In its second occurrence, the phrase refers to one group of them, the older leaders who had seen the first temple and were weeping. In its third occurrence, it refers to another group of them, the younger Israelites who were shouting for joy. Alternate translation: “because the people who were happy were shouting so loudly, no one at the ceremony could distinguish their cries from the weeping of those who had seen the first temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 13 rvdj figs-activepassive וְ⁠הַ⁠קּ֥וֹל נִשְׁמַ֖ע עַד־לְ⁠מֵ⁠רָחֽוֹק 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “The combined sound was so loud that those who lived far away from Jerusalem could hear it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 3 13 rvdj figs-activepassive וְ⁠הַ⁠קּ֥וֹל נִשְׁמַ֖ע עַד־לְ⁠מֵ⁠רָחֽוֹק 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “The combined sound was so loud that those who lived far away from Jerusalem could hear it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 intro x878 0 # Ezra 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Helping to build the temple<br>The people of the surrounding nations offered to help to build the temple. It is unknown why the Jews refused their help. These other people became their enemies and tried to hinder the work. They even persuaded the king of Persia to stop the Jews from building. EZR 4 intro x878 0 # Ezra 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Helping to build the temple<br>The people of the surrounding nations offered to help to build the temple. It is unknown why the Jews refused their help. These other people became their enemies and tried to hinder the work. They even persuaded the king of Persia to stop the Jews from building.
EZR 4 1 v368 writing-background וַֽ⁠יִּשְׁמְע֔וּ 0 General Information: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces will provide background information that will be needed to understand what the book describes next. You can translate it with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) EZR 4 1 v368 writing-background וַֽ⁠יִּשְׁמְע֔וּ 1 General Information: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces will provide background information that will be needed to understand what the book describes next. You can translate it with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
EZR 4 1 miqb figs-personification יְהוּדָ֖ה וּ⁠בִנְיָמִ֑ן 1 Here, the book is referring figuratively to the people who came from the tribe of Judah as if they were a single person, their ancestor Judah. It is referring similarly to the people of the tribe of Benjamin as if they were a single person, their ancestor Benjamin. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin,” however, see the next note for a further possibility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) EZR 4 1 miqb figs-personification יְהוּדָ֖ה וּ⁠בִנְיָמִ֑ן 1 Here, the book is referring figuratively to the people who came from the tribe of Judah as if they were a single person, their ancestor Judah. It is referring similarly to the people of the tribe of Benjamin as if they were a single person, their ancestor Benjamin. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin,” however, see the next note for a further possibility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZR 4 1 i4dx figs-hendiadys יְהוּדָ֖ה וּ⁠בִנְיָמִ֑ן 1 Here, the book may be expressing a single idea figuratively by using two words connected with **and**. Together the two words may be a way of referring to all of the Israelites, since at this point the community consisted essentially of people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) EZR 4 1 i4dx figs-hendiadys יְהוּדָ֖ה וּ⁠בִנְיָמִ֑ן 1 Here, the book may be expressing a single idea figuratively by using two words connected with **and**. Together the two words may be a way of referring to all of the Israelites, since at this point the community consisted essentially of people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
EZR 4 1 vflf figs-synecdoche וַֽ⁠יִּשְׁמְע֔וּ ... כִּֽי־בְנֵ֤י הַ⁠גּוֹלָה֙ בּוֹנִ֣ים הֵיכָ֔ל 1 **Heard** means that these enemies learned by some means that the Jews were doing this. The book is figuratively using hearing, one means of discovering things, to describe the enemies learning this. Alternate translation: “learned that the Jews who had returned from exile were building a temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) EZR 4 1 vflf figs-synecdoche וַֽ⁠יִּשְׁמְע֔וּ…כִּֽי־בְנֵ֤י הַ⁠גּוֹלָה֙ בּוֹנִ֣ים הֵיכָ֔ל 1 **Heard** means that these enemies learned by some means that the Jews were doing this. The book is figuratively using hearing, one means of discovering things, to describe the enemies learning this. Alternate translation: “learned that the Jews who had returned from exile were building a temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZR 4 1 syf6 figs-idiom בְנֵ֤י הַ⁠גּוֹלָה֙ 1 As indicated in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [8:35](../08/35.md), the phrase **the sons of the exile** refers specifically to the group of Jewish people who returned to the land of Judah from Babylon after King Nebuchadnezzar had conquered Jerusalem and has taken many Jews as captives to Babylon. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile” or “the Jews who had returned to their homeland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 4 1 syf6 figs-idiom בְנֵ֤י הַ⁠גּוֹלָה֙ 1 As indicated in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [8:35](../08/35.md), the phrase **the sons of the exile** refers specifically to the group of Jewish people who returned to the land of Judah from Babylon after King Nebuchadnezzar had conquered Jerusalem and has taken many Jews as captives to Babylon. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile” or “the Jews who had returned to their homeland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 4 1 czf3 figs-informremind לַ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This phrase provides further background information about Yahweh and it likely expresses the perspective of the enemies on the situation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God they worshipped” or “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 4 1 czf3 figs-informremind לַ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 This phrase provides further background information about Yahweh and it likely expresses the perspective of the enemies on the situation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God they worshipped” or “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 4 2 dkbu grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יִּגְּשׁ֨וּ 1 This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 4 2 dkbu grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יִּגְּשׁ֨וּ 1 This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
@ -349,11 +349,11 @@ EZR 4 3 bl6x figs-metaphor בַּ֖יִת לֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 Alte
EZR 4 3 jpin grammar-connect-logic-contrast כִּי֩ 1 This word indicates that the clause it introduces draws a contrast between what the men asked and what the Jewish leaders were prepared to allow. To indicate this contrast, you could begin the sentence with a word or phrase such as **no**, **rather**, or **on the contrary**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EZR 4 3 jpin grammar-connect-logic-contrast כִּי֩ 1 This word indicates that the clause it introduces draws a contrast between what the men asked and what the Jewish leaders were prepared to allow. To indicate this contrast, you could begin the sentence with a word or phrase such as **no**, **rather**, or **on the contrary**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EZR 4 3 2kgy figs-exclusive אֲנַ֨חְנוּ יַ֜חַד נִבְנֶ֗ה לַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 **We ourselves** here does not include the addressees. If your language marks that distinction, be sure that this is clear in your translation. **Together** does not mean the Jewish people and these foreign peoples together. It means the whole Jewish community together. Alternate translation: “It is all of us Israelites who will build a temple for Yahweh, the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) EZR 4 3 2kgy figs-exclusive אֲנַ֨חְנוּ יַ֜חַד נִבְנֶ֗ה לַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 **We ourselves** here does not include the addressees. If your language marks that distinction, be sure that this is clear in your translation. **Together** does not mean the Jewish people and these foreign peoples together. It means the whole Jewish community together. Alternate translation: “It is all of us Israelites who will build a temple for Yahweh, the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
EZR 4 3 vez9 figs-informremind אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 See the note to [4:1](../04/01.md) about the significance of this phrase. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 4 3 vez9 figs-informremind אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 See the note to [4:1](../04/01.md) about the significance of this phrase. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 4 3 2qpr figs-explicit כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔⁠נוּ הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרָֽס 1 It is implicit in the story that the Jewish leaders know that they cannot trust these foreign leaders, whom the story describes as their **enemies**. The Jewish leaders suggest indirectly that they do not accept their claim to be devotees of Yahweh. They say, **It is not for you … to build a house for our God**, and they describe Yahweh as the **God of Israel** exclusively. But apparently they cannot contradict the claim directly, perhaps for reasons of etiquette and diplomacy. Instead, it seems that they find convenient grounds to exclude foreigners from the temple project in the literal wording of the proclamation that Cyrus issued: **Whoever among you is from all his people … may he build the house of Yahweh, the God of Israel**. It may be possible in your translation to translate this phrase in such a way that your readers will implicitly recognize it as the convenient excuse it apparently is. Alternate translation: “After all, that is what King Cyrus of Persia commanded.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 4 3 2qpr figs-explicit כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔⁠נוּ הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרָֽס 1 It is implicit in the story that the Jewish leaders know that they cannot trust these foreign leaders, whom the story describes as their **enemies**. The Jewish leaders suggest indirectly that they do not accept their claim to be devotees of Yahweh. They say, **It is not for you…to build a house for our God**, and they describe Yahweh as the **God of Israel** exclusively. But apparently they cannot contradict the claim directly, perhaps for reasons of etiquette and diplomacy. Instead, it seems that they find convenient grounds to exclude foreigners from the temple project in the literal wording of the proclamation that Cyrus issued: **Whoever among you is from all his people…may he build the house of Yahweh, the God of Israel**. It may be possible in your translation to translate this phrase in such a way that your readers will implicitly recognize it as the convenient excuse it apparently is. Alternate translation: “After all, that is what King Cyrus of Persia commanded.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 4 4 j0ej writing-newevent וַ⁠יְהִי֙ 1 In Hebrew storytelling, this is a common way of introducing a new event. You do not need to represent it in your translation unless your language has a similar expression that it characteristically uses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) EZR 4 4 j0ej writing-newevent וַ⁠יְהִי֙ 1 In Hebrew storytelling, this is a common way of introducing a new event. You do not need to represent it in your translation unless your language has a similar expression that it characteristically uses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
EZR 4 4 d9da figs-idiom עַם־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 the people of the land This expression refers to the non-Israelite people groups, listed in [4:9](../04/09.md), whom the Assyrian kings Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal had brought to live in the area just north of Judah in the century before the Jews were taken away into exile themselves. When the Jews returned to their homeland, those foreign groups were still living nearby. Alternate translation: “the foreign people groups living nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 4 4 d9da figs-idiom עַם־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 the people of the land This expression refers to the non-Israelite people groups, listed in [4:9](../04/09.md), whom the Assyrian kings Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal had brought to live in the area just north of Judah in the century before the Jews were taken away into exile themselves. When the Jews returned to their homeland, those foreign groups were still living nearby. Alternate translation: “the foreign people groups living nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 4 4 n1m9 figs-parallelism וַ⁠יְהִי֙…מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה וּֽמְבַהֲלִ֥ים אוֹתָ֖⁠ם לִ⁠בְנֽוֹת 1 made the hands of the people of Judah weak These two phrases mean similar things. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “making the people of Judah so intimidated that they stopped working on the temple” However, there is a slight distinction between the phrases. The first one describes how the people felt inwardly, and the second one explains what effect this had on their outward actions. So you could also translate the phrases separately. Alternate translation: “intimidating the people of Judah, so that they were too afraid to keep working on the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 4 4 n1m9 figs-parallelism וַ⁠יְהִי֙…מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה וּֽמְבַהֲלִ֥ים אוֹתָ֖⁠ם לִ⁠בְנֽוֹת 1 made the hands of the people of Judah weak These two phrases mean similar things. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “making the people of Judah so intimidated that they stopped working on the temple” However, there is a slight distinction between the phrases. The first one describes how the people felt inwardly, and the second one explains what effect this had on their outward actions. So you could also translate the phrases separately. Alternate translation: “intimidating the people of Judah, so that they were too afraid to keep working on the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 4 4 7ih7 figs-metaphor וַ⁠יְהִי֙...מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 Here, **hand** figuratively represents power and action, so **weakening the hand** means to make someone so discouraged or intimidated that they do not use their power to act. Alternate translation: “intimidating the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 4 4 7ih7 figs-metaphor וַ⁠יְהִי֙…מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 Here, **hand** figuratively represents power and action, so **weakening the hand** means to make someone so discouraged or intimidated that they do not use their power to act. Alternate translation: “intimidating the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 4 4 aq32 עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 the people of Judah In this context, this expression does not mean all the inhabitants of the province of Judah, whatever their nationality, but rather specifically the Jews who returned from exile and settled there. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile and settled in the province of Judah” EZR 4 4 aq32 עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 the people of Judah In this context, this expression does not mean all the inhabitants of the province of Judah, whatever their nationality, but rather specifically the Jews who returned from exile and settled there. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile and settled in the province of Judah”
EZR 4 5 7dut translate-unknown וְ⁠סֹכְרִ֧ים עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֛ם יוֹעֲצִ֖ים 1 **Counselors** means royal advisors in the Persian court. The enemies of the Jews were bribing them to try to get them to influence the king against the Jews. Alternate translation: “bribing royal advisors to work against the Jews in the Persian court” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 4 5 7dut translate-unknown וְ⁠סֹכְרִ֧ים עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֛ם יוֹעֲצִ֖ים 1 **Counselors** means royal advisors in the Persian court. The enemies of the Jews were bribing them to try to get them to influence the king against the Jews. Alternate translation: “bribing royal advisors to work against the Jews in the Persian court” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 4 5 kd9a לְ⁠הָפֵ֣ר עֲצָתָ֑⁠ם 1 to frustrate their plans Alternate translation: “to keep them from successfully rebuilding the temple” EZR 4 5 kd9a לְ⁠הָפֵ֣ר עֲצָתָ֑⁠ם 1 to frustrate their plans Alternate translation: “to keep them from successfully rebuilding the temple”
@ -441,9 +441,9 @@ EZR 4 18 bbxs figs-explicit מְפָרַ֥שׁ קֱרִ֖י קָדָמָֽ⁠י
EZR 4 19 bapj grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ 1 This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “As a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 4 19 bapj grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ 1 This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “As a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 4 19 h6w5 figs-activepassive וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I commanded my officials to search” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 4 19 h6w5 figs-activepassive וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I commanded my officials to search” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 19 rx6m figs-explicit וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 The implication is that the king ordered his officials to search in the royal chronicles to investigate the charges that Rehum, Shimshai, and the others had made against Jerusalem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I commanded my officials to search in the royal chronicles and investigate your claims” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 4 19 rx6m figs-explicit וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 The implication is that the king ordered his officials to search in the royal chronicles to investigate the charges that Rehum, Shimshai, and the others had made against Jerusalem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I commanded my officials to search in the royal chronicles and investigate your claims” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 4 19 kzrh figs-parallelism דִּ֚י קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ...עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה וּ⁠מְרַ֥ד וְ⁠אֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־בַּֽ⁠הּ 1 These two phrases mean similar things. Artaxerxes says the same thing twice, in similar ways, for emphasis. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Instead, if it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has continually been a center for revolts against rulers”<br>However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase intensifies the first by portraying Jerusalem not just as a city that has rebelled, but as a place where rebellions have repeatedly originated. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has rebelled against the emperors that ruled it, and in fact that city has repeatedly been a base for revolts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br><br><br><br> EZR 4 19 kzrh figs-parallelism דִּ֚י קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ…עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה וּ⁠מְרַ֥ד וְ⁠אֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־בַּֽ⁠הּ 1 These two phrases mean similar things. Artaxerxes says the same thing twice, in similar ways, for emphasis. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Instead, if it would be clearer in your language, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has continually been a center for revolts against rulers”<br>However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase intensifies the first by portraying Jerusalem not just as a city that has rebelled, but as a place where rebellions have repeatedly originated. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has rebelled against the emperors that ruled it, and in fact that city has repeatedly been a base for revolts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br><br><br><br>
EZR 4 19 eq5y figs-idiom קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ...עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה 1 **That city** means Jerusalem. In this context, the expression **lift oneself up** means to reject an authority and claim authority for oneself. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has rebelled against the emperors that ruled it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 4 19 eq5y figs-idiom קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ…עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה 1 **That city** means Jerusalem. In this context, the expression **lift oneself up** means to reject an authority and claim authority for oneself. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem has rebelled against the emperors that ruled it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 4 19 wf0o figs-metonymy קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ...עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה 1 Here, Artaxerxes speaks figuratively of the people of Jerusalem by reference to something associated with them, the city where they live. Alternate translation: “the people of Jerusalem have rebelled against the emperors who ruled them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 4 19 wf0o figs-metonymy קִרְיְתָ֣⁠א דָ֔ךְ…עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה 1 Here, Artaxerxes speaks figuratively of the people of Jerusalem by reference to something associated with them, the city where they live. Alternate translation: “the people of Jerusalem have rebelled against the emperors who ruled them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 19 y5eu figs-doublet וּ⁠מְרַ֥ד וְ⁠אֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־בַּֽ⁠הּ 1 **Rebellion** and **revolt** mean similar things. Artaxerxes uses the two terms together for emphasis, perhaps to acknowledge that the records have indeed confirmed what the officials alleged. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “and the city has repeatedly been a base for revolts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) EZR 4 19 y5eu figs-doublet וּ⁠מְרַ֥ד וְ⁠אֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־בַּֽ⁠הּ 1 **Rebellion** and **revolt** mean similar things. Artaxerxes uses the two terms together for emphasis, perhaps to acknowledge that the records have indeed confirmed what the officials alleged. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms. Alternate translation: “and the city has repeatedly been a base for revolts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZR 4 20 7s5z figs-metaphor וּ⁠מַלְכִ֣ין תַּקִּיפִ֗ין הֲווֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשְׁלֶ֔ם 1 These kings are described here in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as being higher than or above Jerusalem to indicate that this was the place in which and from which they ruled. Alternate translation: “powerful kings ruled from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 4 20 7s5z figs-metaphor וּ⁠מַלְכִ֣ין תַּקִּיפִ֗ין הֲווֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשְׁלֶ֔ם 1 These kings are described here in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as being higher than or above Jerusalem to indicate that this was the place in which and from which they ruled. Alternate translation: “powerful kings ruled from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 4 20 ewxu writing-background וְ⁠שַׁ֨לִּיטִ֔ין 1 This word introduces further information. Alternate translation: “in fact” (See: Connect - [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) EZR 4 20 ewxu writing-background וְ⁠שַׁ֨לִּיטִ֔ין 1 This word introduces further information. Alternate translation: “in fact” (See: Connect - [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ EZR 5 1 buty grammar-connect-time-simultaneous וְ⁠הִתְנַבִּ֞י 1 I
EZR 5 1 4xco translate-unknown נביאי⁠א 1 Iddo A prophet is someone who speaks messages from God to people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 5 1 4xco translate-unknown נביאי⁠א 1 Iddo A prophet is someone who speaks messages from God to people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 5 1 qgzx translate-names חַגַּ֣י 1 Iddo This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 5 1 qgzx translate-names חַגַּ֣י 1 Iddo This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 1 bdb8 translate-names וּ⁠זְכַרְיָ֤ה בַר־עִדּוֹא֙ 1 Iddo Zechariah is the name of a man, and Iddo is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 5 1 bdb8 translate-names וּ⁠זְכַרְיָ֤ה בַר־עִדּוֹא֙ 1 Iddo Zechariah is the name of a man, and Iddo is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 1 zfch figs-explicit וְ⁠הִתְנַבִּ֞י...עַל־יְה֣וּדָיֵ֔⁠א דִּ֥י בִ⁠יה֖וּד וּ⁠בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 Iddo The implication, based on how the Jewish leaders respond in the next verse, is that Haggai and Zechariah prophesied to them specifically that they should resume work on rebuilding the temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “told the Jews in Judah and Jerusalem that they should start rebuilding the temple again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 5 1 zfch figs-explicit וְ⁠הִתְנַבִּ֞י…עַל־יְה֣וּדָיֵ֔⁠א דִּ֥י בִ⁠יה֖וּד וּ⁠בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 Iddo The implication, based on how the Jewish leaders respond in the next verse, is that Haggai and Zechariah prophesied to them specifically that they should resume work on rebuilding the temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “told the Jews in Judah and Jerusalem that they should start rebuilding the temple again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 5 1 gfey figs-idiom בְּ⁠שֻׁ֛ם אֱלָ֥הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Iddo This expression means that Haggai and Zechariah made clear that they were speaking to the Jews on behalf of God, as if God were speaking through them. Alternate translation: “as messengers of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 5 1 gfey figs-idiom בְּ⁠שֻׁ֛ם אֱלָ֥הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Iddo This expression means that Haggai and Zechariah made clear that they were speaking to the Jews on behalf of God, as if God were speaking through them. Alternate translation: “as messengers of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 5 1 ko7o figs-informremind אֱלָ֥הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Iddo As in [4:1](../04/01.md), this phrase provides further background information about Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 5 1 ko7o figs-informremind אֱלָ֥הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Iddo As in [4:1](../04/01.md), this phrase provides further background information about Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 5 1 4w8s figs-metaphor עֲלֵי⁠הֽוֹן 1 Iddo God is described here in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as being higher than or above the Jews to indicate that they acknowledged his authority and they served and obeyed him. Alternate translation: “whom the Jews worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 5 1 4w8s figs-metaphor עֲלֵי⁠הֽוֹן 1 Iddo God is described here in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as being higher than or above the Jews to indicate that they acknowledged his authority and they served and obeyed him. Alternate translation: “whom the Jews worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ EZR 5 5 1vci grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠לָא 1 the eye of God was on
EZR 5 5 eu4e figs-explicit וְ⁠לָא־בַטִּ֣לוּ הִמּ֔וֹ עַד־טַעְמָ֖⁠א לְ⁠דָרְיָ֣וֶשׁ יְהָ֑ךְ 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter **They** means Tattenai and his associates. The implication is that they did not make the Jewish leaders stop rebuilding the temple right away. Rather, they chose to wait until they could send a report about the rebuilding to Darius, to see what he would say about it. Alternate translation: “Tattenai and his associates did not make the Jews stop rebuilding the temple right away. Instead, they decided to report the matter to King Darius.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 5 5 eu4e figs-explicit וְ⁠לָא־בַטִּ֣לוּ הִמּ֔וֹ עַד־טַעְמָ֖⁠א לְ⁠דָרְיָ֣וֶשׁ יְהָ֑ךְ 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter **They** means Tattenai and his associates. The implication is that they did not make the Jewish leaders stop rebuilding the temple right away. Rather, they chose to wait until they could send a report about the rebuilding to Darius, to see what he would say about it. Alternate translation: “Tattenai and his associates did not make the Jews stop rebuilding the temple right away. Instead, they decided to report the matter to King Darius.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 5 5 udsx grammar-connect-time-sequential וֶ⁠אֱדַ֛יִן 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter This phrase indicates that this event would take place after the event the story has just described. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 5 5 udsx grammar-connect-time-sequential וֶ⁠אֱדַ֛יִן 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter This phrase indicates that this event would take place after the event the story has just described. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 5 5 y8gi תִיב֥וּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֖⁠א עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter **They** actually means Darius here. As in [4:18](../04/18.md), the plural may be used to indicate the king and his officials, who would consider the matter openly in the royal court. EZR 5 5 y8gi תִיב֥וּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֖⁠א עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter **They** actually means Darius here. As in [4:18](../04/18.md), the plural may be used to indicate the king and his officials, who would consider the matter openly in the royal court.
EZR 5 6 jbg5 translate-names תַּתְּנַ֣י...וּ⁠שְׁתַ֤ר בּוֹזְנַי֙ 1 This is a copy of the letter These are the names of two men. See how you translated them in [5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 5 6 jbg5 translate-names תַּתְּנַ֣י…וּ⁠שְׁתַ֤ר בּוֹזְנַי֙ 1 This is a copy of the letter These are the names of two men. See how you translated them in [5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 6 uq1x וּ⁠כְנָ֣וָתֵ֔⁠הּ 1 the Province Beyond the River Alternate translation: “their associates” EZR 5 6 uq1x וּ⁠כְנָ֣וָתֵ֔⁠הּ 1 the Province Beyond the River Alternate translation: “their associates”
EZR 5 7 tqh1 figs-quotemarks לְ⁠דָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖⁠א שְׁלָמָ֥⁠א כֹֽלָּ⁠א 1 the Province Beyond the River Here, the book begins to quote the letter that Tattenai and his associates sent to King Darius. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 5 7 tqh1 figs-quotemarks לְ⁠דָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖⁠א שְׁלָמָ֥⁠א כֹֽלָּ⁠א 1 the Province Beyond the River Here, the book begins to quote the letter that Tattenai and his associates sent to King Darius. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 5 7 xf0z לְ⁠דָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [4:5](../04/05.md). EZR 5 7 xf0z לְ⁠דָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [4:5](../04/05.md).
@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ EZR 5 17 abm5 figs-activepassive יִ֠תְבַּקַּר 1 let a search be made
EZR 5 17 gidq figs-metaphor בְּ⁠בֵ֨ית גִּנְזַיָּ֜⁠א דִּי־מַלְכָּ֣⁠א 1 let a search be made [6:1](../06/01.md) explains more specifically that this was **the house of the books where the treasures had been deposited**, that is, the building where valuable documents such as royal chronicles were stored and kept safe. It is called a **house** [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]ically as if these documents **lived** there. Alternate translation: “in the building where the royal archives are kept” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 5 17 gidq figs-metaphor בְּ⁠בֵ֨ית גִּנְזַיָּ֜⁠א דִּי־מַלְכָּ֣⁠א 1 let a search be made [6:1](../06/01.md) explains more specifically that this was **the house of the books where the treasures had been deposited**, that is, the building where valuable documents such as royal chronicles were stored and kept safe. It is called a **house** [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]ically as if these documents **lived** there. Alternate translation: “in the building where the royal archives are kept” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 5 17 vii9 figs-activepassive הֵ֣ן אִיתַ֗י דִּֽי־מִן־כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם לְ⁠מִבְנֵ֛א בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א דֵ֖ךְ בִּ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “whether King Cyrus issued a decree to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 5 17 vii9 figs-activepassive הֵ֣ן אִיתַ֗י דִּֽי־מִן־כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם לְ⁠מִבְנֵ֛א בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א דֵ֖ךְ בִּ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “whether King Cyrus issued a decree to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 17 fzez figs-123person וּ⁠רְע֥וּת מַלְכָּ֛⁠א עַל־דְּנָ֖ה יִשְׁלַ֥ח עֲלֶֽי⁠נָא 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus Tattenai and his associates continue to address the king in third person as a form of respect. Here again you can indicate this respect by adding an expression such as **O king**. Alternate translation: “please tell us, O king, what you would like us to do about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 5 17 fzez figs-123person וּ⁠רְע֥וּת מַלְכָּ֛⁠א עַל־דְּנָ֖ה יִשְׁלַ֥ח עֲלֶֽי⁠נָא 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus Tattenai and his associates continue to address the king in third person as a form of respect. Here again you can indicate this respect by adding an expression such as **O king**. Alternate translation: “please tell us, O king, what you would like us to do about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 5 17 ieh1 figs-quotemarks וּ⁠רְע֥וּת מַלְכָּ֛⁠א עַל־דְּנָ֖ה...עֲלֶֽי⁠נָא 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus Here, the book ends its quotation of the letter that Tattenai and his associates sent to King Darius. If you decided in [5:7](../05/07.md) to mark their words as a quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 5 17 ieh1 figs-quotemarks וּ⁠רְע֥וּת מַלְכָּ֛⁠א עַל־דְּנָ֖ה…עֲלֶֽי⁠נָא 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus Here, the book ends its quotation of the letter that Tattenai and his associates sent to King Darius. If you decided in [5:7](../05/07.md) to mark their words as a quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 6 intro y5d8 0 # Ezra 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The completion of the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship occurs in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Temple taxes<br>The king said the Jews were right and ordered money from his taxes to be used to help them with their sacrifices.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Darius<br>In this chapter, Darius is called the king of Assyria. In reality, besides ruling over the former Assyrian Empire, Darius was also king of Persia. Persia had conquered Babylon, which had previously conquered Assyria. This made the king of Persia, the king of Assyria as well. It was unusual to refer to Darius as the king or ruler of Assyria. Ezra may have referred to him in this way to contrast Darius’ actions with those of the former rulers of Assyria, who had treated the Jews very cruelly. It was those earlier Assyrian rulers who had conquered the northern tribes of Israel and deported them to other lands. It was for this reasons that the northern tribes lost their identity and were no longer a distinct people group. EZR 6 intro y5d8 0 # Ezra 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The completion of the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship occurs in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Temple taxes<br>The king said the Jews were right and ordered money from his taxes to be used to help them with their sacrifices.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Darius<br>In this chapter, Darius is called the king of Assyria. In reality, besides ruling over the former Assyrian Empire, Darius was also king of Persia. Persia had conquered Babylon, which had previously conquered Assyria. This made the king of Persia, the king of Assyria as well. It was unusual to refer to Darius as the king or ruler of Assyria. Ezra may have referred to him in this way to contrast Darius’ actions with those of the former rulers of Assyria, who had treated the Jews very cruelly. It was those earlier Assyrian rulers who had conquered the northern tribes of Israel and deported them to other lands. It was for this reasons that the northern tribes lost their identity and were no longer a distinct people group.
EZR 6 1 cmmn grammar-connect-logic-result בֵּ⁠אדַ֛יִן 1 issued a command and a search was made This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentences described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 6 1 cmmn grammar-connect-logic-result בֵּ⁠אדַ֛יִן 1 issued a command and a search was made This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentences described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 6 1 spf8 figs-explicit דָּרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖⁠א שָׂ֣ם טְעֵ֑ם וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ׀ 1 issued a command and a search was made The implication is that King Darius ordered his officials to search in the royal archives to investigate the claims that the Jewish elders had made a response to the questions that Tattenai and his associates asked them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “King Darius commanded his officials to search in the royal archives to investigate whether King Cyrus had issued a decree to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 1 spf8 figs-explicit דָּרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖⁠א שָׂ֣ם טְעֵ֑ם וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ׀ 1 issued a command and a search was made The implication is that King Darius ordered his officials to search in the royal archives to investigate the claims that the Jewish elders had made a response to the questions that Tattenai and his associates asked them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “King Darius commanded his officials to search in the royal archives to investigate whether King Cyrus had issued a decree to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -563,13 +563,13 @@ EZR 6 1 ekf1 figs-activepassive בְּ⁠בֵ֣ית סִפְרַיָּ֗⁠א ד
EZR 6 1 p41w figs-idiom תַּמָּ֖ה בְּ⁠בָבֶֽל 1 in the archives where the treasures were stored This cannot mean that the search was limited to the archives in the city of Babylon, or even to the region of Babylon that had become a province in the Persian Empire, because a scroll describing the decree of Cyrus was finally found in the neighboring province of Media. Rather, **Babylon** must be a general description for the whole area that was the center of power for the Babylonian and Persian empires. Alternate translation: “there in that area” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 1 p41w figs-idiom תַּמָּ֖ה בְּ⁠בָבֶֽל 1 in the archives where the treasures were stored This cannot mean that the search was limited to the archives in the city of Babylon, or even to the region of Babylon that had become a province in the Persian Empire, because a scroll describing the decree of Cyrus was finally found in the neighboring province of Media. Rather, **Babylon** must be a general description for the whole area that was the center of power for the Babylonian and Persian empires. Alternate translation: “there in that area” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 2 1cxt grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח 1 a scroll was found This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 6 2 1cxt grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח 1 a scroll was found This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 6 2 gfa8 figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח…מְגִלָּ֣ה חֲדָ֑ה 1 a scroll was found If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “The officials found one scroll” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 2 gfa8 figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח…מְגִלָּ֣ה חֲדָ֑ה 1 a scroll was found If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “The officials found one scroll” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 2 f8w5 translate-names בְּ⁠אַחְמְתָ֗א...דִּ֛י בְּ⁠מָדַ֥י מְדִינְתָּ֖⁠ה 1 Ecbatana Ecbatana is the name of a city, and Media is the name of the province in which it was located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 6 2 f8w5 translate-names בְּ⁠אַחְמְתָ֗א…דִּ֛י בְּ⁠מָדַ֥י מְדִינְתָּ֖⁠ה 1 Ecbatana Ecbatana is the name of a city, and Media is the name of the province in which it was located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 3 i2dk figs-quotemarks בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֨ת חֲדָ֜ה לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֗⁠א 1 General Information: Here, the book begins to quote what the scroll said that the officials found in Ecbatana. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 6 3 i2dk figs-quotemarks בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֨ת חֲדָ֜ה לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֗⁠א 1 General Information: Here, the book begins to quote what the scroll said that the officials found in Ecbatana. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 6 3 ev3b translate-ordinal בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֨ת חֲדָ֜ה לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֗⁠א 1 In the first year of King Cyrus The Hebrew uses a cardinal number here, **one**, but there is not a significant difference in meaning between that and the way the Hebrew uses an ordinal number, **first**, in similar contexts elsewhere. If your language customarily uses ordinals for the numbers of years, you can do that here in your translation. Alternate translation: “in the first year of the reign of Cyrus as king of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) EZR 6 3 ev3b translate-ordinal בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֨ת חֲדָ֜ה לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֗⁠א 1 In the first year of King Cyrus The Hebrew uses a cardinal number here, **one**, but there is not a significant difference in meaning between that and the way the Hebrew uses an ordinal number, **first**, in similar contexts elsewhere. If your language customarily uses ordinals for the numbers of years, you can do that here in your translation. Alternate translation: “in the first year of the reign of Cyrus as king of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 6 3 lyht translate-names לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ 1 In the first year of King Cyrus This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 6 3 lyht translate-names לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ 1 In the first year of King Cyrus This is the name of a man. See how you translated it in [1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 3 gi3x figs-quotemarks בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א 1 Let the house be rebuilt Starting here, and through [6:5](../06/05.md), there is a quotation within a quotation. The book is quoting from the scroll that the officials found in Ecbatana, and within that scroll, the royal chronicles quote the decree of Cyrus. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 6 3 gi3x figs-quotemarks בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א 1 Let the house be rebuilt Starting here, and through [6:5](../06/05.md), there is a quotation within a quotation. The book is quoting from the scroll that the officials found in Ecbatana, and within that scroll, the royal chronicles quote the decree of Cyrus. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 6 3 uzdu figs-parallelism בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א...וְ⁠אֻשּׁ֖וֹ⁠הִי מְסֽוֹבְלִ֑ין 1 Let the house be rebuilt **Build** and **raise up** mean similar things. They are a poetic parallel, as in Isaiah 58:12, “Your ancient ruins will be built; you will raise up the foundations of many generations.” Cyrus says basically the same thing twice for emphasis and clarity. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to raise up a new temple.” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase is more specific, in that it implicitly indicates that the new temple is to be built on the site of the former one. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to rebuild the temple … on the site of the former temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 6 3 uzdu figs-parallelism בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א…וְ⁠אֻשּׁ֖וֹ⁠הִי מְסֽוֹבְלִ֑ין 1 Let the house be rebuilt **Build** and **raise up** mean similar things. They are a poetic parallel, as in Isaiah 58:12, “Your ancient ruins will be built; you will raise up the foundations of many generations.” Cyrus says basically the same thing twice for emphasis and clarity. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to raise up a new temple.” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase is more specific, in that it implicitly indicates that the new temple is to be built on the site of the former one. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to rebuild the temple…on the site of the former temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 6 3 4uej figs-activepassive בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א...וְ⁠אֻשּׁ֖וֹ⁠הִי מְסֽוֹבְלִ֑ין 1 Let the house be rebuilt If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to rebuild the temple … on the site of the former temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 3 4uej figs-activepassive בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א…וְ⁠אֻשּׁ֖וֹ⁠הִי מְסֽוֹבְלִ֑ין 1 Let the house be rebuilt If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to rebuild the temple…on the site of the former temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 3 311q figs-metaphor בַּיְתָ֣⁠א 1 Let the house be rebuilt Alternate translation: “the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 3 311q figs-metaphor בַּיְתָ֣⁠א 1 Let the house be rebuilt Alternate translation: “the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 3 ts4a translate-bdistance רוּמֵ⁠הּ֙ אַמִּ֣ין שִׁתִּ֔ין פְּתָיֵ֖⁠הּ אַמִּ֥ין שִׁתִּֽין 1 sixty cubits If it would be clearer in your language, you can convert these measures into modern units. Alternate translation: “The temple is to be 90 feet high and 90 feet wide” or “The temple is to be 27 meters high and 27 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) EZR 6 3 ts4a translate-bdistance רוּמֵ⁠הּ֙ אַמִּ֣ין שִׁתִּ֔ין פְּתָיֵ֖⁠הּ אַמִּ֥ין שִׁתִּֽין 1 sixty cubits If it would be clearer in your language, you can convert these measures into modern units. Alternate translation: “The temple is to be 90 feet high and 90 feet wide” or “The temple is to be 27 meters high and 27 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZR 6 4 q3hv figs-explicit נִדְבָּכִ֞ין דִּי־אֶ֤בֶן גְּלָל֙ תְּלָתָ֔א וְ⁠נִדְבָּ֖ךְ דִּי־אָ֣ע חֲדַ֑ת 1 with three rows of large stones and a row of new timber It is no longer clear exactly what these building instructions mean. They could mean that the walls of the temple should be three layers of stone thick, with a facing of wood on the inside. They could also mean that the walls should be built with one layer of wood on top of every three layers of stone, or that the temple was to have four stories, the lower three of stone and the top one of wood. Whatever the specifics, the implication is that the temple is to be rebuilt in the same way that Solomon originally built it, since 1 Kings 6:36 says that he built its inner court, at least, “with three courses of hewn stone, and a course of cedar beams.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to build this new temple out of wood and stone, just like the original one.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 4 q3hv figs-explicit נִדְבָּכִ֞ין דִּי־אֶ֤בֶן גְּלָל֙ תְּלָתָ֔א וְ⁠נִדְבָּ֖ךְ דִּי־אָ֣ע חֲדַ֑ת 1 with three rows of large stones and a row of new timber It is no longer clear exactly what these building instructions mean. They could mean that the walls of the temple should be three layers of stone thick, with a facing of wood on the inside. They could also mean that the walls should be built with one layer of wood on top of every three layers of stone, or that the temple was to have four stories, the lower three of stone and the top one of wood. Whatever the specifics, the implication is that the temple is to be rebuilt in the same way that Solomon originally built it, since 1 Kings 6:36 says that he built its inner court, at least, “with three courses of hewn stone, and a course of cedar beams.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I authorize the Jews to build this new temple out of wood and stone, just like the original one.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ EZR 6 4 tny3 figs-metaphor וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית
EZR 6 4 1h2n figs-activepassive וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית מַלְכָּ֖⁠א תִּתְיְהִֽב 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who will do the action. Alternate translation: “I will pay the expenses from the royal revenue.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 4 1h2n figs-activepassive וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית מַלְכָּ֖⁠א תִּתְיְהִֽב 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who will do the action. Alternate translation: “I will pay the expenses from the royal revenue.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 4 wjxj figs-123person וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית מַלְכָּ֖⁠א תִּתְיְהִֽב 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house Cyrus speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “I will pay the expenses from the royal revenue.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 6 4 wjxj figs-123person וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית מַלְכָּ֖⁠א תִּתְיְהִֽב 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house Cyrus speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “I will pay the expenses from the royal revenue.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 6 5 ujut מָאנֵ֣י בֵית־אֱלָהָ⁠א֮ דִּ֣י דַהֲבָ֣⁠ה וְ⁠כַסְפָּ⁠א֒ דִּ֣י נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר הַנְפֵּ֛ק מִן־הֵיכְלָ֥⁠א דִי־בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֖ם וְ⁠הֵיבֵ֣ל לְ⁠בָבֶ֑ל יַהֲתִיב֗וּן 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house See how you translated the very similar sentence in [5:14](../05/14.md). If it would be clearer in your language, you could also break this sentence up in to three sentences. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar took the gold and silver objects that were used in worship out of the temple in Jerusalem. He brought them to Babylon. Return these objects to the Jews” EZR 6 5 ujut מָאנֵ֣י בֵית־אֱלָהָ⁠א֮ דִּ֣י דַהֲבָ֣⁠ה וְ⁠כַסְפָּ⁠א֒ דִּ֣י נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר הַנְפֵּ֛ק מִן־הֵיכְלָ֥⁠א דִי־בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֖ם וְ⁠הֵיבֵ֣ל לְ⁠בָבֶ֑ל יַהֲתִיב֗וּן 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house See how you translated the very similar sentence in [5:14](../05/14.md). If it would be clearer in your language, you could also break this sentence up in to three sentences. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar took the gold and silver objects that were used in worship out of the temple in Jerusalem. He brought them to Babylon. Return these objects to the Jews”
EZR 6 5 5lhj figs-activepassive מָאנֵ֣י...יַהֲתִיב֗וּן 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, as an imperative. Alternate translation: “Return these objects to the Jews.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 5 5lhj figs-activepassive מָאנֵ֣י…יַהֲתִיב֗וּן 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, as an imperative. Alternate translation: “Return these objects to the Jews.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 5 bwim translate-unknown מָאנֵ֣י בֵית־אֱלָהָ⁠א֮ 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house This means specifically the bowls, basins, and other objects listed in [1:9–10](../01/09.md). These were used during worship in the temple. Alternate translation: “the objects that were used in worship in the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 6 5 bwim translate-unknown מָאנֵ֣י בֵית־אֱלָהָ⁠א֮ 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house This means specifically the bowls, basins, and other objects listed in [1:9–10](../01/09.md). These were used during worship in the temple. Alternate translation: “the objects that were used in worship in the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 6 5 0l8e figs-parallelism וִ֠⁠יהָךְ לְ⁠הֵיכְלָ֤⁠א דִי־בִ⁠ירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙ לְ⁠אַתְרֵ֔⁠הּ וְ⁠תַחֵ֖ת בְּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָֽ⁠א 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house These two phrases mean similar things. Cyrus is saying basically the same thing twice to emphasize how important it is for his officials to carry out this command. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “Make sure that you put each one of these objects back in the temple, right where it belongs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 6 5 0l8e figs-parallelism וִ֠⁠יהָךְ לְ⁠הֵיכְלָ֤⁠א דִי־בִ⁠ירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙ לְ⁠אַתְרֵ֔⁠הּ וְ⁠תַחֵ֖ת בְּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָֽ⁠א 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house These two phrases mean similar things. Cyrus is saying basically the same thing twice to emphasize how important it is for his officials to carry out this command. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “Make sure that you put each one of these objects back in the temple, right where it belongs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 6 5 vo0d figs-quotemarks וְ⁠תַחֵ֖ת בְּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָֽ⁠א 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house Here, the scroll ends its quotation from the decree of Cyrus. If you decided in the middle of [6:3](../06/03.md) to mark these words as a quotation within a quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 6 5 vo0d figs-quotemarks וְ⁠תַחֵ֖ת בְּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָֽ⁠א 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house Here, the scroll ends its quotation from the decree of Cyrus. If you decided in the middle of [6:3](../06/03.md) to mark these words as a quotation within a quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing secondary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ EZR 6 11 em18 figs-activepassive וּ⁠מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ
EZR 6 11 zdzd figs-idiom כָל־אֱנָ֗שׁ דִּ֤י יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ פִּתְגָמָ֣⁠א דְנָ֔ה 1 General Information: **Change** could mean giving different instructions from what the king had commanded, but it could also mean doing something other than what his decree commands. [6:12](../06/12.md) suggests that changing could mean destroying the temple rather than ensuring that it was rebuilt and maintained. Alternate translation: “If anyone disobeys this edict” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 11 zdzd figs-idiom כָל־אֱנָ֗שׁ דִּ֤י יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ פִּתְגָמָ֣⁠א דְנָ֔ה 1 General Information: **Change** could mean giving different instructions from what the king had commanded, but it could also mean doing something other than what his decree commands. [6:12](../06/12.md) suggests that changing could mean destroying the temple rather than ensuring that it was rebuilt and maintained. Alternate translation: “If anyone disobeys this edict” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 11 uqt8 figs-explicit יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔⁠הּ וּ⁠זְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑⁠הִי 1 a beam must be pulled from his house and he must be impaled on it. His house must then be turned into a rubbish heap This is an implicit reference to one form of capital punishment that the Persians used. Darius assumes that the officials know what he means. Anyone who violates his order is to be lifted up and impaled on a beam of wood from his own house. That is, one end of the beam is to be sharpened so that it will pass through the body of the offender, and he is to be suspended in the air on the beam. Alternate translation: “pull a beam out of his house, sharpen one end, and lift him up and impale him on it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 11 uqt8 figs-explicit יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔⁠הּ וּ⁠זְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑⁠הִי 1 a beam must be pulled from his house and he must be impaled on it. His house must then be turned into a rubbish heap This is an implicit reference to one form of capital punishment that the Persians used. Darius assumes that the officials know what he means. Anyone who violates his order is to be lifted up and impaled on a beam of wood from his own house. That is, one end of the beam is to be sharpened so that it will pass through the body of the offender, and he is to be suspended in the air on the beam. Alternate translation: “pull a beam out of his house, sharpen one end, and lift him up and impale him on it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 11 w334 figs-metaphor וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֛⁠הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a beam The expression **rubbish heap** means figuratively that the house would be so thoroughly destroyed that it would look like a garbage dump. The former site of the house would not necessarily be used as an actual dump. Alternate translation: “And as a further punishment for violating my order, I command you to demolish his house.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 11 w334 figs-metaphor וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֛⁠הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a beam The expression **rubbish heap** means figuratively that the house would be so thoroughly destroyed that it would look like a garbage dump. The former site of the house would not necessarily be used as an actual dump. Alternate translation: “And as a further punishment for violating my order, I command you to demolish his house.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 11 i9yf figs-activepassive יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔⁠הּ...וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֛⁠הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד 1 impaled If it would be clearer in your language, you could say both of these things with active forms, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “pull a beam out of his house … demolish his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 11 i9yf figs-activepassive יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔⁠הּ…וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֛⁠הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד 1 impaled If it would be clearer in your language, you could say both of these things with active forms, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “pull a beam out of his house…demolish his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 12 eirc figs-personification וֵֽ⁠אלָהָ֞⁠א דִּ֣י שַׁכִּ֧ן שְׁמֵ֣⁠הּ תַּמָּ֗ה יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy Darius speaks of God’s name here as if it were capable of living in a place. The phrase echoes Jewish usage, which Darius may be following deliberately to show his respect for the God whose temple he wants to be rebuilt. The phrase indicates that Jerusalem is the place from which God chose to start making himself known throughout the world. Alternate translation: “may the God who began to make himself known from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) EZR 6 12 eirc figs-personification וֵֽ⁠אלָהָ֞⁠א דִּ֣י שַׁכִּ֧ן שְׁמֵ֣⁠הּ תַּמָּ֗ה יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy Darius speaks of God’s name here as if it were capable of living in a place. The phrase echoes Jewish usage, which Darius may be following deliberately to show his respect for the God whose temple he wants to be rebuilt. The phrase indicates that Jerusalem is the place from which God chose to start making himself known throughout the world. Alternate translation: “may the God who began to make himself known from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
EZR 6 12 2ajr figs-metonymy וֵֽ⁠אלָהָ֞⁠א דִּ֣י שַׁכִּ֧ן שְׁמֵ֣⁠הּ תַּמָּ֗ה יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy Here, **name** is a figurative way of referring to the fame or reputation of a person. Their fame is described by something associated with it, how well known their name is and how people react to hearing it. Alternate translation: “may the God who began to make himself known from Jerusalem” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 6 12 2ajr figs-metonymy וֵֽ⁠אלָהָ֞⁠א דִּ֣י שַׁכִּ֧ן שְׁמֵ֣⁠הּ תַּמָּ֗ה יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy Here, **name** is a figurative way of referring to the fame or reputation of a person. Their fame is described by something associated with it, how well known their name is and how people react to hearing it. Alternate translation: “may the God who began to make himself known from Jerusalem” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 6 12 jqt7 figs-idiom יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy This is an idiom that means **destroy**. Alternate translation: “destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 12 jqt7 figs-idiom יְמַגַּ֞ר 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy This is an idiom that means **destroy**. Alternate translation: “destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ EZR 6 14 s1jd figs-hendiadys וּ⁠בְנ֣וֹ וְ⁠שַׁכְלִ֗לוּ 1
EZR 6 14 777p figs-explicit וּ⁠בְנ֣וֹ וְ⁠שַׁכְלִ֗לוּ 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai The implication is that what the Jewish leaders were **building and completing**, that is, constructing, was the temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “They were able to construct the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 14 777p figs-explicit וּ⁠בְנ֣וֹ וְ⁠שַׁכְלִ֗לוּ 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai The implication is that what the Jewish leaders were **building and completing**, that is, constructing, was the temple. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “They were able to construct the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 14 mgzk figs-metaphor מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book speaks figuratively of the messages that God had sent through the prophets Haggai and Zechariah as a **decree** or **command** that God had issued to the Jewish leaders to rebuild the temple, like the ones that the Persian kings had issued. If it would be clearer in your language, you could describe these messages in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “just as the God of Israel had commanded them to do through the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 14 mgzk figs-metaphor מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book speaks figuratively of the messages that God had sent through the prophets Haggai and Zechariah as a **decree** or **command** that God had issued to the Jewish leaders to rebuild the temple, like the ones that the Persian kings had issued. If it would be clearer in your language, you could describe these messages in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “just as the God of Israel had commanded them to do through the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 14 j4jr figs-explicit וּ⁠מִ⁠טְּעֵם֙ כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מֶ֥לֶךְ פָּרָֽס 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book assumes some knowledge on the part of readers, because by this point in time, only King Cyrus [(1:2–4)](../01/02.md) and King Darius [(6:6–12)](../06/06.md) had issued decrees for the Jerusalem temple to be rebuilt. Artaxerxes was the grandson of Darius, and he would not become king for another 50 years. Moreover, while the book anticipated the reign of Artaxerxes in [4:7–23](../04/07.md), there it recounted how he ordered the temple rebuilding to stop. But the book is assuming that readers will know that Artaxerxes eventually did reverse himself and issue a decree for the maintenance of the Jerusalem temple. The book describes this in [7:12–26](../07/12.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and just as King Cyrus and King Darius of Persia had decreed they should do. King Artaxerxes of Persia later decreed that they should maintain the temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 14 j4jr figs-explicit וּ⁠מִ⁠טְּעֵם֙ כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מֶ֥לֶךְ פָּרָֽס 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book assumes some knowledge on the part of readers, because by this point in time, only King Cyrus [(1:2–4)](../01/02.md) and King Darius [(6:6–12)](../06/06.md) had issued decrees for the Jerusalem temple to be rebuilt. Artaxerxes was the grandson of Darius, and he would not become king for another 50 years. Moreover, while the book anticipated the reign of Artaxerxes in [4:7–23](../04/07.md), there it recounted how he ordered the temple rebuilding to stop. But the book is assuming that readers will know that Artaxerxes eventually did reverse himself and issue a decree for the maintenance of the Jerusalem temple. The book describes this in [7:12–26](../07/12.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and just as King Cyrus and King Darius of Persia had decreed they should do. King Artaxerxes of Persia later decreed that they should maintain the temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 14 683b figs-informremind כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מֶ֥לֶךְ פָּרָֽס 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book repeats some background information to remind readers who these men were. The phrase **the king of Persia** applies to each of them. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus and King Darius of Persia … King Artaxerxes of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 6 14 683b figs-informremind כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מֶ֥לֶךְ פָּרָֽס 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Here, the book repeats some background information to remind readers who these men were. The phrase **the king of Persia** applies to each of them. Alternate translation: “King Cyrus and King Darius of Persia…King Artaxerxes of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 6 14 8wlf translate-names כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai These are the names of mean. See how you translated them in [1:1](../01/01.md), [4:5](../04/05.md), and [4:7](../04/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 6 14 8wlf translate-names כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ וְ⁠דָרְיָ֔וֶשׁ וְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai These are the names of mean. See how you translated them in [1:1](../01/01.md), [4:5](../04/05.md), and [4:7](../04/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 15 zqs3 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠שֵׁיצִיא֙ 1 This house was completed This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “As a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 6 15 zqs3 grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠שֵׁיצִיא֙ 1 This house was completed This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation: “As a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 6 15 q4v5 figs-activepassive וְ⁠שֵׁיצִיא֙ בַּיְתָ֣⁠ה דְנָ֔ה 1 This house was completed If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “the Jewish leaders were able to finish rebuilding the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 6 15 q4v5 figs-activepassive וְ⁠שֵׁיצִיא֙ בַּיְתָ֣⁠ה דְנָ֔ה 1 This house was completed If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “the Jewish leaders were able to finish rebuilding the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -644,13 +644,13 @@ EZR 6 15 bhp9 translate-ordinal שְׁנַת־שֵׁ֔ת לְ⁠מַלְכ֖וּ
EZR 6 16 xnpw grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠עֲבַ֣דוּ 1 the rest of the children of the exile This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the events it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **then**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 6 16 xnpw grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠עֲבַ֣דוּ 1 the rest of the children of the exile This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the events it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **then**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 6 16 ajjz figs-metaphor בְנֵֽי־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל 1 the rest of the children of the exile **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Here the book envisions all of the Israelites as descendants of the patriarch Jacob, who was also known as Israel. The expression comprises the three groups that are listed next, the priests, Levites, and other Jews. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 16 ajjz figs-metaphor בְנֵֽי־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל 1 the rest of the children of the exile **Sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Here the book envisions all of the Israelites as descendants of the patriarch Jacob, who was also known as Israel. The expression comprises the three groups that are listed next, the priests, Levites, and other Jews. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 16 cq1q figs-idiom וּ⁠שְׁאָ֣ר בְּנֵי־גָלוּתָ֗⁠א 1 the rest of the children of the exile As indicated in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [8:35](../08/35.md), the phrase **the sons of the exile** refers specifically to the group of Jewish people who returned to the land of Judah from Babylon after King Nebuchadnezzar had conquered Jerusalem and has taken many Jews as captives to Babylon. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile” or “the Jews who had returned to their homeland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 16 cq1q figs-idiom וּ⁠שְׁאָ֣ר בְּנֵי־גָלוּתָ֗⁠א 1 the rest of the children of the exile As indicated in [2:1](../02/01.md) and [8:35](../08/35.md), the phrase **the sons of the exile** refers specifically to the group of Jewish people who returned to the land of Judah from Babylon after King Nebuchadnezzar had conquered Jerusalem and has taken many Jews as captives to Babylon. Alternate translation: “the Jews who had returned from exile” or “the Jews who had returned to their homeland” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 16 z1u1 figs-abstractnouns וַ⁠עֲבַ֣דוּ...חֲנֻכַּ֛ת בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א דְנָ֖ה בְּ⁠חֶדְוָֽה 1 the rest of the children of the exile The abstract noun **dedication** refers to the way the Israelites conducted a special ceremony to set the temple apart as a place for the worship of Yahweh. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as **dedicate**. Alternate translation: “joyfully dedicated this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br> EZR 6 16 z1u1 figs-abstractnouns וַ⁠עֲבַ֣דוּ…חֲנֻכַּ֛ת בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א דְנָ֖ה בְּ⁠חֶדְוָֽה 1 the rest of the children of the exile The abstract noun **dedication** refers to the way the Israelites conducted a special ceremony to set the temple apart as a place for the worship of Yahweh. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as **dedicate**. Alternate translation: “joyfully dedicated this temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br>
EZR 6 17 iel9 figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠הַקְרִ֗בוּ לַ⁠חֲנֻכַּת֮ בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֣⁠א דְנָה֒ 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs As in the previous sentence, the abstract noun **dedication** refers to the way the Israelites conducted a special ceremony. Once again you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as **dedicate**. Alternate translation: “As they dedicated this temple, they offered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) EZR 6 17 iel9 figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠הַקְרִ֗בוּ לַ⁠חֲנֻכַּת֮ בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֣⁠א דְנָה֒ 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs As in the previous sentence, the abstract noun **dedication** refers to the way the Israelites conducted a special ceremony. Once again you could translate the idea behind this word with a verb such as **dedicate**. Alternate translation: “As they dedicated this temple, they offered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 6 17 r49v figs-explicit וְ⁠הַקְרִ֗בוּ...תּוֹרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה דִּכְרִ֣ין מָאתַ֔יִן אִמְּרִ֖ין אַרְבַּ֣ע מְאָ֑ה וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין ל⁠חטיא...תְּרֵֽי־עֲשַׂ֔ר 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs The implication, as [6:9](../06/09.md) indicates explicitly, is that the bulls, rams, and lambs were used for whole burnt offerings. If it would be helpful, review the note to [3:2](../03/02.md) about what whole burnt offerings were and why they were offered. Alternate translation: “they offered 100 bulls, 200 rams, and 400 lambs as whole burnt offerings and 12 male goats as a sin offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 17 r49v figs-explicit וְ⁠הַקְרִ֗בוּ…תּוֹרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה דִּכְרִ֣ין מָאתַ֔יִן אִמְּרִ֖ין אַרְבַּ֣ע מְאָ֑ה וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין ל⁠חטיא…תְּרֵֽי־עֲשַׂ֔ר 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs The implication, as [6:9](../06/09.md) indicates explicitly, is that the bulls, rams, and lambs were used for whole burnt offerings. If it would be helpful, review the note to [3:2](../03/02.md) about what whole burnt offerings were and why they were offered. Alternate translation: “they offered 100 bulls, 200 rams, and 400 lambs as whole burnt offerings and 12 male goats as a sin offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 17 j5b6 figs-idiom וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs A male goat is called a buck. So this expression, **male goats of goats**, means the same thing as **male goats** in [8:35](../08/35.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 17 j5b6 figs-idiom וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs A male goat is called a buck. So this expression, **male goats of goats**, means the same thing as **male goats** in [8:35](../08/35.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 17 quwd figs-explicit וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין...תְּרֵֽי־עֲשַׂ֔ר לְ⁠מִנְיָ֖ן שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs The book assumes that readers will know that there were twelve tribes in Israel, so the twelve goats could symbolically represent the entire nation. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “12 male goats …, one for each of the 12 tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 17 quwd figs-explicit וּ⁠צְפִירֵ֨י עִזִּ֜ין…תְּרֵֽי־עֲשַׂ֔ר לְ⁠מִנְיָ֖ן שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs The book assumes that readers will know that there were twelve tribes in Israel, so the twelve goats could symbolically represent the entire nation. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “12 male goats …, one for each of the 12 tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 18 r0gx grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠הֲקִ֨ימוּ 1 to their divisions This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the event it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **then**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 6 18 r0gx grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠הֲקִ֨ימוּ 1 to their divisions This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the event it has just described. If it would be clearer in your language, you could show this relationship by using a word such as **then**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 6 18 zkjf figs-metaphor וַ⁠הֲקִ֨ימוּ כָהֲנַיָּ֜⁠א...וְ⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א֙ 1 to their divisions Here, **stand** is a figurative way of saying that a person has assumed the duties of their office. So to cause someone to stand is to appoint them to those duties and install them in that office. Alternate translation: “they appointed the priests and Levites to serve in the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 18 zkjf figs-metaphor וַ⁠הֲקִ֨ימוּ כָהֲנַיָּ֜⁠א…וְ⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א֙ 1 to their divisions Here, **stand** is a figurative way of saying that a person has assumed the duties of their office. So to cause someone to stand is to appoint them to those duties and install them in that office. Alternate translation: “they appointed the priests and Levites to serve in the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 18 iix1 figs-explicit כָהֲנַיָּ֜⁠א בִּ⁠פְלֻגָּתְ⁠ה֗וֹן וְ⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א֙ בְּ⁠מַחְלְקָ֣תְ⁠ה֔וֹן 1 to their divisions The book assumes that readers will know that these **divisions** and **sections** were groups of priests and Levites, respectively, that served in the temple for a week at a time. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “in groups for a week at a time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 18 iix1 figs-explicit כָהֲנַיָּ֜⁠א בִּ⁠פְלֻגָּתְ⁠ה֗וֹן וְ⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א֙ בְּ⁠מַחְלְקָ֣תְ⁠ה֔וֹן 1 to their divisions The book assumes that readers will know that these **divisions** and **sections** were groups of priests and Levites, respectively, that served in the temple for a week at a time. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “in groups for a week at a time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 18 ba06 figs-metaphor עַל־עֲבִידַ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠א דִּ֣י בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 to their divisions Here, the book describes God in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as if he lived in the city of Jerusalem. This is a figurative reference to the way God’s presence was in the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to lead the worship of God in the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 18 ba06 figs-metaphor עַל־עֲבִידַ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠א דִּ֣י בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם 1 to their divisions Here, the book describes God in a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] as if he lived in the city of Jerusalem. This is a figurative reference to the way God’s presence was in the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to lead the worship of God in the temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 18 vt19 כִּ⁠כְתָ֖ב סְפַ֥ר מֹשֶֽׁה 1 to their divisions Alternate translation: “as it is written in the book of Moses” or “as God commanded in the Law of Moses” EZR 6 18 vt19 כִּ⁠כְתָ֖ב סְפַ֥ר מֹשֶֽׁה 1 to their divisions Alternate translation: “as it is written in the book of Moses” or “as God commanded in the Law of Moses”
@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ EZR 6 19 j6lm translate-hebrewmonths בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ
EZR 6 19 352r figs-explicit בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשֽׁוֹן 1 fourteenth day of the first month This means the first month of the following year. Since Adar is the last month in the Jewish calendar, this was only a few weeks after the temple was finished. The implication is that the Jewish leaders had been able to complete that work and install the priests and Levites in time to celebrate this festival. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “only a few weeks later, on the fourteenth day of the first month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 19 352r figs-explicit בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשֽׁוֹן 1 fourteenth day of the first month This means the first month of the following year. Since Adar is the last month in the Jewish calendar, this was only a few weeks after the temple was finished. The implication is that the Jewish leaders had been able to complete that work and install the priests and Levites in time to celebrate this festival. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “only a few weeks later, on the fourteenth day of the first month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 20 ibwf grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י 1 purified themselves This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the reason why the action described in the previous sentence was possible. Alternate translation: “They were able to do this because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 6 20 ibwf grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י 1 purified themselves This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the reason why the action described in the previous sentence was possible. Alternate translation: “They were able to do this because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 6 20 ahmg figs-idiom הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֧ים וְ⁠הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֛ם כְּ⁠אֶחָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֣⁠ם טְהוֹרִ֑ים 1 purified themselves As in [3:9](../03/09.md), **as one** is an idiom that means that these priests and Levites all behaved as if they were a single person, that is, they all did the same thing. Alternate translation: “every single one of the priests and Levites had purified himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 20 ahmg figs-idiom הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֧ים וְ⁠הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֛ם כְּ⁠אֶחָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֣⁠ם טְהוֹרִ֑ים 1 purified themselves As in [3:9](../03/09.md), **as one** is an idiom that means that these priests and Levites all behaved as if they were a single person, that is, they all did the same thing. Alternate translation: “every single one of the priests and Levites had purified himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 20 rjm2 figs-parallelism הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ...כְּ⁠אֶחָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֣⁠ם טְהוֹרִ֑ים 1 purified themselves These two phrases mean the same thing. The book uses the repetition for emphasis and clarity. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “every single one … had purified himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br> EZR 6 20 rjm2 figs-parallelism הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ…כְּ⁠אֶחָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֣⁠ם טְהוֹרִ֑ים 1 purified themselves These two phrases mean the same thing. The book uses the repetition for emphasis and clarity. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “every single one…had purified himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br>
EZR 6 20 j34t figs-metaphor הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ 1 purified themselves Being pure figuratively represents being acceptable to God. Alternate translation: “performed a ceremony to show that they wanted to be acceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 20 j34t figs-metaphor הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ 1 purified themselves Being pure figuratively represents being acceptable to God. Alternate translation: “performed a ceremony to show that they wanted to be acceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 20 ryyj figs-explicit וַ⁠יִּשְׁחֲט֤וּ הַ⁠פֶּ֨סַח֙ 1 purified themselves The book assumes that readers will know that the Passover celebration included a special meal of lamb. The Israelites had slaughtered lambs to eat on the night before they left Egypt, and they had put the blood of the lambs on their doorframes so that God would **pass over** their houses and everyone inside would be safe. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “they slaughtered lambs for the special Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 6 20 ryyj figs-explicit וַ⁠יִּשְׁחֲט֤וּ הַ⁠פֶּ֨סַח֙ 1 purified themselves The book assumes that readers will know that the Passover celebration included a special meal of lamb. The Israelites had slaughtered lambs to eat on the night before they left Egypt, and they had put the blood of the lambs on their doorframes so that God would **pass over** their houses and everyone inside would be safe. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “they slaughtered lambs for the special Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 20 cgbl translate-names הַ⁠פֶּ֨סַח֙ 1 purified themselves See how you translated the name of this festival in [6:19](../06/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 6 20 cgbl translate-names הַ⁠פֶּ֨סַח֙ 1 purified themselves See how you translated the name of this festival in [6:19](../06/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ EZR 6 21 dpio figs-metaphor וַ⁠יֹּאכְל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשׂ
EZR 6 21 zqei figs-ellipsis וַ⁠יֹּאכְל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here, the book leaves out some of the words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. Alternate translation: “the Israelites ate the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) EZR 6 21 zqei figs-ellipsis וַ⁠יֹּאכְל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here, the book leaves out some of the words that a sentence would ordinarily need in order to be complete. Alternate translation: “the Israelites ate the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZR 6 21 n0yo figs-explicit וְ⁠כֹ֗ל הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֑ם לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land This could mean one of several things. (1) It could be referring to people from other nations who had converted and become Jews. Alternate translation: “and anyone from another nation who had abandoned their former practices and become a Jew and would now worship and obey Yahweh” (2) It could be referring to Israelites who had not been taken into exile, but who had adopted the customs and practices of the other people groups that had come to live in the former Jewish homeland. Alternate translation: “as well as Israelites who had not gone into exile, who had adopted foreign practices, but who would now join the returned exiles in worshipping and obeying Yahweh” (3) It might not be a reference to a distinct group, but rather a description of something additional that was true of the people in the first group who celebrated the Passover. This is the interpretation that UST follows. Alternate translation: “that is, all those returned exiles who resolved to reject foreign practices and worship and obey Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]].) EZR 6 21 n0yo figs-explicit וְ⁠כֹ֗ל הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֑ם לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land This could mean one of several things. (1) It could be referring to people from other nations who had converted and become Jews. Alternate translation: “and anyone from another nation who had abandoned their former practices and become a Jew and would now worship and obey Yahweh” (2) It could be referring to Israelites who had not been taken into exile, but who had adopted the customs and practices of the other people groups that had come to live in the former Jewish homeland. Alternate translation: “as well as Israelites who had not gone into exile, who had adopted foreign practices, but who would now join the returned exiles in worshipping and obeying Yahweh” (3) It might not be a reference to a distinct group, but rather a description of something additional that was true of the people in the first group who celebrated the Passover. This is the interpretation that UST follows. Alternate translation: “that is, all those returned exiles who resolved to reject foreign practices and worship and obey Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]].)
EZR 6 21 p72z figs-metaphor וְ⁠כֹ֗ל הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land Separating from uncleanness represents refusing to do things that make people unclean. Alternate translation: “everyone who refused to do the things that the other people groups living in the land did that made them unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 21 p72z figs-metaphor וְ⁠כֹ֗ל הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land Separating from uncleanness represents refusing to do things that make people unclean. Alternate translation: “everyone who refused to do the things that the other people groups living in the land did that made them unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 alu2 figs-metaphor מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here, **uncleanness** figuratively represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “the things that … made them unacceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 21 alu2 figs-metaphor מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here, **uncleanness** figuratively represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “the things that…made them unacceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 slp3 figs-idiom גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Like **the people of the land** in [4:4](../04/04.md), this expression refers to the non-Israelite people groups who were living in this area. (Review the note at [4:4](../04/04.md) if that would be helpful.) Alternate translation: “the foreign people groups living nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 6 21 slp3 figs-idiom גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Like **the people of the land** in [4:4](../04/04.md), this expression refers to the non-Israelite people groups who were living in this area. (Review the note at [4:4](../04/04.md) if that would be helpful.) Alternate translation: “the foreign people groups living nearby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 6 21 tyz7 figs-metaphor אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֑ם לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 to seek Yahweh To **seek** Yahweh figuratively means choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “to worship and obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 6 21 tyz7 figs-metaphor אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֑ם לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 to seek Yahweh To **seek** Yahweh figuratively means choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “to worship and obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 mamh figs-informremind אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 to seek Yahweh As in [4:1](../04/01.md), this phrase provides further background information about who Yahweh is. In context, it helps distinguish Yahweh from the gods of the **nations of the land**. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 6 21 mamh figs-informremind אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 to seek Yahweh As in [4:1](../04/01.md), this phrase provides further background information about who Yahweh is. In context, it helps distinguish Yahweh from the gods of the **nations of the land**. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God whom the people of Israel worshipped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
@ -688,15 +688,15 @@ EZR 7 1 2ol2 translate-names אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֣סְתְּא 1 General In
EZR 7 1 uerz figs-explicit עֶזְרָא֙ 1 General Information: In Ezra’s genealogy in [7:1–6](../07/01.md), the book compresses about 30 generations, from Ezra back to Aaron, into a list of 16 ancestors. There is a symbolic significance behind the number of names chosen for the list, as this note will explain shortly. Moreover, three men on the list are included specifically because they had significant roles in the history of the worship of the Israelite community. Aaron [(7:5)](../07/05.md) was the first high priest under the Law of Moses and the first to serve in the tabernacle. Azariah [(7:3)](../07/03.md) was the first high priest to serve in the temple that Solomon built, which this book describes in [5:11](../05/11.md). Seraiah [(7:1)](../07/01.md) was the last high priest to serve in that temple. Unfortunately, the Babylonians executed him when they conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the temple. The rest of the names in the list are selected so that there will be seven generations between Aaron and Azariah, and seven generations between Azariah and Ezra, with Seraiah listed as the last generation before Ezra, even though he was Ezra’s great-grandfather. In the Bible, the number seven symbolically represents completeness. So this genealogy does not merely provide a partial list of the names of Ezra’s ancestors. Rather, it depicts his coming to Jerusalem as another definitive moment in the worship life of the Israelite community, comparable to the inauguration of worship in the tabernacle in the wilderness under Moses and in the Jerusalem temple under Solomon. If you have the freedom to use formatting creatively in your translation, you could make the implicit information about Aaron, Azariah, and Seraiah explicit and format this genealogy in a way that will highlight its purpose and design. Alternate translation and formatting: <br> <br>Ezra— <br> <br>the descendant of Seraiah, the last high priest in Solomon’s temple, <br>the son of Azariah, <br>the son of Hilkiah, <br>the son of Shallum, <br>the son of Zadok, <br>the descendant of Ahitub, <br>the descendant of Amariah, <br> <br>the son of Azariah, the high priest in Solomon’s temple, <br> <br>the descendant of Meraioth, <br>the son of Zerahiah, <br>the son of Uzzi, <br>the son of Bukki, <br>the son of Abishua, <br>the son of Phinehas, <br>the son of Eleazar, <br> <br>the son of Aaron, the first high priest in the tabernacle <br> <br>—this Ezra <br>  <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 1 uerz figs-explicit עֶזְרָא֙ 1 General Information: In Ezra’s genealogy in [7:1–6](../07/01.md), the book compresses about 30 generations, from Ezra back to Aaron, into a list of 16 ancestors. There is a symbolic significance behind the number of names chosen for the list, as this note will explain shortly. Moreover, three men on the list are included specifically because they had significant roles in the history of the worship of the Israelite community. Aaron [(7:5)](../07/05.md) was the first high priest under the Law of Moses and the first to serve in the tabernacle. Azariah [(7:3)](../07/03.md) was the first high priest to serve in the temple that Solomon built, which this book describes in [5:11](../05/11.md). Seraiah [(7:1)](../07/01.md) was the last high priest to serve in that temple. Unfortunately, the Babylonians executed him when they conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the temple. The rest of the names in the list are selected so that there will be seven generations between Aaron and Azariah, and seven generations between Azariah and Ezra, with Seraiah listed as the last generation before Ezra, even though he was Ezra’s great-grandfather. In the Bible, the number seven symbolically represents completeness. So this genealogy does not merely provide a partial list of the names of Ezra’s ancestors. Rather, it depicts his coming to Jerusalem as another definitive moment in the worship life of the Israelite community, comparable to the inauguration of worship in the tabernacle in the wilderness under Moses and in the Jerusalem temple under Solomon. If you have the freedom to use formatting creatively in your translation, you could make the implicit information about Aaron, Azariah, and Seraiah explicit and format this genealogy in a way that will highlight its purpose and design. Alternate translation and formatting: <br> <br>Ezra— <br> <br>the descendant of Seraiah, the last high priest in Solomon’s temple, <br>the son of Azariah, <br>the son of Hilkiah, <br>the son of Shallum, <br>the son of Zadok, <br>the descendant of Ahitub, <br>the descendant of Amariah, <br> <br>the son of Azariah, the high priest in Solomon’s temple, <br> <br>the descendant of Meraioth, <br>the son of Zerahiah, <br>the son of Uzzi, <br>the son of Bukki, <br>the son of Abishua, <br>the son of Phinehas, <br>the son of Eleazar, <br> <br>the son of Aaron, the first high priest in the tabernacle <br> <br>—this Ezra <br>  <br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 1 u6xs translate-names עֶזְרָא֙ 1 General Information: This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 1 u6xs translate-names עֶזְרָא֙ 1 General Information: This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 1 n9di figs-metaphor בֶּן־שְׂרָיָ֔ה בֶּן־עֲזַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּֽה 1 Seraiah In general, in the list in [7:1–6](../07/01.md), **son** figuratively means **descendant**. However, in many cases a man actually is the biological son of the next man on the list. So for your translation, you will need to decide whether to use the figurative expression **son**, which can also be literally true in many cases, or the non-figurative expression **descendant**, which is true in every case, or to say **son** for actual sons and **descendant** for descendants who are not actual sons. Choosing that last option would help show that the men on the list have been selected to make a certain number and arrangement, as explained in an earlier note. Alternative translations will illustrate this last option for each verse. Here, alternate translation: “the descendant of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 1 n9di figs-metaphor בֶּן־שְׂרָיָ֔ה בֶּן־עֲזַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּֽה 1 Seraiah In general, in the list in [7:1–6](../07/01.md), **son** figuratively means **descendant**. However, in many cases a man actually is the biological son of the next man on the list. So for your translation, you will need to decide whether to use the figurative expression **son**, which can also be literally true in many cases, or the non-figurative expression **descendant**, which is true in every case, or to say **son** for actual sons and **descendant** for descendants who are not actual sons. Choosing that last option would help show that the men on the list have been selected to make a certain number and arrangement, as explained in an earlier note. Alternative translations will illustrate this last option for each verse. Here, alternate translation: “the descendant of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 1 gcr6 translate-names שְׂרָיָ֔ה...עֲזַרְיָ֖ה...חִלְקִיָּֽה 1 Azariah…Hilkiah These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 1 gcr6 translate-names שְׂרָיָ֔ה…עֲזַרְיָ֖ה…חִלְקִיָּֽה 1 Azariah…Hilkiah These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 2 iy78  בֶּן־שַׁלּ֥וּם בֶּן־צָד֖וֹק בֶּן־אֲחִיטֽוּב 1 Shallum Alternate translation: “the son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the descendant of Ahitub” EZR 7 2 iy78  בֶּן־שַׁלּ֥וּם בֶּן־צָד֖וֹק בֶּן־אֲחִיטֽוּב 1 Shallum Alternate translation: “the son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the descendant of Ahitub”
EZR 7 2 e2ek translate-names שַׁלּ֥וּם...צָד֖וֹק...אֲחִיטֽוּב 1 Zadok…Ahitub These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 2 e2ek translate-names שַׁלּ֥וּם…צָד֖וֹק…אֲחִיטֽוּב 1 Zadok…Ahitub These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 3 7qiw בֶּן־אֲמַרְיָ֥ה בֶן־עֲזַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־מְרָיֽוֹת 1 Amariah…Azariah…Meraioth Alternate translation: “the descendant of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the descendant of Meraioth” EZR 7 3 7qiw בֶּן־אֲמַרְיָ֥ה בֶן־עֲזַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־מְרָיֽוֹת 1 Amariah…Azariah…Meraioth Alternate translation: “the descendant of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the descendant of Meraioth”
EZR 7 3 h5gv translate-names אֲמַרְיָ֥ה…עֲזַרְיָ֖ה…מְרָיֽוֹת 1 Amariah…Azariah…Meraioth These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 3 h5gv translate-names אֲמַרְיָ֥ה…עֲזַרְיָ֖ה…מְרָיֽוֹת 1 Amariah…Azariah…Meraioth These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 4 swtv בֶּן־זְרַֽחְיָ֥ה בֶן־עֻזִּ֖י בֶּן־בֻּקִּֽי 1 Zerahiah…Uzzi…Bukki Even if you have decided to use non-figurative terminology, unless you have chosen to use the term **descendant** throughout this list, you can say **son** in each case here, because each of these men was the actual father of the man whose name precedes his. Alternate translation: “the son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki” EZR 7 4 swtv בֶּן־זְרַֽחְיָ֥ה בֶן־עֻזִּ֖י בֶּן־בֻּקִּֽי 1 Zerahiah…Uzzi…Bukki Even if you have decided to use non-figurative terminology, unless you have chosen to use the term **descendant** throughout this list, you can say **son** in each case here, because each of these men was the actual father of the man whose name precedes his. Alternate translation: “the son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki”
EZR 7 4 zd73 translate-names זְרַֽחְיָ֥ה…עֻזִּ֖י…בֻּקִּֽי 1 Zerahiah…Uzzi…Bukki These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 4 zd73 translate-names זְרַֽחְיָ֥ה…עֻזִּ֖י…בֻּקִּֽי 1 Zerahiah…Uzzi…Bukki These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 5 7j6v בֶּן־אֲבִישׁ֗וּעַ בֶּן־פִּֽינְחָס֙ בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֔ר בֶּן־אַהֲרֹ֥ן 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here again, unless you have chosen to use the term **descendant** throughout this list, you can say **son** in each case here, because each of these men was the actual father of the man whose name precedes his. Alternate translation: “the son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron” EZR 7 5 7j6v בֶּן־אֲבִישׁ֗וּעַ בֶּן־פִּֽינְחָס֙ בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֔ר בֶּן־אַהֲרֹ֥ן 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here again, unless you have chosen to use the term **descendant** throughout this list, you can say **son** in each case here, because each of these men was the actual father of the man whose name precedes his. Alternate translation: “the son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron”
EZR 7 5 jvt2 translate-names אֲבִישׁ֗וּעַ…פִּֽינְחָס֙…אֶלְעָזָ֔ר...אַהֲרֹ֥ן 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 5 jvt2 translate-names אֲבִישׁ֗וּעַ…פִּֽינְחָס֙…אֶלְעָזָ֔ר…אַהֲרֹ֥ן 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 5 t064 figs-informremind הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here, the book provides some background information to remind readers who Aaron was. <br>Alternate translation: “the high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 7 5 t064 figs-informremind הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here, the book provides some background information to remind readers who Aaron was. <br>Alternate translation: “the high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 7 5 z67m figs-metaphor הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here, **head** is a figurative way of saying **leader**. Specifically, it means that Aaron was the leader of the priests, or the high priest. Alternate translation: “the high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 5 z67m figs-metaphor הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar Here, **head** is a figurative way of saying **leader**. Specifically, it means that Aaron was the leader of the priests, or the high priest. Alternate translation: “the high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 5 pqgw figs-explicit הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar The book assumes that readers will know that Aaron was the first high priest to serve in the tabernacle when God gave the law to Moses. Alternate translation: “the first high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 5 pqgw figs-explicit הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֖ן הָ⁠רֹֽאשׁ 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar The book assumes that readers will know that Aaron was the first high priest to serve in the tabernacle when God gave the law to Moses. Alternate translation: “the first high priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -742,8 +742,8 @@ EZR 7 13 wi2u figs-you לִ⁠מְהָ֧ךְ לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֛ם ע
EZR 7 13 g0ml מִן־עַמָּ֨⁠ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 may go with you Here, Artaxerxes specifies that this is the name of Ezra’s people group, perhaps because he does not expect everyone who sees this letter to be familiar with them already. Alternate translation: “the people known as ‘Israel’” EZR 7 13 g0ml מִן־עַמָּ֨⁠ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 1 may go with you Here, Artaxerxes specifies that this is the name of Ezra’s people group, perhaps because he does not expect everyone who sees this letter to be familiar with them already. Alternate translation: “the people known as ‘Israel’”
EZR 7 14 cbf2 grammar-connect-logic-result כָּ⁠ל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּי֩ 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that in the long sentence that follows, the next several phrases ([7:14–16](../07/14.md)) will provide the reasons for what the final two phrases say (in [7:17](../07/17.md)). You can translate this first word with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. However, also consider the suggestion in the first note to [7:15](../07/15.md) about breaking up this long sentence if that would make things clearer for your readers. If you follow that suggestion, you do not need to represent the word here in your translation. Alternate translation: “Since” or “In view of the fact that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 7 14 cbf2 grammar-connect-logic-result כָּ⁠ל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּי֩ 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that in the long sentence that follows, the next several phrases ([7:14–16](../07/14.md)) will provide the reasons for what the final two phrases say (in [7:17](../07/17.md)). You can translate this first word with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. However, also consider the suggestion in the first note to [7:15](../07/15.md) about breaking up this long sentence if that would make things clearer for your readers. If you follow that suggestion, you do not need to represent the word here in your translation. Alternate translation: “Since” or “In view of the fact that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 7 14 h7cx figs-activepassive מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א וְ⁠שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֨⁠הִי֙ שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I am my seven counselors are sending you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 7 14 h7cx figs-activepassive מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א וְ⁠שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֨⁠הִי֙ שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I am my seven counselors are sending you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 7 14 1x02 figs-123person מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א...שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “I … am sending you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 7 14 1x02 figs-123person מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א…שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “I…am sending you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 7 14 tpvw figs-metaphor מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א...שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors This could mean literally that Ezra has been in the king’s presence, that is, in his court, and that the king is sending him out from there. This phrase would show anyone who read the letter that Ezra was an important figure in the royal court. The phrase could also be a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] indicating that Ezra is going out on the king’s behalf and with his authority. Alternate translation: “I … am sending you from my court” or “I … am sending you with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 14 tpvw figs-metaphor מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜⁠א…שְׁלִ֔יחַ 1 the king, and his seven counselors This could mean literally that Ezra has been in the king’s presence, that is, in his court, and that the king is sending him out from there. This phrase would show anyone who read the letter that Ezra was an important figure in the royal court. The phrase could also be a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] indicating that Ezra is going out on the king’s behalf and with his authority. Alternate translation: “I…am sending you from my court” or “I…am sending you with my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 14 u9he translate-unknown וְ⁠שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֨⁠הִי֙ 1 the king, and his seven counselors As in [4:5](../04/05.md), **counselors** means royal advisors in the Persian court. The seven mentioned here appear to have been the king’s closest and most important advisors. Alternate translation: “and his seven chief royal advisors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 7 14 u9he translate-unknown וְ⁠שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֨⁠הִי֙ 1 the king, and his seven counselors As in [4:5](../04/05.md), **counselors** means royal advisors in the Persian court. The seven mentioned here appear to have been the king’s closest and most important advisors. Alternate translation: “and his seven chief royal advisors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 7 14 6nqr figs-metonymy לְ⁠בַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְ⁠לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּ⁠דָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠ךְ 1 the king, and his seven counselors Artaxerxes is describing the Jews who in the province of Judah, and especially its capital city of Jerusalem, figuratively, by reference to things that are associated with them, the province and city where they live. Alternate translation: “to see how carefully the Jews living in the province of Judah and the city of Jerusalem are following the law of your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 7 14 6nqr figs-metonymy לְ⁠בַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְ⁠לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּ⁠דָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠ךְ 1 the king, and his seven counselors Artaxerxes is describing the Jews who in the province of Judah, and especially its capital city of Jerusalem, figuratively, by reference to things that are associated with them, the province and city where they live. Alternate translation: “to see how carefully the Jews living in the province of Judah and the city of Jerusalem are following the law of your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 7 14 v44t figs-explicit לְ⁠בַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְ⁠לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּ⁠דָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠ךְ 1 to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God The implication, particularly in light of the powers that the king gives Ezra at the end of the letter ([7:25–26](../07/25.md)), is that **inquire** means more than just **find out about**. It also implies **do something about**. Alternate translation: “to make sure that the Jews living in the province of Judah and the city of Jerusalem follow the law of your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 14 v44t figs-explicit לְ⁠בַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְ⁠לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּ⁠דָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠ךְ 1 to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God The implication, particularly in light of the powers that the king gives Ezra at the end of the letter ([7:25–26](../07/25.md)), is that **inquire** means more than just **find out about**. It also implies **do something about**. Alternate translation: “to make sure that the Jews living in the province of Judah and the city of Jerusalem follow the law of your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ EZR 7 16 474p עִם֩ הִתְנַדָּב֨וּת עַמָּ֤⁠א וְ⁠כ
EZR 7 16 pdnm figs-informremind דִּ֥י בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶֽם 1 the freewill offering of the people and the priests Like Darius in [6:12](../06/12.md), here Artaxerxes repeats some background information in order to be very explicit about what temple his command applies to. Alternate translation: “in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]]) EZR 7 16 pdnm figs-informremind דִּ֥י בִ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶֽם 1 the freewill offering of the people and the priests Like Darius in [6:12](../06/12.md), here Artaxerxes repeats some background information in order to be very explicit about what temple his command applies to. Alternate translation: “in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-informremind]])
EZR 7 17 pr2c grammar-connect-logic-result כָּ⁠ל־קֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָה֩ 1 Connecting Statement: This word introduces the final part of the long sentence in [7:14–17](../07/14.md). It indicates the results of the reasons that the sentence has given so far. You can translate it with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. However, if you have followed the suggestion to break this long sentence up into several shorter sentences, you do not need to represent the word here in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 7 17 pr2c grammar-connect-logic-result כָּ⁠ל־קֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָה֩ 1 Connecting Statement: This word introduces the final part of the long sentence in [7:14–17](../07/14.md). It indicates the results of the reasons that the sentence has given so far. You can translate it with the word or phrase in your language that is most similar in meaning and significance. However, if you have followed the suggestion to break this long sentence up into several shorter sentences, you do not need to represent the word here in your translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 7 17 ciw6 figs-explicit בְּ⁠כַסְפָּ֣⁠א דְנָ֗ה 1 Connecting Statement: The implication is that this means not just the gifts from the priests and Israelites, but also the gifts from the king, his counselors, and the people of the province of Babylon. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this more explicitly. Alternate translation: “With all of this money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 17 ciw6 figs-explicit בְּ⁠כַסְפָּ֣⁠א דְנָ֗ה 1 Connecting Statement: The implication is that this means not just the gifts from the priests and Israelites, but also the gifts from the king, his counselors, and the people of the province of Babylon. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this more explicitly. Alternate translation: “With all of this money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 17 b2sq figs-explicit אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא תִקְנֵ֜א...דְנָ֗ה תּוֹרִ֤ין׀ דִּכְרִין֙ אִמְּרִ֔ין וּ⁠מִנְחָתְ⁠ה֖וֹן וְ⁠נִסְכֵּי⁠ה֑וֹן 1 diligently buy bulls, rams, lambs, and grain offerings and drink offerings The implication, as [6:9](../06/09.md) indicates explicitly, is that the bulls, rams, and lambs were to be used for whole burnt offerings. If it would be helpful, review the note to [3:2](../03/02.md) about what whole burnt offerings were and why they were offered. The book also expects readers to know that the Law of Moses said that two further things should be offered together with the animals that were sacrificed in whole burnt offerings. One was a certain amount of flour mixed with oil, considered a **grain offering**. The other was a certain amount of wine, considered a **drink offering**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “be sure to buy bulls, rams, and lambs to sacrifice as whole burnt offerings, and grain, oil, and wine for the grain offerings and drink offerings that the law says must accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 17 b2sq figs-explicit אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא תִקְנֵ֜א…דְנָ֗ה תּוֹרִ֤ין׀ דִּכְרִין֙ אִמְּרִ֔ין וּ⁠מִנְחָתְ⁠ה֖וֹן וְ⁠נִסְכֵּי⁠ה֑וֹן 1 diligently buy bulls, rams, lambs, and grain offerings and drink offerings The implication, as [6:9](../06/09.md) indicates explicitly, is that the bulls, rams, and lambs were to be used for whole burnt offerings. If it would be helpful, review the note to [3:2](../03/02.md) about what whole burnt offerings were and why they were offered. The book also expects readers to know that the Law of Moses said that two further things should be offered together with the animals that were sacrificed in whole burnt offerings. One was a certain amount of flour mixed with oil, considered a **grain offering**. The other was a certain amount of wine, considered a **drink offering**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “be sure to buy bulls, rams, and lambs to sacrifice as whole burnt offerings, and grain, oil, and wine for the grain offerings and drink offerings that the law says must accompany them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 17 sjnr אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא 1 diligently buy bulls, rams, lambs, and grain offerings and drink offerings In their decrees, as several examples in this book show, the Persian kings used this term **diligently** to mean carefully, exactly, and efficiently. Review the note to [5:8](../05/08.md) about this term if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “be sure to” EZR 7 17 sjnr אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא 1 diligently buy bulls, rams, lambs, and grain offerings and drink offerings In their decrees, as several examples in this book show, the Persian kings used this term **diligently** to mean carefully, exactly, and efficiently. Review the note to [5:8](../05/08.md) about this term if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “be sure to”
EZR 7 18 a2bh figs-metaphor וּ⁠מָ֣ה דִי֩ עלי⁠ך וְ⁠עַל־אחי⁠ך יֵיטַ֗ב בִּ⁠שְׁאָ֛ר כַּסְפָּ֥⁠א וְ⁠דַהֲבָ֖⁠ה לְ⁠מֶעְבַּ֑ד כִּ⁠רְע֥וּת אֱלָהֲ⁠כֹ֖ם תַּעַבְדֽוּן 1 you and your brothers Here, **brother** is a figurative way of saying **fellow Israelites**, and in context it likely refers to the other Jewish leaders who would decide with Ezra what to do with the extra money. Alternate translation: “You and your fellow Jewish leaders can decide what you think your God would like you to do with any silver and gold that is left over.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 18 a2bh figs-metaphor וּ⁠מָ֣ה דִי֩ עלי⁠ך וְ⁠עַל־אחי⁠ך יֵיטַ֗ב בִּ⁠שְׁאָ֛ר כַּסְפָּ֥⁠א וְ⁠דַהֲבָ֖⁠ה לְ⁠מֶעְבַּ֑ד כִּ⁠רְע֥וּת אֱלָהֲ⁠כֹ֖ם תַּעַבְדֽוּן 1 you and your brothers Here, **brother** is a figurative way of saying **fellow Israelites**, and in context it likely refers to the other Jewish leaders who would decide with Ezra what to do with the extra money. Alternate translation: “You and your fellow Jewish leaders can decide what you think your God would like you to do with any silver and gold that is left over.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 19 h5qf grammar-connect-logic-contrast וּ⁠מָֽאנַיָּ⁠א֙ 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces draws a contrast, between what Ezra and the other Jewish leaders could do with gold and silver that people contributed in the form of money and what they had to do with gold and silver that people contributed in the form of bowls and other objects that could be used in the temple. You could begin the sentence with a word such as **however** to indicate this contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EZR 7 19 h5qf grammar-connect-logic-contrast וּ⁠מָֽאנַיָּ⁠א֙ 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces draws a contrast, between what Ezra and the other Jewish leaders could do with gold and silver that people contributed in the form of money and what they had to do with gold and silver that people contributed in the form of bowls and other objects that could be used in the temple. You could begin the sentence with a word such as **however** to indicate this contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ EZR 7 20 4shw figs-synecdoche תִּנְתֵּ֕ן מִן־בֵּ֖ית גִּנ
EZR 7 20 hgu9 figs-123person בֵּ֖ית גִּנְזֵ֥י מַלְכָּֽ⁠א 1 treasury Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “my royal treasury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 7 20 hgu9 figs-123person בֵּ֖ית גִּנְזֵ֥י מַלְכָּֽ⁠א 1 treasury Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “my royal treasury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 7 21 wiy2 grammar-connect-logic-result וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Specifically, Artaxerxes has just said that Ezra may pay for additional expenses out of the royal treasury. Consequently, he will now give instructions about providing funds to Ezra to the officials responsible for administering the royal revenue in the province where Jerusalem is located. Alternate translation: “Consequently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 7 21 wiy2 grammar-connect-logic-result וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י 1 Connecting Statement: This word indicates that the sentence it introduces explains the results of what the previous sentence described. Specifically, Artaxerxes has just said that Ezra may pay for additional expenses out of the royal treasury. Consequently, he will now give instructions about providing funds to Ezra to the officials responsible for administering the royal revenue in the province where Jerusalem is located. Alternate translation: “Consequently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 7 21 rfxe figs-123person וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י אֲנָ֞ה אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֤סְתְּא מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם 1 Connecting Statement: Up to this point in the letter, Artaxerxes has been addressing Ezra, and he has spoken of himself mostly in the third person. But now as he turns to address a new audience, the royal treasurers, he speaks of himself in the first person, and he uses the emphatic form **me myself** and repeats his name and title, as in [7:12](../07/12.md). If you have been translating the king’s use of the third person for himself in this letter with the second person in your language, it may be helpful to your readers if you use some emphatic form or extended phrase here to show this transition. Alternate translation: “I, King Artaxerxes, am personally commanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 7 21 rfxe figs-123person וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י אֲנָ֞ה אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֤סְתְּא מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם 1 Connecting Statement: Up to this point in the letter, Artaxerxes has been addressing Ezra, and he has spoken of himself mostly in the third person. But now as he turns to address a new audience, the royal treasurers, he speaks of himself in the first person, and he uses the emphatic form **me myself** and repeats his name and title, as in [7:12](../07/12.md). If you have been translating the king’s use of the third person for himself in this letter with the second person in your language, it may be helpful to your readers if you use some emphatic form or extended phrase here to show this transition. Alternate translation: “I, King Artaxerxes, am personally commanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 7 21 h6c8 figs-activepassive וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י אֲנָ֞ה אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֤סְתְּא מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם...דִּ֣י כָל־דִּ֣י יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְ⁠כוֹן עֶזְרָ֨א...אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “I, King Artaxerxes, am personally commanding you to give Ezra anything he asks from you, and to do that exactly and promptly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 7 21 h6c8 figs-activepassive וּ֠⁠מִנִּ⁠י אֲנָ֞ה אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֤סְתְּא מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם…דִּ֣י כָל־דִּ֣י יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְ⁠כוֹן עֶזְרָ֨א…אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “I, King Artaxerxes, am personally commanding you to give Ezra anything he asks from you, and to do that exactly and promptly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 7 21 mlat figs-you יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְ⁠כוֹן 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently The king now addressing the treasurers, so **you** refers to them here and in [7:24](../07/24.md). If your language distinguishes between forms of you, the form for a superior addressing a group of people would be appropriate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) EZR 7 21 mlat figs-you יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְ⁠כוֹן 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently The king now addressing the treasurers, so **you** refers to them here and in [7:24](../07/24.md). If your language distinguishes between forms of you, the form for a superior addressing a group of people would be appropriate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EZR 7 21 zz8u translate-unknown גִּזַּֽבְרַיָּ֔⁠א 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently These were royal officials responsible for administering the funds of the empire in their province. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) EZR 7 21 zz8u translate-unknown גִּזַּֽבְרַיָּ֔⁠א 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently These were royal officials responsible for administering the funds of the empire in their province. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 7 21 i7dz translate-names בַּ⁠עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of one of the provinces of the Persian Empire. See how you translated it in [4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 21 i7dz translate-names בַּ⁠עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of one of the provinces of the Persian Empire. See how you translated it in [4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@ -781,10 +781,10 @@ EZR 7 21 euy1 figs-informremind עֶזְרָ֨א כָהֲנָ֜⁠ה סָפַ֤
EZR 7 22 zxtg figs-ellipsis עַד־כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ וְ⁠עַד־חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־חֲמַר֙ בַּתִּ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה וּ⁠מְלַ֖ח דִּי־לָ֥א כְתָֽב 1 one hundred silver talents Here, the king is speaking in an abbreviated, official way, and the connection to the previous verse may not be entirely clear for all readers. He is describing how much he is authorizing Ezra to ask for from the treasury in money and supplies. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly, and you could also make this verse a sentence of its own. Alternate translation: “I am authorizing Ezra to ask you treasurers for up to 100 kikkars of silver, 100 cors of wheat, 100 baths of wine, 100 baths of oil, and an unlimited amount of salt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) EZR 7 22 zxtg figs-ellipsis עַד־כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ וְ⁠עַד־חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־חֲמַר֙ בַּתִּ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה וּ⁠מְלַ֖ח דִּי־לָ֥א כְתָֽב 1 one hundred silver talents Here, the king is speaking in an abbreviated, official way, and the connection to the previous verse may not be entirely clear for all readers. He is describing how much he is authorizing Ezra to ask for from the treasury in money and supplies. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly, and you could also make this verse a sentence of its own. Alternate translation: “I am authorizing Ezra to ask you treasurers for up to 100 kikkars of silver, 100 cors of wheat, 100 baths of wine, 100 baths of oil, and an unlimited amount of salt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZR 7 22 c716 translate-bmoney כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ 1 one hundred silver talents You could try to express the modern value of this amount of silver. But since prices vary over time, that could cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate. So you could express the amount instead using the ancient measurement, the kikkar, and explain in a note that this was equivalent to about 30 kilograms. Alternatively, you could specify the weight of the silver in the text, as UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) EZR 7 22 c716 translate-bmoney כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ 1 one hundred silver talents You could try to express the modern value of this amount of silver. But since prices vary over time, that could cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate. So you could express the amount instead using the ancient measurement, the kikkar, and explain in a note that this was equivalent to about 30 kilograms. Alternatively, you could specify the weight of the silver in the text, as UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
EZR 7 22 cja2 translate-bvolume חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה 1 one hundred cors of wheat A cor was equivalent to about 220 liters. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the quantity in modern measurements, as UST does, “five hundred bushels of wheat.” Alternatively, to help your readers recognize that the biblical writings come from a long ago when people used different measures, you could express the amount using the ancient measurement, the cor, and explain the equivalent in modern measurements in a note. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) EZR 7 22 cja2 translate-bvolume חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה 1 one hundred cors of wheat A cor was equivalent to about 220 liters. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the quantity in modern measurements, as UST does, “five hundred bushels of wheat.” Alternatively, to help your readers recognize that the biblical writings come from a long ago when people used different measures, you could express the amount using the ancient measurement, the cor, and explain the equivalent in modern measurements in a note. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZR 7 22 u3yi translate-bvolume וְ⁠עַד־חֲמַר֙ בַּתִּ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה 1 one hundred baths of oil A bath was equivalent to about 22 liters. Once again, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the quantity in modern measurements, or you could express the amount using the ancient measurement and explain its modern equivalent in a note. Alternate translation: “2200 liters of wine … 2200 liters of oil” or “600 gallons of wine … 600 gallons of oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) EZR 7 22 u3yi translate-bvolume וְ⁠עַד־חֲמַר֙ בַּתִּ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְ⁠עַד־בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה 1 one hundred baths of oil A bath was equivalent to about 22 liters. Once again, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the quantity in modern measurements, or you could express the amount using the ancient measurement and explain its modern equivalent in a note. Alternate translation: “2200 liters of wine…2200 liters of oil” or “600 gallons of wine…600 gallons of oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
EZR 7 22 pdtm figs-idiom וּ⁠מְלַ֖ח דִּי־לָ֥א כְתָֽב 1 one hundred baths of oil This expression means that that the king is not specifying in writing a maximum amount of salt that Ezra can request, as he did for the silver, wheat, wine, and oil. Alternate translation: “an unlimited amount of salt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 7 22 pdtm figs-idiom וּ⁠מְלַ֖ח דִּי־לָ֥א כְתָֽב 1 one hundred baths of oil This expression means that that the king is not specifying in writing a maximum amount of salt that Ezra can request, as he did for the silver, wheat, wine, and oil. Alternate translation: “an unlimited amount of salt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 7 23 5z1d figs-activepassive כָּל־דִּ֗י מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א יִתְעֲבֵד֙ אַדְרַזְדָּ֔א לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 one hundred baths of oil If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “I want you to make sure that the Jewish leaders have the funds they need to do everything that the God who rules in heaven has commanded regarding worship in his temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 7 23 5z1d figs-activepassive כָּל־דִּ֗י מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א יִתְעֲבֵד֙ אַדְרַזְדָּ֔א לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 one hundred baths of oil If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Alternate translation: “I want you to make sure that the Jewish leaders have the funds they need to do everything that the God who rules in heaven has commanded regarding worship in his temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 7 23 ado8 figs-metaphor כָּל־דִּ֗י מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א...לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 one hundred baths of oil Here by **decree** Artaxerxes is likely referring to what he calls the **law of the God of heaven** in [7:12](../07/12.md). He means the Law of Moses, and specifically the commandments in the law for how community worship was to be conducted. Artaxerxes speaks of the law figuratively as if it were a royal decree that God had issued. Alternate translation: “everything that the God who rules in heaven has commanded regarding worship in his temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 23 ado8 figs-metaphor כָּל־דִּ֗י מִן־טַ֨עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א…לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 one hundred baths of oil Here by **decree** Artaxerxes is likely referring to what he calls the **law of the God of heaven** in [7:12](../07/12.md). He means the Law of Moses, and specifically the commandments in the law for how community worship was to be conducted. Artaxerxes speaks of the law figuratively as if it were a royal decree that God had issued. Alternate translation: “everything that the God who rules in heaven has commanded regarding worship in his temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 23 t2e7 figs-metaphor לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 the house See how you translated the expressions **the house of God** in [1:4](../01/04.md) and **the God of heaven** in [5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “the temple of the God who rules in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 23 t2e7 figs-metaphor לְ⁠בֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑⁠א 1 the house See how you translated the expressions **the house of God** in [1:4](../01/04.md) and **the God of heaven** in [5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “the temple of the God who rules in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 23 i89i figs-rquestion דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons? The king is making a statement, not really asking a question. He does not expect the treasurers to explain to him why there should be wrath against the kingdom. Instead, he is using the question form to emphasize how important it is for the treasurers to ensure that sufficient funds are provided so that worship in the temple can be conducted just as God has commanded. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not want God to be angry with me or with any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) EZR 7 23 i89i figs-rquestion דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons? The king is making a statement, not really asking a question. He does not expect the treasurers to explain to him why there should be wrath against the kingdom. Instead, he is using the question form to emphasize how important it is for the treasurers to ensure that sufficient funds are provided so that worship in the temple can be conducted just as God has commanded. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not want God to be angry with me or with any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZR 7 23 bc0q figs-explicit דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons? The implication is that Artaxerxes wants to have God’s favor, and he is concerned that God will be displeased with him instead if he does not provide for God’s temple in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I do not want God to be angry with me or with any of my descendants who rule after me because I neglected his temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 7 23 bc0q figs-explicit דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons? The implication is that Artaxerxes wants to have God’s favor, and he is concerned that God will be displeased with him instead if he does not provide for God’s temple in Jerusalem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I do not want God to be angry with me or with any of my descendants who rule after me because I neglected his temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ EZR 7 23 x6h5 figs-metonymy דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְ
EZR 7 23 9ptx figs-metonymy מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons God would not actually be angry with the realm over which Artaxerxes has authority. Rather, he uses the term **kingdom** to describe himself and his descendants figuratively, by reference to something associated with them. Alternate translation: “me or any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 7 23 9ptx figs-metonymy מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons God would not actually be angry with the realm over which Artaxerxes has authority. Rather, he uses the term **kingdom** to describe himself and his descendants figuratively, by reference to something associated with them. Alternate translation: “me or any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 7 23 aia6 figs-123person מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “me or any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 7 23 aia6 figs-123person מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons Artaxerxes speaks of himself here in the third person. Alternate translation: “me or any of my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 7 23 wo5t figs-metaphor וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons This could possibly mean the biological sons of King Artaxerxes, but since he speaks of the kingdom as belonging to them, it is more likely that this is a figurative reference to his descendants, and specifically the line of direct descendants who would rule Persia as his successors. (If it would be helpful, review the notes to [4:15](../04/15.md) and [6:10](../06/10.md) about how Persian kings considered their predecessors their **fathers** and their successors their **sons**.) Alternate translation: “my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 7 23 wo5t figs-metaphor וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons This could possibly mean the biological sons of King Artaxerxes, but since he speaks of the kingdom as belonging to them, it is more likely that this is a figurative reference to his descendants, and specifically the line of direct descendants who would rule Persia as his successors. (If it would be helpful, review the notes to [4:15](../04/15.md) and [6:10](../06/10.md) about how Persian kings considered their predecessors their **fathers** and their successors their **sons**.) Alternate translation: “my descendants who rule after me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 24 pw3i figs-exclusive וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹ֣ם מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין דִּ֣י...מִנְדָּ֤ה בְלוֹ֙ וַ⁠הֲלָ֔ךְ לָ֥א שַׁלִּ֖יט לְ⁠מִרְמֵ֥א עֲלֵי⁠הֹֽם 1 Connecting Statement: To this point in the letter, Artaxerxes has referred to himself in the singular, whether in the second person or the third person. But here he uses the plural. This could possibly indicate **I and my seven chief royal counselors**, as in [7:15](../07/15.md). However, since he spoke initially to these treasurers so individually and emphatically in [7:21](../07/21.md), it seems unlikely that he would appeal to supporting authorities when giving these further instructions to them. Rather, it seems that the king speaks in the plural here because he has just envisioned himself within a succession of kings who will rule over this kingdom. (As the expression **the revenue of the kings** in [4:13](../04/13.md) shows, the Persian emperors could envision their actions and decisions as embodying those of later kings.) So **we** most likely means **I**, and you could say that as an alternate translation. On the other hand, if you decide to say **we**, you should use the form that does not include the addressees, if you language makes that distinction. Alternate translation: “And I am informing you that you have no authority to collect taxes, tribute, or duty from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) EZR 7 24 pw3i figs-exclusive וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹ֣ם מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין דִּ֣י…מִנְדָּ֤ה בְלוֹ֙ וַ⁠הֲלָ֔ךְ לָ֥א שַׁלִּ֖יט לְ⁠מִרְמֵ֥א עֲלֵי⁠הֹֽם 1 Connecting Statement: To this point in the letter, Artaxerxes has referred to himself in the singular, whether in the second person or the third person. But here he uses the plural. This could possibly indicate **I and my seven chief royal counselors**, as in [7:15](../07/15.md). However, since he spoke initially to these treasurers so individually and emphatically in [7:21](../07/21.md), it seems unlikely that he would appeal to supporting authorities when giving these further instructions to them. Rather, it seems that the king speaks in the plural here because he has just envisioned himself within a succession of kings who will rule over this kingdom. (As the expression **the revenue of the kings** in [4:13](../04/13.md) shows, the Persian emperors could envision their actions and decisions as embodying those of later kings.) So **we** most likely means **I**, and you could say that as an alternate translation. On the other hand, if you decide to say **we**, you should use the form that does not include the addressees, if you language makes that distinction. Alternate translation: “And I am informing you that you have no authority to collect taxes, tribute, or duty from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
EZR 7 24 wx23 מִנְדָּ֤ה בְלוֹ֙ וַ⁠הֲלָ֔ךְ 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom See how you translated this phrase in [4:13](../04/13.md). EZR 7 24 wx23 מִנְדָּ֤ה בְלוֹ֙ וַ⁠הֲלָ֔ךְ 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom See how you translated this phrase in [4:13](../04/13.md).
EZR 7 24 3w6q grammar-connect-logic-result כָל־כָּהֲנַיָּ֣⁠א וְ֠⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א זַמָּ֨רַיָּ֤⁠א תָרָֽעַיָּ⁠א֙ נְתִ֣ינַיָּ֔⁠א וּ⁠פָ֣לְחֵ֔י בֵּ֖ית אֱלָהָ֣⁠א דְנָ֑ה 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom The last phrase, **the servants of the house of this God**, describes what the people in the five groups listed all have in common. They all work in the temple of God. In this way, the phrase gives the reason why the treasurers may not impose taxes on anyone in any of these groups. Likely as a further way of supporting the temple, and perhaps also as a gesture of respect for God, Artaxerxes is providing an exemption from taxes for all temple personnel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could make this the first part of the sentence, since it gives the reason for the results that the rest of the sentence describes. Alternate translation: “Because the priests, Levites, singers, gatekeepers, and Nethinim all work in the temple of the God who rules in heaven, …” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 7 24 3w6q grammar-connect-logic-result כָל־כָּהֲנַיָּ֣⁠א וְ֠⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א זַמָּ֨רַיָּ֤⁠א תָרָֽעַיָּ⁠א֙ נְתִ֣ינַיָּ֔⁠א וּ⁠פָ֣לְחֵ֔י בֵּ֖ית אֱלָהָ֣⁠א דְנָ֑ה 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom The last phrase, **the servants of the house of this God**, describes what the people in the five groups listed all have in common. They all work in the temple of God. In this way, the phrase gives the reason why the treasurers may not impose taxes on anyone in any of these groups. Likely as a further way of supporting the temple, and perhaps also as a gesture of respect for God, Artaxerxes is providing an exemption from taxes for all temple personnel. If it would be clearer in your language, you could make this the first part of the sentence, since it gives the reason for the results that the rest of the sentence describes. Alternate translation: “Because the priests, Levites, singers, gatekeepers, and Nethinim all work in the temple of the God who rules in heaven, …” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 7 24 3gkt translate-names וְ֠⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom See how you translated this term in [2:40](../02/40.md). Review the explanation in the note there if that would be helpful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 7 24 3gkt translate-names וְ֠⁠לֵוָיֵ⁠א 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom See how you translated this term in [2:40](../02/40.md). Review the explanation in the note there if that would be helpful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ EZR 7 28 gxx2 figs-ellipsis מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֛ל רָאשִׁ֖ים 1
EZR 7 28 agha figs-idiom לַ⁠עֲל֥וֹת עִמִּֽ⁠י 1 as the hand of Yahweh my God was upon me Ezra says **go up** because he and the group he was leading would have to travel from a river valley up into the mountains in order to return from their places of exile to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to return to Jerusalem with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 7 28 agha figs-idiom לַ⁠עֲל֥וֹת עִמִּֽ⁠י 1 as the hand of Yahweh my God was upon me Ezra says **go up** because he and the group he was leading would have to travel from a river valley up into the mountains in order to return from their places of exile to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to return to Jerusalem with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 8 intro ye9m 0 # Ezra 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The people’s return to Judah<br>Many people went back to Judah with Ezra. They trusted God to protect them and the precious items they carried with them, which had been given for the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]]) EZR 8 intro ye9m 0 # Ezra 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The people’s return to Judah<br>Many people went back to Judah with Ezra. They trusted God to protect them and the precious items they carried with them, which had been given for the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
EZR 8 1 ss8d figs-ellipsis וְ⁠אֵ֛לֶּה רָאשֵׁ֥י אֲבֹתֵי⁠הֶ֖ם וְ⁠הִתְיַחְשָׂ֑⁠ם הָ⁠עֹלִ֣ים עִמִּ֗⁠י 1 General Information: As in [4:3](../04/03.md), **heads of fathers** is an abbreviated way of saying **heads of father’s houses**. Review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “the names of the clan leaders, along with the names their clans, who traveled with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) EZR 8 1 ss8d figs-ellipsis וְ⁠אֵ֛לֶּה רָאשֵׁ֥י אֲבֹתֵי⁠הֶ֖ם וְ⁠הִתְיַחְשָׂ֑⁠ם הָ⁠עֹלִ֣ים עִמִּ֗⁠י 1 General Information: As in [4:3](../04/03.md), **heads of fathers** is an abbreviated way of saying **heads of father’s houses**. Review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “the names of the clan leaders, along with the names their clans, who traveled with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EZR 8 1 u9yy figs-idiom הָ⁠עֹלִ֣ים עִמִּ֗⁠י...מִ⁠בָּבֶֽל 1 General Information: As in [7:28](../07/28.md), Ezra says **go up** because the trip from Babylon to Jerusalem would involve a significant climb in elevation. Alternate translation: “to return from Babylon with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 8 1 u9yy figs-idiom הָ⁠עֹלִ֣ים עִמִּ֗⁠י…מִ⁠בָּבֶֽל 1 General Information: As in [7:28](../07/28.md), Ezra says **go up** because the trip from Babylon to Jerusalem would involve a significant climb in elevation. Alternate translation: “to return from Babylon with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 8 1 f1jb figs-explicit בְּ⁠מַלְכ֛וּת אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ 1 General Information: As [7:8–9](../07/08.md) indicates, this was specifically in the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “during the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes as king of Persia.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 1 f1jb figs-explicit בְּ⁠מַלְכ֛וּת אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ 1 General Information: As [7:8–9](../07/08.md) indicates, this was specifically in the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “during the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes as king of Persia.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 1 e7pk translate-ordinal בְּ⁠מַלְכ֛וּת אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ 1 General Information: If you choose to make the implicit information explicit, but your language does not use [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]], you can say “during year 7 of the reign of Artaxerxes as king of Persia.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) EZR 8 1 e7pk translate-ordinal בְּ⁠מַלְכ֛וּת אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ 1 General Information: If you choose to make the implicit information explicit, but your language does not use [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]], you can say “during year 7 of the reign of Artaxerxes as king of Persia.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 8 2 m2b9 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֤י פִֽינְחָס֙ גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם 1 of the sons of Phinehas, Gershom Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Phinehas, Gershom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 2 m2b9 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֤י פִֽינְחָס֙ גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם 1 of the sons of Phinehas, Gershom Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Phinehas, Gershom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -837,39 +837,39 @@ EZR 8 2 kb7h figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י דָוִ֖יד חַטּֽוּש
EZR 8 2 xt4r translate-names דָוִ֖יד חַטּֽוּשׁ 1 Hattush These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 2 xt4r translate-names דָוִ֖יד חַטּֽוּשׁ 1 Hattush These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 3 m91f figs-explicit מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁכַנְיָ֔הס מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh This could mean one of two things. (1) It could mean that Zechariah was the clan leader of the descendants of Shecaniah, and that they were all descendants of a more remote ancestor named Parosh. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shecaniah, who were descendants of Parosh, Zechariah.” (2) More likely, the phrase “from the sons of Shecaniah” applies to the end of the previous verse. 1 Chronicles 3:19–22 shows that Hattush was the grandson of Shecaniah, and that Shecaniah was either the grandson or a more distant descendant of Zerubbabel, who was a descendant of King David. (As several of the following verses show, further information like this may be provided about the clan leaders on this list.) So the end of [8:2](../08/02.md) and the beginning of [8:3](../08/03.md) could read, as an alternate translation: “From the descendants of King David, Hattush, one of the descendants of Shecaniah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 3 m91f figs-explicit מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁכַנְיָ֔הס מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh This could mean one of two things. (1) It could mean that Zechariah was the clan leader of the descendants of Shecaniah, and that they were all descendants of a more remote ancestor named Parosh. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shecaniah, who were descendants of Parosh, Zechariah.” (2) More likely, the phrase “from the sons of Shecaniah” applies to the end of the previous verse. 1 Chronicles 3:19–22 shows that Hattush was the grandson of Shecaniah, and that Shecaniah was either the grandson or a more distant descendant of Zerubbabel, who was a descendant of King David. (As several of the following verses show, further information like this may be provided about the clan leaders on this list.) So the end of [8:2](../08/02.md) and the beginning of [8:3](../08/03.md) could read, as an alternate translation: “From the descendants of King David, Hattush, one of the descendants of Shecaniah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 3 veab figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁכַנְיָ֔הס מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: (1) “From the descendants of Shecaniah, who were descendants of Parosh, Zechariah” or (2) “… one of the descendants of Shecaniah. From the descendants of Parosh, Zechariah” (The numbers refer to the options in the previous note.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 3 veab figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁכַנְיָ֔הס מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: (1) “From the descendants of Shecaniah, who were descendants of Parosh, Zechariah” or (2) “… one of the descendants of Shecaniah. From the descendants of Parosh, Zechariah” (The numbers refer to the options in the previous note.) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 3 f6xt translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֔ה...פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 3 f6xt translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֔ה…פַרְעֹ֖שׁ זְכַרְיָ֑ה 1 Parosh These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 3 ds2y figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֛⁠וֹ הִתְיַחֵ֥שׂ לִ⁠זְכָרִ֖ים מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 with him were registered150 males The implication is that these 150 males belonged to the same clan as Zechariah. Alternate translation: “along with 150 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 3 ds2y figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֛⁠וֹ הִתְיַחֵ֥שׂ לִ⁠זְכָרִ֖ים מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 with him were registered150 males The implication is that these 150 males belonged to the same clan as Zechariah. Alternate translation: “along with 150 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 4 f7d5 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵי֙ פַּחַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְיְהֽוֹעֵינַ֖י בֶּן־זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 of the sons of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai the son of Zerahiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 4 f7d5 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵי֙ פַּחַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְיְהֽוֹעֵינַ֖י בֶּן־זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 of the sons of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai the son of Zerahiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 4 c961 translate-names פַּחַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְיְהֽוֹעֵינַ֖י...זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 4 c961 translate-names פַּחַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְיְהֽוֹעֵינַ֖י…זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 4 y6jz figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ מָאתַ֥יִם הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him were two hundred males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 200 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 4 y6jz figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ מָאתַ֥יִם הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him were two hundred males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 200 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 5 qrqj figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shecaniah, the son of Jahaziel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 5 qrqj figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shecaniah, the son of Jahaziel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 5 sxis translate-textvariants מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred Since this list has been providing the name of each clan leader, it would be unusual for it to omit the leader’s name here and state only the name of his father. It seems that the name of the clan was accidentally left out at one point in the copying process. Other ancient versions of the Old Testament read, “from the sons of Zattu, Shecaniah the son of Jahaziel.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could treat that as the correct text. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Zattu, Shecaniah the son of Jahaziel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]]) EZR 8 5 sxis translate-textvariants מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred Since this list has been providing the name of each clan leader, it would be unusual for it to omit the leader’s name here and state only the name of his father. It seems that the name of the clan was accidentally left out at one point in the copying process. Other ancient versions of the Old Testament read, “from the sons of Zattu, Shecaniah the son of Jahaziel.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could treat that as the correct text. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Zattu, Shecaniah the son of Jahaziel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
EZR 8 5 c416 translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה...יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 5 c416 translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֖ה…יַחֲזִיאֵ֑ל 1 three hundred These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 5 j5rk figs-explicit עִמּ֕⁠וֹ שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 three hundred See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 300 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 5 j5rk figs-explicit עִמּ֕⁠וֹ שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 three hundred See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 300 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 6 x9hz figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עָדִ֔ין עֶ֖בֶד בֶּן־יוֹנָתָ֑ן 1 Adin Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Adin, Ebed the son of Jonathan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 6 x9hz figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עָדִ֔ין עֶ֖בֶד בֶּן־יוֹנָתָ֑ן 1 Adin Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Adin, Ebed the son of Jonathan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 6 4qsg translate-names עָדִ֔ין עֶ֖בֶד...יוֹנָתָ֑ן 1 Adin These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 6 4qsg translate-names עָדִ֔ין עֶ֖בֶד…יוֹנָתָ֑ן 1 Adin These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 6 c84d figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 fifty See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 50 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 6 c84d figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 fifty See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 50 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 7 yegf figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עֵילָ֔ם יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה בֶּן־עֲתַלְיָ֑ה 1 seventy Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Elam, Jeshaiah the son of Athaliah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 7 yegf figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עֵילָ֔ם יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה בֶּן־עֲתַלְיָ֑ה 1 seventy Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Elam, Jeshaiah the son of Athaliah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 7 31un translate-names עֵילָ֔ם יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה...עֲתַלְיָ֑ה 1 seventy These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 7 31un translate-names עֵילָ֔ם יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה…עֲתַלְיָ֑ה 1 seventy These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 7 f2s8 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שִׁבְעִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 seventy See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 70 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 7 f2s8 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שִׁבְעִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 seventy See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 70 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 8 wa5l figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה זְבַדְיָ֖ה בֶּן־מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 General Information: Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shephatiah, Zebadiah the son of Michael” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 8 wa5l figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה זְבַדְיָ֖ה בֶּן־מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 General Information: Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shephatiah, Zebadiah the son of Michael” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 8 b23z translate-names שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה זְבַדְיָ֖ה...מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 8 b23z translate-names שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה זְבַדְיָ֖ה…מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 8 w6u1 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שְׁמֹנִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him eighty males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 80 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 8 w6u1 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שְׁמֹנִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him eighty males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 80 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 9 w699 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב עֹבַדְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יְחִיאֵ֑ל 1 218 males Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Joab, Obadiah the son of Jehiel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 9 w699 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב עֹבַדְיָ֖ה בֶּן־יְחִיאֵ֑ל 1 218 males Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Joab, Obadiah the son of Jehiel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 9 u1te translate-names יוֹאָ֔ב עֹבַדְיָ֖ה...יְחִיאֵ֑ל 1 218 males These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 9 u1te translate-names יוֹאָ֔ב עֹבַדְיָ֖ה…יְחִיאֵ֑ל 1 218 males These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 9 ude8 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מָאתַ֛יִם וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 218 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 218 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 9 ude8 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מָאתַ֛יִם וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 218 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 218 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 10 41dx figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית בֶּן־יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shelomith, the son of Josiphiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 10 41dx figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית בֶּן־יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Shelomith, the son of Josiphiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 10 unnl translate-textvariants וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית בֶּן־יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males It appears that, as in [8:5](../08/05.md), the name of the clan has accidentally dropped out here as well. Some manuscripts of an ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament read, “from the descendants of Bani, Shelomith the son of Josiphiah.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could treat that as the correct text. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bani, Shelomith the son of Josiphiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]]) EZR 8 10 unnl translate-textvariants וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית בֶּן־יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males It appears that, as in [8:5](../08/05.md), the name of the clan has accidentally dropped out here as well. Some manuscripts of an ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament read, “from the descendants of Bani, Shelomith the son of Josiphiah.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could treat that as the correct text. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bani, Shelomith the son of Josiphiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
EZR 8 10 ex7w translate-names שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית...יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 10 ex7w translate-names שְׁלוֹמִ֖ית…יוֹסִפְיָ֑ה 1 160 males These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 10 y254 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מֵאָ֥ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֖ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 160 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 160 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 10 y254 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מֵאָ֥ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֖ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 160 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 160 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 11 s7ng figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י בֵבַ֔י זְכַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bebai, Zechariah the son of Bebai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 11 s7ng figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י בֵבַ֔י זְכַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bebai, Zechariah the son of Bebai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 11 2wsh translate-names בֵבַ֔י זְכַרְיָ֖ה...בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 11 2wsh translate-names בֵבַ֔י זְכַרְיָ֖ה…בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 11 w892 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 twenty-eight See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 28 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 11 w892 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 twenty-eight See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 28 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 12 a3dx figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עַזְגָּ֔ד יוֹחָנָ֖ן בֶּן־הַ⁠קָּטָ֑ן 1 of the sons of Azgad, Johanan son of Hakkatan Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Azgad, Johanan the son of Hakkatan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 12 a3dx figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עַזְגָּ֔ד יוֹחָנָ֖ן בֶּן־הַ⁠קָּטָ֑ן 1 of the sons of Azgad, Johanan son of Hakkatan Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**, but **son** most likely means a biological son. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Azgad, Johanan the son of Hakkatan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 12 z7xc translate-names עַזְגָּ֔ד יוֹחָנָ֖ן…הַ⁠קָּטָ֑ן 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 12 z7xc translate-names עַזְגָּ֔ד יוֹחָנָ֖ן…הַ⁠קָּטָ֑ן 1 General Information: These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 12 j4bn figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him 110 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 110 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 12 j4bn figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him 110 males See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 110 men from his clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 13 rzr8 וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיקָם֮ אַחֲרֹנִים֒ וְ⁠אֵ֣לֶּה שְׁמוֹתָ֔⁠ם אֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט יְעִיאֵ֣ל וּֽ⁠שְׁמַעְיָ֑ה 1 of the sons of Adonikam The implication is that some descendants of Adonikam still remained in Babylon even after a large number of his descendants returned to Judah with Zerubbabel, as [2:13](../02/13.md) describes. So here the term **last** means **remaining**. A further implication is that the clan leader was now in Judah, so that the names provided are instead of family leaders who led this group on its return. Alternate translation: “And from the descendants of Adonikam who still remained in Babylon, the family leaders Eliphelet, Jeuel, and Shemaiah” EZR 8 13 rzr8 וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיקָם֮ אַחֲרֹנִים֒ וְ⁠אֵ֣לֶּה שְׁמוֹתָ֔⁠ם אֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט יְעִיאֵ֣ל וּֽ⁠שְׁמַעְיָ֑ה 1 of the sons of Adonikam The implication is that some descendants of Adonikam still remained in Babylon even after a large number of his descendants returned to Judah with Zerubbabel, as [2:13](../02/13.md) describes. So here the term **last** means **remaining**. A further implication is that the clan leader was now in Judah, so that the names provided are instead of family leaders who led this group on its return. Alternate translation: “And from the descendants of Adonikam who still remained in Babylon, the family leaders Eliphelet, Jeuel, and Shemaiah”
EZR 8 13 k1ic translate-names אֲדֹנִיקָם֮...אֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט יְעִיאֵ֣ל וּֽ⁠שְׁמַעְיָ֑ה 1 Adonikam These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 13 k1ic translate-names אֲדֹנִיקָם֮…אֱלִיפֶ֖לֶט יְעִיאֵ֣ל וּֽ⁠שְׁמַעְיָ֑ה 1 Adonikam These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 13 hu49 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמָּ⁠הֶ֖ם שִׁשִּׁ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 sixty See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 60 men from their clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 13 hu49 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמָּ⁠הֶ֖ם שִׁשִּׁ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 sixty See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. Alternate translation: “along with 60 men from their clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 14 p7ej figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י בִגְוַ֖י עוּתַ֣י וְזַכּ֑וּר 1 Bigvai **Sons** here figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bigvai, Uthai and Zaccur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 14 p7ej figs-metaphor וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י בִגְוַ֖י עוּתַ֣י וְזַכּ֑וּר 1 Bigvai **Sons** here figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “From the descendants of Bigvai, Uthai and Zaccur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 14 we81 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שִׁבְעִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 seventy See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. **Him** actually refers to both Uthai and Zaccur, so you can use a plural pronoun in your translation if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “along with 300 men from their clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 8 14 we81 figs-explicit וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שִׁבְעִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 seventy See the note to [8:3](../08/03.md) about this expression. **Him** actually refers to both Uthai and Zaccur, so you can use a plural pronoun in your translation if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “along with 300 men from their clan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -894,16 +894,16 @@ EZR 8 18 kbq4 grammar-connect-logic-result וַ⁠יָּבִ֨יאּוּ 1 Sher
EZR 8 18 a7cr figs-metaphor כְּ⁠יַד־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ הַ⁠טּוֹבָ֤ה עָלֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ 1 So they sent to us by the good hand of our God a man As in the expression **according to the good hand of his God upon him** in [7:9](../07/09.md), **hand** figuratively represents power and control, and the expression indicates that God showed Ezra favor and helped him on this occasion. Alternate translation: “because our God was helping us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 18 a7cr figs-metaphor כְּ⁠יַד־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ הַ⁠טּוֹבָ֤ה עָלֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ 1 So they sent to us by the good hand of our God a man As in the expression **according to the good hand of his God upon him** in [7:9](../07/09.md), **hand** figuratively represents power and control, and the expression indicates that God showed Ezra favor and helped him on this occasion. Alternate translation: “because our God was helping us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 18 kue1 figs-metaphor אִ֣ישׁ שֶׂ֔כֶל 1 a man of understanding Here, the ability to **see into** things figuratively means to have good judgment. Alternate translation: “decided” Alternate translation: “a very prudent man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 18 kue1 figs-metaphor אִ֣ישׁ שֶׂ֔כֶל 1 a man of understanding Here, the ability to **see into** things figuratively means to have good judgment. Alternate translation: “decided” Alternate translation: “a very prudent man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 18 o1sr figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י מַחְלִ֔י בֶּן־לֵוִ֖י בֶּן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֛ה 1 a man of understanding **Sons** figuratively means **descendants** in reference to Mahli, since he was a distant ancestor of the group that Sherebiah belonged to. **Son** figuratively means **descendant** when applied to Levi, since Mahli was actually his grandson. But Levi actually was the biological son of Israel. Alternate translation: “named Sherebiah, one of the descendants of Mahli, the grandson of Levi, the son of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 18 o1sr figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י מַחְלִ֔י בֶּן־לֵוִ֖י בֶּן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֛ה 1 a man of understanding **Sons** figuratively means **descendants** in reference to Mahli, since he was a distant ancestor of the group that Sherebiah belonged to. **Son** figuratively means **descendant** when applied to Levi, since Mahli was actually his grandson. But Levi actually was the biological son of Israel. Alternate translation: “named Sherebiah, one of the descendants of Mahli, the grandson of Levi, the son of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 18 d8n9 translate-names מַחְלִ֔י...לֵוִ֖י...יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֛ה 1 the son of Levi, the son of Israel These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 18 d8n9 translate-names מַחְלִ֔י…לֵוִ֖י…יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֛ה 1 the son of Levi, the son of Israel These are the names of four men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 18 pp9z figs-metaphor וּ⁠בָנָ֥י⁠ו וְ⁠אֶחָ֖י⁠ו שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָֽׂר 1 eighteen Since this was a small group of related people, it is quite possible that it consisted largely if not entirely of Sherebiah’s actual sons and brothers. So you could decide to treat the terms as literal in your translation. On the other hand, they could also be figurative, with **sons** meaning **descendants** and **brothers** meaning **relatives**. Alternate translation: “along with 18 of his sons and brothers” or “along with 18 of his descendants and relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 18 pp9z figs-metaphor וּ⁠בָנָ֥י⁠ו וְ⁠אֶחָ֖י⁠ו שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָֽׂר 1 eighteen Since this was a small group of related people, it is quite possible that it consisted largely if not entirely of Sherebiah’s actual sons and brothers. So you could decide to treat the terms as literal in your translation. On the other hand, they could also be figurative, with **sons** meaning **descendants** and **brothers** meaning **relatives**. Alternate translation: “along with 18 of his sons and brothers” or “along with 18 of his descendants and relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 19 vsm6 figs-metaphor וְ⁠אֶת־חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה וְ⁠אִתּ֥⁠וֹ יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִ֑י 1 Hashabiah…Merari Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They also sent us Hashabiah and Jeshaiah, from the descendants of Merari” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 19 vsm6 figs-metaphor וְ⁠אֶת־חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה וְ⁠אִתּ֥⁠וֹ יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִ֑י 1 Hashabiah…Merari Here, **sons** figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “They also sent us Hashabiah and Jeshaiah, from the descendants of Merari” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 19 mf7n translate-names חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה...יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה...מְרָרִ֑י 1 Jeshaiah These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 19 mf7n translate-names חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה…יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה…מְרָרִ֑י 1 Jeshaiah These are the names of three men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 19 bwf7 figs-metaphor אֶחָ֥י⁠ו וּ⁠בְנֵי⁠הֶ֖ם 1 twenty This most likely means the brothers of Jeshaiah and the sonso of Jeshaiah and his brothers. Since, as in [8:18](../08/18.md), this is a small group of related people, you could decide to treat the terms **brothers** and **sons** as either literal or figurative. Alternate translation: “along with his brothers and their sons” or “along with his relatives and their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 19 bwf7 figs-metaphor אֶחָ֥י⁠ו וּ⁠בְנֵי⁠הֶ֖ם 1 twenty This most likely means the brothers of Jeshaiah and the sonso of Jeshaiah and his brothers. Since, as in [8:18](../08/18.md), this is a small group of related people, you could decide to treat the terms **brothers** and **sons** as either literal or figurative. Alternate translation: “along with his brothers and their sons” or “along with his relatives and their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 20 f9pd translate-names נְתִינִ֖ים מָאתַ֣יִם וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֑ים 1 officials See how you translated this term in [2:43](../02/43.md). Review the explanation in the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “220 temple servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 20 f9pd translate-names נְתִינִ֖ים מָאתַ֣יִם וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֑ים 1 officials See how you translated this term in [2:43](../02/43.md). Review the explanation in the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “220 temple servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 20 ahh3 writing-background וּ⁠מִן־הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֗ים שֶׁ⁠נָּתַ֨ן דָּוִ֤יד וְ⁠הַ⁠שָּׂרִים֙ לַ⁠עֲבֹדַ֣ת הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם 1 officials Here, Ezra provides some background information to help identify who the Nethinim were. Alternate translation: “They were from the group of people whom David and his officials had assigned to help the Levites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) EZR 8 20 ahh3 writing-background וּ⁠מִן־הַ⁠נְּתִינִ֗ים שֶׁ⁠נָּתַ֨ן דָּוִ֤יד וְ⁠הַ⁠שָּׂרִים֙ לַ⁠עֲבֹדַ֣ת הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם 1 officials Here, Ezra provides some background information to help identify who the Nethinim were. Alternate translation: “They were from the group of people whom David and his officials had assigned to help the Levites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
EZR 8 20 mi4i figs-activepassive כֻּלָּ֖⁠ם נִקְּב֥וּ בְ⁠שֵׁמֽוֹת 1 officials If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I recorded the name of each one of them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 8 20 mi4i figs-activepassive כֻּלָּ֖⁠ם נִקְּב֥וּ בְ⁠שֵׁמֽוֹת 1 officials If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “I recorded the name of each one of them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 8 21 bcl6 grammar-connect-time-sequential וָ⁠אֶקְרָ֨א 1 the river Ahava This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the event it has just described. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 8 21 bcl6 grammar-connect-time-sequential וָ⁠אֶקְרָ֨א 1 the river Ahava This word indicates that the event the story will now relate came after the event it has just described. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 8 21 c4b8 translate-symaction צוֹם֙...לְ⁠הִתְעַנּ֖וֹת 1 the river Ahava The travelers would be afflicting themselves, that is, making themselves suffer, by denying themselves food. This was a gesture of humility and an expression that seeking God’s help was more important to them even than eating. Alternate translation: “a time of going without eating … to humble ourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) EZR 8 21 c4b8 translate-symaction צוֹם֙…לְ⁠הִתְעַנּ֖וֹת 1 the river Ahava The travelers would be afflicting themselves, that is, making themselves suffer, by denying themselves food. This was a gesture of humility and an expression that seeking God’s help was more important to them even than eating. Alternate translation: “a time of going without eating…to humble ourselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZR 8 21 zh8n translate-names הַ⁠נָּהָ֣ר אַהֲוָ֔א 1 the river Ahava See how you translated this name in [8:15](../08/15.md). Alternate translation: “the Ahava River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 8 21 zh8n translate-names הַ⁠נָּהָ֣ר אַהֲוָ֔א 1 the river Ahava See how you translated this name in [8:15](../08/15.md). Alternate translation: “the Ahava River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 21 4aiq figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 the river Ahava Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of a person. Alternate translation: “in the presence of our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 8 21 4aiq figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 the river Ahava Here, **face** figuratively represents the presence of a person. Alternate translation: “in the presence of our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 21 sq2q figs-metaphor לְ⁠בַקֵּ֤שׁ מִמֶּ֨⁠נּוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֔ה לָ֥⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠טַפֵּ֖⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠כָל־רְכוּשֵֽׁ⁠נוּ 1 to seek a straight way from him for us and our little ones, and all our possessions The word **seek** represents asking God to do something for them. A **straight way** figuratively represents safety during travel. Alternate translation: “to ask God to protect us, our children, and all our possessions while we traveled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 8 21 sq2q figs-metaphor לְ⁠בַקֵּ֤שׁ מִמֶּ֨⁠נּוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֔ה לָ֥⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠טַפֵּ֖⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠כָל־רְכוּשֵֽׁ⁠נוּ 1 to seek a straight way from him for us and our little ones, and all our possessions The word **seek** represents asking God to do something for them. A **straight way** figuratively represents safety during travel. Alternate translation: “to ask God to protect us, our children, and all our possessions while we traveled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -976,8 +976,8 @@ EZR 8 36 d38g figs-metaphor וְ⁠נִשְּׂא֥וּ אֶת־הָ⁠עָ֖ם
EZR 9 intro k1yz 0 # Ezra 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage<br>When Ezra found out that many Jews had married Gentile wives, he prayed to God and asked God why he had been so good to them by letting these few people return from captivity even though they sinned by marrying Gentile wives. They did this before and God had punished them for it. God forbid this type of marriage because it caused the people to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]]) EZR 9 intro k1yz 0 # Ezra 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage<br>When Ezra found out that many Jews had married Gentile wives, he prayed to God and asked God why he had been so good to them by letting these few people return from captivity even though they sinned by marrying Gentile wives. They did this before and God had punished them for it. God forbid this type of marriage because it caused the people to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
EZR 9 1 ella grammar-connect-time-sequential וּ⁠כְ⁠כַלּ֣וֹת אֵ֗לֶּה 1 have not separated themselves This phrase indicates that the events the story will now relate came right after the events it has just described. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]]) EZR 9 1 ella grammar-connect-time-sequential וּ⁠כְ⁠כַלּ֣וֹת אֵ֗לֶּה 1 have not separated themselves This phrase indicates that the events the story will now relate came right after the events it has just described. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this relationship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
EZR 9 1 on7w figs-explicit הַ⁠שָּׂרִים֙ 1 have not separated themselves These appear to be the same **leaders** as in [8:29](../08/29.md), that is, clan leaders. But this is not a reference to all of them, since the ones who come to Ezra say that some of their fellow leaders have married foreign women. Alternate translation: “some of the clan leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 9 1 on7w figs-explicit הַ⁠שָּׂרִים֙ 1 have not separated themselves These appear to be the same **leaders** as in [8:29](../08/29.md), that is, clan leaders. But this is not a reference to all of them, since the ones who come to Ezra say that some of their fellow leaders have married foreign women. Alternate translation: “some of the clan leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 9 1 krhd figs-quotemarks נִגְּשׁ֨וּ אֵלַ֤⁠י...לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 have not separated themselves After this phrase Ezra begins to quote what these clan leaders told him. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 9 1 krhd figs-quotemarks נִגְּשׁ֨וּ אֵלַ֤⁠י…לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 have not separated themselves After this phrase Ezra begins to quote what these clan leaders told him. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 9 1 kb76 figs-metaphor לֹֽא־נִבְדְּל֞וּ...מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת 1 have not separated themselves Separation here is a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] for behavior. As in [6:21](../06/21.md), it means to refuse to do the same things as another group. Alternate translation: “have not refused to do the things that the other people groups living in the land do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 1 kb76 figs-metaphor לֹֽא־נִבְדְּל֞וּ…מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת 1 have not separated themselves Separation here is a spatial [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] for behavior. As in [6:21](../06/21.md), it means to refuse to do the same things as another group. Alternate translation: “have not refused to do the things that the other people groups living in the land do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 1 6gdv figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת כְּ֠⁠תוֹעֲבֹֽתֵי⁠הֶם 1 have not separated themselves While the similar phrase in [6:21](../06/21.md) spoke of **uncleanness**, that is, things that God does not accept, the phrase here speaks of **abominations**, that is, things that God cannot stand. Alternate translation: “the things that the other people groups living in the land do that God cannot stand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 9 1 6gdv figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת כְּ֠⁠תוֹעֲבֹֽתֵי⁠הֶם 1 have not separated themselves While the similar phrase in [6:21](../06/21.md) spoke of **uncleanness**, that is, things that God does not accept, the phrase here speaks of **abominations**, that is, things that God cannot stand. Alternate translation: “the things that the other people groups living in the land do that God cannot stand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 9 1 30xi figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת 1 have not separated themselves See how you translated this expression in [3:3](../03/03.md). It refers to members of other people groups who were living in and around the province of Judah. Alternate translation: “the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 9 1 30xi figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת 1 have not separated themselves See how you translated this expression in [3:3](../03/03.md). It refers to members of other people groups who were living in and around the province of Judah. Alternate translation: “the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 9 1 wnt5 translate-names לַ⁠כְּנַעֲנִ֨י הַ⁠חִתִּ֜י הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֣י הַ⁠יְבוּסִ֗י הָֽ⁠עַמֹּנִי֙ הַ⁠מֹּ֣אָבִ֔י הַ⁠מִּצְרִ֖י וְ⁠הָ⁠אֱמֹרִֽי 1 have not separated themselves These are the names of eight people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 9 1 wnt5 translate-names לַ⁠כְּנַעֲנִ֨י הַ⁠חִתִּ֜י הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֣י הַ⁠יְבוּסִ֗י הָֽ⁠עַמֹּנִי֙ הַ⁠מֹּ֣אָבִ֔י הַ⁠מִּצְרִ֖י וְ⁠הָ⁠אֱמֹרִֽי 1 have not separated themselves These are the names of eight people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
@ -995,7 +995,7 @@ EZR 9 2 yn4s figs-quotemarks בַּ⁠מַּ֥עַל הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה 1 have no
EZR 9 3 ck87 translate-symaction קָרַ֥עְתִּי אֶת־בִּגְדִ֖⁠י וּ⁠מְעִילִ֑⁠י וָ⁠אֶמְרְטָ֞⁠ה מִ⁠שְּׂעַ֤ר רֹאשִׁ⁠י֙ וּ⁠זְקָנִ֔⁠י וָ⁠אֵשְׁבָ֖⁠ה מְשׁוֹמֵֽם 1 I tore my clothing and my robe and pulled out hair from my head and beard By performing these actions, Ezra was demonstrating symbolically how serious a wrong the Israelites had committed. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “To show how wrong it was for the Israelites to have married foreign women, I tore my tunic and my cloak, I pulled out some hair from my head and my beard, and I sat down stunned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) EZR 9 3 ck87 translate-symaction קָרַ֥עְתִּי אֶת־בִּגְדִ֖⁠י וּ⁠מְעִילִ֑⁠י וָ⁠אֶמְרְטָ֞⁠ה מִ⁠שְּׂעַ֤ר רֹאשִׁ⁠י֙ וּ⁠זְקָנִ֔⁠י וָ⁠אֵשְׁבָ֖⁠ה מְשׁוֹמֵֽם 1 I tore my clothing and my robe and pulled out hair from my head and beard By performing these actions, Ezra was demonstrating symbolically how serious a wrong the Israelites had committed. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “To show how wrong it was for the Israelites to have married foreign women, I tore my tunic and my cloak, I pulled out some hair from my head and my beard, and I sat down stunned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZR 9 3 qhy7 מְשׁוֹמֵֽם 1 When I heard this matter The sense of this word is that Ezra was so overwhelmed with shock and horror that he did not move or speak. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this. Alternate translation: “stunned” EZR 9 3 qhy7 מְשׁוֹמֵֽם 1 When I heard this matter The sense of this word is that Ezra was so overwhelmed with shock and horror that he did not move or speak. In your translation, you can use the expression in your language that would best indicate this. Alternate translation: “stunned”
EZR 9 4 k68j figs-activepassive וְ⁠אֵלַ֣⁠י יֵאָסְפ֗וּ כֹּ֤ל חָרֵד֙ בְּ⁠דִבְרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone came and joined me who was just as distressed as I was about the way the Jews who had returned from exile had disobeyed the commandments of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) EZR 9 4 k68j figs-activepassive וְ⁠אֵלַ֣⁠י יֵאָסְפ֗וּ כֹּ֤ל חָרֵד֙ בְּ⁠דִבְרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone came and joined me who was just as distressed as I was about the way the Jews who had returned from exile had disobeyed the commandments of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 9 4 0svq figs-metaphor כֹּ֤ל חָרֵד֙ 1 the evening sacrifice Often in the Old Testament **tremble** is a [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] meaning to regard someone or something with respect and reverential fear. That is likely included in the meaning here, but in this context, the expression also seems to indicate an actual physical response to the situation, just as Ezra did not move or speak. Alternate translation: “everyone … who was distressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 4 0svq figs-metaphor כֹּ֤ל חָרֵד֙ 1 the evening sacrifice Often in the Old Testament **tremble** is a [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] meaning to regard someone or something with respect and reverential fear. That is likely included in the meaning here, but in this context, the expression also seems to indicate an actual physical response to the situation, just as Ezra did not move or speak. Alternate translation: “everyone…who was distressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 4 adr0 figs-metaphor בְּ⁠דִבְרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 the evening sacrifice This phrase does not refer to something that God said on this occasion. Rather, it refers figuratively to the commandment that God had given to the Israelites earlier not to intermarry with foreign groups, which Ezra cites in his prayer in [9:10](../09/10.md) and [9:11](../09/11.md). Alternate translation: “the commandments of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 4 adr0 figs-metaphor בְּ⁠דִבְרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 the evening sacrifice This phrase does not refer to something that God said on this occasion. Rather, it refers figuratively to the commandment that God had given to the Israelites earlier not to intermarry with foreign groups, which Ezra cites in his prayer in [9:10](../09/10.md) and [9:11](../09/11.md). Alternate translation: “the commandments of the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 4 sfvr figs-abstractnouns עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice The abstract noun **exiles** refers in this context to the Jews who had returned to their homeland from Babylon. Here, **the exile** seems to be equivalent to the longer phrase **the sons of the exile** in several other places in the book. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “because of the way the Jews who had returned to their homeland had disobeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) EZR 9 4 sfvr figs-abstractnouns עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice The abstract noun **exiles** refers in this context to the Jews who had returned to their homeland from Babylon. Here, **the exile** seems to be equivalent to the longer phrase **the sons of the exile** in several other places in the book. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate the idea behind this term with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “because of the way the Jews who had returned to their homeland had disobeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 9 4 9s46 figs-metaphor עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice As in [9:2](../09/02.md), **unfaithfulness** figuratively means disobedience. Alternate translation: “because of the way the Jews who had returned to their homeland had disobeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 4 9s46 figs-metaphor עַ֖ל מַ֣עַל הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֑ה 1 the evening sacrifice As in [9:2](../09/02.md), **unfaithfulness** figuratively means disobedience. Alternate translation: “because of the way the Jews who had returned to their homeland had disobeyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ EZR 9 5 4ygv translate-symaction מִ⁠תַּֽעֲנִיתִ֔⁠י וּ⁠ב
EZR 9 5 qye1 translate-symaction וָֽ⁠אֶכְרְעָ⁠ה֙ עַל־בִּרְכַּ֔⁠י וָ⁠אֶפְרְשָׂ֥⁠ה כַפַּ֖⁠י אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽ⁠י 1 knelt down on my knees, and spread out my hands These two physical gestures showed publicly that Ezra was going to pray. Alternate translation: “I knelt down and spread out my hands in a gesture of prayer to Yahweh my God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) EZR 9 5 qye1 translate-symaction וָֽ⁠אֶכְרְעָ⁠ה֙ עַל־בִּרְכַּ֔⁠י וָ⁠אֶפְרְשָׂ֥⁠ה כַפַּ֖⁠י אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽ⁠י 1 knelt down on my knees, and spread out my hands These two physical gestures showed publicly that Ezra was going to pray. Alternate translation: “I knelt down and spread out my hands in a gesture of prayer to Yahweh my God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZR 9 6 y5xu figs-quotemarks וָ⁠אֹמְרָ֗⁠ה 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens After this phrase Ezra begins to quote what he said out loud in prayer on this occasion. The quotation continues through [9:15](../09/15.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 9 6 y5xu figs-quotemarks וָ⁠אֹמְרָ֗⁠ה 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens After this phrase Ezra begins to quote what he said out loud in prayer on this occasion. The quotation continues through [9:15](../09/15.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 9 6 yz8d figs-doublet בֹּ֣שְׁתִּי וְ⁠נִכְלַ֔מְתִּי 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens **Ashamed** and **disgraced** mean similar things. Ezra uses them together to emphasize how humiliated he feels by what the Israelites have done. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms into a single expression. Alternate translation: “deeply humiliated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) EZR 9 6 yz8d figs-doublet בֹּ֣שְׁתִּי וְ⁠נִכְלַ֔מְתִּי 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens **Ashamed** and **disgraced** mean similar things. Ezra uses them together to emphasize how humiliated he feels by what the Israelites have done. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these terms into a single expression. Alternate translation: “deeply humiliated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
EZR 9 6 xiue figs-metaphor לְ⁠הָרִ֧ים...פָּנַ֖⁠י אֵלֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens This means **to look at you directly** or **to look at you face to face**, and since Ezra could not do that literally with God, it is a figurative way of saying **to address you**. Alternate translation: “even to speak to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 6 xiue figs-metaphor לְ⁠הָרִ֧ים…פָּנַ֖⁠י אֵלֶ֑י⁠ךָ 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens This means **to look at you directly** or **to look at you face to face**, and since Ezra could not do that literally with God, it is a figurative way of saying **to address you**. Alternate translation: “even to speak to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 6 aca6 figs-parallelism כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֥⁠נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens These two phrases mean similar things. Ezra uses the repetition to emphasize how guilty the people of Israel are. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that our guilt over them is overwhelming us” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The first phrase speaks of the effects of these sins on the Israelites, while the second phrase speaks of their effects on their standing with God. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that they are overwhelming us, and we know that they are making us guilty before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 9 6 aca6 figs-parallelism כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֥⁠נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens These two phrases mean similar things. Ezra uses the repetition to emphasize how guilty the people of Israel are. You do not need to repeat both phrases in your translation if that might be confusing for your readers. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that our guilt over them is overwhelming us” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The first phrase speaks of the effects of these sins on the Israelites, while the second phrase speaks of their effects on their standing with God. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that they are overwhelming us, and we know that they are making us guilty before you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 9 6 7xnk grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֥⁠נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this sentence first in the verse, since it gives the reason for the results that the previous sentence describes. You could show the connection by using a word like “so” after this phrase. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that they are overwhelming us, and we know that they are making us guilty before you. And so …” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 9 6 7xnk grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֥⁠נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this sentence first in the verse, since it gives the reason for the results that the previous sentence describes. You could show the connection by using a word like “so” after this phrase. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins that they are overwhelming us, and we know that they are making us guilty before you. And so …” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 9 6 krv9 figs-metaphor עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens **Multiplied** here, means to become much greater in number. Ezra uses that expression figuratively to describe how serious the sins of the Israelites are. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 6 krv9 figs-metaphor עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens **Multiplied** here, means to become much greater in number. Ezra uses that expression figuratively to describe how serious the sins of the Israelites are. Alternate translation: “We have committed such great sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1037,8 +1037,8 @@ EZR 9 8 jjw0 figs-123person בִּ⁠מְק֣וֹם קָדְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 grac
EZR 9 8 q90t בִּ⁠מְק֣וֹם קָדְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Ezra speaks of the **peg** figuratively as if it were in God’s temple, likely because God was considered to be present there. Alternate translation: “in your presence” EZR 9 8 q90t בִּ⁠מְק֣וֹם קָדְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Ezra speaks of the **peg** figuratively as if it were in God’s temple, likely because God was considered to be present there. Alternate translation: “in your presence”
EZR 9 8 lst9 figs-metonymy בִּ⁠מְק֣וֹם קָדְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Ezra may be speaking of the presence of God figuratively by association to mean the protection of God. Alternate translation: “under your protection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) EZR 9 8 lst9 figs-metonymy בִּ⁠מְק֣וֹם קָדְשׁ֑⁠וֹ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Ezra may be speaking of the presence of God figuratively by association to mean the protection of God. Alternate translation: “under your protection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 9 8 h7p2 grammar-connect-logic-result לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God This word indicates that the phrase it introduces explains the results of what the previous phrases have described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 9 8 h7p2 grammar-connect-logic-result לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God This word indicates that the phrase it introduces explains the results of what the previous phrases have described. Alternate translation: “as a result” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 9 8 91ad figs-123person לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר...אֱלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Here again Ezra speaks of God in the third person. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words in the second person. Alternate translation: “so that you, our God, could” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) EZR 9 8 91ad figs-123person לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר…אֱלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Here again Ezra speaks of God in the third person. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words in the second person. Alternate translation: “so that you, our God, could” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
EZR 9 8 gg6p figs-parallelism לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר עֵינֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙...וּ⁠לְ⁠תִתֵּ֛⁠נוּ מִֽחְיָ֥ה מְעַ֖ט בְּ⁠עַבְדֻתֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God These two phrases mean similar things. Ezra uses the repetition to emphasize how merciful God has been to the community of returned exiles. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “enable our community to thrive a little even under foreign domination” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase says more specifically how God has accomplished what the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “give us a new vitality by giving us greater freedom even though we are under foreign domination” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 9 8 gg6p figs-parallelism לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר עֵינֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙…וּ⁠לְ⁠תִתֵּ֛⁠נוּ מִֽחְיָ֥ה מְעַ֖ט בְּ⁠עַבְדֻתֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God These two phrases mean similar things. Ezra uses the repetition to emphasize how merciful God has been to the community of returned exiles. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “enable our community to thrive a little even under foreign domination” However, there is a slight difference in meaning, and you could also choose to bring that out in your translation. The second phrase says more specifically how God has accomplished what the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “give us a new vitality by giving us greater freedom even though we are under foreign domination” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 9 8 fzoq figs-metaphor לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר עֵינֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God To brighten the eyes of a person means figuratively to give them a new vitality. Alternate translation: “give us a new vitality” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 9 8 fzoq figs-metaphor לְ⁠הָאִ֤יר עֵינֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God To brighten the eyes of a person means figuratively to give them a new vitality. Alternate translation: “give us a new vitality” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 8 54s0 figs-explicit וּ⁠לְ⁠תִתֵּ֛⁠נוּ מִֽחְיָ֥ה מְעַ֖ט בְּ⁠עַבְדֻתֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Since Ezra says that God has made the community figuratively more alive **in our bondage**, he seems to be referring implicitly to the greater measure of freedom that King Artaxerxes has allowed them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by giving us greater freedom even though we are under foreign domination” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 9 8 54s0 figs-explicit וּ⁠לְ⁠תִתֵּ֛⁠נוּ מִֽחְיָ֥ה מְעַ֖ט בְּ⁠עַבְדֻתֵֽ⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God Since Ezra says that God has made the community figuratively more alive **in our bondage**, he seems to be referring implicitly to the greater measure of freedom that King Artaxerxes has allowed them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by giving us greater freedom even though we are under foreign domination” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 9 9 psz0 figs-litotes לֹ֥א עֲזָבָ֖⁠נוּ אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 but he extended covenant faithfulness to us Here, Ezra uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “our God has continued to help us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) EZR 9 9 psz0 figs-litotes לֹ֥א עֲזָבָ֖⁠נוּ אֱלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 but he extended covenant faithfulness to us Here, Ezra uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “our God has continued to help us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ EZR 9 15 lh5h figs-metonymy לְ⁠פָנֶ֨י⁠ךָ֙ 1 no one can stand befo
EZR 9 15 el20 figs-idiom אֵ֥ין לַ⁠עֲמ֛וֹד לְ⁠פָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ 1 no one can stand before you because of this To **stand** is a Hebrew idiom meaning to be acquitted. (For example, in Psalm 130:3, “If you, Yahweh, would mark iniquities, Lord, who could stand?” and Psalm 1:5, “The wicked will not stand in the judgment.”) Alternate translation: “none of us can plead any grounds for acquittal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 9 15 el20 figs-idiom אֵ֥ין לַ⁠עֲמ֛וֹד לְ⁠פָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ 1 no one can stand before you because of this To **stand** is a Hebrew idiom meaning to be acquitted. (For example, in Psalm 130:3, “If you, Yahweh, would mark iniquities, Lord, who could stand?” and Psalm 1:5, “The wicked will not stand in the judgment.”) Alternate translation: “none of us can plead any grounds for acquittal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 9 15 8lk8 figs-quotemarks לְ⁠פָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ 1 no one can stand before you because of this This is the end of Ezra’s quotation of the prayer that he prayed on this occasion. If you decided in [9:6](../09/06.md) to mark his words as a direct quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 9 15 8lk8 figs-quotemarks לְ⁠פָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ 1 no one can stand before you because of this This is the end of Ezra’s quotation of the prayer that he prayed on this occasion. If you decided in [9:6](../09/06.md) to mark his words as a direct quotation, you should indicate that ending here with a closing primary quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 10 intro ah4y 0 # Ezra 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriages<br>The people agree to divorce their Gentile wives. Many Jews were involved in these mixed marriages. Divorce should not normally have been common for the Jews to engage in, but marriage with non-Jewish women was not allowed. EZR 10 intro ah4y 0 # Ezra 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriages<br>The people agree to divorce their Gentile wives. Many Jews were involved in these mixed marriages. Divorce should not normally have been common for the Jews to engage in, but marriage with non-Jewish women was not allowed.
EZR 10 1 ufb1 grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠כְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֤ל עֶזְרָא֙ וּ⁠כְ֨⁠הִתְוַדֹּת֔⁠וֹ...נִקְבְּצוּ֩ אֵלָ֨י⁠ו מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֜ל קָהָ֣ל רַב־מְאֹ֗ד...כִּֽי־בָכ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֖ם הַרְבֵּה־בֶֽכֶה 1 As Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself down If it would be clearer in your language, you could put the last sentence in the verse before the second phrase of the first sentence, since it gives the reason for the results that phrase describes. You could also show the connection by using a phrase like “and so.” Alternate translation: “While Ezra was praying this prayer of confession, the people began to weep very bitterly because they realized that they had sinned and were guilty. And so a very large crowd of Israelites … gathered to him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) EZR 10 1 ufb1 grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠כְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֤ל עֶזְרָא֙ וּ⁠כְ֨⁠הִתְוַדֹּת֔⁠וֹ…נִקְבְּצוּ֩ אֵלָ֨י⁠ו מִ⁠יִּשְׂרָאֵ֜ל קָהָ֣ל רַב־מְאֹ֗ד…כִּֽי־בָכ֥וּ הָ⁠עָ֖ם הַרְבֵּה־בֶֽכֶה 1 As Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself down If it would be clearer in your language, you could put the last sentence in the verse before the second phrase of the first sentence, since it gives the reason for the results that phrase describes. You could also show the connection by using a phrase like “and so.” Alternate translation: “While Ezra was praying this prayer of confession, the people began to weep very bitterly because they realized that they had sinned and were guilty. And so a very large crowd of Israelites…gathered to him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EZR 10 1 elvd figs-parallelism וּ⁠כְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֤ל עֶזְרָא֙ וּ⁠כְ֨⁠הִתְוַדֹּת֔⁠וֹ 1 As Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself down These two phrases mean similar things. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “while Ezra was praying this prayer of confession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) EZR 10 1 elvd figs-parallelism וּ⁠כְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֤ל עֶזְרָא֙ וּ⁠כְ֨⁠הִתְוַדֹּת֔⁠וֹ 1 As Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself down These two phrases mean similar things. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “while Ezra was praying this prayer of confession” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EZR 10 1 ekt7 translate-symaction וּ⁠מִתְנַפֵּ֔ל לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 throwing himself down By falling down onto the ground in front of the temple, Ezra was symbolically pleading with God, who was considered to be present in the temple, the way a supplicant would get down with his face on the ground to plead with a powerful person in this culture. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “pleading with God by falling down onto the ground in front of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) EZR 10 1 ekt7 translate-symaction וּ⁠מִתְנַפֵּ֔ל לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 throwing himself down By falling down onto the ground in front of the temple, Ezra was symbolically pleading with God, who was considered to be present in the temple, the way a supplicant would get down with his face on the ground to plead with a powerful person in this culture. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “pleading with God by falling down onto the ground in front of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
EZR 10 1 vcs1 figs-metaphor לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 before the house of God Here, **face** figuratively means the front of a place. Alternate translation: “in front of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 1 vcs1 figs-metaphor לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 before the house of God Here, **face** figuratively means the front of a place. Alternate translation: “in front of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ EZR 10 2 ygp9 grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠יַּעַן֩ 1 Shekaniah
EZR 10 2 zx9r translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֨ה בֶן־יְחִיאֵ֜ל 1 Shekaniah Shekaniah is the name of a man, and Jehiel is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 10 2 zx9r translate-names שְׁכַנְיָ֨ה בֶן־יְחִיאֵ֜ל 1 Shekaniah Shekaniah is the name of a man, and Jehiel is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 2 at6v figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֤י עֵילָם֙ 1 Jehiel **Sons** here figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “one of the descendants of Elam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 2 at6v figs-metaphor מִ⁠בְּנֵ֤י עֵילָם֙ 1 Jehiel **Sons** here figuratively means **descendants**. Alternate translation: “one of the descendants of Elam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 10 2 v7rt translate-names עֵילָם֙ 1 Jehiel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 10 2 v7rt translate-names עֵילָם֙ 1 Jehiel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 2 hqgs figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּעַן֩...וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר 1 Jehiel Here, the book expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. Together the two words mean that Shekaniah responded to the situation that the Jews were facing. Alternate translation: “responded” (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) EZR 10 2 hqgs figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּעַן֩…וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר 1 Jehiel Here, the book expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. Together the two words mean that Shekaniah responded to the situation that the Jews were facing. Alternate translation: “responded” (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
EZR 10 2 9bo8 figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר לְ⁠עֶזְרָ֔א 1 Jehiel After this phrase the book begins to quote what Shekaniah said to Ezra. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 10 2 9bo8 figs-quotemarks וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר לְ⁠עֶזְרָ֔א 1 Jehiel After this phrase the book begins to quote what Shekaniah said to Ezra. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 10 2 af7v figs-metaphor אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ מָעַ֣לְנוּ בֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 We have been unfaithful to our God As in [9:2](../09/02.md) and [9:4](../09/04.md), **unfaithfulness** figuratively means disobedience. Alternate translation: “We ourselves have disobeyed our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 2 af7v figs-metaphor אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ מָעַ֣לְנוּ בֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 We have been unfaithful to our God As in [9:2](../09/02.md) and [9:4](../09/04.md), **unfaithfulness** figuratively means disobedience. Alternate translation: “We ourselves have disobeyed our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 10 2 jfau figs-idiom וַ⁠נֹּ֛שֶׁב נָשִׁ֥ים נָכְרִיּ֖וֹת מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 We have been unfaithful to our God To **cause to dwell** is an idiom that means **to marry**. Alternate translation: “and have married foreign women from the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 2 jfau figs-idiom וַ⁠נֹּ֛שֶׁב נָשִׁ֥ים נָכְרִיּ֖וֹת מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 We have been unfaithful to our God To **cause to dwell** is an idiom that means **to marry**. Alternate translation: “and have married foreign women from the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@ EZR 10 11 b2x3 figs-metaphor אֱלֹהֵֽי־אֲבֹתֵי⁠כֶ֖ם 1 separ
EZR 10 11 man9 figs-metaphor וַ⁠עֲשׂ֣וּ רְצוֹנ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠הִבָּֽדְלוּ֙ מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ וּ⁠מִן־הַ⁠נָּשִׁ֖ים הַ⁠נָּכְרִיּֽוֹת 1 separate yourselves With regard to the other people groups, the word “separate” means dissolving the alliances that had been formed with them by marriage. With regard to the foreign wives, it is a figurative term for divorce. Alternate translation: “and obey him by divorcing and sending away your foreign wives, and thereby breaking the alliances you have formed with the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 11 man9 figs-metaphor וַ⁠עֲשׂ֣וּ רְצוֹנ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠הִבָּֽדְלוּ֙ מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ וּ⁠מִן־הַ⁠נָּשִׁ֖ים הַ⁠נָּכְרִיּֽוֹת 1 separate yourselves With regard to the other people groups, the word “separate” means dissolving the alliances that had been formed with them by marriage. With regard to the foreign wives, it is a figurative term for divorce. Alternate translation: “and obey him by divorcing and sending away your foreign wives, and thereby breaking the alliances you have formed with the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 10 11 eyne figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 separate yourselves This expression refers to the other people groups who were living in and around the province of Judah. Alternate translation: “the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 11 eyne figs-idiom מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֣י הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 separate yourselves This expression refers to the other people groups who were living in and around the province of Judah. Alternate translation: “the other people groups living in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 11 ofga figs-quotemarks הַ⁠נָּשִׁ֖ים הַ⁠נָּכְרִיּֽוֹת 1 separate yourselves After this phrase, the book ends its quotation of what Ezra said to the assembly on this occasion. If you decided in [10:10](../10/10.md) to mark his words as a quotation, you should indicate their ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 10 11 ofga figs-quotemarks הַ⁠נָּשִׁ֖ים הַ⁠נָּכְרִיּֽוֹת 1 separate yourselves After this phrase, the book ends its quotation of what Ezra said to the assembly on this occasion. If you decided in [10:10](../10/10.md) to mark his words as a quotation, you should indicate their ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 10 12 tatu figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּֽעְנ֧וּ...וַ⁠יֹּאמְר֖וּ 1 separate yourselves See how you translated this expression in [10:2](../10/02.md). Alternate translation: “responded” (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) EZR 10 12 tatu figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּֽעְנ֧וּ…וַ⁠יֹּאמְר֖וּ 1 separate yourselves See how you translated this expression in [10:2](../10/02.md). Alternate translation: “responded” (See [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
EZR 10 12 hvpb figs-quotemarks ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל 1 separate yourselves After this phrase the book begins to quote what the assembly replied to Ezra. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 10 12 hvpb figs-quotemarks ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל 1 separate yourselves After this phrase the book begins to quote what the assembly replied to Ezra. It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this with an opening quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the beginning of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 10 12 jgje figs-idiom כֵּ֛ן כִּדְבָרְךָ֥ עָלֵ֖י⁠נוּ לַ⁠עֲשֽׂוֹת 1 separate yourselves Like the similar expression “the matter is on you” in [10:4](../10/04.md), this is a Hebrew idiom. Alternate translation: “We agree, it is our responsibility to do what you have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 12 jgje figs-idiom כֵּ֛ן כִּדְבָרְךָ֥ עָלֵ֖י⁠נוּ לַ⁠עֲשֽׂוֹת 1 separate yourselves Like the similar expression “the matter is on you” in [10:4](../10/04.md), this is a Hebrew idiom. Alternate translation: “We agree, it is our responsibility to do what you have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 13 sjoy figs-explicit הָ⁠עָ֥ם רָב֙ 1 this is not the work of one or two days The implication is that there are too many people potentially involved with the problem to deal with all at once. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “there are too many people to deal with all at once” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 10 13 sjoy figs-explicit הָ⁠עָ֥ם רָב֙ 1 this is not the work of one or two days The implication is that there are too many people potentially involved with the problem to deal with all at once. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “there are too many people to deal with all at once” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -1167,11 +1167,11 @@ EZR 10 13 0oap grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֗ה
EZR 10 13 wqu4 figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְ⁠י֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א לִ⁠שְׁנַ֔יִם 1 this is not the work of one or two days “One day or two” is a figurative way of saying “a short time.” Alternate translation: “it will take a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 13 wqu4 figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְ⁠י֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א לִ⁠שְׁנַ֔יִם 1 this is not the work of one or two days “One day or two” is a figurative way of saying “a short time.” Alternate translation: “it will take a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 14 fcw7 figs-idiom יַֽעֲמְדוּ־נָ֣א שָׂ֠רֵי⁠נוּ לְֽ⁠כָל־הַ⁠קָּהָ֞ל 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities Here “stand for” is an idiom that means “represent.” ([10:16](../10/16.md) explains specifically how the community arranged for its leaders to be its representatives.) Alternate translation: “Let our leaders represent all of us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 14 fcw7 figs-idiom יַֽעֲמְדוּ־נָ֣א שָׂ֠רֵי⁠נוּ לְֽ⁠כָל־הַ⁠קָּהָ֞ל 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities Here “stand for” is an idiom that means “represent.” ([10:16](../10/16.md) explains specifically how the community arranged for its leaders to be its representatives.) Alternate translation: “Let our leaders represent all of us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 14 wybo figs-idiom הַ⁠הֹשִׁ֞יב נָשִׁ֤ים נָכְרִיּוֹת֙ 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities See how you translated this expression in [10:2](../10/02.md). Alternate translation: “have married foreign women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 14 wybo figs-idiom הַ⁠הֹשִׁ֞יב נָשִׁ֤ים נָכְרִיּוֹת֙ 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities See how you translated this expression in [10:2](../10/02.md). Alternate translation: “have married foreign women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 14 wvv6 figs-idiom יָבֹא֙...וְ⁠עִמָּ⁠הֶ֛ם זִקְנֵי־עִ֥יר וָ⁠עִ֖יר וְ⁠שֹׁפְטֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities “City by city” is an idiom that means “each city.” Alternate translation: “come with the elders and judges of each city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) EZR 10 14 wvv6 figs-idiom יָבֹא֙…וְ⁠עִמָּ⁠הֶ֛ם זִקְנֵי־עִ֥יר וָ⁠עִ֖יר וְ⁠שֹׁפְטֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities “City by city” is an idiom that means “each city.” Alternate translation: “come with the elders and judges of each city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 10 14 1dri figs-metaphor עַ֠ד לְ⁠הָשִׁ֞יב חֲר֤וֹן אַף־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔⁠נּוּ עַ֖ד לַ⁠דָּבָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities In Hebrew, a burning nose figuratively represents anger, and if someone’s anger is “turned back,” that means figuratively that they are no longer angry. Alternate translation: “until God is no longer angry with us for disobeying in this way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 14 1dri figs-metaphor עַ֠ד לְ⁠הָשִׁ֞יב חֲר֤וֹן אַף־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔⁠נּוּ עַ֖ד לַ⁠דָּבָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities In Hebrew, a burning nose figuratively represents anger, and if someone’s anger is “turned back,” that means figuratively that they are no longer angry. Alternate translation: “until God is no longer angry with us for disobeying in this way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 10 14 cs93 figs-quotemarks לַ⁠דָּבָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities After this phrase, the book ends its quotation of what the assembly replied to Ezra on this occasion. If you decided in [10:12](../10/12.md) to mark their words as a quotation, you should indicate their ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]]) EZR 10 14 cs93 figs-quotemarks לַ⁠דָּבָ֥ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities After this phrase, the book ends its quotation of what the assembly replied to Ezra on this occasion. If you decided in [10:12](../10/12.md) to mark their words as a quotation, you should indicate their ending here with a closing quotation mark or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EZR 10 15 arho grammar-connect-logic-contrast אַ֣ךְ 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai This word indicates that the sentence it introduces draws a contrast between the willingness of almost the entire assembly to pursue this matter and the opposition of these four men. You could begin the sentence with a word such as “however” to indicate this contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) EZR 10 15 arho grammar-connect-logic-contrast אַ֣ךְ 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai This word indicates that the sentence it introduces draws a contrast between the willingness of almost the entire assembly to pursue this matter and the opposition of these four men. You could begin the sentence with a word such as “however” to indicate this contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EZR 10 15 z2yc figs-explicit יוֹנָתָ֧ן…וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה…עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את וּ⁠מְשֻׁלָּ֛ם וְ⁠שַׁבְּתַ֥י...עֲזָרֻֽ⁠ם 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai The implication is that while these four men spoke up in the assembly against investigating who among the Israelites had married foreign wives, their protests were unsuccessful. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Jonathan … and Jahzeiah … did not want the community to investigate who had married foreign women. And Meshullam and Shabbethai … supported them. But they were not able to convince the assembly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) EZR 10 15 z2yc figs-explicit יוֹנָתָ֧ן…וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה…עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את וּ⁠מְשֻׁלָּ֛ם וְ⁠שַׁבְּתַ֥י…עֲזָרֻֽ⁠ם 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai The implication is that while these four men spoke up in the assembly against investigating who among the Israelites had married foreign wives, their protests were unsuccessful. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Jonathan…and Jahzeiah…did not want the community to investigate who had married foreign women. And Meshullam and Shabbethai…supported them. But they were not able to convince the assembly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 10 15 piy5 translate-names יוֹנָתָ֧ן בֶּן־עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai Jonathan is the name of a man, and Asahel is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 10 15 piy5 translate-names יוֹנָתָ֧ן בֶּן־עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai Jonathan is the name of a man, and Asahel is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 15 i7li translate-names וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה בֶן־תִּקְוָ֖ה 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai Jahzeiah is the name of a man, and Tikvah is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) EZR 10 15 i7li translate-names וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה בֶן־תִּקְוָ֖ה 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai Jahzeiah is the name of a man, and Tikvah is the name of his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 15 sl99 figs-metaphor עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את 1 Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah opposed this To stand against something means figuratively to oppose it. Alternate translation: “did not want the community to investigate who had married foreign women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) EZR 10 15 sl99 figs-metaphor עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את 1 Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah opposed this To stand against something means figuratively to oppose it. Alternate translation: “did not want the community to investigate who had married foreign women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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