Samuel_Kim_en_uhg/content/adjective_ordinal_number.rst

:github_url: https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/adjective_ordinal_number.rst

.. _adjective_ordinal_number:

Adjective Ordinal Number
========================

Summary
-------

In Bibliel Hebrew, ordinal numbers are used to express a rank or order
of items in a series (first, second, third, etc.) or to express a part
of a whole (a third, a fourth, a fifth, etc.).

Article
-------

Biblical Hebrew contains two sets of numbers: :ref:`adjective_cardinal_number`
and ordinal numbers. Ordinal numbers describe either a numeric
rank/order or a portion of a whole. "First" through "tenth" have unique
ordinal forms, but the cardinal forms are used from "eleventh" and
higher. Ordinal numbers function as :ref:`adjective_attributive`,
but they may not always have the same grammatical form (gender, number,
definiteness) as the noun they describe.

NOTE: Sometimes a cardinal form is used, but an ordinal meaning is
clearly indicated from the context (see examples below).

"First" through "Tenth"
-----------------------

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word

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Hebrew

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Transliteration

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Gloss

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masculine

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רִאֹשׁוֹן

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ri'oshon

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first

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masculine

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שֵׁנִי

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sheni

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second

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masculine

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שְׁלִישִׁי

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shelishi

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third

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masculine

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רְבִיעִי

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rebi'i

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fourth

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masculine

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חֲמִישִׁי

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hamishi

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fifth

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masculine

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שִׁשִּׁי

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shishi

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sixth

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masculine

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שְׁבִיעִי

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shevi'i

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   <td>

seventh

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masculine

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שְׁמִינִי

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shemini

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eighth

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masculine

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תְּשִׁיעִי

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teshi'i

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   <td>

ninth

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masculine

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עֲשִׂירִי

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'asiri

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   <td>

tenth

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   </tbody>

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-  GEN 47:18

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   בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית

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   bashanah **hashenith**

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   in-the-year **the-second**

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   in **the second** year

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-  DEU 5:14 –– a
   :ref:`state_determined`
   ordinal number describing an indefinite noun

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   וְי֙וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י

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   weyom **hashevi'i**

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   and-day **the-seventh**

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   and **the seventh** day

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-  2KI 15:32 –– a cardinal number functioning as an ordinal number

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   בִּשְׁנַ֣ת שְׁתַּ֔יִם

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   bishnath **shetayim**

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   in-year two

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   in **the second** year

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-  2SA 4:2 –– cardinal numbers functioning as ordinal numbers

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   שֵׁם֩ **הָאֶחָ֨ד** ... וְשֵׁ֧ם הַשֵּׁנִ֣י

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   ushene **'anashim** ... weshem **hasheni**

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   name-of **the-one** ... and-name-of **the-two**

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   the name of **the first** ... and the name of **the second**

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"Eleventh" and higher
---------------------

The
:ref:`adjective_cardinal_number`
forms are used for ordinal numbers higher than ten ("eleventh",
"twelfth", etc.).

-  GEN 7:11

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   בְּשִׁבְעָֽה־עָשָׂ֥ר יֹ֖ום

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   **beshiv'ah-'asar** yowm

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   **in seven\_ten** day

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   **on the seventeenth** day

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-  1KI 19:19

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   וְה֖וּא בִּשְׁנֵ֣ים הֶעָשָׂ֑ר

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   wehu **bishnem he'asar**

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   and-he **in-two the-ten**

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   and he was **with the twelfth**

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Part of a whole
---------------

-  GEN 47:24

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   וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם **חֲמִישִׁ֖ית** לְפַרְעֹ֑ה

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   unethattem **hamishith** lefar'oh

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   and-you-must-give **a-fifth** to-Pharaoh

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   you must give **one fifth** of the crop to the king

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