The "daughter" of a city means the women of the city. This was not rude. It was a normal form of address to a group of women from one location. AT: "You women who are from Jerusalem"
Jesus uses hyperbole to say that they had more reason to weep for their own situation than for his. AT: "do not cry about my situation. Instead," or "you are weeping for me, but even worse things are going to happen to you, so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
The person is a metonym for what will happen to the person. AT: "cry about what is going to happen to you and to your children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])