Samuel_Kim_en_uhg/content/noun_common.rst

:github_url: https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/noun_common.rst

.. _noun_common:

Noun Common
===========

Summary
-------

Common nouns are nouns that are not proper names (i.e. names of people
or places).

Article
-------

A common noun is any noun that is not a :ref:`noun_proper_name`.

Form
----

Every noun is either
:ref:`gender_masculine`
or
:ref:`gender_feminine`
by its nature, often the form of a word is a strong indicator which
gender it is. All nouns are either
:ref:`number_singular`
or
:ref:`number_plural`,
or in some cases
:ref:`number_dual`;
and they appear either in the :ref:`state_absolute`
or the :ref:`state_construct`.

.. _noun_common-paradigm:

Paradigm
~~~~~~~~

.. raw:: html

   <table border="1" class="docutils">

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd">

.. raw:: html

   <th>

word

.. raw:: html

   </th>

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   <th>

Hebrew

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   </th>

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   <th>

Transliteration

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   </th>

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   <th>

Gloss

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   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular absolute

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּס

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

sus

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

stallion

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular construct

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

סוּס

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

sus

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

stallion of

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   </td>

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   </tr>

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   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

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   <td>

feminine singular absolute

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

susah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

mare

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   </tr>

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   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular contruct

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסַת

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

susat

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   </td>

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   <td>

mare of

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   </td>

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   </tr>

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   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural absolute

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסִים

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

susim

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

stallions

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural construct

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסֵי

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

suse

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

stallions of

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   </td>

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   </tr>

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   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

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   <td>

feminine plural absolute

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסוֹת

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

susoth

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

mares

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural contruct

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

סוּסוֹת

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

susoth

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

mares of

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   </td>

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   </tr>

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   </tbody>

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   </table>

Examples
--------

אִ֖ישׁ "man" is a common noun, but מֹשֶׁ֗ה "Moses" is not because it is
a name.

-  NUM 12:3

   .. raw:: html

      <table border="1" class="docutils">

   .. raw:: html

      <colgroup>

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      <col width="100%" />

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      </colgroup>

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      <tbody valign="top">

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd" align="right">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   וְהָאִ֥ישׁ מֹשֶׁ֖ה ענו מְאֹ֑ד

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   weha'ish mosheh 'nw me'od

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-odd">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   and-the-man Moses humble very

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      <tr class="row-even">

   .. raw:: html

      <td>

   The truth was that Moses was a very humble person

   .. raw:: html

      </td>

   .. raw:: html

      </tr>

   .. raw:: html

      </tbody>

   .. raw:: html

      </table>

In Hebrew, nouns do not change their form based on the function (or
case) they have in a sentence (subject/nominative, direct
object/accusative, etc.). They only change if they are in construct
state.