Samuel_Kim_en_uhg/content/pronoun_interrogative.rst

:github_url: https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/pronoun_interrogative.rst

.. _pronoun_interrogative:

Pronoun Interrogative
=====================

Summary
-------

The interrogative pronoun shows that a sentence is a question.

Article
-------

Interrogative means "having the force of a question", so an
interrogative pronoun is a word that signals that someone is asking a
question. Two of the most common ones (מִי and מָה) are identical to the
:ref:`pronoun_indefinite`,
in which case the context has to make clear which one it is.

Form
----

Interrogative pronouns do not change their form based on number, gender,
or person. Their vowels can change a little bit based on with which
sound the next word begins.

Asking for a person (מִי)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

"who?"

-  GEN 24:65

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   מִֽי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הַלָּזֶה֙

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   **mi**-ha'ish hallazeh

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   **Who**\ \_the-man the-that

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   **Who** is that man?

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-  EXO 15:11

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   מִֽי־כָמֹ֤כָה בָּֽאֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה

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   **mi**-khamokhah ba'elim yehwah

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   **Who**\ \_like-you among-the-gods Yahweh

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   **Who** is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?

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With לְ preposition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

"to whom?"

-  GEN 32:18

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   לְמִי־אַ֙תָּה֙

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   **lemi**-'attoh

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   **To-whom**\ \_you

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   **To whom** do you belong?

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Wish or optative
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

"I wish that someone" or "if only someone"

-  2SA 15:4

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   מִי־יְשִׂמֵ֥נִי שֹׁפֵ֖ט בָּאָ֑רֶץ

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   **mi**-yesimeni shofet ba'arets

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   **Who**\ \_will-put-me judge in-the-land

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   **I wish that** I were made judge in the land!

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-  2SA 23:15

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   מִ֚י יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי מַ֔יִם

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   **mi** yashqeni mayim

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   **Who** will-give-me water

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   **If only someone** would give me water!

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:ref:`adverb`
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Functioning like an interrogative adverb of manner "how"

-  AMO 7:2

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   מִ֥י יָק֖וּם יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב

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   **mi** yaqum ya'aqov

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   **How** will-survive Jacob

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   **How** will Jacob survive?

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Asking for a thing (מָה)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

"what?"

-  1SA 20:1

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   מַה־פִּשְׁעִי֙

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   **mah**-ppish'iy

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   **What**\ \_my-iniquity

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   **What** is my iniquity?

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-  JDG 18:18

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   מָ֥ה אַתֶּ֖ם עֹשִֽׂים

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   **mah** 'attem 'osim

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   **What** you are-doing

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   **What** are you doing?

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with prepositions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

by what / how (בַּמָּה)
'''''''''''''''''''''''

-  GEN 15:8

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   בַּמָּ֥ה אֵדַ֖ע

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   **bammah** 'eda'

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   **In-the-what** will-I-know

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   **How** will I know?

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like what / how many, how much (כַּמָּה)
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

-  GEN 47:8

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   כַּמָּ֕ה יְמֵ֖י שְׁנֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ

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   **kammah** yeme shene hayyeykha

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   **Like-what** days-of years-of your-life

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   **How long** have you lived?

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for what / why (לָמָּה)
'''''''''''''''''''''''

-  GEN 4:6

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   לָ֚מָּה חָ֣רָה לָ֔ךְ **וְלָ֖מָּה** נָפְל֥וּ פָנֶֽיךָ

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   **lommah** harah lakh **welammah** noflu faneykha

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      </tr>

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   **For-what** you-angry to-you **and-for-what** has-fallen your-face

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   **Why** are you angry **and why** are you scowling?

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until what / how long (עַד־מָה)
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

-  PSA 79:5

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   עַד־מָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תֶּאֱנַ֣ף לָנֶ֑צַח

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   **'ad-mah** yehwah te'enaf lanetsah

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   **Until\_what** Yahweh will-you-be-angry forever

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   **How long**, Yahweh? Will you stay angry forever?

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upon what / why (עַל־מָה)
'''''''''''''''''''''''''

-  NUM 22:32

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   עַל־מָ֗ה הִכִּ֙יתָ֙ אֶת־אֲתֹ֣נְךָ֔

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   **'al-mah** hikkitha 'eth-'athonekha

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   **On\_what** did-you-strike [dir.obj]\_your-donkey

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   **Why** have you struck your donkey?

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:ref:`adverb`
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Functioning like an interrogative adverb of manner "how"

-  GEN 44:16

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   וּמַה־נִּצְטַדָּ֑ק

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   **wumah**-nnitstaddaq

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   **and-what** we-will-justify-ourselves

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   **or how** can we justify ourselves?

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why
^^^

-  EXO 14:15

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   מַה־תִּצְעַ֖ק אֵלָ֑י

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   **mah**-tits'aq 'ela

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   **what**\ \_you-cry-out to-me

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   **why** are you continuing to call out to me?

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:ref:`adverb` used to introduce a question
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Adverb of manner "how?"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

אֵיךְ

-  PSA 137:4

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   אֵ֗יךְ נָשִׁ֥יר

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   **'ekh** nashir

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   **How** can-we-sing

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   **How** could we sing?

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-  1KI 12:6

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   אֵ֚יךְ אַתֶּ֣ם נֽוֹעָצִ֔ים

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   **'ekh** 'attem no'atsim

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   **How** you advise

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   **How** do you advise me

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Adverb of place "where?"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

אַיֵּה / אֵי

-  GEN 18:9

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      <tbody valign="top">

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      <tr class="row-odd" align="right">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   אַיֵּ֖ה שָׂרָ֣ה אִשְׁתֶּ֑ךָ

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **'ayyeh** sarah 'ishtekha

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** Sarah your-wife

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** is Sarah your wife?

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      </tbody>

   .. raw:: html

      </table>

-  Gen 4:9

   .. raw:: html

      <table border="1" class="docutils">

   .. raw:: html

      <colgroup>

   .. raw:: html

      <col width="100%" />

   .. raw:: html

      </colgroup>

   .. raw:: html

      <tbody valign="top">

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd" align="right">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   אֵ֖י הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יךָ

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **'e** hevel 'ahikha

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** Abel your-brother

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** is Abel, your brother?

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      </tbody>

   .. raw:: html

      </table>

-  GEN 19:5

   .. raw:: html

      <table border="1" class="docutils">

   .. raw:: html

      <colgroup>

   .. raw:: html

      <col width="100%" />

   .. raw:: html

      </colgroup>

   .. raw:: html

      <tbody valign="top">

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd" align="right">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   אַיֵּ֧ה הָאֲנָשִׁ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **'ayyeh** ha'anashim 'asher-ba'u 'eleykha

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** the-men that\_came-in to-you

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   **Where** are the men that came in to you?

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      </tbody>

   .. raw:: html

      </table>